Home

Chapter B: user manual

1. cc cccecccceeccceececeeeeseeeeeseeeeseeeeseueesseeesseeeesaeeees 76 definition of an external phreatic lING cc cecccceeecceseeeeceeeeeeeeeeecseeeesseaeeesaeeeeeaaaees 77 definition of hydraulic conditions data along polygonal failure surfaces 78 definition of hydraulic pressures along polygonal failure Surfaces 0000 78 definition of a triangular pore pressures Mesh cccceccceeeceeeeceeteeeeeeeseeesaeeeees 79 definition of the pore pressures mesh points and triangles c ccceeseeeeeeeeees 80 example of the graphical display for a hydraulic Mesh cccceceecsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 81 choice of the Plaxis file for pore pressures iMportatiOn cccceeeeesseeeseeeeeeeeees 81 choice of the calculation step for pore pressures importation cccccesseeeeeeees 82 definition of ru coefficients for soil layers ce ecceceeececeeeeeeceeeeeceeeeseeeeeesaeeeeeaaaees 83 ru coefficients for soil layers ecccseeccceececeeeeeceeeeneeeeceeesseeeeseueeseaeeseaeesseeeeseeseeees 84 dialogue box for stage Comments ccccseececseeeecceeeeeeeeeeeceaeeeseueeessaeeeesaeeeesaaeees 85 example of a stage removal ccccccccececceseeceececeeeeceescecsusecsuceceeeensesessueeseueessaess 86 dalen ae Feen E E 87 definition of several situations for a same stage cceecccececeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeens 88 Condones do GS DOK E laces ETE te nee
2. cccecceeeeeeceeseeeeneeneetensaneeteneaaeees 37 Figure 34 graphical display of a distributed load cecccceeececceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeesseeeeesaaeeeeseeeessaes 38 Figure 35 graphical display of a linear load ANd MOMENM ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeaeeeeseaes 38 Figure 36 properties of a distributed OA cccceecccceseeeeceeeecceeeecceeeceeseusecsaeeessesesseeeessags 39 Figure 37 loads dialogue box Tab 1 distributed loads cc cececceeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeaeeeeeeaes 40 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 3 T TERRASOL Figure 38 Figure 39 Figure 40 Figure 41 Figure 42 Figure 43 Figure 44 Figure 45 Figure 46 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails with calculation mode Tean Cea Figure 47 Figure 48 Figure 49 Figure 50 Figure 51 Figure 52 Figure 53 Figure 54 Figure 55 Figure 56 Figure 57 Figure 58 Figure 59 Figure 60 Figure 61 Figure 62 Figure 63 Figure 64 Figure 65 Figure 66 Figure 67 Figure 68 Figure 69 Figure 70 Figure 71 Figure 72 Figure 73 Figure 74 Figure 75 Figure 76 loads dialogue box Tab 2 linear loads moments graphical display of reinfOrceMents ccccececseeeceeeeeseeeeseeeeeseeeeneeeeneeeens properes OF A tasncaric nos auettncountie ncaunnseentemiteatervestiendiahendwintaneeeussincimenmmenudes reinforcements dialogue box tab 1 nails reinforcements dialogue box tab 1 nail
3. The data displayed in this dialogue box are the following e Points tab o Numbers of the points those are automatically attributed and cannot be edited o Xand Y coordinates in m of all geometry points e Segments tab o Number of the segments they are automatically attributed and cannot be edited o Extremities point 1 and point 2 of each segment of the geometry each extremity is defined by the number of a point as defined in the first tab e Slope boundary tab o Automatic slope boundary this checkbox is activated by default for a new file and deactivated by default when loading former tal files If activated the slope boundary will be automatically calculated In the other case it is necessary to define manually in the table the list of segments defining the slope boundary IMPORTANT it is compulsory to activate the automatic slope boundary checkbox if the project includes several construction stages with activation deactivation of soil clusters and therefore possibly changes of the slope boundary from one stage to the other if many stages are defined when the boundary is not automatic the boundary will not be changed from one stage to the other and the slope boundary corresponding to the initial geometry will be taken into account in the calculations for all stages which can lead to errors o Numbers of the segments of the slope boundary those are automatically attributed and cannot be edited
4. Copy table Sa Oe 0 0 23 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 De uA OK Help Figure 28 table copy options 3 5 3 5 Copy graphics to clipboard Any graphic displayed on the screen can be copied to the clipboard as a picture with the Export menu of the active dialogue box In the example of Figure 29 only the first menu option concerns graphics The two other options concern tables Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 29 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual Anisotropy curve x Export Copy image Copy as an image 400 Copy table 25 0 es 0 300 oN O e Ww ond p ma kal bal E D a0 0 370 0 200 100 Figure 29 graphics copy options 3 5 4 Help An online help is available Help menu Help buttons are also available in most dialogue boxes 3 5 5 About This standard option enables to display an information screen version of Talren 4 username from the hardlock Terrasol coordinates etc Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 30 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual 4 PROJECT DATA MODE 4 1 Principles All elements necessary for the definition of the different construction stages of a project should be defined in the Project data mode geometrical lines delimiting the layers soil profile excavation or embankment levels all soil layer properties that will be used loads and reinforcements These elements wi
5. Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 36 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual o List of the segments constituting the slope boundary this list cannot be edited if the Automatic slope boundary checkbox is activated For all 3 tabs Add Delete and Delete all buttons enable either to add a new point or segment or to delete the selected table line point segment or segment of the slope boundary or to delete all elements defined in the active tab Be careful if Delete all is clicked in the Point tab for example all points will be deleted but all segments and slope boundary segments will be deleted too On the Points and Segments tab the mention possible selection on drawing means that if you click on the graphical view while the Points tab is visible for example a new point corresponding to the mouse position will be added in the points list the behaviour is the same for segments IMPORTANT e The projet should always be defined with the uphill on the left of the model the failure must happen from the left to the right section 3 3 1 2 from Xmin tO Xmax e If you defined your model in the wrong direction you can reverse it automatically with menu Options item Reverse model section 3 3 1 2 e The order of the points of a segment left and right is not important e For vertical lines Talren 4 allows for the definition of true vertical segments The calculation follows the direct
6. 0 ccccccceeseceneeeeneeenseceneeensecesecenseeanesenseceneseneeoes 69 Sle OG a screen tsa se iis erated ash rae aeaten eur van E E EE E E E E E 69 ede TAI COI OS ra onda tropeuearithon EE E E E E E A 69 92 AGANG A NOW SAGO etinin nia E EEE EEDEN E EEEN EDENES 70 5 1 3 Inserting GB NEW SIAC asctioidssivinssadesnisianontiviadswarsrnidadampiavaatniadaa adsleuseteedivdandaniortusintoreades 71 5 1 4 Definition or modification of the stage properties ccccccssececcseeeeeesneseessasenessaeeessens 72 Rir PICIOUIO AS e e E E A E EE EEA 85 5 2 SITUATIONS I E CONDITIONS cesceccceeeeceeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeessaeeeseeeeeeeessaeaeeeeeeeeeaas 87 SAN EE I CUO S EEEE E EEE en aera cae Sadler EAEE E E E 88 5 2 2 Adding a new set OF CONGINONS ocesceecacetncaizineradalanentensaseydalousieentonseiaepsocer lt achoreieesiadeede 88 9 43 Du plheatung a setl OF CONGHIONS asserens iea r TESE E ai 88 5 2 4 Copy paste a situation soscsccvesesccdnsdennesinesbenetesebascnhesfncnbveeesssdveshnesdeeetseesdueeeaneteesbeeeebieeeds 89 5 2 5 Definition or modification of the conditions settings ccccsescccsseeessnseeeesaeeeessanenesenes 89 5 2 6 Removing a situation cccccccsesecccnaeseccnsuscensausecenausesenseuseessauseensuuesensauseessanaesensanssensans 96 5 3 CALCULATION AND RESULTS DISPLAY ccccccccsssssecceceeeeaeeeseeceeeeeeseeeeeeceeeeeseeesseeeeeeesseaaaeeeeeeeensaaas 97 Pa ACU AON a EE EEE Pacatiaee
7. pop up menu right click in the graphical view All points and segments can be selected with the mouse left click on an element Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 34 TALREN 4 A TERIA B User manual 4 3 1 3 Moving points or segments After selection of a point or segment it is possible to move it with the mouse by drag amp drop left click and move the mouse to another position When a point of the geometry is moved the segments that are connected to this point are changed accordingly Depending on the move additional points can be generated if necessary movement of a point leading to the intersection of 2 segments for example Refer also to section 4 3 1 5 4 3 1 4 Deleting points or segments After selection of one or several elements it is possible to delete them pressing the Del key or clicking on the right mouse button and selecting Delete in the pop up menu 4 3 1 5 Display and modification of the properties of a point or segment It is possible to display the properties of an element either by double clicking on it or after having selected it one at a time for this operation by right clicking and selecting Edit in the pop up menu The relevant dialogue box is then displayed coordinates for a geometrical point extreme points for a segment It is possible to change the properties of the element and to validate them The graphical display is updated if necessary A ti
8. 25 45 43 46 47 15 31549 855 0 667 0 663 1 451 25 45 43 46 46 15 0 716 4 737 19834 887 0 716 0 660 0 674 0 719 0 634 0 642 V Display all resutts Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 El gj E fa OK Help Legend for F values Figure 113 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces Bishop calculation method Ix Page 102 F TERRASOL TAE W a B User manual x Export orm Radiustm LAMBDA MuU 50 07 60 28 7433 3 913 0912 008 1 987 26 68 2658 1 041 0891 0074 3 987 2668 2858 1504 1 181 0044 1 987 26 68 26 08 14197 0997 0074 3 987 2668 2558 1105 08972 0087 3 ji 967 2668 2408 26323 0992 0091 3 37r 30 68 31 99 1 037 0 983 0 06g J 13 77 30 88 3249 1 975 1147 0025 1 13 77 30 88 32 99 1 923 1156 0 024 1 13 77 3088 31 49 1 205 0 988 0068 3 13 77 3088 30 99 1118 0 964 0083 3 13 77 30 88 3049 1 351 0 964 0084 3 13 77 3088 2999 1 807 0 967 0084 3 13 77 30 88 2949 3091 0981 0088 3 17 66 35 07 37 49 1038 0978 0063 3 1766 3507 3599 1 393 0 959 0086 3 amer ar ag ar oan mom Pe ae Display all results OK Help Legend for F values Figure 114 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces perturbations calcul
9. Figure 78 adding a point to an existing groundwater level e It is possible to define a water table base by activating the corresponding checkbox Figure 79 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 75 a TALREN 4 Tr tana B User manual Defining hydraulic conditions x Hydraulic conditions Ameena ENE Phreatic line Define phreatic level Define a water table base Ie Definition of the water table base Define base of water table Define an external phreatic line M External phreatic line Define external phreatic line ru for layers D OK cancel Help Figure 79 activation of a water table base and an external phreatic line lf water table base is defined the groundwater is supposed to extend to infinity downwards If the checkbox is activated the button Define base of water table is displayed Click it A new dialogue box opens Figure 80 and enables to type in the points defining the water table base This window behaves in the same way as the dialogue box for the groundweter level definition previous section x 100 00 5 90 2 100 00 5 90 Delete Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing OK cancel Help Figure 80 definition of the water table base Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 76 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual The data requested in this dialogue box are the following o Numbers of the points those ar
10. Pr hiy Computer k mS My Metvrork File name F Program FilesiTALREN 4 Examples Figure 27 changing the working directory 3 5 2 Printing It is managed by the Windows version of each computer Printer settings can be changed before printing choice of the printer and printer settings available when validating printing choices Refer to section 6 5 3 5 3 Copy Paste and copy to clipboard The usual Copy Paste Windows functionality is available in many forms depending on the element to which it applies Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 28 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual 3 5 3 1 Copy paste texts and values The texts and values typed in the cells individual or table cells can be copied and pasted into another cell with usual keyboard shortcuts Ctrl Ins or Ctrl C to Copy then Shift Ins or Ctrl V to paste Note in the tables it s possible to copy only the content of each cell individually It s not possible to copy a line or column or the whole table 3 5 3 2 Copy Paste soil characteristics loads and reinforcements There are many ways in Talren 4 to copy paste these elements e For loads and reinforcements only select an element with the mouse copy it with the Edit Copy menu item or with the shortcut Ctrl C paste it with the Edition Paste menu item or with the shortcut Ctrl V The new element is slightly moved compared to the original element
11. graphs and tables The various options are detailed in the following sub sections Situations for which calculations have been performed i e results are available are displayed in bold characters in the stages explorer On the other hand if the calculations have not yet been performed or have failed the output icons and menu options are disabled 5 3 2 Default output display After calculation the default ouput types displayed on the graphical view are Figure 107 e The value of the minimum safety factor red font at the bottom of the graphical view e The values of the safety factor obtained for each failure surface o Inthe case of circular failure surfaces the minimum safety factor obtained for each centre is displayed close to each centre if there are radius increments the program calculates the minimum safety factor obtained for all circles with the same centre and displays only this minimum next to each centre o In the case of polygonal failure surfaces the safety factor calculated for the failure surface defined in the situation is displayed next to this failure surface o Inthe case of logarithmic spirals the minimum safety factor obtained for each Spiral is displayed next to its pole e The critical failure surface painted in red on the drawing The zoom level is optimised automatically after calculation to display the critical failure surface centre pole etc TALREN 4 1 17e C Program Files T
12. Detailed output circular failure surfaces xj Export 9 51 299 5 298 15 635212 51 4689 4537 4 537 3 48 396 5 395 01 833276 01 4 481 4 357 4 395 29 47 590 5 589 23 1140333 7 4 162 4 078 4 230 55 46 784 5 784 46 1507765 4 4 015 3 949 4 111 68 45 881 5 882 16 1691479 1 3 968 3 909 4 082 _ 12 22 25 33 26 33 25905 229 0 621 0 617 1 069 16 43 29 21 31 78 30484 667 0 597 0 594 1 070 20 63 33 1 37 31 _ 35063 969 0 582 0 579 1 077 2484 36 98 42 9 39643 472 0 572 0 569 1 082 __ 29 04 40 86 48 51 44222 342 0 565 0 563 1 089 33 25 44 75 54 15 48802 248 0 560 0 558 1 095 37 45 48 63 59 8 53381 654 0 556 0 554 1 101 41 66 52 51 65 47 _ 57960 711 0 553 0 551 1 106 45 86 56 39 71 15 62539 779 0 551 0 549 1 110 987 26 68 26 58 30370 37 0 702 0 693 1 037 13 77 30 88 31 99 35805 993 0 672 0665 1 031 17 66 35 07 37 49 41242 506 0 654 0 648 1 031 21 56 39 27 43 05 46678 258 0 642 0636 1 033 29 34 47 66 54 27 _ 57550 366 0627 0621 1 038 33 24 51 85 59 91 62986 462 0 623 0 617 1 042 3713 56 05 65 57 68422 249 0618 0613 1 045 41 03 60 24 71 24 73858 501 0 615 0 610 1 048 44 92 64 44 76 91 79293 745 0 612 0 608 1 050 7 64 27 76 26 86 34197 499 0 793 0 779 1 051 14 25 32
13. Figure 13 Stages calculations toolbar The buttons hereabove correspond respectively to the following functions e Shifting to Project data mode e Definition of the hydraulic conditions dialogue box e Properties of the selected situation dialogue box e Calculation of the selected situation e Calculation of all situations of the selected stage e Calculation of all situations of all stages e Settings for the graphical output display dialogue box available if results are available for the selected situation e Detailed output for failure surfaces dialogue box available if results are available for the selected situation e Detailed ouput for reinforcements dialogue box available if results are available for the selected situation e Detailed output for slices dialogue box available if results are available for the selected situation Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 19 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual 3 2 5 Explorer for stages and conditions In the Stages calculations mode an explorer is displayed in the right part of the screen Figure 14 It enables to change from a stage or situation to another and also to insert add delete or rename stages and situations either with the Stages and conditions menu or with the pop up menu that appears when right clicking on a stage or situation Situation 1 Situation 2 Stage 2 _ Situation 1 4 Stage 3
14. Situation 1 Situation 2 4 Final stage 4 Clouterre fond Clouterre acc 2 Traditionnal 3 Figure 14 explorer for stages and conditions 3 3 Graphical view and rulers The graphical view includes different objects e A horizontal ruler placed at the top of the graphical window Its settings scale origin graduation step etc are determined automatically as a function of the project width or of the current zoom level ad 45 46 47 45 45 aU 5 aye a a4 BS DE M A E E A A OT OTOTIIN nO NNT e The same type of ruler with the same characteristics but vertical on the left of the graphical window e Vertical and horizontal scrollbars depending on the zoom level e The graphical view itself for the drawing of the cross section At the bottom of this part a white bar is displayed with the name of the company owning the program information included in the hardlock the user mode local network or demo the title of the project and the drawing scale e Apop up menu accessible by a right mouse click Section 3 2 2 3 3 1 Conventions about the graphical drawing 3 3 1 1 Scale It is automatically defined as a function of the zoom level or it can be decided by the user section 3 3 2 7 In all cases the scale in x and y directions is the same 3 3 1 2 Directions IMPORTANT the cross section must always be defined with the uphill on the left example on Figure 15b because the calculation is correct onl
15. Strut 2 Strut 3 x o oo m Strut 4 3 00 m Strut 5 Horizontal spacing 2 60 m Anglefhorizoantal lo Width of difusion base 2 00 mi Difusion angle 20 0 TR 500 0 kh Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 54 reinforcements dialogue box tab 4 struts The data displayed for each strut are the following TALREN 4 B User manual e Name by default Talren 4 names these reinforcements Strut i These names can be changed 10 characters maximum e xX and Y m coordinates of strut head e Horizontal spacing m e Angle horizontal default value is zero horizontal struts as illustrated on Figure 39 it is positive in trigonometrical direction e Diffusion width m and diffusion angle refer to comments given for nails Section 4 5 3 1 e TR ultimate intrinsic compression strength force It is usually calculated as the strut section multiplied by the yield stress 4 6 Soil characteristics The definition of soil properties is only possible through a dialogue box accessible either with the Project data menu Soil characteristics option or by the E button of the toolbar This dialogue box enables to view and edit soil properties The left list enables to view the project layers When cliking on a soil layer in the list its properties are displayed Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Pa
16. TALREN 4 Manual A Tana B User manual TALREN 4 V 1 x B User Manual 1 INTRODUCTION cicirenna aii T 2 GENERAL PREVIEW een ee 8 2 1 MAIN FEATURES OF TALREN 4 ccccccccceseseeeceeeeeeeeeeeseeceeeeeesueeseeeceeeeesseaeaeeeeeeeeeseaeeeeeeeeessaaas 8 2 1 1 The interactive graphical interface cccccsccccccsesccccsusccnsesescnseuececsasesesscuesensanesessansesens 8 2 1 2 Handling the staged construction cccccssecccccsssneeeeesssuseeeeseauesseeessaaeaseesssaeseeesssaaneneeseas 8 2 1 3 The automatic search fOr circular surfaces 11cccccseecccsneeeessaneeeeeansseeesanenessaaeseessaanness 9 2 1 4 Yield design calculation logarithmic SPITAIS cccccccseeceeeeeeseeseeeneneeeeeesaaeeeeeessaaaaaes 13 2 1 5 Compatibility with previous versions of TALREN and with PLAXIS 0 ccccsseeeee 13 2 2 GENERAL STEPS WHEN CREATING A NEW PROJECT WITH TALREN 4 ccccccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeees 13 3 THE VARIOUS OPTIONS TO USE THE INTERFACE 0 cecseesesecenseceneeenseeeneeens 15 3 1 THE DIFFERENT ZONES ON THE SCREEN 6s cpcnececreciotacdanectenccedozecincneaccecceuetack Acueetaut cesta temeebanteeeacence 15 3 2 MENUS TOOLBARS AND STAGES EXPLORER sscccccccccsessseceeeeeceeeeesseeeeeeeseaaseeeeeeesssaaagseeseeeeeseaas 16 22l MaN MENU recsasic asses Seacaeedncece ee seaiee aediec bee e ni ara a ia Erienn 16 Si TOP UD MONU resmine re pe r e E E E E 18 Jad MaN TOODA ereire ee e seat R
17. The Delete and Delete all buttons enable to delete one or all comments After validation of the dialogue box the general comments appear with a black font on the graphical view You can move them drag amp drop with the mouse click with the left button on the comment you want to move move the mouse and stop pressing th left button It is also possible to Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 24 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual delete a comment directly from the graphical view select it with the mouse then click on the Del button on the keyboard Comments specific to each stage and or each situation can also be defined in the same way menu Stages and conditions item Comments for selected phase and Comments for select set of conditions The 3 types of comments general stages and conditions are displayed with different colours 3 3 2 7 Zoom Five zoom options are available e Zoom in and Zoom out these two options are associated They are available from the View menu but also from two buttons of the general toolbar e zoom in and e zoom out They enable to change the zoom level Horizontal and vertical scrollbars enable to move the model when only part of it is displayed depending on the zoom level e Define scale this option is available only in the View menu It opens a dialogue box Figure 21 that enables to define a given scale the default value i
18. Xmin Xmax and Ymax initialised from the dimensions of the Plaxis model e The project geometry all points and segments association of soil clusters with soil properties as defined in the Input module of Plaxis section 7 1 2 1 e Some soil properties section 7 1 2 2 e Loads as defined in the Input module of Plaxis section 7 1 2 3 e Groundwater conditions from the Plaxis initial conditions The staged construction defined in Plaxis is not imported section 7 1 2 4 The imported data should be completed for instance the file number the project title and the situation properties are missing before being able to perform a calculation Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 115 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual After the importation of a Plaxis data file Talren 4 displays the following warning xl Structure elements beans anchors interfaces tunnels prescribed displacements and stages definition have intentionally not been imported Were imported geometry as defined in the Plaxis w8 Input program soil characteristics that are shared between Plaxis and Talren distributed and linear loads as defined in the Plaxis v8 Input program Cwvithouk taking into account load multipliers Mload4 et MloadB or staged construction definition Please check imported data Figure 126 warning displayed when reading a Plaxis v8 file it is strongly recommended that Plaxis v8 users read the
19. a new point corresponding to the mouse position will be added to the points list the Ang column should be filled in for these new points Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 74 TALREN 4 Tr a B User manual The groundwater level is displayed with a thin blue line and classic symbols blue triangles Figure 77 External water level Groundwater level Figure 77 graphical display for phreatic line The data displayed in the groundwater dialogue box are the following o Number of the points those are attributed automatically and cannot be edited o Xand Y coordinates in m of all points describing the groundwater level o Ang angle between the equipotential line i e all the points have a constat head on a line passing through the X Y point and the vertical line the angle is positive when contrary to trigonometrical direction IMPORTANT o The groundwater level should always be defined from Xmin tO Xmax o The points of the groundwater level are automatically ordered by increasing X values when validating the dialogue box if you define a zigzag for the groundwater level by typing or drawing it will automatically be straightened when validating the dialogue box In the same way if you add a point to an existing groundwater level this point will first seem to be connected to the last point previously defined but will be ordered after validation of the dialogue box Figure 78
20. because these values are not defined in the Clouterre recommendations The other sets of partial safety factors are not complete either the values defined in the various standards and recommendations alone are provided To be able to validate the dialogue box it is necessary to complete each set Once completed the sets can be transferred again to the global database after changing their name in order to share them with other projects Before returning to the project general settings it is necessary to click in the left list on the set that that should be selected as the default set for the project then close the dialogue box with OK With the option Partial safety factors from the menu Options this option directly activates the wizard and allows the same operations as described previously viewing partial safety factors and if necessary adding new sets in Data mode From the dialogue box for conditions properties section 5 2 5 It is possible to select the set of partial safety factors that will be used for the calculation of the current situation if different from the project default safety factors among the list in the local database As above a button makes it possible for the user to activate the wizard he can then view the predefined sets but can not add new sets it is only possible in the Project data mode Before returning to the current conditions properties select a set in the left list this set wil
