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1. LO Wavelength Range Number of FFT points Minimum RBW Frequency accuracy 14 www tektronix com LO frequency oscilloscope bandwidth instantaneous 1530 to 1600 nm using Option MCS and Option CL C band 1530 to 1567 5 nm C and L band 1530 to 1600 nm 1 million 1 maximum oscilloscope time window 10 pm Datasheet Software requirements Supported platforms for the OM4200 software Computer with nVidia graphics card running US Microsoft Windows 7 64 bit and MATLAB 2011b 64 bit or MATLAB 2014a 64 bit Computer with nVidia graphics card running US Microsoft Windows 7 32 bit and MATLAB 2009a 32 bit The following platforms are supported but may not be able to use certain advanced graphics features such as color grade and 3D Tektronix 70000 Series oscilloscopes running Microsoft Windows 7 64 bit and MATLAB 201 1b 64 bit Computer with non nVidia graphics running US Microsoft Windows 7 64 bit and MATLAB 2011b 64 bit Computer with non nVidia graphics running US Microsoft Windows 7 32 bit and MATLAB 2009a 32 bit Please check with Tektronix when ordering for the most up to date requirements including support for the latest releases of MATLAB software Please contact Tektronix for a price quote or to arrange a demonstration All product descriptions and specifications are subject to change without notice Power requirements Power requirements 100 115 230 V AC 50 to 60 Hz 1 power cable max 100 VA Physic
2. Lett 5 no 3 pp 304 306 1993 6 www tektronix com 3D visualization tools Complex modulation signals are inherently 3D since in phase and quadrature components are being changed vs time The 3D Eye Diagram provides a helpful combination of the Constellation and Eye diagrams into a single 3D diagram This helps to visualize how the complex quantity is changing through the bit period The diagram can be rotated and scaled Also available in 3D is the Poincar Sphere The 3D view is helpful when viewing the polarization state of every symbol The symbols tend to form clusters on the Poincar Sphere which can be revealing to expert users The non normalized Stokes Vectors can also be plotted in this view Analysis Controls The various Analysis Control tabs in the OMA software let you set parameters for the system and relevant measurements AnalysisParameters Matlab 4b Matlab Engine Command ___________ Patt Re Values Seq Patt Re SyncFrameEnd 100 Patt lm Values Seq Patt lm SyncFrameEnd 100 Patt Re Values Seq3 Patt Re SyncFrameEnd 100 Patt lm Values Seg4 Patim SyncFrameEnd 100 Wi Core Processing MATLAB tab SignalSpectrumX LaserPhaseSpectrum amp 4 gt Horiz 5 000E 000 GHz Div Vert 1 000E 001 dB Div 10 dB Div 0 00 Ref Level dBm 5 gt gt GHz Div Time Windows lt Signal Spectrum tab Datasheet Analy
3. THz gt lt gt Cent Freq 34 4 RefdBw 5 Ala dBiDiv Superchannel spectrum Automated measurements Once the superchannel is configured the OMA software can take measurements on each channel without further intervention The software automatically tunes the OM4245 local oscillator takes measurements at that channel re tunes to the next channel and so on until measurements of the entire superchannel have been taken Results of each channel are displayed in real time and persist after all measurements are made for easy comparison Integrated measurement results All of the same measurement results that are made for single channels are also available for individual channels in a superchannel configuration Additionally multi carrier measurement results are available side by side for comparison between channels Visualizations such as eye diagrams constellation diagrams and optical spectrum plots can be viewed a single channel at a time or with all channels superimposed for fast comparison For separating channels in a multi carrier group several different filters can be applied including raised cosine Bessel Butterworth Nyquist and user defined filters These filters can be any order or roll off factor and track the signal frequency www tektronix com 9 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Receiver test The OMA software can take receiver test measurements as specified in the OIF Implementation
4. called a Constellation Diagram poronieauchis Signa When continuous traces are also shown in the complex plane this is often Real Bias Expressed as a percent this says how much the called a Phase Diagram Since the continuous traces can be turned on or constellation is shifted left or right Real In phase bias other than zero is usually a sign that the In phase off we refer to both as the Constellation Diagram a Tributary of the transmitter modulator is not being driven The scatter of the symbol points indicates how close the modulation is to symmetrically at eye center ideal The symbol points spread out due to additive noise transmitter eye Imag Bias Expressed as a percent this says how much the closure or fiber impairments The scatter can be measured by symbol constellation is shifted up or down Imaginary standard deviation error vector magnitude or mask violations Quadrature bias other than zero is usually a sign that the Quadrature Tributary of the transmitter modulator is not being driven symmetrically at eye center Magnitude The mean value of the magnitude of all symbols with units given on the plot This can be used to find the relative sizes of the two Polarization Signals Phase Angle The transmitter Q phase bias It should normally be 90 StdDev by Quadrant The standard deviation of symbol point distance from the mean symbol in units given on the plot This is displayed for BPSK and QPSK EVM T
