G Codes - Flint Machine Tools, Inc.
Contents
1. GO G90 Z 1 This line will be in rapid travel X1 3 Y2 7 This line will be in rapid travel G1 Z 245 The G1 will cancel the GO and use the F30 from above G91X 5 This will be at F30 0 G90 Z 1 GO This line will be in rapid travel Section 3 G Codes 47 Fadal G1 Linear Interpolation G2 Circular Interpolation Arc Clockwise G3 Circular Interpolation Arc Counterclockwise G4 Dwell EXAMPLE 48 User Manual This code is used for linear interpolation Linear moves can be made by one or any combination of all the active axes See Section 13 for more details on linear interpolation See also Section 12 for rotary axis interpolation details Note Max program feedrate at 100 is 400 IPM G2 is used for CW circular interpolation and helical moves See Section 13 for more details G2 X1 Y1 l 1 JO Note Max program feedrate at 100 is 400 IPM G3 is used for CCW circular interpolation and helical moves See Section 13 for more details G3 X1 Y1 l 1 JO Note Max program feedrate at 100 is 400 IPM Whenever a pause in the program is required use the G4 code A pause may be used to allow the spindle and coolant to fully turn on after using the M3 and M7 or M8 codes This often happens with a tall part or fixture where the tool gets to the top surface before the spindle is up to speed G90 GO S10000 M3 E1 X 45 Y 2 H1 Z 3 M8 G4 P1000 This one second dwell allows the spindle to c2. Function G40 Cutter Compensation Cancel G41 Cutter Compensation Left G42 Cutter Compensation Right G43 Tool Length Compensation Positive G44 Tool Length Compensation Negative April 2003 User Manual G90 G1 X4 Y4 G31 F50 XO YO G31 1 F1 V1 AX This saves the X position to V1 V2 AY This saves the Y position to V2 This code causes the machine to stop motion when the probe is not touching and then execution continues at the next line in the program The G31 1 can be used with table or spindle probes This code functions exactly like the G31 code See also G31 This code is used to cancel cutter radius compensation See Section 9 for details This code is used to activate cutter radius compensation to the left See Section 9 for details This code is used to activate cutter radius compensation to the right See Section 9 for details This code is used to apply tool length compensation to the Z axis in the positive direction This code is not required in programs primarily running on the FADAL control This code is supported for compatibility with other controls The direction of motion is determined by a combination of the sign of the offset value and the programmed G code G43 or G44 See the chart below with G44 This code is used to apply tool length compensation to the Z axis in the negative direction See the chart below This code is not required in programs primarily running on the FADA
3. Y Z RO or P e In the incremental mode G91 the current value is altered by the posi tive or negative value of X Y Z RO or P e L identifies the operation e P selects the offset or identifies the value for parameter RO R9 X Y Z identifies the axis and the value to be changed e RO identifies the value L2 Used to replace or alter fixture offsets L2 P 0 1 48 X Y Z A B With G90 G10 L2 P5 X1 3556 Y2 63 Z 01 This replaces the current value of fixture offset 5 with X1 356 Y2 63 Z 01 With G91 G10 L2 P5 X 1 This subtracts one inch from the current X value of fixture offset 5 L2 Used to offset the part home position with a coordinate system shift see G52 With G90 or G91 G10 L2 PO X1 Y1 PO functions as a G52 X1 Y1 April 2003 Section 3 G Codes 51 Fadal 52 L10 L12 L13 L14 L15 User Manual Used to replace or alter tool length offsets L10 P1 99 RO With G90 G10 L10 P12 RO 5 467 This replaces the current value of TLO 12 with 5 467 With G91 G10 L10 P12 RO 1 This adds one inch to the current value of TLO 12 Used to replace or alter a tool diameter L12 P1 99 RO With G90 G10 L12 P1 RO 52 This replaces the current value of dia offset 1 with 52 With G91 G10 L12 P1 RO 02 This subtracts 02 from the current value of dia offset 1 Used to read the values of a fixture offset L13 PO 1 48 With G90 or G91 G10 L13 P2 The RO vari
4. Y axis Positive values control the Z axis EXAMPLE G51 RO 6 This will decrease the length of all XY feed ramps G51 RO 6 This will decrease the length of a Z axis feed ramps e Use the RO and RO on separate lines e This code sometimes has a significant effect on the amount of time required to execute a particular program When the feed ramps are shorter the time to execute the program is reduced The more moves that are involved in the program the more significant the time savings The opposite effect would result if the ramps were lengthened e The shorter the ramps the more stress is placed on the machine If the machine does not respond favorably to shortened ramps either don t adjust them or lengthen them The undue stress will affect the axis sys tem for each axis unfavorably and cause premature breakdown The operator will notice excessive noise from the axes hot motors axis 62 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G51 1 Mirror Image EXAMPLE EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual amplifier faults and motor overload faults If the operator notices any of these symptoms lengthen the ramps This code activates the mirror image mode The axes to be mirrored are identified in the same block with the G51 1 code G51 1 X0 Only the X axis will be mirrored G51 1 X0 ZO Both X and Z will be mirrored e No motion will result from a block containing the G51 1 code e The mirror mode can be initiated from any positio
