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Rotary Screw Trapping Operations Protocol

1. Chinook Salmon Smolt Index Protocol Smolt Index Life Stage Criteria 1 Yolk sac Fry Newly emerged with visible yolk sac 2 Fry Recently emerged with sac absorbed button up fry Seam along mid ventral line visible Pigmentation undeveloped 3 Parr Seam along mid ventral line not visible Scales firmly set Darkly pigmented with distinct to slightly faded parr marks No to slight silvery coloration 5 Smolt Parr marks highly faded or absent Bright silver or nearly white coloration Scales easily shed deciduous Black trailing edge on caudal fin More slender body 26 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 3 Marking Data Sheet Fish Marking Data Sheet Markin Date Project Location Crew Observers Origin of Stock GPS Lat Long Release Code Mark Applied Holding Temp C Holding DO mg L Start Time End Time Mark Tally each tally _ fish Morts Total Marked Comments Knock down 0 ml __ L Time to sedation min X 2 5 min max exp time Maintenance solution oli 7 Time to sedation min X 2 5 min max exo time Transportation Check Water Temp and DO every 20 min Holding tank temp Air temp C Before C After C Holding tank DO Before mg L After mg L Time Departed Time Arrived holding site Total Trip Time Planting Destination Site GPS Lat Long Site Descrip
2. Fish should be selected randomly for measurement to prevent biases for or against the slow or larger fish in the container Juvenile salmon will also be grouped according to age class sac fry fry parr smolt Each morning the first 25 salmonids of each species in each trap will be randomly sampled These salmonids will be measured for fork length FL to the nearest 1 0 mm and weight to the nearest 0 1 g Fry should not be weighed Figure 8 Diagram showing where to measure because they are too small for an accurate length on a fish without a forked caudal fin measurement and there is a greater risk of injury with smaller fish The first 20 fish of all non salmonid species will be measured for fork length every trap check no need to weigh these other species of fish For species without a forked tail i e sculpins mosquitofish and some bullhead length will be measured laterally along the mid line to the posterior edge of the tail Figure 8 Measure and weigh one fish at a time Hands dipnets and measuring boards should always be wet with river water before coming in contact with fish Weight measurements should be the final step in the sampling process to allow for expulsion of retained water ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol V Daily Procedures A Trap Safety Good communication is essential to any working team Keep open communication between all crewmember and make sure
3. dying fish ii Once sedated look for lesions commonly across the back in a saddle shape Figure 9 saddleback lesion ili Look for indications of pin point hemorrhaging or for hemorrhaging Figure 9 Example of a saddleback lesion on a at fin bases careful hemorrhaging fish infected with Columnaris can also result from handling iv Look for small black spots 2 mm anywhere on the body which can indicate Black spot a disease caused by parasitic larvae Figure 10 v Ifthe fish is determined to be unhealthy place fish on dorsum back and gently press down on Figure 10 Example of black spot disease jaw to open operculum a blunt on a caudal fin probe can also be used to carefully expose gill filaments for observation Note gill color and rate accordingly Figure 11 Note only perform this procedure if a fish looks unhealthy because the procedure is mildly invasive and may cause stress or injure the fish 14 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol vi Moribund fish should be placed into a whirl pack labeled with the fish species date trap location and crew members The whirl pack should be delivered to the USFWS Fish Health Center or be placed on ice until it can be processed IMPORTANT immediately call the Project Lead to report moribund fish observations or the incidence of any of the above symptoms DO NOT release any fish at this time prepare to b
4. Trap Data Sheet A standard release site will be used for all releases Small groups of fish i e 5 10 should be released evenly across the channel using a long handled net with an inflatable kayak or by wading if flow is low The location or side of the river where fish are released should be recorded on data sheet Avoid the use of lanterns or other lights as fish are released i e if possible to do so safely Avoid running boat between release point and the trap after release has begun Ifa boat is used to release fish and must travel downstream after release remain 15 min at the release point after release and float or row downstream At the time of release make sure the following are known and recorded on the Experimental Release Data Sheet see Appendix 4 Release Date and Time Water Temperature Number of Fish to be Released Number of Mortalities and Mark Color or type Once all fish have been released record the End Time on the data sheet Wait one hour from the end time before the first check after the release 4 Check live box for recapture of marked fish NEVER pull the traps over to access them during a release a b c d e After 1 hour clean live box according to the evening check procedure Record and process all fish collected by usual procedure and record on Trap Data Sheet Carefully check all juvenile Chinook salmon for marks Record fork length FL of all marked fish collected Note in co
5. a pencil pointing to the data for fish just photographed Figure 12 On the backside of the data form in the Photo Log record the Fish For salmonids record Species Code e g CHN followed by a dash then the data cell number i e row by column number CHN 01 Figure 12 For non salmonids record Species Code e g PL for Pacific Lamprey Figure 13 Datasheet photo shot of incidental species data 15 h D D D ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol followed by a dash then column number e g PL 2 Figure 13 In this example other entries would include SASU 1 PL 1 PRS 1 MQK 1 and LP 1 Also take note of the total number of photos taken for each sample not including datasheet photo shot and record value in of Photos column Specific notes are not required but should be recorded if additional information is warranted attempt to relate specific notes to individual photos Upon returning to the office download and label photos with the following naming convention YEAR MONTH DAY SPECIES CODE FISH NUMBER eg 2011 02 21 CHN 01 Scale samples will be taken from Chinook salmon and steelhead smolts sampled for length and weight if scales are developed no more than 50 Chinook salmon scale samples should be collected per week 10 samples per day Scale samples are collected using a clean pocketknife to gently scrape a few scales from the scale pocket i e behind th
6. alexandrina Aquatic snail Time not reported LCso mg L 28 0 These studies were carried out with clove oil Incineration or landfill in accordance with local authority amp Government regulations Sections ETRANSPORFINFORMATION No special transport requirements necessary HSNO Approval No HSR003486 HSNO Controls See http www ermanz govt nz search registers htm for controls ACVM Reg Number Not available ACVM Controls Not available Additional Information AQUI S is a registered trademark of AQUI S New Zealand Ltd AQUI S NZ Ltd urges each user or recipient of this MSDS to read the entire data sheet to become aware of the potential hazards associated with this material This MSDS summarizes at the date of issue our best knowledge of the health and safety hazard information Although reasonable care has been taken in the preparation of this document AQUI S NZ Ltd extend no warranties and make no representations as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained therein and assume no responsibility regarding the suitability of this information for the user s intended purposes or for the consequence of its use Each individual should make a determination as to the suitability of the information for their particular purpose s AQUI S 20E MSDS NZ Page 4 of 4 35 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 8 Davidson s Fixative Procedure List and MSDS Re
7. is operating properly from the shore before boarding the trap Important Sometimes it may be necessary to stop the trap or raise the cone to remove debris depending on debris level this step may need to be performed only after the live box has been cleared NEVER reach into a moving cone c Record Before Revs prior to boarding trap BEFORE REVOLUTIONS DO NOT NEED TO BE RECORDED IF TRAP IS STOPPED ON ARRIVAL Determine revolutions per minute RPM as follows 1 As the screw trap cone spins find a marker on the cone e counter bolt to watch and use a stopwatch to determine how many seconds it takes the cone to complete three full rotations 2 Record this value in the appropriate space on the data sheet d Board the trap to inspect and determine the Condition Code and record on the data sheet 11 e g ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Condition code describes trap activity during the sampling period and describes an element of variability in trap performance Condition code definitions are as follows 1 Good Indicates the trap is fishing and operating well normal 2 Fair Describes situations resulting in partial cell blockage but water and fish are still delivered to the live box e g partial cell block 3 Malfunction Trap is not functioning because of a stopped cone or both cells are blocked Scrub and clean exterior of cone pontoons and live box w
8. thalweg and angled to catch the maximum amount of flow B Trap Operation The cone is lowered into fishing position with a single hand winch Always be cautious when lowering the cone Keep a hand on the winch crank handle until the cone is in place make sure the latch is free and slowly lower the cone When raising the cone keep a hand on the winch crank 2 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol handle and make sure the latch is caught in gear securely latches tend to wear and if not secure the winch handle may spin too quickly and cause injury The forward end of the cone should be lowered until the shaft is at the water s surface The trap counter Redington stroke counter model W1 2936 records the number of rotations the trap spins in a given sampling period Traps are checked once a day at a minimum Figure 4 but as often as necessary to maintain a safe holding condition for fish and efficient operation of the trap The frequency of trap checks depends on the number of fish collected level of instream flow debris loads and objectives of the study The collection of larger fish may bias catch abundances as they tend to prey on small fish in the live box To provide a predation refuge a milk crate or similar object may be placed upside down in the live box with a weight on top to anchor it The purpose is to provide access to smaller fish such as juvenile salmonids while excluding larger potentia
