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TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 1 - USA Track and Field

1. 5400m at good conditions 40km visibility Reflective tape 60 60mm 200m at average condi tions 360 reflector 1500m at average conditions Following Manuals are available with version 2 0 Language User Field Manual Manual Part no Part no English 725743 German 725744 French 725745 Spanish 725746 Italian 725747 Norwegian 725748 Swedish 725749 Danish 725750 Dutch 725751 Portuguese 725752 Japanese 725696 725753 High accuracy 2mm 2ppm 5mm 2ppm fast mode High speed 0 5sec fast mode 1 0sec User Interface Large graphics display 144 64 dots 24 8 char acters Full numeric with 12 keys Alphanumeric input mo bile phone style easy and quick keyboard Direct function keys Navigation keys On Off key protected by a small brim This brim and the intentional reduced re action time of the key avoids turning off the in strument accidentally during operation and turning on when putting it into the car rying case eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2007 Issue 12 e Ergonomic Trigger key on the side cover for easy measuring and recording the fastest way to shoot to a target Just keep your fin gers on the drive e Friction clutch and end less drives for Hz and V The annoying act of back ward rotation of the micro drives is no longer required Electronics and battery e RS232 interface e 12V external battery con nection e Large internal memory
2. A number of smaller mostly software ori ented firms helped make our exhibit well balanced and inter esting for visitors from all areas of surveying The main attrac tion for TPS was of course the introduction of the TPS700auto The one of a kind stand with live trees cobblestone paths waterfalls and an occasional thunderstorm drew visitors and was generally well received and talked about On a more personal side it was a great chance for the TPS Ap plication group to meet the German sales and support team We would like to take this opportunity to thank them for making the Intergeo 2001 a successful and very memorable exhibition Dankeschon Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com Editor s Note As you know we provide our users with a number of on and offboard software solutions for many applications However sometimes we come across a segment or an application with a very high level of specialisa tion Often these segments al ready have market leaders that provide specialised solutions Our goal is then to build a part nership with one of these lead ers to provide perfect solutions This is the case with Amberg Measuring Technique AMT AMT has very specialised knowledge of tunnel design and construction Their com plete solution for tunnelling in cludes office software and on board programs for the TPS
3. Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS Accessories BATTERIES and how fo treat them A reliable power supply is one of the most important con ditions for all surveying tasks in the field But how should we treat our batteries in order to retain their performance and guarantee a long life The lifetime of a battery is pri marily defined by the cell qual TPS NEWS 2001 ity the charging method and the charging discharging and storage temperature This article provides a quick overview on how to maximize the battery performance and service life by maintaining storing charging and dis charging correctly Cell types Leica Geosystems uses nickel cadmium NiCd and nickel metal hydride cells NiMH The cell type is indi cated on the battery Charging The charging temperature ambient temperature has a significant effect on the life of the batteries Charging at high temperatures can cause loss of capacity These losses in ca pacity are irreversible Even with several charging and dis charging cycles the original capacity can no longer be achieved For optimal charging the ambi ent temperature should be as low as possible i e between 10 C and 20 C The permit ted temperature range is be tween 0 C and 35 C NiCd batteries have up to 1000 charge cycles charging and discharging NiMH have up to 800 charge cycles Whenever possible charge batteries between 10 C and 20
4. C Operating The operating temperature has a significant effect on the useful battery capacity Gener ally Leica Geosystems batter ies can be operated from 20 C to 55 C Issue 5 But when operating at low tem peratures the useful capacity drops rapidly For example at 20 C the useful capacity is only about 70 when compared to 20 C On the other hand continuous use in the upper temperature range gt 45 C shortens the life of the battery Low operating temperatures significantly reduce the useful capacity Very high tempera tures can shorten the battery life Storing Batteries can be stored from 40 C to 50 C NiMH batteries must always be stored charged and must be recharged after 180 days at the latest When stored in the dis charged state for an extended period irreversible damage can be caused i e the original ca pacity can no longer be reached NiCd batteries can be stored in any charge state for an unlim ited period The self discharge of the bat tery is dependent on the tem perature and the atmospheric humidity High temperatures and high atmospheric humidity accelerate self discharging Self discharging per month Temp NiMH NiCd 15 15 Whenever possible store batteries between 0 C and 20 C in a dry environment NiMH batteries must be stored charged eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 5 Memory Effect The
5. adapter DIN2 the Omni Drive will now be delivered with a power adapter for a USB port The small PS2 power adapter will remain in the box Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 30 July Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS July 27 2001 Editor s Note WHEN DID YOU LAST CALIBRATE YOUR INSTRUMENT Modern surveying equipment achieves high levels of accu racy without you having to jump through any hoops but to maintain these levels they must be calibrated regularly Follow Juergens advice to avoid problems stemming from cali bration collimation and correc tions Our article on Calibration pro cedures is based on TPS1100 Professional Series instruments but the content is valid for any total station Anna Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS General Calibration The practical part Very often users expect modern electronic surveying instruments to correct and com pensate instrument errors automatically just go and measure Well this is true as long as some basic rules are followed Single face measurements With two face measurements most of t
6. allows you to record those results to the PC Card in a calibration protocol The cali bration parameters before and after instrument calibration are recorded to the protocol file with date and time in the units set on the instrument The registration of the calibra tion protocol can be activated from the Main Menu under 6 SHIFT F2 The information is recorded in a file named Calib log in the subdirectory LOG of the PC Card The prin ciple is the same as for the ap plication logfiles new informa tion is added to the logfile at each instrument calibration Centre working area This new function for the RCS mode saves time by the definition of working areas It allows to centre your current working area at any telescope position You define the dimen sions of the working area once and then you only need to re centre it anytime you change station or survey direction Point code and attribute conversion Point codes and attributes can be now converted from ASCII to GSI and backwards with the on board data conver sion function Up to three cod ing information can be con verted together with the point Id and the coordinates Just define a template with the sequence of the coordinates and coding information under F2 CONF then F3 ASCII within the data conversion func tion and the conversion runs automatically from ASCII to GSI or backwards Reorganise application memory The possibility to load
7. appli cation programs directly from the PC Card was the subject of last years newsletter 24 2000 When often loading and delet ing applications it may happen that the instrument memory gets too fragmented which makes it impossible to load new applications A memory man agement function is now avail able on board the instrument whereas the option for memory reorganization is automatically an option if applicable Alexandra Zdravkovic leica geosystems com News and Events TPS300 online test report Recently Al Pepling a licensed surveyor and editor for Profes sional Surveyor magazine had an in depth look at a TCR307 total station Read his glowing report on line at htto www profsurv com psarchiv htm gt Hands On Leica TCR307 Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 26 March Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS March 27 2001 Editor s Note In January we released a new application program for TPS1100 Professional Series instruments Reference Plane is a useful program with an num ber of useful applications The basics of this program are de scribed
8. be available soon in the PC card housing of the TPS1100 instruments A cor rection of the housing design has also been made in order to prevent inserting the PC card on the wrong side If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 28 May Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS May 28 2001 Editor s Note Have you ever wondered who the people are that design the functions of the instruments and determine the content of the software We call them Application Engineers and at Leica they all have a back ground in surveying To put faces to names you ve probably run across before like Alexan dra Zdravkovic or Wolfgang Hardegen we decided to intro duce the TPS Team to you Read about this international group and the work they do on page 2 On a more technical side Almut has written her first con tribution to TPS NEWS this year Read her article to find out about an accessory we some times take for granted Also in this edition of TPS NEWS you will find a brief re fresher on loading and deleting Applications on your TPS1100 instrument A very useful func tion try it sometime Anna
9. for gt 8000 records points measurements results e Removable handle Powerful internal NiMh batteries 1 8Ah GEB111 or 3 6Ah GEB121 The 3 6Ah battery has a capac ity of gt 600 measurements Optional Hardware for TPS700 Series Instruments The TPS700 Performance Se ries can be equipped with addi tional very useful hardware ATR and motorization All TPS700auto models are automated instruments They are equipped with an automatic target recognition ATR and with motorized Hz and V drives After a rough aiming to the target with the diopter the total station will perform the fine pointing measuring and re cording by pressing only a but ton No focusing no manual fine pointing ATR and motorization must be ordered with the instrument It is not possible to upgrade instru ments with mechanical drives later All following features can be upgraded anytime in a Leica service center Reflectorless EDM RL e Range white target 80m grey target 50m average conditions e High accuracy 3mm 2ppm e Speed 3sec max 10sec e Long Range to 1 GPR1 prism 5000m average conditions EGL emitting guide light All TPS700 total stations can be equipped with EGL Using the two flashing lights at the total station the person at the prism can guide himself into line of sight of the telescope with an accuracy of about 6cm This works up to a range of 150m EGL2 700 726825 fits on TPS70
10. here For more informa tion refer to the TPS1100 Appli cation Reference Manual which is included on every TPS Series CD With TPS1100 firmware V2 10 also released in January we added a number of improve ments as described in last months newsletter This month Philipp Keller explains the new functions of the Data Converter In more detail Enjoy Anna Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS1100 New Application Reference Plane Reference Plane is designed to measure points on or in ref erence to a plane As of 2 April it will be included in the new TPS Expert application package see below Coordinate System The program offers the choice between a local coordi nate system x y Z directly on the plane and the instrument coordinate system E N H The first step in the program is to decide which coordinate system to use TPS NEWS 2001 With the local coordinate sys tem the program prompts the user for the local coordinates of the first plane definition point thus allowing a coordinate sys tem independent of the current system values Defining the Plane A plane can be defined by 2 10 points Two points define a vertical plane 3 10 points de fine a tilted plane The points used to define the plane can be directly measured imported from a stored GSI file or input manually With 4 or more points a least squares adjustment is calcu lated resulting in a_ best fit plane The p