21. e The u value that is imported from Plaxis v8 for each node is the value of the active pore pressure Pactive with change of sign to make this data compatible with a Talren calculation at the end of the selected calculation step In Plaxis v8 the active pore pressure corresponds to the total pore pressure permanent pore pressure possible excess pore pressure e The imported triangles are the same as the triangles of the Plaxis mesh same number The imported nodes are the extreme nodes of the triangles 3 nodes per triangle e tis not possible to import pore pressures of Plaxis calculation step O file 000 i e from the Plaxis initial conditions pore pressures If you select this file the importation will not work properly Note there is no limit for the number of points and triangles that you can define or import However the more nodes and triangles you define or import the longer the display and calculation times will be IMPORTANT external phreatic line example of Figure 86 If the groundwater level is at least partially out of the slope it is compulsory to activate the option Define an external phreatic line Figure 79 If this option is activated the button Define the external phreatic line is displayed Click it A new dialogue box opens Figure 81 and enables to type in the points defining the external phreatic line Refer to the previous section for more information about this dialogue box In additio
22. i examp Oe tal exampese tal a exampl1e tal My Computer zal exampl 2e tal hly MHetwork File name Open Files of type TALREM 97 datafile tal Figure 121 open dialogue box Some specific aspects about loading tal files and plx files are underlined in the following sections However TALREN 4 only allows to save one file type it is the prj format 7 1 1 Loading tal files saved with Talren 97 Talren 4 enables to open load data files created with previous versions of Talren 97 but not with the DOS versions older than Talren 97 Except for a couple of exceptions for instance refer to sections 7 1 1 2 and 7 1 1 3 it is possible to load a Talren 97 file to switch to the Stages Calculation mode to perform the calculation for the single situation the result provided by Talren 4 will be identical to the one provided previously by Talren 97 However some new options in Talren 4 lead to default choices when loading tal files saved with Talren 97 It is therefore strongly recommended for Talren 97 users to read the following sub sections in order to know and use the possibilities of the Talren 4 software when reading Talren 97 files One can also refer to chapter D of the manual tutorial 2 describes in a detailed manner how to work with tal files IMPORTANT The tal files opened with Talren 4 menu File Open selection of the file extension tal can only be saved in the prj f
23. in the Geometry dialogue box as indicated in the figure hereunder when first opening tal files IMPORTANT it is even compulsory to activate the automatic slope boundary mode in the case where the user wishes to define additional construction stages for his project with activation deactivation of soil clusters and therefore potentially change of the slope boundary if several stages are defined and the boundary is not automatic the boundary will not automatically change with each stage and the same initial slope boundary will be taken into account for all calculated phases and situations which can lead to errors Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 111 TALREN 4 i TERATE B User manual Define points l x Delete Delete all OK Cancel Help Figure 123 definition of the slope boundary Generally when reading a tal file no particular problem is raised about the geometry except if the tal file contains vertical limits without corresponding segments take for example the simple case of 2 adjacent horizontal segments one with soil layer 1 below and the other with soil layer 2 below without the vertical limit between both soil layers being defined with a geometrical segment this was possible in Talren 97 Figure 124 Reading this kind of file will raise a problem in Talren 4 which needs closed soil clusters to be able to associate them with different soil layers in the previo
24. other situations and other stages For example the calculation result for situation m of stage n does not depend on the results of stage n 1 neither on the results of situation m 1 neither on any other result One should therefore run as many calculations for a project file as existing situations for all stages of the project file On the other hand at least one stage and one situation should be defined in order to run a calculation 5 1 Stages The construction stages enable to define within a single project file the various construction stages of a project for which stability should be checked A construction stage corresponds to a cross section of the project that should be analysed The changes from one stage to another correspond to a real physical evolution on the construction site The stages are numbered and the numbers define the succession of the stages Each stage is defined incrementally compared to the previous stage or compared to the initial state of the project for the first stage In other words you only have to define for stage n what was modified compared to stage n 1 groundlevel change activation of reinforcements or loadss hydraulic conditions etc Most possible actions for stages definition are accessible with the pop up menu right click on the stage label 5 1 1 Principles After completing the definition of the project data data mode you switch to the stages calculation mode and the first stage is aut
25. so that you can see both elements In the list of loads or reinforcements the new element appears in last position e For loads and reinforcements only same operation as hereabove but the copy operation can be reached by the pop up menu right click with the mouse on the Ee element or with the button of the main toolbar e For soil characteristic sets loads and reinforcements in the corresponding dialogue boxes the Duplicate button enables to copy paste an element with one single click In the list on the left of the dialogue box the new duplicated element appears in last position Moreover here again for loads and reinforcements the new element is slightly moved compared to the original element 3 5 3 3 Copy graphical view to clipboard The Ed button of the main toolbar enables at any time to copy the graphical view to the clipboard same zoom level same display parameters etc as on the screen The screenshot includes the horizontal and vertical rulers 3 5 3 4 Copy tables to clipboard Any table can be copied to the clipboard with the Export menu of the active dialogue box Figure 28 e Either as a table of values e Oras a picture Be careful in this case only the visible part of the table is copied in the case of large tables with the horizontal scrollbar a part of the table will be missing on the picture Table of soil characteristics Export Copy as an image
26. xt 5 90 160 OK Annuler Figure 31 properties dialogue box for a point or segment 4 3 1 6 Slope boundary The slope boundary is by default automatically identified as soon as geometrical lines allow to identify a continuous polyline from Xmin tO Xmax IMPORTANT f no segment of the geometry reaches Xmin Or Xmax the boundary cannot be recognised and the project cannot be calculated The slope boundary is calculated by default to be the groundlevel lt is represented with a bold line on the drawing Refer also to section 4 3 2 4 3 2 Geometry dialogue box This dialogue box Figure 32 is accessible through the Project data menu option Geometry Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 35 Fa TERRASOL TASAENS A B User manual ss Segments Slope boundary 13 30 00 4 50 Add Add Delete Delete Delete Delete all Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing Note possible selection on drawing _ Delete all OK Cancel Help OK Cancel Help OK Cancel Help Figure 32 geometry dialogue box 3 tabs This dialogue box contains 3 tabs Points Segments and Slope boundary It enables to view and edit the geometrical data However it is not compulsory to go through this dialogue box especially if the user chose to define the geometry with the mouse section 4 3 1
27. Lookin C Notice utiisateurs y 2pm Fe Aide O Doe officielle ao t 2004 My Recent D 6 O Doc provisoire ok traduction ang O Tutorial Desktop f My Documents pE My Computer on CMe File name tutorial jpg Open v Cancel Files offype JPEG Image jpg Figure 17 selecting a background picture After validation the background picture is displayed in the graphical view Figure 18 TALREN 4 v1 17e nouveau prj E loj x File Edit View Project data Options Help os ta S O 0 e B ie T TAL R EN 4 License TERRASOL pee Network hardlock x 3950 m Y 2700 m Figure 18 example of a background picture imported into a new project The user can then move the background drag amp drop with the mouse left click on the background where no other element is displayed then move the mouse keeping the left button pressed The background can be moved partially outside the graphical view In the same way the user can change the size of the background picture when clicking on the background with the left mouse button where no other element is displayed handles appear on the picture contour The user can move these handles to change the picture size Adjusting the picture to scale this option enables to adjust the scale of the background picture to the one of the graphical view it is available only if a background pi
28. The data requested in this dialogue box are the following e Xand Y m coordinate of a corner of the centres grid They can be defined o Either by defining X and Y values m in the corresponding cells o Or by clicking on the A button and then clicking the point on the graphical view Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 90 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual e Xand Y increments distance m between 2 adjacent centres following the X and Y axis Y increment Figure 97 manual search for circular failure surfaces e Angle horizontal and angle vertical Inclinations of the grid axis compared to the horizontal and to vertical lines trigonometrical direction e Number of centres to explore in X and Y directions e Increment for circle radius m value positive or negative of the radius increment e Number of increments for circle radius maximum number of circles with different radii calculated for each centre e Min Abs for emergence XL m value of the abscissa beyond which the failure surfaces are not taken into account if these surfaces are completely on the left of the XL position The XL value enables in the case of complex slopes to avoid some undesired circles The position of the minimum abscissa for emergence is displayed on the graphical view at the bottom with the be symbol e Search type 3 choices are available Figure 96 imposed passage point first circle intercepting slope an
29. User manual 4 5 3 3 Strips Define reinforcements x Mame Strip 1 10 00 Strip 3 Strip 4 Y 12 40 imi imi Length 7 00 m width 0 050 m mi Horizontal spacing 0 50 Anglehorizontal 0 Width of diffusion base 0 50 m HEEE Diffusion angle 20 0 gt TR 150 0 kM v backfill 18 khim a Weighting factor Minorating f 1 Calculation method for tensile resistance jexterne HO 1 5 il H1 0 73 Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 50 reinforcements dialogue box tab 3 strips strip 1 The data displayed for each strip are the following Name by default Talren 4 names the strips Strip i These names can be changed 10 characters maximum X and Y m coordinates of the strip head Length m and width m total length and width of each strip Horizontal spacing m Angle horizontal the default value is zero horizontal strips as illustrated on Figure 39 Diffusion width m and diffusion angle refer to comments given for nails section 4 5 3 1 TR tensile strength of a strip force Ypacktii UNIt weight of the backfill used for the reinforcement Weighting factor it is a matter of defining whether the unit weight of the backfill will be considered as a favourable or unfavourable action 2 possible choices this w
30. all allow to add a new load distributed or linear load moment to remove the selected load to duplicate the selected load creation of a new load with the same properties or to remove the whole list of loads in the active tab either distributed loads or linear loads moments Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 39 gt TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual 4 4 2 1 Distributed Loads xi Mame La 1 Mien 750 m Yietjsso m alet 27 kPa right 2 80 m ITI 7 kPa Y right fs o0 q right 2 Ang horizantal fa0 0 El Delete Duplicate Delete all OK Cancel Help Figure 37 loads dialogue box Tab 1 distributed loads The data displayed for each distributed load are as follows e Name by default Talren 4 names distributed loads Sd i but these names can be changed 10 characters maximum Xet and Yir coordinates X and Y m of the left point of the load e Qe value of the load in this point pressure o Xrignt ANA Yrign Coordinates X and Y m of the right point of the load e Qyignt Value of the load in this point pressure e Ang horizontal inclination of the load compared to the horizontal line in degrees by default the distributed loads are vertical and directed downwards 90 It is possible change this angle only in the case of calculations using the yield design calculation method If the left and right
31. comments dialogue DOX cecccsececseeeeceeeeceeeeseeeeseeseeseeeeneueesegeessaeeeseeeas 24 Figure 21 defining a scale cccceseccccesceccenececeececcuececsueeeeseueesseueeessuueeessueeessageesseeeeesaaeeesaas 25 Figure 22 table of soil echaracteristiCS ccccseeeccceeeeeccececceeeeeceueeecsueecseaeeessuesessaseesseneesseaes 26 FOUS ui 8 2120 61 6 lt eee en eee ne eee eee eee 26 Figure 24 table Of reinforce Ment ccccseccccseeeeeseeeeeceeeeecaeeeeseeeeeeseeeesseeeessaaeeesseeesseeeessaes 27 PIQUE ZO Slats OM wade stance E E E alia EE teat vase ovediadnnieaets 27 Figure 26 Save dialogu Oia saenrecc detonate lariaren ENE EaR EEE EAEE 28 Figure 27 changing the working directory cccccceeccceseeceeeeseeeeseeeeseeeeeseeeeseeeetegeesseeesseeeens 28 Figure 28 table CODY OPTIONS resescscaccesnseccsesaiawsesccaasnencosuecrdouconavenseedascnetestecemaneacenienesernieseneenece 29 Figure 29 graphics CODY CONOMNS wisineramanarastwrastniacsahuainudiasamatensudenmaarhints pinta luntiasamialass 30 Figure 30 general Settings dialogue DOX cceccccsseccceeeeeeseeseeceeeeceueeeeseeeeseaeeesseeeeeseneessags 32 Figure 31 properties dialogue box for a point or SEQMENT ceeccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeaeeeeees 35 Figure 32 geometry dialogue box 3 talS ccccsseccccsececcseeeceeeeeeceeeeeseeeeessuesesseuseesaeeeessaes 36 Figure 33 case of loads covering Several segments
32. given construction stage several situations should be defined o The polygonal failure surfaces should be defined so that the first and the last points are outside the slope boundary and so that the 2 and the next to last points are below the slope boundary Figure 102 o The points of a polygonal failure surface are automatically ordered by increasing X values when validating the dialogue box if you define a zigzag failure surface by typing or drawing it will automatically be straightened when validating the dialogue box In the same way if you add a point to an existing failure surface this point will first be connected to the last point previously defined but will be ordered after validation of the dialogue box Figure 103 Figure 103 addition of a point to an existing polygonal failure surface e Logarithmic spirals Chapter under construction e Data requested for all types of failure surfaces Figure 104 o Number of slices the default value is set to 100 for new situations There is no limit to the number of slices that you can define but a large number of slices will slow down calculation and display o Impose passage conditions for soil layers this checkbox enables to define passage conditions it is not compulsory New data are then requested Figure 104 Condition n 1 choose the soil layer among the list of the project layers then choose if the failure surface must pass out this layer or on the co
33. in the tal file except in the case of polygonal failure surfaces in this case Talren 4 automatically creates a stage and as many situations as polygonal failure surfaces defined in the tal file there can only be one single polygonal failure surface for each situation in Talren 4 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 114 TALREN 4 i tea B User manual 7 1 1 7 Hydraulic conditions properties of stage 1 Phreatic level A single point was sufficient in Talren 97 to define a horizontal groundwater level However in Talren 4 2 extremities should be defined for the groundwater level if in the Talren 97 file the groundwater level is defined with a single point Talren 4 automatically adds a 2 point at the same level when reading the file This comment also applies if necessary to the water table base External phreatic line As for the slope boundary section 7 1 1 2 there is in Talren 4 an automatic mode for the external water level that is deactivated by default when reading a tal file because Talren reads the previously user defined data but can be activated it is even recommended except if the user wishes on purpose to impose an external phreatic level that is different from the one calculated by default Hydraulic pore pressure mesh No special comment ru coefficients In Talren 97 the ru coefficients were defined in the soil characteristics In Talren 4 the hydraulic conditions can be chan
34. in the general settings increase max to lower the drawing OK Setup Cancel Help Figure 119 printing settings The different types of printing are detailed hereunder 6 1 Project data This option is the only printing option proposed in the Project data mode In the Stages Calculation mode it is activated by default This printing summarises all data and assumptions defined by the user in the data mode e General settings e Soil characteristics e Geometry e Loads e Reinforcements 6 2 Graphical summary This option is available only in the Stages Calculation mode It provides a page in landscape format with for each situation e The project layout displayed in the same way as on the screen Same zoom level etc if the results are available for the printed situation s the critical failure surfaces are displayed too e The minimum safety factor obtained after calculation if results are available e A bar at the bottom with the software version title of the project filename stage and situation names printing date and time company name from the hardlock Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 107 TALREN 4 i TERRASOL B User manual 6 3 Data for stages and situations This option is only available in the Stages Calculation mode The printed document summarises all data and assumptions defined for the printed stage and situation e Data for the stage o Hydraul
35. in the same directory as the project file talren ava file file generated by the calculation module and allowing the interface to know the calculations progress display of the gauge during the calculation This file is created in the same directory as the project file It is unique in each directory It is therefore overwritten each time a new calculation is asked for in the same directory talren fic file text file used as a link between the user interface and the calculation module This file is generated in the installation directory of Talren 4 at the beginning of each calculation re1 file formatted text file generated by the calculation module and listing calculation data The filename is the same as ta2 filename The re1 file is created in the same directory as the project file res file same comments as for the re1 file The res file contains the detail of the calculation results for failure surfaces These results are displayed in the Results for failure surfaces dialogue box ren file same comments as for the re1 file The ren file contains the detail of reinforcements results These results are displayed in the Forces in reinforcements dialogue box tra file same comments as for the re1 file The tra file contains the details of the slices results this file can therefore be very big often several Mb These results are displayed in the Slices results dialogue box trb file same comments as for
36. is possible to transfer soil properties from a database to the other in both directions provided that no set with the same name already exists in the destination list For example to transfer a set of soil properties from the global database to the local database select the set you want in the global list on the right 1 and click on the button Transfer to the project 2 The set of characteristics is then added to the left list and can be viewed edited validated etc be careful the layer colour is usually modified after a transfer from a database to the other x Mame Layer 1 decomp gt Soc ne tere Calor As Y 22 khim Favorable D Anisotropy D PA t lo kPa A lo Cohesion Effective i 30 0 3 Mon linear curve Linear qs nails h 30 kPa qs wizard Specific partial safety factors for this layer independently from partial safety factors selected in conditions definition Add Ty 11 05 re i5 Delete Ftan 1 2 Pol fi Duplicate Cg ti Delete all Pysnails h o rasanchors f o Hide database S OK Cancel Help Figure 67 soil characteristics dialogue box general soils database Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 66 TALREN 4 A TERRIA B User manual e With the option Soils database from the Options menu this option directly activates the wizard in a separate window Figu
37. linear curve wizard Specific partial safety factors for this layer IV independently from partial safety factors selected in conditions definition Ty 11 05 Tc 1 5 Ttan p 1 2 Fpl f Fgsnails f o Fgasanchors f o Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 62 soil characteristics dialogue box choice of a non linear shear strength curve A new button appears to replace instead of the editing cell for the friction angle nonlinear curve wizard Click on this button a new specific dialogue box is opened Figure 63 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 60 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual Between 2 and 5 lines should be filled in the table the Add button is visible as long as the table includes less than 5 lines Each line corresponds to a o t couple of the shear strength curve The lines in the table are automatically ordered by increasing o values Points O I xi Export OO m O TKN a oc 2 40 0 25 0 70 3 fo 36 0 4 J300 0 feso 60 5 500 0 0 0 200 0 200 400 tT ae T a T Figure 63 non linear shear strength curve 4 7 WIZARDS AND DATABASES These various wizards as indicated in the following sub sections use or enable to save sets of predefined parameters 4 7 1 Coefficient qs for nails The QSnaig wizard allows to determine the values of the unit skin friction QSnais for a given lay
38. of hydraulic conditions IMPORTANT external phreatic line If the groundwater level is at least partially out of the slope it is compulsory to activate the option Define an external phreatic line Figure 79 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 78 TALREN 4 A TERIA B User manual If this option is activated the button Define the external phreatic line is displayed Click it A new dialogue box opens Figure 81 and enables to type in the points defining the external phreatic line Refer to the previous section for more information about this dialogue box In addition please note that the automatic calculation option for the external groundwater level cannot be used in the case of hydraulic data defined along the failure surface the automatic calculation of the external groundwater level is correct only with the phreatic level option e Triangular mesh of pore pressures select the relevant option in the top list Figure 84 The additional parameter Subdivisions for calculation is requested its default value being equal to 5 it enables a pre classification of the triangles in a number of zones the parameter corresponds to the number of these zones which accelerates the calculations in the case of hydraulic meshes of pore pressures please refer to the technical manual for more information about this parameter The triangular mesh can be defined manually To do so click on the butto
39. of the additional moment positive in the trigonometrical direction Each element can include either a load value or a moment value or both An empty value for Q or M is equivalent to a zero value Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 41 Tr TERRASOL 4 5 Reinforcements 4 5 1 Introduction to reinforcements Tune Sollicitation Interaction Seche commenis yp mode soil reinforcement p Nails Traction shear Interaction soil nail Anchors Traction Interaction soil anchor Strips Traction Interaction soil strip reinforced earth Freyssisol paraweb VSol geotextiles geogrids etc 7 Table 1 reinforcement types in Talren 4 TALREN 4 B User manual Can work in calculated traction imposed shear can be traction only this behaviour corresponds to 80 of the nailing projects Can work with no traction calculated shear this behaviour corresponds to slope reinforcements with piles or micro piles Can work in calculated traction calculated shear Examples of specific normative documents french standard XP P 94 240 Clouterre recommendations Traction only Examples of specific normative document TA 95 recommendations Traction only Examples of specific normative documents french standard XP P 94 220 Struts are considered as external compression forces They have no direct interaction friction type with the soil but in the calculation a str
40. properties are the default properties assigned to new soil clusters section 4 3 1 1 5 1 4 3 Active loads It is possible to activate loads defined in the Data mode and or to deactivate loads already activated in the previous stages To activate deactivate a load distributed or linear moment the user can o Either click on the load to activate deactivate on the baseline or on the application point of the load this load will alternatively be activated then deactivated etc o Or click with the right mouse button on the load to activate deactivate on the baseline or on the application point of the load to display the pop up menu then choose the menu option Activate Deactivate The deactivated loads appear in grey The active loads are displayed in red 5 1 4 4 Active reinforcements It is possible to activate reinforcements defined in the Data mode and or to deactivate reinforcements already activated in the previous stages To activate deactivate a reinforcement nail anchor strip or strut the user can o Either click on the reinforcement to activate deactivate this reinforcement will alternatively be activated then deactivated etc o Or click with the right mouse button on the reinforcement to activate deactivate to display the pop up menu then choose the menu option Activate Deactivate The deactivated reinforcements appear in grey 5 1 4 5 Hydraulic conditions Hydraulic conditions can be displa
41. situation Once the situation is pasted it is possible to change its settings section 5 2 5 5 2 5 Definition or modification of the conditions settings The conditions settings can be displayed with Stages and conditions menu and the Define selected set of conditions option with the same option in the pop up menu right click on the situation label or with the button of the contextual toolbar A dialogue box is opened Figure 95 It is detailed in the following sub sections xi Calculation method for this situation Bishop Saving slice results For critical failure surface only Safety factors for this situation clouterre accidentelicourant r Safety factors wizard Seismic characteristics Iv alii 0 12 awg o os Failure surfaces circular Sutfaces Search type automatic Circular failure surface automatic mode Define failure surfaces Mumber of slices fioo Impose passage conditions for soil layers 7 OK Cancel Help Figure 95 conditions dialogue box 5 2 5 1 Calculation options Four calculation methods are available Fellenius Bishop Perturbations and yield design calculation The default calculation method is the one defined in the project general settings section 4 2 but it is possible to change it individually for each situation The saving option for detailed slice results determines the size of the results files you can either save the detailed slice result