5. appear in the same block G90 and G91 are position sensitive therefore the moves to the left of the G90 code will be in absolute until the G91 code is used The G90 code is modal and will remain in effect until the G91 code is used EXAMPLE N12 G90 X2 G91 Y1 The X move will be absolute the Y move will be incremental N13 Z 02 G5 This Z move will be incremental N14 G90 X4 This X move will be absolute G91 Incremental This is a control mode in which the motion data input is in the form of Input incremental data The values programmed with the axis words are the distance and direction to move in relation to the current location Since blocks are processed in a left to right order both G90 and G91 may appear in the same block G90 and G91 are position sensitive therefore the moves to the left of the G91 code will be in incremental until the G90 code is used The G91 code is modal and will remain in effect until the G90 code is used EXAMPLE N12 G90 X2 G91 Y1 The X move will be absolute the Y move will be incremental N13 Z 02 G5 This Z move will be incremental N14 G90 X4 This X move will be absolute 72 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G91 1 High Speed Execution SPECIAL v FEATURE G91 2 High Speed Execution Cancel Format 2 Only G92 Absolute Preset EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual A control mode which enables high speed data block execution Using the 1400 2 processor t
6. the probe is long A method for accuracy would be to use the G31 and the G31 1 codes together Use the G31 at a high feed rate to get up to the wall With the high feed rate the stylus is angled and over the edge because of the time required to read the probe and stop the motion Then reverse the motion to move away from the wall with the G31 1 code in the line Do this at a slow feed rate At F1 the motion is slow enough that it will usually stop within one tenth The G31 1 will stop motion when the probe is not touching This means that the stylus will be perpendicular to the table and directly at the edge of the wall when the probe is not touching If the stylus is not running true or a chip is in the spindle the probe will not give a true position reading For consistency use an M19 to orient and lock the spindle at the same position each time the probe inserted in the spindle If an operator Is to place the probe in the spindle by hand orient the spindle prior to inserting it in the spindle Sometimes the stylus will work itself loose confirm that it is tightly screwed in before using the probe Section 3 G Codes 57 Fadal Storing Probed Positions Saving Positions Through the Rs 232 Port Saving Positions to P Words Saving the Position As a V Variable 58 User Manual 1 Any software designed to save data from the port will be sufficient to retain the data 2 When a touch is made the motion will stop and the
7. Coordinate System TCS similar to the way a fixture offset would be used except that the data for the shift is coded in the program The current TCS would have been established by either the CS command the SETH or SET axis letter commands the G92 code or the fixture offset codes G54 59 and E0 48 This code is used when an absolute subroutine or subprogram needs to be used at different locations Whereas an incremental subroutine or subprogram can be repeated from any location Note G52 does not cause any motion to take place It only references the new location on relation to the original zero L100 SUB FOR POCKET G90 GO X2 Y 2 Z 1 G1 F10 X2 5 G41 F30 Y 1 X1 5 Y 3 X2 5 Y 2 X2 G40 Z 1 GO M17 M30 Program Body X2 Y 2 This is the original position L101 Call subroutine 1 1 time G52 X2 Shift original XO position 2 inches from home L101 Call subroutine 1 1 time G52 X4 Shift original XO position 4 inches from home L101 Call subroutine 1 1 time Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal User Manual Cancel G52 G52 xX0 Shift is canceled to original XO home The G52 shift amount is canceled by using another G52 in the program with a zero shift amount See the program example above G53 Machine This code causes the control to use the machine tool coordinate system The Coordinate System machine tool coordinate system is established when the cold start CS command was used This code is useful whe
8. Fadal GO Rapid Travel April 2003 EXAMPLE User Manual Section 3 G Codes GO moves from one point to another point at the maximum traverse rate of the machine GO is generally used when cutting will not take place when moving from one location to another Multiple axis moves begin by all axes moving together at the same rate until each axis move is completed This gives the appearance of a forty five degree move at the beginning of the move For the remaining distances each axis will continue to move to the end point When using MDI a rapid Z axis move will move independent of the X Y A amp B axes When the Z axis is to move in the positive direction it moves prior to X Y A amp B axis motion When the Z axis is to move in the negative direction it moves after X Y A amp B axis motion GO is modal and will remain in effect until it is canceled by the G1 G2 or G3 codes GO will not cancel any feed rates used by the interpolation modes An F word can appear on the same line with a GO code however the F word will only be used when an interpolation code is used GO can appear at any point on a line to make all moves on the line rapid The rapid travel switch on the pendant can be used to alter the rapid travel rate The feed rate potentiometer will only affect the rapid rate during single step just after a slide hold and while in any of the dry run modes See also G5 Non Modal Rapid F30 This F word is modal
