By: Laurent Wismer & George Oner Water and Habitat Unit
Contents
1. flows that the pump can produce A Pump Curve represents the relationship between the head and flow rate that a pump can deliver at its nominal speed setting Head is the head gain imparted to the water by the pump A valid pump curve must have decreasing head with increasing flow NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 14 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Additional Data Type What type of pump it is Usually the manufacturer and the operational mode Power kVA This is the power rating of the pump Model No The model Number as issued by manufacturer or any existing industry standards The Date Installed State amp Comments are as already described in earlier chapters see Junctions or Reservoirs 4 3 Valves Valves are used to control the pressure or flow at a specific point in the network Reduced assure 150psi PRV Fig 3 Two stage serial reduction configuration supply Pressure FI NOTE GV amp NRV are not considered as valves Shutoff gate valves and check non return valves which completely open or close pipes are not considered as separate valve components but are instead included as a property of the pipe in which they are placed NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 15 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Valve ID A unique identifier for the particular valve Usually a serial sequence with prefix letter V as in V001 V002 VOOS Vxxn Node 1 and Node 2 are as described2. By Laurent Wismer amp George Oner Water and Habitat Unit International Committee of the Red Cross Nairobi regional Delegation Table of content le TINTO aid iia da 1 First a set of parameter must be set in the main worksheet occcocccccocnccccccocncconncononenncnanonos 2 Second the data must be entered or imported Data are entered or imported worksheets that are mentioned right after If data are imported it is done with the importation tools 2 2 MAN to tet ed ee ree re et ores 2 O A bee tak ia a Greet A 5 eG eg S O eee 5 Base DA orton E AE E a E E EEE aat 5 o A a A 6 Bice FROSCIVOINS uri A Ai N 7 Ba CD gaan ede me a ee on ge CORO tT en Daa a CAE Rr CL a 8 PROG OMIA Data a 9 QUAD cea 9 dr MANS dd dio 10 A a eve ene aienin a nate tus sean eeeiie cases EEN 10 AOCINONM Al Data aiii di 11 do SA A A O 11 4 1 FUSS ass eh eek tana aspen dase cease ae noes ele oem cued E eae 12 SS Ai he ie ae tind a A IA 12 Additional Data 14 A O ute PP OU III tect et ta seekerceaeaoueue 14 DIS MA e E e eG el 14 Additonal Dita nara rod 15 71 OG VAINO EA o Un A O OP TN CE 15 Additional Dala narra Uadec aa 16 e WENTIGES run ala iaa cutad odia 16 BSC Dala menona aa 17 ola MO A A A A A A 17 6 PATTERN AND CURVY Eerste ON 18 Ode Pale eeen A A E 18 A I Sager ace atest a a A tert Mun uogd date 18 To at cee as estate A ye cisectcis cap eeuiaee Miva haeieeastetien econ E 19 8 THE TOOLS MENU cosido dp 19 Sul
3. NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Below is a table of minor loss coefficients for a variety of network components Tees Flanged Line Flow 0 2 eae Line Flow 0 9 minor toss E V 2 g 1 Flanged Branch Flow 1 0 where Threaded Branch Flow 2 0 Threaded Union 0 08 Aminor_toss Minor head loss m Elbows f o Flanged Regular 90 0 3 minor loss coefficient Threaded Regular 90 1 5 v flow velocity m s Threaded Regular 45 0 4 Flanged Long Radius 90 0 2 g acceleration of gravity m s Threaded Long Radius 90 0 7 Flanged Long Radius 45 0 2 180 Return Bends Flanged 0 2 Threaded 1 5 Valves Fully Open Globe 10 Fully Open Angle 2 Fully Open Gate 0 15 1 4 Closed Gate 0 26 1 2 Closed Gate 2 1 3 4 Closed Gate 17 Forward Flow Swing Check 2 Fully Open Ball 0 05 1 3 Closed Ball 5 5 2 3 Closed Ball 200 Pipe Entrance Reservoir to Pipe Square Connection 0 5 FLOW Rounded Connection 0 2 Re entrant pipe juts into tank 1 0 PLBP Pipe Exit Pipe to Reservoir FLAP HINGE HINGE Square Connection 1 0 RUBBER SEAL RUBBER SEAL Rounded Connection 1 0 Re entrant pipe juts into tank 1 0 Eee OPEN Status Whether the pipe is Closed Open or is fitted with a Check Valve Check valves are two port valves meaning they have two openings in the body one for fluid to enter and the other for fluid to leave Could be gate or non return valves NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 13 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User
4. amp pressures Visualisation Cross check with free Sat pictures NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 1 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 When NSM is opened many worksheets already exist and the worksheet Main is open 40 4 4 gt h Main Junction Y Reservoir Tank Pipe Pump Walve Vertice Pattern Curve Chart If trying to do a chronological sequence of the worksheets and tools that will be used it would be like presented after First a set of parameter must be set in the main worksheet Second the data must be entered or imported Data are entered or imported worksheets that are mentioned right after If data are imported it is done with the importation tools e The nodes in orange junction reservoir tank links in green pipe pump and valve and vertices in pink are components of the network They need to be filled in first e The pattern and curve in yellow are information about the water consumption of the community and the pump tank reservoir that will be used by the components of the network for a pump or a junction with beneficiaries They need to be filled in paralle to the nodes links worksheet However given that some patterns and curves are already implemented these worksheet might be used without being modified Then data can be organised modified and checked using the organisation modification tools and the main worksheet The result can be seen in the chart worksheet whi
5. 156W 150W 153W 35 24E 30E 278 6 150W 144W 147W 36 30E 36E 33E 7 144W 138W 141W 37 36E 42E 39E 8 138W 132W 135W 38 42E 48E 45E 9 132W 126W 129W 39 48E 54E 51E 10 126w 120W 123W 40 54E 60E 57E 11 120W 114W 117W 41 60E 66E 63E 12 114W 108W 111W 42 66E 72E 69E 13 108W 102W 105W 43 72E 78E 75E 14 102W 96W 99W 44 78E 84E 81E 15 96W 90W 93W A5 84E 90E 87E 16 90W 84W 87W 46 90E 96E 93E 17 S4w 78W 81W 47 96E 102E 99 F 18 78W 72W 75W 48 102E 108E 105E 19 72W 66W 69W 49 108E 114E 111E 20 66W 60W 63W 50 114E 120E 117E 21 60W 54W 57W 51 120E 126E 123E 22 54W 48W 51W 52 126E 132E 129E as 48W 42W 45W 53 132E 138E 135E 24 42W 36W 39W 54 138E 144E 141E 25 36W 30W 33W 55 144E 150E 147E 26 30W 24W 27 56 150E 156E 193E 27 24W 18W 21W 57 156E 162E 159E 28 18W 12W 15W 58 162E 168E 165E 29 12W 6W Ow 59 168E 174E 171E 30 6w OF 3W 60 174E 180W E As can be seen there are 60 zones of 6 longitude belts which run serially from 180 Longitude to 180 Longitude Similarly there are 20 Sectors named serially in alphabetical order from C to X excluding and O of 8 Latitude belts ranging from 80 latitude to 80 latitude This is such that C M and N X represent the southern and northern hemispheres respectively See the UTM zones and sectors for the whole below When the square of interest is identified first read the zone number of the column on the bot
