basic Pat Ave RUNOFF Storm Drainage example
Contents
1. Program Save and run the program by clicking on the save run icon on the top tool bar or by double clicking on the runoff icon in the main PCSWMM screen and selecting Run SWMM You can then view the time series plots or view the output file by selecting the appropriate icons The following Figure 23 is an example the output file selected by clicking on the icon on the top tray of the main PCSWMM window You can select the specific hydrographs to display by selecting the junction boxes to the left of the screen 20 Too CE 40 ifn j5 0i jA A100 a I CetaTime Apply ie al cians Hia Esceyuiht OF bipedal ba fhe leat a mei LO hhm ktin ma a ha aeei oct I ChA peer deed imer bp Yank Figure 23 A Few SWMM References James W W C Huber R E Dickinson and W R C James Water Systems Models Hydrology Users Guide to SWMM4 RUNOFF and Supporting Modules CHI Guelph 1999 James W W C Huber R E Dickinson L A Roesner J A Aldrich and W R C James Water Systems Models Hydrology Users Guide to SWMM4 TRANSPORT EXTRAN and STORAGE Modules CHI Guelph 1999 Huber W C Heaney J P and B A Cunningham Storm Water Management Model SWMM Bibliography EPA 600 3 85 077 NTIS PB86 136041 AS U S EPA Athens GA September 1985 Huber W C and R E Dickinson Storm Water Management Model Version 4 User s Manual EPA 600 3 88 001a NTIS PB88 236641 AS U S EPA Athens GA 30605 1988 Metcalf a2. a FaTH E Subm Bs i E wader Geay T hin Ce 7 MAPLES DFULL GiEFTH oi oo a a al oO oO m F F Jt IEF U WSTORE ETEO IJNFILI Hi o z a a Hi o m B AL a i mi oO F EF REIT Hi T HET E 1 TRS ABO r F SED PRA Heip Windows Galeton Hemin the dris le for mere pkerritien Figure 21 18 Now you can complete the M lines Go to the previously entered M1 line and enter NPRNT 3 to print out information for all 3 nodes We will obtain a complete printout by selecting INTERV 1 Go to the M2 line and select NDET 1 then the total simulation period will be printed leave the other two fields as 0 Go to the M3 line Indicate that you want information from the nodes 100 101 and 102 go into the RUNOFF block input file editor and go to the M3 line Add 100 101 and 102 in the first three fields enter 100 in the first field press the space bar to move to the second field and enter 101 and space to the third field to enter 102 Be sure to periodically save the file Importing Time Series Rain File Return to the main PCSWMM window Under the Utilities drop down menu select the Timeseries Manager Browse to the appropriate rain file and select Open A plot of the time series will be shown In the PCSWMM directory is a file labeled Type_II_Storm tsf This file contains the precipitation data for a SCS Type II event duration 24 hours and depth 1 in In the editing function window
3. block can evaluate a drainage system it 1s unable to provide a design It does however show how a SCS Type II design storm can be imported for use PCSWMM2002 contains multiple examples data sets which illustrate the various features available within the RUNOFE block program Of special interest is example set 4 which shows how to do stormwater sizing automatically using a combination of the RUNOFF and TRANSPORT blocks or an equivalent but more powerful combination of the RUNOFF and EXTRANS blocks In transport the sewerage can be re sized by setting NDESN 1 in line B3 The initial pipe diameters should all be set equal to the minimum pipe dimensions allowed by the reviewing agency and the output file will calculate the pipe diameters needed to prevent drainage failure The resulting pipe dimensions have to be corrected to available commercial sizes and the model re run for final analysis Another good example to look at is set 5 which shows how to design a sanitary system Starting with the average annual flow then using modifiers for monthly weekly daily and finally hourly variations PCSWMM can be used to obtain the peak flows and detailed data on flow variations Automatic re sizing is also available in TRANSPORT line B3 as noted above It is also possible to add precipitation and land use information from the RUNOFF block to consider I I inflow and infiltration in a separate sanitary system in order to model SSOs sanitary sew
