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PROSA/SA/M-USE Intensive course 1

1. 0 Manage Factory Manage Process Planning Manage Production Manage Production Robots 1 Coordinate Robots Manage Receiving Robot Manage Assembly Robot 1 Interpret NC Programme 2 Drive Actuators 3 Read Sensors 4 Manage Assembly Robot Control Manage Production Robots Control Manage Delivering Robot Figure 14 5 Minispecification report Parameter MiniSpecification Options ed C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 97 dat txt Notepad L Oi x File Edit Search Help USER REQUIREMENTS REPORT 08 01 1998 13 19 19 1 Factory Automation System Req Capacityreq ProcessPlan ProductionstartupTime ProcessPlan 0 ProductSetupTime 2 Manage Production dfas0 dfd 3 5 Manage Delivering Robot Admanrob dfd ReceivingRobotspeed 3 2 Manage Receiving Robot Xdmanrob dfd RobotControlspec 3 Manage Production Robots dfas0 dfd Figure 14 6 User requirements tracing report Parameter UserRequirementsTracing Options ed dat txt Notepad x File Edit Search Help MODEL FILE NAMES 08 01 1998 13 25 37 1 Factory Automation system dfas dfd dfas0 dfd dmanrob dfd Xdctrarob dfd smanrob std C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 98 Figure 14 7 Model names report Parameter ProjectModelDatabase Options ed dat txt Notepad X File Edit Search Help UNDEFINED DATA 08 01 1998 13 26 51
2. 4 he Heating 4 4 Reaction Temperature Reached Stop D Heat to Reaction Temperature D Maintain Reaction AE Maintain Reaction Temperature Temperature ACTIONS Maintaining ELSE TRANSITION 3 15 The modeling elements of the state transition diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 23 3 4 2 Transition Transition models changing of system state A transitions happens 1 certain condition 1s true When a transition is made the transition actions will be executed TRANSITIONS TRANSITIONS REPRESENT THE MOVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER TRANSITIONS LOGICALLY TAKE NO TIME MULTIPLE TRANSITIONS TO FROM A GIVEN STATE ARE PERMISSIBLE TRANSITIONS HAVE TWO PARTS CONDITION AND ACTION CONDITIONS TRANSITION CONDITIONS CAUSE THE SYSTEM TO MOVE FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER CONDITIONS MAY INCLUDE EXTERNAL OR INTERNAL CONTROL SIGNALS ABSOLUTE OR RELATIVE DATA VALUES TIME SIGNALS ACTIONS TRANSITION ACTIONS ARE CARRIED OUT BY THE SYSTEM AS IT MOVES FROM ONE STATE TO ANOTHER ACTIONS MAY INCLUDE ISSUING CONTROL SIGNALS SETTING TIMERS ACTIVATING OR DEACTIVATING CONTINUOUS TRANSFORMATIONS TRIGGERING ONE SHOT TRANSFORMATIONS 3 16 Transitions 3 4 2 1 Condition C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 24 A condition presents input data or event flows in the state transiti
3. Body Header Figure 3 25 Defining information in Data Dictionary C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 30 Data Dictionary Definition Data flows can be collected into data dictionary in higher level of the hierarchy and those flows can appear in the desired level of the design hierarchy To keep the model clear detail level data components are hided in the data dictionary in high abstraction level of the model Information hiding Upper lever of the hierarchy Define command in flow menu Data Dictionary definition Customer delivery 4 Maintain 7 Comments between asterisks customer lt delivery Customer Customer invoice N delivery Customer delivery list Lower level of the hierarchy Hierarcical data dictionary definition i Customer invoice Customer Customer number Make Customer address customer invoice Customer address gt s delivery Street address PONG list Zip code g TEC A City Customer Make 8 customer Customer delivery list XS EN Figure 3 26 Hierarchical Data Dictionary definition C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 31 DataEntity comment aliasname component operator component component component operator component DataEn
4. 1 Factory Automation system Alarm Data Assembly Robot Display Information Factory Manual Robot Command Manufacturing Instructions Figure 14 8 Undefined data report Parameter UndefinedData Options ed C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 99 dfas0 dat Notepad OF Xx File Edit Search Help DATA FOR MODULE 0 Manage Factory Inputs Operator Request Process Plan Data Production Data Sensor Data outputs Actuator Command Display Information Process Information Production Statistics Globals ProcessPlan Work Order Locals Alarm Data Manual Robot Command New Plan Request PlanReady Product Done Robot Data Figure 14 9 Module based data report Parameter ModuleBasedData Options dm Outputfile dat C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 14 7 Requirements tracing report User Requirements document id code Requirement descr r203 aaabbbcccc r306 XXXyyyzzzz Requirements tracing report id code r203 SA SD RT modeling element SA SD RT modeling element r306 SA SD RT modeling element User Requirements textual document is created in Requirements definition phase of development cycle Each requirement item has an identification code which can be chapter number or more specific code The identification codes are attached to SA SD RT modeling elements as req properties Requirements traci
5. Inputsignal a Data Transformation Ss ze Input2 Inputsignal _ 417 a 4 3 jaa Activation Control is Event Flow Transf NL Pa E Input1 ud N ae Deactivation Event Flow Trigger 3 No lt T activation Outputi T activation wg 2 M Data Te Data Tr 7 Fo Se 4 Buffer put2 Figure 3 1 Data flow diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 11 7 EE Place control transformation and control specific data flows event flows in this area Mu SE 1 po SN Transf J x IN 02 4 out 2 Ta o l 3 Ys 1 V s om Transf2 cec 2 NOS A 5 t au N 5 FAN Hn poe NE KS ie S 26 3 N i N E Ne SP Y p N 2 Store1 BE Transf3 E D Store2 _ M dv J Out3 X IN gt ee main direction f information flow Place data flows and data stores connecting o gt 1 1 Place data transformations on data transformations in this area S ECCE _this diagonal Author Status Title Date 12 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File dfdplac dfd Time 08 00 29 Figure 3 2 Locating modeling symbols in data flow diagram 3 2 1 Data t
6. Show dialog always Show output file in text editor see Show button before Produce global report for the whole model default Produce report module by module This option requires Prosacdm licence 05 Examples d dm d dm Note Use hyphen in front of parameter and options fields in standard command line 14 4 4 Input model Input model defines the diagram where PMA reporting begins 14 4 5 Output file Output file defines report file 14 4 6 Log file Log file defines optional file where all output appearing in multiline editor is also written 14 4 7 Message window Message window presents information about the progress of the reporting C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 93 14 5 PMA command line syntax You always run PMA tool from Utilities menu command from toolbar from PMA icon or through running Prosacdm The command line parameters can be used to control the operation of the PMA tool You can change the command line parameters by changing the parameters through Utilities page of Prosa configuration dialog or in the case of Prosacdm by changing the command line parameters in Prosacdm command file The PMA tool is executed by the command pma parameter option modelname reportname Command line items correspond to dialog items presented above C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 94 14 6 Analysis report examples dat txt Notepad of x
7. d Status bar Press left button to a context specific Popup menu Press right button to drag or make a selection Figure 8 1 Prosa window C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 60 8 1 1 Command button Prosa sa can be controlled with a single mouse button Command button is the left button by default The second button drag button is optional and can be used if desired The command button is used to activate menus The pull down menus in the menu bar of the Prosa sa window are activated with the command button The context sensitive menus in the diagram or client area are activated with the command button When a command has been selected the same button can be used to bring the selected function or operation to the successful end 8 1 2 Drag button Drag button is the right button by default The use of drag button is optional With drag button you can attach to symbols and texts and change their position Drag button can be used to initiate a selection of a diagram area for copy or deletion these operations can be done also with command button through menus Thus the drag button is available for activating certain default functions without a menu selection 8 1 3 Command drag button programming You can swap the button definitions through Config selection in the Design menu Select the User Interface page in the configuration dialog C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE In
8. E Alldiagrams d 7 Figure7 4 Changing working directory C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 44 7 2 Setting up a multi designer project Prosa sa supports project teams Prosa sa supports both centralised and distributed model database architectures in multi designer projects Designeri Designer2 Designer3 Fileserver Figure7 5 Centralised multi designer model database Designeri Designer2 n Figure7 6 Distributed multi designer model database Setting up a multi designer project occurs in the same way as presented in Chapter 7 1 except that all folders belonging to the project must be listed in the Prosa Model Read Paths of every designer Project members can use common Prosa configuration settings by defining environment variable to point to the same configuration file on the operating system level C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 45 7 3 Personal and global Prosa configurations Prosa sa stores and maintains all such information that is entered through Prosa Configuration Dialog Design Config in Prosa configuration file The active configuration is told to Prosa sa through environment variable PROSACFG Figure 7 7 presents the default setting of Prosa environment variables PROSADIR environment variable points to folder which contains Prosa executable files PROSAAUTH environment variable points to f
9. Input Valve THIS SIGNAL GIVES A COMMAND h THIS SIGNAL ENABLES AND DISABLES THE EXECUTION OF A TRANSFORMATION THIS SIGNAL ACTIVATES A SEQUENTIAL EXECUTION OF A TRANSFORMATION ACTIVATION AND DEACTIVATION EVENT FLOW 5 TRANSFORMATIONS DEACTIVATION DEACTIVATES TRANSFORMATIONS Figure 3 6 Event flow 3 2 5 Data store Data store is a repository for data The scoping rules of the data store in SA SD model are such that when a certain data has been once specified to be a data store in the model it must appear as a data store also in all lower hierarchy levels Data store is passed to lower hierarchy levels by connecting it with the corresponding data transformation Data store may contain a single data element or it may be a bundle or structure of several data components For defining components of a data store see Section Data Dictionary In SA SD model it is allowed to use also data store components Then you must name the corresponding data flow with the store C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 16 component name Data stores should be named according to the data contents not according to the data structure DATA STORE DATA STORE ACTS AS A REPOSITORY FOR DATA DATA VALUES OF THE STORE ARE MODIFIED AT DISCRETE POINTS IN TIME AND REMEMBERED OVER THE INTERVENING TIME INTERVALS Object p Position V Record gt Pr
10. SA M USE Intensive course 70 8 4 6 Hierarchical data flow diagram design Open diagram dgateO dfd Make Push into Make Report data transformation Give name dmreport dfd to the child file Create the diagram shown below for the functional refinement of Make Report data transformation E D x 1 7 X Determine 1 Repframe Asked Jo RS Report Data ET done N mss ges uu gt 4 72 E QUE N Build Gaterep 7777 79 EN Report Ee p Parameters Es uu 4 3 Send n passing Report ata NL ae Figure 8 8 Data flow diagram 1 level C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 71 8 4 7 Minispecification design 1 Minispecification design will be done once we have learned data dictionary and data modeling 2 Open the diagram dmreport dfd 3 Point the flow Hepframe select Define and type definition repfrtype 4 Point the flow Gaterep select Define and type definition gatereptype 5 Make Push into Build Report data transformation Give name cbreport c for the child file 7 Let Prosa create new minispecification file and show the minispecification header in your text editor Notepad CBREPORT C File Edit Search Help void Build Report Repfrtype Repframe Paramtype Parameters Passingtype Gate passing data Gatereptype Gaterep m Figure 8 9 Automatically generat
11. as inputs and it produces event flows and discrete data flows as outputs Control transformation presents in the behavioural model the integration between data flow diagrams and state transition diagrams A good default naming of control transformation is to put verb Control at the beginning of the model name where the control transformation appears Control transformation is numbered similarly as data transformations C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 14 CONTROL TRANSFORMATION A CONTROL TRANSFORMATION ACCEPTS EVENT AND DISCRETE DATA FLOWS AS INPUTS AND PRODUCES EVENT AND DISCRETE DATA FLOWS AS OUTPUTS Train Approaching Close gate Crossing er Control Crossing Signal Train Leaving SS Crossing Light control Figure 3 5 Control transformation 3 2 4 Event flows Event flows transfer messages between SA SD RT modeling objects Event flow may contain a single message or it may be a bundle or structure of several message components Message components can be defined in Data Dictionary For defining message components see Section Data Dictionary SA SD RT method has three event flow types 1 Signal 2 Activation and 3 Deactivation C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 15 EVENT FLOWS EVENT FLOWS PROVIDE ONLY ONE BIT OF INFORMATION EITHER SOMETHING IS HAPPENING OR IT ISN T OR THEY GIVE A COMMAND SIGNAL Open
12. data element or it may be a packaged bundle flow or a structure of several data components The abstraction level data flows and corresponding data flow diagram should be in balance i e you should not introduce such detailed data flows into the model which are not needed on that detail level yet in the model Instead you should use information packaging and hide the details in Data Dictionary For defining complex data structures see Section Data Dictionary SA SD RT method has three data flow types 1 Discrete data flow 2 Bidirectional discrete data flow and 3 Continuous data flow C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 13 Data flows should be named according to the data contents not according to the data structure DATA FLOWS DATA FLOWS PROVIDE INFORMATION ABOUT LEVELS OR VALUES IN ADDITION TO SIGNALLING THAT SOMETHING IS HAPPENING DISCRETE DATA FLOW AND BIRECTIONAL DISCRETE DATA FLOW Flight Plan HAS SIGNIFICANT VALUE AT ISOLATED Message POINTS IN TIME TIME DISCRETE E T d CONTINUOUS DATA FLOW Temperature HAS SIGNIFICANT VALUE AT EVERY A h oin IN TIME TIME CONTINUOUS Figure 3 4 Data flow types 3 2 3 Control transformation Control transformation models the control part the sequencing of the data flow diagram Control transformation models data transformation activations deactivations Control transformation accepts event flows and discrete data flows
13. left corner of the imaginary rectangle mm 10 11 which wholly encloses data transformation Manage Gate Control and terminators Host Computer and Ticket Reader Click the button Move mouse to the lower right corner of that rectangle Press and hold button down Select Copy from the Set submenu Prosa copies the contents of the set to Cut amp Paste buffer Open another Prosa window with Prosa selection from Utilities menu of Prosa window In the new Prosa window select Paste from the Model menu of Prosa window Place the set to the desired position Close the Prosa window C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 103 15 2 Comment text 1 Select Comment from the Design menu of Prosa window 2 Type comment text 3 lines 3 Place the comment and click 4 Attach the comment by pointing to the beginning and clicking 5 Edit the comment text 6 Place the comment and click 7 New comments are added with Comment selection and existing comments are edited by attaching to the beginning of the string and doing the editing 15 3 Panning and zooming 15 3 1 Panning 1 Experience the standard panning with scrollbars 2 Next simultaneous panning in two dimensions is taught 3 Select Screen from the workspace menu The inner rectangle called pan zoom rectangle in the centre of Prosa window shows the area which currently is displayed in Prosa window 4 Point to the centr
14. normal operation when a person presents a valid ticket the gate lights green lamp for 5 seconds and opens the gate If an expired ticket is read the red lamp is lighted for 10 seconds and the gate remains closed If the same ticket is presented within 5 minutes from the previous passing the red lamp is lighted for 10 seconds and the gate remains closed Immediately when a person has passed the gate the system will lock the gate again C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 8 Ticket Person gate D gue x aD control s See 0 252 we Veo Manage Gate Control M CN Display 77 N data Report A D 2 N v Host Host command Display computer Author Status Title 1 Gate Control System Date 11 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File dgate dfd Time 16 51 49 2 5 Gate Control context diagram Gate Control System Event list 1 Valid ticket read Open gate Light green for 5 seconds 2 Expired ticked read Light red for 10 seconds 3 Valid ticked that passed gate within 5 minutes Light red for 10 seconds 4 Person passed the gate Lock the gate 5 Operate Stop or Status report command received from host computer 2 6 Gate Control System event list C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 9 3 BEHAVIOURAL MODEL 3 1 Description of the behavioural model The behaviour
15. 10 1 Creating entity relationship diagrams 1 Select New from the Model menu of Prosa window Save the current diagram 2 Select ERD from the Type menu of Prosa window 3 Create the erd diagram show below and enter definition for the entity Gate passing data If data models are designed data entities must be defined in data model The definitions are automatically inherited to behavioural model 4 Save the diagram with the name egate erd egate erd Prosa OF x Model Type Sheet Design Utilities Help psala REIR IAN Ej Copyright Insoft PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 77 Figure 10 1 Entity relationship diagram Prosa Data Dictionary E dit CE x File Edit Search Options Gate Passing alal 8 Passingtype Passingtype Ticketid Ticketid int Time ttype Figure 10 2 Entity definition 10 2 Integrating data model and context diagram Select Previous from the workspace menu Pick the model dgate dfd from Files listbox of Open dialog Save the current diagram egate erd Prosa enters dgate dfd Save dgate dfd 4 Select Property from the Sheet menu of Prosa window Notice the data model integration property syspddo system property data dictionary origin which points to egate erd data model Close the Property window 5 Make Push to enter in child dfd from dgate dfd 6 Select Define from the menu of data store Gate passing
16. 1995 Project Appr Vers File subsys dfd Time 09 12 21 Figure 3 12 System and subsystem modeling Data bases can be arranged according to projects designers subsystems and reusable library objects The protection of the model is realized in the diagram level and data dictionary protection is automatically consistent with the model protection C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 20 Project manager dir mt A path mt mta mtb lib1 lib2 Product 1 Designer 2 Ed dir mtb Sub Sub mread path mtb mtb modb1 system A system mtb modb2 mt V path lib1 lib2 N v t em AXS LER x CN ModA1 ModA2 ModB1 ModB2 Designer N A P 7 dr mtb mo db1 mtb modb2 X K N Library 1 Library 2 RR P libi N 75 PA Nib2 Access rights Product SubA SubB Lib1 Lib2 Project manager RWD R R R R Designer 1 R RWD R R Designer 2 R RWD R R Library manager RWD RWD Author Status Title Date 18 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File Mldbases dfd Time 09 10 35 Figure 3 13 System and subsystem modeling 3 4 State transition diagram State transition diagram models the control part of the data flow diagram State transition diagram consists of states and transitions A state models externally observable behaviour of a data f
17. 5 PROSADIR prosacdm bat Run Concurrt Prosac cc m c Run C Code Generator Prosasql prosasql iso9075 Run SQL Code Generator Run Command Run application Chdir cd Change working folder directory Data pma DataDictionary e dat txt Generate data dict Ref pma CrossReference ref txt Generate cross refi Mini pma MiniSpecification 5 mini txt Generate minis Req pma UserRequirementsTracing e req txt Genera VBal notepad bal txt View balance report VError notepad PROSADIR p txt View balance situatio Notes notepad Sproject Edit project notes document Prosa prosa Open a new Prosa window OK Apply Figure 7 12 Utilities page 7 4 4 1 Utilities Menu programming The Utilities menu of Prosa window can be programmed by the user through Utilities configuration page Each entry in Utilities menu definition consists of menu item name corresponding command and optional status bar help text all in a single line The character in the command section is used as a placeholder for the model name currently in Prosa window C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 55 7 4 4 2 Utilities Menu example Prosac prosacpp cc m c Run C Code Generator Prosac Menu item prosacpp cc m Command and command options Placeholder for the model name Output file definition Run C Code Generator Statusbar Help text 7 4 5 Use
18. Appl points to event list dgate elt The automatically created Push property syspfdn points to child al dgateO dfd Y m po O x syspfdn N d PES S T dgate0 dfd Lb 2 27 syspfdn 4 y JE dmreport dfd gt egate erd event list sgate0 std cbreport c minispecif Figure 11 1 Diagram integration in Prosa Environment C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 82 12 BALANCE CHECKING IN BATCH MODE Prosa checks the consistency between diagrams interactively during design The consistency or balancing of the whole hierarchy of models can also be checked with a single command 1 Open the context diagram dgate dfd 2 Select Balance from Design menu of Prosa window Click OK to accept balance report name Point the data transformation to start balancing Answer No to Save diagrams during check question Yes would instruct Prosa to write error indications also in diagrams as they are shown in interactive checking Prosa checks all diagrams and minispecifications in the model hierarchy and shows the result report in your text editor 13 PRINTING DIAGRAMS 13 1 Standard printing 1 Open the context diagram dgate dfd 2 Select Print from Model menu of Prosa window Prosa prints the diagram with default print sett
19. Chen s ERD notation can be selected 7 4 1 4 Date Format Defines format for automatically maintained date stamp in the title block of a diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 50 7 4 2 Path page of Prosa Configuration prosa cfg Prosa Configuration 21 x Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface Styles Model Read Paths dirldiri A PROSADIR dfas PROSADIRA dmta Browse S PROSADIR AddmsY rum Read Paths dirldirl S PROSADIR MibY Browse notepad notepad mst elt c cpp Delete winword doc Delete Delete Add Cut and Paste File S PROSADIR Wprosetpb Save Period min Text Interface File S PROSADIR Ip txt OK Cancel Apply Figure7 10 Path page PROSADIR is a placeholder for the value of PROSADIR environment variable 7 4 2 1 Model Read Paths The path list defines all directories which are searched when Prosa opens or saves a diagram With model read path you can set up your project environment and allocate effectively your project between subsystems and or designers in team environment C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 51 7 4 2 2 Library Read Paths The path list defines all directories which are searched when you open a library component through OpenL selection of the Model menu 7 4 2 3 Supporting Tools The list def
20. DELING GENERATOR GENERATOR DOCUMENT EDITOR MANAGER PROSA MODELING EDITOR IS CONFIGURED TO UML OMT OR SA SD RT MODE THROUGH PROSA CONFIGURATION DIALOG IN DESIGN gt gt CONFIG gt gt METHOD PAGE PROSA MODELING EDITOR INCLUDES PRINTING TOOL AND PMA PROSA MODEL ANALYZER TOOL FOR REPORTING PROSACPP PROSASQL AND PROSACDM DETECT AUTOMATICALLY THE METHOD AND PRODUCE OUTPUT ACCORDINGLY Figure 6 1 Prosa Case Environment C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 39 7 SETTING UP PROJECT CONFIGURING PROSA 7 1 Setting up a project Prosa sa model consists of a set of diagrams Prosa sa links the diagrams together to form an integrated model Each diagram is a separate document or file in project folder s The following presents the steps of setting up a project Create project folder Start Prosa sa 3 Add the name of the project folder to Model Read Paths of Prosa sa through Path page of the Prosa sa Configuration dialog Configuration dialog opens by selecting Config item from the Design menu 4 If you intend to reuse existing model libraries add the location of your libraries to Library Read Paths in the same dialog At the beginning of each modeling session you must change the working directory to your project folder through Chdir item in the Utilities menu In Windows environment you can change the working directory of Prosa permanently Click on Prosa ic
21. File Edit Search Help DATA DICTIONARY REPORT 08 01 1998 13 09 05 1 Factory Automation System Actuator Command s msg Alarm Data Assembly Robot Display Information Factory Job PartiId Qty Manual Robot Command Manufacturing Instructions Figure 14 3 Data dictionary report Parameter DataDictionary Options ed C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 95 Notepad iof x File Edit Search Help CROSS REFERENCE REPORT 08 01 1998 13 13 20 1 Factory Automation System Actuator Command dda def 1 Factory Automation System Adfas dfd ref 0 Manage Factory Adf as0 dfd 3 Manage Production Robots Xdmanrob dfd 3 3 Manage Assembly Robot Adctrarob dfd Alarm Data dda def 0 Manage Factory Adfas0 dfd ref 3 Manage Production Robots Admanrob dfd Assembly Robot ent def Factory Automation System Data Model Aefas erd ref Display Information dda def 1 Factory Automation System Adfas dfd ref 0 Manage Factory Adfas0 dfd Factory ent def Factory Automation System Data Model efas erd ref Job def Factory Automation System Data Model ref Manual Robot Command dda E n Figure 14 4 Cross reference report Parameter CrossReference Options ed C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 96 dat txt Notepad File Edit Search Help MINISPECIFICATION REPORT 08 01 1998 13 15 16 1 Factory Automation system
22. HEIR OWN DIRECTORY IES LOWER LEVELS ARE MODELED AS A NUMBER OF SUBMODELS IN THEIR OWN DIRECTORIES PROTECTION IS REALIZED IN A DIRECTORY LEVEL OR INA DIAGRAM LEVEL PROJECT SPECIFIC CONFIGURATION FILE PROSA CFG IS USED TO LIST ALL POSSIBLE SEARCH PATHS FOR THE DIAGRAMS PROSA S SEARCH PATH ALLOWS A DISTRIBUTED MODEL DATA BASE WHERE INDIVIDUAL DIAGRAMS MAY LOCATE ANYWHERE IN THE NETWORK Figure 16 1 Principle of modeling project arrangement 17 REFERENCES C Copyright Insoft Oy Prsa97 Prsau97 Prc97 Prsql97 SAtr97 SDtr97 Ch76 De79 Wa86 PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 107 Prosa sa Structured Analysis and Design Environment Getting Started Insoft Oy 1997 Prosa sa Structured Analysis and Design Environment User s Manual Insoft Oy 1998 Prosacpp C C Generator User s Manual Insoft Oy 1997 Prosasql SQL Generator User s Manual Insoft Oy 1997 Specifying Systems and Applications with SA SD RT method Training Manual Insoft Oy 1997 Designing and implementing Software with SA SD RT method Training Manual Insoft Oy 1997 Chen Peter The Entity Relationship Model Toward a Unified View of Data ACM Transactions on Database Systems Vol 1 No 1 March 1976 DeMarco Tom Structured Analysis and System Specification Prentice Hall Inc New Jersey 1979 Ward Paul Mellor Stephen Structured Development for Real Time Systems Volume 1 Introduction a
23. INTENSIVE COURSE ON SA SD RT METHOD AND PROSA SA CASE TOOL TRAINING COURSE PROSA SA M USE C Copyright Insoft April 1998 rights reserved Insoft Oy P O BOX 9 FIN 90101 Oulu FINLAND Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent commitment on the part of Insoft Oy The software which includes information in any database described in this document is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement It is against the law to copy the software except as specifically allowed in the license or nondisclosure agreement No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording for any purpose without written permission from Insoft Oy Insoft Prosa Prosa om Prosa sa Prosacpp Prosac Prosasql and Prosacdm are trademarks of Insoft Oy other brands product names and company names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders C Copyright Insoft Oy 1986 1998 AII rights reserved Document Number IPa10422003 98 PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 1 INTENSIVE COURSE ON SA SD RT METHOD AND PROSA SA CASE TOOL 1 Structured Analysis and Design SA SD RT method In SA SD RT the application system is modeled with three models completing each others T
24. Index selection allows different entry levels to Help system The inside the graphic box indicates that more detailed level of information is available by clicking the mouse 3 Close the Help window 4 Getting Started selection leads you to study small application examples See the contents of boxes by clicking inside the box 5 Close the Help window 6 SA SD Method selection teaches the principle of the method See the contents of boxes by clicking inside the box 7 Close the Help window 8 Using Prosa sa selection teaches the principle of Prosa s user interface 9 Close the Help window C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 106 16 PROJECT WORKING ENVIRONMENT Figure 16 1 shows one alternative to set up project working environment in a networked environment The arrangement is based on standard file system and is applicable in many network systems in standard configurations Commercial configuration management and version control environments can be utilised where Prosa models are managed as standard text documents Prosa s programmable Utilities menu can have needed insert retrieve for edit retrieve for view etc selections to automate the diagram accessing Project System Submodel1 Submodel2 SubmodelN models dir dir dir dir HIGHER LEVEL DIAGRAMS FORM SYSTEM MODEL AND LOCATE IN T
25. OSA SA M USE Intensive course 28 DFD PPS Au 2200 i d 2 es Number N Update pastatus display N AN _ Y N Minispecification 2 Minispecification is created automatically int UpdateDisplay int Number whenever you give filename extension c in Push command Prosa sa checks the consistency between graphical model and minispecification and integrates data transformation and minispecification together Mhead property controls minispecification header generation Figure 3 24 Minispecification in C syntax C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 29 3 7 Data Dictionary Data flows event flows data stores and buffers appearing in data flow diagrams can be further defined in the Data Dictionary By using Data Dictionary you can effectively package information in your models Always when a new modeling element is taken into SA SD model the element name will be put into the Data Dictionary DATA DICTIONARY SUPPORT DEFINE FUNCTION Upper level By define function the composition of Invoice Invoice MIC UEM is defined Data Dictionary Edit Invoice Header Body Header Lower level Data dictionary entry can be viewed in the lower level and visit function can be selected from Options menu to Header N gt visit the owner of the entry N Data Dictionary Options Invoice View Header
26. Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 47 dfas dfd Prosa i CE x Model Type Sheet Utilities Help oema Balance Set Comment Grid Zoom System Return Config Operator E Reque Display Information Actuator Command Production Data Manage Factory erates PA atistics ensor Data re SS SS ae Activate Prosa configuration dialog Figure 7 8 Opening Prosa sa configuration dialog C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 48 7 4 1 Method page of Prosa Configuration Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface Styles Path c Prosa prosa cfg Modeling Method C OMT SAISDIRT ERD Notation Bachman Chen Date Format DD MM YYYY M OK Cancel Apply Figure 7 9 Method page 7 4 1 1 Modeling Method SA SD RT selects Structured Analysis and Design for Real Time systems method UML selects Unified Modeling Language method OMT selects Use Case OMT Object Modeling Technique method C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 49 7 4 1 2 Name Prefixes Defines default prefixes for class and instance names in OMT mode Prefixes are applied when Prosa automatically maps between object and class names in Pick operation between UCD OMD or OID OMD or DFD OMD 7 4 1 3 ERD Notation In SA SD RT modeling mode either Bachman s or
27. Push and notice how Prosa brings new input flows in the upper left corner and output flows in the upper right corner of the sheet 8 4 3 Adding control to data flow diagram Host command Scd Status report w A N on d Operate 1 47 6 n E PEE Hour pow Stop 2 A X Command SS Gea contiol SS nl 7 D ee Gate ae E S p SUED X Pa Gate Ticket lt control data Gate Equipment Person Aa N 7 Display Report passed 2 ED done gate user y o x N y N NP Parameters Gate passing _y Report Zoo data rr Report o o Figure 8 6 Data flow diagram with control 1 Select Control Tr from workspace menu 2 Place control transformation as shown 3 Make connections indicated above C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 68 8 4 4 State transition diagram 1 Select Push from the control transformation menu of the previous child data flow diagram 2 Give the name sgate0 std for std model file Save the data flow diagram Notice that Prosa has changed the workspace menu to state transition diagram menu E Interpret Host Command Waiting for host data Operate E Manage Gate Equipment Stop D Manage Gate Equipment y Managing gate Status report Report done E Mak
28. RY Data is defined in the module diagram where it is first used in a model hierarchy If data modeling is used data must be defined in data model entity relationship diagrams Data can be viewed anywhere where it is referenced Data is inherited automatically from higher levels to lower levels and from entity relationship diagrams to data flow diagrams Prosa Data Dictionary CE x File Edit Search Options Host Command 1 Defines command message from the central computer of the skiing resort CmdCode CmdData CmdCode Operate Stop MReport 1 Operate 1 Stop 2 MReport 3 CmdData char Figure 9 1 Data dictionary window Open the diagram dgate dfd Select Define from the menu of Host Command flow Enter the data dictionary definition as shown Close the data dictionary window Make Push into child data flow diagram D a I Select Define from the menu of Host Command flow C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 75 7 Notice that data dictionary window is now in View mode 8 Select Visit from the Options menu of data dictionary window 9 Prosa reads the diagram dgate dfd where Host Command has been defined and the definition can be edited 10 Select Return from the Design menu of Prosa window Prosa brings you back to the diagram where visit was made C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 76 10 DATA MODELING
29. Type property name elist Enter tab to separate name and value field Type property value dgate elt The character states that the value is file name Select Visit from Options menu Your text editor is started and you can type the event list Type some events in the event list Close the text editor ab on P dia C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 64 Notepad DGATE ELT ae File Edit Search Help Valid ticket read Open gate x Light green for 5 seconds Expired ticked read x Light red for 18 seconds Ualid ticked that passed gate within 5 minutes Light red for 18 seconds Person passed the gate Lock the gate perate Stop or Status report command received from host computer Figure 8 4 Event list C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 65 8 4 Behavioural model 8 4 1 Data flow diagram 1 Point data transformation of the context diagram and select Push 2 Give name dgateO dfd for the child data flow diagram 3 Save the context diagram when Prosa asks Save Nosave 4 Create the child diagram shown below Host command 3 5 Interpret Host Command N BS c G gt Ticket data Gate gt _ Equipment ee Person jt Display passed EN nd data gate 4 A 3 E N p d Ne Make Parameters Gate passing Report
30. al model presents the functionality and control of the application The functionality and the information flow in the application is presented by hierarchically refined data flow diagrams The hierarchical data flow diagrams present the hierarchical decomposition of the application into functional subunits Textual minispecifications are used on the lowest hierarchy level to describe the primitive processes State transition diagrams present the control part and timing of the application 3 2 Data flow diagram Data flow diagrams model the functionality of the application Data transformations present functions or hierarchically decomposed functions in dfd s Data flows model the information flow between functions Event flows model messages Data or event flows starting or ending in the diagram area are interpreted to be external flows originating from the previous hierarchy levels SA SD RT method supports several data flow and event flow types Data stores and data buffers model information repositories in the model Control transformation presents the control part of the data flow diagram Data flows event flows and data stores can be further defined in the Data Dictionary Data flow diagram names are always inherited from corresponding transformation name on the previous hierarchy level C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 10 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM DESIGN Input1 7 E A Output1
31. ams Host command Status report XL 04 Operate Interpret pe Mob XE en EE Host I Stop a Command 2 Control P Gate 7 B E n X 2 EDU A Ticket 2 N Gate 7 control N data ED Gate Equipment Person Display Report passed data E D done gate Y P X x Make Parameters Gate passing zi Report EN data YN Report Ex xs NS p Author Status Title 0 Manage Gate Control Date 12 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File dgateO dfd Time 09 54 26 3 19 Adding control transformation E Interpret Host Command Waiting for host data ds Gate Equi t Stop D Manage Gate Equipment y Managing gate Status report Report done E Make Report D Make Report y Making status report Stop D Make Report D Manage Gate Equipment Author Status Title 4 Control Manage Gate Date 09 10 1994 Project Appr Vers File Nsgate0 std Time 17 00 29 3 20 Control Manage Gate state transition diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 3 5 Data flow diagram with implicit control DFD with implicit control The standard way of presenting sequencing is the state transition diagram In addition to state transition based sequ
32. analysis report types The programming of new analysis report types has been presented in Prosa sa User s Manual Appendix D Programming PMA Tool 14 1 Making analysis reports PMA tool can be started from Utilities menu Data Ref Mini and Req items from PMA icon in Prosa folder or from PMA button in Prosa sa toolbar dfas dfd Prosa OY x Model Type Sheet Design Utilities Help pelala P Process Information Process E lan Data Display Information Actuator Command Production Data Manage Factory poen So S atistics ensor o radictian Mimle mamal Press left button to activate a context specific Popup menu Press right button to drag or make a selection Figure14 1 Running PMA from Toolbar icon C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 90 Prosa Model Analyzer AES File OK Parameter Options Input model dfas dfd Browse Output file dat txt lt Show Log file Command fd Prosa model analyzer Version 4 20 Copyright 1987 97 Inj Figure14 2 Prosa Model Analyzer dialog 14 2 PMA dialog menus File menu contains Exit command which closes the dialog Edit menu contains Cut Copy and Paste command for text editing in multiline text editor of PMA dialog 14 3 PMA dialog buttons OK button starts report gen
33. ation ENS normal inverse super sub associative Example Channel Daily report report Figure 4 2 Chen s ER diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 35 4 2 Integration of ERD s and DFD s delivery dfd Property window for the context diagram Operator a o Ne Property name Property value Manage syspddo ordman erd delivery C ordpro dfd 4 w Goods Order Prepare Goods x na d ee 5 I Xo Product Supplier ordman erd Supplier gt M Supplies Product Figure 4 3 Integration of information and behavioural models C Copyright Insoft Oy 4 3 Example information model PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 36 Gate passing data Parameters P used Report in T Statistics Error report report Author Status Title Skilift gate control system Date 10 10 1994 Project Appr Vers File egate erd Time 07 16 14 Figure 4 4 Skilift gate control system information model C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 37 5 NAMING INSTRUCTIONS 5 1 Model and model file naming Use descriptive model names In hierarchical behavioural model the ch
34. d E Man n Orders nary Bey legen Information Model Y gius Sales a Customer o gt Order Minispecification Manage Sales For pending customer Item orders make delivery Author Insoft Oy Status Title Three projections in Structured Analysis Date 21 04 1998 Project Appr Vers File safig dfd Time 15 29 43 Figure 1 1 Three projections in SA SD RT method C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 3 2 ENVIRONMENT MODEL 2 1 Description of the environment model The purpose of the environment model is to define exactly the boundary between the application and its external environment The environment model is presented with two integrated documents 1 context diagram and 2 event list CONTEXT DIAGRAM EVENT LIST APPLICATION Terminator N Terminator a 1 EXTERNAL EVEN X DESCRIPTION OF RESPONSE TO EVENT1 2 EXTERNAL EVENT 2 APPLICATION DESCRIPTION OF RESPONSE EVENT2 Figure 2 1 Environment model 2 2 Context diagram The whole application is modeled in context diagram with a single data transformation The context diagram is named with the system or application name and context diagram is numbered with number The environment of the application is modeled with terminators The interaction between the application and its environment is modeled with flows Figure 2 2 presents the mod
35. data C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 78 7 Notice that data dictionary window is in View mode Select Visit from the Options menu of dd window Prosa takes you to egate erd where Gate passing data can be edited 8 Select Return from the Design menu of Prosa window Prosa brings you back to dgate0 dfd where visit originated Prosa Properties Ioj x File Edit Search Options Gate System il 1 Property name Property value 1 Gate System dgate dfd 20 04 1998 16 01 06 egate erd Figure 10 3 Sheet property syspddo of the context diagram points to data model C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 79 10 3 Integration of multipage data models and context diagram Previous Next syspddo egate1 erd syspddo dgate dfd egate2 erd N E ds dgate dfd egate1 erd syspddo egate1 erd nil egate2 erd MENU SELECTION NEXT IN ERD DIAGRAMMING LINKS MULTIPAGE ERD DIAGRAMS TOGETHER NEXT AND PREVIOUS SELECTIONS IN ERD DIAGRAMMING ARE USED TO TRAVERSE BETWEEN ERD S PREVIOUS SELECTION IN FIRST ERD DIAGRAM emtat1 erd IS USED TO LINK THE WHOLE DATA MODEL TO APPLICATION CONTEXT DIAGRAM Figure 10 3 Multipage erd diagrams C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 80 11 SUMMARY DIAGRAM INTEGRATION F
36. data AUT Report 27 ra ee Figure 8 5 Data flow diagram 5 Place and name the data transformations first 6 Flow stubs can be moved with Move selection from flow menu C Copyright Insoft Oy 10 PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 66 Input flows are connected by attaching with Modify command to the arrowhead of the flow and terminating the flow to destination Output flows are connected by attaching with Modify command to the start point of the flow and routing it to source Finish the diagram shown above Train the termination of the flow to diagram area Attach to the arrowhead of Report flow with modify command move mouse press and hold button down Flow termination submenu appears select Finish to terminate the flow to diagram area 8 4 2 Consistency checking between data flow diagrams 1 2 Edit the flow Host Command to xHost Command Select Pop from workspace menu to pop up to context diagram Respond Save to Save Nosave query Select Push from data transformation menu to push back into child data flow diagram Prosa indicates an error in unmatched child flow xHost Command Error is indicated by showing the name with special color error color be configured through presentation styles C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 67 Fix the error by removing Perform Pop and add extra flow in the context diagram 7 Perform
37. e Report D Make Report Y Making status report Stop D Make Report D Manage Gate Equipment Figure 8 7 State transition diagram Place and name states Draw initial transition Point transition and Select Pick a Pick action from transition menu First group of items in Pick Box shows available conditions Second group shows available actions C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 69 Third group shows local variables declared in std if any 8 Pick and place action for initial transition 9 Route all transitions and place conditions actions with Pick c Pick a selections in transition menu Be careful to open the transition menu above that transition where you want to add condition action to maintain the logical relation between text and transition arrow 8 4 5 Consistency checking between dfd and std 1 Open diagram sgated std 2 Edit condition Operate to xOperate 3 Add extra action E Process1 Select Action from transition menu Point to the new token click button and type the action name 4 Select Pop from workspace menu to Pop to dfd Save the std 5 Select Push from control transformation menu 6 Notice the indication of unmatched condition and action 7 Select Pick c from transition menu Notice the M character in front of Operate condition item in the Pick Box M denotes missing item C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA
38. e of the pan zoom rectangle press hold the button down and while holding the button down drag the mouse to move the rectangle to different position C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 104 Release the button Exit the Screen function by pointing outside the lower right corner of the pan zoom rectangle Notice the change of area displayed now in Prosa window 15 3 2 Zooming 1 Select Screen from the workspace menu The inner rectangle called pan zoom rectangle in the centre of Prosa window shows the area which currently is displayed in Prosa window rectangle is not in the centre of diagram move it as described above Point to the upper right corner of the pan zoom rectangle press and hold the button down and while holding the button down drag the mouse to resize the rectangle Release the button Exit the Screen function by pointing outside the lower right corner of the pan zoom rectangle Notice the change of zoom level in Prosa window Repeat steps 1 3 While changing the size of pan zoom rectangle notice how the border of the rectangle is drawn Solid line indicates the zoom levels where ratio of graphics and text is correct C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 105 Thick solid line indicates the default zoom level which is recommended for all design work 15 4 Help facility 1 Experience with Help menu 2 Help
39. ed minispecification header C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 72 8 4 8 Consistency checking between dfd and minispecification 1 Change the type Repfrtype to xrepfrtype in minispecification file cbreport c 2 Save and close minispecification 3 Make Push into Build Report Prosa shows in Advice Window that there are balancing errors in the minispecification 4 Select Verror from Utilities menu of Prosa window Prosa shows the reason for imbalance in your text editor The error log is written in text interface file p txt 5 Fix the error minispecification and close the text editor C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 73 tif text interface file Parent Se uu E m S gt Child Push gt 424 LA E B _ dmreport dfd 3 cbreport c minispecif DURING MINISPECIFICATION PUSH PROSA CHECKS THE CONSISTENCY BETWEEN THE HEADER GENERATED FROM DATA FLOW DIAGRAM AND THE HEADER FOUND FROM MINISPECIFICATION FILE THE HEADERS AND POSSIBLE ERROR LOG ARE WRITTEN TO TEXT INTERFACE FILE TIF THE TIF FILENAME IS DEFINED IN PATH SECTION OF PROSA CFG FILE THE TIF FILE CAN BE VIEWED WITH VERROR VTIF SELECTION OF UTILITIES MENU Figure 8 10 Error reporting arrangement during minispecification Push C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 74 9 DATA DICTIONA
40. eling primitives of the context diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 4 Train Track w4 Train Locations Train Manage Controls Train Traffic f Switch gt Controls Switch TERMINATOR MARKS THE EDGE OF THE SYSTEM TERMINATORS ARE ALLOWED TO APPEAR ONLY IN THE CONTEXT DIAGRAM DATA TRANSFORMATION MODELS THE WHOLE APPLICATION IN THE CONTEXT DIAGRAM DATA FLOWS MODEL THE INFORMATION EXCHANGE AND MESSAGING BETWEEN SYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENT Figure 2 2 Environment model modeling primitives 2 2 1 Transformation The data transformation of the context diagram models the whole application The transformation of the context diagram has number 0 and the name of the transformation is presented in imperative mode Verb Noun The first letter of every word is a capital letter 2 2 2 Terminator The terminators of the context diagram mark the edge of the system The terminators model the environment boundary In practice terminators are objects like User Motor Manager Terminators may also present subsystems of the current system Use understandable reusable terminator names like User Sensor Avoid terminator names like 16 bit A D converter CRT display 102 key keyboard C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 5 When selecting terminators it is very important to use general purpose concepts in termi
41. encing sequencing of a model is derived automatically from the data flow diagram In data flow based sequencing control transformation and state transition diagram are not needed The user attaches a Trigger or Enable activation to data transformations The execution order is determined from the topology of the diagram SA SD Model TU int 2 aN out EV BY Close Aa Title Data Flow Diagram C Implementation int DataFlowDiagram int in1 char 2 char out int ret ret Do in1 in2 amp out Close out return ret Figure 3 21 DFD with implicit control n 5 TransfA Sw Store1 Em DFD Sequencing Execution order TransfA In amp Store1 TransfB amp Store1 TransfC Store1 amp Store2 TransfD Store2 Out TransfC A D EN Store2 TranfsD out E Figure 3 22 sequencing 3 6 Minispecification 26 C Copyright Insoft PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 27 PA Frame Packet 2 b Check Receive X Errors Received Frame 1 2 Check Receive Errors Inputs Frame Packet Outputs Received Frame User minispecification MINISPECIFICATIONS ARE DESIGNED FOR DATA TRANSFORMATIONS ON THE LOWEST HIERARCHY LEVEL THE FORMAT OF MINI SPECIFICATIONS CAN BE FREE TEXTUAL FORMAT OR PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE Figure 3 23 Minispecification C Copyright Insoft Oy PR
42. ented with entity relationship diagrams In entity relationship diagramming Chen s and Bachman s notations are supported In information models the application data entities and their relationships are modelled Information models and behavioural models integrate with each others data which is defined in information model is created and maintained in behavioural models Although information models are commonly understood to be a part of information systems analysis and design they can be used in all kinds of applications ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM DESIGN Goods Order rms Prepare V Goods Order 2 ANG eT eared eee Supplier Product 5 Supplier gt M supplies gt Product Figure 4 1 Using information modeling C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 34 4 1 1 Entity The entities of the entity relationship diagram model information concepts of the application Entities may have one or several instances in the data flow diagrams as data stores data buffers or data flows The characteristics of each entity can be defined in the data dictionary similarly as data flows and data stores 4 1 2 Relationship Relationships are used to model the connections between entities of the application Relationships have an important role when implementing information models in relational data base management system rel
43. eration Cancel button closes the dialog and cancels reporting Browse button can be used to browse the input model in the dialog Show button can be used to show the generated report In module based reports the output file definition is wildcard Then C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 91 select highlight the unique filename in multiline text editor and press Show 14 4 PMA dialog fields 14 4 1 Command Command defines the name of the executable 14 4 2 Parameter Parameter defines analysis report type The parameter combobox shows all programmed reports available in prosa fmt Prosa sa delivery contains the following standard report types DataDictionary Data dictionary analysis CrossReferenceCross reference analysis MiniSpecificationMinispecification analysis UserRequirementsTracingUser requirements tracing analysis ProjectModelDatabaseModel data base analysis UndefinedData Undefined data analysis PrimitiveData Primitive data analysis ProjectAnalysis Project analysis ModuleBasedDataModule based data dictionary analysis ModuleBasedRequirementsModule based requirements tracing analysis The user can create also own report types The programming of new report types occurs in prosa fmt file The programming commands have been presented in Appendix D Programming PMA Tool C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 92 14 4 3 Options Options can have the following switches
44. he environment model consists of context diagram and event list documents The context diagram determines the boundary between the application and its environment The event list presents externals events which the application system must generate response to The behavioural model consists of data flow diagrams state transition diagrams and minispecifications The functions of the application system are modeled with data flow diagrams Data flow diagrams are hierarchical modeling the hierarchical decomposition of the application into functional subunits State transition diagrams model the control and timing of the application Minispecifications are used on the lowest hierarchy level of the data flow diagrams to model the behaviour of transformations The information model uses ER diagrams to define the data entities and their composition and relationships in the application All model information is stored in data dictionary Figure 1 1 presents the principle of SA SD RT method C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 2 INSOFT SA SD RT Method Behavioural Model Environment Model Functions DMS User Supplier 77 Control Manage Deliveries rele E Customer APPLICATION Control Waiting F Event List Order 1 Order receive
45. igure 11 1 summarizes the integration between various SA SD RT models Prosa manages diagram linking in Push Pop and Next Previous functions automatically In standard configuration once the link has been established Prosa does not prompt the link when changing diagram during Push Pop or Next Previous functions The Push Pop and Next Previous prompt dialog can be switched on by Heavy Dialog Use checkbox on in User Interface page of the Prosa configuration dialog The Push child link can also be edited by opening the Property window for the particular object The link is internally stored as a syspfdn system property file down property The Pop parent link can also be edited with Property selection from Sheet menu of the Prosa window The link is internally stored as a syspfup system property file up property The Next Previous link horizontal links between erd or class diagrams can also be edited with Property selection from Sheet menu of the Prosa window The link is internally stored as a syspddo system property data dictionary origin property If there are two link names first is previous and second is next single item denotes next link always C Copyright Insoft Oy x PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 81 N syspddo egate erd Y DM P N DEA X elist O 4 syspfdn ysp dgate dfd Sheet property syspddo points to egate erd The property elist of
46. ild model automatically inherits the name of its parent Name model files so that the context diagram filename describes the project name The event list has the same filename as context diagram except the extension is elt Append 0 to the end of context diagram file name to create the 0 data flow diagram file name e g dremixO dfd Name all other model files according to function that it performs Figure 5 1 presents file name extensions and prefix characters for different model types Context diagram dappnam dfd derived from application name Event list dappnam elt derived from application name 0 level dappnamO dfd 0 level std sappnamO std Other dfd s ddgrnam dfd derived from diagram name Other std s sdgrnam std d Minispecifications cmsnam mst X derived from transform name ER diagrams edgrnam erd derived from application name Figure 5 1 Model file name usage 5 2 Naming of SA SD RT modeling elements The naming instructions have been presented in corresponding sections of Environment model Behavioural model Information model C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 38 6 PROSA OM SA CASE ENVIRONMENT PROSA CASE ENVIRONMENT v Supports method UML UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE OMT OBJECT MODELING TECHNIQUE SA SD RT STRUCTURED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN PROSA OM PROSACPP PROSASQL PROSACDM PROSA SA CODE SQL CODE CONCURRENT MO
47. ines tool and filename extension bindings Prosa uses this list to activate the programmed tool for a particular modeling document Define complete command line first with any command line switches Use character for the placeholder of the modeling document name After the command line use comma as a separator and list all filename extensions which should result in activating the command defined E g notepad mst elt c cpp 7 4 2 4 Cut and Paste File Defines the buffer file for graphic cut and paste set operations between Prosa windows During cut and paste Prosa transfers also all the intelligence of the model portion like rubberbanding connections of the symbols properties attributes operations and data dictionary definitions 7 4 2 5 Security Save File and Save Period Prosa performs periodically the security save of the model currently being edited in Prosa window 7 4 2 6 Text Interface File The file is used as an interface between graphic and textual modeling documents When you enter a textual model through Prosa graphic model Prosa interactively checks the two models and writes the result in the text interface file Normally the Utilities menu command V Error has been programmed to show this file in the text editor C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 52 7 4 3 MSpec page of Prosa Configuration prosa cfg Prosa Configuration Figure 7 11 MSpec page C Copyright In
48. ings C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 83 13 2 Print dialog Print Dlg command in Model menu activates the printing dialog where you can interactively specify the printing parameters and then make the printing If you want to change the printer used you select Options command from Print dialog The Help page can be opened by dragging the Help button button from the upper right corner of the dialog above a field or above a button Hardcopy Software File Edit Parameter Options Options Input model dfas dfd Browse Output file lt Show Command Log file Prosa hardcopy software Version 4 21 Copyright c 1987 97 Figure13 1 Prosa Hardcopy Software dialog 13 2 1 Print dialog menus File menu contains Exit command which closes the dialog Edit menu contains Cut Copy and Paste command for text editing in multiline text editor of Print dialog C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 84 13 2 2 Print dialog buttons OK button starts printing Cancel button closes the dialog and cancels printing Options button activates the printer driver options dialog see Figurel3 2 Note that you must fill all other fields of Prosa Hardcopy Software dialog before pressing Options Browse button can be used to browse the input model in the dialog Show button can be used to show the contents of the ouput fi
49. it the style by using the functionality offered by the Styles dialog C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 58 7 4 6 2 Defining a new style Select first a modeling object from Object listbox If this style is editable continue as advised above Otherwise enter the new style name in the edit field of the Style combobox Press the Add button Prosa inserts and highlights the new style in Style listbox Now you can edit the style by using the functionality offered by the Styles dialog After the new style has been designed you must associate the selected object and the newly created style by pressing the Associate button 7 4 6 3 Border Width and Interior Size Edit Fields In order the changes to take effect press the left button in a sample window 7 4 6 4 Background Border and Interior Color Dialogs Press the Palette button Select color and Press OK in color dialog to see the effect in the sample window To accept the color close the color dialog through dialog s system menu s close selection C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 59 8 CREATING SA SD RT DIAGRAMS 8 1 User interface Start Prosa by clicking on Prosa icon or by typing the command prosa Model Type Sheet Design Utilities peme Window title Minimize enubar Toolbar Workspace Horizontal scroll box Diagram area Vertical scroll bar Horizontal scroll bar Vertical scroll POE S
50. le in the text editor If output file definition is wildcard select highlight the unique filename in multiline text editor and press Show Note that certain print formats are not viewable in text editor Prosa Print Printer System Printer QMS PS 810 47 0 m Print Range Diagram OK x C Select Cancel Hierarchy Sum Print Changes Params print d 8 Print Quality 300 dpi Copies 1 Figure13 2 Example print options dialog OK button starts printing Cancel button returns you back to Prosa Hardcopy Software dialog Setup button opens printer driver specific setup pages In Print Range selections Diagram prints current model Select allows to browse input models Hierarchy prints current model and all child models Params field contains the values collected from the Prosa Hardcopy Software dialog C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 85 Print Quality combobox contains printer driver specific resolution values 13 2 3 Print dialog fields 13 2 3 1 Command Command defines the name of the executable 13 2 3 2 Parameter Parameter defines hardcopy formatting record in the prosa fmt file The parameter combobox shows all pre programmed hardcopy formats available in prosa fmt The standard delivery contains the following parameters print Use Windows print driver autorotate meta Generate Windows Metafile Format WMF metabw Generate black and white WMF
51. low diagram Transition models how state changes in state transition diagram Control transformation presents the abstraction of the control in data flow diagrams In SA SD RT method the control modeling is hierarchical and supports concurrent execution in different parts of the model C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 21 DFD InputEvent 9797 Transf 47 OutputEvent1 Control pias Y OutputEvent2 Control transformation presents control part of DFD Input event flows and data flows to control transformation map to conditions in STD Output event and data flows map to actions in STD STD 4 State InputEvent a OQutputEventi OEvent2 State 3 14 Control transformation integrates state transition diagrams and data flow diagrams 3 4 1 State A state models externally observable behaviour of a data flow diagram States is normally named as Doing Something Start every word with a capital letter A state may have several transitions in and out C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 22 STATE A STATE IS A MODE OF BEHAVIOUR OF THE SYSTEM A STATE REPRESENTS AN EXTERNALLY OBSERVABLE MODE OF BEHAVIOUR INITIAL TRANSITION m TRANSITORY STATE TRANSITION STATE Start 2 n E Heat to Reaction Temperature D Heat to Reaction Temperature CONDITION
52. n in front of parameter option and sheetoption in standard command line Example plot print m dfas dfd 13 2 3 4 Input model Input model defines the diagram where printing begins 13 2 3 5 Output file Output file definition is optional and can be a wildcard C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 87 13 2 3 6 Log file Log file defines optional file where all output appearing in multiline editor is also written 13 2 3 7 Message window Message window presents information about the progress of the printing job C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 88 13 3 Print in Unix environment Printing is configured through hco hardcopy formatting section print in prosa fmt file PROSA prosa fmt Print Model N selected ORT file H ardcopy file to print spooler PROSA EXECUTES PLOT TOOL PLOT TOOL PRODUCES PLOT FILE IN EPS FORMAT PLOT TOOL CALLS PRPRINT COMMAND PROCEDURE WITH CURRENT PLOT FILE AS A PARAMETER PRPRINT ALLOWS FLEXIBILITY IN PRINT SPOOLING PRPRINT SPOOLS PLOT FILE TO PRINT SPOOLER Figure 13 3 Print facility in UNIX and VMS C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 89 14 PROSA MODEL ANALYZER PMA TOOL Prosa model analyzer PMA generates reports from Prosa s model data base PMA tool contains with a set of pre programmed analysis report types In addition to standard reports the user can create own
53. nators and to group or package such external objects with similar functionality into one terminator So e g User terminator can contain many kinds of users Instead of using terminators Robotl Robot2 Robot3 one packaged terminator Robot is much better 2 2 3 Flows Flow are used in the context diagram to present the information flow between the system and its environment The data flows are named so that the name illustrates the contents of the information SA SD RT method supports several data flow types Data flow types have been presented in Section 5 Behavioural model The data flows appearing in the context diagram must have the same abstraction level as the context diagram itself has This means that it is not according to good modeling practice to present such low abstraction level data flows in the context diagram which can be understood only by knowing already the whole application E g if you are modeling the interaction between Customer terminator and Deliver Products transformation in the context diagram the whole interaction is normally modelled with one input flow Customer data and one output flow Delivery data The detailed data flow contents is defined in Data Dictionary See Section Behavioural model when the modeling proceeds further C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 6 2 3 Event list Event list is a complementary document for the environment model Event list is a textual documen
54. nd Tools Volume 2 Essential Modelling Techniques Volume 3 Implementation Modelling Yourdon Press New York 1985 86 C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS C Copyright Insoft Oy MODELING SA Training course ii C Copyright Insoft Oy MODELING SA Training course iii C Copyright Insoft Oy MODELING SA Training course iv C Copyright Insoft Oy MODELING SA Training course v liz REFERENCES 106 C Copyright Insoft Oy
55. ng facility of PMA tool collects the identification codes in alphabetical order and lists all elements in the application model which have particular id code attached THE PURPOSE OF REQUIREMENTS TRACING REPORT IS TO PROVIDE INFORMATION WHICH PARTS OF THE MODEL NEED ATTENTION WHEN CERTAIN USER REQUIREMENT IS GOING TO BE CHANGED Figure 14 10 Principle of requirements tracing 100 C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 101 Example of user requirements tracing 1 Open the data flow diagram dgateO dfd 2 Point Manage Gate Equipment data transformation and open Property window 3 Type property name req enter tab and type property value r203 Manage Gate Equipment data tr has reference to item r203 in User Requirements Document 4 Add requirements reference r306 to Make data transformation 5 Save the diagram dgateO dfd 6 Select Pop from workspace menu to enter context diagram Answer Save to Save Nosave query 7 Select Req from Utilities menu of Prosa window PMA creates requirements tracing report 8 Select Vreq from Utilities menu of Prosa window to view the requirements tracing report 9 Close the text editor C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 102 15 MORE GRAPHICS FEATURES 15 1 Copying between Prosa windows Open the context diagram dgate dfd 2 Select Set from Design menu of Prosa window 3 Point to the upper
56. oduce Position i Tracks Object E OS d Movements P Data Figure 3 7 Data store Upper lever Lower level Figure 3 8 Data stores and flows are passed to lower hierarchy levels by connecting them with data transformation C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 17 3 2 6 Data buffer Data buffers store message information Data buffers are normally used to model stack and queue type data storage BUFFER BUFFER IS A SPECIAL TYPE OF STORE IN WHICH FLOWS PRODUCED BY ONE OR MORE TRANSFORMATIONS ARE CONSUMED BY ONE OF MORE TRANSFORMATIONS 15 AN ABSTRACTION OF A STACK OR QUEUE Open Input Valve Output Valve E Reaction Output Valve Vessel Closed No 7 Figure 3 9 Data buffer C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 18 3 2 7 Example data flow diagram Ticket Person Gate reader passed gate due Fate x 4 control Soke du V Manage Gate Control a Jn Display AS data Report A A a N 2 52 Host 4 Display computer Author Status Title 1 Gate Control System Date 11 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File dgate dfd Time 16 51 49 Figure 3 10 Skilift control system context diagram Host command Interpret Host C
57. older which contains Prosa authorization files System Properties 2l x Statup Shutdown Hardware Profiles User Profiles General Perfomance Environment System Variables Variable Value PROCESSOR RE 020c PROSAAUTH c AProsa PROSACFG c Prosa prosa cfg PROSADIR c AProsa windir CSWINNT 40 User Variables for hannu Value TEMP C TEMP TMP CATEMP Variable Value Cancel Apply Figure7 7 Distributed multi designer model database C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 46 7 4 Making a personal Prosa configuration The following steps show how you create a personal configuration in Unix environments In Windows NT you use System item in the Control panel for the same purpose 1 Make personal configuration file and change PROSACFG environment variable cp usr prosa prosa cfg usr login dir PROSACFG usr login dir prosa cfg export PROSACFG After starting Prosa the functionality and working ergonomics of Prosa sa can be configured through Config item in Design menu Prosa sa configuration information is stored in Prosa configuration file Prosa sa searches the configuration file name from PROSACFG environment variable which by default after installation points to the file prosa cfg in Prosa sa home directory According to your needs it is thus possible to have global project specific or personal Prosa sa configurations C Copyright Insoft
58. ommand ie a Beat LE Gate Ticket X control data Manage Gate T Equipment Person X Display passed 3S A data gate 4 Y i N f 3 N P ZO pagas arameters Gate passing _y Report amp o data Report XS Author Status Title 0 Manage Gate Control Date 12 09 1995 Project Appr Vers File msaexa dgate dgate0t dfd Time 09 02 54 Figure 3 11 The 0 level data flow diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 19 3 3 System and subsystem modeling SA SD RT method can be used on all modeling abstraction levels from company s business and strategic planning down to module and programming level In a very large systems the developing can be divided into subsystems where the subsystem is modelled from the context level DESIGNING SUBSYSTEM Main system model Subsystem model N Nu 7 t Sak 51 We v2 4 P1 N 2 ora Ne N 4 S mi EP 3 s2 3 s1 j m2 2 Sa N hdi x si x CN P wr E aX A x NS ia VE D E X KN N PEN ew Oz m1 m2 m3 Author Insoft Oy Status Title Date 12 09
59. on diagram A condition can have one part or it can be an expression of several parts Condition syntax condition operand local variable literal string constant operator arithmetic op operator operand operator operand input event flow local variable literal constant string string character integer float arithmetic_op logical_op relational_op addition subtraction multiplication logical_op HE logical and logical logical not relational op E less than greater than less or equal than greater or equal than equal not equal 3 17 Condition syntax 3 4 2 2 Action One transition can have many actions Actions are executed when a transition is made Action syntax action zz executive ac signalling ac assign ac executive ac Eheader data transformation Eheader x E nable D isable T rigger Ac De signalling ac Sheader output flow Sheader z R aise L ower S ignal assign ac identifier expression asgn operand local variab literal string identifier expression output flow local variable asgn operand operator asgn operand input flow local variab constant literal string operator x arithmeticop logicalop arithmeticop ot logicalop E ND OR NOT 3 18 Action syntax C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 25 3 4 3 Example state transition diagr
60. on press the right mouse button and select Properties Shortcut page Figures7 1 4 present an example of creating project folder adding the folder to Prosa Model Read Paths and changing Prosa working directory C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 40 BY Exploring Projects Folder 28 New Folder Prosa Figure7 1 Creating project folder C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 41 Iof x Model Type Sheet Utilities osaa Balance Set Comment Grid Zoom System Return Config Es Activate Prosa configuration dialog Figure7 2 Opening Prosa Configuration Dialog prosa cfg Prosa Configuration 2l x Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface Styles Model Read Paths dirkdirl 4 C Prosa dfas C Prosa dmta Delete Browse Add Delete winword doc Cut and Paste File Security Save File Save Period min Text Interface File C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 42 Prosa Browse model paths C Projects drobot p o gt Projects Figure7 3 Adding a project folder to Model Read Paths C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 43 Utilities 2 Prosa Change Directory C Projects drobot E gt Projects
61. r interface page of Prosa Configuration Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface styles User Interface Mode Pop up Menu Button Left Right Drag Transfer Button Right Time Delays Menu Click Release Delay Flow Click Delay Workspace Options Show Statusbar Heavy Dialog Use Show Toolbar Border File Dialog Show Grid E Snap To Grid Cancel Apply Figure 7 13 User Interface page C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 56 7 4 5 1 User Interface Mode Pop up menus of Prosa can be activated either by Left default or Right mouse button Correspondingly the other button is used in dragging and moving modeling symbols and symbol names 7 4 5 2 Time Delays Menu Click Release Delay Pop up menus can be activated by two ways 1 Press the mouse button down and while holding the button down drag the mouse to desired menu item and make the selection by releasing the button or 2 Click the mouse button fast to bring the menu permanently visible Make the selection with another click Menu Click Release Delay defines the time in milliseconds how fast you must click to achieve the situation of method 2 Flow Click Delay In association flow and transition generation fast click creates a corner or bending point Flow Click Delay defines the time in milliseconds how fast you must click to create a corner point If this delay expires a flow
62. ransformation Data transformation presents function or hierarchically decomposed function in dfd Input flows present input parameters and output flows output parameters A data transformation can be modeled further hierarchically with a new data flow diagram or with a textual minispecification Use transformation names that describe well the behaviour of the transformation The name should be always in form Verb lt Noun gt Start each word with a capital letter Good transformation names are e g Read Temperature Make Report Calculate Position To achieve the highest possible reusability number the transformations with running numbers starting 1 2 3 inside a model The actual hierarchy number of each transformation is constructed by combining the model number i e number preceding the diagram name and the transformation number Position transformations so that the main information flow in the model C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 12 goes from up left to down right This kind of positioning policy makes models easy to read and understand DATA TRANSFORMATION A DATA TRANSFORMATION CHANGES INCOMING FLOWS TO OUTGOING FLOWS Optical Scan Data Object Position uat uen o Calculate Position LAS Ud p Scanner Position Figure 3 3 Data transformation 3 2 2 Data flows Data flows transfer information between SA SD RT modeling objects Data flow may contain a single
63. soft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 53 7 4 3 1 Minispecification header format SA SD RT When you select a Push function from a data transformation menu Prosa lets you to define a graphic no filename extension or dfd or textual mst or c extension among others model for that transformation case of textual model the selected minispecification header format is used to automatically create the header or skeleton for that transformation The same is used in checking interactively the consistency between data flow diagrams and minispecifications 7 4 3 2 Operation specification header format UML OMT When you click on operation name of a certain class Prosa lets you to define a graphic no filename extension or dfd or textual cpp extension model for that operation In case of textual model the selected operation specification header format is used to automatically create the header or skeleton for that operation The same is used in checking interactively the consistency between class and operation specification models cc defines C C format pas defines Pascal format ada defines Ada format std defines standard natural English like specification language C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 54 7 4 4 Utilities page of Prosa Configuration Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface Styles Utilities Menu Programming lt MenultemName gt Corresponding command Prosacdm 9
64. submenu is shown to direct you further 7 4 5 3 Workspace Options You can hide or show Statusbar Toolbar and Grid Snap to Grid when enabled allows symbol placement and association transition generation only in the grid In text editing field the size of grid can be defined in millimeters e g 2 50 Heavy Dialog Use shows frequently filename dialogs when traversing between various diagrams in a certain model Border File Dialog shows the dialog for reading prefilled diagram as a basis for a new model in Prosa Push to operation model or child data flow diagram C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 57 7 4 6 Styles page of Prosa Configuration prosa cfg Prosa Configuration 2l x Method Path MSpec Utilities User Interface Styles Object Style UCD Message Add OID Object 010 OperPath Associate OID Message Delet OMD Class Delete OMD Association DFD Data Tr Sample Backgnd Palette Border Color Palette Interior Color Palette Text Font OK Cancel Apply Figure 7 14 Styles page 7 4 6 1 Editing an existing style but standard styles StFlo and StObj be edited Select first a modeling object from Object listbox Prosa automatically shows the corresponding style in Style listbox If that style is StFlo or StObj style to get an editable style you must create a new style for the selected object see below Otherwise you can ed
65. t listing external events from the environment to application to which the application must generate response The notation of the event list is presented in Figure 2 3 EVENT LIST APPLICATION NAME EXTERNAL EVEN DESCRIPTION OF RESPONSE 2 EXTERNAL EVEN DESCRIPTION OF RESPONSE 3 Figure 2 3 Event list C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 7 2 4 Example environment model GATE CONTROL SYSTEM Green Red EEN 1 Valid ticket read lamp lamp Open gate Light green for 5 seconds 2 Expired ticked read isplay Ticket Light red for 10 seconds reader 3 Valid ticked that passed gate within 5 minutes Light red for 10 seconds 4 Person passed the gate ate Host Lock the 0 computer 5 Operate Stop or 2708 Status report command received Mc from host computer Gate opening closing system 2 4 Skilift system block diagram Skilift gate control system is a remote controlled system The host computer controls the gate control system with messages Operate Stop and Make Report The Operate message activates the gate for operation Stop message finishes the gate operations and Make Report message causes the gate to send a statistics report to the host The gate has gate opening closing system a ticket reader a display for presenting messages and green red lamps for alarms In
66. tensive course 8 2 Changing working directory Create folder directory demo Select Chdir from Utilities menu Change the default directory to demo 8 3 Environment model 8 3 1 Context diagram Ticket Person reader passed Hia gate Ticket Gate data _ control 0 NE Todi Gate Control E I Display EN data Report N 2 il N Host 4 Host command Display computer Figure 8 2 Context diagram 1 Select Datatr from workspace menu 2 Symbol menu is activated by pointing the symbol and holding the button down 3 Set Number and Name of the data transformation Select Terminator from workspace menu Name it C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 62 5 Aflow is drawn from source to destination Use flow type Discr Data Bending point is made by fast click Flow is terminated by pointing the destination and clicking 6 Scroll down the Prosa window to find the Title block Fill in Author Project and Title fields 7 Save the diagram dgate dfd by selecting Save As from Model menu C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 63 8 3 2 Event list Point the data transformation and select Property Prosa Properties ae File Edit Search 0 Manage Gate Con Visit Property name dgate elt Figure 8 3 Opening event list 1
67. tity nz flow 5 flow store entity string string string string typespecifier aliasname comment comptype and or store entity component operator and or aliasname typespecifier comptype cmtstart cmtstop cmtstart string t comptype string cmtstop string Variable type string Pointer type string string with specifiers cmtstart string cmtstop space tabulator or newline character must precede a space or tabulator character must precede comment cmtstart cmtstop string character Figure 3 27 Data Dictionary syntax Example data dictionary definition Customer Customer data store definition CompanyName Address Address StreetAddress ZipCode City Figure 3 28 Data Dictionary definition example C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 32 Product 2 4 i Sub systB N flowb struc_type flowazint vit 7 ModA1 or the scope offlowa ModB1 the scope Library1 Library2 of fout N E P Figure 3 29 Scopes of Data Dictionary definition C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 33 4 INFORMATION MODEL 4 1 Description of the information model Information model defines the data of the application Information model or data model is pres
68. with no fills printrotO Use Windows print driver do not autorotate Only Unix users need the following parameters psa4 EPS A4 autorotate psa4rot0O EPS A4 no rotate psa4rotOt EPS A4 no rotate to top of paper psa4rot0b EPS A4 no rotate to bottom of paper psa4prot901_ EPS A4 portrait rotate 90 to left edge of paper psa4prot90r EPS A4 portrait rot 90 to right edge of paper hco 4 0 HPGL 4 no rotate hco ha4protO HPGL A4 portrait no rotate hco ha4rotO 50HPGL 4 no rotate scale 50 hco 4 0 50HPGL A4 portrait no rotate scale 50 Prosa Hardcopy Tool is user programmable The programming Occurs in prosa fmt file The programming commands have been presented in Prosa sa User s Manual Appendix C Programming Plot Tool C Copyright Insoft Oy PROSA SA M USE Intensive course 86 13 2 3 3 Options Options field can have two option strings option sheetoption where option can consist of following switches Autoclip i e clip empty sheet edges Drop border sheet symbol Print changed diagrams only Show dialog always Show output file in text editor see Show button above Produce prints for all diagrams of the model hierarchy S Select diagrams through select dialog sheetoption can specify one of following 4 Print A4 sheets only A4P Print portrait A4 sheets only Print sheets only Examples cm a4 cm a4 Note Use hyphe

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