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Final Design Review - Large File Server

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2. 36 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 References 1 www microchip com 2 www garmin com 3 www roguerobotics com 4 www multitech com 5 Finkle Jim Cell providers coming clean with customers The Orange County Register October 3 2004 6 Langberg Mike Cell phone companies should level with public Mercury News December 22 2003 37
3. Sas a means to interpolate between points Sstrength_interp is a continuous representation of signal strength tl 1 1 sizeh t2 1 1 sizev XI YI meshgrid t1 t2 strength interp griddata GPSpointlong GPSpointlat signal strength XI YI disp Data Contoured Successfully This code allows viewing of signal strength on a 3D axis mesh XI YI strength interp hold plot3 GPSpointlong GPSpointlat signal strength o hold off strength interpcont nan sizev sizeh strength interpAlphaData 5 ones sizev sizeh SThis sets the transparency of the signal strength layer and creates Sdiscrete contours of colormap data STHIS IS EXPONENTIAL DECAY ALGORITHM FOR CONTOURING SCreate matrices called peaks2 and strength_interp to represent nan and Srecorded values and contoured plot respectively for I l sizev for J 1 sizeh peaks2 I J nan strength_interp 1 J nan end end Adjust peaks2 to assume values of signal strength at recorded locations for I l size signal_strength 1 peaks2 round GPSpointlat I round GPSpointlong I signal strength I end SThis is the contouring section of the code For each pixel on the map Sfind the distance to each recorded data point If the distance is less Sthan the user defined radius the weight of the data point is given by an exponential decay function This takes a lot of time to render for I 1 sizev for J 1 sizeh weight nan L 1 for K l s
4. can reach a location where the antenna will have a clear view of the sky One example use has the device between the front passenger seats with the antenna placed on the dash looking up through the windshield 8 3 User Interface 8 3 1 Layout This project has a simple user interface The CAD layout is seen in Figure 12 It is designed to be an autonomous device so its interface is simple There are three standard switches and five momentary switches that accompany the LCD The three standard switches are found to the right of the LCD These three switches control from left to right data collection start stop LCD On Off and Power On Off The five momentary buttons are located on the left and bottoms sides of the LCD These coordinate with menu options displayed on the LCD screen Signal Strength Mapper LCD Power Start On On Stop ot Off University of Sam Diego Electrical Engineering Progamming Matthew S Dorninck Port Th omas J Davis Brandon K Baley James D Cervantes Figure 12 Aluminum Control Panel CAD Layout 8 3 2 Operation There are two choices before turning on the signal strength mapper for the first time If powered up with the Start Stop switch in the Start position then the device will immediately begin collecting data in its default configuration 28800 data points will be collected 8 hours of data collection at which point data collection will cease and a text message will be sent to the user indicating the numbe
5. 1 32 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 input_long 1 floor input_long 1 100 input_long 1 100 floor input_long 1 100 x 100 60 input_lat I floor input_lat 1 100 input_lat 1 100 floor input_lat I 100 100 60 end Create a variable num points to indicate the number of recorded points size numl size input lat num points size numl 1 Start Normalizing reference points GPScalibrationData2 mat is a record Sof several locations around campus at USD and their respective locations on the Matlab map The important points are included in the file below 3 represents the stop sign at the West entrance Kiosk 5 represents the stop sign at Manchester village entrance SActual GPS Latitude GPSlat 3 32 768725 GPSlat 5 32 776111 SActual GPS Longitude GPSlong 3 117 19507833 GPSlong 5 117 18127167 Matlab row lat 3 scale 1067 660441176 lat 5 scale 319 8125 Matlab column long 3 scalex358 32166246 long 5 scalex1539 5125944 SFind Distances Between West Kiosk and Manchester in Matlab Scoordinates and GPS coordinates delvm abs lat 5 lat 3 delvGPS abs GPSlat 5 GPSlat 3 delhm abs long 5 1long 3 delhGPS abs GPSlong 5 GPSlong 3 SFind total lat and long GPS points across the map lat total sizev delvGPS delvm long total sizehx delhGPS delhm SCreate verticle and horizontal scaling constan
6. 100mA 3 3 5 0V Flash memory 5V 100mA 5V 200mA 5V PIC and misc chips 5V 100mA 5V 200mA 5V 15 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 7 Current Design Status The project progressed on schedule A working prototype was successfully tested and developed The device retrieves signal strength from the modem and location from the GPS It then stores it on the flash card The data has been successfully retrieved from the card and imports into Microsoft Excel and or MATLAB The USD campus has been thoroughly sampled by Tom Davis on bicycle with the device running on battery power in his backpack Below you will find project schedule information and details regarding the current state of each section of the project 7 1 Schedule The project is following the developed Gannt Chart Small changes have been made in minor task assignments but major tasks have remained true to plan Team member task distribution is seen later in Table 11 which is part of the personnel section Task Name uly 1 August 1 September1 October 1 November1 December1 January 1 74 78 em ems 8 29 942 9 26 10 10 10 24 1177 1121 1275 129 12 1 16 FALL SEMESTER o EE CNN GE 2 Ex IMPLEMENT SYSTEM ke o MESA EX All Individual System Components Completed ES maij EX All Componets Working On Development Board RZ 5 E3 PCB Layout EXA 8 e Manufacturing of PCB A 7
7. and the value of it s measured signal strength is taken into account when the data is colorized and placed with slight transparency over a standard map The colorized maps allow the mobile phone consumer to easily view a mobile phone carrier s performance where they live work and play ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 3 Market and Background The data analysis provided by this device is in great demand Over the twelve months that this project has been underway numerous ad campaigns have been run by mobile phone carriers touting their coverage and capability Cin gular uses slogan Raise the Bar referring to the bars often seen on one s mobile phone Verizon has an obnoxious spokesman who runs around asking Can you hear me now TMobile has recently announced the availability of detailed coverage maps to customers online The advertising campaigns show that the wireless carrier s realize the consumers care about their signal coverage and reliability However their attempts are not enough The consumer demands greater knowledge about the service they are receiving TMobile appears to be rolling out detailed maps However these maps only show TMobile service areas Cingular and Verizon also claim to be working on similar consumer coverage mapping software 5 It is known that all major cellular service providers have long employed signal strength mapping technology around major urban areas They not only mon
8. cco E ER ARA NUS ERA 23 12 Parts List for One Complete Data Collection Device 0 0 0 ooo A 36 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 1 Introduction The information age has taken the Western World captive Data reigns supreme The populous demands instantaneous information The fastest growing companies in the past decade have been those that could provide the best informa tion the fastest One of the most notable is the Internet search engine Google Google constantly crawls the Internet with multiple googlebots that categorize and score every webpage for its keywords relevance and link popularity Google achieved great success by providing the largest amount of reliable data the fastest without a price to the user Their bottom line is fulfilled with plain unobtrusive advertisements on the right side of their web pages next to their unbiased search results This data has proved invaluable People have been found to google just about everything This proposed project aims to follow a similar service path The engineered device records mobile phone signal strengths across a vast area Additional data collection bots increase the data collection rate The collected data is processed and presented in a graphical format laid semi transparently over a map Ideally mobile phone users would be able to access the information regarding cell phone carriers for their specific area via the Internet The results wo
