Home

LISST-100X Users Manual - Sequoia Scientific, Inc.

1. ANGLES_H20 ANGLES_0O2 1 33 Create angles in water using the refractive index of water LISST 100X User s Guide 103 Angles in air Angles in Degrees for the VSF measurement in air are shown in the table below See also Sequoia s homepage http Awww sequoiasci com Articles ArticlePage aspx pageld 1 77 Type B Type C Ring Size bin Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median a AONNNRNNNNNNN W WO W NOOOTr NWOHODN COO OC N 16 Sa es es Co powo vA wo OW Ff O N OO 104 LISST 100X User s Guide Angles in water Angles in Degrees for the VSF measurement in water are shown in the table below See also Sequoia s homepage http Awww sequoiasci com Articles ArticlePage aspx pageld 1 78 Type B Type C Ring Size bin Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median a a AONNNNNNNNN W W W NOOOT NWHADN CO OO N 16 CC d _ Ss x_as Co posk Hw MO WO fO1 D N OO LISST 100X User s Guide 105 Raw Data Storage The values in the binary raw data file DAT extension are Format Stored in the order shown in the table below Parameter Day 100 Hour at which data taken Minutes 100 Seconds at which data taken 106 LISST 100X User s Guide Processed Data The values in the processed data file ASC extension are stored in the order shown in the table below Each sample is stored in one row Parameter 1 32 Volume concentration in ul l for size class 1 through 32
2. U O Q Q D Tl O 3 Q NOTE The volume concentration is computed under the assumption that the volume conversion constant was measured over a 5 cm path length If you are using a path reduction module PRM the concentrations in columns 1 through 32 will not be correct However you can correct it simply by multiplying the volume concentration by a factor of 2 5 or 10 for data obtained with 50 80 and 90 PRM s respectively Beam attenuation c m NOTE The beam attenuation is computed under the assumption that the path length is 50 mm 0 05 m If you are using a path reduction module PRM the beam attenuation will NOT be correct However the optical transmission is still correct so you can compute the beam attenuation using the following expressions c In optical transmission 1 0 025 m if you are using a 50 PRM 25 mm path length c In optical transmission 1 0 01 m if you are using an 80 PRM 10 mm path length and c In optical transmission 1 0 005 m if you are using a 90 PRM 5 mm path length An alternative option is to multiply the beam attenuation in column 42 with 2 5 and 10 for data obtained with 50 80 and 90 PRM s respectively NO LISST 100X User s Guide 107 Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X The LISST 100X has 3 separate underwater connectors A 5 pin a 6 pin and a 3 pin connector The ohotograph shows the placement of each connect
3. ine Display general help messages and command list Displays the list of command to the screen Example input HE output LISST 100X Commands followed by 30 lines of text Setup Commands OM o Set Operating Mode Syntax OM x or om x Description Sets the Operating Mode to one of the following types 1 Real Time Mode 2 Burst Mode 3 Fixed Rate Mode OM command only without a parameter will initiate a prompt for the Operating mode Example input OM 3 output New Operating Mode Fixed Rate Mode MA o o Set measurements per average Syntax MA x or max Where x number of samples per average Description Each recorded or displayed measurement is based on an average of measurements The number of measurements per average is set using the SA command 82 LISST 100X User s Guide ol If no value follows command prompts will be displayed for the value Example input MA 10 output New Measurements per Average 10 Set Start Condition ST x or st x where x is the start condition code described below Description The ST command sets the start condition to be used when the GO command is issued The start condition options are 1 Depth Start 2 Time Date Start 3 Mechanical Switch Start 4 Digital Input Start 5 Delay Start If no value follows command prompts will be displayed for the value Example input ST 5 output New Start Condition Setting Delay Start Set Start Con
4. It will generally not work If you are using a netbook switch to a desktop a laptop or a notebook computer in that preferred order running the LISST SOP Note for DELL users It is known that some DELL computers have an error in their BIOS LISST 100X User s Guide 123 that makes it difficult to connect to the serial port either directly if it exists or via a USB serial adapter if no serial port exists If you are using a DELL computer check on DELL s website www dell com if a BIOS upgrade is available for your particular model If an upgrade is available download and install it and try connecting again before proceeding further It is not known if this problem also exists for computers from other manufacturers 3 If possible connect directly to an actual serial port i e do not use a USB Serial adapter unless absolutely necessary and check if this makes a difference 4 Close the LISST SOP and open up the MOTOCROSS program This program is located in the LISST100 directory on your computer motocross exe Be sure that the selected communication port is correct and that its settings are correct 5 Check the connectivity of the communication cable You will need 2 paperclips and a voltmeter You also need to consult the connector diagram for the 5 pin connector both the male bulkhead connector and the cable end see Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X on page 108 Make sure that the cable is connected to the serial
5. Samples Per Burst 5 m m m ui Burst Interval fi 5 Sec M m m i Fixed Sample Rate Sample to be Average of 10 measurements Time to get average 0 3373 Sec Sample Interval 1 Sec L l Il Ii Au OIA OK Cancel Apply Realtime Mode The Real Time mode is used for real time size distribution displays This mode sends the raw data to the LISST SOP software for conversion to Size Distribution and displaying on the screen No data is saved on board the instrument when this mode is used Burst and Fixed The Burst and Fixed Sample Rate modes are used to save data Rate Modes to a raw data file on board the instrument The icons next to the various values give a better understanding of their meaning The software automatically checks the values entered to make sure that there is no conflict For example when a Sample to be Average of value is entered the minimum sample interval is computed If this value is less than the minimum permitted the value will be changed to the minimum and the text will turn red The LISST 100X measures internally at 20 Hz but the data cannot be stored to the data logger at this rate The individual 18 LISST 100X User s Guide Step 13 Setting Start Conditions Step 14 Setting Stop Conditions measurements are averaged into a sample and it is this sample average that is stored at a maximum sample rate of 1 Hz For the example shown above the instrument is set to sample in the Fixed S
6. Syntax SD or sd Description Issue the SD command to verify the current settings Then confirm 1 yes 0 no that these settings should be burned into the EEPROM to be used with the AutoStart setting Example input SD output LISST 100X Current Status and Settings Serial number 1335 Firmware Version 1 997 Feb 16 2011 14 18 45 Operating Mode Fixed Rate Mode Start Condition Delay Start with 3 minute delay Stop Condition Fixed Number Stop at 2 samples Measurements per Average 10 Sample Interval 5 Battery Voltage is 7 28 Current Date Time Wednesday August 17 2011 12 24 14 Current Day of the Year 229 Do you wish to set current settings to be defaults 1 yes 0 no 0 Current Settings being saved to EEPROM Current Settings saved as defaults Cautions If you change any of the settings after issuing the SD command you must reissue the SD command to save the updated settings 86 LISST 100X User s Guide SM o Store Mode Setting SM x or sm x where x is 1 or 0 The Store Mode setting disables x 1 or enables x 0 data storage on the internal drive No Ldddhhmm DAT file will be created if store mode is disabled Description lt is intended to be used for long term real time deployments where it may not be desirable to have the data stored on the datalogger to avoid it filling up Example input SM 1 output Data will NOT be stored after each sample input SM O output Data
7. custom battery pack to provide the 9 and 9V required The battery pack is not rechargeable One battery pack ships as standard with the LISST 100X NOTE The LISST 100X STX battery pack CANNOT be used with the LISST 100 ST instruments 127 Replacement Zscat Chamber Used for doing background scatter measurement zscat before deployment One chamber ships as standard with the LISST 100X 128 LISST 100X User s Guide Warranty STATEMENT OF LIMITED EXTENDED WARRANTY This Statement of Limited Warranty applies to all Sequoia Scientific Inc SEQUOIA products Products Any additional or different terms including any terms in any purchase order will be of no effect unless agreed to in writing by an authorized representative of SEQUOIA as reflected in a written SEQUOIA quotation 1 Limited Warranty SEQUOIA warrants that upon delivery by SEQUOIA a the Products will be free from defects in materials and workmanship b the Products will perform substantially in accordance with SEQUOIA s applicable specifications and c any Products or components or parts thereof that are manufactured by SEQUOIA do not infringe any U S patent or copyright 2 Correction of Non Compliance If during the twelve months after delivery the Warranty Period any Product does not comply with the warranties set forth in 1 a and 1 b above SEQUOIA will at its option either a repair the Product b replace the Product
8. prompt will be displayed It may be necessary to put the instrument into low power sleep mode after the battery is reconnected Re wrap the battery with the Velcro wrap Adjust the position Battery wrapped of the connectors to minimize the diameter of the assembly up lf the connectors are not arranged properly it will be difficult to insert the battery into the pressure case Before installing the end cap into the case clean and lightly O ring greased grease the O ring You may want to remove it and inspect it and inspected for for any cuts or defects any defects Use clean fingers to apply O ring grease Paper or cloth can leave fibers on the O ring which can cause the O ring to leak The inside diameter of the case should be similarly cleaned and lightly greased e Install the end cap into the case by first lining up the holes in The end cap the end cap with the threaded holes in the case installed into the A slight twisting motion will help the O ring obtain a good seal case and the case This will also allow the bolt holes to be lined up is now sealed e Applying uniform force push the end cap into the case After End cap is back in the end cap is inserted slightly rotate the end cap place 15 e Install the bolts tightening evenly until they are snug but not End cap is secured tight in place with the Do not over tighten The stainless steel screws can damage Polts the threads of the aluminum cas
9. s Guide 79 OOo i o 80 LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X Command Details Display Commands nE Display Battery Voltage was S a current battery voltage is displayed to the screen E input DB output Current Battery voltage 8 90 volts Display Disk Directory Disk Directory Syntax E or DDordd me Display current disk directory in O ieee eee type format Includes total bytes used and bytes available Example inout DD results L100x gt dd LISST 100X Disk Directory Volume in drive C is NONAME Volume Serial Number is 778B 155F Directory of C L040305_ BIN 4 136 03 05 04 6 30p L183705 BIN 1 672 03 05 04 6 37p 2 file s 5 808 bytes O dir s 15 933 440 bytes free L100x gt as Display current status information The instrument settings and status are displayed to the screen are input DS output LISST 100X Current Status and Settings Serial number 1004 Operating Mode Burst Mode Start Condition Time Start at 03 10 04 09 22 00 Stop Condition Fixed Number Stop at 1 samples Measurements per Average 10 Sample Interval 1 Burst Interval 1 Samples per Burst 0 Battery Voltage is 8 90 Current Date Time Wednesday March 10 2004 10 18 49 input DS 1 output LISST 100X Current Status and Settings LISST 100X User s Guide ga 100X User s Guide 81 ON 1004 OM 2 ST 2 TD 03 10 04 09 22 00 Current Time 03 10 04 10 18 49 Battery 890 Switch 0 Memory 15005640
10. x86 Sequoia LISST100 while on 32 bit Windows machines the install folder will be C Program Files Sequoia LISST100 The installer also creates a folder called C Program Data Sequoia LISST100 This is the default folder for saving your data but you can change it in the software There are 2 very important files in this folder InstrumentData ixt and LISST ini These 2 files contain various calibration parameters about your instrument and the software will not work if you move these files to another location Version 5 0 WILL NOT work with the older LISST 100 instruments except for processing raw data files It is NOT possible to use version 5 0 to program and offload data from a LISST 100 instrument only a LISST 100X will work with version 5 0 described in the following If you already have a LISST 100X and have the software version 4 65 installed on your PC you must manually copy the InstrumentData txt and LISST ini file for your instrument from their current locations to the C Program Data Sequoia LISST100 folder before you can proceed More detailed information can be found in Appendix E Software Upgrade Installation Procedure on page 113 Step 7 Wake up instrument from Sleep mode Set Instrument Clock Collect Background Scatter Data Offload Erase Wake Up LISST Put LISST To Sleep Step 8 Open Terminal window Communication Help Serial Port Settings Terminal Window Connect The instrument is shipp
11. File V Build an ASCII raw data file log V Build an ASCII raw data file log lv lV f Build an ASCII particle size file asc V Build an ASCII particle size file asc Size Distribution Inversion Model IV Spherical particle model V Random shape particle model Selections do NOT apply to data sources already open Selections apply only to subsequent openings OK Cancel A binary PSD file must be selected before any other file type will be stored This is used to display the processed data to the screen The ASC type is a space delimited ASCII file containing all the processed data The LOG file is a space delimited file containing the raw data from the datalogger WERE le Wal csterolaalaaT late vem tars you always build a LOG file otherwise troubleshooting the data will be impossible if any problems or questions about he data quality should appear You must also select the inversion model to be used with the real time data processing Spherical randomly shaped or both For details on these selections see page 40 LISST 100X User s Guide e Select Open Real Time Session from the File menu or press on the button Choose the correct Background Scatter File and Select an Output file Open up the operating mode windows and select the desired operating mode In this case burst mode is being selected LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition
12. Path Flow Through Chamber allows the submersible LISST 100 100X to be used as a laboratory particle size analyzer 126 LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X User s Guide Small Volume Flow Through Chamber Reduces the optical path length to 1 cm for higher maximum concentrations Optimized for pumped flow through applications and seals on optics of standard 5 cm path instruments only When combined with your own pump and stirred Sample container the Small Volume Flow Through Chamber allows the submersible LISST 100 100X to be used as a laboratory particle size analyzer Path Reduction Modules The Optical Path Reduction Modules PRM are used with the LISST 100 100X and LISST ST STX to reduce the optical path in the field thereby increasing the maximum sediment concentration that can be measured without the need for permanent optical pathreductions PRMs are available to reduce the optical path by 50 80 and 90 Large Volume Test Chamber Horizontal acrylic chamber with O ring and drain valve Ideal for doing background measurements zscats with a PRM in place Clamps 2 piece or 1 piece clamps for easy mounting of the LISST 100 100X to a frame or simply to a wire for stand alone profiling One set of clamps ships as standard with the LISST 100X Sold as set of 2 complete clamps only LISST 100X Replacement Batteries Battery packs for the LISST 100X LISST STX with 18 alkaline batteries assembled into a
13. The data is offloaded at 115K baud Transfer Status e If you click the cancel button in the upper right corner of the transfer window the current file transfer and any remaining file transfers will be cancelled wo File offloading has been cancelled Step 21 We now have the data transferred from the instrument to the PC Processing Raw To process the data file choose File Open Raw Data File or Data press the button on the toolbar Select the instrument serial number in the drop down menu Only instruments that are listed in the InstrumentData txt and LISST ini files are listed 24 LISST 100X User s Guide Fle DataFrames UST Communication Open Realtime Session Open Raw Data File Open Particle Distribution File Open Batch Processing Settings Serial Number 1335 Convert binary PSD to ASCI Exit Next select the raw data file to open o Look in J LISST100 ce Ev Name n Date modified __ L2291327 DAT 8 17 2011 1 27 PM L2361239 DAT 8 25 2011 12 39 AM L2361250 DAT 8 25 2011 12 56 AM BL 9 14 2010 3 01 PM gt File name L2571135 DAT Files of type LISST Binary Raw Data dat 7 o Cancel V Open as read only Next select the background scatter file to use when processing the data fiz Open Background Scatter File Look in J LISST100 ck Fav Name n Date modified a Ringarea_XXXX asc 5 25 2001 3 15 PM 3 TSAMP ASC 8 15 1997 12 22
14. ajax GO a screen 10301417 DER Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST 0 Data File Laser Power Battery Voltage Pressure Auxiliary Parameters Sequoia Scientific inc 1 gt First lt Prev Next gt Last lt IE Select geste amp Select Last sae D a Frame 98 e The top portion of the display is a graphical representation of the raw data from the 32 rings The value of the 32 rings is represented as a vertical line LISST 100X User s Guide 43 44 with time moving from left to right The lower portion of the display shows the time history of some of the Auxiliary parameters This can be useful for determining when the instrument came out of the water when a particular profile was started or for determining what range of the datafile to process To change which Auxiliary parameters are displayed choose Auxiliary Parameter Display from the Options menu Note that only 400 samples of the Auxiliary Parameters are displayed at a time Use the Next and Previous buttons to move through the complete datafile The triangles on the lower edge of the upper display will indicate where in the complete datafile the currently displayed section is located The vertical cursor on the lower plot can be moved by clicking the mouse at the desired location Additional information is stored in the processed datafile The Auxiliary parameter window displays these values for the curren
15. and choose the Real Instrument Time Operating Mode configured for Real Time data collection Before starting a Real Time session the output file options Output file type must be set This must be done before selecting Open selected Real Time Session Select Output from the Options menu The window below will appear Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars Realtime Instrument Data Processing Existing Raw Data File V Build an ASCII raw data file log V Build an ASCII raw data file log lv lv Build an ASCII particle size file asc V Build an ASCII particle size file asc Size Distribution Inversion Model V Spherical particle model V Random shape particle model Selections do NOT apply to data sources already open Selections apply only to subsequent openings OK Cancel A binary PSD file must be selected before any other file type will be stored This is used to display the processed data to the screen The ASC type is a spaced delimited file containing all the processed data The LOG file is a space delimited file containing the raw data from the datalogger WERE Aona tarsl you always build a LOG file otherwise troubleshooting the data will be very difficult if any problems or questions about the data quality should appear You must also select the inversion model to be used with the real time data processing Spherical randomly shaped or both F
16. and the windows the LISST 100X sample volume taking care not to drag the copper plates across the windows The assembly is designed to fit snugly between the Crossbar Standoffs If the fit is too tight the plastic sides of the assembly may be lightly sanded until the parts fit together easily Holding the BioBlock body firmly against the LISST 100X and ensuring that the shutter assembly is centered in the LISST 100X sample volume install and tighten the mounting screw This screw is provided with the unit and is not the screw that was removed in Step 3 Step 5 Use large tie wraps to secure the BioBlock body to the LISST 100X as shown in the photo on the right The tie wraps should be placed over the bolts extending from the mounting brackets Trim excess ends of tie wraps Step 6 Connect the BioBlock cable to the LISST 100X and configure the instrument using the instructions on the following pages Then verify normal operation by cycling the system using the LISST EXE software The BioBlock shutter should position itself smoothly during cycling with no binding lf necessary loosen the mounting screw slightly and adjust the position of the BioBlock slightly to improve operation and then re tighten the screw The figure on the left shows the fully assembled BioBlock on the LISST 100X LISST 100X User s Guide 119 Configuring and Operating the BioBlock on the LISST 100X The LISST 100X comes pre con
17. concentration For laboratory use or for monitoring the progress of an experiment the software can be used for real time processing Accessories For extended laboratory applications various chambers are available see Appendix l LISST Accessories on page 126 6 LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X User s Guide Section 2 Operation Section Organization General Precautions Section 2 is divided into two main sections The first section is the Getting Started section This section will walk the user through using the instrument from opening the shipping case through processing downloaded data Reading the Getting Started section will give most users enough information to starting using the instrument Following the Getting Started section are detailed instructions for performing various procedures e LISST 100X is a sensitive optical instrument please handle it gently as you would handle a very expensive camera e Critical alignments may be disturbed if the instrument is Subjected to shock or rough handling e Evidence of shock rough handling will void the warranty e Whenever in transit store the instrument in the provided padded shipping case e f placing the instrument vertically on the standoffs be sure to do so gently as the Compact Flash Memory Card inside may otherwise come loose WARNING The LISST 100X uses a laser diode emitting a maximum of 1 mW of visible red light at a
