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1. A Tally the amount of times the child reaches for a toy while seated ONLY count the same toy once However if there are several components to the toy ex Different balls a hammer and the workbench different blocks you can count those touches individually when they are reached for Again if the child reaches for that individual toy again you will not recount it B Example The child is playing with the cookie jar They reach for the blue cookie and put it in the jar That counts as 1 touch for the blue cookie and another touch if they touched the cookie jar If they reach for the red cookie next that counts as another reach for toy However if the child again reaches for the cookie jar that will not count as another reach since you only count a reach for a specific toy once 2 Positive Facial Expressions 52 A Tally the amount of times the child makes positive facial expressions for example they smile If the child remains smiling over a period of time that still remains the same tally Allow at least 3 seconds between two positive facial expressions before tallying it as a second Example The child is smiling for several seconds and then her face goes neutral If the smile begins again immediately count that as the same tally However if a full 3 seconds pass between the expressions it can be counted as a second 3 Negative Facial Expressions A Apply the same rules for positive facial expressions to this measure a2. Direct physical guidance could be provided Give him her time to initiate the movements depending on your child s responses For example hand over hand driving i e directly physical guidance can be provided when your child does not press the switch after you place his her hand on the switch 2 Tell your child let go i e hands off when he she drives 2 Expect your child will understand let go i e hands off to you or the car hits some things e g wall or sofa If and connect it to the car motion within a few days ora he she cannot lift his ner hands off the switch provide week It is a gradual learning process manual guidance 3 Provide positive feedback when he she hits the switch 3 Give the positive feedback only when your child and moves the hands away from it purposefully hits the switch Every time when he she hits the switch you should give positive feedback whether the movement occurs purposefully or accidently 44 Training Manual Phase Ill Prompted Driving no specific direction distance Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do 1 Encourage your child to drive to you for the rewards e g toy Stand in front of the child with some distances and tell him her to drive to you for the rewards 2 Give your child time to drive to you eve
3. In contrast a steering wheel covered with a large push button switch decreases the focus on steering and drive system and allows successful mobility Switches with vibration light and music may further enhance the attention and motivation of children with lower response rates The adaption of a Phono Plug Y adapter cable is a useful connecter for steering drive system modifications After connecting the wires of the toy car to the adapter cable Figure d various push button switches can be plugged into the connector directly allowing the use of various steering systems Figure e More complicated steering drive system modifications can be constructed such as a standing car A Fisher Price Quad Fisher Price Headquarters East Aurora NY for example can be modified to be driven while standing by installing a two tiered handle bar steering system with PVC pipes and modifying the drive system to encourage standing by reversing the wiring of a push button switch placed on the seat Figure f amp g An example of an advanced steering drive system modification requiring an electrical expert would be to electrically and mechanically connect a joystick for use 13 on a remote controlled ride on car Figure h ZP Toys 1 Floor Khairani Road Sakinaka Andheri E Andheri East Mumbai These remote controlled cars allow either the child or an adult to drive the car via separate controls We anticipate more toy cars with remote control circuitry in th
4. j Conference Wr S 5 ui s l q e e Z Ee A i LF ys gt a amp B gt aS September 28 30 3 2012 Orlando FL 5 i http www sopac us GO R index cfm a kp Promote Your Page go UD GoBabyGo Now 206 likes 22 talking about this 5 were here january n 2012 NA a Health Medical Pharmaceuticals The Infant Behavior Lab focuses on studying exploratory behaviors of typically developing infants and toddlers and creating technology and training gumy UD BoBabyGo s G Pounded Netprk F Intiative survey gt d Cole and the GoBa P team have receivec About Photos Likes Map Notes 2 32 facebook Search for people places and things You are posting commenting and liking as UD GoBabyGo Change to Sam Logan i UD GoBabyGo 206 like this B November 12 2012 at 12 09pm A Just another day at the office Many new projects in the works here at GoBabyGo Unlike Comment Share r UD GoBabyGo and 32 others like this Shawn Rohe Natalie wants to place dibs on the black amp red 4 wheeler November 12 2012 at 1 35pm via mobile Like needs a Mater car Come help me make one y November 12 2012 at 2 41pm Like 21 Albert Orr Henry and Charlotte would tear that joint up November 12 2022 at 11 41pm via mobile Like Bas Write a comment Press Enter to post 292 people saw this post Promote 3 Paula Henness
5. and close supervision of a child when using this version Thomas the Tank Prototype In our first attempt to convert a ride on car to a powered walker device we cut Thomas the Tank in half to allow space for a child s feed to make contact with the ground Next we reinforced the seat by installing a large PVC pipe in between the two halves of the car This pipe supports the seat to provide enough stability for a child to sit down PVC pipe 17 was also installed between the two halves of the car in order to provide handrails for additional support The activation switch was installed on the seat was wired identical to the standing car previously described Sit to stand to powered walker All in one device Once we had built several version of each type of car we decided to try to modify one ride on car that could easily be converted from a seated to standing to powered walker version Activation Switch A three pronged toggle switch was installed and included three modes 1 Seated car push switch for activation 2 Standing powered walker car release switch i e stand up for activation and 3 off switch no power Other modifications The PVC support system remains intact for each version of the car There is only one other major medication required to convert the car from a standing car to a powered walker The footplates were removed and reattached using 18 two hinges While the footplates are installed the device