9. to contain large spills Wash area with water after mop up Remove all ignition sources Page 2 of 4 33 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Precautions for Safe Handling Regulatory Requirements Handling Practices Approved Handlers Conditions for Safe Storage Storage Site Requirements Packaging Workplace Exposure Standards Application in the Workplace Exposure Standards Outside the Workplace Engineering Controls Personal Protection Boiling Point Vapour Pressure Specific Gravity Flash Point Flammability Limits Solubility AQUI S 20E MSDS NZ Avoid contact with skin amp eyes Keep containers adequately sealed during material transfer transport or when not in use Not applicable Change work clothes regularly Avoid ingestion inhalation and contact with skin and eyes Do not eat drink or smoke while using this product Wash hands and exposed skin before eating drinking or smoking and after handling Not required Keep out of reach of children Store in original container amp keep tightly sealed when not in use Store below 30T Room Temperature in a cool dry area away from direct heat or direct sunlight HDPE containers No WES have been set for this substance Ensure adequate ventilation Keep container sealed when not in use No TEL is set for this substance at this time EEL Not applicable Engineering controls should
10. Caudal Fin Alician Green CFG Caudal Fin Green CFL Caudal Fin Purple CFO Caudal Fin Orange CFP Caudal Fin Pink CFW Caudal Fin Brown CFY Caudal Fin Yellow DFB Dorsal Fin Blue DFG Dorsal Fin Green DFK Dorsal Fin Black DFO Dorsal Fin Orange LCAP Lower Caudal and Anal Pink LCF Lower caudal fin clip TCB Top Caudal Blue TCG Top Caudal Green TCK Top caudal Black TCO Top caudal Orange TCP Top caudal Pink TCY Top caudal Yellow UCAP Upper Caudal and Anal Pink UCF Upper caudal fin clip ULCP Upper and Lower Caudal Pink 30 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Marsh McBirney Flow Meter Instructions Appendix 6 Check to make sure that flow meter is set to m s i e not ft s When recording flow be sure that e 77 IO v pressure sensing bulb is pointed upstream as shown below L Walt for timer bar at the bottom of the screen to reach the rieht side of the screen before recording a flow reading see below For additional information or troubleshooting download the Marsh McBirney Flo Mate user manual at http www hachflow com pdf Model_2000_Manual pdf 31 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 7 AQUI S20E MSDS AQUI S New Zealand Ltd MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET AQUI S 20E Product Name AQUI S 20E Recommended use Aquatic Anaesthetic Company details AQUI S New Zealand Ltd Unit 5 6 Aglionby Street P O Box 44 269 Lo
11. E QA QCG 1 1 0 909 5 VI Fish E It 6 33 07 7 7 7 11 1 1 6 B Temperature Oxygen Monitoring 5 0 1 90 6 C RE 7 bidello 7 E Selecting Fish to Measur eiaa 8 Vs Daily e NS rr 9 CPI 9 B Equipment CheckliSttuuu lione told 10 C Trap Check PFOcedUres e a 11 VI leccata 17 e 3 pham ka a 17 B Marking Equipment Checklist 9 16 C Photonic Dye Marking Procedufe iirnr inno 18 D Bismarck Brown Y Dye Marking Procedure A 20 VII Trap Ree 21 RSC a ATE E 21 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol B PrOCedur e a duu salen a a ai coalaisulal das usai dirai 21 GEET 23 Appendix 1 Example Screw Trap Data Sheet EA RAG a 24 Appendix 2 Smolt Index Protocol etc eeh See Se 26 Appendix 3 Marking Eed TE 27 Appendix 5 Marking odes anna EERSTEN 30 Appendix 6 Marsh McBirney Flow Meter Instructions a 31 Appendix gt AQUIS20E MSDS aa alii aaa 32 Appendix 8 Davidson s Fixative Procedure List and MSDS 36 te
12. HAZARD Formaldehyde 7 4 2 ppm Irritant Acetic acid 10 0 10 ppm Harmful toxic Ethyl alcohol 28 2 1000 ppm Flammable Methyl alcohol 1 4 200 ppm Flammable poisonous Petroleum naptha 0 3 500 ppm Flammable Section II HEALTH AND FIRST AID INFORMATION INHALATION Irritation of upper respiratory tract Bronchitis and bronchopneumonia can result from prolonged exposure Inflammation of eyelids can occur Formaldehyde exposure is under investigation In case of exposure remove patient to fresh air from contaminated area If patient is not breathing apply artificial respiration and if qualified administer oxygen Immediately call a physician Keep the patient warm INGESTION Abdominal pain unconsciousness collapse Poisonous can damage the central nervous system and internal organs and cause blindness In all cases immediately call a physician Wash out mouth thoroughly with water If the patient is conscious give milk or water freely to drink to dilute the chemical induce vomiting Repeat EYE CONTACT Can cause irritation and eye burns Immediately call a physician Rinse the eyes with a gentle stream of water for at least 15 minutes keeping the eyelids separated Repeat if pain persists SKIN CONTACT Can cause irritation burns hardening or tanning of skin cracking and ulceration or dermatitis Wash thoroughly with soap and water Remove and wash contaminated clothing before re use Call a physician Section IV PH
13. North and south Caswell traps landowner agreements as well as a permit from California State Parks to operate and access the traps The Stanislaus River like all San Joaquin River tributaries is regulated by dams e g Goodwin Tulloch New Melones and diverted by canals and agricultural pumps for city and agriculture uses Typically the average flow on the Stanislaus River is 300 ft s during a dry year 1 000 ft s during a moderate year and 3 000 ft s during a wet year Other research activities on the Stanislaus River include rotary screw trapping at Oakdale Recreation Area California Department of Fish and Wildlife CDFW carcass surveys and adult escapement monitoring at the Stanislaus weir Gravel augmentation and juvenile habitat restoration projects are on going ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol III General Instructions Safety first Safety should always be your primary concern NO TRESPASSING Never perform a task if it cannot be performed DEEN safely Stay aware of your surroundings and og possible hazards at all times Make suggestions about improvements to safety procedures to your partner in the field or the Project Lead A minimum of two crew members will operate the trap at any time At least one crew member must have a working cell phone when in the field All crew members will document they have read Figure 3 Warning sign on a rotary screw trap and understood the job hazard
14. ONS Field Monitoring Protocol C Data Delivery Data sheets should always be kept in the vehicle cab during transport to ensure they are not lost Data sheets must always be removed from vehicles or clipboards immediately upon returning to the warehouse and stored in a designated location to ensure that they are not lost or damaged Data sheets must be scanned and emailed to the Project Lead and other appropriate personnel at the end of each shift Extra precautions should always be taken to ensure delivery of data to the appropriate person s D Data Entry Data are maintained in the U S Fish and Wildlife USFWS Comprehensive Assessment amp Monitoring Program CAMP database Data are entered as soon as possible after collection ideally on a daily basis Care should be taken to assure data are entered correctly Data sheets also need to be filled out for non trapping days so they are documented in the database The Project Lead will provide all necessary instructions to enter data into the database E QA QC Procedure The goal is to generate accurate error free data that can be analyzed with confidence by CFS and others to address immediate and future fisheries management needs The accuracy of data are checked by insuring data are collected and recorded without error and entered error free into the database 1 Field Data Check This first step of the QA QC procedure is described above Section B Field techs will check data shee
15. Rotary Screw Trapping Operational Protocol A Detailed Protocol for Rotary Screw Trapping Field Operations for the Stanislaus River Prepared for U S Fish amp Wildlife Service Prepared by Cramer Fish Sciences Revised September 2014 FY ACRAMER FISH SCIENCES DD Oregon California Washington Idaho Alaska Copyright 2014 by Cramer Fish Sciences Suggested citation Cramer Fish Sciences CFS 2014 Rotary Screw Trapping Operational Protocol A Detailed Protocol for Rotary Screw Trapping Field Operations for the Stanislaus River Prepared for the U S Fish and Wildlife Service 44 pp ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Contents t ee C e EE 1 I SOUCY E 1 CE EE E 1 TIL General InstruUctiOns lie 2 IV Trap Operation and Maititenance 243244242265 si gt 2 A Rotary Screw Trap Description E 2 B Trap hee 2 C Trap IAM ANN lalla 3 V Data Collection and EE 4 1 4 B Fi ld Quality Ch gk u 71 1 1 4 C Data D llVepy nasa 5 I 77 7 7 7 7 8 0 5
16. Samples must be kept out of extreme sun heat e g dashboards hot warehouses especially those in ethanol as this may damage the DNA 5 Shipping samples Repackage dried fin clips separately and attach field notes for shipping Dry samples can be sent surface mail with no special packaging T approximate size of fin clip sample cryovial label 44
17. W TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 10 Procedure for collecting fin clips for genetic analysis 1 Collecting tissue from the fish Cut a small piece of fin tissue from the caudal preferred or adipose fin of a live fish using clean scissors or a scalpel blade Hands of the collector should be cleaned of mucus and scales between handling fish and scissors knife should be rinsed between samples Tissue size should be at a minimum 5 sq mm see below TL which is about the size of a hole punch If the fin is too small to collect this size sample take a portion of a pelvic fin 2 Transferring tissue to storage container Each tissue sample is stored separately in individual containers coin envelopes for dry fin clips or cryotubes for wet tissues or fin clips a Dry fin clips It is critical that samples be completely dry in order for DNA extraction in the lab to be successful 1 Label a standard scale envelope unbleached kraft paper with all relevant details date water body location species individual fish identification number length weight etc 2 Air dry the samples on filter paper until all mucus and moisture in the fin has evaporated and the tissue is dry to the touch Place the fin clip in the envelope and loosely close the envelope Do not seal the envelope as air and moisture should be allowed to escape to help the fin sample dry out Do not rubber band envelopes together until samples insid