42. surfaces dialogue box polygonal failure surfaces This window behaves like the Geometry dialogue box Points tab section 4 3 2 Add Delete and Delete all buttons enable to add a new point to delete the selected point or to delete all points defining the polygonal failure surface The Possible selection on drawing mention means that you can add points to the failure surface by clicking them on the graphical view the u column should be filled after the points have been created The polygonal failure surface is represented by a thin black line with black points Figure 102 Figure 102 example of graphical display for polygonal failure surfaces The data requested in the dialogue box are the following o Numbers of the points those are automatically allocated and cannot be edited o Xand Y coordinates in m of each point of the polygonal failure surface o u pressure pore pressure at X Y point This information is taken into account in the calculations only if the hydraulic conditions are set on Hydraulic conditions along polygonal failure surfaces for the active stage If this type of hydraulic conditions is not active in the stage the data in the u column will be ignored Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 93 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual IMPORTANT o For each situation one single polygonal failure surface can be defined to analyse several polygonal failure surfaces for a
43. the re1 file The trb file is specific to the yield design calculation method n rrp or c rrp file same comments as for the re1 file It is a temporary result file these files are deleted when the project is saved and or closed err file this file contains relevant error messages generated by the calculation module it is almost always empty These error messages if any are displayed in the calculation window the user therefore automatically views these messages The name of the err file is the same as for the ta2 file The err file is created in the same directory as the project file Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 118
44. 0 g Specific partial safety factors for this layer IV independently from partial safety factors selected in conditions definition Tt 1 05 re 1 5 tant 1 2 Fpl f Fgsnails fi 0 Fasanchors f 0 Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 60 soil characteristics dialogue box cohesion anisotropy The cohesion type is still asked for but a new button is displayed instead of the cohesion editing cell Anisotropy wizard Click on this button a new dialogue box is then opened Figure 61 The 8 lines should be filled in The first column corresponds to angles compared to the horizontal positive values in the trigonometrical direction and the second to the cohesion value for each angle The table lines are automatically ordered by increasing angle values Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 59 TALREN 4 Tr Tea B User manual Anisotropy curve x Export 2 3 4 5 5 T Anisotropy curve Figure 61 cohesion anisotropy Specific case 2 non linear shear strength curve To define a non linear shear strength curve it is necessary to activate the Non linear choice for the shear strength curve The requested data are then modified Figure 62 Define soil characteristics i x Name Layer 2 Color y Y fe kNim3 Favorable Anisotropy D c fo kPa A lo kPaim Cohesion effective gt Non linear curve Non linear z Non
45. 1 et 2 Load n 1 GL 3 Hydraulic conditions 3 Nails n 1 2 and 3 GL 4 Hydraulic conditions 4 Nails n 2 and 3 The hydraulic conditions for all stages can be identical or not Table 2 example of construction stages 5 1 2 Adding a new stage The Add a new stage option of the Stages and conditions menu allows to create a new stage that is added as the last stage no matter which stage is selected when adding the stage This operation is also possible with a right click on an existing stage Add a stage item in the pop up menu Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 70 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual When adding a new stage other than the first stage it is generated to be identical to the stage immediately above in the list The user can then define the changes compared to this preceding stage e Modification of the groundlevel excavation deactivation of soil clusters section 5 1 4 1 e Association of different soil properties simulating soil substitution or soil improvement for example the soil properties assigned with each soil cluster can be modified in a given stage But all necessary soil properties must be available i e must have been defined in the Data mode section 5 1 4 2 e Activation or deactivation of loads distributed loads linear loads additional moments section 5 1 4 3 Deactivation can of course only be selected for active loads e Activation or deactiv
46. 2 32 22 40342 515 0 757 0 745 1 040 Tl Display all results OK Help Legend for F values Figure 112 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces Bishop calculation method Detailed output circular failure surfaces Export 9 87 26 68 25 08 19210 475 0 722 0 716 1 297 9 87 26 68 2458 15954 911 0 735 0 730 1 658 9 87 26 68 24 08 12922 011 0 754 0 752 2 555 _ 13 77 30 88 31 99 35805 993 0 672 0 665 1 031 13 77 30 88 32 49 40917 842 1 591 1 560 2 044 i 45909 956 1 648 1 613 1 984 l i 31 49 31038 243 0 678 0 671 1 190 _ i 88 30 49 22337 417 0 697 0692 1 337 13 77 30 88 29 99 18392 946 0 712 0 708 1 776 EMAEMA 17 66 35 07 37 49 41242506 0 654 0 648 1 031 17 66 35 07 36 99 35650872 0 661 0655 1 199 17 66 35 07 36 49 30381188 0 670 0664 1129 17 66 35 07 35 99 25427 99 0 683 0678 1 378 17 66 35 07 34 99 16447431 0 725 0 724 3 525 _ 39 27 43 05 46678 258 0 642 0 636 1 033 21 56 39 27 42 55 40254 654 0 650 0 644 27 42 05 34195 987 0 660 0 655 1 144 41 55 28495 907 0 674 0 669 1 416 41 05 23150 025 0 692 0 689 27 40 55 18151 611 0 719 0 719 4 097 43 46 48 65 52114 297 0 634 0 628 1 037 43 46 48 15 44852 957 0 642 0 637 _ 4346 47 65 38000 13 0 653 0 648
47. 4 example of an automatic search with imposed passage point display of all calcu d Orol ES eee aE E cnet E 12 Figure 5 principle of the automatic search for yield design calculation logarithmic SOAS aroe E E 12 Figure 6 example of an automatic search for logarithmic spirals display of all GNC AUS SONA E EE A E E AE E E E A A 13 Figure 7 identification of the zones on the screen in Stages Calculations mode 15 Figure 8 main MENMU nccsrsccsucoiendecknsmranchiadentatiymaryedcaneh REO REENA ERRE aaneen 17 Figure J project Data MENU ccs cirian ai a iiaa aia 18 Figure 10 pop up menu stages mode after a right click on a soil layer ceeeeeeeeeeeees 18 PIQUE TE MAOODA aeres E S EE mea OaE Ea 18 FIQUIG HZ PROT Gala ODAT sa E as ane eeeene eee 19 Figure 13 Stages CalCulatiOns 1OOID AM csie a EEES 19 Figure 14 explorer for stages ANd conditions ceccccseececeeeeeceeeeeeeaeeeessaueeesaaeeessaeeeesaeeeeeas 20 Figure 15 example of a model reversal ccccccseeecceeeeeceeeeecseeeeceuececseeessegeeeseeeessensessaes 21 FOUG T0 ONO SCIUNT 22 Figure 17 selecting a background picture nsaenssennseneserssrrnsrrrsnensrrrsnrrrnrrrnrrnnennnrenrrnerreeno 23 Figure 18 example of a background picture imported into a new prOjeCct cceeceeeeeeeeees 23 Figure 19 adjusting background picture to scale sssesseenneserensrrsrrrrrerrrrrrrresrrrnrrrrerrrreenee 24 Figure 20 general
48. 7 enabled to define partial safety factors but not to save them as sets associated with a given standard Talren 4 when reading tal files cannot therefore associate a partial safety factor set Clouterre for example with the individual values defined in the tal file that s why a specific coefficients TAL set is created when reading each tal file refer to section 7 1 1 1 Moreover it was possible in the tal files to define different partial safety factors for each soil layer So when reading tal files specific partial safety factors are activated and defined for each layer these factors replace for each layer the global set selected in the situations and ensure therefore that tal files will provide the same results with Talren 4 as with Talren 97 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 113 TALREN 4 a TERATE B User manual Define soil characteristics x 9 Name Soil 1 Color p y fi g kNiim3 Favorable T Anisotropy D c fo kPa 4A fo kPaim Cohesion Effective 4 35 0 Non linear cure Linear qs nails lo kPa qs wizara Specific partial safety factors for this layer IV independently from partial safety factors selected in conditions definition 1 05 Tc f s Mtani fi 2 Fpl fi Fasnails fio Cgsanchors f 0 Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 125 soil characteristics and specific partial safety factors However if the ta
49. 8 3 7 5 161 39 1 03 47 3 1628511 0 o0 2179 42 51 98 0 3 7 34 1161 14 1 02 626 1626911 0 o0 2245 4s 68 10 0 3 7 19 160 89 102 58 16254 1 O O 2313 48 88 F411 0 3 7 03 160 63 1 01 633 16239 1 0 o 12 0 3 6 87 160 38 1 01 686 1622411 0 0 24 55 55 41 Ci 0 3 6 71 16013 1 739 1621 1 0 0 26528 58 73 14 o0 3 6 55 159 88 1 792 16196 2 0 O 2602 44 98 16 0 3 6 39 159 63 099 847 16181 2 oo 2677 48 19 16 0 3 6 22 159 38 099 906 16166 2 0 O 28 28 52 43 39 Figure 118 slices results case of detailed results saved for critical failure surface only Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 106 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual 6 PRINTING It s possible to print e Only the active stage and situation e All situations of the active stage e All situations of all stages Several printing settings are available they correspond to various detail levels The printing settings are valid for all the situations of all selected stages if relevant Printing settings q X Project data Iv Frint Current stage and conditions Data for stages and situations D Detailed output I Forces in reinforcements D Slices results I Graphical summary M WARNING The graphical summary is printed as displayed onthe screen To adjust it vertically you should change Ymax
50. ALREN 4eng Examples Examples prj highway wall prj l ioj x File Edit View Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help h c Project data Q z E a 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 8y Stage 1 Auto wall 1 Auto tangent 2 Railway 3 HH Stage 2 H Stage 3 A Stage 4 HH Stage 5 Stage 6 e Railway 2 0 Stage 7 Calculation method Perturbations 680 Set of partial safety factors Clouterre fund standard temp Fmin 1 65 4 License 5 18980Test g TALREN 4 mis iioi Seale 1 1066 Network hardlock Figure 107 default output display after the calculation of a situation example in the case of circular failure surfaces Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 98 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual 5 3 3 Settings for the graphical output display The settings for the graphical ouput display can be edited with the Calculation and results menu option Graphical display settings for output by the i button of the toolbar or by the pop up menu on the graphical view click on the right mouse button on the graphical view The dialogue box illustrated on Figure 108 is displayed It enables to request the display of in addition to the default display section 5 3 2 All calculated circles Figure 109 All circles corresponding to a certain range of safety fac
51. Comments about selected set of conditions Add a new set of conditions Remove the selected set of conditions Duplicate the seletec set of conditions Project data Figure 8 main menu Page 17 TALREN 4 A TEPATE B User manual TALREN 4 1 15d C Program Files TA File Edit View Project data Options Hel General settings Geometry Reinforcements Sail charackeristics Stages calculation Figure 9 project Data menu 3 2 2 Pop up menu It can be reached by a right click of the mouse It enables to reach at any time The most common display options some zoom options for example View whole model is very useful The operations available for the object selected before right clicking for example properties deletion edition activation deactivation The available options depend on the active mode Project Data or Stages Calculation All other relevant options depending on the position of the mouse and on the selected element For example on Figure 10 it is possible to edit graphical display settings since the Stages Calculations mode is active and the calculation has already been performed view whole model Graphical display settings For output Ctrl C Copy Figure 10 pop up menu stages mode after a right click on a soil layer 3 2 3 Main toolbar Figure 11 main toolbar The buttons hereabove correspond respectively to the fo
52. E E a 18 32A COmMexuUa ooa iein Ea a En EE EEEE RETTERE EEA EE REER 19 3 2 5 Explorer for stages and conditions 1 cccccccsseeeecccsseeeeecsnaueeeecessaseseeesssauaeeesssaaeseeesssaaes 20 3 3 GRAPHICAL VIEW AND RULERS cessnts cite sasdicnenets cdocossascaiednts tncciohadcudieteciateeeaeddjeaateadenseateddceeteascteoueste 20 3 3 1 Conventions about the graphical drawing 11ccccccccssseeeseeceeecessseeeeceessssssaeesseeeeessssaens 20 3 3 2 Display settings for the graphical VIQW sscscccsseececssneeecesaueeessaseessaueeessaesessaannessanes 21 EE E EE E E E E AE eet ee gee AE E E E 27 3 5 STANDARD FUNCTIONNALITIES OF THE WINDOWS ENVIRONMENT cccecccessesscsesereeeecensesscaneenens 27 3 5 1 File New Open Save as Working directory Close Recent files Exit 27 re FAN e E E E E E 28 3 5 3 Copy Faste ANA COPY tO CHDDOALC ccssseeeeeccccccesssseeseeccessssaseueeceessssauaeseeeesesssaaaeees 28 iy AICO ee E E A A E A 30 gaa ADOD a a E E AEE A E N TE E eee ee 30 4 PROJECT DATA MODE iriinruiiisoniunannun inamana aana aaa a Kaiak 31 Ak PRINCIPLE oraninin rene E E E E E E O EE TE 31 4 2 GENERAL SETTING adenan e E PP ee a oe 31 da C EOMETR T aenea a a E A E E E 33 4 3 1 Drawing the geometry with the MOUSE 11scccccssececcsneeecceaeessaeeeeesaeesesssaeeesssaenessanaes 33 4 3 2 Geometry dialogue DOX ccsssecccccnaeseecccnsacseeccsnsauseesessaausseessacsssscessauusesessaauness
53. ING act se ae cee E E E E T REE E 109 7 FILES HANDLED BY TALREN 4 nasnssnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ennenen 110 7 1 FILES THAT CAN BE OPENED SAVED WITH TALREN 4 ccccccccesssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeesaeaeeeeeees 110 7 1 1 Loading tal files Saved WIth Talren 97 w ccssecccccsssececccsnsneeeecessaueeeeessasesecesssaaeeeeessaaaes 110 7 1 2 Reading plx files saved with PIAXIS V8 csccccccnsesscsccnnsnseseennsansssensaansessensaansessensanes 115 7 2 OTHER FILES HANDLED BY TALREN Feta occeieet cease sdcezeacetcecwadi cheatcaaceciesaneadewetdtaceewesaadedecensaxenase 117 7 2 1 Files provided during installation cccccccsseeeccccsseesseccsnsueesscessaussessaaeceesessaaenssessaaaes 117 Te PO TS ara E A E A AE E EE eee 117 Tid TOMDA OS serea E E E R A E E E ET EE 118 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 2 T TERRASOL LIST OF FIGURES TALREN 4 Manual B User manual Figure 1 stages and situations ccc cccccccseececeeeeecceesecceueeeceuseecsueeeeseueeeseeeessueeesseuseesaueeesaeees 9 Figure 2 scan principle for the automatic search of the critical circle with imposed passage point for the first circle First scan sssesssssesssssnnsesrrrrsssrrresrrrresrrrree 10 Figure 3 scan principle for the automatic search of the critical circle with imposed passage point for the first circle Second scan ZOOM ceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 11 Figure
54. RTANT they include important indications for a good use of the software Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 7 TALREN 4 Manual 7 ie TERRASOL B User manual 2 GENERAL PREVIEW 2 1 Main features of TALREN 4 2 1 1 The interactive graphical interface The TALREN 4 user interface is an interactive graphical interface developed according to the following principles e Most operations in particular the drawing of the profile can be performed with the mouse It is also possible to view and modify properties of the various objects data and results with the right mouse button e TALREN 4 proposes a graphical view whenever possible curves for cohesion anisotropy or stresses along the failure surface are 2 examples of graphical display e The non necessary data are not displayed for example if no nail is defined the value Of Snails IS NOt Necessary this datum is therefore hidden in this case e Each datum is defined only once to guarantee a better liability and to save time when the user wants to change a value only one change required e Many wizards partial safety factors and databases soils reinforcements are available The different ways of using this graphical interface are detailed in the following chapters 2 1 2 Handling the staged construction TALREN 4 enables to analyse geotechnical projects and not only individual cross sections which means that the management of construction
55. a dike and the groundwater level for the soil layers underneath the dike In all cases ru used alone or in combination with one of the other types of hydraulic conditions it is possible to define in addition an external groundwater level refer to the other types of hydraulic conditions in the previous paragraphs for the definition of an external groundwater level Defining hydraulic conditions x Hydraulic conditions None Define an external phreatic line D ru for layers M pefine ru coeticent OK Cancel Help Figure 89 definition of ru coefficients for soil layers Activate the ru checkbox The button Define ru coefficients is displayed Click it the window of Figure 90 appears Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 83 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual Table of ru coefficients xX Soil layer name ru Layer 1 D s l Ji J Layer 2 0 5 i Reset all ru values in the table to zero OK Cancel Help Figure 90 ru coefficients for soil layers This dialogue box automatically displays the list of the project soil layers 1 column that cannot be edited The user should fill in the value of ru for each layer default value of ru for each layer is zero A button at the bottom of the dialogue box enables if necessary to reset ru values for all layers to zero for the curr
56. ad factor that will be applied to the unit weight also refer to section 4 7 2 3 for a description of the partial safety factors Anisotropy checkbox it is deactivated by default no anisotropy To take into account a cohesion anisotropy this checkbox should be activated and additional data should be defined case 1 at the end of this section c Ac and cohesion type respectively cohesion at the top of the layer cohesion variation with depth per meter and choice between effective or undrained cohesion This last choice determines the partial safety factor that will be applied to the cohesion value also refer to chapter 4 7 2 3 for a description of the partial safety factors Cohesion variation with depth Ac is taken into account according to Figure 56 the layer thickness in each vertical slice and not the depth compared to a horizontal level is used for the calculation of the cohesion at a given depth If Ac is zero cohesion is constant for the whole soil layer Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 56 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual Cslice j C hj X AC Figure 56 Ac cohesion variation with depth e Non linear curve choice the default option is Linear which corresponds to the standard case To define a non linear shear strength curve please refer to case 2 at the end of this section e friction angle in QSnais and gs wizard this line is visible only if at least one nail
57. age Conditions n 1 Conditions n 2 Clouterre fund Clouterre acc seismic Figure 1 stages and situations Each calculation is performed for a given situation of a given construction stage Each calculation is independent from the calculations for other stages and situations For example the result of the calculation for situation m of phase n does not depend neither on the results of phase n 1 nor on the results of situation m 1 nor on any other results One must perform as many calculations for a project file as situations defined for all stages of this project file 2 1 3 The automatic search for circular surfaces In the case of circular failure surfaces an automatic search option is available as a complement to the manual search definition of a mesh for centres of circles This automatic search is compatible with options imposed passage point and first circle tangent to a soil layer and enables an automatic scan of all the possible space for the centres of the circles The following figures illustrate the principle of the automatic scan The settings for the automatic search are detailed in section 5 2 5 4 and the scan method is detailed in section C 3 2 1 2 of the technical manual Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 9 TALREN 4 Manual i TERRASOL B User manual Number of directions number of intervals Number of distances number of intervals further di
58. al couran Fmin 1 03 ES rf E gt i sa 4 19870DEV T utorial Talren 7 TALREN 4 ee Laas Echelle 1 1021 x a m vam mS Status bar Figure 7 identification of the zones on the screen in Stages Calculations mode Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 15 TALREN 4 Manual 7 ie TERRASOL B User manual 3 2 Menus toolbars and stages explorer 3 2 1 Main menu The main menu schematic view in Figure 8 includes the following main headings e File e Edit e View e Project data e Stages and conditions e Calculation and results e Options e Help The Data menu on the one hand the Stages and conditions and Calculation and results menus on the other are not displayed simultaneously Only the menus corresponding to the active mode are displayed Anytime the menu items that are not relevant are disabled For example the Table of reinforcements option of the View menu is disabled if no reinforcement has been defined The menu items can all be reached with a keyboard shortcut like Alt F N for example to access the File menu New item The letters to be used for the shortcuts appear underlined in the menus in accordance with Windows standards as soon as you push the Alt button of the keyboard The menu options are not detailed here they are mentioned along with the description of the functionalities in the following chapters Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL Feb
59. al database select the reinforcement you want in the global list on the right 1 and click on the button Transfer to the project 2 The reinforcement is then added to the left list and can be viewed edited validated etc Note o the material characteristics of each reinforcement alone are stored in the general database the geometrical characteristics for example are not stored in the general database o the reinforcements database is specific to each reinforcement type there is a database for the nails another for the anchors etc but it is activated in the same way for all the reinforcements Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 67 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual Define reinforcements Nails Anchors Strips Struts A Export Name Nail 7 gt Name Equivalent radius m dbar m ce kPa Plastification moment kN m EIkN m2 0 0 x 4 73 m XN Nail 2 0 047 Nail 4 0 1 283 2074 T 698 50 m Nail 3 m m ee 1 lt q IBI Emri 2 Mai 0 052 0 075 sooo o 0 gt 1 Length 2 00 Horizontal spacing h 00 Anglefhorizontal 45 Width of diffusion base o 00 m Diffusion angle h 0 0 3 Input value oftensile strength I Obar 0 025 m ge 500000 kPa qs nails from curves z Rsc calculated from qs M Equivalent radius fo 052 m Tension shear rule Teal Cimp x x Shear force varying along nail T Add Im
60. anged in the dialogue box for loads definition menu or button 3 3 2 10 Table of reinforcements This option opens a window in which 4 summary tables are available through tabs one table per reinforcement type nails anchors strips and braces Only the reinforcement types for Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 26 TALREN 4 i Tea B User manual which elements have been defined in the project are available If no reinforcement is defined in the project the item for table of reinforcements is disabled in the View menu The table can be moved and can be kept opened while working in Talren 4 This option enables to view all the project reinforcements at once and thus to quickly check data Table of reinforcements i xX Figure 24 table of reinforcements Thanks to this option you can also copy paste the table in a report Microsoft Word document for example either as a picture or as a table A checkbox allows to choose if you want to display all reinforcements or only those that are active in the current stage In the Project data mode this checkbox is not displayed This table does not allow for data change no edit mode Values can only be changed in the dialogue box for reinforcements definition menu or button 3 4 Status bar It displays the following information e Coordinates true scale of the mouse on the graphical view e Gauge indicating the calcul
61. ation method Legend for F values gy X D 999 00 Mo circle calculated for this center geqmetrical incompatibility 996 00 Driving momentis zero 997 00 For perturbations method no solution for F 0 1 996 00 Driving moment 0 for circles Slope should be defined with Upstream on the lett 995 00 Driving moment with reinforcements 0 994 00 F 999 94 Figure 115 legend for F values 5 3 5 Forces in reinforcements The table of detailed results for reinforcements can be displayed with the Calculations and results menu option Forces in reinforcements or with the B button of the contextual toolbar The dialogue box illustrated on Figure 116 is displayed the left part displays the list of calculated failure surfaces the right part displays for the failure surface selected in the left list the forces and results for all active reinforcements In the example of the figure hereunder the project contains nails and anchors thus these 2 tabs are displayed Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 103 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual By default the green highlighted line corresponding to the critical failure surface is selected in the left list Note When a line is selected in the left list the corresponding failure surface is displayed with a bold line on the graphical view The columns contents depend on the reinforcements type active tab The button Legend for reinforce
62. ation moment booo kN m El 0 KM mZ Calculation method for tensile resistance externe Calculation method for shear resistance linternavexternal Figure 46 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails with calculation mode Tean Ceai o Critical angle for soil nail interaction it is advised to take for example 5 This angle makes it possible to determine the couple traction shear force that will be taken into account in the principle of maximum work please refer to the technical manual to learn more about reinforcements o Plastification moment plastification moment for the reinforcement pure bending calculated from the usual equation M o l at the limit of the elastic domain which is a simplification o EIl unit consistent with KN m2 reinforcement rigidity It is possible to take into account the addition of the steel rigidity bars tube etc and of the grout or concrete rigidity o Traction calculation this choice can take 2 values external pull out resistance is calculated on the part of the reinforcement which is outside the failure surface internal external pull out resistance is calculated as the minimal traction between the external and internal parts of the reinforcement with respect to the failure surface o Shear calculation 2 options are available external shear force is calculated on the external part of the reinforcement with respect to the failure surface internal external