11. memory effect occurs if the same charging and dis charging conditions are con tinuously applied to a battery Then the battery no longer pro vides the full capacity and the operating time per battery charge reduces Whenever the memory effect occurs the battery should be refreshed i e fully charged and discharged 1 to 3 times Dis charging can be either done with the charger GKL122 or in the instrument by operating until the instrument switches off automatically The memory effect particularly occurs on NiCd batteries If the capacity of your battery drops noticeably it should be fully discharged and recharged 1 to 3 times Almut Blobel leica geosystems com TPS Team The TPS Application group currently consists of 12 people all with surveying backgrounds It is their job to define the total station and digital level features and functions according to mar ket demand and state of the art technology In addition they help design the accompanying software offer support and training to sales and support groups in the selling units world wide and write articles for TPS NEWS Back row left to right Wolfgang has been involved in the development of instruments for Leica customers for more than 10 years He s also the only one of us originally from the Rhine valley He is product BE 2 ci ste A g LEN 5 a 4 a N P 2 H PAE RA ATI 55 AAA oh Da formanc
12. the TCPS26 the RCS and the TPS GeoCOM and RCS parameters have to be same e Autoexec after power on TPS1100 Main Menu Configu ration 5 gt Instrument configu ration 1 gt Power On Power Off 04 has to be set to Main menu eca Geosystems Storing data via RS232 The new RCS1100 Software V1 25 allows the output of GSI data via the RS232 interface of the RCS A computer e g a handheld connected to the RCS can col lect the measurement data Press ALL or REC on the RCS and the data is automati cally transferred to the con nected computer in the defined REC mask This method differs from the Transparent Mode in that the TPS1100 can be controlled at any time by the RCS Data storage is via the RCS RS232 to a computer Where as in the Transparent Mode the TPS1100 and the RCS1100 are in the on line mode GeoCOM and can actu ally be controlled from the com puter There are many possible appli cations were this can be of use e producing maps online with a field computer e on line data storage from a remote station on to a handheld or a computer e Monitoring As in the Transparent mode the computer doesn t have to be next to the TPS1100 How to activate the RS232 Mode 1 Connect the radio modem TCPS26 to the TPS1100 Put the instrument in the RCS mode PROG gt F6 2 Connect your computer to the RS232 interface of the
13. 0auto and EGL3 667161 fits on non automated TPS700std 2 keyboard All TPS700 TPS700auto total stations can be ordered with a 2 keyboard GTS17 667757 Accessories Naturally a wide range of ac cessories is available for all TPS 700 Performance Series Instruments e g tribrachs tri pods power supplies chargers reflectors poles and target sets This time only want to mention the battery holders because it is often forgotten that there exist with TPS700auto total sta tions and gt 2000 measure ments with TPS70Ostd total stations The batteries fol low a standard for video camera batteries and can therefore easily be re placed in many common photo shops e Lockable battery case e Display heating and background _ illumination can be activated for cold and or dark environments also special ones which can save you time and money or protects even your life in some situations Battery holders e TPS 00 are all delivered with battery holders GHT31 711799 e GHT31M 667748 is a battery holder which has an allen key lock This is mainly used in underground mining applications for safety reasons removing the battery accidentally can cause sparking which can Geosystems TPS NEWS 2007 Issue 12 be very dangerous in sensi tive environments e GAD39 712156 is the red battery adapter This adapter allows to operate the TPS 00 total station with 6 standard LR6 AA AM3 1 5V
14. 1100 Professional Series The software has been a suc cess in tunnel projects world wide and the instrument has proven itself with the motoriza tion small precise visible re flectorless laser spot reliable ATR and removable handle However the popularity of this package is also due to the spe cial care and support the engi neers at Amberg give to each of our shared customers The TPS Team would like to take this chance to thank them for their dedication Read on for a Users report on TMS Profile Anna TPS NEWS 2001 Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS October 26 2001 TMS PROFILE USER REPORT Tunnelling in Switzerland 37 Tube Baregg Zurich Doing away with the bottle neck As a typical European me tropolis Zurich suffers heavy daily traffic The enormous commuter traffic during rush hours causes major traffic jams One hot spot is the twin tube Baregg Tunnel with two lanes each while the feeder is a three lane high capacity motorway To eliminate this bottle neck the government decided to construct a third three lane tube Issue 10 The project was awarded to the ARGE 3 Rohre Baregg a joint venture of Swiss Austrian and German construction com panies Construction of the 1 1 km long third tube was launched in December 2000 Two drives advancing from both sides are being excavated with a top and bench heading se quence using road headers With a cro
15. D V1 18 Once in the Transparent Mode you can for example use Leica Survey Office as if the instru ment was connected directly to the computer only exception don t upload system firmware Imagine an instrument which is used for monitoring and is diffi cult to get to With the software Data Exchange Manager you can download a measurement File from the PC card or upload applications a parameter File new EDM or ATR version easily with Software Upload It is also possible to control the TPS1100 from a computer by sending GEoCOM commands The computer doesn t have to be next to the TPS1100 As the link is via radio the computer can be anywhere within the radio connection How to activate the TPS1100 Transparent Mode 1 Connect the radio modem TCPS26 to the TPS1100 Turn the instrument on and put the TCPS26 TPS1100 instrument in the RCS mode PROG gt F6 2 Connect your computer to the RS232 interface of the RCS1100 3 Turn on the RCS You should now be able to control the TPS1100 from the RCS 4 On the RCS press the key FNC for at least two seconds until the configuration menu appears 5 In the menu Select TPS1100 Mode 2 select the value GeoCOM gt CONT 6 Wait until TPS1100 trans parent mode appears on the RCS display Precaution for correct function e The communication pa rameters of the computer
16. Got thard tunnel 15km length con nects the North to the South The climb up through the nar row valleys of the Alps is very time consuming A new transalpine railway line will shorten travel time from Zurich to Lugano both in Swit zerland by an hour and the time from Munich Germany to Milan Italy by almost four hours The heart of this new line will be the 57km long Gotthard base Issue 8 tunnel which traverses the Alps at about 500m above sea level As building a tunnel of such length conventionally from two sides would take too long the tunnel is also being built from the inside out using three addi tional access points Fix Point Nets A tunnel of such proportions is also a big challenge for geo detic surveying To guarantee the required accu racy 25cm is the tolerance at break through the basis for the AlpTransit surveying is an in genious system of fix points The first order 2D base fix point net for the AlpTransit proj ect was determined using Leica GPS At every tunnel access there are five of them a local network portal network was determined using high precision TPS measurements tied into the base network eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 8 The tunnel networks will be measured from these portal networks by high precision trav ersing An independent network was established for the elevations using Leica NA3003 and preci sion leveling metho
17. Monthly Newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS January December 2001 Geosystems 30 40 Monthly newsletter on Leica TPS January 29 2001 Editor s Note Greetings As promised we are presenting you with a new for mat for the TPS Newsletter this year TPS News will be a monthly publication intended for our sales force and customers It will convey specific applications of the TPS instruments Our development team will share tips and hints with you that will make your presenta tions and demonstrations pow erful and effective and help customers use our instruments efficiently and productively Application examples that illus trate ease of use will be in cluded where applicable This newsletter will run for the next 12 months Your com ments and inputs via email are always welcome wish you a successful and prosperous 2001 Anna Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS1100 TPS1100 RCS1100 Trans parent Mode The TPS1100 Transparent Mode makes it possible to communicate between the TPS1100 and a computer via the RCS1100 radio connection see figure The Transparent Mode works like the TPS on line mode GeoCOM the same way as if computer and TPS were con nected by cable TPS NEWS 2001 RCS1100 Computer With RCS Software V1 25 the Transparent Mode has been improved to work also with large files The software is available on the new TPS Series C
18. O03 00000003 1 0 00002645 F3 ASCII you can define a ASCII File example o2 O 00006543 83 0 00002540 template with the sequence of 1 H00000 ST the coordinates and coding Agee Oey aa information in your ASCII file 5364 s 643 1563 XY TR 11000400000004 31 0 00002857 TAIS IGMpiate 1S USOA TOT ASCH 18 1 2010 ST 82 0400001723 83 0400001034 source and output files 4 2 857 1 723 1 034 XY WL 1 ooocooWN L Example You have an ASCII coordinate If you don t want to convert the list with no heights but point 5 column XY just skip the code and one attribute which position 5 in your template Is this template used for the ASCII output File the 5 col Ptld N E PC Attr1 Height Pos you want to convert to GSI The PE Commay umn will be filled with the value sequence of your ASCII file is Id Pos 1v aro the following East Pos 2V North Pos ae So you have to define your Pt Code Pos aail template as following Attrib 1 Pos soner Attrib 2 Pos NoneV eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 3 New Application Packs Missing values When values are missing in the ASCII source File at the end of a line the line is converted without these values If East or North is missing the line is not converted at all ASCII File example 1 3 653 1 289 0 994 TR Oak 2 2 364 5 643 1 561 TR 3 2 645 4 2 857 1 723 1 034 WL Concrete The matching GSI output File format when using the de
19. ODIF there are additional dialogs to modify recalculate the entered values Both the azimuth or bearing and distance can be multiplied and or divided Addi tional values can then be added and subtracted Issue 6 E g 40 000 x 3 120 000 2 60 000 10 000 70 000 Confirm your final result with F1 CONT to use it in the Trav erse calculation Intersections There are four intersection methods to choose from The coordinates of the first and sec ond points are always required The other necessary informa tion varies according to your selection In most methods you can enter offsets in addition to the required values The results are always coordinates of a new point e Bearing Bearing add the azimuths from pts 1 and 2 Bearing Distance also input azimuth from pt 1 and horizontal distance from pt 2 _ 3 Distance Distance hori _ zontal distances from pts 1 and 2 are known 4 Intersection by Points Jadditional points 3 and 4 are used some of the methods have two correct solutions Toggle be tween them by pressing F2 OTHER The results can always be staked out directly by pressing F5 STAKE Offsets The Offsets options are a subset of the possibilities of fered by the Reference Line program eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 6 Distance Offset returns the AOffset and ALine values of a point in relation to