5. is still possible to measure the polarization States and determine the polarization extinction ratio The software locks on each polarization signal The polarization states of the two signals are displayed on a circular plot representing one face of the Poincar sphere States on the back side are indicated by coloring the marker blue The degree of orthogonality can be visualized by inverting the rear face so that orthogonal signals always appear in the same location with different color So Blue means back side negative value for that component of the Stokes vector X means X tributary O means Y tributary and the Stokes vector is plotted so that left down blue are all negative on the sphere InvertedRearFace Checking this box inverts the rear face of the Poincar sphere display so that two orthogonal polarizations will always be on top of each other nalysis Parameters qq gt x PSphere Poincar Sphere window 8 www tektronix com Impairment measurement and compensation When studying transmission implementations it is important to be able to compensate for the impairments created by long fiber runs or optical components Chromatic Dispersion CD and Polarization Mode Dispersion PMD are two important linear impairments that can be measured or corrected by the OMA software PMD measurement is based on comparison of the received signal to the back to back transmitter signal or to an ideal signal This produc
6. lasers receiver tested over C band OM4245 CL Coupled C and L band lasers receiver calibrated over Cand L band OM4245 EXT Adds external connections for reference laser OM4245 QAM Adds QAM and other software demodulators OM4245 MCS Adds multi carrier superchannel support OM4225 options OM4225 25 GHz Optical Modulation Signal Analyzer requires choice of lasers OM4225 CC C band lasers receiver tested over C band OM4225 CL Coupled C and L band lasers receiver calibrated over Cand L band OM4225 EXT Adds external connections for reference laser OM4225 QAM Adds QAM and other software demodulators OM4225 MCS Adds multi carrier superchannel support OM1106 options OM1106 Optical Modulation Analyzer Software only OM1106 QAM Adds QAM and other software demodulators OM1106 MCS Adds multi carrier superchannel support OM1106 software upgrade options OM11UP QAM OM11UP MCS Power plug options Adds QAM and other software demodulators Adds multi carrier superchannel support Opt A0 North America power plug 115 V 60 Hz Opt A1 Universal Euro power plug 220 V 50 Hz Opt A2 United Kingdom power plug 240 V 50 Hz Opt A3 Australia power plug 240 V 50 Hz Opt A5 Switzerland power plug 220 V 50 Hz Opt A6 Japan power plug 100 V 50 60 Hz Opt A10 China power plug 50 Hz Opt A11 India power plug 50 Hz Opt A12 Brazil power plug 60 Hz www tektronix com 17 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer User manual opt
7. Agreement for Integrated Dual Polarization Intradyne Coherent Receivers These measurements include Symbol rate Operating signal power Local oscillator power Linear output swing adjustment range Maximum gain control bandwidth Total harmonic distortion Common mode rejection Small signal bandwidth Low frequency cutoff Optical reflectance Electrical return loss Skew P N Channel skew Channel skew variation Relevant measurements are a function of wavelength In order to optimize test time you can specify the start and stop wavelengths the step size and a wide range of other parameters The Wavelength Sweep can also produce a calibration file that is used by software to correct for coherent receiver impairments when the receiver is part of a Tektronix Optical Modulation Analyzer system RxTest te Readiness Checks Reference Laser Click to Select Reference Laser A Signal Laser Click to Select Signal Laser Polarization Switch Connected to Scope Connect Multiplier Power Meter SIN P2000034 1 00 Test Parameters Total harmonic distortion A True X Y and Q Skew each Step p elle leis lee 10 www tektronix com Test results are displayed both graphically and numerically based upon the user s preference Some receiver tes
8. BER xo Ge sxe Q plots are a great way to get a handle on your data signal quality Numerous BER measurements vs decision threshold are made on the signal after each data acquisition Plotting BER vs decision threshold shows the noise properties of the signal Gaussian noise will produce a straight line on the Q plot The optimum decision threshold and extrapolated BER are also calculated This gives you two BER values the actual counted errors divided by the number of bits counted as well as the extrapolated BER for use when the BER is too low to measure quickly Measuremen Valys fi olen Yale Elpagrton D9906 PhaseAngle deg E3 3461 5 456 5 754 5 78 Reo kas 0 0335 imag Exo Magnitude 0 5902 EVM 54332 5 252 5 348 5 325 5 536 Constellation diagram Constellation measurements Measurements made on constellation diagrams are available on the fly out panel associated with each graphic window The measurements available for constellations are described below Q plot Constellation measurements 7 Measurement Description Constellation diagrams Elongation The ratio of the Q modulation amplitude to the Once the laser phase and frequency fluctuations are removed the resulting modulation amplitude is a measure of how well balanced electric field can be plotted in the complex plane When only the values at the modulation is for the and Q branches of a particular the symbol centers are plotted this is
9. Const Yconst IQ Imbalance 1 006 1 006 1 006 1 007 1 006 pe Yconst Bias Real 0 07 0 05 0 09 0 06 0 01 Yconst Bias Imag 0 03 0 02 0 01 0 04 0 01 pe YconstPhaseAngle 90 19 90 19 90 18 90 17 90 17 deg f Yconst Magnitude 22 079 22 072 22 097 22 099 22 091 ymw j Yconst EVM Average 15 01 14 09 14 33 14 95 16 16 Yconst Mask Violat 0 5 5 12 3 pe Yconst Symbols Dis 2992 2992 2992 2992 2992 i Yconst Symbol Std 0 074 0 072 0 069 0 070 0 069 ymw X Trans Y Trans Pow Trans XY Measurements PMD Clear Statistics Multi carrier measurements Datasheet User definable superchannels For manufacturers getting a jump on superchannels or researchers investigating alternatives user definable superchannel configurations are a must Option MCS lets you set up as many carriers within the superchannel definition as necessary Each carrier can have an arbitrary center frequency no carrier grid spacing is imposed The carrier center frequencies can be set as absolute values in THz or as relative values in GHz Typically the application software retunes the OM4245 local oscillator for each carrier However in cases where multiple carriers will fit within the oscilloscope bandwidth multiple carriers can be demodulated in software from a common local oscillator frequency This provides the flexibility to specify the preferred local oscillator frequency for each carrier 20 GHz A LA FregDiv 194 0200