9. m Soldered PCB A 8 r Fully Functional PCB E 9 E Control Panel Design EXA 10 Es Control Panel Manufacturing E 41 E3 Control Panel Installation Sy 43 E PRODUCT TESTING hae 14 EX University Data Points ES 15 153 Implement University Data Points with MATLAB EN 16 EJ Test PCB E 17 Test Data Points with PCB E 18 18 E PUBLIC RELATIONS CA MMC 20 a Initial Project Web Page EN a Es Updated Project Web Page EA 22 EJ Crictical Design Review 1022 23 E Final Paper 128 24 E Internal Demo e 1217 25 53 External Demo 12 10 Figure 11 Project Gantt Chart 7 2 System Testing Methodology Numerous tests have been conducted in each area of design A short summary and a table summarizing tests are available for each design element 7 2 1 Micro controller The first half of the Fall semester focused on using the PICDEM 2 Plus Demo Board to develop software to interact with the peripheral components The capabilities of the PIC were tested first There are four interfaced serial compo nents Each serial component was first tested with HyperTerminal The devices were then each tested with their own uniquely written PIC software to test features and develop interfacing solutions Once solid software techniques were developed for each component they were integrated one at a time with each other The modem was integrated with the PIC and the flash to store signal strength at regular intervals on the flash card The GP
10. slight project realignment for the Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Each member has been assigned a region of responsibility but members work in other areas as the tasks demand it A breakdown of assigned tasks is found in Table 11 Matthew S Dominick Matt is a senior in Electrical Engineering at USD with minors in Physics and Mathematics His recent experience of designing and building an experiment to fly onboard NASA s KC 135 microgravity re search aircraft provided him with invaluable design project experience The project development lessons learned from the experience will enable him to effectively guide the team while designing his assigned components as well Thomas J Davis Tom is a senior Electrical Engineering and Physics major at USD Currently he is employed at Softmax Inc as a hardware engineer His methodical yet creative problem solving skills should produce quality design and work in this project Brandon K Bailey Brandon is currently an Electrical Engineer student here at USD He has extensive knowledge with image software such as Adobe Photoshop and Illustrator and is also experienced in webpage design He was also enrolled in the EEE142 PIC Micro controller class which helps with overall knowledge of how the PIC operates James Mito D Cervantes Mito is a senior Electrical Engineering student with a minor in mathematics here at USD His current internship with Lightwave Solutions Inc has provided him with very valu
11. 0 next in 20 Get the E W from the incoming string while comma 1 E W next in 2getc if E W next in comma 1 next_in next_in 1 comma 0 next in 20 Get the E W from the incoming string duse rs232 baud 9600 xmit PIN C6 rcv PIN C7 parity n bits 8 printf AT CSQ r getc getc rssi_in 0 do RSSI rssi_in getc rssi_in rssi_intl while RSSI rssi_in 1 13 use rs232 baud 9600 xmit PIN_BO rcv PIN_B1 parity n bits 8 Invert printf Sc Clear delay_ms 50 if screen 0 screen 1 printf UTC Ny for next_out 0 next_out 6 next_out printf Sc UTC next_out printfi Nrin printf Lat y for next_out 0 next_out 9 next_out printf Sc Latitude next_out printf N r n printf Long for next_out 0 next_out 10 next_out printf Sc Longitude next_out printf W r n printf RSSI rssi out 7 rssi chars rssi in rssi out 1 while rssi out rssi in 1 printf c RSSI rssi_out 30 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 rssi_out rssi_out 1 else if screen 1 Screen 0 printf Datapoints rMn printf 0luNr Datapoints printf RSSI Chars printf d rssi chars use rs232 baud 9600 xmit PIN_B4 rcv PIN_B5 parity n bits 8 Prepare uMMC Flash Module for Data x WaitForPrompt printf C 1 y WaitForPro
12. 4 7 2 5 LCD The chosen LCD was a more expensive choice as it uses serial communication Parallel LCD s are cheaper but more difficult to interface both in software and in the physical number of lines required on the PCB For this reason a serial LCD was chosen Testing of this device was simple and quick and does not warrant a table The particular LCD chosen uses inverted TTL levels Characters were successfully written to the device with the command provided in it s manual 7 2 6 Data Mapping To create the imaging software three specific milestones had to be met First the map had to be calibrated to GPS data This was tested by walking down the sidewalk and recording several GPS points at known geographical locations Once these data points were entered into the computer their correspondence to map location was examined This test was successful as the GPS mapping is accurate to a few meters The next milestone to be met was verification that signal strength at known locations can be represented with colored coded dots This was tested by creating sample signal strength data at the GPS locations from the previous test By zooming in on the map in MATLAB it was clear that data was presented in color coded form The last test was to map signal strength data as a continuous contour This was tested by setting the sample signal strength to follow a known pattern of increasing and decreasing signal strengths along a linear path T
13. 4 Save Data from GPS and Modem Pass October 20 2004 7 2 4 Signal Strength Measurement The signal strength component of this project has one goal in mind having the PIC micro controller communicate with our cell phone modem The cell phone is connected through serial and operates using AT tention commands The hardware part presented few problems whereas the software part took a little more time to achieve Two major tests were conducted First the cell phone modem was tested by itself with a personal computer This was done by using Hyper Terminal to communicate with the modem using AT commands The main goal was to test receiving a signal strength reading from a cell phone modem also familiarize ourselves with the AT commands Also a side test was conducted successfully that proves the cell phone modem can communicate with an instant messenger program AIM The second test was a software test to integrate the cell phone modem with the PIC micro controller The modem was connected to the PIC via serial The reset button was set as a call button This test was successful as the PIC communicated with another phone using the cell phone modem The AT CSQ command which is essential to the project also worked well Table 7 Cell Phone Modem Tests Test Status Completion Modem calls with HyperTerminal AT commands Pass September 17 2004 Modem calls w PIC Pass October 8 2004 Modenm retrieving data Pass October 15 200
14. 92 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 D Prototype Pictures Figure 17 Project Casing Pictures 27 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 E Source Code E 1 C Source Code for PIC Micro controller H Signal Strength Mapper ELEC 492 Senior Design F H Matthew S Dominick University of San Diego j F EA A RE A AA MITA AA AMAR A E ERR TEE TEE EER EE EE EEL include lt 18F252 h gt chip definition file Set the Configuration Bits Using fuses fuses HS NOWDT NOPROTECT NOLVP use delay clock 19660800 allows use of compiler delay routines delay ms etc LCD Command Setup x BYTE CursorHome 0x01 BYTE BigChars 0x02 BYTE EndBigChars 0x03 BYTE HideCursor 0x04 BYTE ShowUnderCursor 0x05 BYTE ShowBlockCursor 0x06 BYTE Bell 0x07 BYTE Backspace 0x08 BYTE HTab 0x09 BYTE Linefeed 0x0A BYTE VTab 0x0B BYTE Clear 0x0C BYTE CR 0x0D BYTE Bright 0x0E BYTE Dim 0x0F Setup the Serial Receive Buffers BYTE UTC 6 BYTE Latitude 9 BYTE Longitude 10 BYTE N S 1 BYTE E W 1 BYTE Fix 1 BYTE RSSI 20 Other Variables x int32 Datapoints int screen void WaitForPrompt duse rs232 baud 9600 xmit PIN_B4 rcv PIN_B5 parity n bits 8 princi Nr while getc gt delay ms 250 printf Nyre void main BYTE IN COUNT comma colon next_in next_out int rssi_in rssi_out rssi_chars 28 ELEC 492 Au
