DRIVEGHOST User Manual
Contents
1. DRIVEGHOST OND 64 DD Disk Imaging Software User Manual COPLIN 2003 2009 COPLIN 2003 2009 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com DRIVEGHOST disk imaging for CMD Drives Overview DRIVEGHOST is a tool for imaging or ghosting the contents and structure of CMD drives Drive ghosting is far more than a backup it is a complete track and sector accurate method of copying data and ensuring that systems not just files can be restored at a later date Programs databases GEOS anything and everything is captured DRIVEGHOST images the contents and structure of your CMD HD FD or RAMLINK to special files on a PC configured to run 64HDD These image files can be kept on this PC or burnt to CDROM for a more permanent backup DRIVEGHOST offers the flexibility of a complete backup restore user selected partitions or the ability to import individual partitions to new drives or locations It even lets you import D64 files downloaded from the internet or from archives onto you CMD drive Features e Complete backup solution for CMD drive users HD FD or RAMLINK Uses imaging so as to capture all disk data not just the files Simple intuitive point and click user interface Runs unsupervised once started Works with freeware and Professional versions of 64HDD using the popular X1541 cable or use it in combination with IDE64 Image files stored in PC format and can be transferred to CDROM e Id2. This transfer method is the most basic but also the most standard and will work with all 64HDD compatible PCs Unfortunately this method is also the slowest of solutions Fast Serial Transfer requires X1541 or XE1541 cable This transfer method uses the standard serial IEC mode for backups but a custom fast serial method for restores This dramatically speeds up the restoration of partitions and importation of D64 images The speed up is only used for 64HDD transactions and communications to the CMD device are done via kernal calls meaning JiffyDOS will be used if available The custom fast serial method is comparable in speed to JiffyDOS Fast Serial will work with 64HDD compatible systems which have a better performing CPU It should work with any machine with at least a P100 CPU PwrLoad Parallel Transfer requires Pwr XE compatible cable This is the fastest method to backup and restore your 64HDD system The transfer protocol used is a custom parallel method and in addition to the IEC serial connection a second parallel connection is required between your 64HDD PC and the C64 128 s Userport The cable can be purchased from www 64hdd com or you may build your own using the information supplied in the PwrLoad manual from the 64HDD website With the Pwr XE cable restores are possible when connected to any LPT port To enable parallel backups the LPT port of your PC will need to be capable of the Bi Directional mode Normal
3. DRIVEGHOST will handle these partition types 1541 1571 1581 NATIVE DACC may not be in initial releases At present it cannot handle other foreign or print buffer type partitions Once a restore function is underway there is no way to cancel the function short of resetting the Commodore This is done to protect the integrity of the image data e Stopping a restore can result in a corrupted CMD disk partition containing a mix of original and restored data so be sure you really do want to restore before typing YES to the prompt Stopping a backup is not a major problem providing the partially written partition image is deleted restoring a partial image may however corrupt your CMD partition If you click to cancel a backup DRIVEGHOST will cleanup files appropriately to avoid this It is highly recommended that you familiarise yourself with the backup procedures and trial the restoration of small test partitions before embarking on complete system imaging DRIVEGHOST does not replace the functionality of LLFORMAT the CMD utility that lays the base format on your SCSI mechanism You still need to use LLFORMAT and some of the other CMD supplied utilities when configuring a new drive mechanism for the first time If you prefer you can also use the CMD HD Power Tools software to make additional back ups of your drive partition info Technical Details DRIVEGHOST uses the following commands to access the CMD de
4. click to skip This file is similar in format to type created by CMD s HD Power Tools The text file is created so that you have a record that can be printed in case you need something to refer to later For a CMD FD only the text file CMD DISK USR is created if the SAVE TABLES option is checked Error checks are made of both drives during the backup process if the ERROR CHKS option is checked The backup will progress more quickly if the ERROR CHKS option is unckecked but no error information will be recorded COPLIN 2003 2009 11 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Any binary backups of the system partition table will only be automatically restored if A11 is selected for restoration Even then restoration of the HD s partition table can be skipped by following the click to skip prompt You can manually restore the drive s partition table without restoring any of the data to the partitions by clicking the RESTORE TABLES option You will be prompted to confirm that you want to restore the drive s partition table This function is handy for when initialising a RAMLink for example and rather than wanting to wait for the complete restoration you need only get the partition table in place to restore or imported selected items only The IMPORT button has a special function it allows importation of D64 disk images on to CMD drives or alternatively can be used to restore an individ
