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648 Manual - Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.

1. Flow switch TABLE 6 7 Power supply water flow switch connector details 6 11 4 2 Water Control Valve The water control valve connector provides the means to connect a water control valve Pins 1 and 2 supply 24 VAC at 1 A for operation of a water control valve FIGURE 6 10 Water control valve connector 1 Power supply water valve A 2 Power supply water valve B TABLE 6 8 Power supply water control valve connector details Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 6 11 5 USB Connector 6 12 Technical Inquiries 6 12 1 Contacting Lake Shore 6 11 5 USBConnector 79 This connector provides one of two means of computer interface Command descriptions are found in Chapter 5 2 1 Tl 3 4 FIGURE 6 11 USB pin and connector details Pe ne bein 1 vec 5VDC 2 D Data 3 D Data 4 GND Ground TABLE 6 9 USB pinand connector details Refer to the following sections when contacting Lake Shore for application assistance or product service Questions regarding product applications price availability and shipments should be directed to sales Questions regarding instrument calibration or repair should be directed to instrument service Do not return a product to Lake Shore without a Return Material Authorization RMA number section 6 12 2 The Lake Shore Service Department is staffed Monday through Friday between the hours of 8 00 AM and 5 00 PM EST excluding
2. isses e eese 10 2 4 1 Water Hose Connection sssssssssssssssssss e n 10 2 4 2 Magnet Coil Wiring ssssssssssssses e eme 11 2 4 3 Temperature Switches and Flow Switches sseesssssssssssssseeeeee 12 2 4 4 Cooling Water and Water Valve isses 12 2 4 5 GFOUPGITIE cs sierexk egest pedi EURO EORR E RO UE I asa eerta i qe p ban 13 2 4 6 Final Check OUut cece cece cece e eee e e eee eee 13 2 5 Electromagnet Operation ccc cece cece eee eee 13 2 5 1 AirGap and Pole Caps 0 ccc c cece cece cece cece eee e eee eee e eee ees 13 2 5 2 Maximum Current and POWEr 0 0 cece cece cece cece eee e eee 13 2 5 3 Operation Under Field Control 0 0 cece cece cece teen eee eee eee 15 2 5 4 Avoiding Cooling Water Condensation cesses 15 3 1 Genel al EEUU 17 3 2 Inspection and Unpacking cece eee cece e eee 17 3 2 1 Moving and Handling ccc cece eee c cece eee nent me 18 3 3 Rear Panel DefiniltlOris ie oce o E RS EE HA AREE FRAN NN NER PEOR NAE FERMEN 18 3 4 Power Wiring and Setup 2 cece ee eme e ee 19 3 4 1 Line Voltage Selection sssssssssssssssssssssssse ens 20 3 4 2 Circuit Breaker Setting sisse 20 3 4 3 Stant Up FUSES uoo bsec peer ete EEE KEENER REE xr E DE a RS 21 3 44 Cable ENUY cse t PIRE e a ad wer ILE EE TORY Es 21 3 4 5 Power Input Terminals esses een 23 3 4 6 Wiring COVER sic cocssssset eet o
3. FIGURE 3 2 Voltag 2am 2k e change detail The circuit breaker is an important safety feature of the Model 648 The required current setting depends on the voltage for which the unit is wired refer to TABLE 3 2 for the correct setting Verify that the circuit breaker is set correctly for the line voltage being applied to the unit To set the breaker trip current open the access cover on the circuit breaker and adjust the current setting dial to the correct value FIGURE 3 3 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 4 3 Start up Fuses 3 4 4 Cable Entry 3 4 3 Start upFuses 21 The circuit breaker has an automatic reset feature If the breaker trips it will reset within afew minutes and the unit can be restarted If the unittrips again after a short time the trip current may be set incorrectly FIGURE 3 3 Circuit breaker The start up transformer and associated circuitry are energized whenever the power is connected To protect this circuitry two 2 A class CC time delay fuses are provided Afuse is accessed by pulling open the access door on the fuse holder The fuses are inserted small end first as shown in FIGURE 3 4 J FIGURE 3 4 Fuses being inserted into the fuse holder A38 mm 1 5 in diameter hole is provided for the power wiring to enter the unit Wiring must be approved by your local electrical product safety agency and be sized appropriately to accommodate both the configured working voltage and maxi
4. This section provides a brief description ofthe typical operation of an electromagnet Foroperation of the Model 648 refer to Chapter 4 The first step in setting up a magnet for operation is to select the proper pole caps and adjust the air gap These parameters are determined by the size and shape of the sample and the connections that must be made to the sample Generally a smaller pole face provides a higher field within the air gap A smaller air gap also provides a higher field The pole faces must be selected to accommodate the size of the sample being tested The air gap is selected based on the size of the sample and the other equipment being used The curves for field versus current for various air gaps and pole cap sizes for the Lake Shore Model EM7 HVA are shown in FIGURE 2 6 through FIGURE 2 7 It also shows that these parameters are not linear This must be taken into account when operating an electromagnet To obtain linearity it is necessary to operate the magnet and power supply under field control section 2 5 3 The Model 648 was designed to operate with a magnet load resistance of 0 50 O but will provide full current output within a resistance range of 0 41 O to 0 55 O The Model 648 will also work outside ofthe previously mentioned resistance range but will be limited by two factors internal power dissipation and compliance voltage FIGURE 2 5 plots the maximum current output versus a resistance range of 0 00 O to 1 00 O
5. Also to be taken into account the resistance of a magnet will rise with a rise in temperature The power dissipated in the magnet is given by P I2R If the current remains constant the power dissipated will rise proportionately with the rise in resistance Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 14 CHAPTER 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation 120 Limited by internal power dissipation 2 g 199 Power limit 4000 W oO 80 Limited by E compliance voltage x lt 3 60 Compliance limit 75 V 40 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0 Load resistance Ohms FIGURE 2 5 Maximum current output vs resistance EM7 HV 15 2 cm 6 in Pole Face Field Plot 25 5 mm 0 20 in 20 10 mm 0 39 in 15 mm 0 59 in 38 1 mm 1 5 in 50 mm 1 97 in 50 8 mm 2 00 in 75 mm 2 95 in 100 mm 3 94 in 125 mm 4 92 in 150 mm 5 91 in 177 8 mm 7 00 in 10 Magnetic Field kG Current A FIGURE 2 6 Typical curves of field vs current for 6 inch pole face on the EM7 EM10 HV 102 mm 4 in Pole Face Field Plot 35 30 4 15 mm 25 25 mm 0 98 50 mm 1 97 in 20 4 50 8 mm 2 00 in 15 4 75 mm 2 95 in Magnetic Field kG 100 mm 3 94 in 10 125 mm 4 92 in 160 mm 6 30 in sA 0 a 3 M L M 4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Current A FIGURE 2
6. Service Request Enable Register Query SRE term lt bit weighting gt term nnn Refer to command for description Status Byte Query STB term bit weighting term nnn This command is similarto a Serial Poll except it is processed like any other instru ment command It returns the same result as a Serial Poll except that the Status Byte bit 6 RQS MSS is not cleared Refer to section 5 2 5 2 Self Test Query TST term status term n status 0 no errors found 1 errors found The Model 648 reports status based on test done at power up Wait to Continue Command KWAI term This command is not supported in the Model 648 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply DFLT Input Remarks DISP Input Format DISP Input Returned Format ERCL Input Remarks ERST Input Returned Format Remarks ERSTE Input Format Remarks ERSTE Input Returned Format 5 4 CommandSummary 63 Factory Defaults Command DFLT 99 term Sets all configuration values to factory defaults and resets the instrument The instru ment must be at zero amps for this command to work The 99 is included to prevent accidentally setting the unit to defaults Display Parameter Command DISP brightness term n brightness Specifies display brightness 0225926 125096 227526 3210026 Display Parameter Query DISP term brightness term n Referto command for definition Erro
7. WinZip is a registered trademark of Nico Mak of Connecticut Copyright 2012 2015 Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc All rights reserved No portion of this manual may be reproduced stored ina retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photocopying recording or otherwise without the express written permission of Lake Shore Lake Shore CRVOTBONICS www lakeshore com Ce DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY We Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc 575 McCorkle Blvd Westerville OH 43082 USA hereby declare that the equipment specified conforms to the following Directives and Standards Application of Council Directives 2006 95 EC LVD 2004 108 EC EMC 2011 65 EU RoHS Standards to which Conformity is declared EN 61010 1 2010 l Overvoltage II Pollution Degree 2 EN 61326 1 2013 Class A Annex B EN 50581 2012 Model Number eene 648 Sa fen frg Scott Ayer Director of Quality and Compliance Position Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC for the Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC of electronic equipment is a growing concern worldwide Emissions of and immunity to electromagnetic interference is now part of the design and manufacture of most electronics To qualify forthe CE Mark the Model 648 meets or exceeds the requirements of the European EMC Directive 89 643 EEC as a CLASS
8. Command error EXE Execution error QYE Query error Output OPC Operation complete buffer suse 7 e OE RO a Register STB Generate service request Reset by serial poll MSS Read by STB Senice Request 7 e ee aeu qao Enable Register Not Not Not SRE SRE HESBJOESB usea OSB Operation summary bit RQS Service request MSS Master summary status bit ESB Event status sumary bit MAV Message available summary bit HESB Hardware error summary bit OESB Operational error summary bit RQS Bit Name Operation Condition 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 90 Bit Register Name OPST Not Not Not Not Not FOE coup Operation LLL Event 7 6 5 4 3 2 11 0 5 Register Not Not Not Not Not E ig Less usea usea usen usea PRL Rane cour OPSTR Operation Event Enable tm ra aa prec Not Not Not Not Not Pru Ran COMP PRLM Power limit RAMP Ramp done COMP Compliance Bit Name FIGURE 5 1 Model 648 status system image 1 of 2 Lake Shore CRYOTRONICS eO From sheet 2of2 www lakeshore com 46 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation Error Status Condition Register ERST 27 6 5 4 3 2 1 o pst Name Error Status Event Register ERSTR Hardware Errors TF Temperature fault DAC DAC processor not responding OCF Output control
9. Format Example INTWTR Input Returned Format KEYST Input Format Returned Remarks Error Status Register Query ERSTR term hardware errors operational errors term nnn nnn The integers returned represent the sum ofthe bit weighting ofthe error bits These error bits are latched when an error condition is detected This register is cleared when it is read Refer to section 5 2 6 1 and section 5 2 6 2 fora list of error bits Use the ERRCL command to clearthe operational errors Hardware errors cannot be cleared IEEE 488 Interface Parameter Command IEEE terminator EOI enable address term n n nn terminator Specifies the terminator Valid entries O lt CR gt lt LF gt 1 lt LF gt lt CR gt 2 lt LF gt 3 no terminator must have EOI enabled Sets EOI mode 0 Enabled 1 Disabled Specifies the IEEE address 1 through 30 Address 0 and 31 are reserved IEEE 0 0 4 term after receipt of the current terminator the instrument uses lt CR gt lt LF gt as the new terminator uses EOI mode and responds to address 4 EOI enable address IEEE 488 Interface Parameter Query IEEE term terminator EO enable gt lt address gt term n n nn refer to command for description mode 0 Manual Off 1 Manual On 2 Auto 3 Disabled Internal Water Mode Command INTWTR mode term n mode 0 Manual Off 1 Manual On 2 Auto 3 Disabled I
10. Menu Navigation Display Setup 25 50 75 100 Default 25 Interface Command DISP The main purpose of the Model 648 electromagnet power supply is to supply a very precise and stable current to a magnet load Before setting output current make sure that the instrument is properly setup for the magnet system that is being used This includes setting up the maximum output current section 4 12 1 and maximum ramp rate section 4 12 2 When a new output current setting is entered the supply will ramp to the new setting at the current ramp rate unless limited by the fixed com pliance voltage The ramping LED will be lit while the output current is ramping When the output current setting is entered it will be limited in magnitude by the maximum current setting Refer to section 4 12 2 to setup the maximum settings The output current setting value can be set as high as 135 1000 A This can be used to compensate for variances in calibration The output currentis guaranteed to reach a min imum of 135 A into a 0 5 Q load but may not be able to reach 135 1 A in all circumstances The output current setting is not allowed to change if the instrument is set up so that the output current is programmed solely by an external voltage The screen will read change not allowed while in external current program mode Refer to section 4 16 to setup the external current program mode Menu Navigation Output Setting 135 000 to 135 000 De
11. and the two 10 32 x 5 s screws provided The wiring cover installation is shown in FIGURE 3 7 T WARN i Te Do not connect power or attempt to operate the unit with this cover removed Lethal voltage and currents exist inside There is a risk of injury or death if an operator or technician comes in contact with these potentials Chassis Wiring cover aC 10 32 x 5 8 screw 2 a 6 32 x 3 8 screw 4 FIGURE 3 7 Wiring cover installation Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 4 7 Mains Wiring A WARNING 3 5 Magnet Connector NO VALVE OR SWITCH 3 6 Auxiliary Connector 3 4 7 MainsWiring 25 No wiring is provided with the unit In all cases the field connection of the mains wiring must comply with all local wiring codes where the Model 648 is installed The power source must be protected with a dedicated circuit breaker or fuse The rating of the protection device must be a value equal to that of the internal breaker setting or the next higher commercially available value TABLE 3 2 Wiring must be provided with a minimum sizing requirement of 6 AWG 13 mm2 A disconnect switch must be installed within 3 meters 10 ft of the Model 648 marked clearly in layman s language and easily accessible Ensure the unit is positioned to allow for easy access to the disconnect switch Do not attempt to connect the power mains using a detachable cord The power wiring must be per
12. 0001 to 50 000 A s Ramp segments are used to changethe output current ramp rate based on the output current The ramp segment feature needs to be turned on using the RSEG command Ramp Segments Parameters Query RSEGS segment term current rate term nnn nnn n nnnn referto command for description Output Current Setting Command SETI lt current gt term tnnn nnn current Specifies the output current setting 0 000 135 100 A Sets the current value that the output will ramp to at the present ramp rate The set ting value is limited by LIMIT Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 68 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation SETI Input Returned Format STOP Input Remarks XPGM Input Format Example XPGM Input Returned Format Output Current Setting Query SETI term current term nnn nnn referto command for description Stop Output Current Ramp Command STOP term This command will stop the output current ramp within 2 s of sending the command To restart the ramp use the SETI command to set a new output current setpoint External Program Mode Command XPGM lt mode gt term n mode O Internal 1 External 2 Sum XPGM 1 term places the Model 648 into external program mode where the output current is set by an external voltage External Program Mode Query XPGM term mode term n referto command for description Model 648 Electromagnet Pow
13. 32 44 LED Annunclatofrs a sexeceners ret ter ni hinein RR REESE TARDE LOIS NE NDA Een 32 441 Raul ED ice eoiece prre Ines ee EPDRPRU Ep amus E 33 4 4 2 Compliance LED isssssssssssssssssssssssse ee eee en 33 44 3 Powerbimit ED cicssivatendicnes doe cena REN RNTAR EVE US KU DU TA TROP axe 33 444 Ramping EBD sco ec a reet o UTER bete EORR eese t S dae 33 4 4 5 Remote LED pict ecidaews exe Ep IR PUR A AREE ATARE EIEEE ERE RES 33 AS Keypad JDeFlPitiOl 45 5 diaietaahlins lt vede sx he eC RA Sore auo A Er tide eR MER dn 33 4 5 1 General Keypad Operation ssssssssssssssssssss en 34 4 6 Display Setup ssssssssssssssssse eee eem denne ane nnn 35 4 7 Setting Output CUrrent ise sescesteshet e nen innn n naa ere eter ed a deo ra 35 4 8 Output Current Ramp Rate eee eee eee e eee n eee een e eee en eee ne eee ed 35 4 9 RAMP SCSMENCS aces cnet t o tori oem err EEn EEEE AONNE ES EEE pE DESEA 36 4 9 1 Setting Up the Ramp Segments Table ssssssssseeh 36 4 10 Pause OUTPUT i lee cei tid eve keen i rr Ur RE TERRE ER AAEREEURUDU OC ERN ET RR 36 4 11 Zero OUTPUT Losses o iur dota s pw SEDERUEN DER Ede TIREN po naan 37 4 12 Maximum Setting LIMITS posi sec Giec dada meme hate Re RR sang casey VETE e Ra 37 4 12 1 Maximum Output CUrrent 0 cece eee teen cece eennnnes 37 4 12 2 Maximum Current Ramp Rate 0c cece eee e eee e eee nen 37 4 13 Magnet Walter is tese ve Epp RR RERO UU dee ses
14. 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 4 5 PowerlnputTerminals 23 3 4 5 Power Input The Model 648 requires a 4 conductor power cable non detachable The inputto the Terminals Model 648 is wired in a delta configuration but will operate from a delta or wye source If operating from a wye source the neutral line N is not used A WARN Te The ground the green yellow ground terminal connects the instrument chassis to the electrical ground safety ground and is required to prevent fault conditions which may be hazardousto operating personnel In no case should the safety ground line be omitted In no case should a neutral line be used as a safety ground All wiring must comply with the code requirements ofthe locality in which the instrument is installed FIGURE 3 6 shows typical input wiring The wire ferrules shown are not required but are recommended to prevent stray strands from shorting to adjacent terminals For safety the ground wire must be longer than the phase conductors as showin in FIGURE 3 6 Ground Line input Poll 2 ul T a Ta em T i0 iE e E E ce e9 N EN D D mW aum a a E 95 na Dell Line input LI Ground FIGURE 3 6 Typical input wiring Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 24 CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 4 6 Wiring Cover When the power wiring voltage setting and current setting are complete install the wiring cover with the four 6 32 x 3 8
15. A product A Class A product is allowed to radiate more RF than a Class B product and must include the follow ing warning WARNING This is a Class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures The instrument was tested under normal operating conditions with sensor and interface cables attached If the installation and operating instructions in the User s Manual are followed there should be no degradation in EMC performance This instrument is not intended for use in close proximity to RF Transmitters such as two way radios and cell phones Exposure to RF interference greater than that found in a typical laboratory environment may disturb the sensitive measurement circuitry ofthe instrument Pay special attention to instrument cabling Improperly installed cabling may defeat even the best EMC protection Forthe best performance from any precision instrument follow the grounding and shielding instructions in the User s Manual In addition the installer of the Model 648 should consider the following Shield measurement and computer interface cables Leave no unused or unterminated cables attached to the instrument Make cable runs as short and direct as possible Higher radiated emissions are possible with long cables Do not tightly bundle cables that carry different types of signals When the instrument is subjected to EM fields of 1 V m the
16. Sensitivity 7 V 70 V Accuracy 1 of full scale Noise 2 mV RMS Source impedance 20 O Connector Shared 15 pin D sub Power supply cooling water Remote enable input TTL low or contact closure to enable output used for mandatory 1 gal min flow switch included Connector 2 pin detachable terminal block connector Valve power output 24 VAC at 1 5 Amaximum automatic or manual control Connector 2 pin detachable terminal block connector Water valve optional Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 1 10 General C CAUTION 1 10 General 5 Magnet cooling water Remote enable input TTL low or contact closure to enable output jumper required if unused Valve power output 24 VAC at 1 5 Amaximum automatic or manual control Connector Shared 4 pin detachable terminal block Flow temperature switch and water valve not included Auxiliary Emergency stop Requires 1A 24 VAC normally closed NC contact to enable power up jumper required ifunused Fault output Relay with normally open NO or normally closed NC contact 30 VDC at1A Remote enable input TTL low or contact closure to enable output jumper required ifunused Connector Shared 8 pin detachable terminal block Emergency stop and inhibit switches not included Line power Power 15 5 kVA max Voltage and current 200 VAC 10 41 A phase 208 VAC 10 40 A phase 220 VAC 10 38 A phase 230 VAC 10 37 A phase 380 VAC 10 23 A phase 400 VAC 10 21 A p
17. The cooling water must be clean and free from sediment salt and other contaminants which might clog or erode the water fittings A minimum flow rate of 7 6 L 2 gal per minute is required with a maximum pressure of 552kPa 80 psi At the 7 6 L 2 gal per minute flow rate the Model 648 has a 159 kPa 23 psi drop across it When installed the water valve adds an additional 107 kPa 15 5 psi drop The temperature must be kept above 15 C to avoid condensation and below 30 C to ensure adequate system cooling If water is drawn from a local municipal water source the optional water valve should be installed for economy and to prevent condensation section 3 7 If water is supplied by a facility chiller a valve can still be used but is not required Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 4 7 MainsWiring 27 o CAUTION Do not use de ionized water because it is corrosive to the water fittings inside the Model 648 Water in 20 mm 25 32 in adjustable hose clamps HEED QD 12 7mm 0 5 in hose barb FIGURE 3 11 Typical water hose connection FIGURE 3 12 shows the connections required when a water valve is used The optional solenoid water valve is supplied mounted to a bracket which mounts to the rear of the Model 648 as shown in FIGURE 3 12 Hose connections are made as shown in FIGURE 3 11 When you are finished installing the cooling water hose ensure the hose c
18. cover to protect the start up circuit section 3 4 3 Cable entry A38 mm 1 5 in hole is provided for power cable entry and strain relief bushing section 3 4 4 Power terminals Four DIN terminals are provided behind a wiring cover for connection of power wiring section 3 4 5 A 4 pin detachable screw terminal block is provided to connect the optional magnet water valve Magnet connector section 3 5 power and temperature and or flow switch m An 8 pin detachable screw terminal block is provided to connect the optional emergency stop Auxiliary connector pam section 3 6 remote fault indicator remote enable and chassis ground One 2 pin detachable screw terminal block is provided to connect the optional Power supply connector section 3 7 power supply water valve power Cooling water Two 12 7mm 172 in hose barbs are provided for input and output of cooling water section 3 8 Output terminals Two output lugs are provided forthe magnet cable connections section 3 9 A 15 pin D subminiature connector provides output for current and voltage monitoring as well as analog pro g Analog I O pine P P g 8 8p section 3 10 gramming input USB A B type USB connector that emulates a standard RS 232C serial port is provided for use with the USB computer section 3 11 1 interface and section 5 3 3 IEEE 488 interface An IEEE 488 compliant interface connector is provided for use with IEEE 488 parallel computer interface section 6 3 and sectio