63. ation of reinforcements nails anchors strips or struts section 5 1 4 4 Deactivation can of course only be selected for active reinforcements e Change of hydraulic conditions section 5 1 4 5 embankment etc activation or Data automatically generated when creating stage 1 All soil clusters are active Same soil properties as in data mode No load activated No reinforcement activated No hydraulic conditions Changes defined by user Data used for display and calculations in stage 1 Active soil clusters after potential activ deactiv for stage n Associated soil properties after potential user defined changes for stage n Reinforcements activated in stage 1 Loads activated in stage 1 Hydraulic conditions defined for stage 1 Data automatically generated when creating stage n Active soil clusters n Active soil clusters n 1 Associated soil properties n Associated soil properties n 1 Active loads n Active loads n 1 Active reinforcements n Active reinforcements n 1 Hydraulic conditions n Hydraulic conditions n 1 3 gt 3 2 32 3 wa Ss a a Changes defined by user for stage n Data used for display and calculations in stage n Active soil clusters after potential activ deactiv for stage n Associated soil properties after potential user defined changes for stage n Active reinforcements after potential activ deactiv for stage n Active loads after potential activ deactiv for stage n Hydraulic c
64. ation progress during calculation only xf1300 m y faro m 0 Figure 25 status bar 3 5 Standard functionnalities of the Windows environment 3 5 1 File New Open Save as Working directory Close Recent files Exit These functionalities are standard They display usual screens of Windows applications For example the open or save dialogue boxes propose an explorer allowing to choose a directory and if necessary to create it etc Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 27 TALREN 4 B User manual tutorial prj My Documents hy Computer w DSS Filename fiutorianoferi Save Files of type Project pr Cancel Figure 26 save dialogue box The menu options and corresponding buttons are activated deactivated with respect to relevant options for example the Save option will be active if data changes have been made since the last save if not the save as option alone is available The 4 most recent files are accessible directly from the File menu When opening or saving files the default directory is the working directory After installing Talren 4 the default working directory is the examples directory It can be changed at any time using the option Working directory of the File menu Figure 27 2 Choose your working directory lookin Seems OS C Examples prj 3 gt Examples tal ieee Hy Tutorials My Documents
65. bar in m and on the yield stress og pressure unit Figure 42 This second choice is the default choice Input value oftensile strength 7 D Obar fo 040 m TE fsooodl kPa Figure 42 reinforcements dialogue box tab 1 nails when checkbox Input value of tensile strength is deactivated Snais from 2 options are available curves default choice and tests The selected option will decide which value of the partial safety factor will be applied to the value of Snails Refer also to chapter 4 7 2 3 for the description of partial safety factors and chapter 4 6 for the application of specific safety factors IMPORTANT the option qSnais from is automatically the same for all the nails of a project e Rsc calculated from qs this checkbox indicates whether the Rsc value pull out resistance per meter length of nail o must be calculated based on the equivalent radius drilling or grouting radius in m used for the calculation of the grout perimeter and QSnais defined for each soil layer refer to chapter 4 6 Figure 41 this first choice is the default option o Oris directly input by the user unit of force m along nail Figure 43 Rsc calculated fram gs D FSE fo Khir Figure 43 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails when checkbox Rsc calculated from qs is deactivated e Calculation mode traction shear rule 3 options are available O Tean Cimp calculated traction imposed shear o Thu Cca Zero traction calcu
66. ble through the corresponding pop up menu right click on a situation label Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 87 TALREN 4 i tea B User manual Data defined for conditions 1 Data defined for conditions Calculation method Calculation method Partial safety factors Partial safety factors Seismic accelerations Seismic accelerations Failure surfaces exploration Failure surfaces exploration Figure 94 definition of several situations for a same stage 5 2 1 Principles For each construction stage a first set of conditions is generated automatically at least one situation is necessary to perform calculations The user then decides whether to create additional situations or not The situations are numbered automatically one after the other Once a situation is created added the user can define the following data for each of them e Calculation method e Partial safety factors e Seismic accelerations e Failure surfaces and associated parameters 5 2 2 Adding a new Set of conditions The option Add a new set of conditions of the Stages and conditions menu enables to create a new situation which is added at the end of the situations list for the active stage no matter which situation was selected when adding a new one This operation is also possible with a right click on an existing situation and the option Add a new set of conditions in the pop up menu Once t
67. box This dialogue box is accessible through the menu Data option Reinforcements It includes 4 tabs corresponding to the 4 reinforcement types which Talren 4 can take into account nails anchors strips and struts It allows for the edition of the reinforcements properties For each tab the left list makes it possible to view the project reinforcements and to edit their properties select a reinforcement in the list to view its properties In addition for each tab the buttons add remove duplicate and remove all allow to add a new reinforcement to remove the selected reinforcement to duplicate the selected reinforcement creation of a new reinforcement with the same properties or to remove all the reinforcements defined in the active tab The last button Display database enables to display the reinforcements database Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 44 F TERRASOL losia A B User manual 4 5 3 1 Nails x Nais Anchors Strips Struts Palit A Name Nail 1 Length 9 00 m Horizontal spacing 2 50 m Angle horizontal f 0 j Width of diffusion base 2 00 m Diffusion angle 20 0 5 Input value of tensile strength Iv TR 1308 0 kN qs nails from Curves Rsc calculated from qs M Equivalent radius 0 047 m Tension shear rule Teal Cimp E Shear force varying along nail T Add Imposed shear force Reis o o kN Delete Duplicate Delete all Calculation method for tensi
68. by default when loading Talren 97 files tal Indeed it was possible with Talren 97 to define different safety factors for each soil layer and the activation of the option specific partial safety factors for each layer guarantees therefore that tal files will be loaded with the correct values section 7 1 1 5 IMPORTANT if specific partial safety factors are activated for a given layer e The specific load factor on the unit weight T will be applied for the layer whether the weight action is indicated as favourable or unfavourable e Inthe same way the specific partial safety factor on the cohesion I will be applied for the layer whether the cohesion is effective or undrained e Finally the specific safety factors Vgsnaiis ANG Uasanchors Will be applied if relevant to the pull out resistance of the nails Rsc or of the anchors RQS whether those are indicated as determined from curves or tests sections 4 5 3 1 and 4 5 3 2 When one or several layers have been created in the dialogue box and appear in the left list they can be assigned to soil clusters by drag amp drop click on a soil layer in the list with the left mouse button then without releasing the button move the mouse onto a soil cluster finally release the left mouse button the selected layer is assigned to the soil cluster and appears in the same colour or pattern lt is also possible to assign soil layers to soil clusters after having closed the soil c
69. ch centre if there are radius increments the program calculates the minimum safety factor obtained for all circles with the same centre and displays only the circle associated with this minimum The checkbox Display all results below the table Figure 112 enables to request the display of all calculated circles Figure 113 The button Legend for F values enables to display the description of a legend for the safety factor values Figure 115 The columns displayed in the table depend on the type of failure surface circular polygonal spiral and on the calculation method Fellenius Bishop Perturbations yield design calculation The 3 values F SOL F SURCH and F TOTAL are displayed for the calculation methods Fellenius and Bishop For the other calculation methods F TOTAL alone is displayed e F SOL safety factor calculated without taking into account the loads nor the reinforcements e F SURCH safety factor calculated with loads but without reinforcements Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 101 Tr TERRASOL e F TOTAL global safety factor taking into account loads and reinforcements TALREN 4 B User manual In the case of the perturbations calculation method 3 additional columns appear Aand u and NSPEQ number of solutions for the 3 degree equation Note When a line is selected in the table the corresponding failure surface is displayed with a bold line on the graphical view
70. ck 3 3 2 3 Soil layers painting 3 options are available e Painting with colours default choice e Painting with patterns e No painting The last option is useful for printings that will be copied or faxed In the case of colours or patterns the choice of the colour or of the pattern associated to each layer is proposed in the dialogue box for soil properties Section 4 6 e With the Colours option the user has to choose a colour with a Windows standard colour choice e With the Patterns option the user has to choose a pattern from a predefined list lf the user changes the painting option in an existing project he should open the soil properties dialogue box to define the new patterns or colours the old ones are not erased because the user might come back later to the previous choice 3 3 2 4 Numbers of points and segments labels of loads and reinforcements Each one of these 4 options is available in the View menu and can be activated deactivated independently from the others 3 3 2 5 Background picture This option is usually used before starting to define the project geometry but it is also possible to import a background picture for an existing file e Loading a picture this option opens a standard dialogue box to select the picture file The supported files are the gif and jpeg formats Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 22 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual open x
71. crosses the selected layer Snails iS the unit skin friction soil nails for the layer The qs wizard can help you to define the qSnais value also refer to section 4 7 1 e pl and K B pressure unit for the both parameters These lines are only visible if at least one nail with the Thu Cea Or Tean Cca calculation mode crosses the selected layer K B can be calculated as a function of pressuremeter data Em and a 1 _ 1 4 2 65 3a KB E 18 S o For B lt B 0 6 m K B 9E B Bo 6Ey qs nails fi BO kPa qs wizard pl Jaoo0 kPa KSB fis6000 kPa Figure 57 soil characteristics dialogue box pl and KsB o ForB 2B 0 6m l _ 2 A 2265 a e Specific partial safety factors these specific factors that can be activated with the corresponding checkbox and defined for each layer Figure 58 They replace for each layer where they are defined and activated the corresponding values of the partial safety factors chosen in the situations Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 57 TALREN 4 A TERRIA B User manual Specific partial safety factors for this layer W independenti from partial safety factors selected in conditions definition ry fi rec 14 tangy 1 1 Fpl fi Pasnails fi O Dysanchors ho Figure 58 soil characteristic dialogue box specific partial safety factors This option should be used to apply different partial safety factors for various soil layers Particularly this option is activated
72. cture is active After selecting this option you are requested to draw a reference segment on the picture horizontal vertical or any direction A dialogue box then opens Figure 19 and requests the real length of this segment The size of the picture is then adjusted and it can be placed wherever wanted Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 23 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual Adjusting the background picture scal x 2 Real distance fs 50 ri OK Annuler Figure 19 adjusting background picture to scale e Removing the background picture this option enables to remove the background picture when it is not needed anymore it is therefore available only if a background picture is active 3 3 2 6 General comments It is possible to define general comments texts that will appear on the graphical view whatever mode is active This option available in the View menu but also with the Ei button of the general toolbar opens a dialogue box Figure 20 allowing to define or modify any number of general comments x l Comments i His is a comment al Add Delete Delete all OK Cancel Help Figure 20 general comments dialogue box To add a new comment click on the Add button then type in the text of the comment in the new line created in the table To modify an existing comment click on the corresponding line and change the text
73. culation with yield design method associated to logarithmic spirals the user defines entry and exit intervals for the spirals and a few additional parameters indicated in section 5 2 5 4 TALREN 4 performs an automatic search of all the Spirals corresponding to these entry exit intervals as illustrated in Figure 5 and Figure 6 Entry interval with search steps Exit interval with search steps TALREN 4 scans the spirals corresponding to all possible combinations of entry and exit points Figure 5 principle of the automatic search for yield design calculation logarithmic spirals Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 12 TALREN 4 Manual Tanne B User manual Ww 5 N tn y an o oa o nen oan liaan ieniemienie kiniinin kirilir mi eea ranni neelan leer eana Figure 6 example of an automatic search for logarithmic spirals display of all calculated spirals 2 1 4 Yield design calculation logarithmic spirals TALREN 4 proposes in addition to the 3 calculation methods with limit equilibrium Fellenius Bishop perturbations the yield design calculation method with logarithmic spiral failure surfaces Figure 6 For more information concerning this new calculation method please refer to the technical manual chapter C of this manual 2 1 5 Compatibility with previous versions of TALREN and with PLAXIS The ascendant compatibility of Talren 4 is ensur
74. current soil layer The use of the wizard is not compulsory qSnais values can also be input manually 4 7 2 Database for partial safety factors 4 7 2 1 Principles This wizard allows to define and save partial safety factors sets These partial factors are to be applied on some Talren data and are imposed or proposed by some standards and recommendations This wizard is provided with several predefined sets Figure 76 and the user can fill it with additional sets depending on his needs or on the standards evolutions These predefined sets are those proposed in the French Clouterre recommendations and in the french standards XP P 94 240 and XP P 94 220 0 Traditional sets are also included Each standard or recommendations document usuallly provides several sets of partial safety factors corresponding to fundamental or accidental load combinations standard or sensitive sites temporary or permanent situations These distinctions are indicated in the title of each predefined set For more details about the predefined sets please refer to chapter 6 of the technical manual part C of this manual Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 62 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual Figure 65 predefined sets of partial safety factors 4 7 2 2 Handling of the sets of partial safety factors This database is accessible from several moments in the project analysis In a general way in the Data mode it is possible t
75. d tangent to top of layer This choice is used to calculate the radius of the first circle associated with each centre For the other circles associated with the same centre the radius is determined by incrementation positive or negative of the radius and the criterion is therefore no longer applied Depending on this option the requested data will vary o Imposed passage point in this case this imposed passage point should be defined Either typing X and Y values in the edition cells Or by clicking on the A button then on the position for the imposed passage point on the graphical view o First circle intercepting slope in this case no additional parameter is requested o Tangent to top of layer in this case the tangency layer should be selected among the list of the project layers e Circular failure surfaces automatic search Circular surfaces choice and Automatic search type Figure 98 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 91 TALREN 4 a TERATE B User manual Failure surfaces Circular surfaces Search type Automatic h Circular failure surface automatic mode Define failure surfaces Figure 98 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces automatic search When clicking on the Define failure surfaces button the dialogue box of Figure 99 is displayed xi xi Number of intervals ho Number of intervals ho Increment for circle radius o50 m Incre
76. ddition the Add Remove and Duplicate buttons allow to add new sets of partial factors to remove the selected set to duplicate the selected set creation of a new set with the same values all these operations concerning the local database only Finally a last button Hide database makes it possible to hide the right part of the screen the global database Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 63 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual x Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Clouterre fundamental standard 2 ayhe Clouter R fundamentalistandard min 1 a ere ia K gt Clouterre fundamental standard sl Mites Clouterre accidental standard __Clouterre accidental sensitive XP P 94 240 fundamental 1 2a XP P 94 240 fundamental 2b XP P 94 240 accidental 1 2a XP P 94 240 accidental 2b XP P 94 220 fundamental standard XP P 94 220 fundamental sensitive XP P 94 220 accidental standard XP P 94 220 accidental sensitive Traditional Provisional _ Traditional Permanent Msi 10 95 Pphi f1 ce E LECUE TQ 11 33 rasna ab 1 8 in Tqsna es 1 4 Tqsan ab Fasan es Cqsstrip Fpl j1 Panail 1 15 raant Tastrip Figure 66 partial safety factors wizard IMPORTANT in the screen above the partial safety factors relating to anchors strips and struts are missing
77. e and both check boxes should be activated The mouse will then move on the screen by a 0 25 or 0 5 m increment or any other chosen value The smaller the spacing the more precise the layout will be e As soon as the user closes a soil cluster it turns grey this means that Talren 4 identifies that the cluster was closed and that it attributed default properties substratum to this cluster the user will later assign another soil layer refer to section 4 6 These substratum properties are automatically created for each project and if they are attributed to some soil clusters when calculating Talren 4 automatically considers that failure surfaces shouldn t enter these substratum soil clusters e If segments are drawn while maintaining the Shift button pressed Talren 4 will automatically draw either horizontal or vertical lines e The mouse coordinates are always displayed in the status bar e The points and segments numbers can be displayed on the graphical view with the View menu items Point numbers and Segment numbers section 3 3 2 4 e The mouse shape gives indications on the current drawing status for example O to add a new geometrical element O to connect a segment to an existing point start or end of a segment O H to add a point on an existing segment 4 3 1 2 Selecting points or segments The Li button activates the selection mode The selection mode is also accessible by the
78. e reinforcements dialogue box general reinforcements database reinforcements GAtADASE cccccececcccecccceccacecuacececueacaueceaueesuectsueaeenesusueaneas stages and conditions situations definition Of SUCCESSIVE STAGES cccceeccccseeeecceeeeeceeeeeceeeeeseeeeessaeeeeaeeeeesess insertion of a stage at position n modification of the soil properties for a soil cluster with the pop up menu hydraulic conditions dialogue box definition of the groundwater level Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 TALREN 4 Manual B User manual Page 4 T TERRASOL Figure 77 Figure 78 Figure 79 Figure 80 Figure 81 Figure 82 Figure 83 Figure 84 Figure 85 Figure 86 Figure 87 Figure 88 Figure 89 Figure 90 Figure 91 Figure 92 Figure 93 Figure 94 Figure 95 Figure 96 Figure 97 Figure 98 Figure 99 Figure 100 Figure 101 Figure 102 Figure 103 Figure 104 Figure 105 Figure 106 Figure 107 Figure 108 Figure 109 Figure 110 Figure 111 Figure 112 Figure 113 Figure 114 Figure 115 Figure 116 TALREN 4 Manual B User manual graphical display for phreatic lINC ccc cceececseececeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeeesaeeeseeeessees 75 adding a point to an existing groundwater level ccecceeeeecseeeeaeeeeeeeeseeeesaeees 75 activation of a water table base and an external phreatic line cccceeeeeeeeees 76 definition of the water table base
79. e automatically attributed and cannot be edited o Xand Y coordinates in m of all points describing the water table base The water table base is displayed with a thin blue dotted line Figure 77 IMPORTANT external phreatic line lf the groundwater level is at least partially out of the slope it is compulsory to activate the option Define an external phreatic line Figure 79 If this option is activated the button Define the external phreatic line is displayed Click it A new dialogue box opens Figure 81 and enables to type in the points defining the external phreatic line This window includes a checkbox Automatic calculation this option is activated by default for new projects o If it is activated the user cannot modify the table the external groundwater level will be automatically calculated the program will compare the groundwater level and the slope boundary o If it is not activated the user should define manually the external groundwater level The table behaves in the same way as the one for the groundwater level definition previous sections External phreatic level X Automatic calculation I Oo xm m e Epoo eon 2 27 00 5 00 hall Add Delete Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing OK Cancel Help Figure 81 definition of an external phreatic line The data requested in this dialogue box are the following o Numbers of the points those are automatically at
80. e following o Points tab Numbers of the nodes those are allocated automatically and cannot be edited X and Y coordinates in m for each node u value of pore pressure for each node pressure o Triangles tab Numbers of the triangles those are allocated automatically and cannot be edited Points 1 2 and 3 constituting each triangle each point number refers to a point defined in the 1 tab An example of hydraulic mesh display is given on Figure 86 blue points and triangles in thin blue dot line Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 80 TALREN 4 Tr tena B User manual Figure 86 example of the graphical display for a hydraulic mesh In the case of dams for example it is sometimes necessary to first calculate the pore pressure mesh with a specific program finite element type The results of this hydraulic calculation can be imported into Talren 4 as a triangular mesh Talren 4 enables to easily import pore pressure meshes resulting from a 2D finite element calculation made with Plaxis v8 software To use this option click on the Import Plaxis mesh Figure 84 2 dialogue boxes appear successively and request o The Plaxis file which includes the calculated pore pressures Figure 87 Be careful the Plaxis files generated for a given Plaxis project include a project plx file and a project DTA directory that itself contains a copy of the project plx file The project plx file
81. ed with Talren 97 except for a few exceptions section 7 1 1 Moreover Talren 4 can load Plaxis v8 files For more details please refer to section 7 1 2 2 General steps when creating a new project with Talren 4 TALREN 4 is composed of two modes the Data mode on the one hand and the Stages calculations mode on the other hand The classical steps to follow when creating a new project are the following e Run Talren 4 the default active mode is the Data mode e Create a new project file or open an existing project file e Define or modify the general settings not compulsory if opening an existing file e Shift to the Stages Calculations mode with the button of the contextual toolbar e The first stage is generated automatically define or modify its properties if necessary e The first situation is generated automatically define or modify its properties if necessary e f necessary create additional conditions situations for the first stage with the pop up menu or with the Stages and conditions menu Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 13 TALREN 4 Manual A ean B User manual e f necessary create additional stages with the pop up menu or with the Stages and conditions menu e Perform the calculations either for the selected situation or for all situations of the selected stage or for all situations of all stages the calculation can be run either with one of the 3 calculation opti
82. emen Pa acesn Saree eenctates asec lo atte ees Layer 1 20 30 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 1 A 2n 36 0 200 oo 130 f f soo 7so0 m3 oo jiooooj oo J o 0 01i ok _Her Figure 22 table of soil characteristics 3 3 2 9 Table of loads This option opens a window in which 2 summary tables are available through tabs one table per load type distributed and linear moments Only the load types for which elements have been defined in the project are available If no load is defined in the project the item for table of loads is disabled in the View menu The table can be moved and can be kept opened while working in Talren 4 x Export Mame Xieng v lettem qlettckPay xcrightim Y right m qrighttkPa Angihorizontal vvidth of diffusion base m Diffusion angee Lai 75 4 9 27 2 5 5 27 gg 0 Ee ee ee T as a es a ae ae ok Hern Figure 23 table of loads This option enables to view all the project loads at once and thus to quickly check data Thanks to this option you can also copy paste the table in a report Microsoft Word document for example either as a picture or as a table A checkbox allows to choose if you want to display all loads or only those that are active in the current stage In the Project data mode this checkbox is not displayed This table does not allow for data change no edit mode Values can only be ch