20. OORD gt button and presses ENTER 2 If he wants to input a new fixpoint then he just keys in the desired point number After pressing the lt CO ORD gt button the program asks for the co ordinates if there is no fixpoint stored under this point number After he has confirmed his entries the program calcu lates the area using this new point With this feature a surface can now be determined from two different stations This might be necessary if not all of the boundary points are visible from the same station Number of codes doubled With the new firmware ver sion 3 00 the instrument can cope with codelists which con tain up to 200 codes This is the double amount of codes com pared to version 2 20 Code before after measure ment In the menu the user can now choose between recording the code before or after the measurement Thus far this setting was available only in the PC based program TPS Setup Pascal Ruethemann leica geosystems com TPS1100 Reflectorless measurements up to 200m cial corner measurement pro grams This technology enables meas urements to reflective tapes up to 1000m 3 300ft You can measure up to 7500m 24 600ft with a single prism and 12 000m 39 500ft with three prisms Beside the new reflectorless technology the infrared EDM guarantees a precision of 2mm 2ppm over the whole measurement range from O to 3000m Following table gives an over v
21. RCS1100 3 Set the GSI parameter Protocol to None on the TPS1100 5 gt 2 gt 1 4 Make sure that the commu nication parameters of the in strument RCS and GSI the TCPS26 the RCS and the computer are the same 5 Chose RS232 as Meas ure job 6 Measure points with ALL or REC in the Measure amp Re cord dialog Philipp Keller leica geosystems com News and Events Contract won in Azerbaijan Leica Geosystems AG has re cently been awarded a contract by the World Bank to supply 30 units various models of the TPS300 instruments and 30 units GPS500 Systems to be delivered to the Republic of Azerbaijan These instruments will be used within the Agricul tural Development and Credit Project Baku Azerbaijan The contract was a major success for Leica Geosystems AG and it helps to intensify our presence in the Caucasus region Delegation from Albania Recently we had the previlege of receiving a delegation of Sur veyors from Albania both from TPS NEWS 20071 Issue 1 the government and the private sectors All these surveyors are involved in the Land Reforma tion projects in their country The aim of the visit is to intro duce these surveyors to the latest technology that Leica Geosystems can offer to assist them in their surveying projects As a result of the meeting in Heerbrugg several units of TPS300 were purchased Contract won in Bulgaria Lei
22. a defined baseline set point by Dist Offset_calcu lates the coordinates of a point from the entered AOffset and ALine values 3 Point Arc This program calculates the coordinates of the center of an arc as well its radius using three points The center point can be staked out by pressing F5 STAKE after calculation Good to know Every time a point i e coor dinates is required in COGO you have three options You can import it from any GSI file on your PC card measure the point with your instrument or manually input the coordinates using the keypad You always have a choice It is also important to know that only two applications can be run at any one time on your TPS1100 For example if you are already running Stakeout and open COGO to make a calculation the STAKE key to go stakeout the point will not work since this key starts the program You must either store the point and then return to the open Stakeout program or close Stakeout before starting COGO COGO is included in the TPS Advanced and TPS Expert application packages Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com News and Events Hydrographic Conference The author had the chance to visit this years conference of the German Hydrographic Soci ety which took place from 18 to 20 June 2001 in the lovely city of Potsdam Well known for its history and worldwide aca demic reputation as a center for geodesy and gravity research it was the perfect su
23. alues for oATR Hz and oATR V should decrease as you repeat the process After the last run they should be close to zero Juergen Mayer leica geosystems com News and Events New firmware version 3 50 As of July the new firmware version 3 50 for TPS300 series instruments was released This new version contains the on board application Reference line which increases the value of your TPS300 considerably Reference Line program This program can be used to set out or inspect building lines straight sections of roads sim ple groundwork etc A reference line can be defined in relation to a known base line e g an ex isting boundary line of a building site It can then be shifted and rotated to define the required reference All measured points refer to the reference line The reference line program has been explained in more detail in two previous issues of TPS Newsletters 22 2000 and 28 2000 Refer to these fro more information on this pro gram Marco Mueller leica geosystems com New Team Members We are very pleased to wel come two new team members to the TPS Application group Marco Mueller is our new TPS100 and TPS300 Product Manager and Alex Lototzky has joined the TPS1100 group from Australia Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com Th
24. ame for all instrument types This means that the functions to control automation are visible also on TPS700std instruments which have no automation Naturally an appropriate mes sage comes up if you try to use such functions on a TPS700std e g switching on off the ATR Note software 112 311 or previous versions can not be used any more on any TPS 00 delivered after about Nov Dec 2001 If for any reason a customer needs the old look and feel of the software we provide a spe cial version 112 2400 This ver sion looks exactly the same as 112 311 but runs on all TPS 00std instruments ever delivered This version is natu rally not designed for TPS700auto instruments be cause it does not contain any function needed to control automation ATR or Motors Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2007 Issue 12 New Manuals V2 0 TPS700 instruments are deliv ered with 2 Manuals V2 0 These manuals fit to software version 200 401 e User Manual V2 0 This manual contains the chapters preparation setting up very basic instrument op eration checking and adjusting care and storage safety direc tions technical data atmos pheric corrections and formulas Standard Hardware Features for EVERY TPS700std TPS700auto All TPS700 total stations are delivered with a lot of brilliant standard features Telescope aiming e Leica precision optics provide for clear target visi bility e Telescop
25. and that this forum is not really objective but never the less will attempt to dispel any false apprehensions about the use of Leica reflectorless measurements Your Leica reflectorless instru ment has a red reference laser dot This dot is quite useful for indoor or close range work This visible laser is also the actual beam which performs the re flectorless measurement eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 11 Once this is realized measure ments to corners can be done with a higher degree of confi dence At ranges where the beam is not visible the reflectorless EDM is still working though the advantage of seeing the meas uring spot is gone The spot size or footprint of the EDM beam is an important concept to understand in order to confidently measure dis tances to non_ perpendicular objects which will be most cases To introduce you to this new concept figure 1 illustrates the footprint size of the Leica RL beam at different distances Collimating the RL EDM Since the laser dot and the telescopes line of sight do not automatically coincide they should be checked for collima tion periodically This is very simple because the beam is visible Detailed instruction on the testing and calibration proc ess can be found in the user manual on page 47 48 TPS1100 user manual ver 2 1 or for a simple field test find a location where the laser dot can be seen on a surface at ab
26. anding reflectorless Xrange laser distance meter and ATR automatic target recognition is a great tool in daily operation It makes us even more flexible in positioning and measuring among the machines in the tun nel Besides the clever on board software functions com bined with a perfect workflow and operating ease in post processing makes it a real work horse This iS m application software f developed by people who know the tunnelling business After returning to his office we start the post processing While make fresh coffee Tom transfers his field rocessing Profile 1 5364 98 It took me roughly 15 minutes to make the dearly needed re freshment and Tom is already sending the documented results of our survey by fax to the site He smiles and says Once you have set up your project data base you have an easy life for the rest of the project Have a look at the results Every thing is clear and easy understand able The site manager is satis fied and we can go on with the next job It all sounds fantastic but we really are happy and a little bit proud when we get this abso lute recommendation Never theless we also appreciate the critical replies of our customers because we are aware that even good products always have potential for improve ments data to the computer and starts the post processing right away f LEICA TMS PROwin 7 0 File Transfer Edit Positi
27. any came to Leica 2 years ago and is re sponsible for TPS1100 on board Application programs Philipp born and educated in Switzerland started working for Leica 2 years ago Mostly he works on TPS1100 and RCS1100 but fills in wherever he is needed Alexandra has been in Heer brugg for 5 years She is from western French speaking Switzerland and is product manager for the TPS1100 Pro fessional Series etica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 5 Juergen first came to Leica as a university student and returned after getting his degree in Vi enna He has been here for 2 years now His responsibilities lie with the TPS1100 family A number of product families have been developed with Pas cal s input left Working for Leica for 3 years he is currently product manager for the TPS100 and TPS300 families Bayren right joined us from Hamburg Germany this spring He has a background in hydro graphic applications and is now involved in our TPS100 TPS300 product development TPS1100 Loading Applications from your PC card With firmware V2 03 we added a feature that has had resounding success Being able to load Application programs in the field from a PC card is a practical and often used func tion In June 2000 we wrote a TPS Newsletter 24 2000 about this function Some questions have since come up that need clarifi cation Publishing To load an application from a PC card the fi
28. ation coord 2 1 936 3 142 1 936 maximum allowed distance of a 100 0 000 O04 0 000 plane definition point from the 101 0 002 defined plane This helps elimi 7 3 0 002 0 263 nate gross errors in the plane 1004 definition No of Pis 0 mi Another setting is Logfile on off If on all relevant plane Offset im information is recorded in a text Offset PL file See example right Points Measured With its many settings and op Point id X Coord im Y Coord m Coan m Dd im tions Reference Plane can be 201 Ofer 0 000 g4 mae used for a number of applica re pape 1 095 pipe tions e from parking lots 204 2175 0 290 0 170 0 290 to roofs and everything in be s95 5 549 0 908 US tween Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com Id Pos 1v Data converter East Pos 3V North Pos 2V TIDO01 H0000001 1 0 00003653 With the new TPS1100 firm TPS1100 Delimiter CommaV gt GSI ve l Height Pos Nonev o2 0000 1299 23 O 000099 4 ware V2 10 it is possible to con De Code Poa av 74 _40000007R vert point code and one or two Atri b I POS Sv attributes from ASCII to GSI or Attrib 2 Pos Nonev TDS and back with the on 1100020000002 1 0 00002364 board data converter Skip a column Sz OH0005643 3 0 0000 1563 Defining a template If you have an ASCII File with a 1 000000T Ri Under F2 CONF within the column that you don t want to data conversion function then convert you can skip it T1ID