6. Manual 14 09 2012 Additional Data Additional info Comments _ 3 S c Y o E lt 0 Ja Material This is the material of the pipe such as Gl PVC Steel etc lt is important to understand the derivation of the absolute roughness values PN This is the nominal pressure of the pipe lt indicates the maximum working pressure for a pipe External Diameter This is the diameter of the exterior ring surface of the pipe Thickness This is the difference between the internal and external diameters It is the incident perpendicular distance from the centre of the pipe that is in contact with the pipe material The command find will return a thickness based on the material and the PN For this command to work the material and PN must be put as indicated in the comment relative to their column for example for the nominal pressure it must be written PN10 and not 10 If the material is different than the one proposed in the comment of material it will return Mat unknown The date installed and State and Comments are as discussed in the earlier instances 4 2 PUMP Base Data Base data Pump ID Node 1 Node 2 PumpCurve Pattern Description Pump ID A unique identifier for the particular pump Usually a serial sequence with prefix letters Pu as in Pu0O1 Pu002 PUDOS Puxxn Node1 amp Node 2 are as explained under pipes except that Node1 is usually a reservoir PumpCurve lt is the combination of heads and
7. TT le ERES ue CUT AP T ENE LOT rr UN Pt A a ea e PA IMAN HORE See A La e LAL pe le 2 fas fe fe fo 9 22 9 e f2g 2 26 2525 a 20 20 on 9S 7 8097 9040 41 42 49 44a este PELE RO e RO ht oER ETT ETT TTT se ee T Ee CAN eT TATE EE EH E A EEE A e E ALA TTT TT eg i ECC A a ERS EECEREREEPEPEEREELET belfast nw if i fo ooo of fof oom fol 80s i 130W174W163W1621W1556W4150W19414138W4132W4126W4120W41 14 OSWwAO2W 9644 SOW Saw Few 72w 66 BOW Saw gew 42w 36W 30W 249w Sw 12Ww BW 0 6E 12E 18E 24E 30E 36E 42E 48E 54E 60E 66E 72E 7SE 84E 90E 96E 102E 108E114E 120E 126E 132E 138E 144E 150E 156E 162E 168E 174E 180E NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 1 1 LWI GON
8. in periods when pumping or extraction from the reservoir is not on going They are like buffer systems to regulate flow at the distribution end Diameter Overflow Max level Outlet aa Min level lt a Figure 2 Tanks modelling Base Data Base data Tank X Init Min Max Min Vol 749 042 9819 024 1 619 as f oo Nouveau Tank ID This is the unique identifier to identify the particular storage tank in the database Like all the other components every tank must have a unique identifier which as the name implies must not be similar to any other tank Usually a serial sequence prefixed with letter as in T001 T002 TOOS Txxxn X Coord and Y Coord are as explained under Junctions and Reservoirs NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 10 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Elevation As shown on the model elevation is the height of the tank bottom above mean sea level Since most of the times they are elevated tanks this may be obtained by determining the height of the ground surface and adding the height of the tank base above ground Initial Level This is the height of water surface above tank bottom in metres at the start of network calculation In other words the length of water column within the tank at the start of network calculation analysis Min Level This is the level of water in tank in metres below which there is no possibility for water to leave the tank lt is the height of the
9. outlet pipe from the base of the tank Max Level This is the maximum height in metres water can attain above the tank base Usually the height of the overflow pipe from the base of the tank Diameter The diameter of the tank in meters For cylindrical tanks this is the actual diameter For square or rectangular tanks it can be an equivalent diameter equal to 1 128 times the square root of the cross sectional area For tanks whose geometry will be described by a curve see VolCurve it can be set to any value Min Vol The volume of water in the tank when it is at its minimum level in cubic meters This is an optional property useful mainly for describing the bottom geometry of non cylindrical tanks where a full volume versus depth curve will not be supplied see next Vol Curve The ID label of a curve used to describe the relation between tank volume and water level see Volume curve under the curve worksheet This property is useful for characterizing irregular shaped tanks If left blank then the tank is assumed to be cylindrical Description any other relevant data Additional Data Additional info Type Comments Ground Level Date Installed Height this is the height of the tank All other additional data are as explained in the junctions and reservoirs These are the edge features on the network They convey the water between nodes in the network and comprise of Pipes Pumps and Valves Again to import data to fil
10. pipe connected to the junction if a discharge coefficient and pressure exponent for the leaking crack or joint can be estimated and compute a fire flow at the junction the flow available at some minimum residual pressure In the latter case one would use a very high value of the discharge coefficient e g 100 times the maximum flow expected and modify the junction s elevation to include the equivalent head of the pressure target Description This is for explanatory notes on any of the various data fields Any information that is important but not captured by the existing data fields and any relevant remarks Additional Data Additional data refers to all auxiliary data important in understanding the network but also clarifying base data Some of it is redundant data to enable diagnose network calculation errors and data inconsistencies within the base data However if this information is available and relevant it must be entered It can simplify things in a couple of years when the situation has changed and nobody is able to remember how it was before NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 6 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Additional info Beneficiaries Consumption Ground Level Date Installed Type The type of junction it is Whether T L Y or Arrow junction The find button will determine the type of junction it is looking at the pipes that comes to that junction and go away from that junction Comments draw water