10. Measurement Description Overshoot The fractional overshoot of the signal One value is reported for the tributary and for a multilevel QAM signal it is the average of all the overshoots Undershoot The fractional undershoot of the signal overshoot of the negative going transition Risetime The 10 90 rise time of the signal One value is reported for the tributary and for a multilevel QAM signal it is the average of all the rise times Falltime The 90 10 fall time of the signal Skew The time relative to the center of the power eye of the midpoint between the crossing points for a particular tributary Crossing Point The fractional vertical position at the crossing of the rising and falling edges Measurements vs Time In addition to the eye diagram it is often important to view signals versus time For example it is instructive to see what the field values were doing in the vicinity of a bit error All of the plots that display symbol center values will indicate if that symbol errors by coloring the point red assuming that the data is synchronized to the indicated pattern The Measurement vs Time plot is particularly useful to distinguish errors due to noise pattern dependence or pattern errors AnalysisParameters Matlab XvtT 1 Errored symbol red dot in Measurement vs Time plot 3 N S Bergano F W Kerfoot C R Davidson Margin measurements in optical amplifier systems IEEE Phot Tech
11. O E gain imbalance between 0 1 dB land Q Available modulation formats OOK 3 state OOK PM BPSK PM QPSK PM 8 16 32 64 QAM PM Offset QPSK PM 8 PSK 2ASK2PSK and PAM4 Any PRBS or user supplied pattern Contact factory for new modulation formats Control Built in Ethernet interface X Y I Q Connectors 2 4 mm 50 Q output only OM4200 series coherent receiver Optical input C band 1530 to 1567 5 nm C and L band 1530 to 1600 nm Optional Maximum input power Signal input 10 dBm Reference input 16 dBm Maximum input power damage 18 dBm level Electrical bandwidth OM4245 45 GHz OM4225 25 GHz Optical phase angle of IQ mixer 90 1 after correction Skew after correction 1 ps www tektronix com 13 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer External local oscillator input Optical input wavelength range Suggested external local oscillator input power range Maximum input peak power damage level Instantaneous linewidth Local oscillator Wavelength range Output power Minimum wavelength step Minimum frequency step Absolute wavelength accuracy Linewidth short term Sidemode suppression ratio C band 1530 to 1567 5 nm L band 1570 to 1600 nm Optional 7 dBm to 16 dBm 18 dBm lt 5 MHz C band 1527 6 to 1567 5 nm C and L band 1567 5 to 1609 6 nm optional gt 14 5 dBm 10 GHz 100 MHz 10 pm 100 kHz 55 dB High resolution spectrometer Maximum frequency span
12. Tektronix Optical Modulation Analyzer OM4245 OM4225 Datasheet nix O girou Siell ee _ __ _ _ emer The OM4245 Optical Modulation Analyzer OMA is a 45 GHz 1550 nm C and L band fiber optic test system for visualization and measurement of complex modulated signals offering a complete solution to testing both coherent and direct detected transmission systems The OM4245 consists of a polarization and phase diverse receiver and analysis software enabling simultaneous measurement of modulation formats important to advanced fiber communications including polarization multiplexed PM formats such as QPSK 8QAM 16QAM PAM4 and many others The OMA software performs all calibration and processing functions to enable real time burst mode constellation diagram display eye diagram display Poincare sphere and bit error detection Key features Optical modulation analyzer architecture is compatible with both real time and equivalent time oscilloscopes Complete coherent signal analysis system for polarization multiplexed QPSK offset QPSK QAM differential BPSK QPSK and other advanced modulation formats Displays constellation diagrams phase eye diagrams Q factor Q plot spectral plots Poincar Sphere signal vs time laser phase characteristics BER with additional plots and analyses available through the MATLAB interface Measures polarization mode dispersion PMD of a
13. al characteristics Dimension Height 1 96 in 49 8 mm with feet 1 7 in 43 2 mm without feet Width 17 27 in 438 7 mm Depth 20 78 in 527 8 mm not including connectors and rear feet 21 98 in 558 3 mm including connectors and rear feet Weight Net 10 6 Ib 4 8 kg Shipping 17 5 Ib 7 9 kg Environmental characteristics does not include oscilloscope Temperature Operating 10 C 35 C 50 F to 95 F Storage 20 C to 60 C 4 F to 140 F noncondensing humidity Humidity 15 to 80 relative humidity noncondensing CAUTION This device is a Class 1M laser product for use only under the recommended operating conditions and ratings specified in the data sheet Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified in the data sheet may result in hazardous radiation exposure Invisible laser radiation Do not view the laser output from this device directly with optical instruments This device complies with 21CFR1040 10 except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No 50 dated June 24 2007 www tektronix com 15 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Ordering information Models Model Option Description Receiver bandwidth C band lasers L band lasers Wavelength band included included OM4245 CC 45 GHz Optical 45 GHz 2 0 1530 to 1567 5 nm Modulation Analyzer OM4245 CL 45 GHz Optical 45 GHz 1 1 1530 to 1600 nm Modulati
14. algorithms without the need to add any extra hardware make Tektronix AWGs an ideal tool for coherent optical communication research and development The PPG3000 Series can generate patterns up to 32 Gb s and offers 1 2 or 4 channels in a single instrument The patterns can be standard PRBS patterns or user defined Using a 4 channel pattern generator makes creating dual polarization Q waveforms very simple Coherent optical modulation The OM5110 Engineers need instrument grade optical signal sources to test the latest 100G 400G and 1Tb s coherent optical products The Tektronix OM5110 Multi format Optical Transmitter provides the flexibility to modulate all the most common coherent optical formats at rates up to 46 GBaud The OM5110 Multi Format Optical Transmitter is a C and L Band transmitter capable of modulating the most common coherent optical modulation formats such as PM QPSK and PM 16QAM When combined with a signal source such as the AWG70001A Arbitrary Waveform Generator or the PPG3204 32 Gb s Pattern Generator it offers a complete coherent optical test signal generation system For coherent optical transmitter or transceiver manufacturers the OM5110 may be used as a golden reference against which to compare module designs The OM4245 optical modulation analyzer can be used to measure the performance of a transmitter under development and then compared against the OM5110 reference transmitter The flexibility to automatical