29. batter ies The GAD 39 fits into the GHT31 GHT31M This might be very useful as an emergency power supply because the AA size bat teries are available almost anywhere on the world Moisture and Survey Equipment Moisture is everywhere The air around us has varying degrees of moisture depending on the weather conditions and what climatic region you are in Sur veyors work in extreme cli mates so their instruments must also be able to withstand these conditions Leica insists on extremely high standards of environmental endurance of all it s products We place our instruments through extensive tests for this purpose Moisture in particular is an enemy of electronic com ponents This is mainly due to it s conductivity of electricity and it s ability to adversely affect electrical pulses that occur in electronic components Also once moisture has entered the housing it usually stays where it can slowly corrode sensitive components inside causing problems weeks or months after the initial exposure Naturally the operating time for TPS700auto instru ments is quite limited but it is often enough to let you finish the job the same day Wolfgang The obvious solution you may think is to totally seal the hous ing of the unit There are diffi culties with this though Key boards com ports moving parts and connectors for ex ample are difficult to properly seal One other problem that is not so obvious
30. ca Geosystems is pleased to announce the awarding of a contract by the Government of Bulgaria to supply 30 units of the TCR303 instruments These instruments will be used in the Land Management and Devel opment projects to update the registration of land titles in Bul garia Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 26 February Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS February 26 2001 Editor s Note This month read all about exciting new features and im provements at opposite ends of our total station spectrum Pascal writes about the TPS300 Basic Series and the recently released firmware V3 00 which brings with it useful changes in system applica tions and coding functions At the other end of the spec trum the TPS 1100 Professional Series continues to be im proved The new instruments with ex tended range reflectorless op tion the TPS1100 XR have a reflectorless range up to 200m Read all about this new instrument and new system functionality for all TPS1100 instruments in Alexandra s con tribution Happy reading Anna Anna McKenzie leica geosystem
31. codes one after another with no measurements in between Individual Point numbering Ptld Run lt gt Indiv option has been added to the FNC list of functions This enables the user to interrupt point collection with sequential numbering to collect a single point with a fixed name or point number e g Cadastral control point User defined Start up screen It is now possible for the user to define the screen that is dis played on start up Briefly de scribed this is achieved by re cording the keystrokes neces sary to reach your desired screen from the regular start up screen max 16 keystrokes The instrument replays those keystrokes every time it starts Up US Feet Meters A function has been added to the FNC list that enables users to quickly switch between US Feet with 2 decimal places and to Meters with 3 decimal places Layout and more detailed Warnings Major improvements have been made to the overall layout of the system making it more struc tured and easier to use Some of these improvements are Exit The lt exit gt option has now got a slightly modified action When the user is selecting lt exit gt from inside an applica tion the user will be taken to the opening dialogue of that application If the lt exit gt option is selected at any other time the user is taken to the Meas amp Rec screen Graphical Distance modes Horizontal slope and vertical distance
32. d space conditions This versatile and powerful system solution enables us to do a highly efficient and proper job says Tom LEICA TMS PROFILE a tailor made tunnelling solution The LEICA TMS PROFILE software solution is the result of an intensive cooperation between Leica Geosystems and the swiss tunnelling experts of Amberg Measuring Technique The software solution consits of two components the on board application TMS PROscan PLUS and the post processing software TMS PROwin We visited Tom on site to get an impression of what tunnel surveying really means Of course we were interested in how the hardware and software solutions perform under such tough conditions On our arrival at his office Tom gets a call from the site ise ee SET Ee manager Please come and ae eS check the tunneling done during the last 24 hours On the way to the site Tom explains to us the importance of a continuous quality and quantity survey for the tunnel construction manager Much money can be lost due to poor profile quality Quantity figures computed with TMS PROwin provide valuable data for daily construction costing and claim management It is up to the surveyors to provide high quality service on site and deliver reliable results in good time After arrival on site Tom sets up his instrument near the area of actual excavation Nowadays Tom s presence is very wel come The mi
33. de and production is fully running The instrument is already well established and the feedback from the market is very positive It is interesting to see that the models with integrated infrared and reflectorless EDM are now much more preferred than the models with infrared EDM only It is obvious that more and more customers want all round in struments which can be used for a lot of different tasks TPS700 Performance Series Product Features and Equipment The information in this news letter will be focused on the equipment and features of the TPS700 product Note that the expression TPS700std is used for all standard non automated TPS700 instruments TC TCR 702 703 and 705 Information on the WWW If you are interested in Leica products just visit the Leica homepage There you will find a lot of details and technical specifications of all Leica Geo systems products http www leica geosystems com The web page for the new TPS 00auto has also been updated From the homepage just select Products Total stations TPS 00 Surveying Total stations Performance series TC 02 703 705 or TC702 703 705auto Software for all TPS700 V200 401 is the current soft ware All TPS700std AND TPS700auto are delivered ex factory with this software ex cept delivery to China This Software runs on all TPS 00 instruments ever pro duced and delivered The software looks the s
34. ds High precision traverse Gruenenfelder AG is a Swiss surveying company equipped with Leica instruments They are part of the consortium that is responsible for the surveying tasks at the Gotthard base tun nel For one day a team of their sur veyors was accompanied by a Leica Application Engineer who assisted them in doing a high precision traverse at the south end of the tunnel in Bodio The goal was to get highly accurate 2D coordinates of the fix points in the tunnel Following is a step by step re port of the procedures used that day to achieve the required accuracy Measurement Procedures The start of the traverse is right at the tunnel portal The instrument a TCA2003 is setup over a fix point of the portal network with visibility into the tunnel This is done right at the arrival so the instrument has time to acclimatize to the ambient temperature during the meas urement preparations The greater the temperature differ ences are the longer an instru ment has to be acclimatized before starting measurements In TPS News 33 2000 we wrote about another part of this amaz ing project transfering an elevation down an 800 m tunnel shaft A rule of thumb says to wait two minutes per degree tempera ture change This is due to the fact that heating up or cooling down of the instrument can lead to internal physical tension which can affect instrument accuracy eS To protect the instrument a
35. e Measure ment technology about 3 dec ades ago surveyors were con fronted with a new way to measure distances which forced a re evaluation of field tech niques In recent years EDM technology has been pushed to a new level by Leica Geosys tems The Leica Reflectorless EDM RL introduced a dra matic new way to measure dis tances Before inaccessible points which were either omitted from surveys for difficulty rea sons or in cases where col lecting them would endanger the life of the assistant Col lecting the corner position of the neighboring house when there is a dangerous dog protecting the yard was when a surveyor really discovered how brave the assistant was Now such points are easy to collect and every survey assistant can breathe a sigh of relief Now most instrument manu facturers have followed Leica s lead and included reflectorless functionality in their total sta tions Along with this has come a very confusing amount of marketing information about the safety range accuracy and reliability of reflectorless meas urement The focus of much of this information has been in regards to the range The stated range of normal EDM capabili ties to prisms were quite repre sentative because of the nature of the prisms themselves The properties of a prism are pre dictable and so the perform ance of an EDM to a prism can also be predicted to high degree of certainty This same cannot be said for re
36. e Series Jimmy started work for the software group 3 years ago and recently joined TPS An Austrian he works on innova tion projects and the usual testing and project work familiar to us all Olaf has many years with Leica under his belt Originally from Berlin Germany he has made his home in the Rhine valley for the past 30 years He has held a number of positions within the firm and is now our TPS Pro gram leader Susanne also hails from Ger many She spent last summer here testing TPS1100 and ATR as a student Lucky for us she decided to come back and work for us full time She has been here for 9 months now and works with TPS700 Almut migrated to TPS from the software group recently After graduating in Germany she moved to Switzerland 3 years 4 1 TA s eee eS Geen Ie oS 1 Toa te De S DARF p A i ee Be Oe pe T E S T maana en oe a Sg R a N a a T a a A AA ee A Dr fe a amp ie nad om ind PFE Pons ars a i PA manager for the TPS700 Per gt a DRL T SSS ae re oS Se Sar ago and now works on TPS software Of the Application Engineers Felix is the most senior For the past 15 years he has worked primarily on the development of digital levels Felix is from Swit zerland An experienced surveyor Marco came to us this April and has since been working on digital levels He is also Swiss Front row left to right Anna Corinne Cori an Ameri can schooled in Germ
37. e next issue of TPS News will be published on 27 August Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com 30 40 Monthly newsletter on Leica TPS August 27 2001 Editor s Note Last month Jurgen gave us with a detailed description of possi ble instrument errors and how to avoid them This month Philipp was lucky enough to accompany a sur veying team for a day and see the theory put into practice He visited the AlpTransit tun neling project at the Gotthard When finished this will be the longest railway tunnel in the world measuring 57 km By 2013 it is expected that 300 trains will pass through this tun nel daily transporting passen gers and cargo under the Alps After reading about this fasci nating project perhaps you too would like to share your sur veying project with us We are always eager to read about real life applications and proj ects involving our instruments Send me your stories Anna Altdorf Altitude m TPS NEWS 2001 TPS Project AlpTransit Gotthard Swit zerland High precision measurement The AlpTransit Project In the last few years the European high speed train net work has been continuously improved but North South travel through Europe remains tedious and lengthy as the Alps must always be crossed Today trains climb up to 1100m above sea level where the existing
38. e with 30x mag nification field of view 1 30 or 26m at 1km e 2 diopters on the upper and lower side of the EDM housing for easy rough tar geting without focusing or using the telescope Angle readings setup e Fast absolute encoders for Hz and V readings The angles are displayed imme diately after switching on No initialization is neces sary e 2 3 and 5 angle accu racy according to DIN18723 1SO12857 e Mechanical 6 circular bubble for quick leveling e Field Manual V2 0 This manual describes the op eration of each onboard func tion and application It is a full manual not a short instruction and has to be used in addition to the User Manual The field Manual has a small size DIN A6 and fits perfectly into the carrying case of the total sta tion which is an excellent pro tection for the manual It is therefore much easier to take it to the field and if you have to look up a certain function or application the manual is now always with you without switching on the in strument e Electronic 2 axis com pensator for fine leveling and automatic compensa tion of leveling errors up to 4 0 07gon e Laser plummet for quick centering The visible red laser is integrated into the alidade and turns together with the standing axis Infrared EDM IR e Huge range 1 GPR1 standard prism 3000m average condi tions 20km visibility 3 GPR1 standard prisms
39. ed Unavoid able errors in the production process mechanical stresses temperature changes etc lead to small deviations that cause a line of sight error and a tilting axis error Line of sight error Hz collimation error The line of sight error is caused by the deviation c be tween the optical line of sight and the line perpendicular to the tilting axis This error affects all horizontal circle readings and increases with steep sightings The following table shows the influence of a line of sight error of c 10 for different vertical angles Wangle errorin Hz 90 10 60 This effect can be eliminated by precisely defining the line of sight error with the instrument s onboard calibration function or with two face measurements Tilting axis error The tilting axis error is caused by the deviation a of the mechanical tilting axis from the line perpendicular to the vertical axis Vertical axis This error has no effect on ex actly horizontal sightings but increases with steep sightings The following table shows the influence of a tilting axis error of a 10 for different vertical an gles Wangle Errorin Hz 90 0 6 This effect can be eliminated as well by precisely defining the tilting axis error with the instru ment s onboard calibration function or with two face meas urements Standing axis error This error differs from the previous one beca
40. es an application program that can really make your life easier COGO for TPS1100 series in struments is a very useful tool by anyone s standards and urge you to try it out and dis cover for yourself the many possibilities it offers Remem ber every TPS1100 application program has a DEMO mode that offers the full program functionality It just won t let you store any data Also this month Bayren vis ited the annual German Hydro graphic conference and has included a brief summary of this event May the sun shine Anna Aanna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS1100 COGO Application Program COordinate GeOmetry is a versatile mathematical tool that enables you to do a number of calculations in the field without having to dig out your calculator or remember the formulas The program is divided into 5 groups each of which contains a variety of functions i TPS NEWS 2001 Inverse amp Traverse Use the nverse module to calculate azimuth and horizontal distance between two known points Traverse does the opposite by determining coordinates of a point given the azimuth and distance from a known point You can also use additional offsets to define the new point see pic Once calculated the point can be set out by pressing F5 STAKE This starts the regular Stakeout application program and allows you to directly stakeout the point On the 2 level of the Traverse module SHIFT F5 M
41. fault ASCII template is 1170001 00000001 1 0 00003653 82 0 00001289 63 0 00000994 71 000000TR F2 000000ak 110002 00000002 81 0 000023564 82 0 00005643 63 0 00001 563 71 000000TR 110003 00000004 81 0 00002557 82 0 00001 723 83 0 00001054 71 000000VVL F2 Concrete When values that are defined in the ASCII template are missing in the GSI source File the missing values are replaced by zero in the ASCII output File Publishing TDS With the improved datacon verter V2 10 it is possible to convert the TDS descripor to ASCII or GSI files WI71 amp 72 and the other way round When converting to or from GSI8 the descriptor if more than 8 char acters is split to WI71 and 72 Example Descriptor Center Line gt GSI W171 Center L W172 00000ine Philipp Keller leica geosystems com If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 23 April As of 2 April the following application packages will re place the current TPS1100 Sur veying an Engineering packs TPS Advanced Standard applications Reference Line Sets of Angles COGO Area Traverse Local Resection TPS Expert TPS Advanced Hidden Point Reference Plane Face Scan Auto Record Seica Leica Geo
42. fice using the post processing software LTOP So far the length of the tunnel in Bodio and therefore the meas ured traverse is about 2km With the described measure ment arrangement the accuracy for a 2km traverse is typically better than 1cm Summary Even with modern high pre cision instruments measures must be taken to achieve highly accurate results This is mostly due to physical and environ mental circumstances such as heat expansion or refraction The following measures should always be taken if high accu racy is required independent of instrument type e Use a sunshade to protect instrument and tripod e Let the instrument acclimate to the ambient temperature 2 minutes per 1 C tem perature difference e Regularly calibrate the in strument e Measure in both faces e Measure temperature and pressure to correct the dis tance measurement ppm e High precision measure ments should be done in the morning or with overcast skies For more information on the Alptransit project go to their website at www alptransit ch The site is available in English German French and Italian Philipp News and Events TPS300 now available in Albanian Leica Geosystems delivered 25 TPS300 Total Stations to the Kosovo early this summer These instruments will be used to build up a new cadastral net work We are also proud to have our 17th language in the TPS300 product lines Since only few
43. flectorless meas urements Standards The surface to which a sur veyor is measuring with a re flectorless EDM hugely influ ences the range which can be achieved The angle of inci dence of the beam and the condition of the surface also play significant roles So what standards have been used so far The terms Kodak gray and Kodak white crop up when reflectorless perform ances are mentioned To simply define Kodak white has a re flective property of 90 and Kodak gray 18 In the real world though the reflectivity of surfaces can differ even greater For example a glossy white painted surface will possi bly exceed 90 reflectivity while a coal stockpile will probably have a reflective qual ity below 5 It is important to take this information into con sideration when viewing reflec torless EDM range specifica tions It is also important to note that the reflectivity of a surface is significantly affected by the angle of incidence of the meas uring beam and also by the condition of the surface e g wet dry Measuring Confidently Much confusion and appre hension still surrounds the con fident use of reflectorless measurements in the field Sur veyors have little time to per form accuracy studies between reflector and reflectorless EDM s in different situations but there is no real objective guid ance available to help surveyors to confidently exploit reflector less measurements under st
44. ght e 5mm 2ppm for tapes per pendicular to the line of sight e up to 10mm 2ppm for in clined tapes In order to guarantee the speci fied accuracy the red laser beam must be well aligned with the telescope line of sight The adjustment of the red laser can be easily checked in the office or in the field with the target plate and the appropriate screwdriver available in the instrument case Adjustment can be done with the screws located on the bottom side of the telescope If the red laser beam is not perfectly aligned you can get the best possible results for distance measurement by searching for the maximum EDM signal Do this by using the EDM test signal function under FNC 8 Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 4 After distance measurement don t forget to precisely aim at the target for correct Hz angle measurement The instrument must configured in VFree mode for correct V angle re aiming Note that distance measure ments to target plates may also be run by using the reflectorless EDM Prora program selection gr DH Prog for DIST ALL EN Pe TYP Pronta DETALE Al standatdr However this EDM pro gram is not recom mended for measurements to reflector tapes as the Standard Long program guarantees more reliable results Further more the reflectorless program should not be used for dis tances over 768m 2480ft which corresponds to the ambi guity of
45. he Loading dialog from the Main Menu press 5 Configuration 4 Load 3 Load Application Delete an application by pressing F5 DEL A in this dialog Watch out If you have two versions of an application on your PC card the instrument will only recog nise the lower version number and will load these files not the newer version Reorganising memory With all the loading and de leting possibilities the memory occasionally gets fragmented making it impossible to fully load an application If this hap pens with firmware versions V2 10 and higher the instru ment will offer to reorganise the memory for you TPS NEWS 02 2001 This takes a few min utes but is well worth the wait You can then resume loading applications Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com Seica Leica Geosystems AG If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at CH 9435 Heerbrugg A McKenzie lei t Switzerland nna Mc enzie elCa geosystems com Phone 4171 72731 31 The next issue of TPS News will be Fax 4171 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com published on 25 June Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS June 25 2001 Editor s Note We are now finally heading into summer in Switzerland This is a great season to be a surveyor outside in beautiful weather all day the envy of all office workers This month s article featur
46. he instrument errors are eliminated when averaging the measured angles But as one face measurements are usually the standard method it is most important to determine the following instrument errors e Line of sight error TPS NEWS 2001 e Vertical index error e Compensator index e ATR collimation Great care must be taken dur ing the calibration process be cause with one face measure ments you will be affected by the accuracy of the errors de termined wrong corrections cause inaccurate measurement results When to calibrate your instru ment Instrument errors are deter mined and set to zero during the production process Never theless the values can change due to mechanical shock tem perature changes rough han dling etc Always keep in mind that a total station is a very se sitive high precision instrument that should be handled with care Therefore the instrument should be calibrated regularly Additionally calibration should be done in the following cases e before first use e after long storage periods e after big temperature changes e after rough or long trans portation e periodically for high accu racy jobs What to look out for Good atmospheric conditions i e no strong heat shimmer are essential Before you start calibration make sure that the instrument had enough time to adapt to the ambient temperature The rule of thumb is that the time for Issue 7 acclimatiza
47. iew of the technical data for distance measurement with reflectorless or infrared technol ogy With the new Type oftarget Max range Accuracy ess laser beam TPS1 100 XRange Peflactari en ce 0 tn A Sie can measure PAR ee B00m 20008 5mm 2 fectoress ds non tances up to 200m Reflective tape bOxbUmm 1000m 300 tt Smim 2 porn 660ft depending Single prism 7500m 24600 Smm 2ppm capability of the Pee FF S85 ae capability of the surface Infrared beam Reflectorless Reflective tape 6Ox60mm 250m O20 tt 2mm 2porm measurement iS single prism 3000m OOOO 2mm ppm ue Fe FFE ro phase shift tech l under normal atrnospheric conditions nology This pat r ented technique emits an ex tremely narrow visible laser bundle that precisely marks the target and guarantees very ac curate distance measurement Spotsize of RL beam TPS1100 System V2 10 new functionality Several wishes have been At 20m 66ft 0 7 x 1 4 cm realised in the newest system software V2 10 A short de scription of some of the new functions follows At 100m 330ft 1 5 x 3 0 cm At 200m 660ft 3 0 x 6 0 cm The small laser spotsize at the target enables accurate meas urements also to edges and corners without the help of spe Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 2 Calibration protocol A protocol of the instrument calibration results is increas ingly requested by contractors V2 10 now
48. into an ongoing fieldwork ses sion Such small trials need only be performed when an element of doubt exists with a particular shot The overall result will be a significantly and progressively improving understanding and Publishing Building Figure 3 confidence with reflectorless and practically We hope that observations these simple procedures will R assist you in your everyday use Conclusion We here at Leica have held as a high priority the optimizing of the reflectorless EDM in our instruments A minimum foot print size is extremely important feature for the field surveyor The Leica reflectorless EDM has optimized this aspect ena bling almost all field observa tions to achieve survey accu racy The correct implementa tion of any technology is the final vindication of successful survey techniques Each sur veyor must carefully assess his or her individual project re quirements and it is their re sponsibility to ensure that their field techniques meet these standards We are interested in assisting each surveyor to achieve this goal economically of our cutting edge technology Happy surveying from the TPS team here at Leica Geosystems AG Alex News and Events New Team Members We are pleased to welcome three new team members to the TPS Application groups Falko joined the Surveying group from Germany and Werner came over from IMS Since Christian came the Con struction group now also ha
49. is the stress placed upon seals when the outside pressure and tem perature changes rapidly This often happens to survey equip ment when it is removed from sealed carry cases To elaborate on this point with a real example the RCS1100 unit s design integrates seals which are optimized to offer the best environmental protection to the internal components while overcoming this pressure differ ence problem The RCS unit is not completely sealed We have integrated a special membrane permuting controlled exposure to the outside environment which protects the unit s internal components from the worst effects of rain and immersion This membrane will let moisture pass through So in the event of a large temperature change moisture is permitted to con dense upon internal compo nents Our highly skilled technicians and designers tirelessly work to ensure that the RCS1100 and all our other electronic equip ment can withstand the rigorous climatic extremes that you our valued client call your office Alex Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2002 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 28 January 2002 Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com
50. isible laser beam for il luminating the target point can now be switched on or off in the Functions FNC menu The new setting is displayed for approx one second and then set This function is especially useful when it is configured to the USER key Tie distance program Now two different modes are available in the tie distance pro gram e Polygonal mode A B B te co N oO oO O Slope distance 1 2 TC700Z103 i Az 1 2 lope distance 1 3 Fi Az 1 3 2 Centre A point After the first tie distance has been measured in the polygo nal mode point 2 of the first tie distance is kept as point 1 for the next tie distance While in the radial mode the first point is kept for all the following tie dis tances Slope distance 1 4 Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 2 In both modes the following values are calculated e Horizontal distance Height difference Bearing Slope distance The tie points can either be measured online ALL DIST REC lt MEAS gt selected from the memory or input from the keyboard lt COORD gt Of course all the results are saved in the memory Area program On the measurement screen of the area program there is a new button called lt COORD gt The surveyor can use it for two different things 1 First he inputs the point number of the fixpoint he wants to choose from the memory Then he puts the focus on the lt C
51. larger the footprint the exponentially greater this problem becomes Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 11 Figure 3 applies these princi ples to measuring to both inter nal and external corners Not sure whether the actual internal corner has been measured to Fig B in Fig 3 Try putting the instrument into tracking mode and start distance meas urement Then slowly move the telescope from one wall to the other passing the corner Watch the distances change Go back and stop at the point when the distance is the greatest indicat ing the actual corner then check where both the cross hairs and laser spot are The same can not always be done for an external corner as shown in Fig A This time the transition from the external corner to the fence will have a mixed dis tance which results when part of the laser dot is measuring the corner and the remainder of the dot is measuring to the fence The resulting distance is a mix of the two returning signals In such a situation it is important that the entire laser dot is on the corner that you are measuring Figure 1 illustrates the size of the dot at different ranges which might help the surveyor to esti mate where to aim for a suc cessful distance in these cases The intention of these simple procedures is to help the sur veyor to build confidence in reflectorless measurements by conducting very simple and fast field trials that can be integrated
52. les must be in the following directory PC Card directory You need at least two files to load a TPS1100 application These are the prg and the Ixx files The prg file is the program file and the Ixx file contains the language In addi tion to these two files you can also load an app file contain ing special configuration set tings All files must have the same version number or they cannot be loaded You can get the files off your current TPS Series CD in the language folder of the TPS1100 software directory You may notice that there are two lan guage folders titled English One is the standard Leica de fault English and the other is US English containing special app files with the North Ameri can default settings Why use an app file Use the app files in the language folders to get the de fault configuration for your lan guage country These are the settings that you are familiar with For example to load Stakeout in Italian you should select the following files from the Italian folder e Stake203 prg e Stake203 lit e Stake203 app Loading the app file means getting the Italian default set tings which include Graphics mode set to From Station in stead of No Graphics as in the Leica default Tip To ensure proper loading of the software delete the old ap plication on the instrument be fore loading the new one This can also be done on board To get to t
53. nd the tripod from the sun a sun shade is mounted The intense light of the sun heats up instru ment and tripod and leads to small asymmetrical expansions TA The measurements outside the tunnel are done in the morning when the atmosphere is still calm This is because bright sunlight affects the atmosphere and the result is unpredictable beam curvature refraction and heat shimmer Just before the measurements are started the compensator calibration is executed The other calibration routines are done every six months or before special projects A tripod is setup at the next traverse point and a prism cen tered and leveled using a re flector carrier with an optical plummet GZR3 This allows very accurate centering of the prism over the fix point On the first setup seven points of the portal network backsight points and the first traverse point are measured The meas urements are done with the Leica on board application Sets of Angles using ATR The advantage of this applica tion is that after the first set all following sets can be measured automatically Three sets are measured and the accuracy calculated by the application With this accuracy information errors can be de tected right on site and if needed additional measure ments started The measurements are made in both faces Two face meas urement eliminates most in strument errors and is therefore indispensable for high precisi
54. ning crew relies etca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 10 on his qualified assistance He is the source for reference heights chainage and cross section information which is necessary for an exact and economical tunnel drive Simply by transferring the de sign axis and design cross section data from the TMS PROwin project data base to the TMS PROscan PLUS on board software via PCMCIA card Tom has a powerful graphical and numerical on board evaluation tool He is then able to provide the mining crew at the working face with instant profile control results Moreover using the PROscan PLUS visualisation function the visible red laser beam of the TCRA spots selected sections of under and over break con tinuously on the tunnel wall id d41 0 16538 01 i cont e e gt J gt GoTo Since we use the TCRA 1100 together with TMS PROscan PLUS have no problems with the miners am no longer the guy who is disturbing and de laying the production There are no comments such as of course you just do your job BUT The result is a good team relationship and a higher efficiency for both sides says Tom After just 15 minutes we are already leaving the hot spot near the face On the way back we ask him about his experi ence and benefits obtained by using this Leica system solution in tunnel surveying The tough TPS1100 profes sional hardware with it s out st
55. of the surveyors in the Kosovo speak English or German the firmware is being translated in order to support the local com munication process The Alba nian language will be available for TPS300 Total Stations from firmware version V3 50 on wards If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Seica Leica Geosystems AG Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com CH 9435 Heerbrugg i Switzerland The next issue of TPS News will be Phone 41 71 727 31 31 published on 24 September Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com 30 40 TPS NEWS 2001 Monthly newsletter on Leica TPS September 26 2001 Editor s Note The TPS Team has been very busy this month Early on we had a brief visit from the USA The 50 top sales representa tives spent one day in Heer brugg visiting the factory and meeting the team It was a very interesting day for us and we hope also for them Activities surrounding the ex hibit Intergeo 2001 kept us busy near the end of the month see report on page 3 Meanwhile the exciting task of getting the TPS 00auto ready for release also occupied our time Wolfgang product man ager for TPS 00 has written an article on some of the new possibilities with this instru ment This is released now but we are still Keeping busy Anna TPS 700 TPS 700auto Gone are the days when
56. on measurements even if the in strument Is calibrated At every setup temperature and pressure are recorded for the meteorological distance cor rection After finishing the measure ments at the first point the in strument is replaced by a prism and set to the next already leveled and centered traverse point This forced centering allows placing instrument and prism exactly in the same place with an accuracy of 1 10mm eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 8 A prism is mounted on the next traverse point foresight as described before The fix points in the tunnel are brass bolts mounted in concrete in a small shaft to protect them from on site traffic SAS TR eS Every tunnel fix point has four witness points These witness points are threads in the tunnel wall that a prism holder can be screwed into see the following picture Should a fix point be destroyed the witness points can be used to reconstruct the point Ang At every traverse point three sets are measured in each face to the back and foresight point and to the four witness points In curves the traverse points are not placed at the furthest possi ble distance This is to prevent the line of sight from passing close by the tunnel wall as the temperature gradient which exist at the tunnel wall would deflect the line of sight refrac tion Publishing The final adjustment of all measurements is done in the of
57. oning Processing Options Blaj x el xix lslslal 2 Utilities Help When the phone rings again it is time for us to leave We say good buy and wish Tom and his crew all the best for the coming tunnel progress For Help press F1 METERS GONS PERCENT NUM etca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 10 We will have the opportunity to meet Tom again at the Baregg Tunnel when THE special event of every tunnel construction the breakthrough occurs Thank you Tom Good luck Heiko Barthold Sales amp Marketing Manager Amberg Measuring Technique Amberg Products 3D Profiling Software AMT software includes the fol lowing products TMS PROscan On board measurement soft ware for TPS1100 series in struments for automated scan ning of cross sections and sur faces TMS PROscan PLUS As above but includes extended features for on board process ing of measurement with nu merical and graphical output TMS PROwin PC processing software for profile measurements of TMS Proscan Plus The software can also be or dered in convenient packages TMS Profile This package includes TMS PROscan and TMS PROwin Art No 667487 TMS Profile PLUS Contains TMS Proscan PLUS and TMS PROwin Art No 723087 All software can be ordered directly from AMT Markus Vogel Product Manager Tunnel Sur veying Systems Amberg Measuring Technique Ltd Trockenloost
58. out 20m Line the crosshairs up with a definable point on this surface then go to the surface and check if the laser dot is coinciding with the chosen tar get If a deviation is detected the Leica instrument allows users to make field adjustments to the collimation of this beam Refer to the above user manual reference for detailed instruc tions Common Applications Much has been said about the use of reflectorless meas urements their accuracy and in Figure 1 particular their use for collection of both internal and external corner positions this being a very common use of reflector less measurements Some sim ple concepts need to be under stood about the nature of the beam at different angels of inci dence The size of the beam footprint will increase when projected onto an object at dif ferent angles of incidence This is shown in figure 2 In diagram 2 A represents the footprint of the beam on a per pendicular surface Note that the distance from the instrument Figure 2 to the left or the right side of the beam would be the same B represents the footprint of the beam to a non perpendicular surface In this case the dis tance from the instrument to the left and the right side of the beam would be different The more acute the angle of inci dence the greater the potential difference This applies to all reflectorless instruments and it is easy to understand with this information that the
59. ow automatically turned to face changing is as easy as the press of a button Resections are made even easier as the instrument will automatically turn targets once it has the minimum information to calcu late it s position 2 points To gether with ATR to execute the fine pointing resections could not be easier The following is a list of cases where motorization is very helpful Auto positioning of the instru ment for the setout point in set ting out and reference line ap plications In the free station application the instrument will automatically turn to stations as soon as it has the minimum information required to calculate it s position 2 Auto positioning of the instru ment in the orientation routine for the second and subsequent points in multi point orientation operation known points only Initiates an ATR search for the prism if ATR is activated when setting Hz to 0 in the orienta tion routine Additional functionality The latest release of Firmware V200 400 includes many new features for both the new TPS700auto series and the current non auto TPS 00 in struments Some of these are Coding Free coding is now initiated from different locations in the system In this version point coding is located in the Meas amp Rec and in the surveying ap plication Free coding is ac cessed at any time with the FNC button It is now also pos sible to enter several free
60. r 21 P O Box 27 CH 8105 Regensdorf Watt Switzerland Tel 41 1 870 9226 direct Fax 4118700618 Mobile 41 79 605 5680 e mail mvogel amberg ch web www amberg ch Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 26 November Seica Leica Geosystems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 11 Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS November 26 2001 Editor s Note Reflectorless measurement has become increasingly popu lar over the last few years 75 of TPS1100 total stations are sold as R models i e they have reflectorless distance measurement capability New technology often opens up new methods but how do you know if you re getting the most out of the investment This month Alex Lototzky explains some of the principles of RL measurement and describes typical applications as well as some things to look out for when measuring to ensure that what you see is really what you get In hopes of expanding the scope of your work and making you more confident when using new and exciting technolo gies Anna TPS General RL EDM Measurements Introduction With the advent of EDM Electronic Distanc
61. red EDM is the best option for accurate distance measurements to _ reflector tapes Thus it is essential to select the appropriate target in order to meet the specified ac curacy of 3mm 2ppm fs Check your target set tings under FNC and 2 Reflector selection or 3 EDM program selection Ref lectore IR EDM Prog Standard listi ESFM E 34 Amm A i The target must be set to Leica Refl tape whereas the addition constant is automatically up dated to 34 4mm With these settings typical ranges from 1 5m up to 250m 800ft can be measured to a 60x60cm reflector tape under normal atmospherical condi tions Measurement with reflectorless EDM The reflectorless EDM of the TPS1100 instruments allows long range measurement to reflector tapes Therefore the appropriate EDM measurement program and target should be selected EF Check your settings under FNC and 3 EDM program selection Target TYP Ref lectorr EDM Prog i standard Longe Refl li t Leica refl taper Add const 344mm CONTA REFL The EDM program must be set to Standard Long and the tar get to Leica Refl Tape Typical ranges up to 1000m 3300ft can be measured with TPS1100 instruments with XRange option to a 60x60cm reflector tape under normal at mospherical conditions The accuracy depends on the orientation of the reflector tape in relation to the telescope line of si
62. rogram also deter mines the standard deviation of the plane and displays the dif ference from each definition point to it The defining points can be turned on off or even deleted The plane is then recalculated by pressing F1 RECALC d m 007 002 002 0 263 0 001 REGLE O 1 o DEL Issue 3 Once the standard deviation is accepted the plane can also be shifted by an offset Offsets can be input by hand or a point can be measured to offset the plane through The offset distance is then dis played Measuring Points on the Plane After the plane definition points can be measured in ref erence to the surface Without a distance measure ment With telescope movement the screen constantly updates the coordinates of the point on the plane the instrument is pointing to see picture With a distance measurement If a distance is measured to a point coordinates of the measured point are determined in the selected system The distance from the point to the plane is also calculated and displayed Configuration Like every Leica Application program Reference Plane has a Configuration Menu This is located under Shift F2 in the first Application menu eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 3 Define Local Plane The settings include MaxAd Point id X Coord im Y Coord m Z Coord im Ddim Status where the user can set the St
63. rrounding for the 16 Hydrographic Confer ence Nearly twenty lectures covered the different aspects of hydrography during the 3 day meeting e Multibeam echosounders e Current measurement and bathymetric data analysis e Telemetry and RIK data links e Control and maintenance of on offshore construction e Environmental monitoring Coastal Zone Management and shipping safety In addition several firms pre sented their up to date hydro graphic instruments and appli cations varying from echo sounders e g STN Atlas Ma rine Electronics Simrad ELAC Nautik Innomar gyrocom passes and inertial navigation systems e g IXSEA to GPS sensors Leica Geosystems was present as well with our current GPS technology and the TPS1100 Professional series total stations These exhibits attracted many attendees mainly from German Federal Agencies Bayren Boysen leica geosystems com New Driver for OmniDrive A new driver for the Omni Drive PC card reader will be available as of July 2001 Driver V1 18 will continue to work with all standard PC operating sys tems DOS WIN 3 X WIN 95 98 Win NT4 0 WIN ME WIN2000 In the future OmniDrives will no longer be delivered with 3 5 diskettes These will be re placed with CD s which will now also include the PC Card Man ager program This includes many useful tools to help you format repair and work with PC cards Instead of the old keyborad power
64. s a new member Welcome to all of you If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Seica Leica Geosystems AG Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland The next issue of TPS News will be Phone 4171 727 31 31 published on 17 December Fax 4171 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com TPS NEWS 2001 issue 12 Monthly newsletter on Leica Geosystems TPS December 17 2001 Editor s Note sometimes only small tricks or little additional knowledge of a product can make life much easier This is not only valid for your VCR but also for total sta tions digital levels etc We hope the tips and explana tions provided in our newslet ters help you get the most out of the Leica products you use For this years final edition Wolfgang product manager for TPS700 Professional Series Instruments has summarised the hardware features of the TPS700std TPS700auto total station family We hope this helps you see the big TPS 00 picture The TPS team would like to thank you for reading and con tributing to TPS News 2001 and wish you Happy Holidays and a good start for 2002 Anna TPS700std TPS700auto TPS700auto Product Intro duction The new TPS 0Oauto was in troduced with TPS News issue 9 dated 26 September 2001 In the meantime the product has been released worldwi
65. s are now indicated with graphic icons Point identification When viewing data in the data man ager the point number is now displayed next to the overall number of points in the file E g 34 145 signifies that you are viewing block 34 out of 145 blocks QCodes Quick codes are now always accessible directly on the Meas amp Rec screen All that is necessary is that the focus is on one of the options on the bottom of the screen There have been some warning and dialogue messages added in this version They include Warning if horizontal distance is negative E G prism constant is greater than the measured distance Warning if a back sight point is the same as the station point Cica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2007 Issue 9 Upload in Progress dialogue is now displayed when ATR EDM firmware is being up loaded Accessories To optimize the use of the in struments a variety of useful accessories are available Ex isting accessories for the TP700 Performance series can also be ordered and used for the new TPS700auto instruments Fast Measurement with or with out reflector Beside the conventional infrared distance measurement the TCR TCRauto instruments contain also a reflectorless EDM With it you can measure from the instrument to targets and objects previously only ac cessible with a lot of effort in stantly with precision and comfort Height difference and horizontal dis
66. s com TPS300 New Firmware version 3 00 Beginning of February the new firmware version 3 00 for TPS300 series instruments was released This new version contains a number of new fea tures which increase the value of your TPS300 considerably Target offset The Offset function allows offset points to be determined for instance when the reflector cannot be set up directly on a point or if it s not possible to aim TPS NEWS 2001 at the target point directly Lon gitudinal transversal and or elevation offsets can be defined from the reflector position to the offset point All of the displayed and re corded measurement data are calculated in relation to the off set point The values for target offset will be retained after storage if Permanent is selected as the Offset Mode The values will be set to zero with Reset after REC Procedure 1 Enter the point ID and the reflector height 2 Enter the offset values lon gitudinal transversal and or elevation 3 Define the period for which the offset is to be applied 4 lt SET gt calculates the cor rected values and jumps to the application from which the offset function was started The corrected angle and dis tances are displayed as soon as a valid distance measurement has been triggered Measurement P Offset PT Point J8 Offs Cross Offset point is higher than measurement TC700Z96 Issue 2 Laser Pointer The v
67. ss section of 150m a preliminary shotcrete support and final in situ concrete lining the Baregg construction site is a typical motorway tunnel project As usual in Europe the joint venture subcontracted the sur veying job to a specialized en gineering surveying company covering all tunnel drive related surveying services Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 10 Comprehensive survey tasks under extreme time pressure In addition to network measurements the major survey work consists of guidance of roadheaders as built surveys and set outs for different jobs in various construction stages Tunneling work is a 24 hr round the clock operation requiring flexible survey resources with professional and reliable survey equipment Tom Heiniger the Chief Surveyor of Baregg Tunnel project trusts instruments of the Leica Geosystems TPS1100 professional series Equipped with a TCRA 1101 plus Xrange extended range reflecotrless totalstation and the onboard software applications TPS1100 Survey Pack and TMS PROscan PLUS he is able to solve all tasks on site including traversing for tunnel guidance setting out of reference heights setting of tunnel axis profile measurements with instant evaluation in the field and more The ad vantage of using only one multi functional totalstation with smart on board software solutions is tremendous especially under such tight time frames and restricte
68. systems AG CH 9435 Heerbrugg Switzerland Phone 41 71 727 31 31 Fax 41 71 727 46 73 www leica geosystems com 30 40 TPS NEWS 2001 Monthly newsletter on Leica TPS April 30 2001 Editor s Note In the last few years distance measurement to reflector tapes has become a common sur veying practice All Leica TPS instruments support measure ment to tapes and there are a number of tape sizes and colors available in the market today Leica alone sells three different sizes of self adhesive Retro Targets ranging in size from 20x20mm_ for measurements from 2 40m to 60x60mm for the 60 180m range Alexandra has written an in teresting article on reflector tape measurement with the TPS1100 series instruments These func tions are very similar on the TPS700 and TPS300 families of instruments just the location of the mentioned dialogs is differ ent As always we hope this in formation will help you to better understand and use our instru ments Anna Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com TPS1100 Distance measurements to reflector tapes TPS1100 instruments can measure to reflector tapes with the integrated standard infrared EDM or with the long range distance measurement option available on TCR TCRM and TCRA instruments The meas urement settings and some tips and hints for distance meas urements to reflector tapes are the subject of this column Measurement with infrared EDM The infra
69. t s mechanical vertical axis The V index error is a constant error that affects all vertical an gle readings Same as the line of sight error and the titling axis error this effect can easily be eliminated by precisely deter mining the vertical index error with the instrument s onboard calibration function or with two face measurements ATR Calibration The ATR collimation error is the angular divergence between the line of sight and the camera axis The ATR calibration rou tine allows to determine the alignment of the center of the ATR camera with the optical line of sight This is especially important in order to receive similar results when mixing ATR measurements with manual measurements to prisms The calibration of the ATR needs some extra care Even under good atmospheric condi tions there will be a little air shimmer that makes the picture of the prism wander around the telescope s field of view and consequently also on the ATR camera To filter out these at mospheric effects follow the procedure below Start the onboard ATR cali bration and follow the instruc tions on the display After you have aimed to the prism in both faces the first time the following dialog shows up on TPS1100 instruments CAL ATA Accuracy No of Meas GATA HE gATA V gi W Ind ec Hz col Take more measurements Choose MORE F4 to take more measurements Repeat the procedure two to three times The v
70. tances as well as coordinates are calculated di rectly from the measured dis tance Naturally the new TPS700auto instruments still have the well proven features such as e Laser Plummet e Standard camcorder bat teries e Completely flexible data format e Easy to use standard appli cation programs e Memory for 8000 measurements over e Trigger key on the side cover Publishing If you have an article you would like published in TPS News 2001 which may be of interest to other readers please contact Anna McKenzie at Anna McKenzie leica geosystems com The next issue of TPS News will be published on 29 October e Friction clamp e Light and handy 5 6kg with tribrach GD111 and battery GEB111 With the TPS700 and especially with the new TPS700auto Per formance series you get an ideal surveying instrument to do the all days work faster and more relaxed Wolfgang News and Events Intergeo 2001 in Cologne Leica Geosystems was one of many exhibitors at this years Intergeo The Intergeo is Europe s largest surveying ex hibition and is held yearly at a different location in Germany This year s host was Cologne a culturally and historically inter esting city The Intergeo has grown from a German exhibition to an international one per sonally spoke with visitors from 11 nations Leica Geosystems shared our unique stand with a number of partners and affiliates above all ESRI and AED
71. this program Alexandra Zdravkovic leica geosystems com Publishing News and Events Leica Geosystems in the Balkans Leica Geosystems AG was recently awarded a contract by the SDC Swiss Agency for Cooperation and Development to supply 25 TPS300 instru ments 7 GPS500 Systems and 21 Liscad software packages to be delivered to the Kosovo These units will be used in the Kosovo Cadastre Support Program for the reconstruction and development of the cadas tral register which was for the most part destroyed during the war The objective of this pro gram is a well functioning real property and land market sup porting democratic and sustain able development and eco nomic growth in the Kosovo Product specialists from Heerbrugg had the opportunity to train the local surveyors on the Leica equipment The con tract and the introductory course were a major success for Leica Geosystems AG and will help to intensify our pres ence in the Balkan region PC cards TPS1100 instruments sup port PCMCIA SRAM cards and PCMCIA ATA flash cards Flash cards with a capacity of 4 to 32MB are supported When using flash cards it is very important to insert the card correctly into the housing The PC Card is inserted correctly if the red TPS arrow symbol is visible and if the PC card con nector faces upwards when closing the PC card housing A helpful sticker see above showing the way to insert the PC card will
72. tion should be at least 20 minutes or 2 minutes per 1 C of temperature differ ence Make sure that the in strument is not exposed to di rect sunshine because this may cause heating of the instrument from one side and therefore influence the accuracy of your measurements Use an um brella if necessary Automatic correction After calibrating your instru ment the instrument errors are determined and the software continuously applies the correc tions to your measurements Remember that this is different from the mechanical adjustment of instrument errors as it was done with mechanical theodo lites If you tilt the telescope up and down you will notice that although the horizontal position is fixed the horizontal angle reading changes by small amounts as well What you see is not a wrong behavior of your instrument but the automatic error compensation working The Theory Instrument er rors Before we can discuss the Instrument errors we have to familiarize ourselves with the various instrument axes Instrument axes The three axes of a total station are the Vertical axis V the Tilting axis T and the Line of sight L eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 7 Assuming we lived in a perfect world we could consider the following conditions to be al ways true e Lis perpendicular to T e T is perpendicular to S As we live in the real world un fortunately none of these condi tions can be fulfill
73. use it is not an instrument error but a setup error Nevertheless it is very important and shall be men tioned here If the instrument is not leveled properly the vertical axis of the instrument does not coincide with the plumb line This affects both the horizontal and the vertical angle readings A standing axis error can not be eliminated by two face measurements Therefore special care should be taken when leveling the instrument However if switched on the electronic compensator will measure small tilts of the in strument and apply the accord ing corrections for horizontal and vertical angles Compensator index error The principle of the elec tronic compensator is quite similar to that of a bulls eye bubble It mainly consists of a small container filled with a special fluid Due to gravity the surface of this fluid is always horizontal Sensors are used to determine the longitudinal and lateral tilt of the instrument Vertical axis In order to determine correct tilt values these sensors need to be adjusted from time to time with the onboard calibration function eca Geosystems TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 7 If the compensator index values are wrongly determined tilt readings are wrong This affects the measurements in a similar way as a standing axis error Vertical index error A vertical index error i exists if the 0 180 line of the vertical circle does not coincide with the instrumen
74. you had to spend a lot of time aim ing at the target to be meas ured Today TPS 00 instru ments perform this task with automatic target recognition Leica Geosystems is pleased to announce the new TPS700auto total stations These are the new members of the TPS700 Performance Se ries The TPS 00auto now comes with automatic target recognition ATR Leica Geo systems continues to offer our customers a great Perform ance class instrument at a low price Overview of TPS700 Performance Series Angular measurements Infrared distance measurements IR Angular measurements TCR705 TCR703 TCR702 Infrared distance measurements IR Reflectorless distance measurement RL Angular measurements TC 705aut TC703auto TC 02aut Infrared distance measurement IR j Automatic target recognition ATR Motorized survey Angular measurements TCR705a TCR703autiTCR702a Infrared distance measurement IR uig uio Reflectorless distance measurement RL Automatic target recognition ATR Motorized survey Seica Geosystems TPS NEWS 2007 Issue 9 ATR and motorization ATR Automatic Target Recog nition enables the instrument to automatically and accurately find and point to a non active target To achieve this full mo torization has been added to the instrument Full motorization also means that many other normally tedi ous repetitive tasks are auto mated for you Set out points are n

TPS NEWS 2001 Issue 1 - USA Track and Field

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