CA4810A Curve Tracer - Madell Technology Corporation
Contents
1. CA4810A Curve Tracer User s Manual Madell Technology Corporation http www madelltech com Copyright 2005 CA4810A curve tracer is an instrument which can be used to view transistor and diode feature curves It can also be used to measure their low frequency static state characters as well as other semiconductor and circuit measurements 1 Specifications 1 1 Vertical Axis Deflection Collector voltage Ic 24A DIV 1A DIV 15 steps accuracy 3 Reversal drain current IR 0 2 LA DIV 1A DIV 6 steps Accuracy 2UA DIV 10uA DIV 3 amp 0 2UA DIV 1uA DIV 10 0 2LA DIV interfere lt 0 5V DIV Base current or base voltage 20mV DIV accuracy 3 Deflection multiplying factor x 0 5 accuracy 10 1 2 Horizontal Axis Deflection Collector Voltage 0 05V DIV S0V DIV 10 steps accuracy 3 Drain current voltage 100V DIV 550V DIV 3 steps accuracy 5 with 5kV test fixture Base voltage 0 05 V DIV 2V DIV 6 steps accuracy 3 1 3 Step Signals Step current 16 steps accuracy 5 Step voltage 0 05V 2V 6 steps accuracy 5 Stage Number per cluster 4 10 continuously adjustable step zeroing gt 1 DIV Stage Number per second 200 Step Polarity positive or negative Step mode Continuous or single cluster 1 4 Collector Sweeping Supply Max sweeping current 0 SV 10A 0 20V 2 5A 0 100V 0 5 0 500V 0 1 Dissipation Resistance 0 S00KQ 11 steps 10Q 500kQ accuracyt10 0 50 2 502. a Collector voltage 0 05V DIV 50V DIV in 10 steps b Drain current voltage VR 100V DIV 500V DIV in 3 steps this matches the 5kV test fixture Base voltage 0 05V DIV 2V DIV in 6 steps when the step switch 18 is set at potential source position the CRT X axis will show the step voltages d Base current or base source voltage the CRT X axis displays the stage number of the step at this mode 24 INV reversal phase switch When it 1 pressed down both the vertical and horizontal signals will reverse 180 It is convenient to use this feature to test a PNP transistor after testing a NPN transistor 25 Vertical position adjust the vertical position of the trace on the screen 26 0 5 switch when pressed down the deflection coefficient of I DIV switch 27 will be expanded two times 27 Current DIV switch this switch covers three deflection current ranges a Collector current Ic 20UA DIV 1A DIV in 15 steps b Drain current Ir 10u DIV 0 2uA DIV in 6 steps This range can only be used to measure the reversal drain current of diodes c Base current or base source voltage Y axis will display the stage number at this mode position The following switches are on the test fixture 28 30 Diode test plugholes to test the reversal breakdown current of diodes 29 31 Triodes test plugholes 32 Test fixture settings with 5 push down switches a Left the device on the left side of the test fix
3. Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 500V Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 100KQ X axis collector voltage Vce 20V DIV Y axis collector current Ic 1UuA DIV 2 le Ic mA 0 Vc V 5 Fig 3 5 3 2 6 Common base output feature of NPN 9013 transistor see Fig 3 6 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 5 V Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 2500 X axis collector voltage Vce 0 5 V DIV Y axis collector current Ic ImA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity negative Step choice 0 ImA STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 10 stages Ic mA 0 VeluA 5 3 2 7 Double cluster display of NPN 9013 transistor output features see Fig 3 7 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 SV Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 250Q X axis collector voltage 1 V DIV Y axis collector current Ic ImA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity positive Step choice SUA STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 10 stages Double cluster selected on the test fixture 10 Fig 3 7 RIGHT Note the trace separation knob 22 can be used to move the two clusters closer for better observations 3 2 8 Switching character of high cut in voltage VMOS transistor IRF840 see Fig 3 8 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 20V Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 250Q X axis c
4. accuracy 20 1 5 Physical Desk top Dimension 510 x 251 x 341mm Weight 13 5kg Supply voltage 110V 10 60Hz 5 Hz Apparent power non testing status SOVA Max power 110VA 2 Switches The front panel 15 shown in figure 2 1 test fixture in figure 2 2 and back panel in figure 2 3 2 Fig 2 1 Fig 2 2 CA4810A front panel Front panel controls 1 CRT focus adjustment 2 Trace tilt adjustment 3 CRT brightness adjustment 4 Power on LED 5 Power switch 6 Collector AC DC switch AC the collector is applied with alternate voltage see fig 2 3 DC the collector is applied with DC pulsating voltage rectified but not filtered see fig 2 4 DC and I DIV switch at IR the collector 15 applied with continuous DC voltage rectified and filtered see fig 2 5 AC voltage can be used to show the forward and reverse C V characteristic curves for bilateral diode Vo Vo Vo 0 0 t 0 t Fig 2 3 Fig 2 4 Fig 2 5 7 Max Peak Volts maximum collector peak voltages in 4 steps SVIOA 20V2 5A 100V0 5A and 500V0 01A Warning when the peak collector voltage is to be changed the Variable Collector knob 9 must first be anticlockwise returned to the 0 position Set it to the required voltage percentage afterwards Otherwise damages to the measured device and this instrument may happen 8 INV polarity of collector voltage When it is at position the collecto
5. ge the series resistance to match the input impedance of the measured device 15 Press when the Repeat Single Cluster switch 16 1s set to single cluster press this button will display a new cluster This feature 15 helpful for measuring outputs of heavy current transistors 16 Repeat Single Cluster switch When it is at Repeat position clusters will be continuously refreshed Use the Press button 15 to refresh the cluster at single mode The SGL led will be on at Single mode It is recommended to use the single mode to measure heavy duty devices to prevent damages to the device and the instrument CG 17 Step polarity switch the step output 1s at positive polarity at position and negative at 18 STEP OFFSET AMPL switch this switch serves two functions a Base current source from 1uA STAGE to 0 1A STAGE in 16 steps b Base voltage source from 0 05V STAGE to 2V STAGE in 6 steps 19 Offset Adjust this knob to cover any position between stages It should be set at the zero level to measure amplifying multiples 20 Number of steps continuously adjust the step of every cluster from 4 to 10 stages 21 Horizontal position to adjust the horizontal position of the light trace on the screen 22 Trace separation adjust the horizontal display position of the right side measured device on the test fixture when double cluster test fixture 15 used 23 VOLTS DIV switch this switch covers four ranges