11. these formats For example under Epanet the unit of the flow can be chosen whether it is in liters min of in cubic meters hours and so on 9 Surveying As it was already mentioned in the introduction there are many ways of collecting your data One of these ways is the field approach with topological surveying which is described in more details in this section Storage Treatment Strainer Source Figure 3 Actual situation The survey involves a systematic sketching of a network alignment and its components positioning the alignment vertices the network components and naming the various components and vertices The sketching may be done on a topographic map of the area if available or on pure plain sheet The components are symbolized and annotated in the sketch systematically and such annotations used to fill the survey part of the field data collection sheet NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 22 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 The positioning here refers to determination of coordinates for every important point in the network lt may be done by scaling off the topographic map or by using the GPS receiver Since different GPS receivers could be used by different teams to carry out survey of the same network it is important to identify the field officer the GPS receiver used the Map Sheet used and the date of survey PE EE O O OO TTN e NY O NX A AAA a A NNN n An example survey process to documen
12. under pipes Diameter The diameter of the valve Type This is the type of valve Only six possible entries can be made and these are PRV Pressure Reducing Valve PSV Pressure sustaining Valve PBV Pressure Breaking Valve FCV Flow Control Valve TCV Throttle Control Valve or GPV General Purpose Valve Please note it is the abbreviations only Most common networks do not have these valves and one has to be really sure of the valve before indicating it as a valve Most valves encountered are NRV Non Return Valves air valves and gate valves that are not classified as Valves in this case but included in then properties of the pipes Setting A required parameter that describes the valve s operational setting Valve Type Setting Parameter PRV Pressure m PSV Pressure m PBV Pressure m FCV Flow flow units m3 h TCV Loss Coeff unitless GPV ID of head loss curve Minor Loss is a Unit less minor loss coefficient that applies when the valve is completely opened Assumed 0 if left blank For further explanation of the minor loss see under pipes Additional Data Additional info Material Date Installed State Description The additional information fields are as explained in the previous chapters see under pipes These are points along links where there is a change in alignment but which are not junctions or any other node for that matter Where the link direction changes probably for no flow relevant reason but
13. 6 GPS Position No i Node1 N1 es N2 Date_Installed ocalion wae reste A A AO AAA Description The data from the forms are entered into the database They are categorized as Surveying Data Base Data and Additional Data For water sources Reservoirs the quality data is also a category The survey data is common for all network components while the base and additional data very from component to component See further descriptions below Surveying data seul mi a e GPS pos No Map Pos No E01 Mha Al Mhd Ai 1210 08 121008 Z1 Pos 136 136 Kanda Michewent ar tar This is the information input so as to document knowledge about the survey exercise lt comprises of information about the persons doing the survey work the instruments used the date of survey the area in which the survey takes place and importantly the field collection sheet used to record field data Form Index This is the index Number of the form used to record field data Field Data Collection Forms are serialised Indexed to enable easy identification and to aid trace back in case of wrong entries or any other sort of human error NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 24 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Field Officer This is the name of the field officer who carried out the field survey Date The date on which the field data was collected GPS ID The Identification Number for the GPS Receiver used to collect the coordinates of the s
14. Reservoir ID This is the unique identifier to identify the particular reservoir in the database Like all the other components every reservoir must have a unique identifier which as the name implies must not be similar to any other reservoir Usually a serial sequence prefixed with letter R as in R001 R002 ROOS Rxxxn However since for most networks the reservoirs are boreholes sometimes the prefix may be BH instead of R X Coord As is the case with the junction and any other node for that matter this is the X Coordinate or the Easting of the reservoir and can be obtained using GPS or by scaling off a topographic map with grid lines Y Coord This is similarly the Y Coordinate or the Northing of the reservoir and can be obtained using GPS or by scaling off a topographic map with grid lines Head As can be appreciated from the model above the head is the height of the Dynamic Water Level DWL above mean sea level or above adopted Datum This can be obtained by determining the elevation of the ground surface then subtracting the DWL as is conventionally defined e as a depth from ground surface NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 8 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Pattern This is the variation of the Dynamic water level with time If this is possible to obtain should be included otherwise time should not be lost looking for it as it is not too critical Description This is for explanatory notes on any of t
15. a 9815745 0 1 Houses XX Junction ID This is the unique identifier for the particular Bend junction Usually a serial sequence preceded by J to denote Junction for example J0001 J002 JOO3 JXXXN Two Junctions should not have a similar ID JUNCTION X Coord This is the X coordinate or the Easting of the junction May be obtained using a GPS Receiver or scaled off a gridded topographic map Ensure the GPS Receiver is T s set to the correct coordinate system correct projection and junction Y Blank end correct geodetic datum use UTM zones Y Coord This is the Y coordinate or the Northing of the junction Like with the X Coord above may be obtained using a GPS Receiver or scaled off a gridded topographic map NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 5 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Please note that projection and datum is important to pay attention to in this case if a GPS is used the coordinate settings should be UTM Check the main section Elev This is the elevation of the junction above mean sea level Please note that this is NOT the elevation of the ground surface above mean sea level but rather that of the actual junction above sea level Should the junction be buried d metres below ground surface then this must be subtracted from the height of the ground surface Elevation can be approximated using the GPS Please remember to indicate under description if this is the case or interpolated from the gri
16. a GPS device 8 3 Organisation tools Hide Show Surveying Data For all nodes links and vertices the first columns are information concerning surveying This information is not always relevant for example if the information on the nodes links does not come from a surveying therefore there is the possibility to hide these first columns when they are not needed NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 20 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 a Check Worksheets This tool is used to verify the validity of data entered in the various sheets especially the base data Check Base Data columns Lona not SIA a OK I ICA IA cata A tt EICIEAIEREACICA MR eo o O Patten 13 ox Jos S S x x x ok oK Total 5 It looks out for invalid entries such as type mismatch unknown non existent component IDs lonely components and missing data Straight away the data errors can be singled out and corrected without having to encounter errors in running the other functional tools The result of this check is given in a table in the main worksheet ay 2 Y Sort Worksheet This will sort the worksheet alphabetically based on their ID Be aware that for example 15 is sorted before 5 because it looks first at the first number therefore in order to be able to use this command in a wise manner the ID should be written with zeros in front for example 003 instead of 3 the numbers of zeros depends on the number o
17. a IMPOR ION TOONS rn taa a nace cage ontiaunaietim 19 927 HEXPOMALON OO Spain 20 E O e A Mpenr mneet i erre 20 Oe IVIOGITICATION TOO Sarandi 21 D2 UNV CV IING Its 22 Fis A A A a Ne eae 23 T27 OUNEN dala a ee se cantare aie caaed tee ete to esata ccetalinnatt oseecenseeeantaee sala 24 10 AMM saeta 1 10 1 A O A TA TE 1 NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 1 Introduction Network Survey Manager NSM is a database built on excel that can monitor design and plot a water network The information about this network can come from different sources such as GPS field surveying GIS software or Epanet Once this information has been managed by NSM it can be exported to a GIS software GPS Epanet or Google Earth The following figure shows an overall picture of the components that can be involved in NSM and their links Create maps Desk study Field Collect Make maps Place nodes Collect complete with the on existing data by unskilled network maps Staff Use GIS tools Check elevation profiles find best _ path for pipes 1 Field Survey Import Txt from GPS Import from Shp NSM 3 5 Tools Excel Import from Check data old NSM Sort IDs E gt Rename IDs Round coord Calculate length Change Junction to Vertices Export options Y lt gt Design le Earth Gooc Easy use of data Calculate nb beneficiaries Prepare BoQ Adjust diameter according to PN Elevation profile Calculate flows
18. as many hydrogen ions available at a pH of 7 than at a pH of 8 The pH scale ranges from O to 14 A OH of 7 is considered to be neutral Substances with pH of less that 7 are acidic substances with pH greater than 7 are basic Since pH can be affected by chemicals in the water pH is an important indicator of water that is changing chemically This value is obtained either at a water testing laboratory or using a pH meter NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 9 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Turbidity NTU This is the amount of particulate matter that is suspended in water Turbidity measures the scattering effect that suspended solids have on light the higher the intensity of scattered light the higher the turbidity Turbidity is measured in NTU nephelometric turbidity units May be measured in a laboratory or using a handheld turbidity meter Colour mgPt l This is a visual interpretation of the colouration in water If tested in a laboratory would be measured in mgPt l but visually interpreted as greenish brown or no colour among others Conductivity uS cm Electrical conductivity EC estimates the amount of total dissolved salts TDS or the total amount of dissolved ions in the water It is measured in micro Siemens per centimetre uS cm CommentsQ is like in the other cases used to record any relevant remarks assumptions or extra information 3 3 Tanks These are storage systems used to retain water for distribution
19. be seen from all worksheets or for some of them on the main worksheet The tools that have a command on the main worksheet can be used from whatever worksheet because it will affect all sheets however it usually makes sense to use this command from the main worksheet especially for check worksheets whose result will be shown on the main worksheet For the other tools they have to be used from another sheet because they will only modify the sheet that is open and will not change the other for example sort worksheet i To do li I a Wertice I Check Worksheets Import from old NSM Show Surveying Data Options Make t l I l 22 23 Make Shp Files Make Krl File Make Inp file Make Gpx file l l l L eee eee eee eee i i i e e 27 ICREOAWatHabiL WWis 28 K 4 gt gt Main Cunction Reservoir Tank Pipe Pump Valve Vertice Pattern Curve Chart Ready 8 1 Importation tools my ar Import from Old NSM This tool enables backward compatibility As NSM undergoes evolution data created in the previous versions would require too much time to convert to the NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 19 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 current version This tool enables all such data to be automatically imported and converted to the current version sd Import from Shp Import Nodes data from point shape files i e GIS software preferably with the same format Can only be used from a nodes vertices wo
20. ch is a chart of the network that is used at the end to visualise the network Data can be exported with the exportation tools To simplify the structure of this document first the different worksheets will be presented and then the tools At the end a detailed methodology of how to collect data from the field by surveying is given The main sheet is the control center of NSM It is where the various NSM tools reside and is where the environment settings for the particular project network are set In this section only the settings will be discussed The tool menu will be discussed in the tool section MESIVONA SURVE MANAGER Name of the project X Coord E W Y Coord N S Altitude Datum NSM3 5 Max 750000 3820000 ema E ji Min 741500 9812000 1460 Decimals 1 1 a Find Min Max ot Base Data tern L d paco elo A A a e JE TT Tea Hor not ening nodes ala 41 has 5 connections Check Worksheets Import frorn old NSM Show Surveying Data Options Make Shp Files Make Kml File Make Inp file Make Gpx file NSM 3 5 Latest update June 2009 ICRCAVatHab L Wismer NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 2 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Name of the project Name of Project This is where one enters the name of the network No two networks should have the same name else confusion will ensue In cases where two or more networks are in the same locality then a serial roman or alphabetical suffix sho
21. d contours but most accurately through trigonometrical heighting or levelling Demand This refers to the outflow from the network at a particular junction Only domestic points can have demand The rest of the junctions have zero demand In most cases unless metre readings exist demand is approximated from the beneficiary population The number of people who are supplied from a particular junction or the number of jerry cans that are drawn from the junction daily can be used to approximate the demand It is described in Cubic Metres per Day Pattern This refers to the cycle of demand throughout the day The regular behaviour pattern of the beneficiary population with reference to demand for water What times of the day do more people draw the water and what times do one find fewer people It is the variation of demand with time throughout the day Example and useful patterns have been included within the pattern sheet of the NSM and one can select the most appropriate one It can also be adapted by using the excel sheet demand pattern available in the annexes of the RefMan under calculations See pattern worksheet for more information Emitter Emitters are devices associated with junctions that model the flow through a nozzle or orifice In these situations the demand i e the flow rate through the emitter varies in proportion to the pressure at the junction raised to some power Q pp Ponen They can be used to simulate leakage in a
22. eans that an ID that has letters in it would not be changed It is possible to add a letter in front of the ID for example j for junction and to define the wanted number of digits by clicking in front of the number of that is wanted Example Letter to add J Number of digits 3 digits e Ifan ID is named 5 before it would be changed to J005 e Ifan ID is called J5 it will not be changed since it is not only numerical The third thumbnail is Remove Batch which allows to remove a specific letter group of letters in front of all ID J1 vel Junction to Vertice This gives the possibility to change a junction to a vertex Indeed it can simplify the network to have vertices instead of junctions when relevant no pipes attributes changes and no demand NSM will check if some junctions could be transformed into vertices and ask if it want to be changed oF Erase All Data This tool enables rapid refresh when a new network database is to be created All sheets are reset to empty and a new network can then be built from scratch Be careful to use this tool as it could erase data that you still need Options With this command some settings can be chosen First under the thumbnail main the settings that will be used when checking the worksheets can be defined for example the maximum number of connections at a node The thumbnails KML Epanet and GPX some options can be chosen that will be used when exporting the data to
23. ement Important to determine serviceability and could be obtained from the office or from expert experienced local knowledge State This is the state of repair of the junction Whether it is very good good fair poor or very poor Comments This is for explanatory notes on any of the various data fields Any assumptions made any information that is important but not captured by the existing data fields and any relevant remarks 3 2 Reservoirs Reservoirs are the sources of water for the network They are the inlet points through which water enters the network They may be boreholes wells lake dam river intake among others NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 7 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Please note that the spring is a special case as the discharge of water from the spring is independent of any downstream conditions within the network As such a spring is usually modelled as a junction with negative demand The scalar part of the demand is the total flow discharge from the spring Junction 2 Overburden 4 Pipe hanger Sanitary seal Pump delivery Junction Static water level Pump rising main A7 ie H wdown d i i Pumping water leve Seer Fr A A AS e SS JE submersible pump T A Pump Well casing TRS Water bearing soils El sand gravel JIT SETS Base Data 747609 9813174 14600 Captage Kivu 741 761 9 815 633 1 460 0 Captage Keshero
24. f points that are expected It will be seen after that there is a tool that allows to rename IDs automatically see the Rename ID tool In order to use this function you have to be on the worksheet you want to change 8 4 Modification tools Bes Round All Coordinates This is purely for data precision integrity lt rounds off the coordinate values to whole numbers The technologies currently used to determine the coordinates GPS amp scaling from topo map cannot yield sub meter precision il Calculate Pipe Length This tool calculates the 3 D length of the pipe where the length does not already exist Please note that the length will only be correct if the best fit alignment vertices are observed and included in the database Ji 101 Rename ID this gives the possibility to rename systematically your ID Again this option only works if it is used in the workbook to be modified ae armas By clicking on it this kind of window will appear It has different following initial letters max 5 possibilities three thumbnail The first is single in which it is E A sii possible to change the ID one by one by choosing the ID to be Cee changed and defining a new ID The second is Batch Add This SERE a will automatically change the ID of all nodes that have only a Replace Junction ID Single Batch Add Batch Remove NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 21 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 numerical ID this m
25. from the junction In the absence of water meter data the demand at a junction which is base data is approximated from the number of beneficiaries relying on a domestic point could result in a demand of 3 15m per day assuming a standard water requirement of 50 litres per person per day Consumption This is the approximate daily consumption per person In cases where an and or household this would be the figure reduced to the units of the number of people Should you enter households instead of people in No of People column the consumption must also be per household One is however required to maintain consistency and in this Beneficiaries This is the number of beneficiaries who using some standard indicators For example 300 people arrangement by the water committee and the community on the daily entitlement per person case no of people and consumption per person should be adopted Ground Level MASL This is the height of the ground surface above mean sea level at the junction location It is a working height from which you subtract the depth of the junction below ground to obtain the elevation in base data Depth M This the depth in metres of the junction below ground surface Besides enabling you determine the actual elevation of the junction is very important information about the junction during maintenance exercise Date Installed This is the date the junction was installed or the date of the last parts service replac
26. he various data fields Any assumptions made any information that is important but not captured by the existing data fields and any relevant remarks Additional Data Additional info Comments FT Lo 0 O Oo gt 2 3 S ojo 2 olol 3 g aTa O a The Ground Level m Depth Date Installed State and Comments are as explained under Junctions Type This is whether the reservoir is a borehole a River Intake a Dam a well a lake or a connection to another supply network Yield l d this is the maximum discharge the source can sustain in litres per day Protected Whether the water source is protected or not Please indicate in the description what kind of protection it is Quality Data This is for information about the quality of water from the source Whichever method is used to determine the quality parameters must be described under the description column Please note that water quality is a sensitive issue especially in public water supply and must be handled in a cautious manner PH CommentsQ Turbidity Colour Conductivity pH The pH of a sample of water is a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions It is the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion H concentration What this means is that at higher pH there are fewer free hydrogen ions and that a change of one pH unit reflects a tenfold change in the concentrations of the hydrogen ion For example there are 10 times
27. l in these worksheet see the importation tools in the Tool Menu NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 11 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 4 1 Pipes Base Data Pipe ID A unique identifier for the particular pipe Usually a serial sequence with prefix letter P as in P001 P002 POOS Pxxn Node 1 The ID of the upstream node which could be a junction a reservoir or a tank The Identifier of the start point of the particular pipe Direction of flow Node 2 Node 2 The ID of the downstream node which could be a junction a reservoir or a tank The Identifier of the end point of the particular pipe Length This is the length dimension of the pipe in m and can be calculated if all the necessary vertices are included in the survey and database else should be measured and manually entered Diameter This is the internal diameter of the pipe in mm Roughness The roughness coefficient of the pipe It is Darcy Weisbach roughness and has units of mm Material _ sd New Pipe Old Pipe Concrete or Concrete Lined 0 300 0 700 0 100 3 000 Galvanized Iron 0 200 0 500 0 001 0 002 0 100 0 500 Asbestos cement lL Minor Loss Losses occur in straight pipes and ducts as major loss and in system components as minor loss Components as valves bends tees add head loss commonly termed as minor loss to the fluid flow system NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 12 25 LWI GON
28. n max can find the maximum and minimum values based on the data you entered in the sheet This allows the opposite approach lt needs that data are first entered and then the min and max are found Based on these values it can be determined if there is an erroneous data Again this will only detect obvious mistakes Datum WGS 1984 Coordinate System A datum is a set of orientation scaling UTM Zone 35 M and translation parameters applied to an ellipsoid of known ohysical parameters major Axis Minor Axis and Flattening to best approximate the geoid One is expected to understand the datum on which coordinates are declared for ease of data integration Most of the time the WGS 1984 is used Once the datum is determined selected the topographical maps and GPS receivers being used in the field must be of or set to the selected datum For standardization and ease of tools development the projection is set to Universal Transverse Mercator UTM and all one has to set is the Zone in which the network lies In case of difficulty seek expert assistance The table below can guide in the choice of zone if the longitude of the place is known UTM Zone Central UTM Zone Central Zone Range Meridian Zone Range Meridian 1 180W 174W 177W al 0E 6E 3E 2 174W 168W 171W 32 OE 1IZE JE 3 168W 102W 165W 33 1ZE IBE Lok NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 3 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 162W 156W 159W 34 18E 24E 21E 4 5
29. nd useful patterns have been included within the pattern sheet of the NSM and one can select the most appropriate one For example the pattern may be indicated as paFlat paOnOFF or paVillage It can also be adapted by using the excel sheet demand pattern available in the annexes of the Reference Manual under calculations Varying demand oj i 2 3 4 5 SLE 15 6 2 Curve This worksheet stores information about some data that are used in other worksheets It is data that have two variables that are linked together the change of one variable will affect the other If a graph is done as one variable versus the other it would form a curve In this worksheet the goal is not to put the equation of the curve but only to put some points with the value of the two variables it depends from and the program will extrapolate the value in between these points The more points are put the more precise the result will be e Pump This curve will be used in the pump worksheet A Pump Curve represents the relationship between the flow rate in m h in x and the head in m in y that a pump can deliver at its nominal speed setting where the head is the head gain imparted to the water by the pump On pumps booklets furnished by the supplier the characteristic curve of the pump is put A valid pump curve must have decreasing head with increasing flow e Volume It is used in the tank worksheet This property is useful for charac
30. pecific network feature As the project could employ the use of a number of GPS receivers it would be useful in determining which one was used for ease of traceability and data verification Map ID In some instances the field team does not have a working GPS in which case a 1 10000 topo sheet section printout will be used to mark the location of the network point feature This field enables the field team to document which map sheet was used to mark the position GPS Pos No Within the GPS Receiver memory sometimes the point locations are stored using the automatically generated serial numbers In other cases though cumbersome one may be able to fully type out the name of the point feature This column documents the serial number of the point feature within the GPS Receiver memory Map Pos No The identity used to mark the position of a network point feature on the topo sheet printout Locality The village or area in which the survey is carried out For most networks this is usually the name of the network but not always For some networks which stride various localities it is important that the actual locality where the feature lies is indicated District This is the administrative district in which the feature lies NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 25 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 10 Annexes 10 1 UTM map g UNES dekal RR Suum AA Lh RO Pope ol el EF EE Aa thee rT ee eerie tit sine tee TT A Lat TM o Pl
31. rksheet Import vertices from pipes this will import the vertices of a pipe that is stored as a polyline in a shapefile This tool can only be used from the vertex worksheet de Import Inp from Epanet this tool will import data from an Epanet project Be aware that when using this tool all data in the workbook will be erased Import txt from GPS Import Nodes data from a txt file generated by MapSource This enable you to get data collected with a GPS and cleaned with MapSource It is usually easier to make several files for different kind of nodes especially when there are a lot of data and import them one file after another from different worksheets in order not to have to change manually the worksheet in which the node is put 8 2 Exportation tools A Make Shapefiles This tool exports your NSM database into corresponding set of ESRI format shapefiles consisting of all the network components In the latest version of NSM a projection file is included for every shapefile to alert the applications interacting with the shapefile on the projection of the shapefile data a Make inp File This tool export the network into a ready Epanet inp file which can be calculated and analysed by Epanet N Make kml File This tool export the network components into the Keyhole Markup Language kml format which can be viewed directly in Google Earth oe Make Gps File This tool export data into a txt file that can be loaded on
32. t the simple network above would proceed as follows GPS Receiver ID 4 10 Figure 4 Sketch the network As can be seen the network components are symbolized and annotated The annotations are made simple so as to enable easy field work The numbers are the serial numbers as obtained from the GPS receiver The m2 m3 m4 are points which could not be taken by GPS for one reason or the other and are only marked on the topographic map As can be seen 10 is a reservoir 11 is a junction m2 is a tank 12 and m3 are vertices and13 16 and m4 are junctions The details are then entered into the relevant forms 9 1 Surveying forms JUNCTION VALVES 8 INTERMEDIATE NODES FORM Depth m e Location Description No of People Consumption l p d Total Demand L peman Pp RESERVOIR FORM Type Well BH RWC etc Yield Litres Day Pump Y N Pump Level Connected Y N Permanent Y N a A cl e AA ocaton fraser Description NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 23 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 Water Level Static Dyna T1 Dyna T2 Description RUBIN ono 2 O E ee TANK FORM CS a DS GPS Position No Pipe_To Pipe_From Date_Installed Diameter sical Protected Y N State P F G U pH pH Scale Turbidity NTU Colour mgPt l Conductivity uS cm aati i LINK Pipe Pump Valve amp Intermediate Node FORM a valve Pen Type Kak No a 5 00
33. terizing irregular shaped tanks For a cylindrical tank there is no need to create a curve since when the section VolCurve is left blank it is assumed that the height is directly proportional to the volume If NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 18 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 this is not the case some height in m in x and corresponding volume in m in y should be put e Efficiency This refers to the efficiency of a pump in function of the flow Indeed a pump will have varying efficiencies depending on the flow it pumps The efficiency will be maximal when the pump works at its nominal point The efficiency can be used to estimate the power consumption of the pump Put the flow in m h in x and the corresponding efficiency in in y e Headloss This is used in the valve worksheet when working with a GPV The headlosses are function of the flow Put the flow in m h in x and corresponding head loss in m in y 7 CHART In this worksheet a 2 D representation of the network is drawn This might not be sufficient to allow to visualise the network in the space Therefore the data can be exported to a GIS software or Google Earth see exportation tools It could also be exported to a GPS to check on the field how it would look like As mentioned before the data can be exported towards Epanet to make further calculation on the design 8 THE TOOLS MENU The tools can either be found on the toolbar that will