15. bol Std Dev O 0886vmwW O0 0886imwW 0 0833 mWw 0 0912imwWw 0 00208VmW Xconst Symbols Displayed 3942 4101 3905 4268 132 Xconst Mask Violations 6 6 6 7 0 19 Xconst EVM Average 8 8 8 6 8 2 8 9 0 23 19 Xconst Magnitude 1 482vmW 1 4395vmW 1 373 mW 1 505vmwW 0 03873vmW 19 Xconst Phase Angle 94 deg 90 deg 85 deg 94 deg 3 2 deg 19 Xconst Bias Imag 0 12 0 12 0 13 0 12 0 0029 19 Xconst Bias Real 0 011 0 011 0 012 0 011 0 00028 19 Xconst IQ Imbalance 0 9946 0 9976 0 9534 1 046 0 02677 19 X I Undershoot 0 79 0 75 0 72 0 79 0 023 19 X I Overshoot 0 86 0 86 0 82 0 9 0 022 19 X I Falltime 45 ps 47 ps 45 ps 49 ps 1 3 ps 19 X I Risetime 49 ps 47 ps 45 ps 50 ps 1 5 ps 19 X I Skew 0 027 ps 0 028 ps 0 027 ps 0 029 ps 0 00082 ps 19 X I Crossing Point 50 50 48 52 14 19 X I Rail 1 Std Dev X I Rail 0 Std Dev O 0873imwW 3 0 0904imwW O0 0863 mwW 0 0945mwW 0 00244 mW 19 O 0838vmwWw O 0868imiW 0 0828imwW 0 0911vmwW 0 00234VmW 19 X I Eye Height 2 04VmW 2 02 mW 1 96VmW 2 11 mW 0 053vmW 19 X I Q Factor 21 dB 21 dB 20 dB 22 dB 0 61 dB 19 X Q Undershoot 0 71 0 73 0 69 0 76 0 021 19 X Q Overshoot 0 85 0 87 0 83 0 91 0 025 19 X Q Falltime 47 ps 47 ps 45 ps 50 ps 1 3 ps 19 X Q Risetime 47 ps 48 ps 45 ps 50 ps 1 3 ps 19 X Q Skew 0 054 ps 0 056 ps 0 054 ps 0 059 ps 0 0014 ps 19 X Q Crassina Point 49 An ARZ RIY 1 19 The Measurements tab a summary of all measurements in one place Make
16. e call 41 52 675 3777 For Further Information Tektronix maintains a comprehensive constantly expanding collection of application notes technical briefs and other resources to help engineers working on the cutting edge of technology Please visit www tektronix com Copyright Tektronix Inc All rights reserved Tektronix products are covered by U S and foreign patents issued and pending Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material Specification and LEX price change privileges reserved TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks of Tektronix Inc All other trade names referenced are the service marks trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies Sy 08 Jul 2015 85W 31044 1 www tektronix com Tektronix S
17. ed One architecture gaining prominence is the superchannel The configurations of superchannels vary considerably Some proposals call for 400G to be achieved by 2 carriers of DP 16QAM Other proposals are for 500 Gb s consisting of 10 or more carriers of DP QPSK Some of these carriers are arranged on a standard ITU carrier grid while others support 12 5 GHz grid less layouts Clearly flexible test tools are needed for such next generation systems Option MCS for the OM4245 or OM4225 offers the complete flexibility to carry out such tests Multicarnier Setup Preset Default Frequency mode Relative Absolute Frequency Prefered Channel TL ia FTU Include THz THz 1 193 40 193 40 Pi 2 193 45 193 45 af 3 133 50 133 50 Pj 4 193 55 193 55 i 5 193 60 193 60 Pi 6 193 72 193 72 Pi 7 193 85 193 85 af o 40939 47 41n9 7 F Multi carrier setup Multicarrier Measurements Measurement Channel i Channel 2 Channel 3 Channel 4 Channel 5 Unit ales x Eye X Q Q Factor 15 473 16 526 14 576 16 350 14 654 dB po X Q Eye Height 31 528 31 555 31 530 31 551 31 574 ymw X Q Rail 0 Std Dev 2 644 2 769 2 691 2 591 2 438 ymw pe X Q Rail 1 Std Dev 2 665 2 765 2 661 2 667 2 753 ymw a X I Q Factor 21 796 20 111 22 668 21 419 22 648 dB j X I Eye Height 28 743 28 504 28 658 28 515 28 661 ymw X I Rail 0 Std Dev 1 239 1 216 1 043 1 281 1 161 ymw i X I Rail 1 Std Dev 1 099 0 901 1 131 1 283 1 040 ymw p Y Eye X Const Y
18. es a direct measure of the PMD instead of estimating based on adaptive filter behavior You can specify the number of PMD orders to calculate Accuracy for 1st order PMD is 1 ps at 10 Gbaud There is no intrinsic limit to the CD compensation algorithm It has been used successfully to compensate for many thousands of ps nm Recording and playback You can record the workspace as a sequence of MAT files using the Record button in the Offline ribbon These files are recorded in a default directory usually the MATLAB working directory unless previously changed You can play back the workspace from a sequence of MAT files by first using the Load button in the Offline Commands section of the Home ribbon Load a sequence by marking the files you want to load using the Ctrl key and marking the filenames with the mouse You can also load a contiguous series using the Shift key and marking the first and last filenames in the series with the mouse Use the Run button in the Offline Commands section of the Home ribbon to cycle through the MAT files you recorded All filtering and processing you have implemented occurs on the recorded files as they are replayed Offline Home Setup Calibrate Loop Offline Data Record Load Run Stop Record Offline Commands Workspace record and playback Multi carrier superchannel support Even as 100G coherent optical systems are being deployed architectures for 400G and beyond are being proposed and develop