9. G47 Tool Offset Double Expansion G48 Tool Offset Double Reduction G49 Tool Length Offset Cancel EXAMPLE EXAMPLE EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual This code is used for reducing the program axis move by a value stored in the tool offset table See G45 GO G91 G46 X 1 0 H1 This code is used for extending the program axis move by a value stored in the tool table It is similar in function to a G45 but the value determined by the H word is doubled See G45 This code is used for reducing the program axis move by a value stored in the tool table It is similar in function to a G45 but the value determined by the H word is doubled See G45 This code cancels the current tool length offset programmed by the H word It causes the Z axis to move in the opposite direction and distance of the offset in the tool table e If the position of the Z axis is more than four inches above the program Z zero using this code will cause the machine to over travel in the Z axis If the tool is higher than four inches use a G53 ZO in place of the G49 ZO codes If the G53 ZO is used the M6 will automatically cancel the tool length offset 24 5 G80 M5 M9 G53 Z0 Use G53 not G49 when the Z is more than 4 above ZO M6 T2 This code is similar to using the HO code to cancel a tool length offset G90 GO HO Z0 or G90 GO G49 Z0 Both would function the same M6 T2 This code is used at the end of a program just before the M2 or M30 cod
10. L control This code is supported for compatibility with other controls The direction of motion is determined by a combination of the sign of the offset value and the programmed G code G43 G44 Table 2 Table Offset Code G43 Tool moves in plus direction If the offset in the table is Tool moves in minus direction If the offset in the table is G44 Tool moves in minus direction Tool moves in plus direction Section 3 G Codes 59 Fadal G45 Tool Offset Single Expansion 60 EXAMPLE User Manual This code is used for extending the programmed axis move by a value stored in the tool offset table The value is determined by an H word Program the H word in the same block with the G45 code and an axis move Only the block containing the G45 code is extended Note The G45 G46 G47 or G48 codes may only be used in X only Y only or quarter arc moves No angular movements or full circles are allowed These codes were commonly used before CNC equipment had cutter radius compensation and fixture offsets GO G91 G45 X1 0 H1 The above example extends the 1 0 axis move by the tool length value of offset 1 Tool length offset is not applied to the Z axis To restore extended values to the original programmed values a single reduction must be programmed in the opposite direction See G46 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G46 Tool Offset Single Reduction EXAMPLE
11. NG Z RAPIDS UP TO INITIAL Z1 See Section 4 Fixed Cycles for more details Section 3 G Codes April 2003
12. TP command See Section 8 SETME and SETP commands See also the G71 code This code is used to return all axes Format 1 or a specific axis Format 2 to the current Tooling Coordinate System Home Position The G28 code acts the same in absolute and incremental mode Typically it is used to move home after a G92 or G52 code is used The G28 will ignore the G92 preset position or a G52 shift and move to the positions established by the SET X Y Z A B or H commands or by a fixture offset The G92 and G52 codes will remain in effect after the G28 move If a fixture offset is in effect the G28 will return all axes to the fixture home position unless a motion word appears with the G28 code The G28 will not cancel the fixture offset If a Z offset is in effect that is larger than 4 0 inches and the Z axis SET position is at the cold start position the Z axis will over travel on the G28 line It would be best to not use a G28 in this case Instead use an M6 to cancel the Z offset then use an EO XO YO e This code will cancel an H word if it is in effect e Motion words to a position in the same block with a G28 will be exe cuted before the G28 and the position will be retained as the initial posi tion during execution of a G29 code M5 M9 Section 3 G Codes 55 Fadal User Manual G28 All axes will move to the current home position MO OPERATOR CHANGE CLAMPSL EXAMPLE M5 M9 G28 Y6 The Y axis will move to Y6 0 the initial posi
13. X1 Y 5 Rotate the program around X1 Y 5 by 1 2 degrees Rules e CRC can be used after rotation is in effect and should be canceled before G69 is used A part program cannot be rotated while CRC is in effect e Rotation continues until a G69 is coded e Fixture offsets are allowed with rotation The moves to the offsets are not rotated e Rotation must be established prior to Fixed Cycle definitions and affects only the positions for execution Fixed cycles and Fixed Subroutines will not be rotated to another plane AllX and Y or X Zor Y Z or X Y and Z positions are required for lin ear moves even if they are zero or non motion moves e Inthe selected plane all X Y and J or X Z K or Y Z J K positions are required for circular moves even if they are zero or non motion moves EXAMPLE G17 GO G90 E1 XO Y 25 H1 Z 1 G1F5 Z 5 G68 XO Y 25 RO 45 XO YO G41 CRC turned on after rotation X1 0 YO G1 F30 Code Y even though it is a non motion move 70 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G69 Coordinate System Rotation Cancel G70 Inch Programming G71 Metric Programming G73 G76 G81 G89 Fixed Cycles G80 Fixed Cycle Cancel EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual X1 0 Y 5 10 J 25 G3 Code X even though it is a non motion move X0 Y 5 Code Y even though it is a non motion move XO Y 25 G40 Code X even though it is a non motion move G69 Cancel rotation This code cancels the coordinate
14. ZX G19 YZ PLANE PLANE PLANE VIEW FACING MACHINE G2 G3 G2 G2 G3 G18 LOOKING Y TOOL MOTION Section 3 G Codes X Z iy G2 N Y G19 VIEW FACING MACHINE LOOKING X TOOL MOTION I J K I J K April 2003 Fadal G17 1 G17 2 A B Word Swap y SPECIAL FEATURE G20 Inch Programming G21 Metric Programming G28 Return to Zero Format 1 EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual The G17 1 word activates B axis command substitution for the A axis command This allows the use of the A axis rotary moves in one program for use with rotary heads on both pallets If the program calls for an A axis move and the rotary device is connected to the B axis controller the G17 1 code will swap the A word for a B word Existing programs written for the dual 4th axis setups that contain both A and B words are allowed The G17 1 will automatically swap the B words to A words The G17 2 word cancels A B axis command swap mode This code is used to verify that the operator has set the CNC to the INCH mode This code does not place the machine in the inches mode The inch mode is set with the SETIN or SETP command See Section 8 SETIN and SETP commands See also the G70 code This code is used to verify that the operator has set the CNC to the METRIC mode This code does not place the machine in the metric mode The metric mode is set with the SETME or SE
15. able the Z amount the R1 X and the R2 Y Used to read the value of a tool length offset L14 P1 99 With G90 or G91 G10 L14 P2 The RO variable the offset amount of TLO 2 Used to read the value of a diameter offset L15 P1 99 With G90 or G91 G10 L15 P2 The RO variable the offset amount of diameter 2 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal L100 L109 April 2003 User Manual Used to replace or alter the value of a variable L100 P With G90 G10 L102 P 6 5 This replaces the current value of the R2 variable with 6 5 With G91 G10 L102 P 543 This adds 543 to the current value of the R2 variable Used to facilitate turret tests With G90 or G91 05805 WORK TOOL CHANGER L100 G10 T1 M6 1 T1 T 2 M17 M30 L199 PUT A TOOL IN SPINDLE MO FINISHED TEST Section 3 G Codes 53 Fadal G15 YZ Circular Interpolation With The A Axis y SPECIAL FEATURE G17 G19 Plane Selection 54 User Manual This code is used when the bottom of a cutter is required to cut an arc with Y Z and A axis motion See Section 12 for more details Plane selection codes are used to identify the plane for such functions as e Circular Interpolation G2 G3 e Cutter Compensation G40 G42 e Coordinate Rotation G68 G69 e Flat Cam XY Plane Conversion to XA XB Motion See Section 12 X G17 VIEW FACING MACHINE LOOKING Z TOOL MOTION G17 XY G18
16. current position will be output through the port G1 G31 X1 F50 This line sends just the X axis location to the port G1 G31 X2 Y5 F50 This line sends the X and Y locations to the port G1 G31 X3 Y 4 Z 2 F50 This line sends the X Y and Z locations to the port 3 Macro SPRINT statements can be used just before the probe line to identify the information being saved SPRINT PROBE TOUCH 1 G1 X1 Y1 G31 1 P1 P2 and P3 are used to save the touch positions when the fixed probe subroutines are going to be used in the program See Touch Probe Section 15 G1 X3 Y 6 G31 P1 The first touch position is saved to P1 XO YO G5 G1 X0 Y6 G31 P2 The second touch position is saved to P2 XO YO G5 G1 X 3 Y 6 G31 P3 The third touch position is saved to P3 L9101 R1 2 Use probe fixed subroutine function 2 to find center 2 P1 P2 and P3 can be used with the macro PX1 3 PY1 3 PZ1 3 PA1 3 and PB1 3 variables When a probe touch G31 or probe no touch G31 1 is used on a line with a P1 P2 or P3 each axis position is stored regardless of the axis that moved to get the touch point G90 GO X3 Y 6 Z1 H21 G1 F30 G31 Z 2 F1 ZO G31 1 P1 P1 has stored the XYZAB position at this line V1 PZ1 PRINT THE TOUCH POINT IS X PX1 Y PY1 AND Z PZ1 1 The current position can be saved to a V variable by using a macro AX AY AZ AA or AB command Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G31 1 Probe No Touch
17. ed to help the tool move from place to place when inertia may be a problem The use of the G9 code as opposed to using the G8 code will help insure contouring accuracy If an axis is faulting at a certain move the G9 could be used to help the machine to get through the move by decelerating at the end of the move and then accelerating again at the beginning of the next move The deceleration will only slow the tool down at the end of the move It will not come to a complete stop e This code is modal and will remain in effect until the G8 code is used e This code is default for format one EXAMPLE xX1 0G9 X2 0 X3 0 G9 as anIn Position To stop the tool completely at the end of each move an in position check must Check be used The G9 code used in succession on two or more lines causes an in position check Because of the look ahead processing the line with the first G9 in successive order will use the in position check See also G4 and M95 for other forms of in position check 50 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal User Manual EXAMPLE xX1 0 G9 Because of the look ahead the first G9 will be an in position check X2 0 G9 In position check X3 0 GY In position check G10 Programmable This code is used to replace alter or read the values of fixture offsets tool Data Input offsets and parameters RO through R9 e When G10 is used in the absolute mode G90 the current value is replaced by the value identified by X
18. es G90 GO G49 Z0 EO XO YO M2 This code is used on a line just before each M6 line to prevent over travel or tool crashes during direct mid tape starts on the tool change line Section 3 G Codes 61 Fadal User Manual G50 Ramp Control This code resets the ramp control to the default values See G51 Cancel G50 1 Mirror Image This code is used to deactivate the mirror image mode Cancel EXAMPLE G51 1 X0 X3 Y 3 G50 1 Deactivates mirror image G51 Ramp Control This code is used to increase or decrease the length of time for the feed ramps between moves A feed ramp is the time against feed rate on a graph When TIME a feed rate is specified it requires the user to specify the amount of time to SAVER reach that feed rate and a specify the amount of time to slow down at the end of a move Imagine a truck at a stop sign It takes a certain amount of time to get up to speed as opposed to a car at the same stop sign it would take less time to get up to speed With less weight on the table the ramps could be reduced With a heavier weight on the table the ramps may need to be lengthened A value between 5 and 2 default being 1 is specified with the RO word Values less than 1 will decrease the time and values greater than 1 will increase the time The sign or of the value identifies the controlled axis For example RO used with a negative value controls the ramp length of the X and
19. es are returned to the initial position EXAMPLE G29 X5 0 56 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal G31 Probe Touch Function April 2003 User Manual This only returns the X axis to the INITIAL position before moving incrementally the programmed amount All other axes remain at their current location The G31 is only used in conjunction with a probe This code causes the machine to stop motion when the probe is touched and then execution continues at the next line in the program The G31 can be used with table or spindle probes see also G31 1 e The motion can be defined in absolute or incremental terms e The positions can be stored with a P word a macro V variable and out put through the RS232 port e All G31 moves must be G1 linear moves no GO G2 or G3 moves are allowed Rotation can be in effect when the G31 is used CRC should not be in effect when G31 is used e Mirrored axes should be canceled before using the G31 code e Fixed cycles need to be canceled before using the probe Note Program a move that would normally be excessive For example if a one inch move is required to get the probe up to a wall use a two inch move in the program The probe will stop the motion and whatever motion is remaining for that line will be discarded and the control will continue execution of the program at the next line Expect some over travel if the feed rate used with the move is high and also if the stylus in
20. f To continue program execution press the Start or Auto button The G5 code is used for non modal rapid moves It exhibits the same motion as GO however this code will only affect the line in which it exists X2 5 G1 F20 G5 Z 1 Rapid movement of this line only X3 0 Y 2 5 The G1 is still in effect from above This code is used when no hesitation is desired between moves If the tool hesitates the tool pressure lessens and the tool will leave a tool mark on the contour The G8 code would be used to eliminate the tool marks The hesitation is called a feed ramp or acceleration deceleration Ramping is used to help the tool move to the desired position Section 3 G Codes 49 Fadal User Manual The G8 code is often used in combination with the M92 code e This code is modal and will remain in effect until the G9 code is used The G8 code is a default code for format two e The G8 code is incompatible with a G41 or G42 coded on the same line e The G9 code is used to cancel the G8 code EXAMPLE GO G8 G90 Ramping is off at this line G2 1 5 G91 2 02 L7 X 5 G41 X 55 Y 55 1 55 G3 e The M95 code is used as a non modal form of the G9 code It is gener ally used when G8 is in effect See M95 for more details G9 Deceleration This code is used when hesitation is desired between moves When the tool Feed Ramps hesitates the tool pressure lessens and the tool will leave a tool mark on the contour The G9 would be us
21. he CNC executes up to 72 data blocks per second throughput whereas normal execution is about 22 per second e When using the 1400 3 or 4 processor it is not necessary to use G91 1 since the throughput is 250 data blocks per second In G91 1 mode motion words must be programmed in incremental and be segmented Mid program tape starts are not allowed in this mode Subroutines or subprograms are not allowed in this mode The following codes are the only codes allowed during this mode of execution GO G1 G2 G3 G8 G9 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M8 M9 M95 X Y Z Ad B F l J K S Note This is best used in Format 2 The G91 1 code is canceled with the G91 2 code Format 1 G90 cancels the G91 2 The G91 2 is used to deactivate the high speed execution mode in Format 2 only High speed execution is best used in Format 2 The G91 1 code is canceled with the G91 2 code See Section 2 M Codes M94 1 for high feed rate machining The G92 is used to establish a temporary Program Coordinate System PCS The axis words coded in the same line with the G92 establish the current axis position to those axis words For example G92 X3 Y2 would establish the current position of the machine to X3 Y2 Then all subsequent axis words will be relative to this new position A G28 code can be used to return to the original tool coordinate system To cancel the G92 move to the original tool coordinate system with a G90 G28 XO YO or equi
22. is the correctly modified form when fixed cycles and subroutines are in a sub 01 L100 G67 Cancel the modal subroutine at the beginning of the sub G81 G99 RO 1 Z 5 F40 L95307 RO 75 R1 0 R2 45 G66 L101 Make the subroutine L100 modal at this point M17 M30 M6T1 DRILL G90 GO S10000 M3 E1 X3 Y 3 H1 Z 1 M8 L101 The sub will be repeated at X3 Y 3 X6 The sub will be repeated at this location Y 6 The sub will be repeated at this location X3 The sub will be repeated at this location G67 The modal sub is canceled here Section 3 G Codes 69 Fadal User Manual G67 Cancel Modal The G67 cancels a modal subroutine The G67 works in the same way as a G80 Subroutine cancels a fixed cycle X6 Y 3 Repeat Subroutine 1 at this location G67 Cancel modal Subroutine 1 G68 Coordinate The G68 activates a mode to rotate the coordinate system of the current plane System Rotation Selected by G17 G18 or G19 In G17 only X Y I and J are rotated In G18 only X Z I and K are rotated In G19 only Y Z and K are rotated The angle of rotation is coded in decimal degrees by the RO word A positive value designates counterclockwise rotation A negative value designates clockwise rotation An X Y or Z word coded with the G68 defines the rotation center and must be in absolute G90 terms All parameters must be in the line with the G68 code EXAMPLE G68 R0 56 X0 YO Rotate the program around XO YO 56 degrees G68 RO 1 2
23. n but for all practical uses it should be initiated from the zero position of the axis to be mir rored This is especially true in absolute e Absolute and incremental moves can be mirrored e Use G50 1 to cancel the mirror mode e When mirroring contouring moves the climb cuts become conventional and vice versa The program may require the G41 codes to be changed to G42 This is something that a programmer must determine Some times left handed cutters with M4 can be used with contouring moves that have been mirrored GO G90 E1 X0 YO Move to the zero position of the axis to be mirrored H12Z 1 M7 G51 1 X0 YO Mirror X and Y G1 Z 25 F40 X1 YO Mirror image position X 1 0 Y0 0 Y 1 Mirror image position X 1 0 Y1 0 XO Mirror image position X 0 0 Y1 0 G50 1 Cancel Mirror image Section 3 G Codes 63 Fadal User Manual G51 2 Tool Load This code activates the Tool Load Compensation TLC option The G51 2 and Compensation TLC the following parameters have been designed to automatically adjust the feed rate according to tool load conditions OPTIONA y L This option is a time saver because the feed rates can be increased automatically when conditions allow Instead of using a generalized safe feed rate the feed rate can be calculated for the maximum condition and then automatically reduced by tool load conditions when it is being cut R1 Target Spindle The R1 variable represents the target
24. n it is desired to move to an object that is secured to the table The object may be something that is used by many fixtures or tools from many different jobs One use may be the TS 27 probe for setting tools Another use may be a diamond used for dressing grinding tools The G53 is anon modal code It will affect only the line in which it exists EXAMPLE G90 X0 Y2 This position is relative to the part home G53 YO The tool will move to the cold start YO position YO This position is relative to the part home The G53 should be the only G code in the line e Code an X position Y position or any axis position with the G53 to indi cate where to move in relation to the machine tool coordinate system EXAMPLE M5 M9 G53 Z0 M6 T4 G53 X 19 75 Y 9 8 MOVE TO TABLE PROBE Z 50 G1 F60 G31 e A G53 Z0 is usually used on the line just prior to an M6 This will make a quicker tool change and it offers some insurance when doing mid tape starts that the tool will not crash into the part April 2003 Section 3 G Codes 67 Fadal G54 G59 Fixture Offsets EXAMPLE G66 Modal Subroutine SPECIALF v EATURE EXAMPLE 68 User Manual These codes may be used for fixture offset locations E1 E6 Specify a G54 code to access fixture offset number 1 a G55 code for number 2 and up to a G59 code for number 6 For fixture offsets after number 6 the E words must be used These codes are supported for compa
