SmartCone® - Dynamic Flow Computers
Contents
1. 17 4 1 Meter Orientation cece nee e ence e nee ee eee ene e nnn anna hn assa ss assa sean nane nnns 17 4 2 Impulse Tubing Orientation ssssssssesssseeeee ne n n me n nmn nnne nnn nnns 17 4 3 Horizontal Meter Installation Gas iii mmm nnn 17 4 4 Vertical Meter Installation Gas csesssssessseeee n emen mnn 17 Section 5 SmartCone Installation for Steam Service 18 5 1 Meter Orientation ins teen esse ee eee hne aene rn ann ann nnn nnns 18 5 2 Impulse Tubing Orientation sis nn enne nnn nnn nnns 18 5 3 Condensate Chamber Drip Pot eee ee seeeeeaeeeeseeeesaeeeegaeeesaeeeeganengas 18 5 4 Horizontal Meter Installation Steam cece e eee esac ee eseeeesaeeeegaeeesaeeeeganeneas 18 5 5 Vertical Meter Installation Steam iii ehem 19 section 6 CEESI Test Data 7 aurai aic cin i cR RR 20 6 1 2 SmartCone Meter Disturbance Testing Table een 20 Symbols used in this manual This symbol identifies important information regarding practices or circumstances which if not performed correctly may lead to personal injury death property damage and or economic loss This symbol indicates mandatory actions and or procedures which if not performed correctly may lead to personal injury and or incorrect function of the instrument or any connected equipment Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 32. 9 2 3 Standardized Installations ua ea aeo ova seg sana su ces exE pa benc pack a exa Eds 11 2 3 1 Flow RUN Hequirements cccuselllllleeseeeeenmm mnes nnns nna aa auam enin 11 2 3 2 Meter Orientation and Transmitter Position 11 Zoom PEHIBSSHFG FOM ECO Puce Ea oca UME MEER MIU DEMNM MEUSE 11 2 9 4 Impulse Tubing Connection ceiedeiu ute ubekubusutw etu dead bit 12 2 3 0 Valve Manifolds I It 12 C MEME ORI Tm 12 2 4 Installation Checklist for the Transmitter ss 13 Section 3 SmartCone Installation for Liquid Service c eene enn 14 3 1 Meter Orientation T rr 14 3 2 e ZGa acest TT TU UU TT 14 3 3 Pressure Ports sise enhn mee ane a aa Oe enn Oe nA RO OE ERR OS saa OE esses same sme n 14 3 4 Condensate Chamber Drip Pot eee ee eeteeeaeeeeseeeesaeeeeganeesaeeeeganeneas 14 3 5 Horizontal Meter Installation Liquid RS 15 3 6 Bubble Pot Installation Optional iii mmm nnne 15 Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 2 ELS W COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone 3 7 Vertical Meter Installation Liquid Rs 15 3 7 1 Vertical Upward Fluid SION A AM 16 3 8 Vertical Meter with Wall POFrIS 552 80 2225 25 is 5 4 16 9 9 Transmitter CaAlIbDratiON 80 282 202 S rir a MU EPO ETS PE nU RA 16 Section 4 SmartCone Installation for Gas Service
3. FLOW COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone Section 1 SmartCone The Next Generation Cone Meter 1 1 Introduction The SmartCone is a differential pressure cone meter that uses a measured differential pressure to provide a robust accurate repeatable and optimal cost measurement solution The SmartCone produces a differential pressure which can be read by any standard Differential Pressure or multi variable transmitter A wide range of Dynamic Flow Computers are compatible with the SmartCone These superlative field devices feature a built in Rosemount multi variable transmitter along with various l O s and ports to suit a variety of flow computing needs Typically a manifold 3 or 5 valve is used to connect the dP transmitter to the SmartCone However this is dependent upon the type of product being measured as well as available space for mounting the meter This user manual provides standard instructions for installation and use of the SmartCone 1 2 SmartCone Meter Components The SmartCone is comprised of four 4 main elements as shown below in Figure 1 e 316L stainless steel cast meter body with integral high pressure and low pressure ports e Robust integral hydro dynamically shaped cantilever support incorporating a base cone beta ratio of 0 75 e Removable ARCs which mount onto the base cone with a central bolt through which the Low Pressure side of the meter is measured e Built In Tempera
4. User Manual SmartCone SmartCone Differential Pressure Flow Meter User Manual Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page ELS W COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone Table of Contents Section 1 SmartCone Introduction ccccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeseeeeeeeens 4 1 1 SOC ONE v 4 1 2 SmartCone Meter Components cssssssesseseseemene eene emesis semis esame ases esas 4 to Principles GPO D AIONE mS 5 1 3 1 Mechanical Stability sien ehem emen nnne enne 6 T2 ANIA Oo C aN 6 1 3 83 Expansibility Coefficient eee eect ence ee eaeeeesaeeeeaeeeegateesaeeeeganensagenteganenegegs 6 LE INAS CIS INC IO IN cetera mE Tem 7 1 5 inaencoms AO ONC ANON S Sacco cet ceecentecescasetceseeeutcascassncstecanteensontecetuanecstaentoascansces 7 Section 2 SmartCone Installation Guidelines 8 2 1 Important Safety Information ccesssssesssseessseeen eene nennen emnes 8 22 netallihg the AE odiutiopdiod Hsu Did UM UE M DM M DES 8 2 2 1 VS OL COMPO BR ETE TT TT T 8 2 2 2 Differential Pressure Transmitter Lceleeeeeeeeeeeeeee rere nennen nnn nena n 9 2 2 3 Built In Thermowell ccseeeeeessssseeeeeee enn n nnn nnnm nnnm 9 2 2 4 Valve ManifoldS ne ou cena de ENVMN EM NNS MUEVE M DNE 9 22o MEON VI TT nn nie 9 2 2 6 ABS 0 2 alo eee er ee ee
5. 2 152 0 795 0 447 1 100 3 957 0 879 1 143 1 212 0 320 0 761 5 155 2 102 Average Difference 0 000 6 224 0 298 0 040 0 202 0 002 0 055 1 821 1 096 0 000 14 128 0 423 0 082 0 076 0 185 0 302 3 169 1 114 0 000 35 760 0 115 0 230 0 169 0 186 0 295 5 857 3 378 Comments Baseline Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Downstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream and OD Downstream of Meter Out of Plane Elbows 5D Upstream of Meter High Pressure Test 800 PSIG 60 Swirl Test 40 Swirl Test Baseline Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Downstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream and OD Downstream of Meter Out of Plane Elbows 5D Upstream of Meter High Pressure Test 800 PSIG 60 Swirl Test 40 Swirl Test Baseline Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate OD Downstream of Meter Half Moon Orifice Plate 5D Upstream and OD Downstream of Meter Out of Plane Eloows 5D Upstream of Meter High Pressure Test 800 PSIG 60 Swirl Test 40 Swirl Test Page 20
6. A liquid trap should be installed at the lowest point in a gas service installation and a gas trap should be installed at the highest point in a liquid service installation Extreme Temperature Applications Steam temperatures can reach 1500 F 815 C exceeding the temperature rating of any standard DP transmitter usually rated to 200 F or 94 C A condensate chamber can be used to provide isolation of the transmitter from temperature extremes Alternatively a long tube section may be installed to help allow the fluid to cool before it reaches the transmitter As a general rule tubing should be run horizontally where possible allowing for a temperature drop of 100 F per foot of tubing Please remember the operator is ultimately responsible for ensuring the temperature at the transmitter does not exceed the transmitter s rating for the environmental conditions present In extreme environments arctic conditions thermal insulation and or heat tracing of process lines may be necessary The amount of trace heat used must be properly calculated to prevent flowing liquids from vaporizing and to prevent condensable vapors from generating unwanted condensation It is highly recommended to keep the meter impulse process tubing lines together This will help to keep them at approximately the same temperature A temperature controlled environment also helps ensure accurate metering in locations where extreme temperatures are likely Dyn
7. If the gaseous fluid is a wet gas i e a gas containing small quantities of liquids the pressure ports should be oriented in a vertical position 12 o clock to allow all liquids to drain away from the transmitter See Figure 6b below gt e ot CRIER Tag Figure 6a Standard Gas Installation Figure 6b Wet Gas Installation 4 4 Vertical Meter Installation Gas When a SmartCone meter is installed in a vertical position the operator must take special care to ensure that no traps are formed in the downstream pressure port When measuring dry non condensing gases where there is no risk for liquid to be present the piping from the downstream pressure port of the SmartCone meter can be extended horizontally and then angled upward to the manifold block Note The manifold must be installed horizontally The tubing from the upstream pressure port must slope at least 1 inch per foot to the same elevation as the tubing from the downstream pressure port prior to connecting to the manifold Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 17 ELS W COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone Section 5 SmartCone Installation for Steam Service Steam measurement is the most difficult application for differential pressure transmitter tubing and requires careful consideration during installation Steam is usually at a high temperature which can damage the transmitter In addition it can be in the liquid or gaseous phase depen
8. Pressure PSIA Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 6 User Manual SmartCone COMPUTERS Reynolds number ranges can be from 10 500 to above 5 million With special calibration the Cd can be calibrated to a lower Reynolds number Differential pressures can range from less than 1 HO to more than several hundred inches to facilitate large turndowns A OP of 1 FO or greater is recommended to ensure a low noise differential pressure signal due to possible transmitter hysteresis 1 4 Meter Identification The nameplate affixed to the meter contains specifications for the meter including the coefficient of discharge Cd for the base meter The direction of flow is also indicated with an arrow at the top of each SmartCone for easy reference The artifact calibrated Cd for the ARC is common to each meter and offers traceability for the accuracy of the SmartCone 1 5 SmartCone Applications Below is a list of common applications in which the SmartCone meter is used Liquid and Gas Measurement Well Head Measurement Custody Transfer Fuel Metering Wet Gas Steam Test Separators Compressor Skids Pipelines Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 7 User Manual SmartCone COMPUTERS Section 2 SmartCone Installation Guidelines 2 1 Important Safety Information Installation inspection and maintenance of the SmartCone meter must be performed by trained and authorized personnel who have a go
9. to the bubble pot anywhere between the 10 o clock and 2 o clock positions in on a horizontal plane Refer to Figure 4 below i 4 bed Figure 4 Typical Bubble Pot Installation 3 7 Vertical Meter Installation Liquid In most process applications the user should assume that some level of gas or vapor exists in a liquid service even if the liquid is water With that presumption the piping configuration must be designed to allow gas to rise back into the flow stream The process piping should be extended horizontally a very short distance from the downstream pressure port and then sloped at 1 inch per foot to the top of the manifold block The manifold block should be mounted horizontally below the upstream pressure port so that piping from the upstream port to the manifold also slopes downward Refer to Figure 5 on the following page Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 15 YMA User Manual SmartCone Figure 5 Impulse Line Orientation for Vertical Meter Installations 3 7 1 Vertical Upward Fluid Flow If the process is turned off particulates may fall into the downstream pressure port It is advisable to flush the downstream pressure port with an inert fluid prior to restarting the meter 3 8 Vertical Meter with Wall Ports Both process lines should be extended horizontally for a very short distance and then tubed downwards to a manifold block The manifold block should be mounted horizontally bel
10. upwards from the SmartCone meter to the condensate chambers A condensate chamber can be a tubing tee for low volume differential pressure instruments or a full size condensate chamber for high volume differential pressure instruments In either case the condensate chambers should be at exactly the same elevation to ensure accurate differential pressure readings The line from the bottom of the tee to the transmitter mounted below the tee should be filled to the point where excess fluid can drain back into the meter In many cases water condensed steam is used for the fluid fill However in cold climates the fluid must be protected from freezing The fluid fill requires careful design with heat tracing and insulation to keep it in liquid form and to keep both the high pressure and low pressure legs of the tubing at the same temperature A liquid leg fill fluid other than water should be used if practical Methanol is an available substitute however di butyl phthalate is the most recommended fill fluid due to its immiscibility with water and its ability to remain liquid over a wide range of temperatures 31 F to 644 F Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 18 COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone 5 5 Vertical Meter Installation Steam For steam service installations in which the meter is oriented vertically piping from both pressure ports should be extended horizontally to separate T connector branches
11. Meter Installations per ISO 5167 2 3 4 Impulse Tubing Connection Impulse tubing is normally used to connect pressure sensing ports for the SmartCone meter to the valve manifold and then back to the differential pressure transmitter or flow computer One section of impulse tubing should be connected to the high pressure static port on the SmartCone meter and the high pressure static port on the differential pressure transmitter Another section of impulse tubing should be connected to the low pressure port on the SmartCone meter and the low pressure port on the differential pressure transmitter Impulse tubing should normally be installed with a gradient larger than 1 10 to help prevent undesirable fluids from being transferred to the differential pressure transmitter If tubing is installed in a horizontal orientation a gas or liquid separator device will be required Avoid bends and kinks in the impulse tubing If impulse tubing sections are long mounting brackets may be required for support Please refer to Section 2 2 6 for additional impulse tubing details Never use excess pressure or force when connecting impulse tubing to a differential pressure transmitter For high temperature applications verify the impulse tubing is properly rated for the anticipated temperature range and its effects 2 3 5 Valve Manifolds Three or five valve manifolds are designed to isolate a transmitter from the process Typically five val
12. The T connector enables a plug to be installed at the top for liquid filling purposes to avoid overheating of the differential pressure transmitter The manifold block is positioned directly below at a distance that ensures the steam will be at a safe operating temperature prior to reaching the transmitter Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 19 COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone 6 1 Meter Size 2 2 SmartCone Meter Disturbance Testing Table Beta Ratio 0 414 0 528 0 614 Line Pressure PSIA 165 165 165 165 165 165 800 165 165 165 165 165 165 165 165 800 165 165 165 165 165 165 165 165 800 165 165 Min Heynolds Number 36541 38703 35437 36730 37064 36227 33149 34812 35625 57194 66359 58813 58999 58523 58132 48398 57613 58986 77220 110130 78064 80661 17635 17991 17275 74500 77417 Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Section 6 Max Reynolds Number 3 5449 397376 366549 377211 366277 375223 343435 359501 372626 596803 691255 614694 612389 606800 608725 510040 580071 603277 862669 1145633 831047 859716 821853 845659 864134 188627 816509 CEESI Test Data 2 St Dev 0 701 1 279 0 823 0 669 0 839 0 733 1 470 0 753 0 854 0 583 2 553 1 125 0 511 0 603 0 526
13. The intended direction of flow through the meter is clearly indicated with an arrow on the meter body The SmartCone meter must be installed upstream of the differential pressure tap 2 3 3 Pressure Port Location The SmartCone meters have a standard location and geometry for both the static pressure and differential pressure ports A secondary port is also available upon request This port can be used in applications where the central LP port is not recommended vertically up flow regime For horizontal installations the following installation guidelines apply o When measuring liquid differential pressure ports should be located in the bottom half of the pipeline between 4 o clock and 5 o clock positions or between 7 o clock and 8 o clock positions o When measuring wet gas differential pressure ports should be located between 10 o clock and 2 o clock positions to allow proper drainage of liquids present o When measuring dry gas differential pressure ports should be located in the top half of the pipeline o When measuring steam differential pressure ports should be located on the side of the pipeline Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 11 FL ow COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone a Cp CD LIQUID WET GAS DRY GAS STEAM 4 O CLOCK TO 5 O CLOCK 10 O CLOCK TO 2 O CLOCK 9 O CLOCK TO 3 O CLOCK HORIZONTAL TAPS ONLY OR 9 O CLOCK 7 O CLOCK TO 8 O CLOCK OR 3 O CLOCK Figure 2 Standard Port Locations for Horizontal
14. amic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 10 User Manual SmartCone COMPUTERS 2 3 Standardized Installation This section covers basic steps for installing a SmartCone meter Please note o Install the meter in accordance with the flow run and orientation requirements listed in this section o Secure the valve manifold to the meter taps o Connect the differential pressure transmitter to the manifold observing the recommended guidelines for the pressurized measurement tubing o Connect the transmitter or flow computer according to the manufacturer s recommended procedure o Zero the transmitter if it is deemed necessary 2 3 1 Flow Run Requirements The SmartCone meter should be installed with five pipe diameters of straight run upstream of the meter Zero downstream is allowed based on API 22 2 test results The meter can be used in pipelines that are slightly larger than the meter inside diameter However if the pipeline is smaller than the meter inside diameter users should contact Dynamic Flow Computers for confirmation of installation requirements 2 3 2 Meter Orientation and Transmitter Position The SmartCone meter may be installed in either a horizontal or vertical position The location position of the DP transmitter relative to the meter orientation should be based on the following parameters o Properties of the fluid or gas being measured gas steam liquid etc o Direction of flow through the meter
15. ding on temperature and pressure Because of this issue the differential pressure impulse tubing must be oriented in such a manner that it can operate with gas or liquids present 5 1 Meter Orientation The SmartCone meter can be installed in a horizontal position or a vertical position for gas service Horizontal orientation is recommended however where space is very limited a vertical position may be a better option 5 2 Impulse Tubing Orientation The orientation of the impulse tubing is dictated by the orientation of the SmartCone meter the type of steam being measured and for vertical installations the direction of flow When a vertical meter run is used the operator must give special consideration to the impulse tubing configuration to prevent liquid from becoming trapped in the differential pressure lines 5 3 Condensate Chamber Drip Pot A condensate chamber is a liquid reservoir that helps prevent super heated steam from entering the differential pressure transmitter In most cases a large diameter tee is all that is required to collect the condensed liquid 5 4 Horizontal Meter Installation Steam The pressure ports shall be above the horizontal centerline 9 o clock to 3 o clock of the meter run For steam service the fluid in the impulse lines is liquid condensed from the vapor The use of a condensate chamber is mandatory to prevent hot process fluid from damaging the transmitter The impulse tubing should slope
16. e DP range to match the in field application Failure to do this may cause measurement errors and over pressurization of the transmitter 2 2 3 Built In Thermowell Flow measurement calculations for differential pressure devices require temperature and pressure measurement Generally a thermowell with an RTD installed is mounted downstream of the meter within 3 pipe diameters of the meter All SmartCone meters have integral thermowells 2 2 4 Valve Manifolds Valve Manifolds are available with various sealing valve designs Three or five valve manifolds are typically used and can be provided by Dynamic Flow Computers to complete your installation 2 2 5 Shut Off Valves It is preferable to use shut off valves in the impulse piping from the meter to the manifold Shut Off valves are not provided by Dynamic Flow Computers 2 2 6 Impulse Tubing In a well designed installation liquids will drain freely from the process lines and gases will vent to the atmosphere Before connecting impulse tubing between the SmartCone and the transmitter consider the following tips for optimizing your system s measurement accuracy Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 9 User Manual SmartCone COMPUTERS Tubing Size Selection Impulse tubing diameters vary with service conditions For most steam applications the tubing internal diameter should be between 3 8 10mm and 1 25mm An internal diameter of 5 8 is recommended for
17. f the pressure ports at a precise geometric location The cantilever cone support assembly is manufactured as part of the cast meter body This assembly securely holds in place the removable ARC and has enough structural integrity to prevent the assembly from moving during normal flow rates The meter is supplied with a radio graphed cast body which has been center turned on a CNC machine to verify the strict tolerances are met This allows the meter assembly to be calibrated geometrically in a similar concept as the standardized orifice plate The SmartCone meter is supplied with one 1 ARC standard Each ARC has the outside diameter stamped on the front face for easy identification 1 3 Principles of Operation SmartCone meters generate a differential pressure when a fluid passes through them This dP can be used in conjunction with secondary and tertiary instrumentation to calculate the flow rate Differential Pressure transmitters are used to read static amp differential pressure then output an integrated electronic signal This is done via Modbus 4 20m4A output or other proprietary communication protocols to a flow computer or other process controller for interpretation and readout Dynamic Flow Computers has its own line of flow computers which are designed to work optimally with the SmartCone meter When measuring compressible fluids gases static line pressure and temperature measurements are required to determine accurate
18. flow rate calculations as well as making a compensation for the adiabatic change in the expansion or Y factor The SmartCone has a built in temperature sensor port as standard Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 5 User Manual SmartCone COMPUTERS A fluid flowing through the meter passes around the ARC and a pressure drop occurs The static line pressure P1 is measured through the upstream High Pressure port refer back to Figure 1 The downstream pressure P2 is measured through the Low Pressure port which is directly connected to the center of the ARC The fluid flow rate is calculated from the difference in these two pressures using basic differential pressure flow measurement hydraulic equations and principles 1 3 1 Mechanical Stability The SmartCone meter has very favorable structural integrity due to the venturi shaped cantilever support system which is an integral part of the meter body casting Previous designs used a welded fixed tubular cantilever method While supporting the cone element previous designs could sustain a bending moment and allow the cone to mowve slightly due to the fluid forces The SmartCone meter design allows high a differential pressure to be measured across the cone cantilever interface without distortion of the assembly This is due to the special support section 1 3 2 Calibration The SmartCone meter is an artifact calibrated device This means that it uses specific def
19. he manifold cross connector valve closed Is the SmartCone meter fitted with the correct orientation O O O O Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 13 FL ow COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone Section 3 SmartCone Installation for Liquid Service 3 1 Meter Orientation The SmartCone meter can be installed in a horizontal position or a vertical position for liquid service Horizontal orientation is recommended however where space is very limited a vertical position may be a better option Caution must be used for vertical installations 3 2 Pipe Orientation The orientation of piping is dictated by the position of the meter the type of product being measured and for vertical installations the direction of flow VVhen a vertical piping system is used the operator must give special consideration to the piping configuration in order to prevent gas from being trapped in liquid differential pressure lines 3 3 Pressure Ports In extremely cold environments where there is a risk of product freezing in the product lines the downstream pressure port connected to the cone meter may become clogged with ice In such installations the auxiliary port if equipped may be used to temporarily measure the downstream pressure until the ice is removed Please remember the meter run must be isolated and depressurized before attempting to clean out the blockage 3 4 Condensate Chamber Drip Pot A condensate chamber dri
20. industrial applications Applications with high temperatures in condensing vapor service 1 internal diameter is recommended Internal diameter must not exceed 1 for any application Tubing Material Most instrument tubing is 316 SS However duplex steel types may be used where the possibility of salt water corrosion exists Tubing Length Configuration amp Assembly To obtain the best performance follow these recommendations o Tubing length must be short enough to help prevent gauge line error resonance in the impulse lines and long enough to ensure enough cooling of the high temperature fluid before it reaches the transmitter o Verify the installation allows access to the impulse tubes valves manifolds and transmitters o Limit the number of joints and avoid the use of long tubing sections which may reduce the measurement accuracy and increase the risk of clogs o Avoid changes in tubing elevation and fluid temperature Changes in elevation may cause a difference in the hydrostatic pressure of the liquid column in the process lines Temperature changes may cause a difference in the density which will change the amount of pressure generated Either can result in inaccurate DP measurements o Fasten the process lines together if possible and allow them to slope only in one direction up or down o If piping must slope in more than one direction do not allow more than one bend and install a liquid or gas trap as applicable
21. ined geometry and is CNC produced to make a repeatable meter based on similitude A model is said to have similitude with the real application if the two share geometry similarity kinematic similarity and dynamic similarity e Geometric Similarity The engineered model is the same shape is the application but is usually scaled e Kinematic Similarity Fluid flow of both the model and real application must undergo similar time rates of change motions fluid streamlines are similar e Dynamic Similarity Ratios of all forces acting on corresponding fluid particles and boundary surfaces in the two systems are constant This concept is used in the testing of engineering models and can be utilized in all kinds of applications This concept is heavily used in aerospace and aircraft design A recent API standard has concluded the acceptability of the geometric similitude method for acceptance in the scaling up of meter geometries See API MPMS Chapter 22 2 Testing Protocol for Differential Pressure Flow Meter Devices for additional information Each meter is supplied with predefined CDs coefficient of discharge based on the machined diameter of the ARC This principle is very similar to the standardized orifice plate meter 1 3 3 Expansibility Coefficient Y Factor equation for the SmartCone as determined by the CEESI facility in Colorado is Y 1 0 801 x Where AP Differential Pressure PSID k Isentropic Exponent P Static
22. ing measured 2 2 Installing the SmartCone Upon receipt of the SmartCone meter be sure to inspect the components and compare to the Packing List Report any discrepancies to Dynamic Flow Computers as soon as possible 2 2 1 System Components The system installation will typically include the following components e SmartCone Meter e Flow Computer or Transmitter e Manifold 3 or 5 valve e Shut Off Valves Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 8 rows m PUT ce User Manual SmartCone e Impulse Tubing e Temperature Sensor In steam measurement installations condensate chambers or a steam isolation system may also be required The SmartCone meter cannot measure flow on its own It is intended for use with secondary or tertiary instrumentation which is sold separately A manifold is typically installed between the SmartCone meter and a flow computer or transmitter This allows isolation of the process fluid for routine inspection maintenance and calibration of the transmitter A Dynamic Flow Computer is the perfect companion to the SmartCone meter Dynamic Flow Computers can also provide the manifold and temperature sensor for use with the SmartCone meter INSARUMENT Sane SmartCone Flow Computer Manifold 2 2 2 Differential Pressure Transmitter Selection of the correct range of transmitter is very important for the fidelity of the meter It is necessary to match the overall pressure rating and th
23. od working knowledge of piping configurations Before installing the SmartCone meter please review the following tips e Never open a manifold valve or flange unless you have first verified the system is completely depressurized e During liquid or wet gas service open valves very slowly to avoid slugging in the meter run e Always use proper documented procedures and equipment for lifting and moving the SmartCone meter to avoid risk of injury e Secure all connections properly before starting up a system keep a safe distance from the process during start up e Be mindful of static electricity generated by insulated footwear etc always ground yourself before touching pipes in hazardous areas where flammable gas is being metered e Verify the piping tubing or manifold installed between the SmartCone meter and the transmitter complies with national and local regulations as well as codes of best practice to ensure safe containment of fluid e Hydrostatic or pneumatic testing may be required for piping systems to prove integrity of the pressure containing components e A non ferrous rod wire or other device may be used to remove materials blocking the impulse tubing in installations prone to plugging The meter run should be isolated and completely depressurized before attempting to clear any line Never use a rod to clean out process lines in high pressure applications or where high temperatures or dangerous fluids are be
24. ow the lowest pressure port and the transmitter should be mounted below the manifold block 3 9 Transmitter Calibration Transmitters differential pressure and or multivariable types should be calibrated according to the manufacturer recommendations and or the applicable national or company standards Consideration should be given to the service in which the SmartCone meter and transmitter are installed and operated Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 16 AA RUTERE User Manual SmartCone Section 4 SmartCone Installation for Gas Service 4 1 Meter Orientation The SmartCone meter can be installed in a horizontal position or a vertical position for gas service Horizontal orientation is recommended however where space is very limited a vertical position may be a better option 4 2 Impulse Tubing Orientation The orientation of impulse tubing is determined by the position of the meter the type of product being measured and for vertical meter installations the direction of flow When a vertical meter system is installed for gas service the operator must give special consideration to the tubing configuration to prevent liquid from becoming trapped in the differential pressure lines 4 3 Horizontal Meter Installation Gas The pressure ports on the SmartCone meter should be oriented between the horizontal centerline and the top of the pipe 9 o clock to 12 o clock or 12 o clock to 3 o clock See Figure 6a below
25. p pot is a container specifically designed to decrease the number of gas bubbles that form in liquid instrument tubing It should be mounted at the highest point in the impulse tubing between the SmartCone meter and the differential pressure transmitter See Figure 3 below Figure 3 Standard Condensate Chamber Installation Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 14 ape pes User Manual SmartCone 3 5 Horizontal Meter Installation Liquid For horizontal installations pressure ports must be positioned at 30 to 60 below the horizontal centerline 4 o clock to 5 o clock or 7 o clock to 8 o clock Pressure ports situated at the bottom of the pipe 6 o clock may become clogged with solids from within the fluid Pressure ports located above the centerline 9 o clock to 3 o clock may in certain applications accumulate air or non condensing gases In liquid service the connecting lines from the meter shall be sloped downward to the transmitter with no upturns or pocket traps The minimum recommended slope for self venting is one inch per foot 3 6 Bubble Pot Installation Optional In liquid applications where the transmitter must be mounted above the metering line gas or vapor in the liquid can collect at the highest point in the instrument tubing and give inaccurate differential pressure readings Bubble pots may be the only effective solution for these installations The piping from the meter connects
26. ture Port Low Pressure Port Temperature Port High Pressure Port Optional Secondary ud Pressure Port S Area Ratio Changer Figure 1 Components of a SmartCone Flow Meter Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 4 COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone A secondary pressure port downstream is also available for installations requiring a recovery pressure value The SmartCone meets the specific requirements for metering natural gas steam compressedi air digester gas nitrogen ethanol and a plethora of liquids from crude oil to waste water The SmartCone can also be manufactured from various special materials ex two phase microstructure steels for use in corrosive environments Generally the meter s internal diameter is the same piping schedule as the piping system into which the meter is being installed Sometimes the body may have a slightly smaller internal diameter which is normal and has special tapers to facilitate a smooth transition into and out of the meter Removable Area Ratio Changers ARCs vary by outside diameter They facilitate different beta ratios within the machined meter body to match the measured fluid s flowing conditions to the optimum dP ratio versus the Reynolds Number He D or flow rate Both the upstream and downstream pressure ports are integrally located in the upper portion of the stainless steel cast body This area was designed to support the drilling and machining o
27. ve manifolds are recommended A manifold allows the user to calibrate the transmitter without removing it from the impulse tubing It also allows the user to drain the transmitter impulse tubing or vent to atmosphere Valve manifolds must be oriented according to the manufacturer s installation procedure to avoid the trapping of air or liquid 2 3 6 Shut Off Valves Always select a block valve that is properly rated for the design and operating pressure of the pipe in which it will be installed Dynamic Flow Computers Inc 2013 Page 12 COMPUTERS User Manual SmartCone Where dangerous or corrosive fluids or gases are likely the block valve and packing must provide ample protection The valves must not affect the transmission of the differential pressure signal Install block valves next to the SmartCone pressure ports Do not use globe valves for differential pressure transmission lines 2 4 Installation Checklist for the Transmitter Before starting up the SmartCone meter verify that the differential pressure transmitter or flow computer is installed correctly by reviewing the following checklist o Is the transmitter full scale set correctly Has the transmitter zero been checked and or adjusted Is the transmitter or flow computer set to the appropriate operating mode Linear or square root Have the impulse tubes to the transmitter been purged effectively Have the transmission lines been checked for leaks Is t
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