6. dislikes You will use this information to determine the objects you will utilize and ways you can structure tasks and rewards Development is nonlinear and there are individual differences between children so that each child may take a slightly different path to the same endpoint Do not have a correct pattern of movement in mind for early reaching or sitting rather let the child s strategy emerge The exploration of strategies is important in training a new skill 38 Driving Prescription Principles A critical component of early intervention is caregiver education and involvement Just as a diet followed 2 times per week for an hour is not likely to result in weight loss activity practice performed 2 times per week is not likely to result in developmental changes Caregivers will play an important role in this intervention Three important aspects of driving prescription are the following e Frequency and Dosage It is important for caregivers to provide 30 minutes of daily driving for their child at least five times per week e Types of activities It is important for children to have many opportunities to drive the ride on car in various environments i e inside the home outside in the driveway sidewalks local playground and other community spaces A variety of activities should also be provided during driving sessions general exploration driving to a specific goal playing games with peers e Provide feedback It is impo
7. is a standing car Upon removal of the footplates a child s feet are on the ground and the device is a powered walker car SEATED VERSION bl h l aii ae i a PES See nel STANDING VERSION POWERED WALKER VERSION 20 Other Considerations Wiring Issues The diameter or thickness of a wire is known as the gauge An important consideration when making any modifications to a ride on car is to ensure that the wire gauge of any new wires added matches the gauge of the wires used by the manufacturer If new wires are added that are less thick than the original wires a likely result is an overheating of the new wires that may cause the wires to smoke or even catch on fire To determine the wire gauge look closely at the wire and find the number directly before the abbreviation AWG American Wire Gauge The larger the ride on car battery i e 6 v vs 12 v the thicker gauge the manufacturer is likely to use for wiring throughout the ride on Car When modifying a ride on car it is important that any new wire connections are securely fastened in a safe and appropriate manner This includes connecting two different wires or connecting one wire to a switch terminal There are several three methods that are considered safe and secure First wires can be soldered together or to a terminal The tools required include a soldering iron and rosin core solder that are each available at any local hardware store It is beyond the
8. least fun to 10 the most fun how fun did you your child have 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 4 Assistance and Type of activity How much and what type of assistance did you provide your child 49 ______ Drive without your assistances _____ Drive around the house with your assistances assisting in pressing the switch the percentages of time you helped 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None lifting the hand off the switch the percentages of time you helped 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None ____ steering the wheel the percentages of time you helped 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None others please specify Specific Activity Drive anywhere and play Drive any direction and touch furniture others Drive any direction and play toy s others Drive to a specific person or place and play ____ Drive to you Drive to you others and touch get toys Drive to you others and do The percentages of driving to each direction was Drive straight 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None 50 Drive right 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None Drive left 100 75 50 25 less than 10 None 5 Is there any special note e g something new first time to press the switch by himself herself or first time to turn the wheel you would like to take regarding your child s performance and play activity today Yes No a If yes what is it 51 Car Project Coding Manuel e All coding templates can be found filed in the la
9. object they are interested in and stops without being told to and without any tactile contact to their hand a Example A child sees a toy and begins driving toward it If they stop at that toy without being told and without anyone s hand on their hand this would be considered independent 3 Caregiver B If the child is driving to a goal but needs someone to physical take his or her hand off the switch in order to stop this would be considered Caregiver Goal oriented Driving 55
10. pinion Price 39 49 http www robotmarketplace com products AME 210 1010 html AMP Capacity of Switch When considering which switch to use it is also important to match the amperage AMP capacity of the new switch to the battery specifications of a given car This information is typically found in the user manual provided by the manufacturer For example most of the 6v and 12v cars we have modified include a 20 amp battery fuse This indicates that if the current running through the battery exceeds 20 amps the fuse will be tripped and power will be cut off The Big Red switch is rated for 15 1 amps Thus it is not safe to use this switch with most ride on cars There is a possibility that if this switch is used to activate a ride on car for an extended period of time it may heat up and break down The AMP rating can be found in text on the switch itself or in a technical specifications report for a given switch As always it is important to match the amp capacity of any new switch used with the amp capacity of the switch that is being replaced that was used by the manufacturer 29 Special Considerations Limitations and Safety Issues lt is critically important that any electrical and structural modifications to a ride on car be fully tested and checked by an engineer with the appropriate expertise to determine the safety of the car Before a child uses a modified ride on car it should be tested to determine that it is safe to use fo
11. rather than Oops you crashed e lf your child looks distressed e g crying losing attention then intervene immediately e Help your child by using simple words such as come closer turn or go back rather than push the switch and come here NOTE The following guidelines can be applied to all versions of the ride on car seated standing and powered walker versions These guidelines are meant for new drivers to scaffold the goals of learning to drive over time 42 Training Manual Phase I Car Exploration start Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do 1 Encourage your child to explore the car first Introduce the car to your child briefly before sitting in For example let him her look at the car and say Here is Mater We will play with him now 2 After sitting into the car you can touch the switch once and see how your child reacts Give your child time to react lf there is no reaction demonstrate it again 3 If your child does not react after three times of demonstration from you guide his her hand to touch the switch directly Once his her hand touches the switch lift your hand off the switch and see if your child will drive independently 4 If your child can not independently drive the car after you place his her hand
