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RL01/RL02 DISK SUBSYSTEM USER`S GUIDE »

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1. ER b Etat ane eit oa 1 2 Ru CORONER rats fcrt ert vis 1 2 RLI Contioler Desbriplo sus tuas ze suu I 2 REV Tl Contohe DesCHpUOn 22 sucesos i 1 3 RESA Coutroller DaescripHoH une su iu muras wi CETS SS 1 3 RLOIKJKEO2K DEk CINERE ssip cam pp anew gros in nena 1 3 1 4 SECTOR Format ss cs IIS IIS SI wh See Es UETA VI 1 4 SV 9 SERE ESE EE SEETEK SRE AC DUE Du 1 6 BD SECTOR AE AEG TETTE E MEL N o PI 1 6 REOURLO SFECIRICA TIONS noo ize mmen TO eri tette na 1 9 INSTALLATION SITE PREPARATION AND PLANNING tma e ameo Environmental BONS eres sman axe Rabel s em Me esepranto CERESE 22 mee tem esiste SR Ol SIUS cede Space aaa cts eruca ceno Vico VO ZT BAG sese re ete aSo Vance Sia ais VR cereis a Heat Dissipation emon sidu SISTIS MOS a SOOUSMOS sun sa mun WS us I Ve ees ee Tee D 2 2 TEPPE e USES Va E VR AGI Ua Uie Ke Meee Relative FI nmidily muz Ss ae See un AUGE SEA SS Ss RE a Se Ka KN VI SNO qus ua Power and Safety Precaitions
2. wt RR CHAPTER 4 to lo J lJ t3 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT RLS A CONTROLLER INSTALLATION gt ajm un rmm eis sie eis eA TAHOE Module Slot Loeatlon ss sm suis qus au SGI xa IA DO eia 2 20 Modul6 Installations uuu os vans oa de Usetta Vie DWA Va EDA REOIWRDOZIDISK DRIVE INSTALLATION sup lia sis a 2922 Unpacking and Inspection is zus va de zu eus a ku apog pa ar RLOWRLO2 Disk Drive Unit Mounting s s sss aye a rere ia 202723 DrivesPrestart Inspection s cese ms reich ur IRAE SEE Drive Startup Operation Check eomm nt nmt mer mt mem ta 2 30 CONBIDENCE TESTING user neum ir EAREKE des recen SRN SPITI act mes RENE Based DSUHOSGONS iu amu via cmt t tavta REL VII Lu rm oet due racheter ma certiora ses ano mia e ted RESA Rased vase sims we ted ons rege mines teda USE OF THE M9312 BOOTSTRAP WITH AN SYSTEM 2 35 OPERATOR S GUIDE INTRODUCTION v sss eu a Sus SE ami 6 3 1 GONTROLS AND INDICATORS eeu dee tenerae ws isl
3. A i EEES 2a los 5 3 5 Read Header Command kazoj S 5 15 5 3 6 Write Data Command 5 15 3 2 edd Data CORMAN 2 204 muses ie a 5 16 523 Read Data Without Header Check Command so 5 3 9 MaleNANCE DIV 20345 sa a suuo sane vekss 5 16 5 4 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS Aas Si S Y 5 4 1 8 Bit Mode Versus T2 Bit Mode sis decur kis securum mla ove dera 5 18 5 4 2 DED cares A ETN as NE 5 4 3 Seek aa ewes sy rR ws VU sore ad CY sao ka 5 4 4 Overlapped Seeks su Xu XS eas v dS POTN 5 4 5 Recovery of Data with Bad Headers is cor GEESE mre DLE 5 4 6 Non interchangeability of Disk Cartridges 5 19 5 4 6 1 484 K 94 114 TTT ert Num bru TETTE JN 5 4 6 2 MID moss sus do cy am eae diu kre mno sm DO 5 4 7 Use GOntollBIS eseas tuy kE Feinde eis oe mem DELS 9 9 ERROR REGOMBRO exer sey uz itii ati kunem TER 5 6 DIFFERENCE SUMMARY RK05 and RLOI RLO2 5 20 5 6 1 Spiral Read Write or Mid Tratisfer 5 5 20 5 6 2 Itiplieit Seeks Versus EXphcit SOCKS se eus su mie EAD 5 6 3 REDANDIMO 22 sus sian vede vate c
4. Drive Errors Recommended Reaction DSE Retry once before notifying operator to verify UNIT SELECT plug WGE Retry SPE Retry SKTO Retry Wait for 1 5 see after Reset CHE Fatal Do not retry WDE Fatal Do not retry The nature of these errors should be considered when determining how many times to retry the operation For instance a DLT error could be a hardware system failure but it could also be the result of bus activity due to other devices exceeding the throughput capability In the latter case it is likely that the operation would be successful on the first retry The rate of occurrences is a good indicator of overall system performance and an error logging routine should count the rate at which errors occur A general increase in the rate of DLT errors could indicate that system usage is approaching its throughput capacity in its present configuration Another example of applying practical reaction to an error is the handling of an HNE error It should be retried once If it recurs then the head may not be positioned over the correct track If a Read Header operation is performed and the address from the media is examined the current cylinder and head can be determined to see if it is a position problem If not then possibly there is a bad spot on the media If there is bad header that sector address should be entered into the Bad Sector File and the software should avoid using the original sector 5 19 When
5. 4 RPO6 DEC 12 11209 12 11210 ALL 240V TABLE TOP COMPUTERS 240V STANDARD LOW CURRENT 15A 240V DISTRIBUTION 1 PHASE MOST 240V TERMINAL DEVICES NEMA 6 15P 6 15R DEC 90 08853 12 11204 240V TU10 x G 240V ALL 240V STANDARD POWER 20A CABINET MOUNTED CONTROLLER 1 PHASE HUBBEL EQUIPMENT 861 8 42321 Y 2320 16 20R NEMA 4 L6 20P DEC 12 11192 12 111891 z w 240 416V 20A 50 Hz RM10 DRUM 3 PHASE Y Y Hz RPO2 RPO3 x RPO4 NEMA 7 NEMA NOT NEMA DEC 12 09010 12 11259 PDP11 70 120V Y PROCESSOR POWER 30A HUBBEL w PDP 11 70 MEM CONTROLLER 1 PHASE 42811 VAX 11 780 861 0 NEMA 2810 PROCESSOR L21 30P 21 308 DEC 12 12314 12 12315 CP 1968 Figure 2 2 Approved Electrical Plugs and Receptacles 2 1 4 Installation Constraints he route from the receiving area to the installation site that the equipment will travel should be studied in advance to ensure problem free delivery Among the considerations are Height and location of loading doors Size capacity and availability of elevators Number and size of aisles and doors en route Bends or obstructions in hallways 2 1 5 Grounding Requirements Each cabinet of a DIGITAL computer system is equipped with ground lug terminals that should be connected to a low impedance earth ground by No 4 AWG 5 mm 0 20 in copper wire or stranded No 4 AWG welding cable A Burndy QA4C B solderless lug or equivalent is recommended for te
6. 4 1 SIDIS loc 5 ia 4 1 Bus Addtess REIMO ca queen ia 314 am PS VIA ae 4 3 Disk RESIST uus as susura vis eres dias tees div eie Ur GI dim 4 5 DA Register DUNES Setk CommMma d ss ou sis suus vu reme et tusas 4 5 DA Register During Read or Write Data Command 4 5 DA Register During a Get Status Command 4 6 NTR UTS es vor A lekas udo DS KONSEK SESE 4 7 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT 4 2 4 1 MP Register After aGeEUStatus Command err kibat 4 7 4 2 4 2 MP Register After a Read Header Command 4 8 4 2 4 3 MP Register During Read Write Data Command 4 9 4 2 5 Register aw ee vum ls er NIU EN Move ATI VU Reuse Me ee 4 9 4 3 CONTROLLER COMMANDS 2 4 2 4 3 1 No Op or Maintenance Function Code O 4 12 4 3 2 Write Check Function Code Laus measles a a vie 4 13 4 3 3 Get Status Function Code 2 ssssssssssssssssssess 4 13 4 3 4 Desk ede Sh uon estesa Seen mi eoe ron Xr rss NA 4 13 4 3 5 Read Heading Function Gode 4 ace reco ce am eter mand 4 14 4 3 6 Witt Dat PulcHom COUR D enos so
7. A 16 bit word defines the data track address Bits 0 5 define the sector bit 6 defines the surface and bits 7 15 define the cylinder address This information is in word 1 of each 5 header CHAPTER 2 INSTALLATION 2 1 SITE PREPARATION AND PLANNING This chapter describes power space environmental cabling and safety requirements that must be considered before installation of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem 2 1 4 Environmental Considerations The RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem is designed to operate in a business or light industry environment Although cleanliness is an important consideration in the installation of any computer system it is particularly crucial for proper operation of a disk drive The RLOI K RLO2K Disk Cartridge is not sealed while being loaded and is therefore vulnerable to dust or smoke particles suspended in the air as well as fingerprints hair lint ete These minute obstructions can cause head crashes resulting in severe damage to the read write heads and disk surfaces 2 1 1 1 Cleanliness The RLOI RLO2 Disk Drives can operate in an ambient with less than one million particles per cubic foot of air which are 0 5 micron or larger in diameter The drive contains a filter system which under these conditions maintains the particle count within the cartridge below 100 particles per cubic foot 2 1 1 2 Space Requirements Provision should be made for service clearances of m 36 at the front and
8. MODULE SIDE VIEW OF 9 SLOT BACKPLANE ke Figure 2 17 H9273 Backplane Grant Priority Structure 2 19 MA 0566 S Insert the M8014 module next to the M8013 6 Install the transition bracket at the rear of the cabinet as shown in Figure 2 12 Assemble and install the transition connector Connect the other end of the ribbon cable with the red stripe up Apply system power and using a suitable measuring device 1 digital voltmeter or equivalent verify that the voltages are within the ranges specified below VOLTAGE RANGE TEST POINT Ground AC2 5 Vde 4 75 Vde 10 5 25 AA2 12 Vdc 11 5 Vde io 12 5 Vde AD2 5 Vde 5 25 Vde to 4 75 Vde ALI M8013 only NOTE The 5 Vdcis generated on the M8013 module It is not adjustable but must be within specifications for proper operation Module replacement is the only corrective procedure Measure all voltages between the ground test point and the appropriate voltage test point any adjustments to the power supply are necessary refer to the appropriate manual 2 6 RL8 A CONTROLLER INSTALLATION 2 6 1 Introduction The RL8 A Omnibus controller module M8433 contains the following logic functions Interface logic Programmable registers Silo data storage and control Data formatting and error detection Control microsequencer and timing logic Drive bus interface logic NOTE Adjustments on the RL8 A are preset at the factory and are not to be chan
9. DISKEESS CONTROL TEST P TAPE AL COS9A NA AJRLAAO RESA DISKLESS CONTROL TEST DECI APE AC CO660A MA AJRLBAO RLSA RLOT DRIVE TEST DOCUMENT AH C661A MA AJRLBAO RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 1 FICHE AK C662A MA AJRLBAO RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST t P TAPE AL C663A NA AJRLBAO RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 1 DECTAPE AC C664A MA RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 2 DOCUMENT AH C665A MA AJRLCAO RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 2 FICHE AJRLCAO RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 2 TAPE AL C667A NA RLSA RLOI DRIVE TEST 2 DECTAPE AC C668A MA AJRLDAO RLSA RLO COMPAT VERIFY DOCUMENT AH C669A MA RLSA RLOI COMPAT VERIFY FICHE AK C670A MA AJRLDAO RLSA RLOI COMPAT VERIFY P TAPE AL C671A NA AJRLDAO RLSA RLOI COMPAT VERIFY DECTAPE AC C672A MA AJRLEAO RLSA RLOI PERF EXER DOCUMENT AH C673A MA AJRLEAO RLSA RLOI PERF EXER FICHE AK C674A MA AIRLEAO RLSA RLOI EXER TAPE AL C675A NA AJRLEAO RLSA RLUI PERF EXER DECTAPE AC C676A MA AXRLAAO RLSA DECNS MODULE DOCUMENT AH C677A MA RLSA DECNS MODULE FICHE AK C678A MA AXRLAAO RLSA DECX8 MODULE P TAPE AC C682A MA AIRLGAO RLSA RLOI PACK VERIFY DOCUMENT AH C683A MA AJRLGAO RLSA RLOI PACK VERIFY FICHE AK COS4A MA AJRLGAO RLSA RLOI PACK VERIFY TAPE AL CO85A NA AJRLGAO RLSA RLOI PACK VERIFY DECTAPE There are six free standing diagnostic programs for the RLS RLO2 subsystem plus a module for use with the D
10. RLOURLO2 Cabinet IgA aOR oie on e so si ewes vm ez sas ea vo DS REONRLO2 Covers REMOVER ses siia su WU kakas va 2520 REOI RLO2 Drive Rear View s s sessis suede va Oe a sua REOTDREO2 Disk Drive Pront VIEW 4 a sesssis ecan sie Cx lasos 2 28 RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Exposed Drive Logic Module 2 29 RLDOI RLO Disk Drive Pront VIEW SSS rne EEE YN eel REOI REO2 Disk Drive Rear VIEW a ne s suos onic tte qunm E say ER so a 52 Cartridge PIOCedure asmo iea eleme o ou zi EATS esp Rimdns auicm Busty PTE ASS 42 Jee iou METE TT y EEII ean 4 4 DIV Seek COIT opa Qt Posta Monroe Me m RE Suiza Bie Ease 4 5 DAR Read Write Data Command a cs eseon as ako Rohr etat 4 6 DAR Get Status a me aem ttes duit mot re EINE Se a E A 4 6 c SOS MO a ista moa ae sis eblis cca te Sr aa KIO ENIO 4 7 MPR Fares Header MORIS ana ccc xima sa EXCISE 4 8 MPR Usedias a Wull COURIER uus vs xe sss kiu d 4 9 Register SURE esar cta ORI TE SIM a SEKTANO Ra ds d 4 10 Command Register A During a Seek Command 5 3 Command Regis
11. Power ON Ot Breaker 25355554 SIIR AISA diu ss 3 2 RUN STOP Switeh with Load Indicator os ss 5 cir er enata us 3 2 UNIT SELECT Switch with READY 22 2 23 3 BAUER DANCADON semido uy GUT SU Mo SN Te GR ee LA SE NS eS WRITE PROTECT Switch and Indiestor yee tty dia odd OPERATING PROCEDURES tir mitt ene Se magas ekste sa 19753 Cartridge Loading and Drive Startup Procedure 3 3 Unload ino PIOCEQUIE i e timen se mem thy Ras eve mim 3 4 OPERATOR MAINTENANCE sesiono en nete 42 3 7 MOCRO 3 7 Professional Cartidase Cleaning a ses sve nares sees ee siS User Gantpdas Cl anihb us su eu Weems la IMIS MENIS TED 3 7 Assembly Channing 522 os ww Vie AEM sev seminars via 3 7 CARTRIDGE CARE SUMMARY ous Ss ima sis ena ani RLII RLVII PROGRAMMING INFORMATION GENERAL DESCRIPTION SI NORE 4 1 RET Controler er tasty ade she soe Red 4 1 Controller Descriptions sas pieaoj o net PUR sus Rer a 4 1 ADDRESSABLE REGISTERS ae sv Saag xi art esi Rada min
12. RLO1 RLO2 DISK SUBSYSTEM USER S GUIDE digital equipment corporation colorado springs colorado Ist Edition December 1978 2nd Printing Rev September 1979 Ard Printing Rev June 1980 4th Printing Rev October 1980 Copyright 1978 1979 1980 by Digital Equipment Corporation The material in this manual is tor Informa purposes and is subject to change without notice Digital Equipment Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may ap pear in this manual Printed in U S A he following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard Mas suchusetts DEC DECUS DECnet DECsystem 10 DECSYSTEM 20 DECwriter DIBOL Digital Logo EduSystem IAS LSI 11 MASSBUS OMNIBUS PDP PDT Q BUS RSTS RSX UNIBUS VAX VMX VI 1 l 1 1 2 8 1 Ph tl bo to to to lo toto to to o to F2 F2 to lo 22 Un Uh LUI dx 59 sal amo Bimo gaj 5 la xS ue ee mao Hem Seay ar TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION PURPOSE AID met urpeunasipts Suites lao 1 1 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS n tactis rop mme eem 1 1 SUBSYSTEM CONFIGURATIONS inna eie eia e 1 1 LO ROD
13. or Header Not Found HNF Function Octal F2 FO Command Code 0 0 0 No Op RLI I or 0 Maint RLVI l 0 0 Write Check 0 0 Get Status 2 0 3 0 0 Read Header 4 0 Write Data 5 0 Read Data 6 1 Read Data Without 7 Header Check The two most significant bus address bits Read and written as data bits 4 and 5 of the CS register but considered as address bits 16 and 17 of the bus address register see Paragraph 4 2 2 When this bit is set by software the controller is allowed to interrupt the processor at the normal command or error termination When cleared by software this bit indicates that the command in bits 1 3 is to be executed When set this bit indicates the controller is ready to accept another command These bits determine which drive will communicate with the controller via the drive bus When set this bit indicates that the current command was not completed within 200 ms If OPI bit 10 is cleared and this bit is set a CRC error has occurred when reading the data DCRC If OPI bit 10 is set and bit 11 is also set the CRC error has occurred on the header HCRC If OPI bit 10 is cleared and bit 11 is set and the function command was a write check a write check error WCE has occurred NOTE Cyclic redundancy checking is performed on the first and second header words even though the second header word always contains zeros This bit is set during a write when t
14. word containing CRC generated information one word postamble of all zero bits Following each sector is a period of idle time that is simply a wait for the next sector pulse In addition to the data tracks there are tracks both inside and outside of the data area that contain unique servo signals that define those areas as guard bands If the read write heads attempt to enter a guard band the drive logic causes the positioner to retreat from the guard band and return to the data area The disk has a nominal rotational speed of 2400 rev min Therefore the time for one revolution is 25 milliseconds Since the revolution is divided into 40 sectors the duration of each sector is 625 microseconds This 625 microsecond period is divided into non data sector pulse header idle time time and data time The data time period is 500 microseconds Thus the data is transferred in 500 microsecond bursts that occur every 625 microseconds 1 6 RLOI RLO2 SPECIFICATIONS The following tables list the specifications of the RLOI RLO2 drives and the RLOIK RLO2K cartridges able 1 2 Table 1 A Table 1 4 Characteristics Width Depth Height Weight Mounting Power Source Input Power Power Factor Starting Current Heat Dissipation Power Cord and Connector Safety Interlocks RLOI RLO Disk Drive Physical and Environmental Specifications RLOVRLOJ Disk Drive Operational Specifications RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridge Specifications
15. 0 0 X X X X X Xx Xx Wi Wi Wa Ws We X l i D FOR VECTOR ADDRESS 160 Ws W Ws JUMPERS IN Wr Wz We JUMPERS OUT BASE ADDRESS SCHEME 214 213 2 2 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 90 ME 2 217 216 215 1 1 1 1 7 4 1 1 1 1 of 1 9 0 X x x x Wiaj Wie Wis W Ws Wa FOR BASE ADDRESS 774400 W 2 Wis W JUMPERS IN Wi Ws Wio Wis Wis Wis Wis JUMPERS OUT NOTE X S DENOTE DON T CARE NOT SELECTABLE 1S DENOTE JUMPER IN O S DENOTE JUMPER OUT CZ 2004 Figure 2 10 RLII Base And Vector Address Jumper Configuration E v sw PRIORITY JUMPER PLUG FOR BUS REQUEST LEVEL FIVE 5 0560 Figure 2 11 RETI Priority Jumper Assembly Connections To install the controller to lad Remove the M7762 module from its shipping container and examine it for any physical damage If a priority level other than 5 is required obtain an appropriate priority jumper assembly or set up x the priority jumper assembly item 1 Figure 2 9 using Figure 2 11 as a guide The vector and base address jumpers W1 W16 are for 160 and 774400 respectively the subsystem configuration requires other than standard addresses set the jumpers up as shown in Figure 2 10 Physical location of these jumpers is shown on Figure 2 9 Install the ribbon cable BCO6R NX with the red indicator stripe to the right and the smooth s
16. 18 CHAPTER 5 RL8 A PROGRAMMING INFORMATION 5 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ate canadian Ce DI 5 2 ADEBKESSABLE BBOGISTERS 4 amp 5 oss 3 BLES VA Wa VEGON ROT DS 5 21 Command Asus vi EV eR OZ CRUSH 4942 5 2 11 Command Register A During a Seek Command 5 2 2 2112 Command Register During Read or Write Data Command 5 3 522 2 PATA Herd y 5 4 5 2 3 Bronk Memory Address sues se me eee mem timema 4989 5 2 4 IN OLI uua ease ect ata ntum 316 cia 5 2 5 PEROT Address REVIST xo KEIR SLA rea SS 5 2 6 EMOS ocu SIENO wes sus SNS dh SEIN qe Sau THEO 222 4 aue Dal cs downs SESO c quas va vx rdum vu 35 2 7 1 Silo Register After a Get Status Command 5 7 5212 Silo Data Buffer During a Read Header Command 5 9 52 8 QUII 5 3 CONINOLLER COMM BINDS A 2 aasman se temm eise ka ratur se 5 3 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT 5 3 2 i cost rts ds bes a Tha XE We 3 5 Get Status Command TEC MEET F 4 IE 5 14 5 3 4 Seek Command T
17. 70 published by the National Bureau of Underwriters provides further details regarding preterred grounding procedures POWER PANEL CONCRETE FLOOR 08 0718 Figure 2 4 Power Panel Grounded To Metal Plate 2 20 AC CABLING Computer equipment requires a power source with a minimum number of voltage and frequency disturbances Line voltage disturbances greater than 1 4 cycle measured at the receptacle during system operation are undesirable DIGITAL power wiring conforms to Underwriters Laboratories Inc Handbook UL 478 National Electrical Code standards and the ty pe requirements of the National Fire Protection Association 70 This means that in the United States the wire used as equipment ground is green or green with a yellow stripe it carries no load current except in emergency but does carry leakage current No equipment is permitted to leave DIGITAL that does not have a grounding connection to its frame The grounded conductor is light grey or white It must not be used to ground equipment lis purpose is to conduct current Lines 1 2 and 3 in a typical 60 Hz power system Figure 2 5 are represented by black red and blue wires respecuvely and phase rotation is in that order CAUTION Where no grounded wire can be guaranteed it must not be assumed There are some 115 V 60 Hz sys tems within the United States where neither side of the line is grounded 115 V 3 phase delta MAIN CIRCUIT BREA
18. AND INDICATOR UNIT SELECT PLUG AND READY INDICATOR FAULT INDICATOR WRITE PROTECT SWITCH AND INDICATOR Figure 2 23 RLOURLO2 Disk Drive Front View 2 28 CZ 1005 DRIVE LOGIC MODULE 7 SERVO MODULE MODULE D C SERVO MODULE AND TEMPLATE MA 0564 Figure 2 24 RLOVRLOJ Disk Drive Exposed Drive Logic Module 11 Using a suitable measuring device 1 digital voltmeter or equivalent ensure the following drive voltages are within the specified tolerances Voltage Range Test Point 150 15 0 to 18 0 VUNREG ISUNREG 15 0 to 18 0 Vde VUNREG 5 4 85 to 5 35 Vdc TPS 8REG 7 7 to 8 3 Vde SREG 7 7 to 8 3 Vde 5 See Figure 2 24 for de servo module location Test points are located on the mask covering the de servo module 16 D 2 7 4 Verify that the WRITE PROTect switch cycles in and out and the indicator lights up when the switch is pressed Verity that the LOA D switch cycles in and out when the switch is pressed Return switch to the out position Turn off Reinstall the top cover and secure with the captive screws Ensure that the drive access cover cannot be opened Turn CBI on and ensure the drive access cover will open Drive Startup Operation Check With the drive power ON install scratch cartridge as described in Paragraph 3 3 Close the cover press the LOAD switch and note that The LOAD l
19. BD H967 110 H967 BA 26 67 em 10 5 in cover panels H950 QA must be ordered 220 H967 BB required H9500 110 H9603 ED SWLB with H9514 B top covers 220 H9603 EE DWLB with H9514 A top covers 110 H9601 ED 220 H9601 EE SWHB complete hiboy cabinet 110 H9602 EA 220 H9602 EB DWHB complete hiboy cabinet 110 H9600 EA H9500 220 H9600 EB SWHB option arrangement dwg H9602 B O Order as required H9600 A O DWHB option arrangement dwg Order as required H9603 B O SWLB option arrangement dwg Order as required H9500 H9601 A O DWHB option arrangement dwg Order as required Saleable Cable Options Where an VO cable length of more than 10 feet is required order one of the following Order No BC20J 20 BC20J 40 BC20J 60 Part No Length 7012122 20 7012122 40 7012122 60 6 m 20 ft 12 m 40 ft 18 m 60 ft Total length of cable s from the controller to the last drive must not exceed 30 m 100 ft E 2 1 3 Power Requirements RLOI or RLO drive can operate within one of four voltage ranges that are manually selected by means of two terminal blocks located at the rear of the device Figure 2 1 These voltage ranges are 110 220 NOM 100 120 200 256 LO 90 105 180 210 The drive will operate when the line frequency is between 47 5 and 63 Hz 1 0 CABLE CABLE IN TERMINATOR NORMAL LOW LINE VOLTAGE TERMINAL BLOCK COVER Lad CABLE OUT 110 22
20. Diagnostic Supervisor manually under NNDP chainable under NNDP except CZRLFAO which requires manual intervention or under manufacturing checkout environments such as SLIDE 11 new diagnostic package is available to test either an RLOI oran RLO2 unit The kit numbers are listed in Table 2 5 and the contents of the tests are shown in Table 2 6 There is new program added to the package named CZRLMAO It is used to read the Bad Sector File and can be used to write entries into the field writable portion of the Bad Sector File This program is not a diagnostic and should not be used as one It assumes that the system is functioning properly Table 2 5 Diagnostic Kit Numbers PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION ZJ283 RB Documentation and Paper Tape ZJ283 RZ Documentation Only Z 283 PB Paper Tape Only ZJ283 FR Microfiche Only lo 22 Table 2 6 RLII Diagnostic Components PART NUMBER NAME ITEM AC F111A MC CZRLGAU CONTROLLER TEST 1 DOCUMENTATION AH FII0A MC FICHE AK FIOSA MC PAPER 1 AK FI09A MC PAPER TAPE 72 DECO 115 CZRLHAO CONTROLLER TEST 2 DOCUMENTATION AH E114A MC FICHE AK FII2A MC PAPER TAPE 71 AK FII3A MC PAPER TAPE 2 15 DECO AC FII9A MC CZRLIAO DRIVE TEST 1 DOCUMENTATION AH FI18A MC FICHE AK FI 16 PAPER TAPE 1 AK F117A MC PAPER TAPE 2 AF F119A MO DECO AC F123A MC CZRLJAO DRIVE TEST 2 DOCUMENTATION AH F122A MC FI
21. NOTE Adjustments to the RLV11 are preset at the factory and are not to be adjusted in the field 2 5 3 Module Slot Location Modules M8013 and M8014 must be inserted into the H9273 backplane Figure 2 17 such that the M8013 module is in the slot closest to the processor Outside of this one restriction the two modules can be inserted in any two unused slots The controller priority level is based solely on its electrical distance from the microprocessor module in slot 1 2 5 4 Module Installation l Using the normal configuration rules select two adjacent slots in the backplane for the two controller modules 2 Insert the ribbon cable BCO6R XX into on the M8013 with the red stripe edge toward the top Row of the module 3 Insert the M8013 module into the selected slot that is closest to the processor 4 Examine the M8014 to insure that the base address switches and the vector address switches are set correctly Check jumpers WI thru W4 for correctness See Figures 2 14 2 15 and 2 16 CABLE CONNECTOR TO DRIVE RLV11 DRIVE MODULE M8013 COMPONENT SIDE 1 JUMPERS W2 AND W4 IN PLACE FOR EPROM USE PART 058B7 JUMPERS W1 W3 IN PLACE FOR MASKED ROM USE PART 23017E2 W1 Q 00 gt V A V V A V A NOTE CZ 2008 JUMPERS ARE ZERO OHM COMPOSITION RESISTORS Figure 2 16 RLVII Drive Module M8013 A B D PROCESSOR MODULE HIGHEST PRIORITY O vu LOWEST PRIORITY
22. RLI1 does not have These commands are explained in Paragraph 4 3 has a 256 word RAM first in first out FIFO buffer while the has 16 word silo 4 2 ADDRESSABLE REGISTERS There are four addressable registers in the controller that are used to control and monitor the operation within the controller itself and within the disk drive unit s These are described briefly in Table 4 1 and described in detail in the following text 4 2 1 Control Status Register The Control Status CS register Figure 4 1 is a 16 bit register with an address of 774400 Bits through 9 can be read or written the other bits can only be read When the controller is initialized bits 1 6 and 8 13 are cleared and 7 is set Bit O is set whenever the selected drive is in the ready condition otherwise the bit is cleared 14 is set whenever there is a drive error it is cleared when the drive error is corrected or the drive error is cleared by Get Status command Bit 15 is set when there is a drive or controller error indicated in bits 10 14 4 1 Table 4 1 Controller Addressable Registers Basic Function Address Type Register octal read write Name Mnemonic 774400 RIW Control Status CS 774402 R W Bus Address BA 774404 R W Disk Address DA 774406 R W Multipurpose MP Indicates drive ready condition decodes drive com mands and provides overall control functions and error indication
23. The contents of the MP register are defined as follows MPR AFTER GET STATUS COMMAND 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 woe cue we spe woe ve or no m sre sro sra CZ 2012 Figure 4 6 MPR Status Word Bit s Name Function 0 2 State C A These bits define the state of the drive ST C A C B A 0 0 0 Load Cartridge 0 0 Spin Up 0 0 Brush Cycle 0 Load Heads 0 0 Seek 0 Lock 1 0 Unload Heads Spin Down 3 Brush Home BH Set when the brushes are home 4 Heads Out HO Set when the heads are over the disk 5 Cover Open Set when the drive access cover is open or the dust cover is not in place 6 Head Select HS Indicates the currently selected head A zero indicates the upper head a one the lower head 7 Drive Type DT A zero indicates an RLOI a one an RLO2 8 Drive Select Error Set when a multiple drive selection is detected DSE 9 Volume Check Set when a cartridge is mounted and spun up Cleared by execution of a Get VC Status command with Bit 3 asserted 4 7 Bitis Name Function 10 Write Gate Error Set during Write Gate one or more of the following conditions occur WGE Drive is not ready to read write Drive is write protected Sector pulse is occurring Drive hus another error Spin Error SPE Set when spindle has not reached speed in the required time during spin up or when spindle speed s too high 12 S
24. canridge cleaning procedures must be performed by either qualified DIGITAL Field Service personnel or professional cleaning service Application of cleaning procedures to the recording surtaces by unqualified personnel may void not only the warranty on the serviced cartridge but the warranty for any drive on which the cartridge is operated 3 4 3 User Cartridge Cleaning The user should clean the outer sides of a completely assembled cartridge by using a lint free wiper dampened with a solution of 9 percent water and 91 percent isopropyl alcohol However the cartridge must not be saturated and all excess solvent must be removed with a dry wiper This procedure is necessary 10 prevent solvent from entering the seams of the assembly and contaminating the platter CAUTION For cleaning purposes use only a solution of 9 per cent water with 91 percent isopropyl alcohol Water trichloroethylene or other solvents are not permitted 3 4 4 Spindle Asssembly Cleaning Using a lint free wiper dampened with the isopropyl alcohol solution clean the spindle cone prior to loading the cartridge However do not saturate the assembly remove all excess solvent with a dry wiper This procedure is necessary to prevent solvent from entering a loaded cartridge and contaminating the platter In addition ensure that the shroud ts as free of lint and dust as possible before loading a cartridge Dry lint and dust may be blown from the spindle area using fil
25. controller it uses device codes X62X and X63X The specific instructions that cause a response in a controller are shown in Table 5 1 The instructions are used to monitor and control the controller and are not used to transfer data Data is transferred using Direct Memory Access DMA operation via data break cycles on the OMNIBUS The result isanexchange of data between the controller and memory directly one 12 bit word at a time The controller has a silo which can buffer up to 16 words The controller can transfer 12 bit words to the disk as 12 bit words or can transform them into 8 bytes by dropping the high order four bits each word The controller can transfer data coming from the disk onto the OMNIBUS as 12 bit words or it can group the data as 8 bit bytes and fill in the remaining four bits as zeros The advantages and disadvantages of both the 8 bit and 12 bit mode are covered in Paragraph 5 4 Table 5 1 RL8 A Instruction Set OCTAL CODE MNEMONIC FUNCTION 6600 RLDC Clear controller all registers AC and flags Do not use to terminate a disk function 6601 RLSD Skip on function done Then clear if set to a one 6602 RLMA Load break MA register from AC 0 11 6603 RLCA Load command register A AC 0 11 6604 RLCB Load command register from AC 0 11 execute command 6605 RLSA Load sector address register from AC 0 5 6607 RLWC Load word count register from AC 0 11 6610 RRER Read error register into AC 0 1
26. four high order bit positions That is the format used when the computer transfers a 12 bit word from the silo to the CPU accumulator or to memory The 8 bit mode is necessary when performing a Read Header Get Status or Maintenance command where 16 bits of data are read Otherwise information would be lost The 8 bit mode can be used for data on the disk In such a case 256 8 bit bytes are read from each sector and transferred to memory as 8 bit words In some cases this may be an advantage For example 8 bit ASCII data is being handled the 8 bit mode is preferable to 12 bit mode In most cases however the 8 bit mode wastes 33 of the memory space Because the 12 bit mode uses 12 bit words it uses less memory In the 12 bit mode cach sector contains 170 words with only 8 wasted hits at the end of each sector In the 12 bit mode the RL8 A Controller hardware blocks data into 1 70 words per sector The operating system for the PDP 8 uses only 128 words per sector so that while memory is used more efficiently some disk space is wasted 5 4 2 Interrupt The RL8 A will interrupt the processor if the Interrupt Enable bit is set and the controller is done If an error occurs during an operation the done condition is set 5 4 3 Seek Operation If the program does not keep track of the current position of the head cylinder and surface and it 15 desired to read or write from a particular area from the disk it is necessary to Read Header t
27. indicate the command to be executed by the controller disk subsystem Bit 9 Bit 10 Bit 11 Command 0 0 0 Maintenance 0 0 Reset 0 0 Get Status 0 Seek 0 0 Read Header 0 Write Data l 0 Read Data 1 1 Read Data Without Header Check t 5 2 3 Break Memory Address Register The Break Memory Address BRK MA register is a 12 bit register that points to a memory location It is loaded by the RLMA command 6602 The contents of the BRK MA register are automatically incremented as each word is transferred between memory and controller The register is cleared initializing the controller or by loading the register with zeros Figure 5 4 00 01 00 BM 01 5 2 4 Word Count Register w The Word Count WC register is a 12 bit register loaded by the RLWC command 6607 and read by the RRWC command 6611 Before reading or writing data the word counter is loaded with the two s comple ment of the number of words to be transferred As each Direct Memory Address DMA transfer takes place the word counter is incremented and terminates the command on overflow It can count from 1 to 4096 data words This corresponds to 24 sectors while in 12 bit word mode In the 8 bit byte mode the transfer is limited to one sector 170 bytes Figure 5 5 02 03 04 05 03 06 07 08 09 10 11 femos amos mor oue 09 10 CZ 2019 Figure 5 4 Break Memory Address Register WC Register Prog
28. is set and an interrupt made if IE is set 4 3 7 Read Data Function Code 6 When this function is decoded the controller begins reading successive header words and comparing them to the contents of the DA register When a match is found the header CRC is checked and if correct that sector is read and the words are placed in the memory location designated by the BA register Both the BA and MP registers word count in two s complement form are incremented for each word transferred This operation continues until the contents of the MP register is all zeros Data CRC is checked and the DA register is incremented at the end of each sector If the word count has not overflowed the next sector is read Otherwise CRDY is set and an interrupt is made if IE is set 4 3 8 Read Data Without Header Check Function Code 7 When this function is decoded the data portion of the sector following the next sector pulse is read and the words requested are placed in the memory locations designated by the BA register The BA and MP registers word count in two s complement form are incremented for each word transferred The header is neither compared nor checked for CRC errors Data CRC is checked at the end of a sector If the word count has not overflowed the next sector is read Otherwise CRDY is set and an interrupt is made if IE is set NOTE The DA register is not incremented during multisector transfer 4 4 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 4 4 1 In
29. rear of the rack or cabinet in which the drive is mounted and 1 m 36 in at either side Storage space for the RLOI K RLO2K cartridges should also be made available Each cartridge has a diameter of approximately 38 cm 15 in and a height of approximately 6 em 2 5 in CAUTION RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridges must never be stacked on top of each other A designated shelf area or specially designed disk cartridge storage unit is recommended see the DIGITAL Supplies ant Ac cessories Catalog 2 1 1 3 Floor Loading The weight of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive alone is 34 kg 75 Ib which will not place undue stress on most floors However the added weight of the rack or cabinet as well as the number of drives to be installed should be considered in relation to the weight of existing computer systems Possible future expansion should also be a consideration 2 1 1 4 Heat Dissipation The heat dissipation of each RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive is 546 Btu hour maximum The approximate cooling requirements for the entire system can be calculated by multiplying this figure by the number of drives adding the result to the total heat dissipation of the other system components and then adjusting the total figure to compensate for personnel cooling system efficiency etc It is advisable to allow safety margin of at least 25 percent above the maximum estimated requirements 2 1 1 5 Acoustics Most computer sites require at least some degree of acoustical tr
30. se 228 sz se sr ua sura kazoj 2 2 Mofan e cos eee GE ag EET TTTTTE ake e die seem Attitude Mechanical Shock semo ac etm sis titm rp CODES dia obo dde cas are RITE AG Power Lao 15 oe rie SAO DIANA NY eco EO ABB BEDO acp eu RI sere saosin Ee ea tiec Oplional ADDHCA ONS gt ese mie katie lies ee uicem bas kia eeo RED o va som eua aa vn aree e Crack ates a Gioundtig 22252 co ss URTA more or dita 2 7 AGIGABEINO aft USS Ev Se SEGON UR HERS GE XA CEDE 2 8 INSTALLATION GENERAL 1 moo aue ONES ie 552210 CONTROLLER INSTALLATION 210 REVTI CONTROLLER INSTALLATION o cz sce snno no ge sesono tn semajn me asd he Bus Interface Module sm se a paises seme me 6 si aK RSE O ERT Aer BS A air ei i aes o qis WO Moduls nanew ana errat ale mba ata waa RB Module lastaliation as sonata ne 2 Lito dla vilo De JI I I UI i NM 5 te tye te 2 15 15 to 1212 x 3 INK laj lad laj