19. dot separated 3 digit decimal numbers such as 192 168 000 012 term Terminator characters Indicated a parameter field many are command specific state Parameter field with only On Off or Enable Disable states Floating point values have varying resolution depending on the type of command or query issued J s n dd value TABLE 5 6 Interface commands key Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 60 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation QCLS Clear Interface Cmd LIMIT Limit Output Settings Cmd 65 QESE Event Status Enable Register Cmd 61 LIMIT Limit Output Settings Query 65 QESE Event Status Enable Register Query 61 LOCK Keyboard Lock Cmd 65 QESR Standard Event Status Register Query 61 LOCK Keyboard Lock Query 65 QIDN Identification Query 61 MAGWTR Magnet Water Mode Cmd 65 QOPC Operation Complete Cmd 61 MAGWTR Magnet Water Mode Query 65 QOPC Operation Complete Query 62 MODE IEEE Interface Mode Cmd 65 QRST Reset Instrument Cmd 62 MODE IEEE Interface Mode Query 66 QSRE Service Request Enable Register Cmd 62 OPST Operational Status Query 66 QSRE Service Request Enable Register Query 62 OPSTE Operational Status Enable Cmd 66 QSTB Status Byte Query 62 OPSTE Operational Status Enable Query 66 QTST Self Test Query 62 OPSTR Operational Status Register Que
20. downtime It uses worry free water cooling for quiet efficient operation compared to air cooled power supplies The seamless water lines only have external junctions eliminating internal water leaks In addition safety interlocks ensure that magnet cooling water is always flow ing to the supply while operating Water can be interlocked into the power supply if desired Internal software controls manage water usage intelligently When combined with a Lake Shore EM7 7 inch electromagnet and Model 475 DSP gaussmeter the Model 648 forms a versatile electromagnet characterization system ideal for a wide range of user defined applications including magneto optical stud ies magnetic hysteresis tests susceptibility measurements Hall effect studies spin magnetic resonance demonstrations and biological tests Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 2 Output Architecture 1 3 Output Programming 1 4 Output Reading 1 5 Protection 1 6 Interfaces 1 7 Display and Keypad 1 8 3 Year Warranty and Technical Support The low electrical noise design ofthe Model 648 makes itthe ideal power supply for use with large electromagnets in high precision laboratory settings ensuring greater resolution and finer detail in data taken during highly sensitive measurements Since low noise is critical to measurement systems the Model 648 implements both a lin ear design and bipolar architecture Linear magnet p
21. fault detected high line voltage low line voltage temperature high external current program error calibration error Any or all of these events may be reported in the standard event summary bit through the enable register see Fig ure 5 5 The Operational Error Status Register is the second value ofthe two values associated with the Error Status Registers The Error Status Enable command ERSTE programs the enable register and the query command ERSTE reads it ERSTR reads and clearsthe Error Status Register The used bits ofthe Error Status Event Register are described as follows m Remote Enable Fault Detected REF Bit 7 this bit is set if a fault condition is detected on the remote enable interlock m Power Supply Flow Switch Fault Detected PFF Bit 6 this bitis set if a fault con dition is detected on the power supply flow switch interlock m Magnet Flow Switch Fault Detected MFF Bit 5 this bitis set if a fault condition is detected on the magnet flow switch interlock m High Line Voltage HLV Bit 4 this bit is set if the power line voltage exceeds an acceptable amplitude Operation can continue but additional heat may be dissi pated by the instrument m Low Line Voltage LLV Bit 3 this bit is set if the power line voltage drops below an acceptable amplitude Operation can continue but output voltage may not reach maximum specification m Temperature High TH Bit 2 this bit is set if the internal tempe
22. for the given conditions the cooling water must remain above 7 C 45 F to prevent condensation Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 16 CHAPTER 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 17 Chapter 3 Installation 3 1 General C CAUTION 3 2 Inspection and Unpacking This chapter provides general installation instructions for the Model 648 electromagnet power supply To ensure the best possible performance and maintain operator safety read this entire chapter before installing the instrument and applying power Serious hazards can exist when an instrument of this power capacity is used incorrectly If you do not understand any section of this manual consult Lake Shore for clarification Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc assumes no responsibility for damage or injuries incurred due to improper installation defeat of any ofthe safety features or misuse of this power supply Inspect shipping containers for external damage before opening them Photograph any container that has significant damage before opening it If there is visible damage to the contents of the container contact the shipping company and Lake Shore immediately preferably within five days of receipt of goods Keep all damaged shipping materials and contents until instructed to either return or discard them Open the shipping container and keep the container and shipping materials until all contents
23. have been accounted for Check off each item on the packing list as it is unpacked Instruments themselves may be shipped as several parts The items included with the Model 648 are described in the following list Contact Lake Shore immediately if there is a shortage of parts or accessories Lake Shore is not responsible for any missing items if not notified within 60 days of shipment Inspect all items for both visible and hidden damage that occurred during shipment If damage is found contact Lake Shore immediately for instructions on how to file a proper insurance claim Lake Shore products are insured against damage during shipment but a timely claim must be filed before Lake Shore will take further action Procedures vary slightly with shipping companies Keep all shipping materials and damaged contents until instructed to either return or discard them Ifthe instrument must be returned for recalibration replacement or repair a returned goods authorization RA number must be obtained from a factory representative prior to return The Lake Shore RA procedure is in section 6 12 Items Included with the Model 648 electromagnet power supply 1 Model 648 instrument 1 Model 648 User s Manual 1 analog I O mating connector 1 set of output terminal fasteners 1 wiring cover plate and screws shipped attached 1 2 pin detachable terminal block 2 4 pin detachable terminal blocks 1 8 pin detachable terminal block 2 hose clamps 1 output l
24. increase the scope of this limited warranty Some countries states or provinces do not allow limitations on an implied warranty so the above limitation or exclusion might not apply to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you might also have other rights that vary from country to country state to state or province to province Further with regard to the United Nations Convention for Inter national Sale of Goods CISC if CISG is found to apply in relation to this agreement which is specifically disclaimed by Lake Shore then this limited warranty excludes warranties that a the Product is fit for the purpose for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used b the Product is fit for any particular purpose expressly or impliedly made known to Lake Shore at the time of the conclusion of the contract c the Product is contained or packaged in a manner usual for such goods or in a manner adequate to preserve and protect such goods where it is shipped by someone otherthan a carrier hired by Lake Shore Lake Shore disclaims any warranties of technological value or of non infringement with respect to the Product and Lake Shore shall have no duty to defend indemnify or hold harmless you from and against any orall damages or costs incurred by you arising from the infringement of patents or trademarks or viola tion or copyrights by the Product THIS WARRANTY IS NOT TRANSFERRABLE This warranty is not transf
25. nade TRUE EPIS Ed 37 4 14 Internal Water acce e p bep dea suds cavers TENESTER Faatestered M ROOMS 38 4 15 Error Status Display 0c cece e rir aroki e emen 38 4 16 External Current Programming cece cence eee eme 39 4 17 LOCKING the Keypad vies sd cis orn hee sudan o rcr scald ha t b Er dud HER Ind 39 4 18 Computer Interface iris esercito i aE EAEE eee een 40 4 18 1 Changing IEEE 488 Interface Parameters ssssssssssssssssh 40 4 19 Default Parameter Values isses e 40 LM CET 41 5 2 TEEE 488 Inte td Ge uoces cad pater etre teme aede eate ee S 41 5 2 1 Changing IEEE 488 Interface Parameters 0 cece cece eee eee eee 42 5 2 2 Remote Local Operation 0 0 cece cece cece ence ee e menn 42 5 2 3 IEEE 488 Command Structure cece eee eee e eee ee en 42 5 2 3 1 Bus Control Commands sss 42 5 2 3 2 Common Commands ssssssssssssssssse een 43 5 2 3 3 Device Specific Commands cc cece cece cece eee e ee 43 5 2 3 4 Message SUN GS seccu re era E eben dr rre nh coe n Red ne 43 5 2 4 Status System Overview ssssssssssssssssssse eee 44 5 2 4 1 Condition Registers 2 0 0 0 cece cece cece eee ee 44 5 2 4 2 Event Registe Seeria iiinn EE E EE A EEE EAE 44 5274 3 Enable R gIStels cce ee ee Fer NR DE Rey Cer ee e Fi 44 5 2 4454 Status Byte Reglster iiis tee uot naa dx ao at d Ue ded us 46 5 2 4 5 Service Request Enable Register ssssssssssssss
26. nnn state O Unlock 1 Lock All 2 Lock Limits lt code gt Specifies lock out code Valid entries are 000 999 Locks out all front panel entry operations LOCK 1 123 term enables keypad lock and sets the code to 123 Keyboard Lock Query LOCK term lt state gt lt code gt term n nnn refer to command for description Magnet Water Mode Command MAGWTR lt mode gt term n lt mode gt 0 Manual Off 1 Manual On 2 Auto 3 Disabled MAGWTR 2 term places the magnet water mode to Auto which will automati cally control the magnet water valve based on the calculated output power Magnet Water Mode Query MAGWTR term lt mode gt term n refer to command for description IEEE Interface Mode Command MODE lt mode gt term n lt mode gt 0 local 1 remote 2 remote with local lockout MODE 2 term places the Model 648 into remote mode with local lockout Lake Shore Savor panics www lakeshore com 66 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation MODE Input Returned Format OPST Input Returned Format Remarks OPSTE Input Format Remarks OPSTE Input Returned Format OPSTR Input Returned Format Remarks RATE Input Format Remarks RATE Input Returned Format IEEE Interface Mode Query MODE term mode term n referto command for description Operational Status Query OPST term bit weighting term nnn The integer returned repre
27. section 5 3 The two interfaces share a common set of commands detailed in section 5 4 Only one interface can be used at a time The IEEE 488 interface is an instrumentation bus with hardware and programming standards that simplify instrument interfacing The Model 648 IEEE 488 interface complies with the IEEE 488 2 standard and incorporates its functional electrical and mechanical specifications unless otherwise specified in this manual All instruments on the interface bus perform one or more ofthe interface functions of Talker Listener or Bus Controller A Talker transmits data onto the busto other devices A Listener receives data from other devices through the bus The Bus Control ler designates to the devices on the bus which function to perform The Model 648 performs the functions of Talker and Listener but it cannot be a Bus Controller The Bus Controller is the digital computer that tells the Model 648 which functions to perform TABLE 5 1 defines the IEEE 488 capabilities and subsets for the Model 648 see anes SH1 Source handshake capability RL1 Complete remote local capability DC1 Full device clear capability DTO No device trigger capability C0 No system controller capability Basic Talker serial poll capability talk only is unaddressed to talk if addressed to listen LA Basic Listener unaddressed to listen if addressed to talk SR1 Service request capability AH1 Accept
28. segments are being used this setting will also limitthe ramp rate that can be set by a ramp segment Refer to section 4 9 to setup Ramp Seg ments Menu Navigation Max Settings EXter Maximum current ramp rate 0 0001 A s to 50 000 A s Default Enabled Interface Command RS The Model 648 provides power to control an external magnet water solenoid control valve The setup ofthe valve control is available in the magnet water menu The four menu selections are Auto On Off and Disabled with Auto being the default setting m Auto mode the water valve will be energized when the power in the magnet exceeds 200 W When the power drops below 200 W the valve will remain ener gized foran additional minute to remove any residual heat build up m On mode the valve will be energized whenever the power supply is on This fea ture can be used when the system is first installed to purge air from the water lines and magnet It can also be used to turn on the water in advance of a test to Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 38 CHAPTER 4 Operation 4 14 Internal Water 4 15 Error Status Display bring the magnettemperature to equilibrium The Off menu selection can be used to turn it off m Disabled mode the Model 648 assumes that no valve is installed and the line for magnet water status will not be displayed The magnet water flow switch is monitored whenever the water valve is energized It is also monitored continuousl
29. summary bits see Figure 5 6 Whenever a summary bit is set by an event register and its corresponding enable bit is set by the user bit 6 will set to generate a service request The Service Request Enable command SRE programs the Service Request Enable Register and the query command SRE reads it Reading the Service Request Enable Register will not clear it The register may be cleared by the user by sending SRE O 5 2 7 3 Using Service Request SRQ and Serial Poll When a Status Byte summary bit or MAV bit is enabled by the Service Request Enable Register and goes from 0 to 1 bit 6 RQS MSS of the status byte will be set This will send a service request SRQ interrupt message to the bus controller The user program may then direct the bus controller to serial poll the instruments on the bus to identify which one requested service the one with bit 6 set in its status byte Serial polling will automatically clear RQS ofthe Status Byte Register This allows sub sequent serial polls to monitor bit 6 for an SRQ occurrence generated by other event types After a serial poll the same event or any event that uses the same Status Byte summary bit will not cause another SRQ unlessthe event register that caused the first SRQ has been cleared typically by a query ofthe event register The serial poll does not clear MSS The MSS bit stays set until all enabled Status Byte summary bits are cleared typically by a query ofthe associated ev
30. when the instrument is operating Provide at least 25 mm 1 in of air space on each side for ventilation Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes Opera tion of any electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard Keep Away from Live Circuits Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers Refer component replace ment and internal adjustments to qualified maintenance personnel Do not replace components with power cable connected To avoid injuries always disconnect power and discharge circuits before touching them Do Not Substitute Parts or Modify Instrument Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the instrument Return the instrument to an authorized Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc rep resentative for service and repairto ensure that safety features are maintained Do not Use the Equipment In a Manner Not Specified If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the safety protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS CHAPTER 1 Introduction C CAUTION Direct current Alternating current Both direct and alternating current Three phase alternating current Earth ground terminal Protective conductor terminal Frame or chassis ground Prevent Cooling Water Condensation Do not operate the pow
31. where it was paused press again to 410 Zero output Ramps the current to 0 A at the programmed ramp rate 4 11 Remote Places the instrumentto Remote mode 5 2 2 Local Returns the instrument to Local mode if in Remote 5 2 2 TABLE 4 3 Model 648 key descriptions 4 5 1 General Keypad The Model 648 usesthree basic keypad operations direct operation setting selec Operation tion and data entry for the majority of operator interface A few specialized keypad operations such as ramp segment entry are described in the individual operation paragraphs m DirectOperation key functions occur immediately when the key is pressed Pause Ramp and Zero Output are examples of keys that operate this way m Setting Selection allows the userto select from a finite list of parameter values During setting selection use the A and Wkeys to select a parameter value Press Enterto accept the change and advance to the next parameter Press Escape to cancel the change to that parameter and return to the normal display Setting selection screens always include the message Select with A V m DataEntry allows you to enter numeric parameter values using the data entry keys that are printed on the key tops Data entry keys include numbers from O to 9 t sign and decimal point The labels printed above the keys describe the key function during normal operation When you press one of these keys and a data entry sequence is started the keys follow the data entry functions pr
32. 00 A s maximum into a resistive load Settling time 1 s for 10 step to within 1 mA of output into nominal load Harmonic distortion 0 1 Hz at 135 A sine wave into resistive load 0 0296 THD lt 10 Hz at 10 A sine wave into resistive load 0 3096 THD Attenuation 0 5 dB at 10 Hz external programming input Protection Short circuit line loss low line voltage high line voltage output over voltage output over current and overtemperature Connector Two lugs with 8 64 mm 0 34 in holes for M8 or 5 16 in bolts Internal current setting Resolution 1 0 mA 20 bit Settling time 600 ms for 1 step to within 1 mA of internal setting Accuracy 20 mA 0 05 of setting Operation Keypad computer interface Protection Programmable current setting limit Internal current ramp Ramp rate 0 1 mA s to 50 000 A s compliance limited Update rate 12 3 increments s Ramp segments 5 Operation Keypad computer interface Protection Programmable ramp rate limit External current programming Sensitivity 10 V 135 A Resolution Analog Accuracy 20 mA 41 of setting Input resistance 20 kO differential 50 KO common mode Operation Voltage program through rear panel can be summed with internal current setting Limits Internally clamped at 10 1 V and bandwidth limited 3 dB at 40 Hz 2 pole low pass filter Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 4 CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 9 3 Readings 1 9 4 Front Pan
33. 31 29 28 27 26 24 23 22 20 18 17 15 12 9 6 2 0 29 29 28 27 27 26 24 23 22 21 19 18 16 14 12 10 7 3 0 27 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 19 18 17 15 13 12 10 7 4 2 0 24 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 14 13 11 9 7 5 2 0 21 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 10 8 7 4 3 0 18 18 17 17 16 15 14 13 12 10 9 7 6 4 2 0 16 16 14 14 13 12 11 10 9 7 2 0 TABLE 2 1 Dew point calculation in degrees Celsius Relative Humidity er 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 90 90 88 87 85 83 81 79 76 74 71 68 65 52 59 54 49 43 36 32 85 85 83 81 80 78 76 74 72 69 67 64 61 58 54 50 45 38 32 80 80 78 77 75 73 71 69 67 65 62 59 56 53 50 45 40 35 32 75 75 73 72 70 68 66 64 62 60 58 55 52 49 45 41 36 32 70 70 68 67 65 63 61 59 57 55 53 50 47 44 40 37 32 65 65 63 62 60 59 57 55 53 50 48 45 42 40 36 32 60 60 58 57 55 53 52 50 48 45 43 41 38 35 32 TABLE 2 2 Dew point calculation in degrees Fahrenheit Example Determine the actual air temperature and relative humidity Find the closest air temperature in the left hand column and the closest relative humidity across the top If the air temperature is 24 C 75 F and the relative humidity is 35 the intersection ofthe two shows a dew point of 7 C 45 F Therefore
34. 4 21 2 135 0 2485 8 5 M 28 ft TABLE 3 3 Current capacity and total lead lengths OUTPUT 135A 76 V MAXIMUM Ui z a cm A FIGURE 3 13 Output cable connection Right Output lug cover installation Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 10 Analog Input Output Connections 3 10 1 External Current Programming 3 10 2 Output Current and Voltage Monitors 3 11 Computer Interface 3 11 1 USB Interface Connection 3 10 1 ExternalCurrentProgramming 29 The analog I O connector provides connections to analog signals used to monitor or control the power supply A current program input is provided to control the current output Two outputs are also provided to monitor the output current and the output voltage The connector and pin outtable is shown in FIGURE 3 14 and TABLE 3 4 Specific information on each function is provided in section 3 10 1 and section 3 10 2 A ANALOG I O FIGURE 3 14 Analog I O connector 9 NC 1 NC 2 Chassis 10 Chassis 3 Current program 11 Current program 4 Chassis 12 Chassis 5 Voltage monitor 13 Voltage monitor 6 Chassis 14 Chassis 7 Current monitor 15 Current monitor 8 Chassis TABLE 3 4 Model 648 analog output connector The output current can be programmed externally using an AC or DC voltage This programming voltage can also be summed with the internal current setting or ramp Referto section 4 16
35. 7 Typical curves of field vs current for 4 inch pole face on the EM10 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 2 5 3 OperationUnderField Control 15 2 5 3 Operation Under To obtain a linear field ramp a magnetic sensor such as a Hall probe is placed in the Field Control airgap along with the sample being tested The sensor is connected to a gaussmeter The output ofthe gaussmeter is used to correct the programming input to the power supply In this way non linearity can be corrected Lakeshore manufactures probes and gaussmeters for this purpose 2 5 4 Avoiding Cooling If the temperature of the cooling water is too cool relative to the air temperature and Water Condensation humidity condensation can occur Condensation inside the power supply can cause severe damage To avoid condensation the power supply operator must remain cognizant ofthe ambient air temperature cooling water temperature and the relative humidity Lake Shore defines the limits of these conditions as follows m ambient temperature 18 28 C 64 82 F m cooling water temperature 15 25 C 59 77 F m humidity 20 80 non condensing Knowing the actual state of these conditions the operator can calculate the dew point or temperature at which condensation will occur TABLE 2 1 and TABLE 2 2 are included to aid in dew point calculation Relative Humidity EC 100 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 32 32 31
36. C is sent this bit will be set when the instrument has completed all pending operations The operation of this bit is not related to the OPC command which is a separate interface feature section 5 2 7 6 anderen v ps esa 9 2r reges Status Register ESR Bit Name To bit 5 ESB of Status Byte Register see Figure 5 1 StandadEvet 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bi Status Ee e M m vm ESE ESE Pow ome exe s ave s orc nane FIGURE 5 3 Standard event status register 5 2 5 2 Operation Event Register Set The Operation Event Register reports the following instrument events ramp done compliance Any or all of these events may be reported in the operation event sum mary bit through the enable register see Figure 5 3 The Operation Event Enable command OPSTE programs the enable register and the query command OPSTE reads it OPSTR reads the Operation Event Register OPST reads and clears the Oper ation Condition register The used bits of the Operation Event Register are described as follows m Power Limit Bit 2 this bit is set if the output is in power limit m Ramp Done Bit 1 this bit is set when the output current ramp is completed m Compliance Bit 0 this bit is set if the output is in compliance limit Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 2 6 StatusSystem Detail ErrorStatus RegisterSets 49 Operation Condition Register OPST et 6 S 4 3 2