19. he RMS distance of each symbol point from the ideal symbol point divided by the magnitude of the ideal symbol expressed as a percent 4 www tektronix com Measurement EVM Tab Description The separate EVM tab shown in the right figure provides the EVM by constellation group The numbers are arranged to correspond to the symbol arrangement This is ideal for setting Transmitter modulator bias For example if the left side groups have higher EVM than the right side adjust the In phase Transmitter modulator bias to drive the negative rail harder Mask Tab The separate Mask tab shown in the right figure provides the number of mask violations by constellation group The numbers are arranged to correspond to the symbol arrangement The mask threshold is set in the Engine window and can be used for pass fail transmitter testing Color features The Color Grade feature provides an infinite persistence plot where the frequency of occurrence of a point on the plot is indicated by its color This mode helps reveal patterns not readily apparent in monochrome Note that the lower constellation groups of the example below have higher EVM than the top groups In most cases this indicates that the quadrature modulator bias was too far toward the positive rail This is not evident from the crossing points which are approximately correct In this case an improperly biased modulator is concealing an improperly biased dr
20. ions Opt LO English manual Service options Opt C3 Calibration Service 3 Years Opt C5 Calibration Service 5 Years Opt R3 Repair Service 3 Years including warranty Opt R5 Repair Service 5 Years including warranty Standard accessories OM4200 series standard accessories OM4200 Series Optical Modulation 071 3414 xx Analyzer Installation and Safety Instructions Power cord Type depends on ordered power cord option RF Cable 2 4 mm to 2 92mm 4 OMCABLE33G8 Ethernet cable 174 6230 xx Patch Cord Fiber 8 Opt EXT 174 6231 xx Programmed HASP key USB 650 564 2 xx Programmed USB Flash Drive 650 5643 xx Software manuals Calibration and warranty Calibration interval 1 year Warranty 1 year Accessories Recommended accessories OMCABLE33G8 2 4 mm to 2 92 mm 8 long 33 GHz OMCABLE45G8 2 4 mm to 2 4 mm 8 long 45 GHz OMCABLE45G14 2 4mm to 2 4 mm 14 long 45 GHz OMDONGLE Replacement OM license dongle requires software license key number OMTRAIN On site training and or installation for OMxxxx products OMADDLSW Additional set of Optical Modulation Analyzer Software requires OM4000 or OM4200 instrument serial number OMINSTALL AMR On site OM series install for the Americas OMINSTALL JPN On site OM series install for Japan OMINSTALL EMEA On site OM series install for Europe Middle East and Africa OMINSTALL APAC On site OM series install for Asia Pacific 18 www tektronix com Datasheet Related
21. iver amp Color Grade Constellation Datasheet Color Grade with fine traces Color Key Constellation Points is a special feature that works when not in Color Grade In this case the symbol color is determined by the value of the previous symbol If the prior symbol was in Quadrant 1 upper right then the current symbol is colored Yellow If the prior symbol was in Quadrant 2 upper left then the current symbol is colored Magenta If the prior symbol was in Quadrant 3 lower left then the current symbol is colored Light Blue Cyan If the prior symbol was in Quadrant 4 lower right then the current symbol is colored Solid Blue This helps reveal pattern dependence The folowing figure shows that pattern dependence is to blame for the poor EVM on the other groups The modulator nonlinearity would normally mask this type of pattern dependence due to RF cable loss but here the improper modulator bias allows that to be transferred to the optical signal Color Key constellation www tektronix com 5 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Eye diagrams Eye diagram plots can be selected for appropriate modulation formats Supported eye formats include Field Eye the real part of the phase trace in the complex plane Power Eye which simulates the eye displayed with a Tektronix oscilloscope optical input and Diff Eye which simulates the eye generated by using a 1 bit delay line interferometer As with the Constellatio
22. ls channel frequency and channel modulation format Test automation acquires complete measurements at each channel Integtrated measurement results allow easy channel to channel comparisons OM4200 series instrument flexibility The OM4000 series instruments were the first in the industry to work with both real time and equivalent time oscilloscopes This unprecedented architecture allows the user to get the benefits of either acquisition format all with a single optical modulation analyzer OMA The OM4200 series continues this flexibility For customers whose analysis requires a high sample rate using the OM4200 with a real time oscilloscope such as the Tektronix DPO70000SX series may be optimal For customers whose analysis requires high vertical resolution such as modulator characterization an equivalent time oscilloscope may be the most beneficial Using a Tektronix oscilloscope solution of sufficient bandwidth provides coherent analysis up to 80 GBaud www tektronix com 1 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer OMA user interface The OMA software has displays for all of the standard coherent optical visualizations such as eye diagrams constellation diagrams Poincar spheres and so on The software also provides a complete measurement suite to numerically report key measurements Constellation measurements include elongation real and imaginary bias magnitude phase angle EVM and others Eye diagram measure
23. ly or manually set all amplifier and modulator bias points provides the user to simulate less than ideal performance of their own device Supported measurements and display tools Datasheet Coherent optical receiver manufacturers can also use the OM5110 as the ideal transmitter with which to test their receiver s performance and prove functionality under best case conditions Then using an instrument such as the AWG70001A Arbitrary Waveform Generator optical impairments can be added to the signal to test the receiver under a wide range of real world scenarios As the demand for network bandwidth has increased new transmission schemes such as multi carrier superchannels are under investigation The OM5110 can function as the heart of a superchannel system Multiple optical carriers can be externally combined and used as the laser source to the OM5110 using the external signal input Tektronix offers external laser sources such as the OM2012 Tuneable Laser Source which can be used to create a superchannel system With such a configuration systems with aggregate data rates such as 400G 1Tb s and beyond can be created Characteristic Description Real time supported Equivalent time feature supported feature Constellation Diagram Constellation diagram accuracy including intradyne and demodulation X X error can be measured by the RMS error of the constellation points divided by the magnitude
24. measurements faster The OMA software is designed to collect data from the oscilloscope and move it into the MATLAB workspace with extreme speed to provide the maximum data refresh rate The data is then processed in MATLAB to extract and display the resulting measurements Take control with tight MATLAB integration Since 100 of the data processing occurs in MATLAB test engineers can easily probe into the processing to understand each step along the way R amp D labs can also take advantage of the tight MATLAB integration by writing their own MATLAB algorithms for new techniques under development Use the optimum algorithm Don t worry about which algorithm to use When you select a signal type in the OMA software for example PM QPSK the application applies the optimal algorithm for that signal type to the acquired data Each signal type has a specially designed signal processing approach optimized for that signal This means that you get results right away Don t get stymied by laser phase noise Signal processing algorithms designed for electrical wireless signals don t always work well with the much noisier sources used for complex optical modulation signals Our robust signal processing methods tolerate enough phase noise to make it possible to test signals that would traditionally be measured by differential or direct detection such as DQPSK www tektronix com 3 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Find the right
25. ments include many key time domain metrics such as eye height overshoot undershoot risetime falltime skew crossing point and so on All numerical measurements also provide Statistics to enable data gathering over longer periods of time reun Matlab ns i I named e 8S Ger PA AMT je AER x y er Gocet OMA software showing color grade graphics options Symbols can also be colored to a key indicating prior state Data shown is 112 Gb s PM QPSK OMA showing several equivalent time measurement plots 2 www tektronix com Interaction between OMA and MATLAB The OMA software takes information about the signal provided by the user together with acquisition data from the oscilloscope and passes them to the MATLAB workspace A series of MATLAB scripts are then called to process the data and produce the resulting field variables The software then retrieves these variables and plots them Automated tests can be accomplished by connecting to the OMA software or by connecting directly to the MATLAB workspace You do not need any familiarity with MATLAB the OMA software can manage all MATLAB interactions However advanced users can access the MATLAB interface internal functions to create user defined demodulators and algorithms or for custom analysis visualization OMA MATLAB OMA e Plot results eyes constellation diagrams Poincare sphere e Write analysis e Clock recovery parameters to MATLAB e Polari
26. mp Once the field variables are calculated they are available for retrieval and display by the OMA software At each step the best algorithms are chosen for the specified data type requiring no user intervention unless desired scope sample rate gt symbol ApplyPhase ApplyPhase center _ i E E ee EstimateClock EstimateSOP EstimatePhase AlignTribs EstimatePhase count bit errors Q factor scope const params record continuous m mal ie a E field ApplyPhase ClockRetime ClockRetime scope sample rate gt N x symbol rate Data flow through the Core Processing engine Get up and running fast with the easy to use OMA interface The OMA software lets you easily configure and display your measurements and also provides software control for third party applications using WCF or NET communication The software can also be controlled from MATLAB or LabVIEW The following image shows a QAM measurement setup The plots can be moved docked or resized within the application work space or into separate windows on the desktop You can display or close plots to show just the information you need O q B oo s s mi a QAM measurements on the OMA software In addition to the numerical measurements provided on individual plots the Measurements tab provides a summary of all numeric measurements including statistics Datasheet Mean Min Max StdDev Xconst Sym
27. n Plot you can right click to choose color options as well CE Eye db Vert 1 2006 00 1y W div Summary dE Eve Hecht Rad Std Dew Radi Std Dew co lt 15 66 dB 2485 01974 02114 15 83 dB 2512 01989 02072 15 87 dB 2495 01994 02022 Field eye diagram Field eye measurements Measurement Description Q dB Computed from 20 x Log10 of the linear decision threshold Q factor of the eye Eye Height The distance from the mean 1 level to the mean 0 level units of plot Rail0 Std Dev The standard deviation of the 0 level as determined from the decision threshold Q factor measurement Rail1 Std Dev The standard deviation of the 1 level as determined from the decision threshold Q factor measurement In the case of multilevel signals the above measurements are listed in the order of the corresponding eye openings in the plot The top row values correspond to the top most eye opening The above functions involving Q factor use the decision threshold method described in the paper by Bergano When the number of bit errors in the measurement interval is small as is often the case the Q factor derived from the bit error rate may not be an accurate measure of the signal quality However the decision threshold Q factor is accurate because it is based on all the signal values not just those that cross a defined boundary Additional measurements available for nonoffset formats
28. of the electric field for each polarization signal Constellation Elongation Ratio of constellation height to width X X Constellation Phase Angle Measure of transmitter IQ phase angle X X Constellation and Q Bias Measure of average symbol position relative to the origin X X Constellation Mask User settable allowed EVM level Symbols violating the mask are X X counted Eye Decision Threshold Q factor The actual Q achieved will depend on the quality of the data signal the X X signal amplitude and the oscilloscope used for digitalization Using the Tektronix DPO73304DX oscilloscope 4 Ch a Q factor of 20 dB is achievable at 40 GBaud Decision Threshold Q plot Displays BER vs decision threshold for each eye opening The Q value X X at optimum decision threshold is the Q factor Signal Spectrum and Laser Spectrum Display of signal electric field vs time in the complex plane FFT of power X signal or laser phase noise MATLAB Window Commands may be entered that execute each time signals are acquired X X and processed Measurements vs Time Pre defined measurement vs time measurements include Optical field X X symbol center values errors and averaged waveforms Any parameter can be plotted vs time using a custom created MATLAB expression 3D Measurements 3D Eye complex field values vs time and 3D Poincar Sphere for X symbol and tributary polarization display Differential Eye Diagram Display Balanced or single ended balanced detection is emula
29. on Analyzer OM4225 CC 25 GHz Optical 25 GHz 2 0 1530 to 1567 5 nm Modulation Analyzer OM4225 CL 25 GHz Optical 25 GHz 1 1 1530 to 1600 nm Modulation Analyzer Recommended configurations Oscilloscope type Receiver model Receiver options Receiver bandwidth Recommended Oscilloscope bandwidth oscilloscope model Real time OM4245 Recommended Opt CC 45 GHz DPS77004SX 70 GHz Opt QAM OMINSTALL OM4225 Recommended Opt CC 25 GHz DPO73304SX 33 GHz Opt QAM OMINSTALL Equivalent time OM4245 Required Opt EXT 45 GHz DSA8300 with Opt 70 GHz Recommended Opt CC ADVTRIG and 2 each Opt QAM OMINSTALL 80E11 OM4225 Required Opt EXT 25 GHz DSA8300 with Opt 70 GHz Recommended Opt CC ADVTRIG and 2 each Opt QAM OMINSTALL 80E11 OM1106 Optical Modulation Analysis Software A stand alone software only tool that can perform all the data acquisition analyses filtering and display of the Tektronix OM series instruments using the customer s polarization diverse coherent receiver This software is included with the OM4225 and OM4245 OM2210 Coherent Receiver calibration source You can use the OM2210 to maintain calibration of Tektronix OMA series hardware or to characterize 3rd party receivers See the Tektronix OM2210 data sheet for more information 16 www tektronix com Datasheet Instrument options OM4245 options OM4245 45 GHz Optical Modulation Signal Analyzer requires choice of lasers OM4245 CC C band
30. products OM5110 46 GBaud Multi Format Optical Transmitter OM2210 Coherent Receiver Calibration Source OM2012 Tunable Laser Source OM1106 Optical Modulation Analysis Software included with the OM4200 series instruments Tektronix is registered to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 by SRI Quality System Registrar www tektronix com 19 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer ASEAN Australasia 65 6356 3900 Austria 00800 2255 4835 Balkans Israel South Africa and other ISE Countries 41 52 675 3777 Belgium 00800 2255 4835 Brazil 55 11 3759 7627 Canada 1 800 833 9200 Central East Europe and the Baltics 41 52 675 3777 Central Europe amp Greece 41 52 675 3777 Denmark 45 80 88 1401 Finland 41 52 675 3777 France 00800 2255 4835 Germany 00800 2255 4835 Hong Kong 400 820 5835 India 000 800 650 1835 Italy 00800 2255 4835 Japan 81 3 6714 3010 Luxembourg 41 52 675 3777 Mexico Central South America amp Caribbean 52 55 56 04 50 90 Middle East Asia and North Africa 41 52 675 3777 The Netherlands 00800 2255 4835 Norway 800 16098 People s Republic of China 400 820 5835 Poland 41 52 675 3777 Portugal 80 08 12370 Republic of Korea 822 6917 5084 822 6917 5080 Russia amp CIS 7 495 6647564 South Africa 41 52 675 3777 Spain 00800 2255 4835 Sweden 00800 2255 4835 Switzerland 00800 2255 4835 Taiwan 886 2 2656 6688 United Kingdom amp Ireland 00800 2255 4835 USA 1 800 833 9200 European toll free number If not accessibl
31. rbitrary order with most polarization multiplexed signals Precise coherent receiver hardware provides minimal variation over temperature and time for a high degree of accuracy and high stability polarization diverse optical field detection Highly linear photo detection allows operation at high local oscillator and signal power levels to eliminate electrical amplification An integrated pair of ECDL tunable lasers for use as a local oscillator and another for self test Both lasers have industry best linewidth and tuning range for any wavelength within the band Optical modulation analyzer software tolerates gt 5 MHz instantaneous signal laser linewidth compatible with standard network tunable sources such as DBR and DFB lasers No laser phase or frequency locking required Smart polarization separation follows signal polarization 1 Certain features may be available only when used with Tektronix oscilloscopes 2 MATLAB is a registered trademark of MathWorks User access to internal functions with a direct MATLAB 2 interface Remote access available through Ethernet Superior user interface offers comprehensive visualization for ease of use combined with the power of MATLAB Optical modulation signal analyzer software included with OM1106 and OM4200 series products Multi carrier software option allows user definable superchannel setup Superchannel configuration allows user to define number of channe
32. sis Parameters tab setting types Parameter Description Frequency Clock recovery is performed in software so only a frequency range of expected clock frequencies is required Signal Type The signal type such as PM QPSK determines the algorithm used to process the data Data Patterns Specifying the known PRBS or user pattern by physical tributary permits error counting constellation orientation and two stage phase estimation You can assign user data patterns in the MATLAB tab The data pattern can be input into MATLAB or found directly through measurement of a high SNR signal Signal spectra An FFT of the corrected electric field vs time can reveal much about the data signal Asymmetric or shifted spectra can indicate excessive laser frequency error Periodicity in the spectrum shows correlation between data tributaries The FFT of the laser phase vs time data can be used to measure laser phase noise signal Spectrum LaserPhaseSpectrumx d F Horiz 1 000E 000 GHz div Vert 1 000E 001 dB Div LaserPhaseSpectrums 10 dB Div 0 00 A Ref Level dB o 1 2 GHz dv Res Bandwidth 25 1584 MHz Laser Phase Spectrum window www tektronix com 7 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Poincare Sphere Polarization data signals typically start out well aligned to the PM fiber axes However once in standard single mode fiber the polarization states will start to drift However it
