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HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE

1. es Wea a a P 9 Meike ehorls Sor GINO M SITE NO TYPE OF FROM COMMENTS DATA _DATE_ TIME _DATE TINE TEIRC 840304 2001560 1215000 91 07 2 151500 81215 O4USCO 6408621 1 849926 3000 es guz 1 1 8 4 TIIS PORTION BE RETAINED WS Forn 61A THIS PORTION TO BE RETURNED Recolved the s Tu uud c hrisichureh ____ Signed acs yess E To Red ey eles Me get a Dale a Figure 5 WS61 form 9 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 9 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Documents Form WS68A Form WS68B Form WS68C Form WS68D 10 Whitech No 22507995 bus 1 3597 Figure 6 WS68 forms HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 10 Office Procedures Initial EDP Paper Tape Data The mid tape correction forms WS68B and WS68D do not need to be used if the translation specifications are printed and attached to the original plot Where adjustments are to be made to either time or stage throughout the data the following must be
2. ON z NN gis a H 9 AM jt tt FN 14 11 af ty a ba gt i Tm BS o beg 6 i f 11 1402 tt 14 1 11 it 1 1 Figure 1 Station register form WS16 5 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 5 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 421440 Q I314 ADO IONGAH Type of recorder tape chart Pulley size 100 369 mm Punch interval _ __ secs PROCESSING TRANSFER 8 7 jo 84 AT 12 54 1 65 7 35 85 Compression range __ __ mm Site 63009 Figure 2 Water level recorder register Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 S24npa204q af fO Juaunoo q AJIL OVYd 421440 Q T414 ADO IONGAH Type of recorder Fischer Eves Time interval _ 360 Bucket size PROCESSING Translated Checkgauge Recorder Catchment Raingauge Site number Figure 3 Raingauge register Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 TRANSFER 2236119 saunpar0ig a21ffQ SJUAUNIOG Office Procedures Documents Oe m Clarence EI d Acheron Whieci 15 Forbes Road Clacence Selwyn Stony Sieny Ck Sawbench Reed Figure 4 Gauging register 1 2 3 Permanent Identificatio
3. T alarm Indicator 7 am oy ALARM LJ raise pen MES C pen movement controls Figure 23 Watanabe plotter 39 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 39 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Paper Tape Reader Front Panel Controls 2 4 PAPER TAPE READER MWD uses a standard Enviro Labs 16 track paper tape reader which has been modified to provide computer control to increase the reliability of readings The selector box has to be switched to the tape reader before use see figure 19 2 4 1 Front Panel Controls An illustration of the front panel appears in figure 24 ON OFF SWITCH When the power to the reader is on the lamp above the switch is illuminated If the lamp fails to glow check that the reader is plugged in REV FWD SWITCH Paper movement is regulated by a stepping motor located to the left of the read head This switch controls the stepping motor direction and hence the direction of the paper feed The take up spool motor only works when the stepping motor is running forwards GENERAL CLEAR This button is pressed to initiate a new operation It is usually pressed to start the reader or to tell it that the mode of control has been changed see Manual Auto Switch 8CH 16CH SWITCH This switch can be ignored because it is not connected to anything DISPLAY TEST When this button is pressed the display should show 8888 If it doesn t return the reader to WSIS
4. 1 Tape Translation Switch the ALTOS disk drive unit and the VDU on making sure that the selector box is switched to the tape reader position see page 40 Failure to do this before using process RTAPE will result in the ALTOS getting confused and not responding to anything 11 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Il Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Paper Tape Data WITHOUT EDITING EDITING REQUIRED i reader TIDEDA edit the translator buffer RTAPE 79MM TSTAGE TRAIN us P 1 or TEVENT AS to check PLGRAPH for series amp rainfall data DT PDAY for rainfall data Figure 7 Flow diagram showing 16 track paper tape translation and processing gram tur zs lt fe 2 gt 2 12 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 12 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Data Insert the micro TIDEDA PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your WORKING Disk in Drive B then boot the system by pushing the RESET button see figure 19 When the prompt A gt appears type A gt TIDEDA lt cr g
5. s Manual Unless otherwise indicated all processes referred to in this handbook are from micro TIDEDA and have not been individually referenced Processes for Data Entry RTAPE translates 16 track paper tape data into the translator buffer TSTAGE transforms stage data in the buffer into TIDEDA format and adds it to the file TRAIN transforms event rainfall data in the buffer into TIDEDA format and adds it to the file TEVENT transforms event stage data in the buffer into TIDEDA format and adds it to the file ADDATA allows manual entry of series data and ratings to a list file TLIST merges data from a list file on to the TIDEDA file Processes for File Management COPY copies specified data from one file to another BCOPY copies a specified batch of data from one file to another SELECT copies specified data from one site to another DELETE deletes specified data BDELETE deletes a specified batch of data GAP removes gap markers at the start of batches enabling the joining together of consecutive batches of data RELEASE removes obsolete data which has been revised releasing the space for reuse BSCAN gives a summary of batches on the file LIST allows the listing of or writing to a dataset for editing spec ified data RLIST allows the listing of or writing of the translator buffer to an editing dataset RESET must be used when a new DATA Disk is inserted in Drive B END gets you out of micro TIDEDA and back
6. Published for the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority by the Hydrology Centre Ministry of Works and Development P O Box 1479 Christchurch Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 PREFACE This handbook describes the current procedures used by the Ministry of Works and Development MWD for the capture of hydrological data Applications of this data are primarily made using a mainframe computer to to which all data are transferred from field offices where it is captured on microcomputers The equipping of field offices with microcomputers in 1982 has meant that it is now possible to more rapidly process data and to better maintain its quality Much of the content of section 1 of the handbook was determined with the assistance of field party leaders during an hydrology workshop held in Christchurch in November 1983 I would like to thank the participants at that meeting and the many other MWD staff who have contributed to this handbook Special thanks must go to Barbara Vaile for the many hours she has spent editing and consolidating this handbook into its present form D A McMILLAN 30 June 1985 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE INTRODUCTION SECTION 1 OFFICE PROCEDURES 1 1 Disks 1 1 1 Maintenance of site and gauging disks 1 2 Docu
7. The change will be made and the cursor will appear at the end of the change If there is more than one substitution to be made prefix the command with the number of occurrences or a number larger than the possible occurrence Thus 999Sold string new string V lt cr gt 54 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 54 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software Proprietary Programs DATASTAR WORDMASTER actions all commands from the current cursor position to the end of the file Therefore you must either return to the beginning of the file each time by typing ESCAPE and then B cr after the or precede your command with i e minus thus 999Sold string new string V lt cr gt will correct all the occurrences of the old string from the current cursor position back to the start of the file Once you have finished your editing session type ESCAPE When the appears at the bottom of the screen type E to exit and save and you will be returned to the CP M system If you want to save what you ve already done so that you won t lose too much if there s a power cut for example type S Your editing will be saved and you will be returned to the beginning of the file If however you discover that you ve been editing the wrong file or have completely messed up the right one simply type Q to quit The program will ask you if you want to abandon type Y and you will be returned to the CP M system wit
8. 2 Files and File Names Programs and collections of data on the disk are called files and each file must have a different file name The same file name can be used for different files on different disks without confusing the operating system since it automatically adds the Drive name to it Thus for example the file TIDEDA 001 on Drive is recognised as A TIDEDA 001 while a file of the same name on Drive B is recognised as B TIDEDA 001 File names consist of three parts an optional drive name a main name and an extension The drive name does not have to be specified unless you are requesting a file from or creating a file on a drive other than the Working Drive The main name can be made up of one to eight characters The extension which is also optional is generally used to identify the type of file and consists of a dot followed by up to three characters The following file names are all valid B TIDEDA 001 TIDE TXT TIE A file can have any extension but the extensions listed in table 2 are normally reserved for the stated type of file Table 2 Commonly used file name extensions Extension File Type Backup file created by the text editor WORDMASTER BAS BASIC language source program COM Compiled program DEF Defines the format of each record in a DTA file DTA File of text data written by a data entry program File of text data written micro TIDEDA NDX Index to a DTA file 001 1 mi
9. and the efficient use of space on disks 49 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 49 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software micro TIDEDA Using micro TIDEDA d processes controlling the software s operating environment which specify the disk files to be processed and enable the user to carry out a succession of pre defined tasks which can then be run without further intervention on his her part 3 2 1 Using micro TIDEDA To start up micro TIDEDA place the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your WORKING Disk in Drive B Press the RESET button on the disk drive unit see figure 19 to alert the CP M system and when the prompt A appears type A gt TIDEDA lt cr gt Micro TIDEDA will sign on and ask for the name of the disk drive which contains your DATA file Welcome to WOOD MOUSE TIDEDA Which disk drive has your data B lt gt Pressing the return key will let it know you want the drive shown in brackets 1 drive Micro TIDEDA now reads the directory from your DATA file in this example B TIDEDA 001 and asks for a command by issuing the prompt Which Process When this message appears type the name of the process you wish to use For example to exit micro TIDEDA type END lt cr gt when the prompt appears Which Process END cr The program responds with Thank you for flying WOOD MOUSE Airlines A Figure 25 illustrates the processes available in micro TIDEDA an