25. ome up to speed X3 G1 F80 e APword represents time The time is given in milliseconds e P1 1 1000 second or one millisecond e P500 500 milliseconds or 1 2 second e P60000 1 minute The G4 would also be used in a situation where the tool needs to dwell to allow for spindle rotation such as a spot face or counter bore situation A general rule to follow is to dwell for at least three revolutions To calculate elapsed time Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal EXAMPLE G4 as an In position Check G4 as a Program Stop SPECIAL s FEATURE G5 Non Modal Rapid SPECIAL v FEATURE EXAMPLE G8 Acceleration No Feed Ramps TIME SAVER April 2003 User Manual during three revolutions divide 180 000 by the RPM used The 180 000 represents time in milliseconds for three minutes For 5000 RPM 180 000 5000 36 G1 F10 Z 25 G4 P36 Dwell for 36 milliseconds 3 revolutions at 5000 RPM ZO GO The use of a G4 without the P word will perform an in position check This would be non modal and would only affect the line in which it existed See also G9 X1 0 G4 An in position check is forced here X2 0 X3 0 The use of a G4 with P66000 forces an endless dwell or a program stop placing the machine in the waiting state When in the WAITING state the spindle and coolant will remain on as opposed to MO and M1 which turn them of
26. rol adjusts the feed rates the display will reflect the changes as they occur During AUTO the operator may press the or button to manually override the specified target load parameters TAR 60 MOD 100 POW 100 Target Power R1 Programmed Feed Rate Actual Power This allows the programmer to scale all or individual axis dimensions The G51 3 code with the R1 parameter will scale all axes The R2 will scale the X axis only The R3 is used for the Y axis and the R4 for the Z axis The with the parameters represents a percentage to scale The percentage is represented in the decimal form For example 2 0 would double the size 5 would half the size N1 O1 PART 1234 Cut part N2 M6T1 TOOL 1 N3 GO G90 S2500 M3 E1 XOYO N4 H1 D1Z 1 N4 G51 3 R1 2 Scale all axes by 2 times scale factor 2 Cut part N4074 G51 3 R1 1 Cancel scaling or scale factor 1 N4075 GO G90 HO ZO Circular moves will be scaled according to the axis being scaled If the X axis is scaled the for the circle center description will be scaled in the same proportion The same would apply for the Y and Z axis When the circles are to Section 3 G Codes 65 Fadal G52 Coordinate System Shift 66 EXAMPLE User Manual be scaled it is suggested that the axes of the plane selection be scaled proportionally For example in G18 the X and Z axes should be scaled at the same percentage This code is used to shift the current Tooling
27. spindle load to maintain If the tool load is Load percentage less than this amount the feed rate will be increased if the tool load equals or exceeds this amount the feed rate will be reduced R2 Minimum The R2 parameter represents the lowest percentage to modify the feed rate Percentage Feed The lowest modification allowed is 20 percent By reducing the feed rate the Rate Reduction chip load will also be reduced If the R2 parameter is too low the reduced feed rate may cause excessive tool wear R3 Maximum When cutting conditions are correct and the spindle load is lower than what the Percentage Feed R1 parameter is set for the feed rate will be modified by the R3 percentage Rate Increase This parameter must be considered carefully because it will affect the chip load of the tool If the feed rate increases so does the chip load If the chip load increases too much it may cause the tool to break It is suggested to select a maximum percentage for which the tool is designed To determine this percentage select an appropriate feed rate multiply it by two thirds 66666 and use the result for the feed rate in the program Use an R3 value of 150 with G51 2 code For example if the appropriate feed rate is 30 then 50 66666 19 9998 or 20 Modifying 20 by 150 will result in maintaining the appropriate feed rate when the spindle load is lower than the target load factor R4 Number of f the feed rate is programmed at the lowes
28. system rotation mode see G68 for program example This code is used to verify that the operator has set the CNC to the INCH mode This code does NOT place the machine in the inches mode The inch metric mode is set with the SETIN or SETP command See Section 8 SETIN and SETP commands This code is used to verify that the operator has set the CNC to the METRIC mode This code does NOT place the machine in the metric mode The inch metric mode is set with the SETME or SETP command See Section 8 SETME and SETP commands These are a preset series of operations which direct Z axis movement and or cause spindle operation to complete such actions as boring drilling tapping The fixed cycle selection is modal The cycle is repeated after each M45 or X Y A or B axis move until the cycle is canceled by a G80 See also Chapter 4 Fixed Cycles This code cancels the current fixed cycle N15 X1 0 Y1 0 N14 G80 In Format 1 the Z axis will return to the initial plane In Format 2 the Z axis will return to the plane indicated by the use of the G98 or G99 code Section 3 G Codes 71 Fadal User Manual G90 Absolute Input A control mode in which the motion data input is in the form of absolute dimensions The values programmed with the axis words are the locations to move to in relation to the current zero position See also Coordinate System Section 11 Since blocks are processed in a left to right order both G90 and G91 may
29. t feed rate modification established Seconds at Minimum by the R2 parameter for longer than the R4 parameter value the machine will Feed Rate Until the be placed in SLIDE HOLD The R2 parameter is the lowest feed rate Control Activates modification When used it is an indication that the tool is getting dull or the Slide Hold cutting condition is excessive for the tool The time to remain in this condition must be determined carefully It must be short enough to force the machine into slide hold when appropriate and long enough to allow for intermittent periods of expected high load conditions Suggested parameters are given in the following example EXAMPLE G0 G90 E1 X0 YO 64 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal Canceling G51 2 TLC TLC Manual Target Power Override G51 3 Axis Scaling EXAMPLE April 2003 User Manual H1 Z1 M7 G51 2 R1 60 0 R2 50 0 R3 150 0 R4 15 0 Activate TLC G1 F100 Z 1 cut part G51 2 R1 0 0 Cancel TLC M6 T2 An M6 will also cancel TLC Note The feed rate to be modified is on the line after the line where the G51 2 was used No other feed rates should appear after the initial feed rate or until the G51 2 is canceled Use the G51 2 R1 0 in the program at the point where TLC is to be canceled An M6 will also cancel the TLC mode See the program example above When the TLC is active in AUTO the parameters will be displayed in the upper right portion of the screen As the cont
30. tibility and can be used in both format one and two See Section 11 Fixture Offsets for more details GO G90 S3000 M3 G54 X0 YO H1 Z1 M7 This code defines a subroutine as being modal The subroutine is executed at each X Y A B position programmed or when an M45 is coded in the same manner as any fixed cycle would be repeated This code is a time saver and a memory saver in that the programmer does not have to type the sub call after each positioning move It is a memory saver because the memory space used for each sub call is no longer needed e Use G67 to cancel the modal subroutine call e Subs can be incremental or written in absolute 01 L100 GO G90 Z 05 G1 G91 X 2 Z 05 F10 l 2 G3 Z 1 l 2 G3 X 2 G90GO0 2 05 M17 M30 M6T1 GO G90 S3000 M3 E1 X0 YO Hi Z1 M7 G66 L101 Defines subroutine 1 to be modal X3 Y 3 Repeat Subroutine 1 at this location X6 Y 3 Repeat Subroutine 1 at this location G67 Cancel G66 Section 3 G Codes April 2003 Fadal April 2003 EXAMPLE User Manual Fixed subroutines and Fixed Cycles cannot be used in a subroutine that will be modal however they can be in a subroutine that will not be modal This is the incorrect form of fixed cycles and subroutines in a sub 01 L100 G81 G99 RO 1 Z 5 F40 L95307 RO 75 R1 0 R2 45 M17 M30 M6T1 DRILL G90 GO S10000 M3 E1 X3 Y 3 H1Z 1 M8 G66 L101 Note Example 2 is not possible without modification This
31. tion then all axes move home Format 2 Format 2 programming requires the axis to be specified in the block with the G28 for it to move to that position EXAMPLE G28Z0 Only the Z axis will move to the zero position G28 X0 Only the X axis will move to the zero position G28 will cancel the current fixture offset and move to the location established with the motion word on the same line as the G28 code unlike Format 1 where G28 moves to the location in reference to the last called out fixture The G28 moves are relative to the CS position or the SETX SETY SETZ SETA SETB or SETH commands whichever was used last G28 1 Cancel JOG This code is used to cancel the jog away amount and return specified axes to AWAY the current programmed position This code is only intended to be used with option number two from the jog away return selection menu The G28 1 code acts the same in absolute and incremental mode EXAMPLE Table 1 Cancel Jog Away JOG AWAY PROGRAMMED POSITION MACHINE POSITION OFFSET X3 0 Y3 0 X3 1000 Y3 1000 X0 1000 YO 1000 G28 1 XO X3 0000 Y3 1000 X0 0000 Y0 1000 Note The value in the axis word with the G28 1 is irrelevant and is only used to determine which axis to cancel jog away G29 Return from This code is used to return all axes to the initial position established with the Zero last G28 code used in the program Motion words in the same block as the G29 will be executed after the ax
32. valent move then code a G92 XO YO No other codes are allowed in the same block with the G92 except X Y Z A or B G90 GO X3 75 Y 4 65 G9 X2 YO Current location now is X2 YO Section 3 G Codes 73 Fadal G93 I T Inverse Time Feed Rate Specification IPM inches DPM degrees G94 Feed Rate Specification MMPM IPM or DPM G98 Return to Initial Plane 74 User Manual G28 X0 YO Move to original home G92 X0 YO Cancels the previous G92 preset See also Section 11 Program Coordinate System A control mode in which the feed rate is specified as one divided by the time to complete the move This value is usually computed by dividing the desired feed rate by the length of the actual tool path See Rotary Axes Section 12 for more details This is the default code and does not need to be coded in the program The mode insures that the feed rate will be specified by Millimeters Per Minute Inches Per Minute or Degrees Per Minute When rotary axes are programmed the feed rate is automatically in degrees per minute When G93 is used this code MUST be coded before a linear or rotary axis motion is programmed See Rotary Axes Section 12 for more details This is a control mode in which after performing the fixed cycle the Z axis is returned to the Initial plane This location is identified by the Z axis location prior to a fixed cycle definition G90 H1 Z1 M7 G81 G98 RO 1 Z 1 F20 X0 YO AFTER DRILLI
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