6. ive Series resistors 250Q X axis collector voltage Vce 0 5V DIV Y axis collector current Ic 1mA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity positive Step choice SUA STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 10 stages The following curves in Fig 3 2 are obtained by turning the X axis horizontal switch anticlockwise to the end Voltage amplification multiple shown division of n vertical line on Y axis x Current DIV 27 value Ic x step switch 18 value n counts from left to right The amplification computed from the 10 curve will be 8x IMA HFE 160 times 10x 5x10 mA 10 Ic mA C B Fig 3 2 3 2 3 Output characters of N Channel depletion field effect transistor 3DJ7G see Fig 3 3 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 20V Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 2500 axis collector voltage 0 5V DIV Y axis collector current Ic 0 5mA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity negative Step choice 0 2V STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 10 stages ID mA C D O B G F S VIXV Fig 3 3 3 2 4 Forward current curve of diode IN4148 see Fig 3 4 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 5 V Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 2500 X axis collector voltage Vce 0 1 V DIV Y axis collector current Ic ImA DIV Ic m O 0 Vc V 5 3 2 5 Reversal breakdown voltage test of diode IN4148 see Fig 3 5
7. ollector voltage Vce 0 5V DIV Y axis collector current Ic ImA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity negative Step choice 0 5 V STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 4 stages Double cluster selected on the test fixture RIGHT
8. r is applied with positive voltage suitable for measuring NPN transistors When it 1s at position the collector is applied with negative voltage suitable for measuring PNP transistors 9 Variable Collector collector peak voltage adjustment This works in combination with the peak voltage buttons 7 Generally this knob should always be adjusted from zero percentage and up 10 Series Resistors Q these are dissipation limit resistors and are connected serially in the collector measurement loop 11 Collector fuse when the collector supply exceeds the rated power this fuse will be blown off The collector voltage output will be cut off Caution small triodes can be easily damaged if the collector voltage is suddenly changed to 500V and the curve tracer may be damaged Therefore a 1A fuse is installed when the instrument leaves the factory A 2A fuse can be used in place when it is necessary to measure large triodes 12 Looping capacitive current balance The capacitive current produced by the collector supply can cause errors at low current measurement It 1 necessary to reduce the capacitive current to the minimum before testing 13 Compensation this in combination with Looping 12 will further reduce the capacitive current 14 Series resistance when the STEP OFFSET AMPL 18 switch is set to one of the voltages the voltage will be applied to the grid of the field effect transistor through the series resistance Chan
9. roper test values 3 1 3 When measuring the reversal voltage maximum dissipation limit resistance must be used 500 or 1000kQ Set the collector current to In and increase the peak voltage slowly to reach the breakdown point The Ir feature is a continuous curve at AC mode and it is a point at DC mode 3 1 4 The double cluster function is mainly used to test the conjugation of current amplification multiples For the safety of the measured devices double cluster is not available at the following settings Collector voltage 15 at 100V 0 5A or 500V 0 1A Step current is between 10mA stage and 0 1 A stage 3 2 Measurement Examples 3 2 1 Output curves of NPN 9013 transistor see Fig 3 1 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 SV Collector voltage polarity positive Series resistors 250Q X axis collector voltage Vce 0 5V DIV Y axis collector current Ic ImA DIV Step Repeat Step polarity positive Step choice IOLA STAGE Step offset zero Stage number 10 stages Voltage amplification multiple shown division of n horizontalline Y axis x Current DIV 27 value Ic x step switch 18 value n counts from bottom to top The amplification computed from the 5 curve will be 4 IMA 160 times 5x 5x107 mA 10 Ic mA 1 n 10 M Vc V 5 3 2 2 Hre measurement of NPN 9013 transistor see Fig 3 2 Testing settings Peak collector voltage 0 SV Collector voltage polarity posit
10. ture will be measured b Right the device on the right side of the test fixture will be measured c Double cluster the devices on both the left and right sides of the test fixture will be alternatively displayed on the screen d Zero current the base of the measured transistor will be in the open circuit status and the feature will be tested e Zero voltage the base of the measured device is at zero potential This mode can be used to test the Inss of a FET transistor 33 Conjugation switch for FET it can be used to match the conjugations of two small FET transistors 34 Power socket AC 110V 60Hz power supply on the back of the curve tracer There is a 1A fuse at the lower part of the socket 35 CRT color filter glass 3 Operation 3 1 Introduction 3 1 1 Damages may happen to the measured device if switches on the front panel are not set properly It is recommended to set the STEP OFFSET AMPL switch 18 at the smallest level the Series resistance switch 14 at the maximum value 100kQ the collector SERIES RESISTORS 10 at the maximum also set Max Peak Volts to 5V and Variable Collector to zero Adjust them to the required positions one by one according to the test conditions of the measured device 3 1 2 When measuring power transistors set the step at Single position Increase the collector peak voltage decrease the dissipation limit resistance or increase the step current to find the p
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