EB88 User Manual V.2
Contents
1. EBS Development Board User s Manual Indice 1 Introduction 1 2 Overview 2 3 Pin assignment in 16F88 3 4 Bootloader FLASH memory programmer 5 5 Machine cycle in 16F88 5 6 16F88 microcontroller architecture 5 7 Memory organization 6 8 Special Function Registers SFR 6 8 1 PCL y PCLATH registers 8 8 2 Status register 8 9 Digital ports 8 9 1 Leds and microswitches 9 9 2 Relay 9 9 3 Keypad and AUX 10 9 4 LCD header 10 10 Start up 1 11 Technical spec 11 11 1 Specifications 11 11 2 Lay out 12 11 3 Electronic diagram 13 IMPORTANT NOTICE 13 1 Introduction The design philosophy of this module is focused on maximizing the number of functions available to the user at minimal cost EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 EB88 retains compatibility with 16F628 and 16F84 making only minimal changes in the programs With the ability of self programming of 16F88 microcontroller s flash memory the EB88 does not need the ICSP programming hardware which greatly simplifies the electronics and allows through the Bootloader firmware preloaded programming via a serial cable DB9 DB9or any USB DB9 interface using software that runs on the PC We recommend you go directly to Chapter 10 Start Up to get the system running quickly This manual is accompanied by technical specifications as well as diagrams and detailed explanation of each of its interfaces Please call tel 52 55 5653 5801 to clarify any questions about EVOLUPIC Boo2. OwvwrE PORTE Fetch Execute 3 CALL SUB_1 rush Fetch SUB 1 llExecuteSLIB 1 FetchsUB 1 1 4 ESF FPURTA BIr Forced amp Imstruction t2 address SUE FIGURE 5 The 16F88 microcontroller contains the following registers the W register of 8 bits and the PC register program counter which is a 12 bit pointer which points to the next memory location to be read and executed The STACK used for handling instructions CALL RETURN RETFIE RETLW of 8 levels Addresses are stored and retrieved after EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 6 subroutine calls It is important to note that since this is stack of only 8 locations can only be nested up to 8 calls to subroutines or interrupts within the program 7 Memory organization HARVARD architecture allows the use of two separate data buses for program memory and data Program memory is FLASH type capable of up to 10 000 program and erase cycles and has 4096 locations of 14 bits with addresses 000 to Addresses 0 and 4 are used for RESET and interrupt vectors respectively ie after RESET the program counter points to address 0 and after the occurrence of an interrupt which is allowed The program counter will point to the address 4 The data memory 15 8 bit locations including 368 locations in RAM and 256 locations in EEPROM with ability to program and erase up to 10 million times RAM data memory 15 organized into 4 banks Avail
3. 2011 4 Pin RA2 AN2 CVref Vref RA2 INPUT OUTPUT PORT A AN2 INPUT ANALOG 2 Vref OUTPUT VOLTAGE REFERENCE Vref LOW VOLTAJE REFERENCE FOR A D RA3 INPUT OUTPUT PORT A AN3 INPUT ANALOG 3 Vref HIGH VOLTAJE REFERENCE FOR A D Clout OUTPUT OF COMPARADOR ANALOG 1 RA4 INPUT OUTPUT PORT A OUTPUT ES OPEN DRAIN ANA INPUT ANALOG 4 TOCKI INPUT CLOCK TIMER 0 C2out OUTPUT ANALOG COMPARATOR 2 MCLR MASTER RESET RAS INPUT PORT A Vpp PROGRAMMING ICSP RBO INPUT OUTPUT PORT B INT EXTERNAL INTERRUPT CCP1 INPUT CAPTURE MODULE OUTPUT PWM RBI INPUT OUTPUT PORT B SDI INPUT DATA SPI SDA TRANSMITTER DATA I2C RB2 INPUT OUTPUT PORT B 500 OUTPUT DATA SPI RX USART ASYNCRONOUS RCV DATA DT SYNC DETECTION USART MM RB3 PGM CCPI RB3 INPUT OUTPUT PORT B PGM LOW VOLTAJE PROGRAMMING ICSP CCP1 CAPTURE MODULE OUTPUT DE PWM NN RA3 AN3 Vref Clout RA4 TOCKI C2out MCLR 5 RBO INT CCPI RB1 SDI SDA RB2 SDO RX DT 4 5 le NO ON Un RB4 SCK SCL RB4 INPUT OUTPUT PORT B SCK INPUT OUTPUT SYNC FOR SPI 5 55 SCL INPUT SYNC FOR RBS INPUT OUTPUT PORT RB6 ANS PGC TIOSO TICKI Y Y SS SLAVE MODE SELECTOR SPI TX TRASMITTER DATA ASYNCRONOUS USART CK CLOCK SYNC SPI RB6 INPUT OUTPUT PORT B ANS INPUT ANALOG 5 PGC INPUT CLOCK PROGRAMMING ICSP 1 OSCILLATOR TIMER 1 TICKI INPUT EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMER 1 RB7 INPUT OUTPUT
4. 25 milliamps Microswitches digital inputs a total of 4 in Port A Output to relay relay RAS 0910 model contacts 127 V 1 A Departure connector screws Auxiliary Header 6 contacts signals RA4 RA1 available GND and 5 v Can be extended with the keypad connector to make a single header 14 signals expansion Keypad connector 7 signals included in the header 8x Keypad 4 x 4 matrix LCD Connector 14 contacts standard and ready for connecting an LCD or other interfaces Serial Ports USART RS232 compatible with its own port DB9 SSP Synchronous Serial Port AD converters 7 channels 10 bit resolution Additional functions power on reset power up timer watch dog code protection sleep low power Timer event counter 3 timers PWM generator Interrupts interrupt sources external pin RBO INT timer overflow change in the levels of inputs RB7 For the EEPROM write complete The USART Size 9 5 cms x 7 9 cms fiberglass board thru hole Consumption normal lt 2 mA 5V and 4 MHz in SLEEP mode only 15 uA Power Wall transformer 300 ma 6 v or 7 5 v Programmer 16F88 integrated into the card the programming is done from a PC via serial port using the Bootloader firmware Software Development MPLAB which includes editor assembler simulator and compiler Software TINY Programmer of 16F88 flash memory 11 2 LAY OUT FK mm e r77m EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Pu
5. PORT B TIOSCI INPUT OSCILLATOR TIMER 1 PGD INPUT DE DATA PROGRAMMING ISCP AN6 INPUT ANALOG 6 OSC2 INPUT OSCILLATOR CRYSTAL 4 MHZ CLKO IF OSCILLATOR RC EXTERNAL OUTPUT OF FREQUENCY RA6 INPUT OUTPUT BIDIRECTIONAL NO RB7 T1OSI PGD AN6 OSC2 CLKO RA6 OSCI CLKI RA7 OSC2 INPUT OSCILLATOR EXTERNAL CRYSTAL 4 MHZ CLKIN INPUT OSCILADOR EXTERNAL 7 INPUT OUTPUT PORT A ANO INPUT ANALOG 0 ANI INPUT ANALOG 1 EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 17 8 1 4 Bootloader FLASH memory programming EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 EB88 board is based on the ability of self programming the 16F88 The so called Tiny Bootloader is a firmware preloaded at the top of the code memory 16F88 Through the Bootloader and a software called tinybldWin exe it is quick and easy to program the FLASH memory without using an ICSP programmer or additional electronic circuitry Programming is done from the computer via DB9 DB9 serial cable or via a USB Serial interface cable whose driver installer creates a virtual COM port 5 The 16F88 machine cycle The 16F88 can work with an internal oscillator or an external crystal for applications that require accurate time base For EB88 board an external 4 MHz crystal is installed The master oscillator is divided by 4 to form the pulses Q1 Q2 Q3 and 4 the 4 pulses cause a machine cycle The following diagram shows the basic diagram of the clock operati
6. result of an operation or instruction generates a carry a half carry or if it is equal to zero respectively Bit 3 is called POWER DOWN and its value is 1 after an instruction CLRWDT CLEAR WATCH DOG TIMER or after turning on the system POWER UP The value is 0 after executing the SLEEP instruction Bit 4 is called TIMER OUT will have a value of 1 after POWER UP SLEEP CLRWDT or have a value of 0 if the Watch Dog Timer activates Bits 5 and 6 RPO RP1 select the memory bank to be accessed If RPO 0 RP1 0 Bank 0 is selected If RPO 1 Bank 1 RP1 0 RPO 0 RP1 1 bank 2 RPO 1 RP1 1 bank The IRP bit is used for indirect addressing along with the FSR register to select the bank registers IRP 0 select banks 0 and 1 IRP 1 select banks 2 and 3 9 Digital ports 16F88 system has two digital ports port A and B with 8 bit available each Both ports are bidirectional that is can be programmed as input or output according to data address registers called TRISA and TRISB In 88 card signals have been connected with 4 microswitches for port A and 8 outputs LEDS for port and a relay connected to pin RAO The allocation of functions in each of the bits is shown in the table below Please note that each input and output are available in various connectors LCD keypad and AUX on the card so that users can connect external devices PIN IN HEADER 16x FUNCTION __ _ Before you can write and r