10. answered before proceeding a can you provide reasons for the adjustments b are the adjustments consistent with the previous batch of data c is any follow up field work necessary and have the appropriate people been notified Answers to a and b must be fully documented on the original plot Attach the WS68 form to the beginning of the tape leaving at least 300 mm of blank tape for starting the translator correctly If there is only limited tape available either add extra tape or attach the mid tape checks form to the reverse side As these forms are the only record of adjustments to the original observations the need for clear annotation is obvious When the translation is completed update the processing section of the appropriate register s accordingly At the same time check that all processing steps for the previous batch or batches of data for that particular site have been completed Note All field data should be processed and updated in chronological order for each site 1 3 INITIAL ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING This section sets out the electronic data processing steps to be applied to the different field observations 1 3 1 16 Track Paper Tape Data Figure 7 presents a flow diagram showing the steps to follow for the translation and subsequent micro TIDEDA processing of 16 track paper tape data Corrections arising because of recorder or translator malfunctions are made when necessary in the editing steps
11. it there A second S will Start it scrolling again CTRL P P allows you to Print whatever is displayed on the screen Press P to lock the printer in before pressing the cr to execute another command Once you have locked the printer in anything you bring up on the screen will also be printed A second P is necessary to release the printer again For P to work the printer must be attached switched on and ON LINE see pages 35 38 CTRL C C can be used at any time to Cancel whatever program or function you are using and return you directly to the CP M system This has no disastrous effects and is the usual way to stop some thing that has got out of hand it is called a WARM BOOT The CP M prompt gt or B should appear after a C 46 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 46 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software CP M Operating System CP M Commands The following examples of CP M commands are set out exactly the way the computer expects to see them Therefore when you come to use them on your files substitute your file names and the appropriate drive name but do not change the order spacing or punctuation DIR gives a DIRectory of all the files on the disk in the named drive By typing A gt DIR B cr you will display on the screen a list of all the files on Drive B which is normally the drive in which you will have your WORKING Disk ERA will ERAse the named file Unti
12. on the ALTOS is called CP M the name being an acronym for Control Program for Microprocessors When the prompt A gt or B gt appears on the screen it indicates that CP M is ready to receive commands from the user The first word of a command is taken as the name of a program stored on floppy disk and when you issue a command to CP M it will execute the program If you require further details refer to Digital Research Corpor ation 1978 Introduction to CP M Features and Facilities 3 1 1 The Working Drive The Working Drive is identified by the CP M prompt When A gt appears the Working Drive is A and when B it is B Drives are referred to as a letter followed immediately by a colon files mentioned without a specific drive name are assumed to be on the Working Drive and can be obtained by simply typing the file name for example gt lt gt If the Working Drive is A and you wish to run the program PIP which is on Drive B you must tell the computer to look for it on Drive B by typing A gt B PIP lt cr gt or change the Working Drive by typing gt lt gt gt lt gt Because CP M can execute a program from either drive you do not need to have copies of programs on your WORKING Disk so keep all programs on a PROGRAM Disk 43 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 43 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software CP M Operating System Files 3 1
13. the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 PROCEDURES Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 _ Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SECTION 1 OFFICE PROCEDURES This section sets out the procedures necessary to provide sufficient accessible information to enable the compilation of a history of all the operations applied to hydrological data from the time of its measurement in the field to its final deposit in the MWD TIDEDA archive These procedures supersede the relevant parts of MWD 1978 Instructions for the Preparation of River Flow Reports and complement Thompson and Rodgers 1985 Micro TIDEDA User s Manual note all the processes and functions unless otherwise referenced come from the latter and are not separately referenced As soon as observations reach the field office whether by telemetry punched tape or on handwritten forms they are entered in the field office microcomputer which then produces plots of the data These original plots are a backup for all subsequent data processing and are kept as archived documents in site folders They are a convenient place to write notes because it is clear what the notes are about and in many cases the plot shows evidence of errors that require explanations Original plots of gauging cross sections and rating curves along with the various time graphs equivalent to the documents previously available from
14. you will have to erase some other files to make room 47 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 47 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software CP M Operating System Maintenance Programs REN is used to REName a file on the same disk You must specify the drive then give the new name followed by the old name Typing A gt REN B RAIN TXT XYZ DTA cr will change the name of the file on Drive B from XYZ DTA to RAIN TXT STAT gives STATistical information about the size of files and the amount of space left on the disk in the specified drive Disks have approximately 450k of user storage space So to ensure that there is enough room left on your disk to file your data type A gt STAT B cr which will give details of every file on Drive B and tell you how much space is left on disk TYPE lists the contents of the named file on the screen If the file is not one containing printable characters e g a file with the exten sion COM nonsense will appear on the screen Type A gt TYPE B XYZ DTA lt cr gt and the contents of XYZ DTA will start scrolling on the screen You can use 75 to keep stopping and starting the scrolling until you have read the whole file or all you want You can also print the file as long as you alert the printer first by pressing P before pressing the lt cr gt which starts the scrolling As soon as lt cr gt is pressed the information will scroll up the scr
15. 1 109183 Tahekenu 8 Glenstra 830906 213 56 109154 Mohaka Raupunga 830530 48 547 102165 Mohaka 109174 Raupunga 830705 53 8163 Raupunga 830604 109 20 102184 Mohaka Raupunga 830907 43 7245 109157 Mohaka Glenfall 830527 23 434 109163 Mehaka Glenfall 830704 29 6192 109171 Mohaka Glenfall 830727 25 4923 109179 Mohaka Glenfall 830901 25 2428 109153 Mohaka Willowfl 830530 42 7409 Figure 17 Output from DASDIR program showing contents of F4A DTA file 26 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 26 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Quality Assurance Validation 1 4 2 Validation To validate data en route to the VCC archive the QAS a checks that new batches of data follow on from previously filed data and that there are data from all sites listed in a hydro logical survey programme if there is a gap then a comment for the period refer to pages 18 20 Comment Data is made on the TRANSFER Disk b plots hydrographs for visual inspection c checks the adequacy of gaugings against hydrographs and on the current rating curves d compares records from adjacent sites The processes used by the QAS to validate data en route to the VCC archive are also available to field parties Data not passing this valid ation will be brought to the attention of the appropriate field party leader Consistent errors by one field party will be brought to the atten t
16. C for servicing MANUAL AUTO This switch sets the mode of control When set to MANUAL the tape can be read directly by the user and positioned using the Paper Advance Step switch When the switch is set to AUTO the reader can be controlled by the computer The position of this switch is read by the computer only when the General Clear button is pressed and so to change modes press the Manual Auto switch followed immediately by the General Clear button PAPER ADVANCE STEP This three position switch controls the speed of the reader When the switch is in its central position the reader operates at maximum speed If it is raised to the Paper Advance position the speed may be reduced and controlled by the frame rate knob The slower speeds are useful for reading torn tapes The step function can only be used in the manual mode and will move the tape to the next reading DISPLAY TIME This knob controls the duration of a manual reading 5 this function is rarely used leave the knob in the fully anti clockwise and locked position 40 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 40 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Paper Tape Reader Front Panel Controls OQ FERME POWER 2 04 8888 REV FWp GENERAL h DISPLAY MANUAL ADVANCE le 5 8Ch AUTO STEP tape path during reading take up spool Figure 24 Enviro Labs 16 track paper tape reader FRAME RATE After raising
17. COPRECTIONS CHOC Die APPARENT GATE TIME STAGE 1 Sand ez sul S300 1 2 THY OF tal CUPP RE SS BDD 0 He values reduced Frat FOUND HAS esI Hag End of Figure 8 Original plot with TSTAGE printout of the parameters used 15 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 15 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Paper Tape Data For all sites the first plot becomes the original document If any correct ions are applied another plot is necessary to show their effects figure 9 Also refer to 1 2 Documents 3 Checking Rainfall Data To check the TRAIN translated data prepare a tabulation of the daily rainfall using process PDAY If the data are to be checked against an NZ Meteorological Service gauge use PWEEK to tabulate the daily totals from 0900 h to 0900 h NZDT Remember to switch to the printer see figure 19 or no printout will result Add the following to the printout by hand a date the data were translated b signature of the processor c notes of any corrections made or problems encountered Finally make sure all relevant parts of the raingauge register figure 3 have been completed Note The purpose of an automatic raingauge is to measure rainfall intensity Where a considerable discrepancy occurs between the recorder and the che
18. Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Comment Data SERIES DATA RATINGS pe Nery Smeal vl TIDEDA TIDEDA ADDATA ADDATA LIST ED LIST ED TLIST TLIST PLGRAPH VN PLRATE print processes OR to eens to check 3 uiu 1 Figure 10 Flow diagram showing manual data and rating table input using process ADDATA 19 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 19 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Flow Ratings FIELD NUMBERS Date 2 Time Figure 11 DATASTAR form COMMENT for entering comment data using TIDEDA processes ADCOMMENT and MELEM MWD 1982 inform the QAS of the site name and the VCC water district it is to be stored in when the first batch of series data is sent for updating Comments covering the accuracy of data and gaps in records should be informative coherent and identify the period s for which the data are suspect 1 3 5 Flow Ratings The construction and identification of changes in stage discharge ratings will be covered in detailed procedures still under development To add rating co ordinates to a file TIDEDA use process ADDATA which enters ratings into a list file figure 10 To smooth rating changes enter a start date and hour when the previous rating begins to lose effect and a later effective date and hour when the new rating is in full effect If no smoot
19. E M dh ee PRA OR cor c ders Number Wange i Remarks Type Punch out lured yl Teleme lered Radio FoP wb iin 75 D 75400 15 minvies 282 230 w 72 Kent 93 73 om 7 days 282 230 AL zero 8 282 230 Pel ilat 282 288 RL imer stilling r cordot Calle sani Eos lao Nu valle sheakioes imr try eS _ 0 0000 000 0 0 0 Wocerdy 1901 Low flow conerale cordvol di recorder installed 5 67 2 599 BOW LB 3151 56 ZAS MO bie ee OMe 282 052 oe 23 2 772 SOY M A 22 New ren See rating 09800 2 i ae Sage tle NT im ane pid Rainfall recorda from e HILA end eee mm aa a ai in TS Weser WL Records available 1 Kent chars from 1991 Fischer Porter tapes from 20 5 yh appears do slumping disragard in future Compala by 1973 choctud GLO 1973 and bo 1i ud 5 August 13 ite nw bed EL br du _ 5 i 2 Qo i y M Sp y 2 4 C S ero 2d A 4 IT xem M
20. HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE D A McMILLAN 7 PUBLICATION 5 OF THE G HYDROLOGY CENTRE HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE D A McMILLAN PUBLICATION NO 5 OF THE HYDROLOGY CENTRE CHRISTCHURCH CHRISTCHURCH JUNE 1985 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE D A McMILLAN Hydrology Centre Ministry of Works and Development Christchurch Publication No 5 of the Hydrology Centre Christchurch 1985 60 p ISSN 0112 1197 This handbook describes the current procedures used by Ministry of Works and Development for the capture and archiving of hydrological data It also serves as an instructional guide to introduce hydrological field party staff to the hardware and software available to them for processing data in the field office National Library of New Zealand Cataloguing in Publication data McMILLAN D Douglas Alan 1946 Hydrology field office practice D A McMillan Christchurch N Z Hydrology Centre Ministry of Works and Development for the National Water and Soil Conservation Authority 1985 1 v Publication of the Hydrology Centre Christchurch 0112 1197 no 5 551 4802854 1 Information storage and retrieval systems Hydrology I Hydrology Centre Christchurch N Z National Water and Soil Conservation Authority N Z III Title IV Series Publication of the Hydrology Centre Christchurch no 5
21. RANSFER BACKUP 1 A N amp copy Copy OREKO lt SHE site lt 2 gt S BDE full disks of data I 4 t UPDATING VCC disk dataset IS ILLI II EIE X LL i MSPEC o 9 9 tape archives L di A o Figure 15 Flow diagram showing conventions for floppy disk transfer and storage 25 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 25 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Quality Assurance Transfer Disks BSCAN 777 Logical directory on drive F No SITE START TIME FINISH TIME ITEMS KIND KBYTES 75214 830510 140000 830718 150000 75219 830323 131500 830802 164500 75251 830429 143000 830721 140000 75262 830510 134500 830805 112700 75263 830422 153000 630805 133000 79277 830719 133000 830805 140000 75292 830513 3140000 830811 131100 75294 830408 120000 850629 135500 486610 830309 84500 830616 101500 INSTANT 20 5 INSTANT 51 8 INSTANT 14 5 INSTANT 23 0 INSTANT INSTANT INSTANT INSTANT INCRMNT Figure 16 Process BSCAN output showing contents of TIDEDA file Gauging No Site Date Flow m3 s 109155 Waiau Otoi 830531 18 7661 109176 Waiau Otoi 830805 19 612 109182 Waiau 830906 11 044 109156 Tahekenu Glenstra 830531 96 440 109175 Tahekenu Glenstra 830805 212 46
22. ROCOMPUTER 2 1 1 Switching On The first step is to turn on both the ALTOS disk drive unit figure 19 and the VDU figure 20 The VDU should beep momentarily when turned on and show a square light in the top left hand corner This is called the cursor and tells you where you are up to on the screen If you are going to use the Iwatsu plotter it MUST be turned on before the ALTOS otherwise the plotter will not work and you will have to turn them both off and then on again this time in the correct order 2 1 2 Cautions about Disks and Disk Drives Handle disks carefully do not touch the exposed surface and always keep them in the packet when not in use Do not switch the disk drive unit on or off with disks in it Do not open the disk drive doors when the red indicator light is shining Do not put disks down on the plotter bed because it is magnetised and will destroy the disk s contents Keep the disk drive doors shut when not in use to reduce dust intrusion 2 1 3 Booting Having switched the ALTOS on you now have to get the attention of the computer system this is called booting To boot the ALTOS place the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A folded edges down close the drive door 3l HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 31 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware ALTOS Microcomputer Switching printer tape reader plotter plug micro base plug SELECTOR BOX Te door lat
23. ROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 22 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Flow Gaugings 830101 8303 8309 840101 Arssite 65104 Itom 1 origin 0 5000uni s mm rated 830101 8303 8306 8308 840101 65104 item 1 origin 250 Sun 9 mm Figure 14 Bed plot of figure 13 gaugings using process PLBED 23 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 23 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Quality Assurance Transfer Disks data translation a listing of the contents of the WORKING Disk should be printed daily using process BSCAN All new field data is to be updated to permanent storage on the VCC archives at regular intervals approximately fortnightly Figure 15 provides a flow diagram showing the steps to be taken in transferring all data via TRANSFER Disks from field party offices to the VCC archives 1 4 1 Transfer Disks Copy all the latest series data in the file TIDEDA to a numbered TRANSFER Disk using CPCOPY see page 48 Providing space is available the latest gaugings can be added to the TRANSFER Disk using PIP see page 47 If spare space is not available an additional TRANSFER Disk may be used Before sending the TRANSFER Disk to the QAS use CPCOPY to make a backup disk giving it the same number as the TRANSFER Disk This backup disk is to be held until its corresponding TRANSFER Disk has been returne
24. annually by the Technical Officer data in each district in a written notification sent to the CLS 30 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 30 INSTALLATION NEEDS FoR FELD DATA LOGGERS aeon s amia 0 Fib 561 Hook suspend petes Y caw X VENTILATION SYSTEM N 2 ar 2 fas e e 1 Reaency BtocKkS STANDARD SE feclining do ase urce ivel concrete albuna cPa T able eer for penton v y Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SECTION 2 HARDWARE Each MWD field party has been issued with an ALTOS microcomputer either a Televideo 910 or Kimtron Video Disply Unit VDU a printer Oki or Star an Enviro Labs Inc 16 track paper tape reader and an Iwatsu or Watanabe A3 pen plotter The ALTOS was chosen in 1980 from the many alternative inexpensive microcomputers which supported the de facto stand ard CP M operating system because it had improved performance using an AMD maths processor The Enviro Labs paper tape reader was the only available machine and had to be adapted by the MWD The other hardware components were chosen from many alternatives being the least expensive which met a general specification 2 1 THE ALTOS MIC
25. ation California MWD 1978 Instructions for the Preparation of River Flow Reports Water and Soil Directorate MWD Wellington MWD 1982 TIDEDA User s Manual Systems Laboratory MWD Wellington Thompson S M Rodgers M W 1985 Micro TIDEDA User s Manual Publication No 4 of the Hydrology Centre Christchurch MWD Christ church 60 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 60 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 lt PUBLICATIONS OF THE HYDROLOGY CENTRE CHRISTCHURCH EDITED BY B H VAILE Copies of publications in this series are available from Technical Information Officer Hydrology Centre Ministry of Works and Development P O Box 1479 CHRISTCHURCH 1 LADEDA Plotting Handbook R D Williams May 1982 2 Groundwater Tracing Experiments L W Sinton and Close December 1983 3 Local Scour Around a Cylindrical Bridge Pier A Davoren June 1985 4 micro TIDEDA User s Manual S M Thompson and MW Rodgers June 1985 5 Hydrology Field Office Practice D A McMillan June 1985 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985
26. be and the Iwatsu both of which operate in the same way Figure 23 shows the Watanabe plotter Remember to switch the Iwatsu on before switching on the ALTOS Before the plotter is switched on the pen may be moved manually to the start position in the bottom left hand corner of the machine Position a sheet of A3 paper under the plotting arm within the frame made by the lines inscribed on the plotter bed and secure it using the magnetic metal strips Mount a fine tipped felt tip pen into the pen holder about 1 5 mm above the paper Once the plotter is switched on the POWER light will shine The pen may now only be moved by pressing the key marked with the appropriate direct ional arrow Use the PEN UP control to raise the pen if it has been left in the down position For the Watanabe only this control must be down for plotting even though the pen may actually be up Note the plotter will not start until the pen is in the start position The ALARM indicator light comes on whenever the ALTOS sends commands that would cause the pen to move outside the plotter limits This can occur if the overall size of the plot is bigger than the plotter limits Caution Do not put floppy disks on the plotter bed because it is magnetised and will destroy data stored on the disk 38 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 38 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Plotters power indicator power ewiich