37. Installation 6 3 2 Existing Installation No Longer Working 6 3 3 Intermittent Lockups 6 4 Fuse Drawer This section provides IEEE interface troubleshooting for issues that arise with new installations old installations and intermittent lockups OB WN NP Check the instrument address Always send a message terminator Send the entire message string at one time including the terminator Send only one simple command ata time until communication is established Be sure to spell commands correctly and use proper syntax Attempt both Talk and Listen functions If one works but not the other the hard ware connection is working so look at syntax terminator and command format Powerthe instrument off then on again to see ifitis a soft failure Power the computer off then on again to see if the IEEE card is locked up Verify that the address has not been changed on the instrument during a memory reset Check all cable connections Check cable connections and length Increase the delay between all commands to 50 ms to make sure the instrument is not being overloaded The fuse drawer supplied with the Model 648 holds the instrument line fuses and line voltage selection module The drawer holds two 10 30 mm x 38 mm 0 41 in x 1 5 in time delay fuses It requires two good fuses of the same rating to operate safely Refer to section 6 7 for instructions to exchange fuses Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply FIGURE 6 1 F
38. NTWTR 2 term Places the internal water mode to Auto which will automatically control the power supply water valve based on the internal power dissipation and temperature Internal Water Mode Query INTWTR term mode term n Refer to command for description Keypad Status Query KEYST term nn code term Returns a number descriptor of the last key pressed since the last KEYST Returns 01 after initial power up Returns OO if no key is pressed since last query Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply LIMIT Input Format Remarks LIMIT Input Returned Format LOCK Input Format Remarks Example LOCK Input Returned Format MAGWTR Input Format Example MAGWTR Input Returned Format MODE Input Format Example 5 4 CommandSummary 65 Limit Output Settings Command LIMIT lt current gt lt rate gt term nnn nnn rnn nnnn current Specifies the maximum output current setting allowed O A through 135 100 A rate Specifies the maximum output current ramp rate setting allowed 0 0001 A s through 50 000 A s Sets the upper setting limits for output current compliance voltage and output cur rent ramp rate This is a software limit that will limitthe settings to these maximum values Limit Output Settings Query LIMIT term current rate term nnn nnn nn nnnn referto command for description Keyboard Lock Command LOCK state code term n
39. Not Not Not Not Not PRU RAMP COMP Bit Operation Event Register OPSTR To Bit 7 OSB of Operation Status Byte Register Figure 5 1 Event Enable 7 T6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Bit see Register Not Not Not Not Not OPSTE PRL Rav COMP Name OPSTE FIGURE 5 4 Operation event register 5 2 6 Status System As shown in Figure 5 1 there are two register sets in the error status system of the Detail Error Status Model 642 Hardware Error Status Register and Operational Error Status Register Register Sets 5 2 6 1 Hardware Error Status Register Set The Hardware Error Status Register reports the following instrument hardware error events temperature fault output over voltage output over current DAC processor not responding output control failure and output stage protect Any or all of these events may be reported in the standard event summary bit through the enable regis ter see Figure 5 4 The Hardware Error Status Register is the first value of the two val ues associated with the Error Status Registers The Error Status Enable command ERSTE programs the enable register and the query command ERSTE reads it ERSTR reads and clears the Error Status Register The used bits of the Error Status Event Register are described as follows m Output Stage Protect OSP Bit 5 this bit is set if the output stage protection is enabled This may be a recoverable error or it may indicate a hardware failure m Temperature Fa
40. RETREDPOIN YF EE ERORCER EY P RU EY YR 24 3 4 7 Mains WINS cuoi rptet e ERE RN ERE UEM SA E XR ge PORA EET EYE 25 3 5 Magnet COne LOL uic io e et IR X eben aie ds ntes ore dear RET NE 25 3 6 Auxiliary CONMECTOL 6 eee cece cece iiai eee eee ehe eene ees 25 3 7 Power Supply Connector sssesssssssssssseee eee memes een 26 3 8 Cooling Walter ceca venders bee ns auld TRI DERE RE RU rA RU RR UON Ens 26 3 9 Magnet Cable Connections isses e eene 28 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS Chapter 4 Operation Chapter 5 Computer Interface Operation 3 10 Analog Input Output Connections 1 1 6 cece cece cece e 29 3 10 1 External Current Programming 0c cece cence eee m n 29 3 10 2 Output Current and Voltage Monitors ssssssssssee 29 3 11 7Computer Interface rni eer pea EXER OC Ubri er aea EDU EU 29 3111 USB Interface Connection e tox Eee ri eere e ERR PC Ra 29 3 11 2 IEEE 488 Interface Connection cece cece eee eee ee 30 3 12 Chassis CONNECUON ii nincersde dacs RE TEPIERREACUR E ERR ERASUR HERD EIAS 30 3 12 1 3 Phase Power Connections cece eee eee en 30 3 12 2 Attach the Floor Mounting Option sss 30 APA General Rm 31 4 1 1 Understanding Menu Navigation ccc ceeee eee e eee eee eeeeaee ees 31 A 2 MURMIMNE POWEIOFN Ms es serere Cette bid womb ds RO DARE EURED NE EE Ede 31 4 3 Display Definition cesset rete een hene tnt hr ni a fe He RIXA RD ERA
41. The power supply flow switch connection loop is not closed The output setting is set to O A and no current entry will be allowed Once the loop is closed press Status or send ERCL over the computer interface to clear the error Magnet flow switch fault detected The magnet flow switch connection loop is not closed The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed Oncethe loop is closed press Status or send ERCL overthe computer interface to clearthe error High line voltage detected The output stage voltage Out Stg V is greater than 85 V The most likely cause is a power main voltage that is too high This error will clear when the power main voltage is within specified tolerances Continued operation is allowed but may not be optimal Low line voltage detected The output stage voltage Out Stg V is less than 75 V The most likely cause is a power main voltage that is too low This error will clear when the power mains voltage is within specified tolerances Continued operation is allowed but may not be optimal Internal temperature high Cold plate temperature is over 40 C The output setting is set to O Aand no current entry will be allowed The error will clear when the cold plate temperature falls below 40 C This may indicate low cooling waterflow or high water temperature External current program error The instrument was not allowed to change to external or sum current programmin
42. User s Manual Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc 575 McCorkle Blvd Westerville Ohio 43082 8888 USA sales lakeshore com service lakeshore com www lakeshore com Fax 614 891 1392 Telephone 614 891 2243 Methods and apparatus disclosed and described herein have been developed solely on company funds of Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc No government or other contractual support or relationship whatsoever has existed which in any way affects or mitigates proprietary rights of Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc in these developments Methods and apparatus disclosed herein may be subject to U S Patents existing or applied for Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc reserves the right to add improve modify or withdraw functions design modifications or products at any time without notice Lake Shore shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with furnishing performance or use of this material Rev 1 3 P N 119 058 30 April 2015 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS LIMITED WARRANTY STATEMENT WARRANTY PERIOD THREE 3 YEARS Lake Shore warrants that products manufactured by Lake Shore the Product will be free from defects in materials and work manship for three years from the date of Purchaser s physical receipt of the Product the Warranty Period If Lake Shore receives notice of any such defects during the Warranty Period and
43. age compliance limit The voltage compliance LED may light during the change The Model 648 offers a maximum setting limit for output current and ramp rate Typ ical properties ofthe magnet will dictate these parameters These maximum parame ters should be entered before the magnet system is used to prevent damage Maximum Output Current limits the output current that can be entered when using the Output Setting key This setting will only limitthe internal output current setting If the output current is being programmed by an external voltage then some external provision must be madeto insure thatthe programming voltage will never exceed the desired output current Refer to section 4 16 to setup the External Current Program ming mode To set the maximum output current limit press Max Settings The first maximum set ting screen appears as a prompt for the maximum output current limit The maximum output current limit value can be set as high as 135 1000 A This can be used to compensate for variances in calibration The output current is guaranteed to reach a minimum of 135 A into a 0 5 Q load but it may not be able to reach 135 1 Ain all circumstances Menu Navigation Max Settings 0 0000 A to 135 0000 A Default 0 0000 Interface Command SETI Maximum Current Ramp Rate limits the maximum current ramp rate that can be entered using the Ramp Rate key This setting will only limitthe internal output cur rent ramp setting If ramp
44. and rating specified for the line voltage selected Use this procedure to change the power line fuses Identify the power wiring access panel on the rear of the Model 648 Turn the front panel line power switch off Remove mains power from the Model 648 fusing the disconnect switch Remove the perimeter screws holding the power wiring access panel Locate the two fuse holder assemblies as shown in FIGURE 6 2 and in FIGURE 6 5 Pull open the access door to remove a fuse 7 Checkthe fuse for continuity Replace fuse s if necessary Fuses should be replaced in pairs Fuses are inserted small end first as shown FIGURE 6 5 8 Closethe fuse access door s 9 Replacethe wiring access panel using all perimeter screws uide oU mp D Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 74 CHAPTER 6 Service 6 8 Factory Reset Menu 6 8 1 Default Values 6 9 Error Messages 6 9 1 Types of Error Messages FIGURE 6 5 Fuse drawer It is sometimes necessary to reset instrument parameter values or clear the contents of curve memory Both are stored in nonvolatile memory called NOVRAM but they can be cleared individually Instrument calibration is not affected except for room temperature calibration which should be recalibrated after parameters are set to default values or any time the thermocouple curve is changed The factory defaults can be reset and the user curves cleared using the Factory Reset menu To access the Facto
45. at is query mnemonic gt lt gt lt space gt lt parameter data gt lt terminator gt Query mnemonics are often the same as commands with the addition of a question mark Parameter data is often unnecessary when sending queries Query mnemonics and parameter data if necessary is described in section 5 4 A terminator must be sent with every message string Issuing a query does not initiate a response from the instrument Aresponse string is sent by the instrument only when it is addressed as a talker and the computer becomes the listener The instrument will respond only to the last query it receives The response can be a reading value status report or the present value of a parameter Response data formats are listed along with the associated queries in section 5 4 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 44 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation 5 2 4 Status System The Model 648 implements a status system compliant with the IEEE 488 2 standard Overview The status system provides a method of recording and reporting instrument informa tion and istypically used to control the Service Request SRQ interrupt line A dia gram ofthe status system is shown in FIGURE 5 1 The status system is made up of status register sets the Status Byte register and the Service Request Enable register Each register set consists of three types of registers condition event and enable 5 2 4 1 Condition Registers Each register set excep
46. cluding the terminator Many ter minal emulation programs do not Send only one simple command ata time until communication is established Be sure to spell commands correctly and use proper syntax Powerthe instrument off then on again to see ifitis a soft failure Powerthe computer off then on again to see if communication port is locked up Check all cable connections Check that the com port assignment has not been changed In Microsoft Windows the com port number can be checked using Device Manager under Ports COM amp LPT Check that the USB driver is installed properly and that the device is functioning In Microsoft Windows the device status can be checked using Device Manager by right clicking Lake Shore Model 648 electromagnet power supply under Ports COM amp LPT or Other Devices and then clicking Properties Check cable connections and length Increase the delay between all commands to 100 ms to make sure the instru ment is not being overloaded Ensure that the USB cable is not unplugged and that the Model 648 is not pow ered down while the com port is open The USB driver creates a com port when the USB connection is detected and removes the com port when the USB connec tion is no longer detected Removing the com port while in use by software can cause the software to lock up or crash Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 70 CHAPTER 6 Service 6 3 IEEE Interface Troubleshooting 6 3 1 New
47. core boa raa mele ERRARE E qe da 54 5 3 3 1 Installing the Driver From Windows Update in Windows Vista and Windows 79 0 ccc cece cece eee e ee eeee 55 5 3 3 2 Installing the Driver From Windows Update in Windows XP 55 5 3 3 3 Installing the Driver From the Web cece cece eee eeees 55 5 3 3 3 1 Download the driver ice pe ER eR E EIS iun 55 5 3 3 3 2 Extract the driver usce p E OH E DIE XE Ra eR E xaO DRREG RE 55 5 3 3 3 3 Manually install the driver 0 cece eee cece eee e nee 56 5 3 3 4 Installing the USB Driver from the Included CD 57 5 3 4 COMMUNICATION i o rer PR XXE yk e Ya esu EEE ean es 58 5 3 4 1 Character Format ccc cece cece cece e eee eee ns 58 5 3 4 2 Message STINES iussisse cereo EP ERERUBOEPE ER ERECOUEI EE NES 58 5 3 5 Message Flow Control sssssssssssssssssssssssese eee 58 5 4 Command SUMMALY crrr ier iriran restorn ERRARE P a RUE CU Y LORI ERR 59 6 1 Generali REPE 69 6 2 USB Troubleshooting cee tinari Ear Er I eme ens 69 6 2 1 New Installation 0 cece cece e teen ener ees 69 6 2 2 Existing Installation No Longer Working csse 69 6 2 3 Intermittent Lockups 6 cece mee e eee ee 69 6 3 IEEE Interface Troubleshooting c cece cece cece n 70 6 3 1 New Installation 2 0 0 0 ccc cece cece eme eene 70 6 3 2 Existing Installation No Longer Working ccc cece cece nett ee ee
48. current is ramped to zero Flow switch monitoring depends on water valve mode setting See section 4 13 and section 4 14 for details Given the cost of the magnet it is prudent to use both temperature and flow switches Some installations use two flow switches one in the exhaust line of each coil so that if a clog occurs in only one coil it can be detected FIGURE 2 4 shows the typical flow and temperature switch connection amp CAUTION Care must be used in the selection of the flow switch Some switches use a sensitive reed switch which can be overpowered by stray flux from the magnet and will not open when the magnet is operating at high field The flow switch must be tested by turning off the water while the magnet is operating at full current Thermal switch To Model 648 magnet connector flow switch contacts Flow switch P To Model 648 magnet connector valve contacts Water valve i Inlet Outlet FIGURE 2 4 Typical thermal switch flow switch and valve wiring 2 4 4 Cooling Water The cooling water for the magnet can be drawn from the municipal water facility or and Water Valve from a dedicated re circulating water chiller designed for this purpose When water is drawn from the municipal water facility the water should be turned on only when it is required to reduce consumption and reduce the likelihood of scale build up and condensation in the magnet The water can be turned on and off manually when the magnet is
49. d the message terminator 5 3 4 2 Message Strings A message string is a group of characters assembled to perform an interface function There are three types of message strings commands queries and responses The computer issues command and query strings through user programs the instrument issues responses Two or more command or query strings can be chained together in one communication but they must be separated by a semi colon The total com munication string must not exceed 255 characters in length A command string is issued by the computer and instructs the instrument to perform a function or change a parameter setting The format is command mnemonic gt lt space gt lt parameter data gt lt terminators gt Command mnemonics and parameter data necessary for each one is described in section 5 4 Terminators must be sent with every message string A query string is issued by the computer and instructs the instrument to send a response The query format is query mnemonic gt lt gt lt space gt lt parameter data gt lt terminators gt Query mnemonics are often the same as commands with the addition of a question mark Parameter data is often unnecessary when sending queries Query mnemonics and parameter data if necessary is described in section 5 4 Terminators must be sent with every message string The computer should expect a response very soon after a query is sent Aresponse string is the instrument s respon
50. dows provides built in support for ZIP archives If this support is disabled a third party application such as WinZip or 7 Zip must be used Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 56 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation For Windows Vista and Windows 79 1 Right click on the file and click extract all 2 AnExtract Compressed Zipped Folders dialog box will appear It is recom mended the default folder is not changed Take note ofthis folder location 3 Clickto clearthe Show extracted files when complete checkbox and click Extract For Windows XP 1 Right click on the file and click extract all 2 The Extraction wizard will appear Click Next 3 Itisrecommended to keep the same default folder Take note of this folder loca tion and click Next 4 An Extraction complete message will be displayed Click to clear the Show extracted files checkbox and click Finish 5 3 3 3 3 Manually install the driver Manually installing drivers differ between versions of Windows The following sections describe how to manually install the driver using Windows Vista and XP To install the driver you must be logged into a user account that has administrator privileges For Windows Vista and Windows 79 1 Connectthe USB cable from the Model 648 to the computer 2 Turn on the Model 648 3 Ifthe Found New Hardware wizard appears click Ask me again later 4 Open Device Manager Use this procedure to open Device Manag
51. e Equipment serviced out of warranty will be returned FOB Lake Shore Lake Shore reserves the right to charge a restocking fee for items returned for exchange or reimbursement Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply
52. e front panel The Model 648 has two keypad lock modes m Lock All mode locks out changes to all parameters m Lock Limits mode locks out changes to all of the parameters except Output Setting Ramp Rate Zero Output and Pause Ramp This allows the power supply to be operated without allowing any changes to the power supply setup A 3 digit code must be used to lock and unlock the keypad The factory default code is 123 and it can only be changed using a computer interface If the instrument param eters are reset to default values section 4 19 the code is reset to the factory default The instrument parameters cannot be reset to default values from the front panel when the keypad is locked If you attempt to change a parameter while the keypad is locked you will receive this message Change not allowed while keypad is locked The computer interface has a remote operation mode that could be mistaken for a locked keypad If the front panel remote LED is lit press Local to change to local control of the instrument Once the keypad lock mode has been selected the keypad lock code must be entered to accept the change Use the data entry keys to enter the 3 digit lock code default 123 An asterisk will appear on the display for each number entered If the code entered matches the lock code the display will show Change Accepted and the key pad lock mode will be updated If the code entered does not match the lock code the display wi
53. e measurement current programming ramp rate magnet water status internal water status program mode and internal temperature Other display configurations appear during parameter setting and data entry operations These displays are illustrated in their individual operation para graphs A typical display is shown in FIGURE 4 3 FIGURE 4 3 Model 648 display There are five LED annunciators on the front panel that are used to indicate the status ofthe instrument These provide easy verification of the operation ofthe instrument FIGURE 4 4 shows locations of the LEDs Fault On when a hardware fault condition exists blinking when a soft fault condition exists Compliance On when the maximum compliance voltage is reached Power limit On when the power in internal devices reaches the maximum limit Ramping On when the output current is ramping blinking when ramp is paused Remote On when the instrument is in remote computer interface mode TABLE 4 2 Model 648 LED descriptions Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 4 4 1 Fault LED 4 4 2 Compliance LED 4 4 3 Power Limit LED 4 4 4 Ramping LED 4 4 5 Remote LED 4 5 Keypad Definition 4 4 1 FaultLED 33 The fault LED lights when an error condition is encountered It may also be accompa nied by an alarm depending on the fault TABLE 6 2 and TABLE 6 3 defines hardware and operational errors The compliance LED lights when the maximum output voltage is reached Th
54. el 1 9 5 Interface Connector Shared 15 pin D sub Output current Resolution 1 0 mA Accuracy 20 mA 0 05 of rdg Update rate 2 5 rdg s display 10 rdg s interface Output voltage at supply terminals Resolution 1 0 mV Accuracy 10 mV 0 05 of rdg Update rate 2 5 rdg s display 5 rdg s interface Display type 8 line by 40 character graphic vacuum fluorescent display module Display readings Output current output voltage and internal water temperature Display settings Output current and ramp rate Display annunciators Status and error conditions LED annunciators Fault Compliance Power Limit Ramping Remote Audible annunciator Errors and faults Keypad type 20 full travel keys Keypad functions Direct access to common operations menu driven setup Power Green flush ON and red extended OFF push buttons IEEE 488 2 interface Features SH1 AH1 T5 L4 SR1 RL1 PPO DC1 DTO CO E1 Reading rate To 10 rdg s Software support National Instruments LabVIEW driver consult Lake Shore for availability USB interface Function Emulates a standard RS 232 serial port Baud rate 57 600 Reading rate To 10 rdg s Connector Type B USB connector Software support National Instruments LabVIEW driver consult Lake Shore for availability Output current monitor Sensitivity 7 V 135 A Accuracy 1 of full scale Noise 5 mV RMS Source impedance 20 O Connector Shared 15 pin D sub Output voltage monitor