83. ent active stage only No specific graphical display is associated with ru coefficients 5 1 4 6 Comments for a stage It is possible to define comments specific to each stage text zones that will appear on the graphical view in the Stages Calculations mode depending on the active stage This option is accessible when a stage is selected through the Stages and conditions menu option Comments for the selected stage or with a right mouse click on the stage and then the same option in the pop up menu It enables to define or modify any number of comments for the selected stage Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 84 TALREN 4 A tea B User manual Comments related to selected stag x E Comments H Comment stage a al Delete Delete all OK cancel Help Figure 91 dialogue box for stage comments To add a new stage comment click on the Add button then define the comment text on the new line in the table To change an existing comment click on the corresponding line and change the text The Delete and Delete all buttons enable to delete one or all comments for the active stage After validating the dialogue box the comments appear in blue font on the graphical view The user can move these comments with the mouse click with the left mouse button on a stage comment move the mouse and release the mouse button It is also possible to delete a comment fro
84. er depending on this layer properties This QSnaiis value enables to describe the soil nail interaction behaviour friction The QSnaits Value Should be defined for each layer crossed by one or more nails This wizard is accessible by a button from the soil characteristics dialogue box next to the qs nails cell qs nails 130 KPa The user can not add new values to this wizard The values provided in the wizard are issued from the Clouterre recommendations as a function of the pressuremeter data pl They are displayed as curves Figure 64 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 61 TALREN 4 7 i Tea B User manual qs nails Clouterre 1991 B x Export gsiMFat 1 0 Limon injection gravitairej Grave injection gravitaire Marno calcaire injection gravitaire Rocher altere injection gravitaire Sable injection gravitaire Sable Battage prave finjection basse pression Grave hattage plChiP at qs nails J130 kPa f Annuler Figure 64 qs depending on pl extract from Clouterre recommendations 1991 The user can click on a curve and the software displays the corresponding value of gs e lf the user validates the value button OK this value is converted into the current unit system and is copied to the qSnais cell of the current soil layer e If the user does not validate the value button Cancel the selected value is not taken into account in the
85. essaaasees 35 Ae COA genre PO eC eee eee 37 4 4 1 Defining loads with th MOUSE 1cccccccccccccseecccsseececsseeeeseeeeessaseecssseeeeesseecessaeeseesanenes 38 dA 2 Loads dialogue OK sessar sad ee daca onde E EEA EEA TER 39 AO REINFORCEMENT S sccticececet ac teneeasicenepeseegenusac aean ENEE EAEE KTNA E DEDE EE N AARRE RAE ADRE E 42 4 5 1 Introduction to reinforcements vsvicqcnscszncsicenevencisczentaesdeadsieatveenessdencebesiodaseesevidendeisesebieds 42 4 5 2 Definition of the reinforcements with the MOUSE s1cccccsseeeceseeeesaeeeessneeeeeseeessananes 43 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 1 TALREN 4 Manual A ean B User manual 4 5 3 Reinforcements dialogue DOX cccccsceccccsseeeccsaneeccsaneeecssueeeesaseessauseeessnasessaanessaaanes 44 A6 ON CHAR AC TERS FIC ors peanuts cmettectaccdeamaiuantoet Ee EE aAA 55 4 7 WIZARDS AND EOP A SE oases cies cereus ca sets nsesicincciestinctne seated sof onausd sewetagssemeatonecegatuataesvoene 61 4 7 1 Coefficient OS for ANS sgcccesidsncsccedenceweestemnsadavensnnsdicsennddvcindaesditesansnsdieuatdtceewexsdiunanadanees 61 4 7 2 Database for partial safety fACtOSS cccccseeeeccccseeeccesseeeeecsssaueceeesssaueeeeessaaeesesssaaansees 62 DTD IONS CAA AS A E N A E A E E E aeanegiateeneres 66 4 7 4 Reinforcements CAtADASE cccccccssseseecesaeeeecscssuesecessaaueeeesssaueeseesssauaeeeessaaeeeesssaaansees 67 5 STAGES CALCULATIONS MODE
86. eters possibly defined with Plaxis v8 7 1 2 3 Loads No special comment 7 1 2 4 Construction stages A single stage is automatically created in Talren as it is always the case But no data are imported from Plaxis concerning the stage neither hydraulic conditions nor activation deactivation of soil clusters loads etc Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 116 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual A single situation is also automatically created for this first stage as it is always the case No data are imported from Plaxis for the situation A Plaxis v8 file behaves therefore as a new file as far as the Stages calculation mode is concerned 7 2 Other files handled by TALREN 4 7 2 1 Files provided during installation In addition to the system files DLL etc and the example files files provided during the program installation in the Talren 4 installation directory are the following e talren4 jar itis the Talren 4 exe file e run bat this file should be executed to run Talren 4 in the best conditions this enables a better optimisation of your computer memory than running directly talren4 jar e Properties fra and ang files these files include Talren 4 settings language hardlock type etc as well as all text resources e bd files these are the global Talren databases partial safety factor sets soils and reinforcements databases 7 2 2 Result files Several result files a
87. f layer This option is used to calculate the radius of the first circle associated with each centre For the other circles associated with the same centre the radius is determined by automatic incrementation positive and negative of the radius and the criterion is therefore no longer applied Depending on this option the requested data will vary o Imposed passage point in this case this imposed passage point should be defined Either typing X and Y values in the edition cells Or by clicking on the A button then on the position for the imposed passage point on the graphical view o Tangent to top of layer in this case the tangency layer should be selected among the list of the project layers e Polygonal failure surfaces Select Polygonal surfaces Figure 102 and click on the Define failure surface button The dialogue box of Figure 101 is displayed Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 92 TALREN 4 lt a TERRASOL B User manual Failure surfaces Polygonal SuITaces Polygonal failure surfaces Define failure surface Figure 100 failure surfaces dialogue box polygonal failure surfaces Polygonal failure surfaces x i 2 60 00 18 80 0 58 00 17 00 fo a1 40 14 50 fo 38 20 1 00 fo m n amp j Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing OK Cancel Help Figure 107 failure
88. f soil properties with soil clusters previously defined in the deleted stage are really deleted because they are stored independently for each stage and therefore in particular for stage n 1 renamed n The shifting of the stages numbers following the removed stage is made automatically After deletion of stage n SE at Stage n 1 Stage n 1 Nail activated in stage n 1 Nail activated in stage n 1 Stage n previously n 1 Nail activated in stage n 1 Nail activated in stage n 1 Soil cluster deactivated in stage n Soil cluster deactivated Nail activated in stage n in stage n Nail activated in stage n Soil cluster deactivated Nail activated in stage n in stage n Stage n 1 Nail activated in stage n 1 Soil cluster deactivated Nail activated in stage n in stage n Soil cluster deactivated Nail activated in stage n 1 in stage n 1 Figure 92 example of a stage removal Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 86 TALREN 4 i tea B User manual Data removed when deleting stage n Activations deactivations of soil clusters n Association of soil properties n Activations deactivations of loads n Activations deactivations of reinforcements n Hydraulic conditions n Before deleting After deleting SJEN BEA gt Same thing for the following stages Stage n 1 Stage n 1 Stage n 1 Stage n Data defined for stage n 1 Data for stage n data shifted fro
89. following sections in order to know and use the possibilities of Talren 4 when reading Plaxis v8 files Please also refer to chapter D of the manual tutorial 3 describes in a detailed manner an example of plx file reading IMPORTANT The plx files opened with Talren 4 menu File Open selecting the plx file extension can only be saved with the prj format 7 1 2 1 Geometry When reading a Plaxis file Talren 4 automatically creates vertical segments on the left and right boundariess of the model indeed these segments have been defined in Plaxis and are therefore read in Talren 4 like the others These segments are not necessary but they are no problem either The user can therefore keep or delete them at his convenience On the other hand the slope boundary is not a Plaxis datum it is therefore calculated in automatic mode when reading a Plaxis file in Talren 4 7 1 2 2 Soil properties The soil characteristics compatible between Talren 4 and Plaxis v8 in other words read by Talren 4 when opening a Plaxis v8 file are the following e Unit weight it is the unsaturated unit weight yunsat that is used in Talren 4 e Cohesion Cre value Be careful the possible linear cohesion variations with depth that can be defined with Plaxis v8 are not read by Talren 4 e Friction angle phi These 3 data are read for each layer defined in Plaxis v8 independently from the behaviour laws chosen in Plaxis v8 and other soil param
90. ge 55 Tr TERRASOL TALREN 4 B User manual The Add Delete Duplicate and Delete all buttons enable to add a new soil layer to delete the selected layer to duplicate the selected layer creation of a new layer with the same properties or to delete all project layers Finally the last button Display database enables to display the soils database Define soil characteristics x Mame Layer 2 Color E Y fs kiima Favorable T Anisotropy D c 20 kPa A E kPairni Cohesion Effective ip o o 3 Non linear curve Linear qs nails 29 kPa qs wizaral Specific partial safety factors for this layer D independently trom partial safety factors selected in conditions definition Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 55 soil characteristics dialogue box The data displayed for each soil layer are the following Name by default Talren 4 names each layer Layer i but these names can be changed 20 characters maximum Colour or pattern it can be selected in the colour palette or in the patterns list depending on the display option chosen for the soil layers painting section 3 3 2 3 To access the colour palette click on the coloured zone next to the Colour label Unit weight yand favourable checkbox it is the unit weight of the soil layer The favourable checkbox determines depending on whether it is activated or not the partial lo
91. ged for each stage and the ru coefficients are defined and therefore can be edited in the hydraulic conditions for each stage with a table enabling to define ru for each soil layer 7 1 1 8 Situations partial safety factors properties of stage 1 situation 1 or i The Coefficients TAL set is selected by default for the situation Section 7 1 1 1 7 1 1 9 Situations failure surfaces properties of stage 1 situation 1 or i There is no special comment about failure surfaces settings In the case of polygonal failure surfaces one single failure surface can be defined for each situation Talren 4 therefore creates as many situations as polygonal failure surfaces when reading a Talren 97 file 7 1 2 Reading plx files saved with Plaxis v8 Talren 4 enables to read Plaxis files created with Plaxis v8 but not previous files created with previous versions of Plaxis or with other Plaxis products These files have the plx extension be careful the plaxis v7 files also have the plx extension but can not be loaded with Talren 4 IMPORTANT the Plaxis files for a given project include a project plx file and a project DTA directory which itself includes a copy of the project plx file To open the project with Talren 4 you should select the project plx file that is outside the project DTA directory and not the one inside this directory The data imported when opening a Plaxis data file are the following e Project limits
92. haracteristics dialogue box in the Selection mode click with the right mouse button on a soil cluster then choose Edit in the pop up menu The window of Figure 59 is displayed and it is possible to select which layer you want to assign to the soil cluster Talren 4 proposes the list of available soil layers for the current project x apil layer Figure 59 properties of a soil cluster choice of a soil characteristics set IMPORTANT The Substratum set in the list is created automatically for each project and if it is assigned to some soil clusters when running the calculation Talren 4 will automatically consider that failure surfaces shouldn t enter these substratum soil clusters This Substratum set can be selected for one or several soil cluster s but its properties cannot be changed anyway failure surfaces cannot go through substratum clusters and therefore there is no need for substratum properties Substratum is the default set assigned to all new clusters section 4 3 1 1 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 58 TALREN 4 Tr Tan B User manual Specific case 1 cohesion anisotro To define a cohesion anisotropy the Anisotropy checkbox should be activated The requested data are then different Figure 60 Define soil characteristics x Name Layer 3 Color I Y 20 kNim3 Favorable T Anisotropy M Cohesion Effective Anisotropy curve Anisotropy wizaral g 36
93. he situation is created it is possible to change its settings section 5 2 5 It is possible to the change the name of a situation either with the pop up menu right click on the situation label option Rename or with a first click on the situation label to select it and a 2 click to change this label After changing the name the number of the situation will be added automatically to the new name 5 2 3 Duplicating a set of conditions The option Duplicate the selected set of conditions of the Stages and conditions menu enables to create a new set of conditions in the same stage added in the last position for the active stage with the same settings as the duplicated situation This operation is also possible with a right click on the situation to duplicate and the choice Duplicate the selected set of conditions in the pop up menu Once the situation created it is possible to change its settings section 5 2 5 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 88 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual 5 2 4 Copy paste a situation The Copy option is accessible by a right click on the situation to be copied After this operation the Paste option in the same pop up menu is activated it is possible to paste the copied situation either in the same stage or in a different stage in any case the pasted situation is added in last position for the selected stage and has the same settings as the copied
94. ic conditions o Active slope boundary o List of active loads o List of active reinforcements e Data for the situation o Calculation method Partial safety factors Seismic conditions Description of the failure surfaces Summarised results are also printed if available minimum safety factor and description of the critical failure surface O O O 6 4 Detailed results 6 4 1 Detailed results for failure surfaces This option is available only in the Stages Calculations mode if results are available The printed document includes the same table as in the corresponding dialogue box section 5 3 4 6 4 2 Results relative to reinforcements This option is available only in the Stages Calculations mode if results are available The printed document includes the same table as in the corresponding dialogue box section 5 3 5 6 4 3 Results detailed by slices This option is available only in the Stages Calculations mode if results are available The printed document includes the same table as in the corresponding dialogue box section 5 3 6 the printed table is the one corresponding to the critical failure surface Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 108 TALREN 4 Tr Tana B User manual 6 5 Printer settings When first printing in each Talren 4 session the following dialogue box appears automatically after validation of the dialogue box represented on Figure 119 When printing again i
95. iffusion angle 20 0 5 Tensionfshear rule Prorata legnthiqrout qs anchors trom Cures FEEC i Ras calculated from gs anda D ROS 1350 0 Kh ae Ea TR 800 0 kN Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK cancel Help Figure 48 reinforcements dialogue box tab 2 anchors The data displayed for each anchor are the following e Name by default Talren 4 names the reinforcements Anchor i but these names can be changed minimum 10 characters e X and Y coordinates m of the anchor head e Ungrouted length m e Grouted length m e Horizontal spacing m e Angle horizontal the default value is zero It is positive in the case illustrated on Figure 39 trigonometrical direction e Diffusion width m and diffusion angle please refer to the comments about nails section 4 5 3 1 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 50 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual e Tension shear rule 2 options are possible illustrated on Figure 49 o Proportional prorata length grout the pull out resistance is calculated using the ratio of the grouted length outside the failure surface compared to the total grouted length o Non proportional the total pull out resistance is taken into account if the failure surface intersects the anchor before the fictive anchoring point On the contrary the anchor is not taken into account at all if the failure
96. ill change the partial safety factor taken into account for the backfill weight By default the weighting factor is minorating Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 52 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual Calculation method for traction for strips one can consider 2 failure types because of a lack of adherence internal and external Indeed strip heads are not always anchored and the failure can then occur on either side of the failure surface Talren can Figure 51 o compare lin and I lengths and calculate the minimum minilint lex this corresponds to the internal external choice o or consider only the external length if the strip head is anchored in the case of paraweb or reinforced earth for example this corresponds to the external choice default choice CC E loxt Figure 51 traction calculation Uo and u unit soil strip friction at groundlevel and at depth gt 6 m The values of the up and u parameters are given in the reinforcement specific documentations They are also defined in the standards and recommendations concerning this type of reinforcements as for example the XP P 94 220 0 french standard or the french document Recommandations pour l emploi des g otextiles dans le renforcement des ouvrages en terre oO P 0 Friction coefficient 20 kPa Vertical Stress Fy KP at Figure 52 soil strip interaction IMPORTANT For geotextiles forming con
97. ion Remove the selected set of conditions of the Stages and conditions menu enables to delete the active situation The software will request a confirmation before actually deleting the situation This operation is also possible with a right click on the situation label option Remove the selected set of conditions in the pop up menu The removal of a situation leads to the removal of all data directly attached to it But situations are independent from each other and deleting a situation has no influence on the other situations The numbers of the situations following the one that was just deleted are automatically shifted Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 96 TALREN 4 A TERIA B User manual 5 3 Calculation and results display 5 3 1 Calculation 3 options are available to perform calculations e Calculate the selected set of conditions Calculation and results menu or button e Calculate all conditions of the selected stage Calculation and results menu or ey button e Calculation all Calculations and result menu or ka button During the calculations a window Figure 106 indicates the progression of the requested operations A gauge in the status bar W displays the progress of the calculation itself for each situation Calculation Preparing calculation Stage 1 Auto wall 1 Calculation Reading results Hail 1 At least partially out of slope bo
98. ion from the left to the right to determine whether vertical lines are upwards or downwards For upwards vertical lines the program will automatically define the user doesn t have to care about that a shift in X with 2 cm between the bottom and top points of the segment for calculation only 4 4 Loads IMPORTANT e A distributed load should not be defined over several segments Figure 33 Each distributed load must be included in one single segment A load should be divided into several loads one per segment if necessary e Distributed loads must be defined on the slope boundary neither above nor below e Itis not necessary to define geometrical points at the extremities of distributed loads Load over 2 segments incorrect warning when calculating After correction 2 loads one on each segment Figure 33 case of loads covering several segments Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 37 TALREN 4 y A TERRASOL B User manual 4 4 1 Defining loads with the mouse 4 4 1 1 Drawing distributed loads with the mouse You should first click on the x button of the toolbar then click with the left mouse button on two successive points of the drawing to define the base segment for the load or type in the coordinates of the two points with the keyboard in the edition cell that appears in the status bar refer to section 4 3 1 1 The load is then created between the two points with a default ver
99. ion methods are available Fellenius Bishop Perturbations and yield design calculation If the user chooses perturbations method an additional parameter appears the exponent for tan a that can be equal either to 1 default value or 2 refer to technical manual for additional information about this parameter 4 3 Geometry The geometry includes e The initial slope boundary groundlevel e The soil layer limits e The geometrical limits necessary for the definition of each contruction stage excavation or embankment levels limits for a soil reinforcement etc 4 3 1 Drawing the geometry with the mouse 4 3 1 1 Drawing The vA button drawing of geometrical lines enables to activate the drawing mode the corresponding option of the Data menu does not activate the drawing mode but opens a dialogue box containing tables with all points and segments refer to beginning of section 4 2 different methods are then possible and can be combined at any moment The user can e Either click on the first point of the geometry to draw using the horizontal and vertical rulers and the mouse coordinates displayed in the status bar then move the mouse without releasing the button to a 2 point When the button of the mouse is released the 2 point and the segment between both are created To define points without connecting them with segments simply click on the points and release the mouse button after each click IMPORTANT B
100. l be then selected for the properties of the current situation Page 64 Tr TERRASOL TALREN 4 B User manual 4 7 2 3 Detail of partial safety factors Each set of partial factors includes the following values I min lai Losna ab Losna es L osan ab L gsan es Vgsstrip J pl I anail L aane l astrip Ipp Laz minimum safety factor to reach as a result to ensure stability this value is only provided for information it is not used in calculations load factor for the soil unit weight if this one is considered as unfavourable section 4 6 load factor for the soil unit weight if this one is considered as favourable section 4 6 partial safety factor for tan partial safety factor for effective cohesion section 4 6 partial safety factor for undrained cohesion section 4 6 load factor applied for loads partial safety factor for Q Snais from curves or directly for the value of the nails pull out resistance when Rsc value is provided directly section 4 5 3 1 partial safety factor for GSnais from tests or directly for the value of the nails pull out resistance when Rsc value is provided directly section 4 5 3 1 partial safety factor for QSanchors from curves or directly for the value of the anchors pull out resistance when RQS value is provided directly section 4 5 3 2 partial safety factor for GSanchors from tests or directly for the value of the anchors pul
101. l calculated circles display can take a long time in this case When you select a line in the left list the corresponding failure surface is displayed with a bold line on the graphical view The columns of the table on the right part of the dialogue box have the following meaning e Slice N incremental numbering e DL m slice width e xX m abscissa of the slice axis e Y m level of the slice bottom for X position e A rad angle of the slice base compared to the horizontal line e GH force unit slice weight ml e YGS level of the slice gravity centre e S number of the active soil layer at point X Y e u pressure unit pore pressure at point X Y e UNE pressure unit hydrostatic pressure above the slope boundary in case of an external water level e RDS pressure unit supplement of normal stress due to reinforcements calculated in X Y e SIG TOTAL pressure unit total normal stress calculated in X Y e TAU pressure unit shear stress along the failure surface calculated in X Y Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 105 TALREN 4 T a B User manual Slices results 40 190 55 45 8 61 163 33 J 4 165 08 EENE 164 34 aean e a 3 0 3 8 25 162 68 1o 203 feses fi o f o o f sss ar 4 03 81 162 42 1 05 25 7 1636411 0o O o 1097 6 0 3 7 95 162 16 1 04 31 1 1634 1 0o o o 1337 6 03 7 8 161 91 104 365 1632 1 O 0 347 19 27 I
102. l file includes the same partial safety factors for all layers it is possible to deactivate the use of specific partial safety factors for each layer and to use for all situations the factor set created automatically Coefficients TAL or even another predefined set if relevant or necessary When reading a tal file e The cohesion type is set to Effective for all layers e The action of the soil weight is considered to be unfavourable for all layers e Inthe specific factors for each layer the partial factors for the cohesion and the soil weight are identical to those that were defined for each layer in Talren 97 e In the specific Coefficients TAL set generated for the project the values of the safety factors for c and c are the same This way Talren 4 will provide the same results as Talren 97 IMPORTANT in the case where you change the safety factors set and choose for example a Clouterre set you should make sure to select the right cohesion type for each layer effective or undrained this choice will decide which safety factor will be applied In the same way you should check if the soil weight is an unfavourable action default choice or not Also refer to section 4 7 2 3 for the description of the partial safety factors 7 1 1 6 Definition of the construction stages When reading a tal file Talren 4 automatically creates a stage and a situation for this stage which corresponds to the calculation performed
103. l out resistance when RQS value is provided directly section 4 5 3 2 partial safety factor for the soil strip interaction parameters uo and 14 partial safety factor for the pl values partial safety factor for the nails tensile strength partial safety factor for the anchors tensile strength partial safety factor for the strips tensile strength partial safety factor for the struts compression strength partial safety factor for the calculation method Please refer to the technical manual chapter C of this manual section 6 for additional information about safety factors in Talren 4 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 65 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual 4 7 3 Soils database This wizard allows to select sets of predefined soil properties and to import them in the current project This wizard is provided empty It can be completed progressively in order to share soil properties between several Talren projects but on the same computer This wizard is accessible e From the soil characteristics dialogue box section 4 6 when clicking on the button Display database then replaced with the button Hide database a new list appears on the right hand side of the dialogue box Figure 67 This right part is the general soils database The usual list on the left can be considered as the local project soils database It includes the layers defined for the current project It
104. lated shear o Ica Cea calculated traction and shear According to the selected option the requested parameters are different gt If reinforcement mode is Tean Gimp Figure 41 it is necessary to provide the following data o Shear force varying along nail by default shear force is imposed with only one value checkbox deactivated But it is possible to define several values of shear force along the nail checkbox activated usually these values have been calculated first with a pile design software Rcis if checkbox Shear force varying along nail is deactivated single value of the nail shear force force unit Variable shear wizard if checkbox Shear force varying along nail is activated Figure 44 In this case refer to the end of this chapter for the definition of the variable shear force Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 46 TALREN 4 i TERRASOL B User manual Shear force varying talong naih M Variable shearforce Variable shear wizard Figure 44 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails when checkbox Shear force varying is activated o Traction calculation 2 options are available external pull out resistance is calculated on the part of the reinforcement which is outside the failure surface internal external pull out resistance is calculated as the minimal traction between the external and internal parts of the reinforcement with respect to the failure
105. le resistance lexternal Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 41 reinforcements dialogue box tab 1 nails Data displayed for each nail are as follows Name by default Talren 4 names nails Nail i but these names can be changed 10 characters maximum X and Y coordinates m for the nail head Length length of the nail m Horizontal spacing m Angle horizontal default value is zero It is positive in the case illustrated on Figure 39 trigonometrical direction Diffusion width m and diffusion angle 9 in general one can define for the diffusion width a value of 0 5 m for thin facings reinforced concrete for example For rigid walls example diaphragm walls one can choose 1 or 2 m The diffusion width can 4 EI 4 ng sti also be evaluated directly with 4 a 4 pee soil reaction In the case of a support plate the plate size can be used as diffusion width These advices are valid for all types of reinforcements On the other hand the diffusion width and diffusion angle parameters are not used with the yield design calculation method logarithmic spirals Input value of tensile strength TR this check box indicates whether the TR value tensile strength of the nail o Is directly input as a data force Figure 41 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 45 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual o or must be calculated based on the steel bar diameter
106. ll then be activated and or deactivated in the successive construction stages In the Data mode it is therefore necessary to define all the data necessary for the description of the whole project Those data are the following e General settings title units and water unit weight which is changed automatically depending on the units but can also be changed manually calculation method and partial safety factors to be used by default in the project etc Geometry slope boundaries limit of soil layers earthwork levels Soil layer properties all layers which will be used during the construction stages Loads all loads that will be activated during the construction stages Reinforcements all reinforcements that will be activated during the construction stages The way to define stage properties is detailed in the different following sections Generally definition or modification of most geometrical data is possible with the mouse buttons of the Data toolbar but the equivalent operations are also available through dialogue boxes accessible by the various items of the Data menu The user can therefore most often choose between various solutions to perform the same operation Elements properties should be input through dialogue boxes When validating dialogue boxes Talren 4 checks data and may produce error messages corrections must be then made before validating the dialogue box or warnings it is possible to contin
107. llowing functions New file Open an existing file save a file Print Zoom in a user defined window Zoom in Zoom out Copy to clipboard the selected element Screenshot Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 18 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual e General comments The buttons all have a legend which is displayed when the mouse is placed on each of them 3 2 4 Contextual toolbars The project data toolbar on the one hand and the Stages Calculations toolbar on the other hand are not displayed simultaneously The one displayed is the one corresponding to the active mode The buttons all have a legend which is displayed when the mouse is placed on each of them 3 2 4 1 Project data contextual toolbar This one is equivalent to the Project data menu i 4 T amaje Stagesicalcultion Figure 12 Project data toolbar The buttons hereabove correspond respectively to the following functions e Selection tool e General settings for the project e Drawing of geometrical lines e Drawing of loads distributed loads and linear loads moments e Drawing of reinforcements nails anchors strips and struts e Definition of soil properties dialogue box e Shifting to Stages calculations mode 3 2 4 2 Stages calculations contextual toolbar This one corresponds to the items of the Stages and conditions and Calculations and results menus ae al A Eal E a
108. m stage n 1 Active soil clusters n 1 Associated soil properties n 1 Active soil clusters n Active soil clusters n 1 Active loads n 1 Associated soil properties n Associated soil properties n 1 Active reinforcements n 1 Active reinforcements n Active reinforcements n 1 Hydraulic conditions n 1 Active loads n Active loads n 1 Hydraulic conditions n Hydraulic conditions n 1 including objects activated deactivated on previous stage n Activated objects n Activated objects n 1 activated objects n For example on figure 92 the nail n is still there after deleting stage n although it was previously activated in stage n that is deleted Figure 93 deleting stage n 5 2 Situations i e conditions Calculation situations or conditions enable to perform several different calculations for a same construction stage i e a same cross section different types of failure surfaces different partial safety factors calculation with and without seismic accelerations for example etc As opposed to stages the situations are not defined incrementally they are defined independently from one another and are simply numbered to enable the user to refer to them Situations do not correspond to a true physical evolution of the construction site but to different calculation assumptions or conditions Most possible actions relative to situations are accessi
109. m the graphical view select it with the mouse and press the Del key of the keyboard The comments are of course saved with the project file Refer to sections 3 3 2 6 and 5 2 5 5 5 1 5 Deleting a stage The option Delete the selected stage of the Stages and conditions menu enables to delete the selected stage The program will request a confirmation before really deleting the stage This operation is also possible with a right mouse click on the label of the stage to be deleted option Delete selected stage in the pop up menu Deleting a stage leads to deleting the actions and data attached to it activation deactivation of soil clusters loads and reinforcements attribution of soil properties hydraulic conditions The soil clusters loads or reinforcements are not deleted though and will still be available in the project Their activation deactivation is postponed from stage n deleted to the next stage This way stage n 1 renamed n and the following stages are not affected by the removal of stage n Let s take the example of a nail activated in phase n and therefore also active in phase n 1 This stage n is deleted The nail should still be active in stage n 1 renamed n and so must now be activated in this stage n 1 renamed n An example is shown on Figure 92 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 85 TALREN 4 i TERRASOL B User manual However hydraulic conditions and association o
110. ment for circle radius oso m Min abs for emergence 4 Min abs for emergence Search type Imposed passage point Search type PENPEM eGo devel M x fo o0 m v 6 50 m yI OK Cancel Help OK Cancel Help Figure 99 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces automatic search Soil layer Substratum The data requested in this dialogue box are the following e Number of intervals default value 10 this setting determines the accuracy of the automatic search number of explored directions number of tested distances for centres on each direction and number of radius increments for each centre Refer to section 2 1 3 and the technical manual for more information about the automatic search e Increment for circle radius m positive value of the radius increment With the automatic search Talren 4 automatically makes both a positive and negative incrementation increasing and decreasing the circles radius e Min abs for emergence XL m value of the abscissa beyond which the failure surfaces are not taken into account if these surfaces are completely on the left of the XL position The XL value enables in the case of complex slopes to avoid some undesired circles The position of the minimum abscissa for emergence is displayed a on the graphical view at the bottom with the symbol e Search type 2 choices are available Figure 99 imposed passage point and tangent to top o
111. ments on this screen enables to view the legend for the different columns of the table Figure 117 Forces in reinforcements circular Failure surfaces x Radiusi Name Lumi TR ITR clout 4 75 13015 2 cua kea 173 8 2 1 o o oO cous 6 07 166 32 2 1 o 0 0 30 190 48 73 Ps 190 95 40 190 55 45 Forces in reinforcements should be considered for all failure surfaces and are not always maximum forthe critical failure surface OK Help Legend for F values Legend for reinforcements Figure 116 detailed results forces in reinforcements Legend for reinforcements f X CRITERION FOR FORCES IN REINFORCEMENTS Criterion for TRACTION STEEL if ITR 1 SOIL MAIL INTERACTION if ITR 2 CRITERION FOR SHEAR Cong rigid inclusion if ICIS 1 Long flexible inclusion if ICIS 2 Short rigid inclusion if cls 3 Shot flexible inclusion if ICIS 4 TR criterion if Ils 5 SYMBOL FOR FORCES IH REINFORCEMENTS Internal or external side of the failure surface TRACTION CISAILLEMENT PTA 0 PEI 0 Mo calculated torce FTR 1 IPC 1 Calculation on prescirbed external part IPTR 2 IPCl 2 Calculation on external side mini internal external FTR 3 IPCl 3 Calculation on internal side rinifinternal external IPCl 4 Long inclusion on both sides IP 5 Prescribed shear Figure 117 legend for the reinforcements resul
112. n Define nodes and triangles Defining hydraulic conditions Hydraulic conditions gee maa 10mene E EEEE Define nodes and triangles Import Plaxis mesh Define an external phreatic line D ru for layers D Subdivisions for calculation E JRK Cancel Help Figure 84 definition of a triangular pore pressures mesh The dialogue box of Figure 85 then appears with 2 tabs Nodes and Triangles Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 79 TALREN 4 B User manual Define a triangular mesh of pore pressu xi feo hoo foo 2 30 33 19 00 0 0 3 6 25 12 60 o o 4 o oo 12 60 o o 5 ao o0 12 60 o o Bi o oo 10 00 25 0 fi 40 00 5 00 75 0 5 o oo 5 00 140 0 a faoon loo fron0 oo leo as o eo a i2 foo fem fan Add Delete Delete all Delete Mote possible selection on drawing Delete all OK Cancel Help OK Cancel Help Figure 85 definition of the pore pressures mesh points and triangles This window is similar to the Geometry dialogue box section 4 3 2 Add Delete and Delete all buttons enable for each tab to add a new point or triangle to delete the selected point or triangle or to delete all defined points and or triangles Be careful you delete all points then all triangles will be deleted too Note it is possible to define these points and triangles on the graphical view The data requested in the dialogue box are th
113. n please note that the automatic calculation option for the external groundwater level cannot be used in the case of hydraulic data defined along the failure surface the automatic calculation of the external groundwater level is correct only with the ohreatic level option Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 82 A TERRASOL TALREN 4 B User manual ru coefficients for soil layers refer to the technical manual for the meaning of this parameter this option can be used alone Figure 89 hydraulic conditions none or in addition to one of the types of hydraulic conditions described before In this last case combination of ru coefficients with another mode of definition of hydraulic conditions the rule applied for the calculation is the following o For each slice the calculation checks which soil layer is present at the bottom of the slice axis o If a value of ru different from zero has been defined for this layer the calculation of the pore pressure u at the bottom of the slice is based on ru coefficient refer to the technical manual o But if the value of ru defined for this layer is equal to zero then the calculation of the pore pressure at the bottom of the slice is based on the other mode of hydraulic conditions possibly defined phreatic level pressures along polygonal failure surfaces or triangular mesh It is therefore possible for example to take into account the ru coefficients inside
114. n and of all data and operations defined for these stages activation deactivation of soil clusters loads and of reinforcements association of soil properties hydraulic conditions Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 71 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual The phase inserted at position n is generated to be identical to the stage before which it is inserted the one which becomes number n 1 The shift of the numbers of the stages following the inserted stage and the numbering of the new stage are made automatically Data automatically generated for inserting stage n based on data of stage n 1 Active soil clusters n Zones de sol actives n 1 Before insertion t st Asscoiated soil properties n Associated soil properties n 1 After insertion 9 Active loads n Active loads n 1 Active reinforcements n Active reinforcements n 7 Hydraulic conditions n Hydraulic conditions n 1 User defined changes for stage n no activation deactivation generated by default Stage n 1 Stage n Stage n 1 Stage n 1 Data defined in stage n 1 Data in stage n 1 data shifted from stage n Same behviour for following stages Active soil clusters n 1 Associated soil properties n 1 Active soil clusters n 1 Active soil clusters n Active loads n 1 Associated soil properties n 1 Associated soil properties n Active reinforcements n 1 Active load
115. n the same Talren 4 session this dialogue box does no longer appear automatically but it can be displayed manually click on the Setup button Figure 119 Service d impression Mom SERVEURIRICOH Aficio CLS000 RPS oF Propri t s Etat Accepterles taches Type Info T Imprimer dans un fichier Copies Etendue d impression Tout Nombre de copies E Boe ho Pour hoo D Interclasser Imprimer Annuler Figure 120 printer settings This dialogue box enables to setup the printer settings according to the Windows environment Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 109 3 TALREN 4 Tr tea B User manual 7 FILES HANDLED BY TALREN 4 7 1 Files that can be opened saved with TALREN 4 The file format associated with Talren 4 is prj With Talren 4 it is therefore possible to save and open prj files It is also possible to open load e _ tal files saved with Talren 97 previous version of the Talren software e plx files saved with Plaxis v8 Select the relevant file extension type in the open dialogue box example Figure 121 Look in Examples tal E m fe example tal exampl 4e tal sil example tal exarmp 56 tal My Recent D exampOse tal H examprl Ge tal E E example tal examp retal example tal example tal Desktop exampObe tal examp Se tal a example tal Ej examp20e tal example tal example 6 tal hy Documents exampOde tal k4 examp22e tal
116. neeaeunpsatenenesandseeeceaencer ast 97 5 3 2 Default output display scsbes sivas tsaciveaetrantvaebvestinctvintnachusDrreibie dives teitiavedeverssinreeasnieaids 98 5 3 3 Settings for the graphical output display ccccccccsseeeeseecceeeessseeeseeceseesassaeseseeessssaeeees 99 5 3 4 Detailed results for failure surfaces c ccscccccccsseeeeecessneeeeeessaaeeseessaueesesssauseeesssaaes 101 5 3 5 Forces IN reinforcements ccccccsseecccnscseccnscnececsacsecenauseenseseessausecesausesensuuesensanesensans 103 5 3 6 Detailed results fOr SICOS cccccccccssssseeeccnsceeccsssueseecssaaueeecsnsauseseessausesessaaaesssesssaaes 105 6 PRINTING enine AE E EAE E EE 107 Ole PROTO TDA A mee EE E OE AE ENEE EN EE 107 6 2 GRAPHICAL SUMMARY aseostudiisenireine n ect acta E R E T ene adaneecneetaceee 107 6 3 DATA FOR STAGES AND SITUATIONG 2 cccccccccssseeeeceecccccesseeeeceesecasenneeeeeseecosseeneeeeessecossseseeess 108 6 4 DETAILED RESULTS c cssssseeeecccceeeassseeeeeeeceeeaaseeeeecseeeaasaeeeeeeseeeeausaeeeeeeeesesaaseeeeeesseeaassseeeeess 108 6 4 1 Detailed results for failure surfaces cccccccccecccnecceceueceueceueceueceueceueseeusessnessneueneeanes 108 6 4 2 Results relative to reinforcements cccccccceccsccceccsecseceececsuceseceeesecseeenesseeeneusnsaneanass 108 6 4 3 Results detailed by SICOS cccccsscscccccssseececsnsusseeccsaaeseecssaausecessauceeesssausesessaaannssesaas 108 6o PRINTER GET
117. nt to the Talren 97 file although the same load factor will be used for all loads 7 1 1 4 Reinforcements There is no special comment about reinforcements reading except for the nails and anchors For the nail data Talren 4 needs to know whether the unitary skin friction Snails IS issued from tests and curves This datum did not exist in Talren 97 It enables to choose the relevant partial safety factor in the Clouterre recommendations for example the partial safety factor for GSnais IS NOt the same whether qs is known from tests or curves When reading a tal file e This datum is set to Curves default value e In the specific Coefficients TAL set generated for the project section 7 1 1 1 the values of the safety factors for GSnails curves ANA Snails tests are set to the same value In this way the Talren 4 calculations will give the same results as the Talren 97 calculations IMPORTANT if you later change the set of safety factors and choose for example a Clouterre set you should make sure to select for each nail whether the qs value is issued from curves or tests so that when calculating the relevant safety factor is applied also refer to section 4 7 2 3 for the description of the partial safety factors The same comments apply to anchors about GSanchors 7 1 1 5 Soil properties The important point to underline here is the use of specific partial safety factors when reading tal files Indeed Talren 9
118. ntrary must pass in this layer Condition n 2 same type of data as for condition 1 Combination mode it is possible to combine both conditions with or or and Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 94 TALREN 4 A TERRIA B User manual x Calculation method for this situation Bishop Saving slice results For critical failure surface only r Safety factors for this situation Clouterre Fondamental Ouvrage courant modifi r Safety factors wizard Seismic characteristics Failure surfaces Circular surfaces gt Search type Manua gt Circular failure surface manual mode Define failure surfaces Murmber of slices iso Impose passage conditions for soil layers Soil characteristics set Layer gt Passage condition Must passin Soil characteristics set Layer gt Passage condition DMATECEEM Combination of criteria land r JK Cancel Help Figure 104 conditions dialogue box impose passage conditions IMPORTANT if the substratum properties are assigned to some soil clusters Talren 4 will automatically consider that the failure surfaces must pass out of these clusters this condition is automatically defined and it is combined with the additional conditions defined by the user here 5 2 5 5 Situation comments It is possible to define comments specific to each situation text zones that will appear on the graphical view in Stages calculations mode depending
119. o select view edit add sets of partial factors whereas in the Stages calculations mode it is only possible to select and view them no edition allowed e From the General settings dialogue box section 4 2 the user selects which safety factors set will be used as a default choice for calculations among the list of sets in the local database this local list is empty at first wnen creating a new Talren file Default calculation method forthe project Bishop Default safety factors Slouterre fondamentalicourant Safety factors wizard A button enables to display the wizard in a separate window Figure 66 The list displayed on the right corresponds to the general database that is shared between all Talren projects on a computer The list on the left corresponds to the local project database and includes the sets that are used for the current project It is possible to transfer sets from a database to the other in both 2 directions provided no other set with the same name already exists in the destination list For example on Figure 77 to transfer a set of safety factors from the global database to the local database select the set of factors in the global list on the right 1 and click on the button Transfer to current project 2 The set that was last transferred is selected by default framed in red in the left list Fill in the missing values for the selected set if necessary 3 Then validate with OK 4 In a
120. omatically generated one must define at Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 69 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual least one stage to be able to make a calculation It is therefore not necessary to add or insert this first stage The user can then e Either keep to this single stage which corresponds for example to the permanent stage of the project e Define add insert many successive stages the numbers of the phases are defined automatically by the software when creating each phase Table 2 provides an example of a succession of construction stages Summary of the elements taken into account for the display and calculation of this stage Settings associated to each stage Initial groundlevel Nails n 1 2et3 Load n 1 no calculation allowed in data mode Project data GL 1 deactivation of soil clusters excavation Hydraulic conditions stage 1 Activation of nail level n 1 Activation of load n 1 GL 2 deactivation of additional soil clusters excavation Hydraulic conditions stage 2 Activation of the nail level n 2 GL 3 deactivation of additional soil clusters excavation Hydraulic conditions stage 3 Activation of the nail level n 3 Deactivation of load n 1 GL 4 deactivation of additional soil clusters excavation Hydraulic conditions stage 4 Deactivation of nail n 1 GL 1 Hydraulic conditions 1 Nail n 1 Load n 1 GL2 Hydraulic conditions 2 Nails n
121. on the selected situation This option is accessible when a situation is selected through the Stages and conditions menu option Comments for the selected conditions or with a right mouse click on the situation and then the same option in the pop up menu It enables to define or modify any number of comments for the selected situation Comments related to selected situati X Comments h comments situation 2 al Delete all OK Cancel Help Figure 105 dialogue box for situation comments Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 95 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual To add a new situation comment click on the Add button then define the comment text on the new line in the table To change an existing comment click on the corresponding line and change the text The Delete and Delete all buttons enable to delete one or all comments for the active situation After validating the dialogue box the comments appear in green font on the graphical view The user can move these comments with the mouse click with the left mouse button on a situation comment move the mouse and release the mouse button It is also possible to delete a comment from the graphical view select it with the mouse and press the Del key of the keyboard The comments are of course saved with the project file Refer to sections 3 3 2 6 and 5 1 4 6 5 2 6 Removing a situation The opt
122. onantiosvnss 110 Figure 122 partial factor set Coefficients TAL ccccccsseseccseeeeceeseeseeesesseeesseueeeseaeeenes 111 Figure 123 definition of the slope boundary c cceccccseececeeeeeeeseeeecseeeeeeeaeeeeaeeeessaeeeesaaeees 112 Figure 124 specific case of Talren 97 file reading ssesssssennnsnsrnesenrnrrerrrrrnsrrrrssnnrrssrnnren 112 Figure 125 soil characteristics and specific partial safety faCtOrs cccccccceeeesseeeeneeeenees 114 Figure 126 warning displayed when reading a Plaxis V8 fil ccccccecseseeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeaeeees 116 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 reinforcement types in Talren 4 ccccccccsseeccsseeecseeeeceececseueeesseseesegeeesseeeessaeeenes 42 Table 2 example Of construction STAGES cccseecccsseeeeceeeeeceeececseeeeeseeeessaeeessuesesseneeesageeeeas 70 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 6 TALREN 4 Manual I Tana B User manual 1 INTRODUCTION TALREN 4 is a major evolution compared to previous versions of TALREN and notably compared to TALREN 97 TALREN 4 is a new user friendly software running under Windows and TALREN 97 users as well as new users of TALREN will find it very easy to use The main characteristics of TALREN 4 are presented in chapter 2 The detail of available functionalities is then presented in the following chapters We draw the attention of the reader particularly to the paragraphs designated by IMPO