27. ch and on off switch indicator light reset button working disk system disk Figure 19 ALTOS microcomputer disk drive unit and selector box 32 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 32 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware ALTOS Microcomputer Switching On TELEVIDEO F POWER BRIGHTNESS ort KIMTRON m Figure 20 Televideo and Kimtron video display units 33 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 33 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware ALTOS Microcomputer Booting and press the RESET button see figure 19 The computer should respond on the VDU with 64K MWD LOADER VER 64K MOWDOS VERS A gt A gt is called the CP M prompt it tells you that the computer system is running and that Drive A is the Working Drive see page 43 If A gt does not appear check the following remembering to REMOVE DISKS before turning the disk drive unit on or off Is everything plugged in Is the VDU switched on Is the disk drive unit switched on Is the brightness on the VDU turned up dial on the back Is there a PROGRAM Disk in Drive A Is the disk the right way up If there is still no reassuring A gt remove the disks turn all the switches off wait a few seconds and turn everything on again put the disks back in and press the RESET button once or twice Repeat this procedure several times if necessary before returning the equip
28. chart record ers are included 1 1 DISKS The field office must have a PROGRAM Disk and a number of DATA Disks which are referred to in this handbook as WORKING GAUGING SITE and TRANSFER Data are initially written to the WORKING Disk for series data or GAUGING Disk for gauging data From these the data are copied to the appropriate SITE Disk which is the local archive and also to TRANSFER Disks for transfer to the national archive 1 1 1 Maintenance of Site and Gauging Disks The maintenance of the individual SITE Disks and GAUGING Disks is the responsibility of the field party These are primary records only and all the data should ultimately be filed on the VCC archive for widespread use The amount of data held on SITE Disks in the field party offices is normally not less than the amount that can be held on one full disk per site The writing of SITE Disks with data from the VCC archives is carried out by the QAS Notification of site numbers and the periods required should be submitted with the TRANSFER Disk which will be returned with the data written on it 3 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 3 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Documents 1 2 DOCUMENTS 1 2 1 Folder for Each Field Station A folder is to be maintained for each flow recorder and rainfall station which holds a description of the station and evidence of the data from it and of processing carried out
29. ckgauge totals file only those data from the recorder which are reliable The checkgauge total and the period it covers should be placed in a comment which should also explain any associated gap in the record see pages 18 20 WA Green 0 4 4 Correct ek pet 830701 111 item 1 origin 0 1 44 800h re mm Figure 9 Plot of corrected hydrograph from figure 8 16 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 16 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Of fice Procedures Initial EDP Manually Entered Data 4 Correcting Stage and Rainfall Series If errors have appeared in the data use one of the following processes to correct them a process DELETE which removes data between specified dates and times and so will remove spikes easily b process TRANSFORM to carry out linear corrections on sections of the data c process ADDATA to overwrite sections of incorrect data d process LIST option 3 to write sections of the original file to a temporary file for editing using WORDMASTER then re enter it using TLIST e process LIST option 5 to write the translator buffer to a temporary file for editing using WORDMASTER then re enter it ready for new TSTAGE parameters using RLIST f process SELECT removes data between or outside specified stage heights and so is useful for removing several recorder mis punches or translator mis reads g process PSIM can be used f
30. contents 3 Simple catchment map to enable the reader to identify with the catch ment and its location The map should show a flow sites b raingauges c scale bar d north point some reference to location e g town SH etc f other features relevant to the catchment 57 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 57 Publication 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Preparation of Flow Reports Contents 4 Introduction which should help the reader identify with the station It also lists the work carried out in preparing a rainfall runoff correlation which is important for the appraisal of the report by the reader The introduction should contain a brief description of the catchment b notes of any problems encountered in preparing the report e g lack of suitable rainfall information etc c notes of interest on the tabulated data attention should be drawn to the data comments if the data have any noteworthy events e g prolonged periods of synthetic record etc d a full description of the derivation of index rainfall used in the cumulative mass curve analyses 5 Correlative Stations It is important to identify stations that can be used to fill gaps in records if a user wants a continuous record Therefore this section should include results of any statistical correlation carried out between sites in the course of the flow report investigation Both flow and rainfall s
31. cro TIDEDA file 555 Temporary file 100 Temporary micro TIDEDA file 44 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 44 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software CP M Operating System Initialising a New Disk Temporary files are usually deleted by the same program that created them therefore you would not normally see them on a directory listing To avoid losing information you should never create a file which has or 100 as its extension Any program with the extension COM i e a compiled program can be run just by typing its name followed by lt cr gt Thus the program PIP COM can be run by typing A gt PIP lt cr gt 3 1 3 Wildcards Wildcards are a way of referring to more than one file in a single state ment Two special characters are used the asterisk which stands for any whole main name or any whole extension and the question mark which stands for any single character Therefore all files on Drive B can be referred to as B or 7 files on the Working Drive with the main name RAIN can be referred to as RAIN and those with the extension BAK as BAK All files on the Working Drive starting with the letters TI and having the extension DAT can be referred to as 3 1 4 Initialising a New Disk Before a disk can be used it must be FORMATTED so that it can be read by the ALTOS Place the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and the disk to be formatted in Drive B and ty
32. d just in case something happens to the original in transit If data for a new site are on the TRANSFER Disk details of the site number river and site names and the VCC water district the data are to be stored in should be sent to the QAS with the disk An initial comment MWD 1978 should also be added to the VCC archive refer to pages 18 20 Comment Data All TRANSFER Disks sent to the QAS should have with them a a list of the contents of the TIDEDA file obtained using process BSCAN figure 16 b a list of the gaugings obtained using DASDIR figure 17 Details of the DASDIR program will be given in the RHAP User s Guide Note i Post floppy disks in normal OHMS envelopes with a piece of stiff cardboard on both sides to prevent bending Ordinary postage is adequate ii There is no need to use WS61 forms with these TRANSFER DISK movements Finally ensure that batches of new data have been copied to their relevant SITE Disk using process COPY The WORKING Disk can now be cleaned of all data using REFORM and SYSGEN see pages 45 46 and reused 24 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 24 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Quality Assurance Transfer Disks WATER LEVEL AND RAINFALL DATA GAUGING DATA Field data Field data TSTAGE TRAIN RHAP ADDATA or TEVENT 9 b piP WORKING i CPCOPY PIP t periodically amp T
33. d Kimtron video display units Figure 21 Oki printer Okidata microline 82A Figure 22 Star printer Star DP510 Figure 23 Watanabe plotter Figure 24 Enviro Labs 16 track paper tape reader Figure 25 micro TIDEDA processes LIST OF TABLES Table 1 M etric time scales and periods covered by a line that will fit on A4 paper Table 2 Commonly used file name extensions HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 29 32 33 36 37 39 41 51 14 44 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 INTRODUCTION The Ministry of Works and Development MWD maintains 16 field parties throughout New Zealand to collect routine hydrological data as well as install and service collection equipment Data collected is stored in the national TIDEDA archive on the MWD mainframe computer facility at the Vogel Computer Centre VCC and is retrieved and analysed using the many different processes in the TIDEDA software MWD 1982 The development from this software of micro TIDEDA now means that data can be entered and corrected virtually at the point it is collected using ALTOS microcomputers and floppy disks The maintenance of the TIDEDA archive is the responsibility of the Computer Liaison Section CLS of the Water and Soil Directorate in the head office of the MWD Wellington Responsibility for developing new methods to enhance this archive lies with the MWD Hydrolog
34. d how they relate to each other When micro TIDEDA is checking any command you enter only the first four letters are needed You may enter more than four and the extra ones will be ignored or you may enter less provided there are enough to uniquely define the process you require If you receive a message such as Ambiguous Command it means that you did not type enough letters Each facility available in micro TIDEDA is called a PROCESS and those relevant to field party operations are listed below with a brief 50 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 50 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software micro TIDEDA Using micro TIDEDA TO ADD DATA telemetry Keyboard TELSYS tape Ves WM ADDATA CTIDEDA gt li uu LIST ED 9 E b Cea TAGE TRAIN or TEVENT TO DISPLAY DATA OTE C visual display SC Ku PGRAPH PDIST PDAY PLGRAPH PLBED PWEEK PCAL PSCAN or PLRATE PRATE BSCAN or LIST TO EDIT DATA m m LIST DELETE TRANSFORM RELEASE GAP or PSIM on another drive Figure 25 micro TIDEDA processes 31 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 51 Publication 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software micro TIDEDA Using micro TIDEDA description of their function For a full list of processes and details of their operation refer to Thompson and Rodgers 1985 Micro TIDEDA User
35. disk use PIP to individually copy across each file to a new disk You will not generally be able to copy across files that cover bad sectors and these will have to be reloaded from your backup disk 3 2 micro TIDEDA Micro TIDEDA is a computer program for processing time dependent data particularly hydrological data MWD has developed it from their mainframe computer software TIDEDA to run on microcomputers with floppy disks The software can be used to collect edit store display and analyse the information it is given In this way field parties can both process and correct data virtually at the point of its collection It is also used for initial entry of data destined for the VCC mainframe archive Micro TIDEDA deals with data that are naturally recorded as a time sequence e g rainfall and stream flows The program accepts data from a variety of automatic recording instruments and stores it in a form designed to facilitate checking correcting and analysis Among the many features available in micro TIDEDA are a processes providing general statistical summaries including plots printouts and tabulations of means extremes and totals computed for daily weekly monthly seasonal and annual periods b processes allowing direct data entry from a 16 track paper tape reader keyboard or a suitably formatted disk file c processes allowing the correction storage and deletion of data the manipulation of files and batches
