Equipment Specifications - Technical Diagnostic Services
Contents
1. 30 16 08 90 Fax 33 1 34 61 23 77 Megger GmbH Obere Zeil 2 61440 Oberursel Germany Tel 06171 92987 0 Fax 06171 92987 19 Megger Pty Limited Unit 1 11 21 Underwood Road Homebush NSW 2140 Australia Tel 61 0 2 9397 5900 Fax 61 0 2 9397 5911 The company reserves the right to change the specification or design without prior notice Megger is a registered trademark www megger com TDR1000_3_EN_UG_V02 29 of 292. Tighten Screws e Do not mix old and new batteries Incorrect battery cell polarity can cause electrolyte leakage resulting in damage to the instrument Battery type 5 x 1 5 V Alkaline LR6 AA or NiMH HR6 rechargeable The crossed out wheeled bin placed on the batteries is a reminder not to dispose of them with general waste at the end of their life Alkaline and NiMH batteries are classified as portable batteries and must be disposed of in accordance with local regulations For details contact your local distributor Battery Indicator The battery state indicates how much life remains in the battery the more black bars are shown the longer the life remaining Replace the battery when there are no bars showing p Battery almost exhausted 1 volt per cell Page 20 of 20 Specifications Except where otherwise stated this specification applies at an ambient temperature of 20 C General Ranges 10m 25m 100 m 250m 1000 m 2500 m 5000 m 30 ft 75 ft 300 ft 750 ft 3000 ft 7500 ft 15000 ft Accuracy 1 of range pixel at 0 67VF Note The measurement accuracy is for the indicated cursor position only and is conditional on the velocity factor being correct Resolution 1 of range Output pulse 5 volts nominal peak to peak into open circuit Pulse widths determined by range and cable Gain Set for each range with three user selectable steps in Manual operating mode Velocity Factor Variable from 0 2
3. has been subjected to severe transport stresses FOR INSTRUMENT WARRANTY DETAILS PLEASE REFER TO WARRANTY CARD SUPPLIED WITH INSTRUMENT Note Any unauthorized prior repair or adjustment will automatically invalidate the Warranty CALIBRATION REPAIR AND SPARE PARTS For service requitements for Megger Instruments contact Megger Limited Archcliffe Road Dover Kent CT17 9EN England Tel 44 0 1304 502 243 Fax 44 0 1304 207 342 Megger operate fully traceable calibration and repair facilities ensuring your instrument continues to provide the high standard of performance and workmanship you expect These facilities are complemented by a worldwide network of approved repair and calibration companies to offer excellent in service care for your Megger products Approved Service Centres A list of Approved Service Centres may be obtained from the UK address above or from Megger s website at www megger com Returning your product to Megger UK and USA service centres i d When an instrument requires calibration or in the event of a repair being necessary a Returns Authorisation RA number must first be obtained from one of the addresses shown on the following page You will be asked to provide the following information to enable the Service Department to prepare in advance for receipt of your instrument and to provide the best possible service to you Model e g TDR1000 3 Serial number to be found on the unders
4. has internal matching networks to allow testing of 25 Q 50 Q 75 Q and 100 Q cables These typically correspond to power coaxial data and data telecoms cable By selecting the TDR impedance closest to that of the cable under test maximum power can be transmitted into the cable allowing long cables to be tested If the impedance of the cable under test is unknown the auto impedance function may be used to determine the cable impedance and set up the TDR automatically The distance units can be changed between metres and feet Display contrast is automatically adjusted for temperature but can be adjusted further for optimum display A backlight aids viewing in low ambient light conditions The instrument can be powered by manganese alkali or nickel metal hydride battery All cells must be of the same type Page 6 of 6 Overview Instrument Layout amp Display Left amp Right Arrows E in setup Four Way Joy Switch Mainly controls range and cursor Rotary Switch Turn to OFF to switch the instrument off Turn to any other position to turn the instrument on Backlit 256 x 128 dot matrix display There is an audible tone on key presses A low tone means the kef 1s invalid Velocity Impedance Factor Cumor i Position Position Distance Between Cursor 1 amp 2 Page 8 of 8 Controls Rotary Switch Turn the switch from OFF to another position to turn the instrument on The instrum