7. 8 FLASH memory works immediately displaying a message in LCD if microswitch SWAZ OFF or reading the DS18B20 sensor and showing in the LCD the room temperature if SW4 ON STEP 2 COPY THE CD AND PROGRAM FLASH MEMORY OF 16F88 Insert the support disk in the CD drive of your computer Open the disk and copy the entire folder 88 DEVELOPMENT BOARD to your computer To program the 16F88 FLASH memory please see the following document included in the CD EBSS programming the system with TINY software pdf 11 Technical Information Processor PIC16F88 microcontroller crystal of 4 MHz with low power CMOS technology Architecture Harvard with code memory 14 bits and data 8 bits separated Processing pipeline Technology RISC reduced instruction set computer with 35 instructions in 14 bit word length Memory 4 locations 14 bit FLASH 368 locations 8 bits of RAM 128 locations 8 bit EEPROM Bootloader preloaded firmware capable of self programming Flash memory Cycles to read write up to 10 000 cycles on flash memory and up to 10 000 000 in the EEPROM Digital Ports 5 bit port A port B of 8 bits a total of 13 bit programmable as inputs or outputs Pull up resistors available on port B when programmed as inputs EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 12 LED digital outputs the 8 bit port B connected to LEDS Output Capacity Each output bit can take sink or generate source up to
8. Bh 8Bh 10Bh INTCON 18Bh PIR OCh 8Ch 10Ch 18Ch PR 8Eh 10Eh 18Eh OFh 8Fh 10Fh Reserved 18Fh 10h 90h 110h 190h Hh 12h 92h 13h 93h 14h 94h 15h h 16h 96 17h sm purpose Purpose 18h 98h Register Register 19h 99h 16 Bytes 16 Bytes 9A 9Bh O 9Ch 9Dh 1Eh 9Eh 1Fh 9Fh 19Fh 20h AOh 120h 1A0h General General Purpose Purpose Purpose General Register Register Register Purpose 80 Bytes 80 Bytes 80 Bytes Register EFh 16Fh 1EFh 96 Bytes FOn 170h 1FOh 55 5 accesses accesses 70h 7Fh 70h 7Fh 70h 7Fh FFh 17Fh 8 1 PCL PCLATH registers PCLATH PC Latch register may be modified with MOVWF instructions but its execution does not modifies the upper part of the program counter The PCL register can be accessed by ADDWF and MOVWE instructions His execution directly modify the lower part of the program counter and also load PCLATH register at the upper part of PC and thus induces an immediate jump to another location In short by modifying PCL care should be taken well in advance to initialize PCLATH correctly otherwise the program may make a jump to a location in a page not desired 8 2 Status register STATUS ADDRESS 03H IRP RO TO PD z DC C Bit 7 Bit 0 Bits 0 1 and 2 are the CARRY CARRY HALF AND ZERO are flags that are activated with a value equal to 1 when the
9. able RAM addresses are BANK 0 20H to 7FH 96 bytes Bank 1 AOH to EFH 80 bytes Bank 2 110H to 16FH 96 bytes and BANK 3 190 to 1EF 96 bytes The locations can be accessed with direct or indirect addressing The following diagram shows the two types of architecture used in computers the Harvard architecture and Von Neumann Harvard von Neumann 5 Ly a SE EE H E PLI mE Ly iL J i z 4 g 5 Fr z CL ri FIGURE 6 8 Special Function Registers SFR The so called SFR Special Function Registers allow the programmer to select the various options of the functions of the microcontroller The bank is selected by bits RPO and RP1 of STATUS register Some of the registers are repeated in the banks EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 7 0 Bank 1 2 J Unimplemented data memory locations read as o Not a physical register Note 1 This register is reserved maintain this register clear Bank 3 EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 FIGURE 2 3 PIC16F88 REGISTER FILE MAP File File File File Address Address Address Address 00h 80h Indirect adar 100h 180h 01h 81h 101h 181h PCL 02h 82h 102h 182h STATUS 83h 103h 183h FSR 04h 84h 104h 184h 05h 85h 185 06h 86h 106h 186h eana Jon jasn A jah 19 h ea 189 8Ah 10Ah 18Ah O
10. arked with numbers from 1 to 6 The signals are respectively RA1 RA4 5 volts and GND Please see the diagram below 9 4 LCD 14X CONNECTOR LCD RB2 Intensity control 10DB3 RB3 DATA RB7 SIGNALS USED IN LCD KEYPAD AND AUXILIARY HEADERS 5 V C J RA s RA R7 3 RA3 J4 100 K 4 RAF aV INT L RS AUX RW EN 6 A xs PBO 7 1K PBI s E PB 9 Yi PB3 10 55 PB4 EL 2 L Nu 5 RBS gt J RB3 PBS 7 4 RB6 5 RB4 PB6 E XI 7 L7 LCD KEYPAD EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 11 DISPLAY LCD oooooooo Q B7 LEDS BO pee KEYPAD CONTACTS temperature sensor 1 N e MICRO gt TH SWITCHES 6 c AUX WALL C TRANSFORMER 10 Start STEP 1 REVIEW OF PARTS AND INITIAL TEST Please review the kit includes the following EB88 board wall transformer serial cable or USB Serial interface hex keypad LCD display temperature sensor DS18B20 and support CD To use the support disc you need a computer with Windows XP Vista Windows7 with a CD drive and a DB9 serial port connector or a USB port S1 and S2 must be set to RS232 The 4 microswitches must be set to OFF Insert the LCD display 14 pin connector Position wall transformer switch to 6 0 or 7 5 volts and connect to EB88 The program loaded in 16F8
11. ead ports you must first set which bits are inputs and outputs using the following macros and working with TRISA and TRISB registers EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 STATUS RPO BCF STATUS RPI ENDM BANKI MACRO BSF STATUS RPO BCF STATUS RPI ENDM 9 1 LEDS AND MICROSWITCHES Once initialized the ports as shown information can be written to the LEDs or read from the microswitches considering the electronic charts shown below The aim of the LEDs and microswitches is to give the user the ability to make emulations of digital sensors and outputs for activating actuators All signal ports are available in 14x LCD header connector for connection to external interfaces 5 v 47k RBO RB7 RAI de tbe 4 RA2 Ik RA3 RA4 L3 L10 SWA4 SWI Fr FIGURE 8 DIAGRAM OF LEDS AND MICROSWITCHES 9 2 RELAY By using the RAO bit of port A the processor can activate the relay The nominal data of this relay are 9 volts DC activation coil and contacts 127 VAC 10 Amps This relay can be used as an actuator to activate external devices such as lights valves solenoids motors 5 V L1 CONTACTS FIGURE 9 RELAY CONNECTION EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 10 9 3 KEYPAD AND AUX CONNECTORS The keypad connector has 8 signals marked with numbers from 1 to 8 for RBO RB7 respectively to insert the keypad There is also an auxiliary header with 6 signals m
12. nto Flotante S A 2011 13 11 3 ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM Tile Eveolugac 2010 Humber Shot of l Drren By Raul Rosales IMPORTANT NOTICE THE EB88 SYSTEM HAS A PRELOADED BOOTLOADER FIRMWARE IN FLASH MEMORY 16F88 MICROCONTROLLER HAS A SAFETY MECHANISM TO PREVENT ACCIDENTAL WRITE IN THE AREA FLASH MEMORY WHERE THE ABOVE FIRMWARE IS LOADED THIS MECHANISM IS SIMILAR TO THAT USED PROTECT EEPROM MEMORY CONTENTS HOWEVER EVEN THOUGH IT IS A VERY LOW PROBABILITY EVENT THE SYSTEM MAY BE PERFORMING AN ACCIDENTAL WRITE IN THIS AREA WHICH WOULD MAKE IT NECCESARY TO PROGRAM IN THE 16 88 THE BOOTLOADER ORIGINAL FIRMWARE IN THIS CASE YOU SHOULD USE A ICSP PROGRAMMER NOT INCLUDED WITH THE KIT EB88 INSTRUCTIONS TO DO 5 ARE IN THE FILE 88 programming the system with TINY software pdf EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011
13. on where the main oscillator is divided into 4 cycles for each machine cycle GH 102 153 194 151 102 103 104 lai Q2 Q3 o4 FIGURE 4 6 16F88 PIC microcontroller architecture The PIC16F88 belongs to the type of processors with Harvard architecture ie the data memory and code are separated the microcontroller has the following elements 4K program memory FLASH type electrically erasable programmable 256 bytes of memory EEPROM for parameter storage addresses or passwords depending on the application 368 bytes of RAM port A and B with 8 signals each a total of 16 input and output signals Additionally the microcontroller has 3 timers Thanks to a RISC instruction set Reduced Instruction Set Computer the CPU processes only 35 instructions instructions have a word length of 14 bits and execute in instruction cycle with the exception of statements that modify the contents of the program counter JUMP BRANCH CALL RETURN RETFIE RETLW This scheme is due to the pipeline used in the Harvard architecture allows the processor to perform the FETCH and EXECUTE simultaneously with the exception of jump instructions mentioned The following diagram shows the execution of the example program with a system type pipeline Note that in all clock cycles fetch and execute execute at the same time except TCY4 cycle TEY TC 7 TCY3 TC 4 TC vA MOLA 55h Fetch1 Execute 2 M