55. el 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 220 VAC 648 230 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 230 VAC 648 380 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 380 VAC 648 400 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 400 VAC 648 415 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 415 VAC All specifications are subject to change without notice TABLE 1 1 Model 648 6051 Terminal block 4 pin 6052 Terminal block 8 pin 6252 15 pin D sub mating connector analog 1 0 Hose clamps Power cable strain relief power cable not included Calibration certificate MAN Model 648 Model 648 user manual TABLE 1 2 Model 648 accessories included Part number Description 6043 Water valve CAL 648 CERT Instrument recalibration with certificate CAL 648 DATA Instrument recalibration with certificate and data All specifications are subject to change without notice TABLE 1 3 Model 648 accessories available 6201 1m 3 3 ft long IEEE 488 GPIB computer interface cable assembly Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 1 12 Safety Summary and Symbols 1 12 SafetySummaryand Symbols 7 Observe these general safety precautions during all phases of instrument operation service and repair Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warn ings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design manufacture and intended instrument use Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc assumes no liability for Cus tomer failure to comply with t
56. ent register section 5 2 7 4 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 2 7 Status System Detail Status Byte Register and Service Request SRQ 53 The programming example in TABLE 5 4 initiates an SRQ when a command error is detected by the instrument The programming example in Table 5 3 initiates an SRQ when a command erroris detected by the instrument Command or operation Description ESR Read and clear the Standard Event Status Register ESE 32 Enable the Command Error CME bit in the Standard Event Status Register SRE 32 Enable the Event Summary Bit ESB to set the RQS ABC Send improper command to instrument to generate a command error Monitor bus Monitorthe bus until the Service Request interrupt SRQ is sent Serial Poll the bus to determine which instrument sent the interrupt and clear the RQS bit in the Status Byte Read and clear the Standard Event Status Register allowing an SRQ to be generated on another command error Initiate Serial Poll ESR TABLE 5 4 Programming example to generate an SRQ 5 2 7 4 Using Status Byte Query STB The Status Byte Query STB command is similar to a Serial Poll except it is pro cessed like any other instrument command The STB command returns the same result as a Serial Poll except that the Status Byte bit 6 RQS MSS is not cleared In this case bit 6 is considered the MSS bit Using the STB command does not clear any bits in the Status Byte Reg
57. er a Clickthe Windows Start button and type Device Manager in the Start Search box b Clickonthe Device Manager link in the Search Results Under Programs dialog box C IfUserAccount Control is enabled click Continue on the User Account Control prompt eal Click View and ensure the Devices by Type check box is selected In the main window of Device Manager locate Other Devices in the list of device types In many instances this will be between Network adapters and Ports COM amp LPT If the Other Devices item is not already expanded click the icon Lake Shore Model 648 should appear indented underneath Other Devices If it is not displayed as Lake Shore Model 648 it might be displayed as USB Device If neither are displayed click Action and then Scan for hardware changes which may open the Found New Hardware wizard automatically If the Found New Hardware wizard opens click Cancel 7 Right click on Lake Shore Model 648 and click Update Driver Software 8 Click Browse my computer for driver software 9 Click Browse and select the location of the extracted driver 10 Ensure the Include subfolders check box is selected and click Next 11 When the driver finishes installing a confirmation message stating Windows has successfully updated your driver software should appear Click Close to com plete the installation D For Windows XP 1 Connect the USB cable from the Model 648 to the computer 2 Turn on t
58. er Supply 6 1 General 6 2 USB Troubleshooting 6 2 1 New Installation 6 2 2 Existing Installation No Longer Working 6 2 3 Intermittent Lockups 6 2 1 NewInstallation 69 9I Chapter 6 Service This chapter provides basic service information for the Model 648 electromagnet power supply Customer service ofthe productis limited to the information presented in this chapter Factory trained service personnel should be consulted if the instrument requires repair This section provides USB interface troubleshooting for issues that arise with new installations existing installations and intermittent lockups gy un BOUE Check that the instruments interface is set to USB Check that the USB driver is installed properly and that the device is functioning In Microsoft Windows the device status can be checked using Device Manager by right clicking Lake Shore Model 648 electromagnet power supply under Ports COM amp LPT or Other Devices and then clicking Properties Refer to section 5 3 3 for details on installing the USB driver Check that the correct com port is being used In Microsoft Windows the com port number can be checked using Device Manager under Ports COM amp LPT Check that the correct settings are being used for communication Refer to section 5 3 3 for details on installing the USB driver Check cable connections and length Send the message terminator Send the entire message string at one time in
59. er supply when cooling water temperature is at or lower than the dew point for local atmospheric conditions Condensation on cooling water lines inside the power supply can cause severe damage Refer to section 2 5 4 for addi tional details Cleaning Do not submerge instrument Clean only with a damp cloth and mild detergent Exte rior only Moving and Handling Casters are installed on the base to allow the unit to be rolled around Four lifting lugs are provided for ease of moving and handling the Model 648 Always use all four lift ing lugs when lifting the unit Because of its weight the Model 648 should be handled by mechanical means To avoid injury to personnel always observe proper lifting techniques in accordance with OSHA and other regulatory agencies On supply Off supply Equipment protected throughout by double insulation or reinforced insulation equivalent to Class II of IEC 536 see Annex H CAUTION risk of electric shock CAUTION or WARNING Refer to instrument documentation ee AO Fuse FIGURE 1 2 Safety symbols Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply SI Chapter 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation 2 1 General This chapter provides the user insight into the design installation and operation of a typical electromagnet For information on how to install the Model 648 please refer to Chapter 3 For Model 648 operation information refer to Chapter 4 2 2 Major A magnet used wit
60. erable Except to the extent prohibited by applicable law neither Lake Shore nor any of its subsidiaries affiliates or suppliers will be held liable for direct special incidental consequential or other damages including lost profit lost data or downtime costs arising out ofthe use inability to use or result of use ofthe prod uct whether based in warranty contract tort or other legal the ory regardless whether or not Lake Shore has been advised of the possibility of such damages Purchaser s use ofthe Product is entirely at Purchaser s risk Some countries states and prov inces do not allow the exclusion of liability for incidental or con sequential damages so the above limitation may not apply to you This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights that vary within or between jurisdic tions where the product is purchased and or used Some juris dictions do notallow limitation in certain warranties and so the above limitations or exclusions of some warranties stated above may not apply to you Except to the extent allowed by applicable law the terms ofthis limited warranty statement do not exclude restrict or modify the mandatory statutory rights applicable to the sale of the product to you CERTIFICATION Lake Shore certifies that this product has been inspected and tested in accordance with its published specifications and that this product met its published specifications at
61. f 76 2 mm 3 in of shock adsorbent packing material should be placed snugly on all sides ofthe instrument in a sturdy wooden crate Please use reasonable care when removing the electromagnet power supply from its protective packaging and inspect it carefully for damage If it shows any sign of damage please file a claim with the carrier immediately Do not destroy the shipping container it will be required by the carrier as evidence to support claims Call Lake Shore for return and repair instructions All equipment returns must be approved by a member of the Lake Shore Service Department The service engineer will use the information provided in the service request form and will issue an RMA This number is necessary for all returned equipment It must be clearly indicated on both the shipping carton s and any correspondence relating to the shipment Once the RMA has been approved you will receive appropriate documents and instructions for shipping the equipment to Lake Shore RMAs are valid for 60 days from issuance however we suggest that equipment needing repair be shipped to Lake Shore within 30 days after the RMA has been issued You will be contacted if we do not receive the equipment within 30 days after the RMA is issued The RMA will be cancelled if we do not receive the equipment after 60 days All shipments to Lake Shore are to be made prepaid by the customer Equipment serviced under warranty will be returned prepaid by Lake Shor
62. f device specific commands to program instruments remotely from a digital computer and to transfer measurements to the computer Most device specific com mands perform functions also performed from the front panel Model 648 device spe cific commands are detailed in section 5 4 and summarized in TABLE 5 7 5 2 3 4 Message Strings A message string is a group of characters assembled to perform an interface function There are three types of message strings commands queries and responses The computer issues command and query strings through user programs and the instru ment issues responses Two or more command strings or queries can be chained together in one communication but they must be separated by a semi colon The total communication string must not exceed 255 characters in length A command string is issued by the computer and instructs the instrument to perform afunction or change a parameter setting When a command is issued the computer is acting astalker and the instrument as listener The format is command mnemonic gt lt space gt lt parameter data gt lt terminator gt Command mnemonics and parameter data necessary for each one is described in section 5 4 A terminator must be sent with every message string Aquery string is issued by the computer and instructsthe instrument which response to send Queries are issued similar to commands with the computer acting as talker and the instrument as listener The query form
63. failure OOV Output over voltage To sheet OOC Output over current 1 of 2 OSP Output stage protect enon Status 7 e T5 T4 L3 T2 T 0 pet Not ERSTE ERSTE uses ises OSP TF Dac ocF oov ooc Name coat a OO a Tor ro en ERST Name Error Status Event Register ERSTR Operational Errors REF Remote enable fault PFF Power supply flow switch fault MFF Magnet flow switch fault To HLV High line voltage sheet LLV Low line voltage 1 of 2 TH Temperature high EPE External current program error CAL Calibration error Error Status Enable Register ERSTE ERSTE p7 Peps tat sett f0 pst ero erp av ms ere Non FIGURE 5 2 Model 648 status system image 2 of 2 5 2 4 4 Status Byte Register The Status Byte register typically referred to as the Status Byte is a non latching read only register that contains all of the summary bits from the register sets The status of the summary bits are controlled from the register sets as explained in section 5 2 4 1 to section 5 2 4 3 The Status Byte also contains the Request for Ser vice RQS Master Summary Status MSS bit This bit is used to control the Service Request hardware line on the bus and to report if any of the summary bits are set via the STB command The status of the RQS MSS bit is controlled by the summary bits and the Service Request Enable Register Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 2 5 Status System Detail Status Regi
64. fault 0 0000 A Interface Command SETI The output current of the Model 648 will always ramp from one current setting to another There is no way to turn offthe current ramping function but if a very fast ramp rate is desired a ramp rate as high as 50 000 A s can be entered Menu Navigation Ramp Rate 0 0001 to 50 000 Default 50 0000 A s Interface Command RATE Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 36 CHAPTER 4 Operation 4 9 Ramp Segments 4 9 1 Setting Up the Ramp Segments Table 4 10 Pause Output The magnetic field produced by electromagnets is not linear with the current setting The best way to compensate for this is to use closed loop field control but if absolute accuracy is not necessary then some ofthis nonlinearity can be corrected by the use ofthe ramp segments feature The ramp segments feature can be used to increase the current ramp rate as the mag net saturates in an attempt to maintain the same field ramp rate This feature can change the output current ramp rate based on the output current setting As the out put setting ramps through the segment boundary the new ramp rate will be used although it will still be limited by the maximum ramp rate setting Refer to section 4 12 2 to set the maximum ramp rate To enable ramp segments press Ramp Segments The first ramp segments setup screen appears as a prompt for the ramp segments mode Menu Navigation Ramp Segments gt Enable Disab
65. g modes including power up because the programming voltage was greaterthan 0 025 V This error can be cleared when the programming voltage is less than 0 025 V orthe instrumentis changed to internal current programming mode Calibration invalid The instrument has either not been calibrated or calibration data has been corrupted Press both ESC and Enter simultane ously to clear the error at any time The instrument can still be used in this state but there is no guarantee that it is operating within specifications The instrument must be recalibrated to properly correct this error condition 6 10 Calibration Procedure TABLE 6 3 Operational errors Instrument calibration can be obtained through Lake Shore Service Refer to section 6 12 for technical inquiries and contact information Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 76 CHAPTER 6 Service 6 11 Connector and Cable Definitions 6 11 1 Analog I O Connector 6 11 2 Magnet Water Connector All non power electrical connections to the rear of the Model 648 are detailed in this section The analog I O connector provides the connections for the external programming voltage as well as analog representations of the current and voltage output levels Although these inputs outputs are electronically balanced to minimize ground loops the common mode voltage should not exceed 5 Von the outputs and 2 V on the input P0 ANALOG I O FIGURE 6 6 Analog I O c
66. h the Model 648 electromagnet power supply typically has an iron Components ofthe pole twin coil 7 in or 10 in pole diameter variable airgap and is water cooled Larger magnets can be used depending on their electrical parameters and the magnetic field Magnet requirements The electromagnet provides a uniform magnetic field in the air gap between two adjustable poles The samples which are to be tested for their magnetic properties are placed in the airgap with appropriate monitoring equipment attached By varying the polarity and intensity of the field useful data can be collected A typical electromagnet is shown in FIGURE 2 1 FIGURE 2 1 Atypical electromagnet Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 10 CHAPTER 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation 2 3 Magnet The magnet consists of two water cooled coils surrounding adjustable iron poles Construction which are fitted into an iron frame The frame supports the poles and coils and improves the magnet s efficiency The iron poles are fitted with adjusting mechanisms so that the air gap width can be set Lock mechanisms are provided to hold the poles in place after adjustment is made The poles faces have pole caps attached which provide the desired magnetic focus The size and shape ofthe pole caps are chosen according to the size ofthe sample being tested and the magnetic field requirement 2 4 Connecting Connecting the magnet to the power supply requires three
67. hase 415 VAC 10 21 A phase Protection 3 phase thermal relay with adjustable current setting two class CC2A fuses over voltage lockout circuit Frequency 50 Hz or 60 Hz Configuration 3 phase delta Connector 4 pin terminal block Line voltage must be specified at time of order but is field reconfigurable cable from power supply to facility power not included Cooling water Flow rate 7 6 L 2 0 gal min minimum Maximum pressure 552 kPa 80 psi Pressure drop 159 kPa 23 psi at 7 6 L 2 0 gal min minimum for power supply and mandatory flow switch Temperature 15 C to 30 C non condensing Connection Two 12 7 mm 0 5 in hose barbs Internal condensation can cause damage to the power supply Enclosure type Custom 19 in rack cabinet Size 559 mm W x 673 mm Dx 1054 mm H 22 inW x 26 in D x 42 in H Weight 225 kg 495 Ib Shipping size 914 mm W x 1168 mm Dx 1219 mm H 36 in x 46 in x 48 in Shipping weight 281 kg 620 Ib Ambient temperature 15 C to 35 C at rated accuracy 5 C to 40 C at reduced accuracy Humidity Non condensing Warm up 30 min at output current setting Approvals CE mark low voltage compliance to EN61010 1 EMC compliance to EN61326 1 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 6 CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 11 Ordering Information Description 648 200 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 200 VAC 648 208 Model 648 135 A 76 V 9 1 kW 208 VAC 648 220 Mod
68. he Model 648 3 The Found New Hardware wizard should appear If the Found New Hardware wizard does not appear the following procedure can be used to open the Hard ware Update wizard which can be used instead a OpenDevice Manager Use this procedure to open the Device Manager Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 3 3 Installing the USB Driver 57 m Right click on My Computer and then click Properties This will open the System Properties dialog m Clickthe Hardware tab and then click Device Manager b ClickView and ensure the Devices by Type check box is selected c Inthemain window of Device Manager locate the Ports COM amp LPT device type In many instances this will be between the Network adapt ers and Processors items If the Ports COM amp LPT item is not already expanded click the icon Lake Shore Model 648 should appear indented underneath Ports COM amp LPT If itis not displayed as Lake Shore Model 648 it might be displayed as USB Device If neitherare displayed click Action and then select Scan for hardware changes which may open the Found New Hardware wizard automatically If the Found New Hardware wizard opens continue to step 4 d Right click on Lake Shore Model 648 and click Update Driver 4 Select No notatthis time and click Next 5 Select Search for the best driver in these locations click to clear the Search removable media floppy CD ROM check box and click the Include this loca tio
69. hese requirements The Model 648 protects the operator and surrounding area from electric shock or burn mechanical hazards excessive temperature and spread offire from the instru ment Environmental conditions outside of the conditions below may pose a hazard to the operator and surrounding area m Indoor use m Altitude to 2000 m m Temperature for safe operation 5 C to 40 C m Maximum relative humidity 80 for temperature up to 31 C decreasing linearly to 50 at 40 C m Power supply voltage fluctuations not to exceed 10 of the nominal voltage m Overvoltage category II m Pollution degree 2 Power and Ground Connections This instrument must be connected to a dedicated three phase power circuit with proper size of circuit breaker refer to Chapter 3 The connection installation must be performed by a licensed electrician Verify that the unit has been configured for the correct input voltage The neutral line if available is not used Power to the unit must be hard wired and never connected using a detachable cord In all cases the correct size wire must be chosen for the current drawn working voltage and the length of cable used To minimize shock hazard the electrical ground safety ground lead must be connected Power wiring must comply with electrical codes of the locality in which the unit is installed Ventilation The instrument has an exhaust fan and ventilation holes on the rear panel Do not block these holes
70. holidays and company shut down days Contact Lake Shore Service through any of the means listed below However the most direct and efficient means of contacting is to complete the online service request form at http www lakeshore com sup serf html Provide a detailed description of the problem and the required contact information You will receive a response within 24 hours or the next business day in the event of weekends or holidays If you wish to contact Service or Sales by mail or telephone use the following Lake Shore Cryotronics ap Instrument Service Department Mailing address 575 McCorkle Blvd Westerville Ohio USA 43082 8888 sales lakeshore com Sales Eomalboddress service lakeshore com Instrument Service Telephone 614 891 2244 Sales P 614 891 2243 select the Service option Instrument Service Fax 614 818 1600 Sales 614 818 1609 Instrument Service Web service request http www lakeshore com sup serf html Instrument Service TABLE 6 10 Contact information Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 80 CHAPTER 6 Service 6 12 2 Return of Equipment 6 12 3 RMA Valid Period 6 12 4 Shipping Charges 6 12 5 Restocking Fee The electromagnet power supply is packaged to protect it during shipment The user should retain any shipping carton s in which equipmentis originally received in the event that any equipment needs to be returned If original packaging is not available a minimum o
71. ile the segment number field is highlighted to exit the ramp segment edit screen and return to the normal display When output current is called for using the Output Setting key the output will ramp to the desired current using the ramp segment set points The Pause Output key will pause the output current ramp within 2 s afterthe key is pressed While the output current ramp is paused the ramping LED will blink Press Pause Output again to continue ramping Press Enter while the ramp is paused to set the current at the paused setting and exit the Pause Ramp mode Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 4 11 Zero Output 4 12 Maximum Setting Limits 4 12 1 Maximum Output Current 4 12 2 Maximum Current Ramp Rate 4 13 Magnet Water 4 12 1 MaximumOutputCurrent 37 The Zero Output key on the front panel can be used to set the output current to O A When you press Zero Output the current output will begin to ramp down using the current ramp rate that you set in section 4 8 This key is equivalentto using Output Setting and entering O A except that it works even when the Model 648 is being pro grammed externally Refer to section 4 7 to set the output current The current ramp rate applies only to the internal current output setting When the Model 648 is programmed externally the drop to zero output when the Zero Output key is pressed will be quite rapid 1 second and limited primarily by the magnet reactance and the Model 648 volt