5. restores will be possible DRIVEGHOST presents a graphical user interface once the drive detection routine is finished From here it s all point and click Ier er ay ai gt IF gt SELECTED DALL CS NONE By default no partitions are selected for backup or restore None is shown selected COPLIN 2003 2009 9 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Clicking on the box next to the 64HDD Device label will present a drop down box listing of all 64HDD device numbers detected You can select from this box the device number to use for the back restore image location fore es ve 75 6 79 CES gt SELECTED lt DALL Ce gt gt NONE Once you have selected a 64HDD device the path box will update to show the current path set for this device Clicking on the path box will allow you to navigate to another location using a directory scroller The directory scroller allows you to select an existing subdirectory or a new drive a or c or d To navigate up the directory tree select and when finished just click DONE If you wish to create a new 64HDD subdirectory click NEW and enter a name If the new directory was successfully created you will be moved into it Only 8character directory names are allowed 75 Em HD gt SELECTED lt DALL gt NONE Backur RESTORE EX evr The box next to the CMD Device label allo
6. result of its point and click interface To move the pointer you need either e a 1351 or compatible mouse in joystick port 1 e a joystick or 1350 or similar mouse in joystick port 2 e the keyboard s cursor keys DRIVEGHOST is distributed as a single compressed file with all protocol drivers included It will take a couple seconds to decompress after which a caution followed by menu will be presented Make your choice and the system will be reconfigured During configuration DRIVEGHOST will try to read some info from previous sessions saved in your 64hdd system folder COPLIN 2003 2009 8 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com The first time you run the program you may see an E 62 file not found error this is to be expected If this configuration file gets corrupted for any reason it can be deleted and it will be recreated Next DRIVEGHOST will scan all drives attached to the Commodore Each drive will be issued with a Ul command so drives need to have unique hardwired device numbers If you have any problematic drives or printer interfaces switch them off for now The program will automatically detect which drives are 64HDD and CMD types and appropriate them to the specific device lists At least one 64HDD drive and one CMD drive needs to be present if DRIVEGHOST is to be useful however if your are only test driving the program then you will have the option to continue but no backups or
7. to perform most conceivable data management activities for your CMD devices Complete backup of a RAMLINK Select 64HDD device number Select create 64HDD archive directory Select the RAMLINK device Select A11 Select BACKUP At the end of the backup you will be prompted to click to continue O O1 N TZ Complete backup of a CMD HD Select 64HDD device number Select create 64HDD archive directory Select the CMD HD device Select A11 Select BACKUP O N TE Z COPLIN 2003 2009 13 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 6 If you wish to backup the partition table data at the prompt put the HD into config mode else click to skip Once partition backup is made you will be asked to reset the HD 7 At the end of the backup you will be prompted to click to continue Complete restoration of a RAMLINK 1 If your RL is not at the same default device number as it was backed up use RL TOOLS to adjust the default device number Select 64HDD device number Select 64HDD archive directory Select the RAMLINK device Select A11 this will also restore your partition info Select RESTORE answer yes to prompt At the end of the restore you will be prompted to click to continue Selective restoration of a RAMLINK 1 Select 64HDD device number 2 Select 64HDD archive directory 3 Select the RAMLI
8. 0 897 BIOS e You will not be able to backup or restore the RAMLINK system memory as there is a hardware conflict between the IDE64 device and CMD s RAMLINK when the hardware registers are active e Error log files will not be created this is because the IDE64 only supports a single write channel e File dialog boxes will not be filtered this is because the filtering capabilities of the IDE64 are not as good as other drives Other than for the above DRIVEGHOST will work much the same as it does with a 64HDD setup Getting Started DRIVEGHOST Basics As of v1 10 DRIVEGHOST is available in two versions One version DRVGHOST supports all CMD devices The second RL GHOST is optimised for usage only with a CMD RAMLink Both versions have identical user interfaces DRIVEGHOST offers the choice of four transfer methods each provided a common user interface and program layout Standard Serial IEC Transfer requires X1541 or XE1541 cable To ensure the utmost integrity of data the first transfer method uses only kernal ROM disk transfer routines This means COPLIN 2003 2009 5 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com If you have the JiffyDOS kernal switched in e DRIVEGHOST will use JiffyDOS for transfers to from your CMD device but e DRIVEGHOST will use the normal CBM protocol for transfers to from 64HDD If you have the CBM kernal switched in e DRIVEGHOST will use the CBM protocol for all disk transfers