5. to 0 99 in steps of 0 01 Power Down Automatic after 5 minutes with no key press Backlight Stays on for 1 minute with no key press when activated Batteries Five LR6 AA type batteries Manganese alkali or nickel metal hydride cells Battery Life 14 hours typical Page 21 of 21 Safety When using the Fused Test Lead Set this instrument complies with EN 61010 1 for connection to live systems with less than 300V between the terminals and 150V CATIV to earth When using the Miniature clip Test Lead Set Bed of Nails Test Lead Set or BNC Adapter the system is rated for safety low voltage systems only oe with Electromagnetic Compatibility Specifications Light industrial BS EN 61326 1 with a minimum performance of B for all immunity tests Mechanical The instrument is designed for use indoors or outdoors and is rated to IP54 Case dimensions 230 mm 9 in x 115 mm 4 5 in x 48 mm 2 in Instrument weight 0 6 kg 1 32 lbs Case material ABS Connectors Two 4 mm safety terminals Display 256 x 128 pixel Graphics LCD Environmental Operational temperature 15 C to 50 C 5 F to 122 F Storage temperature 20 C to 70 C 4 F to 158 F Page 22 of 22 Waste electrical and electronic equipment WEEE The crossed out wheeled bin placed on Megger products is a reminder not to dispose of the product at the end of its life with general waste Megger is registered in the UK as a p
6. D OI RU o ead i pared A SAFETY WARNINGS Safety warnings and precautions must be read and understood before the instrument is used All Safety warnings and precautions must be observed during use The circuit under test must be switched off de energised securely isolated and proved safe before test connections are made Use the correct lead set On power systems the Megger fused lead set must be used Refer to the Test Lead selection page in this user guide to identify the correct lead set The operator must verify that the circuit is safe before testing and take the appropriate precautions Ensute that hands remain behind guards of probes clips when testing The instrument should not be used if any part of it is damaged Also all test leads probes and crocodile clips must be in good order clean and with no broken or cracked insulation Disconnect the test leads before removing the battery cover The battery cover must be in place whilst conducting tests This product contains no user service parts All relevant safety procedures must be followed THE INSTRUMENT MUST ONLY BE USED BY SUITABLY TRAINED AND COMPETENT PERSONS Symbols The following symbols are used on this instrument A s Ce no CAUTION RISK OF DANGER EQUIPMENT PROTECTED THROUGHOUT BY DOUBLE INSULATION OR REINFORCED INSULATION EQUIPMENT COMPLIES WITH RELEVANT EU DIRECTIVES EQUIPMENT COMPLIES WITH AUSTRALIAN EMC REQUIREMENTS C tick NOT FOR SAF
7. ETY THIS EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE RECYCLED AS ELECTRONIC WASTE Page 4 of 4 Introduction Thank you for purchasing this cable fault locator Before attempting use of your new instrument please take the time to read this user guide ultimately this will save you time advise you of any precautions you need to take and could prevent damage to yourself and the instrument This is an advanced instrument capable of identifying a wide range of cable faults The instrument uses a technique called Pulse Echo also known as Time Domain Reflectometry or TDR A pulse is launched into a cable ftom one end This can be on either a pair of conductors or a conductor and the screen The cable s construction will determine its characteristic impedance and the velocity a pulse travels down the cable The pulse velocity is normally described as a fraction of the speed of light and is called the Velocity Factor By measuring the time between the transmitted pulse and the reception of the reflected pulse and multiplying this by the speed of light and the velocity factor the actual distance to the reflection point can be established Reflections are caused by changes in the cable s characteristic impedance such as poor joints or discontinuities Faults showing impedance higher than that of the cables normal impedance will cause a reflection of the same polarity i e positive while faults with impedance lower than that of the cable will cause a negative going