18. YSICAL DATA BOILING POINT n av VAPOUR DENSITY AIR 1 n av SOLUBILITY IN WATER Miscible APPEARANCE AND COLOUR Clear colorless with an acetic acid odor SPECIFIC GRAVITY n av 37 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol pH n av Section V FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARDS FLASH POINT n av FLAMMABLE LIMITS IN AIR BY VOL LOWER n av FLAMMABLE LIMITS IN AIR BY VOL UPPER n av FIRE FIGHTING PROCEDURES amp PRECAUTIONS Water spray dry chemicals carbon dioxide or vaporizing liquid Wear self contained breathing apparatus FIRE amp EXPLOSION HAZARDS May emit toxic vapors Section VI REACTIVITY STABILITY Stable HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION Will not occur CONDITIONS amp MATERIALS TO AVOID Avoid cool temperatures HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS Unknown Section VII EMPLOYEE PROTECTION CONTROL MEASURES In case of a spill shut off all possible sources of ignition Wear gloves and goggles Dike any liquid to prevent its spread to public water sources Mop up with plenty of water and treat with dilute ammonia solution Run to waste diluting greatly with running water Ventilate the contaminated area well to dispel any vapor If formaldehyde solution enters sewers or drains inform local authorities RESPIRATORY PROTECTION Respirators should be used and for large quantities self contained breathing apparatus should be used PROTECTIVE CLOTHING Protective clothing or aprons should
19. ad the Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS and follow all recommended safety procedures Begin by putting on all of the necessary safety gear i e goggles gloves and apron Fill out a water proof data label for the specimen to be placed in the jar after completion Make sure you are in a well ventilated space Next gather all the materials needed to fix the specimen Davidson s Fixative Sample jar Fish specimen Scalpel or razor blade Alcohol swab Plastic tray to work in Paper towels Take the scalpel and sterilize it using an alcohol swab Next carefully cut open the specimen from the vent to just below the jaw this is to expose the internal organs to the fixative be sure not to cut anything more than the skin and tissue Next poor the fixative into the sample jar Place the specimen in the jar fully submerged Leave specimen in fixative for 48 hours Clean up work area and dispose of gloves After 48 hours follow the safety guidelines above and remove the specimen from the fixative Place specimen in another jar with 70 isopropyl alcohol Thoroughly clean up work area when finished 36 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET DAVIDSON S FIXATIVE Section I IDENTIFICA TION PRODUCT Davidson s Fixative PRODUCT CODE NO Section I HAZARDOUS INGREDIENTS 12010 COMPOSITION TLV
20. algal growth in spring summer Check winch cable and mooring cables for fraying Use caution when handling cables to avoid injury to hands When raising or lowering the cone or live box door everyone should be aware and in a safe position The person changing cone position or opening live box door should communicate their actions to others and make sure other field technicians have heard them and are aware When the trapping cone is being lowered keep hands and feet away from crossbeam when it contacts the pontoon Always secure the live box door when in the open position B ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Equipment Checklist Clipboard containing Fl D EE VE E El oe ET EA Ep SEL E 0 FJ EI El ER EJ El EB dI BEE Data sheets AQUI S 20E Laminated key code Pencils Sharpies Fish ID book Thermometer Surgical scissors olbox containing First aid kit Flashlight Rescue rope Pocketknife Counter bolts nuts Flagging Crescent wrenches 2 Paddles Life jackets Park gate keys Ice chest Digital camera 1 2 bucket for AQUI S Chainsaw when flows are high Dip net 1 Ice Small perforated buckets for holding fry Photarium EE EEE E Eli Met Ll 1 D Dj Ll ELE EK EL D EL D UU 10 Knife Water sample vials 2 Syringe Scale sample envelopes Stop watch Whirl packs Alcohol wipes Screw drivers Nylon rope Zip ties Dykes WD 40 Win
21. analysis JHA for screw trapping LIFE JACKETS ARE TO BE WORN AT ALL TIMES WHILE IN A BOAT ON A TRAP OR IN THE RIVER First aid kits emergency road flares and fire extinguishers will be maintained in all vehicles and boats Be cautious to always keep hands loose clothing and other items away from the cone shaft and other moving parts during trap operation Never remove debris from cone or shaft while the trap is rotating Rotary screw traps and associated rigging are a possible hazard to boaters swimmers and others using the river Wires and cables should be marked with bright colored flagging and buoys to be easily seen Warning signs should be positioned both upstream and downstream of traps to instruct boaters how to avoid the trap Other protective measures may include flashing lights to improve trap visibility and deflectors to prevent river users and large woody debris from entering trap Figure 3 IV Trap Operation and Maintenance A Rotary Screw Trap Description Screw traps are widely used to trap out migrating salmon and steelhead Their catch can be combined with trap efficiency tests to estimate the total number of out migrants leaving the system Rotary screw traps consist of a cone supported on two pontoons with interior baffles to trap and transfer fish to a live box see Figures 1 4 Rotary screw traps are manufactured by E G Solutions in Corvallis Oregon Traps are usually positioned in the main flow or river
22. asses of water or milk Seek medical advice immediately INHALATION If inhaled move the victim to fresh air immediately If irritation occurs or persists seek medical attention For advice contact the National Poisons Centre 0800 POISON 0800 764 766 or a doctor Emergency showers and eyewashes may be warranted depending on quantity and type of use Avoid ingestion inhalation and contact with skin and eyes Do not eat drink or smoke while using this product Wash hands and exposed skin before eating drinking or smoking and after work Wash any protective clothing after use Treat symptomatically Do not use close to ignition sources Use Foam carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers This product is not very flammable but toxic vapours may be released during fire Wear full protective clothing and self contained breathing apparatus SCBA None allocated Personnel involved in clean up should wear appropriate personal protective equipment to minimise exposure This may include the use of eye protection chemically resistant gloves boot and or overalls Evacuate the spill area and deny entry to unnecessary and unprotected personnel Prevent further spillage amp prevent material from entering surface water drains or waterways If a significant quantity of material enters drains advise emergency services Small spills can be wiped up with cloth or paper Standard absorbants sand sawdust vermiculite etc can be used
23. be used Gloves should be used EYE PROTECTION Safety goggles should be used VENTILATION Use only with adequate ventilation Local exhaust system or fume cupboard should be used WASTE DISPOSAL Pour the liquid in a hole in an open area Wear a respirator Ensure disposal method complies with local provincial and federal regulations governing disposal Section VIII REGULATORY CONTROLS DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION Regulated under Transport of Dangerous Goods DOT CLASSIFICATION Class 8 U N 1760 DOT PROPER SHIPPING NAME CORROSIVE LIQUID NOS Formaldehyde solution OTHER DOT INFORMATION Packing group III Limited Quantity 5 L WHMIS CLASSIFICATION D2A OTHER REGULATORY REQUIREMENT None 38 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Section IX OTHER INFORMATION High concentrations of vapor inhaled for long periods can cause laryngitis bronchitis or bronchial pneumonia Prolonged contact with skin can cause cracking of skin and ulceration particularly around fingernails Use in an adequately ventilated area PREPARED BY MSDS Department DATE Update January 10 2008 39 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 9 Equipment Sterilization Procedures The following procedures for cleaning New Zealand Mud Snail NZMS infested wading gear can be followed upon exiting NZMS infested waters Wading gear should be cleaned prior to leaving the site If this is not possible then wad
24. be used as the primary means to control exposures Use process enclosures local exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below recommended exposure limits Wear chemical resistant gloves overalls amp a face shield or safety glasses A respirator may be required if using in confined or poorly ventilated conditions Clear viscous yellow liquid Floral carnation clove Not available Not available 1 085 Not available Not available combustible Dispersible and slightly soluble in water Soluble in ethanol Page 3 of 4 34 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Stability of the Substance Stable under normal temperatures and pressures Conditions to Avoid Avoid high temperatures Material to Avoid Strong oxidisers Hazardous Decomposition Carbon monoxide carbon dioxide Products Oral Eugenol LD50 rats 1930 mg kg Eugenol LD50 mice 3000 mg kg Eugenol LD50 guinea pigs 2130 mg kg Dermal Eugenol Human skin 40 mg 48H mild irritation Rabbit skin 100 mg 24H severe irritation Other Toxicity Info Not Available Ecotoxicity Tricoplusia ni Owlt moth caterpillar 24h LCso ppm 63 000 Ochlerotatus caspius Mosquito larvae 24h LCso mg L 7 53 Oncorhynchus mykiss Rainbow trout 96h LCs mg L 9 0 Silurus glanis European catfish 96h LCso mg L 18 4 Penaeus semisulactus Tiger Prawn 24h LCso mg L 30 0 Biomphalaria