18. figure will display a bar chart showing the Volume concentration in each of the 32 log spaced size classes The right hand plot will be the Cumulative Concentration To view the samples as a movie press the Start Display button The slider bar next to the button adjusts the refresh rate The First Prev Next and Last buttons allow you to step through the measurements one frame at a time When the last frame is reached the movie display will stop Use the First button to return to the first sample and press the Stop Display button to restart the display LISST 100X User s Guide AW LISST L2441400 Sele File DataFrames LISST Communication Window Help aS ees OO a 8 B a SS B 12441400 Sets Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration 0 1 17 250 1 17 Mean 101 92 microns microns Std Dev 63 21 Sample Number 1501 Total Vol Conc 1 51 Sequoia Scientific Inc Sequoia Scientific inc Start Display _ gt I gt Fist lt Prev Next gt Last lt 1 Scale o Ll Interval Sec 60 ETE To view the value of the auxiliary parameters such as time and Go To First depth select the View Auxiliary Parameter Frame from the Go To Prev Go To Nex DataFrames menu A display similar to the one below will appear TR showing the calibrated values Go To Frame Show Auxiliary Parameter Frame Save Single Sample View Rings Calibration Parameter
19. has already been offloaded before deleting the file Once the file is delete it can not be recovered Start Data Collection using current Settings Syntax GO or go Starts Fixed Rate or Burst Mode Data collection using current settings Example Input GO Output Waiting for start conditions To stop data acquisition before it is complete press the Stop button or CTRL C Grab sample and transmit it a SGX orgx or SGX orgx Acquires single averaged sample and displays the result to the screen Example Input GX Output The GX command does not store the sample to a datafile 32 ring values 8 Aux parameters Display Raw data to screen when average saved XR x or xr x where x 1 yes or x 0 no Description If display of raw data is enabled the RAW data will be printed to the serial port between curly brackets in 40 rows t 32 ring values 8 Aux parameters Example ak XR 1 output Raw data WILL be transmitted when data is stored Cautions None YS YMODEM Offload Offload be offloaded offload at 115 Kbaud 88 LISST 100X User s Guide Example Input YS L1391205 dat Output Starting Notes The YS will initiate the YMODEM offload on the instrument A YMODEM file transfer must be started on the PC to accept the data HyperTerminal can accept YMODEM file transfers at 115K baud Syntax ZS or zs Description Acquires 20 averaged sample and displays the r
20. in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 48 C F R 252 227 7013 or in subparagraph c 2 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at 48 C F R 52 227 19 as applicable Portions of these items may be unpublished SEQUOIA reserves all rights under applicable copyright laws 12 Controlling Document In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between any provision of this Statement of Limited Warranty and any other provision of the Order the provision of this Statement of Limited Warranty will control 13 Controlling Law This Statement of Limited Warranty will be governed by the laws of the State of Washington without reference to its rules relating to choice of law for the purpose of applying another jurisdiction s law The U N Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods will not apply 130 LISST 100X User s Guide index PCCOSSOMES aeaa 126 AHONMEN ener reer cornea nC nrnnrerr trec S 91 Analog PUN i E 5 Auxiliary Parameter Window ccccee 44 55 Background ACAN eee N E 16 33 35 MPONaNCO artalea peer ae eran O r ae Mere Tere 16 Battery ANI ae istoer cadena E OA N 6 life6 replacement aecenas aa 96 BIO BlOCKucrecinenne n NNR 126 battery replaceMent ccescccessecssssceseeseseesstseseneeens 122 COnNOUIMIG urera Ene neeusnaa meas 120 WAS LAU ATION fececvecetcvevccasevacvcadabesacnededevertedieranventeberseases 11 116 BUDDICS siccsseexe ieee
21. incidental special or consequential damages any cover or any loss of revenue profit data or use 7 Limitations of Liability LISST 100X User s Guide 129 SEQUOIA s liability whether in contract tort or otherwise and notwithstanding any fault negligence strict liability or product liability with regard to any Product including but not limited to any breach of or default by SEQUOIA will in no event exceed the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for such Product Further SEQUOIA will not be liable for or be in breach of or default on account of any delay or failure to perform as a result of any cause condition or circumstance beyond SEQUOIA s reasonable control 8 Indemnification by Customer Customer acknowledges that the Products are designed and manufactured for use in non critical monitoring situations If Customer chooses to purchase a Product or Products for use in applications that could result in damages in excess of the price of the Product if the Product does not operate properly or otherwise fails Customer acknowledges and agrees that it is Customer s responsibility to provide for redundancy and or other safety or back up measures sufficient to assure that failure of a Product s will not cause such damages Customer agrees that it will defend and hold SEQUOIA harmless from any and all claims and costs including but not limited to attorney s fees and other costs of defense against such claims in excess of the
22. measured data a true measurement of the light scattered from the particles can be obtained The measurement of background scattering has come to be called a ZSCAT The name comes from the fact that the measurement is obtained using water with zero scatterers or particles lt is very important that clean and bubble free water is used The water can be fresh or salt water For most applications it has been found that steam distilled water is sufficient Steam distilled water is typically available in one gallon containers We have found that this distilled water tends to be a bit cleaner than typical bottled or packaged water We buy steam distilled drinking water and filter it through a 0 2um filter Watch for Another consideration when acquiring a background is outgassing causing small bubbles to form on the instrument and windows Bubbles on the windows will greatly modify the scattering pattern rendering the background useless Be sure to remove any bubbles from the windows before acquiring a background scatterfile Use a squirt bottle or pipette to blow the bubbles off the window A small volume horizontal chamber has been provided for submerging the optics while acquiring a background It is inserted between the windows of the optics The instrument should be placed horizontally on the supplied white plastic supports Roughly 120 milli liters of water are needed to fill the chamber 90 LISST 100X User s Guide Clean opti
23. of the windows can be easily checked for cleanliness If there is dirt or fingerprints on the windows clean them first by rinsing them with lukewarm water and a mild soap solution e g mild hand soap liquid dish soap and then rinsing off all soap residue with clean particle free water such as deionized water MilliQ water or distilled water The windows can also be wiped clean with a soft cloth e g a lens cloth and alcohol It is not recommended to use stronger solvents such as acetone or toluene Also do not use any abrasive cleaners or wipes Treat the windows as you would an expensive camera lens Step 3 Attach Remove the Communications cable from the shipping crate It is the the 2 meter cable with the 9 pin DB 9 connector on one end and Communications the 5 pin underwater connector on the other Remove the Cable underwater cap from the Communications connector The connectors will all look similar The Communication connector is the only 5 pin connector It is located below the engraved serial number After removing the cap install the cable making sure that proper alignment of the cable is maintained so that the connectors S are not bent Step 4 Install Remove the Small Volume Horizontal test chamber from the the Horizontal shipping case if it is not already installed on to the instrument test chamber Attach the flexible tubing and tubing stop clamp This chamber is designed to slip between the optical windows of the i
24. off the power Pressing these buttons when the instrument is already off will have no ill effects To open the Real Time session choose Open Real Time Session from the File menu or press the button Choose a background file to use when processing the data Choose an output PSD file A display very similar to the View Processed datafile will be displayed LISST 100X User s Guide AM LISST Instrument Selle Fie DataFrames LISST Communication Window Help a J09 ul 1 sn 40m bal Instrument Sees Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration 500 2 5 microns Std Dev 0 00 Sample Number 0 Total Vol Conc 0 00 Sequoia Scientific Inc fr sae 0 Interval Sec 60 Listen Mode Save Single Sample Particle Model Spherical Random Shape Use the Start Collection button to start and stop continuous data collection The slider bar controls the data acquisition time The Scale Button adjusts the Particle Size Distribution scale The Save Single Sample button records a single sample to an ASCII file The Next button is used if the continuous data collection mode is not being used Pressing the next button will command the LISST to make a measurement and transmit the data to the SOP for display The Spherical Random Shape radio buttons can be selected in order to display the results as being processed under the assumption that the particles are spheres
25. or randomly shaped natural grains particles Note The main power and laser will be on until this window is closed or until the Stop button is pressed Significant loss of battery life can occur if the instrument is left powered up for an extended period of time LISST 100X User s Guide Step 22 Put instrument back to sleep The Auxiliary Parameters window can be opened during the Real Time session so that the values of various parameters such as depth and transmission can be monitored The raw scattering values on the detector rings can also be viewed by selecting View Rings from the DataFrames menu A typical display is shown below 100 Transmission 0 Raw Ring Count Background Scatter Laser Power fo Factory Laser Power fi 500 The view rings display is also available when processing a Raw Data file However it is not available when viewing a processed Size Distribution file After finishing with the instrument it should be put back into its low power sleep mode In this mode with the communication cable disconnected the drain on the battery is only about 80 ua The sleep mode can be used for extended periods However it is recommended that for long term storage that the Main battery be disconnected To put the instrument in to low power sleep mode choose Put LISST to Sleep from the LISST menu or using the buttons on the toolbar To get the lowest power consumption the Communications cable mus
26. price of the Products arising directly or indirectly from such Customer s use of the Products Such indemnification is a critical part of the consideration being provided by Customer over and above the price paid for the Product s for the right to use the Products for such purposes and Customer shall not use a Product or Products for such purposes if it is unwilling or unable to provide such indemnification 9 Statute of Limitations Customer will not commence any action based on breach of warranty with respect to any Product more than 18 months after SEQUOIA s delivery of such Product 10 Software The Products may include or be delivered with certain computer programs databases or other software that is proprietary to SEQUOIA SEQUOIA hereby grants Customer a nonexclusive license to use such software solely for the purpose of operating Products Customer will not use any such software for any other purpose modify adapt translate or create derivative works based on any such software or disassemble decompile or reverse engineer any such software No title to or ownership of any software or intellectual property rights are transferred to Customer 11 U S Government Restricted Rights Notice All software data technical information and written materials provided by SEQUOIA are provided with restricted rights Use duplication or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 ii of the Rights
27. ringfs 20 frames collected Frame Num 20 BEGIN Collect Accept and Save e When the BEGIN Collect button is pressed 20 samples will be displayed to the screen as they are acquired After all 20 are collected the average will be displayed If the values are acceptable the values can be saved to a file Enter the filename in the box and press the Accept and Save button LISST 100X User s Guide 35 lf there is a problem with the instrument or if the water or windows are not clean error messages will be displayed Dirty water or windows will generally cause higher values across the middle rings Large bubbles or particles in the water can cause higher values on the inner rings or left hand side of the display High values on the inner rings combined with a lower Laser power value can also be an indication of optical misalignment If you see elevated values on some of the 8 Check for misalignment if inner rings save the background and do the some of the inner 6 rings following Open the factory_zsc_SNSN asc file are high for your instrument where SNSN is the instrument serial number It can be opened in Notepad or a similar text editor Note down the 33 and the 36 value they Elements 33 and 36 from should be around 1000 1500 for most LISST the factory_zsc_SNSN file 100X s recorded Element 33 factory Element 36 factory Now divide element 33 with element 36 Factory laser power divided Element 33 El
28. scattering measurement is critical to good Acquiring instrument performance It is especially critical for clean water Background applications where the optical transmission is greater than 90 Scattering over the 5 cm path The background scattering will also check LISST Communica tion the overall health of the instrument It will verify that all of the CTEM systems are functioning and that the optics is still in alignment set strument le The current background will be acquired and displayed relative a to the factory background scattering for the instrument The image below shows an example of this display It is opened by either selecting Collect Background Scatter Data from the LISST menu or by pressing the button on the toolbar After selecting the factory background scatter file to use for comparison the window will display Collect Background Scattering Data Output File ft _ Frame Num 0 BEGIN Collect Accept and Save When the BEGIN Collect button is pressed 20 samples will be displayed to the screen as they are acquired After all 20 are collected the average will be displayed If the values are acceptable the values can be saved to a file Enter the filename in the box and press the Accept and Save button NOTE If you have already saved a background file then decide to do another one and you click Accept and Save the background file you just saved will be overwritten without any warning 16
29. selection e A dialog box with a path for storing the downloaded data will appear Edit the path or press on the Browse button to select a new path Press OK to begin the offloading Data File Location Directory location for storing offloaded files KE equoiaServer chuck Products LISST 100X Engi Browse Cance e The file names will remain the same as on the compact flash card The file creation date and time will not be preserved LISST 100X User s Guide 37 A Status bar will be displayed for each file Offloading files from offloaded Text in the lower left corner will memory to the PC display the current file being offloaded The standard offload baud rate is 115K If you are using a long offload cable e g 20 30 or 50 m cable see Appendix l LISST Accessories on page 126 this value may be too high and cause errors during offloading If an offload error occurs you can change the offload baud rate as follows Go to Settings in the File Menu and click the Serial Port tab In the File Offload Baud Rate drop down menu choose a lower baud rate and try again LISST SOP Settings Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars SerialPort COM3 nuse v Baud Rate 9600 File Offload Baud Rate 115200 NOTE The change in download baud rate is only supported by LISST 100X firmware versions higher than 1 900 If you do not see the dropdown box your firmware version does not suppo
30. set the type of sampling RealTime Burst or Continuous You can also select the samples per average and sample rates on this screen Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Realtime Sample to be Average of 1 measurements Time to get average fi See C Burst Sample to be Average of iz measurements Time to get average fi Sec Sample Intervat fi Sec i m Wm Samples Per Burst fi W mi wW M Burst Interval fi Sec num u teterteresraresrsresesesinersenteseatesesee Sample to be Average of fi measurements Time to get average fi Sec Sample Interval 1 Sec L li Ii I suo e The RealTime mode is used for real time size distribution displays This mode sends the raw data to the LISST SOP software for conversion to Size Distribution and displaying on the screen No data is saved in the datafile e The Burst and Fixed sample rate modes are used to save data in the on board datafile The icons next to the various values give a better understanding of their meaning The software automatically checks the values entered to make sure that there is no conflict For example when a Samples per Average value is entered the minimum sample interval is computed If this value is less than the minimum permitted the value will be changed to the minimum and the text will turn red A similar test is done on the Burst Interval setting 70 LISST 100X User s Guide s e Select Start Condition
31. so the communication cable should be disconnected and the battery pack should be removed If you do not wish to remove the battery or disconnect it battery life can be prolonged with the use of the Low Power Sleep Mode In this mode the instrument will use no more than 10 of a typical battery life over a 6 month duration Low Power To put the instrument into low power sleep mode choose Sleep Mode Put LISST to Sleep from the LISST menu or click the a button NOTE To get the lowest power consumption the Communications cable must be disconnected from the instrument and the Switch Lever on the endcap must be in the 1 position Cleaning the As has been noted earlier the condition of the windows is optical windows critical to the performance of the LISST 100X Care must be taken when cleaning the windows The windows and the instrument should be rinsed thoroughly with fresh water after each deployment The windows should be cleaned with a soft cloth or lens tissue Liquid detergent soap and water may be used For removing grease spots finger prints etc alcohol may be used Do not use stronger solvents such as Acetone or Toluene 94 LISST 100X User s Guide O rings Calibrations and adjustments Maintenance Notes Battery Power and Access Abrasive powders must never be used near the optics windows they will scratch the windows and degrade instrument performance O rings that seal the mating parts o
32. steps that includes optional displays and procedures Page 40 Batch Data that has been downloaded from the datalogger is in a raw Processing binary file DAT extension It must be processed into particle size Multiple raw data by the LISST SOP program If you have multiple raw data files to files process e g from a series of profiling deployments follow these processing steps that allows you to process all files in one operation Page 46 Batch Data that has been downloaded from the datalogger is in a raw Processing binary file DAT extension It must be processed into particle size Multiple raw data by the LISST SOP program However if you have multiple raw data files from the files to process e g from a series of profiling deployments it is command line possible to bypass the SOP and process the files in one operation using a command issued from the command line Follow these processing steps to prepare your system for the command line processing Page 52 View Particle After processing of the data into a Particle Size Distribution file size data PSD extension the data can be viewed to the screen This step by step procedure covers the viewing of data and optional displays Page 54 Data Quality Basic data quality control is explained Page 57 Control LISST 100X User s Guide 33 Simple Real time data processing Advanced Real time data processing Configuring Data Collection 34 Real time p
33. transmission values drop below 1 one lf your transmission values generally are in the 0 98 Transmission values 0 995 range your measurements are taken in very very close to 1 yields clear water noisy data This means that the signal to noise ratio will be low and the data may have a lot of noise in them but can most likely still be used lf your transmission values are lt 0 10 or 10 the Data with water is too turbid Disregard these data transmission values lt 10 should be disregarded If your transmission values are gt 0 995 or 99 5 the Data with water is too clear Disregard these data transmission values gt 99 5 should be disregarded Summarizing Quick quide for data QC Disregard data if laser reference is O or very close to 0 laser is dead contact Sequoia Disregard data if transmission is gt 0 995 gt 99 5 Disregard data if transmission is lt 0 10 lt 10 Be wary of data collected at transmission values between 0 98 and 0 995 low signal to noise ratio Be wary of data collected at transmission values between 0 30 and 0 10 generally decreasing data quality as the transmission decreases below 0 30 30 58 LISST 100X User s Guide Notes LISST 100X User s Guide 59 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE SIMPLE REAL TIME DATA PROCESSING Action e Connect the instrument to the PC and start the LISST Program started SOP program e Open the Operating Modes Window
34. wavelength of 670nm The laser beam under normal circumstances is not a threat However if objects are placed in the path of the laser beam the light could be reflected into the eye causing permanent damage LISST 100X User s Guide Getting Started This section is designed to give the user a quick introduction to the operating procedures for the LISST 100X It gives step by step instructions to unpack load software and acquire data in the lab Following the introduction are details on each step of the process Contents of Lets assume that you are opening the LISST 100X shipping cases shipping case for the first time Inside you will find the following User s Manual with software disk or a USB memory stick with the software LISST 100X instrument Plastic Instrument stands Small Volume Horizontal Test Chamber Communications cable test particles insulated stainless steel clamps External Power cable and Allen wrench set Step 1 Remove Start by removing the white plastic instrument stands and set them Instrument from on a flat working surface Remove the LISST 100X from the case shipping case and set it on the stands The LISST 100X has two distinct ends that we will refer to as the Optics endcap and the Connector endcap The connector endcap has three underwater connectors that are used for communication external power and connecting to optional accessories or instruments The battery pack and the circuit board for read
35. will remain open If the time is greater than 30 seconds the BioBlock will close and then reopen two seconds before the next sample When using the Real Time mode of the LISST SOP software the BioBlock will not be commanded to open at the beginning of sampling Therefore it must be manually opened using the BB 11 command To issue the BB command open the Terminal window on the standard LISST SOP Windows software At the L100X gt gt prompt type BB followed by the input option Pressing Enter will set the BioBlock connection and issue any open or close commands If a Display Status DS command is now issued the listing of the instrument status will now include a message that the BioBlock is now connected The BioBlock uses two standard alkaline D batteries for power The electronics inside the BioBlock includes a battery monitor If the voltage of the battery is too low a signal will be sent to the LISST 100X If LISST 100X sees that the BioBlock battery is low it will 120 LISST 100X User s Guide command the BioBlock to remain open By monitoring the battery the BioBlock can be left in the open position before the battery voltage is too low LISST 100X User s Guide 121 BioBlock Battery replacement The BioBlock uses two standard Alkaline D cells to power its operation The following procedure can be used to replace the batteries It is recommended that the batteries be replaced before each extended deployment and that the proced