72. in each of the bracket as a template and trace their positions on the floor FIGURE 3 15 Floor mount 5 Move the power supply away from its designated position to reveal the traced circles 6 Using the traced circles as a guide drill mounting holes in the floor according to local codes and regulations Move the power supply back to its designated position 8 Attach securing hardware to fasten the floor mounting straps to the floor N Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 4 1 1 UnderstandingMenu Navigation 31 S Chapter 4 Operation 4 1 General 4 1 1 Understanding Menu Navigation 4 2 Turning Power On C CAUTION This chapter provides operating instructions for the features of the Model 648 elec tromagnet power supply Computer interface instructions are in Chapter 5 The menu navigation paragraphs provided atthe end of each feature is intended to be a quick guide through the necessary key presses to arrive at and set the desired features See FIGURE 4 1 and TABLE 4 1 for an explanation ofthe conventions used in the menu navigation A B C D E MEN Max Settings Enter gt Maximum current ramp rate 0 0001 A S to 50 000 A s FIGURE 4 1 Menu navigation example A Bold Typically the first word in the menu navigation is in bold type which indicates the first key you will need to press The arrow indicates that the screen is advancing to the next screen In the menu navi B gt gation the item that follo
73. ing The auxiliary connector provides terminals for an emergency stop contacts fora remote alarm remote enable and a chassis connection The emergency stop must have a normally closed contact rated at 24 V at 1 A When the contact is opened it turns off the Model 648 If an emergency stop switch is not used a jumper is required A normally closed or normally open contact is provided to control a remote alarm annunciator This set of contacts is rated at 30 V 1A If itis desirable to have a remotely located alarm to echo the internal alarm these contacts can be used with an external power source and external alarm The remote enable switch must have a normally closed contact rated at 5 V at 10 mA Contact closure is required to enable the Model 648 output If a remote enable switch is not used a jumper is required FIGURE 3 8 shows some typical auxiliary connector wiring A chassis terminal is provided in the event that any ofthe wires require a shield to minimize noise Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 26 CHAPTER 3 Installation EMERGENCY STOP CHASSIS FAULT NO FAULT COM FAULT NC REMOTE ENABLE No switches 3 7 Power Supply Connector 3 8 Cooling Water EMERGENCY EMERGENCY STOP STOP CHASSIS CHASSIS FAULT NO FAULT NO s FAULT COM FAULT COM To remote alarm circuit FAULT NC REMOTE ENABLE FAULT NC REMOTE ENABLE Emergency stop Alarm contacts and remote enable FIGURE 3 9 Typical auxiliar
74. install the driver from the web or from the disc provided with the Model 648 These procedures assume that you are logged into a user account that has adminis trator privileges Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 3 3 Installingthe USBDriver 55 5 3 3 1 Installing the Driver From Windows Update in Windows Vista and Windows 79 1 Connectthe USB cable from the Model 648 to the computer 2 Turn on the Model 648 3 Whenthe Found New Hardware wizard appears select Locate and install driver software recommended 4 If User Account Control UAC is enabled a UAC dialog box may appear asking if you want to continue Click Continue 5 The Found New Hardware wizard should automatically connect to Windows Update and install the drivers If the Found New Hardware wizard is unable to connect to Windows Update or find the drivers a message to Insert the disc that came with your Lake Shore Model 648 will be displayed Click Cancel and refer to section 5 3 3 3 to install the driver from the web 6 Whenthe Found New Hardware wizard finishes installing the driver a confirma tion message stating the software forthis device has been successfully installed will appear Click Close to complete the installation 5 3 3 2 Installing the Driver From Windows Update in Windows XP 1 Connectthe USB cable from the Model 648 to the computer 2 Turn on the Model 648 3 Whenthe Found New Hardware wizard appears select Yes this time on
75. inted on the key tops Once the correct parameter value is entered press Enter to accept the change and advance to next parameter Press Escape once to clear the new value and restartthe setting sequence Press Escape again to return to the normal dis play Data entry screens always include the message Enter a value for Related setting selection and data entry sequences are often chained together under asingle key To skip over a parameter without changing its value press Enter before pressing an arrow or number key To return to the normal display in the middle of a setting sequence press Escape before pressing an arrow or number key Changes entered before you press Escape are kept Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 4 6 Display Setup 4 7 Setting Output Current 4 8 Output Current Ramp Rate 4 5 1 GeneralKeypadOperation 35 The Display Setup allows you to set the display brightness The vacuum fluorescent VF display on the Model 648 has four brightness settings between 25 and 100 that can be changed from the front panel The brightness setting changes the entire VF display but it does not affect the LED annunciators to the right of the display Con tinuous use ofthe instrument at 100 brightness will reduce the operating life of the display therefore brightness of 25 the default setting is recommended for most applications To change the display brightness press Display Setup and the bright ness setup will appear
76. irmware License Agreement continued Under the terms of this agreement you may only use the Model 648 firmware as physically installed in the instrument Archival copies are strictly forbidden You may not decompile disassemble or reverse engineer the firmware If you suspect there are problems with the firmware return the instrument to Lake Shore for repair under the terms of the Limited Warranty specified above Any unauthorized duplication or use of the Model 648 firmware in whole or in part in print or in any other storage and retrieval system is forbidden TRADEMARK ACKNOWLEDGMENT Many manufacturers and sellers claim designations used to distin guish their products as trademarks Where those designations appear in this manual and Lake Shore was aware of a trademark claim they appear with initial capital letters and the or symbol Alumel and Chromel are trademarks of Conceptech Inc Corporation CalCurve Cernox SoftCal Rox Curve Handler are trade marks of Lake Shore Cryotronics Inc Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems Inc of Santa Clara CA LabVIEW is a registered trademark of National Instruments Mac is aregistered trademark of Apple Inc registered in the U S and other countries Microsoft Windows Excel and Windows Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries Stycast is a trademark of Emerson amp Cuming
77. is can happen when attempting to rapidly ramp a magnet with higher than usual voltage required to overcome the magnet s inductance The LED will go out when the condi tion clears The Model 648 has a hardware power limit to protect the internal power MOSFETs If the power supply is driving a load which has a resistance lower than the supply s rated minimum the power required may be higherthan the devices can safely han dle If this happens the power in the devices is prevented from exceeding the safe limit and the power limit LED will light to alert the operator to the condition The LED will go out when the condition clears The ramping LED lights when the internal control circuitry is changing the output current When the ramp is completed and the current is at the desired point the LED goes out The LED does not light when the output current is being controlled by an external source The remote LEDlights when the remote key has been pressed to accept remote com puter programming input or upon receiving the first command overthe IEEE bus When the LED is lit the main keypad is locked out Pressing the Local key will return the unitto the local mode and reestablish keypad functions The Model 648 has 20 keys separated into three groups on the instrument front panel The sixteen keys in the center ofthe grouping combines instrument setup and data entry The keys to the left control the output current and ramping The keys to the right as
78. ister 5 2 7 5 Using Message Available MAV Bit Status Byte summary bit 4 MAV indicates that data is available to read into your bus controller This message may be used to synchronize information exchange with the bus controller The bus controller can for example send a query command to the Model 642 and then wait for MAV to set If the MAV bit has been enabled to initiate an SRQ the user s program can direct the bus controller to look for the SRQ leaving the bus available for other use The MAV bit will be clear whenever the output buffer is empty 5 2 7 6 Using Operation Complete OPC and Operation Complete Query OPC The Operation Complete OPC and Operation Complete Query OPC are both used to indicate when pending device operations complete However the commands operate with two distinct methods The OPC command is used in conjunction with bit O OPC ofthe Standard Event Sta tus Register If DPC is sent asthe last command in a command sequence bit O will be set when the instrument completes the operation that was initiated by the command sequence Additional commands may be sent between the instrument and the bus controller while waiting forthe initial pending operation to complete A typical use of this function would be to enable the OPC bitto generate an SRQ and include the OPC command when programming the instrument The bus controller could then be instructed to look for an SRQ allowing additional communication
79. ite maintenance g natural disasters such as flood fire wind or earthquake or h damage during shipment other than original shipment to you if shipped through a Lake Shore carrier This limited warranty does not cover a regularly scheduled or ordinary and expected recalibrations of the Product b acces sories to the Product such as probe tips and cables holders wire grease varnish feedthroughs etc c consumables used in conjunction with the Product such as probe tips and cables probe holders sample tails rods and holders ceramic putty for mounting samples Hall sample cards Hall sample enclosures etc or d non Lake Shore branded Products that are inte grated with the Product To the extent allowed by applicable law this limited warranty is theonly warranty applicable to the Product and replaces all other warranties or conditions express or implied including but not limited to the implied warranties or conditions of mer chantability and fitness for a particular purpose Specifically except as provided herein Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 10 11 12 13 Lake Shore undertakes no responsibility that the products will be fit for any particular purpose for which you may be buying the Products Any implied warranty is limited in duration to the warranty period No oral or written information or advice given by the Company its Agents or Employees shall create a war ranty or in any way
80. l be allowed The error message will flash for 10 s and then the Model 648 will turn itself off Output over current The measured output current exceeded 140 A The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed The error message will flash for 10 s and then the Model 648 will turn itself off DAC processor not responding The processor that controls the output DAC is not responding or is responding incorrectly The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed Cycle power to attempt to clear Output control failure One of the internally monitored voltages is beyond an acceptable range on power up The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed Cycle power to clear attempt to clear Output stage protect One or more ofthe power MOSFETs used to drive the output is in a latchup condition This could have been externally gener ated ESD ora short at the output terminals or it could have been internally generated The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed Cycle power to attempt to clear this error TABLE6 2 Instrument hardware errors Remote enable fault detected The remote enable connection loop is not closed The output setting is set to 0 A and no current entry will be allowed Once the loop is closed press Status or send ERCL over the computer interface to clear the error Power supply flow switch fault detected
81. le Default Enabled Interface Command RSEG To usethe ramp segment feature Ramp Segment mode must be enabled section 4 9 and the ramp segment table must be set up to specify which ramp rate to use for each current setting The table should be set up in order of increasing current A current entry of 0 A indicates the end ofthe table and the instrument will not search any higher in the table If the Ramp Segments mode is enabled the next ramp segments screen that appears is for entering or editing the ramp segments table All five of the ramp segments are shown on the display at the same time The segments should be entered in order of increasing current An entry of 0 A will indicate the end of the table and the instru ment will not search beyond that segment For example Ramp Segment Current Ramp Rate 1 10 000A 0 5000 A s 2 15 000A 0 6000 A s 3 20 000A 0 7000 A s 4 30 000A 0 8000 A s b 40 000A 1 0000 A s 1 When you enter the ramp segments table the 1 is highlighted Press Enter to move the cursor to the current column 2 Using number entry enter the upper current setting for that ramp segment in amperes 3 When you have finished entering the desired current press Enter to accept the new selection and advance to the ramp rate column 4 Usenumberentry to enter the applicable ramp rate in A s 5 Press Enterto advance to the next segment Similarly enter or edit all ramp segments When complete press Escape wh
82. le button press The Model 648 is supported by a 3 year standard warranty our confirmation of qual ity and commitment for the long term Our physicists understand your applications and measurements and provide support throughout your decision making process and beyond the sale Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 1 9 Model 648 Specifications 1 9 1 Output 1 9 2 Output Programming 1 9 Model648Specifications 3 Type Bipolar 4 quadrant DC voltage current source Current generation Fully linear regulation with digital setting and analog control Current range 135 A Compliance voltage DC 75 V Power 9 1 kW nominal Nominal load 0 5 Q 0 5 H Maximum load resistance 0 55 Q for 135 A DC operation at 10 to 5 line voltage Minimum load resistance 0 41 Q for 135 A DC operation at 5 to 10 line voltage Load inductance range 0 H to 1 H Current ripple 10 mA RMS 0 007 at 135 A into nominal load Current ripple frequency Dominated by the line frequency and its harmonics Temperature coefficient 50 ppm of full scale C Line regulation 75 ppm of full scale 10 line change Stability 1 h 2 mA h after warm up internal setting Stability 24 h 10 mA 24 h typical internal setting dominated by temperature coefficient and line regulation Isolation Differential output is optically isolated from chassis to prevent ground loops Slew rate 50 A s into nominal load dominated by magnet characteristics 1
83. ll show Invalid Lock Code and the keypad lock mode will not change Menu Navigation Enter Press and hold for 3 s Unlock Lock All Lock Limits Keypad lock code Default Unlock Interface Command LOCK Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 40 CHAPTER 4 Operation 4 18 Computer Interface 4 18 1 Changing IEEE 488 Interface Parameters 4 19 Default Parameter Values There are two computer interfaces on the Model 648 a USB interface and an IEEE 488 interface These interfaces are used to connect the instrument to a computer for automated control or data taking Refer to Chapter 5 Section 4 18 1 explains how to change the interface parameters on the IEEE 488 interface Two interface parameters address and terminators must be set from the front panel before IEEE 488 communication with the instrument can be established Other interface parameters can be set via the interface using the device specific commands provided in section 5 4 Menu Navigation Computer Interface IEEE Address 1 to 30 Eres IEEE Term Cr Lf EOI LE LFCR Interface Command IEEE It is sometimes desirable to reset instrument parameters to their default values This data is stored in nonvolatile memory called EEPROM Instrument calibration is not affected by this operation Firmware version information for the main firmware and the DAC firmware is also displayed during this sequence To clear EEPROM memory or view the firmware
84. ltage drop Current carrying capacities for various sizes of cables and cable lengths are shown in TABLE 3 3 The connections must be made with the correct size of hardware for the magnet terminal We recommend the use of a spring or Belleville washer for cable terminations When the parts of a connection expand and contract with changes in temperature they tend to loosen A spring washer will reduce this tendency Power lead Cross connection wiring parallel wiring Power lead Bolt Belleville washer Cable connection Magnet power lug Plain washer Nut Power lead Cross connection wiring series wiring EM Power lead FIGURE 2 3 Typical magnet coil wiring showing series and parallel connections Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 12 CHAPTER 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation 2 4 3 Temperature As discussed in section 2 4 1 water cooling for the magnet is essential To protect the Switches and Flow Switches magnet from damage resulting from an interruption in cooling water a flow switch temperature switches or both should be installed The switches must have a normally open contact switch is open when no water is flowing and if switches are used they must be connected in series The switches are then connected to the flow switch terminals ofthe magnet connector on the Model 648 The Model 648 monitors the switches and if an open is detected the output
85. ly and click Next 4 Select Install the software automatically Recommended and click Next 5 The Found New Hardware wizard should automatically connect to Windows Update and install the drivers If the Found New Hardware wizard is unable to connect to Windows Update or find the drivers a message saying Cannot Install this Hardware will be displayed Click the Cancel button and refer to section 5 3 3 3 to install the driver from the web 6 Whenthe Found New Hardware wizard finishes installing the driver a confirma tion message stating the wizard has finished installing the software for Lake Shore Model 648 electromagnet power supply will appear Click Finish to complete the installation 5 3 3 3 Installing the Driver From the Web The Model 648 USB driver is available on the Lake Shore website To install the driver it must be downloaded from the website and extracted Use the procedure in section 5 3 3 1 through section 5 3 3 4 to download extract and install the driver using Windows Vista Windows 79 and XP 5 3 3 3 1 Download the driver 1 Locate the Model 648 USB driver on the downloads page on the Lake Shore website 2 Right clickon the USB driver download link and select save target link as 3 Savethe driverto a convenient place and take note as to where the driver was downloaded 5 3 3 3 2 Extract the driver The downloaded driver is in a ZIP compressed archive The driver must be extracted from this file Win
86. mand types These commands are divided into four groups 1 Buscontrol section 5 2 3 1 a Universal m Uniline m Multiline b Addressed Bus Control 2 Common section 5 2 3 2 3 Device specific section 5 2 3 3 4 Message strings section 5 2 3 4 5 2 3 1 Bus Control Commands A bus control command can either be a universal or an addressed bus control A uni versal command addresses all devices on the bus Universal commands include uni line and multiline commands A uniline command message asserts only a single signal line The Model 648 recognizes two of these messages from the Bus Controller Remote REN and Interface Clear IFC The Model 648 sends one uniline command Service Request SRQ m REN Remote puts the Model 648 into remote mode m IFC Interface Clear stops current operation on the bus m SRQ Service Request tells the bus controller that the Model 648 needs interface service A multiline command asserts a group of signal lines All devices equipped to imple ment such commands do so simultaneously upon command transmission These commands transmit with the Attention ATN line asserted low The Model 648 recog nizes two multiline commands m LLO Local Lockout prevents the use of instrument front panel controls m DCL Device Clear clears Model 648 interface activity and puts it into a bus idle state Finally addressed bus control commands are multiline commands that must include the Model 648 li
87. manently wired to the facilities main wiring by a qualified electrician Failure to comply could result in injury or death to personnel The magnet connector provides terminals for an optional magnet temperature switch or magnet water flow switch and an optional magnet water control solenoid valve The flow or temperature switch must have a normally closed contact rated at 5 Vat 10 mA A contact closure is required to enable the Model 648 output If a switch is not used a jumper is required To operate a solenoid water valve for the magnet 24 VAC at 1 Ais provided This output is controlled by the power supply either automatically via software or manually through the magnet water menu Water control is desirable to reduce water consumption when the water comes from a municipal facility Turning the water off when itis not required also reduces the probability of condensation on the magnet or connecting hoses If the cooling water comes from a facility chiller system condensation is not usually a problem and a control valve is not required In this case it is appropriate to install a flow switch optional or temperature switch optional to monitor the water flow and protect the magnet in the event of a water flow interruption FIGURE 3 8 shows examples of typical magnet connector wiring FLOW FLOW FLOW SWITCH SWITCH SWITCH WATER WATER WATER VALVE VALVE VALVE VALVE ONLY SWITCH ONLY VALVE AND SWITCH FIGURE 3 8 Typical magnet connector wir
88. mum current draw A strain relief busing must be used in installation Two different compression grommets and slip washers are provided The first a yellow slip washer and its corresponding grommet are provided in the Model 648 installation kit and are provided assembled inside the bushing body It will accommodate a 15 9 mm to 19 0 mm 0 63 in to 0 75 in round neoprene jacketed cable The second a purple slip washer and its corresponding grommet are provided in the Model 648 installation kit as well bagged separately from the bushing body It will accommodate a 19 0 mm to 22 2 mm 0 75 in to 0 88 in round neoprene jacketed cable If either of the bushings provided will not work with your cable a strain relief ofthe appropriate type and size must be provided by the installing agency To ensure proper operation ofthe strain relief bushing it must be tightened to a torque of 68 Nm 50 ft Ibs A typical cable entry with bushing is shown in FIGURE 3 5 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 22 CHAPTER 3 Installation Failure to install a strain relief bushing is a hazard and could cause injury or death to the tr CAUTIO N operating personnel in the event of a fault Lake Shore reserves the right to void the warranty of any instrument not properly installed Model 643 rear panel Conduit bushing Bushing body Slip washer Compression collar Locking ring Compression grommet FIGURE 3 5 Typical cable entry with bushing Model
89. n with the instrument or intermittent failures in communication 5 4 Command This paragraph provides a listing of the IEEE 488 and serial interface commands A Summary summary of all the commands is provided in TABLE 5 7 All the commands are detailed in section 5 4 which is presented in alphabetical order Command name Brief description of command Form of the command input Output Current Setting Command SETI lt current gt term Format nn nnnn current Specifiesoutput current setting Syntax of user parameter input see key Definition of parameter 0 0000 160 1000 A Remarks Sets the current value that the output will ramp to at the present ramp rate Setting value limited by LIMIT FIGURE 5 8 Sample command format Query name Brief description of query Form ofthe query input Output Current Setting Query Input SETI term Definition of returned parameter Returned current term Syntax of returned parameter Format nn nnnn Refer to command for description FIGURE 5 9 Sample query format Q Begins common interface command Required to identify queries String of alphanumeric characters with length n Send these strings using surrounding quotes Quotes enable characters such as commas and spaces to be used withoutthe instrument interpreting them as delimiters nn String of number characters that may include a decimal point Dotted decimal format common with IP addresses Always contains 4
90. n 3 11 2 Chassis connection An earth ground connection is provided to facilitate connection to the magnet frame if noise problems exist section 3 12 Flow switch A1gpmflow switch mandatory for operation TABLE 3 1 Rear panel connector identification Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 3 4 Power Wiring and Setup ANY EV ls 3 2 1 Movingand Handling 19 Output cable connection Analog I O connector Auxiliary connector Magnet connector Voltage change terminal block Flow switch use holder connector m Circuit breaker Water control valve connector FIGURE 3 1 Model 648 rear panel Left Bottom half shown with wiring cover removed Right Top half This section describes how to connect the Model 648 to the line power Please follow these instructions carefully to ensure proper operation ofthe instrument and the safety of operators The Model 648 must be permanently wired to the facilities main wiring by a qualified electrician adhering to all local codes and standards Do not attempt to connect the power mains using a detachable cord The power wiring must be permanently wired to the facilities main wiring by a qualified electrician Failure to comply could result in injury or death to personnel Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 20 CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 4 1 Line Voltage Selection 3 4 2 Circuit Breaker Setting The Model 648 has seven AC line voltage config
91. n in the search check box 6 Click Browse and open the location of the extracted driver Click Next 8 Whenthe driver finishes installing a confirmation message stating The wizard has finished installing the software for Lake Shore Model 648 electromagnet power supply should appear Click Finish to complete the installation N 5 3 3 4 Installing the USB Driver from the Included CD The Model 648 USB driver is available on the included CD The following section describes the process of installing the driver from the CD To install the driver you must be logged into a user account that has administrator privileges For Windows Vista and Windows 7 1 Insert the CD into the computer 2 Follow steps 1 9 of the Windows Vista procedure in section 5 3 3 3 3 3 Click Browse and select the drive containing the included CD 4 Ensure the Include subfolders check box is selected and click Next 5 When the driver finishes installing a confirmation message stating Windows has successfully updated your driver software should appear Click Close to com plete the installation For Windows XP 1 Insert the CD into the computer 2 Connect the USB cable from the Model 648 to the computer 3 Turnonthe Model 648 4 When the Found New Hardware wizard appears select No not at this time and click Next Select Install the software automatically recommended and click Next The Found New Hardware wizard should automatically sea
92. ndard connector used on USB peripheral devices and it allows the common USB A type to B type cable to be used to connect the Model 648 to a host PC The pin assignments for A type and B type connectors are shown in section 6 11 5 The maximum length of a USB cable as defined by the USB 2 0 standard is 5 m 16 4 ft This length can be extended using USB hubs every 5 m 16 4 ft up to five times for a maximum total length of 30 m 98 4 ft The USB interface emulates an RS 232 serial port at a fixed 57 600 baud rate but with the physical connections of a USB This programming interface requires a cer tain configuration to communicate properly with the Model 648 The proper configu ration parameters are listed in TABLE 5 5 Baud rate 57 600 Data bits 7 Start bits 1 Stop bits 1 Parity Odd Flow control None Handshaking None TABLE 5 5 Host com port configuration The USB hardware connection uses the full speed 12 000 000 bits sec profile of the USB 2 0 standard however since the interface uses a virtual serial com port at a fixed data rate the data throughput is still limited to a baud rate of 57 600 bits s The Model 648 USB driver has been made available through Windows Update This is the recommended method for installing the driver as it will ensure that you always have the latest version of the driver installed If you are unable to install the driver from Windows Update refer to section 5 3 3 3 to
93. ns 70 6 3 3 Intermittent Lockups ssssssssssssssssss eee eene 70 6 4 FUSE DtaWel i eccuerre ee pre an REREUEREYEA BETA Gh Oa ROCOE ROI E RR e Mau a SUR RE RU 70 6 5 Line Voltage Selection eeii cec ccess Ier ied ee vealed bedava TATARE TE PRURE dads saben 71 6 6 Circuit BreakerSettinig ii sese ceeckee or reet enel e RE E Ya 72 6 7 Power Line Fuse Replacement sssssssssssssss se 73 6 8 Factory Reset MENU i acis se ses teme rhe perse Renee ug pcdes d Ree Ra EROR 74 6 8 1 DefaultValues ssssssssssssssssssssssss sehen 74 6 9 Error Messages cesses nang Rr den revs E ERUPDrR S ARA E RR TETEN EEA Redes 74 6 9 1 Types of Error Messages 0 cece eee eee een 74 6 10 Calibration Procedure cc cece cece cece eee 75 6 11 Connector and Cable Definitions 0 cece cece e eee e eee nes 76 6 11 1 Analog I O Connector 00 c cece eee e eet e e ene 76 6 11 2 Magnet Water Connector oc scescses rtm Rr RR eat quedans neane 76 6 11 3 Auxiliary Connettori inina peek ehh Rire rna mee saec ee bes pite 77 6 11 4 Power Supply Water Connectors 0 cece cece e eee eee e eens 78 Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS EILAT FIOWSWItCI ertet EE P E PUER EI Y x egre ER 78 6 11 4 2 Water Control Valve sss 78 6 11 5 USB COln CtOL niches rads Ier x ER A ec p DUM E EU PEE THU E 79 6 12 Technical InQUiri8S usecces epe rt EN IEN r IR DUX Ue IRR aL EAA 79 6 12 1 Contac
94. o section 4 7 to set the output current m External when the external program mode is set to external the front panel set ting is fixed at O A and the output current is set using an external voltage where 10V 135A m Sum when the external program mode is set Sum the internal and external set tings are summed together to set the output current When using the External or Sum modes care must be taken to insure that the output cur rent does not exceed the maximum current for the magnet The software maximum set ting limits cannot limit the output current or ramp rate that is set when using the External or Sum modes Failure to comply may result in damage to the magnet A 3 dB 40 Hz two pole low pass filter limits the bandwidth of the external current pro gramming input The bandwidth of the output is also limited by the compliance voltage and the inductance of the magnet Menu Navigation External Program gt Internal External Sum Interface Command ER To avoid discontinuities in the output current the external current programming mode cannot be changed if the programming voltage or the front panel current set ting is not zero If the external current program mode is going to be kept from chang ing an error box will pop up explaining why the new setting is being ignored The keypad lock feature prevents accidental changes to parameter values When the keypad is locked parameter values may be viewed but not changed from th
95. oating magnet or otherancillary equipment 3 12 1 3 Phase Power All 3 phase electrical wiring should be completed by a qualified electrician adhering Connections to all local codes and standards prior to the arrival of a Lake Shore representative for installation and training The qualified electrician should refer to the Model 648 electromagnet power supply manual Chapter 3 to complete the connection of 3 phase powerto the Model 648 If you use a 3 phase water chiller refer to the Water Chiller manual to complete the connection of 3 phase power to the water chiller 3 12 2 Attach the Floor This section briefly outlines the steps necessary to install the floor mounting option Mounting Option You will need the Model 648 floor mount kit AWARN i NG Consult with the facilities personnel to confirm that the floor may be modified to support the floor mounting option and to determine the location of water or gas lines that may be present AWARN Te There are safety issues concerning the installation ofthe floor mounting option These issues can vary depending upon the method and tools you use These directions are intended only to give a brief summary ofthe installation process Consult local codes and regulations before installation 1 Placethe power supply in its designated position 2 Obtain the four anchoring brackets as shown in FIGURE 3 15 3 Attach the brackets oriented at 90 angles from the power supply base 4 Use the hole
96. onnector 9 NC 1 NC 2 Chassis common 10 Chassis common 3 Current program 11 Current program 4 Chassis common 12 Chassis common 5 Voltage monitor 13 Voltage monitor 4 6 Chassis common 14 Chassis common 7 Current monitor 15 Current monitor 8 Chassis common TABLE 6 4 Model 648 analog output connector The magnet water connector provides the means to connect a water control valve 24 VAC and an associated water flow switch closed during flow to protect the magnet from loss of water flow Pins 1 amp 2 must be closed for normal operation Pins 3 amp 4 supply 24 VAC at 1 Afor operation of a water control valve See TABLE 6 5 forthe magnet connector details E FLOW gt SWITCH Ag z WATER z VALVE FIGURE 6 7 Magnet water connector Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 6 11 3 Auxiliary Connector 6 11 3 AuxiliaryConnector 77 Flow switch com Magnet water valve A PWN fF Flow switch Magnet water valve B TABLE 6 5 Magnet connector details The auxiliary connector provides connections for three functions Emergency stop this normally closed circuit turns off power to the Model 648 just as if the Off O button was pressed on the front panel when opened Normal operation requires a closed connection between the pins Fault relay the fault relay can be used to communicate the presence ofa Model 648 fault to external equipment The rela
97. or handshake capability PPO No parallel poll capability E1 Open collector electronics TABLE 5 1 Model 648 IEEE 488 interface capabilities and their subsets Instruments are connected to the IEEE 488 bus by a 24 conductor connector cable as specified by the standard Cables can be ordered from Lake Shore as IEEE 488 Cable Kit 4005 or they can be purchased from other electronic suppliers Cable lengths are limited to 2 m 6 6 ft for each device and 20 m 65 6 ft forthe entire bus The Model 648 can drive a bus with up to ten loads If more instruments or cable length is required a bus expander must be used Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 42 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation 5 2 1 Changing IEEE 488 Interface Parameters 5 2 2 Remote Local Operation 5 2 3 IEEE 488 Command Structure The IEEE 488 address must be set from the front panel before communication with the instrument can be established Menu Navigation InterfaceS EnabledIEEE 488 Interface EEE 488 Address 1 to 31 Default IEEE 488 Normal operations from the keypad are referred to as local operations The Model 648 can also be configured for remote operations via the IEEE 488 interface or the Remote Local key The Remote Local key will toggle between remote and local operation During remote operations the remote annunciator LED will be illumi nated and operations from the keypad will be disabled The Model 648 supports several com
98. output voltage reading may shift as much as 0 1V Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Magnet System Design Installation and Operation Chapter 3 Installation Table of Contents 1 3 Product DescrIDtlODi cese nrrerrb E ER th Rd cete ar np IR UERDARI ME EE 1 1 2 Outp tArchitectUre serio orport e ERR EIS TRA Y UTE INSUR P Wd dob EX RT EE eS 2 1 3 Output Programimihg esci ee Eae IR RE RI geass REX ENTERA SA SERYMEGAN 2 144 Output REACING rcr RO ROME GR Ri MIN E qa RSa pu PET PETER RIA 2 LS Io ep is 2 anus E 2 1 7 Display and Keypad io ecce IKEE Kan EER rete Ra qb ec PESE XXE ERE 2 1 8 3 Year Warranty and Technical SUPPOFt 0 e ee eee ee 2 1 9 Model 648 Specifications 0 eee eee eee 3 nene 3 19 2 Output Programlimlbg suss cr ge eua o ERE E RR X eR R ER ERINARER Y EU 3 1 9 3 Readings e RR APR ER ERU CH RO UR dont ERE 4 1 9 4 Froni Pariell i neds eene cte ANARO Ene EEEE ENRE URBE nes 4 cic UU 4 ECCE 5 1 11 Ordering Information csse ees 6 1 12 Safety Summary and Symbols cece cece eee veres eee 7 21 Cental E o 9 2 2 Major Components ofthe Magnet 0 cece cece cette ee ee 9 2 3 Magnet COFDSEF CEIOTL iesus eset ins Frater orna added seed nager evo NOD TUR RE 10 2 4 Connecting the Magnet
99. over is installed to prevent damage to the flow switch and copper tubing vat e FIGURE 3 12 Water valve connection Lake Shore CRVOTBONICS www lakeshore com 28 CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 9 Magnet Cable Magnet cable connections are made at the OUTPUT and terminals on the rear Connections panel These plated copper bus bars accommodate M8 5 16 in mounting hardware Two M8 bolts nuts and Belleville washers are provided Use load wires heavy enough to limit the voltage drop to less than 0 5 V per lead This ensures proper regulation and keeps the cables from overheating while carrying the required output current TABLE 3 3 lists the current capacity and lead lengths for load connections Lake Shore sells magnet cables in 10 ft and 20 ft lengths Referto section 1 11 for ordering accessories FIGURE 3 13 shows how the output cables are connected to the Model 648 A plain washer and a spring or Belleville washer are provided The Belleville washer is required to maintain contact pressure through varying material thickness due to heating The magnet leads should be dressed straight down to allow the installation ofthe mandatory protective lug cover Lug cover installation is shown in FIGURE 3 13 Ifthe protective lug cover is not installed the unit will not power up Area mm2 Capacity A Resistivity ohms 1000 feet Max output of 135A 0 53 5 245 0 09827 22M 72 ft 2 33 6 180 0 1563 14 M 45 ft
100. ower supplies have several advantages over switch mode power supplies primarily smooth field generation that is nearly free from offending electromagnetic signatures The bipolar 4 quadrant operation required to safely operate an inductive load provides clean transitions through zero without discontinuities The Model 648 output current is programmed internally via the keypad or the com puter interface externally by analog programming input or by the sum ofthe exter nal and internal settings External programming via analog input signal provides analog resolution The Model 648 generates extremely smooth and continuous ramps the digitally generated constant current ramp rate is variable between 0 1 mA s and 50 000 A s To ensure a smooth ramp rate the power supply updates the high resolution DAC 12 3 times per second The Model 648 provides high resolution output current readings that reflect the actual current in the magnet and have a resolution of 1 mA The output voltage read ing reports the voltage at the output terminals with a resolution of 1 mV All output readings can be prominently displayed on the front panel and read over the computer interface The Model 648 provides built in protection against short circuit open circuit line loss low line voltage high line voltage output over voltage output over current over temperature and abrupt change ofthe external programming input A proprietary circuit limits the power dissipa
101. r Clear Command ERCL term This command will clear the operational errors The errors will only be cleared if the error conditions have been removed Hardware errors can never be cleared Refer to section 5 2 6 1 fora list of error bits Error Status Query ERST term hardware errors operational errors term nnn nnn The integers returned representthe sum ofthe bit weighting ofthe error bits Referto section 5 2 6 1 and section 5 2 6 2 for a list of error bits Use the ERRCL command to clearthe operational errors Hardware errors cannot be cleared Error Status Enable Command ERSTE lt hardware errors operational errors gt term nnn nnn Each bit has a bit weighting and represents the enable disable mask of the corre sponding error bits in the Error Status Register This determines which status bits can setthe corresponding summary bits in the Status Byte Register To enable an error bit send the command ERSTE with the sum ofthe bit weighting for each desired bit Refer to section 5 2 6 1 and section 5 2 6 2 for a list of error bits Error Status Enable Query ERSTE term hardware errors operational errors term nnn nnn Refer to section 5 2 6 1 and section 5 2 6 2 for a list of error bits Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 64 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation ERSTR Input Returned Format Remarks IEEE Input Format Example IEEE Input Returned Format INTWTR Input
102. rature of the instrument exceeded 40 C The output current will be set to zero and will not be settable until the fault is cleared m External Current Program Error EPE Bit 1 this bit is set if the instrument can not go into external or sum current programming modes because the program ming voltage is too high The output current will be set to zero and will not be settable until the fault is cleared m Calibration Error CAL Bit 0 this bit is set if the instrument is not calibrated or the calibration data has been corrupted Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Error Status Condition Register ERST Error Status Event Register ERSTR Error Status Enable Register ERSTE ERSTE 5 2 7 Status System Detail Status Byte Register and Service Request SRQ ET TSTSTATLSIZLCLS Ie REF PFF MFF HLV Luv TH EPE CAL Name 5 2 7 Status System Detail Status Byte Register and Service Request SRQ 51 To Bit 1 OESB of Status Byte Register see Figure 5 1 FIGURE 5 6 Operational error status register As shown in Figure 5 1 the Status Byte Register receives the summary bits from the two status register sets and the message available summary bit from the output buf fer The status byte is used to generate a service request SRQ The selection of sum mary bits that will generate an SRQ is controlled by the Service Request Enable Register 5 2 7 1 Status Byte Register The summary messages f
103. rch the CD and install the drivers SY When the Found New Hardware Wizard finishes installing the drivers a message stat ing the wizard has finished installing the software for Lake Shore Model 648 electro magnet power supply should appear Click Finish to complete the installation Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 58 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation 5 3 4 Communication 5 3 5 Message Flow Control Communicating via the USB interface is done using message strings The message strings should be carefully formulated by the user program according to some simple rules to establish effective message flow control 5 3 4 1 Character Format Acharacter is the smallest piece of information that can be transmitted by the inter face Each character is ten bits long and contains data bits bits for character timing and an error detection bit The instrument uses seven bits for data in the American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCII format One start bit and one stop bit are necessary to synchronize consecutive characters Parity is a method of error detection One parity bit configured for odd parity is included in each character ASCII letter and number characters are used most often as character data Punctua tion characters are used as delimiters to separate different commands or pieces of data A special ASCII character line feed LF OAH is used to indicate the end of a mes sage string Thisis calle
104. rom the event registers and output buffer set or clear the summary bits of the Status Byte Register FIGURE 5 4 These summary bits are not latched Clearing an event register will clear the corresponding summary bit in the Status Byte Register Reading all messages in the output buffer including any pending queries will clear the message available bit The bits of the Status Byte Register are described as follows m Operation Summary OSB Bit 7 set summary bit indicates that an enabled operation event has occurred m Request Service RQS Master Summary Status MSS Bit 6 this bit is set whena summary bit and the summary bits corresponding enable bit in the Service Request Enable Register are set Once set the user may read and clear the bit in two different ways which is why it is referred to as both the RQS and the MSS bit When this bit goes from low to high the Service Request hardware line on the bus is set this is the RQS function of the bit See section 5 2 4 5 In addition the status of the bit may be read with the STB query which returns the binary weighted sum of all bits in the Status Byte this is the MSS function of the bit Performing a serial poll will automatically clear the RQS function but not the MSS function An STB will read the status of the MSS bit along with all of the sum mary bits but also will not clear it To clear the MSS bit either clear the event register that set the summary bit or disable the
105. rrors are related to internal instrument circuitry When one of these errors occurs the Fault LED is solidly lit the output setting is set to O A current entry will not be allowed and there is no way to clear the error unless power is cycled If one of these error messages persists after power is cycled the instrument requires repair Instrument Hardware Errors are listed in TABLE 6 2 m Operational errors are related to instrument operation and do not necessarily indi cate a hardware problem When one oftheses errors occurs the Fault LED will be blinking and the error condition can be cleared once the fault condition has been removed Operational errors are listed in TABLE 6 3 m Usererrors are related to user requests that cannot be processed These errors generate responses that immediately explain the cause ofthe error These are usually simple order of operation issues and are easily resolved The fault LED is not used for these simpler errors User errors are self explanatory and are there fore not listed Internal temperature fault Cold plate temperature is over 45 C The output setting is set to O A and no current entry will be allowed The error message will flash for 10 s and then the Model 648 will turn itself off Output over voltage The output voltage is greaterthan the 76 V compliance voltage limit indicating a problem with the compliance voltage cir cuitry The output setting is set to OA and no current entry wil
106. ry 66 QWAI Wait to Continue Cmd 62 RATE Output Current Ramp Rate Setting Cmd 66 DFLT Factory Defaults Cmd 63 RATE Output Current Ramp Rate Setting Query 66 DISP Display Parameter Cmd 63 RDGI Current Output Reading Query 67 DISP Display Parameter Query 63 RDGV Output Voltage Reading Query 67 ERCL Error Clear Cmd 63 RSEG Ramp Segments Enable Cmd 67 ERST Error Status Query 63 RSEG Ramp Segments Enable Query 67 ERSTE Error Status Enable Cmd 63 RSEGS Ramp Segments Parameters Cmd 67 ERSTE Error Status Enable Query 63 RSEGS Ramp Segments Paramets Query 67 ERSTR Error Status Register Query 64 SETI Output Current Setting Cmd 67 IEEE IEEE 488 Interface Parameter Cmd 64 SETI Output Current Setting Query 68 IEEE IEEE 488 Interface Parameter Query 64 STOP Stop Output Current Ramp Cmd 68 INTWTR Internal Water Mode Cmd 64 XPGM External Program Mode Cmd 68 INTWTR Internal Water Mode Query 64 XPGM External Program Mode Query 68 KEYST Keypad Status Query 64 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply TABLE 5 7 Command summary CLS Input Remarks kESE Input Format Remarks KESE Input Returned Format KESR Input Returned Format Remarks IDN Input Returned Format Example OPC Input Remarks 5 4 CommandSummary 61 Clear Interface Command CLS term Clears the bits in the Status Byte Register Standard Event Status Register and Opera tion Event Register and terminate
107. ry Reset menu press and hold the Escape key for 5 s Once the menu appears set either Reset to Defaults or Clear Curves or both to Yes then highlight Execute and press Enter Output settings Output current 0A Current ramp rate 50 000 A s Maximum settings Max output current 135 1A Maxramp rate 50 000 A s External program mode External program mode Internal Ramp segments Ramp segments Disabled Ramp segments current 0A Ramp segments rate 1 0000 A s Display Brightness 25 Keypad locking State Unlocked Lock code 123 Computer interface Baud 57 600 IEEE 488 address 12 IEEE 488 terminators CR LF Mode Local Water settings Magnet water Disabled Internal water Disabled Indicates value is also initialized on power up TABLE 6 10 Default parameter values Error messages appearon the lower part ofthe instrument display when it identifies a problem during operation The Fault LED will light in conjunction with the error message Press Status to see a more extensive description ofthe error message If the error condition can be immediately cleared you can do so by pressing Status while in the error status display Refer to section 4 15 for a description ofthe error status display There are three types of error messages Their descriptions are defined here and in TABLE 6 2 and TABLE 6 3 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 6 9 1 TypesofErrorMessages 75 m Instrument hardware e
108. s Register and Operation Event Register Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 48 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation 5 2 5 1 Standard Event Status Register Set The Standard Event Status Register reports the following interface related instru ment events power on detected command syntax errors command execution errors query errors operation complete Any or all of these events may be reported in the standard event summary bit through the enable register FIGURE 5 2 The Standard Event Status Enable command ESE programs the enable register and the query command ESE reads it ESR reads and clears the Standard Event Status Register The used bits ofthe Standard Event Register are described as follows m Power On PON Bit 7 this bit is set to indicate an instrument off on transition m Command Error CME Bit 5 this bit is set ifa command error has been detected since the last reading This means that the instrument could not interpret the command due to a syntax error an unrecognized header unrecognized termina tors or an unsupported command m Execution Error EXE Bit 4 this bit is set ifan execution error has been detected This occurs when the instrument is instructed to do something not within its capabilities m Query Error QYE Bit 2 this bit indicates a query error It occurs rarely and involves loss of data because the output queue is full m Operation Complete OPC Bit 0 when OP
109. s all pending operations Clears the interface but not the instrument The related instrument command is RST Standard Event Status Enable Register Command ESE lt bit weighting gt term nnn The Standard Event Status Enable Register determines which bits in the Standard Event Status Register will set the summary bit in the Status Byte This command pro grams the enable register using a decimal value that corresponds to the binary weighted sum of all bits in the register Refer to section 5 2 5 1 Standard Event Status Enable Register Query ESE term bit weighting term nnn Refer to command for description Standard Event Status Register Query KESR term bit weighting nnn Bits in this register correspond to various system events and latch when the event occurs When an event bit is set subsequent events corresponding to that bit are ignored Set bits remain latched until the register is reset by this query or a CLS com mand Refer to section 5 2 5 1 Identification Query IDN term lt manufacturer gt lt model gt lt serial gt lt firmware version gt term aaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaaa n n n n manufacture Manufacturer ID model Instrument model number serial Serial number firmware version Instrument firmware version main firmware DAC firmware LSCI MODEL648 1234567 1 0 1 0 Operation Complete Command koPC term Used in conjunction with bit O OPC ofthe Standard Event Status Regis
110. se or answerto a query string The response can be a reading value status report or the present value of a parameter Response data formats are listed along with the associated queries in section 5 4 The response is sent as soon as possible after the instrument receives the query It is important to remember that the user program is in charge of the USB communi cation at all times The instrument cannot initiate communication determine which device should be transmitting at a given time or guarantee timing between mes sages All of this is the responsibility of the user program When issuing commands the user program alone should m Properly format and transmit the command including the terminator as 1 string m Guarantee that no other communication is started for 50 ms after the last char acter is transmitted Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 4 CommandSummary 59 m Notinitiate communication more than 20 times s When issuing queries or queries and commands together the user program should m Properly format and transmit the query including the terminator as 1 string m Prepare to receive a response immediately m Receive the entire response from the instrument including the terminator m Guarantee that no other communication is started during the response or for 50 ms after it completes m Notinitiate communication more than 20 times s Failure to follow these simple rules will result in inability to establish communicatio
111. sents the sum ofthe bit weighting ofthe operational sta tus bits Refer to section 5 2 6 2 fora list of operational status bits Operational Status Enable Command OPSTE bit weighting term nnn Each bit has a bit weighting and represents the enable disable mask ofthe corre sponding operational status bit in the Operational Status Register This determines which status bits can set the corresponding summary bit in the Status Byte Register To enable a status bit send the command OPSTE with the sum ofthe bit weighting for each desired bit Refer to section 5 2 6 2 for a list of operational status bits Operational Status Enable Query OPSTE term bit weighting term nnn Referto section 5 2 6 2 for a list of operational status bits Operational Status Register Query OPSTR term bit weighting term nnn The integers returned represent the sum ofthe bit weighting ofthe operational sta tus bits These status bits are latched when the condition is detected This register is cleared when it is read Refer to section 5 2 6 2 fora list of operational status bits Output Current Ramp Rate Setting Command RATE rate term n nnnn rate Specifies the rate at which the current will ramp at when a new output current setting is entered 0 0001 A s through 50 000 A s Sets the output current ramp rate This value will be used in both the positive and negative directions Setting value is limited by LIMIT Output C
112. separate circuits the the Magnet cooling water hoses the main high current power lines and the safety switches These may include any combination of temperature and flow switches These connections are shown in FIGURE 2 2 2 4 1 Water Hose Water cooling is essential for these magnets The power dissipated can raise the Connection temperature ofthe coils to the point where they will be destroyed In addition the samples being tested may exhibit changes in their magnetic performance with changes in temperature causing errors in the collected data Typical water connection is shown in FIGURE 2 2 The magnets may be supplied with hose barbs or standard hose fittings The coils are connected in parallel so that the water temperature rise is the same for both Every effort should be made to insure that the flow rate in both coils is the same The minimum flow required is usually specified by the magnet vendor Magnet coil Magnet water connection Hose barb fitting Hose clamp Hose barb fitting Hose clamp Optional water valve Optional water filter Reenforced hose FIGURE 2 2 Typical magnet water hook up Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 2 4 2 MagnetCoilWiring 11 2 4 2 Magnet Coil Typical magnet coil wiring is shown in FIGURE 2 3 The connecting cable used should Wiring be of sufficient gage to prevent excessive voltage drop and heat rise in the cable The cables should be as short as possible to minimize the vo
113. shore com CRYOTRONICS 32 CHAPTER 4 Operation 4 3 Display Definition 4 4 LED Annunciators FIGURE 4 2 Model 648 power push buttons When the Model 648 isturned on the display showsthe Lake Shore logo and the alarm beeper sounds briefly After a few seconds a checking hardware message will appear in the center ofthe logo display while the instrument does an internal diag nostic to verify that everything is working Most ofthe instrument setup parameter values are retained when power is off with a few exceptions The output current will always be setto O Aanytimethe instrument is powered up When the instrument is powered on for the first time parameter values are set to their defaults as listed in TABLE 4 4 When initialization is complete the instrument will begin its normal reading cycle Current and voltage readings should appearon the display Any error messages will appear in the center of the display Messages listed in TABLE 6 2 are related to the instrument hardware and may require help from Lake Shore service The messages listed in TABLE 6 3 are related to instrument operation and may be corrected with user intervention The Model 648 should be allowed to warm up for a minimum of 30 min to achieve rated accuracy The Model 648 hasan 8 line by 40 character vacuum fluorescent VF display capable of showing both text and graphic images The features displayed during normal oper ation include current measurement voltag
114. sist with menu navigation See FIGURE 4 4 for key locations Refer to TABLE 4 3 for keypad descriptions Magnet Internal Water Water reme Display External Computer Setup Program Interface e Ramping Ramp Max e Y Segments Settings Status Compliance e Power Limit Fault FIGURE 4 4 Model 648 keypad and LED layout Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 34 CHAPTER 4 Operation Magnet water Selects the magnet water setup menu 4 13 Internal water Selects the internal water setup menu 4 14 Display setup Setsthe display brightness 4 6 iun Exits from parameter setting sequence without changing the parameter value 4 19 Press and hold to reset parameters to default values External program Setup the external current programming mode 4 16 Computer interface Setup RS 232C and IEEE 488 computer interfaces 4 18 Ramp segments Setup ramp segment values 4 9 Max settings Setup maximum setting limits for output current and ramp rate 4 12 Status Displays a summary of the instrument status 4 15 Enter Accepts a new parameter value press and hold to lock keypad 4 17 Oto9t Numeric data entry within a setting sequence 4 5 1 Up Increments a parameter selection or value 4 5 1 Down Decrements a parameter selection or value 4 5 1 Output setting Sets the output current 47 Ramprate Sets the output current ramp rate 4 8 Pauseramp unm ramp and holds the current
115. ssseeee 47 5 2 4 6 Reading Registers csse 47 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply Chapter 6 Service 5 2 4 7 Programming Registers 2 0 0 ieee eee e cece e tee e eet e tees 47 5 2 4 8 Clearing Registers 0 cee eee IE AEE ENDE EE teen nena 47 5 2 5 Status System Detail Status Register Sets 0 0 cece cece e ee ee eee ees 47 5 2 5 1 Standard Event Status Register Set 0 cece ee eeee eee ee een 48 5 2 5 2 Operation Event Register Set 48 5 2 6 Status System Detail Error Status Register Sets cc cece eee eee 49 5 2 6 1 Hardware Error Status Register Set sss 49 5 2 6 2 Operational Error Status Register Set sss 50 5 2 7 Status System Detail Status Byte Register and Service Request SRQ 51 5 2 7 1 Status Byte RESISTED ccecste Lesen ee eA RE E EE RENE 51 5 2 7 2 Service Request Enable Register sssssssssseesese 52 5 2 7 3 Using Service Request SRQ and Serial Poll 0065 52 5 2 7 4 Using Status Byte Query STB sssssssssssssssR 53 5 2 7 5 Using Message Available MAV Bit sssssssssssssse 53 5 2 7 6 Using Operation Complete OPC and Operation Complete Query FOPC sse 53 5 3 Serial Interface OVEIVIGW ssci ccearcecaxieeei E RESO HERRERA R EET ERR GA 54 5 3 1 Physical Connection sereia ea eee 54 5 3 2 Hardware Support sssssssssssssssssssssssses ee e eee esee 54 5 3 3 Installing the USB DIVE 14i ie
116. sten address before the instrument responds Only the addressed device responds to these commands The Model 648 recognizes three ofthe addressed bus control commands m SDC Selective Device Clear the SDC command performs essentially the same function as the DCL command except that only the addressed device responds m GTL Go To Local the GTL command is used to remove instruments from the remote mode With some instruments GTL also unlocks front panel controls if they were previously locked out with the LLO command Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 2 3 IEEE 488CommandsStructure 43 m SPE Serial Poll Enable and SPD Serial Poll Disable serial polling accesses the Service Request Status Byte Register This status register contains important operational information from the unit requesting service The SPD command endsthe polling sequence 5 2 3 2 Common Commands Common commands are addressed commands which create commonality between instruments on the bus All instruments that comply with the IEEE 488 1987 stan dard share these commands and their format Common commands all begin with an asterisk They generally relate to bus and instrument status and identification Common query commands end with a question mark Model 648 common com mands are detailed in section 5 4 and summarized in TABLE 5 7 5 2 3 3 Device Specific Commands Device specific commands are addressed commands The Model 648 supports a vari ety o
117. ster Sets 47 5 2 4 5 Service Request Enable Register The Service Request Enable Register determines which summary bits in the Status Byte will set the RQS MSS bit of the Status Byte You may write to or read from the Ser vice Request Enable Register Each Status Byte summary bit is logically ANDed to the corresponding enable bit of the Service Request Enable Register When you set a Ser vice Request Enable Register bit and the corresponding summary bit is set in the Sta tus Byte the RQS MSS bit of the Status Byte will be set which in turn sets the Service Request hardware line on the bus 5 2 4 6 Reading Registers You can read any register in the status system using the appropriate query command Some registers clear when read others do not section 5 2 4 8 The response toa query will be a decimal value that corresponds to the binary weighted sum of all bits inthe register TABLE 5 2 The actual query commands are described later through out section 5 2 4 Position B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 BO Decimal 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Weighting 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 Example If bits 0 2 and 4 are set a query of the register will return a decimal value of 21 1 4 16 TABLE 5 2 Binary weighting of an 8 bit register 5 2 4 7 Programming Registers The only registers that may be programmed by the user are the enable registers All other registers in the status system are read only regi
118. sters To program an enable register send a decimal value that corresponds to the desired binary weighted sum of all bits in the register TABLE 5 2 The actual commands are described throughout section 5 2 4 5 2 4 8 Clearing Registers The methods to clear each register are detailed in TABLE 5 3 Condition registers None Registers are not latched Event registers Standard event status register ESR clears Standard Event uery the event register Query 8 Status Register Operation event register Send CLS CLS clears both registers Power on instrument Enable registers Write Otothe ESE 0 clears Standard Event Standard Event Status Enable Register enable register Status Enable register Operation Event Enable Register Service Request Enable Register Power on instrument Status byte There are no commands that directly clear the status byte as the bits are If bit 5 ESB of the status byte is non latching to clear individual summary bits clear the event register that set send ESR to read the corresponds to the summary bit sending CLS will clear all event standard event status register registers which in turn clears the status byte and bit 5 will clear Power on instrument 5 2 5 Status System Detail Status Register Sets TABLE 5 3 Register clear methods As shown in FIGURE 5 1 there are two register sets in the status system of the Model 648 Standard Event Statu
119. summary bit in the Service Request Enable Register m Event Summary ESB Bit 5 set summary bit indicates that an enabled standard event has occurred Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 52 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation m Message Available MAV Bit 4 set summary bit indicates that a message is available in the output buffer m Bit 3 not used m Hardware Errors Summary HESB Bit 2 set summary bit indicates that an enabled hardware error event has occurred m Operational Errors Summary OESB Bit 1 set summary bit indicates that an enabled operational error event has occurred From operation condition register From standard event status register From output buffer From error status register hardware From error status register operational Status Byte 7 Register STB 7 6 5 4 83 25 t 90 Fsi bose ras vss ese v s res oes 2 Generate service request Reset by serial poll or oe a REM NOU CR CS RE EC Enable Register RE ose ese mav uss Hese oese usss SRE SRE FIGURE 5 7 Status byte register and service request enable register RQS MSS 5 2 7 2 Service Request Enable Register The Service Request Enable Register is programmed by the user and determines which summary bits of the Status Byte may set bit 6 RQS MSS to generate a Service Request Enable bits are logically ANDed with the corresponding
120. t the Standard Event Register set includes a condition regis ter as shown in FIGURE 5 1 The condition register constantly monitors the instru ment status The data bits are real time and are not latched or buffered The register is read only 5 2 4 2 Event Registers Each register set includes an event register as shown in FIGURE 5 1 Bits in the event register correspond to various system events and latch when the event occurs When an event bit is set subsequent events corresponding to that bit are ignored Set bits remain latched until the register is cleared by a query command such as ESR ora CLS command The register is read only 5 2 4 3 Enable Registers Each register set includes an enable register as shown in FIGURE 5 1 An enable regis ter determines which bits in the corresponding event register will set the summary bit forthe register set in the Status Byte You may write to or read from an enable reg ister Each event register bitis logically ANDed to the corresponding enable bit ofthe enable register When you set an enable register bit and the corresponding bit is set in the event register the output summary ofthe register will be set which in turn sets the summary bit ofthe Status Byte register Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 2 4 Status System Overview 45 Standard Event Status Register ESR Standard Event 7 T 6 T 5 4131 Status Enable Not ESE ESE PON CME EXE PON Power on CME
121. tage position Use TABLE 6 1 to determine the correct voltage position Place the wires into the appropriate screw terminals and tighten Verify solid tight screw connections to these four wires Replace the power wiring access panel using all perimeter screws Verify the voltage indicator in the window of the power wiring access panel uo 1o NO Lake Shore CRVOTBONICS www lakeshore com 72 CHAPTER 6 Service FIGURE 6 3 Voltage change detail 6 6 Circuit Breaker The main three phase input power is protected by an automatic reset circuit breaker Setting within the instrument Asmaller start up power supply is fused separately and discussed in section 6 7 If the breaker trips it will reset within a few minutes and the unit can be restarted If the unit trips again after a short time the circuit breaker trip current may be set incorrectly TABLE 6 1 shows required voltage and current settings 200V 50A 208V 50A 220V 46A 230V 46A 380V 37A 400V 37A 415V 37A TABLE 6 1 Voltage and current selection ANTES j NG To avoid potentially lethal shocks turn off the power supply and disconnect it from AC power before performing this procedure For continued protection against fire hazard use only the recommended current setting for the line voltage selected Use this procedure to verify or change the circuit breaker current setting Turn the front panel line power switch off Remove the main po
122. ted in the water cooled cold plate should low resis tance and high line conditions exist The Model 648 protects itself if operated into resistances outside of nominal limits By limiting current output it will safely operate into a shorted load and operate safely into high resistance loads by limiting voltage output The Model 648 is also protected against power loss under full operation and nominal magnet load Both low and high power line conditions are reported on the front panel display The Model 648 includes both parallel IEEE 488 and universal serial bus USB com puter interfaces that provide access to operating data stored parameters and remote control of all front panel operating functions The USB interface emulates an RS 232C serial port at a fixed 57 600 baud rate but with the physical connections of a USB This allows you to download firmware upgrades ensuring your supply is using the most current firmware version with no need for any physical changes The Model 648 also provides two analog monitors for output current and voltage The Model 648 has a large screen displaying output current and output voltage read ings simultaneously Five front panel LEDs provide quick verification of instrument status including ramping compliance fault power limit and computer interface mode Error conditions are indicated on the main display along with an audible beeper The most common functions of the power supply are accessed using a sing
123. ter If sent as the last command in a command sequence bit O will be set when the instrument completes the operation that was initiated by the command sequence Refer to section 5 2 5 1 for more information Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 62 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation OPC Returned Remarks RST Input Remarks KSRE Input Format Remarks KSRE Input Returned Format STB Input Returned Format Remarks TST Input Returned Format Remarks WAI Input Remarks Operation Complete Query OPC term 1 term Has no interaction with bit O OPC of the Standard Event Status Register If sent at the end of acommand sequence the bus will be held until the instrument completes the operation that was initiated by the command sequence Once the sequence is complete a 1 will be placed in the output buffer Refer to section 5 2 5 1 for more information Reset Instrument Command X RST term Sets controller parameters to power up settings Use the DFLT command to set fac tory defaults Service Request Enable Register Command SRE bit weighting gt term nnn The Service Request Enable Register determines which summary bits of the Status Byte may set bit 6 RQS MSS of the Status Byte to generate a Service Request This command programs the enable register using a decimal value that corresponds to the binary weighted sum of all bits in the register Refer to section 5 2 7 2
124. the defective Product is shipped freight prepaid back to Lake Shore Lake Shore will at its option either repair or replace the Product if it is so defective without charge for parts service labor or associated customary return shipping cost to the Pur 8 chaser Replacement for the Product may be by either new or equivalent in performance to new Replacement or repaired parts or a replaced Product will be warranted for only the unexpired portion ofthe original warranty or 90 days which ever is greater Lake Shore warrants the Product only if the Product has been sold by an authorized Lake Shore employee sales representa tive dealeroran authorized Lake Shore original equipment manufacturer OEM The Product may contain remanufactured parts equivalent to new in performance or may have been subject to incidental use 9 when itis originally sold to the Purchaser The Warranty Period begins on the date the Product ships from Lake Shore s plant This limited warranty does not apply to defects in the Product resulting from a improper or inadequate installation unless OT amp V services are performed by Lake Shore maintenance repair or calibration b fuses software power surges lightning and non rechargeable batteries c software interfacing parts or other supplies not furnished by Lake Shore d unauthorized modification or misuse e operation outside of the published specifications f improper site preparation or s
125. the time of shipment The accu racy and calibration ofthis productat the time of shipment are trace able to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST formerly known as the National Bureau of Stan dards NBS FIRMWARE LIMITATIONS Lake Shore has worked to ensure that the Model 648 firmware is as free of errors as possible and that the results you obtain from the instrument are accurate and reliable However as with any com puter based software the possibility of errors exists In any important research as when using any laboratory equipment results should be carefully examined and rechecked before final con clusions are drawn Neither Lake Shore nor anyone else involved in the creation or production of this firmware can pay for loss of time inconvenience loss of use ofthe product or property damage caused by this product or its failure to work or any other incidental or conse quential damages Use of our product implies that you understand the Lake Shore license agreement and statement of limited warranty FIRMWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT The firmware in this instrument is protected by United States copy right law and international treaty provisions To maintain the war ranty the code contained in the firmware must not be modified Any changes made to the code is at the user s risk Lake Shore will assume no responsibility for damage or errors incurred as result of any changes made to the firmware F
126. ting Lake Shore iiec esee Rr hm Ra t epe eR eed 79 6 12 2 Return of EQUIPMEN tre cessere tee dit bebe terry POPE AE ees 80 6 12 3 RMA Valid Period eorr erre nen tinara YNS nein iaaieueet ed 80 6 124 Shipping CHASES anu iooeec seed Lettere ands E eiu cl een IRR Ee e ne 80 612 5 REStOCKING Fee iere peer RR EI EY E n rca e een 80 Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 1 1 ProductDescription 1 Chapter 1 Introduction lee output FIGURE 1 1 Model 648 front view 1 1 Product iid und T ipolar linear true 4 quadrant output Description 135 A t75 V 9 1 kW Low noise 1 mA of programmed current resolution Analog programming and IEEE 488 and USB interfaces Built in fault protection The Model 648 electromagnet power supply is a robust fault tolerant 9 kW supply optimized for powering large 7 or 10 in research electromagnets It is specifically designed for high precision laboratory use requiring extremely low electrical noise The linear design removes undesirable higher frequency noise typical of switch mode power supplies Eliminating the need for external switching or operator intervention to reverse current polarity the Model 648 uses convenient bipolar 4 quadrant oper ation It is capable of supplying 135 A 75 V to a nominal 0 5 0 5 H load The Model 648 is builtto last with a rugged design integrated fault protection and a sim ple clean interior electronic design This robust power supply is developed to minimize
127. to change the external current program mode The external current programming input is a differential input with a sensitivity of 10 V 2 135A andan input impedance of 50 kO The programming voltage is limited internally to approximately 10 1 V category 1 but care must be taken to insure that maximum current capability of the magnet is never exceeded The output current and output voltage of the power supply can be monitored externally using the monitor output connections on the analog I O connector Each output is a buffered differential analog voltage representation ofthe signal being monitored The current monitor has a sensitivity of 7 V 135 A and the voltage monitor has a sensitivity of 7 5 V 75V Both outputs have a 20 O source impedance The Model 648 can be programmed externally with a computer Both USB and IEEE 488 ports are provided A USB port has been provided to allow remote computer control of the power supply Refer to Chapter 5 Computer Interface Operation Lake Shore CRVOTBONICS www lakeshore com 30 CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 11 2 IEEE 488 An IEEE 488 port has been provided to allow remote computer control ofthe power Interface Connection supply Refer to Chapter 5 Computer Interface Operation i A 10 32 screw has been provided for attaching an optional chassis ground assis Connection connection This connection is normally not required However occasionally there are noise problems associated with a fl
128. ug cover and screws Flow switch shipped attached 1 water hose cover shipped attached 14 mm hex key 1 power cable strain relief assembly 1 floor mounting kit Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 18 CHAPTER 3 Installation 3 2 1 Moving and Handling C CAUTION 3 3 Rear Panel Definition C CAUTION C CAUTION Casters are installed on the base to allow the unit to be rolled around Four lifting lugs are provided for ease of moving and handling the Model 648 Always use all four lift ing lugs when lifting the unit Because of its weight the Model 648 should be handled by mechanical means To avoid injury to personnel always observe proper lifting techniques in accordance with OSHA and other regulatory agencies This section defines the rear panel of the Model 648 Rear panel information is summarized in TABLE 3 1 For each feature referto the corresponding sections that contain installation instructions and connector pin outs Verify that the Model 648 has been set up for the proper line voltages Make rear panel connections with the instrument power off Voltage selection 28 DIN terminals are provided behind a wiring cover to facilitate setting the correct input voltage section 3 4 1 Circuit breaker oo current auto resetting circuit breaker is provided behind a wiring cover to protect main power cir section 3 4 2 Fuses 2A class CC fuses 2 are provided behind a wiring
129. ult TF Bit 4 this bit is set if the internal temperature of the instrument exceeded the maximum safe value The instrument will shut down within 10 seconds of detecting this fault m Output Over Voltage OOV Bit 3 this bit is set ifthe output voltage exceeded the compliance voltage limit setting m Output Over Current OOC Bit 2 this bit is set ifthe output current exceeds the maximum output current of the instrument The instrument will shut down within 10 seconds of detecting this fault m DAC Processor Not Responding DAC Bit 1 this bit is set to indicate that com munication to the DAC processor has failed m Output Control Failure OCF Bit 0 this bit is set if there is a failure on the out put control board Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 50 eRe ERSTE s ow oon oecor oer CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation Error Status Condition Register ERST Bit Name 7 6 5 42 3 2 1 90 Es os ose e oov oer ocn Error Status 7 Event Register Meal ERSTR To Bit 2 HESB of Status Byte Register see Figure 5 1 Error Status Bit Name 27 6e 5 4 a3 2 t1 90 FIGURE 5 5 Hardware error status register 5 2 6 2 Operational Error Status Register Set The Operational Error Status Register reports the following instrument operational error events remote enable fault detected power supply flow switch fault detected magnet flow switch
130. umper must be installed across the flow switch contacts for proper operation Menu Navigation Magnet Water Auto On Off Disabled Default Disabled Interface Command INTWTR Error messages appear in the center of the instrument display when a problem is identified during operation The fault LED will also light to indicate error conditions blinking for operational errors and on continuously for instrument hardware errors Refer to section 6 9 for a listing of all the error conditions When an error condition occurs the name of the error is shown in the display alternately with the message Press Status Key for More Info Press Status to bring up a screen that will show an extended description of the error To enter the error status display press Status while in the main display A new screen appears The screen will differ depending on the error that is being displayed If there are no errors to report the display message will read No errors reported Menu Navigation Status Screen differs Interface Command ERSTE Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 4 16 External Current Programming C CAUTION 4 17 Locking the Keypad 4 12 2 Maximum CurrentRampRate 39 The output current of the Model 648 can be set internally externally or by the sum of the external and internal settings m Internal default the current is controlled internally by entering a setting from the front panel using Output Setting Refer t
131. urations covering seven different input voltages The nominal voltage and voltage tap setting and the circuit breaker current setting for each configuration is shown in TABLE 3 2 Verify that the unit is configured correctly for the voltage being applied to the unit before applying power Voltage tap Circuit breaker 200V 50A 208 V 50A 220V 46A 230V 46A 380V 37A 400 V 37A 415V 37A TABLE 3 2 Voltage and current selection Changing line voltage is accomplished by moving four wires to the required voltage terminals The required location is shown in FIGURE 3 2 To change the voltage setting follow these procedures 1 Loosen the four terminal screws in the voltage change terminal block to which the wires are connected 2 Movethe wires to the required voltage position The wires are held in place in a locator card to maintain their spacing and prevent miswiring 3 Loosen the screws in the new terminal location four full turns to allow the entry ofthe wires 4 Moveallfour wires at once by lifting the locator card to extract the wires from the terminals 5 Move the card and wires to the correct location and insert the wires completely so that the card rests against the terminals 6 While holding the locator card in place to keep the wires fully inserted tighten the terminal screws The recommended torque requirement is 0 5 Nm 7 Tighten the four terminals where the wires were previously ERN
132. urrent Ramp Rate Setting Query RATE term rate term n nnnn referto command for description Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply RDGI Input Returned Format RDGV Input Returned Format RSEG Input Format Remarks RSEG Input Returned Format RSEGS Input Format Remarks RSEGS Input Returned Format SETI Input Format Remarks 5 4 CommandSummary 67 Current Output Reading Query RDGI term lt current gt term nn nnnn current Actual measured output current Output Voltage Reading Query RDGV term voltage term n nnnn voltage Actual output voltage measured at the power supply terminals Ramp Segments Enable Command RSEG enable term n term enable Specifies if ramp segments are to be used O Disabled 1 Enabled Ramp segments are used to changethe output current ramp rate based on the output current Ramp segments need to be setup first using the RSEGS command Ramp Segments Enable Query RSEG term enable term n referto command for description Ramp Segments Parameters Command RSEGS segment current rate term n nnn nnn n nnnn term segment Specifies the ramp segment to be modified 1to 5 current Specifies the upper coutput current setting that will use this segment 0 0000 4135 100 A rate Specifies the rate at which the current will ramp at when the output currentis in this segment 0
133. use drawer 6 5 Line Voltage Selection A WARNING 6 3 3 Intermittent Lockups 71 The Model 648 may be configured for seven basic AC power configurations 200 VAC 208 VAC 220 VAC 230 VAC 380 VAC 400 VAC and 415 VAC Proper voltage selection must be made before connection to the power mains Each configuration requires the appropriate wiring within the power wiring access panel on the rear of the instrument Nominal line voltages and appropriate selections are shown in TABLE 6 1 Refer to section 3 4 1 for further details See FIGURE 6 2 for general locations Output cable connection Analog I O connector Auxiliary connector Magnet connector Voltage change terminal block Flow switch Fuse holder connector m Circuit breaker Water control valve connector FIGURE 6 2 Model 648 rear panel Left Bottom half shown with wiring cover removed Right Top half Use the following procedure to change the instrument line voltage To avoid potentially lethal shocks turn off the power supply and disconnect it from AC power before performing this procedure 1 Identify the power wiring access panel on the rear ofthe Model 648 2 Removethe perimeter screws holding the power wiring access panel 3 Observe the four voltage selection wires held by the clear plastic wiring guide FIGURE 6 3 4 Loosenthe screw terminals presently holding the four wires Relocate the four wires using the wiring guide to the desired vol
134. used or automatically with a solenoid valve The Model 648 provides automatic control and a 24 VAC at 1A output for this purpose The optional water valve is shown in FIGURE 2 2 The water inlet line should also be fitted with a sediment filter not shown to reduce scale build up in the magnet coils and connecting lines Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 2 4 5 Grounding 2 4 6 Final Check Out 2 5 Electromagnet Operation 2 5 1 Air Gap and Pole Caps 2 5 2 Maximum Current and Power 2 4 5 Grounding 13 A ground connection tapped hole is usually available at the rear ofthe electromagnet frame This ground point is provided for customers who would like to use the electromagnet frame as a signal ground or will be bringing hazardous live voltages nearthe electromagnet and would like to make it an electrical safety ground Please verify suitability for such a function and compatibility with local and national electrical codes before making ground connections Scrape off excess paint nearthe connecting screw to ensure a good electrical contact with the bare steel of the electromagnet frame When all ofthe connections have been made the system should be tested to be sure it is operating correctly The settings for the magnet water should be checked to verify that they are correct for the configuration which has been installed section 4 13 The maximum current setting for the magnet should be set also section 2 5 2 and section 4 12 1
135. versions press and hold Escape for 5 s Ascreen appears to show the main firmware version the DAC processor firmware version and is a prompt for returning the instrument parameters to default values Default parameter values are listed in TABLE 4 4 Output settings Output current 0A Current ramp rate 50 000 A s Maximum settings Max output current 135 1A Max ramp rate 50 000 A s External program mode External program mode Internal Ramp segments Ramp segments Disabled Ramp segments current OA Ramp segments rate 1 0000 A s Display Brightness 25 Keypad locking State Unlocked Lock code 123 Computer interface Baud 57 600 IEEE 488 address 12 IEEE 488 terminators CR LF Mode Local Water settings Magnet water Disabled Internal water Disabled Indicates value is also initialized on power up TABLE 4 4 Default parameter values Menu Navigation Escape Press and hold for 5 s gt Yes No Interface Command DFLT Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 5 1 General 41 9 Chapter 5 Computer Interface 5 1 General 5 2 IEEE 488 Interface Operation This chapter provides operational instructions for the computer interface for the Lake Shore Model 648 electromagnet power supply Either of the two computer interfaces provided with the Model 648 permit remote operation The first is the IEEE 488 Interface described in section 5 2 The second is the serial Interface described in
136. wer from the Model 648 using the disconnect switch Identify the power wiring access panel on the rear of the Model 648 Remove the perimeter screws holding the power wiring access panel Refer to FIGURE 6 2 to locate the fuse detailed in FIGURE 6 5 mod mp Model 648 Electromagnet Power Supply 6 7 Power Line Fuse Replacement AWARNING 1 CAUTION 6 3 3 IntermittentLockups 73 6 Liftthe circuit breaker access door and visually confirm the setting as shown in FIGURE 6 4 FIGURE 6 4 Circuit breaker 7 Ifthe setting is incorrect use a small straight blade screwdriver to rest it accord ing to TABLE 6 1 8 Close the circuit breaker access door 9 Replacethe power wiring access panel using all perimeter screws The Model 648 uses a low power start up power supply to provide powerto the main contactor coil through multiple thermal safety switches The start up supply is energized any time the three phase power input voltage is connected to the Model 648 This section deals with the fuses for this supply If the power line fuses for this supply are open the Model 648 internal three phase contactor will not close and normal operation will not be possible Access to these fuses is through the power wiring access panel To avoid potentially lethal shocks turn off the power supply and disconnect it from AC power before performing this procedure For continued protection against fire hazard replace only with the same fuse type
137. with the instru ment while the initial process executes Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 54 CHAPTER 5 Computer Interface Operation 5 3 Serial Interface Overview 5 3 1 Physical Connection 5 3 2 Hardware Support 5 3 3 Installing the USB Driver The OPC query has no interaction with bit O OPC ofthe Standard Event Status Reg ister If the DPC query is sent at the end of a command sequence the bus will be held until the instrument completes the operation that was initiated by the com mand sequence Additional commands except RST should not be sent until the operation is complete as erratic operation will occur Once the sequence is complete a 1 will be placed in the output buffer This function is typically used to signal a com pleted operation without monitoring the SRQ It is also used when itis important to prevent any additional communication on the bus during a pending operation The Model 648 USB interface provides a convenient way to connect to most modern computers as a USB interface is provided on nearly all new PCs as ofthe writing of this manual The USB interface is implemented as a virtual serial com port connec tion This implementation provides a simple migration path for modifying existing RS 232 based remote interface software It also provides a simpler means of commu nicating than a standard USB implementation The Model 648 has a B type USB connectoron the rear panel This is the sta
138. ws the arrow is the next item you would see on the screen or the next action that you will need to perform C E This symbol indicates that you will need to press Enter until you arrive at the desired feature D Italic type The italic type indicate that there is a setting that needs to be selected The items that follow the italicized word and which are in parentheses are the avail E Parentheses able selections to which you can set the desired feature TABLE 4 1 Menu navigation key Ensure the unit is configured for the appropriate AC line voltage The instrument may be damaged if it is turned on with the incorrect voltage selected Instructions for checking line voltage selection are given in section 3 4 1 Be sure the unit is connected to an appropriate load before applying power The Model 648 will not turn on if an emergency stop switch is not connected or a jumper is not put in its place on the Auxiliary connector at the rear of the unit The unit will not turn onifitis connected to a voltage source more than 10 greater than the voltage for which itis configured The power On and Off buttons are located in the lower right corner of the front panel Press On to energize the Model 648 The Model 648 can be de energized by pressing Off by pressing an optional remote emergency stop button or by the Model 648 soft ware when a hazardous fault condition is detected The On and Off buttons are shown in FIGURE 4 2 Lake Shore www lake
139. y connector wiring The power supply connectors provide terminals for a mandatory water flow switch and an optional cooling water control solenoid valve The flow switch must have a normally closed contact rated at 5 V at 10 mA Contact closure is required to enable the Model 648 output To operate a water control solenoid valve for the power supply cooling water 24 VAC at 1 Ais provided This output is controlled by the power supply either automatically via software or manually through the internal water menu Water control is desirable to reduce water consumption when the water comes from a municipal facility Turning the water off when itis not required also reduces the probability of condensation within the power supply and connecting tubing If the cooling water comes from a facility chiller system condensation is not usually a problem and a control valve is not required FIGURE 3 10 shows some typical power supply connector wiring Flow Flow switch switch Water Water valve valve Switch only Valve and switch FIGURE 3 10 Typical power supply connector wiring Two 12 7 mm 0 5 in hose barbs are provided to connect to cooling water The connection to the cooling water source should be made with two 12 7 mm 0 5 in I D fiberglass reinforced hoses and two 20 mm 25 32 in adjustable hose clamps In addition we recommend the installation of a sediment filter in the input line A typical water hose connection is shown in FIGURE 3 11
140. y follows the operation of the fault light on the front panel Both normally open and normally closed configu rations are provided The fault contact name represents the state of the contact in a powered off fault condition For example the normally closed NC fault con tact will be closed during a power off fault condition and open during normal operation The contacts are electrically isolated from the Model 648 chassis Remote enable these contacts are similar in function to the flow switch inputs Normal enabled operation requires a closed connection between the pins EMERGENCY STOP CHASSIS FAULT NO L2 FAULT COM FAULT NC AUXILIARY REMOTE ENABLE Ad aad l Wal tal EI 1 tal FIGURE 6 8 Auxiliary connector Emergency stopA Emergency stop B Chassis common Fault NO Fault COM Fault NC XO UW Ff WN H Chassis common TABLE 6 6 Auxiliary connector details Lake Shore www lakeshore com CRYOTRONICS 78 CHAPTER 6 Service 6 11 4 Power Supply This section describes the flow switch and the water control valve Water connectors 6 11 4 1 Flow Switch The flow switch connector provides the means to connect the mandatory water flow switch closed during flow to protect the Model 648 from loss of water flow When water is flowing pins 1 and 2 will be closed allowing normal operation FIG URE 6 9 Flow switch connector Flow switch com
141. y when in Disabled mode to allow the use of a flow switch even when no water valve is used If no flow switch or water valve is present then a jumper must be installed across the flow switch contacts for proper operation Menu Navigation Magnet Water Auto On Off Disabled Default Disabled Interface Command MAGWTR The Model 648 provides power to control an external water solenoid control valve to control the cooling water for the power supply The setup ofthe valve control is avail able in the internal water menu The four menu selections are Auto On Off and Dis abled Disabled is the default setting m Auto mode the water valve will be energized when the power in the internal power devices exceeds 200 W When the power drops below 200 W the valve will remain energized for an additional minute to remove any residual heat build up m On mode the valve will be energized whenever the power supply is on This fea ture can also be used when the Model 648 is first installed to purge air from the lines The Off menu selection can be used to turn it off m Disabled mode the Model 648 assumes that no valve is installed and the line for internal water status will not be displayed The internal water flow switch is monitored whenever the water valve is energized It is also monitored continuously when in Disabled mode to allow the use of a flow switch even when no water valve is used If no flow switch or water valve is present thena j

648 Manual - Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.

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