36. ed 6 hr mm When the plot is complete attach the printout from TSTAGE or TEVENT parameter entries and add the following by hand figure 8 a date the data were translated b signature of the processor c notes of all corrections to the data plus any subsequent actions carried out which change the data in the file from that which is plotted e g removal of spikes inserting manual data resulting from silting etc Table 1 Metric time scales and periods covered by a line that will fit on A4 paper length mm Period for that length Examples of metric scales 1 10 10 units mm 1 125 1 25 units mm 1 20 2000 units mm 1 25 250 units mm 1 5 5 000 000 units mm 14 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 14 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Paper Tape Data 0 8 33 x Mar correction S feom Ome du DLS ean cottect tilting Trane lode pixe te 5 deu Cotlec hec pet attached 830701 830802 fiteite 111 Item 1 origin 50un i e mm 4 800hrs mm Ti Gk ba 2 4 1 8 28 4 iss es SITE 111 Tab DuTE TIHE G amp PEHRETHT CATE STAGE Sete ied j2ol 5 u 151500 FILE TINE STAGE bet Sau esteaul 121500 MPO
37. een and at the same time the printer will be copying it all out Don t forget to release the printer again by pressing P 3 1 6 Maintenance Programs Two file maintenance programs are supplied with the PROGRAM Disk CPCOPY allows you to copy the entire contents of one disk to another Insert the PROGRAM Disk in Drive and a disk to copy to in Drive B Type A gt CPCOPY lt cr gt The program tells you what to do replace the PROGRAM Disk with the disk to copy from and follow instructions Use this program to make backups of entire disks Caution This program over writes everything that was previously on the disk so check that you have got your disks round the right way 48 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 48 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software micro TIDEDA WOF runs a warrant of fitness program which checks that all tracks on the disk in Drive B are in a fit state for use With the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your disk in B type A gt WOF lt cr gt and follow the instructions given If the WOF program indicates bad sectors on the disk it may be that the disk is worn out or the disk drive is dirty To check the latter remove the disk and blow lightly into the disk drive or insert a cleaning disk if available Re insert the original disk and repeat the WOF If the same sectors are still bad chances are that the disk is worn out and should be discarded To salvage what you can from the
38. ery long it will be as easy to select either the scan by INDEX order by 55 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 55 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software Proprietary Programs DATASTAR typing I or DATA order by typing D options from the mode selection menu When the first record appears use N to scan through the file until you come to the record you wish to correct The menu at the top of the form will give you the commands necessary to edit the record When the record is corrected type B cr to file the updated version and carry on scanning using N to search forward or P to search backward For larger files it is quicker to select the relevant records individually using the KEY mode which searches the file on the key field Type K to select the mode and a blank form will appear with the cursor resting in the key field Type in the relevant key to bring up the required record Make the corrections and save as before You will be returned to the blank form with the cursor on the key field ready to select the next record In all modes after the last form has been corrected and filed to exit from DATASTAR type E E C which returns you to the CP M system For more information on the modes and operations of DATASTAR and FORMGEN refer to MicroPro International Corporation 1982 DATASTAR Training Guide 56 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 56 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Ch
39. flow reports 4 2 Completion procedures SECTION 5 REFERENCES Figure Figure 2 Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LIST OF FIGURES Station register form WS16 Water level recorder register Raingauge register Gauging register WS61 form WS68 forms Flow diagram showing 16 track paper tape transla tion and processing Original plot with TSTAGE printout of the parameters used Plot of corrected hydrograph from figure 8 10 Flow diagram showing manual data and rating table input using process ADDATA 11 DATASTAR form COMMENT for entering comment data 12 Process PLRATE flow ratings and gaugings with 5 error bars 13 Discharge hydrograph with gaugings plotted 14 Bed plot of figure 13 gaugings using process PLBED 15 Flow diagram showing conventions for floppy disk transfer and storage 16 Process BSCAN output showing contents of TIDEDA file 17 Output from DASDIR program showing contents of FAA DTA file HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 43 43 43 44 45 45 46 48 49 50 53 53 55 57 57 59 60 OM ON AY 15 16 19 20 22 23 23 25 26 26 Figure 18 DATASTAR form for entering gap markers Figure 19 ALTOS microcomputer disk drive unit and selector box Figure 20 Televideo an
40. for the same site and period of record and can be checked by either listing or plotting it 1 3 4 Comment Data There is no facility in micro TIDEDA for entering text to either identify the record or give information about the accuracy of the data Comments can be entered using DATASTAR and form COMMENT figure 11 the files COMMENT DTA are then sent to the QAS for updating to VCC archives or 3 b TIDEDA process ADCOMMENT and updating by the CLS using process MELEM MWD 1982 To use DATASTAR refer pages 55 56 to fill in form COMMENT place the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your WORKING Disk in Drive B and type A gt DATASTAR COMMENT lt cr gt The program will ask which drive COMMENT DTA and COMMENT NDX are to be filed on respond with B for each Press the space bar to enter ADD mode and fill in the site number date time and text of the comment you wish to add to the archive When the form is completed type B cr to file it More comments can be added on separate forms When all the comments have been entered type E E C to exit the DATASTAR program Use PIP see page 47 to copy COMMENT DTA to the TRANSFER Disk see page 24 and send to the QAS for updating to the VCC archive Initial comments must be entered for all new sites before the first batch of series data is submitted for updating If the initial comment is updated 18 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 18 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre
41. g curves helps in the interpretation of the cross section shape The bed plots 11 plot of rated flows against gauged flows 12 and cumulative mass curves 16 give evidence that the data have been checked and are in order 4 2 COMPLETION PROCEDURES All flow reports should be preared on A4 size paper for ease of copying and filing The draft flow report will be given a Flow Report Series Number when it is submitted to the QAS After review and necessary revision to meet quality assurance standards the report will be added to the Index of Flow Reports and can then be supplied from any MWD office on an unrestricted basis The master copy is to be held at the field office At intervals of not more than five years a new flow report should be prepared containing all the data for the full length of record for each station The new flow report then totally supersedes any previous flow reports for the same station However references to all earlier flow reports for the station should be given 39 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 59 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SECTION 5 REFERENCES Digital Research Corp 1978 Introduction to CP M Features and Facilities Digital Research Corporation California MicroPro International Corp 1980 WORDMASTER Operator s Guide Micro Pro International Corporation California MicroPro International Corp 1982 DATASTAR Training Guide MicroPro International Corpor
42. h the original file intact i e the way it was before you began your editing session 3 3 2 DATASTAR DATASTAR is a software package which provides field parties with a facility for entering text to make comments about data filed using micro TIDEDA It uses a pre set blank form for each record which the user fills in with the appropriate information The forms used by the field parties have been created by the QAS using the associated FORMGEN program To use DATASTAR with the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your WORKING Disk in Drive B type DATASTAR after the CP M prompt gt and the name of the required form preceded by the drive name B Thus A gt DATASTAR B COMMENT cr After the copyright message you will be asked which drive to file DTA and NDX on respond with B to both The first blank form will appear above which are listed the mode options Press the space bar to enter the ADD mode and start filling in the form The program is menu assisted and the necessary cursor commands can be read directly from the menu which appears at the top of the form note the similarity with WORDMASTER When the form is completed type lt gt to file the data and a new blank form will appear ready for the next record entry After the last form has been filled in and filed to exit from DATASTAR type E E C which returns you to the CP M system Information filed on DATASTAR can also be edited If your file is not v
43. hing is needed then the start and effective dates and hours are to be the same The first rating available on a file is fully effective from its start date even when its effective date is later When preparing a tabula tion e g PDAY from a part record sufficient ratings should be kept so that the effective time of the first rating is earlier than the start of the part record 20 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 20 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Flow Gaugings A minimum of 3 and a maximum of 50 co ordinates can be entered for any one rating Enough co ordinates should be entered to accurately represent the shape of the rating curve with emphasis around the parts of the curve identifying changes in control and or cross section shape e g change to berm flow When the co ordinates have been entered the rating can be added to the file TIDEDA using process TLIST The rating can be checked using process PLRATE figure 12 and a printout obtained of the rating table using process PRATE Sediment ratings and reduced level RL conversion ratings can be entered by the same processes except the item numbers to be given are 2 for sediment and 3 for the RL conversion ratings Ratings can also be entered directly into the VCC archive by using TIDEDA process ADRATE MWD 1982 1 3 6 Flow Gaugings A program has been developed through which gauging card field informa
44. ime on and the apparent time off in TSTAGE do not agree with the number from the tape reader an error message will tell you how many above or below the correct number have been read The translator buffer can be edited if errors due to tearing tape weave etc make it impossible for the tape reader to translate them This is carried out using WORDMASTER see pages 53 55 on files written by option 5 of process LIST Stage series and rainfall series are subjected to different checking procedures 2 Checking Stage Series Successful completion of TSTAGE will give the maximum and minimum gauge heights and their relevant times for the tape Enter these figures on the water level recorder register figure 2 The extremes from TEVENT processing can be obtained using process PDIST 13 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 13 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Data To check the translated data produce a plot using process PLGRAPH to scales suitable to detect site problems e g silting and translator errors To do this type PLGRAPH in response to the process prompt and when asked enter the site parameters followed by the scale parameters The extremes obtained from processes TSTAGE and PDIST will help in determ ining the plot scales Use metric time and stage scales table 1 To obtain sufficient time resolution on initial plots time scales should not exce
45. ion of the district research and survey co ordinator for remedial action After validation by the QAS the TRANSFER Disk is cleaned of all data using REFORM and checked for deterioration using WOF see page 49 before being returned to the appropriate field party On receipt of the TRANSFER Disk the field party can re use it and its equivalent backup disk knowing that the data have been transferred to the VCC archive 1 4 3 Updating to the VCC Archives The data arriving on the TRANSFER Disks are classified into a series data b ratings comments and gap markers c gauging data The transfer of data from the ALTOS microcomputer to the VCC archives is carried out by the QAS figure 15 using the program BDE Binary Data Exchange which converts the data into a form compatible with the VCC computer The data are then updated to the national archives by the CLS Lake sites that need special repacking will receive this transformation with the repacked batch going to the district file and the unrepacked batch going to the lake level file WATER9 LAKELEV DATA 27 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 27 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Archives Gaps in Records The gaugings supplied to the QAS on the file F4A DTA are submitted to a program that abstracts the fifteen items required for VCC storage and tranfers them in the usual way A similar facility is used to transfer cross
46. l you become familiar with the system it is advisable to specify the drive file name and extension By typing gt B RUBBISH TXT lt cr gt you will erase the file RUBBISH TXT on Drive B and the disk space previously occupied by it will be available for re use you become more confident you can speed things up by using wildcards although they should only be used with extreme caution example using wildcards is A gt ERA B TXT which will erase ALL files with the extension TXT on Drive B Thus you can see how much damage you can do if you use wildcards without due care PIP which stands for Peripheral Interchange Program has many uses its principal use is to copy files It is good practice to keep backup copies of all your current files on a separate disk in case some disaster befalls your WORKING Disk e g you spill your coffee on it To copy a file from one drive to another and retain the same name you must first specify the destination drive the one you want to copy to followed by the source drive the one you want to copy from and the name of the file on that drive Typing gt B A XYZ DTA lt cr gt will copy all the data in file XYZ DTA which is on Drive A to a file of the same name on Drive B You will now have two copies of the same file on two separate disks If you receive a disk write error message on the VDU it means that the destination disk is full Before copying the file again
47. ly introduced Thus when a batch of data already filed includes a period without data that should be marked as a gap then deletion of that period will introduce the required gap marker A gap marker which has been introduced automatically and is not required can be removed by using process GAP Also if when editing file a batch is linked into the directory whose time overlaps part of an existing batch then any gap marker on the batch which finishes later will automatically be deleted Because of updating procedures which safeguard the VCC archive the gap markers introduced by micro TIDEDA files are not automatically translated with the rest of the data Gaps are transferred separately to the VCC archive by the QAS only if they are specified in a GAP DTA file on the TRANSFER Disk This is done using DATASTAR form GAP figure 18 28 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 28 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Archives Gaps in Records FIELD WUMBERS Enter site and time specifi Figure 18 DATASTAR form GAP for entering gap markers Where a gap appears in the record a comment covering the gap filed using DATASTAR form COMMENT figure 11 is to be made which ident ifies the period and lists other sites or rainfall stations which can be used to construct a synthetic record if required For automatic rainfall data the period plus a storage gauge total for that period should be give
48. ment to the WSISC for servicing If the VDU locks up during operation the RESET button may be pressed without removing the disks 2 1 4 The Keyboard Even though the keyboard layouts on the Televideo and Kimtron VDUs differ slightly the keys function in exactly the same way Most of the keys are like ordinary typewriter keys but there are a few which are specific computer keys and need some explanation The RETURN or ENTER key written lt cr gt sends whatever you have typed on the screen to the computer for processing Most typing on the screen will have no effect until lt cr gt is pressed ALPHA CAPS The CAPS LOCK key locks only the alphabet LOCK LOCK keys into upper case All the other keys numbers punctuation still need the SHIFT key to be pressed to get the upper case 34 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 34 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Printers The cursor control keys written lt right arrow gt lt left arrow gt etc move the cursor in the direction indicated E The HOME key moves cursor to the top left hand corner of the screen The LINE FEED key moves the cursor to the left hand side of the next line down but sends no information to the computer The CONTROL key written is only useful in conjunction with one of the alphabet keys It must be held down while the second key is pressed or m mz om 2 2 PRINTERS MWD
49. ments 1 2 1 Folder for each field station 1 2 2 Folder for each field party office 1 2 3 Permanent identification 1 3 Initial electronic data processing 1 3 1 16 track paper tape data 1 3 2 Chart data 1 3 3 Manually entered series data 1 3 4 Comment data 1 3 5 Flow ratings 1 3 6 Flow gaugings 1 3 7 Cross section data 1 4 Quality assurance and archives 1 4 1 Transfer disks 1 4 2 Validation 1 4 3 Updating to the VCC archives 1 4 4 Gaps in a record 1 4 5 Marking gaps in records 1 4 6 Urgent updating of data 1 4 7 Certification of data SECTION 2 HARDWARE 2 1 The ALTOS microcomputer 2 1 1 Switching on 2 1 2 Cautions about disks and disk drives 2 1 3 Booting 2 1 4 The keyboard 2 2 Printers 2 3 Plotters 2 4 Paper tape reader 2 4 1 Front panel controls 2 4 2 Manual operation 2 4 3 Automatic operation 2 4 4 Threading the tape 2 4 5 Rewinding the tape HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 UJ A A OU 11 17 17 18 20 21 21 21 24 27 27 28 28 29 30 31 31 31 31 31 34 35 38 40 40 41 42 42 42 SECTION 3 SOFTWARE 3 1 The CP M operating system 3 1 1 The working drive 3 1 2 Files and file names 3 1 3 Wildcards 3 1 4 Initialising a new disk 3 1 5 CP M commands 3 1 6 Maintenance programs 3 2 micro TIDEDA 3 2 1 Using micro TIDEDA 3 3 Proprietary programs 3 3 1 WORDMASTER 3 3 2 DATASTAR SECTION 4 FLOW REPORTS 4 1 Contents of
50. n To use DATASTAR refer pages 55 56 to fill in form GAP place the PROGRAM Disk in Drive A and your WORKING Disk in Drive B and type A gt DATASTAR GAP lt cr gt The program will ask which drive GAP DTA and GAP NDX are to be filed on respond with B for each Press the space bar to enter ADD mode and fill in the required information When the form is completed type B cr to file it When all the markers have been entered type E E C to exit the DATASTAR program Use PIP see page 47 to copy GAP DTA to the TRANSFER Disk see page 24 and send to the QAS for updating to the VCC archive 1 4 6 Urgent Updating of Data Send disks of new data for urgent analysis either by courier service or overnight air delivery to the QAS Supply BSCAN and or DASDIR with a note to say it is URGENT and anything else that should be done to it If the data are needed before updating to WATERO user tapes also supply a VCC dataset name e g WYAARO URGDAT DATA in the user s name Watch for that dataset name with your urgent data to appear under your 29 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 29 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Archives Certification userid the next day The data will also take the usual course through validation and updating to the VCC archive approximately a week 1 4 7 Certification of Data Certification of data that the data for a site are complete is carried out
51. n All data are to be permanently identified with site numbers and the dates of observation These can be written directly on chart records and gauging cards and on WS68 forms figure 6 which are then attached to 16 track paper tapes These forms have been designed to conform with the approp riate micro TIDEDA processes For identification every water level tape must have a WS68A form and every rainfall tape a WS68C form attached to them Before filling in the forms compare the data on the tape with the log book pages as the tape is rewound to the beginning When filling in the appropriate identification form note that a the apparent dates and times do not need to be entered on the WS68A and WS68B forms if no time correction is necess ary b stage heights do not need to be entered on the WS68A and WS68B forms if no stage corrections are to be applied c the rainfall recorder total can be left blank on the WS68C form because process TRAIN calculates it 8 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 8 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Documents WS Form 61 1116 9 54653 Compiled by e e a Mm Mla Me F Dal y 12 12 28 Chocked QUU vate _ 2 3 0_______ W O Sheet
52. nctions which will be of use to field party operations For details of the software and instructions on how to use it see MicroPro International Corporation 1980 WORDMASTER Operator s Guide To get into WORDMASTER type WM after the CP M prompt and the name of the file you wish to edit If the file is on your WORKING Disk don t forget to type the drive name before the file name Thus type A gt WM B LIST ED lt cr gt and the first part of your file will appear on the VDU screen after a brief pause during which the program s copyright message is displayed To correct errors by over typing the wrong characters with the right ones move the cursor to the appropriate point using the following commands AE up a line AX down a line D right a character S left a character F right a word left a word and simply type in the correct information 53 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 53 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software Proprietary Programs WORDMASTER To cover more ground C scrolls up a full screen to read forwards through the file R scrolls down a full screen to read backwards through the file To delete a string of incorrect characters position the cursor on the first character and type G to remove it successive deletions to the right will occur with each use of G Use T to delete whole words under and to the right of the cursor To delete a wh
53. o keep a record in chronological order of data movement from the field party office to permanent storage on the VCC archive that is copies of the WS61 forms figure 5 used for transmitting data to and from the CLS and a copy of the contents of the TRANSFER Disk BSCAN and DASDIR with the date it was sent to the QAS which is signed off when the TRANSFER Disk is returned 4 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 4 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Documents Jue no OeBool HYDROLOGICAL STATION REGISTER xor we Selwyn Whitech 3 STILI OLF Cowon ama Rent No Hydiclayieat Foothills ChCh Hydrological Survey Representative basin Sov She Canterbury Foothills Bench marks gauges aml pote NS TUM e TARN d RL i ed n Verlical wooden beside In db Bs bs 88 978 top pipe 0b 140 EPIS Bie 781 2 wooden 30 8 97 289 side ofvaconler dowes 200 282 250 pya 50667 UAL I 23 6 339 i wandan 5144 0 lower ia 8 0 T x d cciam P
54. ole line use Y caution must be exercised though as all data between carriage returns will be lost using this command To insert new characters and at the same time retain that which is already there move the cursor to the point where the new data starts type O and the cursor will be shown overlaying a sign called the insert toggle which obscures the character beneath Type the new data in when finished type O again to release the insert toggle the above commands operate while the program is in video mode i e you can see what you re doing as you do it WORDMASTER automatically enters the video mode when you start the program The following search and replace commands operate in the command mode which is achieved by pressing the ESCAPE key asterisk appears at the bottom of the screen indicating that the program is ready to accept your next command To find a particular string of characters first type ESCAPE When the appears at the bottom of the screen type Fstring to find V cr The cursor will appear immediately after the last character of the stated string Note the which delineates the string is obtained by typing ESCAPE after typing in the exact duplicate of the string to be found The V puts you back into video mode so you can see what you ve got To replace a string with another string type ESCAPE When the appears at the bottom of the screen type Sold string new string V cr
55. on that data Each batch of data is to be plotted and the plots kept together in chronological order of receipt with a printout from the appropriate micro TIDEDA translation process to show what corrections have been applied to it The station log book pages taken after each visit are also to be kept in this folder The folder must be stored in a fire proof safe Summarising the following are kept in each station folder a plots and printouts of translation specifications b a listing of comments filed about data accuracy c rating curve data e g PRATE output d cross section data PSECT output e station photographs labelled with site number date and view point f station history on form WS16 figure 1 containing details of staff gauge locations and zero elevation benchmarks locating all survey references if any recording equipment including serial numbers Do not keep tables of daily means etc in station folders these can be recorded elsewhere e g in flow reports see section 4 1 2 2 Folder for the Field Party Office A folder is to be maintained containing a chronological record of data processing activities in the field office It is to contain separate registers for the processing carried out on a water level data figure 2 b automatic raingauge data figure 3 c flow gaugings figure 4 These registers are to be updated daily as data arrive It is also necessary t
56. or other kinds of correction e g a ramp correction Note It is important to document in the site folder all corrections applied to the original data 1 3 2 Chart Data The introduction of ALTOS microcomputers has not brought any new equipment or changes to the processes used to digitise and add the data to the archives The preparation of the charts for submission to CLS is covered in MWD 1982 TIDEDA User s Manual Section 4 2 1 3 3 Manually Entered Series Data Manual input of series data can be used to a supply corrections to existing data b input data for which there is no alternative method e g manual staff gauge readings or storage raingauge data c input data read manually from chart recorders 17 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 17 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Comment Data d input synthetic data to cover gaps in records due to recorder failure Note Synthetic data covering gaps in records should only be constructed using the guidelines set out on pages 28 29 Before entering manual data apply the necessary time corrections The data are entered using process ADDATA which enters data into a list file figure 10 When all the data for one site have been entered into the list file and checked it can be added to the file TIDEDA as a new batch of data by using process TLIST This batch of data will overwrite any previous data
57. pe A gt REFORM lt cr gt Select option 5 Double Density Format from the menu given by typing 5 lt cr gt When the formatting is done the menu will be displayed again To return to the CP M system select option 8 by typing 8 lt cr gt 45 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 45 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software CP M Operating System CP M Commands Note the REFORM command removes all files previously stored on the disk So that your disk will be able to execute CP M commands the next step is to type A gt SYSGEN lt cr gt ignore the menu and simply type A lt cr gt B lt cr gt lt cr gt and your disk is now ready for use If you want to be able to boot off your new disk copy across CBIOS64 COM by typing A gt PIP B A CBIOS64 COM cr 3 1 5 CP M Commands CP M offers a variety of facilities for file management The descriptions given below will allow you to carry out straightforward and commonly required operations For a full description of each facility refer to Digital Research Corporation 1978 Introduction to CP M Features and Facilities Before describing the CP M commands there are three uses of the CTRL key written which you will find helpful when using these and other programs Remember when using the CTRL key it must be held down while you press the required letter key CTRL S S will Stop whatever is displaying on the screen from scrolling and holds
58. pe incorrectly will introduce translation errors the standard procedure shown in figure 24 MUST be adhered to 2 4 5 Rewinding the Tape The take up spool motor can be used to rewind the tape Set the tape direction switch to forward and load the tape so that it runs through the left hand guide then over the top of the read head Set the mode to Manual and press General Clear When the tape is rewound switch to Auto and press General Clear to stop the spool motor 42 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 42 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SOFTWARE E Val EX 422777 2 2 2 2 22 2 gt KNow DIFFERENCE AT LUN EA TIME 477 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SECTION 3 SOFTWARE This section provides the first time computer user with a brief introduction to the CP M operating system micro TIDEDA and the proprietary software packages WORDMASTER and DATASTAR Discussion is limited to basic introduction to the facilities available in these programs and a more detailed description of how to use those that are necessary for the day to day EDP operations of the field parties 3 1 THE CP M OPERATING SYSTEM An operating system is software which allows a microcomputer to control its peripherals and so communicate with the user The operating system in use
59. riistchurch 1985 FLOW REPORTS Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 SECTION 4 FLOW REPORTS Flow reports present a river flow record with a description of the stage flow ratings used and of the best available correlation with the catchment s rainfall record The objectives of a flow report are to a present useful data tabulations and statistics for a flow site b present evidence of the reliability of the statistics given Preparation of a flow report should not begin until the water level data have been certified see page 30 This implies that the water level data have been checked for errors and any necessary corrections carried out or where this is not possible suitable data comments cover whatever action has seemed most appropriate Two forms of evidence are presented in a flow report that show the reliability of both the rating curves and the combination of rating curves and water level records While the former demonstration by bed plots is independent of the water level record the latter demonstration is not and can reveal hidden trends in the data 4 1 CONTENTS OF FLOW REPORTS 1 Title page to identify the station and author It should contain a station name b station number c period covered by the report d year submitted e author and author s location this is necessary for future correspondence concerning data contained in the report 2 Table of
60. section data 1 4 4 Gaps in a Record No entir ly satisfactory procedure exists for dealing with gaps in records Simply mark gaps in the record and users requiring data for missing periods must construct their When continuity of record is required in the field office such as to enable production of monthly and annual summaries insertion of synthetic records usually constructed by a variety of correlational methods can be done temporarily but should not remain in the archive as if they were observations Interpolation across short gaps in recessions may be acceptable if only monthly or annual summaries are required Note where there is a backup recorder installed and the primary recorder fails manually prepared data from the backup is not synthetic data 1 4 5 Marking Gaps in Records Within micro TIDEDA each batch of data describes a record from a start time to a finish time Interpolation between values is assumed to be valid for all intermediate times within a batch but it is not always valid between the finish of one batch and the start of the next When a new batch is first entered its directory entry automatically has a gap marker which prevents interpolation between its start time and any earlier data that may already be filed Thus a missing record between two batches is automatically marked and interpolation between the values is prevented When data are deleted using process DELETE is automatical
61. setting switch top of form set button select button form feed button line feed button Figure 21 Oki printer Okidata microline 82A 36 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 36 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Printers power on off indicator printer ready indicator on off line indicator paper low bapu L form feed button 7 22 in feed button Figure 22 Star printer Star DP510 37 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 37 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Plotters The PAPER or PAPER OUT light which glows to warn you that the printer has run out of paper For instructions on how to load the paper refer to the manual provided with the printer When loading a new box of paper you may have to set the paper position It is usual to position the print head just below the perforation which is achieved by winding the knob on the side of the paper roller The Oki has an extra button TOF which you press after you have moved the paper to tell the printer that the paper is set to the Top of Form The Oki also has a FORM LENGTH dial which is used to make adjustments for the varying lengths of paper which are available The paper normally supplied with this printer is LENGTH 7 If the FORM LENGTH dial is not set to this correct it and set TOF as above 2 3 PLOTTERS MWD uses two makes of plotter the Watana
62. t which will start micro TIDEDA refer pages 49 53 To read the tape in response to the prompt PROCESS type RTAPE lt cr gt Because micro TIDEDA is a menu prompting program process RTAPE gives instructions on how to start the tape reader see also pages 40 42 But first ensure that the tape is threaded through the machine with the first punches just past the left sprocket wheel see figure 24 After tape translation the site number dates and times have to be added using process TSTAGE for stage series at equal time steps TEVENT for stage series represented as unequal tirne steps for unequal changes of stage recorders have complex sampling criteria and TRAIN for rainfall series represented as the unequal time steps for equal increments of rain Corrections for stage and or time errors are applied and the data compressed Zero compression is normal and exceptions must be approved by the Section Leader QAS Select the appropriate translation process by entering TSTAGE TEVENT or TRAIN in response to the process prompt When asked enter the parameters that have been previously recorded on the WS68A or WS68C forms and the results will be added to a file TIDEDA on the WORKING Disk If any input errors occur relevant checking error messages will be displayed during the translation process These are fully documented in Thompson and Rodgers 1985 For example if the number of punches calculated between the apparent t
63. tations should be presented and an indication of whether they are useful for long term correlation or just storm or drought correlations 6 References if any Sections to 6 are only guidelines for the contents of the report leading up to the computer tabulations For example some flow reports may require more discussion on station problems It is up to the author to include as much catchment information in the report as is necessary to fully interpret the data presented in it 7 Tables of monthly flows 8 Tables of extreme flows 9 Flow hydrographs 10 Tables of flow distributions 11 Bed plots 12 Plot of rated flow against gauged flow 13 Flow rating curves 14 Flow rating tables 15 Data comments 58 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 58 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Preparation of Flow Reports Completion Procedures 16 Cumulative mass curves 17 Table of index rainfall used in the rainfall runoff cumulative mass curves 18 Tables of daily flows The tables of monthly flows 7 extreme flows 8 flow distributions 10 monthly rainfall used in rainfall runoff cumulative mass curves 17 and daily flows 18 as well as flow hydrographs 9 provide a summary of useful and commonly required statistics The data comments 15 and flow rating curves and tables 13 and 14 provide additional information on the computerised data A sample of ratin
64. the Paper Advance switch use the frame rate control to adjust the speed of the reader When the reader is under automatic control the frame rate must not be adjusted while the tape is moving 2 4 2 Manual Operation The facilities provided under manual control were designed by Enviro Labs to allow a user to read a tape and write down the values Load the tape and select Manual mode by setting the mode switch and pressing General Clear Each time the Step switch is pressed the tape will advance one reading and the value will be displayed By turning the Display Time knob 41 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 4I Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Paper Tape Reader Automatic Operation clockwise you can adjust the duration of a reading with the tape advancing one reading at a time with a controlled delay in between Readings that are of no interest can be skipped by raising the Paper Advance switch which allows the tape to move continuously at a speed determined by the position of the Frame Rate knob 2 4 3 Automatic Operation To operate the reader under computer control set the mode switch to Auto and then press General Clear The tape direction switch must be set to forward and the Paper Advance switch must be in its central position Raising this switch gives variable tape speed but the switch must not be adjusted once the tape is moving 2 4 4 Threading the Tape Because threading the ta
65. tion can be entered and the results calculated and stored as file FAA DTA using the ALTOS microcomputer Detailed procedures for its use will be set out in RHAP User s Guide which is still under development There are three micro TIDEDA processes which can be used to display gauging data with either ratings or series data stored on TIDEDA They are a process PLRATE which plots the gaugings on the rating curves figure 12 with the option of adding error bars b process PLGRAPH which plots the gaugings on the time flow data figure 13 c process PLBED which plots the bed plot indicating the difference in gauge height mm between the gauged and rated flow from the rating table figure 14 1 3 7 Cross Section Data There is no facility in micro TIDEDA for adding cross section data to a TIDEDA file but a program called RHAP is being developed at the Hydrology Centre which will allow this in future 1 4 QUALITY ASSURANCE AND ARCHIVES Up to this point all the new series data have been translated to a WORKING Disk and the gaugings to a GAUGING Disk To keep track of 21 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 21 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Office Procedures Initial EDP Flow Gaugings 2009 Se 20000 amp 0000 150000 Atsite 5104 start time 811006 81500 4 5 error bars Figure 12 Process PLRATE flow ratings and gaugings with 599 error bars 22 HYD
66. to the CP M system Processes for the Display of Data PSCAN prints a summary of data on file in site order PDAY prints tabulations of daily means or totals PCAL prints tabulations of monthly means or totals PDIST prints a distribution tabulation PWEEK prints tabulations of daily weekly monthly annual and seasonal values PRATE prints a tabulation of a rating PGRAPH print plots specified time series data 52 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 52 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Software Proprietary Programs WORDMASTER PLGRAPH line plots specified time series data at given axes dimensions PLRATE line plots specified ratings at given axes dimensions PLBED plots the difference between the measured stage and the computed stage for a given flow against time Processes for Data Manipulation PSIM performs calculations on a time series and writes the results as another time series TRANSFORM copies specified data from one file to another In so doing you can change its site number apply ratings and linear trans formations or transform it into equal steps in time as required 3 3 PROPRIETARY PROGRAMS To facilitate the use of micro TIDEDA two proprietary programs WORDMASTER and DATASTAR are also supplied to field parties on the PROGRAM Disk 3 3 1 WORDMASTER WORDMASTER is a software package for use in editing data during initial processing This section describes only those fu
67. uses two types of printer with its ALTOS microcomputer the Oki Okidata Microline 82A shown in figure 21 and the Star Star DP510 shown in figure 22 Although their front panel controls differ slightly their operation is basically the same The cable connecting the computer to the printer shares the same plug on the back of the ALTOS as the tape reader and micro base via the selector box figure 19 Therefore remember to switch from the tape reader position after use or the computer will not be able to communicate with the printer Printers have two modes of operation usually called ON and OFF LINE The printer must be ON LINE for the microcomputer to be able to print some thing and must be OFF LINE if you want to use the front panel controls To go from ON LINE to OFF LINE and back again the Oki has a button marked SEL and the Star a button marked ON LINE Simply press this button and when the light of the same name is shining the printer is ready to print The other front panel controls are The LINE FEED or LF button which moves the paper up one line The FORM FEED or FF button which feeds one whole page of paper i e from perforation to perforation through the printer 35 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 35 Publication no 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Hardware Printers power on ott switch select on off line indicator paper low indicator ponar on indicator form length
68. y Centre Christchurch Quality assurance aspects of the new procedures are developing so rapidly in 1985 that it is necessary for some archive maintenance to be done by the Quality Assurance Section QAS at the Hydrology Centre The Water and Soil Instrument Service Centre WSISC at Kainga Rd Christchurch is responsible for the maintenance of the data processing equipment as well as field instruments This handbook describes the 1985 practice whereby the field offices send floppy disks of new data to the QAS where it is checked and loaded into the national TIDEDA archive It is also an instructional manual to intro duce field party staff to the hardware and software available to them for processing data in the field office The handbook is divided into four main sections 1 Section 1 sets out office procedures implemented to standardise the handling of hydrological data by all MWD field parties 2 Section 2 covers the operation of the electronic data processing EDP hardware issued to each field party 3 Section 3 provides a brief introduction to and instructions for the use of micro TIDEDA and the other software packages used with it Only those functions necessary for the successful operation of standard data processing procedures are covered 4 Section 4 covers the preparation of flow reports 1 HYDROLOGY FIELD OFFICE PRACTICE 1 Publication 5 of the Hydrology Centre Chriistchurch 1985 Publication no 5 of

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