36. window as shown below LISST 100X User s Guide 55 LISST Settings x Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars Header Text ESAME OEE Ee Messi te ad eked Footer Text Sequoia Scientific Inc Maximum ordinate value 5 Animation frame interval 500 millisec F Show mean on plot T Save values as default e The current display can be sent to the printer by Display printed choosing Print from the File menu e Print Preview and Print Setup are also available e When finished viewing the processed data close the Viewing of data window complete pf 56 LISST 100X User s Guide STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE DATA QUALITY CONTROL 1 Follow steps 1 6 in the previous section View Data file loaded and Processed Data File and look at the Auxiliary Auxiliary Parameter Parameter Frame frame shown 2 Laser Power fo mwatts Battery i750 volts External Instrument oo volts Laser Reference 8 943 mwatts Depth ft meters Temperature 2686 deg C Aux 1 B28 Aux 2 joo Transmission booo Warming Water too turbid Sample Number fi M Show raw data 3 The first thing to look for is to make sure that the Laser Check your Laser Reference box is displaying numbers different than 0 Reference values In the example above Laser Reference is at 8 943 mw they MUST be gt gt but this number can vary from instrument to instrument than 0 and will also vary as the instrument becom
37. you to select the zscat file to selection be used for processing the data when you have obtained them 20 LISST 100X User s Guide Background File Alert Before programming the instrument choose the background file to be used Browse pres Files x86 Sequoia LISST100 factory_zsc_1335 asc with this data The more recent the background file the better your final results will be Select the background file you intend to use for processing your data Note that the software DOES NOT store this information anywhere It is a reminder that you must have obtained a good background file before beginning the data collection Step 17 lf the background file you selected is more than 6 hours old a File Background file Warning dialogue box will appear alerting you that final data warning quality could be compromised Select from the 3 options Select a different background file collect a new background or accept the risk and continue Background File Warning Background file is more than 6 hours old Your final data quality may be compromised Select different background file C Collect new background Accept the risk and continue Step 18 Start The instrument is now configured for deployment however it is Instrument not yet running LISST 100X User s Guide 21 Start Instrument X A Instrument is now configured but not started You must start the instrument before data collection can beg
38. yyyy Stop Time 2 iz fo hh mm ss C External Mechanical Switch C External Digital Input C Fixed Number of Samples Number of Samples to store fi Maximum Memory Battery meters seu OIA NOTE the real time mode can always be stopped by selecting the Stop button in the SOP window Now click Apply and then OK You will be asked if you wish to start the instrument It is very important that you do NOT start the instrument click the No Button Start Instument A Instrument is now configured but not started You must start the instrument before data collection can begin Do you want to start the instrument Open the terminal winds Instrument is configured but not started You must start the instrument before data collection can begin To start the instrument you could use LISST Start Instrument menu item or open the terminal window and click on the Start button OK 66 Stop condition selected Apply settings but do NOT start instrument Ignore warning click OK to proceed LISST 100X User s Guide 10 Now open up the realtime window File Realtime select the background scatter file you want to use for processing the realtime data and select an output file name Then click OK and the realtime window will open up Check the Listen Mode check box W Instrument Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution C
39. 00X instrument The use of batteries other than these may void your warranty The step by step procedure for accessing and replacing the battery pack is described below LISST 100X User s Guide 95 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE CHANGING THE BATTERY Place the ra 100X in a horizontal position U blocks have been an SOO for this purpose Disconnect all cables from the end e Disconnect all cables from the end cap 00000 Ez Install caps on connectors to protect pins a installed on Caps MUST be installed on connectors before submerging the connectors into water 4 Remove the six recessed bolts from the end cap The recessed bolts Use the Allen wrench provided The threads of the bolts have removed from the been coated with an anti seize compound Spare bolts are end cap included with the LISST 100X 5 e Insert the three long bolts into the threaded holes next to the The three long hold down screws bolts are inserted e Next remove the end cap by gently threading the long bolts End cap and in evenly They will bottom out against the edge of the battery removed pressure housing and slowly force out the connector endcap from the case When the O ring becomes visible grasp the ring attached to the end cap with standoffs and pull gently away from the case Slight rotation will sometimes be helpful The end cap has an O ring seal on the inside diameter of the case The compression of the O ring seal contributes to the effort req
40. 108 APPENDIX D LISST SOP SOFTWARE BUTTON DESCRIPTION s sssssssssssssssccccccccccccccsssssssscsees 111 APPENDIX E SOFTWARE UPGRADE INSTALLATION PROCEDURE u ccccccccccccccccccscscssssssssccees 113 APPENDIX F ZSCAT CHAMBER INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ssssssssssssssssccccccccccccccsssssssssseees 114 APPENDIX G BIOBLOCK USE sessast ana ni cesses a eaa RARESA E a E Naan 116 BIOBLOCK INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE LISST 100X 00 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 117 CONFIGURING AND OPERATING THE BIOBLOCK ON THE LISST 100X eee eeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 120 BIOBLOCK BATTERY REPLACEMENT ssiverovensyoieapanecexauaaavtctyaraeacetecenepalardeest ound aaae iadaaa iaai 122 APPENDIX H TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE amp TROUBLESHOOTING ssssssseeccecseoesosssssseseeeeeeeeooooooo 123 APPENDIX LISSTACCESSORIE Sissies icia a a i 126 MARRAINE e 129 Section 1 Introduction to the LISST 100X Introduction Principle of The product name LISST is derived from the term that describes its Operation operation Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST is a Trademark of Sequoia Scientific Inc The LISST 100X instrument uses the technique of laser diffraction to obtain particle size distribution PSD also called volume distribution in this manual This section describes the principle of operation of your instrument The laser diffraction method for sizing particles was invented in the 1970 s and rapidly became the most widely use
41. 28 Agrawal Y C and H C Pottsmith 2000 Instruments for Particle Size and Settling Velocity Observations in Sediment Transport Marine Geology 168 pp 89 114 The volume distribution is related to the number distribution via Nv a n a It represents the volume concentration of particles in the size range ato a da The results from the LISST instruments provide the volume concentration of particles in each of 32 size classes The size classes are log spaced from the range 1 25 250 microns Type B instruments or 2 5 500 Type C See Appendix B for further details LISST 100X User s Guide 3 General Description The LISST 100X instrument is a laser diffraction device It consists of optics for producing a collimated laser beam a specially constructed detector array electronics for signal pre amplification and processing data storage and scheduling computer and a battery system The instrument is capable of autonomous operation Windows software XP and W7 32 and 64 bit compatible is provided to program the instrument for a specific sampling schedule The primary measurements delivered by the LISST 100X are the small angle scattering properties of particles in water the laser optical transmission depth and temperature An auxiliary Analog port is available for recording data from an external device such as an OBS 3 a Sea Bird MicroCat CTD or a Turner Designs Cyclops 7 fluorometer After recovery of the instrume
42. 69 DUES Fiske naa ose stcectecuatecosdeeatdostenisenaontan 70 Fixed sample rAate cccessccsssteccssseesssteeessseessssneeess 70 eae e oa awn A AN cen 70 Optics endcap cece ccccceseeeeseseseeesseeeeessseeeseeees 10 Path Reduction Module 000 See PRM 131 CONN OLIN sted srscct a ecatosew cll canideaacetatnen ince 103 ig irs erent corre te ere EY ort me nn Cer ar OE 104 IA WATER ariiraa aira aaa a 105 Serial Port SUING S iio hse onan 75 Size MaliGe Sci teseeaicee pees 99 101 102 COMPUN O ees aO 103 randomly shaped particleS ccc ceeeseesseesseeesteeeens 102 spherical particles eos ciatiocsosien Setiesd dhcaracvetd Kissin decatisean 101 Sleep Mode UIT 10 Sle Diac 31 Wake UDr estranea 14 Software WAST AAO aeea a eens 13 113 SPECITICALIONS erson raean NEA 99 Standard Particles 0 0 0 0 ccccseccseeesessseeeseeseneeeeees 95 Start Conditions 243s ec re ee ee ae 71 depth Stall iranran A 76 external digital input seeesesessesesssessesesssressssesseresse 76 external mechanical switch cescesesseesesteeesseeeess 76 TUDO AY sects se ca cttaddestat te datecedcn ebrera eerie Cee eeotin ee 76 UNESA r riety rere nc mnt en Berar rn tn ner ere area 76 Stop Conditions cc cccccseeeseeeteeesseeeseeeeeees 72 132 GDI STOD A coe versaadindasees 77 external digital INDUt cecccessscesssseesssseessseeessnnees 77 external mechanical SWICN cccesccesste
43. 7JC004403 LISST 100X User s Guide 47 Batch Process Close f K The batch process operation will process multiple raw files in a single operation Instrument Serial Number 1004 The end result of the operation will produce files that are put into the Output Files y Directory and may include ASC PSD LOG and DAT files Background File Select Raw Files Directory Select Output Files Directory Select Raw Files List Output Files F Overwrite without prompt Process Raw Files e Only the serial numbers of the instruments loaded into the InstrumentData I xt file and have the calibration values loaded into the LISST INI file in the Windows directory can be used select the background scatter file zscat file to be Background used for processing your data Click the select button scatterfile selected and navigate to the folder where your zscat file is located and select it LISST 100X User s Guide Batch Process The batch process operation will process multiple raw files in a single operation 1004 ing nad gema o ee CP on V Deca AEs Ihat aS PAE tau Ue Uae Eiss gt Directory and may include ASC PSD LOG and DAT files Background File K Selec fC Dataizscat 1 004 asc Raw Files Directory Instrument Serial Number Output Files Directory Raw Files List F Overwrite without prompt a Process Raw Files LISST 100X User s Guide 49 7 e Select the directory
44. A set of two letter commands can be typed into the box in the lower section of the window When the Enter key or the Send button is pressed the command will be sent to the instrument The Start button sends a GO command to the instrument to start the instrument sampling using the current settings The STOP button sends a CTRL C to stop the sampling and to turn off the main power A list of the commands that can be sent to the LISST 100X can be found in the section LISST 100X Command Summary on page 79 lf the instrument is still in the Low Power Sleep Mode it will print ZZZ to the screen every 30 seconds To wake the instrument from the Terminal window press the Stop button immediately after the ZZZ is displayed The instrument will only respond to the Stop button for 1 second after the ZZZ is displayed After the 1 second the instrument is in a low power mode and will not respond to commands for another 30 seconds The LISST 100X data logger uses a removable Compact Flash Memory Card The LISST 100X comes standard with 1GB RAM enough for 12 500 000 size distributions The Compact Flash Card can be removed see Appendix H Technical Assistance amp Troubleshooting on page 123 By using a PCMCIA adapter or USB card reader the data files can be directly transferred to the PC However the standard procedure is to offload the files using the 2 m communication cable and the LISST SOP software LISST 100X User s Guide Step 10 The background
45. C Realtime Sample to be Average of 10 Burst Sample to be Average of 10 Sample Interval Sec im m m u Samples Per Burst 5 m m m i fis Sec M m m u measurements Time to get average 0 3373 Sec measurements Time to get average 0 3373 Sec Burst Interval C Fixed Sample Rate Sample to be Average of 10 Time to get average 0 3373 Sec mae measurements Sample Interval 1 Sec a OIA e Now click the Start Condition tab in order to set the Start Condition In this case a 2 minute delay is being selected LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Depth Start when depth exceeds E meters C Time StatDate 12 7 22 7 2003 mm dd yyyy Start Time 2 fo d o hh mm ss C Extemal Mechanical Switch C External Digital Input Delay fo Hours 2 Minutes avori LISST 100X User s Guide Open Instrument selected Background and Output file selected Instrument configured with the desired operating mode for the advanced real time sampling Start condition selected 65 7 e Click the stop condition tab and select the stop condition mode In this case the Maximum Memory Low Battery stop mode is being selected LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition Depth Stop when depth less than 19 Time Stop Date 12 7 22 7 2003 enmm dd
46. Compact Flash Memory Card inside can come loose making it impossible to offload data Use the supplied U shaped mounting blocks or the stainless steel clamps with rubberized inserts for vertical mounting If a BioBlock is installed the instrument MUST be mounted in a horizontal position LISST 100X User s Guide 93 Isolate from all To reduce the corrosion of the aluminum parts a zinc anode is attached to the Connector endcap This anode must be exposed to the water for it to be effective When mounting the instrument be sure to electrically isolate the instrument from all other metal Any contact with other metal can greatly increase the rate of corrosion Isolate the instrument with rubber or plastic to keep the LISST 100X from being the sacrificial anode for the mounting hardware Failure to properly isolate the instrument from all other metal will void the warranty A set of stainless steel clamps with rubberized interiors ships as part of the instrument package Use these or the plastic clamps for mounting and make sure that no metal is in direct contact with the pressure housing or other components of the instrument If you lose the spare clamps replacement clamps are available for purchase from Sequoia See Appendix LISST Accessories on page 126 Again it must be emphasized that the LISST 100X is a sensitive instrument When not in use the instrument should be stored in its shipping case For longer storage year or
47. Data Txt file and have the calibration values loaded into the LISST INI file in the Windows directory can be used Select the background scatter data file from the file Background selection window scatterfile selected Open Background Scatter File Look in E Data ex EJ Raw L0301410_rs asc S L0231358 asc L0301417 asc S L0231358_rs asc LO301417_rs asc L0301407 asc L0301407_rs asc L0301410 asc File name lzscat_1 004 asc Files of type Bkagrnd Scatter asc v Cancel V Open as read only Double click the file or type the file name and press Open LISST 100X User s Guide 7 e Select the output data file name The default file name Output data file name shown is the same as the raw data name but with a selected PSD extension Particle Size Distribution You can change this name if you wish Open OUTPUT Particle Size Distribution File Save in E Raw ms EJ File name L0301417 psd Save as type Particle Sizes psd v Cancel If other output types are selected they will automatically have the same base name but with different extensions Note file types other than the default PSD file must have been selected before starting the Open Raw Data file command See step 2 8 e A display similar to the one shown below will appear Main data processing i LISST 0301417 ce selection window File DataFrames LISST Communication Window Help di splayed to the F gt
48. E NAN 106 NOG EEE AEE EEE A T EEA EE 40 DSUs asair anes 27 40 Firmware esseserreesessrsrrressrsrrreessssrrreesssseserns 38 75 configuring for BiOBIOCK cccsssesssseeesteeessneeeees 120 CONSTANTS sensira ER T 100 Flow Through Chamber TUN AUN serene canes Aocesecatenevescane wa ae ancerenes sneuneeeeameaemiere 126 SIM All VOIM os Assorocsncertrcactcienigeirncmb ates 127 InstrumentData txt file IOC AHO enni a deters 13 Inversion Model randomly shaped particles cccccecssessseeseees 41 47 Spherical ParticleS cccccccssccessseeessseceesseeeesseees 40 46 Laser Power LOW aaa N tevencesveads 17 36 low TrANSMITHE ee eeeeeesesssesceceeceseeseesesseeneeeees 92 Laser Reference ccsssssssssceceeececeseseeseenenens 92 Laser Transmission 00 eeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeees 106 107 LISST ini file TOG SEO We toe ete N Sees asec 13 FE UL a1 Ga fe E ene ao re ee oe er 95 MeMO oasis tite ccthaca an a andes acetate dbeaee 15 Metadata oii hee radii aaa 17 Misalignment iiscciccerecensnteraria ee nasie eee eae 36 92 Mixing Chambet ccccccccsscsssssessseessseeessaeeseaees 126 MOUNINO ceine ei criciaatncaeeeddccdeces 93 precautions for vertical ecceeeseccsssteeesseeesssteeeesnnees 93 WiNA BIOBIOOOK eree E meena 93 OIG AC Haud ratereraa R E Gide 38 Offload Baud Rate ou eeessccccccceeseeeeeeeeens 38 Operating Mode ccccccccscesscesseeeseeesseeees 18 64
49. ET 36 Calibration Constant 0 c ccc ccccesecseeeseeeseeees 100 Clamp S on a evs saeaneianaa ein ve roaeeoas 127 Connector HOM a EE IEEE A EE EEA A AET 11 110 FPI T A errr ry er rr ee errr 11 109 IIs cece teashgcvansbsant tess sate lacsesnocaaneeeneetassseceueents sgcaes 11 110 BIO BIOCKS iarsa a aE E ac 110 GIAQ GAINS anena an NO 108 Connector 6ndCap sick ccohitencietaGeiaapien sedis 11 COMOSION Mieco icc eae eee 94 Data MORAG NG sini ecentt access niraen ches inetd auegteeuininaaaticeanenianes 37 view processed csccccesssccsssseecssseessseeecssseeeessaeesssneeees 54 Data Processing pateh pProceSSiN ocase ana ieee 46 batch processing from the command line 52 reaime ACV ANCSO ci er ea Secnics seated eek 64 POAT GS SIMPIC vssuissciscxssansacwuys dincedtevaecnensisemuens aesedees 60 single flessen enida iaiia 40 Data Storage Format processed dala rtincccxscersrcetsseememadicemeterenesnrnen N 107 raw dalda a N NEOR 106 Digital INPUTS eceseeesneeessteeesssseeessneeesseeeess 5 Error Messages could not find INStrUMENtXXXX s es 125 NO Valid query FESPONSE sccccesseesestseessseesssneeeees 123 External I O Ports analogoa E es hoe ar ane ame 5 LISST 100X User s Guide diala sire naa ators 5 76 77 External Power Supply ccccsccseesseeeteeeeees 6 99 File type ASC fdevtsnecin ecu events paces vasa eave se case anes ences 27 40 107 CLA aA A
50. Finished and communication with the LISST 100X shutdown CAUTION The laser and Main power are on continuously while in the Real Time Session The program will stop and the power will be turned off when the window is closed However if the window is left open the power will remain on potentially draining substantial life from the battery To turn off the power without exiting the Real Time session press the D button on the toolbar To start data collection again press the Next button The instrument will power up and store a sample This will take more time that a normal sample Once powered up the instrument will perform as usual LISST 100X User s Guide 63 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE ADVANCED REAL TIME DATA PROCESSING All operating modes can be used in Realtime mode However if you wish to use burst mode or fixed sample rate in Realtime Mode or use any other start method for the realtime mode than the start button in the realtime mode window you must follow the steps below 64 Action Connect the instrument to the PC and start the LISST Program started SOP program Before starting a Real Time session the output file options Select output must be set This must be done before selecting Open settings Real Time Session Select Output from the Options menu The window below will appear Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars Realtime Instrument Data Processing Existing Raw Data
51. LISST 100X Particle Size Analyzer User s Manual Version 5 0 SEQUOIA 2700 Richards Road Suite 107 Bellevue WA 98005 4200 e Tel 425 641 0944 Fax 425 643 0595 SEQUOIA This document is copyrighted by SEQUOIA SCIENTFIC INC Welcome to the LISST 100X Particle Size Analyzer Using this manual This manual is divided into two sections Section One contains an introduction to the LISST 100X instrument and the principles of its operation Section Two provides a detailed set of instructions for using and caring for the instrument Instrument specifications For a listing of instrument specific constants as used in the software for data processing refer to Appendix A Technical assistance For technical assistance please contact your local Distributor or Sequoia Please be sure to include the instrument serial number with any correspondence IMPORTANT Please read APPENDIX H Sequoia Scientific Inc contact information Telephone 1 425 641 0944 Email info sequoiasci com PLEASE NOTE The LISST 100 particle size analyzer discontinued in 2004 will not communicate with the software version 5 0 described in this manual If you have a LISST 100 you can use version 5 0 to PROCESS your data but you must use version 4 65 Windows XP compatible only in order to program and offload data from your LISST 100 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Smaltimento di apparecchiature elettr
52. LISST 100X User s Guide Step 11 Configuring Instrument for Deployment LISST Communication Help Operating Modes Start Instrument Query Instrument Set Instrument Clock Collect Background Scatter Data Offload Erase Wake Up LISST Put LISST To Sleep Collect Background Scattering Data Output File C Program Files S equoia LISS T100 ttt asc Warming Laser power is too low compared to factory value Current laser power 1 Factory laser power 1404 Warning Average ting values exceed factory by a factor of at least 2 0 for 32 ring s 20 frames collected Frame Num 20 BEGIN Collect Cancel lf there is a problem with the instrument or if the water or windows are not clean error messages will be displayed Dirty water or windows will generally cause higher values across the middle rings Large bubbles or particles in the water can cause higher values on the inner rings or left hand side of the display High values on the inner rings combined with a lower Laser power value can also be an indication of optical misalignment The Operating Modes window is used to set all of the deployment parameters To open the window choose Operating Modes from the LISST menu or press the button on the tool bar A window similar to the one shown will appear The window has four tabs Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition and Stop Condition Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Sto
