IML HIV kit user manual
Contents
1. t you think even once about us or the reputation of the family What were you thinking Seema going out with that no good loafer Look at you now Shame on you Seema and you brought all this shame upon us can t even imagine what everyone will think Oh God Why did I have to live to see this day Father Look at what your liberal upbringing has done to your precious princess It s all your indulgence that has gone to her head Did not tell you all that freedom is not good for a grown up girl in the house But Ma Baba it all happened so suddenly did not know I could get pregnant How could have known Father You dare talk back to your parents Shameless girl Instead of repenting now you want to justify yourself sound of a huge slap and sobbing follows Questions 1 Do you think this situation could have been avoided If so how The situation could have been avoided if Seema had received sex education It is the parents responsibility to talk to children about relationships bodily changes dealing with the opposite sex Seema s parents should have been frank and friendly with her Adolescents require a lot of love and support When they do not get these at home they look for it elsewhere usually from a member of the opposite sex This need for emotional support coupled with an awakening sexuality often leads to a great deal of trouble Is Seema at any other physical risk be2. The chemical and indicator bottles are handy The 21 cards required for the second exercise are sorted O The tape recorder is working and the cassette is rewound to the correct side Attention Important information about the chemicals included in this kit About the Powder e The white powder provided is Potassium Carbonate K C03 e This is a salt that dissolves in water and becomes invisible In the process it becomes an alkaline solution Use the plastic spoon provided to make the solution e For the trick to work well it is necessary to use commercially available packaged bottled water This will ensure that the solution remains invisible e Keep the bottle in the kit closed when not in use in a cool dry place away from direct sunlight e Keep out of reach of children About the Liquid e The liquid labeled Indicator is phenolphthalein dissolved in rectified spirit e Just one drop is enough to test each cup If the solution is alkaline it will turn bright pink e Ifnew cups are not used for every workshop it will bes necessary to wash the cups well after every workshop e Keep out of reach of children Exercise 1 gt Magical Demonstration To show how HIV spreads and how it is detected Materials Required 10 cups for participants 2 cups for demonstration testing solution powder indicator packaged bottled water Time 15 minutes Step 1 Before the exercise starts e Have 12 c
3. sex with a person who is from a well to do family al fr ard q Rare afe a da ra Having sexual activity without intercourse de aaa Tan a a a a at Having sex without a condom just once High Risk There is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Even one risky encounter can be infectious Being friends with a person who is HIV No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids HIV does not spread through social contact Having sex with a sex worker High Risk If no condom is used there is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids However it is not necessarily more risky than an unprotected sexual encounter with any other person Masturbating No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Having a sexual partner who is from a well to do family High Risk If no condom is used there is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Status of family is not relevant Having sexual activity without intercourse Low Risk No risk of HIV as there is no exchange of blood semen and vaginal fluids However some STIs can be transmitted through intimate body contact Abstinence or not having sex 1 8 Having sex with an older person za ag a amp ae ata ee tae 1 9 Sexual Intercourse using a condom 20 Anal Sex aa age Abstinence or not having sex No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Having sex with an
4. that yeah We had talked about it when he was planning to go According to me it was avery bad idea and told him as much So finally he did visit a woman did he And what s he so shaken up about Saurav What do you think He has fallen sick He looks very worn out poor chap He is not saying it but obviously he is worried to death Probably thinks he s got the HIV Ajoy By God Don t tell me he didn t use a condom swear must have told him fifty times I said always keep one in your pocket just incase Saurav Guess what he says He says it happened so quickly that it did not occur to him to put it on Can you believe it Ajoy Really man Bad scene isn t it if he only used a little more control Questions Is there anything in the skit that suggests that Dileep is at any risk Dileep probably did not use a condom He is definitely at the risk of having contracted an STI maybe even HIV 2 Do you think it would have been safer if Dileep had been to any other women other than those women The risk would have been the same It is near impossible to tell about the persons sexual history or whether the person is infected or not by just looking at a person What should Dileep do If he has any symptoms of an STI he can go to a doctor and get it treated He should avoid all sexual activity and complete the course of medicines He can also go for an HIV test after the window peri