14. s to provide evidence for the user 4 microswitches digital signals for testing and emulation of alarms A total of 16 bit programmable as inputs or outputs Relay 127VAC 1A integrated into the card to activate external devices DS18B20 digital temperature sensor integrated into the module Timers 8 16 bits for the generation of delay real time clock or event counters serial port USART for asynchronous communication standard RS232 with DB9 connector output SSP Serial Port SYNCRONOUS synchronous serial port with 2 modes SPI Serial Peripheral Interface Master mode Slave and 12 Integrated Integrated Circuit Slave Mode 1 analog reference voltage output 2 analog comparators 1 capture module digital comparison 1 special outing to generate PWM Pulse wide modulation with 10 bit resolution 7 channel ADC converters with 10 bit resolution 14 pin connector for connection to LCD display 16 x 1 8 pin connector for 16 key matrix keyboard Header Connector 6x auxiliary for connecting to external applications Programmable Watch Dog Circuit to prevent the microcontroller is out of operation EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 3 Brown Out Protection Circuit Reset which generates an automatic reset if detects peaks in the voltage of 5 v mode of operation of low power SLEEP with a virtual consumption of 0 1 ua CODE PROTECTION to avoid possible copy of
15. the firmware of the circuit system interrupts generated from various devices including signals at the ports the timer and the USART writing in the EEPROM EB88 can be activated by an external wall transformer which feeds a 5 volt regulator integrated into the card or can work independently using a standard battery of 9 volts SOFTWARE a CD is provided with the system the MPLAB IDE program executable from a PC with any Windows platform which includes editor macroassembler simulator and C compiler Also included is the Free Open Source software called TINY for programming the 16F88 FLASH memory via its RS232 serial port and a preloaded firmware Bootloader also called TINY Dozens of sample programs for testing or development of peripherals and each of the functions of the system 5 BITS 8 BITS 1 VOLTAGE REFERENCE 7 ADC E POWER ON CHANNELS 5 RESET 256 BYTES 4k CODE B po DATA LOADER MEMORY MEMORY PROGRAMMER 16 88 MICROCONTROLLER BLOCK DIAGRAM 3 Pins assignment in 16F88 RA2 AN2 CVref Vref RA3 AN3 CMP1 Vref RA4 AN4 TOCLKI CMP2 MCLR RAS Vpp L VSS L RBO INT CCPI L RBI SDI SDA DL RB2Z RX SDO DTL RB3 CCPI PGM 9 18 LIRATI ANI JRAO ANO J OSCI CLKIN RA7 JOSC2 CLKOUT RA6 VDD 1 RB7 ANG TIOSI PGD J RB6 ANS TIOSO TICLKI PGC RBS TX SS CK LUI RBA SCK SCL PIC 16F88 EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A
16. tloader 16F88 EB88 You can also send your emails to atencionaclientes puntoflotante net Juan Martinez Punto Flotante SA January 2011 EVOLUPIC Bootloader 16F88 Punto Flotante S A 2011 2 Overview 88 module system was designed for use in a wide range of applications as a kit for training and learning the 16F88 microcontroller or as central module instrumentation equipment robotics applications communications and network access control or incorporated into industrial control or security systems The Lay Out is shown in the figure below DISPLAY LCD E 00000000 8 RELAY LEDS BO CONTACTS KEYPAD temperature sensor 1 N MICRO O T SWITCHES 6 L1 1 WALL TRANSFORMER FIGURE 1 It uses 18 pin version of the 16F88 microcontroller with encapsulated dual in line which contains 4096 bytes of FLASH memory 368 bytes of RAM and 256 bytes of EEPROM y The design makes extensive use of ports and interfaces offered by the microcontroller to offer the user a system with a maximum of available options 16F88 Microcontroller running a 4 MHz external crystal Programmer of FLASH memory via RS232 serial port 4K bytes of FLASH memory 256 bytes of EEPROM 368 bytes of RAM CMOS technology with very low power consumption during normal operation lt 1 milliamperes 5 volts Harvard architecture RISC with a set of only 35 instructions output port 8 bit LEDs connected as witnesse
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