53. Mechanical This lever has a magnet imbedded in it This magnet can Switch Start activate a switch inside the pressure case The base program looks at the status of this switch once a second If the switch is in the on or 1 positions the program will go directly to the data collection routine It will continue checking the switch status until the switch is moved to the 0 position or until the program is stopped When in the 0 position the lever is up against the zinc anode External Digital The LISST 100X is equipped with auxiliary inputs on the 6 Input Start pin underwater connector Pin 2 of the 6 pin connector is the DIG 1 input The program will check the status of the digital input once a second If the voltage at the DIG 1 input is greater than 2 volts relative to Digital Ground Pin1 the program will go directly to the data collection routine It will continue checking the status of the digital input until voltage exceeds 2 volts or until the program is stopped WARNING The maximum permissible input voltage on the digital input line is 3 3 volts Time Delay Start The time delay start condition will cause the program to wait the specified number of seconds before continuing on to the data collection routine Data Collection The LISST SOP software can configure the Base program Routine with one of six Stop conditions Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Inout Fixed number of samples and Max
54. PM F zsc1118_190207 asc 2 19 2007 8 59 AM a zscTest0501 asc 5 1 2009 1 13 PM E 3 zscTest0506 asc 5 6 2009 8 57 AM i T 3 file name zscTest0506 asc Files of type Bkgmd Scatter asc Cancel V Open as read only The LISST SOP will do a check of the laser power value in the selected background scatter file If the laser power is O zero a warning is displayed and the user must select another background scatter file LISST 100X User s Guide 25 26 Bad Background Scatter File The Laser Power entry in the background scatter file is equal to zero This indicates bad data A different background scatter file must be used Finally specify the output file name for the processed data Note that a PSD file is always created Any other file types ASC or LOG being created depends on the selections in the Settings selection in the File menu Open OUTPUT Particle Size Distribution File Save in iS Raw c EJ Filename M Save as type Particle Sizes psd Cancel The software will automatically determine the Instrument Type B or C using the Serial Number and the InstrumentData Txt file Also the detector calibration file RingArea file is being selected automatically based on the serial number A display similar to the one shown below will appear LISST 100X User s Guide Step 20 Viewing Processed Results File DataFrames LISST Communication Open Realti
55. X must interface to another datalogger or custom program For this purpose a set of two letter commands is available to operate the instrument See the LISST 100X Command Summary on page 79 for detailed descriptions of each command The LISST SOP software or two letter commands can configure the LISST 100X with one of five Start conditions Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Input and Time Delay The details of each condition are described below LISST 100X User s Guide 19 Depth Start The built in depth sensor of the LISST 100X is used to check the current depth to determine if the desired start depth has been exceeded The instrument is powered up and 5 measurements of the depth are averaged over a two second period If the depth exceeds the threshold the program will proceed to the data collection routine If the depth does not exceed the threshold the instrument will power down and wait 28 seconds before checking the depth again The program will continue checking until the depth is exceeded or until the program is stopped Time Start The program will check the current time every second and compare it to the Start Time If the Start Time is equal to or earlier than the current time the program will go directly to the data collection routine It will continue checking the time until the Start Time is reached or until the program is stopped External The LISST 100X has a white plastic lever on the endcap
56. a bits No parity and 1 stop bit Data file transfer is done using a YMODEM transfer at 115K baud The transfer rate can be changed as described in the Step by Step Procedure Offloading Data Files on page 37 Opening the Terminal Window or alternate terminal software such as MotoCross installs in the LISST100 folder during installation of the SOP with the proper COM port and communications settings will allow the user to communicate with the instrument The LISST 100X should respond by either displaying text from a running program or echoing an L100X gt prompt If the instrument is in the Deep sleep Mode it will only wake up every 30 seconds Print ZZZ to the screen and then return to sleep The instrument firmware is retained in on board flash memory and will start executing when power is applied After a power up pressing the ENTER key will cause an echo of the L100X gt prompt The Stop button will also send the commands to turn off the main power to the laser and electronics Pressing the Stop button when the instrument is not running will not hurt the instrument It is recommended to press the Stop button multiple times after stopping a running program to make sure that the main power is properly shut off Pressing the Start button will begin the collection of data using the current configuration Under most situations the LISST SOP will be used to configure and operate the LISST 100X However there are times when the LISST 100
57. age aspx pagel d 133 e So what method should you use If you are going to compare with the output from another laser particle sizer for example a laboratory particle sizer you should choose the Spherical particle model The reason for this is that no other laser manufacturer provides a randomly shaped particle model for inversion so there will be nothing to compare to Generally it is recommended that you keep both boxes checked this is also the default option so that you wont have to reprocess your data because you need to see what the data look like when processed as randomly shaped particles e Please note that when you choose to process your raw data files using the Random shaped particle option the size range of the processed data changes according to Appendix B on page 101 although the raw scattering data that are being processed are exactly the same For details please consult the paper by Agrawal et al 4 select Open Batch Processing from the File menu Begins process of specifying raw data files and all information needed for batch data processing 5 e Choose the serial number of the instrument that Instrument serial collected the data to be processed number selected Agrawal YC Whitmire A Mikkelsen OA Pottsmith HC 2008 Light scattering by random shaped particles and consequences on measuring suspended sediments by laser diffraction Journal of Geophysical Research Vol 113 C04023 doi 10 1029 200
58. alues are saved in the LISST INI file They can be viewed using the Edit Calibration Constants from the DataFrames menu They can be edited by opening up the LISST INI file in a text editor Auxiliary Parameter Display Label Multiplier Offset Unts ee ns Parameter2 Battery 001 ts Parameters External Instrument vos Parameter _ Acer Referente 1AA iw __ Parameter5 Depth Ts meters depth Parameter6 Temperature 001 0 Deg C Parameter7 Day 100 Hor 1 o D Parameter8 Minutes 100 seconds 1 0 Volume Conversion Constant o T o y Constants for Firmware These constants are entered at the factory to be resident in the instrument firmware Parameter Multiplier Offset Battery Volts a Depth S Temperature gt SS o O Instrument Reference Data Counts on Ring Laser Transmitted Power counts Laser Reference Power counts Oe Verified by 100 LISST 100X User s Guide Appendix B Size Ranges Observation Angles Data Storage Format Size Ranges for There are 32 size ranges logarithmically placed from 1 25 250 SPHERICAL microns in diameter type B or 2 5 500 um type C In both cases particle the upper size in each bin is 1 180 times the lower inversion method The table below shows the lower and upper limit of each size bin in microns together with the median size also in microns for each size bin for type B and C instr
59. ample Rate mode at a 1 Hz rate with 10 measurements per average This average is obtained in 0 34 seconds After selecting the Operating mode the start and stop conditions can be selected Choose the Start Condition tab at the top of the window LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Depth Start when depth exceeds 119 meters C Time Start Date 12 7 31 7 2000 mm dd yyyy Start Time 23 59 59 hh mm ss Extemal Mechanical Switch C Extemal Digital Input Delay 0 Hours 1 Minutes seu OIA OK Cancel Apply There are five options Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Input and Time Delay Select the mode by clicking on the button next to its label Select the correct parameters as required For this example let s select the External Mechanical Switch Start Condition similarly the Stop conditions can also be selected Click on the Stop Condition Tab to open the Stop Condition window The available stop conditions are Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Input Fixed number of Samples and Maximum Memory Low Battery LISST 100X User s Guide LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Depth Stop when depth less than 119 meters C Time Stop Date 12 7 31 2000 fmm dd yyyy Stop Time 23 59 59 hh mm ss External Mech
60. anical Switch C External Digital Input C Fixed Number of Samples Number of Samples to store C Maximum Memory Battery seu OIA OK Cancel Apply For this example choose the External Mechanical Switch as the Stop condition After selecting the Stop Conditions return click the OK button to complete the configuration This will transfer the settings to the instrument Then return to the Instrument Status page by clicking on the Instrument Status Tab Step 15 Saving The Instrument Status Page will now display the summary of the the settings for settings that have been selected These settings can be saved future use for later use by selecting the Save Summary to LOP A file name will be prompted for The file will be given an LOP extension which will identify it as a LISST Operating Procedure File Comments can be entered before saving in the box below the Summary Previously saved LOP files can be opened using the Browse button Press the Apply button to configure the instrument This will cause the settings to be transmitted to the instrument The configuration will take about 30 seconds Once the configuration is completed we can return to the Instrument Status page to see the summary of the settings and save them for future use if desired Press the OK button to complete the configuration Step 16 After pressing the OK button to complete the configuration the Background file window below will appear prompting
61. art Condition is Depth Start the Base program will return to checking for the Start Conditions For all other Start Conditions the when the current depth is less than the threshold the program will stop and return to the L100X gt prompt The program will check the current time after each sample or burst and compare it to the Start Time If the Start Time is equal to or later than the current time the program will stop and return to the L100X gt prompt After each sample or burst the status of the Switch lever is checked If the switch lever is in the off or O position sampling will stop If the Start Condition is a Switch Start the program will return to checking the start condition For all other Start conditions the program will stop and return to the L100X gt prompt The status of the Dig 1 input is checked after each sample or burst If the voltage at the input is less than 0 7 volts the sampling will stop If the Start Condition is a Digital Input Start the program will return to checking the start condition For all other Start conditions the program will stop and return to the L100X gt prompt The program will acquire a fixed number of samples before stopping For the Fixed Sample Rate mode the number of samples saved is checked after each sample is saved In LISST 100X User s Guide 11 Maximum Memory or Low Battery 78 the Burst mode the number of samples is checked only after each burst Therefore it ma
62. atus Serial Number joos LISST Operating Procedure LOP File Displayed Ready Browse A hik Summary Realtime Operating Mode Samples Stored fo ae r a je Di apea Samples Remaining esso z Battery Voltage fi 7 86 External Switch ON Date 08716702 Time 13 40 57 Set Clock suora When first opening the Operating Modes window the LISST SOP program will send a Ctrl C to the LISST 100X Ifa program is running it will be stopped This is required so that the LISST SOP program can get the status information from the LISST 100X To set the LISST 100X data logger clock to the computer clock press the Set Clock button Press the Query Instrument button to refresh the display Clock set LISST 100X User s Guide 69 3 To load a pre saved LISST Operating Procedure file LOP enter the file name in the file box or click on the Browse button to navigate to the correct file After the file is selected the appropriate settings will be made To apply these settings to the instrument press the Apply or OK buttons LISST Operating Procedure files can be saved by clicking the Save Summary to LOP button The setting must have first been sent to the instrument using the Apply button The Summary section will only update after the settings have been applied to the instrument 4 e By selecting the Operating Mode Tab at the top of the main Operating window the screen below appears This screen is used to Mode set
63. ble below shows the lower and upper limit of each size bin in microns together with the median size also in microns for each size bin for type B and C instruments Type B Type C Size bin Ring Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median 1 32 1 00 1 18 1 09 1 90 2 25 2 07 2 31 1 18 1 39 1 28 2 25 2 65 2 44 3 30 1 39 1 64 1 51 2 65 3 13 2 88 4 29 1 64 1 94 1 79 3 13 3 69 3 40 5 28 1 94 2 29 2 11 3 69 4 35 4 01 6 27 2 29 2 70 2 49 4 35 5 14 4 73 7 26 2 70 3 19 2 93 5 14 6 06 5 58 8 25 3 19 3 76 3 46 6 06 7 15 6 59 9 24 3 76 4 44 4 09 Fold 8 44 TEU 10 23 4 44 5 24 4 82 8 44 9 96 9 17 11 22 5 24 6 18 5 69 9 96 11 8 10 8 12 21 6 18 7 29 6 71 11 8 13 9 12 8 13 20 7 29 8 61 7 92 13 9 16 4 15 1 14 19 8 61 10 2 9 35 16 4 19 3 17 8 15 18 10 2 12 0 11 0 19 3 22 8 21 0 16 17 12 0 14 1 13 0 22 8 26 9 24 8 17 16 14 1 16 7 15 4 26 9 31 8 29 2 18 15 16 7 19 7 18 1 31 8 37 5 34 5 19 14 19 7 23 2 21 4 375 44 2 40 7 20 13 23 2 27 4 25 2 44 2 52 2 48 0 21 12 27 4 32 4 29 8 52 2 61 6 56 7 22 11 32 4 38 2 35 2 61 6 72 7 66 9 23 10 38 2 45 1 41 5 72 7 85 7 78 9 24 9 45 1 53 2 49 0 85 7 101 93 1 25 8 53 2 62 8 57 8 101 119 110 26 7 62 8 74 1 68 2 119 141 130 27 6 74 1 87 4 80 5 141 166 153 28 5 87 4 103 94 9 166 196 181 29 4 103 122 112 196 232 213 30 3 122 144 132 232 273 252 31 2 144 169 156 273 322 297 32 1 169 200 184 322 381 350 102 LISST 100X User s Guide The following lines of code in MATLAB will compute the lower upper and median size in micr
64. ceeeecaeeseeeeeeteaaaeeseeeeseeaas 60 Step by Step Procedure Advanced Real time data PrOC SSING ccccccccccsssveesccceeeccaneseseeeeeeteaaaeseeeeeeeaas 64 Step by Step Procedure Configuring data collection cccccccccsseccccccccceneeeeececceceeaaaeeseeeceeeeesaaaseseeeeeeeaas 69 INSTRUMENT COMMUNICATION iscsicsisvacetsundasscohieriecwerseayauadinienoucsnisuenasies iuveaaveisaacdagorensaatorceathed dacaauanenesegnease 75 LISST 100X COMMAND SUMMAR Y sayiipuy aya avanevnvevelyneavivevnyapdaauayivivnreeviasyaxavin eerste a anaa a antennas 79 LISST 100X COMMAND DETAIL S ay caecyayaianavavennievaaaeusavavennapeauenay oonnvianenauaesneaensenadoennvaaeawe 81 PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION sineicssacavequaayendyayesnvevateureaverasnyepeauanivivaonavianeanavaveceasanaeeoonavaeexirnens 90 INSTRUMENT MOUNTING STORAGE AND MAINTENANCE ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 93 Step by Step Procedure Changing the Battery cccccccccccccccccccsesscccccceceassesseccceeeaaasessecceeeeaaaaaaseseeeeeeaes 96 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION scxeicrs apsacieeyaieyapavenaunqeweaeeieavaveqenepuaceueiyevevneayiieeotagnagseagasensenuagetaviaebeapenns 99 APPENDIX A INSTRUMENT SPECIFIC DOCUMENTA TION ssssssccsssssscccccccccccsccccsscscsssscsscccccoees 100 APPENDIX B SIZE RANGES OBSERVATION ANGLES DATA STORAGE FORMAT c00000 101 APPENDIX C CONNECTOR PINOUTS FOR LISST 100X cccccccccssssssssssssssscccccccccccccccsssssssssssssssesoees
65. chanical Switch Stop 4 Digital Input Stop 5 Fixed Number of Samples Stop 6 Maximum memory or Low Battery Stop If no value follows command prompts will be displayed for the value Example input SP 5 output New Stop Condition Setting Fixed Number Stop Set Stop Condition Data PD x or pd x where x is the stop condition data as described below Description The PD command sets the stop condition data to be used when the collection data The stop condition data is used with the Stop Condition settings as follows e Ifthe Stop Condition is Depth Stop option 1 the input will be stop depth in meters lf the stop condition is set to Time Date Stop option 2 the input for TD will be the stop date and time lf the Stop Condition is Fixed Number Stop option 5 the input will be the number of samples to collect before stopping The TD setting is ignored for Mechanical Switch Stop option 3 Digital Input Stop option 4 or Maximum memory or Low Battery Stop option 6 Example input PD 3 if Stop Condition 1 Depth Stop output New Stop Condition data 3 Stop Condition Depth Stop at 3 meters input PD12 31 05 23 59 59 if Stop Condition 2 Time Date Stop output New Stop Condition data 12 31 05 23 59 59 Stop Condition Time Stop at 12 31 05 23 59 59 input PD 2 if Stop Condition 5 Fixed Number of Samples Stop output New Stop Condition data 2 Stop Condition Fixed number Stop at 2 samples Set Sample Inte
66. concentration by multiplying with an appropriate density If the density of the particles is not knows it is not possible to convert the volume concentration to mass concentration LISST 100X User s Guide The LISST 100X records the scattering intensity over a range of small angles using a specially constructed multi ring detector shown in the graphic below This measurement is also known to optical scientists as the volume scattering function and can be used as such for studies of underwater image propagation and beam spread A growing number of publications of measurements using the LISST 100X instrument is available on our website http www sequoiasci com library technical aspx SectionName lib rary A collimated laser beam enters water light is scattered by particles and sensed by a multi ring detector behind a receiving lens A photodiode placed behind a centered hole measures optical transmission he conversion of the multi angle scattering to size distribution involves a mathematical inversion In this step a size distribution is found that would produce multi angle scattering that fits the observation There exists a vast literature on the subject of this inversion For the stout hearted user interested in learning all about it we recommend the most germane study of the subject Optimal scaling of the inverse Fraunhofer diffraction particle sizing problem The linear system produced by quadrature by E D Hi
67. cs end before acquiring a background Avoid Direct sunlight Optical Alignment Because the area surrounding the windows is submerged it is important to thoroughly clean and rinse this part of the instrument before acquiring a background Toothbrush liquid soap and water works well for cleaning the optical end of the instrument do not use abrasive powders they will scratch optics and destroy instrument performance Direct sunlight should also be avoided when obtaining a background The unit is relatively insensitive to sunlight however bright light can increase the noise in the measurement and give a false background scattering measurement It is recommended that the end of the instrument be shrouded with a dark cloth during the acquisition of the background In general the background should be taken in conditions that match the deployment conditions as closely as possible The low concentration limit of LISST 100X is very sensitive to the quality of the background scatterfile For this reason when working in low concentration water it is very important that a good background file be obtained with very clean water As particle concentrations increase the relative signal to background noise ratio also increases thus reducing the importance of the background However Background Scatterfiles should always be done before an experiment Plastic bags Tupperware or clean containers of any kind can be used to acquire a bac
68. d optical method for determining size distribution for the simple reason that for laser diffraction the composition or refractive index of the particles is not important This method determines size distribution of an ensemble of particles as opposed to counting type devices that size one particle at a time The reason that laser diffraction is unaffected by composition of particles is that the scattering of laser light is observed at multiple small forward angles At these small angles light scattering is determined almost entirely by light diffracted by the particle The light transmitted through the particle makes only a weak contribution to the measured scattering Since only the light transmitted through the particle would experience the composition of the particle i e its refractive index and since it makes only a weak contribution to the observed scattering the method of laser diffraction is mostly independent of particle composition In the aquatic sciences particle refractive index is poorly known because particles are often a mixture of mineral grains and living and dead particles of biological origin Thus except for shape effects laser diffraction offers an excellent method for size distribution estimation By calibrating for concentration with ISO standard natural particles shape effects are empirically included for the determination of the volume concentration of the suspended particles The user can convert to mass
69. dition Data TD x or td x where x is the start condition data described below Description The TD command sets the start condition data to be used when the GO command is issued The start condition data is used with the Start Condition setting as follows lf the Start Condition is Depth Start option 1 the input will be Start depth in meters lf the start condition is set to Time Date Start option 2 the input for TD will be the start date and time lf the Start Condition is Delay Start option 5 the input will be time delay in seconds The TD setting is ignored for Mechanical Switch Start option 3 or Digital Input Start option 4 If no value follows command prompts will be displayed for the value Example input TD 3 if Start Condition 1 Depth Start output New Start Condition data 3 start Condition Depth Start at 3 meters input TD 12 31 05 23 59 59 if Start Condition 2 Time Date Start output New Start Condition data 12 31 05 23 59 59 Start Condition Time Start at 12 81 05 23 59 59 Input TD 2 if Start Condition 5 Delay Start Output New Start Condition data 2 Start Condition Delay Start with 2 minute delay SPO Set Stop Condition LISST 100X User s Guide 83 SP x or sp x where x is the stop condition code described below Description The SP command sets the stop condition to be used when collecting data The stop condition options are 1 Depth Stop 2 Time Date Stop 3 Me