9. HOST Inside So what happens when you image your CMD drive Firstly the data contained in your CMD drive s partition directory is copied to the PC running 64HDD For example with a RAMLINK every byte in the special 2k memory region is stored in a file called RAMLINK USR Secondly DRIVEGHOST will sequentially change to each partition selected for backup and create 1 arecord of the individual partition s information 2 an image of the actual partition s content and 3 an error file containing flags for each block transferred The program automatically detects the partition s format and proceeds to copy every track and sector thus creating an image file which is exactly the byte size of the original Everything is transferred during the ghosting process from the boot sector to the last sector Data stored in non standard locations or using special formats such as REL files even GEOS or GateWay with their specialised disk operating systems are transferred as a complete mirror copy Each partition is stored as its own image file and since you can choose where on your 64HDD system the files are stored you can create as many archives as you need Storing each partition in its own image file gives you the freedom to restore individual partitions say for example you corrupt your GEOS partition and want to restore just that one Image files stored on the 64HDD PC are saved using universal 8 3 format names and so they c
10. NK device 4 Select None 5 Select Selected tag partition s to restore 6 Select RESTORE answer yes to prompt note only partitions that match in both size and type will be restored else they will be skipped 7 At the end of the backup you will be prompted to click to continue Importing a D64 disk image to a CMD Drive 1 Select 64HDD device number 2 Select 64HDD archive directory where the D64 is stored 3 Select the CMD device 4 Select IMPORT 5 Select D64 click DONE 6 Select the D64 file from the list 7 Select the 41 type partition to import into it must be a 41 type for the size to match 8 Answer yes to the confirmation dialog box Viewing and Using DriveGuost with Your PC DRIVEGHOST files are saved as USR type The directory of these files is viewable using CBMDISK from www 64hdd com By remaining the partition data files to have disk image file extensions D64 D71 D81 or DNP as appropriate the files are then compatible with DirMaster from http style64 org DirMaster allows the contents of the partition file to be manipulated allowing you to move copy rename import and export all the internally stored content If renamed to a USR file extension the resultant files can be used with DRIVEGHOST for transferring back to real CMD devices COPLIN 2003 2009 14 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Notes and Precautions
11. This means either a floppy or FAT16 FAT32 hard drive is needed Drives formatted as NTFS can only be read from DOS using the NTFSDOS driver To reliably run 64HDD it is recommended that you boot to MSDOS Remember that the distribution floppy can be used as a boot disk for most PCs or with Windows 95 and 98 systems hold down F8 during booting To run 64HDD change to the C 64HDD directory just type GO64HDD Depending upon your interface cable type or PC CPU type you may need to add some additional command line parameters The 64HDD documentation covers these and other details further refer to the README TXT file or the User Manual available from www 64hdd com COPLIN 2003 2009 4 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com As a quick primer other common configurations include For use with an XE1541 cable GO64HDD XE For use with an XE1541 cable on a Pentium PC GO64HDD XE P As mentioned earlier it may be worth verifying that your PC will properly run 64HDD by trialling the freeware download from the website before purchasing DRIVEGHOST Getting Started IDE64 Basics If you are going to use your IDE64 device as the backup medium for your CMD hardware then there are a few things to consider mostly as a result of limitations of the IDE64 e PC LINK device needs to be device 14 this is because PC LINK cannot be disabled and may give a device not found error e Only tested with IDE64 v
12. an easily be transferred on to CDROM using PC software for safe keeping Each file is named with the original partition number embedded in it and has a USR extension A special function of DRIVEGHOST is that it also lets you import a partition image to another location be it on the same CMD drive or to another For example your 002 partition may now contain some new data you want to have online so you can choose to import the backup of 002 to another existing partition say 031 of course partitions must be of the same type COPLIN 2003 2009 7 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com but DRIVEGHOST checks for this before importing the data Another feature built into the program allows importation of D64 image files into your 41 type partitions With DRIVEGHOST you can customise how you use your CMD RAMLINK on a project by project basis this means that you could restore a whole pre existing configuration when you want to work on a specific project then backup it up in its entirety before moving to another project DRIVEGHOST is designed to run standalone once you ve launched the backup or restore This means once setup you can go to bed or work school etc whilst the data is transferred Using DRIVEGHOST To run DRIVEGHOST change to the file s location and LOAD and RUN the file All of DRIVEGHOST is contained in just one file DRIVEGHOST is especially easy to use and quite intuitive as a