123. onditions after potential user defined changes for stage n Figure 72 definition of successive stages Figure 72 illustrates what happens when defining a stage e Hydraulic conditions are defined and stored independently for each stage even if they are identical to those of the previous stage it is the case by default e Association of soil properties with soil clusters is defined and stored independently for each stage even if it is identical to the one of the previous stage it is the case by default e Other elements soil clusters loads and reinforcements are just activated or deactivated but their properties are stored with general data lt is possible to change the name of the new stage either with the pop up menu right click on the stage label and Rename item from the pop up menu or with a first click on the stage label to select it and then a 2 click to change this label After changing the name the number of the stage will automatically be added to the new name 5 1 3 Inserting a new stage The Insert a new stage item of the Stages and conditions menu enables to create a new stage and to insert it before the selected stage This operation is also possible with a right click on the label of the stage before which the new stage should be inserted Insert a new stage in the pop up menu The insertion of a stage at position n leads to an automatic shifting of all stages from the potition
124. ons of the Calculations and results menu or with one of the 3 calculation buttons of the contextual toolbar e View the different output types either on the graphical display or in the detailed tables Please refer to chapter D to learn more about the practical use of Talren 4 detailed application examples Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 14 TALREN 4 Manual Tr TERRASOL B User manual 3 THE VARIOUS OPTIONS TO USE THE INTERFACE 3 1 The different zones on the screen The different zones of the TALREN 4 interface are the following e The main menu completed by the pop up menu e The general toolbar and the contextual toolbar e The explorer for stages and conditions visible only in Stages Calculations mode e The graphical view e The status bar e The dialogue boxes These different objects are described in the following chapters TALREN 4 1 15d C Program Files TALREN 4 Exemples Tutoriaux tutoriall prj lej x File Edit view Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help Vain menu ol ala Slale e2 Wi Proect data B Toolbars 7 F z 7 50 40 30 20 Phase 1 s a re Situation 1 Situation 2 _ Phase 2 4 __ Phase 3 aclouterre fond Clouterre acc 2 Traditionnel 3 Explorer for stages and E conditions i 20 30 Calculation method Bishop Set of partial safety factors Clouterre fondament
125. ormat Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 110 TALREN 4 7 i Tana B User manual 7 1 1 1 General settings The titles comments and units are those defined in the tal file The dimensions of the model Xmin Xmax and Ymax are automatically initialised when reading the geometry of the tal file Default calculation method and partial factor sets are also initialised based on the tal data For each tal file a special set of partial safety factors called Coefficients TAL is automatically created in the local project database it is filled with the partial factors defined in the tal file example on Figure 122 Also refer to sections 7 1 1 3 7 1 1 4 and 7 1 1 5 for specific aspects about partial safety factors 4 Define partial safety factors oefficients TAL Clouterre Fondamental Ouvrag ols Sl mo n phi m g DTT gasna ab asna es Fasan ab osan es Passtrip THAT anail aant Delete Tastrip oa Duplicate s3 125 Cancel Help Figure 122 partial factor set Coefficients TAL Display database o ok Cancel 7 1 1 2 Geometry When reading tal files the slope boundary is never set to automatic because Talren 4 displays the user defined Talren 97 slope boundary Except for specific cases slope boundary on purpose different from groundlevel it is recommended to activate the automatic slope boundary
126. other position When the load is moved the geometry segments or points are not moved at the same time 4 4 1 6 Deleting loads After selecting one or several loads it is possible to delete them by pressing the Del key or by clicking with the right mouse button and selecting Delete in the pop up menu 4 4 1 7 Display and modification of the properties of a load It is possible to display the properties of a load either by double clicking it or after selecting the element by clicking on the right mouse button and selecting Edit in the pop up menu The display of properties consists in the display of a dialogue box similar to the loads dialogue box but with the properties of the selected load only It is then possible to change the load properties and to validate them The graphical display is updated if necessary Distributed loads X 4 Name Ld 1 lett i 00 00 aa Y lett fi 63 33 aa q lett kPa x right 2 90 m Y right 163 33 mi q right E kPa OK Annuler Figure 36 properties of a distributed load 4 4 2 Loads dialogue box This dialogue box is accessible through the Project data menu Loads option It includes 2 tabs Distributed Loads Linear loads and moments It allows to view and edit load properties For each tab the list on the left makes it possible to view and select project loads In addition for each tab the buttons Add Delete Duplicate and Delete
127. pendence 4 5 2 5 Deleting reinforcements After selecting one or more reinforcements it is possible to delete them by pressing the Del key or by right clicking and choosing the delete option of the menu 4 5 2 6 Display and modification of the properties of a reinforcement It is possible to display the properties of a reinforcement either by double clicking it or after selecting it by right clicking and selecting Edit in the pop up menu The display of the Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 43 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual reinforcement properties consists in the display of a dialogue box similar to the reinforcements dialogue box but specific to the selected reinforcement It is then possible to view and edit the reinforcement properties and to validate them The graphical view is updated if necessary SSS LULU x 7 Mame Pan o 0 00 A ooo m Y 167 25 m Length foo m Horizontal spacing 250 mi Andglefhorizontal ho i width of diffusion base 200 m Difusion angle 20 0 2 Inputvalue oftensile strength M TR 308 0 kil qs nails from Cures Rsc calculated from gs M Eguivalent radius 0 047 m Tension shear rule Teal Cimp Shear force varying along naih D Imposed shear force Reis o o kiN Calculation method for tensile resistance external i Annuler Figure 40 properties of a nail 4 5 3 Reinforcements dialogue
128. points are not in the right order they are automatically reversed during the validation of the dialogue box a warning is displayed about that In the case of loads applied onto vertical lines in the case of the yield design calculation method the order of both end points is indifferent Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 40 TALREN 4 A TERRASOL B User manual 4 4 2 2 Linear loads moments Defining loads x Distributed load Linear loads and momenta LL 1 a Mame ut 1 40 iTi Y2 75 m d 100 0 kh Angthorizontal 0 Width of difusion base f1 00 mM Diffusion angle 20 0 i M j 375 k m Delete Duplicate Delete all OK Cancel Help Figure 38 loads dialogue box Tab 2 linear loads moments The data displayed for linear loads and or moments are as follows e Name by default Talren 4 names these loads SI i but these names can be changed 10 characters maximum e xX and Y coordinates m of the point of application of the load e Q value of the load in this point force ml e Ang horizontal inclination of the load in degrees compared to the horizontal line positive in the trigonometrical direction by default linear loads are vertical and directed downwards 90 e Width of the base of diffusion m and diffusion angle 9 these 2 parameters possibly enable to take the load into account as a fictitious anchor refer to technical manual e M value
129. posed shear force Reis foo kN Delete Duplicate Delete all Calculation method for tensile resistance external Hide database i Cancel Help Figure 69 reinforcements dialogue box general reinforcements database e with the Reinforcements database item of the Options menu this option directly activates the wizard in a separate window Figure 70 and enables to view only the reinforcements stored in the global database Reinforcements database l g Iv Export Name Equivalent radius m bar m Plastification moment kN m Nail 3 0 052 0 025 500000 0 052 500000 ox Her Figure 70 reinforcements database Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 68 TALREN 4 i tea B User manual 5 STAGES CALCULATIONS MODE Also refer to section 2 1 2 for a general introduction about stages and conditions Stage n 1 1st excavation Conditions n 1 Conditions n 2 Clouterre temporary Traditional Stage n i excavation Conditions n 1 Clouterre temporary Permanent stage Conditions n 1 Conditions n 2 Clouterre fund Clouterre acc seismic Figure 71 stages and conditions situations Important A calculation should be performed for each individual situation of each construction stage The calculation for each situation of each stage is independent from the calculations for the
130. possible signs combinations to check which combination is the most unfavourable e The horizontal acceleration is taken into account only for the soils and the internal ohreatic level e The vertical acceleration is applied to the soils the linear and distributed loads and both the external and internal water levels 5 2 5 4 Failure surfaces They can be circular manual or automatic search polygonal or logarithmic spirals The requested data depend on the search type and are described for each case hereunder e Circular failure surfaces manual mode Circular surfaces choice and Manual search type Figure 95 When clicking on the button Define failure surfaces the dialogue box of Figure 96 is displayed Xoo m Yizo mN Distance between 2 centres X fi 00 m Distance between 2 centres Y f 00 m E hy E Angle horizontal bo s Anglelvertical loo z earch type AUE intercepting slope Number of centres X fe Number of centres Y ls 10 Increment for circle radius 0 50 m Number of increments for circle radius Min abs for emergence 1 search type f angent to top of layer Search type imposed passage point Sail layer Layer x fo o0 m y 6 50 m X OK Cancel Help Figure 96 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces manual search x The manual grid for the circles centres should be defined For each centre several circles may be calculated using different radius values
131. rawing session It is independent However the second point of the new drawing session will be connected to the first point of the new drawing session and so on a new polyline is created until it is interrupted by the right button of the mouse or by the Esc key of the keyboard Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 33 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual If a point is drawn on an existing point the software does not create the new point but it connects the already existing point to the previous point with a segment except if this point is the first of the drawing session and to the next point except if this point is the last In the same way if two segments overlap each other the software only saves the first segment created However if the extremities of the segments are not the same all distinct points are created lf a point is drawn on an existing segment a new point is created and connected to both extremities of the existing segment Finally if a segment intersects an existing segment a point is automatically generated at the intersection and connected to the extremities of both segments that intersect Advices and complementary drawing tips e First of all to facilitate the drawing with the mouse it is recommended to activate the grid display and hooking To do so click on the View menu and select the Grid option section 3 3 2 2 The grid spacing can be set choose 0 25 or 0 5 m for exampl
132. re 68 and makes it possible to view only the characteristics sets defined in the global database Export Name y kNim3 Anisotropy Non linear curve Cohesion cf kPa ActkPa m qs nails kPa gs nails from qs anchors kPa a pi kPa KsBckPa Sand i Linear Effective OO Cuwes D a O Linear Effective 0 0 Curves 0 0 OK Help Figure 68 soils database 4 7 4 Reinforcements database This wizard allows to select sets of predefined reinforcements and to import them in the Current project This wizard is provided empty It can be completed progressively in order to share reinforcements properties between several Talren projects but on the same computer This wizard is accessible e From the reinforcements dialogue box when clicking on the button Display database then replaced with the button Hide database a new list appears on the right side of the window Figure 80 It is the general reinforcements database that is shared between all projects on the same computer The usual list on the left can be considered as the local project reinforcements database It includes the reinforcements defined for the current project It is possible to transfer reinforcements from a database to the other in both directions provided that no set with the same name already exists in the destination list For example to transfer a reinforcement from the global database to the loc
133. re generated by Talren 4 for each calculation situation e n prr or c prr file result file in XML format that contains all the available results for a situation if they exist This file is created in the same directory as the project file It has the same name as the prj file with the stage and situation number added at the end For example the result file for situation 2 of stage 1 of the project prj file will be named project12 c prr The c notation indicates that the file actually contains up to date results whereas the n notation indicates that it is not the case When sending a Talren 4 project to another user the files to be sent are o The prj file which contains all the data o The c prr file optional result file Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 117 Tr TERRASOL TALREN 4 B User manual 7 2 3 Temporary files Talren 4 handles additional file types linked to the calculation data and results You don t have to know these files They are however listed here ta2 file text file necessary to the calculation module generated by the user interface when the user asks for a calculation This file is created for each calculated situation The ta2 filename is composed of the prj file name followed by the number of the stage and the number of the situation For example when calculating situation 3 of stage 2 of the example prj file the ta2 file is named example23 ta2 This file is created
134. rj exempi6f prj Fie Edit View Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help ole S 2 2 fit Project asta CH 2 2 E 3e 25 20 1 10 5 0 1 1 20 d 199 104 100 113 120 4 1 i al 108 101 1 13 1 1 143 x 15 7 1 186 113 120 130 a fil ii D 1 1 7 104 110 114 124 136 10 31 2 ar Figure 110 display of circles corresponding to a given range of safety factor values Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 100 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual File Edit View Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help ijra Ca gt Ej ja x 20 a2 18 AA Chou i U cis o SHUS Tos o HRZ oso C 0 Calculation method Bishop Set of partial safety factors Clouterre tondamentalcourant Figure 111 display of colour shadings and reinforcements design criteria 5 3 4 Detailed results for failure surfaces The table of detailed results for failure surfaces can be displayed with the Calculation and results menu option Detailed output or with the button of the toolbar One of the tables illustrated in Figure 112 Figure 113 and Figure 114 is displayed By default o The green highlighted line corresponding to the critical failure surface is selected when opening the dialogue box o The table contains only the most critical failure surface obtained for ea
135. rties with soil clusters It is possible for each stage to modify the soil characteristic sets attributed to soil clusters to simulate a substitution or a soil improvement for example All the characteristic sets to be used must have been previously defined in the Data mode To change the soil properties assigned to a cluster the user can Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 72 TALREN 4 i tana B User manual o Either open the table of soil characteristics with the View menu option Table of soil characteristics It is then possible to drag amp drop soil properties to soil clusters o Or click with the right mouse button in the soil cluster for which he wants to change the soil properties choose Edit in the pop up menu the list of available layers is displayed Figure 74 SSS Sli xt 2 Soil layer Layer 1 f OK Se are Figure 74 modification of the soil properties for a soil cluster with the pop up menu IMPORTANT The substratum properties which appear in the list are created automatically for each project and if assigned to some soil clusters when calculating they automatically prevent failure surfaces from entering these substratum clusters These substratum properties can be selected but can never be viewed or changed anyway failure surfaces cannot go through this layer and there is therefore no need for substratum properties The substratum
136. ruary 2005 Page 16 A TERRASOL File New Open Save Save as Close Working directory Last file opened 1 Last file opened 2 Last file opened 3 Last file opened 4 Exit Edit View Cut Copy Paste Delete Rulers Grid Soil layers painting Point numbers Segment numbers Loads identification Reinforcements identification Background drawing General comments View all stages Table of soil characteristics Table of loads Table of reinforcements Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 TALREN 4 Manual B User manual Project data Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help General settings Geometry Loads Distributed loads Reinforcements Linear loads and l moments Soil characteristics Stages calculation Nails Anchors Strips Colors Struts Patterns None Loading picture Adjusting to scale Deleting picture Zoom in Zoom out Define scale Define a zoom with mouse View whole model Help topics Calculate the selected set of cond Calculate all conditions of the selected stage Calculate all Graphical display settings for output Detailed output Forces in reinforcements Slices results Partial safety factors Reinforcements database Soils database Reverse model Hydraulic conditions for selected stage Comments for selected stage Insert a new stage Add a new stage Remove selected stage Define selected set of conditions
137. s n 1 Active loads n Hydraulic conditions n 1 Active reinforcements n 1 Active reinforcements n Hydraulic conditions n 1 Hydraulic conditions n Figure 73 insertion of a stage at position n The user can then define changes for the new stage n section 5 1 4 It is possible to change the name of the new stage either with the pop up menu right click on the stage label and Rename item from the pop up menu or with a first click on the stage label to select it and then a 2 click to change this label After changing the name the number of the stage will automatically be added to the new name 5 1 4 Definition or modification of the stage properties The stage properties and the way to define them are presented hereafter 5 1 4 1 The slope geometry and boundary lt is possible in each stage to activate and or deactivate soil clusters in the model The geometrical limits of all soil clusters to be used have to be defined in the Data mode To activate deactivate a soil cluster the user can o Either click on the soil cluster to activate deactivate this soil cluster will be alternatively activated then deactivated etc o Or click with the right mouse button in the soil zone to activate deactivate to display the pop up menu and then choose the option Activate Deactivate The deactivated soil clusters are displayed with a white background 5 1 4 2 Association of soil prope
138. s when checkbox Input value of tensile strength is deactivated reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails when checkbox Rsc calculated from qs is deactivated reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails when checkbox Shear force varying is activated reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails with calculation mode Thu Cea reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails definition of variable shear force reinforcements dialogue box tab 2 anchors reinforcements dialogue box tab 2 anchors calculation options reinforcements dialogue box tab 3 strips strip 1 traction calculation soil strip interaction reinforcements dialogue box tab 3 strips strip 2 and more reinforcements dialogue box tab 4 struts soil characteristics dialogue box Ac cohesion variation with depth soil characteristics dialogue box pl and KsB soil characteristic dialogue box specific partial safety factors properties of a soil cluster choice of a soil characteristics Set 0 soil characteristics dialogue box cohesion anisotropy cohesion anisotropy soil characteristics dialogue box choice of a non linear shear strength non linear shear strength curve qs depending on pl extract from Clouterre recommendations 1991 predefined sets of partial safety factors partial Safety factors WIZAIC cccceececeeeceeeeecseeeeseeeeseeeeeseeeeaaeeesseeesseseeaaees soil characteristics dialogue box general soils database soils databas
139. s for the critical failure surface only recommended and default option save the detailed slice results for all calculated failure surfaces load and display times will increase or on the contrary save no detailed slice results at all Also refer to section 6 4 3 5 2 5 2 Partial safety factors A set of partial safety factors should be selected from the list of available sets i e the sets that are stored in the local project database refer to section 4 7 2 2 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 89 TALREN 4 A TERIA B User manual The partial safety factors wizard can be activated with the corresponding button to view the partial safety factors values but edition is not allowed because edition is possible only in the Data mode refer to section 4 7 2 2 The default set is the one selected in the project general settings if any section 4 2 5 2 5 3 Seismic data Seisms can be taken into account in TALREN 4 by the pseudo static method please refer to the technical manual for more information about the calculation method To use this option the Seismic characteristics checkbox should be activated Additional data will then be requested Figure 95 e a g no unit ratio horizontal acceleration gravity e a g no unit ratio vertical acceleration gravity IMPORTANT e These accelerations can be positive downwards or towards the right or negative It is generally advised to test the 4
140. s the current scale of the opened project When the dialogue box is closed the drawing is adjusted to the scale that was typed in Again scrollbars are displayed if necessary x Scale 1 eos OE Annuler Figure 21 defining a scale e Defining a zone with the mouse this option is available from the View menu and with the E button of the general toolbar It enables to draw the zone that should be zoomed in click on the left corner of the zone to zoom in then move the mouse and release the left button in the opposite corner of the zone to zoom in The scale is then adjusted to the zone that was defined always keeping the same scale in both directions Again scrollbars are displayed if necessary e View whole model this option is available from the View menu but also with the pop up menu in the graphical view It displays automatically the zoom level that allows to view the whole project It is the default option when opening a project It is possible to use different successive zoom options for example first zoom into a zone defined by the mouse then zoom out or define a scale The scale value always the same in both directions x and y is always displayed in the white bar at the bottom of the graphical view As indicated previously the default active option is View whole model When creating a new project the scale is initialised after the maximum and minimum x coordinates of the project ha
141. ser will be asked for a new filename the original file will not be altered This case is relevant when defining a dam with both sides 2 projects file should be created to analyse the stability of each side of the dam In all cases when running the calculations the sliding must happen towards the right 3 3 2 Display settings for the graphical view These general options can be reached with the View menu either in the Project Data mode or in the Stages calculations mode 3 3 2 1 Rulers This option activates or deactivates both rulers horizontal and vertical The rulers settings scale and position are calculated automatically depending on the current zoom level 3 3 2 2 Grid This option opens the dialogue box of Figure 16 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 21 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual xi 2 Display grid M Activate grid attraction M Grid spacing fo 50 mi H Annuler Figure 16 grid settings e lf display the grid is checked the grid will be displayed on the drawing with the indicated spacing e If activate grid attraction is checked the magnetism is activated and the mouse will move with the indicated spacing When drawing an element this element geometry point load reinforcements etc will be automatically connected to the closest grid point If this option is not activated however the elements will be drawn at the exact coordinates of each mouse cli
142. shear force is calculated as the minimal shear force between the external and internal parts of the reinforcement with respect to the failure surface Specific option definition of varying shear force along nail If calculation mode is Tean Cimp and the checkbox Shear force varying along nail is activated the button Variable shear wizard is displayed Figure 44 When selecting it a new dialogue box is opened Figure 47 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 48 Tr TERRASOL Yariable shear force Export 2 3 2 00 320 0 4 3 00 270 0 5 J4 00 220 0 6 5 00 f 40 0 T e no f 40 0 a 7 00 f 0 0 g e no 200 0 10 fa o0 500 0 11 h 0 00 0 0 Sl Figure 47 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails definition of variable shear force TALREN 4 B User manual A table with 11 lines should then be filled in The first column corresponds to the linear coordinate along the nail starting at the reinforcement head and the second to the value of the shear strength for each of these coordinates The table lines are automatically ordered by increasing coordinate Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 49 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual 4 5 3 2 Anchors x Nails Anchors Strips Struts Mame Anchort Ungrouted length 8 50 Grouted length 11 00 a Ss fa 2a a Horizontal spacing 13 00 Anglehorizontal 10 Width of diffusion base 1 00 D
143. stages is integrated in the program from initial conditions it is possible to define in the same file many successive construction stages each stage corresponding to a cross section of the project e Activation deactivation of soil elements loads or reinforcements e Modification of soil properties e Modification of hydraulic conditions lt is therefore not necessary to create several files to analyse the successive construction stages of a project Moreover it is possible to define many calculation conditions also called situations here for a same stage i e physical cross section The conditions properties include e Different calculation methods e Different partial safety factors e Different seismic conditions e Different failure surfaces It is therefore possible for a given calculation stage to check the stability of different types of failure surfaces different passage points for circular failure surfaces for example or to compare the fundamental situation with an accidental situation Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 8 TALREN 4 Manual A ean B User manual The tree organisation of stages and situations is illustrated with an example in Figure 1 Stage n 1 1st excavation Conditions n 1 Conditions n 2 Clouterre temporary Traditional Stage n i i excavation Conditions n 1 Clouterre temporary Permanent st