5. ELISA is a preliminary test which tests the presence of antibodies to the virus Here we mean having sexual intercourse Human Immunodeficiency Virus the virus that damages the body s defence system and causes AIDS HIV Positive Indicates HIV blood tests have detected HIV in the body That means the person tested is infected HIV Negative Indicates that the person tested is not infected or that it is too early for HIV blood test to detect the virus see window period Stimulating one s own genitals to get sexual pleasure Opportunistic infections Oral Sex PCR Seminal Fluid Sexual Intercourse STI Unprotected Sex Vaginal Fluid Virgin Western Blot Window Period Infections that take advantage of the body s inability to fight illnesses Using the mouth in any way on portions of the body Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR tests specifically for HIV genetic material The fluid that is secreted by the penis Man s penis penetrates the woman s vagina Sexually Transmitted Infections Having sex without using a condom The fluid secreted by the vagina A person who has not had a sexual experience This is a confirmatory test usually done after the ELISA to test antibodies specific to HIV The HIV blood test may not be able to detect infection up to the first 6 months This period is called the window period HIV Blood test must be repeated 6 months after any po
6. Each of us is responsible for spreading this knowledge to as many people as possible Appendix 1 gt Frequently Asked Questions 1 Where did AIDS come from e AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV but where this virus came from is not known However as new facts are being discovered about viruses it is becoming increasingly difficult to answer this question Besides such questions are no longer relevant and do not help in our efforts to combat the epidemic What is important is the fact that HIV is present in all countries and we need to determine how best to prevent the further spread of this virus 2 What is the relationship between STI and HIV e Worldwide data shows us that the major mode of HIV transmission is through the sexual intercourse The relationship between STI and HIV is two fold 1 STIs are an indicator for high risk behaviour unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple partners the same risk behaviour that results in HIV transmission and 2 STIs damage the genital area making it easier for HIV to be transmitted e Thus controlling STIs can contribute to significantly reducing HIV transmission 3 What is the difference between HIV and AIDS e HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus is the virus that causes AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome A person with HIV may look and feel healthy for many years but can still pass on the virus to others AIDS is a late stage of HIV infection AIDS happens when a pers
7. Risk If no condom is used there is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Having sex with a healthy looking person La Holding Hands No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Getting Drunk Can be risky as being drunk means not being in control and that could result in forgetting to use a condom Having sex with a person having an Sexually Transmitted Infection High Risk Sexually Transmitted Infection makes it easier for HIV to enter the body Deep Kissing Low Risk No exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids However in the rare situation that both partners have cuts in the mouth resulting in exchange of blood it could be slightly risky Some risk of contracting STIs remains Giving Blood No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Donating blood saves lives and must be encouraged Having sex with a healthy looking person High Risk If no condom is used there is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids You cannot tell from outside whether a person is infected or not Writing Love Letters No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids It is a safe way to show affection Having sex without a condom just once e Ba fink ve are poata amp fren ara a pa Being friends with a person who is HIV infected 00 muaa dra cafes amp q dara Masturbating Having
8. STIs can be cured if treated early however some have very serious consequences Untreated STIs make it easier for HIV to enter the body It is important for both partners to complete the treatment for STIs as they can recur Step 2 Distribute cards to the group e Distribute the cards among the participants individually or in small groups depending on the group size e Tell the participants that they have to assess the activity described in the card based on whether they think it is low risk high risk or no risk in the context of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV transmission e Give the participants groups a few minutes to prepare themselves Step 3 Call up participants to explain their card e Invite the participants to come to the centre and read out their e If the explanation is not according to the expected responses refer to the list on the next page the facilitator must invite discussion within the larger group and guide the final response e After explaining the participants must wait at a corner Step 4 Group participants according to card colour After all the cards have been discussed ask the participants to separate into 3 groups according to card colour There should be 9 people each in the green card and orange card group and 3 people in the yellow card group Step 5 Explain to the group e All green cards represent activities that carry no risk of HIV or STI e All yellow cards represent activiti
9. THOUGHTSHOP FOUNDATION thoughtshopfoundation org click on this page to visit the website PARTICIPATORY LEARNING AIDS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE Thoughtshop Foundation 2005 www thoughtshopfoundation org HIV AIDS About this Package It s My Life is a series of participatory learning tools developed as a part of an intensive youth empowerment programme These tools have been designed and tested to be adaptable for different literacy levels group sizes and available time This kit is one of the It s My Life components To maximise impact and time effectiveness the curriculum has been whittled to three core issues Understanding infection Risk Perception and Social Issues Each issue is discussed within a structured and stimulating multimedia activity It takes about 2 hours to conduct the complete session The package is simple enough to be used by peer educators Rather than deal with theoretical and historical information about HIV this package directly raises issues related to attitudes and behaviour change amongst young people Information about sex and sexuality is openly discussed acknowledging the different kinds of experiences young people are likely to go through Issues related to gender inequity and sexual orientation are touched upon This package does not include details on condom use because many schools colleges communities do not permit condom demonstration This package touches u
10. bout sex drugs AIDS as it might encourage them to do wrong things There is no cure for HIV AIDS One can recognize a person infected with HIV by the way he she looks HIV is transmitted through exchange of semen vaginal fluids or blood A person cannot get HIV by donating blood Most HIV AIDS infections happen through unprotected sex It is necessary to use a condom only when having sex with women in prostitution There is a strong link between Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV AIDS know how a condom is used know where to go to get myself tested for HIV please name the place It is possible that someone know has HIV AIDS It is okay to hug a friend who has HIV AIDS Appendix 3 gt Glossary Abstinence AIDS Anal Sex Condom ELISA test Having Sex HIV HIV ve HIV ve Masturbation Not having sexual intercourse Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome This is a late stage of HIV infection In adults AIDS develops 7 to 10 years after infection At this stage the infected person s body is too weak to fight off illnesses AIDS is not curable but new medicines can help people with AIDS live healthier for longer periods Penetration of the penis into the anal passage A narrow tube made from very thin latex rubber which is soft and elastic It is closed at one end and fits over a man s erect penis Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
11. cted glass will turn pink e HIV too is detected in the human body only through certain blood tests e Sprinkle the testing agent in each of the demonstration cups One will remain as it is The other will turn bright pink e Tell the group only 1 of the cups that participants are holding had the same invisible agent e Ask the group Now that fluids from have mixed how many cups do they think will turn pink Let us see Step 4 Test the 10 individual cups e Puta drop of indicator in each cup Infected cups will turn pink e Re iterate the fact that only one cup was infected at the beginning e Ask all the infected volunteers to stand on one side Ask them how they think they got infected Step 5 Wind up e Collect the cups from the volunteers thank them for their participation and ask them to return to their seats e Share the sum up points with the entire group once everyone is back in their place and you have their attention e The sum up points are listed in the next page Exercise 1 gt Magical Demonstration gt Sum up 1 The Human Immunodeficiency Virus or HIV spreads when certain body fluids of an infected person pass into the body of another person By certain body fluids we mean blood seminal fluid and vaginal fluid HIV is the virus that causes AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS is the late stage of HIV infection AIDS happens when a person s immune system breaks
12. down and he she becomes too weak to fight off infections AIDS may take several years to develop In most cases HIV is passed from one body to another through unprotected sexual intercourse Some ways of avoiding the risk of HIV infection through the sexual route of transmission are e Using a condom correctly e Practicing safer sex where there is no penetration or exchange of body fluids Having a single uninfected faithful partner o Not having sex HIV can also spread 9 Through transfusion of unscreened untested Blood e Through sharing of contaminated syringes or needles e Through an HIV infected mother to her child during pregnancy birth or breast feeding You cannot tell by looking at a person whether he or she is infected The only way to tell is through certain blood tests for example ELISA Western Blot PCR Exercise 2 gt Risk Game To explore the degree of risk that various activities have Materials Required Pack of Cards this Flipchart Time 45 minutes Step 1 Explain to the group By Risk we mean the risk of contracting a Sexually Transmitted Infection or HIV STIs are infections that spread mainly through sexual contact Some examples of STIs are Syphyllis and Gonorrhoea Some common symptoms of STIs are pain in the genital area pus discharge sores blisters rashes in the genitals and the mouth If a person has sex with somebody who has a STI they are most likely to contract it as well Most
13. ee Arun No HIV cannot be spread by talking holding hands eating together breathing the same air or looking after a HIV infected person If Arun s friends come and meet him often how will it actually benefit him A happy mental state and proper physical care can prolong the person s life Testing HIV positive can be a traumatic experience and the patient needs to feel loved and cared for Why isn t there a vaccine or medicine for AIDS as yet The HIV virus has the ability to change itself in order to survive As a result there are many variations of the virus in different parts of the world Even inside the body of a person the virus changes itself over time All this makes it very difficult to understand the virus Research is under way and scientists estimate that it will take up to ten years to develop a vaccine for general use Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Sum up 1 Sex Education and HIV AIDS education is important so we can keep ourselves safe 2 As there is no vaccine or cure for AIDS yet the best way to avoid HIV infection is to keep ourselves informed and avoid the exchange of body fluids 3 Abstaining from sexual activity practising safer sex using condoms correctly every time making sure we do not receive untested blood these are some ways to keep us safe 4 Caring for or being friends with a person affected by HIV AIDS is safe and will help the person maintain a positive outlook towards life 5
14. ery many years Here are some things about the virus that we do know e The first case of HIV infection was identified in 1986 in India e Today there are an estimated 40 million people infected with HIV in the world UPS estimate e There are an estimated 4 million people living with HIV AIDS in India 2 That is 10 of the world s HIV AIDS population e Nearly half of all new infections are occurring among people in the 15 24 age group Many of them do not know they are carrying the virus e In 8 out of 10 cases the virus is spread through the sexual route e Worldwide HIV AIDS is the fourth biggest killer e HIV AIDS cannot be cured but it can be prevented How can we prevent HIV AIDS Experience from around the world has shown that it is necessary to educate young people about the process of growing up and its implications Educating young people on family life education HIV AIDS and life skills will enable them to develop a strong value system and adopt a responsible lifestyle Young people can also be agents of change and spearhead advocacy for HIV AIDS education among peers community members family etc Empowerment through knowledge and skills will help young people make correct choices and prevent further spread of HIV AIDS Using this kit e It takes about 2 hours to conduct the entire session e This kit can be used in a group size ranging from 10 50 e The kit is ideally used with people who are 16 years a
15. es that are safe from HIV infection but may carry risk of STI e All orange cards represent activities that are highly risky in the context of HIV and STI e Let the green card holders quickly read out their cards for everyone Step 6 Wind up e Collect the cards from the participants thank them for their participation and ask them to return to their seats Next page has a list of all the cards and expected responses The facilitator must invite and guide discussions wherever necessary Note The Facilitator must encourage every participant to apply the thumb rule of whether specific body fluids are being exchanged or not It helps to carry back a simple rule that helps in deciding whether an activity is risky or not Exercise 2 gt Risk Game gt Reference Sharing a glass of water with an HIV infected person EN HIV ve E La mara dea a art aq Re ae sera oreft ar Hugging Y Td aa Having many sexual partners aa Dee AA aga otal amp oe ds araa eae Holding Hands Getting Drunk Having sex with a person who has Sexually Transmitted Infection ES fa ata da a da a dea a a da ra qua Sharing a glass of water with an HIV infected person No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Deep Kissing Hugging No Risk There is no exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Giving blood Having many sexual partners High
16. nd over e HIV AIDS education is most effective with groups who have already received sex education e The package is designed to involve all the participants through the various activities e The facilitators role as a magician educator and quiz master is important and the facilitator should be well rehearsed before conducting the session e To conduct the workshop efficiently at least one co facilitator or helper is necessary e The co facilitator can keep the material for each activity ready before it starts and also collect the material after each activity e A glossary of terms has been provided to the help the facilitator clarify terms and practices that the group may not be familiar with Contents of the package 1 One Guide book For instructions and guidelines to be followed by the facilitator 2 Transparent cups botle with liquid indicator bottle with powder chemical spoon For exercise 1 gt Magical Demonstration To show how HIV spreads and how it is detected 3 One pack of 21 cards For exercise 2 gt Risk Game To explore how risky certain real life situations are in the context of HIV AIDS transmission 4 One audio tape For exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz To explore certain real life social issues around HIV AIDS Side A Hindi Bengali plays Side B English plays Check Before the workshop starts make sure You have photocopies of the pre and post test questionnaires All the cups are all washed clean
17. nking I d go and see him more often why don t you come along Badal See Sudip being sympathetic is all very well but don t you know there is no cure for AIDS if you get the virus from him Have you even thought about that Sudip Which world do you live in Badal Don t you know that you can t get the virus like that He is our friend Badal We used to be in the same cricket team since we were so small don t you feel you should be with him and make him feel better Badal What do you think your visiting him will make him feel better Caring for AIDS patients is a doctor s job let them do it Anyway since there is no treatment don t know what even they can do Better you keep away and take care of your own life instead The truth is there is nothing you can do for him Sudip Arun is my friend and I will stand by him to give whatever support can Like you said there is no cure that s why friendship is so important Badal You re just being a sentimental fool Sudip Come let s both go and meet him He ll be very happy to see you He was talking about the time we beat the gang from Little Star Club Badal Yeah I remember that partnership of 83 runs between Arun and me wasn t that fabulous Well ok since you insist I ll go this time but don t think III do this everytime Sudip Just once is good enough to begin with lets go Questions Can Sudip contract the HIV if he goes to s
18. od He should ask for pre and post test counselling so he is mentally prepared for the experience Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Reference Play 4 gt Ways in which HIV does not transmit Gupi Hey Bobby Baatik Babu is coming this way Bobby bet he will start talking about his pet paranoia again Gupi Good Morning Baatik Babu What s the story with your new hairstyle Unless you are planning to take up sanyas I d say your haircut is about six months overdue BB No no barber for me thank you and if you don t want to get AIDS suggest both of you quit visiting your barbers do you hear me Bobby I think you are mistaken Baatik babu They say there s no risk in that Gupi Arre forget it yaar Come on Baatik babu lets have a round of tea our treat BB No no no tea Are you both mad don t eat or drink anything outside Looks like the two of you have no idea about AIDS you know Gupi Oh come on Baatik babu everyone knows that AIDS does not spread like that BB Don t argue with me young man Here s some good advice for both of you no bathing in the pools no shaking hands that s my motto secret to a long and healthy life Bobby Well in that case maybe we should all become sanyasis and retire to the Himalayas tell us when you head that way maybe Batik babu maybe we will follow you Pulling my leg aren t you Scoundrels Move out of the way should have known better
19. of pneumonia certain skin cancers and dementia Is there a treatment for HIV AIDS All the currently licensed drugs AZT ddl and ddC have effects which last only for a limited duration These drugs are very expensive and have severe reactions while the virus tends to develop resistance rather quickly with single drug therapy The emphasis now is on giving newer drugs called protease inhibitors but this makes treatment even more expensive The World Health Organisation recommends strengthening the clinical management for HIV associated opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis and diarrhoea Better care programs have shown to prolong survival and improve the quality of life of people living with HIV AIDS Appendix 2 gt Sample Pre post test questionnaire Distribute this form at the beginning of the workshop after the introduction Ask each person to tick their response in the first column labelled Before only Tell the students that this is not a test They should try and answer the questions individually and as honestly as possible Collect the forms after a few minutes when everyone has filled it up At the end of the workshop distribute the forms again and ask the participants if they want to make any changes This time they should work in the second column labelled After They should ignore their earlier responses Education mark Yes y or No or Don t know 7 Young people should not talk a
20. older person High Risk There is exchange of blood seminal or vaginal fluids Sexual intercourse using condom Low Risk No risk in the context of HIV only ifa condom is used correctly every time However some STIs can be transmitted through intimate physical contact Anal Sex High Risk The anal passage is tight and can tear easily during penetration which would provide a direct route for HIV transmission There is need for care even with condom use as condoms may tear Being a virgin No Risk As it implies no sexual activity and therefore no exchange of body fluids Exercise 2 gt Risk Game gt Sum up 1 Any activity where there is exchange of blood seminal and vaginal fluids carries risk of HIV or STI infection 2 The relationship between STI and HIV is two fold a STIs are an indicator for high risk behaviour unprotected sexual intercourse with multiple partners the same risk behaviour that results in HIV transmission and b STIs damage the genital area making it easier for HIV to be transmitted Thus controlling STls can contribute to significantly reducing HIV transmission 3 STIs should be treated as soon as possible by a registered doctor and the course of medicines should be completed to fight the infections effectively 4 Anyone who suspects that he or she might be at risk of HIV infection should contact a Doctor or a VCCTC centre to receive confidential counselling and testing for HIV 5 An
21. on becomes too weak to fight off infections In adults AIDS develops in 7 to 10 years on average In children it usually develops much faster 4 What are the symptoms of being infected with HIV e People infected with HIV may not show any symptoms at all for many years A special blood test is the only way to determine whether or not a person is infected with HIV What are the symptoms of STI A man infected with STI may have the following symptoms o Pain or discomfort while urinating o Discharge from penis o Sores blisters bumps or rashes on the genitals or inside the mouth A woman infected with STI may have these symptoms o Discharge from the vagina that has strange colour or bad smell o Pain or itching around the genital area o Pain or unexpected bleeding from the vagina during or after intercourse More severe infections can cause fever pain in the abdomen and infertility Some STIs in men and women may not have any noticeable symptoms at all o What are the symptoms of AIDS Once a person is infected with HIV it make take 7 10 years for the person to develop AIDS The major symptoms of AIDS are weight loss greater than 10 of body weight fever for longer than a month and chronic diarrhoea for longer than one month Other minor symptoms include a persistent cough for longer than a month skin irritation herpes zoster shingles fungus infection in the mouth swelling of lymph glands Also common are infections like a type
22. orrectly give them 5 points If they are completely wrong give them 0 With a partially correct or wrong answer the question should pass to the next team Step 3 Repeat correct answer after every response e After the team has answered re enforce the correct response Read out the answer from the flipchart if necessary e Ifthere are any doubts or questions allow discussions but keep them short Step 4 Wind up e There are three questions for each skit There are 5 skits in all At the end of the quiz add up the score and announce it to the group e Share sum up points with the entire group once you have their attention The topics for the plays are 1 Role of parents in imparting and sex education HIV AIDS education 2 Drugs and HIV 3 Safe sex and HIV 4 How HIV is not transmitted 5 Treatment and Caring for people with HIV AIDS Note Some topics have been omitted from this kit to keep within the usual time constraints However an additional cassette and questionnaire is available which deals with the following issues Blood and HIV Safe sex and HIV HIV and Motherhood Testing for HIV Treatment and Caring for people with HIV AIDS HIV at the Workplace ARA NS These topics may be included if this kit is used in organisations Please see Appendix 4 for other Kits that are available Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Reference Play 1 gt Role of Parents Mother Chee Chee Seema Such a disgrace Didn
23. pon STI without going into specific details such as different STIs visuals of symptoms etc Specific information about medicines vaccines tests and costs are not included because of regional variations and rapid change The educator may need to keep abreast of the current developments The facilitator may consider using separate kits to reinforce different aspects of HIV AIDS STI awareness Please see Appendix 4 for other available material Contents Page Introduction 2 Using this Kit 2 Important Instructions for handling chemicals 3 Exercise 1 Magical Demonstration 4 Exercise 1 Sum Up 6 Exercise 2 Risk Game T Exercise 2 Reference 9 Exercise 2 Sum Up 11 Exercise 3 Audio Quiz 13 Exercise 3 Reference 14 Exercise 3 Sum Up 19 Appendix 1 Frequently Asked Questions 20 Appendix 2 Sample Pre post Questionnaire 21 Appendix 3 Glossary 22 Appendix 4 Other material developed by us 23 Introduction Here are a few points to set a context to the workshop on HIV AIDS awareness These points can be used to influence Principals about the need for such programmes and also for students to realise the gravity of the situation Twenty five years ago hardly anyone knew of HIV AIDS Today it is one of the biggest concerns all over the world No one knows exactly where the Human Immunodeficiency Virus originated or the conditions that led to its spread among the early 1980 s It may have lived in a latent form for v
24. questionnaire is available to address other relevant issues in case the HIV AIDS kit is used in organisations e Training Kit on Credit amp Savings for Household Enterprises Developed in collaboration with CARE WB e Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation PHAST Flash Card Pack Developed in collaboration with GKW Consult KFW PHED West Bengal e Training Kit on Gender Issues and Domestic Violence Developed in collaboration with Oxfam GB ElO Adolescent Reproductive Health Issues e Champa Paro Kit This package comprises 5 modules with stories and games to impart reproductive health education The Champa kit Bengali is for rural adolescent girls while the Paro kit Hindi is adapted for slum based adolescent girls For more information or feedback contact shankar l Thoughtshop Foundation Os fon Era en Be nn Flat 7 56 B Block D New Alipur Kolkata 700 053 ee nn 2er Phone 91 33 2407 1292 5525 9273 reproductive health education and male responsibility u Champa and Shankar kits developed in collaboration with CINI WB Email thoughts vsnl com Paro kit adapted in collaboration with CARE MP www thoughtshopfoundation org
25. sides pregnancy Since Seema and her boy friend did not use any protection she is also open to the risk of having contracted a sexually transmitted infection or HIV Would it have been any different or how would it have been if there had been a boy in Seema s place In our male dominated society it is always more difficult for a woman as she has to bear the pregnancy She cannot run away from it as it is something that is developing inside her A boy in Seema s place would probably get a bad name for a while He would also remain open to the threat of a sexually transmitted infection or HIV Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Reference 2 How do you think the youth can be deterred from taking drugs Play 2 gt Drugs and HIV e Young people can be deterred from taking drugs Father This is unbelievable Have you read the papers a if the whole curiosity surrounding drugs is removed by parents today One article here says everyday thousands teachers and other influencers of teenagers in this country are getting addicted b if the home environment is kept healthy and happy to drugs Apparently a a large number of these c ifthe parents are friendly and supportive towards their kids young people are also getting infected with HIV because they share needles which are used to 3 How exactly is taking drugs related to HIV AIDS inject drugs Mother Good God You know this kind of news gives me e Drug addicts sometimes use syringes to injec
26. ssible exposure to HIV infection Since an infected person can transmit the virus at any time it is important to use a condom during sex or to avoid penetration Appendix 4 gt Other material developed by us Youth Issues HIV AIDS Issues e It s My Life Participatory Learning aids for Young People e Audio Visual Film Invisible Virus 5 mins English and Bengali Developed youth suitable for peer based programmes Developed for Youth Awards for Social Initiatives project Partners WB Each package comprises interactive workshops games and SACS Balmer Lawrie and Thoughtshop Foundation activities Different versions available for literate and non literate e Tableux Film Disha 20 mins Hindi Developed for Project Lighthouse Population Services International e Film Aakrant 45 mins Hindi and Bengali Developed in collaboration with Bengal Chamber of Commerce and British Council Division groups Resources available on these topics 1 Understanding Myself and My Values 2 Understanding Relationships and Responsibilities Flim Suhana Safar 20 mins Hindi i A i indi 3 Exploring Gender Developed in collaboration with Bhoruka Public Welfare Trust 4 Family Life Education 5 HIV AIDS Other Issues 6 Assertiveness Skills 7 Communication Skills e Reproductive Health Kit on Pregnancy Delivery and Family 8 Stress Management Spacing 9 Exploring Work and Careers Developed in collaboration with CINI WB An add on cassette and
27. t the drug into the sleepless nights about our Binnoo Just think he has just started college god only knows what kind of friends he s making Do you think maybe we can try talkng to him about all it enter the body of those sharing the needle If one of the users has blood After use a minute quantity of blood may be left on the syringe needle If this syringe is shared the blood of different users can Father Oh Nonsense I m not worried about Binnoo at HIV there is a risk that all those who shared the syringe can get the all He will never get into such things After all he virus has inherited our family heritage of highest moral standards lts all there in his blood Besides you should understand the boys psychology You see discussing things like that may only arouse his curiosity So don t start talking to him about drugs ok and stop worrying for once Wife Whatever you say But can t stop worrying aboutmy only son Questions 1 Why do you think the youth try drugs e The youth experiment with drugs for various reasons peer pressure family problems pressures curiosity to cope with failure low self esteem Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Reference Play 3 gt Safe Sex and HIV Saurav Hey Ajay heard about Dileep Bad scene No Ajoy No What are you talking about Saurav Poor chap is quite shaken up The thing is he had visited one of those women get what mean Ajoy Oh
28. than to waste my time with fools Don t misunderstand us Baatik Babu all we are saying is that maybe you have got some wrong notions about AIDS Questions 1 Do you think the Baatik Babu s fears about visiting a barber is justified No There is no risk in visiting a barber HIV cannot be spread by using razors in saloons because the virus cannot survive outside the human body for more than a few seconds It perishes on contact with air However one should always insist on a new blade to avoid even the slightest risk of any infection Can HIV spread through mosquito bites No Mosquitoes do not spread HIV nor do other insects like lice flea ticks and bed bugs HIV is a human virus it does not survive within the body of other animals Can one get the HIV by using public toilets No One cannot contract HIV by using public toilets but it is possible to get other infections N Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz gt Reference Play 5 gt Treatment and Caring for people with HIV AIDS Badal Hey Sudip where are you going with all these goodies looks like a picnic Sudip Hey good to see you Badal Actually I m headed towards Arun s home He is very ill suppose you have heard that he is not keeping too well nowadays Badal What are you crazy look everyone knows that he has AIDS How long have you been visiting him Sudip I visited him once before but now that the holidays are on was thi
29. ups ready half filled with water 10 will be given to participants and 2 will be used for demonstration by the facilitator e In one of the 10 cups meant for the participants dissolve one spoon of the powder Make sure it is well dissolved and the cup looks like it containers water just like the other 10 cups In one of the cups meant for demonstration dissolve one spoon Keep the 2 demonstration cups aside Keep the 10 participants cups ready for distribution Step 2 Ask 10 volunteers to come forward for this game e Ask them to stand in a semi circle facing the group Give each volunteer a cup half filled with water e Tell the group Each cup represents our body The liquid inside is our body fluid Find a partner to exchange your body fluid with You can have as many partners as you like e Tell them To exchange body fluids they must empty their cup into the partner s cup and then pour back until both cups have the same amount of fluid they started with e Encourage people to move around and exchange body fluids for a minute After that ask them to stop and return to their positions in the semi circle with their cups Step 3 Hold the demonstration glasses up to the large group e Show them that both cups have clear fluid e Tell them that one cup has an invisible agent like HIV in the human body e Itis impossible to tell which one just by looking The only way is to apply a special test In this case the infe
30. yone going for the ELISA test for HIV should know about the Window Period This is the time taken for the antibodies to the HIV to form within the human body It varies from 6 to 12 weeks from the date of suspected infection If ELISA or Western Blot are conducted within this period they lose their effectiveness since they detect the presence of antibodies to HIV in the body 6 For details about where to go for STI treatment HIV counselling and testing costs etc call ASKline 24176128 in Kolkata or any helpline in your city Exercise 3 gt Audio Quiz To help understand social Issues around HIV AIDS Materials Required Audio Player Tape this Flipchart Scoreboard Time 60 minutes Step 1 Before the exercise starts e Check that the player is working and the cassette is rewound to the appropriate side according to the language of the session Side A is in Hindi Bengali Side B is in English e Check that the volume is adjusted so everyone can hear e Organise a score board and score keeper Step 2 Create Teams and start the Quiz e Divide the participants into 3 teams Team A B and C e Tell the group We are now going to have a quiz to see how well we understand some social issues around HIV AIDS e Ask the group to listen carefully Play the first skit Put the first question to Team A Tell them to discuss it in their team and then answer If they answer correctly give them 10 points If they answer partially c
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