15. CATION ALCALA WEST UNIVERSITY OFFICE PARK CASA DEL PUEBLO MANCHESTER CONF CENTER SCHOOL OF NURSING JOSEP ST HOUSE HUGHES ADMINISTRATION CENTER UNIVERSITY CENTER MISSION CROSSROADS BUILDING MISSION HOUSING COMPLEX PHASE A MISSION HOUSING COMPLEX PHASE B S AP APARTMENTS SEMINARY UNIVERSITY TERRACE APARTMENTS WARREN HALL LOMA HALL BOOKSTORE GUADALUPE HALL SERRA HALL PUBLIC SAFETY HOSE LINDA VISTA PRESIDIO TERRACE APARTMENTS pe 7 OF TBA LD me AS FIELD HOUSE MISSION PARKING COMPLEX SECURITY KIOSK MIAN ENTRACE DEGHER ALUMNI CENTER LEGAL RESEARCH CENTER UNIVERISTY OF SAN DIEGO HIGH SCHOOL SPEED SOCCER COURT DOUG amp ELIZABETH MANCHESTER VILLAGE EAST STUDENT HOUSING MANCHESTER FAMILY CHILD DEVELOPMETN CENTER JENNY CRAIG h SPORTS PAVILLION NA WEIGHT ROOM CAMPUS MAP ALCALA VISTA HOUSING Map Legend Color RSSI Attenuation gt 20 lt 71dBm 75 73dBm 79 77dBm 83 81dBm 87 85dBm 91 89dBm gt 93dBm Figure 14 Full Campus Map with Data Note If your copy is a grayscale printout this image will not make sense Please go to signalmaps com to view this PDF document in color 24 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 B Project Schematic 1 201 30 ICD Connector signalmaps com
16. Final Design Review Fall 2004 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper University of San Diego Electrical Engineering Department Submitted By Matthew S Dominick Thomas J Davis Project Lead Power Supply and Imagery Software James D Cervantes Brandon K Bailey Micro controller and GPS Wireless Modem and PCB Layout Faculty Advisors Dr Kathleen Kramer Dr Charles Pateros December 3 2004 Note This document is best viewed in PDF format All images are in color and references are hyper linked If this is a paper copy the most recent electronic version can be obtained on the web at www signalmaps com ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Contents 1 2 3 o co W o Introduction Problem Statement Market and Background Technical Survey Design Specifications OU NER AA sine ee ee a Bek Se a Sey Oe Bue E WA AE Sethe eae we a Se ese a Bae i OE MMC CC Sic tee is ME ese hs Hi tech gee Aes oe tee Sage By thy sete by ita att Atay wh gE Gee is E System Function Gi 040 o a ds Mis a ck ae Baal a De es etn Rw Sh a Se UE el ie ce Se le Sec a is O a Dc A ane rin d foo feiss ode J e Bind BERG peto A he te Nw G4 Signal Strength Measurement lt s scs ess Roos ras a EER RE e RA 65 EOD e c cesareti AAA Sa Reber eae ta OWE SOS FRE do ai eo 66 Data B oi sico eh dee aes eae 4 XR Gaeadae eed AAA a TOE Do PI ILI Current Design Status FA Schedule 22 22 one A A 12 System Testing Methodolog
17. GS 84 ellipsoid Altitude Units M M Meters Geoid Seperation Geoid seperation in meters according to WGS 84 ellipsoid Seperation Units M Meters DGPS Age Age of DGPS data in seconds DGPS Station ID 0 Checksum F Terminator CR LF accompanying time and location It is easily removed and transported to a PC for upload into the mapping software if the automated call home modes are not available The device used is manufactured by Rogue Robotics Commu nication with the device is accomplished serially A command line instruction set was created by Rogue Robotics The instruction set is simple but powerful enough to allow many different uses The micro controller software has been written to communicate effectively with the flash card reader writer Specific subroutines for the PIC have been developed by the team for use with the flash card device 6 4 Signal Strength Measurement Figure 6 Multitech GSM GPRS Wireless Modem The focus of this project is to determine signal strengths of different cellular providers Signal strength is measured on a cell phone with the RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication value ranging from 0 to 31 An RSSI value of 0 indicates a strength of 113dBm or less and RSSI value of 1 to 30 indicates a strength 111dBm to 53dBm and an RSSI value of 31 indicates a signal strength of 51dBm or greater A signal from 0 10 is deemed insufficient The greater the RSSI value the better the chance of a go
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19. S was then integrated with the PIC and 16 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 flash memory in the same manner Once both worked individually they were integrated to create one program that retrieved both signal strength and location data Table 4 Micro controller Tests Test Status Completion PIC Serial Communication Pass September 18 2004 Modem and PIC Pass September 24 2004 GPS and PIC Pass October 2 2004 Flash and PIC Pass October 8 2004 PIC Multiple Port Serial Communication Pass October 11 2004 Working Prototype Pass October 20 2004 Working PCB Prototype Pass November 5 2004 Working PCB II Prototype Pass December 1 2004 7 2 2 GPS To be certain that the GPS unit was properly functioning three tests were performed The first test performed was powering up the GPS unit This tested was completed by setting up the circuit design provided by the Garmin 15L 15H Technical Specifications In order to make sure that the GPS was powered up it was interfaced with the COMI port of one of L207 s lab computers Using HyperTerminal the GPS provided NMEA sentences thus proving the GPS was functioning properly and powered up correctly The second test done was going outside with the GPS w antenna and gathering valid data points A laptop computer was used to gather the data points via HyperTerminal This test was completed successfully and to make sure that the data po
20. able engineering experiences such as engineering design practice and manufacturing of a product With the completion of EEE 142 PIC Micro controllers he has a sufficient amount of design practice to complete the required tasks asked of him during this project Table 11 Personnel Task Distribution Development Tasks Bailey Cervantes Davis Dominick Overall PIC Software Development x Cell Phone Modem Instruction Set Setup x Flash Card Hardware and Software Interfacing x GPS Hardware and Instruction Set Setup x LCD Hardware and Software Interfacing x Power Supply Design x Static Website Development x MATLAB Mapping Software Development x Schematic and Printed Circuit Board Design x Control Panel CAD Design x 23 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 A Full Campus Map with Data Matthew S Dominick Thomas J Davis James D Cervantes Brandon K Bailey signalmaps com MAHER HALL PURCHASING PRINT SHOP THE IMMACULATA FOUNDERS HALL SACRED HEART HALL CENTRAL PLANT CASA MARIA GENERAL SERVICES HEALTH AND SAFETY FACILITIES MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATIO FACILITIES WAREHOSE GROUNDS BUILDING MAINTENANCE SCULPURE BUILDING CAMINO HALL ANEX CAMINO HALL TRAILER COPLEY LIBRARY CASA DE ALCALA JOAN B KROC CENTER FOR PEACE AND JUSTICE DONALD PEARCE SHILEY CENTER FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CASA DE LA PAZ SCHOOL OF EDU
21. e Bae ead d 10 5 Rogue Robotics UMMC Serial Flash Module 10 6 Multitech GSM GPRS Wireless Modem 11 7 Data Mapping Software Block Diapram o lt s o scora a oea a eR ERR 12 8 Datapoints collected during Tom s Data CollectionBikeRide 13 9 Filter Rendered Plotor USD Campus co RR don GE orem EE X VOR S Ro 13 10 MATLAB Griddata Platof USD Campus 26 so ce o ob RR ee Ree RR 14 II PAA E TR Ye Ete eed ie un ibis 16 12 Alumunum Control Pawel CAD Layout IA e RE eR ee ERE EEE FG 21 13 Final Project Aluminum Control Panel and Case ccoo oS cear o RR RR Gs 22 14 Full Campus Map with Data 555 ce spo EG maka papa iie A ew OD 24 IS Project Schemat eco rx xe ERR e A be ee RS 25 16 Proca PCR Pavol osa eee ka Page DEAR ae a SLRS SPE a se be eS oS 26 17 Project Caste PEctUMeS AAA eA ee EA wo A ea bebe beeen 27 List of Tables 1 Project Completion Deliverabl s 22 5 sod ks anida oo eee E Su Se rg 7 2 GPGGA Data Stream Table 5222 Wa poe rss REDE EORR RR 11 3 Power Requitemenis 2m eo A A 15 4 Nh cro conttoller Tesis opacos o RA e Re REREAD BERS a A 17 5 GPS TIOS cas aa e ee ae a ea ee A a 17 6 Fash Card T6818 n sa e a a m cp e e a REDE RUE d RR a 18 7 Cell Phone Modeni Tests o s coe oe om Ryo a A 18 8 Vivid inne Sota Moo E a Be BB AAA LAA A ja Bee 19 9 Power supply Tests cios poo Ros AAA EA AAA 19 WU Eta edo id di euet Es A A AS 20 11 Personnel Task Dist buen
22. e device autonomously collects the data but the user needs to periodically check on its progress A serial LCD is attached to the device for the user physically interacting with it However for remote management the system responds to preset text messages Specific commands sent in a text message will result in reply For example sending the text message to the device saying Status would result in the device replying in it s own text message with latitude longitude and current signal strength reading Printed Circuit Board The PCB had to fit on a 2 5 x 3 8 footprint This small size and numerous non standard connections make the PCB design challenging Power Supply The power supply must be suitable for the project Because the unit is small the power supply must also be small so as not to be the dominant feature Also because data collection sessions might take long stretches of time the power supply must have adequate total energy Additionally the power supply should be compatible with an automobile power supply such as a cigarette lighter adaptor ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 5 Design Specifications This section outlines the required specifications that were specified and delivered by this project 5 1 Deliverables The deliverables have been organized in unique way The first eight deliverables listed in Table 1 are required for this project to be a success The remainder of the deliverables are desired b
23. ect time constraints resulted in not completing items 10 11 and 12 Remote data retrieval was achievable through text messaging but the expense in text messaging all the data when messages are limited to 160 characters was too great at 0 10 a message Other remote data transfer techniques are in testing but are not far enough developed to be a success within the given time contraints GSM and GPRS wireless internet connections are complex to accomplish with only a PIC interfaced with a cell phone modem It is estimated that an additional two weeks of dedicated time would be required to develop these technologies Note however the time restraints were appropriately considered when this project was first proposed and remote data transfer was labeled a bonus item Items 13 14 and 15 were determined to be possible but in fact an impractical use of the hardware Adding the capability to constantly report back each data point as it is collected to the central computer would slow the data collection rate Slowing the collection rate results in lower data resolution On a truck moving at 65 MPH down the freeway each second counts in data point resolution 5 2 Parts All parts necessary were acquired and successfully utilized Table 12 in Appendix F lists all the parts and costs used in the development of one prototype data collection device ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 6 System Function The goal of this project is to deve
24. ed It can be seen in Appendix B The PCB layout was designed from the schematic The final PCB layout is seen in Appendix C The printed circuit board accomplishes quite a few things in its 2 5 x 3 8 footprint It is laid out like a central hub where the GPS Cell Phone Modem Flash Card Reader Writer and LCD all plug in for data and power The PCB and its components bring in and put out everything demanded by the project Click in connectors were placed at each connection point with exterior peripherals This makes assembly disassembly and modification easy The PCB also has an onboard programming port for easy software upgrades 7 4 Product Casing All of the hardware for the project is contained in a Pelican watertight protective case The heavy duty case was chosen because it is expected that the device will undergo heavy abuse while is transported around a city The case if filled in with customizable foam cut to hold components The GPS antenna is attached to the outside rear of the case via a bulkhead mounting BNC connector On the inside a MCX to BNC conversion cable connects the GPS to the bulkhead BNC connector A custom aluminum panel has been designed to fit in the case The panel has cutouts for switches and the LCD There is an additional cutout for the programming port This allows the device to reprogrammed without disassembly The project and group member names are engraved in the aluminum The product casing can be view in Ap
25. h on the University of San Diego campus both a background map image and overlying signal strength data are necessary In order to obtain the background image a 17x11 inch scale USD map was scanned into the computer at high resolution This map was converted to a jpeg image and imported into MATLAB using the imread command The result is a background image of USD in which the dimensions of the campus are scaled down and locations are referenced by a two dimensional matrix In order to correctly scale GPS location data it was necessary to calibrate the USD map using two known GPS lo cations The two points selected were the West Entrance Kiosk and the parking lot turnaround circle in Manchester Village These points were selected because they are easy to visualize on the map and are far apart The farther apart the calibration points are the more likely it is that the data scaling will be accurate Absolute GPS latitude and 12 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Figure 8 Datapoints collected during Tom s Data Collection Bike Ride longitude as well as MATLAB row and column were found for these two points From these vertical and horizontal scaling constants for the actual data were derived In order to match points the software computes distances from the West Kiosk applies scaling constants to those distances and shifts the data to its appropriate MATLAB location In tests sample points were found to be accu
26. has been written so that the only NMEA sentence read serially is GPGGA This sentence provides longitude and latitude and also indicates whether or not our GPS has a true fix on an active satellite The GA27C antenna is used with our Garmin 15L GPS unit The GA27C has a BNC connection but a converter is used to get to the MCX connection found on the Garmin 15L It has the required 10dB to 30dB electrical gain and operates at 3 3V These specifications not only make it the ideal antenna for the Garmin 15L OEM sensor GPS unit but the project as a whole It is a small light weight antenna that is very easy to move around and secure when gathering data 6 3 Data Storage Bc xa Iz iSi ues Figure 5 Rogue Robotics UMMC Serial Flash Module A flash memory storage device is used to store a comma separated variable CSV database of signal strength and its 10 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Table 2 GPGGA Data Stream Table Field Example Comments Sentence ID GPGGA UTC Time 92204 999 hhmmss sss Latitude 4250 5589 ddmm mmmm N S Indicator S N North S South Longitude 14718 5084 dddmm mmmm E W Indicator E E East W West Position Fix 1 0 Invalid 1 Valid SPS 2 Valid DGPS 3 Valid PPS Satellites Used 4 Satellites being used 0 12 HDOP 24 4 Horizontal dilution of precision Altitude 19 7 Altitude in meters according to W
27. he cell phone modem A software serial port sitting on Pins RC4 and RC5 also goes through the same MAX232A to output RS 232 levels with the GPS Pins RB4 and RB5 are also made into a software serial port and communicate on TTL levels with the flash memory card The fourth serial port also achieved through software is only used for transmitting updates to the LCD on Pin RBO The PIC reads in location and time from the GPS It then retrieves the signal strength from the cell phone modem This data is then placed in a row in a comma separated variable CSV file on the flash memory card The GPS feeds location data every second so each second results in a new location and a new signal strength value being added to an additional row in the flash memory file The current status of the system is output to the LCD Power Up Request Initial gt Setup on LCD by way of Ul buttons P Start Stop Switch Or j or Off on Power Up SS Set Variables to Default Values On Earum Collect Data Point de A gt i Number of desired gt datapoints reached A Gr i Yes Stop data p b Restart Text eee d I p lt Message Command gt Y d message status to Strom User user Figure 3 Micro controller Software Block Diagram The process described above is the main operational mode of the PIC micro controller for this project However the PIC is progra