70. e button from the toolbar A list of files will appear Select Files on Datalogger cas Highlighting to select files on datalogger from the following list then press OK Name Size Modified L0461111 DAT 115 200 02 15 11 12 23p L0461838 DAT 4 089 600 02 16 11 2 17p L0471425 DAT 25 280 02 16 11 2 30p L0471516 DAT 8 875 280 02 18 11 10 04a L0701 708 DAT 8 000 03 11 11 5 09p L2291327 DAT 240 08 17 11 1 2 p L2361239 DAT 560 08 24 11 12 39p L2361250 DAT 14 000 08 24 11 12 56p L2571135 DA4T 989 920 09 14 10 3 01p L2700841 DAT 09 27 11 8 42a L2700856 DAT 09 27 11 8 56a L2700858 DAT 09 27 11 8 58a L2700901 DAT 09 27 11 9 01a L2700905 DAT 09 27 11 9 05a L2700906 DAT 09 27 11 9 06a L2700911 DAT 09 27 11 9 11a L2700954 DAT 09 27 11 3 54a L2701217 DAT 09 27 11 12 17p L2731725 DAT 09 30 11 5 26p Cancel Choose the files to offload by clicking on them while holding down LISST 100X User s Guide the CTRL key The Shift key can also be used to select a range of files Select OK and then choose a location to save the files to Data File Location Directory location for storing offloaded files Browse Pa ata Sequoia LISST100 V Prompt before overwriting files Cancel The files will be saved with names in the following format Ldddhhmm dat where ddd is the day of the year hh is the hour and mm is the minute that the file was first written to As the data is downloading a Transfer Status window will appear
71. e instrument must be already configured for real time sampling and be running i e not hibernating To wake from hibernation choose Wake Up LISST from LISST menu Open raw or processed file Depending on extension of file requested to open the appropriate procedure is started Open Real Time Session Queries the instrument for its current configuration and displays the information to the screen Offloads stored data to a file for later processing Erases the datafile by resetting the datafile pointer variable D in former versions to zero Sends a CTRL C to the instrument to stop a running program Also sends PCLR 10 to turn off main power Set Instrument Sets the internal instrument clock to match the currently Clock connected computer clock Opens the Instrument Sampling Configuration window Operating Modes where operating mode and sampling schemes can be configured Opens the real time background collection windows where background scattering files can be collected in real time When the instrument communication has not been initialized the Connect Disconnect button will be a red light Pressing the button will toggle the communications status When the Connect Disconnect button is showing Collect Background a green light the instrument communication has been initialized Pressing the button will disconnect the instrument Pressing the Open Terminal button will bring up the terminal window for communica
72. e Click the close button in the top right when you are done LISST 100X User s Guide Close the batch processing window 51 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE BATCH PROCESSING MULTIPLE RAW DATA FILES FROMTHE COMMAND LINE gt gt lt gt lt gt o gt gt Once you have processed one set of batch files it is Batch processing possible to call the batch processing routing from the from the command command line for future use line The command line batch command DOES NOT Precautions using accept directories or filename inputs batch processing In order for it to work you MUST FIRST batch process from the command a set of files using the batch processing procedure line described on page 46 in order to set up correct paths for the zscat files and raw and processed directories to be used The paths and file names are stored in the LISST INI file which resides in the C Program Data Sequoia LISST100 directory You can examine the LISST INI file before and after batch processing to gain familiarity with the changes that happens to the INI file Issue the following command at the command line Issuing the batch prompt processing lisst exe batch command and all files in the directories selected in the Batch Processing Files menu will be processed for the instrument serial number and zscat file selected The LISST SOP program will not open up and you will not be given any status bar Type the
73. e Select First and Select Last points do not need to be on the same displayed plot After selecting the range to process press the Process Processing File button The display will show the processing Completed progress and the Process File button text will change to Finished when the processing is complete The window can now be closed LISST 100X User s Guide 45 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE BATCH PROCESSING MULTIPLE RAW DATAFILES eee Start the LISST SOP program Program started e Select Settings from the File menu and click on the Select file tyoes to be Output Tab The window below will appear prompting created for the desired output to use for the future data processing This selection must be made BEFORE seule the processing command Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars Realtime Instrument Data Processing Existing Raw Data File V Build an ASCII raw data file log V Build an ASCII raw data file log iv A Build an ASCII particle size file asc V Build an ASCII particle size file asc Size Distribution Inversion Model V Spherical particle model V Random shape particle model Selections do NOT apply to data sources already open Selections apply only to subsequent openings OK Cancel NOTE A binary PSD file is always created when processing raw data This is used to display the processed data to the screen The ASC type is a space delimited ASCII file con
74. e desired output to use for the future data processing This selection must be made BEFORE starting the processing command Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars Realtime Instrument Data Processing Existing Raw Data File V Build an ASCII raw data file log V Build an ASCII raw data file log lv v f Build an ASCII particle size file asc V Build an ASCII particle size file asc Size Distribution Inversion Model V Spherical particle model V Random shape particle model Selections do NOT apply to data sources already open Selections apply only to subsequent openings OK Cancel NOTE A binary PSD file is always created when processing raw data This is used to display the processed data to the screen using the software The ASC file is a space delimited ASCII file containing the fully processed and calibrated data This is useful for loading into spreadsheets such as Excel etc The LOG file is a space delimited ASCII file containing the raw data from the LISST 100X data logger This is useful for looking at the raw data in a spreadsheet such as Excel etc 3 e You must also select the inversion model to be used select inversion with the real time data processing Spherical method s to be used randomly shaped or both spherical randomly shaped or both e The Spherical particle model performs the mathematical inversion under the assumption that the particles tha
75. e if over tightened The end cap has a radial O ring seal and is not dependent on the tightness of the screws for sealing LISST 100X User s Guide 97 98 LISST 100X User s Guide Technical Specifications Parameters measured derived Particle Size distribution Total Volume Concentration Optical Transmission Depth Temperature An external analog input 0 2 5V Two external digital I O ports 5V logic Optical path length 5 cm standard 2 5 cm optional Optical transmission 12 bit resolution Particle size range Type B 1 25 250 micron diameter Type C 2 5 500 micron Resolution 32 size classes log spaced Data storage memory 1GB 12 million measurements standard Maximum sample speed 1 size distributions per second standard Temperature sensor range 10 to 45 C resolution 0 01 C Depth Sensor range 0 to 300 m of H2O resolution 0 08 m of H2O External power input 12V nominal 9 15V max 0 5 A min 9 24V max 0 5 A min for units shipped after 1 March 2012 Dimensions 13 33 cm 5 25 x 80 7 cm 31 75 L Weight in air 12 kg 25 Ib Weight in water 4 kg 8 5 Ib Depth rating 300 m Connector Endcap screws Socket head cap screws 8 32 3 4 long Endcap O ring Parker Part 2 244 LISST 100X User s Guide 99 Appendix A Instrument Specific Documentation Instrument Instrument Owner Auxiliary Parameters The table below lists the auxiliary parameter labels and calibration constants These v
76. ed in a low power Sleep mode to conserve battery power To wake up the instrument select Wake Up LISST from the LISST menu or press the i button A dialog box will appear counting down the maximum time required for the instrument to wake up The instrument sleeps for 30 seconds wakes up for 1 second to look for a wake up command and then goes back to sleep Therefore the wait could be as long as 32 seconds for the LISST 100X Upon wake up the instrument status will be displayed If the cable connections are not correct or if the battery is not installed a warning message will appear after the time expires The serial port settings can be checked by selecting Serial Port Settings from the Communication menu The default settings are COM1 9600 baud 8 data bits No parity 1 stop bit and no protocol Wake Up Instrument Es Waking up the instrument can take as long as 138 seconds 3 Seconds have passed The LISST SOP has a terminal window that allows the user to communicate directly with the instrument using a set of 2 letter commands see LISST 100X Command Summary on page 79 for details To open the Terminal window select Terminal Window from the Communication window or select the 5 button form the tool bar A window similar to the one shown below will appear LISST 100X User s Guide Step 9 Datalogger lt A PO Send O Port open Stop Start lf you do not see the L100x gt prompt click the Send button
77. efault option so that you wont have to reprocess your data because you need to see what the data look like when processed as randomly shaped particles e Please note that when you choose to process your raw data files using the Random shaped particle option the size range of the processed data changes according to Appendix B Size Ranges Observation Angles Data Storage Format on page 101 although the raw scattering data that are being processed are exactly the same For details please consult the paper by Agrawal et al 2008 4 e Select Open Raw Data File from the File menu Begins process of Agrawal YC Whitmire A Mikkelsen OA Pottsmith HC 2008 Light scattering by random shaped particles and consequences on measuring suspended sediments by laser diffraction Journal of Geophysical Research Vol 113 C04023 doi 10 1029 2007JC004403 LISST 100X User s Guide 41 42 Open Raw Data File i specifying raw data file and all Look in Raw e ex EB information needed L0231358 DAT L0301407 DAT L0301410 DAT 1 3 L0301417 DAT for data processing Filename L0301417 DAT Files of type LISST Binary Raw Data dat g Cancel V Open as read only e Choose the serial number of the instrument that Instrument serial collected the data to be processed number selected Select Instrument Serial Number 1004 OK Only the serial numbers of the instruments loaded into the Instrument
78. email and the subject line clearly indicating instrument type and serial number Email the data to your local Sequoia distributor together with a detailed explanation of what you were doing and how the data were collected If you purchased the instrument directly from Sequoia email the data to info Sequoiasci com PLEASE NOTE We cannot use the psd or asc files produced by the LISST SOP for roubleshooting do not include these in your email We can onl the information listed in 1 3 above Q When try to query the instrument get this error No valid query response received from instrument Check communication cable connections check batteries or power supply check serial port settings OK A In addition to checking the cable power and serial port settings make sure that the instrument is not running or sleeping Open up the terminal window and confirm that no program is running If a program is running stop it by clikcing the button close the terminal window and try to query the instrument again Q cannot connect to my LISST 100X The communication cable is connected to my computer as well as my LISST 100X and the LISST SOP is running but am unable to talk to the instrument A Check the following 1 First make sure that the instrument is not already programmed and waiting for a start event to appear see the Q amp A immediately above this one 2 Do not use a netbook for connecting to a LISST 100X
79. ement 36 by factory laser reference This is the factory laser ratio Open the background file you just saved and write down the 33 and 36 value Element 33 new background Element 36 new background Now divide element 33 with element 36 Zscat laser power divided Element 33 Element 36 by zscat laser reference This is the zscat laser ratio Divide zscat laser ratio with factory laser ratio Is this value lt 0 85 If so your instrument may be misaligned Do you see elevated values on ALL of the 4 8 Check for bubbles inner rings Most likely bubbles as misalignment cannot increase the ring value on rings 1 4 at the same time 36 LISST 100X User s Guide STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE OFFLOADING DATA FILES Select Offload from the LISST menu or press on Gets current directory of the Offload button files from memory and displays the list 3 e Choose the files to be offloaded by clicking on Files selected and path set the file name on the list Multiple files can be selected by hold down the CTRL key while clicking on files Use the SHIFT key to select a range of files Select Files on Datalogger Highlighting to select files on datalogger from the following list then press OK Name Size Modified L3291134 DAT 11 25 09 11 34a L3381329 DAT 12 04 09 1 38p L3560200 DAT 12 22 09 2 01a L3560700 DAT 12 22 09 7 02a L3560736 DAT 12 22 09 7 39a x e Press the OK button to accept the current
80. es older and to some extent with temperature Values around 0 5 2 mW are the most common values Laser Reference should never be 0 or very close to 0 e g 0 02 mW If this is the case the laser is most likely dead In this case only your pressure data and temperature data will be any good The laser must be replaced Contact Sequoia or your local distributor for instructions on what to do Tip If you selected Create ASC file when processing your data you can load the ASC file into Excel or another spreadsheet and easily check all the Laser Reference values the Laser Reference value is in column number 36 column AJ in Excel LISST 100X User s Guide 57 The next thing to look for is to check the Transmission It is physically values The transmission must be a number between 0 impossible for the and 1 Transmission value It is physically impossible for the transmission to t be less than 0 be negative or larger than 1 one zero or larger than 1 one Tip The transmission value is in column 41 of the ASC om file column AO in Excel lf transmission shows up as being larger than 1 one then your measurement is most likely taken in very clear water and or you have a bad zscat measurement obtained with dirty water and or dirty windows If your zscat measurement was obtained using dirty water it may be possible to redo the zscat using clean water and re process the data then check to see if the
81. essteeeeennees 77 fixed number Of samples ccceeseeestecssteseteeesseeeeees 77 OW bate N ienn a E talus ete Goce 78 maximum Memo enrenar E 78 UNE SLO Dials topeneen eaea A e EATE 77 SIO AGC nan A ENET 94 SUMON e ne neo Setter Raine EN N 91 Temperature Sensor ccccccccscceseeseeceseeesseesseessseeees 5 Terminal WiIndOwW cc ccccccccccesccceesccceesceceescecausees 75 Test Chamber large Voli E snin a N N NE 127 standard ZS CA aiir E N 128 Troubleshooting cannot COMMOCT eessen a neste nteeweks 123 CANOE onload aanne a i A aos 125 Two Letter Commands cccessssssssssseeeceeeeeeess 75 View RINGS cece cccessecessceesssseecsseeessseeeeesseeessaeeessaaees 45 ZSCat Gamer r anser R e 128 SAO N aR 114 LISST 100X User s Guide
82. esult to the screen The ZS command is used by the LISST SOP program when acquiring ZS Grab 20 samples and transmit it a background Example Input ZS Output 32 ring values 8 Aux parameters repeat 20 times The ZS command does not store the sample to a datafile ZZ Go into deep sleep mode minimum power consumption Sends LISST 25X in to low power sleep mode Instrument will wake up every 10 seconds and wait for a response If there is no response with in 2 seconds the instrument will return to sleep mode Example Input ZZ Output Deep Sleep Enter zz to wake up Deep Sleep Enter zz to wake up Deep Sleep Enter zz to wake up Cautions The background scattering data and other settings are not affected by the ZZ command LISST 100X User s Guide 89 Performance Optimization This section contains information on optimizing the performance of the LISST 100X Background As was discussed in earlier sections the LISST 100X uses Scatterfile and its a custom detector to measure light scattered at small Importance angles from particles in water In order to measure only the scattered light contributed by the particles a measurement of the background scattering must be obtained This background scattering can come from a number of areas scratches on the windows imperfections on the optics and other sources all contribute to the scattered light By subtracting this background scattering from the
83. f the instrument must be maintained and inspected regularly Whenever the connector end cap is removed check the O ring for any cuts or marks and clean and lightly grease the O ring before installing the end cap Spare end cap O rings have been provided O rings are inexpensive items that provide an invaluable service replace them if in any doubt about their condition When replacing the O ring be sure to clean the O ring groove thoroughly with cotton swabs etc making sure that no fibers or particles of dirt are left after the cleaning The LISST 100X should not require any adjustment or calibrations The pressure and temperature sensors can be re calibrated if desired The performance of the instrument can be checked with the use of a sample of particles of a known size distribution Such samples ship as part of the instrument package Standard particles can be obtained from manufacturers of standard particles such as Whitehouse scientific http Awww whitehousescientific com or PTI Powder Technology Inc http AWwww powdertechnologyinc com Comparison of the LISST 100X s performance with that of other particle size measuring devices that are not based on laser diffraction may result in inconsistencies because the instruments may measure different properties of the particles to interpret particle size The main battery is mounted to the connector end cap SEQUOIA supplies the custom 9V battery packs for use with the LISST 1
84. figured for use with the BioBlock There is a dedicated 3 pin BioBlock connector on the endcap and the firmware is designed to utilize the BioBlock shutter during sampling The only thing remaining is to inform the firmware that the BioBlock has been installed To do this a simple two letter command has been added to tell the instrument the BioBlock is attached The command is BB short for BioBlock The Summary of the command is below BioBlock Configuration and Test Command 3B or bb Configure the BioBlock Connection Setting and send test commands Example input BB 1 output BioBlock is now connected Input options 0 BioBlock is not connected 1 BioBlock is connected 10 BioBlock is connected and issues a command to close the BioBlock 11 BioBlock is connected and issues a command to open the BioBlock As shown in the shown in the table above the BB command has multiple input options In addition to telling the firmware that the BioBlock is connected the command can also be used for testing the operation of the BioBlock For example issuing a BB 10 command will enable the connection and send the command to close the BioBlock A BB 11 command will also enable the connection and send an open command During normal sampling the BioBlock will be commanded to open before each sample is collected After the sample is recorded the time until the next sample is computed If the time remaining is less than 30 seconds the BioBlock
85. g 4 LISST 100X User s Guide Depth and In addition to measuring the particle size and concentration the Temperature LISST 100X also has built in Depth and Temperature sensors The Depth sensor is a 500 psi strain gauge sensor The stainless steel fitting on the Connector endcap is used for testing this sensor It is not required for normal operation However when not used for testing this fitting helps keep contamination such as salt and sediment out of the pressure sensor Ihe temperature is measured using a high precision thermistor imbedded into the Connector end cap Both values are stored automatically in the standard format LISST 100X data file Note that because the temperature sensor is embedded in the endcap it has a significant lag as the entire connector endcap must respond to the changing temperature The temperature sensor will work well if the rate of change is slow e g a front moving past the instrument but it will show a significant lag if the rate of change is large such as typically happens during profiling applications External I O The LISST 100X is also equipped with an external ANALOG IN Ports port for recording the output of one other analog instrument Additionally 2 DIGITAL I O ports are provided for communicating with up to two instruments The I O ports can be used for synchronization of the LISST 100X with two other instruments e g the LISST 100X may provide a timing pulse to a CTD or it may pro
86. g the button a display similar to the one shown below will prompt you for the maximum concentration for the Y axis of the plot Maximum Scale Setting X Maximum Scale Value f cancel e Other options are also available for customizing the display such as changing the header and footer text or adding lines to show the mean and standard deviation These features are located on the Display tab of the Settings window as shown below LISST 100X User s Guide Timer button pressed and samples updating automatically Auxiliary Parameter window opened Display setting modified 61 LISST Settings E3 Display View Rings Serial Port Output File Locations Aux Pars ser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Footer Text Sequoia Scientific Inc Maximum ordinate value 5 Animation frame interval 500 millisec F Show mean on plot Save values as default 10 The raw scattering values can be graphically display by Value of rings for selecting the View Rings command from the File menu current frame An example of this display is shown below displayed Transmission Raw Ring Count Background Scatter Laser Power fo Factory Laser Power i500 11 e A single sample may be saved to a separate file by Averaged data pressing the Save Single Sample button acquired and stored to an ASCII file 62 LISST 100X User s Guide 12 e When finished close the main window to stop
87. grease to make assembly easier The O ring is a Parker O ring 2 133 Step 6 Carefully slide the battery assembly into the housing It should be possible to rotate the assembly after installation to line up the screw holes Step 7 Install the three screws holding the endcap in place Tighten the screws to just Slightly tighter than finger tight The sealing of the endcap is NOT dependent on the tightness of the screws Since the metal screws are threaded into plastic it is easy to over tighten the screws and strip the threads in the housing Do not over tighten the screws Step 8 Reattach the cable to the LISST 100X and test the operation using the BB 11 and BB 10 commands The commands can be issues through the Terminal window of the LISST SOP software 122 LISST 100X User s Guide Appendix H Technical Assistance amp Troubleshooting Q think that have a problem with my data and or my data processing and would like you to have a look at them can you do that What data do need to send to you A We ll be happy to look at your data and help you figure out what is going on We ALWAYS need the following from you 1 The raw data the file s with either a DAT or a LOG extension 2 The zscat file you used for processing your data 3 The serial number of the instrument you are using lf you are returning data from more than one instrument please send them in separate emails with data from only one instrument in each
88. iche ed elettroniche da rottamare Table of Contents SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE LISST 100X ssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssessses 1 WODO TON acted eect ha ceca ie dc pte dicen ge ened ate pace ances vie esa EA AEA EEA ES 1 GENERALE SCIT IO a E E E E E E T 4 SECTIONS OFERA TION a ee ee ee 9 ETEN AR Deer E e A E E A E 10 SIEP BY STEP PROCEDURE Sosiri irase EEEIEE AENEA EaI EEEIEE Eaei 33 Step by Step Procedure Record and Store Background Scatter file ccccccccccccsseccsccceceecaessseeeeeeeaas 35 Step by Step Procedure Offlodding Data Files cccccccccccccccccsseesececceccecaeesseceeeeeeaaasseseeeeeessaaaseeeeeeees 37 Step by Step Procedure Deleting Files From Memory icccccccccsssscccccccccscsesscccceeeecasesseceeeseaaassseceeeeeaas 39 Step by Step Procedure Processing a Single raw data fil ccccccccccccccssssesccccccecceeseseecceeeeaaeesseseeeeeaas 40 Step by Step Procedure Batch Processing Multiple raw data files cccccccccccsseeecsccccecceeensessseeeeeeeaas 46 Step by Step Procedure Batch Processing Multiple raw data files from the command line 52 Step by Step Procedure View processed data file cccccccccccsssseecscccccceeccaesssecceeeeaaseseseeeessaaaseseeeeeeeaas 54 Step by Step Procedure Data Quality CORI OL vvivessiaicovenatevasstesacsvavavisavnernseaw duavhura a a 57 Step by Step Procedure Simple Real time data PrOC SSING ccccccccccssseeeeecccc
89. imum Memory or Low Battery The details of each condition are described below 76 LISST 100X User s Guide Stop Condition Depth Stop Time Stop External Mechanical Switch Stop External Digital Input Stop Fixed Number of Samples The LISST SOP software can configure the Base program with one of six Stop conditions Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Inout Fixed number of samples and Maximum Memory or Low Battery When storing data in the Fixed Sample Rate mode the Stop conditions are checked after each averaged sample has been saved When storing data in the Burst mode the Stop conditions are only checked after a full Burst has been completed The Start and Stop conditions have no effect on the Real time sampling mode The details of each condition are described below The built in depth sensor of the LISST 100X is used to check the current depth to determine if it is less than the desired Stop depth The averaged depth from the last sample acquired is used as the current depth If the depth is less than the threshold the sampling will stop If the depth is not less than the threshold the program will continue sampling as per the configuration If the Start Condition is a Depth Start the program will wait 30 seconds and then return to looking for the Depth Start Conditions The delay is to keep the instrument from starting and stopping too quickly as the instrument is moving up and down If the St
90. in Do you want to start the instrument Open the terminal window o You MUST start the instrument in order to start the program on the datalogger that controls the sampling If you do not do that the LISST will never start sampling or react to the start and stop conditions Note that starting the instrument is not necessarily the same as starting sampling unless you have a delay start of O minutes set as your start condition For example if you have selected switch start then starting the instrument will start the program on the datalogger which will then start to look for the switch being flicked to the 1 position Only then will actual sampling begin If you select the No button the warning below appears informing you how you can start the instrument USST e Instrument is configured but not started You must start the instrument before data collection can begin To start the instrument you could use LISST Start Instrument menu item or open the terminal window and click on the Start button When the instrument has been started depending upon the Start Conditions text will be displayed approximately every 30 seconds in the terminal window At this point the user will Know that the instrument is running and is ready to be deployed For our example it will be displaying a message that reads Waiting for Mechanical Switch ON signal Step 19 When the start conditions are met the in
91. ing the pressure and temperature sensor is attached to the inside of the connector endcap The optics endcap contains the optical windows that the laser beam passes through to make a measurement The internal optics and laser electronics are mounted to the inside of this endcap Optics endcap Optics Endcap Ring Standoff 3 Crossbar Laser Standoff 2 Endcap Ring The user should never try to loosen or disassemble any of the 10 LISST 100X User s Guide components attached to the optics endcap Doing so will immediately void any warranty Connector endcap On the connector endcap the 3 connectors are as follows 3 pin connector Used for BioBlock connection see Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X and Appendix G BioBlock Use 5 pin connector Used for serial communication and external power See Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X 6 pin connector Used for analog in and digital in out signals See Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X Step 2 Check At this time check the optical windows to make sure that they are for clean clean There are two windows The receive window is mounted in windows the center of the optics endcap The transmit window is located in the crossbar suspended above the optics endcap LISST 100X User s Guide The best way to check the windows is by using a flashlight By shining light from one side and viewing from the other the surface
92. kground The instrument s optics end can be submerged in them vertically as long as the optics are completely submerged and there is no blockage of the windows by bubbles or other objects Background scatterfiles should always be obtained before each data collection The background scatterfile is the best source of information on the current health of the LISST 100X It provides information on the current functionality of all of the major systems including laser ring detector data collection electronics and optical alignment The LISST 100X is a sensitive optical device The laser must be aligned such that the focused spot is centered on the hole in the center of the ring detector If this alignment in not correct the instrument will not function correctly The background file can easily provide the user with information about the status of the alignment LISST 100X User s Guide 91 92 In order to check the status of an instrument you will need to open the most current background scatter file as well as the factory background scatter file factory_zsc_SNSN asc where SNSN is the instrument serial number The files are space separated and will easily open up in Excel or other spreadsheets Once you have opened the files you will see that they consist of 40 rows and 1 column of data The first indicator of an alignment problem is a severe drop in the currently transmitted laser power row 33 when compared to the factory laser p
93. le to the deployment e NOTE The SOP makes no record of which background file was selected The warning is put in place to make the user aware of the importance of obtaining good and recent zscat measuremenis LISST 100X User s Guide 73 10 74 Clicking the OK button will then open the Terminal window to start the program The program on the instrument is configured but not running To start the program and have it Start looking for the Start conditions press the Run button on the Terminal window The Aun button is equivalent to typing RUN and pressing Enter from any terminal program The Base Program will display text to the screen as it is running to confirm that it is running and to indicate where it is in the sampling cycle Once the program is confirmed to be running and waiting for the correct start conditions the LISST SOP program can be closed and the communications cable can be disconnected Be sure to replace the connector cap before deployment LISST 100X User s Guide Instrument Communication Serial Port Settings Using the Terminal Window Two Letter commands Start Condition Communication with the LISST 100X is via an RS 232C link A cable that connects the instrument to a PC has been provided This cable connects the 5 pin underwater connector on the instrument to a DB 9 serial port connector lf required DB 9 to DB 25 pin adapters are available The R8232 link communicates at 9600 baud 8 dat
94. me Session Open Raw Data File Open Particle Distribution File Open Batch Processing Settings Convert binary PSD to ASCII Exit H LISST L0301417 Sel File DataFrames LISST Communication Window Help y 2 m ties OO Sa SE 10301417 DAR Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST 32 Data File Laser Power Battery Voltage Pressure Auxiliary Parameters Sequoia Scientific inc fi gt First lt P N L Select Fi Select L peal 1 gt First lt Prev Next gt Last lt elect First ect Last Process Fale Frame 98 fo f9 he range of samples to process can be selected by entering values in the Select First and Select Last boxes The default selection is to process the complete file Press the Process File button to convert the raw file into processed size distributions For more details on the available options when this window is open please see the detailed Instruction for Processing Raw Datafiles For our example press the Process File button in order to process the entire file When the processing is complete the button label will change to read Finished Processed data files are stored as ASCII files and as binary files with a PSD extension The PSD files can be opened and viewed on the screen To open a processed Particle Size Distribution file choose Open Particle Distribution File or press the button on the toolbar A display similar to the one below should open The left hand
95. ment be discussed with a trained Sequoia Scientific technical service representative before attempting this procedure LISST 100X User s Guide Instrument Mounting Storage and Maintenance Mount the instrument Horizontal Precautions for vertical mounting Precautions for mounting with a BioBlock This section contains information on mounting storing and maintaining the LISST 100X The LISST 100X measures scattered light to obtain particle size distributions Therefore it is important to keep particles from sticking to the window surface The first line of defense it to keep the window surface vertical by mounting the instrument horizontally This is most critical when the water motion is slow When working in rivers or in a towed or profiling application the orientation is not as critical The center section of the main pressure case has a slightly smaller diameter than the ends The smaller diameter section is the suggest mounting area The U shaped mounting block provided with the instrument fit this diameter and can be used for mounting the instrument The clamps supplied with the instrument can also be used Spare clamps for mounting the instrument are available from Sequoia See Appendix LISST Accessories on page 126 lf mounting the instrument vertical the optics endcap should always face downwards If the connector endcap faces downwards and the instrument is subjected to a bump or shock during deployment the
96. name of a program folder document or Internet resource and Windows will open it for you Open delele a eel 1 a AA a V lf you are not issuing the batch command from the directory where the lisst exe program resides you must specify the full directory e g C Program Files Sequoia LISST100 lisst exe batch or C Program Files Sequoia LISST100 lisst exe batch 52 LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X User s Guide 53 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE VIEW PROCESSED DATA FILE Select Open Particle Distribution File from the File Open Particle menu Distribution File selected Select the processed data file from the file selection Processed datafile window Double click the file or type the file name and selected press Open After selecting the processed file a window similar to the one shown below will appear Tie DataFrames LISST Communication Window Help ij aeoo ela twins Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration l i o meone Ans Sample Number 1 Total Vol Conc 0 00 Sequoia Scientific Inc Sequoia Scientific Inc pi gt 1 gt First lt Prev Next gt Last lt I Seale _ 0 0 Interval Sec 9 0 The left hand display is the volume distribution in units of micro liters liter in each size class The right hand display is the Cumulative Concentration Only a single sample is displayed at a time By using the button
97. names The file name of the processed files will be the same as that of the raw data files but with a different extension e g ASC PSD or LOG If you have selected Randomly shaped Particle Inversion Model the processed files will have an _rs suffix Note file types other than the default PSD file must have been selected before starting the Open Raw Data file command See step 2 e You can now click the Process Raw Files button and Batch processing all raw data files will be processed The processed 50 LISST 100X User s Guide files will show up in the Output Files window Note that in this case there are 6 processed files for each raw data file An ASC PSD and LOG file for both spherical and random shape inversions Note that the files processed using the randomly shaped inversion method have an _rs suffix Batch Process x Close a Gasca oa The batch process operation will process multiple raw files in a single operation 1004 The end result of the operation will produce files that are put into the Output Files Directory and may include ASC PSD LOG and DAT files Background File Select C Data zscat_1004 asc Raw Files Directory Select C Data Raw Output Files Directory Select C Data Raw Raw Files List Output Files M Overwrite without prompt L0231358 DAT L0231358 ase L0301407 DAT L0301410 DAT L0301417 DAT Pao ar 109 Progress TTT TT EE Process Raw Files
98. nd stop conditions were set to External Mechanical Switch then multiple sampling sessions can be obtained by flipping the switch on and off This is useful when doing profiles It eliminates the need to communicate with the instrument between profiles Select Apply or OK buttons to configure the instrument with the current settings If the Apply button is pressed the program will return to the current window Returning to the Instrument Status window will display a summary of the current settings LISST 100X User s Guide e Ifthe OK button is pressed when the configuration is complete the user will be prompted to select the zscat file that the user later intends to use for processing the data Background File Alert Before programming the instrument choose the background file to be used with this data Browse re ata zscat_1004 asc The more recent the background file the better your final results will be OK e lf the selected zscat file is more than 6 hours old a warning is issued and the user is being given a choice between selecting a different file collecting a new background or accepting the risk and continue Background File Warning Background file is more than 6 hours old Your final data quality may be compromised Select different background file C Collect new background C Accept the risk and continue OK e For best results the zscat file should ALWAYS be taken as close as possib
99. nsent Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration 1 100 B tA 2 5 35 2 500 NM A PSD file is being saved as default but it is very strongly recommended that the user also always selects a LOG file output option in File Settings Output tab before starting the real time processing Please note that you can select between Spherical and Random shape inversion models in real time mode but you can only select the mode s that were chosen in the Output tab of the File Settings menu before the real time menu was opened up The terminal window should be closed when the instrument has been started Keeping it open may delay the updating of the real time display In order to stop the real time sampling click the button Instrument started and waiting for start condition to occur SOP displays real time data using the selected operating mode Stopping advanced real time mode LISST 100X User s Guide STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE CONFIGURING DATA COLLECTION e Connect the instrument to the PC and start the LISST SOP LISST SOP open and program communicating with LISST 100X 2 e Open the Operating Modes window by choosing Operating ing the Se Modes from the LISST menu or by pressing the button on the toolbar LISST Instrument Operation x Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition Instrument St
100. nstallation Procedure Step 1 Before installing the Small Volume Zscat SPACER SLIDER first clean the windows of the LISST NOTE On older versions of the LISST 100X it may also be necessary to remove the endcap ring and standoffs on the optics endcap Remove the three screws on the endcap ring and then unscrew the standoffs Step 2 Remove the Spacer and push the Slider toward the center of the chamber SPACER SAPEN LISST 100X User s Guide Step 3 Carefully insert the Chamber into the optical path of the LISST 100X Be careful not to let the O rings come into contact with the optical windows of the LISST 100X Step 4 By reaching in from the top of the chamber push the Slider out until the chamber is up against the optics endcap The Slider should mate to the cone shape of the transmit optics The O ring in the slider should just be starting to engage with the wall of the chamber It may be necessary to press on the top bottom and sides of the Slider to get it to slide out without binding Step 5 Once the slider is positioned such that the O ring is engaging the Spacer can be inserted between the outside wall of the chamber and the lip of the Slider The tapered side of the spacer should go against the Slider lip This will cause compression of the O rings and seal the chamber The chamber can now be filled with clean water It is highly recommended to do a background scatterfile after assembly to make s
101. nstrument such that the optic can be submerged for testing or calibration For more information on installing the chamber see Appendix F Zscat Chamber Installation Procedure on page 114 12 LISST 100X User s Guide We can now fill the chamber with clean particle free water Sequoia uses steam distilled bottled water filtered through a 0 2 micron filter Tap water may contain too many particles and may also contain dissolved gas that can release and form small bubbles on the optical surfaces Step 5 Install At this point the instrument is ready to go Install the software that software SOP 5 0 is required for operation of the instrument A software disk or USB card is included with each instrument In addition to the communication and processing program the disk also contains calibration files specific for your instrument Insert the disk into the CD or DVD drive on your PC to install the software or plug in the USB d rive to a USB port Please note the following with respect to the software version 5 0 Step 6 Start start the LISST SOP software by selecting it from the Start menu LISST SOP The name LISST SOP refers to the Standard Operating Procedure program functionality of the program Appendix D LISST SOP Software Button Description on page 111 describes the functions of each button LISST 100X User s Guide On a 64 bit Windows PC the software will be installed in the following folder C Program Files
102. nt small angle scattering data are off loaded from the instrument and subsequently inverted mathematically on a PC to produce the particle size distribution The inversion function is included in the Windows software For MATLAB users inversion scripts are available for download from Sequoia s website www SequoiaSci com The principal measurement angular scattering distribution is obtained over 32 ring detectors whose radii increase logarithmically from 102 to 20 000 microns The detector is placed in the focal plane of the receiving lens The rings cover an angular range from 0 0017 to 0 34 radians Type B or 0 00085 0 17 radians Type C This angular range corresponds respectively to size ranges from 1 25 to 250 um Type B or 2 5 to 500 um Type C See Appendix B Size Ranges Observation Angles Data Storage Format on page 101 for more information General layout The LISST 100X consists of the following parts a solid state diode laser operating at 670 nm wavelength and fiber optically connected to a laser beam collimating system a beam manipulation and orienting system a scattered light receiving lens the custom designed 32 ring detector preamplifier electronics a ring selecting multiplexer circuitry and a data logger All these components are inside the black anodized pressure housing and the user has no access to any of these The LISST 100X must be configured for one of these options at the factory prior to shippin
103. oiasci com Be sure to include your full contact info as well as instrument serial number It is also useful for us to Know when was the last time you talked to the instrument and what the instrument has been doing since last time you talked to it e g in storage deployed in the field shipped to another location etc Also let us know the results of each of the tests above 124 LISST 100X User s Guide Q When try to program the instrument get this error note Instrument1335 will change depending on the serial number of your instrument dd Could not find Instrument1335 section in LISST INI OK A Go to your C ProgramData Sequoia LISST100 folder and search for the LISST INI file Open it up in Notepad or a similar text editor Make sure that the section containing your instrument calibration constants are located in the file It not copy them from the LISST INI file that was included on the ship disk for your instrument Then re save the edited LISST INI file in C ProgramData Sequoia LISST100 Q When try to offload the data get an error and the offload stops can talk to the instrument and program it but it will not offload A It is possible that the Compact Flash Memory Card inside the instrument has come loose Open up the connector endcap and pull out the battery it is not necessary to remove the battery Look inside the instrument and you will see a faceplate with a cut out for the memory card Push
104. on the memory card to make sure that it is fully seated in the memory card holder then try offloading data again Take care not to push on the card ejector button when you are pushing the memory card back in place LISST 100X User s Guide 125 Appendix I LISST Accessories BioBlock A mechanical anti fouling accessory for the LISST 100X and LISST 25X Sliding copper shutters in front of the windows limit fouling to a minimum BioBlock is controlled by the LISST 100X or LISST 25X to open before a measurement takes place and close again after the measurement Custom Power and Communication Cable Integrated Power and Communications cables are available for the LISST 100X STX in lengths of 20 30 and 50 meters The yellow jacketed cable has a breaking strength of 1000 pounds The standard underwater connectors for communications and power are molded to the cable Full Path Mixing Chamber Allows the submersible LISST 100 100X to also be used as a laboratory particle size analyzer Installs on to the optics of a standard path 5 cm LISST 100 100X The chamber has a volume of aproximately 115 ml with built in drain and magnetically coupled mixer Power supply with adjustable speed controller provided Full Path Flow Through Chamber Allows a sample to be pumped through the chamber Installs on to the optics of a standard path 5 cm LISST 100 100X When combined with your own pump and stirred sample container the Full
105. ons of each bin for both instrument types See also this article on Sequoia s homepage http Awww sequoiasci com Articles ArticlePage aspx pageid 150 rao 200 17 32 1 25 Slower limit for first size range spherical particles 2 50 Slower limit for first size range spherical particles 1 00 Slower limit for first size range randomly shaped particles 1 90 Slower limit for first size range randomly shaped particles bins 1l x rho 0 31 lower limit bins 52 x rho 1432 j 2 upper Limit bins 3 Ssqrui bins i 1 4 bins 2 2 smid poin The following lines of code in MATLAB will compute the lower upper and median angles in degrees for the VSF measurement in air and water Ball logspace 0 1l0g10 200 33 0 1 tcreate 33 logspaced angles over a 1 200 dynamic range starting at O ldegrees type B LISST B all B all ANGLES _O02 1 B_all 1 32 The lower limits are the first 32 of 33 ANGLES _02 2 B_all 2 33 The upper limits are the last 32 of 33 ANGLES O2 373 sqrt ANGLES 02 7 1 ANGLES O2 4 2 7 2Midpoincs C_all logspace 0 1l0g10 200 33 0 05 tcreate 33 logspaced angles over a 1 200 dynamic range starting at 0 05degrees type C LISST C all C _all ANGLES_O2 4 C_all 1 32 The lower limits are the first 32 of 33 ANGLES _02 5 C_all 2 33 The upper limits are the last 32 of 33 ANGLES_02 6 sqrt ANGLES_0O2 4 ANGLES_02 5 Midpoints
106. or The following text describes the detailed wiring for each connector 108 LISST 100X User s Guide Communications and Power Connector 5 pin connector Connector Manufacturer Impulse Enterprise Inc San Diego CA USA Connector Part Number Bulkhead MCBH WB 5 MP Stainless Steel Mating Cable Part Number MCIL 5 FS Connector Pin a ae Power Serial Ground External Power In 9V nom 6 15V pa eare Ground Serial Out to DB 9 Pin 2 Serial In to DB 9 Pin 3 4 3 2 5 5 gt 1 1 Bulkhead Endview Cable Endview For instruments shipped after 1 March 2012 9 24V Max 0 5 A min LISST 100X User s Guide 109 Auxiliary Input Connector 6 pin connector Connector Manufacturer Impulse Enterprise Inc San Diego CA USA Connector Part Number Bulkhead MCBH WB 6 MP Stainless Steel Mating Cable Part Number MCIL 6 FS po Cigita in a po Sgt in 2 4 No Connection O Z o Z o _ Analog In 0 to 2 50V max 6 Analog Ground 6 2 A 1 1 5 3 3 z 4 4 Bulkhead Endview Cable Endview BioBlock Connector 3 pin connector Connector Manufacturer Impulse Enterprise Inc San Diego CA USA Connector Part Number Bulkhead MCBH WB 3 MP Stainless Steel Mating Cable Part Number MCIL 3 FS Connector Pin Signal Ground Signal Open Closed Bulkhead Endview Cable Endview Appendix D LISST SOP Software Button Description Button Label Runs the instrument for Real Time operation Not
107. or c refund the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for the Product provided that Customer gives SEQUOIA written notice of the noncompliance within the Warranty Period and ships the Product to SEQUOIA within one month after the end of the Warranty Period As to any Product repaired or replaced by SEQUOIA the Warranty Period will end upon the later of the end of the original Warranty Period or 90 days after SEQUOIA s delivery of the repaired or replacement Product to Customer Any Product component part or other item replaced by SEQUOIA becomes the property of SEQUOIA SEQUOIA may use refurbished components in the repair of Products supplied hereunder SEQUOIA s warranties shall be void and not apply if the Product has been subjected to misuse or alteration or repaired by a party not approved by SEQUOIA or the serial number on a product if applicable has been altered or defaced SEQUOIA shall not be liable for normal wear and tear such as replacement of consumables nor for defects or failure caused by maintenance misuse negligence or failure resulting from non compliance with SEQUOIA s specifications operating or maintenance manuals 3 Infringement Indemnification If any Product does not comply with the warranty set forth in 1 c above SEQUOIA will defend and indemnify Customer against any third party claim asserted in any proceeding against Customer based on this noncompliance provided that Customer gives SEQUOIA prompt written no
108. or details on these selections see page 40 e Select Open Real Time Session from the File menu or Open Instrument selected press on the button S gt OO NO e e LISST 100X User s Guide 5 e Choose the correct Background Scatter File and Select Background and an Output file Output file selected 6 e A display will appear on the screen It is similar to the Sample saved main window of the View Processed Data function e By selecting the Next button the window will be updated with the current size distribution Note that if the water is clean the display may not show any volume distribution The Sample Number value displayed underneath the plots will increment each time a sample is saved The Timer button function is similar to its use in viewing processed data The timer will automatically acquire data at a fixed rate Note that this rate is limited to about 1 Hz due to the processing of the raw data into Volume distributions The slide button next to the Timer button controls the sample speed If it is set too fast it will automatically reset to the maximum allowed rate e The Auxiliary parameter window can be opened to display the current values of the auxiliary parameters such as pressure and temperature Open the window by selecting the Show Auxiliary Parameter Frame from the DataFrames menu The scale of the Volume Distribution plot can be changed by using the Scale button After selectin
109. ower The laser power and laser reference values row 36 will change over time but they should track together If the value of the laser power laser reference ratio for your current background measurement is less than 85 of the laser power laser reference ratio from the factory background file misalignment may be occurring The second indictor of misalignment is high value on the inner rings The inner rings are shown on the left side of the background display The most important rings for misalignment indication are rings 1 4 in the background scatter file As the focused laser starts to move away from the center of the ring detector it will scatter more light onto the inner rings This will cause the inner ring values to be much higher than the factory values and is also the reason for the decrease in transmitted laser power It must be noted that low laser power or high inner rings may not always indicate misalignment Low laser power can also occur because the windows or water is dirty or if there are bubbles on the window Large particles or bubbles can cause the inner rings to be higher than factory values All of the other possibilities must be eliminated before it can be concluded that the instrument is misaligned The transmit optics on the LISST 100X do allow for the possibility of the user adjusting the alignment A written procedure can be provided for this procedure However it is highly recommended that the need for re align
110. p Condition Serial Number 11335 LISST Operating Procedure LOP File Browse Summary Burst Operating Mode A Burst Interval 15 seconds Samples Stored 5 samples per burst Sample Intervat 1 second Samples Remaining 1622579 Sample is average of 10 measurements y Battery Voltage 7 61 Comments External Switch OFF Date 12 26709 Time 1200 45 Set Clock a A The Instrument Status page gives information about the instrument lt also allows previously saved instrument configuration files LOP s to be loaded on to the instrument LISST 100X User s Guide The ability to save the current settings to a file is also available The Summary window shows the current deployment configuration The Comments windows allows for entering data about the current configuration for example metadata relating to the current settings Step 12 Setting By selecting the Operating Mode Tab at the top of the main Operating Mode window the screen below appears This screen is used to set the type of sampling Realtime Burst or Fixed Sample Rate You can also select the samples per average and sample rates on this screen LISST Instrument Operation Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Realtime Sample to be Average of 10 measurements Time to get average 0 3373 Sec C Burst Sample to be Average of 10 measurements Time to get average 0 3373 Sec Sample Interval fi Sec WM m m u
111. port of the PC and proceed as follows e Check the voltage between pins 1 and 2 on the communication cable You may need the paperclips to extend the measuring pins of the voltmeter to make a proper contact inside the cable The voltage should read 12 V If it does not the cable may be defect e Short the female pins 4 and 5 on the communication cable using one or both paperclips Type some characters into MOTOCROSS They should appear on the screen If they do not the cable may be defect e Measure the voltage between pins 3 and 4 of the male bulkhead 5 pin connector on the LISST 100X The voltage will be 0 most of the time and should spike to between 5 to 9V every 2 minutes for about 2 seconds It can be challenging to maintain contact for 2 minutes so take care to ensure constant contact and then watch the voltmeter continuously 6 Remove the end cap and disconnect the main battery Measure the battery voltage on the main battery It should be above 6V and close to 9V for a new battery If it is below 6V replace the battery and try again 7 Locate test point TP2 minus and P12 plus on the connector endcap board Measure the voltage between the 2 test points This voltage should be the same as for the battery 8 Locate the right hand side of D2 and measure the voltage between the right side of D2 and TP2 Voltage must be present 9 If there is still no connection contact your local distributor or Sequoia directly at info sequ
112. readsheet can also be downloaded from Sequoias _ website www Sequoiasci com click Library then Downloads then LISST 100X For laboratory or tethered usage a connector is provided on the endcap to draw power from an external source The voltages required from the external power supply are 12 VDC and should not exceed 15VDC NOTE LISST 100X units shipped after 1 March 2012 will accept up to 24 VDC external power Cables up to 50 meters can be provided to supply external power and communication with the instrument This can allow real time observation of the size distributions When not using the LISST 100X put the instrument into Low _ _ Power Sleep mode to reduce battery drain to about 10 WA This is done from the provided software Make sure the endcap switch is in the 1 position when in low power sleep Auxiliary The instrument is shipped pre aligned and tested A small Equipment chamber is provided for obtaining measurements of background scattered light from optical surfaces This background is subtracted from actual particle scattering measurements to obtain the true particulate scattering Additionally small tools used to open endcaps spare batteries and communication cable is supplied so that a user need only provide a PC running Windows Software is provided to communicate with the instrument schedule an experiment offload the data and invert the measurements to obtain particle size distribution and volume
113. rleman Particle Characterization 4 128 133 1987 The main conclusions are that the information content of the data is most stably retrieved by use of ring type detectors with each ring measuring the scattering over a sub range of angles and that the resolution is limited to relatively few size classes depending on the noise in the data For example for the dynamic range in scattering angles of 200 1 that is built into the LISST systems typically only 12 14 truly independent size classes can be resolved 2 LISST 100X User s Guide Simpler descriptions of principles and practice are offered in a separate study by Agrawal et al 1991 A more up to date description of the technology and its application is provided by Agrawal amp Pottsmith 2000 We explain the inversion process as follows Let E be the 32 element data vector that contains the angular scattering energy sensed by the 32 silicon rings It is related to the volume distribution via E KN where K is the scattering property kernel matrix and Ny is the volume distribution The volume distribution is obtained by inverting the above equation Included with the LISST 100X instrument we have provided software that obtains the inverted volume distribution Ny Agrawal Y C I N McCave and J B Riley 1991 Laser diffraction size analysis in Principles methods and applications of particle size analysis J P M Syvitski editor Cambridge University Press pp 119 1
114. rocessing of data requires configuring the datalogger to output the raw information to the LISST SOP program This step by step procedure covers the acquisition and storage of processed data Page 60 The advanced real time data processing allows for using all data collection modes and start stop options e g burst mode delayed Start pressure start with the real time processing and display Page 64 The LISST SOP software allows the user to program the instrument with a number of start and stop conditions This step by step procedure lists the available options and the unique features of each Page 69 LISST 100X User s Guide STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE RECORD AND STORE BACKGROUND SCATTERFILE eee Clean instrument and install Horizontal test Optics submerged in water chamber Fill with clean filtered water Connect communications cable and run LISST Communications program SOP software started If the data acquisition program is still running L100X gt prompt showing stop its execution with a lt CTRL C gt Open the Collect Background Scatter Data Background collected and from the LISST menu or by pressing the saved button on the toolbar After selecting the factory background scatter file to use for comparison the window will be ann Output File kw Laser power is too low compared to factory value Current laser power 0 Factory laser power 1500 vetage ring values exceed factory by a tector of at least 2 0 for 13
115. rt change in baud rate Contact Sequoia info SequoiaSci com in order to get a later firmware version that will support changes in offload baud rates 38 LISST 100X User s Guide STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE DELETING FILES FROM MEMORY e Start the LISST SOP program and click the 8 button to connect to the LISST 100X e Click A button or select the Offload option from the LISST menu A list of files on the datalogger will appear ee OO 3 Select Files on Datalogger Highlighting to select files on datalogger from the following list then press OK Name Size Modified L3291134 DAT 11 25 09 11 34a L3381323 DAT O00 12 04 09 1 38p L3560200 DAT 12 22 09 2 01a L3560700 DAT 12 22 09 7 02a L3560736 DAT 12 22 09 7 39a x Select the files to be deleted then click the OK button Use the CTRL key to select multiple files or the SHIFT key to select a range of files E Delete Files ea Do you want to proceed e Yes e Confirm the files to be deleted by clicking the Yes button WARNING Once a file has been deleted there is no way to recover the data Make sure that the file has been properly offloaded before deleting any files LISST 100X User s Guide 39 STEP BY STEP PROCEDURE PROCESSING A SINGLE RAW DATA FILE 1 Start the LISST SOP program Program started e Select Settings from the File menu and click on the Select file tyoes to be Output Tab The window below will appear prompting created for th
116. rval syntax SI x or si x where x is the number of seconds between samples from 1 to 10 000 Description In Fixed Rate Mode OM 3 or Burst Rate Mode OM 2 the sample interval is the number of seconds between two consecutive samples each composed as an average of a number of measurements specified by the MA commana Example input SI 5 output New Seconds between Samples 5 84 LISST 100X User s Guide isl consecutive bursts from 1 to 10 000 seconds Description In Burst Mode OM 2 the burst interval is the number of seconds between two consecutive bursts each burst composed of a number of samples per burst specified by the SB command Example input BI 900 output New Seconds between Bursts 900 SB Set Samples per Burst syntax SB x or sb x where x is the number of samples per burst Each sample is taken at the sample interval in seconds set by the SI command If no value follows command prompts will be displayed for the value Example input SB 10 outout New Samples per Burst 10 Set Clock with time and date Syntax SC mm dd yy hh mm ss or sc mm dd yy hh mm ss Where mm month dd day yy year hh hour 24 hour format mm minute ss seconds If no values follow the SC or sc command prompts for entering the time and date will be displayed Example input SC 01 05 2001 21 05 03 output Command Data in SC is 01 05 01 21 05 03 Current Date Time Friday Janua
117. ry 05 2001 21 05 03 Autostart Setting AS x or as x where x is 1 yes or 0 no Description With Autostart enabled the firmware will immediately start the Sampling program that is stored in the EEPROM of the Persistor datalogger upon power up of the instrument Use the SD command to store the current settings as default values to be used in conjunction with the AS command Example input AS 1 output AutoStart will occur upon power up Cautions 1 If Autostart is enabled the user cannot talk to the instrument when powering it up it will immediately start sampling according to the SD defaults In order to stop sampling and establish normal communication the user must issue a stop command by either pressing the STOP button or issuing a CTRL C command in the terminal window when the instrument is powered up LISST 100X User s Guide 85 ne 2 Make sure the current program settings are as desired and saved as default settings see SD BioBlock Connection BB x or bb x where x can be 0 1 10 or 11 Description Configure the BioBlock Connection Setting and send test commands Input options are 0 BioBlock is not connected 1 BioBlock is connected 10 BioBlock is connected and issues a command to close the BioBlock 11 BioBlock is connected and issues a command to open the BioBlock Example Input BB 1 Output BioBlock is now connected Cautions None SD Store Current Settings as Default
118. s 28 LISST 100X User s Guide Step 21 Opening RealTime Session File DataFrames LISST Communication en Realtime Session en Raw Data File en Particle Distribution File en Batch Processing Settings Convert binary PSD to ASCII Exit Auxiliary Parameters Laser Power 0 954 mw Battery Baz Volts External Instrument 0 013 Volts Laser Reference 0 985 mw Depth 26 20 2 meters Temperature a DegC Day 100 Hour 24603 Minute 100 Second 31123 Transmission 0 981 Sample Number 1501 Close The LISST SOP software also supports the ability to acquire data process it and display it in Real time The Real time display of the processed data is very similar to the display of processed data The instrument can be configured for a Real Time session before data is collected but it is no longer required The current setting for Measurements per Average is used when acquiring the sample to display The recommend value for the Measurements per Average is 10 Higher values can be used but the updating of the display will be reduced The Start and Stop conditions will not be used and therefore their settings are not relevant NOTE For extended Real Time sessions it is recommended to use external power The batteries will be used up fairly quickly during a Real Time session When exiting the Real Time session the power should automatically shut off Pressing the Stop button on the toolbar or the Terminal window will turn
119. s on the bottom of the display it is possible to manually or automatically step through the datafile The Timer button will step through the datafile by updating the display at a fixed rate The rate is set by the slider bar next to the Timer button 54 LISST 100X User s Guide e Additional information is stored in the processed datafile The Auxiliary parameter window displays these values for the current sample They will update as the Volume distribution is changed The window is opened by selecting Show Auxiliary Parameters Frame from the DataFrames menu An example of this window is shown below Auxiliary Parameters X Laser Power fo mwatts Battery 17 5 volts Extemal Instrument 0 003 volts Laser Reference 8 943 mwatts Depth fo meters Temperature 2686 degC Aux 1 3228 Aux 2 soos Transmission fo Warning Water too turbid mo Sample Number fi F Show raw data 7 e The scale of the Volume Distribution plot can be Display setting changed by using the Scale button After selecting modified the button a display similar to the one shown below will prompt you for the maximum concentration for the Y axis of the plot Maximum Scale Setting BE Maximum Scale Value E ors e Other options are also available for customizing the display such as changing the header and footer text or adding lines to show the mean and standard deviation These features are located on the Display tab of the Settings
120. s tab to configure when the instrument will begin sampling e There are five options Depth Time External Mechanical switch External Digital Inout and Time Delay Select the mode by clicking on the button next to the its label Select the correct parameters as required LISST Instrument Operation Ez Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition C Depth Start when depth exceeds fo meters C Time Stat Date 12 7 31 22000 Start Time 23 53 fo rer rtete i rerierentertetetertereereetereronteriat C Extemal Digital Input C Delay jo Free Un H LISST 100X User s Guide 71 72 Choose the Stop Conditions Tab to select the conditions when sampling should stop The available stop conditions are Depth Time External Mechanical Switch External Digital Input Fixed number of samples and Maximum Memory or Low Battery Instrument Status Operating Mode Start Condition Stop Condition Stop when depth less than 9 meters C Time Stop Date fi2 afi 4 2000 Stop Time 23 gs9 fo C Extemal Mechanical Switch External Digital Input C Fixed Number of Samples Number of Samples to store fi C Maximum Memory Battery suon If the Stop Condition is Depth External Mechanical Switch or External Digital Input and the Start Condition is also one of these three options the Base Program on the instrument will return to waiting for the Start condition For example if the start a
121. strument will start Collecting Data sampling The green LED on the connector endcap will illuminate each time a sample is acquired For our example we can move the white plastic lever on the 22 LISST 100X User s Guide Step 20 Downloading data LISST Communication Help USST Communication Help endcap to the 1 position Sampling will start If the Terminal window is still open text will be displayed as the instrument acquires data Data collection will continue until the Stop Conditions are met In our case until the switch lever is returned to the O position lf the Start and Stop Conditions are set to Depth External Mechanical Switch or External Digital Input the program will return to checking for the Start Condition This will only be true if the Start and Stop conditions match For example Depth Start and Depth Stop For all other Start Conditions the program will terminate and return to the L100X gt prompt To stop a running program use the Stop button on the Terminal window or the button on the tool bar It is good practice to always send a Stop command to the instrument before attempting any other communication with the instrument The instrument has now stored data in the on board Compact Flash card Pressing the Instrument Query Button will display the instrument status including the number of samples saved To offload the data select Offload from the LISST menu or choose th
122. t be disconnected from the instrument The above steps are meant to give a brief introduction to most of the procedures that are required to operate the LISST 100X Most LISST 100X User s Guide 31 32 of these steps are covered in detailed Step by Step instructions in the following sections LISST 100X User s Guide Step by Step procedures The following topics are covered with Step by Step instructions Recording and Recording a background scatter file is the first step in acquiring storing a data This step by step describes the proper procedure to record Background and download a background scatter file and save it for later Scatterfile Zscat processing Information on interpreting the Background Scatter file file is also provided Page 35 Downloading Each data collection sequence is stored to a separate datafile on the raw data files compact flash memory Files can be offloaded to the PC using the Download data function of the LISST SOP software Page 37 Deleting Raw After downloading the data files can be deleted from memory This data files step by step procedure covers deleting files Page 39 Processing a Data that has been downloaded from the datalogger on the LISST single raw data 100X is in a raw binary file DAT extension It must be processed file into particle size by the LISST SOP program If you only have one raw data file to process e g from a long term mooring deployment follow these processing
123. t sample pointed to by the vertical cursor They will update as the cursor is moved Selecting the Show Auxiliary Parameter Frame from the DataFrames menu opens the window An example of this window is shown below Auxiliary Parameters Laser Power 0 954 mw Battery 93 Volts External Instrument 9 013 Volts Laser Reference 0985 mw Depth 2072 meters Temperature N2 DegC Day 100 Hour 24603 Minute 100 Second B2 Transmission 0981 Sample Number 11501 Close Auxiliary parameter window displayed LISST 100X User s Guide 10 12 e The raw scattering values can be graphically Value of rings for displayed by selecting the View Rings command from current frame the DataFrames menu An example of this display is displayed shown below As with the Auxiliary Parameters the vertical cursor indicates the sample currently displayed 4095 Transmission iij Raw Ring Count Background Scatter Laser Power fo Factory Laser Power fi 500 To select the range of raw data to process position the Range to process cursor at the desired starting sample The display atthe selected lower portion of the screen will show the current sample or frame Pressing the Select First button will set the current cursor position as the starting point for processing Similarly selecting Select Last will set the end point for processing Use the Next and Previous buttons scroll through the complete datafile Th
124. t scattered light are all soheres Sequoia employs the so called full Mie solution when using this approach The Mie solution is a generalized solution to the scattering of light from spheres and is being used as the standard inversion method by all laser manufacturers 40 LISST 100X User s Guide e However sediment particles in the aquatic environment are never perfect soheres Consequently Sequoia provides an option to invert the scattering pattern under the assumption that the particles are randomly or irregularly shaped particles The exact details of how this inversion takes place is described in a scientific paper by Agrawal et al which can be downloaded from the library section on Sequoia s website www SequolasSci com The direct URL is http sequoiasci com library technical aspx SectionNa me library The paper is also included on your ship disk A brief version of the method is described in this News article on Sequoia s website http sequoiasci com Articles ArticlePage aspx pagel d 133 e So what method should you use If you are going to compare with the output from another laser particle sizer for example a laboratory particle sizer you should choose the Spherical particle model The reason for this is that no other laser manufacturer provides a randomly shaped particle model for inversion so there will be nothing to compare to Generally it is recommended that you keep both boxes checked this is also the d
125. taining all the processed data The LOG file is a space delimited ASCII file containing the raw data from the LISST 100X data logger You must also select the inversion model to be used Select inversion with the real time data processing Spherical method s to be used randomly shaped or both spherical randomly shaped or both e The Spherical particle model performs the mathematical inversion under the assumption that the particles that scattered light are all soheres Sequoia employs the so called full Mie solution when using this approach The Mie solution is a generalized solution to the scattering of light from spheres and is being used as the standard inversion method by all laser manufacturers 46 LISST 100X User s Guide e However sediment particles in the aquatic environment are never perfect soheres Consequently Sequoia provides an option to invert the scattering pattern under the assumption that the particles are randomly or irregularly shaped particles The exact details of how this inversion takes place is described in a scientific paper by Agrawal et al which can be downloaded from the library section on Sequoia s website www SequoiasSci com The direct URL is http sequoiasci com library technical aspx SectionNa me library The paper is also included on your ship disk A brief version of the method is described in this News article on Sequoia s website http sequoiasci com Articles ArticleP
126. tice of the claim SEQUOIA has exclusive control over the defense and settlement of the claim Customer provides such assistance as SEQUOIA may request in connection with the defense and settlement of the claim in which event SEQUOIA will reimburse the reasonable out of pocket costs incurred by Customer to provide such assistance Customer does not settle the claim without the prior written consent of SEQUOIA and upon SEQUOIA s request Customer returns the Non Complying Product to SEQUOIA for modification replacement or a refund of the purchase price paid by Customer to SEQUOIA for the Non Complying Product less a reasonable allowance for Customer s use prior to return 4 Exclusive Warranties THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 1 ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED SEQUOIA DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY ARISING FROM COURSE OF PERFORMANCE COURSE OF DEALING OR USAGE OF TRADE OTHER THAN THOSE SPECIFICALLY SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPH 1 5 Exclusive Remedies CUSTOMER S RIGHTS AND REMEDIES SET FORTH IN PARAGRAPHS 2 AND 3 ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ANY AND ALL OTHER RIGHTS AND REMEDIES FOR ANY BREACH OF OR OTHER FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH ANY WARRANTY WITH REGARD TO ANY PRODUCT 6 No Consequential Damages SEQUOIA will not be liable for any indirect
127. tion This position is best for correctly positioning the unit during installation The BioBlock should be removed from the LISST 100X in the Closed position to facilitate re installing it at a later date The BioBlock may be commanded to go to the Closed position prior to installation by connecting it to the LISST 100X and using the LISST 100X software Do not manually rotate the crank arm that drives the shutter The BioBlock has two main parts The main cylindrical body contains the motor batteries and electronics Mounted to the end of the main body is the translating shutter assembly with copper plates The shutter assembly is attached to the rotating crank arm with a plastic arm Step 2 The image to the left shows how the BioBlock is inserted between the triangular Crossbar Standoffs of the LISST 100X LISST 100X User s Guide 117 Step 3 However before installing the BioBlock we must first remove one of the screws on the endcap Rotate the LISST 100X to match the photo The two endcap screws should be above the Crossbar Standoff on the left One is threaded into the endcap and the other is longer and threaded into the instrument housing Remove the shorter screw such that the threaded screw hole is empty This is the most clockwise screw of the pair This threaded hole will be used to hold the BioBlock in place Step 4 Slowly slide the BioBlock shutter assembly straight down between the Crossbar Standoffs
128. tion with the instrument including Start and Stop buttons The Program Settings button bring up the general settings windows for setting display parameters and other software settings such as File Output Com Port settings and Plot Put LISST to sleep When viewing processed data the Print button will be activated Pressing the button will send the current display to the printer Attempts to wake up instrument from low power sleep mode This may take up to 40 seconds Puts instrument into low power sleep mode Wake up LISST 112 LISST 100X User s Guide Appendix E Software Upgrade Installation Procedure The following procedure describes the installation of the LISST SOP Version 5 00 software for users who have previously used Version 4 65 together with their LISST 100X NOTE THAT VERSION 5 0 DOES NOT SUPPORT COMMUNCATION WITH THE LISST 100 ONLY WITH THE LISST 100X YOU MUST USE VERSION 4 65 Windows XP compatible only TO COMMUNICATE WITH AND PROGRAM A LISST 100 Download Install file Unzip and replace files Rename old SOP folder Run SetupSOPv5 exe and configure software The LISST SOP Version 5 00 is available from the Sequoia Scientific web site http Awww sequoiasci com library downloads login aspx and is included on a USB card with new instruments The file downloads are restricted to registered web site users only You can register for download by filling out the form on the website Fut
129. uired to remove the end cap The end cap should remain parallel to the end of the case Tipping of the end cap can cause binding Do Not Pry the End Cap Off WARNING The endcap and battery cable assembly will still be connected to the main electronics The assembly can only be removed a few inches from the end of the pressure case 7 e To expose the battery and battery cable connectors remove Battery is visible the Velcro wrap 96 LISST 100X User s Guide e o remove the battery release the Velcro wrap and loosen Battery removed the nuts on the threaded rods Remove the plate Do not and replaced remove the threaded rods Disconnect the power cord from the battery and remove it from its place between the rods Before removing the battery make note of its orientation so that the replacement battery can be positioned similarly Insert the new battery in exactly the same orientation as the old battery Tighten the nuts on the threaded rods to finger tightness Re apply wrap allowing for access to the power connectors Make sure that the battery does not overhang the edge of the end cap diameter If the battery is offset the end cap may not seat properly making installation difficult 10 e Re Connect the white female 2 pin connector to the white Power on male 2 pin connector Connecting these connectors will apply power to the electronics module Once power is applied the instrument begin running and the L100X gt
130. uments Type B Type C Size bin Ring Lower Upper Median Lower Upper Median 1 32 1 25 1 48 1 36 2 50 2 95 2 72 2 31 1 48 1 74 1 60 2 95 3 48 3 20 3 30 1 74 2 05 1 89 3 48 4 11 3 78 4 29 2 05 2 42 2 23 4 11 4 85 4 46 5 28 2 42 2 86 2 63 4 85 5 72 5 27 6 27 2 86 3 38 3 11 5 72 6 75 6 21 7 26 3 38 3 98 3 67 6 75 17 97 7 33 8 25 3 98 4 70 4 33 7 97 9 40 8 65 9 24 4 70 5 55 5 11 9 40 11 1 10 2 10 23 5 55 6 55 6 03 11 1 13 1 12 1 11 22 6 55 ie 7 11 13 1 15 4 14 2 12 21 7 72 9 12 8 39 15 4 18 2 16 8 13 20 9 12 10 8 9 90 18 2 21 5 19 8 14 19 10 8 12 7 11 7 21 5 25 4 23 4 15 18 12 7 15 0 13 8 25 4 30 0 27 6 16 17 15 0 17 7 16 3 30 0 35 4 32 5 17 16 17 7 20 9 19 2 35 4 41 7 38 4 18 15 20 9 24 6 22 7 41 7 49 2 45 3 19 14 24 6 29 1 26 7 49 2 58 1 535 20 13 29 1 34 3 31 6 58 1 68 6 63 1 21 12 34 3 40 5 37 2 68 6 80 9 74 5 22 11 40 5 47 7 43 9 80 9 95 5 87 9 23 10 47 7 56 3 51 9 95 5 113 104 24 9 56 3 66 5 61 2 113 133 122 25 8 66 5 78 4 722 133 157 144 26 7 78 4 92 6 85 2 157 185 170 27 6 92 6 109 101 185 218 201 28 5 109 129 119 218 258 237 29 4 129 152 140 258 304 280 30 3 152 180 165 304 359 331 31 2 180 212 195 359 424 390 32 1 212 250 230 424 500 460 LISST 100X User s Guide 101 Size Ranges for There are 32 size ranges logarithmically placed from 1 25 250 RANDOMLY microns in diameter type B or 2 5 500 um type C In both cases shaped particle the upper size in each bin is 1 180 times the lower inversion method The ta
131. umulative Concentration 250 0 2 5 35 500 2 5 microns microns Mean 0 00 Std Dev 0 00 Sample Number 0 Total Vol Conc 0 00 Sequoia Scientific Inc New gt Scale WE Mode Sequoia Scientific inc 0 Interval Sec Particle Model Spherical Random Shape 11 e Next open the terminal window and place it next to the Realtime window Make sure the terminal window is the selected window mjes Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Mean 0 00 96 Dev 6 Sample Number 0 Total Vol Conc 0 00 Sequoia Scientific Inc Em je ed Seouns Soertic inc O Interval Sec 60 Listen Mode Particle Modet Sphencal Random Shape LISST 100X User s Guide Prepare real time window for listen mode Open up and select terminal window 67 68 When you are ready to start the realtime sampling click the Start button in the Terminal window You will see that the instrument starts and will wait for the start condition to Laser In Situ Scattering and Transmissometry LISST Particle Size Distribution Cumulative Concentration Ei Sample Number 0 Once the start condition has been met the instrument will transmit raw data to the SOP which is continually listening for data As soon as the SOP receives a set of raw data it will process them and display the results to the screen J00 u Jan Simim a man E 7 ox lnstru
132. ure is carried out indoor on a workbench The following tools are needed screwdriver 2 Alkaline replacement D cells O ring grease if O ring needs greasing Spare O ring is O ring needs to be replaced spare O rings ship with each BioBlock Step 1 Disconnect the cable attaching the BioBlock to the LISST 100X at the BioBlock The BioBlock can remain connected to the LISST 100X if desired Step 2 Remove the three screws holding the connector endcap to the main body of the BioBlock These screws are 4 40UNC socket head cap screws that are 5 8 inches long Step 3 Carefully remove the endcap from the main body by gently pulling on the endcap with a slight twisting motion Be careful not to pull the assembly out too far Wires connect this endcap to the internal circuitry and therefore the travel is limited Step 4 The two batteries are held in place by a battery mount attached to the connector endcap Remove the batteries and replace with fresh alkaline batteries If desired wrap each battery with electrical tape to keep it in place during installation Please note that the battery mount is flexible and when inserted in to the housing the squeeze on the batteries will increase to insure a good connection Make sure that the tape does not impede the batteries from sliding and making good contact Step 5 Check the O ring on the connector endcap The surface should be clean and free of cuts If needed add a very light coating of O ring
133. ure that the windows are still clean It is NOT necessary to have water around the chamber only IN the chamber 115 Appendix G BioBlock Use The BioBlock Anti Biofouling Shutter system is a bolt on optional accessory that is available for the LISST 25X and LISST 100X Copper disks are placed very near the optical widows The copper discourages any biology from growing on the optical windows The BioBlock is self contained with its own battery pack It uses a 5V logic signal from the dedicated BioBlock connector on the LISST 100X connector endcap This appendix is separated into three parts The first section covers the installation of the BioBlock onto the LISST 100X in 6 steps The second section discusses configuring the firmware in the instrument to recognize the BioBlock and use it during data collection The third section discusses general maintenance such as cleaning and battery replacement BioBlock Installation Instructions for the LISST 100X Step 1 The BioBlock for the LISST 100X is shipped fully assembled and ready to mount onto the LISST 100X Please note that the main body of the BioBlock can be used on the LISST 25X and LISST 100 in addition to the LISST 100X Therefore it is important to specify which type of instrument the BioBlock will be used with at the time the order is placed The photo on the left shows the assembled BioBlock next to the LISST 100X The BioBlock is shown in the Closed windows covered posi
134. ure visits to the download page can be accessed by entering the email and password selected at the time of registration Choose the zip file labeled LISST 100X SOP Ver 5 RELEASE FULL INSTALLER Save this file to your disk Unzip the file to a temporary folder on your hard drive and then REPLACE the following 4 four files with the files you already have on your PC e Factory _zsc_ 2002 asc replace with the Factory _zsc_SNSN asc file that you already have where SNSN is the instrument serial number e InstrumentData txt replace with the InstrumentData txt file that you already have In version 4 65 the InstrumentData tt file is located in C Program Files Sequoia e Lisst ini replace with the Lisst ini file that you already have In version 4 65 the Lisst ini file is located in C Windows e Ringarea_2002 asc replace with the ringarea_SNSN asc file that you already have where SNSN is the instrument serial number Rename your old folder C Program Files Sequoia LISST100 to something else e g C Program Files Sequoia Ver465Files When you have replaced the 4 files above with the files from your PC or ship disk run the SetupSOPv5 exe installer A Welcome screen will appear Choose Next to continue to the Destination Directory screen The directory for the installation of SOP 5 0 is C Program Files Sequoia LISST100 or C Program Files x86 Sequoia LISST100 LISST 100X User s Guide 113 Appendix F Zscat Chamber I
135. vide a start sample pulse to another LISST 100X The same ports can be used to receive similar commands Contact Sequoia Scientific for more information on interfacing the LISST 100X with other instruments These ports are available on the 6 pin underwater connector on the Connector end cap see Appendix C Connector Pinouts for LISST 100X for the connector pin outs The instrument can be configured to use the Digital I O ports as a trigger to start and stop sampling gt A gauge pressure sensor is calibrated to measure the pressure relative to a given atmospheric pressure as opposed to an absolute pressure sensor which measures pressure relative to a vacuum The pressure sensor on the LISST 100X will read 0 at atmospheric pressure LISST 100X User s Guide Battery Life The primary power source for the LISST 100X is a custom alkaline D cell battery pack The battery pack in NON rechargeable and outputs 9 V It has a room temperature capacity of 42 A hr When the instrument is in stand by mode the current drain is 8 5 mA In Low Power Sleep mode the current drain drops to 120 uA For profiling applications where the instrument is sampling continuously the battery pack has about 60 hours of On time Powering down the instrument between samples can greatly extend the deployment times An EXCEL spreadsheet that can estimate the battery consumption is included with the software on the Ship Disk you received with your instrument The sp
136. where your raw data files DAT or Raw Files Directory LOG extension are located Click the select button selected and navigate to the desired folder and select it Please note that ALL raw data files in the folder will be processed If you wish to only process a selection of files in a folder these files must be copied to an empty directory which must then be selected as the Raw Files Directory Close Inuna Sena Nurher The batch process operation will process multiple raw files in a single operation foe y The end result of the operation will produce files that are put into the Output Files a Directory and may include ASC PSD LOG and DAT files Background File Select CX ata zscat_1004 asc Raw Files Directory Select e Data Raw Output Files Directory Select C Data Raw Raw Files List Output Files F Overwrite without prompt L0231358 DAT L0301407 DAT L0301410 DAT L0301417 DAT Progress Process Raw Files e By default the Output Files Directory will be the same as the Raw Files Directory However if you wish to change this to another directory then click the select button in order to choose another directory e The Raw Files List box now shows all the raw data files DAT or LOG extension that are in your Raw Files Directory while the Output Files Box shows ASG PSD and LOG files that may already exist in the Output Files Directory e You cannot change the output file
137. will be stored after each sample Cautions Be very careful that the correct store mode is selected before a deployment where it is the intent to store the data internally on the instrument datalogger Issue a DS command to verify the status of the store mode setting A warning will be displayed as part of the DS status if the store mode is disabled WARNING Data storage disabled Data will not be saved SS OSes Reset Depth Sensor Offset Description The ZD or zd command resets the depth sensor offset so that the sensor reads a depth of Om at zero depth in air You must issue the ZD command then select 1 yes or 0 no to reset depth sensor Example input ZD output Depth Sensor Offset Reset Procedure Started Instrument must be at zero depth and similar temperature to field conditions Do you wish to reset Depth Sensor offset 1 yes 0 no 0 1 Previous offset was 14 03 New offset is 13 87 Previous Depth was 0 15 meters New Depth using corrected offset is 0 00 meters Acquisition Action commands Delete file from Compact Flash Module syntax DL filename or dl filename where filename is the name of the file to be deleted Description DL command is used to delete file from the Compact flash module Wildcards such as can be used LISST 100X User s Guide 87 Example Input DL L159 dat Output Are you sure Y N Cautions WARNING Make sure that the file being delete
138. y be possible to save more samples than specified When the number of sample to be saved has been reached the program will stop and return to the L100X gt prompt The Maximum Memory or Low Battery Stop condition will continue to sample until the memory capacity has been reached or when the battery voltage has dropped to less than 6 volts The program will continue to sample until one of these conditions is met It will then return to the L100X gt prompt LISST 100X User s Guide LISST 100X Command Summary Display Commands DB o e Do Drar oy O Display current status information Display Current Time and Date Display general help messages and command list Set Operating mode Set Start Condition Set Start Condition Data Set Stop Condition Set Stop Condition Data Set Sample interval Set samples per average equal to x Set Burst Interval Set Samples per Burst Setup Commands SC mm dd yy hh mm ss Set Clock with time and date where mm month dd day yy year hh hour 24 format mme minute ss seconds Example ST 01 05 2005 21 05 03 Store Mode Setting Acquisition Action Commands DL filename Delete File Start Data collection using current parameters Grab sample and transmit it Display Raw data to screen when average saved YMODEM offload of file at 115K Baud ZS Acquire 20 samples and transmit them Used by SOP Acquire Background Go into deep sleep mode minimum power LISST 100X User

LISST-100X Users Manual - Sequoia Scientific, Inc.

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents