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1. 2 2 39 3 ATTACHMENTS docu ius nate eon 40 3 1 Roles and Responsibilities eesecassti er terio ese e Ede eee puts 41 20 Command Control and Data 42 3 3 ISB Monitoring Training Outlines oir Hee Ro x RIS 43 3 4 ISB Monitoring Job Aid Checklist cese 45 3 5 ISB Monitoring Equipment 466 2 47 3 6 ISB Monitoring DataRAM 2 2 2 2 21 48 3 7 Monitoring Possible 72 50 3 8 ISB Monitoring Recorder Sheet sse 51 3 9 Monitoring Data Sample 2 22 0 32 1 2000 INTRODUCTION The need for protocols to monitor response technologies during oil spills has been recognized since the early 1980s Technological advances in dispersant applications and in situ burning referred to as applied response technologies have resulted in their increased acceptance in several regions in the U S Many regions have set up pre approval zones for dispersant and in situ burn operations and established pre approval conditions including the requirement for monitoring protocols This reaffirms the need for developing national protocols to standardize monitoring especially when the Federal Government assumes full responsibility for the response
2. Attach II A Dispersant Use Decision Implementation Element Checklist Attach II B Aerial Coverage Rates for Selected Spill Attach IV A Region III Dispersant Application Operational Capability Form See sample spreadsheet printout and computer disk Attach IV B Region IV Dispersant Application Platform Capability Matrix Attach IV C Region IV Dispersant Operation Plan Attach IV D Operational Planning Worksheet 1 5 215 00001 Attach IV E Assignment List 165 20 iesu d rer Praia e asd E band Attach IV F Region IV ICS Organization Chart for Dispersant Use Attach IV G Region IV ICS Dispersant Use Organizational Relationships Attach IV H Incident Command Functional Checklists for Dispersant Use Attach IV I Dispersant Application Logistics and Support Checklist Attach IV J Site Safety Plan Template for Dispersant Attach Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Aerial Attach VII A Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Waterborne Checklist Attach VII B References Region IV USCG 7 District Dispersant Use
3. 98 6 SOL SIZ WO NOLL VDO WILO WORKING DRAF I 6 00 Attachment IV E 1 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV E 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 2 Division Group ASSIGNMENT LIST 3 Incident Name 4 Operational Period Date Time 5 Operations Personnel Operations Section Chief Branch Director Division Group Supervisor 6 Resources Assigned This Period Strike Team Task Force Resource Number of Trans Drop Off Pick Up minime 7 Assignments 8 Special Instructions Safety Message 9 Division Group Communications Summa System Commana 5 sc ib Raw 7b b Div Group Unit X THERE 3 proved 10 Prepared By Resource Unit Leader 11 Approved By Planning Section Chief Date Time Ap ICS 204 8 95 Attachment IV F 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV F 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ICS ORGANIZATION CHART FOR DISPERSANT USE FOSC or Incident Commanders Unified Command Operations Dispersant Operation SSC Group Technical Supervisor Specialists Spotter Aircraft Monitoring Spray Ob
4. 25 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 7 2 Alternative option An alternative option for preparing the 90 ppb fluorescein sodium salt standard is the addition of 486 mg of fluorescein into a 1 amber bottle measured accurately of de ionized water This is 340 ppm stock standard Agitate the 1 liter solution thoroughly to ensure complete mixing then remove 1 0 ml from the bottle into one gallon of de ionized water measured accurately The result should be a 90 ppb fluorescent green solution As described above the solution should be stored in amber glass and labeled with the preparation date and concentration Note Weigh out the fluorescein sodium salt very quickly and tightly reseal the original container because the compound is hygroscopic absorbs moisture If using pre weighed packets ensure that ALL material goes into the standard solution Rinsing the container with de ionized water into the bottle is strongly recommended Standard solutions should be stored in amber bottles to reduce photo degradation of the compound Fresh standards should be made every 90 days to ensure consistent results 3 11 8 Downloading the Data Access screen 5 4 and download the data From the main menu press 5 then 4 When the IBM compatible computer is ready to receive data press 8 five times See Appendix 11 section F from the instrument manual An IBM compatible computer with the manufacturer s
5. Checklist and Roadmap 5 vin ST DOIP N Required Action Initial Responsibility Page 4 Dispersant Operations viti D ad Implement Plan in Emergency Phase Name Watch Quarter amp Station Assignment DOGS PLANNING VI 2 Integrate Dispersant Operations Plan into pECHONCHED IAP ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment VI Implement Dispersant Operations Plan Table of Contents Page A Implement Incident specific Dispersant Plans in the ath a VEI B Integrate Dispersant Plans into the Incident Action Plan VI 2 A Implement Incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan in the Emergency Phase Dispersant operations will be conducted under the direction of the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS within the incident command structure prescribed by the FOSC Unified Command and in accordance with the Dispersant Operations Plan developed for the incident As previously discussed a good portion of the mobilization and perhaps the early phases of the dispersant application may be conducted in the emergency phase of the operation prior to the development and approval of the initial Incident Action Plan It is critical especially in the emergency phase that dispersant operations be carefully controlled and coordinated with other phases of the overall resp
6. PERO E E Rao S S digital camera camcorder optional 1 47 SMART ISB Module Attachment 6 v 1 2000 3 6 ISB Monitoring DataRAM Setup The following is a setup procedure to assist in field operations of the DataRAM Words in quotation marks e g SPAN CHECK indicate statements on the instrument screen See Figure 1 for a diagram of the DataRAM interface Note Instruments should be set up side by side turned on and calibrated simultaneously Instruments should be synchronized with Global Positioning System time settings OPERATION PROCEDURE POWER ON Adjust 3 position locking switch on back to INT BAT CHARGER position Remove metal cap from top sampler and press the ON button CHECK BATT Press SYSTEM DIAGNOS items should read NORMAL Main concern is BATCHRG Fully charged 12345 Numbers drop as battery charge decreases Press EXIT NEXT SCREEN NEXT SCREEN CHECK TIME See SET DATE TIME If correct press EXIT If incorrect press SET DATE TIMES use the arrow keys to move through and adjust the time and date as needed Press EXIT then EXIT again to start the clock PURGE Press PURGE when done purging press EXIT ZERO See ZERO Press ZERO See SPAN CHECK Press lt SPAN CHECK See INSERT CALIBRATOR Insert calibrator to In position by turning Span Check knob in
7. 13 3 5 Dispersant Observation 186 7 7 4 14 3 6 Observation 1186 15 3 7 Dispersant Observation Reporting Form 16 3 8 Fluorometry Monitoring Training 17 3 9 q Dispersant Monitoring Job Aid Checklist esses esses 19 3 10 Dispersant Monitoring Equipment 486 2l 3 11 Biuorometer Setup e OE a T Op EHE 22 3 12 Dispersant Monitoring Field 29 3 13 Dispersant Monitoring Water Sampling 34 3 14 Dispersant Monitoring Recorder Form 36 MONITORING IN SITU BURNING OPERATIONS 37 d BACKGROUND ore ee RR Ea e REN NN RARI 37 2 MONITORING PROCEDURES 37 251 General Consideratlons de esie e vod arx eus 37 2 2 Sampling and Reporting ooo oe MN E nds 37 2227 Montornes ic o Lone eon pete au tore e veu te ea ees 38 2s GbeuelobCODCBEli zer 38 2 5 SMART as Part of the ICS 39 2 6 X Information Flow and Data
8. Attachment IV K 8 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS ATTACHMENT 2 AIRCRAFT SAFETY The acute hazard of aircraft related accident seems to be the major health and safety concern in dispersant observation Care must be taken that the observation aircraft will not fly close to the aircraft applying the dispersant AII flight must be well coordinated and safety distance must be kept at all times CHOICE OF PLATFORMS Helicopters are often the aircraft of choice during spill response Fixed wing aircraft may be used however as observation or application platforms An important consideration for flying aboard any aircraft type is whether or not you are adequately prepared for emergency landings in the event of equipment problems Multi engined aircraft are always preferred and offer a much higher degree of safety especially when operating over water Floats on a helicopter may be comforting and provide some degree of safety but are often inadequate in rough or rolling seas If single engine aircraft are used operations should be adjusted to account for the possibility of a forced landing One option 15 to operate only within a reasonable distance to shore and at an altitude that would allow for an emergency no power landing Another option is to operate only in conjunction with vessels equipped with monitoring communications and able to effect a quick re
9. WEATHER CURRENT AND FORECASTED A Weather Clear Partly Cloudy Overcast Rain Snow Fog 24 hour projection 48 hour projection B Current Wind Speed knots Direction from 24 hour projection knots Direction from 48 hour projection knots Direction from C Stability Class A B C D E D Dominant water current Speed knots Direction from 1 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST E Wave Conditions Calm Choppy Waves lt 1 ft 1 3 ft 23 ft 24 hour projection 48 hour projection F Ice Present Yes No Percent coverage 1096 11 30 31 50 51 100 TRAJECTORIES OF SPILL ON WATER BURNING A Estimated trajectory see attached chart map B Expected area s and time s of land fall see attached chart map C Estimated percent naturally dispersed and evaporated within first 24 hours EVALUATION OF RESPONSE OPERATIONS A Considering spill size forecasted weather and trajectories amount of available equipment is there time to deploy mechanical recovery equipment Yes No B Has dispersant use been fully evaluated Yes No Results C Why is in situ burning necessary provide a brief explanation STEP 2 BURNING FEASIBILITY CHECKLIST WEATHER SEA AND OIL CONDITIONS A Wind 20 Knots Yes No B Waves lt 3 feet in choppy wind driven seas Yes No C Currents 0 75 knots relative velocity boom water Yes No D Visibility Suffici
10. 2 NZ NV 2 IN 2 Plans should be prepared for specific time periods or operational periods These periods can be of various segments of time Decisions on the length of the operational period or time segments may be affected by the length of time available needed to achieve objectives the availability of resources environmental considerations and safety considerations Essential parts of any Work plan are 1 Statement of objectives Statement of what is expected to be achieved Objectives must be measurable 2 Organization Describes what organization will be in place This will describe in detail the specific roles and responsibilities of the participants in a bioremediation treatment technique This will also describe the interaction of one entity to another 3 Tactics and assignments Describes tactics and control operations and what resources will be assigned If the application is a large one resource assignments may be done by groups 4 Supporting material Examples include a map or sketch of the area s to be treated communications traffic plan weather data special precautions and safety information All supervisory personnel must be familiar with the plan and any changes which develop throughout the life of the project This can be accomplished through briefings and by distributing copies of the written plan 12 Work plan must include an avenue to provide for ongoing evaluation of the plan s effect
11. 35 APPENDIX E LABORATORY ANALYSIS PARAMETERS Parameter Sample Matrix Methodology Recommended Methods Oil hydrocarbons Water Sediment or GC GC MS ASTM Method D3328 C17 pristane C18 shoreline material Phytane NH3 Water Sediment or Spectrophotometric EPA Method 350 1 shoreline material 350 2 or 350 3 NO Water Sediment or Spectrophotometric EPA Method 353 2 or shoreline material 353 3 NO Water Sediment or Spectrophotometric EPA Method 354 1 shoreline material PO Water Sediment or Spectrophotometric EPA Method 365 1 shoreline material 365 2 or 365 3 Toxicity Water Sediment or shoreline material Sampling is to be conducted in accordance with an approved sampling plan and should utilize a justified random approach where the individual sites are selected based on appropriate habitat types within treated and untreated zones Within a site individual sampling stations should be randomly chosen Dependent on habitat type the site may be further divided such that specific zones within the site are monitored such as the upper and lower intertidal zones or stream side and back marsh areas Sediment grab samples may be collected using a variety of standard techniques Core sampling is preferred for most intertidal and subtidal areas since it consistently allows for a highly reproducible volume of sample to be collected Typically the core depth should exceed the depth of contamination if applicable and the core should be s
12. 2 4 Level of Concern The Level of Concern for SMART operations follows the National Response Team NRT guidelines As of March 1999 NRT recommends a conservative upper limit of 150 micrograms of PM 10 per cubic meter of air averaged over one hour Furthermore NRT emphasizes that this LOC does not constitute a fine line between safe and unsafe conditions but should instead be used as an action level If it is exceeded substantially human exposure to particulates may be elevated to a degree that justifies action However if particulate levels remain generally below the recommended limit with few or no transitory excursions above it there is no reason to believe that the population is being exposed to particulate concentrations above the EPA s National Ambient Air Quality Standard NAAQS It is important to keep in mind that real time particulate monitoring is one factor among several including smoke modeling and trajectory analysis visual observations and behavior of the smoke plume The Unified Command must determine early on in the response what conditions in addition to the LOC justify termination of a burn or other action to protect public health When addressing particulate monitoring for in situ burning NRT emphasizes that concentration trend rather than individual readings should be used to decide whether to continue or terminate the burn For SMART operations the time weighted average 38 SMART ISB Mo
13. DANGER approach the helicopter from the downhill side Attachment IV K 13 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS ATTACHMENT 3 TECHNICAL PRODUCT BULLETIN D 6 EMERGENCY RESPONSE DIVISION DATE LISTED March 10 1978 COREXIT 9527 I NAME BRAND OR TRADEMARK COREXIT 9527 1 Type of Product Dispersant Concentrate II NAME ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF MANUFACTURER Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals LP P O Box 87 Sugar Land TX 77487 0087 Mr David Acker 713 263 7473 Ms Marge Walsh 713 263 7265 III NAME ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF PRIMARY DISTRIBUTORS Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals LP P O Box 87 Sugar Land TX 77487 0087 Mr David Acker 713 263 7473 Ms Marge Walsh 713 263 7265 TO ALERT THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM CALL 1 800 231 6633 24 HRS DAY ASK FOR COREXIT IV SPECIAL HANDLING AND WORKER PRECAUTIONS FOR STORAGE AND FIELD APPLICATION 1 Flammability COREXIT 9527 is not classified as flammable by either DOT or IMO regulations Attachment IV K 14 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 2 Ventilation Avoid prolonged breathing of vapors Use with ventilation equal to unobstructed outdoors in moderate breeze 3 Skin and eye contact protective clothing treatment in case of contact Avoid contact with skin or eyes The use of gloves goggles and protective c
14. should appear on the screen Return to Home Once logged off from the screen press ENT 4 and follow instructions Press 1 to set hour ENT then lt ESC gt Press 2 to set AM PM lt ENT gt then lt ESC gt Press 3 to set minutes ENT then lt ESC gt Press 4 to set Month ENT then lt ESC gt Press 5 to set Date ENT gt then lt ESC gt Press 6 to set Year ENT then lt ESC gt Return to the Home screen 3 11 1 3 Set data reading to RAW From Home screen press lt ENT gt lt gt lt 2 gt lt gt Press lt ENT gt until Raw Fluorescence Data appears on the screen Once found press lt ESC gt to save Return to the Home screen 3 11 1 4 Set concentration readings to High From Home screen press lt ENT gt lt 2 gt lt 4 gt lt 3 gt To change reading to Auto press lt ENT gt until MAN appears on the screen PRESS lt ESC gt to save Then press lt 2 gt for setting range and toggle the lt ENT gt key until HIGH appears on the screen Press lt ESC gt to continue and return to the Home screen 3 11 1 5 Set time constant to 2 Sec From the Home screen press ENT 2 5 2 Press ENT to set option to two seconds Press lt ESC gt to save Return to the Home screen 22 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 2 Instrument Sensiti
15. I 2 Table 1 1 Notifications Checklist and Roadmap sees I 1 Table 1 2 Incident Information Form ICS Incident Notification I 5 Jable I 3 Notifications ien te dta I 7 II Dispersant Applicability A THEEOGIUCCI TIG neo Sanaa OMEN 1 B Gather Incident Information ee teens ete te erc i ie n dune II 1 C Determine Dispersant Applicability aco oe e deeds II 2 Figure 1 1 Dispersant Applicability Decision Tree II 3 Table 1 1 Applicability Checklist and II 1 Table 2 Definitions 4 Attachments Situation and Dispersant Applicability Attach II A Dispersant Use Decision Implementation Element Checklist Attach II B III Dispersant Use Approval Table Ill 1 Approval Checklist and 1 V WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT Page IV Develop Incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan Introduction RR IV 2 B Assemble Available Situation Information eese IV 3 C Determine Scope and Development Plan ee e e rr RV Ras ern guns IV 3 D Establ
16. and Charles F Costa EPA s Alaska Spill Bioremediation Project Environmental Science amp Technology 25 3 1991 pp 372 382 Sauer Ted and Paul Boehm The Use of Defensible Analytical Chemical Measurements for Oil Spill Natural Resource Damage Assessment Proceedings 1991 Oil Spill Conference pp 363 369 Venosa A D and J R Haines Screening of Commercial Innocula for Efficacy in Stimulating Oil Biodegradation in a Closed Laboratory System Journal of Hazardous Materials 28 131 144 1991 42 BIOREMEDIATION IN OIL SPILL RESPONSE Contact Albert D Venosa U S EPA Cincinnati OH 45268 Tel 513 569 7668 Fax 513 569 7105 Email venosa albert epa gov SUMMARY The purpose of this fact sheet 1s to provide on scene coordinators and other decision makers with the latest information on evolving technologies that may be applicable for use in responding to oil spill Bioremediation is one technique that may be useful to remove spilled oil under certain geographic and climatic conditions For the purpose of this effort bioremediation is defined to include the use of nutrients to enhance the activity of indigenous organisms and or the addition of naturally occurring non indigenous microorganisms BACKGROUND Many compounds in crude oil are environmentally benign but significant fractions are toxigenic or mutagenic The latter are the ones we are most interested in removing or destroying in an oil spill B
17. transect The fluorometer readings prior to collection should be relatively constant 2 Collect two samples per monitoring depth during the pre dispersant monitoring under untreated oil slick Try to collect water samples correlating with representative fluorometer values obtained 34 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 13 v 1 2000 3 Collect approximately three samples per monitoring depth during the post dispersant transects These samples should represent the range of high middle and low values obtained from the fluorometer screen 4 Label the bottles and store them in a cooler with ice Do not freeze Enter water sample number time and correlated fluorometer reading in the Recorder Log for future data processing 35 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 14 v 1 2000 3 14 Dispersant Monitoring Recorder Form Date Fluorometer Project Platform Monitoring Start End Time Team members On scene weather log all possible entries Wind direction from Wind speed Sea state Cloud cover Visibility Air temp Sea temp Comments should include Presence or lack of surface oil or dispersed oil plume whether conducting background run transect in relation to slick instrument or gear problem or any other noteworthy event Positions should always be recorded when a sample is taken Otherwise a log entry every five minutes is sufficient Time Water Fluorometer GPS reading Sample Comme
18. 6 Surface Active Agents CONFIDENTIAL 7 Solvents Water Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 8 Additives Borate ester 9 Solubility Not Applicable Attachment IV K 17 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan S X ANALYSIS FOR HEAVY METALS AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS COMPOUND CONCENTRATION ppm Arsenic 0 005 Cadmium 0 01 Chromium 1 0 Copper 0 2 Lead 0 1 Mercury 0 003 Nickel 0 1 Zinc 0 1 Cyanide 0 01 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons 0 01 Attachment IV K 18 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS ATTACHMENT 3 Cont TECHNICAL PRODUCT BULLETIN D 69 EMERGENCY RESPONSE DIVISION DATE LISTED December 18 1995 COREXIT 9500 I NAME BRAND OR TRADEMARK COREXIT 9500 1 Type of Product Dispersant Concentrate NAME ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF MANUFACTURER Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals LP Box 87 Sugar Land TX 77487 0087 Phone 713 263 7256 7265 or 24hrs 800 231 6633 Fax 713 263 7955 III NAME ADDRESS AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF PRIMARY DISTRIBUTORS Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals LP Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals L P P O Box 87 P O Box 220 Sugar Land TX 77487 0087 Long Beach CA 90801 Phone 800 333 3714 Phone 310 639 1533 Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals LP Nalco Exxon Energy Chemicals L P 15555 Poydras Street 701 E Tudor Street 290 New Orleans LA 701
19. C Equipment Demobilization Demobilization of dispersant materials and equipment will be in accordance with the demobilization plan Normally the DOGS will provide notification through the chain of command to Logistics and Finance Sections when material and equipment is no longer needed and the DOGS recommends release Equipment will normally be cleaned refurbished and inspected prior to release Return shipment to point of origin may be by a more economical transportation mode than mobilization but portal to portal daily equipment rental rates should be considered 1 daily rental generally applies during return shipment All unused dispersant should be reclaimed from application equipment The cost of return shipment of unused dispersant should be balanced against replacement cost and stockpiling within the Area or Region IX 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENTS Attachments RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachments RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENT II A SITUATION AND DISPERSANT APPLICABILITY SUMMARY SITUATION A Release Source E Vessel Name Facility Name Pipeline Other B Date Time of Release C Oil Description See Attachment A List of Oil Products that enter each COTP Zone T Oil Type Refined T Crude Oil Name Specific API Gravity Viscosity temp
20. DOGS IV 5 Identify Resource Requirements Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page DOGS Safety Officer IV 6 Ensure Dispersant Operations Safety Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page DOGS Monitoring and Observer Coordination IV 6 Ensure Coordination of Monitoring and Designees Observer Programs Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment IV Dispersant Operations Plan Table of Contents Page As ERU IV 2 B Assemble Available Situation Information ssesseseseeeeee IV 3 Determine Scope and Develop debes IV 3 D Establish Appropriate Dispersant Response Organization IV 4 E Ensure Effective Radio Communications essere IV 5 F Identify Resource Requitements roit eret cede IV 5 G Ensure Dispersant Operations Safelyr soeben ett eee a y peii ds IV 6 Ensure Coordination of Monitoring and Observer IV 6 IV 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan IV Dispersant Operations Plan Table of Contents Cont Page Relevant Attachments Aerial Coverage Rates for Selected Spill Attach IV A Region III Dispersant Application Operational Capability Form
21. EXIT 48 SMART ISB Module Attachment 6 v 1 2000 START LOGGING RUN DATA Press RUN gt to start logging data The letter L will appear by MEMORY FREE key to indicate that instrument is logging data ADDITIONAL Press the menu button RUN MENU screen is on Press Scroll DATA OPTIONS _ Data Log SCROLL DATA LOG screen is on Press Summary 1 Disp Data Summary I screen ison Press Next Display Data Summary 2 screen is on with Tag STEL and TWA information Press Next Display Data Summary 3 screen is on Press Next screen back to SCROLL DATA LOG Press EXIT EXIT RUN DATA screen is on but run on hold Press again EXIT To continue RUN key EXIT Press lt EXIT gt run will continue TERMINATE From run mode press EXIT then Terminate RUN DATA RUN DataRAM contrast O Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the DataRAM interface 49 SMART ISB Module Attachment 7 v 1 2000 3 7 ISB Monitoring Possible Locations Monitoring locations are dictated by the potential for smoke exposure to human populations In general the monitoring teams deploy where the potential for human exposure to smoke is most probable Precise monitoring locations should be flexible and determined on a case by case basis In the figure below one team is deployed at the upwind edge of a sensitive location e g a town A second team deploys at the downwind end of this loca
22. Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per I 15 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT ADDITIONAL DISPERSANT STOCKS AND EQUIPMENT Additional dispersant providers Also partial equipment supply organizations such as dispersant bucket suppliers that do not supply the helicopters to carry them Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address icis Office 954 983 9880 Caribbean Home Clean Caribbean Co op Co op Cell Port Everglades FL Caller initials Y N Per Office 504 593 6700 Clean Gulf Assoc s Clean Gulf Home Panama City FL Assoc s Cell Grand Isle La Caller initials Per Houston TX Office 908 738 3002 Clean Harbors Home Clean Harbors Co op Co op Cell Edison NJ Caller initials Y N Per Office 302 645 7861 Delaware Bay Home Delaware Bay amp River Co op amp River Co op Cell Slaughter Beach DE Caller initials
23. IV J Site Safety Plan Template for Dispersant Operations Attach V Mobilize Dispersant Resources An MOC OUI a REOR SCR sana 1 B Arrange Availability of Resources iaceret deena eo V 2 C Designate Dispersant Operations Staging Areas sss V 2 D Auithenze Direct ee putes ien pu tino deas V 2 E Arrange Transportation amp Logistic Support essere V 3 Table V 1 Mobilization Checklist and Roadmap sss V 1 vi WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT Page VI Implement Dispersant Operations Plan A Implement Incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan in the Emergency Phase ep ler tens nant VEI B Integrate Dispersants Plans into the Incident Action VI 2 Table VI 1 Implement Dispersants Operations Plan Checklist and Roadmap o ee VI 1 VII Coordinate Dispersant Monitoring Protocol A Mobilize Monitoring Eden echa iiie VII 1 B Provide Monitoring Support Platform s 2 212 202204000000000000000000000000008143 VII 1 C Conduct Monitoring in Coordination with Dispersant Application VII 2 Table VII 1 Dispersant Monitoring Checklist a
24. Weather related hazards mark appropriate Seastate __ heat stress _ hypothermia __ frostbite severestorms fog other RESPONSE ORGANIZATION Function and Name Phone Number OSC Site Safety and Health Officer Scientific Support Coordinator Other Fed State Local reps Responsible Party ee C RESPONSE OBJECTIVES Dispersant application Dispersant observation Dispersant monitoring Other Detailed objectives shall be developed daily Dispersant workplan shall be attached to this site safety plan Attachment 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan D SITE CONTROL 1 Reporting Personnel involved with dispersant application observation and monitoring shall report to the safety officer and the Unified Command 2 Site Safety Plan Personnel involved with dispersant application observation and monitoring shall subscribe to this or other site safety plans approved by the safety and health officer 3 Training No person shall take part in the dispersant operation without adequate training in safety and health based on work assignment and relevant hazardous conditions 4 Site boundary Site boundaries and exclusion zones for dispersant operation shall be marked on a map attached and be modified as necessary 5 Exclusion zone Exclusion zone will be established by the Unified Command as needed to keep away vessels not involved with dispersant operatio
25. Y N Per Office 330 392 1111 Home USAF UAE Cell Youngstown OH Caller initials Y N Per Office 516 369 8644 Home NRC NRG Cell Miami FL Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Cell Caller initials Y N Per 1 16 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan II DISPERSANT APPLICABILITY Table II 1 Applicability Checklist and Roadmap Required Action Initial Responsibility 87 DOGS NOAA SSC Alternate II 1 Gather Incident Information p ertinent to Disp ersant Op erations Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page Determine Applicability DOGS NOAA SSC Alternate II 1 Will available dispersant disperse oil and protect sensitive areas net environmental Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page 9 benefit II Applicability Table of Contents AX BOUE e pd av E HP AER LERRA II 1 B Gather Incident s n 2 Determine Dispersant Applicability 2 Figure I 1 Dispersant Applicability Decision 3 Table II 1 Applicability Checklist and Roadmap sse II 1 Table II 2 Detmitiobs sce aont E M LL M II 4 Attachments A Situation and Dispersant Applicability Summary 4
26. added to stimulate the growth of indigenous oil degraders Since oil degrading bacteria usually grow at the expense of one or more components of crude oil and these organisms are ubiquitous there is usually no reason to add hydrocarbon degraders unless the indigenous bacteria are incapable of degrading one more important contaminants The size of the hydrocarbon degrading bacterial population usually increases rapidly in response to oil contamination and it is very difficult if not impossible to increase the microbial population oyer that which can be achieved by biostimulation alone The carrying capacity of most environments is probably determined by factors such as predation by protozoans the oil surface area or scouring of attached biomass by wave activity that are not affected by bioaugmentation and added bacteria seem to compete poorly with the indigenous population Therefore it is unlikely that they will persist in a contaminated beach even when they are added in high numbers a result bioaugmentation has never been shown to have any long term beneficial effects in shoreline cleanup operations Biostimulation involves the addition of rate limiting nutrients to accelerate biodegradation by indigenous microorganisms When an oil spill occurs it results in a huge influx of carbon into the impacted environment Carbon 18 the basic structural component of living matter and in order for the indigenous microorganism
27. developed through the coordinated efforts of EPA s Subcommittee on National Bioremediation Spill Response and the members of the Region 4 Regional Response Team RRT using EPA s Interim Guidelines for Preparing Bioremediation Spill Response Plans PURPOSE This document has a threefold purpose To outline a process by which Federal On Scene Coordinators OSCs in Region 4 may request authorization to use bioremediation in response to spills of oil or hazardous substances the authorization procedures presented are consistent with the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan NCP To define the types of information necessary to determine if bioremediation is feasible provide as much of this information in advance as possible and outline a mechanism for capturing information on bioremediation use for future decision making and To describe how to implement a bioremediation activity and determine if bioremediation is working The document is intended to guide decision makers in evaluating the appropriateness of bioremediation in the cleanup strategy for a spill and in undertaking a bioremediation activity Ultimately decisions regarding the use of bioremediation must be based on the OSC s best judgment given the particular circumstances of the spill incident The RRT s Response Technology Committee will examine on an as needed basis the information in this plan consider any new advances in and additional exper
28. the data Typically this falls under the responsibility of a Technical Specialist on in situ burning in the Planning Section of the command structure The observation and monitoring data will flow from the Monitoring Teams to the Monitoring Group Supervisor The Group Supervisor forwards the data to the Technical Specialist The Technical Specialist or his her representative reviews the data and most importantly formulates recommendations based on the data The Technical Specialist communicates these recommendations to the Unified Command Quality assurance and control should be applied to the data at all levels The Technical Specialist is the custodian of the data during the operation but ultimately the data belongs to the Unified Command The Unified Command should ensure that the data are properly archived presentable and accessible for the benefit of future monitoring operations 39 SMART ISB Module v 1 2000 3 ATTACHMENTS The following attachments are designed to assist response personnel in implementing the SMART protocol A short description of each attachment is provided below Number Title Description 3 1 Roles and Responsibilities Provides detailed roles and responsibilities for responders filling monitoring positions 3 2 Command Control and Data Flow A suggested ICS structure for controlling monitoring units and transferring monitoring results 3 3 ISB Monitoring Training Outline General training guidelines
29. 90 6 Air Tractor 801 800 160 80 2 5 200 150 D Large Vessel gt 100ft 3000 2 2 35 8 600 300 84 100 15 3 10 8 Small Vessel 600 1 1 71 7 120 60 8 20 25 3 10 0 20 40 feet Fire Monitor Vessel 5 20 Vessel Vessel Vessel Vessel Vessel 2 15 10 Dependent Dependent Dependent Dependent Dependent Dependent Notes Assumes Full Payload 5 Small platforms may be the best choice for larger spills to treat the leading edge and thicker portions of the slick until a larger and more effective platform can arrive on scene For notes 1 through 10 see next page Attachment IV C 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT APPLICATION PLATFORM CAPABILITY DECISION MATRIX NOTES NOTES 1 Forrelatively small spills and where transit distance is short Platform has relatively short operational duration and spray capacity 2 Most capable platform for large spills Has high endurance and spray capacity Ifa Coast Guard C 130 Hercules is used to support ADDS Pack deployment in accordance with existing MOAs a modification removal of rails in cargo bay to the aircraft setup will be necessary which would take 6 to 8 hours to complete This delay should be accounted for when considering aircraft availability 3 Good platform for endurance Spray capacity is less than half of Adds Pack For medium to large spills 4 Use for medium to large spills Moderate endurance Sp
30. Accurate sample identification and proper control of samples is essential A chain of custody procedure will be established and implemented which will ensure integrity of the samples and proper handling of the samples 37 APPENDIX F INFORMATION FEEDBACK BIOREMEDIATION USE FOLLOW UP FORM Lessons learned from a spill cleanup operation are most useful when others particularly those not personally involved in the original cleanup operation can benefit from them by drawing upon the original responders experiences Region 4 has established a program to facilitate the collection and transfer of information on uses of bioremediation that is intended to provide decision makers with case data upon which future decisions regarding bioremediation may be based Particularly because response officials have very limited experience with bioremediation in uncontrolled environments such as open water and other marine areas this program is expected to be a valuable resource for supporting informed decisions regarding bioremediation The principal objective of this bioremediation information feedback program in Region 4 are as follows To gather relevant accurate descriptive and complete information from sites where bioremediation has been used for spill response and To provide that information via an accessible network to future decision makers who are considering the use of bioremediation The Bioremediation Use Follow Up Form on the follow
31. Amend Site Safety Plan Amend site safety plan to include monitoring operations Operations e Coordinate with Operations Section Chief Coordinate with Technical Specialist Monitoring what where who how Safety and emergency procedures Deploy to location with Operations Section Chief Select site e Safe e Consistent with monitoring plan Aslittle interference as possible Communication with Group Supervisor and UC possible up instrumentation Unpack DataRAM set it up using instrument REMIS sheet Verify calibration LT position Use GPS to mark position in recorder sheet e Re enter position if changing location Collect background data Start monitoring If possible record background before the burn begins burn data Continue monitoring as long as burn is on Monitor for background readings for 15 30 minutes after the smoke clears data Enter e Instantaneous and TWA readings every 3 5 minutes or other fixed intervals Initial position from GPS new position if moving Initial wind speed and direction air temperature relative humidity re enter if conditions change 45 SMART ISB Module Attachment 4 v 1 2000 Conduct quality assurance Verify that instrument is logging the data and control Record data location relative humidity temp wind interferences in the recorder data sheet Note and record interference from other sources of particulates such as indust
32. Attach IV B See sample spreadsheet printout and computer disk Region IV Dispersant Application Platform Capability Matrix Attach IV C Region IV Dispersant Operation Plan Attach IV D Operational Planning Worksheet 5 215 0000 Attach IV E Assignment List I 82209 con oed dent eroi ttu eme costal aca lees Attach IV F Region IV s ICS Organization Chart for Dispersant Use Attach IV G Region IV s ICS Dispersant Use Organizational Relationships Attach IV H Incident Command Functional Checklists for Dispersant Use Attach IV I Dispersant Application Logistics and Support Checklist Attach IV J Site Safety Plan Template for Dispersant Attach IV K References Notification Info 8 96 ICS Form presented as DOIP table 2 Dispersant Mission Planner A computer application available through the SSC Oil Spill Field Operations Guide ICS OS 420 1 FOG A Introduction When a spill has occurred it is already too late to develop an effective dispersant operations plan from scratch The DOIP as customized in the Area Contingency Plan ACP for each FOSC should provide a nearly complete incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan When incident details are available spill location
33. CONT VESSEL OF OPPORTUNITY DISPERSANT SYSTEMS VODS Transportable systems to be mounted on local vessels Mobilization of suitable vessels to be coordinated by Logistics Section Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office 908 738 3002 Clean Harbors Fons Clean Harbors Co op Co op p l Edison NJ Caller initials Y N P gr Office 302 645 7861 Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Delaware Bay amp River Co op Delaware Bay amp River Co op Slaughter Beach DE Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per I 12 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT SPOTTER AIRCRAFT For directing application aircraft and or vessel The same aircraft may be listed on spotter monitoring and observer aircraft lists This list may be shared with the Logistics Section to designate and mobiliz
34. D1963 5 pH 64 6 Chemical Name and Percentage by Weight of the Total Formulation CONFIDENTIAL Attachment IV K 22 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 7 Surface Active Agents CONFIDENTIAL 8 Solvents CONFIDENTIAL 9 Additives None 10 Solubility Soluble in fresh water but dispersible in sea water 7 IX ANALYSIS FOR HEAVY METALS CYANIDE AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS COMPOUND CONCENTRATION ppm Arsenic 0 16 Cadmium N D Chromium 0 03 Copper 0 10 Lead N D Mercury N D Nickel N D Zinc N D Cyanide N D Chlorinated Hydrocarbons N D N D Not Detected Attachment 23 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS ATTACHMENT 74 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT LEVEL C OPERATION FOR WHICH THIS LEVEL C ENSEMBLE APPLIES Dispersant application observation and monitoring SPLASH SUIT Tyvek Saranex INNER GLOVES Nitrile OUTER GLOVES Silvershield Solvex 22 Ansol ___ Fireball OUTER SAFETY BOOTS ____ Neoprene ____ Outer booties OTHER ___ Full Face Air Purifying Respirator Cartridges ____ Hard Hat EEBA Attachment IV K 24 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan LEVEL D OPERATION FOR WHICH THIS LEVEL D ENSEMBLE APPLIES 222 Cloth coveralls OPTION long sleeved coveralls poison plant areas OPT
35. Federal On Scene Coordinator FOSC through the Scientific Support Coordinator SSC Personnel are normally deployed as a fluorometry monitoring team on a monitor vessel s or observation vessel s to measure dispersed oil in the water column Documents monitoring activities as required in the Dispersant Operation Plan Obtain photos digital imagery video and infrared imagery as appropriate to document operation Identify remote sensing and tracking requirements and the applicable support needed Early launch is desirable for SMART monitoring teams aircraft and other operational components Use DRAT to help coordinate logistics Use tracking buoys Plan ahead for availability Buoys will assist tracking the slick at night and will also help with trajectory work Attachment IV I 8 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Identify choices for remote sensing Unified Command should use SMART for monitoring operations Monitoring must be integrated into overall operation Monitors must have compatible communications with other operational elements Attachment IV I 9 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan OBSERVATION AIRCRAFT VESSEL OBSERVERS A The observation aircraft or vessels the observers are platforms and persons specifically assigned to observe the dispersant operation Their observer status should be authorized by the Unified command on the basis of their po
36. Lui e ER e PI Du ee vp EN ua RR de usi VII 1 B Provide Monitoring Support Platform s sess VII 1 C Conduct Monitoring in Coordination with Dispersant Application VII 2 Table VII 1 Dispersant Monitoring Checklist and VII 1 Attachments Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Aerial 18 Attach VII A Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Waterborne Checklist Attach VII B A Mobilize Monitoring Team The FOSC s designated Monitoring Team should be notified of the spill by the FOSC s duty section as addressed in section I of this DOIP and should be mobilized by the DOGS when dispersant application resources are mobilized The Coast Guard Strike Teams are being trained and equipped to conduct dispersant monitoring B Provide Monitoring Support Platform s The emergency phase of a spill response operation is not a good time to determine monitoring support vessel requirements and to locate suitable vessels The Area Committee should coordinate with the designated Monitoring Team s during the Area planning process to determine monitoring vessel requirements Local area regional vessels determined suitable for VII 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan monitoring team support should be so listed in the Area Contingency Plan and
37. Plan has been provided in this Selection Guide as a starting point for Region III s use It is included in this Guide without revisions and is awaiting Region III revision and comment 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 2 06 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST STEP 1 EVALUATING THE NEED FOR BURNING NATURE SIZE AND TYPE OF PRODUCT SPILLED A Name of incident B Date and time of incident Month Day Year Time C Incident Grounding Transfer Operations Explosion Collision Blowout Other D Did source burn No Issourcestill burning Yes No E Spill location Latitude Longitude F Distance in miles and direction to nearest land Nearest human use area G Product s released Heavy Crude Bunker C 6 fuel oil Medium crude Diesel 72 fuel oil Jet fuels gasoline Other H Product easily emulsified Yes No I Product already emulsified No Light emulsion 0 20 Moderate emulsion 21 50 Heavy emulsion 75196 Unknown J Estimated volume of released product gals bbls tons K Estimated volume of product potentially released gals bbls tons L Release status Continuous Intermittent One time only now stopped Yes No If continuous or intermittent specify rate of release gals bbls tons per hour M Estimated water surface covered square miles N If ashore or onland what is the surface area covered acres sq ft
38. Section and advised that further guidance will be provided when initial dispersant use decisions are made by the RP FOSC SSC and DOGS Position Date Time Date Time ETA Responder Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Category Name Numbers Email Address Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Alternate Home Monitoring Hotel Team Leader Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Alternate Home Observers Hotel Coordinator Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Monitoring Team Leader Observers Coordinator 1 8 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT DISPERSANT APPROVAL CONTACTS Notification Responsibilities The following will be initially notified of the spill by Position Date Time Avail Date Time ETA Responder Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Category Name Numbers Email Address Office Home EPA Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Office Home USCG Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Office Home DOI Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N NOTE Notify
39. Use Per applicable guidelines Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page Note The above steps are provided as general guidelines The dispersant use approval process and areas of pre approval for Region III are presented in the Region III Regional Contingency Plan RCP This draft of the DOIP does not include a duplication or synopsis of this RCP information If such an addition is determined to be useful one will be developed at a later date 11 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan IV DEVELOP INCIDENT SPECIFIC DISPERSANT OPERATIONS PLAN Table IV 1 Dispersant Operations Plan Checklist and Roadmap 5 T EE DOIP N Required Action Initial Responsibility Page 4 Dispersant Operations wes Assemble Available Situation Group Supervisor DOGS Information ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment DOGS SSC IV 3 Determine Scope and Develop Plan Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page DOGS IV 4 Establish Appropriate Dispersant Response Organization Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page DOGS Logistics Section Chief IV 5 Ensure Effective Radio Communications Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page
40. When the time weighted average readings approach or exceed the Level of Concern LOC the team leader conveys this information to the Burn Coordinator who passes it on to the Technical Specialist in the Planning Section Scientific Support Coordinator where applicable which reviews and interprets the data and passes them with appropriate recommendations to the Unified Command 2 3 Monitoring Locations Monitoring locations are dictated by the potential for smoke exposure to human and environmentally sensitive areas Taking into account the prevailing winds and atmospheric conditions the location and magnitude of the burn modeling output if available the location of population centers and input from state and local health officials the monitoring teams are deployed where the potential exposure to the smoke may be most substantial Precise monitoring locations should be flexible and determined on a case by case basis In general one team is deployed at the upwind edge of a sensitive location A second team is deployed at the downwind end of this location Both teams remain at their designated locations moving only to improve sampling capabilities A third team is more mobile and is deployed at the discretion of the burn coordinator It should be emphasized that while visual monitoring is conducted continuously as long as the burn takes place air sampling using SMART is not needed if there is no potential for human exposure to the smoke
41. Yes No 1 Estimated smoke plume trajectory miles 5 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST STEP 3 IS BURNING ACCEPTABLE EVALUATION OF ANTICIPATED EMISSIONS A Using an appropriate chart plot and calculate the following locations and distances 1 Location of proposed burn in reference to source 2 Location of proposed burn in reference to nearest ignitable oil slick or slicks 3 Location of proposed burn in reference to nearest land 4 Location of proposed burn in reference nearby human habitation use areas e g towns villages fishing recreational camps airports strips roads etc Determine the following 1 Distance between burn and land or non flat terrain miles 2 Distance between proposed burn and spill source miles 3 Distance between burn and human habitation use area miles 4 Surface of the proposed burn or burns approx sq 5 Will impairment of visibility affect airports Yes No 1 Isthere a risk of accidental secondary fires Yes No 2 burning be conducted in a controlled fashion Yes No Using a distance of miles with the forecasted wind direction plot the estimated smoke plume with particulate concentration 7150 g m Determine if the anticipated smoke plume will disperse before reaching populated areas Yes No DETERMINATION OF ACCEPTABILITY A Does the estimated smoke plume impact a populated area with part