25. ble chairs and canopy not shown b Start a new Marking Data Sheet Appendix 3 and record Date Project Location Crew Observers if present Origin of Stock Release Code Mark Applied Appendix 5 Holding Temp Holding DO and Start Time c Connect marking gun to a regulator on a CO2 tank d Attach marking dye hose and place the end of the hose in pure water Run pure water through the gun to make sure it is working properly ae 3 Chinook salmon 18 Figure 16 Typical set up for dye marking e ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol If working properly remove the hose from the pure water container and place in the marking dye container Note marking dye is 1 part marking paint to 1 part purified water mixed thoroughly f Open all keys on marking gun and shoot marking dye though a few times to make sure it g h D D k is working properly Then close all but one key and fire gun a few times Adjust regulator pressure to 300 psi and make sure it is still firing properly Use a wet plastic cutting board as a marking surface Fill a cooler half full of water attach aerator or O gt diffuser add StressCoat see Mixing Instructions above and up to 150 fish at a time depending on size Mix AQUI S as described above in half bucket Fill recovery buckets about 2 3 full and add Stress Coat and an aerator A cooler can be used to recover fish but when transferring fi
26. ch handle Waders Wading boots Flow meter Canoe or inflatable kayaks Measuring board Scoop nets 2 Scrub brushes 2 Small mesh net 1 5 gallon buckets 10 with lids Live cars to hold fish for marking ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol C Trap Check Procedures All bolded text in this section refers to Trap Data Sheet components Appendix 1 Text in capital letters on datasheet should be recorded each time the trap is checked and text in lower case must only be recorded during the first trap check of the day In all cases if there are any questions about trap load fish identification etc that cannot be answered in the field or with a phone call always take a photograph with a measuring point of reference stadia rod measuring board etc included in the picture i Overview a Record Location Station Gear Status Trap Visit Type Recorder Crew Field Checked By and Date on data sheet Determine Gear Status to track when traps are raised and lowered and when the trap has been serviced Gear status code definitions are as follows 1 Continue trapping in same position and configuration 2 Unplanned restart after malfunction raised cone for maintenance debris 3 End trapping in current position and configuration raised cone to cease trapping for a given period of time 4 Start trap and begin trapping dropped cone 5 Drive by b Observe trap function and make sure it
27. d J Merz 2014 Response of juvenile Chinook salmon to managed flow lessons learned from a population at the southern extent of their range in North America Fisheries Management and Ecology 21 2 155 168 23 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Ag 90 quo TT Kg quo To kg ATNO ADAIO YO 24 Example Screw Trap Data Sheet 551 mum lauaieunt su TT QiolgA eW Bw rog 1H9I3H 3 ejeg 3 5 1 01 x es SAOY Jayy 03SS3908d HSI4 SS 093 0 IVAIMUVOSAIY 9 ISAOY aog MS 03 I3HI O13I14 0 CH del XOGIAN INIL T IAAL ISIA T 3009 dvul SLISENS 0 JISIA dei Q 40 bd E ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Photo Log of Fish Photos Notes RST Cheat Sheet TEXT ON DATASHEET IN ALL CAPS TO BE COLLECTED AT EVERY TRAP CHECK Sl smolt index 1 for yolk sack fry 2 for fry 3 for
28. der the federal and or state Endangered Species Act ESA for these species specific handling protocol may be warranted In general care should be taken to ensure all fish are handled properly to reduce stress injury and mortality Fish especially juvenile salmonids Figure 6 Chinook salmon sac fry Figures 6 and 7 are sensitive to changes in water temperature dissolved oxygen levels sunlight and a variety of other factors All work should take place out of direct sunlight and care should be taken to ensure cool water temperatures with adequate dissolved oxygen levels are provided When handling fish make sure your hands and all surfaces that the fish come into contact with are wet with river water In general fish should spend as little time as possible away from their river Figure 7 Chinook salmon fry environment Fish should only be handled by trained personnel that have a valid California Scientific Collecting Permit SCP When removing from the live box be careful not to injure fish between the rim of the scoop net and the wall of the live box Live box corners are typically where fish are injured and killed Make every effort to chase fish out of live box corners before netting them Excess debris in the scoop net can also injure fish and cause fish to be out of water too long while the debris is sorted through on the deck Chinook fry should be removed using a small net while the scoop net is still submerged and then
29. dye marks may last for several days to mouth operculum and on the ventral fins i e several weeks pectoral pelvic and anal especially when compared with unmarked fish A second marking method is by immersion using Bismarck Brown Y Sigma Aldrich Inc in solution to produce a whole body mark Figure 17 Prominent brownish coloration around the mouth operculum and on the ventral fins i e pectoral pelvic and anal distinguish fish dyed by immersion in Bismarck Brown Y solution The whole body dye generally only lasts a few days e g 3 to 5 d however fish used for trap efficiencies typically pass the trap after only 1 to 3 days Bismarck Brown Y is typically only used when large numbers of fish are released 17 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol B Marking Equipment Checklist Clipboard with AQUI S 20E solution L Syringe L Data sheets Pencils Thermometer Toolbox with Extra seals O Aerator L Marine grease L Nylon rope for net pens LU Alcohol L Waders Toothbrush L Wading boots L Dye powder L Ice chests Inoculators Card table L Towels O Chairs L Dye and syringe L Large bottle of water Half bucket s Latex gloves L 3 5 Buckets L Spade O Dip net Toolbox L Scoop net L Net pen L Canopy L Photarium L Stress coat C Photonic Dye Marking Procedure 1 Set up your location a Set up work station Figure 16 including ta
30. e slow and erratic 4 Medullary Collapse Gill activity ceases Overexposure in time or concentration to AQUI S will lead to death for fish Observe gill activity immediately transfer fish to fresh water if gill activity ceases Mixing Instructions With a syringe inject 0 5 to 0 6 mL of AQUI S into 4 L of water and mix thoroughly Check the knockdown time with a few fish If fish have not lost reflex within 3 minutes add 0 1 mL of AQUI S and monitor with a new small group of fish Dosage can be increased to a maximum of 1 mL AQUI S per 4 L of water but sedation should be completed with the smallest dose possible to effectively achieve loss of reflex Gloves should be worn while preparing AQUI S solution and handling fish The dosage and total amount of AQUI S used per day will be recorded on the datasheets for reporting purposes Stress Coat which helps replace slime coat and protect scales on a fish will be used in AQUI S water and recovery buckets Add 2 5 ml per 4 L small bucket and 5 ml in 5 gallons nearly full recovery bucket ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Equipment Half bucket L Water O Container for mixing L Nitrile gloves AQUI S 20E L Syringe E Selecting Fish to Measure A random sample of fish will be measured 7 weighed and photographed following project x a objectives A dip net should ALWAYS be used never use bare hands when catching fish to be measured
31. e advised for potential further action CDFW will be informed immediately and consulted for further action It may be imperative to mort and fix specimens immediately Appendix 8 be sure to have fixing agents and equipment for preservation available on site Time is of the essence and fish need to be preserved promptly Figure 11 Gill Rating GR color scale ranging from 1 pale to 5 deep red Determine Smolt Index SI and Gill Rating GR and measure FL mm and weight to the nearest 0 1 g WT for each salmonid and record these values on the data sheet ALWAYS check juvenile Chinook salmon for marks every trap check Check for marks as fish are being measured or use a plexiglass viewer if available for fish not measured Photograph the 1 10 and 20 salmonid of each species Also photograph any other fish of special interest different morphology disease condition etc representative specimens from the sample or fish for which specific identification is uncertain More photos are better than not enough You only have one opportunity to take a photo Photograph fish after all other information has been collected The plexiglass viewer if available can be used for more realistic photos and works well Figure 12 Datasheet photo shot for capturing fin details especially for unidentifiable of salmonid data species Following photograph place fish in recovery bucket then photograph the datasheet with
32. e are completely dry b Wet tissue Alternatively collected tissues may be deposited into a preservative filled typically DMSO or 95 ethanol cryotube It is crucial that wet tissue samples be completely immersed and not exposed to air vial should be filled to the top Exposure of alcohol stored tissue to air can cause cell wall fracturing and loss of DNA into the liquid buffer A minimum 10 1 ratio of preservative to tissue is desired 1 Place the fin clip into a small glass or plastic vial containing high strength 80 to 95 ethanol The ethanol will preserve the tissue and the DNA at room temperature so does not need to be refrigerated 2 Label each vial with a permanent Sharpie marker Ensure each sample can be identified later by including the following information on each label locality sample number collection date and species see below example 3 Recording data The date of collection detailed locality information accurate description of locality is critical include GPS info if possible collector s name species subspecies type of collection e g fin clip fork length and sex should be written on data sheets Use the following abbreviations for species identity CAGT California golden trout LKGT Little Kern golden trout KRRT Kern River rainbow trout and RBT rainbow trout Use CAGT RBT format to indicate fish that clearly appear to be hybridized with rainbow trout 4 Storing samples