13. eal for o Backups Restoration Drive mechanism upgrades Data exchange Installing D64 files Shuffling partitions around o and more e Four different transfer methods are available o Standard serial backup restore o Fast Serial restore o PwrLoad cable support for the fastest backup restore o IDE64 file system mode to backup restore your CMD system e Two versions o General CMD device support o Dedicated RAM Link support optimised faster access e C128 users can take advantage of the CPU s 2MHz capability 0000 0 COPLIN 2003 2009 2 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Introduction DRIVEGHOST is a unique backup tool available to the Commodore 64 user It s powerful yet easy to use A graphical user interface allows easy selection of 64HDD and CMD drives tagging of partitions to backup or restore and navigation of your 64HDD archives Of course if you are going to use DRIVEGHOST with IDE64 device then most of the same operations will also be available DRIVEGHOST will work with 64HDD core version vO 7b5 or better freeware or Professional versions 64HDD is a MSDOS PC based emulation program that allows 8 bit Commodore computers to access the power of PC drives via the popular X1541 compatible cable To find out more about 64HDD refer to the separate user manual or the website A copy of the current freeware version of 64HDD is included with your distribution of DRIVEGHOST Background For to
14. ly this requires your PC s port to be set to EPP mode commonly available on newer PCs When 64HDD starts up it checks for Bi Dir support and will indicate this with a status message If Bi Dir is not supported transfers will not actually be made during backups Note electrically what happens during a backup operation is that the PC s LPT port is put into input mode and the C64 s Userport is put into output mode This is the opposite of their power on default DRIVEGHOST and 64HDD co ordinate their actions to ensure that at no time both ports are in the output mode at the same Should one of the computers hang it is recommended COPLIN 2003 2009 6 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com that the C64 is reset first to ensure that its Userport returns to input mode and a bus conflict avoided IDE64 Support Mode requires IDE64 tested with v0 897 IDEDOS This is an alternative to using your 64HDD system if you happen to have one of these interfaces The transfer protocol used is the standard kernal call method meaning the IDE64 device is fully supported Be sure your interface has a compatible IDEDOS installed The RAMLink optimised version of DRIVEGHOST uses the RL kernal functions to directly transfer data blocks by passing the emulation of the serial protocol This provides a significant improvement up to 2 5x faster with the Pwr XE cable in backup and restore speeds DRIVEG
15. o many years CMD drive users have been without a complete disk imaging solution Sure backup tools exist but lets face it how many 5 disk do you need to back up a 16MB partition And how many partitions do you have And how often do you actually get around to doing it Users with both a RAMLINK and a CMD HD have been able to backup RAMLINK partitions to their CMD HD But how do you protect against that drive failing or corrupting with another CMD HD Whilst CDROMs can be attached to a CMD system for reading CDWRITERS cannot be used to burn CDs as there is currently no CD writing software available for the C64 Owners of the FD2000 have been able to use the 1581COPY function accessible through 64HDD for quite some time now but HD and RL users have been left in the cold until now DRIVEGHOST was created because data is just too valuable imagine losing your entire 20year software collection because your drive got an error Imagine losing the contents of your RAMLINK because of an extended power outage CBM Computer Compatibility Whilst 64HDD will work with any Commodore computer with an IEC serial disk drive port DRIVEGHOST has been written specifically for the C64 or C128 in C64 mode The transfer routines are in optimised assembler and caching is used to maximise transfer speed For the ultimate speed during COPLIN 2003 2009 3 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com backup and restore operati
16. ons it is recommended that a Pwr XE compatible cable is used The program has been extensively tested with CMD s RAMLINK and HD both individually and in systems with both these CMD devices active To ensure the compatibility with both 64HDD and CMD drives whilst making backups or restores you should e remove any disk acceleration cartridges that are either incompatible with either 64HDD or CMD drives e disconnect or switch off any specialised IEC devices such as printer interfaces as these may be incorrectly be identified as drives It is essential that 64HDD is installed and configured on a suitable and tested MSDOS PC system It is recommended that you load and run some of the programs and utilities supplied with 64HDD to convince yourself of a satisfactory and reliable installation before commencing on backup restore duties Getting Started 64HDD Basics Your DRIVEGHOST software is distributed on a PC formatted 64HDD 37 floppy disk that also contains the latest available freeware version of 64HDD Additionally this floppy disk has been formatted as a boot disk should your PC system not have DOS boot capability To install the 64HDD files to your PC s hard disk run the INSTALL utility located on the floppy This will copy the files to C with the appropriate directory structure It should be noted that for 64HDD and DRIVEGHOST to be useful at least one of your PC s drives should have write access under MSDOS
17. s The data rate measured in Blocks Per Minute BPM changes with the type of cabling your system has the direction of data transfer the track sector calculations required for that particular partition type and whether you use a CPU accelerator on your Commodore As such when DRIVEGHOST starts up it has no idea of the speed at which your configuration will transfer data Once you have transferred your first partition the data rate is calculated The data rate is updated for each partition transferred using an adaptive algorithm During a backup or restore the ETC is also updated after each partition transferred The ETC uses the Commodore s CIA timer chips directly so it avoids timing errors due to bus activity however the time to completion is only ever an estimate because of the variation in the data rate The ETC can be calculated prior to initiating a backup or restore by firstly testing a one partition transfer in order to calculate a data rate and then clicking the DATA option to calculate the time required to transfer all the partitions you have selected You then have some idea if the requested operation is likely to take minutes or hours to complete A moving average filter is used to keep track of the average data rate achieved This saved in a configuration file stored in the 64hdd system folder Examples of Use Below are a number of example uses for DRIVEGHOST Following these examples you should be able to learn how
18. ual partition image to an alternate device or partition slot partitions must however be of the same type size Selection of the import type is as simple as clicking the appropriate radio button shown in the dialog box RICE L Cs NON Ckur RESTORE IMPORT Cuir A checkbox will allow you to decide if the partition name will be changed to the filename of the imported data After making your choice press DONE A directory scroller will then be presented to allow selection of the D64 or D81 or partition image to import The source path is the current 64HDD path If you want to cancel select DONE otherwise select an image If continuing with the import a second scroller will list the partitions directory select the partition or cancel with DONE As with the restore function a confirmation dialog box will ask you to type YES to ensure you really do want to overwrite the existing partition C128 users can take advantage of the machine s 2MHz processing capabilities Simply pressing the CAPS key will activate 2MHz mode Un pressing the CAPS key will deactivate the speed up The screen shows flicker whilst 2MHz is activated this is normal for the VIC screen mode used by DRIVEGHOST COPLIN 2003 2009 12 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Estimated Time to Completion ETC DRIVEGHOST estimates the time to completion of a backup or restore by using data it acquires during its operation
19. uggest enhancements to DRIVEGHOST you are more than welcome to Acknowledgements A word of thanks should go to lan in particular who has constantly reminded me of the absence a tool such as DRIVEGHOST and for his beta testing efforts and also to those who have supported this new software development by purchasing DRIVEGHOST Copyright Trademarks and Warranties DRIVEGHOST DRIVEGHOST64 DRIVEGHOST128 64HDD CMD MSDOS are trademarks of their respective owners 64HDD and DRIVEGHOST are copyright COPLIN 1999 2004 DRIVEGHOST is licensed software and cannot be used or distributed without being licensed from the author or official reseller Although all care has been taken in the development of the software the fitness of the software to perform the prescribed functions should be verified by the end user No warranties implied or expressed COPLIN 2003 2009 16 of 16 v1 10
20. vices In addition certain PEEKs POKEs and SYS calls are made if your system includes a RAMLINK UI Used to initialise drives device number must be hardwired UJ Used to reset and initialise CMD drives G P Used to access individual partition information U1 Used to read from CMD drive U2 Used to write to CMD drive COPLIN 2003 2009 15 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com PO Used to switch off parallel mode when accessing the HD in config mode P1 Used to switch on parallel mode after the program has finished with config mode P R Used to read HD partition info when drive is in config mode P W Used to write HD partition info when drive is in config mode To put the CMD HD into config mode follow these instructions from the CMD guide 1 Press and hold down the write protect switch 2 While holding down the write protect switch press the reset switch once and release it 3 Continue to hold down the write protect switch until the activity LED stays off 4 Release the write protect switch If the write protect LED is lit press and release the write protect switch again To get the CMD HD out of config mode wait for disk activity to finish or the software prompt reset the drive and wait until the activity LED stays off Bugs and Enhancements In the event that you identify bugs please report them to the author and a solution will be investigated If you would like to s
21. ws selection of the CMD device to interact with All future backup restore and import requests will be made to the selected device COPLIN 2003 2009 10 of 16 v1 10 DRIVEGHOST www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Radio buttons next to the Partitions label determine which partitions DRIVEGHOST will backup or restore None will clear the list of any tagged partitions A1 1 will tag all partitions 01 31 for FD and RL 001 254 for HD but only those partitions actually defined will be acted upon and Selected allows individual tagging of partitions The backup process is initiated by pressing the BACKUP button Likewise the RESTORE button will initiate the restore process The restore function will only proceed if you answer YES to the confirmation dialog box this is done to ensure you do really want to overwrite the existing partition s The backup process will always make a copy of the devices partition table For a RAMLINK the information stored in the 2k system partition RAM is transferred to disk as a binary file RAMLINK USR and as a text file CMD DISK USR if the SAVE TABLES option is checked For a CMD HD the system partition table is saved as a binary file CMDHDTBL USR and as a text file CMD DISK USR if the SAVE TABLES option is checked The binary file is optional as it requires that you put the HD into the configuration mode and reset it afterwards if you don t want to do this
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