34. to probably keep the network alignment within the acquired easements NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 16 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 or to avoid obstacles or for any reason whatsoever not linked to the flow system The vertex data structure can be used to document such network components like elbows air valves gate valves NRVs among others which would otherwise be missed within the other databases There is sometimes the tendency not to use this option and put a junction instead of a vertex Nevertheless it simplifies peng things and is therefore advisable to put a vertex when relevant It will be seen after that a tool exists to transform a junction into a vertex see modification tools in the tools menu VERTICE Base Data Tee Link ID pipe X Coord Y Coord Reduce Link ID This is the link on which the vertex lies It must be an ID which is already entered either under Pipes the most usual and expected valves or Pumps X Coord amp Y Coord are as explained under the various node components See under junctions Additional Data Elev Depth Date installed State and Comments are as explained under the junctions section Ex ID This the previous ID It is used when a junction is transformed into a vertex with the tools junction to vertex Otherwise it is left blank Description one could be able to indicate whether the node is a NRV Gate Valve Air Valve or whatever kind of structure T
35. tom of the map and then the sector letter on the right For Switzerland for example it would give 32T This map is put in a bigger format in the annexes EL pF PE ne TTF LED E E hi INA AN Wo e TEDA TA off heal E pe pest ao ee tebe ey A aa rep IIA ELLE LE ep gs a au MEN aa HR NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 4 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 These are the point features on the network They signify the change in flow and flow characteristics network outflows and inflows and network storage components The nodes include Junctions Reservoirs and Tanks To fill in these worksheets data can be imported using the importation tools see the Tool Menu 3 1 Junctions Junctions are points in the network where links join together or are changing their characteristics and where water enters or leaves the network Hence a junction is when you have a T on a pipe the end of the section a house connection or change in the pipe s diameter For small networks one can have a junction for every domestic point while for large networks it might improve efficiency in calculation to model a series of domestic points using one junction with a demand equivalent to the combined demand See example modelling below where the corresponding series of domestic points and connections to the left are modelled into two nodes in the model to the right Figure 1 Modelling domestic connections O Junction o Vertices Base Dat
36. uld be used to differentiate them For example Kandwi Kandwi Il Kandwi N Coordinate Bounds This is a mitigatory measure to ensure that coordinates entered in the various sheets do not go beyond the target area The bound coordinates should be the limit coordinates of the Minimum Bound Rectangle MBR around the network area The Max imum X coordinate E W is the Easting of the farthest edge of the network to the East while the Min imum X Coordinate is the Easting of the farthest edge of the network to the West The Max imum Y Coordinate is the Northing of the farthest edge of the network to the North while the Min imum Y is the Northing of the farthest edge of the network to the south The Length refers to the number of digits that coordinate values should have Atude E W N S Min 741500 9812000 1460 Decimals 1214 gt Elevation Bounds This is a measure against erroneous elevation entries lt sets the highest and lowest possible values acceptable as valid elevation entries Please note that these checks only guard against obvious errors like missing a digit while entering values or adding an erroneous extra digit or entering a value that would place your network feature outside the target area BUT does not substitute ones caution and keenness to ensure that the values entered are correct A wrong value that falls within the network MBR will not be detected At the right of this table the command button Find mi
37. ype Here can be put a particularity of the vertex for example if it is an elbow a high point or a low point GL Ground level as it was explained in the previous worksheets NSM 3 7 manual 07 09 12 doc 17 25 LWI GON NSM 3 User Manual 14 09 2012 6 PATTERN AND CURVE 6 1 Pattern This information will be used in a junction with a certain number of beneficiaries that will take water or in a reservoir or a pump This refers to the cycle of demand throughout the day The regular behaviour pattern of the beneficiary population with reference to demand for water What times of the day do more people draw the water and what times do one find fewer people It is the variation of demand with time throughout the day lt is expressed in percentage or fraction of the average hourly consumption Thus an hour that has a fraction greater than one means that the consumption is greater in that hour than the daily consumption divided by 24 hours and the other way around The average of this fraction or percentage should be 1 or 100 respectively Here some examples of pattern have been put Demand 22 23 Patter Joa jos o1 03 03 10 19 2 20 15 15 13 10 09 1 18 0101 Constant demand throughout daylight 00650059006 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Pattern 0ojojofojojo 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 opojojojojo Constant demand throughout the day Demand o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 gt 4 al 117 18 19 20 21 22 23 pa fajapijofififijifojajojo BE 1pipipipijr Example a
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