33. t measurements require the use of the OM2210 Receiver Calibration Source IRR Vfreq PhaseVfreg AmpVfreq 4d gt 7 CO Cee T0 GHz for 1 527 605 nm Coherent optical signal generation Tektronix offers several signal generation instruments capable of generating coherent optical waveforms The AWG70000 Series Arbitrary Waveform Generators AWG and the PPG3000 Series Programmable Pattern Generators offer the flexibility to choose the signal generator best suited to your test requirements The AWG70000 Series can reach sampling rates as high as 50 GS s with 10 bits vertical resolution This level of performance allows for the direct generation of IQ baseband signals required by modern coherent optical communication systems The arbitrary waveform generation capabilities of the AWG70000 Series makes it possible to create multi level signals such as 16QAM or 64QAM add impairments to a signal or create waveforms that are pre compensated for the real world effects of the test system Coherent optical signal generation is one of the more demanding applications for an AWG The requirements in terms of number of channels sampling rate bandwidth record length and timing and synchronization quality can be only met by the highest performance instruments such as the Tektronix AWG70000 series The unique capability of generating ideal or distorted signals and the ease to add new modulation schemes and signal processing
34. ted and displayed X in the Differential Eye Diagram Frequency Offset Frequency offset between signal and reference lasers is displayed in X Measurement panel Poincare Sphere Polarizations of the Pol muxed signal tributaries are tracked and X X displayed on the Poincar Sphere PER is measured www tektronix com 11 OM4245 OM4225 Optical Modulation Analyzer Characteristic Description Real time supported Equivalent time feature supported feature Signal Quality EVM Q factor and mask violations X X Tributary Skew A time offset for each tributary is reported in the Measurement panel X X CD Compensation No intrinsic limit for offline processing FIR based filter to remove CD in X frequency domain based on a given dispersion value PMD Measurement PMD values are displayed in the Measurement panel for Polarization X multiplexed formats with a user specified number of PMD orders Oscilloscope and or Cable Delay Compensation The OMA software corrects cable oscilloscope and receiver skew 0 5 ns through interpolation Additional cable adjustment is available using the oscilloscope Ul Oscilloscope Skew Adjustment Equivalent time oscilloscope skew is adjusted using the Delay feature in 100 the supported sampling head plug ins Calibration Routines Receiver Skew DC Offset and Path Gain Mismatch Hybrid angle and X X state of polarization are factory calibrated Data Export Forma
35. ts MATLAB other formats available through MATLAB or ATE interface X X PNG Raw Data Replay with Different Parameter Movie mode and reprocessing X X Setting Bit Error Ratio Measurements Number of counted bits symbols X X Number or errors detected X X Bit error ratio X X Differential detection errors X X Save acquisition on detected error X X Offline Processing Run software on a separate PC or on the oscilloscope X X Coherent Eye Diagram Shows the In Phase or Quadrature components vs time modulo two bit X X periods Power Eye Diagram Shows the computed power per polarization vs time modulo 2 bit periods X X The OM4200 series is part of a complete coherent optical test system Tektronix is the only test and measurement vendor that can offer a complete coherent optical test system from signal generation to modulation acquisition and analysis 12 www tektronix com Datasheet Specifications All specifications are typical unless noted otherwise Optical modulation analyzer Maximum detectable baud rate OM4245 assuming raised cosine pulse shape where Bandwidth Required 80 GBaud with Tektronix DPS77004SX using 70 GHz inputs Baud Rate 1 Alpha 2 using 60 GBaud with Tektronix DPS77004Sx using 33 GHz inputs an Alpha of 0 1 OM4225 45 GBaud with Tektronix DPO73304SX using 33 GHz inputs Sample Rate 200 GS s with Tektronix DPS77004SX 100 GS s with Tektronix DPO73304SX EVM noise floor 1 8
36. zation workspace estimation e Acquire oscilloscope data e Phase estimation e Report bit errors e Report Q factors e Ambiguity resolution constellation e Write data to MATLAB workspace e 2nd phase estimate parameters e Count bit errors e Calculate constellation parameters Vblock SigType Freq Window etc zXSym zYSym ZX ZY DecTh etc OMA software MATLAB data flow Signal processing approach For real time sampled systems the first step after data acquisition is to recover the clock and retime the data at 1 sample per symbol at the symbol center for the polarization separation and following algorithms shown as upper path in the figure The data is also re sampled at 10X the baud rate user settable to define the traces that interconnect the symbols in the eye diagram or constellation shown as the lower path The clock recovery approach depends on the specified signal type Laser phase is then recovered based on the symbol center samples Once the laser phase is recovered the modulation part of the field is available for alignment to the expected data for each tributary At this point bit errors can be counted by looking for the difference between the actual and expected data after accounting for all possible ambiguities in data polarity The software selects the polarity with the lowest BER Once the actual data is known a second phase estimate can be done to remove errors that may result from a laser phase ju

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