8. Megger TDR1000 3 TDR1000 3P CFL510G TDR500 3 Time Domain Reflectometers User Manual CONTENTS Introduction OOVetVieWz deett eret Instrument layout and display Gone E 9 Gratum 9 Range and Cursor Control coe recen een ee a A IER QUO asoh HEX IAN YOUR EHLEHEYS BRAUN ERE SEEN TTE REEE 0 Backlight atid m esses 1 SII M becdeds 2 Sj lcu 3 General testine proced re ias eti ee ORO RP REIHE IRE OSSIA IO OR T 3 loncunau le 3 Connection to cable under test 14 Velocity factor sss 16 Pulse widths ad HU c DIDI ERR 8 S sethescable Fronm botbrenus a uere UR ROREM EIER TR RR EU RU ADDERE aN RSS EA ENIM ERES 8 Gare and MANTENAN CE ETT II LL T R 8 Bathe ry M 9 Battery fe place ents vase eee den RO EROR ERRARE M NER TU EEEE EA REEN EEA E EE AAE TEENS ESAE ENSE TURIS 9 Battery In diGator M NERE SS 20 opecthicatiofis edipi REIR EHE METEO QU RATHER NER ONEO IN GRER EROR CHIARO OU A NO EDU ESSET DX REM CREDO 21 Waste electrical and electronic equipment ite eee e e d M OR DI RR AD REX RI HI XR HR E e d Reds 23 Test Lead selection eene 525 Repair and warranty 26 Meggetr contact Information aeo e m ERG O IUNIO DI BE
9. ctor later in this text for details Operating Modes Auto Impedance of cable under test pulse width and gain automatically selected for chosen range Cable must be greater than 10m or 30 ft 2 Adjust the position of Cursor 2 Manual adjustment of measurement range 1 Adjust the position of Cursor 1 Manual adjustment of measurement range Setup Manually select impedance pulse width gain VF mute contrast and distance units Page 13 of 13 Connection to Cable Under Test Connect the test lead to the cable under test Connection may be made to a live power system with a voltage to earth ground less than 150 V with an installation over voltage category of I V or lower This means that the instrument may be connected to any to primary supply circuits such as overhead cables The voltage must be less than 300 V between the terminals and 150 V CAT IV to earth The fused lead set must be used to connect to power systems Refer to the accessories section Page 14 of 14 The 4mm plug to BNC adapter accessory is for use on cable distribution systems and low voltage cables only The operator must verify that the circuit is safe for testing and take the appropriate precautions In the event of no reflections being visible increase gain in setup mode until any reflection can be easily identified If no reflections can be seen try shorting or earthing the far end of the cable to ensure that you are seeing the wh
10. e feature relies on the velocity factor being correct Any errors in the velocity factor are directly related to distance measurement errors Page 16 of 16 Pulse Widths As the range of the TDR is adjusted so the duration of the transmitted pulse changes The pulse width range varies from 2 ns to overcome signal attenuation and enable the instrument to see further down a length of cable The greater the range selected on the TDR the wider the transmitted pulse The accuracy of the distance to fault is not affected by the length of the pulse However if two or more features exist close together excluding open or short circuits then the second or subsequent feature may be partially masked by the reflection from the first fault Hence for potential multiple features the instrument should be used with the shortest suitable range and also the smallest pulse width selected that allows both features to be seen For output pulse characteristics refer to output pulse data in the TDR Specification at the end of this guide Page 17 of 17 Techniques To improve on the accuracy of the measurement numerous techniques can be used depending on the situation encountered Not evety situation can be described but the following points are effective and the most common and easily implemented methods Test the cable from both ends When fault finding on a cable it is good practice to take measurements from both ends particular
11. ent may be turned off by switching to OFF or the instrument may switch itself off if it has not been used for 5 minutes or the battery is exhausted The other selections are where fitted Page 9 of 9 Range amp Cursor Control The range is set using the four way switch press up to Moving the four way switch left or right will move the active increase the range and down to reduce the range cursor Page 10 of 10 Backlight amp Hold Backlight key Press the backlight key to switch the backlight Hold key When the rotary switch is set to cursor 1 cursor 2 or on It will switch off after one minute with no key press Auto pressing the hold key will place an image of the current when activated or it may be switched off by pressing the key trace in grey on the display This allows comparisons to be made again between two cables or intermittent faults to be seen Page 11 of 11 Setup The setup position allows the Velocity Factor Impedance Pulse Width Gain Distance Units Sound and Display Contrast to be set These are remembered when the instrument is switched off and recalled when switched back on To adjust any of these parameters turn the rotary switch to the setup position The parameter to be adjusted is highlighted at the top of the screen Pressing the left or right key will select a different parameter using the four way joy switch will change the paramet