12. systems In addition various permanent and temporary modifications allow clinicians to address one or more ICF levels even within the same session Conceptually tighter or more extensive trunk support may help a child to reach the steering wheel and grasp toys during car movement to address an activity or participation goal By loosening or lessening the trunk support modifications in combination with a basic drive system e g pressing large switch clinicians address ICF body functions and structure goals by providing a challenging dynamic postural control task during driving Specific examples of permanent seating modifications include a roll cage a seat belt and hip strap A basic roll cage can be built from connecting different lengths of PVC pipes mounted around the car frame Figure a Seat belts and or hip straps constructed from an off the shelf product see Walking Wing in appendix and or Velcro Figure b Both function similar to a roll cage for stability and safety Specific examples of temporary modifications include a T bar a seat or back cushions body side supports and head supports A T bar constructed of PVC pipes can limit lower extremity adduction and excessive forward trunk motion Figure c Cushions trunk supports Figure d and head supports constructed of foam sheets towels and or pipe insulation foam can be adjusted removed or replaced within minutes to address various ICF level goals within a session while main
13. 12 Country United States Video 6 T Bar Modification and Ho Video 5 Activation Testing Video 4 Seating System Roll Bar 84 views 5 months ago 63 views 5 months ago 83 views 5 months ago Video 3 Seating System Trunk Sup Video 2 KIII Switch Installation Video 1 Main Activation Switch 66 views 5 months ago 108 views 5 months ago 208 views 5 months ago htto www youtube com channel UCUJvxs5 iv1MDkKL3WLYIINOQ videos flow arid amp view 0 35 Modified Ride on Car Driver Intervention Training Manual Trial of Targeted Early Powered Mobility for Infants with Down Syndrome Fo 4 my i i F F F F a i F Seated Mode Standing Mode Powered Walker Mode Cole Galloway PT PhD Cell 443 466 8821 and Sam Logan PhD Cell 443 553 2342 Office 63 East Delaware Ave Newark DE 19716 Phone 302 831 3214 Ride on Car Workshop 5 Innovation Way Suite 300 Newark DE 19711 36 Table of Contents General Guidelines of Intervention Driving Prescription Principles Frequency and duration Types of activities Learning to Drive Seated Car Overview Device Overview Qualification to start Learning to Drive Standing Car Overview Device Overview Qualification to start Learning to Drive Powered Walker Overview Device Overview Qualification to start Overall Guidelines of Ride on Car Use Driver Training Phase l Switch activation Driver Train
14. Greetings Go Baby Go nation Thank you for seeking out more information about the project In this document you will find the following General Documents Modification Manual pg 4 Driver Training Manual pg 36 Research Documents Parent Activity Log pg 49 Coding Measures pg 52 This document is a compilation of our individual experiences with ride on cars The contents of this document are meant to provide general information and specific examples of how this information has been used in our research Ride on cars are NOT medical devices They are simply toys that are used by millions of children across the globe We are NOT responsible for any action result consequence malfunction etc that you experience as a result of using this information This document is a work in progress As we continue to make advances we will update the document accordingly If you have not done so previously please take a few minutes to complete our survey Family Version https delaware qualtrics com SE SID SV_293YiZrW4igLc3P Professional Version http survey qualtrics com SE SID SV_77mKGj Cz9RouX Please check out our Facebook page and like us http www facebook com UDGoBabyGo View our YouTube channel for step by step instructions on how to modify a Mater ride on car htto www youtube com channel UCUJvxs5 iv1 MDkL3WLYIINOQ videos flow grid amp view 0 Special Considerations Limitations and Safety Issues It is cr
15. Queen however will require more seating modifications for children with less trunk control than Mater Figure a amp b The original design of a Fisher Price Thomas Train Fisher Price Headquarters East Aurora NY may fit a child with small body size and good trunk control given its small seat size and minimal seat supports Figure c amp d Two seat cars Fisher Price Headquarters East Aurora NY can also be used if a child has a larger body size wants to drive with siblings and peers or needs a place for additional equipment such as a ventilator e amp f A McQueen front view C Thomas Train front view h n E m B McQueen sagittal view D Thomas Train sagittal view Next we introduce a few basic modifications involving a seating b steering systems and c the drive system These modification examples were specifically chosen as they are simple low cost and appropriate for clinicians and or families to construct These modifications use readily available materials including PVC pipes carriage bolts and nuts pipe insulation foam Velcro commercial switches electrical wire and wire connecters The total cost of these modifications is typically less than 150 per car see appendix for a sample hardware list 10 Seated Car Modifications Seating System A modified seating system should augment a child s postural control such that she can efficiently activate the steering and drive
16. Walker Version of Ride on Car Dynamic and Supported Walking Age of Start 10 months Device Overview The activation switch is identical to the standing car version However in this version an infant s feet are on the ground and he she will be encouraged to take supported steps while using the ride on car Qualification to Start As an infant displays the ability to take 3 supported steps outside of a ride on car then he she will begin the transition to the powered walker version of the ride on car At this point an infant will use the standing car 50 of the time and the powered walker 50 of the time Once he she can take at least 10 supported steps outside of a ride on car then he she will use the standing car 25 of the time and the powered walker 75 of the time Once he she can take at least 20 supported steps outside of a ride on car then he she will use the powered walker 100 of the time 41 Training Manual Overall Guidelines Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety e Encourage your child to explore the following 1 Switch 2 Movement e g reaching grasping pressing 3 The car itself 4 Moving within the home e Learn by doing e Give your child time to learn and react e Provide positive feedback e g You found the object your child ran into
17. Workshop 5 Innovation Way Suite 300 Newark DE 19711 Table of Contents Overview Seated Car Modifications Seating System Steering system Drive System Standing Car Modifications Activation switch Other modifications Powered Walker Modifications Activation switch Other modifications Thomas the Tank Prototype Sit to stand to powered walker All in one device Activation switch Other modifications Other Considerations Wiring issues Switch options AMP capacity of switch Safety considerations Conference Workshops and Presentations Utah SOPAC 2012 with picture Upcoming SOPAC 2013 Sit stand versions Other resources Facebook i e parents clinicians sharing pictures and ideas YouTube i e 8 how to videos from our lab and other clinicians Overview See Huang amp Galloway 2012 for more details Ride on toy cars General Features Table 1 briefly summarizes the basic features of toy cars Four categories are of particular interest cost accessibility aesthetics and adjustability First toy cars cost less than 400 and often under 200 which is comparable or less than most mobility devices Second most are relatively light weight small and easily transported without additional transportation costs unlike power chairs Third the child friendly colorful toy designs and the various toy functions e g headlights radio car noise make these cars more approachable by adults and children than some of other assitive d
18. d structure activity participation Abbreviations CRV compact recreational vehicle ICF International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health mph miles per hour Ride on toy cars Modifications Ride on cars will likely require electrical and or mechanical modifications for use with children with mobility impairments Two interesting aspects of modifying these cars are 1 modifications can be constructed to be permanent i e relatively fixed or temporary i e interchangeable and 2 with creative design and planning clinicians can construct a range of custom modifications to address goals at one or more of the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health ICF levels while the child and family focus on the fun of driving The initial decision is often which of the various car types and sizes are appropriate based on child s body size and capabilities Cars can be purchased in most major stores carrying toys or ordered online from distributors worldwide Each car has an unmodified original design with features that inherently fit certain children Thus the type and degree of modification of that original design becomes child and goal specific For example the original design of a Fisher Price Lightening McQueen Fisher Price Headquarters East Aurora NY may fit a taller or larger child than a Fisher Price Mater Fisher Price Headquarters East Aurora NY given the greater leg room The Mc
19. e count a reach for a leaf another car or any particular object as a reach for toy Measure 3 Mobility Mobility is the 10 minute time frame while the child is driving the car 1 Independent Joystick Contacts A For every time the child touched the joystick or button without assistance that is considered an independent contact a Ifthe child is repeatedly hitting the switch Ex If there is spasticity only count that as one touch b Allow at least 3 seconds between these touches before counting a second touch 2 Assisted Joystick Contact B For every time the child touched the switch with assistance ex Someone putting his or her hand on it that counts as an assisted contact 3 Visual Attention to the Joystick A Whenever the child makes eye contact with the switch this is considered visual attention to the joystick Subsequent visual attentions can be tallied as soon as the child breaks eye contact and then maintains it again 54 4 Independent Mobility A Independent mobility is the amount of time the child is driving after an independent joystick contact If the child places his or her hand on the switch independently and begins to drive count the amount of seconds of driving that ensues 5 Caregiver Mobility A Caregiver mobility is the amount of time the child is driving after an assisted joystick contact However during this type of driving someone holds the child s hand on the switch the entire time t
20. e future which should allow modifications for driving via other interfaces beside standard steering wheels and handle bars such as head arrays It is important to note that these types of advanced electrical modifications should be inspected by if not completed by an electrical expert B Round shape control C A ad handle control D Adapter cable and wire connectors A On off power switch F Standing Quad front view G Standing Quad sagittal view H A joystick driven remote controlled 14 Conclusion Modified ride on cars provide a low cost approach to powered mobility for children diagnosed with mobility impairments The modifications are meant to be low cost using readily available materials that can be found at popular websites or local hardware stores The below picture is a snap shot of the basic modifications of Mater our most popular modified ride on car 9 5 in x 2 14 4 in x 2 Py Part Name Quantity Cost Where to buy a ee 1 1in PVC 5 ft 5 Home Depot Lowes 6 in x 1 aE 2 4 in PVC 5 ft 55 Home Depot Lowes 5 _ 3 90 1 in connector 2 3 Home Depot Lowes 4 90 H in connector 2 53 Home Depot Lowes 5 T snap connector 2 55 Home Depot Lowes ee i 7 i Snap to 1 in 11 in x 1 a 6 Adapter 2 53 Home Depot Lowes sy to allow pipe to be 7 inserted T 7 Walking Wings 1 25 Amazon com f 8 Velcro Seat Bett 3 ft 10 Home Depot Lowe
21. evices This may be an important aspect for clinicians wanting to start early power mobility training with families hesitant to discuss power chair options Fourth a toy car is not a complex electro machanical device and as outlined below can be modified quickly and easily for a range of customized accessories that match the child s changing capabilitites and the clinician s various goals TABLE Technical Overview of Features of Ride on Toy Cars Small Large Availability Hundreds of models worldwide Hundreds of models worldwide Age y l 3 3 6 Price 70 150 200 to 2100 Weight lb lt 24 70 130 Speed mph 2 2 5 3 5 typically one speed 2 5 3 5 5 typically one speed Seating capacity l passengers 2 4 passengers Wheels 3 or 4 3 or 4 Terrain Indoor and outdoor flat Outdoor flat and hills Styles Cars trains jeeps tanks motorcycles farm vehicles Cars jeeps tanks motorcycles scooters Designs and frame options Colorful cartoon characters with plastic frame Colorful cartoon characters with plastic frame Battery drive 6v single gearbox 12v dual gearbox Noise level Minimally distracting Potentially distracting Activation Push button pedal button Push button pedal button remote controller Transportation Any type of car CRY mini van van Maintenance Keep clean regular check of battery power Keep clean regular check of battery power Focused on ICF components Body functions and structure activity participation Body functions an
22. ied under successful ll 2 Facial Expressions Determined exactly the same as for natural play A Positive Facial Expressions Tally the amount of times the child makes positive facial expressions for example they smile If the child remains smiling over a period of time that still remains the same tally Allow at least 3 seconds between two positive facial expressions before tallying it as a second 53 B Negative Facial Expressions Apply the same rules for positive facial expressions to this measure as well However this time record negative facial expressions such as frowning 3 Vocalizations Again the same as for natural play A Whenever the child expresses a desire verbally cries or makes another sound that demonstrates they are trying to express something tally that under vocalization Again observe a three second rule between the vocalizations before tallying it as a second 4 Gesture Again same for natural play A When the child points or motions for something this will be considered a gesture When they are continually gesturing for the same thing that will still only be considered one tally 5 Reach for Toy A As the child drives tally the amount of times he or she reaches for a toy Again only count a reach for the same toy once In some instances toys are not used as motivation throughout the driving process or even present during the driving especially while outside For this reason w
23. ing Phase 2 Learning how to stop Driver Training Phases 3 4 and 5 Prompted driving Driver Training Phase 6 Socialization 37 General Guidelines for Intervention The following guidelines should be followed by parents throughout the duration of the intervention and should be taught to caregivers to guide their activities with their child is driving the ride on car i 3 Encourage participants to be active movers and explorers This means you should give them ample time to move make errors and to correct their errors as independently as possible It also means that when they require your assistance to transition between postures to maintain postures or to interact with objects you should focus on providing them the least amount of assistance required Provide a just right challenge for participants In order for participants to make continual gains in a safe timely and positive manner it is important to know how much assistance they need to perform an activity and to understand ways you can adapt the activity to make it just challenging enough that the child will need to work harder but can achieve success This can involve altering the level of assistance you provide changing the child s posture or adapting aspects of the task such as object placement Make activities fun and meaningful for participants In order to elicit best performance from participants it will be necessary to understand their interests likes and
24. itically important that any electrical and structural modifications to a ride on car be fully tested and checked by an engineer with the appropriate expertise to determine the safety of the car Before a child uses a modified ride on car it should be tested to determine that it is safe to use for an amount of time equal to the amount of time the car will be used during a given session For example if a child is expected to use the car for up to 30 minutes during a driving session then the activation switch should be pressed and the car should used continuously on for 30 minutes This is possible by placing a block of wood underneath the car so that the back wheels are raised This will prevent the car from moving Then depending on an activation switch use a weight tape or some other means to activate the switch This will allow the car to be tested for a continuous amount of time without a child in the car During this time it is important to feel any wires to ensure that they are not heating up If the car passes this initial testing it is important for an engineer to check all of the modifications to ensure safety Modification Manual How to Modify Ride on Cars for Use by Children with Special Needs A Low Cost Approach to Powered Mobility for Infants and Toddlers Cole Galloway PT PhD Cell 443 466 8821 and Sam Logan PhD Cell 443 553 2342 Office 63 East Delaware Ave Newark DE 19716 Phone 302 831 3214 Ride on Car
25. main advantage of this switch is that it is specifically designed for children with special needs to use The switch has a large surface area for contact and the 22 slightest pressure will activate the switch These characteristics are especially important for children that have significant issues with reaching and applying force with their hand There are disadvantages to using this switch It is relatively expensive 59 before shipping and the wire gauge that is used is too small to be used with even smallest 6v ride on cars Rather than disassembling these switches to make them compatible with manufacturer s standards we explored other options Direct from an electronics distribution website we ordered a switch that is essentially the same as those found in Big Red see below The main advantage is the cost 5 before shipping However there are several disadvantages The switch does not come with any wires connected to the terminals Thus the appropriate gauge of wire needs to be connected via blade connectors or soldering Another disadvantage is that the switch does not come with push button interface i e the red top of Big Red The contact area to activate the switch is very small and is not very practical unless a housing is fabricated We have been unable to create a push button interface that is feasible for use with children with special needs 23 Another option is to purchase the switch shown below This switch was
26. n it takes a long time 3 Make sure your child has eye contact with you and the rewards 45 Do Not 1 Expect your child will start the movements immediately Give him her time to initiate the movements 2 Intervene your child s driving movements immediately when he she does not move immediately after your verbal or gestural prompt 3 Provide the rewards directly to your child without any eye contact Give him her time to actively move toward the rewards and have eye contact on the target i e you or reward Training Manual Phase IV Prompted Drivin straight direction and a specific distance Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do 1 Encourage your child to drive straight for 5 feet distances for the rewards e g toy 2 Provide different rewards if your child has multiple interests and short attention span Take a break if he she is tired 3 Provide positive feedback even he she does not drive continuously for 5 feet distances 4 Make sure your child has eye contact with you and the rewards 46 Do Not 1 Expect your child will complete the goal immediately Give him her time to initiate the movements 2 Expect your child to play with one activity ina continuously 20 30 minutes of training time 3 Give the positive feedback only
27. o help them drive Again count the seconds the driving ensues from this interaction 6 Assisted Mobility A Assisted mobility again follows an assisted joystick contact This time though the person removes their hand and the child is able to drive without additional help In summary someone puts their hand on the switch but then removes their hand and the child is able to drive independently Measure 4 Goal Oriented Driving This is again a 10 minute period of driving It determines the amount of time the child accomplishes stopping at their goal 1 Assisted giving hints A With Verbal Cue In this case tally the amount of times the child stops at a given goal after only being told verbally to stop at that spot a Example A child is told to drive to a toy and stop there If the child is driving and is told to stop right now that is considered assisted with verbal cue B With verbal Tactile Contact Tally the amount of times the child stops at a goal after both verbally being told to stop and someone tapping their hand to initiate stopping This type of goal oriented driving will be considered Assisted with verbal tactile contact a Example Child is driving to a goal but needs someone saying stop or take your hand of the switch combined with someone tapping their hand in order to actually stop at the goal 2 Independent A The child is either given a goal to stop at in advance or goes over to an
28. odification process of 5 Mater ride on cars The construction portion of the workshop lasted 2 hours For the remaining 2 hours the GoBabyGo team led a discussion about the potential uses and benefits of ride on car use by children diagnosed with mobility impairments SOPAC Pre Conference Workshop Disney World Recently the GoBabyGo team had a proposal accepted for the 2013 SOPAC meeting in Anaheim CA to provide a similar workshop that leads a group of physical therapists in the modifications of a seated ride on car into a seated standing powered walker version all in the same device Other resources Facebook The GoBabyGo Facebook page is an additional resource for those interested in modifying a ride on car This page serves as an online community for clinicians and caregivers to share ideas pictures and instructions of how to modify ride on 31 cars We have posted several technical updates through this page including instructions for basic modifications and additional activation switch options Our page has received over 200 likes and our post popular post was viewed by over 292 people http www facebook com UDGoBabyGo a UD GoBabyGo Home Bap UD GoBabyGo Timeline Now v Status Photo Video Event Milestone See Your Ad Here Ist Annual Section on Pediatrics Annual Conference January SECTION OF PRD THA 2012ANN CONFEREN The 3rd Annual Section on Pediatrics Annual
29. on the switch place your hand on top of his her hand and drive the car with him her for a while 5 Provide positive feedback every time when the car moves 43 Do Not 1 Expect your child will know how to control the car within few days It may require some time for him her to get familiar with this new device 2 Directly guide your child s movement through your own movement from beginning Unless he she does not have any exploratory behaviors e g touch or look at different parts of the car you can guide some of his her movements by placing your hand on his hers 3 Provide direct physical guidance all the time Try to encourage your child explore the driving possibilities e g hit the switch and go by himself herself 4 Intervene your child s exploration of car and body movements all the time Give him her time to figure it out 5 Give the positive feedback only when your child purposefully hits the switch Every time when he she hits the switch you should give positive feedback whether the movement occurs purposefully or accidently Training Manual Phase Il Car Exploration stop Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do Do Not 1 Encourage your child to drive around in the appropriate 1 Expect your child will start the movements immediately areas at home
30. ou and the 4 Provide the rewards directly to your child without eye rewards contact Give him her time to actively move toward the rewards and have eye contact on the target i e you or reward 47 Training Manual Phase VI Driving and Socialization different directions distances Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do Do Not 1 Encourage your child to drive to you other adults or 1 Expect your child will complete the goal immediately other children for the rewards e g toy Give him her time to initiate the movements 2 Make sure your child has eye contact with you and the 2 Expect your child to complete the goal when he she does target not pay attention on it 3 Provide positive feedback and eye contact when your 3 Give positive feedback without any eye contact Let your child reaches a toy other reward child see your facial expression while providing feedback 48 Ride on Toy Car Parents Log Sheet Participant s Initials Week _ Date Please choose the item s that apply 1 How much time do you play with your child with the ride on car Duration minutes 2 Where do you play with your child Basement Living Room Kitchen Bed Rooms Community Space please specify where e g playground Others please specify where 3 From 1 the
31. purchased directly from an electronics store in California jkelectronics com There are advantages to using this switch It is inexpensive 3 50 before shipping and already includes a push button interface the red top This design allows the switch to easily be mounted inside of an electrical junction box lt 10 see below to serve as a housing unit By placing industrial strength Velcro on the housing unit the switch can be mounted in a variety of locations providing flexibility on the floorboard steering wheel or head rest for foot hand or head activation respectively There are also disadvantages of using this switch The push button interface is smaller and requires more force to push down for activation compared to the Big Red However this switch may be appropriate for children with sufficient upper extremity control and strength or it can be used as the activation switch for a standing car Another disadvantage is that wires do not come preinstalled to the terminals However this allows for flexibility depending on the gauge of the wire that needs to be connected to the switch 24 A joystick activation switch is an additional option There are many advantages to installing a joystick First it allows a car to be driven with a zero turn radius Second it allows a child to control the speed of the car With traditional push button switches it is all or nothing activation That is pushing the switch activates the car at the ma
32. r an amount of time equal to the amount of time the car will be used during a given session For example if a child is expected to use the car for up to 30 minutes during a driving session then the activation switch should be pressed and the car should used continuously on for 30 minutes This is possible by placing a block of wood underneath the car so that the back wheels are raised This will prevent the car from moving Then depending on an activation switch use a weight tape or some other means to activate the switch This will allow the car to be tested for a continuous amount of time without a child in the car During this time it is important to feel any wires to ensure that they are not heating up If the car passes this initial testing it is important for an engineer to check all of the modifications to ensure safety Creating a GoBabyGo Community Utah Physical Therapy Association Fall 2012 Conference In Fall of 2012 the GoBabyGo team delivered the pediatric seminar for the Utah Physical Therapy Association Fall Conference This included an all day seminar focused on providing early powered mobility in the form of modified ride on cars to children with mobility impairments SOPAC 2012 On September 27 2012 the GoBabyGo team delivered a pre conference workshop to the Section on Pediatrics Annual Conference SOPAC This was a four hour workshop that led 30 physical therapists in groups of six step by 30 step through the m