42. and oil threatens or continues to threaten the public interest or the environment other response countermeasures and technologies should be considered The effective and timely evaluation of these countermeasures may play a critical role in a successful oil spill response This Selection Guide is a compilation of information and guidance on the use of oil spill response technologies and actions that may be unfamiliar to Federal or state on scene coordinators or local incident commanders This Guide has been developed to provide the oil spill decision maker with a tool that provides all the information required to make a decision regarding the use of a particular applied technology product or countermeasure This volume provides a placeholder for region specific and well as nationally recognized implementation and operation planning information for the use of these applied technologies The primary objective of this guide is to provide guidance procedures to implement and monitor the use of applied technologies during oil spill response operations Much of the information in Volume 2 is region specific The Selection Guide includes information on the implementation and operational use of applied technologies to counter the effects of spilled oil on land on inland waters fresh and estuarine and coastal waters This volume of the Selection Guide provides the decision maker with a placeholder to retain and maintain all guidance inf
43. and phone C Form completed by name title and agency 40 APPENDIX 5 Anderson J P E Principles of and Assay Systems for Biodegradation Biotechnology and Biodegradation vol 4 Advances in Applied Biotechnology Series Texas The Portfolio Publishing Company 1990 pp 129 146 Atlas R M Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons in the Environment Environmental Biotechnology New York Plenum Press 1988 Atlas Ronald M Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons an Environmental Perspective Microbiological Reviews March 1981 pp 180 209 Leahy J G and R R Colwell Microbial Degradation of Hydrocarbons in the Environment Microbiological Reviews September 1990 Ponier Ralph J Bioremediation Using Adapted Bacterial Cultures Topic 1 Examination of Site Data and Discussion of Microbial Physiology With Regard to Site Remediation Proceedings of the Hazardous Materials Control Research Institute s First National Conference on Bioremediation 1990 pp 321 361 US Environmental Protection Agency Guide for Preparation of Quality Assurance Project Plans for the National Estuarine Program EPA 556 2 88 001 Office of Marine and Estuarine Protection Washington DC June 1988 41 ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON BIOREMEDIATION Ahearn D G Microbial Degradation of Oil Pollutants Workshop Georgia State University December 4 6 1972 Proceedings Louisiana State University Center f
44. arrangements contracts interagency agreements etc should be established to ensure ready vessel availability Unless other arrangements are in place when the Monitoring Team is mobilized the FOSC Unified Command s Logistics Section should arrange adequate monitoring vessel support C Conduct Monitoring in Coordination with Dispersant Application The Monitoring Team s activities will be conducted in accordance with regional Contingency Plan guidance The Area Contingency Plan should address the organization of the Dispersant Operations Group in the Incident Command System ICS structure The Region IV approach placing the Monitoring Team under the control of the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor as indicated in attachment IV G and discussed in DOIP section IV is recommended Region IV s Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Aerial Checklist and their Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Waterborne Checklist attachments VII 1 and VII 2 are provided for reference VII 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan VIII COORDINATE DISPERSANT OBSERVER PROGRAM Table VIII 1 Dispersant Observer Program Checklist and Roadmap 25 71 DOIP N Required Action Initial Responsibility Page Dispersant Observation Team 1 Determine Observer Program Leader Requirements ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Dispersan
45. averaged over 1 hour For information purposes Attachment 2 compares emission rates from the NOBE test burns with other known sources Burning will occur at a minimum of three miles downwind from sensitive human population centers 1 hospitals schools day care retirement nursing homes FOSC will give due consideration to the direction of the wind and the possibility of the wind blowing precipitate over population centers or sensitive resources A safety margin of 45 degrees of arc on either side of predicted wind vectors should be considered for shifts in wind direction 10 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan When to Use Consider in situ burning under these conditions To remove oil to prevent it s spread to sensitive sites or over large areas To reduce the generation of oily wastes especially where transportation or disposal options are limited Where access to the site is limited by shallow water soft substrates thick vegetation or the remoteness of the location As a removal technique when other methods begin to lose effectiveness or become too intrusive Favorable conditions include Remote or sparsely populated sites at least 3 miles from populated areas Fresh crudes or light inter mediate refined products which burn more readily and efficiently Mostly herbaceous vegetation though some shrubs and trees are fire tolerant Areas void of vegetation such as dirt roads ditches dry streambeds
46. beach subsurface and horizontally through the beach in a seaward direction Vertical transport was driven by waves whereas horizontal transport was driven by tides The Maine work suggested that surface application of nutrients would be ineffective on high energy beaches because most of the nutrients will be lost to dilution at high tide On low energy beaches however this is an effective and economical bioremediation strategy Nutrients that are released from slow release or oleophilic formulations will probably behave similarly to the dissolved lithium tracer that was used in the study Thus they will not be effective on high energy beaches unless the release rate is high enough to achieve adequate nutrient concentrations while the tide is out Subsurface application of nutrients might be more effective on high energy beaches Since crude oil does not penetrate deeply into most beach matrices however nutrients must be present near the beach surface to effectively stimulate bioremediation Since nutrients move downward and seaward during transport through the intertidal zone of sandy beaches nutrient application strategies that rely on subsurface introduction must provide some mechanism for insuring that the nutrients reach the oil contaminated area near the surface Freshwater Environments With respect to freshwater shorelines an oil spill is most likely to have the greatest impact on wetlands or marshes rather than a wide shoreline zon
47. between treated and untreated plots were observed in the biodegradation rates of total alkane and total aromatic hydrocarbons First order rate constants for disappearance of individual hopane normalized alkanes and PAHs were computed and the patterns of loss were typical of biodegradation Significant differences were not observed between plots treated with nutrients alone and plots treated with nutrients and an indigenous inoculum of oil degraders from the site The high rate of oil biodegradation that was observed in the untreated plots was attributed to the relatively high background nitrogen concentrations that were measured at the site OTHER RESEARCH Continuing research is ongoing to evaluate bioremediation and phytoremediation plant assisted enhancement of oil biodegradation for their applicability to clean up oil spills contaminating salt marshes and freshwater wetlands Data will be available in the year 2000 for the freshwater wetland study and 2001 for the salt marsh By December of 2000 EPA is planning to produce a draft guidance document detailing the use of bioremediation for sandy marine beaches and freshwater wetlands EPA is also studying the biodegradability of non petroleum oils vegetable oils and animal fats and their impacts on the environment during biodegradation Reports will be available some time in 2000 CONCLUSION In conclusion bioremediation is a proven alternative treatment tool that can be used to
48. but most of these rely on dissolution of the nutrients into the aqueous phase before they can be used by hydrocarbon degraders Therefore design of effective oil bioremediation strategies and nutrient delivery systems requires an understanding of the transport of dissolved nutrients in the intertidal zone Transport through the porous matrix of a marine beach is driven by a combination of tides waves and flow of freshwater from coastal aquifers Tidal influences cause the groundwater elevation in the beach and the resulting hydraulic gradients to fluctuate rapidly Wave activity affects groundwater flow through two main mechanisms First when waves run up the beach face ahead of the tide some of the water percolates vertically through the sand above the water line and flows horizontally when it reaches the water table Waves can also affect groundwater movement in the submerged areas of beaches by a pumping mechanism that is driven by differences in head between wave crests and troughs In 1994 and later in 1995 tracer studies were conducted on the shorelines of Delaware and Maine to study the rate of nutrient transport in low and high energy sandy beaches The Delaware work showed that the rate of tracer washout from the bioremediation zone i e upper 25 cm below the beach surface was more rapid when tracer was applied at spring tide than at neap tide but the physical path taken by the tracer plume moved vertically into the
49. by Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Personnel Note A person can hold more than one functional position especially within the Unified Command Post and depending on the platform resources deployed Incident Commander Operations Section Chief Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Spotter Sprayer Effectiveness Monitor Operations Observer Planning Section Chief Technical Specialists SSC Logistics Section Chief Support Branch Chief Supply Unit Leader Ground Support Unit Leader Vessel Air Support Unit Leader Finance Section Chief Procurement Unit Leader E AEST SES SES eps EE BE Cost Time Unit Leader Attachment IV J 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Equipment Note Number of aircraft and vessels needed are dependent on size complexity of the operation vessels or aircraft can serve more than one function Spotter Aircraft Spray Aircraft or Vessel various E Spray Aircraft Types Helicopter various C 130 Hercules DC 4 DC 6B DC 3 Fokker F 27 or Canadair CL 215 See o g Agriculture Spray Planes Piper Pawnee Cessna Agtruck Ayres Thrush Turbo Thrush Cl Air Tractor 801 Camera film and digital Video Camera Infrared Camera Binoculars GPS Equipment Attachment IV J 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Materials Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Proper Quantity
50. by the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor within the ICS Observers have no operational authority or responsibility by virtue of the observer designation VIII 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan B Determine Observer Program Requirements The Dispersant Observation Team Leader coordinates with State and Federal Trustees and determines the scope of the required Observer Program Key trustees may have already been notified of the operation by the FOSC s duty section as indicated in section I of this DOIP Determine Support Requirements When the scope of the Observation Program has been estimated the Dispersant Observation Team Leader coordinates with the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor and relays observation aircraft and or vessel requirements via the chain of command to the Logistics section D Ensure Observer Safety The Dispersant Observation Team Leader will coordinate with the Safety Officer and the observation aircraft and or vessel operators as required to ensure that all observers receive appropriate safety briefings and that they are equipped with required personal protective equipment PPE per the Site Safety Plan and best commercial practice E Ensure Adequate Communications The Dispersant Observation Team Leader will coordinate with the DOGS and with the Logistics Section s Communications Unit to ensure that the observation vessels and or aircraft can communicate with o
51. communication with the Monitoring Group Supervisor Advises the Group Supervisor on team placement and data collection procedures Receives the data from the Group Supervisor Ensures QA QC of the data and analyzes the data in the context of other available information and incident specific conditions Formulates recommendations and forwards them to the Unified Command Makes the recommendations and data available to other entities in the ICS e Archives the data for later use prepares report as needed SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 2 v 1 2000 3 2 Command Control and Data Flow In general dispersant monitoring operations take place as an integral part of the Incident Command System see Figures 1 and 2 Dispersant monitoring operations are tactically deployed by the Operations Section Chief or designate in cooperation with the Technical Specialist SSC in the Planning Section regarding the specifics of the monitoring operations especially if they affect the data collected The Monitoring Group Supervisor provides specific on scene directions to the monitoring teams during field deployment and operations The observation and monitoring data flow from the Monitoring Teams to the Monitoring Group Supervisor After initial QA QC the Group Supervisor passes the data to the Technical Specialist to review apply QA QC if needed and most importantly formulate recommendations based on the data The Technical Specialist forwards these recomm
52. dispersant applications are completed the Monitoring Group Supervisor directs the sampling boat to deploy the first Davis Drifter set to one meter at the position previously marked as the upper application boundary Figure 5 After approximately ten minutes the second Davis Drifter also set for a one meter depth is deployed as closely as LORAN or 31 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 12 v 1 2000 GPS will allow to the exact location of the first Davis Drifter The direction and speed of the dispersed oil plume can be estimated by observing the line established by these Davis Drifters and the distance between them Figure 6 Deploy first Davis Drifter Sampling vessel Treated surface slick Figure 5 Deploying the first Davis Drifter following dispersant application Route of sampling vessel Deploy second Davis Drifter at original location of the first drifter First Davis Drifter moved with dispersed oil Dispersed subsurface oil Figure 6 Deploying the second Davis Drifter 3 12 4 Tier III Monitoring Operations If monitoring indicates that dispersant application is effective the Unified Command may request that additional monitoring be done to collect information on the transport and dilution trends of the dispersed oil Tier III may be conducted to address this information need 3 12 4 1 Multiple Depths with One Fluorometer This monitoring technique provides a cross s
53. high level response checklist to properly initiate all required dispersant related activities upon initial notification of a spill When properly customized and inserted in the Area Contingency Plan ACP page ii will assign responsibilities and serve as a roadmap to direct assigned personnel to appropriate sections of the DOIP for implementation guidance The Table of Contents on page iv provides detail on the contents of each section of the DOIP The detailed Table of Contents for each section is repeated as a response checklist at the beginning of that section to simplify its use by assigned area personnel The DOIP Foreword on page iii is not intended for response but rather provides guidance for use of the DOIP as a planning tool RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Checklist and Roadmap Note Dispersants are most effective when applied to fresh oil slicks They lose their effectiveness over time and depending on the characteristics of the spilled oil will generally be ineffective when the oil has weathered for between 48 to 72 hours or more This narrow window of opportunity makes it critical that this implementation plan support early dispersant use decisions resource mobilization incident specific planning etc Table 1 DOIP Checklist and Roadmap below and the Plan sections that follow are intended to encourage and support rapid implementation of appropriate actions Table 1 identifies a series of Respon
54. idle crop land In wetlands with an adequate water layer at least 1 covering the substrate prevents thermal damage to soil and roots and keeps oil from penetrating substrate However a water layer is not mandatory at a minimum the soils should be water saturated at least 70 Limiting Factors Environmental Constraints Heavy weathered or emulsified oils may not ignite A crust or residue is often left behind after burning and may need to be broken up or removed to speed restoration Prolonged flooding of a burned wetland may kill burned plants if they are completely submerged Erosion may be a problem in burned areas if plant cover is reduced short term erosion control measures may be needed The site may need protection from overgrazing especially since herbivores may be 11 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan attracted to new growth at burned sites Thickness of the oil to be burned must be at least 0 5cm Monitoring Requirements Suggestions Monitoring in situ burning for effectiveness is the responsibility of the FOSC monitoring for effects 1s the responsibility of the trustees Monitoring to establish Continue Discontinue data for input to the FOSC will be conducted utilizing a tiered approach as outlined in the SMART plan An inability to conduct monitoring operations will not be grounds for discontinuing or prohibiting in situ burn operations All burns must incorporate visual monitoring at the burn
55. in responses to spills in Region 4 are summarized below Federal Regulations At the Federal level Subpart J of the NCP governs the use of chemical and biological agents which include bioremediation agents in responding to oil spills Specifically the Subpart Restricts the use of chemical and biological agents that may affect US waters to those listed on the NCP Product Schedule Specifies technical product information that must be submitted to EPA for an agent to be added to the Schedule and Establishes conditions for obtaining authorization to use chemical or biological agents in a response action If EPA determines that the required data were submitted EPA will add the agent to the Schedule Note however that listing of an agent on the NCP Product Schedule does not constitute approval of that agent for use or confirmation of any claims regarding the agent s safety or effectiveness Data on agents listed on the NCP Product Schedule are available through EPA s Emergency Response Division in Washington DC The OSC with concurrence of RRT 4 including the RRT representative from the State with jurisdiction over the waters threatened by the spill may authorize the use of any agent listed on the Product Schedule In addition when practicable the OSC should consult with the Department of Commerce DOC and Department of Interior DOI representatives to the RRT before making a decision to bioremediate a spill If the use of p
56. is not a factor 3 Prior to any in situ burn operations the FOSC will review the decision diagram contained in Appendix I 4 The USCG agrees with EPA DOI DOC NOAA and the states that if a decision has been made to use in situ burning under the provisions of this agreement the FOSC will immediately notify EPA DOI DOC NOAA and the states of that decision This initial notification will include but is not limited to the following information to the extent available Type and amount of oil discharged Area affected The projected area of impact of the oil if not burned Reasons why in situ burning has been selected as a mitigation technique On scene weather 5 The checklist form in Appendix II shall be completed for all burns and provided to RRT members in a timely manner for documentation and informational purposes If the Responsible Party RP requests the use of in situ burning members of this organization will be reponsible for completing the checklist in Appendix II If the RP is unknown and the request to burn is made by another party the FOSC will be responsible for completing this checklist 6 Burning will be conducted by trained professionals using recognized techniques and technology Burning will be conducted in a way that allows for safe and effective control of the burn to the maximum extent feasible including the ability to rapidly stop the burn if necessary Containment and control using fire resistant boom is recogn
57. make observations based on those decisions Different Observers at the same site may reach different conclusions about how much of the slick had been dispersed This is why standard reporting criteria and adherence to a common set of guidelines is important Oil On The Water Oil surface slicks and plumes can appear different for many reasons including oil or product characteristics time of day different sun angles weather sea state rate at which oil disperses etc Low contrast conditions i e overcast twilight haze etc make observations difficult For best viewing the sun should be behind you and with the aircraft at an altitude of about 200 300 feet flying at a 30 degree angle to the slick Dispersant Applications During dispersants application it may not be possible to determine the actual area of thickest oil concentrations resulting in variable oil to dispersant application rates This could lead to variations in the effectiveness of application These conditions should be reported by the observer Initial application may have a herding effect on the oil This would make the slick appear to be shrinking however it is the dispersant pushing the oil together Due to this effect in some cases the oil slick may even visibly disappear from the sea surface for a short time After dispersant application there may be color changes on the emulsified slick due to reduction in water content and viscosity
58. monitoring teams or An additional structured day of training as suggested below Review of ICS and role of monitoring group in it roles of Monitoring hour Group Supervisor what the data mean QA QC of data command and control of teams communication and reporting the data Field exercise Practice deploying instruments in the field with emphasis 3 6 hours on reporting QA QC of data communication between teams and the Group Supervisor and communication with the Technical Specialist Back to the base practice downloading the data 17 SMART Dispersants Module Attachment 8 v 1 2000 3 8 4 Refresher Training Review of SMART What is it why do it what is its purpose Monitoring and reporting Who where and when level of concern what the data mean communication and reporting the data Basic instrument operation hands on how the fluorometer works and how 2 hours to operate it brief description of the mechanism setup calibration reading data and troubleshooting using GPS Downloading data Field exercise Outside the classroom set up instrument on a platform and 1 3 hours measure background readings Using fluoroscein or other common input sources monitor fluorescence levels Practice recording reporting and downloading data Lessons learned 30 45 min 18 SMART Dispersants Module Attachment 9 v 1 2000 3 9 Dispersant Monitoring Job Aid Checklist This checklist is designed to assist SMA
59. need is identified DRAT can assist Obtain short and long term weather forecasts Comply with the dispersant use planning protocols for the RRT region including completing of any checklist consultations and dissemination of required information to the RRT or others Continue other countermeasures and operations as appropriate while waiting for dispersants or in conjunction with dispersant use Treat thickest part of the slick as the priority Consider using a tiered response plan e g most available response means fist while waiting for more desirable response equipment For example start dispersant treatment with vessels and fire monitors or helicopters with a spray bucket until larger platforms such as a C 130 arrive Determine the relationship between the RP and the government s implementation of the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor responsibility Develop Safety Plan for Dispersant Operation Establish applicable Safety Zones and Restricted Airspace to ensure safety of vessels aircraft and personnel during the operation Use the NOAA dispersant mission planning software to develop a range of scenarios and a comparison table for planning purposes Initiate recording and download capability for GPS or written documentation GPS capability and maps should show application and no application zones for open ocean Attachment IV I 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SPOTTER A
60. of data collected from all bioremediation response efforts conducted within Region 4 through compliance with USEPA Region IV s Sampling Standard Operating Procedures This is done in order that the data may be used to enhance our understanding of bioremediation as an oil spill response tool Properly collected validated and interpreted data will provide critical information to assess the efficacy and environmental impact of bioremediation treatment and related response activities Such documentation is needed to identify and correct problems in the biological treatment process to determine whether bioremediation endpoints have been reached to ensure that biotreatment is less environmentally harmful than the spilled pollutant and to support cost recovery and other legal actions Secondarily the data can be used for developing regional and national data bases interfacing with natural resource trustees preparing interim and final reports and revising this biomonitoring plan Quality Assurance The quality of environmental data used to support OSC decision making is critical to a spill response that considers or uses bioremediation The primary goal of the quality assurance QA program is to ensure the accuracy of the environmental data considered by the OSC and RRT 4 It is the QA policy of RRT 4 that all activities associated with data collection and derivation are to be documented thoroughly A monitoring program manager should be selected
61. of one or more legs each leg being as close as possible to a constant course and speed The recommended speed is 1 2 knots The monitoring team records the vessel position at the beginning and end of each leg The fluorescence data may be reviewed in real time to assess the relative enhanced dispersion of the water soluble fraction of the oil Figure 1 shows an example of how the continuous flow data may be presented 29 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 12 v 1 2000 Dispersed oil Response Control background No data Figure 1 Example of a graphical presentation of fluorometer data 3 12 3 Tier II Monitoring Locations Two methods are described for designating the area to be monitored 3 12 3 1 The Box Coordinates Method The observation aircraft identifies the target slick or target zone for the sampling vessel by a four corner box Figure 2 Each corner of the box is a specific latitude longitude and the target zone is plotted on a chart or map for easy reference The sampling vessel positions near the slick and configures the fluorometer sampling array The pre application sampling transect crosses the narrow width of the box After completing the sampling transect the sampling vessel waits at a safe distance during dispersant application Data logging may continue during this period Fifteen to twenty minutes after dispersants have been applied the observation aircraft generates a second box by providing the lati
62. of the Group specifically Plan Holder personnel and the suppliers of dispersant application equipment spotter aircraft etc are not members of the FOSC s staff Tabletop and Equipment Deployment exercises involving the whole Group will be critical to the success of actual dispersant operations Federal and state dispersant use decision makers EPA DOI DOC and potentially affected states must also be involved in all Tabletops and Equipment Deployment Exercises to identify and resolve potential problems in the approval process These decision makers must also be familiar and comfortable with the entire Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan specifically applicability and approval sections and B Assemble Available Situation Information Early and continuing communication between the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS the NOAA SSC or designated alternate and the FOSC s duty section and later the Situation Unit of the Planning Section should ensure that all parties are implementing assigned responsibilities with the benefit of the most current information It will generally be desirable for the DOGS and the SSC to proceed to the Incident Command Post as early as possible for ready access to current information In any event it is recommended that the ICS Form Notification Info 8 96 DOIP Table I 1 be used to document and communicate incident information at least early in the response This form may be
63. of the slick multiple sprayer aircraft or vessels may be needed B The specific duties of the Sprayer are as follows e Verifies calibration of spray application e Loads dispersant e Establishes and maintains communications with the Spotter Aircraft Applies dispersants as directed by the Spotter Aircraft Documents the details of the dispersant application including the exact location using a Global Positioning System GPS recorder and spray log if possible e Properly disposes of residual dispersant O EE T Attachment 6 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SPRAYER LOG SHEET Completed by Sprayer GENERAL Incident Name Application Platform Name Date Time OF Sortie Location of the Spill LAT LONG Amount Type of Oil Spilled Dispersant Type DISPERSANT USE INFORMATION SORTIE NUMBER Application Rate gal acre Total Amount of Dispersant to be Used Sprayer Platform Swath Width ft Total Amount of Dispersant Used Time Dispersant Application Began Time Dispersant Application Ended Number of Passes Attachment 7 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan MONITORING AIRCRAFT MONITORING VESSEL MONITOR A The monitor aircraft or vessel or the monitor is primarily responsible for monitoring the effectiveness of the dispersant operation through aerial observation in aircraft and through the use o
64. primary and one or more alternate personnel to fill all positions identified in the Dispersant Operations Group This assignment can be documented and contact information provided in the DOIP Table I 1 Notifications The FOSC and the DOGS must be prepared to respond with a fully activated ICS organization but ICS also allows mobilization of a simplified organization for minor incidents by filling only required positions In any event the FOSC and the Area Committee should pre establish an ICS response organization appropriate for a worst case incident involving dispersant operations in their area Primary and one or more alternate personnel for each position should receive appropriate knowledge and skills training and periodic tabletop and equipment deployment drills should be held IV 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Region IV s Incident Command Functional Checklists for Dispersant Use attachment IV I may be considered in developing roles and responsibilities for assigned positions E Ensure Effective Radio Communications The DOGS must coordinate with contracted dispersant resources Application spotter monitoring and observer aircraft and vessels with the Communications Unit in the Logistics Section and with the Air Operations Branch if activated to ensure an effective communications plan and adequate communications equipment with compatible frequencies These communications issues are co
65. rear until it stops See WAIT Wait until the span check is completed See RETRACT CALIBRATOR Turn the knob to out position until you hear a click Note Notice CALBR DIFF during Span Check If the percentage is 0 10 go to ADJUST PARAMS step If gt 10 go to the next step Adjusting CALBR Press EXIT EXIT EXIT then MENU Turn the DIFF calibrator key to the In position Wait for the RS number to settle between 150 and 250 Press EXIT then SYSTEM FAULT gt See RETRACT CALIBRATOR Turn calibrator knob to Out position Press EXIT Repeat SPAN step ADJUST PARAMS Sec PARAMETER Press PARAMETER to PARAMETRS screen pr See AVE TIME Press Scroll through options 10 seconds is OK See CLEAR DATA Press CLEAR DATA CLEAR DATA See LOG DATA Press LOG DATA to ON option p Adjust EVERY Use the arrow keys to adjust to 10 seconds If adjusted press EXIT then NEXT SCREEN gt If EVERY not adjusted press NEXT SCREEN to PARAMETER 2 screen M See AUTO ZERO Adjust to ON See ALARM Toggle to INST If no alarm needed toggle to OFF If alarm selected see CONC See CONC Use the arrow key to adjust the concentration to 150 ug m for SMART Press EXIT See CAL FACTOR Press Use the arrow keys to adjust the numbers to 100 EXIT if the calibration factor was adjusted FLOWRATE 2 0 Ipm is OK Toggle to adjust EXIT
66. site for safety and fire control purposes and to record the disposition of burn residues and to monitor the burn site for potential impact to any natural resource in the area Samples of the residue will be collected if feasible Describe and photograph the burn site before and after the burn record detailed information on the burn including duration residue type and volume water depth before after the burn visible impacts post burn activities e g residue removal methods restoration efforts and results etc Waste Generation and Disposal Issues In situ burning should significantly reduce the amount of oily wastes generated Any burn residue will be collected and properly disposed of after the burn is completed 12 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan Attachment 1 Residues from In Situ Burning of Oil Results from larger scale laboratory and meso scale field tests suggest that the most important factors determining whether an in situ burn residue will float or sink are l Water density Burn residues that are denser than the receiving waters are likely to sink The density of fresh water is 0 997 g cm3 at 25 degrees Celsius and the density of sea water is 1 025 g cm3 Properties of the starting oil Studies predict that burn residues will sink in sea water when the burned oils have a an initial greater density than about 0 0865 g cm3 or API gravity less than about 32 or b a weight percent distillation residue at 210
67. spill environment this agent been used on previous oil spills What were the characteristics of the oil and the spill environment in each case degradation results based on oil chemistry and microbial tests available for review sareference available Supply source of supply amount available to site 27 Application estimated amount of agent s needed who will apply the agent vendor personnel response contractor personnel or other contractor method to be used in applying agent impacts of proposed application method time to prepare agent for application has application equipment been calibrated for this particular application planned rate of application how long will application take will product have to be reapplied how frequently 6 Bioremediation Work plan Has a bioremediation Work plan been prepared Has the plan been reviewed Biomonitoring Plan Has a biomonitoring plan been prepared Has it been reviewed Project Management Bioremediation application project manger contact number address This bioremediation application has been approved Federal On Scene State On Scene Environmental Protection Coordinator Coordinator Agency Department of Department of Commerce Interior 28 APPENDIX EVALUATING BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL VARIOUS OILS 29 APPENDIX D BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS AND AGENT SELECTION This sec
68. start stop times keep all pertinent log entries photos and video D The specific duties of the Spotter Aircraft or Spotter are as follows LIII rn Controls the operational area ground to air to ensure safety of entry access departure and to prevent hazards resultant from spray exposure and collisions Establishes and maintains communications with dispersant sprayer observation monitor aircraft or vessels and support bases Conducts early reconnaissance to determine dispersant target Supervises on scene airborne or waterborne dispersant activities Directs the line up of the spray aircraft or vessel and when to turn the dispersant pumps on and off Guides sprayer aircraft or vessels by giving course corrections ensuring spray aircraft or vessels apply dispersants on the targeted areas Attachment 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill LJ Oo Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Coordinates dispersant effectiveness monitoring This includes aerial surveillance and possibly water monitoring If a monitoring aircraft is available the Spotter will use that resource for monitoring If the monitoring aircraft is not available the Spotter will assume the monitoring responsibility Coordinates the use of restricted airspace by serving as the Forward Aircraft Controller FAC assumes only one spray aircraft Aircraft assigned as the FAC should be the most capable communications platform Manages outside air traffi
69. the appropriate selection of bioremediation as a response technique and in its proper application NOAA HAZMAT also provides the Department of Commerce RRT member The DOC RRT member provides advice and access to NOAA and DOC resources and expertise and serves as the point of contact for DOC NOAA trustee issues Department of Interior DOI has direct jurisdiction for the protection of resources on its own lands as well as trustee responsibilities for certain natural resources regardless of location They can provide information concerning the lands and resources related to geology hydrology minerals fish and wildlife cultural resources and recreation resources The DOI natural resource trusteeship also includes migratory birds anadromous fish and endangered or threatened species and their critical habitats State and Local Agencies State and local agencies have a distinct role and perspective during a response that impacts their own resources Typically these agencies can provide valuable information on the latest regulations guidelines water resource conditions environmentally sensitive areas and public concerns Therefore any response effort should be carefully coordinated with impacted State and local agencies Responsible Parties Since the RP has firsthand information concerning the spilled material the RP may request OSC approval for the use of bioremediation or the application of a bioremediation enhancing agent The RP can i
70. to which a particular organic molecule is biodegradable and the rate of degradation depend on the molecule s structural characteristics chain length amount of branching number and arrangement of rings stereochemistry and the environmental conditions temperature available oxygen substrate Bioremediation is a treatment technology that utilizes biodegradation to reduce the concentration and or toxicity of chemical substances such as petroleum products and other hydrocarbons Because microbes capable of degrading hydrocarbons are commonly found in nature most untreated hydrocarbon spills eventually are removed from the environment by microbial degradation and other processes Enhanced bioremediation however seeks to accelerate natural biodegradation processes by applying specially chosen nutrients and or microbes to spilled substances Although microbes have been used extensively and successfully for many years to treat wastes and wastewater in controlled facilities their potential as a tool for responding to spills of oil and hazardous substances in uncontrolled environments has only more recently received significant interest For additional information on bioremediation refer to Appendix G This document presents a plan for considering and implementing bioremediation through either natural attenuation or nutrient microbe enhancement as a supplemental response tool for spills in US Environmental Protection Agency EPA Region 4 It was
71. 00 F greater than 18 6 When these correlations are applied to 137 crude oils 38 are predicted to sink in seawater 20 may sink and 42 will float Thickness of the oil slick Residues from burns of thick crude oil slicks are more likely to sink than residues from burns of thin slicks of the same crude oils because higher molecular weight compounds concentrate in the residue as the burn progresses Efficiency of the burn Factors affecting burn efficiency include original slick thickness degree of emulsification and weathering areal coverage of the flame wind speed and wave choppiness For efficient burns removal efficiencies are expected the exceed 90 of the collected and ignited oil Rules of thumb for predicting residue thickness are Unemulsified crude oil up to 10 20mm thick residue will be about 1mm thick Thicker slicks result in thicker residues up to 3 6mm thick Emulsified oils can produce much thicker residues Light medium refined products the residue will be about Imm thick regardless of slick thickness Burn residues sink only after cooling Models of cooling rates predict that ambient water temperature will be reached in less than five minutes for 3mm thick residues and in 20 30 minutes for 7mm thick residues 13 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan This page intentionally left blank 14 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan Attachment 2 Emission rates from the NOBE test burns and o
72. 12 Anchorage 99503 Phone 504 561 4656 Phone 907 563 9866 TO ALERT THE EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAM CALL 1 800 231 6633 24 HRS DAY ASK FOR COREXIT Attachment IV K 19 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan IV SPECIAL HANDLING AND WORKER PRECAUTIONS FOR STORAGE AND FIELD APPLICATION 1 Flammability COREXIT 9500 is not classified as flammable by either DOT or IMO regulations 2 Ventilation Avoid prolonged breathing of vapors Use with ventilation equal to unobstructed outdoors in moderate breeze 3 Skin and eye contact protective clothing treatment in case of contact Avoid contact with skin or eyes The use of gloves goggles and protective clothing is recommended In case of contact flush exposed area with water Wash thoroughly after using For open systems where contact is likely wear long sleeve shirt chemical resistant gloves and chemical protective goggles 4 Storage temperature a Maximum storage temperature 170 F b Minimum storage temperature 30 F c Optimum storage temperature range 40 F to 100 F d Temperatures of phase separations and chemical changes N A V SHELF LIFE The shelf life of unopened drums of COREXIT 9500 is unlimited Containers should always be capped when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation of solvents VI RECOMMENDED APPLICATION PROCEDURE 1 Application Method COREXIT 9500 is a high performance biodegradable oil spi
73. 15 sse Attach IV E Assignment List IC 204 es tenue tinta iere e ae Attach IV F D Develop Appropriate Organization Region IV s ICS Organization Chart for Dispersant Use Attachment IV G indicates the recommended addition of a Dispersant Operations Group to the standard Incident Command System ICS for oil spill response as presented in the Oil Spill Field Operations Guide ICS OS 420 1 FOG This DOIP has referred to a Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS throughout and assumes the recommended organization in discussions of monitoring and observer coordination The recommended organization is based on previous Region IV Regional Response Team RRT IV work It differs from the organizational guidance suggested in the draft Special Monitoring of Advanced Response Technologies SMART document SMART suggests a Monitoring Group but has not addressed the broader issue of a dispersant organization under the Operations Section Further refinement of the Region IV Dispersant Operations Group organization may be required but should be based on lessons learned in FOSC Area Tabletop and Equipment Deployment exercises Region IV s ICS Dispersant Use Organizational Relationships Attachment IV H indicates the relationships of the recommended Dispersant Operations Group with other elements of a standard ICS organization for oil spills It is suggested that the customized DOIP in the ACP assign
74. 18 X List of objectives X Tasks to be conducted 2 Description of project management X Identification of sensitive areas included in adjacent to the sample location areas 96 Identification of sample locations frequency and collection methods 90 Description of sample chain of custody procedures and QA QC procedures X Description of water quality history if available of the affected area or procedure for determining background values for the affected area if historical data does not exist The environmental characteristics and measurements that should be assessed and the samples that should be taken as part of the biomonitoring are presented in Table 2 along with a schedule for performing these activities Sampling at each site water depth as appropriate and time should be performed in duplicate for 10 of the samples collected Although the mix of samples collected should be based on the requirements of the analytical methods minimum sample sizes are recommended as 1 liter for water samples and 4 16 oz for sediment or shoreline materials All samples should be placed in precleaned jars or bottles with Teflon lined caps as appropriate The monitoring parameters should involve a tiered approach which utilizes relatively inexpensive techniques such as total petroleum hydrocarbons TPH for screening and more sophisticated methods that target individual petroleum constituents to confirm biodegradation efficacy in at least 25 of th
75. 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENT II B CONT Note Need all YES answers before dispersant use is acceptable 10 YES NO DECISION ELEMENT Are the necessary equipment and trained personnel available to conduct the recommended monitoring operations The recommended monitoring protocol in each RRT region is the Special Monitoring for Advanced Response Technologies or SMART The Gulf Strike Team or Atlantic Strike Team is available to support and provide monitoring assistance It may not be appropriate to base Go No Go or continue discontinue decisions solely on results from the SMART monitoring team since dispersant effectiveness is often delayed or not totally and easily conclusive Monitoring is recommended but not strictly required should not be a showstopper for operation Has the overflight to assure that endangered species are not in the application area been conducted The provisions of the Section 7 consultation in regard to each RRT Pre Approval Agreement requires an overflight of the application area to ensure endangered species are not threatened or endangered by the operation Has a Dispersant Operations Plan been completed Attached within this plan is a Dispersant Operations Plan template The completion of this template should provide the OSC and Unified Command with a suitable and complete plan to support and implement the
76. 7 Department of Environmental State of Maryland Ms Becky Norton Dunlop original signed November 3 1997 Secretary of Natural Resources Commonweath of Virginia Captian John E Veentjer USCG orginal signed 9 25 97 Captain of the Port USCG MSO Group Philadelphia Fifth Coast Guard District 7 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU Captain Charles L Milller USCG original signed 12 2 97 Captain of the Port USCG Activites Baltimore Fifth Coast Guard District Federal Region III Regional Response Team s Regional Contingency Plan Draft Revised May 30 1998 BURNMOUmain 8 6 30 00
77. 96 range are recommended to avoid significant fall off in effectiveness COREXIT 9500 should be applied as droplets not fogged or atomized Natural wave or boat wake action usually provides adequate mixing energy to disperse the oil Water from a fire hose can also be used for agitation of the treated slick Recent tests have indicated that a slightly modified fire monitor may also be useful for applying dispersant concentrations such as COREXIT 9500 A screen cap is used on the nozzle of the monitor to obtain a more uniform spray pattern with the proper sized droplet Due to the volume output and the greater reach of the fire monitor significantly more area can be covered in a shorter period of time than using conventional spray booms System Calibration Spray systems should be calibrated at temperatures anticipated to insure successful application and dosage control Application at sub freezing temperatures may require larger nozzle supply lines and orifices due to higher product viscosity Refer to Exxon Chemical Company s Applications Guide for charts and aids in designing and calibrating application systems 2 Concentration Application Rate A treatment rate of about 2 to 10 U S gallons per acre or a dispersant to oil ratio of 1 50 to 1 10 is recommended This rate varies depending on the type of oil degree of weathering temperature and thickness of the slick 3 Conditions for Use As with any dispersant COREXIT 9500 should be a
78. Attach II A B Dispersant Use Decision Implementation Element Checklist Attach II B A Introduction The NOAA SSC or alternate designee will assemble situation data quantity of oil spilled oil type API Gravity viscosity etc and make an initial assessment of the dispersability of the spilled oil using tools identified herein In this context dispersant applicability means will the dispersant selected available effectively disperse the oil spilled under the present environmental conditions and is this likely to result in net environmental benefit Table 2 below provides an overview of the applicability assessment tools attachments discussed below may also be useful in determining applicability 11 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan B Gather Incident Information Start with the information currently available on the Incident Information Sheet ICS Notification Info 8 96 form DOIP Table I 2 Seek additional information from appropriate sources to determine applicability Attachments IIA and IIB may be useful tools for assembly and assessment of information C Determine Dispersant Applicability Figure II 1 Table II 2 and attachments IIA and IIB may be useful in determining dispersant applicability The Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS NOAA SSC or alternates assigned to determine applicability must bear in mind that an early assessmen
79. COGQUEe aoi eh ei ec 32 Base Tier Go No Go Requirements and Information 32 Tier Feasibility 224 0 33 Tier Laboratory Scale 0 0 000044111 33 Tier Ill Simulated Field Test Demonstration 34 Tier IV Limited Field Scale Demonstration of the Agent 34 Agent 9Sele cuoi dte vera orta tei exti teu d ipai esit s iere 35 APPENDIX E LABORATORY ANALYSIS PARAMETERS APPENDIX F INFORMATION FEEDBACK BIOREMEDIATION USE FOLLOW UP TABLES AND DIAGRAMS DIAGRAM 1 BIOREMEDIATION DECISION TREE 5 TABLE 1 FIELD MONITORING 21 TABLE 2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS 36 INTRODUCTION Biodegradation is a natural process in which microorganisms chemically alter and breakdown organic molecules into other substances such as fatty acids carbon dioxide and water in order to obtain energy and nutrients The basis for this process is relatively simple microorganisms require minerals and sources of carbon as well as water and other elements to survive and function The process can involve one step or a series of steps that proceed through the formation of molecules with successively fewer carbons Generally the extent
80. E Eo ERE OMEN eme c caer us os 20 Plan Sic c EUN A ME GO DN LE 20 APPENDIX A APPLICABLE FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS 22 Federal fiegulatlGlie ee eda too RE RAF RA ES ERR RARE 22 State Regulations and Policies s oui eo roe Ce ret Ere tes 23 Regulations and Policies in the State of Florida 23 Regulations and Policies in the State of North Carolina 24 APPENDIX BIOREMEDIATION USE AUTHORIZATION 26 Incident Characteristics ea 26 Feasibility Assessment 27 Bioremediation Work pla ocaeca vide De aid M REF 28 Bi monitoring B altiore 28 Mta tb ta AN M Tee 28 APPENDIX C EVALUATING BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL OF VARIOUS OILS 29 APPENDIX D BIOREMEDIATION AGENTS AND AGENT SELECTION 30 eh Co Ao OU DE 30 31 Microbial AGG IS 31 31 cues cas edd ED a ie n 31 CUMS PC px 31 Agent Evaluation PIO
81. EADC Hotel Fort Pierce FL Cell Monroe LA Caller initials Y N Per Office 504 851 6391 Airborne Horie Airborne Support Inc Support Inc e Houma LA 70363 Caller initials Y N P gr Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per 1 14 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT OBSERVER AIRCRAFT Assigned to the Observers Coordinator to support resource trustees and other authorized observers not directly involved in dispersant operations Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office 603 770 1813 Home EADC EADC Hotel Fort Pierce FL Cell Monroe LA Caller initials Y N Per Office 504 851 6391 Airborne Home Airborne Support Inc Support Inc 2 Houma 70363 Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office
82. ERSANT USE PRE BRIEF PLATFORM ASSIGNMENTS TITLE PLATFORM PERSONNMEL TACTICAL CALL ETD ETA NAMES SIGN TO SITE TO SITE Spotters 0 fe 25 Sprayers 1 E eeu eire Observers 1L 0 0 Monitor s A TET SCC PLATFORM ASSIGNMENTS IDENTIFICATION OF OPERATIONAL AREA BOUNDARIES TITLE AIRCRAFT DESIGNATOR LAT LONG ALTITUDE ENTRY EXIT SPILL SITE LOCATION OF OPERATIONAL AREA Attach Map GPS Coordinates etc Attachment IV D 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OPERATION PLAN CHECKLIST Completed by D rsant ions Group Su sor AIRCRAFT SEPARATION ALTITUDES AIRCRAFT CALL SIGN SPRAY ALTITUDE OPERATIONS ALTITUDE Spotter 1 5 Sprayer CODERE 1 2o o o o mem se AI i e Sprayer DISPERSANT INFORMATION Dispersant Name Source of Dispersant Application Rate per Sortia gal acre Number of Sorties Planned Total Amount of Dispersant to Used per Sortie Sprayer Platform Swath Width i COMMUNICATIONS complete only needed primary secondary Air to Air VHF UHF sw Other Air to Vessel VHF UHF Other Air ta Ground VHF UHF Other Ground to Vessel VHF UHF Other Vessel to Vessel VHF UHF Other POST DISPERSANT USE INFORMATION Fill Ou
83. Ee E Estimated Efficiency Attachment IV I 17 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan g L L Visual Appearance of Application Submerged Cloud Observed Recoalescence reappearance of oil Effectiveness of Application in Achieving Goal reduce shoreline impact etc Presence of Wildlife any impacts i e fish kill etc Photographic Documentation Lessons Learned COMMON ICS RESPONSIBILITIES FOR EACH POSITION A E ZB op Ep ED SS Common Incident Command System responsibilities should be performed to ensure proper communications and information flow within the Unified Command This checklist should be added to each functional checklist mentioned earlier The Common ICS Responsibilities are as follows Obtain briefings from supervisors Participate in planning meetings as required Review assignments with subordinates Maintain communications with subordinates Ensure safe operations Make or approve expedient changes to the Incident Action Plan IAP during the operational period if necessary L L Determine the need and request additional resources Maintain Activity Log and submit to the Documentation Unit Leader Situation Unit Leader or the Planning Section Attachment IV I 18 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT APPLICATION LOGISTICS AND SUPPORT CHECKLIST Completed
84. Environmental Epidemiology Section PO Box 29601 Raleigh NC 27626 0601 919 715 6429 Required General Information 1 2559 Division of Environmental Management DEM contact person and phone number Current or future use of site with site contact person address amp phone number Contractor applying product contact person address amp phone number Distance and impact to public or private wells used for drinking industrial processes cooling agriculture etc and is area served by public water supply Verification must be provided by the regional Groundwater and Public Water Supply Sections Send responses to Dr Luanne Williams Detailed specifications of the contamination present in the soil and or groundwater Approximate distance amp name of nearest surface water body provide map Required Product Process Specific Information All information submitted will be maintained as proprietary and not disclosed to other parties 1 2 3 Product manufacturer name address phone number and contact person Genus species strain of microorganism s contained in product Identity of specific ingredients and concentrations of ingredients contained in the product and purpose of each Documentation of evidence from authoritative technical references i e Bergey s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Bergey s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology or other existing references that the microorganism s are not pathogenic to ani
85. GC GC MS TPH 3 Third Treatment or Application complete if different from above Type of agent applied e g nutrient microbial enzyme Name of agent Agent listed on the NCP Product Schedule Vendor Vendor address and phone number Rate effectiveness compared to control site on a scale of 1 to 10 10 being the highest score Visual observation Oil chemistry Method used e g GC GC MS TPH 7ooocp C SITE CONTROLS 1 Size and number of test site s 2 Size and number of control site s Site security measures taken 39 TREATMENT AREA LOCATION 1 On water latitude and longitude 2 Shoreline latitude and longitude Shoreline type e g sand shell cobble Shoreline zone e g intertidal surge storm overwash Depth of shoreline oiling APPLICATION INFORMATION 1 Microbial counts before application 2 Microbial counts after application 3 Applications performed by names and titles 4 Application method s used 5 Application date s 6 Application conditions e g winds waves 7 Agent concentration and rates 0 gal acre 8 Additional information on re applications MONITORING 1 Schedule and duration e g weekly for 3 months 2 Method 0 foot by air boat 3 Monitoring performed by names and titles 4 Toxicity noted PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED e g weather site security application LESSONS LEARNED 1 CONTACTS a OSC name address and phone b SSC name address
86. ION short sleeved coveralls heat stress alert OPTION street clothing may be worn by personnel not exposed to splashing liquids or oily equipment ___ rubber steel toe shank safety boots with textured bottoms OPTION hip high rubber boots e g designated snake areas OPTION deck shoes with textured soles e g boat ops ___ rubber gloves as needed OPTION leather gloves if no contact with oil ____ PFD all personnel on or near water ____ quart bottle to carry fluids during heat stress alerts hearing protection in noisy areas _ insect repellent designated mosquito tick areas hard hat all personnel in designated areas ___ safety glasses as required by Site Safety Officer OPTION with tinted lenses as required for sunlight sunscreen as needed for sunlight whistle in designated areas NOTES 1 AS NEEDED means to use for prevention of significant skin contact with oil 2 RUBBER means chemical resistant material that prevent oil penetration to the skin or cloth garments underneath Attachment IV K 25 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV K 26 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT EFFECTIVENESS MONITORING AERIAL CHECKLIST Completed by Dispersant Op Monitoring Team GENERAL Incident Name Vessel or Facility Name Date Time Spill Occurred Location o
87. IRCRAFT OR SPOTTER A The Spotter Aircraft Position or Spotter is physically located in an aircraft The Spotter is a person who spots or controls guides or lines up the sprayer aircraft or vessels over the spill target Because a dispersant application can be made by both vessels and aircraft the Spotter would maintain tactical control over both types of delivery systems The Spotter is in charge of the dispersant operation on scene Because dispersant operations can be executed in multiple geographic areas due to the spreading and breakup of the slick multiple spotter aircraft may be needed one for each spray a c The forward air controller FAC is a person within the operation who controls access into the controlled airspace of a dispersant operation Controlled airspace would be airspace designated in a Notice to Airmen NOTAM The controller is normally the spotter aircraft when one spray aircraft or vessel is used but can be the observer or monitor aircraft if more than one spray platform is involved In addition an aircraft s communications capabilities may play a role in the decision as to who should serve as the FAC if all aircraft are not equipped with compatible communications gear This FAC duty is mainly used to check aircraft into the ongoing dispersant operation The spotter aircraft if not the FAC will assign the responsibility and notify the command post Spotter Aircraft Recorder is needed to record spray
88. Monitor Provides photo and visual documentation of dispersant effectiveness e Assists the Monitor as directed 3 1 2 Water Column Monitoring Team The Water Column Monitoring Team is composed of a minimum of two persons a Monitor and Assistant Monitor They shall perform their duties in accordance with the Tier II and Tier III monitoring procedures The Monitor Functions as the team leader e Operates water column monitoring equipment e Collects water samples for lab analysis e Communicates results to the Group Supervisor The Assistant Monitor e Provides photo and visual documentation of dispersant effectiveness e Assists Monitor as directed Completes all logs forms and labels for recording water column measurements water quality measurements interferences and environmental parameters 3 1 3 Monitoring Group Supervisor The Monitoring Group Supervisor e Directs Visual Monitoring and Water Column Monitoring teams to accomplish their responsibilities e Follows directions provided by the Operations Section in the ICS e Communicates monitoring results to the Technical Specialist in the Planning Section The Monitoring Group Supervisor may not be needed for a Tier I deployment In these cases the Visual Monitoring Team monitor may perform the duties of the Monitoring Group Supervisor 3 1 4 Dispersant Monitoring Technical Specialist Federal NOAA SSC The Technical Specialist or his her representative Establishes
89. Monitoring Protocol ANNEX V Products With Completed Section 7 Consultation ANNEX VI Biological Monitoring Region 5 Bioassay Protocols ITEMS FOR FUTURE CONSIDERATION BY COMMITTEE MEMBERS 1 Development of Annex V Products with Completed Section 7 Consultation Federal Region III Regional Response Team s Memorandum of Understanding Signed Dec 1997 DISPERSANTMOUmain 7 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU This page intentionally left blank 8 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU In Situ Burn MOU Memorandum Of Understanding Among U S Coast Guard District 5 USCG and U S Environmental Protection Agency Region III EPA and U S Department of the Interior DOI and U S Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration DOC NOAA and Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control DE DNREC and Maryland Department of Environment MDE and Virginia Department of Environmental Quality VA DEQ PURPOSE This document is designed to implement sections of Subpart J of the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan NCP and the requirements of 33 USC 1321 1 4 C v the Federal Water Pollution Control Act FWPCA as amended by the Oil Pollution Act OPA of 1990 This document provides preauthorization for use of in situ burning by the USCG Federal On Scene Coordinator FOSC in response to coastal oil discharges within the jurisdiction of
90. NTS PAGE SELECTION GUIDE REFERENCE 5 2 0 202442112 ii 6 2 2040202 0900 1 0 10 000 ii FRONT COVER PHOTO CREDITS 7 sss iii SELECTION GUIDE M TABLE CONTENTS opino nad n t metta odi aa OAT vii TAB 1 DISPERSANT IMPLEMENTATION OPERATIONS PLAN DRAFT Region III Dispersant Operation Plan TAB 2 BIOREMEDIATION PLAN Region IV Bioremediation Plan NRT Bioremediation Fact Sheet TAB3 OTHER COUNTERMEASURES PLANS Region III ISB Evaluation amp Response Checklist Region IV Inland ISB Plan TAB 4 MONITORING PLANS STRATEGIES Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies SMART TAB 5 APPENDICES Region III Memorandum of Understanding for Dispersants Region III Memorandum of Understanding for In situ Burning vii 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank viii 6 30 00 DISPERSANTS OPERATIONS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Introduction Purpose Note This section of the Selection Guide provides a plan for implementing dispersant application during oil pill response operations Guidance is provided for the Area Planning process including recommended checklists for emergency response Recommended implementation of the Plan involves customization by the FOSC Area Committee and integration into the Area Contingency Plan ACP The Di
91. OIP is NOT a cook book which can be effectively implemented on short notice by untrained personnel Designated personnel will require additional knowledge and skills training in dispersant operations and in the use of this plan In addition the full response team will require both tabletop exercises and actual equipment mobilization dispersant application and monitoring exercises in order to properly identify and address problem areas and refine the DOIP and Area Contingency Plans Comments on this DOIP may be forwarded to the Chairperson of the Spill Response Countermeasures Work Group EPA Region III 1650 Arch Street Philadelphia PA 19103 iv WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Title Page amp How to Use This Plan 2 2 22 i Checklist and Roadmap eterne nent net ea ii F reword yet i eu iii Wable Of Contents 1 etatis Queda ala e nate cited etat dn asta iste ded V Referentes a etur tele EN mE viii I Notifications Introductio eo dan t ends Rs I 1 B Notification Some NUR repe I 2 C Notifications Table for Dispersants Operations
92. OSC as a technical advisor This expertise includes information on the ability of various bioremediation treatment techniques to degrade oil their relative toxicity to a habitat and the expected rate of degradation Typically EPA provides the Scientific Support Coordinator for inland zone spills In addition EPA maintains laboratory facilities that may be used to run bioremediation related studies and analyses US Coast Guard The USCG supplies expertise in oil spill response technology and incident command Response support through manpower or equipment can be provided by the Strike Teams and the National Strike Force Coordination Center Additionally the USCG can assist with cost tracking and funding support from the Oil Pollution Trust Fund National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA HAZMAT provides Scientific Support Coordinators SSCs and their support teams The SSC provides scientific advice to support the Federal OSCs in operational decisions that will protect the environment effectively mitigate collateral harm and facilitate environmental recovery The NOAA HAZMAT Scientific Support Team has extensive expertise in all scientific aspects of spill response and mitigation and vast experience with oil spill response and several applications of bioremediation in both operational and experimental use Their expertise in biology geomorphology chemistry and physical and coastal processes and their support can assist in
93. Operational Planning And Implementation Guidance Dispersant Mission Planner A computer application available through the SSC Oil Spill Field Operations Guide ICS OS 420 1 FOG viii WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan I NOTIFICATIONS TABLE I 1 NOTIFICATIONS CHECKLIST AND ROADMAP m TEC DOIP N Required Action 2 Initial Responsibility Page USCG MSO Duty Section 1 5 Perform Initial Notifications As Assigned in Table I 2 7 Per local FOSC direction Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment I Notifications Table of Contents A Introduction I 1 B Notification INTO ALON aetas doa d trees teas boe Du es eaa ite bat e end I 2 C Notifications Table for Dispersant Operations I 2 Table I 1 Notifications Checklist and Roadmap sess I 1 Table 2 Notification Information ICS Incident I 5 Table 3 Notifications Table for Dispersant Operations I 7 A Introduction By law initial spill notification is made by the Responsible Party RP to the National Response Center and or to the Federal On Scene Coordinator FOSC The FOSC s response organization as defined in the Area Contingency Plan must be prepared to make those additional notificat
94. RT dispersant monitoring by listing some of the tasks to accomplish before during and after the monitoring operations Check V Item 0002 Activate personnel Contact and mobilize the monitoring teams and Technical Specialist SSC where applicable Check equipment Check equipment use checklists provided Verify that the fluorometer is operational Include safety equipment Obtain deployment Coordinate with incident Operations and platforms Planning Section regarding deployment platforms air sea land Amend site safety plan Amend the general site safety plan for monitoring operations ss Monitoring Operations with Specials Coordinate with Technical Specialist am V l Monitoring what where who how e Safety and emergency procedures Deploy o location Coordinate with Operations Section Setup instrumentation Unpack and set up the fluorometer per user manual and or SMART attachment Record fluorometer response using the check standards Evaluate monitoring site Verify that the site 15 safe Coordinate with spotter aircraft 1f available Conduct monitoring Background no oil present See attachment 11 for Background not treated with dispersants details Treated area Conduct data logging Date and time see attachment 12 Location from GPS Verify that the instrument dataloger is recording the data Manually record fl
95. Selection Guide for Spill Applied Technologies Volume ll Operations Plans m RRT Ill RRT IV Selection Guide for Oil Spill Applied Technologies Volume II Operations Plans NOTE This draft of Volume II of the Selection Guide for Oil Spill Applied Technologies reflects many changes from the previous versions This is also the first draft of this document to be available in PDF format in order to allow internet access to the document by users Currently this working draft does NOT include detailed linkages to the various sections within this document Ann Hayward Walker Jacqueline Michel Brad Benggio Debra Scholz John Boyd and William Walker Prepared under the Weston SATA Contract No 68853002 to EPA Region under the Direction of the RRT III Spill Response Countermeasures Work Group amp in Cooperation with the Regional Response Team from Region IV and the NOAA Hazardous Materials Response amp Assessment Division Scientific and Environmental Associates Inc 325 Mason Avenue Cape Charles Virginia 23310 Tel 757 331 1787 fax 1788 email seahq erols com 06 30 00 SELECTION GUIDE REFERENCE MATERIALS The information contained within this selection guide was primarily developed from data supplied to the authors by the product vendors as well as from the following sources USEPA National Contingency Plan Product Schedule Notebook October 1998 December 1998 February 1999 May 1999 Aug
96. T amp E species and habitats in the area and representing the natural resource trustee s will be consulted prior to conducting any in situ burn Measures will be taken to prevent risk of injury to any wildlife especially endangered or threatened species 2 compliance with the Programmatic Agreement on the Protection of Historic Properties during Emergency Response Under the NCP will occur Any use of in situ burning requires that a post incident report be provided by the FOSC or a designated member of the FOSC s staff within 45 days of in situ burning operations Health and Safety Issues The FOSC will notify adjacent land managers owners prior to any in situ burn operation Operators Assuring workers health and safety is the responsibility of employers and the FOSC who must comply with all Occupational Health and Safety Administration OSHA regulations Prior to any in situ burn operations a site safety plan must be submitted and approved by the FOSC Public The burning should be stopped if it is determined that it becomes an unacceptable health hazard due to operational or smoke exposure concerns to responders or the general public If at any time exposure limits are expected to exceed national federal air quality standards in nearby populated areas as a result of in situ burning operations then in situ burning operations will immediately cease The Level of Concern LOC for particulates for the general public is 150ug m3 PM 10
97. Use Authorization 4 FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT REP EMI XE 6 Incident Characteristics 2 6 Characteristics of Spilled 4 4044 0 001 6 Group l Very Light Refined 2 4 2 2020 6 Group II Diesel like Products and Light Crude Oils 7 Group 1 Medium grade Crude Oils and Intermediate Products 7 Group IV Heavy Crude Oils and Residual Products 7 Group V Very Heavy Residual Products 7 Characteristics of Affected 8 Open Water Off shore Tidal Inlets and Water Intakes 8 Small Ponds Lakes Rivers and 8 Solid Man Made Structures Exposed and Sheltered 9 Exposed Scarps Clay and Wave Cut Clay Platforms 9 Fine grained Sand Beaches or Sandy 9 Mixed Sand and Shell Beaches and Shell Beaches or Banks 9 Riprap Exposed and Sheltered eerie edere reae 9 Exposed Tidal Flats and Sheltered Tidal 9 Salt to Brackish water Marshes Freshwater Ma
98. XIT POINTS Responsibility of Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Airport Tactical Call Sign Entry O Exit COMMUNICATIONS complete only as needed primary secondary Responsibility of Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Cl Observer to Spotter VHF UHF Other air to air Observer to Monitor VHF UHF Other air to vessel Cl Observer to Supervisor VHF UHF Other air to ground Supervisor to Monitor UHF Other ground to vessel O Monitor to Monitor VHF UHF Other vessel to vessel Attachment IV I 16 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OBSERVATION FINAL REPORTING FORM Completed by Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Names of Observers Agency Platform Date of Application OOO dO Location Long Lat Distance from Shore Time of Commencement of Application Time of Completion of Application Weather Conditions air temperature wind speed direction Water Temperature Depth and Sea State Visibility Altitude observation and application platforms Type of Application Method aerial vessel Type of Oil Oil Properties specific gravity viscosity pour point etc Name of Dispersant Surface Area of Slick Operational Constraints Imposed by Agencies Percent Slick Treated poa
99. adation over a baseline standard or control demonstrated by descriptions and quantitative analytical results of any laboratory or field studies performed such as results of gas chromatographic analyses of treated and untreated samples for alkanes and or aromatics 07 amp A description of the management structure and qualifications of the vendor s organization is also needed Tier Laboratory Scale Data Standard laboratory methods should be used to develop data on an agent s toxicity and its ability to stimulate the biodegradation of a standard oil The specific objectives of this tier are to evaluate the relative ability of a bioremediation agent to degrade oil or stimulate the rate of biodegradation under defined and controlled laboratory conditions and to determine the potential toxicity associated with the agent s use through the performance of standard toxicity tests Analytical methods developed by EPA should be used to perform these laboratory studies The approach to evaluate an agent s relative effectiveness at degrading oil should Provide sufficient information to indicate with a firm degree of confidence that the agent is degrading oil constituents Provide an indicator of total microbial activity and Assure the viability of the culture being tested where applicable The approach should include temperature salinity and nutrient testing to document the conditions under which an agent s abil
100. ampling for background reading away from the oil slick 2 Sampling for naturally dispersed oil under the oil slick but before dispersants are applied and 3 Monitoring for dispersed oil under the slick area treated with dispersants 3 12 2 2 Background sampling no oil En route to the sampling area and close to it the sampling boat performs a fluorometry sampling run where there is no surface slick This sampling run at 1 meter depth will establish background levels before further sampling 3 12 2 3 Background sampling naturally dispersed oil When reaching the sampling area the sampling boat makes the sampling transects at meter depths across the surface oil slick s to determine the level of natural dispersion before monitoring the chemical dispersion of the oil slick s 3 12 2 4 Fluorometry sampling of dispersed oil After establishing background levels outside the treated area the sampling boat intercepts the dispersed subsurface plume The sampling boat may have to temporarily suspend continuous sampling after collecting baseline values in order to move fast enough to intercept the plume The sampling boat moves across the path of the dispersed oil plume to a point where the center of the dispersed plume can be predicted based on the size of the treatment area and the locations of new coordinates or on the movement of the Davis Drifters as shown in Figures 2 4 5 and 6 When conducting the monitoring the transects consist
101. an untreated slick the dispersant may be working Boat wakes through oil may appear as a successful dispersion of oil however this may be just the vessel wake breaking a path through the oil physically parting the oil not dispersing it Attachment IV I 12 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OBSERVATION EQUIPMENT AND PREFLIGHT SAFETY BRIEF CHECKLIST Observation Aids Responsibility of Observer Team Basemaps Charts of the Area Clipboard and Notebook Pens Pencils Checklists and Reporting Forms Observation Job Aids Oil on Water amp Dispersant Observation Camera and Extra Film Voice Recorder to Assist in Taking Notes Video Camera Binoculars Safety Equipment Responsibility of pilot or aircrew Personal Flotation Device Emergency Locator Beacon Survival Equipment NOMEX Coveralls if available Cold Water Flotation Suit 1f water temperature requires EL g Intercom Attachment IV I 13 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ESI Tp ASIE AES EN DET ENS RENE Safety Brief Preflight Safety Brief with Pilot Responsibility of pilot or aircrew Safety Features of Aircraft i e fire extinguishers communications devices emergency locator beacon flotation release raft first aid kit etc Walk Around Aircraft Emergency Exit P
102. ances which may effect the integrity of the data collected are wave action tidal flushing currents boat traffic and exposure to wind or other external forces Because efficacy analyses focus on evaluating relative changes in the concentration of the constituents of oil between treated and untreated sites it is important to ensure that uncontaminated source areas remain uncontaminated for the duration of the monitoring program and contaminated areas are not reoiled for the duration of the monitoring program Monitoring should take in place in two forms 1 Qualitative serves as real time feedback for response decision and is usually in the form of visual observations supported by photo documentation 2 Quantitative serves as the basis for longer term analysis of the success of the project and is in the form of sample collection and analysis Although visual observation is considered subjective there is no substitute for this type of real time or fast feedback Observers must be assigned to the project and trained to monitor morphological changes which may occur to the oil as it breaks down and any changes in organism behavior such as the occurrence of algae blooms and fish kills All sample collection and analysis begins with a sampling plan The sampling plans should include at a minimum the following X Implementation schedule monitoring should be expected to take place over 3 4 months or until end points are reached
103. and System ICS A group should be formed in the Operations Section to direct the monitoring effort The head of this group is the Monitoring Group Supervisor Under each group there are teams Visual Monitoring Teams and Water Column Monitoring teams At a minimum each monitoring team consists of two trained members a monitor and an assistant monitor An additional team member could be used to assist with sampling and 6 SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 recording The monitor serves as the team leader The teams report to the Monitoring Group Supervisor who directs and coordinates team operations under the control of the Operations Section Chief Dispersant monitoring operations are very detailed They are linked with the dispersant application but from an ICS management perspective they should be separated Resources for monitoring should be dedicated and not perform other operational functions 2 7 Information Flow and Data Handling Communication of monitoring results should flow from the field Monitoring Group Supervisor to those persons in the Unified Command who can interpret the results and use the data Typically this falls under the responsibility of a Technical Specialist on dispersants in the Planning Section of the command structure For the U S Coast Guard the technical specialist is the Scientific Support Coordinator Note that the operational control of the monitoring groups remains with the Operations Section Chief
104. and response s needed if hazard does effect worker s UCM Is The following documents contain guidance on the preparation of health and safety plans OSHA 1910 120 and EPA 40 CFR 311 USEPA OERR ERT Standard Operating Procedures NIOSH OSHA USCG EPA Occupational Health and Safety Guidelines ACGIH Threshold Limit Values and existing local and area contingency plans oh de Nee To avoid disturbances to the treated area after treatment all treated and control sites should be secured by the best achievable means To avoid possible injury post warning signs or secure the treated area to differentiate the site from surrounding localities BIOMONITORING PLAN Bioremediation is assumed to enhance the biodegradation of oil or hazardous substances without increasing adverse impacts to human or ecological health Until there is defensible documentation from actual field use to confirm this assumption however bioremediation effectiveness and safety need to be monitored through a sound program of applied science Therefore an associated biomonitoring program shall be conducted when bioremediation treatment either natural or enhanced is used as a response tool The plan outlining the biomonitoring program will be referred to as the biomonitoring plan Objectives The principal objectives of the monitoring program and the elements of each objective are listed below 1 Determine the efficacy of the selected bioremediation treatme
105. and Planning Their placement within functional schematic diagram is totally at the IC UC discretion Attachment IV H 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV H 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan INCIDENT COMMAND FUNCTIONAL CHECKLISTS FOR DISPERSANT USE Attachment 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OPERATION GROUP SUPERVISOR A The Dispersant Operation Group Supervisor is in charge of a functional group under the Operations Section of the ICS organization This position manages the planning and execution for the dispersant operation This position relieves the burden on the Operations Section Chief and the Air Operations Branch and in smaller cases may alleviate the need for the Air Operations Branch In the event of a large spill air operations could easily be overwhelmed with vessel skimming and overflight support which might delay the actual dispersant application B The Dispersant Operation Group Supervisor is ground based and reports to the Operations Section Chief in the ICS organization Submits the dispersant application to RRT or CRRT Insures the overall safety of the dispersant operation Develops dispersant operations portion of the Incident Action Plan or IAP Dispersant Operation Plan Requests restricted airspace if nee
106. and responsibility for providing approval for the use of in situ burning for the control of oil spills The Governor of the State of Maryland has designated the Commissioner of the Maryland Department of Environment MDE the authority and responsibility for providing approval for the use of in situ burning for the control of oil spills The Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia has designated the Secretary of the Department of Environmental Quality VA DEQ the authority and responsibility for providing approval for the use of in situ burning for the control of oil spills The DOI and DOC NOAA are designated Federal trustees of certain natural resources under Subpart G of the NCP and are to be consulted regarding the determination to burn oil in situ in United States waters This document constitutes pre concurrence for USCG EPA DNREC MDE and DEQ DOC NOAA and DOI for the use of in situ burning in the preapproved area A zone SCOPE The USCG EPA DOI DOC NOAA and the states of Delaware Maryland and Virginia agree that the primary method of controlling discharged oil shall be the physical removal of the oil from the environment These agencies recognize that in certain circumstances timely effective physical containment collection and removal of the oil may not be possible and that the utilization of in situ burning alone or in conjunction with mechanical removal methods and or chemical countermeasures may be considered as a mea
107. and shape of slick due to the demulsification action of the dispersant which enhances dispersion Many trials have indicated that dispersants appear to modify the spreading rates of oils and within a few hours treated slicks cover much larger areas than control slicks Attachment IV I 11 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Effective Ineffective Applications Dispersed oil plume formation may not be instantaneous after dispersant application In some cases such as when the oil is emulsified it can take several hours A dispersed oil plume may not form at all The appearance of the dispersed plume can range from brown to white cloudy to no visible plume e Sometimes other things such as suspended solids may appear like dispersed oil The visibility of the dispersed plume will vary according to water clarity In some case remaining surface oil and sheen may mask oil dispersing under the slick and thus interfere with observations of the dispersed oil plume Dispersed oil plumes often are highly irregular in shape and non uniform in concentration This may lead to errors estimating dispersant efficiency e Ifa visible cloud in the water column is observed the dispersant is working e Ifa visible cloud in the water column is not observed it will be difficult to determine if the dispersant is working or not e fthere are differences in the appearance of the treated slick versus
108. argeted for application for physical and chemical characteristics important to the design and execution of the biomonitoring plan Determine the distribution abundance and seasonality of habitats in the area to be considered for application Project weather forecasts meteorological and hydrogeological trends in the potential application area for the proposed application time period Determine equipment needs based on operational logistics and Develop procedures designed to document sample collection methods and procedures YW 2 aN aN 2 2 YW 2 WN 2 2 The extent of the biomonitoring program should be directly proportional to the complexity and sensitivity of the area s chosen for biological degradation The more diverse and sensitive the effected environment the more complex and extensive the biomonitoring program should be The volume of material spilled is not the driving factor in determining the extensiveness of the biomonitoring program however the larger the spill in general the more area affected and the greater the potential for affecting sensitive ecosystems Thus large spills generally will require a more extensive biomonitoring program The OSC RP should refer to the ACP and incorporate any and all required monitoring as directed by the ACP Because one spill event may affect several different morphological environments or habitats bioremediation treatment techniques may be applied in several different
109. arine mammals and turtles e Rafting birds Estimating surface coverage Photographs sun reflection effects use of polarizing filter videotaping Written notes and sketches Calibrating eyeballs Recommended format Information to include Who to report to Coordination with water column monitoring 13 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 5 v 1 2000 3 5 Dispersant Observation Checklist Below is a dispersant observation checklist Check the items tasks accomplished Observation Ads Baemaps chatsoficama O O O 71 Clipboard and Pems pnil O Checklists and reporting forms Handheld GPS with extra set of batteries Observation job aids Oil on Water 4 Dispersant Observation Safety Equipment Personal flotation device Emergency locator beacon Survival equipment NOMEX coveralls if available Coldwater flotation suit 1f water temperature requires Intercom Safety Brief Preflight safety brief with pilot Safety features of aircraft fire extinguishers communications devices EN emergency locator beacon flotation release raft first aid kit etc Emergency exit procedures Purpose of mission Area orientation copy of previous overflight Route flight plan Duration of flight Preferred altitude Landing sites Number of people on mission Estimated weight
110. articular products under certain specified circumstances is approved in advance by the State DOC and DOI representatives to the RRT and such preapproval is specified in the Regional Contingency Plan the OSC may authorize bioremediation without consulting the RRT 22 State Regulations and Policies The following States do not currently have set policies regarding the use of bioremediation during a spill event For approval or information contact the State s representative to the Region 4 RRT Alabama Georgia Kentucky Mississippi South Carolina Tennessee Regulations and Policies in the State of Florida The State of Florida does not have any regulations that specifically address the use of bioremediation as a spill response tool However regulations do specify that any person discharging a pollutant shall immediately undertake actions to contain remove and abate the discharge Chapter 376 305 l Florida Statutes to the satisfaction of the Department of Environmental Protection DEP The DEP does not encourage bioremediation as a primary response countermeasure but instead it may be used in conjunction with other conventional remedial actions The exception to this is when the option of doing nothing is considered or conventional cleanup treatment methods are not feasible In those cases in situ bioremediation can be an effective substitute for traditional cleanup technologies The DEP has developed a set of guidelines to assist th
111. ata Logging Date Time Fluorometer Operators Weather Project Vessel Comments 1 Instrument initialization Verify clock time and date with GPS readout acceptable not Verify data reading RAW acceptable not Verify concentration readings in HIGH MAN acceptable not Verify time constant at 2 Sec acceptable not 2 Instrument Calibration Readings Span level from section 2 2 FS from section 2 2 Fluorescein 90 ppb reading section 3 3 De ionized Water reading section 3 2 3 4 Comments 28 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 12 v 1 2000 3 12 Dispersant Monitoring Field Guidelines 3 12 1 Overview Dispersant monitoring with fluorometers employs a continuous flow fluorometer Turner TM Design orequivalent at adjustable water depths Using a portable outrigger the sampling hose is deployed off the side of the boat and rigged so that the motion of the boat s propeller or the wake of the sampling boat does not disrupt the sampling line The fluorometer is calibrated with a check standard immediately prior to use in accordance with the operator s manual In addition water samples are collected for confirmation by conventional laboratory analysis 3 12 2 Tier II Monitoring Operations 3 12 2 1 Monitoring Procedures Monitoring the water column for dispersant efficacy includes three parts 1 Water s
112. ata from the Group Supervisor Ensures QA QC of the data Analyzes the data in the context of other available information and incident specific conditions formulates recommendations to the Unified Command e Forwards the recommendations to the Unified Command Makes the recommendations and data available to other entities in the ICS as needed e Archives the data for later use Lea the monitoring 1a Leads the monitoring team Training Monitor Assistant HAZWOPER 3 Group Supervisor SMART Monitor training Group 1 per group Coordinates and directs teams field Supervisor training QA QC of data links with UC Technical Specialist SMART Monitor training per response Overall QA QC of data reads and Scientific aspects of ISB interprets data provides recommendations to the Unified Command 41 SMART ISB Module Attachment 2 v 1 2000 3 2 Command Control and Data Flow In general in situ burn monitoring operations take place as an integral part of the Unified Command System Figures 1 and 2 ISB monitoring operations are directed by the Operations Section Chief or designate The Operations Section Chief provides the Monitoring Group Supervisor with tactical directions and support regarding deployment resources communications and general mission as adapted to the specific incident The Operations Section consults with the ISB monitoring Technical Specialist about the specifics of the monitori
113. ation of droplets is the most likely route of exposure to dispersant The toxicity of the solvents now in use is relatively low and the concentration if safe operating procedures are used is not expected to be above the level of concern Overexposure to the solvent in dispersants which are the compound of most concern may cause nausea dizziness headache and skin and eye irritation These are the symptoms to watch out for See attachment 3 for MSDS for Corexit 9527 All persons coming in contact with the dispersants should read and understand the material safety data sheet MSDS of the dispersant to be used The hazards of contact symptoms and preventive measures should be understood and followed Protection Adequate protection may be achieved by minimizing exposure Vessels monitoring dispersant operations should be upwind and shall keep a safe distance away 300 yards during aerial application In general using respirators should not be a routine practice for personnel involved in dispersant application and monitoring However under some conditions when monitoring indicate that overexposure to oil or dispersant may occur respirators may be used per recommendation of the site safety officer Personnel loading the dispersants on planes and vessels and otherwise handling large quantities of the product should exercise greater caution and protection They should wear non permeable clothing boots and gloves use eye protection and exerc
114. ation with fluorometer readings The number of water samples taken reflects the monitoring effort Generally five samples collected for each fluorometer data run is considered adequate in addition to background samples The water samples are stored in a cooler and sent to a laboratory for future analysis 2 3 SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 Tier Additional Monitoring Tiers I and II provide feedback to the Unified Command on the effectiveness of dispersant application If dispersants are effective and additional information on the movement of the dispersed oil plume is desired SMART Tier III procedures can address this need Tier III follows Tier II procedures but collects information on the transport and dispersion of the oil in the water column It helps to verify that the dispersed oil is diluting toward background levels Tier III monitoring may be conducted as follows l Multiple depths with one fluorometer This monitoring technique provides a cross section of relative concentrations of dispersed oil at different depths measuring the dilution of dispersed oil down to background levels When transecting the dispersant treated slick as outlined for Tier II the team stops the vessel at location s where elevated fluorometry readings are detected at 1 meter and while holding position the team lowers the fluorometry sampling hose at several increments down to a maximum depth of 10 meters Readings are taken at each water
115. but the reporting of information is to the Technical Specialist in the Planning Section The observation and monitoring data will flow from the Monitoring Teams to the Monitoring Group Supervisor The Group Supervisor forwards the data to the Technical Specialist The Technical Specialist or his her representative reviews the data and most importantly formulates recommendations based on the data The Technical Specialist communicates these recommendations to the Unified Command Quality assurance and control should be applied to the data at all levels The Technical Specialist in the Planning section is the custodian of the data during the operation The data belong to the Unified Command The Unified Command should ensure that the data are properly stored archived and accessible for the benefit of future monitoring operations SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 3 ATTACHMENTS The following attachments are designed to assist response personnel in implementing the SMART protocol A short description of each attachment is provided below EN 1 Roles and Responsibilities Detailed roles and responsibilities for responders filling monitoring positions Control and Data Flow An ICS structure for controlling monitoring units and transferring monitoring results Dispersant Observation General General guidelines for Tier I Guidelines monitoring 3 4 Dispersant Observation Training Outline of what should be covered for Outline Tier I observation t
116. by petroleum companies and researchers Again the same principles apply maintenance of an adequate supply of limiting nutrients and electron acceptors nitrogen phosphorus and oxygen in contact with the degrading populations throughout the entire treatment period For surface contamination maintenance of an adequate supply of oxygen is accomplished by tilling The maximum tilling depth is limited to about 15 to 20 inches however If the contamination zone is deeper other types of technologies would have to be used such as bioventing composting or use of biopiles all of which require addition of an external supply of forced air aeration FIELD EVIDENCE FOR BIOREMEDIATION Demonstrating the effectiveness of oil spill bioremediation technologies in the field is difficult because the experimental conditions cannot be controlled as well as is possible in the lab Nevertheless well designed field studies can provide strong evidence for the success of a particular technology if one can convincingly show that 1 oil disappears faster in treated areas than in untreated areas and 2 biodegradation is the main reason for the increased rate of disappearance Convincing demonstration of an increased rate of oil degradation was provided from a field study conducted during the summer of 1994 on the shoreline of Delaware Bay Although substantial hydrocarbon biodegradation occurred in the untreated plots statistically significant differences
117. c entering or departing the operations area May coordinate the use of restricted airspace Manages outside air traffic entering or departing operations area assumes only one spray aircraft Set communications protocol and limit communications traffic to avoid confusion between the Dispersant Operations Group resources and others Coordinates and is lead for any necessary emergency or rescue evolution Determine how the control of the spray on and spray off will be managed and coordinated for the operation Spotter and Observation Aircrews should be knowledgeable with oil observation dispersant observations operations directing spray aircraft and monitoring protocols Need to pre identify training and knowledgeable personnel Spotter Aircraft needs time in the air to observe prior to dispersant deployment Speed of Spotter Aircraft must be compatible with Spray Aircraft Attachment IV I 5 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SPRAY AIRCRAFT SPRAY VESSEL OR SPRAYER A The Spray Aircraft or Vessel or Sprayer is the delivery system of the dispersants to the oil slick The dispersant application can be both waterborne or airborne depending on the size of the spill and or dispersant operation complexity In both cases the sprayer reports to and receives tasking from the spotter aircraft Because dispersant operations can be executed in multiple geographic areas due to the spreading and breakup
118. cement of the natural biodegradation of condensate and crude oil on beaches of Atlantic Canada pp 479 486 In Proceedings 1989 Oil Spill Conference American Petroleum Institute Washington DC Wrenn B A M T Suidan K L Strohmeir B L Eberhart G J Wilson and A D Venosa 1997 Nutrient transport during bioremediation of contaminated beaches evaluation with lithium as a conservative tracer Wat Res 31 3 515 524 Wrenn B A M C Boufadel M T Suidan and A D Venosa 1997 Nutrient transport during bioremediation of crude oil contaminated beaches In In Situ and On Site Bioremediation Volume 4 pp 267 272 Battelle Memorial Institute Columbus OH Venosa A D M T Suidan B A Wrenn K L Strohmeier J R Haines B L Eberhart D King and E Holder 1996 Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay Environmental Sci and Technol 30 5 1764 1775 This page intentionally left blank 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 6 30 00 OTHER COUNTERMEASURES PLANS Introduction This section of the Selection Guide provides the decision maker with a placeholder for future regional operational and implementation plans for applied technologies Purpose As future use of applied technologies continues region specific guidance may be developed lessons learned captured etc This information can be stored in this section for future reference NOTE The Region IV Inland n situ Burn
119. ces VASNR the authority and responsibility for providing approval for the use of chemical countermeasures for control of oil spills in or affecting Virginia waters This MOU constitutes preconsultation and preconcurrence by all signatories for the approval for use of chemical countermeasures within the preapproval areas subject to conditions of this MOU and its annexes The use of response measures addressed by this MOU are subject to compliance with the consultation requirements of Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act as amended Annex V lists the specific products for which formal pre incident consultation has already been completed Consultation for products not listed in Annex V would be accomplished on an incident specific basis prior to their use The Dispersant Employment Evaluation Plan DEEP of the Region III Regional Contingency Plan RCP states that concurrence is required from the affected state s DOI DOC and EPA It further states that where hazards to human life exist the regulations in Subpart J of the NCP apply and the FOSC may authorize dispersant use without regional concurrence network approval Similarly these regulations also permit the FOSC to use surface collecting agents and biological additives to prevent or substantially reduce a hazard to human life 2 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU SCOPE The USCG EPA DOI DOC DE DNREC MDE and VASNR agree that the primary method of controlling discharged o
120. cted in accordance with any consultations approved by the U S Fish and Wildlife Service and the NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act Prior to beginning an in situ burn it will be determine if threatened or endangered species are present in the burn area or otherwise at risk from any burn operations fire or smoke Measures will be taken to prevent risk to any wildlife especially endangered or threatened species Examples of potential protection methods may include moving the location of the burn to an area where listed species are not present temporary employment of hazing techniques if effective and physical removal of listed species individuals under the authority of the trustee agency If the risk to endangered or threatened species cannot be eliminated or reduced sufficiently the burn will not be conducted 10 The FOSC will make every reasonable effort to continuously evaluate the decision to burn and allow RRT agencies and the affected states the opportunity for comment Formal requests to discontinue a burn when submitted by agencies will be immediate grounds for discontinuance of burn operations 11 Monitors representing the USCG EPA federal trustee agencies the affected states OSHA and the responsible party will have the opportunity to monitor in situ burning operations when feasible a Monitoring to establish continue discontinue data for input to the FOSC will be conducted i
121. d Heavy Crude Bunker C 6 fuel oil Medium crude Diesel 2 fuel oil Jet fuels gasoline Other I Estimated volume of product 5 gals bbls J Release status Continuous _ Intermittent One time only now stoped Yes If continuous or intermittent specify rate of release gals bbls per hour K Estimated surface area covered acres sqft 17 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT Weather Current and Forecasted A Current Weather Clear Partly Cloudy __ Overcast Rain Snow Fog Inversion 24 hour projection 48 hour projection Wind speed and direction are generally looked at three levels Surface measured at the site 20 foot these are usually the forecasted winds and the transport winds The transport winds determine where and how fast the smoke will go These winds are generalfe iven by the state Forecasted Transport Current Wind Speed mph gt Direction from 24 hour projection mph Direction from b 48 hour projection mph N N Direction from N N EVALUATION OF RESPONSE OPERATIONS N B Considering spill size for casted weather and trajectories amoupjeef available C Why is in situ burning necessary provid a briefxplanation STEP 2 BURNING FEASIBILITY CHECKLIST Weather and Oil Conditions A Are weather conditions acceptable to conduct burn operations Yes No B Visibil
122. d flushing of applied nutrients Bioremediation is not likely to be effective under these conditions There are significant toxicity concerns for use of bioremediation agents in shallow poorly flushed areas such as sheltered tidal flats or subtidal habitats where there are concentrations of sensitive life stages of fish and shellfish such as sea grass beds and oyster reefs Salt to Brackish water Marshes Freshwater Marshes Freshwater Swamps and Mangroves There are very few cleanup options which do not cause significant impacts to these sensitive habitats Most often Ano action is the preferred option However there may be conditions under which bioremediation may be considered particularly for lighter oils In wetlands with shallow poorly mixed water bodies the potential increase in eutrophication and ammonia caused by aggressive bioremediation needs to be considered LOGISTICAL CONCERNS Characteristics of a spill incident including characteristics of affected habitats and spilled pollutant should determine whether a spill is a candidate for bioremediation treatment If based on these factors bioremediation has not been eliminated as a response alternative then the logistical feasibility of implementing an appropriate bioremediation action plan should be evaluated Implementation considerations include the proposed scale of a bioremediation activity the availability of the bioremediation agent s proposed for application i
123. d here does not affect data when using the dispersant monitoring procedure 3 11 6 Cleaning and Desiccant Procedures 3 11 6 1 Cleaning Drain the water or sample from the cuvette Take a screwdriver and remove the top metal screw from the cuvette cell make sure the inlet valve is closed then fill the cell with isopropanol Take the cuvette brush and gently clean the cell drain the isopropanol from the cell and reinstall the metal screw Using the syringe port flush the cell three to four times using de ionized water If the display reads near 0 or less your system is clean if not repeat the cleaning procedure until the instrument display reads 0 Raw or less 3 11 6 2 Desiccant Replace desiccant once every two to three months Unscrew the front panel eight Allen screws on the left side of front panel Replace the desiccant bag just beneath the panel 3 11 7 Fluorescein Standard Preparation 3 11 7 1 Preparation of standard and stock The 90 ppb standard was prepared from fluorescein sodium salt 70 CAS 518 47 8 10 000 ppm working stock solution was prepared by weighing out 143 mg of fluorescein into 10 ml of de ionized water in 10 ml volumetric flask Nine 9 microliters ul of the working stock solution was added to one liter of de ionized water in a one liter volumetric flask to obtain the 90 ppb fluorescent standard The 90 ppb standard should be transferred to an amber bottle so it will not photodegrade
124. d of the fire the gases dissipate to acceptable levels relatively quickly The main public health concern is the particulates in the smoke plume With the acceptance of in situ burning as a spill response option concerns have been raised regarding the possible effects of the particulates in the smoke plume on the general public downwind SMART is designed to address these concerns and better aid the Unified Command in decisions related to initiating continuing or terminating in situ burning 2 MONITORING PROCEDURES 2 1 General Considerations In general SMART is conducted when there is a concern that the general public may be exposed to smoke from the burning oil It follows that monitoring should be conducted when the predicted trajectory of the smoke plume indicates that the smoke may reach population centers and the concentrations of smoke particulates at ground level may exceed safe levels Monitoring is not required however when impacts are not anticipated Execution of in situ burning has a narrow window of opportunity It is imperative that the monitoring teams are alerted of possible in situ burning and SMART operations as soon as burning is being considered even if implementation is not certain This increases the likelihood of timely and orderly SMART operations 2 2 Sampling and Reporting Monitoring operations deploy one or more monitoring teams SMART recommends at least three monitoring teams for large scale burning operat
125. ded for the dispersant operation Determines what aircraft and vessels will be operating on scene to carry out the dispersant operation Requests resources needed to implement the Dispersant Operation Plan Arranges logistical support including such things as obtaining or storing adequate supplies of dispersants aircraft maintenance and fuel airport arrangements and additional aircrews if needed Supervises the execution of the Dispersant Operation Plan monitors progress and makes additional application requests as needed Coordinates any aircraft support through the Air Operations Branch Director Conducts a safety briefing and debriefing of dispersant operations group personnel Obtains video still photography of the dispersant operation Coordinates the disposal of residual dispersant from drums and or tanks Coordinate closely with Scientific Support Coordinator SSC and other technical specialists to ensure input recommendations are shared with the Unified Command Attachment 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 0 Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Obtain samples and oil information e g MSDS API Viscosity etc as soon as possible for both spills and potential spills Can use NOAA s Oil Information Data Sheet from ADIOS to collect information Determine dispersibility potential of the oil May require lab analysis and testing SSC can provide this service Obtain dispersant capability as soon as potential
126. ded in whole or in part as is mutually agreeable to all parties thereto Area Committees may submit further defined areas for use non use of in situ burning for consideration and approval by the RRT concurrence agencies Approved amendments shall be found in a separate appendix to this document CANCELLATION This document may be canceled in whole or in part by any party thereto Cancellation will take place 30 days following delivery of written notification to each of the agencies participating in this Memorandum of Understanding FIGURES and APPENDICES Figure 1 Region III In Situ Burning Authorization Zones I FOSC ISB Decision Diagram II ISB Evaluation Checklist III ISB Monitoring Protocols will be superseeded by the SMART Program when approved 6 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU SIGNATURES Captain Anthony Regalbuto USCG original signed 9 24 97 Commander m Fifth Coast Guard District RRT Co Chair Mr Dennis Carney original signed 9 24 97 U S Environmental Protection Agency Region III RRT Co Chair Mr Don Henne original signed 9 24 97 Regional Environmental Officer U S Department of Interior RRT Representative Cdr Gerry Wheaton original signed 9 24 97 NOAA CRC U S Department of Commerce RRT Representative Mr Christoph A G Tulou Secretary original signed 1 14 98 Department of Natural Resources and Envoronmental Control State of Delaware Jane Nashida Secretary original signed 12 5 9
127. depth and the data recorded both automatically in the instrument data logger and manually by the monitors Manual readings should be taken at discreet time intervals of 2 minutes 5 minutes etc as specified by the Monitoring Group Supervisor or as indicated in a written sampling plan developed by the Dispersant Technical Specialist Transect at two different depths This technique also looks at changes in concentration trends but uses two fluorometers monitoring at different depths as the monitoring vessel transects the dispersed oil slick while making continuous observations It is done as follows Monitoring is conducted at two different depths 1 and 5 meters or any two water depths agreed upon by the Incident Commander or the Unified Command Two sampling setups outriggers hoses etc and two different fluorometers are used all on a single vessel The vessel transects the dispersant treated slick as outlined in Tier II except that now data are collected simultaneously for two water depths While the data logger in each instrument automatically records the data separately the monitoring team manually records the data from both instrument simultaneously at discrete time intervals of 2 minutes 5 minutes etc as specified by the Monitoring Group Supervisor or the sampling plan developed by the Dispersant Technical Specialist Comparison of the readings at the two water depths may provide information on the dilution trend of the dispersed oi
128. dinate Dispersant Observer Program Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page USCG MSO Planning Demobilize Dispersant Resources Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page ii WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan FOREWORD This Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DOIP has been developed by the Region III Regional Response Team RRT in cooperation with RRT IV Many of the attachments to this plan and other guidance provided herein were extracted from the RRT IV Seventh Coast Guard District Dispersant Use Operational Planning and Implementation Guidance January 1999 draft document This DOIP is intended as a tool to stimulate dispersant planning at the Area Committee level and to facilitate rapid implementation of dispersant operations by the Federal On Scene Coordinator FOSC Unified Command when appropriate When the DOIP is approved RRT III intends to distribute it to Area Committees in Region III for integration into Area Contingency Plans As Region III Federal On Scene Coordinators gain experience in the use of dispersants this document and Region III Area Contingency Plans will require updating to incorporate lessons learned This DOIP will provide a framework or process for rapid implementation of dispersant operations and will provide pertinent National and Region III level information It will require customization for area s
129. dispersant effort Attachment II B 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment 11 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Areal Coverage Rates for Selected Spill Response 100 Large Fixed Wing Aircraft 10 TT a St 10 Helicopter amp Small 5 Fixed Wing Aircraft 3 Large Skimmer D ia with V Boom wo p d 2 225 2 E i 1 o 3 Vessel g with Spray Arms 5 Medium Skimmer i with Extended 0 1 Diversion Boom 9 eT D4 lt d b w 0 1 mE p4 z Fire Containment 7 Boom with Towed U Configuration SS 0 01 w 717 Skimmer Self Propelled _ ot Over the Side 0 01 0 RLW T em ae _ Mechanical Clean Up Dispersants 1441 0 001 Burning 9 Courtesy of Alan A Allen Spiltec 0 001 Attachment IV A 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV A 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill 1 Key Operational Factors a Weather Wind Visibility Clearance b Window of Opportunity hrs c Daylight Hours Remaining hrs d Enter Smallest Window hrs e Platform Data Transit Speed Application Speed Knots Swath Feet Coverage Rate Acres s Coverage Rate SqFt s System Pump Rate gpm Dispersant Payl
130. dited decision regarding the use of surface collecting agents and biological additives 1 mitigating devices in accordance with Section 4202 as identified and discussed in Subpart J of the National Contingency Plan NCP Dispersants surface collecting agents and biological additives will be referred to as chemical countermeasures for the purposes of this MOU This MOU provides preauthorization for the use of chemical countermeasures by the Federal On Scene Coordinator FOSC This preauthorization applies only in the Federal Region III portion of designated zones in the Captain of the Port Hampton Roads COTP HR geographic area of responsibility and in the Federal Region III portion of the Captain of the Port Philadelphia COTP PHI geographic area of responsibility Preauthorization is subject to the conditions of this MOU which include the general conditions set forth in the protocols section of this MOU the Zone specific conditions set forth in Annex I to this MOU and the conditions for trial use set forth in Annex III to this MOU AUTHORITY Subpart J of the NCP provides that the FOSC with the concurrence of the EPA representative to the Regional Response Team and the States with jurisdiction over the navigable waters threatened by the oil discharge and in consultation with the U S 1 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU Department of Commerce DOC and U S Department of the Interior DOI natural resource trustees may a
131. duct in situ burn B _ In situ burning may be conducted pursuant to attached conditions C _ In situ burning may be conducted as requested in Step 3 Signature of EPA Co Chair Printed Name Signature of USCG Co Chair Signature of DOI Repregtntative Printed Name Signature State s Printed Name Signature of Other Federal Trustee s Printed Name Signature of Tribal RepresentatiVe 2 Printed Name 26 6 30 00 MONITORING PLANS STRATEGIES Introduction This section of the Selection Guide provides the decision maker with a placeholder for copies of all monitoring plans and strategies developed by the Regional Response Team As of this revision date the Regional Response Team has adopted the Scientific Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies SMART tiered approach as guidance for dispersant and in situ burning operations in the Region As additional monitoring plans and strategies are adopted by the Region they can be added to this section of the Selection Guide to provide the decision maker with a paper resource that provides complete documentation of all support documents necessary for response decision making 1 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 2 6 30 00 1 2000 SPECIAL MONTTORING of APPLIED IRESPONSE TECHNOLOGIES Developed by U S Coast Guard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U S Environmental Protection Agency Centers for Diseas
132. dule v 1 2000 generated by the particulate monitors should be used to ascertain the trend The NRT recommendis that burning not take place if the air quality in the region already exceeds the NAAQS and if burning the oil will add to the particulate exposure concentration SMART can be used to take background readings to indicate whether the region is within the NAAQS before the burn operation takes place The monitoring teams should report ambient readings to the Unified Command especially if these readings approach or exceed the NAAQS 2 5 SMART as Part of the ICS Organization SMART activities are directed by the Operations Section Chief in the Incident Command System ICS It is recommended that a group be formed in the Operations Section that directs the monitoring effort The head of this group is the Monitoring Group Supervisor Under each group there are monitoring teams At a minimum each monitoring team consists of two trained members a monitor and assistant monitor An additional team member could be used to assist with sampling and recording The monitor serves as the team leader The teams report to the Monitoring Group Supervisor who directs and coordinates team operations under the control of the Operations Section Chief 2 6 Information Flow and Data Handling Communication of monitoring results should flow from the field Monitoring Group Supervisor to those persons in the Unified Command who can interpret the results and use
133. e Maryland or Virginia of a decision to conduct burning within the A zone via RRT representatives 3 B Zones Waters Requiring Case by Case Approval Geographic Scope Zone B is defined as waters under the jurisdiction of RRT II and not classified as A or R zones that 1 lie within state territorial boundaries 2 are designated as marine reserves National Marine Sanctuaries National or State Wildlife Refuges units of the National Park Service or proposed or designated Critical Habitats or 3 are considered coastal wetlands including submerged algal beds and submerged seagrass beds If the FOSC feels that in situ burning within the B zone would be beneficial a request for authorization must be submitted to the RRT along with the information specified in the checklist in Appendix II The FOSC is granted authority to conduct in situ burning in B zones only after consultation with DOC NOAA and DOL and only after concurrence is given by EPA and the affected states The will respond to the FOSC s request for burning in Zone B within four hours The USCG will immediately notify EPA DOC NOAA DOI and the states of Delaware Maryland or Virginia of a decision to initiate an approved burn within the B zone via RRT representatives 4 R Zones Restricted Zones Geographic Scope An zone is defined as an area under the jurisdiction of RRT III and not classified as an A or B zone that has been designated by
134. e Control and Prevention 1 2000 SMART is a living document SMART is a living document We expect that changing technologies accumulated experience and operational improvements will bring about changes to the SMART program and to the document We would welcome any comment or suggestion you may have to improve the SMART program Please send your comments to SMART Mail NOAA OR amp R 7600 Sand Point Way N E Seattle WA 98115 USA Fax 206 526 6329 Or email to smart mail noaa gov SMART approval status As of January 2000 EPA Regions II and VI adopted SMART It was reviewed and approved by the Science and Technology committee of the National Response Team and will be forwarded to the full NRT for review and approval Acknowledgments Gracious thanks are extended to the members of the SMART workgroup for their tireless efforts to generate this document to the many reviewers who provided insightful comments and to the NOAA OR amp R Technical Information Group for assistance in editorial and graphic design SMART is a Guidance Document Only Purpose and Use of this Guidance This manual and any internal procedures adopted for its implementation are intended solely as guidance They do not constitute rulemaking by any agency and may not be relied upon to create right or benefit substantive or procedural enforceable by law or in equity by any person Any agency or person may take action at variance with thi
135. e aircraft Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office 603 770 1813 Home EADC EADC Hotel Fort Pierce FL Cell Monroe LA Caller initials Y N Per Office 504 851 6391 Airborne Home Airborne Support Inc Support Inc eum Houma LA 70363 Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per 1 13 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT MONITORING AIRCRAFT To support the dispersant monitoring team Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Avail Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office 603 770 1813 Home EADC
136. e g fish kill Photographic documentation Lessons learned 16 SMART Dispersants Module Attachment 8 v 1 2000 3 8 Monitoring Training Outline 3 8 1 General Training for Tier II and III monitoring consists of an initial training for personnel involved in monitoring operations Group Supervisor training and refresher training sessions every six months Emphasis is placed on field exercise and practice 3 8 2 Basic Training Monitor Level Training includes monitoring concepts instrument operation work procedures and a field exercise Z Brief overview of dispersant monitoring Review of SMART What is it hour why do it what is it good for Monitoring strategy who where when Reporting Basic instrument operation hands on how the fluorometer works how to 3 hours operate brief description of mechanism setup and calibration reading the data what the data mean troubleshooting using Global Positioning Systems downloading data taking water samples Field exercise Set up instruments within available boat platforms measure 3 4 hours background water readings at various locations Using fluoroscein dye or other specified fluorescent source monitor for levels above background Practice recording reporting and downloading data 3 8 3 Group Supervisor Training Group Supervisor training may include Independent training with the
137. e like a marine intertidal zone Less research has been conducted in these types of environments so it is not yet known how well bioremediation would enhance oil removal By the year 2000 however data will be available from an intentional oil spill study being conducted jointly by the U S EPA and Fisheries and Oceans Canada on a freshwater shoreline of the St Lawrence River in Quebec This study is examining bioremediation with nitrate and NRT Bioremediation Fact Sheet ammonium in the presence and absence of wetland plant species Scirpis americanus However the same principles apply to this type of environment as a marine environment namely that nutrients must be maintained in contact with the degrading populations for a sufficient period of time to effect the enhanced treatment There is an added complication in a wetland however Oil penetration is expected to be much lower than on a porous sandy marine beach Below only a few centimeters of depth the environment becomes anaerobic and petroleum biodegradation is likely to be much slower even in the presence of an adequate supply of nitrogen and phosphorus Technology for increasing the oxygen concentration in such an environment is still undeveloped other than reliance on the wetland plants themselves to pump oxygen down to the rhizosphere through the root system Soil Environments Land farming techniques for treating oil spills on soil have been used extensively for years
138. e samples analyzed The latter would include GC MS analysis of target aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons which have been identified as marker compounds for tracking oil degradation and weathering such as the normal alkanes the isoprenoids pristane and phytane and the conservative biomarker hopane Water quality measurements should include nutrients dissolved oxygen biological oxygen demand BOD TOC and COD Refer to Appendix E for methodologies and recommended procedures All data is subject to review by the OSC or a delegate and will be made available upon request This data will support further response decisions and to provide the response community with a better understanding about the use of bioremediation as an oil spill response tool DOCUMENTATION AND REPORTING During the course of a bioremediation activity and accompanying monitoring effort the following reports shall be prepared and submitted to the OSC Activity reports provide descriptions of the bioremediation activity area weather unique observations and activities undertaken as well as the names and affiliations of persons on site Activity reports should be prepared 19 whenever activities on site are undertaken Analytical reports provide laboratory analysis results of environmental and control samples Lab results should be analyzed interpreted and a brief summary report prepared within a reasonable time agreed to by all parties After action rep
139. e state OSC or first responder with bioremediation decisions and proper use The AGuidelines for the Use of Bioremediation as a Cleanup Technique apply to spills of less than 50 gallons of petroleum on inland areas or in non navigable waters of the state The DEP has not established any guidelines or policies regarding the use of bioremediation for coastal spill response In these cases the DEP will work closely with the Florida Marine Research Institute the federal OSC and the RRT to identify areas where bioremediation would be considered The use of bioremediation is prohibited for petroleum contaminated site inland UST sites remedial actions unless specifically approved by the DEP Bureau of Waste Cleanup Technical Support Section The DEP has established petroleum contaminated soil cleanup criteria Chapter 62 770 Florida Administrative Code and publishes AGuidelines for the Assessment and Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soil to clarify the DEP s position concerning petroleum contaminated soil remedial actions 23 Regulations and Policies the State of North Carolina The State of North Carolina s Department of Environment Health and Natural Resources regulates the use of bioremediation for response to spills When requesting an evaluation to utilize bioremediation the following information must be submitted to Dr Luanne Williams North Carolina Department of Environmental Health and Natural Resources Occupational and
140. earance between the treated slick and an untreated slick the dispersant may be working e Boat wakes through oil may appear as a successful dispersion of oil however this may be just the vessel wake breaking a path through the oil physically parting the oil not dispersing it 12 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 4 v 1 2000 3 4 Dispersant Observation Training Outline Below is a suggested outline for dispersant observation training Topics and sub topics Observation Platforms Helo or fixed wing separate from application platform e Safety considerations daylight safe flying conditions Logistical considerations personnel equipment communication Planning an overflight 1hour e Physical properties Different types of oil Chemistry crude vs refined product Appearance and behavior Effects of wind waves and weather How dispersants work 71586 Method of action Compatible incompatible products Appropriate environmental conditions wave energy temperature salinity etc Oil weathering e Oil slick thickness Beaching sinking etc Dispersant application systems 45min Platform boat helo plan Encounter rate Importance of droplet size Dispersant to oil ratio dosage Hitting the target Dispersal into water column Color changes Herding effect Missing the target Oil remaining on surface Coalescence and resurfacing Identifying m
141. ection of relative concentrations of dispersed oil at different depths To conduct this operation the team stops the vessel while transecting the dispersant treated slick at a location where the fluorometry monitoring at the one meter depth indicated elevated readings While holding steady at this location the team 32 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 12 v 1 2000 lowers the fluorometer sampling hose at several increments down to approximately ten meters Figure 7 Monitoring is done for several minutes 2 3 minutes for each water depth and the readings recorded both automatically by the instrument s data logger and manually by the monitoring team in the data logging form This monitoring mode like Tier IL requires one vessel and one fluorometer with a team to operate it 3 12 4 2 Simultaneous Monitoring at Two Different Depths If two fluorometers and monitoring setups are available the transect outlined for Tier II may be expanded to provide fluorometry data for two water depths one and five meters are commonly used Two sampling set ups outriggers hoses etc and two different fluorometers are used all on a single vessel with enough monitoring personnel to operate both instruments The team transects the dispersant treated slick as outlined in Tier II but simultaneously collect data for two water depths Figure 7 While the data logger in each instrument is automatically recording the data separately the monitoring teams
142. ectioned by 5 cm increments Scoop type grab sampling is applicable but great care is required to ensure that consistency is maintained The sampling plan should provide exact guidance as to the width and depth of each sample Adjacent subsurface water samples may be collected using standard grab techniques Caution should be exercised to prevent surface oil from contaminating the collection vessel as it is lowered to the specified sampling depth Water grab sample will typically be collected at 1 3 depth Analytical methods used for bioremediation monitoring should be consistent with standard methods utilized for oil weathering and degradation studies Analytical guidance being developed by the EPA and NETAC for laboratory testing of bioremediation agents should be adopted for field monitoring studies 36 Field and laboratory blanks should be specified in the monitoring plan and should represent at least 1096 of the samples analyzed To assess environmental variability 1096 of the sample stations should be sampled and analyzed in triplicate Since no certified reference material is currently available for oil bioremediation monitoring a reference sample of the spilled oil should be analyzed periodically to verify laboratory consistency Quantitative values for the reference oil should not vary by more than 209 for selected analytes Good laboratory practices should be employed that are consistent with the objectives of the biomonitoring plan
143. eedings 1991 Oil Spill Conference Enzymatic bio catalysts designed to enhance the emulsification and or dispersion of oil and make it more available to microorganisms as a source of food or energy These agents are generally liquid concentrates which may be mixed with surfactants and nutrients that are manufactured through fermentation This type of agent is intended to enhance biodegradation by indigenous microorganisms Other Agents include agents that do not fall under the above definitions such as application mechanism agents that are designed to have an affinity for oil and bring together the elements needed for enhanced oil degradation Examples of application mechanism agents include time release capsules liposomes timed release fertilizers 0 Custom blend and agents that make oil more hydrophilic 31 Agent Evaluation Procedure In considering bioremediation agents listed on the NCP Product Schedule or proposed by agent vendors for potential use in spill cleanup it is important that response decision makers evaluate the various characteristics of agents particularly their safety and efficacy From the perspective of planning for bioremediation use the most appropriate time to evaluate agents whether performed by EPA product vendors or contractors is before a spill occurs Provided below is a procedure designed specifically to aid in such an evaluation which is directed ultimately at identifying bioremediation age
144. eeping people and animal away from the burn site Yes No Have local fire and police departments been notified Yes No Are the appropriate fire fighting gear and personnel on scene Yes No 4 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST C Is aircraft s for ignition and aerial observation required Yes No If yes are they available Yes No Flight requirements daylight hours visibility gt 1 mile ceiling gt 500 feet FAA certified for helitorch D Ignition System 1 Available Yes No 2 Type method to be used 3 Burn Promoters Yes No E Personnel properly trained equipped with safety gear amp covered by site safety plan Yes No Communications System available to communicate with aircraft vessels and firefighters available and working Yes No PROPOSED BURN PLAN A Proposed burning strategy circle appropriate responses l Ignition away from source after containment and movement to safe location 2 Immediate ignition at or near source 3 Ignition of uncontained slick s at a safe distance 4 Ignition of oil on land B Estimated amount of oil to be burned surface area sqft volume gal bbl Estimated duration of burn in minutes D Are simultaneous burns planned Yes No If yes how many E Are sequential or repeat burns planned not simultaneous Yes No F Method for terminating the burn G Proposed method for ignition H Ability to collect burned oil residue
145. efore bioremediation treatment is considered further Biodegradation is typically useful on moderately to heavily oiled substrates after other techniques have been used to remove as much oil as possible and on lightly oiled shorelines where other techniques are destructive or not effective When used on diesel type and medium oils that do not have large amounts of high molecular weight slowly degrading components bioremediation is most effective On thick oil residues it is least effective However bioremediation should not be considered for gasoline spills which will be completely removed by evaporation at faster time frames than by microbial degradation Generally oils can be divided into the following categories to further assist in making this determination see Appendix C Evaluating Biodegradation Potential of Various Oils Group I Very Light Refined Products gasoline naptha solvents very volatile and highly flammable complete removal by evaporation likely high acute toxicity to biota can cause severe impacts to water column and intertidal resources specific gravity less than 0 80 will penetrate substrate causing subsurface contamination not considered for bioremediation due to high evaporation rates amp amp Group 1 Diesel like Products and Light Crude Oils no 2 jet fuel jet fuel kerosene marine diesel West Texas Crude Alberta Crude amp moderat
146. el size of the area to be treated health and safety precautions and monitoring arrangements A protocol for monitoring the environmental effects and the effectiveness of countermeasures must be prepared and approved prior to the application of any chemical countermeasure Approved monitoring plans shall be attached to this document See Annex IV Dispersant Monitoring Protocol Adherence to the monitoring protocol included in this MOU fully satisfies this requirement for 4 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU dispersants Other monitoring protocols shall be developed and required for other chemical countermeasures The appropriate monitoring protocol shall be conducted and funded by the responsible party the USCG in event of a mystery spill or their designee Monitoring plans will be updated as new information arises regarding the chemical products ecological resources of the States and monitoring technology The responsible party must provide this written Preliminary Report on the effect and effectiveness of chemical countermeasures to the FOSC within 48 hours of application of any chemical countermeasure In the event of a trial application refer to Annex III Trial Use Policy The U S Coast Guard and the States Commonwealth shall cooperate to jointly develop a training program for state commonwealth and federal observers who shall be responsible for assessing application effectiveness and documenting compliance with the countermeasu
147. eline material distribution sampling is performed Temperature air All test sites Days 0 1 7 14 and every water week thereafter Salinity All test sites Days 0 1 7 14 and every week thereafter Dissolved oxygen N A All test sites Days 0 1 7 14 and every week thereafter Sea state N A Activity area Days 0 1 7 14 and every week thereafter Wind velocity Activity area Days 0 1 7 14 and every week thereafter Efficacy water 1 liter water 20 grams All test sites and as Days 0 1 7 14 and every sediment and or sediment or shoreline appropriate all week thereafter shoreline material material water depths Toxicity water 8 liters water 20 All test sites and as Days 0 1 7 for Microtox sediment and or grams sediment or appropriate all and at same intervals for shoreline material shoreline material water depths every reapplication of agent for long term amphipod days 0 1 7 14 and every week thereafter N A means Not Applicable Frequency i is relative to the time of agent application 3Sample size location and frequency for toxicity testing are recommendations Actual parameters shall be determined based upon conditions of the spill event 21 APPENDIX APPLICABLE FEDERAL AND STATE REGULATIONS Legislation at both the federal and state level may affect decisions to use bioremediation Existing regulations and policies that govern the use of bioremediation treatment techniques and agents
148. ely volatile persists in environment for an increasing period of time as A weight of material increases light fractions will evaporate to no residue crude oils leave residue after evaporation moderate to high toxicity to biota can form stable emulsions tend to penetrate substrate fresh spills are not adhesive specific gravity of 0 80 0 85 gravity of 35 45 bioremediation most effective on lower molecular weight oils with faster degrading components aromatic portions less susceptible to degradation Group Medium grade Crude Oils and Intermediate Products North Slope crude South Louisiana crude no 4 fuel oil lube oils 62 moderately volatile up to one third will evaporate in the first 24 hours moderate to high viscosity specific gravity of 0 85 0 95 gravity of 17 5 35 variable acute toxicity depending on amount of light fraction can form stable emulsions variable substrate penetration and adhesion bioremediation most effective on lower molecular weight oils with faster degrading components Group IV Heavy Crude Oils and Residual Products Venezuela crude San Joaquin Valley crude Bunker C no 6 fuel oil G d 62 slightly volatile very little product loss by evaporation very viscous to semisolid may become less viscous when warmed specific gravity of 0 95 1 00 API gravity of 10 17 5 low acute toxicity relative to other o
149. endations to the Unified Command COMMAND POST FIELD OPERATIONS Jo Untreated o oil L H Wem Fin Ops Log A Plan 4 Monitoring Group Supervisor 1 Monitoring vessel 2 Aerial observation platform 3 Dispersant application platform 4 Spotter aircraft Dispersant Monitoring Group Visual Water Column Water Column Observation Team 1 Team 2 Figure 2 The Dispersant Monitoring Group in the ICS structure Planning Finance 10 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 3 v 1 2000 3 3 Dispersant Observation General Guidelines 3 3 1 Goal The goal of Tier I monitoring is to identify oil visually assess efficacy of dispersants applied to oil and report the observations to the Unified Command with recommendations The recommendations may be to continue to modify or to evaluate further monitoring or use because dispersants were not observed to be effective 3 3 2 Guidelines and Pointers 3 3 2 1 Reporting Observations The observer does not make operational decisions e g how much dispersant to apply or when and where to apply it These decisions are made at the command level and the observer makes observations based on those decisions Different observers at the same site may reach different conclusions about how much of the slick has been dispersed This is why comprehensive
150. ent to see oil containment systems and suitable for aerial overflight for burn observation Yes No E Oil Condition 1 Fresh oil lt 2 3 days exposure Yes No 2 22 3 mm 0 1 inch thickness Yes No 3 25 water content for optimal ignition Yes No 2 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST HABITATS IMPACTED AND RESOURCES AT RISK A State Natural Resource Agency notified and consulted Yes No Name Agency Address Phone B U S Fish and Wildlife Service notified and consulted Yes 2 Name Agency Address Phone C Land Owner Manager notified and consulted Yes No Name Agency Address Phone D Wetland Type s Impacted Wooded swamp f Scrub shrub wetland Large river marsh pool Other riparian marsh 1 2 List Dominant Species 3 4 5 Freshwater marsh 6 7 8 Submerged aquatic vegetation Salt brackish marsh type Other marsh type describe below E Other Habitats Impacted 1 Small pond may be more than one 2 Small river or stream 3 Low lying bank 4 Pasture farmland 95 Other types describe below F Season Winter Spring Summer Fall G Biological Resources Present 1 Threatened Endangered Species including plants list below Describe significant issues such as large concentrations breeding activities etc 2 Mammals 3 Waterfowl 4 Wading Birds 5 Diving Birds 6 S
151. ents and each method may have unique resource requirements for its implementation To determine whether requirements for application methods will preclude or limit the use of a particular method the habitat s where bioremediation is being considered for cleanup should be evaluated to determine which method is most appropriate Next the types and supply of available equipment and personnel adequate to implement and monitor the bioremediation response effort as well as access to laboratory facilities for sample analyses should be evaluated Refer to the Biomonitoring Plan section for recommended monitoring activities and monitoring resource requirements If the desired bioremediation response requires more resources than are currently available or attainable the scale of the bioremediation response may need to be reduced IMPLEMENTATION Before initiating bioremediation treatment several steps shall be completed First the OSC shall notify RRT 4 that the use of bioremediation is being proposed by transmitting the completed Bioremediation Use Authorization Form Second a Bioremediation Work Plan and Bioremediation Monitoring Plan shall be developed to address issues necessary to ensure an efficient and effective bioremediation spill response RRT Notification After finalizing the selection of a bioremediation treatment technique and the appropriate method for each affected habitat to receive treatment the completed Bioremediation Use A
152. epared and submitted to the OSC or his designee for review Note Many of the items requested in the feasibility assessment criteria section can and should be included in the bioremediation Work plan Incident Characteristics Time and date of release Product spilled Quantity spilled Status of spill Location of incident Description of incident Properties of spilled product specific or API gravity viscosity cp pour point attemp F sulfur content Y w Responsible party information company address telephone contact person telephone 26 Feasibility Assessment Criteria Specific location proposed for treatment What are the characteristics of the spill environment type of environment habitat marine brackish freshwater past spill history Amount of weathering spilled product has undergone Description of impact s Has ownership of land been determined Has written permission from landowner been obtained Bioremediation agent proposed for use of product of agent microbial nutrient microbial nutrient etc Isagent listed on NCP Has EPA data been reviewed by the SSC To what tier has the agent been formally evaluated Does the agent or responsible party have any previous first hand experience with the use of the proposed bioremediation agent or have any corroborated laboratory or field data indicating it enhances biodegradation and is not toxic to affected
153. equired personal protective equipment PPE and related safety guidance The DOGS should coordinate with designated safety personnel during pre incident planning to ensure all dispersant related safety issues are adequately addressed in the Area s generic Site Safety Plan Region IV s Site Safety Plan Template for Dispersant Operations is included as attachment IV K for reference H Ensure Coordination of Monitoring and Observer Programs This placeholder is a reminder that in Region III dispersant application is not normally authorized until a dispersant effectiveness monitoring team 15 in position and ready to implement the prescribed monitoring protocol In addition the DOGS must coordinate a dispersant observers program The incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan must address these elements DOIP sections VII and VIII provide additional guidance IV 6 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan V MOBILIZE DISPERSANT RESOURCES Table V 1 Mobilization Checklist and Roadmap SE Sere DOIP Required Action Initial Responsibility 0 Page Dispersant Operations S Group Supervisor DOGS V 2 Arrange Availability of Resources d ids Pre Spill Planning Critical 2 Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment DOGS Logistics Section V 2 Designate Dispersant Operations Staging Area s Name Watch Quarter amp Station B
154. er Marshes O Freshwater Swamps O Sheltered Man made NA Structures Wave cut Clay Platforms O Sandy Banks O Shell Beaches or Banks O Sheltered Rip rap O Sheltered Tidal Flats NA Freshwater Marshes O Mangroves O Open Water Off shore Tidal Inlets and Water Intakes NA Bioremediation is not effective for the time frames of concern relative to the potential of transport of the oil to areas where it could affect more sensitive resources Thus bioremediation treatment is not advisable for these habitats or areas Small Ponds Lakes Rivers and Streams NA Not applicable for gasoline and light oils due to their rapid evaporation There is insufficient information on impacts and effectiveness for other oil types however there are special concerns about nutrient overloading in small restricted water bodies Solid Man Made Structures Exposed and Sheltered NA Oiling of exposed sea walls usually occurs as a band at the high tide line This type of oiling is not amenable to bioremediation because of difficulty of application and low effectiveness Exposed Scarps in Clay and Wave Cut Clay Platforms Because of their erosional nature removal of lightly oiled sediments may not be recommended on these habitats Bioremediation may be an option whereby the oil could be treated in place Fine grained Sand Beaches or Sandy Banks On outer beaches with low recreational use bioremediation be o
155. er and air temperature less than 100 degrees F exposure suits shall be worn by personnel working traveling in small boats or aircraft over water LI uv Light Exposure Sunscreens of protection factor 15 or greater and UV tinted safety glasses shall be made available for response personnel as needed Helicopter Operations See attachment 2 G PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PPE See attachment 4 for level D and C ensembles H DECONTAMINATION PROCEDURES All contaminated items shall either be decontaminated or disposed off appropriately Attachment IV K 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan J EMERGENCY PROCEDURES 1 Emergency Medical Procedures Contact medical personnel for any event beyond your capacity to help Do not attempt to move seriously injured personnel due to risk of further injury Call for medical evacuation closest hospital for regular emergencies is Phone Closest hospital for chemical exposure emergencies Phone Contact ATSDR 404 639 0615 24 hr 2 Emergency Fire Procedures f you discover a fire onboard a vessel immediately notify whomever is in charge Begin fighting the fire with the nearest extinguisher Be careful not to let yourself get in a position where you have no means of escape Turn over the fire fighting to someone better trained if you re not and help them by supplying extinguishers or other fire fighting equipment
156. er on how to get out during an emergency landing Make sure you know how to operate the emergency exits Absolutely no smoking C Wear all the survival gear you plan to take with you What s on you is what you will have should you need to get out in a hurry Bl If you deploy equipment during the flight throw it down and under the belly of the helicopter Relax and enjoy the flight COMMUNICATION When communicating with the pilot or crew member LI Keep non essential communications to a minimum You may be blocking an important call When you speak be concise and to the point 51 Stop talking if your aircraft was called LI Notify the crew if you hear or see something that they may not be aware of Incoming call or another aircraft approaching EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Contrary to popular beliefs helicopters are safe aircraft and accidents are rare Helicopters can land safely using one engine and in the rare occasion of complete power loss an experienced pilot will land the helicopter with minimum damage using auto rotation Nevertheless you need to be prepared for an emergency In case of emergency landing Remove your glasses they may shatter and injure your eyes and objects from your mouth Disconnect microphone cord Attachment IV K 11 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Assume the ditching position After landing release the seat belt open exit wai
157. erage readings TW A Note that while instantaneous readings varied widely the TWA remained relatively constant throughout the burn The TWA provides an indication of the concentration trends which is a more stable and reliable indicator of exposure to particulates Concentration 200 LOC Pre burn background Post burn background Data points Figure 1 Graph of instantaneous and TWA particulate concentrations 52 This page intentionally left blank WORKING DRAFT 6 00 APPENDICES 1 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 2 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING Between U S Coast Guard District 5 USCG and U S Environmental Protection Agency Region III EPA and U S Department of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration DOC NOAA and U S Department of the Interior DOI and State of Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control DE DNREC and State of Maryland Department of the Environment MDE and Commonwealth of Virginia Secretary of Natural Resources VASNR PURPOSE This Memorandum of Understanding MOU complies with Section 4202 a of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 OPA 90 which states in part that the Area Contingency Plan shall describe the procedures to be followed for obtaining an expedited decision regarding the use of dispersants in responding to oil discharges This MOU also provides procedures for obtaining an expe
158. erature F Pour Point Sulfur Content X D Dispersibility of Released Oil Specific Fresh Oil Dispersibility See Reference D General Dispersibility Relative to API Gravity See Reference E Emulsification See Reference F Caution The ability of the ADIOS model to predict viscosity is very unreliable for the great majority of oils in the ADIOS database because of the lack of data on emulsification E Type of Release Instantaneous Continuous e Intermittent Other Attachment 11 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENT II A CONT F Release Location Latitude Longitude G Amount released Gal Bbls H Is there a pre approval plan Yes See Reference A for applicable plan 1 On Scene Weather Winds From Q mph Visibility statute miles t Ceiling feet 1 fog rain etc J Water depth release location Depth meters K CAN DISPERSANTS BE USED YES pre approval situation NO not appropriate feasible MAYBE case by case approval required SHOULD WE USE DISPERSANTS Attachment II A 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENT II B DISPERSANT USE DECISION IMPLEMENTATION ELEMENT CHECKLIST Completed by Note Need all YES answers before dispersant use 1s acceptable DECISION ELEMENT LI LI 1 Is the spil
159. essary Record the final reading on page 6 3 11 3 Instrument Calibration and Check 3 11 3 1 Setting Standard Concentration to 300 RAW From the Home screen press ENT 2 for calibration screen 2 for standard concentration Enter 300 ENT then press lt ESC gt Return to the Home screen 3 11 3 2 Setting Zero At the Home screen inject 180 ml of de ionized water by syringe into the cell drain then refill and record readings From Home press ENT 2 1 1 If the blank 9o is less than 200 wait for the lower left LCD readout TC s to reach 8 then press 0 and wait 15 seconds then press lt ESC gt to save the changes Note If any key other than lt ESC gt is pressed first the reading will be aborted f blank 96 is greater than 200 drain water flush the cell with an unopened bottle of de ionized water recheck If the value still remains above 200 the cell must be cleaned See section 7 for cleaning Drain all of the water from the cell Return to the Home screen 3 11 3 3 Fluorometer One Point Calibration After the instrument is zeroed inject 180 ml the fluorescein standard at 90 ppb into the cell to flush and fill it At the Home screen allow the reading to stabilize then press ENT 2 3 The screen should appear as RANGE HIGH MEDIUM LOW FS RAW 1000 TC 8 s Range High Span 4896 Press lt gt after reading is s
160. evised and improved based on lessons learned from the field advances in technology and developments in techniques 7 SMART should not be construed as a regulatory requirement It is an option available for the Unified Command to assist in decision making While every effort should be made to implement SMART or parts of it in a timely manner in situ burning or dispersant application should not be delayed to allow the deployment of the SMART teams 8 SMART is not intended to supplant private efforts in monitoring response technologies but is written for adoption and adaptation by any private or public agency Furthermore users may choose to tailor the modules to specific regional needs While currently addressing monitoring for in situ burning and dispersant operations SMART will be expanded to include monitoring guidelines for other response technologies 9 Itis important that the Unified Command agree on the monitoring objectives and goals early on in an incident This decision like all others should be documented B Organization The SMART document is arranged in modules Each module is self sustaining and addresses monitoring of a single response technology The modules are divided into three sections Section 1 Background Information provides a brief overview of the response technology being monitored defines the primary purpose for monitoring and discusses monitoring assumptions Section 2 Monitoring Procedures provide ge
161. f fluorometers on board vessels to sample the dispersed oil Effectiveness monitoring is concerned primarily with determining whether the dispersant was properly applied and how the dispersant is affecting the oil This information is of interest to the OSC and any potential RPs to ensure the process is being effective before pursuing the venture further The goal is to find a dispersant combination type and application rate that disperses the maximum amount of oil and minimizes environmental impact An objective is to insure that the dispersant is responsibly applied to the target correct rate minimal overspray Once applied if the dispersant appears to be working the questions shift to the merits of a second or subsequent application While being fiscally responsible the focus should be on the environmental benefits versus consequences of additional dispersant being added to the water With lower toxicity of the dispersants available it is almost always prudent to reapply dispersants if they are judged to be properly dispersing the oil Effectiveness monitoring results are passed as prearranged either through the Dispersant Operation Group Supervisor or directly to the Scientific Support Coordinator and the Federal On Scene Coordinator D The specific duties of the Monitoring Aircraft Vessel and Monitor are as follows Oooo ooo Monitors dispersant effectiveness through fluorometry Ensures fluorometry data is made available to the
162. f the Spill LAT LONG Amount Type of Oil Spilled Dispersant OBSERVATIONS what immediately happened when the dispersant contacted the spill After 2 Hours After 6 Hours After 24 Hours if applicable Submerged cloud observed Yes No Number of Passes Sortie 1 2 3 Total Did any oil resurface Yes No ETE TESI Effects On Floating Oil Biota Sea Color Wave Pattern or Other Physical Features LI Extent of Application Acres of Oil Sprayed LI Approximate Percent of Overspray Attachment VII A 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan PHOTOGRAPHY Color photos taken Yes No Written notes made for photos Yes No E If videotape of the operation is taken obtain a copy LI If AIREYE and or HIRR IR is used obtain a copy of the film tape or digital imagery LI Monitoring Team Leader reports data to the Scientific Support Coordinator after each sortie THE ABOVE INFORMATION SHOULD BE FILLED OUT FOR EACH SORTIE MONITORING TEAM LEADER ALSO COMPLETES DEBRIEF SECTION OF THE PREVIOUS FORM DISPERSANT GROUP PERSONNEL SHOULD PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO DISPERSANT OPERATION GROUP SUPERVISOR Attachment VII A 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT EFFECTIVENESS MONITORING WATERBORNE CHECKLIST Completed by Dispersant Op Monitoring Team GENERAL Incident Name Ves
163. f used and the availability of the resources necessary to conduct the application and monitoring recommended for the agent s proposed for use in each affected habitat The latter two considerations are highly dependent on the first Scale of Bioremediation Response The first step in assessing the logistical feasibility of bioremediation is to determine the scale of the bioremediation response The scale of the bioremediation response refers to the extent to which bioremediation will be involved in the cleanup particularly in terms of the size of the area The scale of the bioremediation response effort will determine the amount of agent s if any the number of personnel and the equipment resources necessary to complete the chosen treatment technique and monitoring of the bioremediation response effort 10 Agent Availability Once the proposed scale of the bioremediation response activity has been determined and agent alternatives have been identified the availability of these agents for use at the spill location should be assessed If an agent is not available in quantities necessary to complete the bioremediation response activities the scale of the bioremediation response should be reevaluated a different bioremediation technique should be considered or bioremediation should be eliminated as a response alternative Application and Monitoring Resources Several application methods are generally available for bioremediation ag
164. for ISB monitoring 3 4 ISB Monitoring Job Aid Checklist A checklist to assist in assembling and deploying SMART ISB monitoring teams 3 5 ISB Monitoring Equipment List A list of equipment needed to perform SMART operations 3 6 ISB Monitoring DataRAM Setup Abbreviated instructions for the rapid setup of a DataRAM particulate monitor 3 7 ISB Monitoring Recorder Sheet A template for manual recording of burn data 3 8 ISB Monitoring Possible Locations An example of monitoring locations for offshore ISB operations ISB Monitoring Data Sample Graph An example of real ISB data 40 SMART ISB Module Attachment 1 v 1 2000 3 1 Roles and Responsibilities 3 1 1 Team Leader The Team Leader Selects specific team location Conducts monitoring Ensures health and safety of team Ensures monitoring QA QC Establishes communication with the group supervisor Conveys to him her monitoring data as needed 3 1 2 Monitoring Group Supervisor The Group Supervisor Oversees the deployment of the teams in the group Ensures safe operation of the teams Ensures QA QC of monitoring and data Establishes communication with the field teams and the command post Conveys to the command post particulate level trends as needed Addresses monitoring technical and operational problems if encountered 3 1 3 In Situ Burn Technical Specialist The Technical Specialist or his her representative Establishes communication with the Monitoring Group Supervisor Receives the d
165. g pumping spray systems or by boat They are usually applied in small droplets and in lower volumes than the oil being treated 1 3 Monitoring Dispersant Application When dispersants are used during spill response the Unified Command needs to know whether the operation is effective in dispersing the oil The SMART dispersant monitoring module is designed to provide the Unified Command with real time feedback on the efficacy of dispersant application Data collected in Tier III of the SMART dispersant protocol may be useful for evaluating the dilution and transport of the dispersed oil SMART does not monitor the fate effects or impacts of dispersed oil Dispersant operations and the need to monitor them vary greatly Therefore SMART recommends three levels or tiers of monitoring 1 Tier employs the simplest operation visual monitoring 2 Tier II combines visual monitoring with on site water column monitoring teams that use fluorometry at a single depth with water sample collection for later analysis 3 Tier III expands fluorometry monitoring to several water depths may use a portable water laboratory and calls for additional water samples for lab analysis SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 2 MONITORING PROCEDURES 2 1 Tier 1 Visual Observations Tier I recommends visual observation by a trained observer A trained observer using visual aids can provide a general qualitative assessment of dispersant effectiveness Use of
166. g may be canceled in whole or in part by any of the participating agencies Cancellation will take place 30 days following delivery of written notification to each of the agencies participating in this Memorandum of Understanding 5 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU SIGNATURES Mr Dennis Carney Date Chief Removal Branch U S Environmental Protection Agency Region III RRT III Co Chair Captain Anthony Regalbuto Date Chief Marine Safety Division Fifth Coast Guard District RRT III Co Chair Captain John E Veentjer Date Captain of the Port USCG MSO Philadelphia Fifth Coast Guard District Captain Dennis A Sande Date Captain of the Port USCG MSO Hampton Roads Fifth Coast Guard District Don Henne Date Representative for RRT III U S Department of the Interior Commander Gerald Wheaton Date Representative RRT III U S Department of Commerce Christoph A G Tulou Date Secretary Department of Natural Resources amp Environmental Control 6 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU State of Delaware Jane T Nishida Date Secretary Department of the Environment State of Maryland Becky Norton Dunlop Date Secretary of Natural Resources Commonwealth of Virginia LIST OF ANNEXES AND FIGURES ANNEX I Preauthorization Zones and Zone SpecificConditions FIGURE I Chemical Countermeasure Preauthorization Zones ANNEX II Critical Decision Making Data ANNEX III Trial Use Policy ANNEX IV Dispersant
167. guides such as the NOAA Dispersant Application Observer Job Aid is recommended for consistency Observations should be photographed and videotaped to help communicate them to the Unified Command and to better document the data for future use When available visual monitoring may be enhanced by advanced sensing instruments such as infrared thermal imaging These and other devices can provide a higher degree of sensitivity in determining dispersant effectiveness Visual monitoring is relatively simple and readily done However visual observations do not always provide confirmation that the oil is dispersed Tier II provides a near real time method using fluorometry and water sampling 2 2 Tier Il Fluorometry for Efficacy Sometimes dispersant operations effectiveness is difficult to determine by visual observation alone To confirm the visual observations a monitoring team may be deployed to the dispersant application area to confirm the visual observations by using real time monitoring and water sampling This is called Tier II monitoring Tier II monitoring uses a continuous flow fluorometer Turner Designs or equivalent at an approximately l meter sampling depth The fluorometer measures the concentrations of hydrocarbons in the water column It measures all hydrocarbons and is therefore not oil specific It can be used however to show the relative increase of hydrocarbons over background concentrations This can be a good indication of
168. gulatory approvals that may be required Certify whether the agent contains pathogenic carcinogenic or hazardous substances or microorganisms normally considered unacceptable for release into the environment and amp Information needed from the agent vendor to perform this initial screening includes the agent s exact chemical and biological makeup as well as formulation characteristics and proof of the agent s listing on the NCP Product Schedule 32 Tier Feasibility Assessment Additional vendor information on a bioremediation agent should be collected to support an assessment of whether use of the agent is feasible The objectives of this tier and assessment are to obtain an understanding of a vendor s capabilities an agent s availability contents and proposed method of use and an agent s history of use where applicable Agent information needed from the vendor to perform this assessment includes the following Application rates and methods Mode of biodegradation and calculated efficiency History of use at previous cleanups Chemical properties fate and persistence and potential toxicity or bioaccumulation for humans mammals and birds based on a review of published literature and chemical databases Acute or chronic toxicity to one marine or freshwater fish and invertebrate species selected from US EPA s Effluent Monitoring Program and where available Effectiveness in enhancing biodegr
169. habitats The supporting biomonitoring program must be designed to accommodate inherent differences which are present in each habitat Thus each discrete habitat within an application area may require its own monitoring program Monitoring Activities Biomonitoring plans should ensure that observations and samples be collected and analyzed from the following areas within each discrete habitat s Untreated areas 1 uncontaminated untreated source areas this will serve as background information and may not require the same intensity of sampling as the other areas 2 contaminated untreated source areas and 17 Treated area 3 contaminated treated areas In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the bioremediation treatment technique the biomonitoring plan should provide for the comparison of replicate data from treated and untreated areas for the duration of a project Within each discrete habitat which is a part of the bio application project treated and untreated sites that exhibit similar chemical and physical characteristics should be chosen Their similarity will support the comparability of the data generated During their selection the following criteria should be considered 1 environmental parameters 2 physical habitat and geomorphology and 3 oil loading and the probability of further oiling Site variability should be limited as much as possible in order to generate data which is comparable Other physical vari
170. he spilled oil and the dispersant applied After this time the weathered oil will generally not be dispersible Due to this narrow window of opportunity it is critical that dispersant use decisions resource mobilization incident specific planning and other dispersant response elements take place as soon as possible following initial spill notification The present limited distribution of available dispersant and application equipment stocks will compound the problem of rapid implementation in most areas In some cases it may be necessary for the various phases of implementation see page ii to occur concurrently rather than in their logical sequence in order to apply dispersant within the effectiveness window For example for a major spill the FOSC UC may decide to mobilize available dispersant resources based on an initial assessment prior to working through all the applicability and iii WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan approval paperwork Dispersant cannot be applied without appropriate approvals The pre assignment of responsibility at the ACP level for each of the phases of dispersant operations implementation see page ii and early notification of these personnel are considered key elements of this DOIP In addition FOSC designation and training of a suitable Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor responsible for both dispersant planning and operations is highly recommended This D
171. helicopter lands signal to the pilot which sits on the right hand side your intention to board Point to yourself then to the helicopter and give a thumbs up signal If the pilot approves he will return the thumbs up signal If not he will give you the thumbs down or simply wave you away LI Approach the helicopter from the front preferably at an angle from the right hand side see diagram This way you will be visible to the pilot If this is not possible come from the front and left NEVER EVER APPROACH THE HELICOPTER FROM THE BACK The tail rotor is low spins very fast and can t always be seen very well People lost their lives not following this simple safety procedure If you need to change sides walk around the front LI Pay attention to the terrain and approach the helicopter from the downhill side This will allow for more clearance between your head and the main rotor Attachment IV K 10 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan If the pilot turned the power off wait until the rotors stop moving Just before they stop the rotors lose momentum and the blades dip closer to the ground WHILE IN FLIGHT Some safety tips As you would do in a car sit down and fasten your seat belt If you sit on the floor and or plan to hang out near the open door wear the gunner s belt and make sure it is securely fastened LI Listen attentively to the briefing by the pilot or crewmemb
172. ho pay for the maintenance of this capability through membership agreements or contracts The FOSC and plan holders who do not have such agreements or contracts in place may not have ready access to these currently limited dispersant resources when needed Therefore rapid mobilization of necessary dispersant resources may not be possible without pre spill planning and preparation in this area The FOSC Area Committee should contact prospective resource providers to investigate and ensure mechanisms of direct FOSC access to all resources to be listed in their customized DOIP Notification List C Designate Dispersant Operations Staging Areas Dispersant staging areas may be designated Ad Hoc when a spill occurs but dispersant operations will normally be more efficiently initiated when the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor and the Area Planning Committee has addressed this issue and pre designated one or more suitable dispersant staging areas for each high risk spill site or scenario identified in the Area Plan In any case when a spill occurs and the decision has been made to mobilize dispersant resources the resource providers must be advised where to send the resources The designated staging areas will normally be at or adjacent to the airports or seaports from which dispersant operations will be conducted Service providers should be consulted in the area planning process or during response to determine support requirements such as fue
173. hone Number Transit Speed Location Fax Number Po Call Sign Loading Ability Platform Type Location Airstrip Pier Space Transit Speed POC POC Application Speed Phone Number Phone Number Swath Fax Number Fax Number Coverage Rate System Pump Rate Monitor Platform Staging Area Dispersant Payload Platform Type Name Oil Treatable DOR 1 20 Transit Speed Location Call Sign Call Sign Loading Ability Location Location Airstrip Pier Space POC POC POC Phone Number Phone Number Phone Number Fax Number Fax Number Fax Number Attachment IV B 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill DISPERSANT APPLICATION PLATFORM CAPABILITY DECISION MATRIX Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Approximate Operational PP Coverage Sortie Coverage Sortie Coverage Sortie Maximum A Niche Transit Operational NONU Payload Min Max Operational Speed Speed Limitation Platform Doane 5 gal acre 10 gal acre Max gal acre Time Consider Gallons Dosage Dosage Dosage ations a Acres Acres Acres Hours Knots Bell 212 with Bucket 300 0 8 21 5 60 30 14 1 7 40 90 40 90 er C130 with ADDS 5000 1 4 16 4 1000 500 305 12 200 300 140 150 2 C130 with MASS 2000 2 6 19 4 400 200 103 12 300 140 200 3 DC 4 2170 0 8 10 3 434 217 211 4 5 175 156 175 4 DC 6B 3000 4 3 19 8 600 300 152 5 5 130 225 130 225 5 Thrush 510 102 51 4 5 125
174. hore Birds 3 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST Raptors 8 Fish Natural Areas list and note if Class 1 airshed 1l National Park 2 National Wildlife Refuge 3 National Marine Sanctuary 4 State Park 5 State Wildlife Area 6 Other Natural Areas Native American interests present Yes No Unknown 0 Bureau of Indian Affairs contact Name Agency Address Phone Historic Cultural and Archeological Resources ___ Unknown Not Present Present if so contact State Historic Preservation Office SHPO Name Agency Address Phone EQUIPMENT amp PERSONNEL ON WATER BURNING A Vessels fire boom residue containment equipment available Yes No Vessels equipped with appropriate fire fighting gear Yes No Aircraft s for ignition and aerial observation available Yes No Flight requirements daylight hours visibility gt 1 mile ceiling 2500 feet FAA certified for helitorch Ignition system 1 Available Yes No 2 Type method to be used 3 Burn Promoters Yes No Personnel properly trained equipped with safety gear amp covered by site safety plan Yes No Communications system available to communicate with aircraft vessels and control base available and working Yes No EQUIPMENT amp PERSONNEL ON LAND BURNING A Has the burn area been isolated e g by fire breaks Yes No Is there a site security plan for k
175. ian Affairs contact Name Address Phone H Surface water intakes and wells public and private A Yes I Habitat Type s Impacted Southern cordgrass prairie O Wetlands O Estuarine Lacustrine Riverine Palustrine L Palmetto prairie El Agricultural ecify p d O Cypress savanna Yes J Seasonal concerns Comments 20 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT K Biological Resources Present Describe significant issues such as large concentrations breeding activities rookeries designated critical habitat etc O T amp E Species including plants list O Mammals LIWaterfowl O Wading Birds L Diving Birds Shore Birds L Raptors Fish L Reptiles Amphibians L Other L Natugal Areas list National Park O State Wildlife O Other Natural Comments 2 M Historic Cultural and Arch amp ological Re OUTCES se O Unknown O Not Present O Present 21 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT Equipment amp Personnel A Has the burn area been isolated e g by fire breaks Yes No Is there a site safety plan in place Yes No Have local fire and police departments been notified Yes B Are the appropriate fire fighting gear and personnel on scene _ Yes C Is aircraft for ig
176. iculate concentrations averaged over one hour exceeding 150 ug m3 Yes No Ir NO BURNING IS ACCEPTABLE PROCEED TO STEP 4 IF YES CONTINUE WITH B Can the impacted population be temporarily relocated prior to burning Yes No 6 6 30 00 REGION III ISB EVALUATION amp RESPONSE CHECKLIST IF YES INITIATE WARNING OR EVACUATION AND AUTHORIZE BURNING AFTER POPULATION IS PROTECTED PROCEED TO STEP 4 IF NO DO NOT AUTHORIZE BURNING STEP 4 CONTROLS amp CONDITIONS OPERATIONAL CONTROLS REQUIRED FOR ALL BURNS A Forecasted weather winds and atmospheric stability class obtained Yes No B Trial burn conducted observed and anticipated smoke plume behavior confirmed Yes No C Safe downwind distance validated or expanded 1f winds are inconsistent with anticipated forecast Yes No D Burn extinguishing measures in place and available Yes No PUBLIC NOTIFICATIONS A Level 1 public notification e g radio broadcast to public safety zone broadcast to mariners road closure etc implemented Yes No B Provisions to initiate Level 2 3 or 4 warnings instructions available if appropriate Yes No UNIFIED COMMAND DECISION REGARDING IN SITU BURNING Steps One through Four Completed Time and Date A 22 Do not conduct in situ burn B ____ In situ burning may be conducted in limited or selected areas see attached chart 222 Insitu burning may be conducted as requested Step 3 Signature of Federa
177. ience with bioremediation and revise the plan as appropriate Recommendations for revisions should be submitted to the Region 4 RRT for approval Upon approval by the RRT revisions should be incorporated into the Region 4 RCP and other local plans as appropriate APPLICABLE REGULATIONS Legislation at both the federal and state level may affect decisions to use bioremediation Existing regulations and policies that govern the use of bioremediation agents in response to spills in Region 4 are summarized in Appendix A ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES This section discusses issues relevant to managing the response to a spill with particular emphasis to managing bioremediation activities On Scene Coordinator OSC As per 40 CFR Section 300 120 USCG and EPA provide pre designated OSCs that have overall responsibility for oil spill responses in the coastal and inland zones respectively When considering or actually using bioremediation as a response tool the OSC shall be responsible for ensuring that the requirements set forth in this plan are properly followed and implemented This includes notification planning documentation and monitoring of all bioremediation activities Thus the OSC in conjunction with his her contractors or a responsible party will be directly involved in the cleanup effort Federal Agencies US Environmental Protection Agency EPA with their extensive technical expertise in bioremediation may lend themselves to the
178. ific issues are outlined in the section Feasibility Assessment Criteria Bioremediation Use Authorization Form A Bioremediation Use Authorization Form that specifies the minimum information requirements necessary to support decisions regarding the use of bioremediation is included in Appendix B of this plan The form requests details of the spill incident bioremediation details bioremediation Work plan and monitoring plan Once the form has been completed it should provide pertinent information needed to make a decision regarding the use of bioremediation A completed authorization form should be transmitted to the RRT for the required authorization to proceed with bioremediation treatment The RRT shall approve or disapprove the use of bioremediation within 24 hours of receiving a completed form from an OSC DIAGRAM 1 DECISION TREE FOR CONSIDERATION BIOREMEDIATION Identify Spilled Pollutant Is pollutant amenable to bioremediation Could impacted areas accommodate active bioremediation agent application agent must be on NCP Product Schedule p Consider Alternative Method Consider Alternative Method Infrastructure in place to perform amp or monitor Do regulations permit use of bioremediation AND do hydrodynamics of spill area allow for an effective use of bioremediation Is an alternate bioremediation method available Consider Alternative Method Implement guidelines for use of bioremedia
179. il shall be the physical removal of the oil from the environment These agencies recognize that in certain instances timely effective physical containment collection and removal of the oil may not be possible and the utilization of chemical countermeasures alone or in conjunction with mechanical removal methods may be considered as a means to minimize substantial threat to public health or welfare or minimize serious environmental damage This MOU establishes criteria under which chemical countermeasures listed on the NCP Product Schedule may be used in waters of the COTP HR and COTP PHI zones No biological agents will be used as a primary response measure The conditions of this MOU are applicable to all aspects of countermeasure use within waters under the jurisdiction of the COTP HR and COTP PHI zones See Figure 1 Four distinct Zones and their associated zone specific conditions which determine the nature of chemical countermeasure use in each Zone are identified in Annex I Zone specific conditions apply only to spills of 50 barrels or less except in Zone 1 where specific conditions apply to spills of any size PROTOCOLS This MOU has been prepared based upon guidelines provided in Subpart J and Annex XI DEEP to the Region III RCP Consistent with those documents the FOSC shall Satisfy general conditions in this protocols section and Satisfy zone specific conditions in Annex I as part of any decision to use dispersant
180. il types can form stable emulsions little substrate penetration can be highly adhesive higher molecular weight and fewer number of straight chained hydrocarbons makes bioremediation less effective than on medium oils Group V Very Heavy Residual Products very similar to all properties of Group IV oils except that the specific gravity of the oil is greater than 1 0 API gravity less than 10 Thus the oil has greater potential to sink when spilled Characteristics of Affected Habitats After evaluating the spilled oil s susceptibility to biodegradation the habitats impacted by the spilled contaminant and the background level of nutrients in the impacted area should be identified and characterized For each of the following habitats the recommended approach is provided O for Optional NA for Not Advisable NOTE NA does not preclude the OSC from conducting a Pilot Test to determine the effectiveness of bioremediation in an area The harmful effects of the oil must be balanced against the potential effects of bioremediation The listed habitats are appropriate for marine estuarine and riverine settings Open Water NA Tidal Inlets NA Small Lakes Ponds NA Off shore Waters NA Water Intakes NA Small Rivers Streams NA Exposed Man made Structures NA Exposed Scarps in Clay O Fine grained Sand Beaches O Mixed Sand and Shell Beaches O Exposed Rip rap O Exposed Tidal Flats NA Salt to Brackish wat
181. ility Name Number of people onboard onsite Location Type of Vessel Facility Contact Agent Phone Owner Phone Operator Charterer Phone VESSEL SPECIFIC INFORMATION Last Port of Call Destination Flag Particulars Length Ft Draft Fwd Year Built Type of Hull Hull Material Type of Propulsion Petroleum Products Onboard Type of Cargo Total Number of Tanks on Vessel Total Quantity Barrels x 42 allon Total Capacity Barrels Type of Fuel Quantity on Board Barrels INCIDENT INFORMATION Location Lat Long Type of Casualty Number of Tanks Impacted Total Capacity of Affected Tanks Material s Spilled Viscosity Estimated Quantity Spilled Classification Source Secured If Not Estimated Spill Rate Notes INCIDENT STATUS Injuries Casualties SAR Underway Vessel Status Set and Drift Estimated Time to Dock Anchor Estimated Time of Arrival Vessel holed Approximate Size of Hole Vesselon fire Fire assistance Vessel flooding Floo ding assistance List Degrees Trim ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION D Low Tide at Hours Notification Info 8 96 Prepared By Date Time Prepared l 5 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations This Page Intentionally Left Blank 6 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE I 3 NOTIFICATIONS Note The following notifications are specific to dispersant operations It is assumed
182. ill Assignment ACP Page Per ACP FOSC Direction 2 Authorize Direct Mobilization Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page Logistics Section V 3 Arrange Transportation amp Logistic Support Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page V Mobilization Table of Contents Page GRO GUICHION ven CO doth tet mte s V 1 Arrange Availability of Resources essere enne nennen enne V 2 C Designate Dispersant Operations Staging Areas V 2 D Authorize 7 Direct Mobilization ER V 2 E Arrange Transportation amp Logistic Support sess V 3 A Introduction The decision to mobilize dispersant resources particularly expensive commercial resources is a difficult decision left to the FOSC Unified Command The importance of an early mobilization decision to meet the brief dispersant effectiveness window is countered by the need for an accurate initial incident assessment dispersant applicability assessment and the required dispersant approval process But the FOSC Unified Command may mobilize dispersant resources prior to dispersant use approval 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan B Arrange Availability of Resources Most dispersant stockpiles and standby dispersant service providers are in place to support certain oil and shipping industry clients w
183. ing information on the USCG NOAA ICS Incident Notification form Incident Info 8 96 Table I 2 below Most of the information to be documented on this form will not be available upon initial notification but as a living document it provides a good tool for seeking out and recording additional key information as it becomes available When established the Situation Unit in the Planning Section will inherit the Incident Information form from the duty section and will continue to update it with current information which can then be provided by status board or electronic transfer throughout the response organization The Incident Information form can be attached to other working documents requiring contained data to minimize data entry requirements on additional forms Notifications Table for Dispersant Operations Contacts Table 1 3 below Purpose To provide the earliest possible notification of all personnel parties who could potentially be involved in dispersant operations to document all calls made date time caller action initiated and to provide a complete contacts list for possible follow up calls Preparation During a response this table is to be filled out by the FOSC s duty section or by other personnel as locally assigned and indicated herein In the planning process the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor or other FOSC designee should customize the notification form as noted above Designated callers must be ins
184. ing microbes to the affected area thereby increasing the oil degrading population to a level where the spilled oil will be used as a primary source of food for energy Microbial agents are designed to enhance the biodegradation of oil at any location and would be most useful in areas where the population of indigenous oil degraders is small Nutrients agents containing nitrogen and or phosphorous as the primary means to enhance the rate of growth of indigenous oil degrading microorganisms This type of agent is intended to increase the oil degrading biomass already present in an affected area to a level where the oil will be used as a primary source of food or energy Because the natural environment may not have sufficient nutrients to encourage bacterial metabolism and growth extra nutrients may be required The purpose of this type of agent therefore is to provide the nutrients necessary to maintain or increase microbial activity and the natural biodegradation rate of spilled oil This type of product has been used in Prince William Sound Alaska and Pall s Island New Jersey to reduce the amount of oil on contaminated beaches For information on uses in Alaska refer to Pritchard and Costa s article entitled EPA s Alaska Oil Spill Bioremediation Project in Environmental Science amp Technology Vol 25 3 1991 and the article by Chianelli et al entitled Bioremediation Technology Development and Application to the Alaskan Spill in Proc
185. ing pages has been provided to guide information collection efforts in support of this program A separate form should be completed for each unique bioremediation activity Because certain information may not have been anticipated when the form was developed feel free to provide any other information deemed appropriate regarding the use of bioremediation in a particular response action BIOREMEDIATION USE FOLLOW UP FORM A SPILL INFORMATION Spill event Date Location e g offshore wetlands coastal Product s spilled Amount of spill Reason s for using bioremediation Age of oil when bioremediation agents applied POU MT Se a c 38 B BIOREMEDIATION AGENT INFORMATION 1 First Treatment or Application Type of agent applied e g nutrient microbial enzyme Name of agent Agent listed on the NCP Product Schedule Vendor Vendor address and phone number Rate effectiveness compared to control site on a scale of 1 to 10 10 being the highest score Visual observation Oil chemistry Method used e g GC GC MS TPH 7oocoop 2 Second Treatment or Application complete if different from above a Type of agent applied e g nutrient microbial enzyme b Name of agent C Agent listed on the NCP Product Schedule d Vendor e Vendor address and phone number f Rate effectiveness compared to control site on a scale of 1 to 10 10 being the highest score Visual observation Oil chemistry Method used e g
186. ion agents could be used for evaluating limited field scale demonstrations of agents Agent Selection Due to a lack of specific bioremediation agent research and agent testing standards the selection of a bioremediation agent that will enhance the rate of oil biodegradation must be based on best professional judgment For most of the bioremediation agents currently on the NCP Product Schedule there are only limited comparative data by which to measure their relative efficacy and safety Some of the agents have been tested by EPA according to the procedure described above however these agents are not necessarily better than ones that have not been tested by these methods Therefore agent selection will remain largely a subjective process until a larger and more complete database of standard test data on agents can be assembled To the extent possible the selection of bioremediation agents for potential use in oil spill cleanup against specific oils or petroleum products should take place in anticipation of an oil discharge when time is not a critical factor For areas where the potential for an accidental spill is high or where there has been a high frequency of spills assuming the use of bioremediation agents is allowed in these areas specific plans should be developed that outline the most likely petroleum products to be spilled and the alternative bioremediation agents that could be used to perform cleanup of those products in these areas
187. ions Each team uses a real time particulate monitor such as the DataRAM capable of detecting the small particulates emitted by the burn ten microns in diameter or smaller a global positioning system and other equipment required for collecting and documenting the data Each monitoring instrument provides an instantaneous particulate concentration as well as the time weighted average over the duration of the data collection The readings are displayed on the instrument s screen and stored in its data logger In addition particulate concentrations are logged manually every few minutes by the monitoring team in the recorder data log 37 SMART ISB Module v 1 2000 The monitoring teams are deployed at designated areas of concern to determine ambient concentrations of particulates before the burn starts During the burn sampling continues and readings are recorded both in the data logger of the instrument and manually in the recorder data log After the burn has ended and the smoke plume has dissipated the teams remain in place for some time 15 30 minutes and again sample for and record ambient particulate concentrations During the course of the sampling it is expected that the instantaneous readings will vary widely However the calculated time weighted average readings are less variable since they represent the average of the readings collected over the sampling duration and hence are a better indicator of particulate concentration trend
188. ions that may be required for Federal Unified Command response including those notifications required for timely and effective dispersant operations Due to the limited time window of opportunity for dispersant operations and the current limited distribution and availability of dispersant resources this DOIP encourages early notification of all potentially involved parties by FOSC duty personnel prior to potential mobilization of the FOSC s response staff Some of these initial duty section calls will require mobilization or activation e g calls to the SSC and the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS and others will simply be heads up calls signifying potential activation e g calls to designated dispersant and application equipment suppliers Such calls allow potential responders to prepare for subsequent activation and allow early documentation of their availability status Duty notification personnel must clearly communicate the intent of such heads up calls Follow up calls by designated operations or logistics personnel using the notification list annotated by the duty section can provide situation updates and communicate go no go mobilization decisions 1 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Area Committees and or FOSC staffs are encouraged to customize the DOIP notification list with respect to which calls are required and which are heads up calls and to indicate who
189. ioremediation is a technology that offers great promise in converting the toxigenic compounds to nontoxic products without further disruption to the local environment When microorganisms break down petroleum hydrocarbons the first step usually is addition of a hydroxyl group to the end of an alkane chain or onto an unsaturated ring of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon PAH forming an alcohol Progressive oxidation to an aldehyde and then a carboxylic acid leads to chain length reduction and eventually to production of carbon dioxide water and biomass In the case of the PAH ring fission takes place again leading eventually to mineralization As oxygen is added to hydrocarbons the compounds become more polar and thus more water soluble These compounds are usually more easily biodegradable and thus less toxic Although the more polar compounds are more likely to enter the water column as biodegradation ensues they are unlikely to cause environmental damage or toxic effects to nearby biota Furthermore the amount of dilution available from the tidal waters is so great that the amounts of benign polar constituents entering the food chain are likely to be negligible Thus the effect of biochemical end products from the easily metabolizable compounds in oil will be insignificant in the environment REQUIREMENTS FOR SUCCESS Since the contaminants of concern in crude oil are readily biodegradable under appropriate conditions the success
190. is responsible for which notifications and follow up actions Also area local resources must be added to the basic list provided and perhaps some contacts deleted The lists of commercial dispersant equipment and service providers indicated herein is intended as a sample or point of departure for further FOSC Area Committee planning and preparation Some of the resources listed may no longer be available and for others there may be limitations on their availability for contractual logistic or other reasons Mobilization requirements including contractual funding and logistics issues for all key dispersant resources to be listed in an ACP should be thoroughly investigated and resolved prior to inclusion in the ACP B Notification Information Each FOSC and Area Committee should address the initial flow of information concerning the spill event and provide guidance on its documentation The National Response Center will document and forward initial information called in by the Responsible Party RP The FOSC s duty section or other individual receiving the call should be prepared to document information received directly from the RP and may prompt the RP to provide as much additional key information as might be available at this early time in the spill event Each RP Plan Holder must have an initial notification form in its response plan but information documented will vary widely The FOSC s response organization is encouraged to document incom
191. ise safe loading transfer of the material procedures Since loading of dispersant applying aircraft may be done many miles away prudent safety management requires that this operations will be monitored by a safety supervisor at the loading site Attachment IV K 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Monitoring Monitoring may be conducted to evaluate the concentration of hazardous chemicals and to justify the level of PPE Refer to attachment 1 E GENERAL SITE SAFETY AND HEALTH PROCEDURES The following controls shall be observed check appropriate PFD personnel working in boats near water 10 feet or less shall wear Coast Guard approved personal flotation devices PFDs LI Buddy System Personnel must work within sight of a partner at all times Fires All vessels shall carry fully charged and operational fire extinguishers Heat Stress The site safety officer shall make heat stress determinations throughout the day If it is determined that a heat stress hazard exists an alert shall be passed to all teams Cold water or lightly sweetened drinks shall be available on all vessels and their drinking encouraged LJ Cold Stress Workers shall be provided with adequate warm clothing The Site Safety Officer shall make cold stress determinations throughout the day when temperatures fall below 50 degrees F For prolonged water temperatures below 59 degrees F or a combined wat
192. ish Appropriate Dispersant Response 7 IV 4 E Ensure Effective Radio Communications sess IV 5 F Identify Resource Requirements oe eae auct IV 5 G Ensure Dispersant Operations IV 6 Ensure Coordination of Monitoring and Observer Programs IV 6 Table IV 1 Dispersants Operations Plan Checklist and Roadmap IV 1 Attachments Aerial Coverage Rates for Selected Spill Attach IV A Region III Dispersant Application Operational Capability Form See Sample spreadsheet printout and disk Attach IV B Region IV Dispersant Application Platform Capability Matrix Attach IV C Region IV Dispersant Operation Plan Attach IV D Operational Planning Worksheet 1 8 215 Attach IV E Assignment List 168 204 3 cti mee n eiusm Attach IV F Region IV ICS Organization Chart for Dispersant Use Attach IV G Region IV ICS Dispersant Use Organization Relationships Attach IV H Incident Command Functional Checklists for Dispersants Use Attach IV I Dispersant Application Logistics and Support Checklist Attach
193. isor and group supervisor to the Technical Specialist Back to the base practice downloading the data 43 SMART ISB Module Attachment 3 v 1 2000 3 3 4 Refresher Training Monitoring and reporting Who where and when 30 45 min Level of concern What do the data mean Reporting the data Work with the Technical Specialist SSC Reading the data trouble shooting Using GPS Downloading data Field exercise Outside the classroom set up the instrument and measure 1 2 hours background readings Using a smoke source monitor particulate levels Basic instrument operation hands on How DataRAM works how 2 hours to operate it brief description of mechanism setup and calibration Practice recording the data and reporting it Back to the base download data 44 SMART ISB Module Attachment 4 v 1 2000 3 4 ISB Monitoring Job Aid Checklist This checklist is designed to assist SMART in situ burning monitoring by listing some of the tasks to accomplish before during and after the monitoring operations LEE RN Preparations Activate personnel SSIS TT monitoring personnel and the Technical Specialist SSC where applicable Conduct equipment check Check equipment using equipment checkup list e Verify that the DataRAMs are operational and fully charged e Include safety equipment Coordinate logistics Coordinate logistics e g deployment platform with ICS Operations
194. ity Sufficient to see oil containment systems and suitable for aerial overflight for burn observation 18 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT Yes C Oil Condition 1 Fresh oil 2 3 days exposure Yes 2 gt 2 3 mm 0 1 inch thickness Yes Habitats Impacted and Resources at Risk A Local public health official agency notified and consulted Yes No Name Address Phone Land Owner Manager federal tribal state private notified and consulted Yes Name Address Phone ntOfficer Fire Ecologist State Forestry Commission consulted Yes C Local Fire Manage the Programmatic Agreement on Protection of Historic Properties During Emergency Response contacted Yes No Name Address Phone E State Natural Resource Agen Name Address Phone notified ig Yes No 19 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT F Federal Natural Resource Trustees notified and consulted L Department of the Interior L Department of Defense L Tennessee Valley Authority L National Aeronautic and Space Administration O U S Forest Service L National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Dept of Commerce L Department of Energy O Other G Native American interests present __ Yes No Tribal contact Name Address Phone Bureau of Ind
195. ity for dispersant application The need for flexibility in sampling design effort and rapid deployment possibly using a vessel of opportunity may dictate the nature and extent of the monitoring To assist the monitoring efforts it is important that the unified command agrees on the goals and objectives of monitoring and chooses the Tier or combination thereof to meet the needs of the response 2 4 Mobilizing Monitoring Resources Dispersant application has a narrow window of opportunity Time is of the essence and timely notification is critical It is imperative that the monitoring teams and technical advisors are notified of possible dispersant application and SMART monitoring deployment as soon as they are considered even if there is uncertainty about carrying out this response option Prompt notification increases the likelihood of timely and orderly monitoring The characteristics of the spill and the use of dispersants determine the extent of the monitoring effort and consequently the number of teams needed for monitoring For small scale dispersant applications a single visual monitoring team may suffice For large dispersant applications several visual and water column monitoring teams may be needed 2 5 Using and Interpreting Monitoring Results Providing the Unified Command with objective information on dispersant efficacy is the goal of Tier I and II dispersant monitoring When visual observations and on site water column monitori
196. ity to degrade a standard type of oil was determined 33 The approach to evaluate an agent s toxicity should be conducted for specific fresh water or marine species on the agent alone and the agent and standardized oil combined Seven day chronic estimator methods should be performed using daphnia Ceriodaphnia and fathead minnows Pimephales for fresh water and mysids Mysidopsis and silversides Menidia for marine applications These are standard tests additional tests specific for Regional species may be desirable Mammalian toxicity of agent constituents should be reviewed in existing data to determine whether any precautions need be taken with regard to application methods rates or timing to protect persons applying agents as well as indigenous wild life Tier Ill Simulated Field Test Demonstration Based on findings of previous tiers microcosm systems should be used to perform simulated field test demonstrations on a bioremediation agent as appropriate The objective of this tier is to predict a bioremediation agent s effectiveness at degrading oil or petroleum products in specific field settings or habitats Although EPA approved microcosm systems for performing simulated field test demonstrations are still under development at the time of this writing the approach for performing these tests is to use microcosm systems that simulate actual biodegradation field kinetics This approach will aid in determining the relative effecti
197. iveness Supervisors should regularly assess work progress against control operations called for in the plan If deficiencies are found improved direction or additional staffing may be required tactical operations may need to be modified and or changes may need to be reflected in planning for the next segment of time Demobilization activities although often overlooked are an integral part of the Work plan As the project begins to wind down everyone will be anxious to leave the scene and return home Demobilization planning helps to assure a controlled safe efficient and cost effective demobilization process Organization The response structure or organizational framework identifies the participants in a response their general areas of responsibility and the lines of authority among them A chart illustrating the participants in a bioremediation response activity in Region 4 and their inter relationships would be very helpful in summarizing this information In developing this section the following questions should be addressed Who will manage the overall bioremediation activity Who will be the likely participants e g federal and state agencies in the activity for the Region What are the general roles Who will be the likely participants if any from outside the Region What are the general roles Who will manage the monitoring portions of the activity Who will develop an appropriate Work plan for the bioremediation activit
198. ives as the designed purpose of these agents is to enhance the rate of oil biodegradation by increasing microbial activity There are also bioremediation agents listed as dispersants these agents are water based products that claim to enhance the rate of oil biodegradation by emulsifying spilled oil thereby making it more bio available Additionally other products that do not fit a current regulatory definition because of their unique nature may be listed as miscellaneous agents Use of any of these agents should be consistent with the Regional Response Team s general guidelines for their application and use 30 Types of Agents Types of Agents The number and type of agents which claim to enhance the rate of biodegradation has broadened to fill the current perceived market Although there are no current regulatory definitions for every type of bioremediation agent the following are broad definitions for those currently available Microbial Agents concentrated cultures of oil degrading microorganisms grown on a hydrocarbon containing medium that have been air or freeze dried onto a carrier 0 bran cornstarch oatmeal In some cases the microorganisms may be grown up in bioreactors at the spill site All commercially available agents use naturally occurring microorganisms Some agents may also contain nutrients to assure the activity of their microbial cultures This type of agent is intended to provide a massive inoculum of oil degrad
199. ized as the preferred method of burning All practical efforts to limit the potential for igniting the source or adjacent uncontained or uncontrollable slicks will be made 7 In situ burning is advised only when the meteorological and sea conditions are operationally favorable for a successful burn The FOSC will give due consideration to the direction of the wind and the possibility of the wind blowing precipitate over population centers or sensitive resources onshore A safety margin of 45 degrees of arc on either side of predicted wind vectors should be considered for shifts in wind direction 8 Health and Safety Concerns 4 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU a OPERATORS Assuring workers health and safety is the responsibility of employers and the USCG FOSC who must comply with all Occupational Safety and Health Administration OSHA regulations Prior to any in situ burn operations a site safety plan must be submitted to the FOSC b b PUBLIC Burning should be stopped if it becomes an unacceptable health risk to the general public If at any time during burning operations exposure limits are expected to exceed federal air quality standards in nearby populated areas then operations will immediately cease The Level of Concern LOC for particulates for the general public in Region III is 150 ug m3 PM 10 averaged over one hour Public advisories may be required prior to initiating a burn 9 In situ burning will be condu
200. l Water parameters In addition to fluorometry data the Unified Command may request that water physical and chemical parameters be measured This can be done by using a portable lab such as the Hydrolab or similar instrument connected in line with the fluorometer to measure water temperature conductivity dissolved oxygen content pH and turbidity These data can help explain the behavior of the dispersed oil The turbidity data may provide additional information on increased concentrations of dispersed oil if turbidity is elevated The other physical and chemical parameters measure the characteristics of the water column that could possibly affect the rate of dispersion As in Tier water samples are collected but in greater numbers to help validate the fluorometer readings SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 Calibration and documentation used for Tier II are valid for Tier III as well including the use of a check standard to verify instrument response Because of the increased complexity of Tier a dispersant technical specialist e g member of the scientific support team should be on location to assist the monitoring efforts A critical point to keep in mind is that in the hectic and rapidly changing conditions of spill response flexibility and adaptability are essential for success The sampling plan is dictated by many factors such as the availability of equipment and personnel on scene conditions and the window of opportun
201. l materials handling equipment etc The dispersant service providers may take the lead in arranging support Tabletop and equipment deployment exercises involving all members of the Dispersant Operations Group are invaluable in working out staging area and support details D Authorize Direct Mobilization The FOSC Area Committee must provide specific guidance in the Area Plan with respect to who is authorized to mobilize which dispersant resources but such guidance must allow for rapid mobilization when required In some cases this authorization will have contractual and funding implications and must be addressed accordingly The notification list in section I of this DOIP as customized by the FOSC Area Committee and annotated by the duty section upon initial notification may be used as a mobilization checklist by those authorized to call out resources Or a similar mobilization checklist may be generated Early mobilization of key personnel e g the SSC and the DOGS and heads up notification of potential dispersant operations responders as well as documentation of responder availability during initial notifications will accelerate the process of full scale mobilization when that decision has been made Copies of the annotated notification list following initial notification should be forwarded to the DOGS as well as to Planning and Logistics sections for future reference action It should be recognized however that mobilization fo
202. l On Scene Coordinator Printed Name of Federal On Scene Coordinator Signature of State On Scene Coordinator Printed Name of State On Scene Coordinator Time and Date of Decision Additional conditions that apply 7 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 8 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan IN SITU BURNING IN THE INLAND ZONE Description This guidance covers the conditional use of in situ burning in response to oil discharges occurring on inland waters and lands within the jurisdiction of the RRT IV on a case by case basis This guidance covers protocols under which in situ burning is authorized for use by the FOSC in the inland zone Authority Required The FOSC with the concurrence of the EPA and the USCG representatives to the RRT IV and with the concurrence of the state s and tribe s with jurisdiction over affected resources and in consultation with the land manager private state federal and DOC and DOI trustees representatives to the RRT IV may authorize the use of in situ burning on oil spills The USCG EPA DOI DOC and the states of have adopted in situ burning as a tool to remove spilled oil from inland waters and lands within the jurisdiction of RRT IV The Region IV Inland ISB Evaluation and Response Checklist must be filled out and submitted to RRT IV for approval General Application Requirements Burning will be allowed only after mechanical recovery i
203. l oil dispersible Oil is generally dispersible if API Gravity is more than 17 YES NO Pour Point is less than 10 F 5 5 C below ambient temperature Viscosity is less than 10 000 centistokes Note Some modern dispersants may be formulated to be effective on a wider range of oil properties The choices of dispersants listed on the NCP s National Product Schedule are limited To answer this question you should look at which dispersant would the most effective given the type of oil 2 Have environmental tradeoffs of dispersant use indicated that use should be considered YES NO Note This is one of the more difficult questions Dispersant toxicity assessment information found in Appendix V of the RRT pre approval agreements may assist in this decision 3 Is the chosen dispersant likely to be effective Consider YES NO effectiveness of dispersant application to the oil dispersant to oil application ratio oil slick thickness distribution of oil slick on the water droplet size distribution in aerial spray oil viscosity energy input suspended particles in water sedimentation weathering of oil emulsification of oil oil composition dispersant composition water salinity and temperature dispersant type compatible with application means Note A preliminary effectiveness test such as the standard flask swirling method is highly recommended X 3 Attachment II B 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Di
204. ll dispersant concentrate that is effective on a wide range of oils including the heavier more weathered oils and emulsified oils COREXIT 9500 contains the same surfactants present in COREXIT 9527 and a new improved oleophilic solvent delivery system The product can be used in all regions of the world regardless of climate Aerial Spraying For aerial spraying apply COREXIT 9500 undiluted Various fixed wing aircraft or helicopters can be used for spraying over a large area from an altitude of 30 to 50 feet or even higher depending on application equipment and aircraft The spray nozzles used are most critical since droplet size must be controlled Avoid nozzles Attachment IV K 20 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan that produce too fine a spray mist or fog No nozzle may be necessary if the airplane travels at 120 mph 104 knots or more since the air shear at these speeds will be sufficient to break the chemical stream into droplets Boat Spraying COREXIT 9500 may be applied by workboats equipped with spray booms mounted ahead of the bow wake as far forward as possible The preferred and most effective method of application from a workboat is to use a low volume low pressure pump so the chemical can be applied undiluted Spray equipment designed to provide a diluted dispersant solution to the spray booms can also be used As with most effective concentrates dispersant concentrations in the 5 to 10
205. lothing is recommended In case of contact flush exposed area with water Wash thoroughly after using 4 Storage temperature a Maximum storage temperature 170 F b Minimum storage temperature 30 F c Optimum storage temperature range 40 F to 100 F d Temperatures of phase separations and chemical changes COREXIT 9527 1s not adversely affected by changes in storage temperature unless evaporation is allowed to occur V SHELF LIFE The shelf life of unopened drums of COREXIT 9527 is unlimited Containers should always be capped when not in use to prevent contamination and evaporation of solvents VI RECOMMENDED APPLICATION PROCEDURE 1 Application Method The usual application methods are by use of aircraft COREXIT 9527 is applied undiluted during aerial spray hand held equipment e g spray cans or back pack sprayers or workboats fitted with spray booms mounted ahead of the bow wake as forward as possible COREXIT 9527 should be applied to the floating oil not to the water around it When applied from workboats an eduction system using a portable fire pump or a fixed fire fighting system is best This should operate at about 40 80 psi depending on the requirements of the eductor used and deliver sea water at a rate adequate to maintain the spray pattern from the nozzles at the operating velocity of the vessel without blowing away before reaching the oil Alternatively the chemical can be fed to the sea water
206. mals or humans Documentation i e references of whether or not the microorganism s are naturally occurring in the immediate or similar environment Documentation i e references of specific degradation products expected Documentation if available of migratory potential of microorganisms and degradation products in soil and groundwater Complete description of the bioremediation process on a site e g application of the product to soil and or groundwater aeration of soil procedures needed to maintain growth and chemical degradation 24 The risk evaluation will be forwarded to the designated contact person within the company site owner manufacturer consultant applying the product DEM contact person and Groundwater Section contacts Linda Blalock Federal Trust Fund and Brian Wagner Operations Branch 25 APPENDIX B BIOREMEDIATION USE AUTHORIZATION FORM The following questions should be answered if known and presented to the OSC who will review them and present them to the RRT for consideration A question left unanswered will not automatically result in a no go decision but EVERY effort should be made to present accurate and timely information The RRT will use the information provided below to assist in making the decision for use of bioremediation The form consists of two parts incident characteristics and feasibility assessment criteria Additionally a Bioremediation Work plan and Biomonitoring Plan must be pr
207. manually record the data from both instruments at the same time Comparison of the readings at the two water depths may provide information on the dilution trend of the dispersed oil If requested by the Unified Command water chemical and physical parameters may be collected by using a portable water quality lab such as Hydrolab in line with the fluorometer to measure water temperature conductivity dissolved oxygen content pH and turbidity These data can help explain the behavior of the dispersed oil MONITORING AT MULTIPLE DEPTHS TRANSECT AT TWO DIFFERENT DEPTHS dispersed monitoring points subsurface plume Figure 7 Monitoring options for Tier III 33 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 13 v 1 2000 3 13 Dispersant Monitoring Water Sampling 3 13 1 Purpose Collection of water samples during Tier II and III monitoring should assist in correlating fluorometer readings in the field to actual dispersed oil concentrations in the water column The water samples collected post fluorometer 1 at the outlet port of the water conduit after it passes through the fluorometer cell into a one liter bottle are analyzed at a laboratory at the end of the field operation to ascertain actual oil concentrations in the water The guidelines provided below are general and should serve as an initial starting point for water sample collection The number of samples collected may vary depending on the operation and the need f
208. mplex and should be addressed by qualified personnel on the FOSC s staff and on the Area Planning Committee during the Area Planning process Equipment Deployment Exercises should fully test proposed communications plans and identify problem areas to be resolved prior to actual response operations As a minimum the emergency phase of a dispersant operation the DOGS should prepare and distribute an initial dispersant operations communications plan assigning appropriate frequencies and call signs for all responding units The following is a template for a very basic radio communications plan Air to Air VHF UHF Other Air to Vessel VHF UHF Other Air to Ground VHF UHF Other Ground to Vessel VHF UHF Other Vessel to Vessel VHF UHF Other Many aircraft are not equipped to communicate with surface vessels and vice versa Unless otherwise resolved the DOGS should have ready access to few hand held VHF marine band radios equipped with headsets and boom microphones In the absence of more sophisticated equipment these small portable units can be issued to aerial spotters and other aircraft needing to communicate with surface vessels at short range The use of VHF and UHF radio repeater stations cellular telephones satellite communications links and other sophisticated communications systems as required should be addressed in Area Contingency Plans and in incident specific communications plans developed by the Communications Unit in the Logi
209. n accordance with protocols outlined in Appendix III Unless smoke plumes are predicted to cross over populated or environmentally sensitive areas an inability to conduct monitoring operations will not be automatic grounds for discontinuing or prohibiting in situ burn operations Real time PM 10 monitoring will be initiated when trajectories indicate potential movement toward populated or environmentally sensitive areas and will be in place prior to the start of burn operations c All burns must incorporate constant visual observations to monitor smoke plume behavior A trial burn may be conducted to better estimate plume behavior prior to operational burning The burn should be stopped if the plume contacts or threatens to contact the ground in populated or environmentally sensitive areas 5 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU 12 Mechanical recovery equipment shall be mobilized on scene when feasible for backup and complimentary response capability Provisions should be made for collection of burn residue following the burn s 13 If in situ burning is used a post incident debriefing will take place within 45 days to gather information concerning its effectiveness and to determine whether any changes to this agreement are necessary The debriefing will be chaired by the USCG FOSC by arranging the time place and date of the debrief The results of the debrief will be included in the FOSC report AMENDMENTS This document may be amen
210. n fresh water It can be used most effectively on spills on salt water of about 196 salt 10 000 ppm salinity or greater Water temperature does not affect the dispersant s action but the effect of very low temperatures in increasing the viscosity of the oil could make dispersion more difficult Weathering of oil can have a negative affect on dispersibility but the amount of time to reach that point can vary widely from a few days to more than a month depending on climatic conditions 4 VII TOXICITY AND EFFECTIVENESS 1 TOXICITY MATERIAL TESTE SPECIES LC50 ppm COREXIT 9527 Fundulus heteroclitus 100 96 hr Artemia salina 50 48 hr No 2 Fuel Oil Fundulus heteroclitus 4 280 96 hr Artemia salina 44 000 48 hr COREXIT 9527 amp Fundulus heteroclitus 36 96 hr No 2 Fuel Oil 1 10 Artemia salina 44 48 hr Attachment IV K 16 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 2 EFFECTIVENESS STANDARD EFFECTIVENESS TEST WITH NO 6 FUEL OIL VOLUME INITIAL 10 min FINAL 2 hrs DISPERSANT MEAN DISPERSION MEAN DISPERSION 10 71 63 25 69 60 Dosage causing 50 dispersion from initial dispersion graph is less than 10 ml VIII MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS Not Applicable IX PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 1 Flash Point 162 F 2 Pour Point Less than 45 F 3 Viscosity 60 cst at 60 F 22 cst at 100 F 9 cst at 150 F 4 Specific Gravity 0 995 at 60 F 0 975 at 100 F 5 pH 8 2 10 in de ionized water
211. ncident specific dispersant operations plan may be developed and implementation initiated prior to development of the initial incident action plan Nevertheless the flow of information between the Dispersant Operations Group the Operations Section Chief and the rest of the response organization must be initiated at the earliest stages of the response and maintained in accordance with FOSC Area Contingency Plan direction Proper integration of dispersant operations into the overall response in the emergency phase through a disciplined system for information flow will simplify dispersant operations integration into the incident action plan VI 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan VII COORDINATE DISPERSANT MONITORING PROTOCOL Table VII 1 Dispersant Monitoring Checklist and ROADMAP DOIP N Required Action 3 Initial Responsibility Page Dispersant Operations vira Mobilize Monitoring Team pune se DOS Sueno DES ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment DOGS LOGISTICS VII 1 Provide Monitoring Support Platform s Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page DOGS Monitoring Unit NEP Vir Conduct Monitoring in Coordination with Dispersant Application m Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment VII Dispersant Monitoring Table of Contents Page A Mobilize Monitoring Team
212. nd Roadmap VII 1 Attachments Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Aerial Checklist Attach VII A Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Waterborne Checklist Attach VII B VIII Coordinate Dispersant Observer Program Introductionuzc quus RO Gee d Wang E a a ERI VIII 1 B Determine Observer Program Requirement 0 0 1 1 VIII 2 Determine Support Requirements eeu VIII 2 D Ensur Observer Safety tutup bends dA se uS qo a E tese VIII 2 E Ensure Adequate Communications teret VIII 2 F Coordinate Observer Program within Dispersant Operations Group VIII 2 Table VIII 1 Dispersant Observer Program Checklist and Roadmap VIII 1 IX Demobilize Dispersant Resources JA en Pee e IX 1 B Personnel Demobilization ree deer eene t ee ieri ec dein ive IX 1 C Equipment Demobilization e a ot ite Rr s etd IX 2 Table IX 1 Demobilization Checklist and IX 1 vii WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS CONT Page Attachments Situation and Dispersant Applicability
213. neral guidelines on what where when and how to monitor information on organization information flow team members and reporting of data Section 3 Attachments provide detailed information to support and expand sections 1 and SMART Dispersant Module v 1 2000 MONITORING DISPERSANT OPERATIONS 1 BACKGROUND 1 1 Mission Statement To provide a monitoring protocol for rapid collection of real time scientifically based information to assist the Unified Command with decision making during dispersant applications 1 2 Overview of Dispersants Chemical dispersants combine with oil and break a surface slick into small droplets that are mixed into the water column by wind waves and currents The key components of a chemical dispersant are one or more surface active agents or surfactants The surfactants reduce the oil water interfacial tension thus requiring only a small amount of mixing energy to increase the surface area and break the slick into droplets Several actions must occur for a surface oil slick to be chemically dispersed surfactant must be applied to the oil in an appropriate ratio surfactant must mix with the oil or move to the oil water interface The molecules must orient properly to reduce interfacial tension Energy such as waves must be applied to form oil droplets and The droplets must not recoalesce significantly Dispersants can be applied by air from airplanes and helicopters by land usin
214. ng confirm that the dispersant operation is not effective the Unified Command may consider evaluating further use If on the other hand visual observations and or fluorometry monitoring suggest that the dispersant operation is effective dispersant use may be continued When using fluorometry the readings will not stay steady at a constant level but will vary widely reflecting the patchiness and inconsistency of the dispersed oil plume Persons reviewing the data should look for trends and patterns providing good indications of increased hydrocarbon concentrations above background As a general guideline only a fluorometer signal increase in the dispersed oil plume of five times or greater over the difference between the readings at the untreated oil slick and background no oil is a strong positive indication This should not be used as an action level for turning on or off dispersant operations The final recommendation for turning a dispersant operation on or off 1s best left to the judgment of the Technical Specialist charged with interpreting the fluorometry data The Unified Command in consultation with the Technical Specialist should agree early on as to the trend or pattern that they would consider indicative or non indicative of a successful dispersant operation This decision should be documented 2 6 SMART as Part of the ICS Organization SMART activities are directed by the Operations Section Chief in the Incident Comm
215. ng operations especially if they affect the data collected The Monitoring Group Supervisor provides specific direction to the monitoring teams during field deployment and operations The observation and monitoring data flow from the Monitoring Teams to the Monitoring Group Supervisor After initial QA QC the Group Supervisor passes the data to the Technical Specialist The Technical Specialist or his her representative reviews the data applies QA QC if needed most importantly formulates recommendations based on the data The Technical Specialist forwards these recommendations to the Unified Command COMMAND POST FIELD Smoke plume Operational Log Ops control Fin Plan _ Ke lt Grou Data flow supervisor Team3 2 1 ISB monitoring group Figure 1 Command control and data flow during in situ burning monitoring operations ISB Monitoring Group Finance Planning Logistics Figure 2 ISB Monitoring Group in the ICS organization 42 SMART ISB Module Attachment 3 v 1 2000 3 3 ISB Monitoring Training Outline 3 3 1 General Training for in situ burning monitoring operations consists of an initial Monitor Level Training for all Group Supervisor Training for supervisors and refresher training sessions every six months for all 9 342 Monitor Level Training The Monitor Level Training includes monito
216. nitiate a bioremediation activity after the request is approved by the OSC following concurrence from RRT 4 and consultation with the impacted natural resource trustees The OSC s request on behalf of the RP shall be accompanied by a completed Bioremediation Use Authorization Form Maximum cooperation and participation should be expected from the RP throughout the entire response and bioremediation activity DECISION TOOLS Spills may be good candidates for bioremediation treatment based on characteristics of the spill and environmental sensitivities of the spill location To assist OSCs and the RRT in evaluating spills for bioremediation treatment and to document the basis for response decision making the following are provided 1 a diagram outlining the decision process that OSCs should follow when deciding whether to use bioremediation and 2 a form for obtaining authorization to use bioremediation that specifies information which should be collected for presentation to the OSC and RRT This form the Bioremediation Use Authorization Form is presented in Appendix B Decision Process Decisions to use bioremediation should be made after applicable regulatory policies potential environmental impacts operational feasibility logistical coordination and other pertinent issues have been evaluated The process to determine whether bioremediation may be feasible for a particular spill is illustrated in Diagram 1 Details for addressing the spec
217. nition and aerial observation required Yes If yes are they available Yes Flight requif ments daylight hours visibility gt mile ceiling 7500 feet FAA certified for helitoroh D Ignition System 1 Available Yes 2 Type method to be used 3 Burn Promoters working Yes Proposed Burn Plan ediate ignition at or near source ition of uncontained slick s at a safe MEN B Estimated amount of oil to be btrned surface area q ft volume gal bbl C Estimated duration of burn in minutes D Are simultaneous kurns planned Yes No Ify how a E Are sequential or repeat burns planned not simgjjeneous Yes No F Method for terminating the burn G Proposed method for i H Ability to collect burned oil residue Yes No I Estimated smoke plume trajectory miles 22 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT J Monitoring protocols contained in SMART will be applied as appropriate Is additional monitoring required Yes attach additional monitoring needs and specify responsible agency STEP 3 IS BURNING ACCEPTABLE Evaluation of Anticipated Emissions A Using an appropriate chart plot and calculate the following loc tions and distances 1 Location of proposed burn in reference to source 2 If on water location of proposed burn in reference to 3 Location of proposed burn in reference to nearby hum abiteffon
218. nroe LA Caller initials Y N Per Office 800 327 6456 Southern Air Home Worldwide Locations Transpor Hotel Aircraft need ADDS PACK not Cell provided Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N P gr Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per 1 10 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT DISPERSANT APPLICATION VESSELS Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per Office Home Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Per l 11 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS
219. ns E HAZARD EVALUATION Crude oils Composition Crude oils are composed of indefinite number of hydrocarbon compounds Most crude oils contain benzene up to 1 percent by volume Crude oils also contain toluene xylene naphthalenes amp PolyAromatic Hydrocarbons PAHs in concentrations that vary widely depending on the source of the oil weathering and aging Hazard Description Crude oil may cause dermatitis by skin contact nausea by inhalation and eye irritation Benzene is a hematological toxin it affects the blood and blood forming organs and is a carcinogen The most significant hazard from benzene toluene and xylene is in poorly ventilated areas such as pits or under docks or around freshly spilled oil Benzo a pyrene is a skin contact hazard and potentially may cause skin cancer with chronic skin contact As oil weathers and ages benzo a pyrene becomes more concentrated because it evaporates much slower than other chemicals in the mixture Basic Precaution Stay away from or upwind of fresh oil spills wear chemical resistant clothing as necessary to protect against skin or eye contact periodically change protective clothing that has oil on it immediately change clothing that is showing evidence of oil penetrating to your skin and wash skin with soap and water if contact with oil occurs Flush eyes with water if oil gets in them If ingested do not induce vomiting contact a physician Use respiratory protection when v
220. ns to minimize substantial threat to public health or welfare or minimize serious environmental damages This document establishes the advance approval under which in situ burning may be used by the FOSC in certain waters under the jurisdiction of RRT III These waters include the Areas of Responsibility AOR s for the USCG COTPs for Philadelphia Baltimore Hampton Roads and Wilmington The geographic areas and advance approval conditions are as follows see Figure 1 1 A Zones Preauthorization for Open Water Burning Geographic Scope Zone A is defined as waters under the jurisdiction of RRT III and not classified as B C or R zones that lie 6 nautical miles nm and seaward of the Territorial Sea Baseline as defined in 33 CFR 2 05 10 along the coast of Delaware south of the demarcation between Federal Region II and Region III and along the coastal shores of Maryland and Virginia to the outermost extent of the Exclusive Economic Zone EEZ 2 Advance Approval for Zone Within Zone the decision to use in situ burning rests solely with the FOSC provided that the requirements listed under the Protocols section of this agreement 2 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU are followed No further concurrence or consultation on the part of the USCG FOSC is required with EPA DOC NOAA DOL or the states of Delaware Maryland or Virginia The USCG will immediately notify EPA DOC NOAA DOI and the states of Delawar
221. nt method as it relates to the degradation of the spilled material To continue to use biological degradation the response community must compile data which shows that the use of bioremediation accelerates the breakdown of oil in the environment at a faster rate than if the oil was left to breakdown and degrade naturally If there is no proven acceleration of the breakdown then the risks and costs associated with the use of biological methods may outweigh the advantages 2 Measure the environmental impact if any resulting from the biotreatment of an area throughout the response activity to ensure against the harmful effects from the response Especially monitor any increases in eutrophication or ammonia caused by bioremediation The monitoring of water quality parameters throughout the bioapplication is essential due to the potential for algae blooms dissolved oxygen depletions elevated available toxins in the water column all of which may result in a critical impact to aquatic and vegetative life 3 Determine if the bioremediation end points have been reached With the use of all response tools it is important to determine at what point the tool is no longer effective or at what point it has achieved its objective Thus biomonitoring end points must be developed prior to the initiation of 15 the application keeping in mind that these end points need to be modified as the program progresses 4 Ensure the comparability
222. nts amp depth reading taken observations Jat long lat long lat long Jat long Jat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long lat long 36 SMART ISB Module v 1 2000 MONITORING IN SITU BURNING OPERATIONS 1 BACKGROUND 1 1 Mission Statement To provide a monitoring protocol for rapid collection of real time scientifically based information to assist the Unified Command with decision making during in situ burning operations 1 2 Overview of In situ Burning In situ burning of oil may offer a logistically simple rapid and relatively safe means for reducing the net environmental impact of an oil spill Because a large portion of the oil is converted to gaseous combustion products in situ burning can substantially reduce the need for collection storage transport and disposal of recovered material In situ burning however has several disadvantages burning can take place only when the oil is not significantly emulsified when wind and sea conditions are calm and when dedicated equipment is available In addition in situ burning emits a plume of black smoke composed primarily 80 8596 of carbon dioxide and water the remainder of the plume is gases and particulates mostly black carbon particulates known as soot These soot particulates give the smoke its dark color Downwin
223. nts that will be safe and effective in field applications There may be circumstances however under which there is not adequate time to perform thorough agent evaluations before a decision regarding bioremediation use must be made In these instances the procedure below should be used as a guide to determine whether existing information on individual agents is adequate to support further consideration of their use The procedure follows a tiered approach a Base Tier and four subsequent tiers whereby bioremediation agent performance data is gathered as a means to predict the safety and efficacy of agent applications in various field settings or habitats where oil spills may occur The proposed procedure is intended as a standard methodology for assessing the effectiveness and safety of different bioremediation agents Following the procedure will not assure that a tested agent will be effective in spill cleanup however following the procedure should increase the level of confidence that use of an oil spill bioremediation agent will be effective and safe Base Tier Go No Go Requirements and Information Information on a bioremediation agent should be collected from the agent vendor initial screening of the information performed Objectives of this screening are to Ensure that the agent is listed on EPA s NCP Product Schedule Obtain basic information on a bioremediation agent s makeup Ensure satisfaction of minimal re
224. oad gals Dispersant Actual Load gals Ideal Oil Dispersant Ratio Oil Treatable Ideal Ratio bbls Oil treatable w ideal ratio Dispersant Loads Oil Volume Max Acres Disp Load Acres Bbls Treated based on Speed bbls Actual Oil Dispersant Ratio Dispersant Gals Acre Time to Deplete Stockpile hrs f Spotter Data Transit Speed 100 Knots Attachment 1 Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 2 Spill Stats Spilled Oil 2000 bbls Spilled Oil Evaporated Dispersed 80 Total Treatable Oil bbls Slick Area Acres Average Slick Thickness mm Distance Staging to Treatment Area NM 3 Resource Locations and Distances Location Distance to Staging Area Transportation Unit Staging Area Dispersant In Product Schedule Amount Platform Location Dispersant Location Application System Location Spotter Location 4 Time to Get Systems Ready hrs Stockpile Platform Application Spotter Personnel Recall Loading Transport to Staging Area Totals Loading of Stockpile Loading of Application System Enter Total Time for Ready System Time to Arrive at Treatment Area Time for Positioning Total Time to Application Amount of Window Time Left Time remaining after stockpile use Return Reload Back O S Time Amount of Window Time Left Dispersant Platforms Spotter Aircraft Dispersant Stock Attachment IV B 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operation
225. of oil spill bioremediation depends on our ability to establish those conditions in the contaminated environment The most important requirement is that bacteria with appropriate metabolic capabilities must be present If they are their rates of growth and hydrocarbon biodegradation can be maximized by ensuring that adequate concentrations of nutrients and oxygen are present and that the pH is between about 6 and 9 The physical and chemical characteristics of the oil are also important determinants of bioremediation success Heavy crude oils that contain large amounts of resin and asphaltene compounds are less NRT Bioremediation Fact Sheet amenable to bioremediation than are light or medium weight crude oils that are rich in aliphatic components Finally the oil surface area is extremely important because growth of oil degraders occurs almost exclusively at the oil water interface Obviously some of these factors can be manipulated more easily than others For example nothing can be done about the chemical composition of the oil and no adequate engineering approaches are currently available for providing oxygen to oil contaminated surficial sediments in the intertidal zone Therefore the two main approaches to oil spill bioremediation are 1 bioaugmentation in which oil degrading bacteria are added to supplement the existing microbial population and 2 biostimulation in which nutrients or other growth limiting co substrates are
226. of Desired Dispersant for initial and subsequent applications Functional Position Job Aids and Checklists d d g Dispersant Operation Group Supervisor Spotter Sprayer Monitor Observer Common ICS Responsibilities Checklists Log and Reporting Forms Sprayer Observer etc LI Dispersant Operation Plan L L Dispersant Operation Plan Checklist Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Aerial Checklist Dispersant Effectiveness Monitoring Waterborne Checklist RRT Documentation Application Form for Dispersant Use if considering non approved area LI Basemaps Charts of the Area Attachment IV J 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Site Safety Plan Items E Monitoring Equipment e g O2 Combustible Gas Meter WBGT Heat Stress H2S Monitor etc Personal Flotation Device Emergency Locator Beacon Survival Equipment NOMEX Coveralls if available Cold Water Flotation Suit 1f applicable Level D and Level C PPE Equipment where applicable Communications Equipment C Administrative Supplies e g pencils pens note pads etc Attachment IV J 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SITE SAFETY PLAN TEMPLATE FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS A SITE DESCRIPTION Location General area Lat Long Hazards Oil Dispersants General safety hazards
227. of people and gear Gear deployment if needed 1 e dye marker current drogue Frequency to communicate back to command post 14 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 6 v 1 2000 3 6 Dispersant Observation Pre Flight List Title ETA Spotter s Sprayer s Observer s Monitor s Supervisor Safety Check Check all safety equipment Pilot conducts safety brief 2 4 Supervisor to Monitor ground to vessel Monitor to Monitor vessel to vessel 15 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 7 v 1 2000 3 7 Dispersant Observation Reporting Form Names of observers Agency Phone pager Platform Date of application Location Lat Long Distance from shore Time dispersant application started Completed Air temperature Wind direction Wind speed Water temperature Water depth state Visibility Altitude observation and application platforms Type of application method aerial vessel Type of oil Oil properties specific gravity viscosity pour point Name of dispersant Surface area of slick Operational constraints imposed by agencies Percent slick treated Estimated efficacy Visual appearance of application Submerged cloud observed Recoalescence reappearance of oil Efficacy of application in achieving goal reduce shoreline impact etc Presence of wildlife any observed effects
228. ogies will be carried out including organizational assignments Purpose An outline of the task to develop an implementation plan for bioremediation agents is included for the intended purpose and scope of the plan NOTE The Region IV Bioremediation Plan has been provided in this Selection Guide as a starting point for Region III s use It is included in this Guide without revisions and is awaiting Region III revision and comment 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank REGION IV REGIONAL RESPONSE TEAM BIOREMEDIATION SPILL RESPONSE PLAN AUGUST 1997 iM B Ng gt 7 TABLE CONTENTS INTRODUCTION tT E 1 PURPOSE Don a thee 1 APPLICABLE BEGULEATIONS 2 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILIM ESS 2 On Scene Coordinator OSG de aki e Dr dr 2 Federal Agencies ea EUR 3 US Environmental Protection 444 4 013 3 3 US Coast National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration 3 Department of Interior petens dedico s bees 3 State and Local Agencies E AAT ane ar prts co bee uds 3 Responsible D EE 4 DECISION JT OOS 4 D CISIONIPIOCESS mdi aote nod idtds ad t d de an Mn ehm 4 Bioremediation
229. ogs Correlate water samples to fluorometer readings Generate report Prepare for next spill Clean recharge restock equipment 20 SMART Dispersants Attachment 10 v 1 2000 3 10 Dispersant Monitoring Equipment List For each team unless otherwise noted P Tumer Designs Fluorometer Garymgcae 3 mm on line systems Long wavelength oil op calkit2 1 electronic chart recording m NE il opti Power and signal cable 12 volts DC Sampling pump 1 fluorometer hose Davsdifies 2 EN Boat batteries 12 volts DC for accessory equipment _ wikep with ice packs Amber bottles Titer 9 Packing materalforbokes S Ei ings exrahoserepairKit _ Should include downloading software Computer and cables 1 group pur ET Recorder data shoes E Rite in the rain notebooks pens _ 21 Hob aid checklist p SSS 8 Cellphone Binoculars M Stopwatch E Em 3 Tape measure 1 1 1 1 Digital camera or camcorder opti
230. oil dispersion Tier II requires water samples to be taken for later analysis which will help confirm that the increases observed were due to dispersed oil A water column monitoring team composed of at least one trained technician and a support person is deployed on a suitable platform Under ideal circumstances the team collects data in three primary target locations 1 background water no oil 2 oiled surface slicks prior to dispersant application and 3 post application after the oil has been treated with dispersants Data are collected in real time by both a built in data logging device and by the technician who monitors the readings from the instrument s digital readout and records them in a sampling log The sampling log not only provides a backup to the data logger but allows the results to be communicated near real time to the appropriate technical specialist in the Unified Command Data logged by the instrument are used for documentation and scientific evaluation The field team should record the time instrument readings and any relevant observations at selected time intervals Global Positioning System GPS instruments are used to ascertain the exact position of each reading Water samples are collected in bottles to validate and quantify the fluorometry monitoring Samples are collected at the outlet port of the flow through water hose past the fluorometer cell Exact time and position are noted for each sample for correl
231. olatile organic compounds and specifically benzene concentrations exceed OSHA PEL Exposure limits of interest benzene l ppm OSHA toluene 100 ppm OSHA xylene 100 ppm OSHA naphthalene 10 ppm ACGIH hexane 50 ppm OSHA coal tar coal tar pitch volatiles 0 2 mg m OSHA ACGIH Attachment IV K 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Dispersants Application Dispersants act like detergents They reduce the surface tension of the oil and break it into tiny droplets The oil droplets are then mixed in the water column and disperse To be effective dispersants keep the droplets apart and prevent coagulation Early dispersants late 60 contained fairly strong and toxic solvents that were used for clean up of oil tanks or mechanical equipment They were quite toxic both to marine organisms and to human The dispersants currently in use are much less toxic They contain a surfactant mixed with a solvent and possibly other chemicals that serve as stabilizers The solvents currently in use are water alcohol glycol or ethylene glycol When applied dispersants are sprayed on the oil slick most likely by aircraft Flying altitude during application is expected to be 50 to 100 feet above the water The droplets should be large enough to settle rapidly on the slick Smaller droplets may remain suspended for a longer period of time and be carried downwind over some distance Health Hazards Inhal
232. ome Ambulance EMT Hospital voice fax cellular pager home voice fax cellular pager home OTHER NUMBERS voice fax cellular pager home voice fax celluar pager home voice fax celluar pager home voice fax cellular pager home Attachment IV K 6 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Sign Up Sheet Team Member Contact Number Signature Date Print Name Phone Pager References a 29 CFR 1910 120 OSHA regulations for Hazardous Waste Sites b 40 CFR 311 Worker Protection c NIOSH OSHA USCG EPA Occupational Safety and Health Guidance Manual for Hazardous Waste Site Activities NIOSH 85 115 d Site Safety Program for Oil Spill Response Attachment IV K 7 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan GENERIC SITE SAFETY PLAN FOR DISPERSANT OPERATIONS ATTACHMENT 1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING FOR CHEMICAL HAZARDS The following monitoring shall be conducted Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions electronic equipment shall be calibrated before each day s use INSTRUMENT FREQUENCY continuous houry daily Other continuous _ hourly daily Other continuous houry daily Other other chemical specific monitors colorimetric electronic continuous hourly daily Other continuous hourly daily Other
233. on should be monitored and to hydrocarbon based chemical spills into fresh or marine water General Information on SMART Modules A General Considerations and Assumptions Several considerations guided the workgroup in developing the SMART guidelines 1 SMART is designed for use at oil spills both inland and in coastal zones as described in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan 40 CFR Part 300 2 SMART does not directly address the health and safety of spill responders or monitoring personnel since this is covered by the general site safety plan for the incident as required by 29 CFR 1910 120 3 SMART does not provide complete training on monitoring for a specific technology Rather the program assumes that monitoring personnel are fully trained and qualified to use the equipment and techniques mentioned and to follow the SMART guidelines 4 SMART attempts to balance feasible and operationally efficient monitoring with solid scientific principles 1 2000 5 In general SMART guidelines are based the roles and capabilities of available Federal state and local teams and 5 Scientific Support Coordinators SSC The SSC is often referred to in the document as Technical Specialist Users may adopt and modify the modules to address specific needs 6 SMART uses the best available technology that is operationally feasible The SMART modules represent a living document and will be r
234. onal 21 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 Fluorometer Setup This is an initial operational guidance subject to change through continued use instrument improvements local requirements OSC needs and scientific re evaluation The Turner Designs Fluorometer should be maintained in an operationally ready state for the SMART Tier II or Tier III The following pages are step by step instructions to ensure the instrument is working in an acceptable manner prior to deployment Comments and noted changes on the instrument s status should be documented in a maintenance log 3 11 1 Instrument initialization Turn on by pushing red button Opening screen with readings is called Home on keypad press HOMF Verify clock time and date to GPS parameters not Verify data reading RAW not Verify concentration readings in HIGH MAN not Verify time constant at 2 Sec not If not acceptable reset instrument to defaults and complete setup 3 11 1 1 Set calibration defaults At Home screen press ENT 2 for calibration screen 6 for defaults Follow instructions and press 9 five times Return to by either pressing Home or lt ESC gt back through the menu until the Home screen appears 3 11 1 2 Set date and time to GPS parameters Note logging must not appear on the screen If logging appears press lt gt lt 5 gt 3 ENT Stop
235. onse operation particularly if mechanical containment and recovery and or in situ burning operations will be ongoing in adjacent areas In addition dispersant application whether by aircraft or vessel must be properly coordinated with spotter aircraft as well as with dispersant monitoring and dispersant observation efforts in accordance with the Area Contingency Plan And of course the Area Plan dispersant guidance must be in compliance with the requirements of the Region III Regional Contingency Plan The required Region III approval process including pre approvals and the Region III monitoring protocols are worthy of particular attention The technical or operational details of aerial or surface vessel dispersant application are beyond the scope of this DOIP Training and experience of the DOGS and other members of the VI 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Dispersant Operations Group should make them knowledgeable of such details but they will likely remain the responsibility of the dispersant application service providers The Region IV Incident Command Functional Checklists for Dispersant Use attachment IV 8 introduced in section IV of this DOIP describe recommended roles responsibilities and tools for Dispersant Operations group personnel Dispersant application service provider personnel will fill some of these positions B Integrate Dispersant Plans into the Incident Action Plan The i
236. or Wetland Resources Publication LSU SG 73 01 1973 Chianelli R R et al Bioremediation Technology Development and Application to the Alaskan Spill Proceedings 1991 Oil Spill Conference March 4 7 1991 San Diego California pp 549 558 Congress of the United States Bioremediation for Marine O Spills OTA BP 0 70 Office of Technology Assessment Washington D C May 1991 DeLune R D R P Gambrell J H Pardue and W H Patrick Jr Fate of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Toxic Organics in Louisiana Coastal Environments Estuaries 13 1 1990 pp 72 80 Jordan Randolph and James Payne Fate and Weathering of Petroleum Spills in the Marine Environment Michigan Ann Arbor Science Publishers Inc 1980 Lee Richard F Metabolism of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Sediments Proceedings of a Symposium on Sources Effects and Sinks of Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment AIBS Publication 1976 Mearns Alan J Observations of an Oil Spill Bioremediation Activity in Galveston Bay Texas NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS OMA 57 June 1991 Owen D Bioremediation of Marine Oil Spills Scientific and Operational Constraints Proceedings of the Fourteenth Arctic and Marine Oil Spill Program Technical Seminar Vancouver British Columbia June 12 14 1991 pp 119 130 Pitter Pavel and Jan Chudoba Biodegradability of Organic Substances in the Aquatic Environment Boca Raton Florida CRC Press 1990 Pritchard P
237. or verification 3 13 2 Guidelines 3 13 2 1 Equipment 1 Certified pre cleaned amber 500 ml bottles with Teflon lined caps For Tier II a minimum of six bottles is required For Tier II a minimum of thirteen bottles is required 2 Labels for bottles documenting time and location of collection 3 Observation notes corresponding fluorometer readings to water sample collection and any other observations 3 13 2 2 Procedure 1 Open valve for water sample collection and allow water to run for ten seconds before opening and filling the bottle 2 Hill the bottle to the top and allow no headspace in bottles after sealing 3 Label bottle with exact time of initial filling from the fluorometer clock as well as sampling depth transect and the distance of water hose from the outflow port of the fluorometer to the actual collection point of the water sample to account for residence time of water in the hose 4 Store filled bottles in a cooler with ice while on the monitoring vessel Keep refrigerated do not freeze after returning to shore and send to the laboratory as soon as possible 5 Measure and record the length of the hose between the fluorometer outlet and the bottle end hose diameter and flow rate by filling a bucket This will assist in accurately linking water sample results to fluorometer readings 3 13 2 3 Number of Samples 1 Collect one water sample per monitoring depth during the background no oil
238. ormation regarding the use of applied technologies The goal is to post the Selection Guide on a Website to facilitate easy access and information exchange among regions and regularly update it as new information and guidance materials become available 6 30 00 SELECTION GUIDE OVERVIEW CONTINUED Intended Users When to Use Development Background The intended users for this guide are all oil spill decision makers both experienced and less experienced They include members of the Unified Command e g FOSC SOSC Incident Commander and resource trustees among others The guide should be used During spill response by the Planning Section During pre spill planning in developing Area Contingency Plans and Facility Response Plans This volume was designed to provide oil spill decision makers with a single resource that would contain all of the regional specific guidance and requirements for the use of applied technologies This Selection Guide has been developed under the Work Plan of the Region III Regional Response Team Spill Response Countermeasures Work Group in cooperation with the Region IV Regional Response Team Comments from USEPA USCG and State OSCs and resource trustees representing Regions 3 4 and 9 have guided the development of this Selection Guide along with the input of the Selection Guide Development Committee Continued on Next Page vi 6 30 00 TABLE CONTE
239. ort provide a description of the overall bioremediation activity and accompanying monitoring effort including results of both field and laboratory activities A draft should be submitted within 30 days after the end of the monitoring effort A final report incorporating comments from those the draft was submitted to as well as photos should be submitted within 60 days after submission of the draft In addition at the time the final after action report is submitted all field notes including those of contractors should be submitted to the OSC To facilitate information transfer and the development of a data base on bioremediation use and bioremediation agents the Bioremediation Use Follow Up Form in Appendix F should be completed at the end of the bioremediation activity PLAN REVISION The monitoring plan and suggested procedures outlined in this section should be implemented and modified as necessary based on the cumulative experience and knowledge gained from conducting bioremediation field activities and associated laboratory activities Recommendations for revisions should be submitted to the Region 4 RRT for approval 20 TABLE 1 FIELD MONITORING PARAMETERS Parameter Sample Size Assessment Colle Assessment Collection ction Location Frequency Visual observations N A All test sites Daily to the extent mortality behavioral possible at least each effects appearance day that water sediment changes oil and or shor
240. pecific information e g local area vessels aircraft staging areas etc A customized DOIP can be inserted intact into an ACP perhaps in Annex G Chemical Countermeasures or can be integrated as appropriate throughout the ACP Appropriate ACP interface between the DOIP and existing dispersant guidance such as pre approvals and monitoring guidelines will be required In addition dispersant operations planning logistics and F amp A functions must be seamlessly integrated into the existing response plan and ICS organization This DOIP is written largely in the context of the FOSC s response organization that is based on the Incident Command System ICS and it is recognized that the Responsible Party RP may fill some of the positions and undertake some of the responsibilities identified under a Unified Command structure It is expected that facility and vessel plan holders will integrate ACP DOIP guidance into their plans Due to the required Federal and state approvals for dispersant use the RP will never implement dispersant operations independently On the other hand the FOSC s response organization should be fully prepared to rapidly initiate independent dispersant operations in situations in which the FOSC is also the Incident Commander With proper application currently available dispersants may be effective for up to 48 to 72 hours after the spill event and perhaps longer depending on ambient conditions the characteristics of t
241. ple and gear gear deployment if needed and other pertinent details If possible tell the pilot you would like to do your observations through an open window plan your flight path so you minimize the time you will be looking up sun Equipment Take appropriate map charts with you to sketch the extent of the spill you observe the ability to communicate with the pilot during the overflight is important to optimize the overflight observations Take camera and or video for documenting what you see It is helpful if a second person can do the photography BOARDING It is best to board the helicopter when the rotor is stationary Often it is not possible If there is a crewmember to assist you follow his her instructions If not board as follows 5 From safe distance at least 100 feet wait for the helicopter to land safely Be patient Sometimes the pilot will reposition the helicopter after the first landing Secure any loose items that may be blown away by the rotor wind downwash This includes clothing notebooks maps etc LI Look the other way when the helicopter lands The downwash from the rotor is equivalent to a 70 80 mph wind and flying debris may injure your eyes Wear eye protection when approaching the helicopter E You may receive a helmet or headphones from the helicopter crew If not wear hearing protection when approaching the helicopter and during the flight Most helicopters are very noisy After the
242. pment Demobilization 2 2 IX 2 Table IX 1 Demobilization Checklist and Roadmap ess IX 1 A Introduction The Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS coordinates with the Planning Section Demobilization Unit in developing a dispersant resources demobilization plan to ensure unneeded resources are released as soon as possible Most resources will be demobilized upon termination of dispersant operations but the DOGS must be prepared to demobilize individual resources whenever it is determined they are no longer needed The Logistics Section should approve the release of resources to ensure that those resources such as support vessels or aircraft are not needed to support other phases of the response The FOSC Unified Command must approve demobilization of resources prior to release B Personnel Demobilization The Demobilization Unit of the Planning Section will develop a demobilization plan with input from the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor and others Prior to personnel release the DOGS must debrief key personnel for lessons learned and require them to sign out with designated officials to ensure required reports cost documentation issued equipment e g radios and personal protective equipment and related items are collected accounted for in a timely manner IX 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan
243. posted and updated by Situation Unit personnel or it may be maintained electronically on a local area network LAN or it may be printed out and faxed with date time indicated to remote units How this and other response information 18 maintained and communicated is a critical issue to be resolved at the Area level and is beyond the scope of this DOIP C Determine Scope and Develop Plan When available incident information has been assembled the DOGS in coordination with the SSC the FOSC and or other designated personnel will estimate the spill volume and slick area to be dispersed This may not be the entire volume or area of oil spilled This estimate will be a subjective evaluation based on the total volume spilled projected total area of the slick weather other response countermeasures to be employed mechanical recovery and in situ burning trajectory and overflight information resources at risk and projected net environmental benefit of dispersant application The ICS Notification Information form is a useful starting point for approaching this evaluation When the volume of oil and the anticipated area of the slick to be dispersed have been determined the DOGS will determine the quantity of dispersant required and the most appropriate numbers and types of dispersant platforms i e large or small fixed wing aircraft vessels or helicopters to be employed Orders of magnitude rather than precise numbers should be considered in
244. potentially affected states Office Home Cell Caller initials Y N Delaware Office Home Cell Caller initials Y N Maryland Office Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Pennsylvania Office Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N Pgr Virginia Office West Home Virginia Cell Caller initials Y 1 9 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT DISPERSANT APPLICATION AIRCRAFT Notification Responsibilities The Duty Section will provide heads up notification only to the following The Duty Section will not authorize mobilization or expenditure of funds Contract Date Time Date Time ETA Agreement Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Status Name Numbers Email Address Office 504 851 6391 gt Airborne Hotel Airborne Support Inc Support Inc Cell Houma LA 70363 Caller initials Y N P gr Office 954 983 9880 Clean Home Caribbean Hotel Co op Cell Caller initials Y N Per Clean Caribbean Co op Port Everglades FL Office 908 738 3002 Clean Harbors Home Clean Harbors Co op Hotel Co op Cell Edison NJ Caller initials Y N Per Office 603 770 1813 Home EADC EADC Hotel Fort Pierce FL Cell Mo
245. pplied as soon as possible to the floating oil to ensure the highest degree of success Early treatment with COREXIT 9500 even at reduced treat rates can also counter the mousse forming tendencies of the spilled oil COREXIT 9500 is useful on oil spills on fresh or salt waters and at any water temperatures The product is effective on most oils weathered spills and chocolate mousse Although viscous oil may require higher dosage rates any oil that will film or spread on the water surface usually can be dispersed Attachment IV K 21 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 6 VII TOXICITY AND EFFECTIVENESS 1 TOXICITY MATERIAL TESTED SPECIES LC50 ppm COREXIT 9500 Menidia beryllina 25 20 96 hr Mysidopsis bahia 32 23 48 hr No 2 Fuel Oil Menidia beryllina 10 72 96 hr Mysidopsis bahia 16 12 48 hr COREXIT 9500 amp Menidia beryllina 2 61 96 hr No 2 Fuel Oil 1 10 Mysidopsis bahia 3 4 48 hr Reference Toxicant Menidia beryllina 7 07 96 hr SDS Mysidopsis bahia 9 82 48 hr 2 EFFECTIVENESS Swirling flask dispersant effectiveness test with South Louisiana and Prudhoe Bay Crude Oils Oil Effectiveness 96 Prudhoe Bay Crude 45 3 South Louisiana Crude 54 7 Average of Prudhoe Bay amp South Louisiana Crudes 50 0 VIII PHYSICAL PROPERTIES 1 Flash Point 176 F SETA closed sup ASTM D3278 2 Pour Point 70 ASTM D97 3 Viscosity 55 cst at 68 F 4 Specific Gravity 0 949 at 60 F ASTM
246. ption particularly for light oiling or residual oil left after other countermeasures have been completed Fine grained sand beaches also occur along bay margins and dredge spoil banks Sandy banks occur along rivers These habitats typically occur in more sheltered areas where natural removal of residual oil by wave or current action will be slower then along exposed beaches They are often not amenable to mechanical removal thus manual removal of heavy accumulations of oil or oiled wrack may be conducted Bioremediation may be considered for sites with light oiling or residual oil left after manual removal efforts have been terminated Mixed Sand and Shell Beaches and Shell Beaches or Banks For lightly or moderately oiled beaches and banks particularly where mechanical cleanup may result in removal of large amounts of sediment or be logistically difficult bioremediation or Ano action may be considered This option is best considered for sites without significant recreational use Riprap Exposed and Sheltered O Oil on riprap can occur as a coating on the boulders or as persistent accumulations of oil in the void spaces between the boulders Neither type of oil is amenable to effective removal by bioremediation techniques under most conditions Thus bioremediation treatment would be optional Exposed Tidal Flats and Sheltered Tidal Flats NA Both of these habitats are inundated daily by high tides which results in rapid dilution an
247. r an effectively implemented dispersant operation might be completed prior to establishment of the Incident Command Post and full activation of the Response Organization V 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan E Arrange Transportation amp Logistic Support Normally dispersant and service providers will arrange their own transportation and bill the customer but these issues should be addressed on an individual basis in the area planning process In some cases Government furnished transportation may be a desirable option and should be addressed in the Area Plan as should rapid access to commercial modes of transportation for Government personnel Other logistics issues to be addressed in area planning or during mobilization include the following e Aircraft landing fueling and support at designated airports Dispersant and support vessel berthing fueling and support at designated port facilities Materials handling equipment at airports seaports and transshipment points Dispersant transfer from shipping containers to aircraft or vessel tanks normally handled by dispersant service provider V 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank V 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan VI IMPLEMENT DISPERSANT OPERATIONS PLAN Table VI 1 Implement Dispersant Operations Plan
248. raining 3 9 Dispersant Observation Checklist Equipment and procedure checklist for Tier I monitoring 3 6 Dispersant Observation Pre Flight A checklist for getting air resources List coordinated and ready for Tier I monitoring 3 7 Dispersant Observation Reporting A form for recording Tier I Form observations 3 8 Dispersant Monitoring Training A training outline for water column Outline monitoring done in Tiers II and III 3 9 Dispersant Monitoring Job Aid A list of the tasks to accomplish before Checklist during and after the monitoring operations 3 10 Dispersant Monitoring Equipment A detailed equipment list for List performing Tier II and III monitoring 3 11 Fluorometer Setup A summary checklist for operating the Turner Design fluorometer 3 12 Dispersant Monitoring Field Field procedures for using Tier II and Guidelines III monitoring protocols 3 13 Dispersant Monitoring Water Procedures for collecting water samples Sampling for Tiers II and III 3 14 Dispersant Monitoring Recorder A form for recording fluorometer Sheet readings for Tiers II and III SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 1 v 1 2000 3 1 Roles and Responsibilities 3 1 1 Visual Monitoring Team The Visual Monitoring Team is ideally composed of two persons a Monitor and an Assistant Monitor The Monitor Functions as the team leader Qualitatively measures dispersant effectiveness from visual observation Communicates results to the Group Supervisor The Assistant
249. ray capacity is similar 5 Use for medium to large spills Moderate endurance Spray capacity is similar 6 Crop duster type aircraft good for small to medium spills Can be turned around quickly for repeated treatments of larger slicks Spray nozzles should be calibrated specifically for dispersant operations to obtain correct droplet size and spray pattern 7 Crop duster type aircraft good for small to medium spills Can be turned around quickly for repeated treatments of larger slicks Spray nozzles should be calibrated specifically for dispersant operations to obtain correct droplet size and spray pattern 8 High endurance and spray capacity but has slow operational speed 9 Small to medium slicks or surgical treatment of the slick s leading edge Slow speed and low spray capacity 10 May be good for surgical treatment of the slick s leading edge and thickest portions of the slick Calibration and delivery rate may be difficult to control Attachment IV C 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OPERATION PLAN CHECKLIST Completed by Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor GENERAL Incident Name Vessel or Facility Name Date Time Spill Occurred _ Location of the Spill LAT LONG Amount Typae of Oil Spilled i Dispersant WEATHER SCENE Wind Speed and Direction 444244442424 Visibility amp Precipitation 2 Sea State Calling DISP
250. reen press lt ENT gt lt 5 gt 2 The screen should read Interval 5 sec Method Average Strategy lt One Way gt If the parameter is different press the appropriate number and follow the directions by toggling settings with lt ENT gt Example Interval 3 sec Press 1 followed be ENT until 5 sec appears on the screen Then press lt 5 gt Once parameters are correct return Home 3 11 4 3 Visually check Home screen 1 Date and time corresponding to GPS readout 2 Raw in upper right corner of screen 3 Concentration range at High Man 4 Time constant to 2 sec If any readout is not correct go to section 1 3 11 4 4 Ready to begin logging data By pressing ENT 5 5 the screen should indicate logging Return to the Home screen and verify that the parameters in section 4 3 plus Logging Data appear on the upper right hand part of the screen Begin Tier II or Tier III monitoring procedures and manually record data every five minutes plus observations 24 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 5 Operational Parameters From the screen display press ENT 1 then follow instructions on the screen to change the instrument settings Operational Parameters Instrument Settings Alm 227 2 Home Display Options o 04 2 Note Any parameter not liste
251. res implementation plan In the event that qualified State Commonwealth or Federal observers discover and present documentation to the FOSC that the chemical countermeasures are not being used according to the countermeasure implementation plan that monitoring is not occurring in accordance with the monitoring plan or that the Trustees observe unanticipated harmful environmental effects the FOSC will present such evidence to the unified command for the purpose of re evaluating the decision to use the countermeasures The FOSC may determine that further application of chemical countermeasures shall be suspended should such a determination be warranted by the conditions The FOSC shall require the responsible party to submit a status report within 45 days after the initial application The Status Report shall include preliminary data on the environmental effects and effectiveness of the chemical countermeasures used A final written report on these effects and effectiveness shall be submitted not later than six months following the date of the countermeasure use AMENDMENTS This Memorandum of Understanding may be amended in whole or in part as mutually agreeable to all parties thereto including the annexes by the Area Committees Amendments are subject to the approval of the Regional Response Team RRT representatives from the EPA and the states commonwealth and the natural resource trustees CANCELLATION This Memorandum of Understandin
252. ring concepts instrument operation work procedures and a field exercise Duration Brief review of in situ burning hour e Review of SMART What is it why do it what is it good for Monitoring strategy Who where when hour Open water inland Reporting What and to whom LOC What is the LOC how to report it Instantaneous reading vs TWA use of recorder data sheet Using GPS Downloading data Field exercise Set up the instrument outdoors and measure background 4 hours readings Using a smoke source monitor for particulate levels practice Basic instrument operation hands on How the DataRAM works how 2 hours to operate it brief description of mechanism setup and calibration reading the data what do the data mean trouble shooting recording the data and reporting it When done practice downloading the data 3 3 3 Group Supervisor Training Group Supervisor training may include two options Independent training at each unit or An additional structured day of training as suggested below Duration Review of ICS and the role of the Monitoring Group in it hour Roles of Monitoring Group Supervisor What the data mean QA QC of data Command and control of teams Communication with the Technical Specialist Field exercise Practice deploying instruments in the field with emphasis 3 6 hours on reporting QA QC of data communication between teams and the group superv
253. rocedures Purpose of Mission Area Orientation Copy of Previous Overflight Route Flight Plan Duration of Flight Preferred Altitude Landing Site Number of People on Mission Estimated Weight of People and Gear Gear Deployment if needed i e dye marker current drogue etc Frequency to Communicate Back to the Command Post Spill Information Provided by Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Incident Name Source Name Date Time Spill Occurred Attachment 14 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Location of Spill Latitude Longitude Type of Oil Spilled Amount of Oil Spilled Weather On Scene Provided by Scientific Support Coordinator Wind Speed and Direction Visibility Ceiling Precipitation E Sea State OPERATION PRE BRIEF AIRCRAFT ASSIGNMENTS Provided by Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor Title Aircraft Personnel Tactical Call Sign ETD ETA Spotter s Sprayer s Observer s Title Aircraft Personnel Tactical Call Sign ETD ETA Monitor s Supervisor s Attachment IV I 15 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SAFETY CHECK Responsibility of pilot or aircrew Check all safety equipment and pre flight safety brief with Pilot ENTRY E
254. rshes Freshwater SWAMPS and 10 LOGISTICAL GONGERBINS ooa e oo C rax Pe Od 10 Scale of Bioremediation 2000 4 10 Agent AV ANA PTT 10 Application and Monitoring 11 RERO QU dta un enun bd d ND aus uti apa rdi but 11 BEEISNOHIICBEHOR s eom te rrr 11 Bioremediation work plan UIN EMILE 12 METER 13 Tactics assigiImiellls a a aa A 13 SUPDOMING eoi ue E oap eese ed o p exc er va ena ees 14 Public Safer lnrormallofL coo coe ee agree gece Par beret ds 14 Site Worker 0 14 Biomonitoring plan 15 EE 15 Quality ASSANGE sirieni LR RE DEDE RARE IG e RR 16 Biomonitoring PlamdBesigr s socie edd dee d 16 Monitoring nnne 17 Hm 17 WRG ALC 18 Documentation and reporting 19 AOI OBO Ss 19 Analytical reports aus inen ER
255. ry vehicles vessels Report by team Report to Group Supervisor Initial background readings TWA readings every 15 min TWA readings when exceeding 150 ug m every 5 min Interferences Safety problems QA QC and monitoring problems Report by Group Supervisor Report to the Technical Specialist SSC e Initial background readings e TWA when exceeding 150 ug m Data QA QC and monitoring problems Report by Technical Report to the Unified Command Specialist SSC e TWA consistently exceeding 150 ug m Recommend __ _ ESE _ go Post Monitoring Debrief and lessons learned What went what went wrong e Problems and possible solutions e Capture comments and suggestions Preserve data Download logged data from DataRAM to computer e Collect and review Recorder data logs e Generate report Prepare for next burn Clean recharge restock equipment 46 SMART ISB Module Attachment 5 v 1 2000 3 5 ISB Monitoring Equipment List For each team unless otherwise noted E OoOO oS SoS S Camying shippingcases OO pomi Other instrument PDR and EN VEN NN NNI Computer and cables 1 group Should include downloading software CSCS Recoerdaashees 0 Write in the rain notebooks pens 3 O o GPS aU GPS Extra batteries for GPS
256. s surface collecting agents and biological additives in responding to oil discharges or Satisfy the conditions for trial use in Annex III The FOSC shall arrive at his decision to use chemical countermeasures through the information gathering scheme and decision making process as detailed in Annex II of this document In Zone 1 approved chemical countermeasures may be used by the FOSC without further concurrence or consultation The USCG EPA DOI DOC DE DNREC MDE and VASNR agree that the use of chemical countermeasures are subject to the following general conditions 1 The designated representatives of all affected trustees and potentially affected trustees must be notified in advance of the proposed use of chemical countermeasures Notification can be made by fax phone or e mail to a single contact point in each of the agencies While response to these notifications 1s welcome no confirmation of receipt of the notification or response to the notification is required from any of the agencies notified prior to commencing 3 6 30 00 Region III Dispersants MOU chemical countermeasures application in the pre authorization zones The FOSC shall provide the following information to the extent available plus any other available relevant information Date time and location of the incident Type and amount of oil discharged Area affected Projected area of impact of the oil if not treated Reasons why chemical countermeas
257. s Implementation Plan Platform Type Platform Type Type Transit Speed Transit Speed Amount Gals Application Speed Aircraft Call Sign Location Swath Location POC Coverage Rate POC Phone Number System Pump Rate Phone Number Fax Number Dispersant Payload Fax Number Other Oil Treatable DOR 1 20 Call Sign Spotter Aircraft Dispersant Stock Location Platform Type Type POC Transit Speed Amount Gals Phone Number Aircraft Call Sign Location Fax Number Location POC Platform Type POC Phone Number Transit Speed Phone Number Fax Number Application Speed Fax Number Other Swath Coverage Rate Spotter Aircraft Dispersant Stock System Pump Rate Platform Type Type Transit Speed Amount Gals UU Dispersant Payload Oil Treatable DOR 1 20 Aircraft Call Sign Location Call Sign Location POC Location POC Phone Number POC Phone Number Fax Number Phone Number Fax Number Other Fax Number Platform Type Monitor Platform Staging Area Transit Speed Platform Type Name Application Speed Transit Speed Location Swath Call Sign Loading Ability Coverage Rate Acres s Location Airstrip Pier Space System Pump Rate POC POC Dispersant Payload Phone Number Phone Number Oil Treatable DOR 1 20 100000 Fax Number Fax Number Attachment IV B 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Call Sign Location Po Monitor Platform Staging Area POC Platform Type Name P
258. s manual or its internal implementing procedures Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for their use by the USCG NOAA EPA CDC or the Government of the United States of America 1 2000 INTRODUCTION ort REEL ERR E ees anon es 1 MONITORING DISPERSANT 3 1 BACKGROUND eri eto RR nites 3 2 MONITORING PROCEDURES 4 2 1 Tier I Visual ODServatlons ves zu ti eee 4 2 2 Tier I Fluorometry Tor Efficacy ooi dr e dotes de dy secede 4 2 3 Tier III Additional 07 5 2 4 Mobilizing Monitoring 2 4 6 2 5 Using and Interpreting Monitoring Results 6 2 6 SMART as Part of the ICS 6 2 7 Information Flow and Data 022 7 3 ATTACHMENTS ooo us iu dm UR INR QU 8 3 1 Roles and Responsibilities copre sete ore eck RESET Ve Rupe Na eek een 9 3 2 Command Control and Data 10 3 3 Dispersant Observation General 11 3 4 Dispersant Observation Training
259. s shown to be inadequate infeasible or may cause unacceptable additional impact to sensitive resources and habitats or which may enhance overall cleanup or protection efforts In some cases burn residue may need to be collected and disposed of following a burn If this is the case provisions must be made for collection and disposal of burn residue following the burn Attachment 1 describes factors that may determine whether residue sinks or floats The decision to burn will be made at the Unified Command level with consultation of the land manager owner and a fire ecologist practitioner Burning will be allowed only under the direction of a fire ecologist practitioner Burning will be conducted utilizing safe fire management techniques practical efforts will be made to control and contain the burn and prevent accidental or unplanned ignition of adjacent areas Burning will occur primarily in wetland areas inland waters agricultural lands lands void of vegetation and grasslands Burning will not occur in bottom land hardwood swamps or in forested areas unless otherwise recommended by the fire ecologist the land manager owner and approved by the RRT 9 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan Prior to beginning an in situ burn 1 an on site survey will be conducted to determine if threatened or endangered species are present in the burn area or otherwise at risk from in situ burn operations Appropriate specialists knowledgeable of
260. s to be able to convert this carbon into more biomass they need significantly more nitrogen and phosphorus than 18 normally present in the environment Both of these elements are essential ingredients of protein and nucleic acids of living organisms The main challenge associated with biostimulation in oil contaminated coastal areas or tidally influenced freshwater rivers and streams is maintaining optimal nutrient concentrations in contact with the oil NUTRIENT APPLICATION Effective bioremediation requires nutrients to remain in contact with the oiled material and the concentrations should be sufficient to support the maximal growth rate of the oil degrading bacteria throughout the cleanup operation Because of these requirements bioremediation of open water spills is not considered appropriate or achievable When nutrients are added to a floating slick they will immediately disperse into the water column essentially diluting to levels close to background At such levels rapid conversion of the hydrocarbons to biomass CO and other innocuous end products would not be supported readily WORKING DRAFT 6 00 Marine Environments With respect to the marine environment contamination of coastal areas by oil from offshore spills usually occurs in the intertidal zone where the washout of dissolved nutrients can be extremely rapid Oleophilic and slow release formulations have been developed to maintain nutrients in contact with the oil
261. scue response In all cases appropriate safety and flotation equipment should be worn Keep in mind that in time of emergency you will not have time to put on your flotation vest or grab the emergency locator You better have it on you at all times while in flight HELICOPTER SAFETY BEFORE YOU BOARD Notification Notify the person in charge OSC XO flight ops SSC etc of the flight purpose destination and estimated time of return Safety brief Make sure that you and the other passengers get a thorough safety briefing before you fly It should include general information about the flight safety features and how to use them and emergency procedures Don t forget to take a good look at the aircraft Rusty rotor blades or improvised repairs may be an indication of poor maintenance If you are not satisfied with what you see or hear get another aircraft or pilot Safety gear Prepare your personal safety gear NOMEX suit flotation vest emergency locator etc and make sure it works Make sure you wear your safety gear flotation vest survival equipment at all times while in flight You will have no time to put it on in time of emergency Attachment IV K 9 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Brief the pilot The team leader should brief the pilot on mission details Where you want to fly preferred altitude landing site number of people the purpose of the mission route estimated weight of peo
262. se Phases provides for identification of individuals responsible for initial implementation of those phases and refers these individuals to specific plan pages for implementation guidance The sequence and or concurrent implementation of the following phases will vary with the circumstances of the incident as directed by the Federal On Scene Coordinator Unified Command Table 1 DOIP Checklist and Roadmap 5 m FPE DOIP N Dispersant Response Phase 1 Initial Responsibility SUE USCG MSO Duty Section I Perform Notifications Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page SSC II Determine Dispersant Applicability Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page SSC Planning amp FOSC Obtain Approval for Dispersant Use Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page SSC amp USCG MSO Planni Develop Incident Specific Dispersant SSC amp USCG MSO Planning IV Operations Plan Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page USCG MSO Logistics V Mobilize Dispersant Resources Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page Implement Dispersant Operations Plan EE i Incident Specific Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page USCG NSF VII Implement Monitoring Protocol Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page USCG MSO Planning Vill Coor
263. sel or Facility Name Date Time Spill Occurred Location of the Spill LAT LONG LI E Bb Br Amount Type of Oil Spilled Dispersant FLOUROMETRY SAMPLING LI Monitoring Platform Identified Name Location ETD ETA To Spill Site Consider draft water depth weather freeboard range speed transit time and completion of each sortie Take Background Fluorescence Readings Record Transect Readings After the Dispersants are Applied Was an oil dispersant water sample collected Yes No If Yes Label and Record the Following Geographic Location Depth Location Relative to Spilled Oil El Time Attachment VII B 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan LI Notes Why sample was taken Was it typical or unusual Report Information to Monitoring Team Leader DEBRIEF Did the dispersant operation follow the approved plan What problems were encountered What recommendations would you make DISPERSANT GROUP PERSONNEL SHOULD PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO DISPERSANT OPERATION GROUP SUPERVISOR Attachment VII B 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 BIOREMEDIATION PLAN Introduction This section of the Selection Guide provides the decision maker with the means for evaluating detailed information for individual strategies and product categories for use when responding to spilled oil This document presents details on how an operation using bioremediation technol
264. servation Aircraft Vessel Aircraft Vessel Aircraft Vessel nonc n M qa Attachment IV G 1 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV G 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan ICS DISPERSANT USE ORGANIZATIONAL RELATIONSHIPS FOSC or Incident Commanders Unified Command Procurement Unit Support Branch Dispersant Technical Operation Group Specialists Supervisor 74 2525 7 Spotter Aircraft 1 I I Monitoring Aircraft Vessel Cost Time Unit Supply Unit Ground Support Unit Vessel Support Unit Aircraft Vessel Observation Aircraft Vessel NOTES 1 The dotted lines above depict the cross functional relationships between Operations Planning and Logistics to successfully implement dispersant activities 2 Flexibility is paramount during dispersant operations The IC UC may choose to place the Monitoring and Observation Aircraft Vessel s under the guide of the Planning Section Normally monitors and observers pass their information directly to the Technical Specialists located under Planning e g similar to SCAT Teams field observers etc Either scheme will work as long as there exists a strong working reporting relationship between Operations
265. sition as a stakeholder in the outcome of the operation Observers might include corporate officials agency representatives political officials scientists trustees interest group representatives and so forth w The specific duties of the Observation Aircraft Vessel Observers are as follows O O OO Establishes and maintains communications with the Spotter Aircraft Coordinates observation of the dispersant application with the Spotter Aircraft May serve as the Forward Aircraft Controller FAC if directed by the Spotter Aircraft assigned must be the most capable communications platform If assigned as FAC coordinates the use of restricted airspace Manages outside air traffic entering or departing the operations area Use attached Observer Aid Use attached checklists and logs Before operation begins Observation Aircraft should mark slick boundary using GPS Spotter and Observation Aircrews should be knowledgeable with oil observation dispersant observations operations directing spray aircraft and monitoring protocols Need to pre identify training and knowledgeable personnel Attachment IV I 10 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OBSERVER JOB AID Reporting Observations The Observer does not make operational decisions 1 e how much dispersant to apply when or where to apply it etc These decisions are made at the Command level The Observer will
266. software program is necessary to download data from the fluorometer When using a PC access the c prompt then access the Turner IDL file Enter CD Turner IDL then enter IDL_1B1 This will bring up the main menu for downloading data from the fluorometer Choose steps 4 and 5 for downloading The computer is now ready to receive data After downloading data choose steps 8 and 9 to review data and exit the program To erase the data access screen 5 5 and erase the data From the main menu press 5 then 5 and press 9 five times Figure 1 Turner Designs continuous flow fluorometer 26 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 9 Fluorometer Maintenance Log Template Fluorometer Date Operator Time Span FS 40 DI Water Reading Fluorescein Reading Desiccant Changed Comments K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K Fluorometer Date Operator Time Span 5 DI Water Reading Fluorescein Reading Desiccant Changed Comments Fluorometer Date Operator Time Span FS 40 DI Water Reading Fluorescein Reading Desiccant Changed Comments K K K K K 27 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 3 11 10 Fluorometer Operational Parameters Prior to D
267. spersant Operations Implementation Plan ATTACHMENT II B CONT Note Need all YES answers before dispersant use 15 acceptable DECISION ELEMENT effectively given the physical environment LI LI 4 Can dispersant application be conducted safely and YES NO Environmental parameters winds less than or equal to 25 knots visibility greater than or equal to 3 miles ceiling greater than or equal to 1000 feet operations during daylight hours only X X S Are sufficient equipment and personnel available to LI E conduct aerial dispersant application operations within the window of opportunity YES NO Note Refer to elements and position descriptions under the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor in the Operations Section Other tools are available to assess this such as the NOAA Dispersant Mission Planner 6 Has Site Safety Plan for dispersant operations been completed YES NO 7 Is the spill oil to be dispersed within a Pre Approved Zone LI Refer to Section II within the applicable RRT Dispersant Pre Approval Agreement YES NO If the spill oil is NOT in a Pre Approved Zone has approval been granted Submit RRT Documentation Application Form for Dispersant Use to the Incident Specific RRT members with request for approval Dispersant use in non approved areas must be requested by the OSC and approved by EPA and the affected state s after consultation with DOC and DOI Attachment II B 2 WORKING DRAFT
268. spersant Operations Implementation Plan DOIP is intended to provide interim guidance for dispersant operations in the emergency phase of an oil spill response operation Customization and integration into the ACP will result in a more complete and powerful dispersant response tool Much of guidance in this DOIP was extracted from the recently ratified Region IV Dispersants Operations Plan which remains a stand alone document for Region IV Ideally implementation plans will be developed prior to an incident for those technologies that have pre approval like dispersants or those that have been through the ARTES process If a decision is made to use an optional tool and approval is obtained for a product that lacks a previously developed implementation plan an incident specific plan will be developed and added to this section and to the Region III IV database 1 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 2 06 30 00 REGION III Regional Response Team DISPERSANT OPERATIONS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Draft 6 00 This Page Intentionally Left Blank REGION III Regional Response Team DISPERSANT OPERATIONS IMPLEMENTATION PLAN June 30 2000 PREPARED UNDER THE WESTON SATA CONTRACT NO 68853002 TO EPA REGION UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE RRT III SPILL RESPONSE COUNTERMEASURES WORK GROUP AND IN COOPERATION WITH THE NATIONAL RESPONSE TEAM How to use this plan For spill response turn to the next page page 11 for a
269. standard reporting criteria and use of a common set of guidelines is important Use of the NOAA Dispersant Application Observer Job Aid is highly encouraged 3 3 2 2 Oilon the Water e Oil surface slicks and plumes can appear different for many reasons including oil or product characteristics time of day different sun angles weather sea state rate at which oil disperses The use of the NOAA Open Water Oil Identification Job Aid for Aerial Observation is highly recommended Low contrast conditions e g overcast twilight and haze make observations difficult e For best viewing the sun should be behind the observer and with the aircraft at an altitude of about 200 300 feet flying at a 30 degree angle to the slick 3 3 2 3 Dispersant Applications e During dispersant application it may be impossible to determine the actual area of thickest oil concentrations resulting in variable oil dispersant application rates This could lead to variations in the effectiveness of application The observer should report these conditions Initial applications may have a herding effect on the oil This would cause the slick to appear to be shrinking when in fact it is the dispersant pushing the oil together Due to this effect in some cases the oil slick may even disappear from the sea surface for a short time e After dispersant application there may be color changes in the emulsified slick due to reduction in water con
270. stics section Further discussion of these issues is beyond the scope of this DOIP F Identify Resource Requirements Table I 2 Notifications provides a system level list of potential resource requirements with sources contacts information and a means of documenting notification and mobilization date time and ETA It should be expected that members of the dispersant operations team will have their own personnel equipment and material checklists This assumption should be validated by the FOSC and Area Committee in pre incident planning tabletop exercises etc and detailed checklists included in the Area Plan as required Region IV s Dispersant Application Logistics and Support Checklist is provided in attachment IV J as a reference IV 5 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan G Ensure Dispersant Operations Safety Under the Incident Command System there is a single Safety Officer responsible directly to the Incident Commander Unified Command for response site safety The Safety Officer is responsible for development of an incident specific Site Safety Plan that addresses all pertinent site safety issues including dispersant operations safety The Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS and all members of the dispersant Operations Group will comply with the Site Safety Plan and ensure that all dispersant operations personnel receive proper safety briefings on the hazards to be anticipated r
271. stream with a small metering pump A treatment rate of about 5 gallons per acre is recommended The concentration of chemical required must be calculated from the pump capacity the boom swath width the boat speed and possibly the thickness of the slick or the amount of oil to be treated over a given area Unless land areas are immediately threatened neither agitation nor chemical concentration should necessarily be increased simply to cause rapid disappearance of the oil Nozzles for spray booms Attachment IV K 15 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan should produce droplets not a fog or mist in a uniform flat spray pattern Atomizing nozzles are not recommended 2 Concentration Application Rate During boat application using an eductor or metering pump for chemical addition COREXIT 9527 will usually be added to the sea water stream to give a concentration of 3 to 10 depending on the factors given in part 1 of this section For slicks formed by more viscous crude or petroleum products a hydrocarbon based kerosene or other aliphatic solvent dispersant is required In such a case one part of COREXIT 9527 may be diluted with 5 or more parts of solvent The required dosage of COREXIT 9527 is usually 3 to 7 gallons per acre regardless of the method of application Undiluted dispersant is always used in aerial spraying 3 Conditions for Use COREXIT 9527 is not recommended for use on spills o
272. t For Each Sortie SORTIE Total Amount of Dispersant Used Time Dispersant Application Began Time Dispersant Application Ended Number of Passes Per Sortie Attachment IV D 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT OPERATION FEMME CHECKLIST Completed or used by all nnal within D G OBSERVATIONS What happened when the dispersant contacted the spill Describe any apparent change in visible concentration color etc Did the oil reappear after the application Refer to Observer s Log DEBRIEF To be facilitated by the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor with input from dispersant group elements Did the dispersant operation follow the approved Dispersant Operations Plan DISPERSANT GROUP PERSONNEL SHOULD PROVIDE FEEDBACK TO THE DISPERSANT OPERATION GROUP SUPERVISOR Attachment IV D 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank Attachment IV D 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan RRT Ill VAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVA VA VAVA VA VAVA VAVA VAVA VAVA 1 AJADA JAM AAAA AAAA AAMA ANM ANA NO SHOWNOSAY IV10J VAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAVAA vvv EE E 15 SV AYAL snis HdAL AU 532810584 Gsivdibld SINLL I3HHS4HOM 4 dohisd 4 c ALV 1
273. t Observation Team VIII2 Leader Determine Support Requirements ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Dispersant Observation Team 2 Leader Ensure Observer Safety ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Dispersant Observation Team 2 Leader Ensure Adequate Communications ACP Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Dispersant Observation Team 2 Coordinate Observer Program within Leader Dispersant Operations Group ME Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment VIII Coordinate Dispersant Observer Program Table of Contents Page A Introd o COfRa oes oS De ate a a VIII 1 B Determine Observer Program Requirements sse VIII 2 Determine Support Requirements 2 Ensure Observer Safety cats aseo reet Ee ts qa e ero opea i e eres VIII 2 E Ensure Adequate Communications i scence aden oe es ir uda VIII 2 F Coordinate Observer Program within Dispersant Operations Group VIII 2 Table VIII 1 Dispersant Observer Program Checklist and Roadmap VIII 1 A Introduction State and Federal Resource Trustees and other Stakeholders may wish to assign representatives to observe the effectiveness of dispersant operations independent of the assigned Monitoring Team Observer status should be authorized by the Unified Command and their participation controlled
274. t for the rotor to stop spinning and only then exit the aircraft Water ditching LI Helicopters are top heavy and may invert when landing on water This may complicate egress and cause disorientation It is imperative that you locate a reference point to guide you out 5 In case of water ditching you should LI Find a reference point and hold on to it LI Hold your breath upon contact with water Wait 5 8 seconds after the helicopter has submerged or until rotor movement stops then release your seat belt LI Using the reference point move to the exit open it if needed and exit LI Inflate the flotation vest only after you are outside the helicopter Inflating it inside will inhibit your movement LI Stay near the aircraft Do not use distress flares if oil or fuel are present Using common sense and following some basic safety procedures should help you fly safely in helicopters If you notice safety violations don t hesitate to report them even if on your flight everything turned out OK in the end Similar violations may cause an accident in the future Attachment IV K 12 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan SAFE APPROACH TO A HELICOPTER SAFEST TO APPROACH FROM THIS DIRECTION PILOT IN COMMAND CAN 3 SEE YOU DANGER DANGER PILOT OR CREW MEMBERS CAN PILOT CAN NOT SEE YOU NOT SEE YOU APPROACH FROM HERE IF SIGNALED BY A CREW MEMBER lt
275. t is critical for dispersant application to be successful Il 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT III Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Start Here Definitions on next page YES NO YES NO YES approval policy Figure II 1 Dispersant Applicability decision tree Il 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill 1 Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Table II 2 Definitions Operational Monitoring a k a effectiveness monitoring is defined by Pond et al 1997 as monitoring that provides qualitative information through visual observations or other specified method by trained personnel in real time during the actual response to influence operational decision making Effects monitoring a k a long term data gathering is defined as data that provides quantitative information on the use of a product and the real effects following a spill to influence planning and future research Pond et al 1997 The longer time weeks or even months involved with obtaining results from effects monitoring dictates that sampling should not be used to influence incident specific decision making However response and trustee agencies should begin gathering effects monitoring data as soon as practicable Effects monitoring information collection is a long term process and the results are typically not available in real time to affect decision making During a response operational personnel need to be able to ens
276. table Figure 3 Screen depiction of the 1 point calibration and reading range 23 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 11 v 1 2000 Note represents approximate values The high scale should be around 1000 raw The medium and low scales are variable and will adjust to the high value Adjust the span using the up and down arrows until the FS reading for the High range is near 1000 RAW or slightly greater Allow the instrument to stabilize The lower left TC value will read 8 when stable Press lt gt and wait 15 seconds The instrument will indicate when complete Then press lt ESC gt to save changes Note lt ESC gt must be pressed first to save otherwise values will be aborted Return to the Home screen The reading should be 300 RAW Drain all liquid 3 11 3 4 Checking Blank Using the syringe port fill the cell with 180 ml de ionized water drain and refill Readings should be near RAW on the fluorometer screen If the reading is greater than 1 RAW see section 7 for cleaning procedures Recheck with de ionized water Record final readings 3 11 4 Field Operations 3 11 4 1 Purge old data From the Home screen press lt ENT gt lt 5 gt lt 5 gt and follow the instructions by pressing five times The instrument will indicate data erased Note data logger must be set to STOP prior to erasing 3 11 4 2 Check logging parameters From the Home sc
277. tent and viscosity and changes in the shape of the slick due to the de emulsification action of the dispersant e Many trials have indicated that dispersants apparently modify the spreading rates of oils and within a few hours treated slicks cover much larger areas than control slicks 3 3 2 4 Effective Ineffective Applications e Dispersed oil plume formation may not be instantaneous after dispersant application In some cases such as when the oil is emulsified it can take several hours dispersed oil plume may not form at all 11 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 3 v 1 2000 appearance of the dispersed plume can range from brown to white cloudy to no visible underwater plume this is why Tier II may be necessary Sometimes other things such as suspended solids may resemble dispersed oil e visibility of the dispersed plume will vary according to water clarity In some cases remaining surface oil and sheen may mask oil dispersing under the slick and thus interfere with observations of the dispersed oil plume Dispersed oil plumes are often highly irregular in shape and non uniform in concentration This may lead to errors in estimating dispersant efficiency fa visible cloud in the water column is observed the dispersant is working If a visible cloud in the water column is not observed it is difficult to determine whether the dispersant is working If there are differences the app
278. that other members of the response community will be notified via an existing notifications list e g FOSC General Staff Command Staff EPA resource trustees etc Date Time Last Updated Name Signature Note IMMEDIATE ACTION These personnel will be immediately activated mobilized to carry out assigned responsibilities Notification Responsibilities One DOGS and one NOAA representative will be immediately notified by the Duty Section Position Date Time Avail Date Time ETA Responder Contact Location and Notified able Mobilized Date Time Category Name Numbers Email Address Dispersant 06 i Home Operations Group Hotel Cell Supervisor Caller initials Y N Office Home Alternate DOGS Hotel Cell Caller initials Y N SORA 150289972320 USCG Training Center NOAA SSC Gary Hote E Hamilton Hall VA MD NC Cell Yorktown VA 23690 Caller initials Y N Per Email gott noaa gov Office 206 526 6949 NOAA SSC Coordinator NOAA Hazmat Home 7600 Sand Point Way Cdr Jim Morris Hotel Seattle WA 98115 Alternate SSC Cell Email Jim Morris a Per hazmat noaa gov 7 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan TABLE 1 3 NOTIFICATIONS CONT IMMEDIATE ACTION cont Notification Responsibilities The following will be immediately notified by the Duty
279. the RRT or the Area Committees as a restricted zone No in situ burning operations will be conducted in an R zone unless 1 in situ burning is necessary to prevent a clear immediate and extreme risk to human health or safety or 2 an emergency modification of this agreement is made on an incident specific basis PROTOCOLS As attested by the signatures set forth at the end of this document the USCG EPA DOI DOC NOAA DNREC MDE and DEQ agree that the predesignated FOSC has the authority and may order the use of in situ burning on oil discharges using the guidelines found in Subpart J and Appendix M of the Region III RCP and Annex G of the COTPs ACPs subject to the following conditions 1 The decision to use in situ burning on a discharge of oil in accordance with this Agreement rests solely with the pre designated USCG FOSC This responsibility may not be delegated 3 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU 2 The FOSC may authorize the use of in situ burning on a discharge of oil to prevent or substantially reduce the hazard to human life without obtaining concurrences from EPA or the affected states without following protocols established in this MOU and without following the guidelines in the RCP and ACPs If in situ burning is used in this manner RRT notifications shall be made as soon as practicable Once the risk to human life has subsided these exceptions no longer apply The following protocols assume that risk to human life
280. the Region III Regional Response Team RRT This document will be incorporated into Subpart J of the Regional Contingency Plan RCP and appropriate Area Contingency Plans ACP AUTHORITY Subpart J of the NCP specifies that RRT s shall address as part of their planning activities the desirability of using appropriate burn agents and that RCP s shall as appropriate include applicable preauthorization plans and address the specific contexts in which such products should and should not be used Subpart J also provides that the FOSC with the concurrence of the EPA representative to the RRT and the States with jurisdiction over the navigable waters threatened by the oil discharge and in consultation with the Department of Commerece National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration DOC NOAA and Department of Interior DOI natural resource trustees may authorize the use of burning agents on a case by case basis Commandant United States Coast Guard has pre designated the USCG Captains Of The Port COTPs as the FOSCS for coastal oil discharges as defined in 33 CFR Part 3 and 1 6 30 00 Region III In situ Burn MOU subject to joint response boundary agreements with EPA and has delegated to the COTP the authority and responsibility for compliance with the FWPCA and its amendments The Governor of the State of Delaware has designated the Secretary of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control DNREC the authority
281. ther known sources Average Emission Comparable Factor for NOBE Emission Rate Emissions from Substance g kg fuel burned kg hr Other Known Sources C02 2 800 75 600 approx 2 acre slash burn approx 0 la slash CO 17 5 470 burn or 1 400 wood stoves 7400 kg hr avg S02 15 405 coal fired power plant approx 9 acre slash Total smoke particle 150 4 050 burn or 58 000 wood stoves Sub 3 5 micro meter approx 9 acre slash smoke particle 3 3 050 burn Sub 3 5 micro meter 55 1 480 approx 38 acre slash soot burn Approx 7 acre slash PAHs 0 04 1 1 burn or 1 800 wood stoves 15 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Plan This page intentionally left blank 16 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT REGION IV INLAND ISB EVALUATION AND RESPONSE CHECKLIST In a spirit of collaboration between the two regions Region IV has provided this plan as a starting point for Region III s use it is included without revision awaiting Region review and comment STEP 1 EVALUATING THE NEED FOR BURNING Nature Size and Type of Product Spilled A Name of incident B Date and time of incident Type of Incident _ Grounding __ Transfer Operations Explosion _ Vehicle Acciden Blowout Pipeline Oth D Did source burn Yes _ Is source still burning Yes _ 3 e schools hospitals recreation afeas surface M intakes publie wells etc G Product s release
282. ther vessels aircraft or ground stations as required Appropriate call signs and assigned frequencies should be in accordance with the incident Communication Plan Communication between the observer aircraft and or vessel with the Forward Air Controller normally in the Spotter Aircraft per the Region IV recommended organization is a critical safety consideration F Coordinate Observer Program within Dispersant Operations Group The Dispersant Observation Team Leader is responsible for ensuring that observer activities are conducted in accordance with the incident specific Dispersant Operations Plan and the direction of the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor VIII 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan IX DEMOBILIZE DISPERSANT RESOURCES Table IX 1 Demobilization Checklist and Roadmap 4 v um DOIP N Required Action Initial Responsibility Page Dispersant Operations Group S IX 1 Te upervisor Personnel Demobilization Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Dispersant Operations Group S IX 2 upervisor Equipment Demobilization Page Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment VIII Dispersant Operations Demobilization Table of Contents Page A FANE OC OT enano td et IX 1 B Personnel IX 1 Equi
283. they may need When there is a fire onboard a vessel it is most important to let someone else know IMMEDIATELY YOU MUST sound the appropriate fire signal if fire can not be put out quickly Radio in for help use distress signals K COMMUNICATION 1 Hand Signals THUMBS UP I m OK I agree THUMBS DOWN don t agree HANDS ACROSS THROAT out of air trouble breathing GRAB HAND ARM come with me HANDS ON HEAD I need assistance Repeated short blasts from a hand held fog horn shall be used to indicate a fire emergency Attachment IV K 5 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan 2 Radio Communication Working freq chnl VHF UHF CB OTHER Emergency freq chnl VHF UHF CB OTHER freq chnl VHF UHF CB OTHER 3 Phone Communication On Scene Coordinator voice fax cellular pager home voice fax cellular pager home Site Safety and Health Officer voice fax cellular pager home voice fax cellular pager home Agency for Toxic Substance and Disease Registry ATSDR 404 639 0615 24 hr voice 0655 fax Case officer ATSDR can provide emergency medical and toxicological information assist in determining procedures for potential chemical overexposures and can provide on scene assistance for certain chemical emergencies Police voice fax cellular pager home Fire voice fax cellular pager h
284. this analysis Information with respect to the volume of oil spilled and the area of the slick as well as other variables may be difficult to determine early in the response and estimates will likely change many times in the early hours and even days of the IV 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan response For very large spills large fixed wing aircraft are indicated but this does not preclude initiating dispersant operations with locally or regionally available vessel helicopter or small fixed wing aircraft systems pending the arrival of the larger aircraft system s Early involvement of all members of the dispersant operations group including contracted dispersant and service providers in the pre incident and incident specific planning process 18 critical to successful operations The following attachments repeated here from page IV 1 may be useful tools for determining requirements and detailed dispersant mission planning Aerial Coverage Rates for Selected Spill Attach IV A Region III Dispersant Application Operational Capability Form Attach IV B See sample spreadsheet printout and computer disk Region IV Dispersant Application Platform Capability Decision Matrix Attach IV C Region IV Dispersant Operation Plan Checklist sees Attach IV D Operational Planning Worksheet ICS 2
285. tion Both teams stay at the sensitive location moving only to improve sampling capabilities A third team is more mobile and deploys at the discretion of the Group Supervisor It should be emphasized that while visual observation is conducted continuously as long as the burn takes place air sampling using SMART is not required if there is no potential for human exposure to the smoke monitor A monitor monitor Figure 1 Possible locations of monitors not to scale 50 SMART ISB Module Attachment 8 v 1 2000 3 8 ISB Monitoring Recorder Sheet Date General Location General information Weather information Recorder name Operator name Wind direction Vehicle vessel Wind speed DataRam Relative humidity Burn Calibration factors Comments should include location of the smoke plume relative to the instrument interfering particulate sources any malfunction of the instrument Time GPS reading Particulates Comments amp observations concentration Jat Inst long IWA 51 SMART ISB Module Attachment 9 v 1 2000 3 9 1 5 Monitoring Data Sample Graph The graph below represents field monitoring data from a test burn smoke plume near Mobile Alabama on September 25 1997 after the data were downloaded from the instrument The graph Figure 1 portrays the differences between the transient instantaneous readings Conc and the time weighted av
286. tion Determine Cleanup Endpoints and Time lines Obtain RRT Approval YES Characterize impacted areas amp identify bioremediation approach Bioremediation authorized as FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT CRITERIA Assessing the feasibility of bioremediation is basically a two stage process The first stage determines whether a particular spill is a candidate for bioremediation treatment The second stage determines whether bioremediation can be implemented effectively given the logistics of application and monitoring Incident Characteristics The characteristics of a spill incident provide indications of the extent to which bioremediation treatment will be safe and effective against the contaminant spilled in a particular location To aid in assessing bioremediation as a response option in several different habitats bioremediation advisability information has been provided in the following sections The matrix provides general guidelines regarding the advised use of bioremediation in different habitats based primarily on concerns for preserving habitats and minimizing harm to the indigenous flora and fauna Characteristics of Spilled Oil The possibility and practicality of using bioremediation against the type of oil or petroleum product spilled should also be evaluated That is the extent to which the remaining chemical constituents of the spilled oil which characterize that oil are expected to be biodegradable needs to be assessed b
287. tion describes the various types of bioremediation agents a procedure for evaluating them and guidelines for selecting the appropriate agent for use in a particular spill situation Background Section 311 of the Clean Water Act requires that the US Environmental Protection Agency EPA prepare a schedule of dispersants and other chemicals that may be used in preparing for and responding to discharges of oil and releases of hazardous substances as provided for in the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan NCP 40 CFR Part 300 This schedule is known as the NCP Product Schedule The Schedule lists agents that may be authorized for use on oil discharges in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 300 910 of the NCP Authorization of use requires that the Federal On Scene Coordinator OSC considering the use of a dispersant or other agent such as a biodegradation enhancing agent seek the concurrence of the Regional Response Team prior to the agent s application Any agent considered for application to an oil spill should be listed on the NCP Product Schedule The NCP Product Schedule currently divides chemical and biological agents into five categories dispersants surface collecting agents biological additives burning agents and miscellaneous oil spill control agents USE ad Most bioremediation agents including those that are solely nutrients are listed as biological addit
288. tion of petroleum in sea water Limitation by nitrogen and phosphorous Biotech Bioeng 14 309 318 2 Mulkins Phillips G J and J E Stewart 1974 Distribution of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria in northwestern Atlantic waters and coastal sediments Can J Microbiol 20 955 962 3 Roubal G and R M Atlas 1978 Distribution of hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms and hydrocarbon biodegradation potentials in Alaskan continental shelf areas Appl Environ Microbiol 35 897 905 4 Atlas R M 1981 Microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons an environmental perspective Microbiological Rev 45 180 209 5 Jobson A M M McLaughlin F D Cook and D W S Westlake 1974 Appl Microbiol 27 166 171 6 Westlake D W S A M Jobson and F D Cook Canad J Microbiol 24 245 260 10 11 12 13 NRT Bioremediation Fact Sheet Lee K and E M Levy 1987 Proc 1987 International Oil Spill Conference American Petroleum Institute Washington D C Lee K G H Tremblay J Gauthier S E Cobanli and M Griffin 1997 Bioaugmentation and biostimulation A paradox between laboratory and field results pp 697 705 In Proceedings 1997 International Oil Spill Conference American Petroleum Institute Washington DC Tagger S A Bianchi M Juillard J LePetit and B Roux 1983 Effect of microbial seeding of crude oil in seawater in a model system Mar Biol 78 13 20 Lee K and E M Levy 1989 Enhan
289. tions and neighboring areas that could potentially be impacted by bioremediation activities Be prepared to discuss details regarding the chosen treatment technique in simple lay terms so the affected public will have an understanding of exactly what to expect and what the expected benefits are Site Worker Safety Worker health and safety is always the foremost concern during any spill response action Since all oil spill response actions require a health and safety plan and the bioremediation application is merely a facet of the total spill response effort the existing heath and safety plan should be used for the bioremediation application and augmented with the specific safety hazards associated with the bioremediation treatment method or agent application A section referred to as biological hazards should be included in all health and safety plans associated with oil spill responses where biological agents are used as a response tool This section should discuss the specific health and safety concerns associated with possible exposure to biological agents and include material safety data sheets MSDS for all agents being used At a minimum the health and safety plan should address the following aspects of the bioremediation treatment method monitoring program minimum health and safety concerns potential hazards during application and monitoring evaluations of those identified hazards actions described to minimize the potential hazards
290. to specify procedures for ensuring the quality of data generated through the monitoring program and for providing sufficient resources for QA of collected data Biomonitoring Plan Design Each biomonitoring program in large part will be event site specific however pre event planning and standardization of collection analysis methods is encouraged The design of the biomonitoring program is two fold 1 to document any impact to water quality which might result from the treatment or application and 2 to provide for the evaluation of the effectiveness of the treatment method or applied agent s Conducting biomonitoring does not preclude the OSC RP from conducting any other required monitoring associated with the spill event Project planning and site reconnaissance are essential activities conducted prior to the design of the biomonitoring plan The OSC RP may wish to refer to the area contingency plan ACP for existing shoreline or site assessment procedures developed 16 by the area committees The purpose of site reconnaissance activities are to gather information sufficient to YW 2 Determine that the objectives of the biomonitoring plan are consistent with the features of the site selected for application Identify the type and quantity of existing historical water quality data for the area selected for the application such as nutrient loading trends and physical water parameters Define the geographic area of the spill t
291. treat certain aerobic oil contaminated environments Typically it is used as a polishing step after conventional mechanical cleanup options have been applied It is a relatively slow process requiring weeks to months to effect cleanup If done properly it can be very cost effective although an in depth economic analysis has not been conducted to date It has the advantage that the toxic hydrocarbon compounds are destroyed rather than simply moved to another environment The biggest challenge facing the responder is maintaining the proper conditions for maximal biodegradation to take place 1 maintaining sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the pore water at all times 5 10 mg N L Based on solid evidence from the literature it appears that addition of exogenous cultures of microorganisms will not enhance the process more than simple nutrient addition Bioremediation is not considered a primary response tool although it could be so used if the spilled oil does not exist as free product and if the area is remote enough not to require immediate cleanup to satisfy a tourism industry If the affected environment is a high energy shoreline bioremediation will be less likely effective than on a lower energy shoreline Application of dry granular fertilizer to the impact zone is probably the most cost effective way to control nutrient concentrations REFERENCES 1 Altas R M and R Bartha 1972 Degradation and mineraliza
292. tructed with respect to proper notification procedures including what to say and what not to say particularly 1 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan to prospective contractors The F amp A Section Chief should assist in the designation and training of personnel authorized to activate contractors Distribution During a response the FOSC duty section or other assigned callers should make copies of this form documenting initial calls made and provide copies to the SSC the Dispersant Operations Group Supervisor DOGS and other designated follow up callers Copies of completed forms from all callers should be forwarded to the Documentation Unit Leader in the Planning Section Instructions During a response designated callers make assigned notifications and document date time and result individual contacted available mobilized ETA in the spaces provided This form should be initially customized for each ACP and points of contact and phone numbers validated or updated at least annually I 3 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan This Page Intentionally Left Blank l 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan Incident Name Information as of INCIDENT INFORMATION Date Time NAME OF PERSON REPORTING THE INCIDENT Call Back Number s of person reporting the incident VESSEL FACILITY INFORMATION AND POINTS OF CONTACT Vessel Fac
293. tude and longitude coordinates of the four corners corresponding to any observed dispersed oil plume The post application transect is identical to the pre application transect If no plume is observed the sampling vessel samples the same transect used for pre application PRE APPLICATION POST APPLICATION Sampling S li vessel transect aiar itar Y Untreated oll Oil drift 4 gt Lo Coordinates HERE Coordinates Figure 2 The box coordinates Method 3 12 3 2 Davis Drifter Method Two Davis type drifters Figure 3 set to one meter are consecutively deployed over time by the sampling boat at the same location to estimate the speed and direction of dispersed oil 30 SMART Dispersant Module Attachment 12 v 1 2000 movement For this portion of the operation the sampling boat must have LORAN or GPS navigation capability meter Figure 3 Davis Type Drifter set for one meter depth Before dispersant application the sampling boat is stationed upwind of the test application area and the spotter aircraft deploys a smoke marker to mark the beginning of the area to be treated with dispersant This position is recorded by GPS or LORAN instruments Figure 4 ania Sampling vessel Area Untreated to be surface treated slick with dispersants Smoke marker deployed from aircraft Figure 4 Position of sampling boat before dispersant application After
294. type and volume of spilled oil on scene weather resources at risk etc the Plan is adjusted accordingly and ultimately incorporated into the initial Incident Action Plan IAP On the other hand for dispersant operations to be effective much of the Dispersant Operations Plan may have to be implemented in the emergency phase prior to approval of the initial IAP In addition it may be necessary to initiate two or more of the Table IV 1 Required Actions simultaneously in order to implement the dispersant plan within the dispersant effectiveness window While retaining overall responsibility for dispersant operations the DOGS may use Table IV 1 to delegate responsibility for individual Required Actions to allow simultaneous implementation The DOGS and other key members of the Group will have to be intimately familiar the generic Plan and with the potential spill scenarios for their area as identified in the scenarios should include consideration of the crude and or refined oils stored or transported in the area prevailing winds and currents resources at risk available dispersant resources etc When a spill 2 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan occurs and the decision to apply dispersants has been made key Dispersant Operations Group personnel relying on their knowledge of the generic Plan will be prepared to immediately implement assigned roles and responsibilities Because key members
295. under the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan Protocols are also needed to serve as guidelines for assisting or overseeing industry s monitoring efforts during spills In November 1997 a workgroup consisting of Federal oil spill scientists and responders from the U S Coast Guard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration the U S Environmental Protection Agency and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened in Mobile Alabama to draft guidelines for generating this protocol The workgroup built upon currently available programs and procedures mainly the Special Response Operations Monitoring Program SROMP developed in 1994 and lessons learned during spill responses and drills The result of this collaboration is the Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies SMART program SMART establishes a monitoring system for rapid collection and reporting of real time scientifically based information in order to assist the Unified Command with decision making during in situ burning or dispersant operations SMART recommends monitoring methods equipment personnel training and command and control procedures that strike a balance between the operational demand for rapid response and the Unified Command s need for feedback from the field in order to make informed decisions SMART is not limited to oil spills It can be adapted to hazardous substance responses where particulates air emissi
296. uorometer readings every five minutes Record relevant observations Conduct water sampling Collect water samples post fluorometer in see attachment certified clean amber bottles for lab analysis Conduct photo and video Document relevant images e g monitoring documentation procedures slick appearance evidence of dispersed oil Conduct quality assurance Instrument response acceptable and control Check standards current Control sampling done at oil free and at untreated locations Water samples in bottles taken for lab analysis Date and time corrected and verified Any interfering factors 19 SMART Dispersants Module Attachment 9 v 1 2000 Report by Teams Report to Group Supervisor General observation e g dispersed oil visually apparent Background readings Untreated oil readings Treated oil readings Report by Group Report to Technical Specialist Supervisor General observation Background readings Untreated oil readings Treated oil readings Report by Technical Report to Unified Command Specialist SSC Dispersant effectiveness Recommendation to continue or re evaluate use of dispersant Post monitoring Conduct debrief What went right what went wrong Problems and possible solutions Capture comments and suggestions Preserve data e Send water samples to the lab Download logged data from fluorometer to computer Collect and review Recorder data l
297. ure the success of a response technique and in particular be able to direct redirect or discontinue the use of the response technique Operational monitoring could be as simple as visually monitoring the effectiveness of a particular boom Is it placed correctly Is it functioning as expected Is there any oil remaining to be captured with the particular boom Or as complete as using Tier 3 Special Monitoring of Applied Response Technologies SMART protocols for dispersant use or in situ burn monitoring Il 4 WORKING DRAFT 6 00 RRT Ill Dispersant Operations Implementation Plan DISPERSANT USE APPROVAL Table III 1 Approval Checklist and Roadmap DOIP Requi Acti Initial R ibili N equired Action nitial Responsibility Page NOAA SSC Alternate Determine Pre Approval Status For proposed app lication areas Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page NOAA SSC Alternate Advise FOSC Pre approved or need for app lication Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment ACP Page Coordinate with EPA amp Trustees NOAA SSC Alternate Advise of FOSC intention to disperse or request approval for non pre approved Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page 4 areas NOAA SSC Alternate Initiate Application for Approval As required Name Watch Quarter amp Station Bill Assignment Page FOSC Approve Dispersant
298. ures have been selected including resources at risk and a net environmental cost benefit analysis which addresses to the maximum extent possible under the circumstances trade offs for use and non use of chemical countermeasures in accordance with Annex Il Type of chemical countermeasure to be used Application method rate and amount On scene weather observations Forecast weather conditions for the next 24 to 72 hours Human health issues and or impacts of exposure and effects of the oil and or countermeasure The use of chemical countermeasures may be considered by the FOSC only when such use is expected to prevent or minimize a substantial threat to public health or welfare to prevent serious environmental harm or on small 50 barrels or less spills of opportunity in Zones A 2 and 3 and spills of any size in Zone 1 where the threat to sensitive natural resources is minimal and the conditions are less suitable to physical mechanical removal This will be done to further our knowledge and experience of oil countermeasure behavior Any deployment of chemical countermeasures must be in accordance with a Unified Command approved countermeasure implementation plan submitted by the requesting party A chemical countermeasures implementation plan submitted by the party proposing to use a chemical countermeasure briefly describes the chemical countermeasure proposed for use quantity application rate application equipment and personn
299. us areas e g towns recreational use areasyairports strips roads day care centers schools hospitals etc B Populations of special concern L1 Schools O Hospitals O Retirement communitie F Are additional pollutants present in the smoke plum Yes No If yes what are the projfcted concentrations to human habitation areas Consultation with local air and health authorities may be necessary G Will the anticipated smoke plume disperse before reaching populated areas Yes 23 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT Determination of Acceptability A Does the estimated smoke plume impact a populated area with particulate concentrations averaged over one hour exceeding 150 ug m3 Yes If No Burning is Acceptable proceed to Step 4 If Yes continue with B population is protected proceed to Step burning D Burn extinguishi 1 1 Em T e Public Notifications Public notification eg radio broadcast ty public safety zone broad to mariners road closure etc implemented 24 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT Unified Command Request to the RRT For In situ Burning Additional conditions that apply Yes Attached Signature of Federal On Scene Coordinator Signature of State On Scene Coordinator Does Land O 25 6 30 00 Region IV Inland ISB Checklist DRAFT RRT Decision Regarding In situ Burning A _ Do not con
300. ust 1999 December 1999 and April 2000 revisions Accessible from the USEPA website www epa gov oilspill or by calling 202 260 2342 or 703 603 9918 Walker A H J Michel G Canevari J Kucklick D Scholz C A Benson E Overton and B Shane 1993 Chemical Oil Spill Treating Agents Marine Spill Response Corporation Washington DC MSRC Technical Report Series 93 015 328 p Harless Performance Guild Inc 1995 Human Performance Technology Newnan GA Any additional reference materials specific to a product technology category are provided at the conclusion of each document represented within each tab ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge the following individuals who took part in the April 17 21 2000 Job Aids Workshop in Yorktown VA as part of the Selection Guide Development Committee These participants representing the various levels of oil spill response decision making came together and revised the document to address the needs of all decision makers The Development Committee Participants included Tom Brennan Roy F Weston SATA Contractor Gary Ott NOAA SSC Pete Buckman BP Amoco Refinery Yorktown VA Janet Queisser VA Dept Environ Quality Dan Chadwick USEPA OECA Bill Robberson USEPA Region 9 CDR Paul Gugg USCG Gulf Strike Team Debbie Scholz SEA Inc SATA Contractor Eric Mosher USCG District 7 Fred Stroud USEPA OSC Region IV MST2 Michael Moss USCG MSO Hampton Roads Ann Hay
301. uthorization Form shall be transmitted to the affected State s EPA Region 4 the appropriate USCG District and the Federal Trustees for concurrence and consultation with the decision If applicable the appropriate Federal Land Manager e g DOI should also be notified If use of bioremediation in the spill area has been pre approved or pre 11 authorized by RRT 4 this concurrence is not necessary However the OSC must still notify RRT 4 of the decision to use bioremediation In the event RRT 4 pre authorizes an area for the use of bioremediation such areas will be included in the plan by addendum BIOREMEDIATION WORK PLAN Work plans are important to ensure the safe coordinated and well documented implementation of bioremediation Work plans are comprised of systematic procedures and guidelines that clarify and resolve issues such as worker and public safety documentation requirements response personnel roles and responsibilities treatment technique agent application protocols and application control and oversight considerations Complete Work plans must include spill and site specific considerations It is essential in a response that every incident or event be managed according to a plan and bioremediation is no exception The Work plan shall provide A clear statement of objectives and actions A basis for measuring work effectiveness and cost effectiveness A basis for measuring work progress and for providing accountability
302. uthorize the use of chemical countermeasures on oil discharges provided however that such chemical countermeasures are listed on the NCP Product Schedule The U S Environmental Protection Agency EPA has been delegated authority to maintain a schedule of chemical countermeasures that may be authorized for oil discharges in accordance with procedures set forth in Section 300 900 of the NCP Commander Fifth Coast Guard District has pre designated the USCG COTP HR as the FOSC for oil discharges in the COTP HR zone and the USCG COTP PHI as the FOSC for oil discharges in the COTP PHI zone as defined in 33 CFR Part 3 and subject to joint response boundary agreements with EPA and has delegated to each COTP the authority and responsibility for compliance with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act FWPCA The Governor of the State of Delaware has designated the Secretary of the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control DE DNREC the authority and responsibility for providing approval for the use of chemical countermeasures for control of oil spills in or affecting Delaware waters The Governor of the State of Maryland has designated the Secretary of the Department of the Environment MDE the authority and responsibility for providing approval for the use of chemical countermeasures for control of oil spills in or affecting Maryland waters The Governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia has designated the Secretary of Natural Resour
303. veness and toxicity of an agent under conditions that cannot be modeled in standard laboratory methods such as those proposed in Tier 11 of the procedure Microcosm systems that should be considered for simulated field test demonstrations of agents include cobble beaches both marine and fresh water open water both marine and fresh warm and arctic marshes and wetlands both marine and fresh water inland shoreline sandy beaches both marine and fresh water and land soil Beim DIN Tier IV Limited Field Scale Demonstration of the Agent Depending on the results of the simulated field test demonstration in Tier Ill a limited field scale demonstration of a bioremediation agent should be conducted The objectives of this field demonstration are to test the effectiveness and toxicity of the bioremediation agent in actual field tests and to verify the accuracy of Tier Ill laboratory results in predicting field efficacy using the actual field monitoring data obtained The approach for performing these demonstrations is to collect information during active field testing to support an evaluation to confirm the bioremediation agent s estimated environmental safety and efficacy At this time EPA approved protocols for performing limited field scale demonstrations in various settings are still under development Until such protocols become available the guidelines provided in Section 6 for monitoring field applications 34 of bioremediat
304. vity Check THE INSTRUMENT MUST WARM UP 10 to 15 MINUTES FROM POWER UP PRIOR TO CHECK Verify SPAN level at 48 acceptable not 3 11 2 1 SPAN level From the screen press ENT 3 ENT In the lower portion of the screen will be the SPAN level 96 If the SPAN level is not 48 return to the Home screen follow directions 1 1 to reset to the defaults then return to 2 1 to read SPAN level again Return to the Home screen Record readings on page 6 3 11 2 2 Fluorescein reading Using the syringe port on the fluorometer system drain all of the water in the cell and close the drain Inject 60 ml of 90 ppb fluorescein into the cell three times to flush and fill the cell Allow instrument readings to stabilize From the screen press ENT lt 3 gt lt ENT gt The same screen as the SPAN level should appear The full scale FS readout should be as close as possible to 75 of 900 and must be between 65 and 85 of 900 If the full scale readout is not between 65 85 adjust the fluorometer reading by loosening the front panel Allen screw to the left of keypad sensitivity locking screw with an Allen wrench Adjust the sensitivity screw on left panel edge by the On Off switch to read as close as possible to 75 of 900 The screw setting is very sensitive so allow time for the instrument to stabilize Carefully tighten the front Allen screw and recheck the reading repeating if nec
305. ward Walker SEA Inc SATA Contractor William Nick Nichols USEPA Oil Program Linda Ziegler USEPA Region III The authors would also like to gratefully acknowledge the assistance of the following individuals for the development and refinement of this Selection Guide The editors made every effort to respond to all comments received RRT III members RRT IV members William Dahl Exxon Research and Engineering Company Pete Tebeau Marine Research Associates LT Richard Wingrove Assistant SSC NOAA HAZMAT Julie Lott South Carolina DHEC Robert G Pond SOZA and Company Ltd Brad McKitrick SOZA and Company Ltd Gerry Canevari Exxon Research and Engineering Company LCDR Gary Merrick USCG Yorktown Gary Ott NOAA HAZMAT SSC Ray Reid Dierview Technologies Lt Cdr Mike Drieu USCG ii 6 30 00 FRONT COVER PHOTO CREDITS National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Web Page Photo Gallery US Coast Guard Web Page Photo Gallery Hyattsville MD Volunteer Fire Department Web Page Photo Gallery Boise ID Fire Department Web Page Photo Gallery iii 6 30 00 This page intentionally left blank 1 6 30 00 SELECTION GUIDE OVERVIEW Context About The Selection Guide Scope Updates And Website Access The first line of oil spill cleanup operations on surface waters has been and will continue to be mechanical countermeasures such as booms and skimmers However when the limitations of mechanical countermeasures are met
306. y Who will perform specific treatment method or agent s application s X Who will perform monitoring X Who will perform public outreach YW WV 2 IN 2 WN 2 IN YW aN Describe in detail the specific roles and responsibilities of the likely participants RRT federal and state agencies international governments agencies non governmental organizations responsible parties etc in a bioremediation activity in Region 4 The information in this section should coincide with the information presented above on the regional response structure Tactics and assignments Tactical direction includes determining the tactics and operations necessary for the selected strategy and determining and assigning the appropriate resources Resource assignments should be made for each specific work task Such assignments should consists of the kind types and numbers of resources available and needed to achieve the desired outcomes 13 Personnel and logistical support factors must be considered determining tactical operations Lack of logistical support can mean the difference between success and failure in achieving objectives Supporting Material Public Safety Information Public safety is paramount in any bioremediation project The following are some suggested actions which should be taken during a spill response to ensure public awareness and protection Provide news releases and updates to newspapers radio television sta

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