12. er Velocity Factor The velocity factor is a characteristic of the cable under test and needs to be set correctly for the distance to be accurate Refer to the section in this guide for further information Impedance The impedance is a characteristic of the cable under test and needs to be EE set correctly for the best display Refer to the section in this user guide for further information Pulse Width The pulse width may be adjusted for a clearer display The gain may be adjusted for a clearer displa The distance may be shown in metres or feet Contrast control The display contrast may be adjusted Sound The instrument s sounder can be muted While in Auto the unit will select the optimal impedance pulse width and gain for the current range overriding any manually set values Whilst in Cursor 1 or Cursor 2 the unit will select a pulse width and gain for the current range yet the user may override the selection Page 12 of 12 Operation General Testing procedure Ensure the correct test leads are firmly fitted into the sockets of the instrument Switch on the instrument The instrument will display the start screen for a couple of seconds followed by a trace The instrument will remember the settings last used If necessary adjust the display contrast and distance units to the preferred settings Use the setup mode to set the velocity factor and impedance of the cable about to be tested Refer to Velocity fa
13. ide of the case or on the calibration certificate d Reason for return e g calibration required or repair e Details of the fault if the instrument is to be repaired Make a note of the RA number A returns label can be emailed or faxed to you if you wish Pack the instrument carefully to prevent damage in transit Ensure the returns label is attached or that the RA number is clearly marked on the outside of the package and on any correspondence before sending the instrument freight paid to Megger Copies of the original purchase invoice and packing note should be sent simultaneously by airmail to expedite clearance through customs In the case of instruments requiring repair outside the warranty period an immediate quotation can be provided when obtaining the RA number You may track the progress of your return on line at www megger com Page 28 of 28 Megger Limited Archcliffe Road Dover Kent CT17 9EN England Tel 44 0 1304 502100 Fax 44 0 1304 207342 Megger 4271 Bronze Way Dallas TX 75237 1017 U S A Tel 1 800 723 2861 U S A only Tel 1 214 330 3203 International Fax 1 214 337 3038 Megger Valley Forge Corporate Centre 2621 Van Buren Avenue Norristown PA 19403 USA Tel 1 610 676 8500 Fax 1 610 676 8610 This instrument is manufactured in the United Kingdom Megger Megger SARL Z A Du Buisson de la Couldre 23 rue Eug ne Henaff 78190 TRAPPES France Tel 33 1
14. ly in the case of open circuit faults when the true end of the cable is not visible If the measurement is made from both ends then the combined answer should equal the expected length of the cable Even when the true end of the cable is visible on the display the reflections after the fault may be too obscure to analyze clearly In this case measurement from both ends yields a clearer picture as well as improved accuracy It is also good practice to follow the cable route with a cable tracer as not all cable runs will be straight It can save a great deal of time if the exact route of the cable is known as faults are often found at these points and can be accredited to third party intervention Care and Maintenance Other than replacing the batteries the instrument has no user serviceable parts In case of failure it should be returned to your supplier or an approved Megger repair agent Cleaning the instrument should only be done by wiping with a clean cloth dampened with soapy water or Isopropyl Alcohol IPA Battery Battery Replacement 2 Undo Screws x 2 1 Disconnect 3 Lift off battery cover Page 19 of 19 Switch off the instrument Disconnect the instrument from any electrical circuits Undo two screws Remove the battery cover from the base For battery replacement 2 Remove old batteries b Refit new batteries following correct polarity as marked on the battery holder c Replace the battery cover d
15. ole length of the cable The range may be changed by moving the four way switch up and down and the cursor moved using the LEFT and RIGHT joy switch Move the cursor to the beginning of the reflection The distance to the fault can then be directly read from the display The distance calculation is performed using the velocity factor set in the TDR If this velocity factor is not correct for the cable under test the displayed distance will be incorrect Shown are two typical trace displays The first shows an open circuit the second a short circuit Page 15 of 15 Velocity Factor The velocity factor is used by the instrument to convert the measured time for a pulse to be reflected into a distance It is displayed as a ratio of the speed of light eg 0 66 66 of the speed of light If the exact length of cable is known and the reflection from the cable end is visible then an accurate velocity factor can be determined Locate the reflection caused by the end of the known length of cable with the instrument set on the shortest possible range to see the end of the cable Locate the start of this reflection as described in the Operation section of this manual e Adjust the velocity factor until the correct cable length is shown Note the VF value for future reference The measurement of the distance to the fault can now be made with more confidence The ability of the instrument to accurately measure the distance to a cabl
16. reflection Matched cable terminations absorb all the pulse hence no end of cable reflection will occur the cable appearing endless Open or short circuits will reflect all the pulse and a large reflection will be displayed At an open or short circuit all the transmitted energy is reflected and the TDR will not see the cable beyond that fault As a pulse travels down a cable the size and shape of that pulse is gradually attenuated by the cable The pulse reduces in amplitude and becomes more elongated or stretched The level of attenuation or loss is determined by the cable type the condition of the cable and any connections along its length The limit of how far you can see is determined by the point beyond which you will not be able to see or distinguish a reflection To help identify small reflections especially at greater distance the instrument has an adjustable gain setting By increasing the gain small reflections become visible The velocity factor of the TDR must be adjusted to match that of the cable under test allowing an accurate distance measurement to be read directly from the instrument Where the VF of a cable is not known but the length is the cursor can be set to the end of the cable and the VF on the TDR adjusted until the correct cable length is displayed The instrument can be used on any cable consisting of at least two separate conductive elements one of which may be the armouring or screen of the cable It
17. roducer of electrical and electronic equipment The Registration Number is WEE HEO0146QT Megger is registered in the UK as a producer of batteries The Registration Number is BPRNO00142 vs A o Eh N U Ordering Information Item Order No TDR1000 3 Time Domain Reflectometer 1001 788 includes Miniature clip test lead set TDR1000 3P Time Domain Reflectometer 1001 789 includes fused test lead set CFL510G Time Domain Reflectometer 1001 790 includes Bed of Nails test lead set and BNC adapter Accessories User information CD 2002 178 Hard carry case 5410 420 Miniature clip test lead set 6231 652 Bed of nails test lead set 6231 653 Fused test lead set 1002 015 BNC adapter 25965 154 Test Lead selection Fused test lead set Megger Part Number 1001 717 must be used on power systems Other test leads and the BNC adapter must only be used on low voltage systems ao A ites lt A Repair and Warranty The instrument contains static sensitive devices and care must be taken in handling the printed circuit board If an instrument s protection has been impaired it should not be used but sent for repair by suitably trained and qualified personnel The protection is likely to be impaired if for example it shows visible damage fails to perform the intended measurements has been subjected to prolonged storage under unfavourable conditions or
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