31. soon as a seek is issued it is possible to issue seeks to additional drives while the first is seeking However no interrupt occurs when the seeks are completed so the transfer command should be issued to the drive requiring the shortest seek as soon as all seeks are issued In this way the drive completing its seek first will immediately perform its transfer and interrupt when done 4 4 4 Data Transfer Data transfer is via DMA facility Sixteen words of FIFO silo buffering are provided for data by the RLI 1 provides 256 words of FIFO RAM buffering and will not start transferring a sector unless the FIFO has enough space to hold the entire sector To do a data transfer the software should perform the following steps Load BA register with address of first memory location to be transferred Load DA register with address of first disk location to be transferred Load WC register with two s complement of number of words to be transferred Issue read data or write data and wait for interrupt or test for ready Check error Other drives could do seeks or data transfers between the issuing of seek and the issuing of the data transters 4 4 5 Recovery of Data with Bad Headers Function 7 read data without header check is provided to allow the recovery of data should headers become unreadable If constant HNF or HCRC errors are encountered on a particular sector so that the data is not recoverable by the stan
32. switch is ON since it contains mechanical memory The LOAD indicator is illuminated whenever The spindle is stopped The read write heads are home The brushes are home The spindle drive motor is not energized 3 2 3 UNIT SELECT Switch with READY Indicator The UNIT SELECT switch is a cam operated switch that is actuated by inserting a numbered cammed button The switch contacts are binary encoded so the drive interface logic recognizes the UNIT SELECT number 0 1 2 or 3 The UNIT SELECT indicator when lit indicates drive READY condition This condition exists when The read write heads loaded The heads are detented on a specific track 3 2 4 FAULT Indicator The FAULT indicator is lit whenever the following fault or error conditions develop in the disk drive Drive Select Error Seek Time Out Error Write Current in Heads During Sector Time Error Loss of System Clock this condition is not latched and not represented in status word Write Protect Error Write Data Error Spin Error NOTE Volume Check does not light the FAULT Indicator but does cause DRIVE ERROR 3 2 5 WRITE PROTECT Switch and Indicator This push on push off switch is used to set the WRITE PROTECT condition if it had been reset or to reset the WRITE PROTECT condition it had set The switch unit contains a light that is on when the WRITE PROTECT condition is set 3 3 OPERATING PROCEDURES This paragraph explains how to loa
33. the same conditions mentioned above 1 3 3 2 Sector Format As shown in Figure 1 3 each sector contains Servo information for head positioning Header address information Data 128 words of 16 bits each or 256 bytes of amp bits each 170 words of 12 bits each Only the data portion of a sector can be written by the user The servo and header information is protected by the drive logic and controller to ensure disk integrity and cannot be written in the field Each sector starts with a sector pulse that is produced by a sector transducer mounted on the drive unit It senses the sector notches that are machined into the hub of the disk cartridge During the time that sector notch passes by the sector transducer the heads detect two servo pulse bursts 51 and S2 that are prerecorded on the platter These servo bursts are used by the drive logic for head positioning Following the servo pulse bursts is the header It consists of preamble of three words 47 0 bits and one 1 bit word that contains the address sector head and cylinder word of all zeroes A word containing information created by the Cyclic Redundaney Check CRC logic A one word postamble of all zeroes Following the header is the user writable data area lt consists of A preamble of three words 47 707 bits and one 1 bit Data 128 words of 16 bits or 256 bytes of 8 bits or 170 words of 12 bits
34. well as any drive on which the cartridge may be operated 2 1 x CHAPTER 4 RLI1 RLVI1 PROGRAMMING INFORMATION 41 GENERAL DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the RLII and Controllers and points any differences 411 Controller Description Ihe Controller consists of a single hex height M7762 module It can be installed in any hex height small peripheral controller SPC slot This controller provides a programmable interface between the PDP ILUNIBUS and the RLO RLO2 Disk Drive s The controller has four addressable registers that are detailed in Paragraph 4 2 The controller can give any one of seven commands to the drive These controller commands are explained in detail in Paragraph 4 3 page 4 2 In addition to the registers and control logic the Controller contains a sixteen word silo buffer Although the buffer is invisible to the programmer its capacity is one of the differences between the and RLVII has a 256 RAM buffer 4 1 2 RLVII Controller Description Controller consists of 2 quad height modules designated M8013 and M8014 This controller provides a programmable interface between the LSI 11 Q Bus and the drive s Like the the RLVII has four addressable registers that are explained in detail in Paragraph 4 2 The RLV11 can give any one of eight commands to the drive RLVI 1 has one command maintenance command that the
35. 0 VOLTS TERMINAL BLOCK COVER AC LINECORD CIRCUIT BREAKER CZ 1056 Figure 2 1 RLOURLO2 Disk Drive Rear View 2 1 3 1 Standard Applications The drive can be shipped from the factory as a free standing unit or mounted in various racks and cabinets refer 10 Paragraph 2 1 2 Options If shipped as a free standing unit the 2 74 m 9 ft ac power cord is terminated with a NEMA type 5 15P plug DIGITAL Part No 90 08938 This plug requires a NEMA type 5 15 receptacle Figure 2 2 2 1 3 2 Optional Applications Operation in the high voltage range 180 256 Vac will require recon figuring the terminal block at the rear of the drive and changing the line cord plug Figure 2 1 In 50 Hz applications the line cord plug must be changed Figure 2 2 to ALL 120 V TABLE TOP COMPUTERS STANDARD POWER 120V LOW CURRENT CONTROLLER HUBBEL DISTRIBUTION 120V 861 f 6266 C 5262 TU10 UNITS MOST NEMA 4 167 5 15R 120V TERMINAL DEVICES DEC 90 08938 12 05351 120 208 30A ALL 120V STANDARD POWER 3 PHASE Y HUBBEL CABINET MOUNTED EOPT CONTROLLER 2611 2610 861C NEMA L5 30P G L5 30R DEC 12 11193 12 11194 120 208 240V 20 G 2 PHASE or 120V PDP 11 45 PRO pen LN 120 208V HUBBEL CESSOR CABINET ONLY 861 A 20A 2411 w 3 PHASE Y NEMA 4 L14 20P L14 20R Y DEC 12 110465 G Y x 120 208V 20A 3PHASE HUBBEL 2511 4 L21 20P W 121 208 z 60 Hz RM 10 DRUM 60 Hz RPO2 RPO3
36. 2 10 11 Table 5 1 RL8 A Instruction Set Cont er OCTAL CODE MNEMONIC FUNCTION 6611 RRWC Read word count register into AC 0 11 6612 RRCA Read command register into AC 0 11 6613 RRCB Read command register into AC 0 11 6614 RRSA Read sector address register into AC 0 5 6615 RRSI Read silo word into AC 0 11 6617 RLSE Skip on composite error then clear if set to a one Alternate device code 62 and 63 The RL8 A Controller is capable of performing eight operations These are listed briefly in Table 5 2 and detailed in Paragraph 5 3 Table 5 2 RL8 A Controller Commands Function Code Operation Maintenance Reset Get Status Seek Read Header Write Data Read Data Read Data Without Header Check Errors and error recovery are covered in Paragraph 5 5 5 2 ADDRESSABLE REGISTERS 5 2 1 Command Register Command Register A is a 12 bit register used during the Seek Read Data and Write Data commands The register is loaded by an RLCA 6603 command and may be read by an RRCA command 6612 Initialize from the bus will clear this register and the other addressable registers 5 2 1 1 Command Register A During a Seek Command To perform a Seek function it is necessary to provide cylinder address difference head select and head direction information to the selected drive as indicated Figure 5 1 Bit ACO ACI AC2 AC3 11 Figure 5 1 Name Di
37. 2 Disk Drive Operational Specifications Specifications Linear bit density 147 bits mm 3725 bits in at innermost track 16 bit words per sector 128 Number of sectors per track 40 Track density 4 9 mm 125 in for RLOIK 9 8 mm 250 in for RLO2K Number of tracks per surface 256 for RLOIK 512 for RLO2K Number of surfaces 2 Formatted capacity megabytes 5 2 for RLOIK 10 4 for RLO2K Encoding method Modified Frequency Modulation MFM Bit rate 4 1 megabits second 1 percent Bit cell width 244 ns 1 percent Word transfer rate 16 bit words 256 kilowords second percent Rotational frequency 2400 rev min 0 25 Average latency 12 5 ms 0 25 Maximum latency 25 0 ms 0 25 Average seek time 55 ms 85 tracks for 170 tracks RLO2 One cylinder track seek time 15 ms max Maximum seek time 100 ms max 256 tracks for RLOI 512 tracks for RLO2 Start time 45 seconds Stop time 30 seconds Refer to Figure 1 3 Table 1 4 RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridge Specifications Characteristics Specifications The cartridge will operate over a temperature range of 4 C to 48 C 40 F to 120 F at a relative humidity of 8 to 80 percent The wet bulb reading must be less than 25 C 787 F Before a cartridge is placed in operation it should be conditioned within its cover for a minimum of 2 hours in the same environ ment as that in which the disk drive 15 operating The above specifi
38. 7C 96 F 2 1 1 9 Power and Safety Precautions The RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem presents no unusual fire or safety hazards to an existing computer system AC power wiring should be checked carefully however to ensure that ils capacity is adequate for the added load as well as for any possible expansion The RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive is UL listed and CSA certified 2 1 1 10 Radiated Emissions Any source of electromagnetic interference EMI that 15 near the computer system may affect the operation of the processor and its related peripheral equipment Common EMI sources that are known causes of failures include Thunderstorms Broadcast stations Radar Mobile communications High voltage power lines Power tools Arc welders Vehicle ignition systems Static electricity The effect of radiated EMI emissions on a computer system is unpredictable Thus grounding plays an important role in protecting the circuits used in disk drive subsystems To help reduce the effects of known high intensity EMI emissions perform the following actions Ground window screens and other large metal surfaces Ensure that the overall computer system is grounded properly refer to Paragraph 2 1 5 Grounding Requirements Provide proper storage metal cabinets with doors for disk cartridges to lo 2 1 1 11 Attitude Mechanical Shock Performance of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem will not be affected by an attitude where max
39. 95 percent noncondensing Altitude Operating 2440 m 8 000 ft max Nonoperating 9144 m 30 000 ft max Shock Operating Half sine shock pulse of 10 gravity peak of 10 3 ms duration applied once in either direction of three orthagonal axes 3 pulses total Nonoperating Half sine shock pulses of 40 gravity peak of 30 10 ms duration perpendicular to each of six package surfaces Vibration Operating Sinusoidal vibration sweep rate octave min 5 50 Hz 0 002 in displacement amplitude 50 500 Hz 0 25 gravity peak 500 50 Hz 0 25 gravity peak 50 5 Hz 0 002 in displacement amplitude Nonoperating Vertical Axis Excitation 1 40 gravity rms overall from 10 to 300 Hz power spectral density of 0 029 g Hz from 10 to 50 Hz with 8 dB octave rolloff from 50 to 300 Hz Longitudinal and Lateral Axis Excitation 0 68 gravity rms overall from 10 to 200 Hz power spectral density of 0 007 g Hz from 10 to 50 Hz with 8 dB octave rolloff from 50 to 200 Hz EMI Meets DEC Standard 102 7 Dust The drive will operate in an ambient atmosphere of less than 5 million particles 0 5 microns or larger per cubic foot of air The drive is intended to run in a light industry or cleaner environment Attitude Maximum pitch 15 degrees Maximum roll 15 degrees 1 10 Characteristics General Transfer Rate Unbuffered Values Latency Seek Time Start Stop Time Data Format Table 1 3 RLOI RLO
40. AD SWITCH AND INDICATOR UNIT SELECT PLUG AND READY INDICATOR FAULT INDICATOR WRITE PROTECT SWITCH AND INDICATOR C2 1005 Figure 3 1 RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Front View 1 0 CABLE eie CABLE IN NORMAL LOW LINE VOLTAGE TERMINAL BLOCK COVER zs 2 x 110 220 VOLTS TERMINAL BLOCK COVER AC LINEC CIRCUIT BREAKER CABLE OUT ORD 2 1056 2 RLOURLO2 Disk Drive Rear View wr Figure 3 2 3 2 1 Power ON OFF Circuit Breaker When the power plug is inserted into the proper ac outlet ac power is applied to the rear panel circuit breaker on the drive When the circuit breaker is switched ON ac power is applied to the drive and the fan is energized 3 2 2 Run Stop Switch with LOAD Indicator This push on push off switch when pressed in energizes the spindle motor providing the following conditions have been met The RLOIK RLO2K cartridge has been installed The cartridge protective cover is in place and the cartridge access door is closed All ac and de voltages are within specifications The read write heads are home retracted The brushes are home When this switch is released the spindle drive motor is deenergized if the read write heads are not loaded If the heads are loaded they are immediately retracted and the spindle drive motor is then deenergized In the event of main power interrupt and subsequent power restoration the drive will cycle up if the
41. CHE AK FI20A MC PAPER TAPE AK FI21A MC PAPER TAPE 2 AF F123A MO DECO AC FI27A MC CZRLKAO PERFORMANCE EXERCISER DOCUMENTATION AH F126A MC FICHE AK FI24A MC PAPER TAPE 1 AK FI25A MC PAPER TAPE 72 AF FI27A MO DECO AC F131 A MC CZRLLAO DRIVE COMPATIBILITY TEST DOCUMENTATION AH F130A MC FICHE AK FI28A MC PAPER TAPE 1 AK FI29A MC PAPER TAPE 2 AF F131A MO DECO AC F135A MC CZRLMAU BAD SECTOR FILE UTILITY DOCUMENTATION AH F134A MC FICHE AK FI32A MC PAPER TAPE AK F133A MC PAPER TAPE 2 AF F135A MO DECO In addition to the free standing diagnostics there is DECXII module for use with the DECXII System Exerciser The current revision is designated and is in DECX I Option Library 5 DXQLO Revision RLAA will operate an RLOI drive only Revision B RLAB will operate either an RLOI or an RLOJ There is also an RL subsystem driver for the Maintenance Program Generator MPG The binary form of the diagnostics is included as part of NNDP This makes them available on media for the RK06 RK07 DECtape magnetic tape and DECassette The use of XNDP 11 and MPG is explained in the manuals listed in Table 2 7 Table 2 7 User Documents PART NUMBER PART NUMBER HARD COPY MICROFICHE NAME AC 90931 MC EPDZQXA MD CZQXAW USER GUIDE a AC 82407 MC AH 8242Z MC CXQBAZ0 USER DOCUMENT AC 16JC MC EP DTUMA C D CTUMACO M P G USER MANUAL 2 8 2 RL
42. DRESS 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 WORD 2 CYLINDER ADDRESS WORD 3 WORD 4 WORD 5 HEADER CRC WORD 6 HEADER CRC C2 2025 Figure 5 11 Register Summary Cont Sheet 3 of 3 5 3 CONTROLLER COMMANDS The RL8 A Controller is capable of performing eight operations by responding to the function code in the low order three bits of Command Register B In many cases it is necessary to load other registers prior to loading the function code into Command Register No registers should be loaded unless the controller is ready This condition can be checked by using an appropriate IOT instruction that checks the function done status or by using the interrupt mode 5 3 1 Maintenance Command This command tests the controller by causing it to perform the following tasks he controller requests a data word trom memory via the OMNIBUS using the Break Memory Address BRK MA register as an address When the controller receives this word the BRK MA and the Word Count WC register are both incremented The data word is bubbled through the silo serialized and transferred in amp bit mode through the CRC generating logic where two more amp bit bytes are appended This 24 bit data stream goes through the write data precompensation logic and then is looped back and brought in as it were read data from the drive The data passes through the phase locked loop and data separator logic and into the silo where is converte
43. ECXS System Exerciser They are available in kit form Table 2 11 or as individual components Table 2 12 The Diskless Controller Test AJRLACO is simply Revision C of the RLOI test and can test subsystem with either RLOI or RLO2 units The other diagnostics test RLO2 based systems only Table 2 11 RLS RL02 Diagnostic Kits PART NUMBER CONTENTS ZF24I RZ DOCUMENTATION 7F241 RB DOCUMENTATION AND PAPER TAPE ZF241 PB PAPER TAPE ZF241 FR FICHE ZF241 PH RLO2 ZF241 RH RLO2 AND DOCUMENTATION Table 2 1 RL8 RL02 Diagnostic Components PART NUMBER ITEM AC C656C MA AJRLACO RL8A DISKLESS CONTROL TEST DOCUMENTATION AH C657C MA FICHE AK C658C MA PAPER TAPE AL C659C NA DEC TAPE AC F362A MA AJRLHAO RLS RLO2 SEEK FUNCTION DOCUMENTATION AK F363A MA PAPER TAPE AH F364A MA FICHE AL F365A MA DEC TAPE AF F362A MO DECO DEPO AC F366A MA AJRLIAO RLS RLO2 READ WRITE DOCUMENTATION AK F367A MA PAPER TAPE AH F368A MA FICHE AL F369A MA DEC TAPE AF F366A MO DECO DEPO AC F370A MA AJRLJAO RLS RLO2 DRIVE COMPAT DOCUMENTATION AK F371A MA PAPER TAPE AH F372A MA FICHE AL F373A MA DEC TAPE AF F370A MO DECO DEPO AC F374A MA AJRLKAO RLS RLO2 PERF EXER DOCUMENTATION AK F375A MA PAPER TAPE AH F376A MA FICHE AL F377A MA DEC TAPE AF F374A MO DEPO DECO AC F378A MA AJRLLAO RL8 RLO2 PACK VERIFY DOCUMENTATION AK F379A MA PAPER TAPE AH F380A MA FICHE AL F381A MA DEC TAPE AF F378A MO DECO DEPO AC F382A MA AXRLBAO DEC X8 MOD RLS RLO2 D
44. G OR WRITING DATA COMMANDS 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 04 02 01 ee ee TT TT T T D Te TT Tn CZ 2011 Figure 4 9 Register Summary Sheet of 2 4 10 DAR DURING GET STATUS 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CZ 2037 MPR AFTER GET STATUS COMMAND 14 13 12 11 10 15 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 C2 2012 MPR AFTER READ HEADER COMMAND 14 11 07 06 05 04 15 13 12 10 09 08 03 02 1 00 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 ZEROES CRC CZ 2013 MPR DURING READ WRITE COMMANDS FOR WORD COUNT 15 14 12 1 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CZ 2036 13 Figure 4 9 Register Summary Sheet 2 of 2 4 4 CONTROLLER COMMANDS The Controller can give one of seven commands to the drive while the RE VII can issue one of eight commands Table 4 2 lists the commands Each command is explained in the following paragraphs Table 4 2 RLIVRLVII Controller Commands Function Code Command 0 No Op RLIT or Maint 1 Write Check 2 Get Status 3 Seek 4 Read Header 5 Write Data 6 Read Data Read Data Without Header Check 4 3 1 No Op or Maintenance RL VII Function Code 0 The RLI performs no operation aside from clearing errors except DE setting CRDY and interrupting if IE is set The maintenance command is used during diskless diagnostic routine to detect controller malfunc tions or to establish a lev
45. KER OR CUT OFF CONTACTOR PHASE A o 208v PHASE 8 MAIN SUPPLY TRANSFORMER ONLY SECONDARY SHOWN 208v 208V PHASE C LO NEUTRAL FRAME GROUND NOTES A THE NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR SHOULD BE GROUNDED AT THE MAINS TO SINGLE PHASE LOADS TO THREE SUPPLY TRANSFORMER TYPICAL PHASE LOADS TYPICALI AND IF REQUIRED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES AT THE DISTRIBUTION PANEL AND ELSEWHERE THE FRAME GROUND CONDUCTOR MAY CONSIST OF ELECTRICAL METALLIC CONDUIT OR RACEWAY IF APPROVED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES Figure 2 5 Typical 60 Hz Power System Figure 2 6 shows a typical 50 Hz power system Two types of power systems can be used to provide power to the NEMA type L14 20R receptacle The type shown in Figure 2 7 is referred to as split phase or 2 phase 180 displaced 120 240 Vac It comprises a center tapped transformer with 120 Vac between the center tap and either of the two legs 240 Vac exists between the two outside legs The second type Figure 2 8 is referred to as 3 phase Y 120 displaced 120 280 Vac The 120 Vac exists between neutral and any of the three other legs X or Z and 208 Vac exists between any two of the outer legs 1 between X and X and Z or Y and Z Although Figure 2 8 shows the X and Y connections as the two phases used for the receptacle any two of the three phases shown can be used The ground terminal on the L14 ZOR receptacle will normally have a green screw the ne
46. N wth 1 i LI o 02 12 to 01212 1 FIGURES CONT Typical 60 Hz Power System A 2 9 Typreal 39 SYNE siam marea tatit cata we cca 2 10 Split Phase 2 Phase Power System os se os cresi sa ss si su SS mma sm r Tree Phase Y Power s aea sta we Era E wuts A ie 2 10 Compouestt sexos Se e sex ZD Base and Vector Address Jumper 2 13 RENI Priority Jumper Assembly Connections 2 14 KILI sa kommt unn Re AMOS Gas ago Desine Bus Interface Module M8014 Component Side 2 17 Address Switch Settings s oie eze eee ve mmm memet va ae al REV UT Neetor Address Switch es memet rie nnmis meh 8 Drive Module MS80L3 es emer oe mma uua xie se aye H9273 Backplane Grant PHONY SCURE 2522 a cesia ss cates ees 2719 RESA sume om ore I GVIDOS NESCIT LNA IV 22 HOSO Shippiag Daeksp o axe INKA NISA DK
47. Next the diagnostics should be run to demonstrate that the subsystem is functioning properly orto diagnose any problems Paragraph 2 4 explains the installation of the Controller Paragraph 2 5 deals with the RLV11 and Paragraph 2 6 describes RLSA installation Paragraph 2 7 contains instructions to install the unit and Paragraph 2 8 explains acceptance testing and contains separate paragraphs for each of the three controllers Paragraph 2 9 describes the use of the M9312 bootstrap module that may be used on RLI 1 based systems 2 4 RLII CONTROLLER INSTALLATION The Controller M7762 is a single hex height module that is installed in a hex height SPC slot Connector JI connects the controller to the drive bus Figure 2 9 2 10 Vee Ot the 21 jumpers on the RLI Controller five are used for factory test purposes The remaining 16 are for address selection WI W6 VECTOR ADDRESS 160 W7 W16 BASE ADDRESS 774400 NOTE A logical one is represented by the presence of a jumper wire The Unibus priority plug sets the priority for bus requests For the RLI subsystem bus requests are al priority level 5 5 5 See Figures 2 10 and 2 11 NOTE Adjustments on the are preset at the factory and are not to be changed in the field VECTOR ADDRESS SCHEME 0 0 0 217 216 215 214 213 212 911 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 2 0 1 1 1
48. O2 subsystem All can handle up to four drives and all feature Direct Memory Access DMA operation 1 3 2 1 Controller Description The Controller consists of a single hex height Small Peripheral Controller SPC module designated M7762 It is used to interface the drive with the 11 Unibus The data is formatted in 16 bit words This controller can handle any combination of up to four RLOI and or RLO2 Drives 1 3 2 2 Controller Description RLVII Controller consists of two quad height modules designated M8013 and M8014 This controller interfaces the drive with the LSI 11 Bus The data is formatted in 16 bit words This controller can handle any combination of up to four RLOI and or RLO2 Drives 1 3 2 3 RL8A Controller Description The RL8A Controller consists of a single hex height module designated M8433 It is used to interface the drive with the PDP 8 Omnibus The data be formatted in either 8 bit bytes or 12 bit words This controller has a jumper determined choice of handling RLOI or RLO2 Drives However in the RLO2 jumpered configuration it can handle any combination of up to four RLOI and or RLO2 Drives 1 3 3 RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridge The RLOIK or RLO2K is a removable top loading 5440 1ype disk cartridge that is formatted in a manner unique to the RLOI RLO2 subsystem Both cartridges contain a single platter The RLOIK cartridge has capacity of 5 2 megabytes of user data an
49. OCUMENTATION PAPER TAPE FICHE DECO DEPO AK F383A MA AH F384A MA AF F382A MO 2 9 USE OF THE M9312 BOOTSTRAP WITH AN RLII SUBSYSTEM The M9312 module is used on many PDP 11 Unibus systems to provide bootstrap capability as well as other functions The module has five IC sockets for ROM chips four of which are reserved for peripheral bootstrap programs There are several ROM chips available for the different peripheral devices and an M9312 is configured by selecting the appropriate chips for the particular system on which it is used The RL subsystem bootstrap program is contained in ROM chip number 23 751 A9 This chip can be ordered individually and is also available in kit I E A which consists of an M9312 module plus all the available ROM chips RL system disk can be booted by command to the console emulator program that is feature of the M9312 The device mnemonic for the RLII is DL or DEn where n is the unit number 0 through 3 More information on the M9312 is available in the M93 2 Technical Manual I is available in printed form EK M9312 TM or on microfiche 9312 lo Laj CHAPTER 3 OPERATOR S GUIDE 31 INTRODUCTION This chapter describes the function of all external controls available to the user of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive and explains how to operate the subsystem 3 2 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS Figures 3 and 3 2 show all the drive controls and indicators LO
50. Table 1 2 RLOURLEO2 Disk Drive Physical and Ensironmental Specifications Specifications Compatible with 19 inch RETMA rack 63 5 em 25 in behind bezel 26 52 em 10 44 in 34 ke 75 Ib The drive mounts on chassis slides 90 127 Vac 47 5 63 H2 180 256 Vac 47 5 63 Hz Manually selectable 160 W max at 115 Vac 60 Hz Greater than 0 85 3 5A rms max 90 Vac 47 5 63 Hz 5 0A rms max 127 Vac 47 5 63 Hz L 78A rms max 180 Vac 47 5 63 Hz 2 5A rms max 254 Vac 47 5 63 Hz 546 Btu hr max A molded line cord compatible with the drive operating voltage and the 861 power control for 120 Vac is attached the drive The power cord is 2 74 9 ft long and the plug is NEMA 5 15 The 230 Vac plug to be attached to high voltage drives is NEMA 6 15P The RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive is UL listed and CSA certified Interloeks are used where potential exists for damage to drive media operators service personne Table 1 2 RLOI RL02 Disk Drive Physical and Environmental Specifications Cont Characteristics T Specifications Temperature Humidity Operating Temperature 107 50 F to 40 104 F Derate temperature at 1 8 C 1000 meters 1 F 1000 feet Relative Humidity 10 to 90 percent with maximum wet bulb temperature 287 82 F and minimum dew point 2 36 F Nonoperating Temperature 40 C 40 F 66 C 151 F Relative Humidity 10 to
51. VII Based Diagnostics The RLVII Controller based subsystem is tested with the same set of diagnostics as the Controller subsystem with the following exception The RLVII has an internal maintenance feature that is not tested by the diagnosties so there is one additional diagnostic program called the CRVLAAO Diskless Test It should be run first The diagnostic kit includes the same items as the RLI I diagnostic kit plus the CVRLAAO test The RLVIT kit designations are shown in Table 2 8 Table 2 8 RLVII Diagnostic Designations DESIGNATION CONTENTS ZJ285 RB Documentation and Paper Tape ZJ285 RZ Documentation Only ZJ285 PB Paper Tape Only ZJ285 FR Microfiche Only The DECXI module is the same one used for the RLIT 2 8 3 RL8A Based Diagnostics There are six free standing diagnostic programs for the RLS RLOI system There is also a DECX8 module for use with the DECXS system exerciser These diagnostics are available in a kit see Table 2 9 or as individual components see Table 2 10 and are for use with RLOI only Table 2 9 RL8 RLOI Diagnostic Kits PART NUMBER CONTENTS ZB233 RB Documentation and Paper Tape ZB233 RZ Documentation Only ZB233 PB Paper Tape Only ZB233 FR Microfiche Table 2 10 RLS RLOI Diagnostic Components PART NUMBER DESIGNATION AC CO36A MA MRLAAO RLSA DISKLESS CONTROL TEST DOC AH C657A MA AJRLAAO RLSA DISKLESS CONTROL TEST FICHE AK COSSA MA AJRLAAO
52. a UNIBUS system for the best priority assignments two characteristics of a peri pheral option must be taken into consideration These are the peak word transfer rate and the TI time TI time is a function of the peak transfer rate and the silo size The RL II has a peak transfer rate of 256 kHz 3 9 microseconds word and a TI time of 62 4 microseconds This dictates its position in the priority scheme The recommended priority scheme is listed below CPU Memory RKII RKOS TMI1 TUIO TC11 TUS6 RLII RLOI RLO2 RJSO4 RM02 RJPO4 RK611 RK06 RKO7 RPI IC RPO3 RJSO3 TJUI6 RFII RSI1 Other general configuration rules are e On a 11 UNIBUS a combination of two disk subsystems and tape or floppy disk subsystem is considered maximum e On a PDP 11 70 system one UNIBUS disk subsystem is considered maximum if there are MASSBUS disks e A disk subsystem should not be installed bevond a bus expander digiltial No Postage Necessary if Mailed in the United States BUSINESS REPLY FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO 33 POSTAGE WILL BE PAID Digital Equipment Corporation 301 Rockrimmon Boulevard South Colorado Springs Colorado 80919 Educational Services Development and Publishing ADDRE SSEE
53. al characteristics the operator should ensure each drive contains the correct type of cartridge 5 4 6 2 RL8 A RLII RLVII RLOIK cartridges are interchangeable with other RLOIK cartridges as suming that the RL8 A has written the cartridges in 8 bit mode RLO2K cartridges are interchangeable with other RLO2K cartridges under the same condition 5 4 7 Use of Two 8 Controllers A PDP 8 system can be configured with two RL8 A Controllers to increase the capacity of the system up to eight drives However if both controllers are trying to perform data transfers at the same time the throughput capacity of the Omnibus may be exceeded In this case conflicts DET s will occur 5 5 ERROR RECOVERY There are several errors that can be detected and flagged in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem Some of them are considered recoverable In this case if the operation is retried it is possible that the error will not recur and use of the subsystem can continue Some of the errors are considered fatal however because retries may cause damage to the data media or equipment The errors are listed with the recommend reaction in Table 5 3 Table 5 3 Errors Controller Errors Recommended Reaction OPI Retry some practical number of times DCRC HCRC Retry Be sure to record the contents of the DA register DLT HNF Retry If an error perform a Read Header and verify cylinder Drive Error Perform a Get Status and check the bits listed below
54. based on the RLOI K RLO2K disk cartridges the RLOI RLO2 drive unit s and an appropriate controller such as the PDP 11 LSI 11 or RL8A PDP 8 The basic subsystem is illustrated in Figure 1 1 CONTROL UNIT RL11 RLV11 RL8A CU DRIVE INTERFACE DRIVE 0 READ DATA STATUS SECTOR PULSES DRIVE 1 UNIBUS e GET STATUS OMNIBUS Q BUS IE DRIVE 2 WRITE DATA CZ 1007 Figure 1 1 Typical RLOI RLOJ Mass Storage Subsystem Configuration 1 3 1 RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive The RLO1 RLO2 drive unit is built into a chassis that slides out of the cabinet to allow the operator access to the top cover for loading and unloading of the disk cartridge If the stops on the slide are manually released the chassis can be pulled farther out so that the rear top cover can be removed for servicing The front panel contains operator controls and indicators The chassis contains a spindle two read write heads mounted on a positioner logic modules a power supply with an ac power cord and circuit breaker a closed loop clean air system a cooling air system appropriate safety interlocks and connectors for the I O cable s The drive unit is shown in Figure 1 2 RLO2 drive unit has a label reading RLO2 on the front panel The RLOI drive currently does not have a label identifying it as an 1 3 2 RL Controllers There are three controllers available for the RLO1 RL
55. d a cartridge into a disk drive and how to cycle up the drive to put the subsystem on line The cycle up procedure assumes that ac power is available the drive ac circuit breaker is on muffin fan is energized system power is on and the LOAD indicator on the drive control panel is on 3 51 Cartridge Loading and Drive Startup Procedure l Raise the drive access cover to Prepare a cartridge Figure 3 3 for loading as follows Lift the cartridge by grasping the top cover handle with the right hand b Support the cartridge with the left hand holding the protection cover c Lower the top cover handle and push the handle slide to the left with the thumb of the right hand Again raise the handle to its full upright position to release the protection cover 3 3 2 to d Lift the cartridge from the protection cover and carefully seat the cartridge on the spindle with Y 4 the top cover handle recess facing the rear of the machine e Carefully rotate the top cover handle back and forth to ensure that the spindle locating arms are seated properly within the cartridge housing detent slots CAUTION Use care when seating the cartridge on the drive spindle Rough handling of the cartridge may cause damage to the spindie cartridge interface which in turn can cause excessive cartridge runout and pos itioning errors f Gently lower the top cover handle to horizontal position to engage the cartridge on the drive spindle g Plac
56. d back to parallel eight bits per word and bubbles up through the silo to be available to the OMNIBUS The controller requests three memory accesses and transfers the three words back to memory using the BRK MA register as pointer The MA register and WC register are incremented for each transfer The words are now available for the program to check for diagnostic purposes The above processes repeat and the cycle continues until the WC register equals zero Prior to starting this command is necessary to set up some registers as shown below The BRK MA register should be loaded with the address of the first word of data to be transferred to the controller The next three words of memory will receive three words of data from the controller The WC register should be loaded with the desired count in two s complement form A complete evele takes four counts The Command Register B should be loaded with 10X0 or 14X0 This sets the mode bit to indicate 8 bit mode The maintenance bit is a zero The function code is 000 The remaining bits are irrelevant 5 3 2 Reset Command This command is used to reset all of the error bits in the selected drive unit It does not reset any conditions in the controller nor does it cause any head movement in the drive Prior to executing this command the Sector Address Register and Command Register A must be cleared by using appropriate IOT instructions 5 3 3 Get Status Command Th
57. d the RLO2K cartridge will hold 10 4 megabytes of data Both sides of the platter are used for data There are 256 tracks on each RLOIK platter surface and 512 tracks on each RLO2K platter surface Each track is divided into 40 sectors Each sector contains 256 bytes of data The last track of the last surface is reserved for the cartridge serial number and bad sector information Head positioning servo information and header information are prerecorded at the factory and cannot be reformatted in the field This information along with the data is read by the read write heads but the internal logic of the drive unit protects the servo and header information from being overwritten MA 0592 Figure 1 2 RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive 1 3 3 1 Interchangeability The RLOIK and RLO2K Disk Cartridges are not functionally interchangeable although they are physically interchangeable It is possible to mount an RLOIK cartridge on an RLO2 drive for example but proper operation will not occur An RLOIK cartridge written on an unit can be read on any other RLOJ unit even if that unit is controlled by a different type of controller The only limitation to this interchangeability is that if an RLSA controller is used to write data and the cartridge 15 to be used on a drive controlled by an or an controller the RLSA must use an 8 bit byte mode of operation An RLO2K cartridge written on an RLO2 unit can be read on any other RLO2 unit assuming
58. dard read command proceed as follows Perform successive read header commands until the sector preceding the bad sector is found Then within 300 microseconds issue a read data without header check The data portion of the next sector will be read without either header compare or header CRC check Data CRC errors will be reported 4 4 6 Non interchangeability of RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridges These two types of cartridges are not functionally interchangeable but a cartridge will physically fit into the wrong type of drive If a cartridge is loaded into the wrong drive no damage will occur to the drive media or data but the software will not run normally If such symptoms are exhibited the operator should check for the proper cartridge type 4 15 4 5 ERROR RECOVERY There are several errors that can be detected and flagged in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem Some of them can be considered recoverable in the sense that if the operation is retried it is possible that the error will not recur and successful use of the subsystem can continue Some of the errors are considered fatal because retries could damage the data media or equipment The errors are listed with the recommended reaction in Table 4 3 The nature of these errors should be considered when determining how many times to retry the operation before declaring that retrying has reached a practical limit For instance a DLT error could be caused by a hardware system failure but it could also be
59. de interrupt enable bit optional drive select bits extended memory address bits and the Write Data function code The Write Data command will then read headers and perform header checks unul the desired header ts located After the header is checked the data is transferred The header check includes header CRC check There is no implicit seek performed so if the selected head is not positioned over the desired track the desired header will not be found and an OPI error will occur If only a partial sector ts written the remainder of the sector is written with all zeros A CRC word 16 bits is generated and written for each sector automatically Since the word count is limited to 4096 this means that the maximum amount of data that can be written with one Write Data command is 16 sectors in 8 bit mode If 12 bit mode is used maximum of 170 words one sector can be transferred The hardware will not perform a spiral mid transter seek Therefore if data must be written that would overflow to the next track it is necessary to write the data to the end of the track seek to the next track and then continue to write the remainder of the data A An 5 3 7 Read Data Command The Read Data Command will cause the controller to read data from the selected drive It will read from the track that is currently under the selected head starting at the specified sector The data is transferred through the controller silo buffer The controller req
60. dress of one of the 40 sectors on a track SA 05 00 6 Head Select HS Indicates which head disk surface is to be selected A one indicates the lower head a zero the upper head 7 15 Cylinder Address Address of the cylinders being accessed Range is 0 through 777 octal 08 00 4 2 3 3 DA Register During a Get Status Command Get Status command the DA register bits must be programmed as follows Figure 4 5 DAR DURING GET STATUS COMMAND 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 C2 2037 Figure 4 5 DAR Get Status Command Bit s Name Function 0 Must be a I Get Status GS Must be a 1 indicating to the drive that the status word is being requested At the completion of the Get Status command the drive status word is read into the controller Multipurpose MP register see Paragraph 4 2 4 With this bit set the drive ignores bits 8 15 2 Must be 0 3 Reset RST When this bit is set the drive clears its error register before sending a status word to the controller 4 7 Must 0 8 15 Not used during Get Status 4 2 4 Multipurpose Register The multipurpose MP register is a 16 bit register with an address of 744406 This register has several different bit meanings as explained below 4 2 4 1 MP Register After a Get Status Command When Get Status command Figure 4 6 is executed the status word ts returned to the controller and transferred to the MP register
61. e Get Status command reads the 16 bit status word from the selected drive and transfers it into two 8 bit bytes In two consecutive words in the silo The computer can then extract them with two IOT RRSI instructions The format of the bits are shown in Paragraph 5 2 7 1 Prior to performing Get Status command it is necessary to clear both the Sector Address Register and Command Register A When Command Register B is loaded with the function code the appropriate drive select bits should be set the interrupt enable bit should be set if desired and the mode bit must be set for 8 bit mode The controller should be ready before performing any of these load register operations but the drive does not have to be ready 5 3 4 Seek Command The Seek command ts used to move the heads on the selected drive or to select the other head Prior to executing the seek command the Sector Address Register should be cleared and Command Register A should be loaded with a direction head select bit and cylinder difference word Command Register B is then loaded with the drive select bits and the seek function code The controller will send a command to the selected drive to cause ILO start a seek operation The controller will become ready and can then perform another command even though the drive is still seeking If the drive attempts to move the head past the innermost or outermost tracks the head will retreat from the guard band and stop at the first even numbe
62. e RKOS cartridge can be reformatted in the field while the RLOI RLO2K cartridges cannot The imbedded servo information and Bad Sector File greatly reduce the need to reformat the cartridge in the field 4 6 6 Seek Interrupt The RKOS will provide two interrupts as the result of a seek operation The first interrupt occurs as soon as the controller has caused the drive to start its movement indicating that the controller is free to handle another function The second interrupt occurs when the drive finishes the seek movement The RLOI RLO2 subsystem does not provide the second interrupt Thus the software must perform the proper monitoring of the drive to determine when the seek has been completed i UM CHAPTER 5 RL8 A PROGRAMMING INFORMATION 51 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The RLS A Controller consists of a single hex height M8433 module It interfaces the PDP S OMNIBUS with the RLO RLO2 Disk Drive bus and contains the control monitor and data handling logic for disk operation The RL8 A can handle up to four drives via a daisy chained O cable A PDP 8 can handle two RL8 A Controllers providing control for up to eight drives The RL amp A has six addressable registers that are detailed in Section 5 2 The PDP 8 computer communicates with the controller by accessing these registers using Input Output Transfer IOT instructions which have a format of 6XXX The device codes X60X and X61X are assigned to the first controller there is a second
63. e Sector Address Register is cleared before any Reset Get Status or Seek command and Control Register A is cleared before any Reset or Get Status command It is possible to test all the bits in the DA register by using selected patterns in Control Register A and the Sector Address Register 5 16 LOADING OF DAR RESET GET STATUS SEEK GET STATUS SEEK MARKER DIRECTION RESET SEEK HEAD SELECT 234 567 8 910 1112 13 14 15 DAR 0123 4 5 12 34567 89 1011 SAR 10 12 34567 89 1011 TRANSFER OF DAR TO SILO SILO 2ND WORD SILO 1ST WORD 9123456789 10 11 0123 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 DAR CZ 2026 Figure 5 12 Maintenance Mode J 5 4 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 5 4 1 8 Mode Versus 12 Bit Mode The disk cartridge is formatted in 8 bit bytes For instance the header contains 16 bit word address another 16 bit word then a 16 bit header The data area is 256 8 bit bytes and the data area CRC is 16 bits None of these areas are evenly divisible by 12 which is the PDP 8 word length Therefore the RL8 A Controller has the capability of operating in either 8 bit mode or 12 bit mode When reading in S bit mode the serial data from the disk is broken into 8 bit bytes and put into the silo with eight bits per word Since the silo is 12 bits wide the data goes into the eight low order bit positions and zeros are put into the remaining
64. e other surface or on the next cylinder it 15 necessary to program a Read Data just to the end of the track The drive must then Seek to the next track and then continue reading data A CRC check is performed on each sector during a Read Data operation 5 3 8 Read Data Without Header Check Command This command is the same as a Read Data command except that no header check is performed The next header read is considered a match so that sector is the first sector read Since no header check takes place the header CRC is not performed 5 3 9 Maintenance Bit The maintenance bit in Command Register B enables a path for the serial information leaving the DA register When this bit is set the data that is going out to the drive is looped back and shifted into the silo The data bubbles through the silo and becomes accessible as two S bit bytes to IOT RRSI instructions The program can then monitor the operation of the DA register which is not a directly addressable register This feature must be used only with Reset Get Status and Seek commands Because the DA register is a 16 bit register the 8 bit mode bit should be set This insures that the contents of the DA register fit into two 8 bit bytes The contents of the DA register and the two silo words are illustrated in Figure 5 12 During the loading of DA register which occurs on every command there is more than one input to some of the bit positions These inputs are ORed together Normally th
65. e the protection cover on top of the cartridge tw h Close the drive access cover Start the drive as follows a Press the run stop switch LOAD indicator b When the drive has completed the drive startup sequence and the read write heads are detented on cylinder 0 the READY indicator on the numbered UNIT SELECT switch will be illuminated c ME write protection is desired press the WRITE PROTECT switch Cartridge Unloading Procedure Power down the drive as follows Press the run stop switch and wait approximately 30 seconds for the LOAD indicator to illuminate b Raise the drive access cover Remove the cartridge as follows a Remove the cartridge protection cover and hold the cover in the left hand b Push the top cover handle slide to the left with the thumb before raising the handle c Raise the top cover handle to a full upright position to release the cartridge from the drive spindle d Carefully lift the cartridge up and of the drive and place it in the protection cover e Lowerthe top cover handle to the horizontal position to lock the protection cover in place 3 4 3 4 OPERATOR MAINTENANCE 3 4 1 Introduction User maintenance procedures are limited to the care and cleaning external of the disk cartridge and the cleaning of the drive spindle assemblies 3 4 2 Professional Cartridge Cleaning Cartridges should be professionally cleaned every six months or whenever practical Complete
66. eatment However the RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem should not contribute unduly to the overall system noise level Ensure that acoustical materials used do not produce or harbor dust 2 1 1 6 Temperature The RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem will operate over a temperature range of 10 C 50 F to 40 C 104 F The maximum temperature gradient is 16 6 30 F per hour The nonoperating temperature range is from 40 C 40 F to 66 C 151 F 2 1 1 7 Relative Humidity Humidity control is important for proper operation of any computer system since static electricity may cause memory errors or even permanent damage to logic components The RLO1 RLO2 Disk Subsystem is designed to operate within a relative humidity range of 10 to 90 percent with a maximum wet bulb temperature of 28 C 82 F and a minimum dew point of 2 C 36 F The nonoperating relative humidity range is from 10 to 95 percent with a maximum wet bulb temperature of 46 115 F 2 1 1 8 Altitude Computer systems operating at high altitudes may have heat dissipation problems Altitude also affects the flving height of read write heads in disk drives The maximum altitude specified for operating the RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem is 2440 M 8000 ft Also the maximum allowable operating temperature is reduced by a factor of 1 8 C per 1000m 1 F per 1000 ft above sea level Thus the maximum allowable operating temperature at 2440 m 8000 ft would be reduced to 36
67. econd two words contain all zeros The last two words contain the header CRC information All six words are readable by the RRSI command 6615 Figure 5 10 5 2 8 Register Summary Figure 5 11 is a bit and function summary of the addressable registers 9 un 00 WORD 1 00 01 02 01 02 03 NOT DEFINED 04 05 0 07 08 09 6 fuse 10 1 CYLINDER SECTOR ADDRESS ADDRESS 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 WORD 2 CYLINDER ADDRESS 10 11 WORD 3 WORD 4 WORD 5 onko WORD 6 Figure 5 10 HEADER CRC HEADER CRC Silo Buffer for Header Words 5 10 2 2025 la 00 01 02 04 07 CYLINDER DIFFERENCE CZ 2016 01 02 03 04 06 07 08 09 10 1 CYLINDER ADDRESS C2 2017 00 01 SELECT CZ 2018 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 1 sw o3 bos famos amos o7 CZ 2019 01 02 03 WC 00 WC 01 WC 02 WC 03 WC 04 WC 05 WC 06 WC 07 WC 08 WC 09 WC 10 WC 11 CZ 2020 Figure 5 11 Register Summary Sheet l of 3 00 01 02 03 04 05 ke SAO2 SA03 SAO4 SAO05 CZ 2021 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 DCRC lon oer NOT DEFINED DRDY HCRC HNF CZ 2022 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 WORD 1 CZ 2023 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 WORD 2 C2 2024 Figure 5 11 Register Summary Cont Sheet 2 of 3 A lo 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 WORD 1 I CYLINDER SECTOR ADDRESS AD
68. ed ranges do not necessarily apply to the disk drive Operating Environment Storage Environment The cartridge should be stored at a temperature between 40 C to 65 C 40 F to 150 with a wet bulb reading not exceeding 29 C 85 For wet bulb temperatures between 0 56 C and 29 C 33 F and 85 F the disk cartridge will withstand a relative humidity of to 80 percent The stray magnetic field intensity shall not exceed 50 Dimensions Cartridge The external diameter of the top cover is 38 35 15 1 in The external diameter of the protection cover is 37 03 em 14 58 in The external height of the cartridge is 6 19 2 44 in Maximum Speed The rotating parts of the disk cartridge are capable of withstanding the effect of stress created while rotating at 2 500 rev min Track Geometry There are 256 discrete concentric tracks per data surface for the RLOIK 512 tracks per data surface for the RLO2K Identification of Data Track Identification Data tracks are numbered by consecutive decimal Data Location numbers 000 255 RLOIK 000 511 RLO2K starting at the outermost data track of each data surface Data Surface Identification The upper data surface is numbered 0 and the lower surface is numbered 1 to correspond with the head numbers Cylinder Address A cylinder is defined s both data tracks on either surface with a common data track identification Data Track Address
69. eek Time Set when the heads do not come on track in the required time during a Seek SKTO command or when ready to read write is Jost while the drive is in position tlock on mode 13 Write Lock WL Set when the drive is write protected 14 Current Head Error Set if write current is detected in the heads when Write Gate is not asserted CHE 15 Write Data Error Set Write Gate is asserted but no transitions are being detected on the Write WDE Data line 4 2 4 2 MP Register After a Read Header Command When a Read Header command is executed the next header will be read and its three words will be stored in the data buffer and transferred to the MP register The first word will contain sector address head select and cylinder address information The second word will contain all zeros The third word will contain the header information three words be read sequentially by the program Figure 4 7 MPR AFTER READ HEADER COMMAND 14 13 12 11 10 09 04 15 08 07 06 05 03 02 01 00 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CZ 2013 Figure 4 7 Three Header Words Bit s Name Function 0 5 SA Sector Address 6 HS Head Select 7 15 Cylinder Address 4 2 4 3 MP Register During Read Write Data Commands Before the reading or writing data the program should load the word count into the MP register in two s complement form The counter is incremented as each word ts transferred Usuall
70. el of confidence in controller operation Prior to issuing the maintenance command buffer area in memory must be set aside for writing and reading of test patterns The controller registers must be loaded by program with the following information BAR with address of first memory buffer location WC register with count of 511 177001 octal DAR with test word CSR with a function code 0 reset bit 7 When the RLVII issues the maintenance command and clears the CRDY bit the OPI timer is started The microsequencer decodes the command and starts maintenance routine Two internal tests are performed and the DAR is incremented after each Then by enabling a DMA transfer to take place between memory and the controller FIFO 256 words are transferred from the memory write test buffer into the FIFO Once the FIFO is full 255 words are transferred into the memory read test buffer previously prepared The DAR is now incremented a third time Throughout MAINT checks are made and if an error occurs the function stops with ERR set The DAR is incremented as the test proceeds This incrementing serves as a trace to determine the failing internal test Next the test word 3 that was initially loaded into the DAR is channeled through the data source selector and into the CRC circuit A CRC word is generated from this test word and sent through the data source selector again This CRC of the test word then passes through the write precompensatio
71. es in the other locations Next the software should load the CSR with drive select bits a negative GO IE bit if desired and a code of 2 in the function bits The controller will now command the selected drive to transfer its status word to the MPR in the controller If the reset bit was set the drive would reset its status register first 4 3 4 Seek Function Code 3 The Seek operation causes the positioner to move either forward or reverse some number of cylinders The software should first verify that the drive is ready to accept a command then load the DAR with the difference word difference between the present position and desired position This word contains the number of cylinders to move bits 15 through 07 the head select bit 04 and the direction bit bit 02 1 forward O reverse Bits 06 05 and 01 must be reset and bit 00 must be set After the DAR is loaded the software should load the CSR with the command word This word should contain the drive select bits the negative GO bit IE bit if desired and a code of 3 in the function bits The controller sends the Seek command to the selected drive causing the drive to start its Seek operation At this time the controller goes ready and interrupts if IE is set The controller is now ready to accept another command to perform another operation on another drive while the Seek is occurring 4 13 If the difference word is large enough that the heads attempt to move pas
72. ess a non existant memory unit software problem A retry may be worthwhile for one time but more than likely it will recur The most important piece of information needed for diagnosis is the contents of the BA register Each of the errors should be given the same type of practical thought when programming error recovery routines Whenever an error occurs the program should log it along with the symptoms such as the contents of the registers the status of the unit and whether or not a retry was successful The more complete the error log the more quickly and accurately the cause can be diagnosed Table 4 3 Errors CONTROLLER BIT IN C S RECOMMENDED REACTION ERROR OPI Retry some practical number of times DCRC HCRC WCE Retry some practical number of times Be sure to record contents of the DA register DLT HNF Retry perform a read header and verify cylinder NXM Retry once Be sure to record the contents of the BA register DRIVE ERROR Perform a Get Status and check bits listed below 4 16 Table 4 3 Errors Cont DRIVE BIT IN STATUS RECOMMENDED REACTION ERROR WORD DSE 8 Retry once before notify ing operator to verify UNIT SELECT plug WGE 10 Retry SPE SKTO 12 Retry Wait for 1 5 sec after Reset CHE 14 Fatal Do not retry WDE 15 Fatal Do not retry 4 6 DIFFERENCE SUMMARY RK05 and RLOI RLO2 This section may be helpful to users who have former
73. ever an error occurs the program should log it along with the contents of the registers the status of the unit and whether or not a retry was successful The more complete the error log the easier it is to diagnose the cause of errors 5 6 DIFFERENCE SUMMARY RK05 AND RLOI RLO2 This section may be helpful to users who have used DIGITAL s RKOS disk cartridge subsystem It points out the differences between programming the RKOS subsystem and programming the RLOI RLO2 subsystem In general the RKOS subsystem provides more hardware support of functions while the RLOI RLO2 subsystem requires that the software provide some of the functionality The major differences are explained below 5 6 4 Spiral Read Write or Mid Transfer Seeks A spiral read write is a transfer of data that continues past the end of a track The RKOS subsystem provides hardware support for this by using the hardware to detect the end of track condition The hardware will cause a mid transter seek to the next track and then restart the read write operation at sector 0 of the next track Note that this seek is either a head switch from the upper surface to the lower surface on the same cylinder with no head positioner movement or a switch from lower surface to upper surface with a positioner movement to the next cylinder The RLOI RLO2 subsystem hardware cannot handle this If a read write operation continues past the 40th sector the sector counter in the DA register advances to 50
74. ged in the field 2 6 2 Module Slot Location The module can be inserted into any unused Omnibus hex height slot between the CPU and the first memory element The controller is connected to the first drive via a BC80J 20 interface cable Connections between drives are made using a 201 70 12122 10 cable 2 6 3 Module Installation Remove the M8433 module see Figure 2 18 and interface cable BC80J 20 from the shipping container and inspect them for physical damage 2 20 FULL TELESCOPE CAP 9905446 2 5 PANEL FOLDER 9905975 CRATING SLAT 7606858 CUSHIONED SHIPPING SKID 11 4979 Figure 2 19 H950 Shipping Package 2 7 2 RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Unit Mounting NOTE If the RLOI RLO2 is to be mounted in an H950 cabinet the shipping brackets must be retained and refitted after installation This is the only way to prevent the drive from sliding while repositioning or moving the H950 cabinet The drive may be shipped in a rack or cabinet as an integral part of a system or may be shipped in a separate container for addition to an existing system 2 If the drive is to be installed an existing rack or cabinet install the chassis slides first as described in Steps 1 i through 6 below Figure 2 20 The procedure tor installing the drive itself begins with Step 7 J Install cabinet stabilizers before mounting the drive to Remove the slides from the disk drive Retain the hardware f
75. gister During a Seek Command To perform a Seek function it is necessary to provide cylinder address difference head select and head directional information to the selected drive as indicated Figure 4 3 DAR DURING SEEK COMMAND 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CZ 2010 Figure 4 3 DAR Seek Command Bits Name Function 0 Must be a 1 Must be a 0 2 Direction DIR This bit indicates the direction in which seek isto take place When the bit is set the heads move toward the spindle to a higher cylinder address When the bit is cleared the heads move away from the spindle to a lower cylinder address The actual distance moved depends on the cylinder address differ ence bits 7 15 3 4 Must be O 4 Head Select HS Indicates which head disk surface is selected A one indicates the lower head a zero the upper head 5 6 Reserved 7 15 Cylinder Address Indicates the number of cylinders the heads are to move on seek Difference DF 08 00 4 2 3 2 DA Register During Read or Write Data Command For a read or write operation the DA register is loaded with the address of the first sector to be transferred As each successive sector is transferred the DA register is automatically incremented Figure 4 4 DAR DURING READING OR WRITING DATA COMMANDS 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 C2 2011 Figure 44 Read Write Data Command Bits Name Function 0 5 Sector Address Ad
76. he silo is empty but the word count has not vet reached zero meaning that the bus request was ignored for too long The OPI bit will not be set This bit will be set during a read when the silo is full meaning that the word being read could not enter the silo and the bus request has been ignored for too long The OPI bit will not be set 4 3 Bits Name Function p Data Late DLT When this bit and OPI are both set 200 ms timeout occurred while the or Header Not controller was searching for the correct sector to read or write no header Found HNF compare HNF KUNO ERROR SUMMARY Bits Error Name 12 11 10 OPI 0 0 Read 0 0 Write Check 0 0 Header CRC 0 Data Late 0 0 Header Not Found 1 0 13 Non Existent This bit is set when the addressed memory does not respond within 10 to 20 Memory NXM microseconds of the beginning of direct memory access DMA data transfer 14 Drive Error DE This bit is tied directly to the DE interface line When set it indicates that the selected drive has flagged an error The source of the error can be determined by executing a Get Status command DE can be cleared by executing a Get Status command with bit 3 of the DA register set 15 Composite Error When set this bit indicates that one or more of the error bits bits 10 14 is set ERR If the IE bit bit 6 of CS is set and an error occurs which sets bit 7 an interrupt will be initiated 4 2 2 Bus Add
77. height modules and therefore require that rows A and B be vacant since some SPC slots use rows A and B for UNIBUS cables or power connectors Some hex height options require standard UNIBUS pinning on rows A and B and some require modified UNIBUS device MUD pinning In the case of the RLI 1 the only connections used rows and B are the 5v and ground Thus these rows can be either standard UNIBUS MUD pinning The early SPCs did not utilize Direct Memory Access DMA data transfers to from memory and therefore those signals were not part of the original SPC pin assignments Some of the newer options such as the do utilize DMA transfers There is new pin assignment called SPC PRIME that includes these signals the isto be used in an older non SPC PRIME slot then it is necessary to ensure that the following signals are wired on the backpane Pin CAI NPG In Pin CBI NPG Out Pin FJ NPR Pin AC LO Pin CUI 15s If the slot has SPC PRIME pinning then another precaution must be taken NPG continuity is maintained across an empty SPC PRIME slot by a backplane jumper from pin CAI to pin This jumper must be removed whenever DMA type option is installed such as and the jumper must be added if the module is removed This consideration is in addition to the normal Bus Grant Continuity card used in row D of all empty SPC slots A 2 SPC CONSIDERATIONS When configuring
78. ide facing the viewer when viewing the component side of the controller as shown in Figure 2 12 Dress the cable as necessary RLV11 BUS INTERFACE MODULE M8014 COMPONENT SIDE 1 VECTOR SWITCH Be ADDRESS SWITCH Figure 2 13 Bus Interface Module M8014 Component Side t 29 LOGIC ELEMENT 1 BASE ADDRESS 215 214 213 21121029 HARDWIRED 100 BINARY VALUE 1 SWITCH NUMBER MSB LSB FOR EACH SET THE CORRESPONDING SWITCH OFF FOR EACH 1 SET THE CORRESPONDING SWITCH ON USE THIS SCHEME TO SELECT THE APPROPRIATE BASE ADDRESS IF A DIFFERENT BASE ADDRESS IS REQUIRED 2 2034 Figure 2 14 RLVII Base Address Switch Settings E22 LOGIC ELEMENT 2 ae 1 VECTOR ADDRESS 0 2 20 HARDWIRED BINARY VALUE 0 O SWITCH NUMBER MSB LSB FOR EACH 0 SET THE CORRESPONDING SWITCH OFF FOR EACH 1 SET THE CORRESPONDING SWITCH USE THIS SCHEME TO SELECT THE APPROPRIATE VECTOR ADDRESS IF A DIFFERENT VECTOR ADDRESS IS REQUIRED 2 2007 Figure 2 15 RELVII Vector Address Switch Settings uw 2 5 2 Drive Module The drive module M8013 contains the circuitry that performs the following major functions Data formatting and error detecting circuits Control microsequencer and timing circuits Drive bus interface An illustration of the component side of M8013 is shown in Figure 2 16
79. ight goes out When the cartridge reaches nominal speed after approximately 30 seconds a brush cycle commences When the brushes have returned home the read write heads will load and approach cylinder 0 When the heads have locked onto cylinder 0 the READY light will illuminate The total time for this process is approximately 45 seconds Press the LOAD switch again The READY light should go off and the read write heads should retract to their home position The spindle should slow down and then come to a complete stop alter about 30 seconds The LOAD light should illuminate when the spindle has stopped If the drive startup operation check detailed above is successfully completed 1 the READY indicator illuminates run the subsystem confidence tests described in Paragraph 2 8 there ts a problem consult the RLO RLO2 Technical Manual 2 8 CONFIDENCE TESTING Confidence testing consists of running the diagnostic programs Each diagnostic has a listing that contains operating instructions Each listing explains system hardware requirements software environment which features are tested and how they are tested program options and how to select them how to interpret printouts error handling device information tables dialogue with the Diagnostic Supervisor and complete operating instructions The listings are available as hard printouts or on microfiche The binary form of the diagnostic programs are available on vari
80. imum pitch and roll do not exceed 15 degrees The subsystem is designed to operate while a half sine shock pulse of 10 gravity peak and 10 3 ms duration is applied once in either direction of three orthagonal axes three pulses total 2 1 2 Options The RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive can be shipped with various controllers tor Unibus Omnibus and LSI 11 Bus computer systems and can be configured tor 115 or 230 operation Table 2 1 shows saleable RLOI RLO2 subsystem options Table 2 2 shows RLOI RLO2 cabinet options Table 2 1 Saleable RLO1 RLO2 Subsystem Options Option Number Description RLOIA unit BC20J cable chassis slide and mounting hardware 2 RLO2 unit BC20J cable chassis slide and mounting hardware RLOI AK RLOI A drive RLOI K DC cartridge RLO2 AK RLO2 A drive RLO2K DC cartridge RLOIK DC RLO Data Cartridge RLO2K DC RLO2 Data Cartridge RL11 AK RLOI AK Controller BCO6R terminator RL211 AK RLO2 AK Controller BCO6R terminator RLVI1 AK RLOI AK RLVII Controller BCO6R terminator RLV21 AK RLO2 AK RLVII Controller BCO6R terminator RLSA AK RLOI AK RL8 A Controller terminator RL28A AK RLO2 AK RL8 A Controller BC80J terminator Table 2 2 Saleable Cabinet Options Includes skins doors covers trim and power controllers Type Volts Dwg Remarks H950 110 H960 BC Includes five 26 67 cm 10 5 in high panels 220 H960
81. inuance of the read write function Note that a head switch from upper to lower surface without a positioner movement to the next cylinder is considered a seek in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem After a head switch the positioner will seek the center of the new track 4 6 2 Implicit Seeks Versus Explicit Seeks The RKOS subsystem can perform either implicit or explicit seeks An explicit seek is a software directed seek operation An implicit seek is a seek initiated by the hardware at the beginning of a read write operation if the desired cylinder address or head address does not coincide with the present position The RLOI RLO2 subsystem hardware does not have this capability The software must ensure that the positioner is over the desired cylinder and the desired head is selected before starting a read write operation 4 6 3 Recalibrate The RKOS subsystem has a return to zero or recalibrate function which causes the positioner to move to cylinder 0 There is no similar function in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem An explicit seek to cylinder zero must be performed If the current cylinder address is not known and the drive is commanded to seek beyond the outer guard band this guard band will be detected and the head will retreat to cylinder zero 447 4 6 4 Bad Sector File There is a bad sector tile feature on each RLOI RLO2 Disk Cartridge Its use is explained in Paragraph 1 6 There is no standard Bad Sector File used with the RKOS 4 6 5 Reformatting Th
82. ister that contains the mode drive number extended memory address bits interrupt enable and the function code The RLCB command 6604 is used to load the register and the RRCB command 6613 reads the register The RLCB command also executes the function Figure 5 3 Bit ACO 2 AC3 AC4 5 AC6 8 00 01 02 Maintenance Mode Interrupt Enable IE Drive Select 050 DSI Extended Memory Addressed EMA Function Code 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 DRIVE SELECT CZ 2018 Figure 5 3 Command Register Function Reserved The contents of the Disk Address DA register are looped back to the silo for maintenance purposes 2 of command register must also be set for this function to work correctly See Paragraph 5 3 9 When set this bit indicates that the data field will be 256 8 bit words per sector When zero the data field will be truncated to 170 12 bit words per sector This bit must be set when a Maintenance a Get Status or wr Read Header command is to be executed When this bit is set the controller is allowed to interrupt the processor at the conclusion of a normal command or error termination These bits determine which drive will communicate with the controller via the drive bus These three bits define the memory field location This allows up to 32K memory locations to be addressed on processors having more than 4K of memory These bits
83. iue du Cien id cas HS fx QUU et Ya cete a ca 5 6 4 Bad sis Scena es a STATUTA deo Cre razas 5 6 5 esse suaozun reines ary nin eb sm BR kemon Wath By dile teres S20 5 6 6 SOCR IMENU O SER CE GON ELI a APPENDIX A CONFIGURATION AND INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS 1 SPC CONSIDERATIONS sisan oxen ot Stata Ge IKS A 1 2 CONFIGURATION CONSIDERATIONS sus a sis durus sagre e wr A FIGURES Figure No Title Page 1 1 Typical RLOI RLO2 Mass Storage Subsystem 1 2 1 2 DEK DOS ia ouv kia ese va ba e uia ute 82 ai dua us 1 3 1 3 REOIKRRLOZK Disk Cartridge zes sx usa Kangke ps en 1 5 1 4 Access Method for Sequential Transfers 2 Eos 1 5 Sector Relocation lt lt s ve vs ess meas E aedis LLI ioe 1 7 1 6 sector e gejojn a Lanes suus TTTTTTTIT TTT aes cante I 1 8 2 1 RLOURLO2 Disk Dyrive Rear View lt 2 5 2 2 Approved Electrical Plugs and Receptacles i ss esus sie eee sio 2 6 2 3 Power Panel Grounded to Building Frame 2 2 7 2 4 Power Panel Grounded l Metal Plate eere as srias evis senu 258 vi mola Im NWN NN SS Se OO I O
84. le in of this drive to the cable connector of the previous drive Repeat for each drive NOTE The total length of cable from controller to the last drive must not exceed 30 m 100 ft 15 Install the proper unn select plug at the front of the drive Figure 2 23 2 7 3 Drive Prestartup Inspection To begin the inspection procedure remove the top cover by loosening the captive screws and lifting the cover straight up Rest the cover on the rear of the drive Figure 2 24 With the drive power off and controller power on follow these steps NOTE Ifa problem occurs consult the RLO RLO2 Techni cal Manual l Ensure that the positioner restraining bracket is not interfering with the positioner Figure 2 21 2 Ensure that the positioner is home 3 Ensure that the read write head gimbels are not bent or dirty CH they are dirty clean with a solution of 91 percent alcohol and 9 percent water and a lint free wiper 4 Ensure that the spindle rotates freely and its top surfaces are not dirty Clean as described above 3 Ensure that the brush assembly is home not exposed 6 Ensure that the logic modules and connectors are seated firmly 7 Tum ON 8 Ensure that the spindle rotates slowly counterclockwise for approximately 15 seconds and stops At this time the LOAD light will come on 9 Ensure that the FAULT light i5 not on I0 Ensure that the fan at the rear of the drive is operating LOAD SWITCH
85. ll be detected and the head will retreat to cylinder zero 5 6 4 Bad Sector File There is a bad sector file feature on each RLOI RLO2 disk cartridge Its use is explained in Paragraph 1 6 There is no standard Bad Sector File used with the RKOS 5 6 5 Reformatting The RKOS cartridge can be reformatted in the field while the RLOI K RLO2K cartridges cannot The imbedded servo information and Bad Sector File features greatly reduce the need to reformat in the field 5 6 6 Seek Interrupt The RKOS will provide two interrupts as the result of a seek operation The first interrupt occurs as soon as the controller has caused the drive to start its movement indicating that the controller is free to handle another function The second interrupt occurs when the drive finishes the seek movement The RLOI RLO2 subsystem does not provide the second interrupt Thus the software must perform the proper monitoring of the drive to determine when the seek has been completed 5 20 A 1 8 APPENDIX CONFIGURATION AND INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS SPC CONSIDERATIONS The small peripheral controller but does not unconditionally fit into any SPC slot Early SPCs were always quad height modules or combinations of smaller single or dual modules that involved only four rows Thus the standard pin assignments appolied only to rows D E and F hex height backplane Many new options such as the are hex
86. ly used DIGITAL s RKOS disk cartridge subsystem It points out the differences between programming an RKOS subsystem and programming an RLOI RLO2 subsystem In general the RKOS subsystem had a lot of its functionality built into the hardware while the RLOI RLO2 subsystem requires that the software provide some of the functionality The major differences are explained below 4 6 1 Spiral Read Write or Mid Transfer Seeks A spiral read write is a transfer of data that continues past the end of a track The RKOS subsystem provides hardware support for this by using the hardware to detect the end of track condition and the hardware will cause a mid transfer seek to the next track and then restart the read write operation at sector 0 of the next track Note that this seek is either a head switch from the upper surface to the lower surface of the same cylinder with no head positioner movement or a switch from lower surface to upper surface with a positioner movement to the next cylinder The RLOI RLO2 subsystem hardware cannot handle this If a read write operation continues past the 40th sector the sector counter in the DAR advances to 50 octal which is illegal and the OPI error flag is set It is necessary for the software to 1 prevent this from occurring by calculating the remaining area left versus the amount of data left before the operation or 2 to detect that it has occurred The software must initiate a separate seek function and as well as a cont
87. me e Qam me e aeta aree d 4 14 4 3 7 Read Data Funcion COEG amresis aia kie esase artes nece 4 14 4 3 8 Read Data Without Header Check Function Code 7 4 14 4 4 OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS scassi sa stu mars mks 4 14 4 4 1 sx sua DU CSUS SANSON KURA aE Ver ISSN 4 14 4 4 2 SBEKOPEIAON cs i aE TET SIA VN deir SN Vasa 4 15 4 4 3 Overlapped G eks n ios dues Weston SERIO dig dle gia 4 15 4 4 4 5 eR ES A PO rN aua ava 4 15 4 4 5 Recovery Data With Bad Headers a s sx UR Semoj 9 ved 4 15 4 4 6 Non interchangeability of RLOI RLO2 Disk Cartridges 4 15 4 5 BERORIKECUNMER M ue Fs V Ex pid 4 16 4 6 DIFFERENCE SUMMARY RKOS AND 02 4 17 4 6 1 Spiral Read Write or Mid Transfer 4 17 4 6 2 implicit Seeks Versos SEEKS xe es ga mcm ma tse 4 17 4 6 3 ECB ENDED rveke hre aser 4 17 4 6 4 Bat Sector PREN so renea a sorsara Ese NRTA aera m A rans SIR 4 18 4 6 5 ROTOHDGU EKAS URIO KUAIS AEETI AS ede 4 18 4 0 6 OBOK niri sus siia sowie es ails Ril aT SIKA 4
88. n circuit and the data separator circuit to eventually end up in the FIFO The contents of the DAR is then incremented and becomes test word 4 This new test word follows the same path as the preceeding test word and ends up as the second word in the FIFO At this point the FIFO holds WORD FIFO Ist CRC of test word 3 2nd of test word 4 4 12 i The contents of the DAR is now incremented once again and becomes test word 5 Next the second word in the FIFO CRC of test word 4 is removed from the FIFO and serialized It is sent through the data source selector the and data source selector again and so on It follows the same data path as the two previous words and ends up back in the FIFO as the new second FIFO word At this point the FIFO holds WORD FIFO ist CRC of test word 3 2nd of CRC of test word 4 The contents of the DAR is then incremented for the sixth time to become test word 6 The controller ready bit is then set and the CPU receives an interrupt request This completes the maintenance command operation As a result of this maintenance test the following circuits are tested the FIFO the registers the data source selector the CRC circuit the match circuit the write precompensation circuit the data separator circuit and the FIFO input and output serializer Also many of the microsequencer functions are exercised 4 3 2 Write Check Function Code 1 The write check command is used t
89. nd was not completed within 200 ms It is also used in conjunction with bits 0 and 2 of this register This bit is set during a write if the silo is empty and the word count is not yet zero meaning that no word was available for writing OPI will not be set This bit is set during a read if the silo is full and the word count is not yet zero meaning that the word being read could not enter the silo OPI will not be set When this bit and OPI are both set then a 200 ms timeout occurred while the controller was searching for the correct sector to read or write no header compare HNF 5 6 Bit Name Function 2 Error Code Summary Error Bits 00 01 02 DLI 0 0 OPI 0 0 HNF 0 l DCRC 0 HCRC l 0 ACIO Drive Error DE This bit is tied directly to the Drive Error interface line When set it indicates that the selected drive has flagged an error The source of the error can be determined by a Get Status The DE bit is cleared with a Reset command to the drive ACII Drive Ready DRDY When set this bit indicates that the selected drive is ready to receive a command The bit is cleared when a Seek operation is initiated and set again when the Seek operation is completed 5 2 7 Silo Data Buffer The RRSI command 6615 is used to transfer the contents of the silo data buffer to the AC The silo does the following Stores the result of the Get Status command from the drive drive errors and status bits St
90. o obtain the current position of the head Calculate the difference if any from the desired position Issue a Seek with the proper difference direction and head select information 5 4 4 Overlapped Seeks Since a Seek operation does not involve data transfer it is possible to have one drive seeking while another is transferring data Only one drive at a time can transfer data but up to four drives can be seeking simultaneously 5 4 5 Recovery of Data with Bad Headers Function 7 Read Data Without Header Check allows the recovery of data with unreadable headers If HNF or HCRC errors are repeatedly encountered on a particular sector and the data is not recoverable by the standard read command proceed as follows Read successive headers until the sector preceding the bad sector is found Then within 300 microseconds issue a Read Data Without Header Check The data portion of the next sector will be read without either header compare or header CRC check Data CRC errors will be reported 5 18 5 4 6 Non interchangeability of Disk Cartridges 5 4 6 1 RLOIK RLO2K These two types of cartridges are physically interchangeable but not functionally interchangeable If a cartridge is installed on the incorrect type of drive no physical damage will take place and data will not be destroyed However the unit will not operate in a normal manner The symptoms exhibited depend upon the program running at the time If the system is exhibiting abnorm
91. o verify that data was written on the disk correctly It is used after writing a block of data onto the disk by the write command function The write check command reads this same block of data from the disk and compares it with the contents of its source data buffer area in main memory Because this comparison is performed in the controller this source data must be transferred out of memory and into the controller silo Prior to issuing this command the BA register must be loaded with the address of the first location of the data block in the main memory The word counter register must be loaded with the data block length The DA register is then loaded with the starting disk address location At this point the write check command can be loaded into the CS register Once a header match is found and the header CRC validates the match the 128 words of data are read from the disk The disk data is then compared serially with the serial data coming out of the silo SER DATA OUT Either a compare error or a data CRC error will set bit 11 in the CS register 4 3 3 Get Status Function Code 2 The Get Status command causes the status word from a drive to be transferred to the controller where the software can access it through the MPR The software should first verify that the controller is ready to perform an operation the drive does not have to be ready Then the software should load the DAR with ones in bits 01 and 00 a reset bit at 03 and zero
92. octal which is illegal and therefore sets the OPI error flag It is necessary for the software to 1 prevent this from occurring by calculating the remaining area left versus the amount of data left before the operation or 2 to detect that it has occurred The software must initiate a separate seek function and initiate a continuance of the read write function A head switch from the upper to the lower surface without a positioner movement is considered a seek in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem After a head switch the positioner will seek the center of the new track 5 6 2 Implicit Seeks Versus Explicit Seeks The RKOS subsystem can perform either implicit or explicit seeks An explicit seek is a software directed seek operation An implicit seek is a seek initiated by the hardware at the beginning of a read write operation if the desired position is different from the present position The RLOI RLO2 subsystem cannot do an implicit seek The software must ensure that the positioner is over the desired cylinder and that the desired head is selected before starting a read write operation 5 6 3 The RKOS subsystem has a return to zero or recalibrate function which causes the positioner to move to cylinder 0 There is no similar function in the RLOI RLO2 subsystem An explicit seek to cylinder zero must be performed If the current cylinder address is not known and the drive is commanded to seek beyond the outer guard band this guard band wi
93. or reassembly 3 Install slides into the rack or cabinet using enclosed hardware Be sure the slides are at the correct height to permit installation of pop panels dress panels upon completion of installation Also verify that the slides do not bind on any hardware used to mount the slide 4 Extend slides to lock position 5 Slide drive onto chassis slides and reinstall security mounting hardware Ensure that the disk drive moves easily on the slides that there is no binding in the cabinet and that the proper height has been maintained for dress panels wr 7 Open the drive access cover NOTE There is a safety interlock in the RLOL RLO2 Disk Drives that locks the drive access cover when the drive has no power The manual release to bypass this interlock is located on the right side of the drive under a small access cover Figure 2 21 Remove the cover to reach the solenoid Pull down on the solenoid and operate the top release w mechanism at the same time to open the drive access cover After the drive access cover is open replace the solenoid cover 8 Loosen the head restraining bracket screw located on the positioner Turn the bracket 90 degrees and retighten the screw Figure 2 21 9 On newer drives there are two shipping screws on the bottom of the unit that secure the spindle blower motor Remove the screws 10 Ifthe drive is being installed in a dual drive cabinet that has an interlock system to prevent mo
94. ores the header words when a Read Header command is executed Stores the result of Maintenance command Stores the contents of the DA register if the maintenance bit was set in Command Register B 5 2 7 1 Silo Register After a Get Status Command When Get Status command is executed and a status word is returned to the controller the contents of the silo register appear as shown in Figures 5 8 and 5 9 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 WORD 1 09 10 11 CZ 2023 Figure 5 8 Silo Buffer for Status Word WORD 1 Bit Name Function 0 3 Undefined AC4 Drive Type A zero indicates an RLOI one an RLO2 ACS Head Select HS Indicates currently selected head A zero indicates the upper head a one the lower head AC6 Cover Open CO Set when the drive access cover is open or the dust cover is not in place AC7 Heads Out HO A one indicates that the heads are over the disk a zero indicates that the heads are home AC8 Brush Home BH Set when the brushes are home AC9 11 State Bits These bits define the state of the disk drive State Bit Definitions Bit C Bit B Bit A Definition 0 0 0 Load State 0 0 Spin up 0 l 0 Brush Cycle 0 1 Load Heads 0 0 Seek Track Counting 0 Lock on keeping on track 0 Unload Heads Spin down 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 WORD 2 C2 2024 Figure 5 9 Silo Buffer for Status Word 2 WORD 2 Bit s Name Function 0 3 Undefined ACA Write Data Error WDE Thi
95. ous media It is always advisable to keep copy of the RLOT RLO2 diagnostics on a media other than the RLOIK or RLO2K cartridge so that the diagnostics can be loaded through another device if the RL subsystem is down 2 30 When ordering diagnostic media listings manuals or microfiche check the current catalog or index for the latest revision level The applicable catalogs and indexes are listed in Table 2 3 Unless otherwise specified when ordering the latest revision will be shipped Table 2 3 Diagnostic Catalogs and Indexes NAME PART NUMBER 11 Diagnostic Software Components Catalogue AV BO21E TC PDP Software Components Catalogue AV 0872B TA MAINDEC Index microfiche AH 9026P MC PDP MAINDEC Index microfiche AH 65726 MA Note Both of these catalogs are available on microfiche EP 08 11DC 02 2 8 1 RLII Based Diagnostics The diagnostic package used for an RI I RLOI subsystem before the release of the RLO2 consisted of the six free standing programs listed in Table 2 4 There were two revisions Revision A and Revision B These programs handled only RLOI drives not RLO2 units Table 2 4 RLII Based Diagnostics DESCRIPTION PART NUMBER CZRLAAO Controller Test Part CZRLBAO Controller Test Part 2 CZRLCAU Drive Test Part 1 CZRLDAO Drive Test Part 2 CZRLEAO Performance Exerciser CZRLFEAO Drive Compatibility Test These diagnostics be run free standing under the
96. ramming Note this disk drive will not do spiral Read Writes The program must break up a data transfer if track to track Read Writes are to be done Between two such data transfers a seek to the next track or surface must be made 00 01 02 03 07 08 09 10 11 wc oo weon woos WC 03 WC 07 war oo CZ 2020 04 0 06 5 WC 04 WC 05 WC 06 Figure 5 5 Word Count Register 5 2 5 Sector Address Register The Sector Address SA register is a 6 bit register loaded by an RLSA command 6605 and read by an RRSA command 6614 Before executing a Read or Write operation the sector address is loaded into the SA register Figure 5 6 5 2 6 Error Register The Error register is a 5 bit register that is read by the RRER command 6610 Bits 0 2 are cleared by initialize or when Command Register B is loaded Figure 5 7 Bit ACO ACI AC2 00 01 0 DCRC HCRC HNF Name Data CRC DRCR or Header CRC HCRC Operation Incomplete OPI Data Late DLT or Header Not Found HNF 00 01 02 03 04 05 SA SA02 SA03 5 05 2 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 C2 2021 Figure 5 6 Sector Address Register C2 2022 Figure 5 7 Error Register Function If OPI is cleared and this bit is set the CRC error occurred in the data DCRC If OPI is set and this bit is also set the CRC error occurred on the header HCRC When set this bit indicates that the current comma
97. re than one drive being extended at a time ensure that it is connected 11 Inspectthe terminal block covers at the rear of the drive Ensure that they are configured properly for the input power available Figure 2 22 CAUTION Connection to the wrong power source will result in serious damage to the disk drive 12 there is only one disk drive in the system or if this is the last drive of the daisy chain install a terminator assembly DIGITAL part 70 12293 in the cable location at the rear of the drive Figure 2 22 13 If this is an RLII or an RLVI I based system route the cable BC20J XX DIGITAL part no amp 70 12122 10 between the first drive and the transition connector If this is an RL8 A based system route the BC80J 20 cable from the RL8A to the first drive 2 24 LOCKING LATCH ACCESS SLOT SLIDE EXTENSION RELEASE CATCH MA 1581 Figure 2 20 RLOI RLO2 Cabinet Installation POSITIONER FRONT VIEW POSITIONER RESTRAINING BRACKET SOLENOID ACCESS COVER 2 2003 Figure 2 21 RELOURLEO2 Covers Removed CABLE CABLE IN TERMINATOR x TH NORMALLOW 22 LINE VOLTAGE TERMINAL BLOCK COVER CABLE OUT 110 220 VOLTS TERMINAL BLOCK COVER AC LINECORD CIRCUIT BREAKER CZ 1056 gt Figure 2 22 RLOVRLOJ Disk Drive Rear View 14 If this is a multidrive installation connect an cable from cab
98. rection DIR Head Select HS Cylinder Address Difference CYLINDER DIFFERENCE C2 2016 Command Register A During Seek Command Function This bit indicates the direction in which a seek is to take place When the bit is set the heads move toward the spindle to a higher cylinder address When the bit is cleared the heads move away from the spindle to a lower cylinder address The actual distance moved depends on the cylinder address difference bits 3 11 Indicates which head disk surface is to be selected A one indicates the lower head a zero the upper head Spare Indicates the number of cylinders the heads are to move on a seek 5 2 1 2 Command Register A During Read or Write Data Command For a Read or Write operation the Command Register A is loaded with part of the address of the first sector to be transferred cylinder address and head select This information is transferred to the disk address register along with the contents of the Sector Address register to make the complete address of the sector Figure 5 2 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 CYLINDER ADDRESS CZ 2017 Figure 5 2 Command Register A During Read Write Data Command Name Head Select HS Cylinder Address Function Must be zero Head select bit a one indicates the lower head a zero the upper head Must be zero Cylinder address 5 2 2 Command Register i Command Register B is a 12 bit reg
99. red track it encounters 3 5 Read Header Command The Read Header command will read the first header encountered on the selected drive and load the header into SIN consecutive word locations in the silo one X bit byte per word The computer can then extract this information with IOT RRSI instructions The format of the information is shown in Paragraph 5 2 7 2 A check is performed on the header that is read 5 3 6 Write Data Command The Write Data command requests data from memory one word at a time via the Omnibus using the DMA mode It then transfers the data through the controller silo buffer to the selected drive The data is written at the specified sector data area This operation continues incrementing both the Break Memory Address register and the Word Count register once for each Omnibus transfer until the Word Count register reaches zero Prior to starting this command it is necessary to position the head over the desired track using a Seek command Then the registers should be loaded as follows Load the Break Memory Address register with the address of the first memory word to be transferred Load the Sector Address register with the address of the first sector to be written Load the Word Counter register with the two s complement of the number of words to be transferred Load the Command Register A with the head select bit and the cylinder address word Load the Command Register with a mode bit 8 bit or 12 bit mo
100. ress Register The Bus Address BA register Figure 4 2 is a 16 bit register with an address of 774402 Bits 1 through 15 can be read or written bit is always zero Bus address bits 16 and 17 are contained in bits 4 and 5 of the CS register see Paragraph 4 2 1 The BA register indicates the memory location involved in the data transfer during a normal read or write operation The contents of the BA register are automatically incremented by two as each word is transferred between the bus and the buffer This register overflows into CS register bits 4 and 5 The BA register is cleared by initializing the drive or by loading the register with zeros BUS ADDRESS REGISTER BAR 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 imis nara sas oma READ WRITE CZ 2035 Figure 4 2 BA Register 4 4 Bit s Name Function 0 15 BAO thru BAIS These bits point to the UNIBUS address that data is to be transferred to from normally a memory address 16 and BA 17 are in CSR bits 4 and 5 4 2 3 Disk Address Register The Disk Address DA register ts a 16 bit register with an address of 774404 Its contents can have one of three meanings depending on the function being performed This register is cleared by initializing the device oi louding the register with zeros All 16 bits can be read or written by the processor 4 2 3 1 DA Re
101. rmi nating the cable DIGITAL supplies a standard grounding conductor with each 1 0 and memory cabi net When two cabinets are bolted together DIGITAL bonds them electrically with a No 4 AWG con ductor 5 mm 0 20 in or by several copper mesh straps connected between the cabinet frames Use the green yellow conductor in the power cord for safety ground connection The green yellow grounding wire in the power cable must be returned to ground at the system power distribution panel Note that the green yellow wire is a non current carrying conductor not a neutral conductor For information about system grounding considerations see the DIGITAL Site Preparation Guide EK OCOR P SO 003 BUILDING STEEL POWER PANEL 08 0717 Figure 2 3 Power Panel Grounded To Building Frame lo J Where neither scheme is possible a metal area comprising the power panel the conduit and a metal plate of at least m 10 f that is in contact with masonry must be connected to the green ground wire Figure 2 4 The connecting wire must not exceed 1 5 5 ft in length and should be at least No 12 AWG 2mm When two cabinets are bolted together DIGITAL bonds them electrically with a 4 AWG conductor 5 mm 0 20 in or by several copper mesh straps connected between the cabinet frames After the grounding system is installed it is advisable to take a voltage reading between the cabinet frame and the nearest grounded object NBFU No
102. s Indicates memory location involved in data transfer during a normal read or write operation Stores information for 1 seeking to desired track or 2 selecting sectors to be transferred during read write operations or 3 used when requesting a drive status message 1 Functions as word counter when transferring read write data between UNIBUS and drives or 2 acts as storage buffer when reading drive status or 3 stores header information from controller silo when executing a read header command CONTROL STATUS REGISTER CSR 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 OB 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 READ ONLY READ WRITE READ SAD 9 ONLY 2 2009 Figure 4 1 CS Register Bit s Name Function 0 Drive Ready When set this bit indicates that the selected drive is ready to receive a DRDY command The bit is cleared when a seek operation is initiated and set when the seek operation is completed 1 3 Function Code These bits are set by software to indicate the command to be executed Command execution requires that bit 7 controller ready be cleared by software A zero bit being transferred into bit 7 of the CSR can be considered asa Go bit n Bit s 1 3 4 5 6 Name Function Code Cont Bus Address Extension Bits 16 BAIL Interrupt Enable IE Controller Ready CRDY Drive Select 050 DSI Operation Incomplete OPI Data CRC DCRC or Header CRC HCRC or Write Check WCE Data Late DLT
103. s add IBdeX6s sm es sisma aie ees ia aa RLIIB sed DIKENOMIES usua css mansus ite Saio xS KIE SIDAS aie VISIO Di gnostc KICNGIDeIS sx nes us Su cuore A RETI Disasnostic Components os oca ou wares pene UGENDOCUMENIS 2256 DONOS dis SOG eta ge AVA ala ui Se a ht A REVTI Diagnostic Kit Designations cus eu cues vi Worse M 4 Ss s 69 2 Lus Ja nisin ad ex TERES MA ESPERA UC EE OS ER HE I REYRLOI Diagnostic Components ss ico sus eese m HE ESC ae S iia rh amp so even Ss ensem wai ao or Vx EVITE RLS RLO2 Diagnostic Components wio 5 sss mass smo se HAAS i Si ko 0232 Controller Addressable Registers ve ako 93 Controller Commands ws os us emere Imm mH via seio no 5 SG ooeo TOTE Eo IBSEEHORIOTE AAA aS ne Se T TR RT ELSA Gontroller ais semis Se nama ua nra lette Sie EBEA nir c 2 y 165 vili CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE This manual provides information on the capabilities installation operation and programming of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem The basic subsystem comprise
104. s bit is set when the write gate is on but no transitions were detected on the write data line Bitis AC5 ACO 7 ACS ACY ACIO ACII 5222 Name Function Current Head Errot This bit is set when write current is detected in the heads but the write CHE gate was not asserted Write Lock WL Set when the drive is write protected Seek Time Out Error Set when the heads did not come on track in the required time during a SKTO seek Operation or when the heads drifted off track and did not return within 1 5 seconds Spin Error SPE Set when the spindle does not come up to speed within 40 seconds or when the spindle speed is too high Write Gate Error Set if write gate is asserted and one or more of the following conditions 15 true I Drive is not Ready to Read Write 2 Drive is write protected 3 Drive is in the midst of sector time 4 Drive has another error asserted Volume Check VC Set when a new cartridge has been loaded or when the power has been cycled down then up This bit is reset by a Reset command Drive Select Error DSE Set when one or more drives have the same number unit select plug or have responded to the same number Silo Data Buffer During a Read Header Command When a Read Header command is executed six S bit bytes are stored in the silo as six 12 bit words The first two header words contain sector address head select and cylinder address information The s
105. s one RLI1 RLVI I ar RL8A controller and up to four RLOI or RLO2 Disk Drives This manual is intended primarily for operating and programming personnel Service should be performed only by qualified Digital field engineering and maintenance personnel A prerequisite for understanding this manual is a basic knowledge of PDP 8 and PDP 11 processors and peripherals 1 2 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS Table 1 1 lists the documents that will be available to provide the information necessary for a complete understanding of the function theory and maintenance of the RLOI RLO2 Disk Drives and the RLV 1 I RL8 A Controllers The Unibus and LSI 11 Bus are described inthe PDP Bus Handbook EB 17525 The Omnibus is described in the PDPS A Miniprocessor User s Manual EK 8A002 MM Table 1 1 Reference Documents Title Document No RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Technical Manual EK RLOI2 TM RLO Disk Drive Illustrated Parts Breakdown EP 00016 IP RLO2 Disk Drive Illustrated Parts Breakdown 00016 RLOI RLO2 Disk Subsystem Preventive EP 00008 PM Maintenance Manual RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Pocket Service Guide EK RLO012 PG Controller Technical Description Manual EK ORLII TD Controller Technical Description Manual EK RLV11 TD RL8A OMNIBUS Controller Technical Manual EK ORL8A TM NOTE This document is only available to Digital Equipment Corporation Service personnel 1 3 SUBSYSTEM DESCRIPTION RLOI RLO2 mass storage subsystem is
106. t the innermost or outermost limits the head will stop at the guard band and retreat to the first even numbered data track 4 3 5 Read Header Function Code 4 When a Read Header function is decoded the controller will read the first header encountered on the selected drive and place the three header words in the silo They pass through the silo and stop with the first word in the MP register The software can then access the first word to determine the current sector head and cylinder address When the software extracts the first word from the MP register the second word automatically moves in to the MP register If the software extracts the second word the third word automatically moves in the MP This is the CRC word The software can now access it for checking purposes 4 3 6 Write Data Function Code 5 When this function is decoded with CRDY cleared the controller starts reading successive header words and comparing them to the DA register When a match is found the header CRC is checked and if correct that sector is written with the words from memory designated by the BA register The BA and MP registers word count in two s complement form are incremented for each word transferred For partial sector writes the remaining sector area is filled with zeros At the end of the sector the sector portion of the DA register is incremented The next sector is written if all the words have not been written At the end of the transfer CRDY
107. ter A During A Read Write Data Command 5 3 Command Register B 5 Break Memory Address Register 5 5 Word Count o pp ES CAGE Addcen seta Se WENE odo BUR e ore eme EMIT ROBISIBE Aus o ku aS GOTT SMART DART FE MO vhi te SIO BUG TON Status WONIU sous eson dis Sua Buffer for Status asma Su etum eis asas ses paese vr ere SHS B tfer foriHeader ass eu 5225929 Ko sk ae SO SUN 525 AG ITON SS EN WRENS US INI VS SN EKo MOLES BA ISR ra tera ua mis a ss os SAT vil 06 uot LIV 1 1 sov TOTO TABLES Title Reference Documents uos uc baa DR MS OMAN RA IA OS XR RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Physical and Environmental Specifications RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive Operational Specifications 2 002 ee ee RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridge Specifications Saleable RLOI RLO2 Subsystem SACAR CADERE essere iria Pete cw oe sno e ERE Gr cisci Diaguostie Catalog
108. tered dry air However do not use plant air that may contain water or oil canned air is an acceptable substitute 3 5 CARTRIDGE CARE SUMMARY The following listing summarizes care and cleaning considerations for the RLOIK RLO2K Disk Cartridge Keep cartridges clean Use cartridges at computer room temperature only Manipulate cartridges by the top cover handle only When the protection cover is removed for loading do not touch disk surfaces hub center cone or surfaces When the protection cover is removed for loading interior metal hub surfaces must be clean When the protection cover is removed for loading ensure that the disks are not moved or rotated amp since improper disk motion may generate plastic particles which can result in disk damage When loading or unloading a drive insert and remove cartridges gently In addition do not use excessive foree when Manipulating the top cover handle If during operation a cartridge makes rumbling or continuous tinging sounds discontinue use of the cartridge Use of a damaged cartridge on other drives may damage the drives resulting in additional damage to all other cartridges used in those drives Each cartridge should be cleaned professionally every six months and or whenever a specific cartridge is not operating properly Cartridges are factory repairable only Disassembly in the field is not permitted and such action may void the warranty on a cartridge as
109. terrupt The controller will request an interrupt if the IE bit and the CRDY bit are both set in the CS register The IE bit is set or reset by the software and reset with the initialize condition The CRDY bit is set by the hardware upon completion of a function or upon the setting of an error flag It is also set by the initialize condition is reset by the software to cause the controller to start a function negative GO bit The interrupt vector address is 160 The normal priority level for the is BUS REQUEST 5 Controller uses the one priority level provided by the LSI 11 processor 4 4 2 Seek Operation The following sequence is an example of performing a seek function Issue read header function to drive and wait for interrupt or wait for CRDY Check error flag Read the header word from the MP register Calculate difference and direction for the seek Move difference word to the DA register 6 Issue seek function to drive and wait for seek to be completed as indicated by drive ready bit 7 Check error flag A ka las N A software system that optimizes positional latency see Paragraph 1 4 would keep current cylinder and head select information in core so that Steps 1 2 and 3 would be unnecessary Also note that reading the header gives rotational position as well so that some rotational optimization is possible 4 4 3 Overlapped Seeks Since the controller comes ready and interrupts as
110. the result of bus activity due to other I O devices exceeding the throughput capability for a short duration In this latter it is likely that the operation would be successful on the first retry The rate of occurrences is a good indicator of overall system performance and an error logging routine should count that A general increase in the rate of DLT errors could indicate hardware system failures or it could indicate that the usage of the system is approaching its throughput capacity in its present configuration Another example of applying practical reaction to an error is the handling of a HNF error It should be retried once and if it recurs then possibly the head is not positioned over the correct track If a read header operation is performed and the address from the media is examined the current cylinder and head can be determined to see if it is a position problem If not then possibly there is a bad spot on the media and another area should be tried there is a bad header that sector address should be entered into the Bad Sector File and the software should avoid using the original sector As an additional example consider an NXM error lt indicates that a memory unit is not responding to a DMA request for data transfer to from that memory unit It is unlikely that the media or disk unit is failing and only slightly more likely that the controller is failing hardware problem It is possible that the program is trying to acc
111. uests DMA transfers to memory via the Omnibus The Break Memory Address register is incremented once tor each 12 bit word transferred over the Omnibus and the Word Count register is counted up When the Word Count register reaches zero the Read Data command is terminated Prior to starting the Read Data command the head should be positioned over the desired track with a Seek command Load the registers as follows Load the Break Memory Address register with the address of the first location in memory to which the data is to be transferred Load the Sector Address register with the address of the first sector from which the data is to be read Load the Word Counter register with the two scomplement of the number of words of data to be read Load the Command Register A with a head select bit and a cylinder address word Load the Command Register with a mode bit and interrupt enable bit optional drive select bits extended memory address bits and the function code for Read Data The Read Data command then reads headers comparing them to the desired disk address The data transfer begins when the desired header is found The header checks include header CRC checks There is no implicit seek so if the selected head is not over the desired track the desired header will not be found and an OPI error will occur The RL8 A cannot perform a spiral mid transfer seek If a block of data to be read passes the end of a track and continues on th
112. utral terminal will be white or silver and the hot terminal will be brass covered MAIN CIRCUIT BREAKER DR CUT OFF CONTACTOR P qo 1 m 380 416V 220 240 MAIN SUPPLY pe Ty p TRANSFORMER ONLY SECONDARY SHOWN k i 380 35 i 220 24 V PHASE paspa 5 220 240V 4 3 tc NR E 77 SAFETY EARTH GROUND NOTES THE NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR SHOULD BE CONNECTED TO EARTH GROUND THE MAINS SUPPLY TRANSFORMER IF REQUIRED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES IT MAY ALSO BE EARTHED AT THE DISTRIBUTION PANELIS AND ELSEWHERE 8 THE SAFETY EARTH GROUND CONDUCTOR MAY CONSIST OF ELECTRICAL METALLIC CONDUIT OR RACEWAY IF APPROVED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES Figure 2 6 Power i LINE Ni TRANSFORMER G ETE A 120 240V SPLIT PHASE TWO PHASE WHITE 20 240V OR GRAY 6 120V SAFETY GROUND 5 Figure 2 Split Phase 2 Power System 2 3 INSTALLATION GENERAL bb I l a TO SINGLE PHASE LDADS TO TMREE TYPICALI PHASE LOADS TYPICAL Typical 50 Hz Power System POWER LINE TRANSFORMER 11 2294 Figure 2 8 Three Phase Y Power System The controller should be installed first followed by the drive s
113. y the reading or writing operation is terminated when the word counter reaches zero overflows The word counter can keep track of any number of data words from one to the full 40 sector count of 5120 data words decimal Figure 4 8 MPR DURING READ WRITE COMMANDS FOR WORD COUNT 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 CZ 2036 Figure 4 8 MPR Used as a Word Counter Bit s Name Function 0 12 Word Count Contains the two s complement of total number of words to be transferred WC 12 00 13 15 Must be ones MP Register Programming Note The RLOI RLO2 Disk Drive will not do spiral read writes If data is to be transferred past the end of the last sector of a track it is necessary to break up the operation into the following steps Program the data transfer to terminate at the end of the last sector of the track 2 Program a seek to the next track This can be either a head switch to the other surface but same cylinder or a head switch and move to the next cylinder 3 Program the data transfer to continue at the start of the first sector at the next track 4 2 5 Register Summary Figure 4 9 is a bit and function summary of the DA and MP registers CONTROL STATUS REGISTER CSR 14 13 12 11 10 02 01 READ ONLY READ WRITE READ ONLY BUS ADDRESS REGISTER BAR 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 04 03 02 01 06 READ WRITE 2 2035 DAR DURING SEEK COMMAND 14 11 02 CZ 2010 DAR DURING READIN

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