33. rge car project Tupperware with the participants files or saved on the hard drive if none are left e Ontop of every template write your name the child s name and the phase of the trial Baseline intervention retention e For every video write down its visit number clip number and time within the clip you are recording e All data is to be recorded on both the paper template and then entered into their individual excel sheets and saved onto the USB o To find excel sheets Plug in the USB and open the finder icon on the desktop Click under devices for the USB and select it Double click Racecar Project and select the folder for the child you are coding for Measure 1 Natural Play For natural play you will code a 10 minute time frame of the child prior to when they begin driving the car e Start the ten minutes after the two minutes of natural play with the toy guitar If guitar play was not included is used throughout natural play or there was not enough time following guitar play for a full 10 minutes simply begin the 10 minute time frame at the start of the video e Fill out the template to include your name child s name and phase they are in at the top e For each video fill out the template to include the visit number the clip number and the time frame within the video you are coding Coding for Natural Play will include 5 different elements 1 Reaching for the Toy of times
34. rtant for caregivers to provide written and verbal feedback to the therapist to report on performance of the driving on the infant s progress on any changes in the infant s medical or developmental state and on any family changes that could affect the intervention 39 seated Version of Ride on Car Dynamic Sitting Age of Start 3 months Device Overview The seated car functions by pressing an activation switch with his her hand The switch will be placed on the steering wheel to allow easy access The switch will include a large surface area and a high sensitivity to pressure This provides an easy to use switch for an infant Qualification to Start An infant will first be placed in the seated ride on car at three months of age It is important to intervene prior to any significant motor delays are present The seated version of the ride on car will provide dynamic sitting to an infant The infant will be sitting yet the car will have the ability to move by switch activation It is important to start early and allow infants to explore the environment through ride on car use as much as possible during this time standing Version of Ride on Car Static Standing Age of Start 5 months Device Overview The activation switch of the standing car is different from the seated car In the standing car version the activation switch is mounted underneath the seat It is wired so that when the switch is released i e infant stands up the swi
35. s Industrial Strength 9 Main Activation 1 560 50 Enablingdevices com Switch 10 Kill Switch 1 10 Home Depot Lowes 11 Fun Noodle 1 10 Amazon com 12 Kickboard 1 S10 Amazon com Other Parts 7 3 in bolts nuts washers 10 Home Depot Lowes Adhesive attached to slip stop material 13 in x 2 Tools Required a lt 31 15 OTHER MODELS Standing Car Modifications Activation switch The activation switch of the standing car is different from the seated car In the standing car version the activation switch is mounted underneath the seat It is wired so that when the switch is released i e child stands up the switch is activated and the car moves forward Thus a child must stand up in order for the car to move forward The car will stop once the child sits down on the seat Other modifications All of the other modifications are similar to the seated car modifications All modifications are completed based on the individual needs of a child The amount of support required for safety should inform caregivers clinicians as to the types of modifications required 16 Powered Walker Modifications Activation switch Same as standing car Other notes The only difference between this version and the standing car is that a child s feet are on the ground When they stand up to activation the switch they must take supported steps It is especially important for direct
36. s well However this time record negative facial expressions such as frowning 4 Vocalization A Whenever the child expresses a desire verbally cries or makes another sound that demonstrates they are trying to express something tally that under vocalization Again observe a three second rule between the vocalizations before tallying it as a second 5 Gesture A When the child points or motions for something this will be considered a gesture When they are continually gesturing for the same thing that will still only be considered one tally B Example Child is pointing at a toy That will be considered a gesture If the child is continuing to point at the toy because someone doesn t understand what he or she are asking for it is still only considered one tally Measure 2 Car Play Car play is again a 10 minute time frame starting from the beginning of the clip For car play there will be several elements to tally 1 Prompted Mobility A B Total For every time someone encourages the child to drive ex By saying come here press the button get the toy tally that under the total number for prompted mobility Allow at least 5 seconds between these commands for the child to decide whether to respond before counting them as separate tally s Successful For every time the child responds to the command by doing as told ex By pushing the button driving to the car this will be tall
37. scope of this report to provide step by step guidelines for safe soldering techniques Second a method is to use blade connectors These are typically available in three different sizes indicated by the colors red blue and yellow smallest to largest The size to use depends upon the gauge of the wire you need to connect The only tool required is a wire crimping tool which is often included as part of wire strippers The blade connectors and crimping tool are available at any local hardware store Wire nuts can also be used to secure two wires together but not to connect a wire to a switch terminal To use wire nuts you simply twist the two sets of wires together that you want to connect then insert the wires 21 into a wire nut and continue to twist until secure Wire nuts are also available at any local hardware store Finally it is advised to NOT use electrical tape as the sole means of connecting wires together This is not a secure method and is not recommended Types of Switches There are many different types of switches available to use when modifying a ride on car It is always important to keep in mind the abilities of a child the car is intended for when choosing a switch There are advantages and disadvantages associated with the different type of switch options available The most common switch we have used in our modifications is the Big Red switch http webstore ablenetinc com big red twist p 10033500 see below The
38. taining the child s motivation to drive 11 B Seat belt and hip strap w ae x A Roll cage C Rollcage and T bar Steering System As with seating systems modified steering and drive systems should accommodate each child s capabilities interests and session goals and can be permanent or temporary The drive system refers to the means by which power is 12 delivered to the wheels Standard drive system includes a gearbox aka transmission in the rear wheels Modifications of the steering and drive system can be made separately but are often considered in combination A useful permanent modification of the drive system without involving the steering is to install an on off power switch Figure a A Toggle switch can be connected with one of the wires coming from the car to control the power See appendix for specifics Basic steering drive system options include a round shape style wheel Figure b with push button switches of various sizes and a bar handle style with different sizes of PVC pipe Figure c A bar handle small push button switch combination will be easy for children with functional upper extremities UE and thus allow other body function activity and or participation goals to be addressed without the child having to focus on a challenging steering and drive system For children with UE impairments this same modification will present a challenge and thus can be used to focus directly on UE goals
39. tch is activated and the car moves forward Thus an infant must stand up in order for the car to move forward The car will stop once the infant sits down on the seat Qualification to Start The transition from the seated car to the standing car will be based on a progression of motor performance Once an infant can pull sit to stand with assistance from a caregiver the infant will begin to transition to the standing car At the start of this transition the infant will continue to spend 50 of driving sessions in the seated car and 50 of the time in the standing car This will allow the infant to continue to explore the environment using the sitting car but we will begin to work on advancement of independent standing 40 As an infant can pull him herself from sit to stand independently he she will soend 25 of driving sessions in the seated car and 75 of the time in the standing car Standing Version of Ride on Car Dynamic Standing Age of Start 7 months Device Overview N A same as above standing version Qualification to Start As an infant can stand independently for at least 30 seconds he she will fully transition to the standing car He she will soend 100 of the time in the standing car At this point caregivers will encourage their child to march in place while on the standing car and to provide driving opportunities that challenge the postural system i e driving on rough surfaces to promote instability Powered
40. when your child drive directly for 5 feet distances If he she stops in the middle give him her time to initiate the movements again Encourage him her to keep going 4 Provide the rewards directly to your child without eye contact Give him her time to actively move toward the rewards and have eye contact on the target i e you or reward Training Manual Phase V Prompted Driving different directions and a specific distance Suggestions for Training a Child to Use a Ride on Car Young children in ride on cars must be supervised at all times Adults should be close by to monitor all activities and to ensure safety Do Do Not 1 Encourage your child to drive to you at different 1 Expect your child will complete the goal immediately directions for 5 feet distances for the rewards e g toy Give him her time to initiate the movements 2 Provide different rewards if your child has multiple 2 Expect your child to play with one activity ina interests and short attention span Take a break if he she is continuously 20 30 minutes of training time tired 3 Provide positive feedback even he she does not drive 3 Give the positive feedback only when your child drive continuously for different locations for 5 feet distances directly for different locations for 5 feet distances If he she stops in the middle give him her time to initiate the movements again Encourage him her to keep going 4 Make sure your child has eye contact with y
41. ximum speed possible This can lead to a somewhat jerky motion that may be unpleasant to a child However a joystick allows the amount of pressure applied to relate to the speed output of the car This allows a child to control the speed of a car and allows the possibility of a gradual increase in speed as pressure is applied to the joystick Third by installing other 25 components to complement the joystick such as a potentiometer Arduino Uno microcontroller microSD card and software programming will result in the recording of high quality driving data such as joystick activation time and distance traveled during each driving session Scan 26 Sabertooth dual 12A motor driver Price 79 99 http www dimensionengineering com products sabertooth2x12 SE Analog 2 Axis Joystick with Plastic boot Price 19 99 htto www superdroidrobots com shop item aspx itemid 1265 27 The below motors were NOT used to modify the red radio flyer car These are just examples of what the motors would potentially look like The exact size of the motors influences how well they do or not fit to an existing car In modifying the radio flyer the back wheels and motors were taken off of another ride on car and placed onto the radio flyer AME 210 series 12V 88in lb RH gearmotor pinion Price 39 49 http www robotmarketplace com products AME 210 1009 html 28 AME 210 series 12V 88in lb LH gearmotor
42. y Van Hise My now 16 month old 24 weeker mot mobile has hypotonia 33 YouTube The GoBabyGo YouTube channel is a means for our team and others to share their how to videos which provide step by step videos and instructions on how to actually complete the modifications There are currently 8 videos uploaded to the channel This includes one video from a Physical Therapist and Engineer from California who video recorded their modifications and encouraged us to share them with the GoBabyGo community To date this channel has received over 700 views Youg Mi Q Upload W uD GoBabyGo Featured Browse videos UD GoBabyGo UD Go Baby Go project E UD Go Baby Go Facebook paqe Date Joined Country Video 1 Main Activation Switch G 5 ths ago UD GoBabyGo 5 months ago Featured Playlists 34 UD GoBabyGo ae alee Featured Browse videos UD GoBabyGo Playlists Feed Comments View The GoBabyGo project at the University of Delaware focuses on how modified nde on toy cars can provide fun mobility as well as address a wide range of ICF body structure function activity and participation goals Ne have received emails and p more UD Go Baby Go project a EJ UD Go Baby Go Facebook page Car Modification from Stephanie Y Safety Video PLEASE VIEW BEFO How to modify a switch with new s 52 views 2 months ago 39 views 2 months ago 36 views 2 months ago by UD GoBabyGo Date Joined Sep 5 20
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