28. his test was successful and testing for the imaging software at this stage of development was complete 18 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Table 8 Imaging Software Tests Test Status Completion GPS Map Calibration Pass Spring 2004 Signal Strength Point Verification Pass September 10 2004 Continuous Contour Mapping Pass September 24 2004 1st Data Mapping Run Pass October 27 2004 Full Data Mapping Run Pass November 15 2004 7 2 7 Power Supply The power supply for all devices consists of a single 5 volt regulator TM340 5 from a twelve volt source Each device including development board flash memory cell phone modem and GPS chip were connected to the power supply All devices worked properly Power was connected to the power pins in reverse bias and the system still operated due to the diode bridge Voltage was also varied from 0 to 25 volts and the expected operating ranges were verified 7 25VDC All tests were successful Table 9 Power Supply Tests Test Status Completion Development Board Pass October 8 2004 Flash Memory Pass October 8 2004 Cell Phone Modem Pass October 8 2004 GPS Chip Pass October 15 2004 Reverse Power Inputs Pass November 16 2004 Voltage Varied from 0 25VDC Pass November 16 2004 7 3 Printed Circuit Board A complete schematic was drawn for this project and all necessary components were includ
29. hm should be used for a quick check view of data It is rather inaccurate but very fast The GRIDDATA algorithm should be used for a combination of fair image quality and moderate computing time The EXPONENTIAL algorithm should be used only for high quality images of data as computation time is extensive After data is contoured and quantized the map will be displayed on the screen and output as an image file 8 5 Routine Care and Maintenance The signal strength mapping device is designed to be rugged as it is constantly being transported However this should not encourage careless use of the device The casing is guaranteed for life by its manufacturer Pelican Any case de fects or breakages should be reported directly to Pelican For issues with the electronic components please contact customer service by phone at 619 917 0952 Keep all surfaces clean and free from harsh chemicals and abrasives Make sure the lid is securely clasped shut when the device is out collecting data Periodically check the BNC GPS cable to antenna connection at the rear of the device to ensure that it remains sealed 22 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 9 Personnel The Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper project proposal was selected for continuation in the Spring 2004 semester The reviewing faculty and industry members chose to add two more members to the project The addition of new group members resulted in a call for a personnel and
30. ints were in fact valid they were placed in the MATLAB code used in our data mapping The final test done was to make sure that the antenna was also working correctly For this final test the same test from above was performed again but this time without the antenna connected to the GPS The data points were gathered once again with the laptop and HyperTerminal Once these data points were placed in our Data Mapping software it was apparent that the data points were not valid without the antenna Table 5 GPS Tests Test Status Completion Power GPS Pass September 24 2004 Retrieve Data from GPS with Antenna Pass October 8 2004 Antenna Test Pass October 8 2004 7 2 3 Data Storage Numerous tests were conducted with the Rogue Robotics serial flash card reader and writer These tests were initially done via HyperTerminal to become familiar with the Rogue Robotics flash card reader writer instruction set Once familiar with the interface procedures specific PIC software in the form of subroutines were developed to handle communication with the flash memory Table 6 summarizes tests and results 17 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Table 6 Flash Card Tests Test Status Completion HyperTerminal Interface Testing Pass September 24 2004 PIC Software Testing Pass October 8 2004 Save Data from GPS Pass October 10 2004 Save Data from Modem Pass October 12 200
31. itor their own signal strength but also those of competitors in order to always have up to date service quality knowledge However they keep it proprietary and do not share it with other compa nies or the public Even if Cingular and Verizon come out with similar service mapping services there will not be a common standard between the carriers The maps will most likely use different color standards and strength measure ment techniques The differences will not allow fair and direct comparisons between wireless carriers A third party evaluation technique is demanded by the consumer This project began before the wireless carriers announced their intent to provide coverage mapping to the public How ever their announcements in no way invalidate this project An unbiased third party analysis can and will be provided to the public ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 4 Technical Survey This project is a technically ideal senior design project It showcases many of the skills learned in the USD Electrical Engineering syllabus while remaining feasible within the time constraint of two semesters The project has numerous design challenges coupled with the project s diverse design constraints The major design challenges encountered as a result of the constraints are described below Serial Communication This project uses a micro controller that communicates serially with four different peripheral devices The chosen micro control
32. ize signal_strength 1 if abs I GPSpointlat K lt side if abs J GPSpointlong K lt side dist K sqrt I GPSpointlat K 2 J GPSpointlong K 2 if dist K lt rad weight L signal_strength K exp dist K falloff2 L L 1 end 34 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 end end end strength interp I J mean weight end end disp Data contouring complete SEND CONTOURING SECTION This section of the code creates discete contours and colors are chosen from the colormap Do not run with Filter2 algorithm for I l sizev for J l sizeh strength interpcont I J nan if strength interp I J 20 strength interpcont I J 56 elseif strength interp I J gt 18 strength interpcont I J 52 elseif strength interp I J gt 16 strength interpcont I J 49 elseif strength interp I J gt 14 strength interpcont I J 40 elseif strength interp I J gt 12 strength interpcont I J 36 elseif strength interp I J gt 10 strength interpcont I J 28 elseif strength interp I J 10 strength interpcont I J 10 end end end disp Data Values Contoured and Transparency Applied SThis part of the code displays the Map of USD as a background image and Soverlays the interpolated signal as color coded regions Each data point taken is shown with an asterisk ibg2 image bg hold on iim2 image strength inte
33. l strength For example a dark red spot corresponding to high value could represent either strong signal strength of high density 13 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 of any strength data A sample map from this function is shown in Figure 9 Another method of data contouring is the MATLAB griddata command It creates a contour of data that is shaped to assume all known values of signal strength The result is a continuous color contour map of signal strength data This method takes a few minutes to compute the full map of USD and is fairly accurate However griddata creates a streaking effect in many cases due to the fact that it interpolates points from recorded points that are too far away from it Also this method is programmed to assume all recorded values of signal strength This creates an image with severe discontinuities 1f the signal suddenly drops out or changes rapidly A sample map from this function is shown in Figure 10 CAMPUS MAP Figure 10 MATLAB Griddata Plot of USD Campus Because neither of the two previous methods creates a highly accurate or attractive map a customized contouring function for highly detailed images was created for this project This method is dead accurate but it takes several hours to render a map of USD on a standard 2GHz PC This method uses a weighting function in which weights of data are given based on distance to a specific point For each pixel on the map