33. e blansateaysspes 40 Appendix 10 Procedure for collecting fin clips for genetic analysis 44 il ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol I Introduction The following protocol gives detailed procedures for the daily operation of a rotary screw trap RST Figure 1 including trap operation and maintenance fish handling and marking data collection and management and trap efficiency estimates Protocols were developed to provide detailed information to make field activities as safe as possible and to collect accurate and unbiased data Reference List For additional information please see Tsumura ARNS and Hume 1986 Thedinga et al 1994 Nickelson Figure 1 Technician cleaning rotary screw 1998 Miller and Sadro 2005 Bottom et al 2005 trap cone Volkhardt et al 2007 Tattam et al 2013 among others II Study Area Stanislaus River The Caswell study site is located on the Stanislaus River RM 8 6 at Caswell Memorial State Park This site was selected in 1995 and juvenile Chinook salmon out migration data have been collected there every year since then The trapping site is located approximately 10 to 50 m upstream of the park boundary depending upon river conditions The Caswell traps are configured in a side by side pattern Figure 2 We access our trapping site by a private levee road Brocchini s property We have established Figure 2
34. e dorsal fin above the lateral line The scales are then wiped onto a piece of waterproof paper and placed into a labeled coin envelope Fill in the envelope label with the Date Station location Species SI FL and WT Fin clips tissue samples and if feasible scale samples will be collected from any anomalous fish e g yearlings non fall run Chinook steelhead smolts These samples should be stored in envelopes and labeled as described in Appendix 10 Report any anomalous fish to the Project Lead before releasing them Count the number of individuals of each species that exceeds the number measured and record value in the Plus Count column associated with that species Record plus counts by lifestage when possible If water temperature exceeds 20 CT do not take any measurements but record all fish as plus counts If water temperatures exceed 22 C do not handle fish pull live box screen and let all fish and debris flush out After fish have recovered i e swimming and reacting normally salmonids and incidental fish may be released separately at pre designated locations well downstream from the traps Never release fish directly from or upstream of the traps iv Night Check Procedures In general night checks follow the same procedures as day checks with the exception that the cone is not cleaned and the counter is not reset unless there is a blockage that is preventing the cone from rotating freely The counter should al
35. ecessary use a stiff plastic bristled brush such as a kitchen brush to remove any remaining debris and mud Rinse wading gear in clean water DO NOT USE WATERFROM THE NZMS INFESTED SOURCE This may reintroduce NZMS to the wading gear Return cleaned wading gear to it appropriate storage container 3 Dry Sack Procedure a Remove wading gear upon exiting NZMS infested waters Avoid allowing infested wading gear to come in contact with interior surfaces of vehicles or camping gear such as tents or trailers NZMS can be transferred to any surface they come in contact with and they could later be transferred back to cleaned wading gear Turn waders right side out and remove insoles from wading boots Place waders wading boots and boot insoles into a dry sack recommended size 65 liter Walking sticks will need to be cleaned separately outside of the dry sack to avoid rupturing the sack 40 h ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Add 8 to 10 liters of cleaning solution to dry sack and the seal dry sack Pick up the dry sack and shake it back and forth using a rolling motion to ensure that the contents are thoroughly coated with the cleaning solution Continue shaking for approximately 30 seconds Let dry sack sit undisturbed for at least 5 minutes Then repeat the shaking and mixing for another 30 seconds Open the dry sack and remove the contents one piece at a time and inspect it to make sure that al
36. ect water in a clean glass vial Refer to the unit s user manual for more information about proper use calibration and maintenance of the turbidimeter Record Debris Level Debris levels are estimated using the following as a rough guideline Light less than one 10 gallon tub Medium 1 3 10 gallon tubs Heavy 4 6 10 gallon tubs Very heavy Greater than six 10 gallon tubs 12 h ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Clear fish and debris from live box See section 2 for details Clear the counter to mark the start of the next trap cycle D When finished step off trap and record After Revs according to the aforementioned procedure ii Cleaning the Live box es DO NOT raise the trap cone before cleaning the live box Raising the trapping cone creates a gap through which fish can escape so it is best to clean the live box while trap is operating Make sure to keep hands and nets away from moving parts of trap a b c d e g Fill bucket about 1 2 full of water Always start with shallow scoops from the top to minimize catch until debris is mostly cleared Scoop no more than 1 4 net full of debris at a time to prevent injury to fish With the net still in the water scoop any visible fish out of the net with a smaller net to prevent injury to fish Gently empty contents onto the trap deck During sunny days the deck can become quite hot care should be taken to cool the deck
37. ed for trap efficiency estimates Night crew will monitor the trap after release to ensure collection and record of marked fish avoiding the possibility that predation pressure within the trap or trap stoppage will affect the recapture number B Procedure 1 Check marked fish to determine mark retention and mortality a Fill buckets 1 2 full of water and retrieve fish marked by morning crew b Check each fish for a mark using a plexiglass viewer Count the number of fish with visible marks the number of fish with no marks and the number of mortalities for the first 50 fish Record these values on the Experimental Release Data Sheet Appendix 4 If any fish from the first batch of 50 are unmarked check 50 additional fish and update the datasheet Fish without visible marks MUST be released BELOW the trap as they will not be used in efficiency test and could be confused for wild fish if not marked otherwise 2 Pre release trap check a Traps must be checked and cleared before releasing marked fish 21 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol 3 Release marked fish upstream of trap a b c d e 0 Marked fish will be released upstream of trap at the predetermined release site and then the crew will monitor the trap to determine number of marked fish recaptured Fish will be released when dark after the trap has been processed i e note pre release trap check in the comments on the
38. ibrium gasping etc transfer them to another bucket cooler to replenish oxygen and gently lower water temperatures Do not leave fish unattended C Direct Sunlight While working with fish avoid their exposure to direct sunlight This will also benefit your comfort and ability to collect high quality data Find or create a shaded place to measure and weigh fish Cover all buckets and net pens while not in use D Anesthesia As of the 2013 14 field season CFS is covered under the Investigational New Animal Drug INAD Program In compliance with our INAD permit we use AQUI S 20E hereafter AQUI S AQUI S New Zealand Ltd to anesthetize fish for safe handling AQUI S is safe for humans to handle and is an effective anesthetic for fish The action of AQUI S is readily reversed when fish are transferred to fresh water The effectiveness is related to a variety of factors including concentration and fish size see Appendix 7 for additional information Fish are immersed in a bath of AQUI S 20 30 mg L and the following sensory and motor responses of the fish characterize progressively deeper levels of anesthesia 1 Sedation Decreased reactivity to visual and vibrational stimuli gill activity reduced 2 Total Loss of Equilibrium Fish turns over locomotion increases fish swims or extends fins in response to pressure on caudal fin or peduncle 3 Total Loss of Reflex No response to pressure on caudal fin or peduncle opercular rat
39. ing gear should be completely sealed inside of a large plastic bag and cleaned before it is used in any other waters Three different cleaning protocols have been tested and found to be effective using specific cleaning solutions 1 Freeze Procedure a Place infected gear in a chest freezer for at least 24 hours 2 Immersion Procedure a g Remove wading gear upon exiting NZMS infested waters Avoid allowing infested wading gear to come in contact with interior surfaces of vehicles or camping gear such as tents or trailers NZMS can be transferred to any surface they come in contact with and they could later be transferred back to cleaned wading gear Turn waders right side out and remove insoles from wading boots Place waders wading boots boot insoles and the streambed contact end of a wading stick if used in a container of sufficient size to allow the gear to be completely covered by a cleaning solution Pour sufficient cleaning solution into the container with the infested wading gear to completely cover the gear It may be necessary to weight down the gear to ensure that it remains immersed in the cleaning solution Allow the wading gear to remain in the cleaning solution for at least 5 minutes Remove wading gear from the cleaning solution one piece at a time and inspect it to make sure that all debris that could harbor NZMS has been removed from the gear as well as any NZMS that could be lodged in cracks or crevices If n
40. ith a brush Record the Gauge Height and measure the Water Temperature Dissolved Oxygen D O Velocity and take a Turbidity sample record values on the data sheet Gauge Height Gauge height will be measured to the nearest 0 02 ft and recorded at each trap check Water Temperature and Dissolved Oxygen Dissolved oxygen is a function of water temperature i e lower temperature water has a higher capacity to hold dissolved oxygen therefore both temperature and dissolved oxygen affect salmon survival Measure the water temperature C and dissolved oxygen mg L and values during each trap check using a digital handheld meter e g YSI Environmental Inc Model 550A or ProODO Submerge the probe in at least 0 5 m of water and wait until a stable reading is obtained Record the reading in the appropriate space on the data sheet Water Velocity Measure the average water velocity in front of each screw trap using a flowmeter e g Marsh McBirney Flowmate 2000 approximately halfway between the right pontoon and the cone shaft and 0 5 m below the waters surface record value on the corresponding data sheet Make sure the flow meter is using m s Refer to Appendix 6 for more information about the use and maintenance of the flow meter Turbidity Collect a water sample and use a portable turbidimeter e g Hach 2100P to measure the current turbidity level NTU and record the value in the appropriate location on the data sheet Coll
41. l debris that could harbor NZMS has been removed from the gear as well as any NZMS that could be lodged in cracks or crevices If necessary use a stiff plastic bristled brush such as a kitchen brush to remove any remaining debris and mud Rinse wading gear in clean water DO NOT USE WATER FROM THE NZMS INFESTED SOURCE This may reintroduce NZMS to the wading gear Return cleaned wading gear to it appropriate storage container 4 Spray Bottle Procedure Note this procedure has only been tested using a copper sulfate cleaning solution a f Remove wading gear upon exiting NZMS infested waters Avoid allowing infested wading gear to come in contact with interior surfaces of vehicles or camping gear such as tents or trailers NZMS can be transferred to any surface they come in contact with and they could later be transferred back to cleaned wading gear Turn waders right side out and remove insoles from wading boots Place waders wading boots boot insoles and the streambed contact end of a wading stick if used in a container of sufficient size to allow the gear to be easily accessed Using a standard 1 liter squeeze trigger type spray bottle containing the cleaning solution spray the wading gear to the point of saturation and runoff with the cleaning solution Be sure to treat the inside of the wading boots as well as the outside Use the stream setting to be sure and dislodge any debris from the wading boots Be sure to treat both t
42. l predacious fish It is important to ensure that the screen mesh of the crate is appropriate Hard objects should also be sedentary as to not crush fish by shifting When sampling fall run Chinook salmon in the Central Valley trap operation begins in early winter December or January and continues until daily average water temperatures exceed 22 C usually late June or July Once daily average water temperatures exceed 22 C the traps must be raised Traps can be lowered and begin fishing again once temperatures drop below 22 C If water temperature conditions allow the trap Figure 5 Technician inspecting the cone should be fished until June 30 to ensure that any late outmigrants are detected The Project Lead has the authority to either fish or pull the traps C Trap Maintenance The traps are inspected daily for damage and improper wear The field crew will inspect the live box seal for any cracks and proper seating around the cone The cone shaft and bushings will be inspected for cracks and wear The cone mesh will be inspected for any tears and the access doors will be inspected for proper closure Figure 5 The winch system will be inspected for proper function as well as cable and pulley wear The counter system will be inspected for proper function The anchor points and cabling system for the traps will be inspected for faults The traps will be cleaned daily The cone pontoons and live box will all be scrubbed and free f
43. mments 1 post release trap check Wait another hour and conduct a second trap check Note in comments 2 post release trap check If gt 1 of the release group is recaptured after the second check wait an additional hour and check trap again Continue following these guidelines until hourly recapture rates are lt 1 Any remaining marked fish will be collected during the morning trap check Make sure data sheets are complete and delivered to the Project Assistant as soon as possible Make sure site is clean and no equipment is left behind 22 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol XII References Baker J F and T Modde 1977 Susceptibility to predation of blacktail shiners stained with Bismarck Brown Y Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 106 334 338 Bottom D L K K Jones T J Cornwell A Gray and C A Simenstad 2005 Upriver Linkages to Chinook Salmon Migration and Residency in the Salmon River Estuary Oregon Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science 64 79 93 Gaines P C and C D Martin 2004 Feasibility of dual marking age 0 Chinook salmon for mark recapture studies North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24 1456 1459 Miller B A and S Sadro 2003 Residence time and seasonal movements of juvenile coho salmon in the ecotone and lower estuary of Winchester Creek South Slough Oregon Transactions of the American Fisheries Socie
44. ndwriting 2 Organize the data sheet so like species are recorded together Look at catch before you begin recording data and leave ample space to group data for each species Use additional sheets to assure clarity of the information 3 Completely fill out the top block and the appropriate gear section include the crew names and data recorder s name 4 Corrections can be made in the field by erasing if the sheet is dry or putting a line through the mistake and clearly writing correct information nearby 5 Never estimate information Record measured values only If a value cannot be measured put a line in the box and make an explanation in the comments section 6 Circle all dead fish on data sheet Do not circle any live fish counts B Field Quality Check The first step of data quality assurance quality check QA QC happens in the field After completion of sampling review the data sheet and make sure all information is complete or collect any missing values Common errors include blanks illegible entries clarity of plus count tallying incorrect species or station codes and unclear comments The field quality check should occur before leaving the site so additional data can be collected if necessary This is the first of four checks that must be completed for the data to be properly QA QC d The other three are done as or after the data are entered into the computer see Section E below ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATI
45. nter reading and explain the circumstances in the comments section Then clear the live box and cone of debris and record the final counter reading below the Total Revs box Reset the counter once the time is recorded and the live box has been cleared 13 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol DO NOT clear the counter during a night check second check or during a release If additional debris is cleared from cone after clearing the live box due to a stoppage re clear live box of debris taking care to look for additional fish iii Processing the Trap Catch a b c d Prepare AQUI S bath as described above see Fish Handling section D Anesthesia Fill at least 2 buckets or coolers about 3 4 full of fresh river water for recovering fish Use one bucket for juvenile Chinook and the other for all other species ALL SAMPLE FISH MUST BE ANESTHETIZED TO WEIGH AND MEASURE The first 25 Chinook salmon from each trap and the first 20 of all other species need to be sampled unless water temperature exceeds 20 C see below Also record Smolt Index SI see Appendix 2 for all salmonids collected Record Gill Rating GR see Section d Figure 13 if fish look unhealthy Add fish to be measured to AQUI S solution after it has been tested Do not put more than about 10 fish in AQUI S at any one time Fish Health Assessment i Observe fish carefully prior to sedation to identify any potentially moribund
46. nto well aerated recovery water 3 Remove fish a Remove fish from solution after a minimum of 50 min in solution b Immediately place fish in cool well aerated recovery water c Record end time VIL Trap Efficiencies A General Trap efficiency is affected by river stage flow environmental conditions trap placement life stage and species of fish Population abundance of juvenile outmigrants can be estimated using the trap efficiency method of releasing marked fish upstream of each trap Thedinga et al 1994 Zeug et al 2014 When catch numbers are low efficiency estimates are limited by the available number of fish for marking A minimum of 25 marked fish should be released at a time Each size class of juvenile Chinook sac fry fry parr smolt is treated separately as the efficiency of the trap is known to differ by fish size Measuring trap efficiency as often as possible minimizes experimental bias in estimates which can cause over or underestimations of population abundance When possible marked fish are released in small groups across the entire width of the river channel to aid in uniform mixing of unmarked and marked fish Thedinga et al 1994 determined marked fish released at standard release sites were uniformly mixed with unmarked population when river side was alternated Fish are released at night to minimize predation and maximize movement After the pre release check marked fish will be releas
47. op and under side of gravel guards if they are permanently attached to the waders Allow the wading gear to set for at least 5 minutes with the cleaning solution on it Remove the wading gear one piece at a time and inspect it to make sure that all debris that could harbor NZMS has been removed from the gear as well as any NZMS that could be lodged in cracks or crevices If necessary use a stiff plastic bristled brush such as a kitchen brush to remove any remaining debris and mud Rinse wading gear in clean water DO NOTUSE WATERFROM THE NZMS INFESTED SOURCE This may reintroduce NZMS to the wading gear Return cleaned wading gear to it appropriate storage container 5 Cleaning Solutions 41 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol a Copper sulfate Dissolve 3 785 grams of copper sulfate pentahydrate crystals 99 1 purity for each gallon of solution you want to make This will achieve a concentration of 252 mg L of copper in the cleaning solution b Benzethonium chloride Dissolve 7 57 grams of benzethonium chloride 97 purity for each gallon of cleaning solution you want to make This will achieve a concentration of 1 947 mg L in the cleaning solution c Formula 409 Disinfectant Dilute the commercially available solution 1 1 with clean water to achieve the needed concentration for the cleaning solution i e 1 gallon of Formula 409 Disinfectant to 1 gallon of water 6 Tank Disinfection Procedure a U
48. parr 4 for Silvery Parr steelhead only 5 for Smolt CHNY Chinook yearling Smolt index would still be a 5 GR Gill Rating Only taken on sickly fish 5 point scale 1 is pale and 5 is deep red see protocol for other ratings VISIT TYPE New field 1 continue trapping in same position and configuration 2 Unplanned restart after malfunction had to raise cone for maintenance debris 3 end trapping in current position and configuration raised cone to cease sampling for a given period of time 4 Start trap and begin trapping dropped cone 5 drive by Time Livebox Emptied Sample Time Time when the livebox has been completely cleared of catch and or the counter was reset Note DO NOT RESET COUNTER FOR NIGHT CHECKS Take note of the time that livebox was cleared and record the number of revs only Trap Functioning Condition code 1 Trap functioning normally 2 Trap functioning but not normally partially blocked 3 Trap not functioning cone stopped WERE FISH PROCESSED An offshoot of gear status 1 Fish were processed 2 No fish were caught 3 Not applicable trap not in service DEBRIS VOLUME CATEGORY DEBRIS LEVEL Light less than one 10 gallon tub Medium 1 3 10 gallon tubs Heavy 4 6 10 gallon tubs Very heavy Greater than six 10 gallon tubs Gear Status 1 first check in a 24 hour period 2 277 check and all subsequent checks in a 24 hour period if a release has been conducted all checks associated with that release would get gea
49. placed into a separate bucket from other fish to prevent predation and cannibalism B Temperature Oxygen Monitoring Coolers ice chests may be used instead of buckets as insulated walls keep water temperatures lower longer When using buckets locate buckets in shade check holding water temperature regularly and change water or add ice when temperatures are 2 C greater than river water temperature Lids should always be used to reduce potential jumping predation or spillage Use dark colored buckets and lids for holding and transporting fish When transferring fish between locations e g hauling tank to river bucket to holding tank etc always check temperature difference between environments Differences greater than 2 C should be avoided since this change can cause loss of equilibrium and stress Make sure fish are not over crowded e that there are lt 25 smolts or lt 50 fry per bucket 100 150 individuals per standard size cooler Dissolved oxygen levels should be maintained near current river levels generally 6 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol somewhere between 7 and 11 mg L and an aerator or O gt tank with diffuser should be used to help maintain DO levels Use a DO meter e g YSI ProODO to check holding water periodically and refresh water if DO level falls below 7 mg L Pay attention to fish behavior at all times If fish exhibit abnormal behavior e g darting scraping loss of equil
50. r status 2 Note that the 24 hour period for the traps ends at about 4 am WEATHER CLR Clear Sunny CLDY Cloudy FOG fog RAN Rain MARK CODES CFP Caudal fin pink AFP Anal fin pink ULCP Upper lobe caudal pink BB Bismark Brown BCP Bottom Caudal pink BCP Bottom caudal pink LCAP Lower caudal and anal pink TCP Top caudal pink CWT Coded wire tag adipose fin clip ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 2 Smolt Index Protocol The Smolt Index is to determine the life stage of salmonids including Chinook and rainbow trout steelhead Smolt Index should be recorded for each fish measured and weighed Rainbow Trout Steelhead Smolt Index Protocol Smolt Index Life Stage Criteria 1 Yolk sac Fry Newly emerged with visible yolk sac 2 Fry Recently emerged with sac absorbed button up fry Seam along mid ventral line visible Pigmentation undeveloped 3 Parr Seam along mid ventral line not visible Scales firmly set Darkly pigmented with distinct parr marks No silvery coloration 4 Silvery Parr Parr marks visible but faded Intermediate degree of silvering 5 Smolt Parr marks highly faded or absent Bright silver or nearly white coloration Scales easily shed deciduous Black trailing edge on caudal fin More slender body 6 Adult gt 300 mm FL If lt 300 mm FL must be extruding eggs or milt
51. rom debris Maintenance will be performed as inspections warrant such activities Please note all maintenance performed and trap condition on datasheets and notify the Project Lead of any ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol issues If problems cannot be addressed immediately take photos to document the issue and contact the Project Lead before leaving the site At the end of the year traps will be removed from the river and will be pressure washed and thoroughly inspected for any damage as well as possible improvements Repairs will be made and then the traps will be properly stored until the next field season V Data Collection and Management A Completing Data Sheets Data sheets should be clear legible and contain all information needed to accurately interpret data see example Appendix 1 If there is more than one data sheet for a particular site make sure they are labeled appropriately e g site name page 1 of 2 etc Please make all information clear enough so someone not familiar with field conditions can interpret data accurately i e use standard abbreviations no omitted data There should never be any empty spaces for relevant data on a sheet If data are not taken draw a line through the appropriate box and write a short explanation Please use the following conventions when filling out data sheets 1 Use a pencil and your best and clearest non cursive ha
52. se a 200 ppm active chlorine solution b Determine the percentage of active chlorine in commercial liquid bleach or bleaching powder 1 For example the percentage of active chlorine in store bought liquid bleach initial volume 5 14 L is 6 2 Calculate initial chlorine concentration 6 100 x 1 000 000 60 000 ppm Conclusion The concentration of chlorine in store bought liquid is 60 000 ppm c Calculate total volume that will be treated with 5 14 L of store bought liquid bleach at a final chlorine concentration of 200 ppm 1 Example calculation i Variables Initial bleach Volume 5 14 L Initial chlorine Concentration 60 000 ppm Final Volume treated unknown Final chlorine Concentration in tank 200 ppm ii Equation Volume Concentration Volume Concentrationz iii Calculation 5 14 L 60 000 ppm V2 200 ppm 308 400 V 200 ppm 1 542 L V2 2 Conclusion One standard store bought container of bleach 5 14L will treat 1 542 L 407 gallons at a final chlorine concentration of 200 ppm 3 Adjust the foregoing calculation according to unknown variables 42 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol d Tank treatment 1 Pour the bleach slowly into the tank mixing as you pour and then fill the tank up to full capacity with clean water 2 Let the bleach stand in the tank for 1 hour Completely empty the tank and rinse thoroughly with clean water 43 ROTARY SCRE
53. sh to a live car always use a bucket with a lid Place about 20 fish per marking station in the AQUI S knockdown half bucket after it has been tested 2 Start marking a b c d e Measure FL and determine SI record values on backside of Fish Marking Data Sheet and place fish on plastic cutting board one at a time for marking Repeat this step for the first 50 fish 50 fish per Lot sampled if hatchery fish are selected from multiple Lots note Lot and Total from Lot on datasheet Apply the mark by starting with only one key open on the marking gun Lightly place the gun tip onto the appropriate fin and pull the trigger Be careful do not place tip and mark too close to the body or fin margin see Figure 14 for proper mark placement Do not hold the gun at a right angle to the fin Adjust the CO regulator to approximately 250 psi for fry and 300 psi for parr and smolt If fin splits when marked adjust gun pressure or position Count marked fish and place in recovery bucket tally on data sheet Mark Tally note number of fish per tally mark Use a hand counter to keep track of marked fish Always check to ensure fish are recovering normally and have visible marks If the gun malfunctions remove fish from AQUI S before trying to fix it Guns can usually be fixed by running 1 1 purified water and Madicide through it or by reversing the tip NEVER run river water through the guns they will clog If this does no
54. side of the plastic rim c Clean and load up all supplies Marking guns should be cleaned thoroughly with clean water and full strength Madicide NEVER put a gun back into its case with dye in it NEVER clean marking equipment with river water d Field check QC data sheet s for completeness and correctness e Return all supplies to storage open and let any wet equipment dry out f Make sure equipment is clean and ready to be used during the next marking event D Bismarck Brown Y Dye Marking Procedure 1 Prepare solution 21 mg L a Fill a large tub tote with 75 L water approximately 20 gal b Measure out 1 6 g Bismarck Brown Y c Thoroughly mix Bismarck Brown Y d Place aerator and thermometer in tub Keep water well oxygenated use ice to maintain water temperatures 2 Immerse fish a Count out fish to be dyed with Bismarck Brown Y and place into dye solution DO NOT anesthetize fish prior to immersion in dye solution b Record number of fish time and temperature on data sheet c Set lid over tub to prevent fish from escaping and to protect fish from direct sunlight d Observe water temperature and fish activity regularly every 5 to 10 minutes e Gently stir water while observing fish Fish will initially behave erratically and appear sluggish while in solution 20 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol f Immediately remove individual fish displaying prolonged abnormal behavior and place i
55. t solve the problem after a few attempts try using a different tip In between every 100 fish increase the pressure open the keys and blow out the tip to avoid clogs Shake the dye bottle in between fish groups When approximately 25 50 marked fish depending on size have accumulated in the recovery buckets transfer fish to a live car in the river After 100 fish have been marked mix new and test AQUI S in 1 2 bucket to minimize biological waste in the water and to help regulate water temperature and D O levels 19 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol g After all fish have been marked record your End Time and the total number of fish marked on your data sheet Mortalities should be recorded on datasheet and subtracted from total count Note Save all natural mortalities it is a condition of our Scientific Collecting Permits h After all fish have been transferred to the river use a permanent marker and some flagging to label the live car with date mark applied number of fish and expected release date 3 Clean up a Carefully position live car seal closed with zip ties and tie off to the bank Review date mark applied and number marked on the flagging for correctness Ensure the live cars are placed where they will not be stranded or washed away with a change in flows b Attach live car to secure location e g back of trap Tie off so the water surface is about 1 2 inches below the under
56. that instructions or other communications are heard and understood There is nothing wrong with asking questions or requesting that someone repeat what was said Always wear a life jacket when working on the trap Be cautious when moving around on the trap A number of hazards exist on and around the trap e g winch cleats cables frayed cable etc Stay aware of these hazards and always use great caution when moving and working on traps NEVER move across the number one crossbeam in front of the trapping cone when the trap is fishing A catwalk on the front of the trap aids in taking flow clearing cone debris etc Always use extreme caution on the catwalk Pay attention to other crew member locations and activities on the trap boat traffic and boat wakes and during high flow conditions watch for large debris that may collide with the trap and have an unexpected effect All crew members need to pay attention when a boat is approaching and docking at the trap NEVER place any part of your body between the boat and trap during approach or while moored The boat operator should drive slowly when approaching the trap and use fenders if available Crewmembers should be able to step not jump from the boat to the pontoon Make sure fenders are adjusted properly to prevent contact damage to boat or trap Be very careful when stepping on or off the trap or walking on the trap Pontoons and live box lid may be slippery due to ice frost in winter and
57. tion Transport Planting Morts Holding method Plant Time River Temp C River DO For temp gt 2 C difference gradually acclimate fish by adding river water to the tank 10 min 2 C Comments 27 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol from Lot pe Le Lot Measure fork length FL and record smolt index for at least 50 fish per Lot in sample Total from Lot Lot 28 Appendix 4 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Experimental Release Data Sheet Release Data Sheet Location Date Crew Mark Mark Position Weather Code Water Temp C Method Circle one Boat N Bank Release Start Time Marked Total QC d Mark Retention Morts Marking Morts Pre release Morts GPS Lat Long Release Code D O mg L S Bank Other Release End Time QC d Unmarked Total Marked Released Transport Morts Total Morts Release ALL unmarked fish downstream of trap Comments 29 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Appendix 5 Marking codes Mark Code Mark Description AFB Anal Fin Blue AFG Anal Fin Green AFK Anal Fin Black AFO Anal Fin Orange AFP Anal Fin Pink BB Bismark Brown BCB Bottom Caudal Blue BCG Bottom Caudal Green BCK Bottom Caudal Black BCO Bottom Caudal Orange BCP Bottom Caudal Pink BCY Bottom Caudal Yellow CFB Caudal Fin Blue CFDB Caudal Fin Alcian Blue CFDG
58. ts and initial immediately before leaving the site 2 Data Entry Quality Check Data are entered and then verified to insure they have been entered correctly Date and initials of person entering data will be noted on each data sheet 3 Data Entry Verification 1 QC 1 The verification will check for entry errors by comparing data sheets with hard copy queries from the database Corrections if needed will be made to the database As each data sheet is checked sheets will be signed with initials of person and date verified 4 Data Entry Verification II QC 2 The second hard copy verification of data will be repeated by a different technician than QC 1 Corrections if needed will be made to database Data sheets will be signed with initials of person verifying data and date verified When data quality checks are complete each datasheet should have four sets of initials and dates on it Field Checked By person and date Data Entry person and Date Data Entry Verification I OCT By person and Date and Data Entry Verification II QC2 By person and Date The CAMP database will be backed up on the office server on a daily basis to prevent unintended changes and loss of information ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol VI Fish Handling A General Fish that you handle are a public resource therefore proper care of fish is extremely important Furthermore some species captured may be or become listed un
59. ty 132 546 559 Nickelson T E 1998 ODFW coastal salmonid population and habitat monitoring program Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Salem OR Rayton M D 2006 Field Manual Okanogan Basin monitoring and evaluation program rotary screw trap protocols The Colville Confederated Tribes Omak WA Tattam I A J R Ruzycki P B Bayley H W Li and G R Giannico 2013 The influence of release strategy and migration history on capture rate of Oncorhynchus mykiss in a rotary screw trap North American Journal of Fisheries Management 33 237 244 Thedinga J F M L Murphy S W Johnson J M Lorenz and K V Koski 1994 Determination of salmonid smolt yield with rotary screw traps in the Situk River Alaska to predict effects of glacial flooding North American Journal of Fisheries Management 14 837 851 Tsumura K and J M B Hume 1986 Two variations of a salmonid smolt trap for small rivers North American Journal of Fisheries Management 6 272 276 Volkhardt G C S L Johnson B A Miller T E Nickelson and D E Seiler 2007 Rotary screw traps and inclined plane screen traps Pages 235 266 in D H Johnson B M Shrier J S O Neal J A Knutzen X Augerot T A O Neil and T N Pearsons Salmonid field protocols handbook techniques for assessing status and trends in salmon and trout populations American Fisheries Society Bethesda MD Zeug S C Sellheim K Watry C Wikert J D an
60. ways be reset after clearing the cone Data that needs to be collected during a night check and for all trap checks is indicated on the data sheet by all caps Take extra care when working at night 16 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol VI Fish Marking A General Fish are marked utilizing commonly accepted marking techniques as described for other mark recapture studies e g Baker and Modde 1977 Gaines and Martin 2004 Bottom et al 2005 Miller and Sadro 2005 Rayton 2006 The purpose of marking and releasing fish is to determine the Figure 14 Chinook salmon fry marked with a efficiency of the trap and an assumption of this pink dye on the caudal fin CFP technique is that marked fish behave similarly to natural fish in the system Therefore it is essential that fish are minimally and gently handled and are kept in water that is within 2 C of river water so that they experience as little stress as possible during marking transport and release First fish can be marked with photonic dye using a needless injector that places a small semi permanent dye mark between fin rays Figure 14 Photonic dye marks are usually placed on the caudal Figure 15 Sub yearling smolt marked by fin for fry size fish however the dorsal and anal fins immersion in Bismarck Brown Y solution Note can also be marked when fish are larger than 45 mm mark is most prominent and visible around the Photonic
61. wer Hutt New Zealand Phone 64 4 587 0389 Fax 64 4 587 0388 Website www aqui s com Hours 8am 5pm Mon Fri Date of Preparation November 2010 US DOT Hazard Classification Not regulated as a hazardous substance Hazard classifications May be harmful if swallowed May cause skin irritation May cause eye irritation May cause an allergic skin reaction Primary identifiers Keep out of reach of children For animal treatment only Chemical Name CAS Number Concentration Eugenol 97 53 0 10 Other ingredients determined not to be 90 hazardous AQUI S 20E MSDS NZ Page 1 of 4 32 ROTARY SCREW TRAPPING OPERATIONS Field Monitoring Protocol Necessary First Aid Measures Required instructions Workplace facilities Hygiene instructions Notes for Medical Personnel Flammability Extinguishing media amp Methods _ Recommended protective clothing Hazchem code Emergency procedures Spill Procedure AQUI S 20E MSDS NZ SKIN CONTACT If skin contact occurs remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with soap and water If irritation occurs or persists seek medical attention EYE CONTACT In case of eye contact immediately rinse eyes thoroughly with plenty of water If wearing contact lenses remove only after initial rinse and continue rinsing eyes for at least 15 minutes If irritation occurs or persists consult a doctor INGESTION Give up to two gl
62. with river water before emptying net contents onto deck Carefully sort through the debris using a stick or other probe Be cautious when using your hands hypodermic needles broken glass blackberry branches or other sharp objects are sometimes encountered Return natural debris to the river collect man made trash and dispose properly Carefully find and remove all fish some will be very small Use a scoop e g modified water bottle to transfer small fry and place them in a separate bucket from larger fish to prevent predation and or cannibalism Make sure fish are not overcrowded in buckets lt 25 small fish per bucket Make sure water temperature in bucket remains no more than 2 C greater than the river water temperature and D O remains within acceptable parameters within 1 0 mg L of river water Add cool water frozen water bottles or replace the water if it becomes too warm Use battery powered aerators to help maintain D O levels If there are too many fish to hold in buckets or coolers while processing place fish in a live car and leave fish in the live box and process fish in small batches Once the live box is cleared record Sample Time and Total Revolutions when done clearing out live box Sample Time on a 24 hour timescale and Total Revs should be recorded immediately after the live box processing has been completed Follow the same procedure for the night check If the trap is stopped by debris record the cou

Rotary Screw Trapping Operations Protocol

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