4. you can create any Type II storm by automatically modifying the rain depth total In the edit drop down menu select the Edit Timeseries option Select the multiply option and enter 6 9 to obtain a Type II storm having a total storm depth of 6 9 inches see Figure 22 Press Execute making sure you only hit the execute button once This will generate the new precipitation file Now you can export the new precipitation time series to the Runoff file Use the option Export in the drop down File menu click on Selected Time Series and choose To Existing SWMM Input File Browse and select the runoff file to be modified and click on Export Now go to the input file editor to review the changes Importing the time series may modify some of the previously entered data for compatibility such as the number of rain increments and the start date of the event 19 Oper Fie eee TEILEN pIi LE Dons Fie CHH Hetesh tom Alja FE zme Pier As Teresavies File Aa Ueda Feir Curia Rainfall fin S pa i i 1 i i i i i i 1 l Jan 1 300 R00 5 iz 145 00 EREI 21 06 Gal 2 Fn i Jen 5 Cate Tine Eding Functions Apply be silori Harti bhiigh pakir arrar by Es eerie i Figure 22 The Edit window may ask you to update the file Accept the changes and save without running the file Now you have all the required information and can run the program Running the
5. M2002 Go to File New Create New Object Under object type drop down the menu and select a RUNOFF object type Type in a name in the upper field Pat Runoff for example and select Create Object see Figure 3 An object will then be created it will looks like a watershed with a red flag in the front see Figure 4 The red flag represents that the object has errors incomplete data or has not been executed by PCSWMM Double click on the runoff object and select Edit Input File Figure 4 Basic Data Entry On the top center of the page window are three tabs Forms Fields and ASCII SWMM is very strict about the position of each variable in the input file a wrong space will cause the program to fail For that reason the tab Fields is normally used Once you get some experience you can edit or modify a file easily within the ASCII format FRUSGF F PERO PES Hap Wird F erg an bn n hs daa fle Er meis rirmi Figure 5 On the left hand side there are multiple sections of the file representing sets of command lines Each RUNOFF file has at least the Title Lines Run Control Precipitation Data Conduits Channels Subcatchments and Print Control Along the bottom of the screen there is the help window that explains the description of each cell when the field form is used Each new file starts with an asterisk symbol in the first line the word RUNOFF in the second line and an asterisk sy
6. PCSWMM 2002 RUNOFF Block PAT AVENUE Storm Drainage Design A Hello World Example Prepared by Robert Pitt and Alex Maestre Department of Civil Engineering University of Alabama April 10 2002 Introduction SWMM the EPA s Storm Water Management Model is probably the most commonly used model for evaluating and designing large and complex urban drainage systems It is frequently used to investigate overflows and other problems in combined sewers CSOs separate sanitary sewers SSOs sewer rehabilitation options management options to decrease basement flooding and the typical designs of new sanitary storm drainage systems Numerous SWMM resources are available through the University of Guelph while the latest model versions along with essential documentation for PCSWMM can be downloaded at http www chi on ca swmm html The following example is a simple hello world analysis used to create a minimal storm drainage evaluation using the RUNOFF block in PCSWMM2002 The RUNOFF block contains information on precipitation land use and optionally as in this example sewerage data Plumbing information is more commonly given in the TRANSPORT or EXTRANS blocks This simple example will demonstrate how to set up a model for analysis and examine the resulting output The provided screen shots will illustrate all of the steps required to create the input file RUNOFF is quite limited in its capabilities and while the program
7. R a T fe ei Li oS i e a Para AE f iE F EE PP a a Lies rri al A y rls rood J 2 a ETa Po A P igi p aT Ee kar A LI LTI pr Is i ae ia a aL pi i f LT S i i Paia Er mini Ee ul ai rs L P r e 4 1 A i r a F Eor rr a a TIT p D gt a oe Herf T Paap a pi ee re En I ee eT LA T Ei wed a e l T h Freee jrr aai n dtii t F Top a a A t ite Sigel i ee ee ee Erba gn oe ee a E rik fal sees i tot N mr be T f aa Sh Oe e Sai ne 1 Fp r i ye I I a i a he ii a r i j Fit el gt Yee J eg ee eee rE T a H Te X st vote i 5 r _ m ry eta ig a a acy ad i ajeg in ig ee j W 7 E a 5 b kag h e a a are al pig a a Pn hie OS a Mehra Enea BEGGS Aa EE PR o d DAs Lerch A Figure 17 GIS Module to Enter Subcatchment Information The image can be temporarily removed by deselecting the lowest checkbox image name on the left of the GIS screen To enter the subcatchment data use the first icon selector arrow and double click the watershed icon on the GIS screen see Figure 18 The first subcatchment 1001 has the following characteristics an area of 1 067 acres 54 of the area is impervious add 54 not 54 an average catchment slope of 8 4 entered as ft ft vertical to horizontal dimensionless ratio so enter 0 084 here and Manning s roughness coefficients of 0 04 for the impervious area and 0 41 for the pervious area The watershed width is determined by using the ratio of watershed area di
8. a o ci a a 3 J J HI o o D fn D o o fm m a a a ETORT ITE EY Al oo 0 NET STARTBd STORPRS m i i i f CPONT mi T T SEHD I BOOMER Help Window Sele miem in thes dts Eeit rere ririn Figure 10 GIS Runoff Module to Enter Pipe Information Create a new object from the PCSWMM window Select GIS object and assign a name The object is an earth symbol that will be created in the project window You may have to drag the Pat Runoff and Pat GIS objects apart by holding down the left mouse button and moving one as they may super imposed on top of each other see Figure 11 a A PI Lee ey fh fay oe Bie Eit To Liles dee Hein Pat Avenue FERL ci PCSWHM GIS 2007 Figure 11 10 Double click the GIS object On the left side are the SWMM modules that can interface with the GIS module Runoff Transport and Extrans Check the little box to activate the runoff model and deactivate the Transport and Extrans modules Click on the word runoff to activate the Runoff module a shadow box will be created around the RUNOFF module if done correctly Optional Import of Images into the GIS Module It is possible to import a site image such as a topographical map or an aerial photograph into the GIS window to make placement of the drainage elements easier However this is not required and the elements can simple be placed on a blank screen Import the image of the site by selecting connect background l
9. ayer located in the file drop down menu Browse to locate the desired image Patwatershed jpg on your computer select Open and then select Connect see Figure 12 When the program asks for the reference file chose Cancel This option is for georeferenced images that are not needed and not available for this example When the image is registered a text file locates the image in map coordinates For this example there are no such referencing files To enlarge or reduce the image in the GIS window click on the and icons in the top tool bar and then click on the image SUA WS H ass Peace CEER A P avenues Pat GS ct fe Edt Were Her PCSWMM GIS Plea mart y reang te Obey lep add ver ep bagere bal ton bes pler ho Be be cone er fo the Hap i 5 Piae e a Dr 7 i fie e a e A H T fe if LEA E Cried ff a j m Uhar Enia EAN e A Hamim selected rade rohe Figure 12 11 From Mapquest s EE web site Figure 13 sif anaa Ente TNE HAEE wer R welected ra ea From the USGS s Terraserver website Figure 14 a In this example we are importing a topographic map with the inlet subdrainage areas already drawn in We will locate the inlets and the drainage with the GIS module which will automatically create the input file lines 12 Entering the drainage system and subcatchment locations using the GIS module greatly simplifies the linkage of the elements on th
10. e G1 and H1 RUNOFF block lines With the second icon located in the top GIS toolbar add the conduits Click the pipe junctions from the upslope to the downslope direction Nodes 100 101 and 102 along with Pipes 1000 and 1001 will be created automatically POSWHH G ms zuz LAVA e rE W MB Class Cramp Drainage Pat Avenue Pat lS mib oe ee Ho sees Figure 15 Select the third icon from the top GIS toolbar to locate the subcatchments Click on the nodes 100 101 and 102 where each subcatchment drains Subcatchments 1001 1011 and 1021 will be created 13 Ph tie aala aae elsa iHe et athe te eaten a a ae zj C a i Sm in Mara Enea STRESS Roth a ees Ade ed eee ERT Figure 16 Use the first icon the arrow from the top GIS toolbar to select the elements Double click on the first conduit number 1000 Select a circular type 2 and enter the appropriate values a length of 300 ft and a slope of 7 3 see Figure 17 In the RUNOFF block the pipe slopes are entered as ft ft vertical to horizontal inverted slope not as so enter 0 073 here However in the TRANSPORT block the pipe slopes are entered as ft 100ft or as a The required units for each cell may be found in the help window s hyperlink If the material of the pipe is concrete then a Manning s n of 0 013 is suitable The width pipe diameter used here is 1 ft make sure y
11. er overflows or runoff in a combined sewer system to model CSOs combined sewer overflows Both of these example sets contain blank templates that have all necessary command lines already in place allowing for easier data entry using the field option Starting the PCSWMM2002 Program To start the program go to the shortcut located on your desktop or select start programs PCSWMM2002 In most cases the opening screen appears However in some installations you may be asked for a password key Wee fie CEN PAME DA Figure 1 Pastiog Graphs Grecty bein year ra pn ni gigh palad i ie Graph Seniikily s aiy ik or Cob breton bogie cen ba oi end gosto draziy mis you repeats Cimply Croan POR desired goad chen Eepar han the Pie many araj sal eri jhe Faget a agiia ard tha ipbognd ge the ciehrapie Chek onibo Eo Guinan bo piace re oe ie piran ed ther sahin yoerdecimaton sppiceian ond purka poor gro Play Video Th Figure 2 Creating a New Project PCSWMM generates a folder for each project Inside the folder the project models are created Create a new folder File New Create New Folder Select the directory for the location on the computer using browse and then type in a folder project name and then press create folder Each model or element used in the model is called an Object inside of the project Figure 3 In this example you will create a Precipitation Runoff simulation using the RUNOFF block of PCSWM
12. fault evaporation parameter IV AP 0 the simulation starts at midnight on April 9 2002 hour NHR 0 minute NMN 0 day NDAY 9 month MONTH 4 year IYRSTR 2002 Don t allow evaporation from channels IVCHAN 1 see Figure 9 ae ER AR RA B Saz Be Taal Lie a arran fel Te lrs E Bas Ci EHF Al Hebi Perae i 82 Fred Cored Title Lima LP Ihis ir an tapla af bha rieplu belle weed F D rran iae Le Pint gad Hmaecce El Precio bria r Ej Erpin Dai i RETAIG HYT PPIRI IBFILA ETALTT vir EHP PN PORT EGRET ETHET Cus E ie Dabs El o J 1 fi a n ci a Too I D Cieli harr Bl Subcetcheerds iz CFEH 3 TRALEE CFR THRE E Wale Gaay amp o J ia E Pri Cesis ne 3 EXD BOA Iba Re eg gO ae i aa a Pe a ee of ee ister ae A E Hebe erani oul RW ence ee SNR ce Figure 9 Insert a B2 line include the comments Request the model to print all the input data IPRN1 0 this will let you to review the parameters assigned in the program Also have the model plot all the graphs PRN2 0 and all the daily monthly and annual totals UPRN3 2 Select zero groundwater errors Not simulated IRPNGW 0 Insert a B3 line the wet period calculation time step is equal to 60 seconds WET 60 the transition period time step is equal to 120 seconds WETDRY 120 and the dry period time step is equal to 900 seconds DRY 900 The other two fields LUNIT and LONG will be updated with the times ser
13. ies manager Rain Information Insert a D1 line include the comments Enter the ROPT option as zero the precipitation data will be entered using E lines Insert an E1 line This line describes the format of the precipitation file Select Precipitation and Time in Columns KTYPE 2 This will let you enter the precipitation in pairs time and corresponding precipitation depth The number of time precipitation events per line is one KINC 1 Have the model print all of the rainfall data KPRINT 0 The interval time for each record in the hydrograph is constant KTHIS 0 The units for time in the hydrograph is minutes KTIME 0 and each record presents the precipitation in inches KPREP 1 There will be 49 sets of paired rain data NHISTO 49 and the time interval between the values will be 30 minutes THISTO 30 Finally the simulation will start at midnight or O hours TZRAIN 0 See Figure 10 In this example the precipitation information for the E3 lines will be created with the times series application and only one line is required for now assuming zero precipitation Add one E3 line now To create the pair data of the hydrograph E3 use the space bar to indicate precipitation zero at time zero Watershed Information In this example there are two conduits and three subcatchment Insert two 2 copies of G1 lines for the conduits and three 3 H1 lines for the subcatchments Don t include any values afte
14. lick on the line A2 in the left menu This will insert a new title Don t include the comments for this line Repeat the same steps used for line A1 After you finish include an asterisk line see Figure 7 Run Control Information The run control is included in the B block Double click the B1 Modeled Processes option under the Run Control title on the left side of the page Select Insert Line check the Include Comment Line with Parameter Names and enter a 1 for the number of copies of the line Each title corresponds to each cell location Notice that when you use the keyboard arrows to move between the cells the description of each possible value is presented There is a hyperlink in the help window lower right hand corner that presents the description of each line in detail Locate the cursor with the keyboard arrows in the Metric cell of line B1 and press the hyperlink in the help window A new window will appear with the description of this line see Figure 8 F FROM F Ahmet ER IE bre Woe LE ct LL de a Brt PLIL Lf ae sort Line Bat Tameme FERDPECHHLH a boiie e H odsad Peran i torn ee eer Lice corre ire in ee rar ts le eerie ae oe ee Figure 8 For this example select US units METRIC 0 don t simulate snow ISNOW 0 use l rain gage NRGAG 1 select Horton equation for infiltration INFILM 0 don t simulate water quality KWALTY 0 use the de
15. mbol in the third line The comment lines also begin with asterisk and space see Figure 5 Pat Part ait BID a Al else D gt pl F FROM F a E Penia Dota FEED PRGOALLE F irem bey Vane panisin bne ral praeire Porn Lise corre ire in ee rar is We eerie watir aT rT Figure 6 Locate the cursor on the fourth line below the second asterisk Press enter to create a new asterisk and line see Figure 6 Now on the left menu do a double click on the word Title lines After that make a double click on the line A1 A new menu will prompt Select one copy and check the box that includes the comments the click the Insert button This is the title of this object Two lines will appear The first one is a comment line that indicates that the next line is a title In the second line A1 appears that represents the first line of the title section Notice that the description of this line appears in the help menu A green cell with the number zero also will appear Click on the ASCII Tab located in the top of this window Replace this zero with the Title of your project inside single quotes Click on the Field tab to return to the field environment Lj CHOP ork a Figure 7 Two title lines are usually used to describe a project Locate the cursor on the asterisk located below the line A1 Press enter to insert a new line Locate the cursor in the line below the line Al again Double c
16. nd Eddy Inc University of Florida and Water Resources Engineers Inc Storm Water Management Model Vol I Final Report 11024DOC07 71 NTIS PB 203289 U S EPA Washington DC 20460 1971 Roesner L A Aldrich J A and R E Dickinson Storm Water Management Model Version 4 User s Manual Extran Addendum EPA 600 3 88 001b NTIS PB88 236658 AS U S EPA Athens GA 30605 1988 21
17. ou don t use any size smaller than the minimum pipe size allowed by the reviewing agency Again in the TRANSPORT module where automatic re sizing is being used it is recommended that the minimum allowed pipe diameter be entered for all pipes and the program will re size the pipes automatically in the output file In the RUNOFF block this option is not available so the actual pipe sizes must be used Enter a zero for Full Depth the program will not run for with any other value values greater than zero are used for open channels When you are finished entering the conduit data click the x button in the top right corner of the entry screen Now enter the information for the other conduit Pipe 1001 is 300 ft long with a minimum diameter of 1 ft a 5 6 0 056 slope and is concrete n 0 013 14 LAA oS H ass Peace CEER A P avenues Pat OS mice a 1E ETA iia i i j 1i 7 ot lyp I EHNE iiir eeg piai L r ii oy L5 i j Sone i 1 k Fi Te i Herin i at s Fol elt u bebe ns crceia EFEN e WO ae a i i L oo oo a i iI v or ala i i dj i ad a l A a E ped t i h mii hii a iii EE r Eri m re i ar n Pe z dr ed 1 Tel i La a N oe ee ee F a m Pa uran Eni r sp a he ho ae rare il Ty en eer ee a a ee roe Cat jeri deal eh en a i r x I oe Pie pe il fof 1 i r hE To I re a LET yee ee a a a a e a a a ee Aa PERT a a A al ee a a e E a A A E
18. r the lines are inserted see Figure 10 All the information about Conduits and Watersheds will be created with the GIS module Print Control Information To finish the manual data entry indicate the information required in the report Create the blocks M1 M2 and M3 from the print control Menu see Figure 10 The line M1 indicates the nodes in channels pipes or inlets for which flow will be printed in the output file The print interval will be the same time step in this case it will be one The line M2 indicates the period that will be printed If STARTP and STOPPR are zero and NDET is one all the time periods will be printed That option is required in this example The M3 line will be included after using the GIS module SAVE THE FILE WITHOUT RUN the far left diskette icon on the top tool bar Don t close the window aT a Th Ht Biej ale stele als Ol cere E Tieles W I E a D Bas iy T irran ia i Fai T Ej Fiecipisirm haa bi Ei Gagan Dah r Gi Ga Dabs T ETEFE EINT EFAINT THIS ETIE KEEP MISTO THISTO TIRIN D orhe A hamme Ei E i D D D i 4a j fm E Sumera Ej Wani Deeley PACH Ej Pria aaien E oo i P ire Fund miri Bir Pord Pert Cite i HINEG HeTO HF GELETH ELEN etn dii eal os FOLL ER TE HI Channel piper iar Pining on p o o D D J o m J 7J q l D iy ti D D a a a o J J i i JE HiHNEF BETA MITH MEREL TIPRAF WILAPR IHPIR_H PREY H WaTOREY WETORES THI Hi i it it a nO ao a oO 0 Hl p o ti fa f
19. um infiltration rate 0 1 in hr and the decay coefficient 0 002 sec 16 PSA RM GS MT Coke wen i Med Een pe Orie at Avia fel ani i 5 Ae eiit Were tinh genes ote al eE mma ee T prol ial ooo cae eee al int L Poteteshod cy zi Mehra Emra AA Matha A a TIE eet Figure 19 Linkage of GIS file with RUNOFF Block Link the GIS with the runoff file by selecting Associated Input Files from the View drop down menu Chose the Runoff File option and browse to the edited input file Once the file has been located select Update then select Close see Figure 19 To update the edited file select from the File dropdown menu and select the Update Runoff Input File option The window will show Entries for Export select All Entries on Layer and Scope of Replacement select Replace All Entries and then click on Update See Figure 20 17 Figure 20 Minimize the GIS window and go to the input file The edit window will prompt that the file has been changed by another program click Yes to refresh from file see Figure 21 Gl Tike lisa o a 1 a a a cE LeO WITDAT DEY LIKIT LONG i H doed Procerrer o fa o o 82 Ferd Corts AJ Tignes ep Coated E T HIT It a P 7 ET I tL oo i ramka E Precigebalion Faia ETTE EO ERBIHT ETHI ETIE EAE MOT THIS TEBALH E Epen aa EL 1 1 o a 1 1 1 m P a m B Data a s so
20. vided by hydraulic flow length the longest flow path in the watershed In this case the hydraulic flow path was 473 ft and the resulting watershed width is 98 3 ft The parameters for the Horton infiltration equation are 1 in hr for the maximum initial infiltration rate infiltration parameter 0 1 in hr for the minimum infiltration rate infiltration2 parameter and 0 002 sec for the decay coefficient infiltration3 parameter 15 p ies iph a n a aial x rams Ane cle ACA RIA AERE CA Pomgraen Pim PEWA Th a al e E et Tirap Fara I m Pana _ Feared i l 7 ET sj F Mi erm Eea HAEE ea TE Hri e roder l rey 9 neekerin Figure 18 The second subcatchment 1011 has the following characteristics 74 5 ft watershed width an area of 1 087 acres 54 impervious area 9 3 slope 0 093 ft ft Manning s coefficients for impervious areas of 0 04 and 0 41 for pervious areas Horton infiltration parameters are maximum initial infiltration rate 1 in hr minimum infiltration rate 0 1 in hr and the decay coefficient 0 002 sec The third subcatchment 1021 has the following characteristics 109 ft watershed width an area of 1 431 acres 54 impervious area 7 2 slope 0 072 ft ft Manning s coefficients for impervious areas of 0 04 and 0 41 for pervious areas Horton infiltration parameters are maximum initial infiltration rate 1 in hr minim
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