34. ler PIC 18F252 only has one hardware serial port Three software serial ports must be created Each has varied parameters including baud rate and signal inversion Additionally each peripheral has different instruction sets to understand and utilize This variation across four devices is a difficult design challenge to achieve on one small micro controller Automated Mapping Software Mapping the data requires manipulation of complex matrices and image processing in MATLAB Recorded data must be calibrated to a matrix map and contoured to give it an understandable appearance Contouring data accurately involves many challenges such as interpolation and exponential decay with distance Signal Strength Measurement The mobile phone signal strength is gathered by reading the RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator value from a cell phone modem This requires requesting the information at regular intervals and saving the returned value Location Tracking Each signal strength measurement requires a precise location data point The points are taken from a GPS that serially outputs latitude longitude and a valid data indicator This data has to be received and only saved if valid Data Storage The signal strength and location data has to be stored in a medium that is quick to save to and easy to transfer from the micro controller system to the data mapping software A flash memory card module is used to accomplish these requirements Status Updates Th
35. lop an autonomous signal strength recorder and the necessary software to analyze the data and present it in a usable format It is comprised of six major components micro controller data storage GPS sensor signal strength measurement LCD data mapping software and power supply The signal strength recording device is block diagramed in Figure 1 GPS Reciever Two Line Cell Phone LCD Screen Microcontroller Modem Figure 1 General System Block Diagram 6 1 Micro controller Figure 2 PICDEM 2 Plus Demo A PIC 18F252 was selected as the micro controller for the project The project team has experience programming on this chip at the assembly language level However the PIC C software was utilized to write code in C for the micro controller The CCS compiler has the capability to handle all of the needs of this project The micro controller was initially installed and tested on a PICDEM 2 Plus Demo board and successfully programmed The PIC 18F252 has only one hardware serial port There are four serial components to be interfaced The hardware serial port was utilized to communicate with the cell phone modem while three software serial ports were created to ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 communicate using some of the additional pins available on the PIC The hardware serial port sits on pins RC6 and RC7 which goes through a MAX232A to convert from TTL to RS 232 serial levels for communication with t
36. mmed to digress from its data collection mode into a data communication mode When the user first turns the device on the LCD prompts the user for specific data collection setup options These options include requesting the number of data points to collect as well as the data collection rate The user selected options are saved as variables and checked throughout the data collection mode Once set to collect data the device will record data points until the specified number have been obtained When this occurs the device will send a text message either to the user s cell phone or AOL instant messenger account regarding its data collection status The current latitude longitude signal strength and the number of data points collected will be contained in the text message The PIC can also go into the remote communication mode if a text message is sent to the device via a cell phone or AOL Instant Messenger The PIC has been programmed to detect specific incoming messages and reply accordingly The exact syntax of these messages is not posted here in order to prevent others from remotely requesting information from the device An example text message command sent to the device could be Status The PIC would detect this message through the cell phone modem and respond with it s latitude longitude signal strength and the number of data points collected A few other message commands have also been created Software version and error codes are current exam
37. mpt printf O 1 A data csv Open File WaitForPrompt Save UTC to Flash Card x printf W 1 7 ONr for next_out 0 next_out 6 next_out printf c UTC next out printe TE WaitForPrompt Save Longitude to Flash Card x printf W 1 11 ONr for next_out 0 next_out 10 next_out printf Sc Longitude next_out printf WaitForPrompt Save Longitude to Flash Card x printf W 1 10 ONr for next_out 0 next_out 9 next_out printf Sc Latitude next_out prrinttf T WaitForPrompt Save RSSI to Flash Card printf W 1 Sd ONr rssi chars 1 rssi out 7 while rssi out rssi in 1 printf c RSSI rssi_out rssi_out rssi_out 1 praintfi Xr WaitForPrompt printf C 1 WaitForPrompt 31 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 E 2 MATLAB Mapping Source Code DataPlot_Exponential_Decay m Written by Tom Davis December 1 2004 OS This code imports a text file containing information on GPS location and cellular phone signal strength It then uses information from known points on campus at USD and creates scaling constants to match recorded GPS Slocations and their respective Matlab matrix location Finally signal strength is determined at all GPS points and a map is produced SLoad USD Map as Background and supress warnings warning off bg imread USDMapBW j
38. od connection and fewer dropped calls The Multitech modem is a general purpose wireless modem capable of performing many of the same functions as a 11 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 cell phone More importantly for this project it is capable of measuring an RSSI value and sending it serially to a micro controller In the device the modem receives a command from the PIC called an AT tention command The command AT CSQ is the AT command that returns the measured signal strength The operation is much faster than the refresh rate of the GPS and therefore will not decrease the rate of data collection 6 5 LCD An LCD is serially interfaced with the PIC as well It is used by the device mainly during setup before initiating data collection Text is presented on screen to let the user know about the device s current operations The power source is hardwired to a switch on the control panel so that when not in use the LCD can be shut off without affecting the rest of the system This allows the device to continue to collect data without losing battery power to the LCD when it is unnecessary 6 6 Data Mapping SIGNAL TEAT FILE CONTAINING GPS TIME AND SIGNAL STRENGTH NORMALIZE COORDINATES TO MATCH MAP CREATE A MATRIX OF MAP LOCATION AND SIGNAL STRENGTH COLOR CODE SIGNAL STRENGTH DATA PLOT COLOR DATA Figure 7 Data Mapping Software Block Diagram To image signal strengt
39. pendix D 19 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 7 5 Budget This project remained on budget Ample funds were received from Associated Students AS in the Spring for many of the expensive purchases like the cell phone modem and GPS In the Fall semester AS again contributed covering the remainder of the project Table 10 shows all items used and their cost The PCB components are grouped together in this list however a full listing is seen in Appendix F Table 10 Budget Part Cost Quantity Total PCB 20 94 3 62 82 4 Line Serial LCD 59 00 1 59 00 LCD Faceplace Kit 12 00 1 12 00 PCB Parts 46 96 n a 46 96 Pelican Case 44 00 1 44 00 Control Panel Frame Mounting Bracket 7 00 1 7 00 Aluminum Control Panel 67 00 1 67 00 Garmin OEM GPS15L F 98 25 1 98 25 GPS Antenna 59 95 1 59 95 GSM GPRS Multitech Cell Phone Modem 250 00 1 250 00 uMMC Serial Flash Card Module 86 82 1 86 82 Total 793 80 20 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 8 User Manual 8 1 Supplying Power This device is capable of accepting a wide range of voltages 7 5 25 VDC to accommodate the various power supplies available to the user Adapters can be ordered from the designers including an vehicle cigarette lighter adapter 8 2 Device Placement The device case can be placed anywhere on the moving vehicle as long as the GPS cable 6 ft
40. pg disp Background Input Successfully SFind verticle and horizontal size of background image scale 1 sizehl size bg sizeh sizehl 2 sizevl size bg sizev sizevl 1 SCreate parameters for data contouring rad indicates radius in pixels to which a recorded signal point is effective Falloff is the inverse Scoefficient in the exponential decay The larger the Falloff is the most Sweight will be given to remote points Typical falloff value is 300 500 rad scalex 50 side 707 rad falloff scalex400 falloff2 1 falloff SImports the text file and create vectors for different values Ssuch as latitude longitude and signal strength in data load NOV_16_LONG_ED TXT input_long in_data 2 input_lat in_data 1 input strength in data 3 disp Data Loaded Successfully Transform no signal to value of zero lostpointcount 0 for I l size input_strength 1 if I lt size input_strength 1 while input_strength I 99 lostpointcount lostpointcount 1 Sinput_long I Sinput_lat I Sinput_strength I input_strength I 0 end end end disp Data Values of 99 changed to zero Normalize strength value to fit matlab colorbar scale max_input_strength max input_strength signal strength 64 max input strength xinput strength signal strength input strength Convert Minutes to decimal for I 1 size input long
41. ples of text commands ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 Figure 4 Garmin GPS 15L 6 2 GPS A Garmin 15L Flex OEM GPS unit model seen in Figure 4 is used to receive location data There are two types of OEM units in the 15 series the 15L and 15H each provide very accurate readings along with low power consumption These two units are similar in every aspect except for the voltage needed to run the units themselves The input voltage for the 15H unit is 8 0Vdc to 40Vdc with the input current ranging from 15mA to 60mA compared to the 15L being 3 3Vdc to 5Vdc and 85mA to 100mA of current The choice to use the Garmin 15L was easy considering that the rest of the components involved in the project use fairly low input voltage and draw about the same amount of current The 15L unit purchased for the project has an eight pin LIF Flex Cable connector however interfacing and testing with the flex cable became very difficult so the group created its own homemade version of the 15L wire connector This GPS unit is ideal for the project because of its weight and size The size of the GPS unit is about the same as an American quarter and the unit weighs less than 0 50 oz The Garmin 15L operates at a variety of user selectable NMEA 0183 baud rates but the default baud rate of 4800 is used since other components used in our project operate at the same baud rate The GPS unit has been interfaced with the PIC micro controller and software
42. pply Since the device will likely be run from a car s 12V battery the simplest solution for a power supply is the DC cigarette lighter adaptor A LM340 5 is used to step down the 12 volt source to 5 volts Approximate power requirements of the system are shown in Table 3 All other components will be powered by a single 5 volt regulator Setup in this configuration the voltage regulator will never receive more than one ampere of current which is its maximum rated current The car s electrical system has more than enough power to power the system The device can also be made more portable with batteries Any combination of batteries that creates more than 9 volts is sufficient To maintain small size the default batteries are size AA Put into a six battery holder the pack takes up little space in the system container In tests the AA batteries collected data for three hours straight without replacement For protection against reverse bias of the power supply a diode bridge is installed at the power input This creates an initial voltage drop of 1 5 volts For this reason the minimum operable voltage is 7 volts The maximum input voltage is 35 volts and is set by the LM340 5 In addition the diode bridge there are several smoothing capacitors and an LED to indicate power Table 3 Power Requirements Device Voltage Operating Current Peak Current Cell Phone Modem 5 32V 400mA 5V 2A 5V GPS chip 3 3 5 4V 85mA 3 3 5 0V
43. r of data points collected and the device s location in latitude and longitude However if the device is turned on with the Start Stop switch in the Stop position the user will be allowed to set var ious data collection parameters before initiating data collection There features are presented in the LCD and include varying the number of data points to be collected frequency of collection and text message report periodicity Once the settings have been made the data collection can be started with the Start Stop switch 21 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 0008 Figure 13 Final Project Aluminum Control Panel and Case The middle standard switch directly controls power to the LCD This exists to save power during the data collection periods Cutting power to the LCD allows the device to save power which is especially important if under battery power Turning off the LCD saves the 100mA drawn by the LCD when it is powered 8 4 Data Mapping If a map is to be created of a region for the first time the user must know the GPS locations of two points on the map in order to calibrate the data Once this is complete the user must specify the comma separated variable file that contains the signal strength data Data will automatically be calibrated to match the background map At this point the user can select between three contouring options based on preference for accuracy and computing time The FILTER2 algorit
44. rate within a few meters GPS location and signal strength data will be saved to a file by the mapping device The imaging software accepts tab delimited columns of longitude latitude and signal strength MATLAB separates these columns into vectors and latitude and longitude are shifted using the aforementioned scaling code Signal strength now assumes values only at the points at which it was recorded These points can be plotted over the USD map to ensure location match A map of all recorded data points for a comprehensive USD test is shown in Figure 8 However to create a useful signal strength representation it is necessary to interpolate between points to create a continuous map Three different methods are employed for this crucial step Each method has positive and negative aspects in terms of accuracy and computing time Figure 9 Filter2 Rendered Plot of USD Campus The least accurate but fastest method of data contouring is a two dimensional filter A matrix of zeros is created with peaks at locations that correspond to collected data The MATLAB command filter2 convolves this map of peaks with a square matrix of ones which is a Gaussian low pass filter This smoothes the peaks and creates continuously contoured data This method is good for a quick view of collected data but it has fatal flaws in its portrayal Closely spaced points are additive in this method and therefore data reflects density of points as much as it does signa
45. rpcont colormap jet set iim2 AlphaData strength interpAlphaData Scolorbar plot GPSpointlong GPSpointlat This section converts the matrix data to image data and outputs the Sstrength data as a bmp file Second party software such as Adobe SPhotoshop is required to put maps together mapdata ind2rgb strength interp jet imwrite mapdata mapdata2 NOV 16 bmp bmp 35 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 ELEC 492 F Complete Part List and Cost for a Single Data Collection Device Parts List for One Complete Data Collection Device Table 12 08 E6L 1P10L 00 05 L 00 05 AY VO HSVIH IV LIDIG HANDAS TWIST LOddd 331440 V N 00749 I 0098 TANVd TOYLNOO WANIWATV WOLSAD TAN Vd LNOSIA V N 6 69 I 6 65 AIQGON QAVO HSVIA IVISAS OWWA SOLLOSOM 43 100M V N oo oses T 00 05Z WAdOW ANOHd TITO SUTD NSD HOALILTOW C4 D VHOLIW 6 69 6 69 247 V NINYAVO 0 cSOOT O10 ST 96 SC 96 4A ISISdD NINYAVO ZI 0PZ00 010 67 0 I 67 0 19091 HOLIMS HONOL LHDIT WIA9 AAN IDIdG UN S8008d 8t 8 I 8F9 dId 8c dd 91IXM9I HSV I4 NIN OI AAXN IDId GN dS LC6CAS8IOId 09 0 I 09 0 AZIS TINA LINDOS MOLVTIIOSO AAN IDIdG UN ZOPV 00 L 00 INVAA ONILNQOW TANVd NVOITAd OI T 00 00Z 1 00 rt L 00 FT ASW JOVI AM IM 00 1 NVOITAd OI1 000 00 T IUIS I IUIS NIL VA 001 YAA VAH NNOO AAN IDIG GON 90 FWA ET
46. the program determines the distance to each recorded data point If this distance is less than a user defined radius the data point is given a weight equal to the product of the recorded signal strength distance to the recorded point and an exponential decay that is a function of the distance The final signal strength at the pixel is the mean of all weighted data points within the user defined radius Also included is a user defined falloff factor This value is a coefficient in the exponential distance decay function and sets the weight of distant data points The method works well because it does not necessarily assume the recorded strength value at its recorded location Instead the data is much smoother and does not overreact to spurious points A resulting map from this customized function is shown in Appendix A Once the program contours the data further contouring is necessary in order to present the data in an understandable manner Several discreet colors are chosen to represent ranges of data This creates an islands of strength image that is typical of a contour map Once the data map is created it is made semi transparent and superimposed onto the background USD map to create a useful signal strength map Additionally a high quality version of the data map can be sent out as an image file and processed with third party software such as Adobe Photoshop 14 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 6 7 Power Su
47. tonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 COUNT 0 IN 0 comma 0 colon 0 next_in 0 next_out 0 rssi_in 0 rssi_out 0 Datapoints 0 screen 0 duse rs232 baud 9600 xmit PIN_BO rcv PIN_B1 parity n bits 8 Invert printf Sc Bright printf sc HideCursor printf sc Clear printf c BigChars printf USD delay_ms 500 printf Sc Clear printf Sc BigChars printf ENGR delay_ms 500 printf Sc EndBigChars use rs232 baud 4800 xmit PIN_C4 rcv PIN_C5 parity n bits 8 while TRUE if getc G amp amp getc P amp amp getc G amp amp getc G amp amp getc A amp amp getc Datapoints Datapoints 1 Get the UTC from the incoming string while comma 1 UTC next_in getc if UTC next_in comma 1 next_in next_in 1 comma 0 next in 0 Get the Latitude from the incoming string while comma 1 latitude next in getc if latitude next in comma 1 next_in next_in 1 comma 0 next_in 0 Get the N_S from the incoming while comma 1 N_S next_in getc if N_S next_in comma 1 next_in next_in 1 comma 0 next_in 0 string Get the Longitude from the incoming string 29 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 while comma 1 longitude next_in getc if longitude next_in comma 1 next_in next_in 1 comma
48. ts Kv sizev lat total Kh sizeh long total This part of the code takes each data point and converts its GPS latitude and logitude to Matlab matrix location Use the West Kiosk as a reference point GPSpointLATref lat 3 GPSpointLONGref long 3 Take each recorded point and shift is from the know West Kiosk point Sby the difference from the point multiplied by its scaling factor for I 1 num points deltalat I input lat I GPSlat 3 Kv deltalong I input long I GPSlong 3 xKh GPSpointlat I GPSpointLATref deltalat 1 GPSpointlong I GPSpointLONGref deltalong I end disp Data Calibrated to Background Map STHIS IS THE FILTER2 ALGORITHM FOR CONTOURING SCreate matrices called peaks2 and strength interp to represent nan and Srecorded values and contoured plot respectively for I 1 sizev for J 1 sizeh peaks2 I J 0 33 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 end end Adjust peaks2 to assume values of signal strength at recorded locations for I 1 size signal_strength 1 peaks2 round GPSpointlat I round GPSpointlong I signal strength I end SCreate a two dimensional filter and apply it to the data h 1 100xones 100 100 strength interp filter2 h peaks2 strength interp 64 max max strength_interp strength_interp STHIS IS THE GRIDDATA ALGORITHM FOR CONTOURING SCreate a meshgrid the size of the map and use the griddata command
49. uld be freely available and would provide the populous with a free tool to make more informed decisions regarding cell phone service carriers ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 2 Problem Statement The public demands more detailed coverage information regarding their cell phone carrier s service as well as it s rivals The information needs to be easy to comprehend and easy to access This project aims to solve these public desires To be effective the solution must rapidly and repeatedly gather large amounts of cell phone signal strength data without much human effort The Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper provides a solution by creating a relatively inexpensive mass producible device capable of working autonomously to continuously gather data as it moves through its environment Many of the devices are deployed on regularly moving vehicles in a city Buses taxi cabs and pizza delivery vehicles are all excellent potential host vehicles Each additional recording unit increases the data collection rate The device regularly detects its current location on earth from a GPS unit and the signal strength from a cell phone modem The data is centrally collected from the small army of the data collection devices and is processed and presented in a format for public consumption Once copious data is collected analysis begins The data points are merged together for placement on a map Each data point s proximity to other points
50. ut are considered a bonus It is felt that they are accomplishable but are extraneous flashy displays of the value of the core project Table 1 Project Completion Deliverables Objective Score Status 1 GPS data to flash memory at regular time intervals Required Complete 2 Signal strength stored in flash memory at regular time intervals Required Complete 3 System status viewable on LCD Required Complete 4 Usable data available on flash memory card Required Complete 5 MATLAB graphical interpretation of data signal strength map Required Complete 6 Static website showing data maps Required Complete 7 Usable and aesthetically pleasing user interface Required Complete 8 Printed Circuit Board Required Complete 9 Remote system status updated via text messaging 10 bonus points Complete 10 Data able to be retrieved remotely via cell phone modem 20 bonus points Incomplete 11 Dynamic web application showing map and data interface 20 bonus points Incomplete 12 Additional service provider for signal strength comparison 15 bonus points Incomplete 13 Live remote location tracking of sensor units 15 bonus points Impractical 14 Live remote signal strength tracking 15 bonus points Impractical 15 Live mapping of data resulting from live data link 30 bonus points Impractical All project required items were completed in addition to a 10 point bonus item Proj
51. y esc ssm ned aa AAA AA Dal MA DD A Re Swe he E O dd T e E A E A AN psa o A A 724 Signal Strength Measurement s ss scos pasesc aeo RHR roh om m p OY ER FOX y RE cw G 20 DEDO rro stas a RA F208 Dala Mapp occore ira RA ek RR Eu AA BOS Sas Ped Power Sipply osa Re eee T qu Paned COUT BOIN 25 4 4 G8 a Rom AAA A PETIT TS Budget go RR A Se bbe kG aan ke we Raw adhe Oa eee Sh aed User Manual SJ Supple DOWG o uoo e emo A Rem RUE peas de m ROCHE de ee AA Re Te ee de a AUR Log Say Device PIacemeB 21 uu a ausos een ce cmd toe Ke borat RC ee us Re E WO di oh Ida cm OS ON ales Gh tU RON 5 3 USECIMENAES sk kw wo he d eae 303 X Xm mos E egoxcR a AA Bud JLagoub 522 o n m Go y mom x mor 99 po E ROROR GR S 3 E 9 d RE Y aer REO OE Gk s BI ARE CDD DTI DEMO CY ADD L T 52 Boone are and MEMES uu uuo oe Romo aeo OU Eon LR Wem a ene Personnel Full Campus Map with Data Project Schematic Printed Circuit Board Layout Prototype Pictures Source Code El C Source Code for PIC Micro conteelleg ed a ES MATLAB Mapping Source Code ul inicia a 0E ROG GR OY VOR a Complete Part List and Cost for a Single Data Collection Device 23 24 25 26 27 28 28 32 36 ELEC 492 Autonomous Signal Strength Mapper Fall 2004 List of Figures 1 General System Block DIGSEUSUE IA IA RA 8 2 PIC DEM PEDO e uer E e Del BA ese NUS A E vpn 8 3 Micro controller Software Block Diagram en 9 4 AMICS IL o mok o komo e be oo e

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