144. stances are not represented here Left model Le boundary Imposed passage point Number of radii Right model i boundary number of intervalss Figure 2 scan principle for the automatic search of the critical circle with imposed passage point for the first circle First scan Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 10 TALREN 4 Manual i TERSIN B User manual Minimum detected during first scan Number f directions number of intervals Zoom around the first minimum located during the first scan Number of distances number of intervals Number of radii number of intervals A Figure 3 scan principle for the automatic search of the critical circle with imposed passage point for the first circle Second scan zoom Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 11 TALREN 4 Manual B User manual IILI pe 120 269 I Fi 137 1 10 al 100 637 224 1 10 4 Z 540 132 a E 45 151 1 10 1 31 38e PEN 131 i tal lam E Bet see ra 7 cy ato yee dhe fs 60 4g 0 1044 0T z Ji pael 0E5111 z O45 2 Aue F 1051 11 29 a WEF SE Foe O4_1 11 z ea z LaS F BES z200 4 Ose lar T 40 564 LAA i BJ o o Set of partial safety factors Clouterre fondamentalfcourant Figure 4 example of an automatic search with imposed passage point display of all calculated circles Moreover in the case of a cal
145. surface If reinforcement mode is Tru Cca Figure 45 it is necessary to provide the following data Tension shear rule putt iene E Flastification moment fo k m El fo kM m2 Calculation method for shear resistance jinternaVexternal Figure 45 reinforcement dialogue box tab 1 nails with calculation mode Thu Cca o Plastification moment plastification moment for the reinforcement pure bending calculated from the usual equation M o 1 at the limit of the elastic domain which is a simplification o El unit consistent with KN m2 reinforcement rigidity It is possible to take into account the addition of the steel rigidity bars tube etc and of the grout or concrete rigidity o Shear calculation 2 options are available external shear force is calculated on the external part of the reinforcement with respect to the failure surface internal external shear force is calculated as the minimal shear force between the external and internal parts of the reinforcement with respect to the failure surface Note in the case Thu Cca TR and Rsc are not requested corresponding cells are hidden But the equivalent radius should be defined Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 47 TALREN 4 i TERRASOL B User manual If reinforcement mode is Tca Cca Figure 46 it is necessary to provide the following data Tension shear rule jie tee Critical angle loo 5 Plastific
146. surface intersects the anchor after the fictive anchoring point The fictive anchoring point is at mid grout length Prorata length grout proportional T cal min Ir a a IDo o xL aanc qsanc Non proportional Fictive anchoring point Figure 49 reinforcements dialogue box tab 2 anchors calculation options QSanchors from 2 possible options curves default choice and tests This choice decides the value of the safety factor applied to the anchor pull out resistance Also refer to section 4 7 2 3 for the description of the partial safety factors and section 4 6 for the application of specific partial factors IMPORTANT the choice of QSanchors from is automatically the same for all the anchors of a project e RQS calculated with qs and a this option is not available in this version of TALREN 4 The checkbox is always deactivated One must therefore input the RQS value force total pull out resistance of an anchor equal to the unit skin friction soil anchor by meter multiplied by the total grout length be careful if the grout goes through several soil layers with different unit skin friction values the a factor should also be taken into account please refer TA 95 recommendations e TR tensile strength of the anchor force generally calculated as the steel section multiplied by the steel yield stress Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 51 A TERRASOL TALREN 4 B
147. teees 89 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces manual search 90 manual search for circular failure surfaces ce ccceccceececeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeceeeseeeesaeeeaees 91 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces automatic search 92 failure surfaces dialogue box circular failure surfaces automatic search 92 failure surfaces dialogue box polygonal failure SUITACES ccceeceeeeeeeeeee ees 93 failure surfaces dialogue box polygonal failure SUITACES cccceeeceeeeeeeeeeeees 93 example of graphical display for polygonal failure Surfaces cccceeceeeeeeeees 93 addition of a point to an existing polygonal failure Surface ccccceeeeeeeeeeeees 94 conditions dialogue box impose passage conditions cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 95 dialogue box for situation COMMENES ccccseececceeeeeceeeeesseeeeeseeeeesseeeeesaeeeesaees 95 Calculations Drogi CSS eers eE EE E E 97 default output display after the calculation of a situation example in the case of circular failure SUITACES cccceceeeeceeeeeeeceeeteeeceeeeeeeeeeseceeeeeeeteeeteenaes 98 graphical output display settings ccceeeccseeceseeeeeeeeeseeeesseeeeseeeeeeeeeseueeeseeeenees 99 display of all calculated circles nn00nnonnnnnnnnannoannoannnannonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennennn 100 display of circles corresponding to a given range of safet
148. that should be selected is the one outside the project DTA directory and not the one inside this directory o The calculation step from which the pore pressures should be imported Figure 88 Talren 4 automatically proposes the list of Plaxis v8 calculation steps available for the selected plx file this may take a few seconds you should select one of these available calculation steps Look in C import Plaxis hl O vidange tal tin DTA E vidange tal fin pls hy Recent D My Documents r eu My Computer hy Metwrork File name vitanga tel tirpi Open Files of type PLAXIS v8 datafile pk Cancel Figure 87 choice of the Plaxis file for pore pressures importation Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 81 TALREN 4 T TERRASOL B User manual l a 1 i J hy Recent D T rT vidange tal tin 001 vidange tal fin 031 fee vidange tal tin 034 vidange tal fin 064 vidange tal fin 074 vidange tal fin 104 vidange tal fin O00 My Computer Ss Filename vidange tal fin 034 Open Files of type Figure 88 choice of the calculation step for pore pressures importation After the validation of this 2 dialogue box the importation is performed and the user can then either directly validate the imported mesh or view the list of nodes and triangles by clicking on the Nodes and triangles button IMPORTANT
149. tical inclination It is displayed in red if several distributed loads are defined they are scaled taking into account their intensities It is necessary to complete the geometrical definition of the load with the definition of the load value Refer to sections 4 4 1 7 or 4 4 2 1 Figure 34 graphical display of a distributed load 4 4 1 2 Drawing linear loads and or moments with the mouse You should first click on the E button of the toolbar then click with the left mouse button at the position where the linear load and or moment should be applied or type in the coordinates of the point on the keyboard It is then created with a default vertical inclination lt is necessary to complete the geometrical definition of the linear load moment with the definition of the load moment values Refer to sections 4 4 1 7 or 4 4 2 2 Linear load Moment negative in this case Figure 35 graphical display of a linear load and moment 4 4 1 3 Selecting loads To activate the selection mode click on the Li button of the general toolbar All loads can be selected with the mouse with a left click on the point or segment where the load is applied 4 4 1 4 Copy paste loads Refer to section 3 5 3 2 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 38 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual 4 4 1 5 Moving loads After selecting a load it is possible to move it with the mouse by drag amp drop left click and move the mouse to an
150. tinuous levels TR should be defined as a force ml with a horizontal spacing of 1 m a strip width of 1 m and for example Lg 0 1 m if the geotextile is simply placed without any anchoring system The parameters Ybacktin weighting factor Uo and u have the same values for all strips lt is therefore possible to modify them for strip 1 but not for the other strips which automatically take the same values for these parameters as strip 1 the corresponding edit cells are therefore disabled for the strips other than strip 1 Figure 53 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 53 TALREN 4 T TERRASOL B User manual Define reinforcements Mails Anchors Strips Struts Strip 1 Mame Strip 4 Strip 2 Y01415 m mi Length 7 00 m width 0 050 m m Horizontal spacing 0 50 Anglefharizontal 0 Width of diffusion base 0 50 mi Diffusion angle 20 0 j TR 50 0 kN y backfill 18 khia Weighting factor Minorating f 1 Calculation method for tensile resistance jexterne WO j1 5 H1 0 73 Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Display database OK Cancel Help Figure 53 reinforcements dialogue box tab 3 strips strip 2 and more Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 54 A TERRASOL 4 5 3 4 Struts Define reinforcements Mails Anchors Strips Struts I eae arena els lS eee Name Strut 1
151. tor values Figure 110 lsovalues colour shadings Figure 111 here also a range of safety factor values can be defined o Indications on the design criterion for the reinforcements Figure 111 this display if requested consists in texts ITR xxx ICIS xxx These codes and their legends usual reinforcements codes in Talren can be viewed from the dialogue box for detailed reinforcements results refer to section 5 3 5 Graphical options for output display X Display all calculated circles D Define which surfaces you want to view D Display shadings forF ID Critical criteria for reinforcements 7 OK cancel Help Figure 108 graphical output display settings Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 99 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual TALREN 4 1 15d C Program Files TALREN 4 Exemples Exemples prj exemp16f prj File Edit View Stages and conditions Calculation and results Options Help Dy Gel SB 2 O E E p project asta Gl k 3 2 30 25 20 15 10 5 o 5 10 15 20 a A l j I 1 j 20_ gt 4 E 199 104 100 1 13 120 i 1 me 1 E 1098 101 1 13 1 144 143 gt E F tao m 6 k 2 DERREN fe I _ 7 e qq 104 1 10 1 14 124 136 10312 3 Figure 109 display of all calculated circles 2 TALREN 4 1 15d C Program Files TALREN 4 Exemples Exemples p
152. tributed and cannot be edited o Xand Y coordinates in m of all points describing the external phreatic line The external phreatic line is displayed with a bold blue line Figure 77 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 77 TALREN 4 T TEPATE B User manual e Hydraulic data along polygonal failure surfaces the option Hydraulic data along with polygonal failure surface definition should be selected Figure 82 This option cannot and should not be used except in the case of polygonal failure surfaces it cannot be combined with circular failure surfaces or logarithmic spirals No other data is then requested in this dialogue box additional data will be requested when defining the polygonal failure surfaces section 5 2 5 4 and example of Figure 83 Defining hydraulic conditions Hydraulic conditions ERP MarEer nin inn TP hEREICEErCE Cilia T Define an external phreatic line D ru for layers D OK Cancel Help Figure 82 definition of hydraulic conditions data along polygonal failure surfaces x xr vim 7 u 47 30 2 00 0 45 00 21 00 40 00 16 50 35 00 14 20 25 00 10 00 18 00 r al 5 00 1 80 2 01 1 60 3 01 Add Delete Duplicate Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing OK Cancel Help Figure 83 definition of hydraulic pressures along polygonal failure surfaces No specific graphical display is associated with this type
153. ts Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 104 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual 5 3 6 Detailed results for slices The table of detailed results for slices can be displayed with the Calculation and results menu option Slices results or with the ka button of the toolbar The dialogue box illustrated on Figure 118 is displayed the left part displays the list of calculated failure surfaces the right part displays for the failure surface selected in the left list the detailed results for each slice both as a table and as a graphic By default the green highlighted line corresponding to the critical failure surface is selected when opening the dialogue box Note e f the option to save the detailed results for the critical failure surface only was selected in the situation properties only the critical surface will appear in the left list as is the case on the following figure e However if the option to save the detailed results for all calculated failure surfaces was selected instead all failure surfaces will appear in the left list The table includes the critical circle obtained for each centre if there are radius increments the program calculates the minimum safety factor obtained for all circles with the same centre and displays in the left table only the circle associated with this minimum The checkbox Display all results below the table enables to request the display in the left list of al
154. ually lt is possible to change units for an existing project In this case 2 options are proposed either convert all data already typed in in the case of a true unit change or not convert the data already typed in in the case where the data were already typed in in a different unit than the one displayed this option enables to make values and units display consistent with one another Calculation method and default safety factors the default calculation method is the Bishop method The Default safety factor parameter is empty by default when creating a new project it is not compulsory to chose a set of safety factors here These two options allow to initialise default values that will then be automatically proposed as default values for all new situations For example in the case of a project with many stages if the user knows from the beginning that he will have to make all calculations according to the perturbations method with the same partial safety factors the user can define these parameters as default values for his project in the general settings dialogue box They will then be automatically proposed for each situation but can always be punctually modified for each situation if necessary Also refer to section 4 7 2 for the definition of partial safety factors and to section 5 2 5 for the situations properties Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 32 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual Four calculat
155. ue 4 2 General settings They are displayed in a dialogue box Figure 30 accessible either from the Data General settings menu item or from the f button Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 31 TALREN 4 i TERRASOL B User manual xj Froject number h 98F0DEV Calculation title Talren Tutorial Location E Exemple ofa nailed wall Comments min 100 00 imi AIMmax 30 00 im ITI Ymax 16 00 nits system kM kPa kNim3 r t ho kima Default calculation method for the project Bishop Default safety factors Clouterre fondamentalicourant gt Safety factors wizard OK Cancel Help Figure 30 general settings dialogue box The data to input in this dialogue box are the following Project number compulsory alphanumeric field maximum 20 characters Calculation title compulsory alphanumeric field maximum 40 characters Location and comments not compulsory Xmin Xmax and Ymax X limits for the model and maximum project level compulsory values IMPORTANT these values are used to automatically calculate the slope boundary They should be defined as the real minimum and maximum x coordinates of the model section 4 3 1 6 Units and water unit weight 3 unit systems are proposed respectively linked to kN MN or tons The water unit weight is changed automatically but only after validation of the dialogue box depending on the units It is also possible to change it man
156. undary Calculations will take it into account except if the element is completely out of slope boundary Preparing calculation Stage 1 Auto tangent 2 Calculation Reading results Hail 1 At least partially out of slope boundary Calculations will take it into account except if the element is completely out of slope boundary eaeeeeeerslculation pertormed Preparing calculation Stage 1 Railway 3 Calculations Interrupt Figure 106 calculations progress The button Interrupt enables to interrupt the calculation Talren 4 makes data checking before running the calculation and if it detects errors or forbidden values it displays red warnings or errors in the calculation window In case of warnings the calculation is performed it s up to the user to decide whether they are valid or not considering the warnings But in case of errors the calculation is not performed data should be corrected as indicated before running the calculation again At the end of the calculations the calculation window closes automatically except if errors or warnings are displayed it is then up to the user to close this window after reading the messages the Interrupt button of Figure 106 is then replaced with the Close button Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 97 TALREN 4 Tr ean B User manual When calculations have been performed it is possible to display several types of results
157. us example the missing segment should be added manually and then the soil layers should be assigned to both clusters again After importation in Talren 4 Example of a Talren 97 file with 2 layers without a vertical Talren was not able to identify separation line the soil clusters After drawing a vertical line and associating both soil layers Figure 124 specific case of Talren 97 file reading Note the previous comments apply to vertical geometrical lines inside the model the vertical lines delimiting the model In Xmin ANd Xmax are Created automatically in Talren 4 when reading a Talren 97 file it is not necessary to draw these lines 7 1 1 3 Loads In Talren 97 the partial load factors were specific to each load In Talren 4 this partial load factor is common for all loads one single value for each set of partial safety factors it is the value defined in Coefficients TAL section 7 1 1 1 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 112 TALREN 4 i ean B User manual When reading a Talren 97 file including one or more loads all defined with the same load factor Talren 4 will define the load factor of the Coefficients TAL set to be equal to this same value and the Talren 4 file will be equivalent to the Talren 97 file However when reading a Talren 97 file including several loads with different load factors it is necessary to adjust the load values to make the Talren 4 equivale
158. ut acts on the forces normal to the failure surface Refer also to the technical manual chapter C of this manual for more information about reinforcements Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 42 TALREN 4 Tr ean B User manual 4 5 2 Definition of the reinforcements with the mouse 4 5 2 1 Drawing reinforcements with the mouse You should first click on one of the buttons of the toolbar Bi for a nail El for an anchor al for a strip or E for a strut then click with the left mouse button at the position of the reinforcement head or type in its coordinates in the edition cell of the status bar It is necessary to complete the definition of the reinforcement with its material and calculation characteristics Refer also to chapters 4 5 2 6 or 4 5 3 Anchors Struts Figure 39 graphical display of reinforcements 4 5 2 2 Selecting reinforcements To activate the selection mode it is necessary to click on the button k of the general toolbar All reinforcements can be selected with the mouse left click on the reinforcement head 4 5 2 3 Copy paste reinforcements Refer to chapter 3 5 3 2 4 5 2 4 Moving reinforcements After selecting a reinforcement it is possible to move it by drag amp drop with the mouse left click and move the mouse to another position When a reinforcement is moved the points and segments of the geometry are not moved at the same time geometrical inde
159. ve been typed in in the General settings dialogue box section 4 2 As the user adds new objects to the model geometry the scale is adapted if necessary The scale value is never saved when opening a file the zoom level is always reinitialised to View whole project 3 3 2 8 Table of soil characteristics This option opens a window in which a summary table of with all sets of soil properties for the project is displayed All characteristics are in the table except for the complex characteristics Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 25 TALREN 4 A TERATE B User manual like cohesion anisotropy for which it is simply indicated that they are defined by a specific table The table can be moved and can be kept opened while working in Talren 4 This option enables to view properties of all the project soil layers at once and thus to quickly check data Thanks to this option you can also copy paste the soils table in a report Microsoft Word document for example either as a picture or as a table A checkbox allows to choose if you want to display all soil layers or only those that are active in the current stage In the Project data mode this checkbox is not displayed This table does not allow for data change no edit mode Values can only be changed in the dialogue box for soil characteristics definition menu or button Table of soil characteristics E X Export Name Th
160. y default Talren 4 adopts a scale adapted to Xmin and Xmax and to view Ymax It may happen that the user needs to draw geometrical elements lower than the visible zone on the screen To do so the best solution consists in drawing a point at the lowest model level using the method described in the following paragraph typing in of the coordinates with the keyboard After validation of this low point a vertical scrollbar will appear and will allow access to any part of the model it is of course also possible to modify the zoom level to see the whole model refer to section 3 3 2 7 e Or type the coordinates of each point with the keyboard click in the cell that appears in drawing mode in the status bar at the bottom of the screen type in the X and Y coordinates of the point X and Y values should be separated with a blank space Fomis x faaas ml Y frose m The background of the cell will then become blue this means that the next point typed in will be connected to the previous one with a segment To pull up the pen press the Esc button of the keyboard The cell background turns white again meaning that the next point typed in will not be connected to the previous one with a segment One can at any time change from the mouse drawing mode to the coordinates drawing mode When coming back to the drawing mode after doing other operations the first point that is drawn is not connected to the last point of the previous d
161. y factor values 100 display of colour shadings and reinforcements design criteria cccccceeees 101 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces Bishop calculation MethOd cccccccceecceeeeceeeeseeeceeeeseeeeeeesseeeseees 102 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces Bishop calculation MethOd ccccccccceecceeeeceeeeeeeceeeeseeeseeesseeesaees 102 detailed results for failure surfaces example for circular failure surfaces perturbations calculation Method cccecseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeees 103 legend Tor VANES orcssccheoncsscaenare cacterccancoannesanencanenseeacanswanseter caawseeanndackeancoushanded 103 detailed results forces in reinfOrceMents ccccccsseecceeeeceeeeceeeesseeeeeeeeenees 104 Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 5 T TERRASOL TALREN 4 Manual B User manual Figure 117 legend for the reinforcements results cccseeccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeaeeeeaeess 104 Figure 118 slices results case of detailed results saved for critical failure surface O sccuntceehnierssa iaatavinssa E oni annueis meth cyssuatattwentsa ett 106 Figure 119 printing SO WINGS s sies a aa EEE aei 107 Figure 120 printer SetlingS a ssrsrissssrnei n aa E ONERE aE RERNE 109 Figure 121 open dialogue DOX wists cturvinaimesunoriacsanncnupsdansadnornbasidteniomniiaareimeatmbate
162. y if the failure direction goes from the left to the right However you may not want to reverse all coordinates manually if the cross section you want to work from is defined in the other direction uphill on the right Moreover in the case of dams you wish to define the whole cross section both sides of the dam and then analyse each side of the dam Therefore the Reverse model item is available in the Options menu Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 20 TALREN 4 Tr TERRASOL B User manual Figure a Definition of the cross section with uphill on the right calculation is impossible Figure b After reversal calculation is possible Figure 15 example of a model reversal This item opens a dialogue box which proposes e either to reverse the model in the current file In this case all the x values and the angles load inclinations reinforcements angles etc will have their sign changed from positive values to negative values and vice versa The project file will keep the same name This case is relevant when defining a cross section based on a document with the uphill on the right you have to reverse the model to be able to perform the calculation in the right direction case of Figure 15 e or to reverse the model in a new project file In this case too all the x values and the angles will have their sign changed from positive values to negative values and vice versa The u
163. yed with the Stages and conditions menu option Hydraulic conditions for the selected stage with the same option in the pop up menu right m click on the stage label or with the button of the contextual toolbar Copyright TALREN 4 TERRASOL February 2005 Page 73 TALREN 4 Tr Tanna B User manual A dialogue box is opened Figure 75 and several options are available Defining hydraulic conditions Hydraulic conditions ayer ites en Phreatic line Define phreatic lovel Define a water table base D Define an eternal phreatic line D ru for layers D OK Cancel Help Figure 75 hydraulic conditions dialogue box e Phreatic line i e groundwater level select the Phreatic level option Figure 75 and click on the Define phreatic level button A new dialogue box opens Figure 76 and enables to type in the ee E a defining the groundwater level e 2 100 00 22 00 15 00 12 00 00 00 loon fo Add Delete Delete all Mote possible selection on drawing OK Cancel Help Figure 76 definition of the groundwater level This dialogue box behaves in the same way as the Geometry dialogue box Points tab section 4 3 2 Add Delete and Delete all buttons enable to add a new point to delete the selected point or to delete all points defined for the groundwater level The Possible selection on drawing comment means that if you click on the graphical view

Chapter B: user manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents