Home

installation instructions - Fabco Plastics Wholesale Limited

1. ay H Collapse Pressure Inches Water This calculated collapse pressure graph with a safety factor of 5 for Type I Grade PVC duct has been experimentally confirmed for D I ratios from 44 170 The 5 1 safety factor is believed to be sufficient for reasonable out of roundness due to storage and handling Use of this graph for lower D I ratios of Type I Grade I PVC pressure pipe should provide collapse pressures of greater than a 5 1 safety factor since out of roundness will be appreciably less due to heavier walls of pipe produced under ASTM standards 1785 and 2241 verage W In Wall Use of minimum wall thicknesses as shown in Fabco s Specification for Duct and the ASTM Standards mentioned above are recommended when utilizing this graph for operating temperatures of 70 75 and below Values of collapse pressures above 407 of water exceed a complete vacuum and should be considered as external collapse pressure Conver sion to PSI collapse pressure can be obtained by multiplying the inches of water by 0361 inches of water to inches of mercury by 07369 t n Lo PLASTICS Pump Data I STANDARDS FOR MEASURING HEADS AND CAPACITY Head is measured in feet pounds per square inch PSI or in inches of mercury However so that a common means of head measurement is understood it is recommended
2. 10 44 i lt LI Lb a i lt lt lt lt lt lt NO4II IN t poses ep 5 8 METALS F E ERATURI x 9 E D lt d m a Zz lt E E Q lt AT MAXIMUM TEMP cc I Lu 9 Lu orc Lu NOLLIV3LLNHONOO CH2 CHOOCH3 I 6i Naphtha CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Methanol Methyl Alcohol CH30H Methoxyethyl Oleate CH3OCH2CH2 OOCC17H33 2 Methyl Acetate CH3CO2CH3 Methyl Acrylate Methyl Ethyl Keytone Methyl Isobutyl Car Monochlorobenzene Monoethanolamine Morpholine aphthalene C10H8 Methyl Acetone C3H60 N Methyl Amine CH3NH2 binol CH3 2CHCH2CH Methol Isobu tyl Keytone CH3 2CHCH2COCH3 Methyl Isopropyl Key tone CH3COCH CH3 2 Methyl Methacrylate H H3 COOH3 Methyl Sulf Methylene Chloride Methylene Iodide Monochloroacetic CH7CICOOH 3 AOTTALSVH ALITTALS IN OC AOTIV ETALS M eee EE EE E ERATURE F STICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMP PLA cc I Lu 0 Lu orc lt Lu I g BEN Pt S LII a 5NO2 cH2no2 Tech Pure 3 Nitrogen Gas N2 8H18 COOH CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Natural Gas Nickel Acetate Ni OOCH3 2 4H20 Nickel Nitrate Ni NO3 2 6H20 NO3 CH2NO3 Nitroglycol Oleic Acid CH3 CH2 7CH CH Olive Oil Oxalic Acid HOOC
3. CPVC is joined by solvent cementing threading or flanging Polypropylene PP Polypropylene homopolymer conforming to ASTM D 4101 Class PP110 B67154 formerly designated Type 1 is a member of the polyolefin family of plastics Although PP has less physical strength than PVC it is chemically resistant to organic solvents as well as acids and alkalies Generally polypropylene should not be used in contact with strong oxidizing acids chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatics Polypropylene has gained wide acceptance where its resistance to sulfur bearing compounds is particularly useful in salt water disposal lines crude oil pip ing and low pressure gas gathering systems Polypropylene has also proved to be an excellent material for laboratory and industrial drainage where mixtures of acids bases and solvents are involved Polypropylene is joined by the thermo seal fusion process threading or flanging PVDF Kynar Polyvinylidene Fluoride PVDF is a strong tough and abrasion resistant fluoro carbon material It resists distortion and retains most of its strength to 280 F It is chemically resistant to most ac ids bases and organic solvents and is ideally suited for handling wet or dry chlorine bromine and other halogens No other solid thermoplastic piping components can approach the combination of strength chemical resistance and working temperatures of PVDF PVDF is joined by the thermo seal fusion process thread ing or
4. the location at which two pieces of pipe or a pipe and a fitting are connected together The joint may be made by an adhesive a solvent cement or a mechanical device such as threads or a ring seal Long term hydrostatic strength the estimated tensile stress in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential orientation hoop stress that when applied continuously will cause failure of the pipe at 100 000 hours 11 43 years These strengths are usually obtained by extrapolation of log log regression equations or plots Molding injection a method of forming plastic objects from a granular or powdered plastics by the fusing of plastic in a chamber with heat and pressure and the forcing part of mass into a cooler chamber where it solidifies Note this method is commonly used to manufacture thermoplastic fittings Outdoor exposure plastic pipe placed in service or stored so that it is not protected from the ele ments of normal weather conditions i e the sun s rays rain air and wind Exposure to industrial and waste gases chemicals engine exhausts etc are not considered normal outdoor exposure Permanence the property of a plastic which describes its resistance to appreciable changes in characteristics with time and environment Plastic a material that contains as an essential ingredient an organic substance of large molecular weight is solid in its finished state and at some stage in its manufacture or in its processing
5. Po m 25 m w z 2 zo w ms x 3 gt Altitude Atmospheric Barometer IX EFFECT OF SPECIFIC GRAVITY The specific gravity of a substance is the ratio of the weight of a given volume to the weight of an equal volume of water at standard conditions A centrifugal pump will always develop the same head in feet no matter what the specific gravity of the liquid pumped how ever the pressure in pounds per square inch will be increased or decreased in direct proportion to the specific gravity The brake horsepower BHP of a pump varies directly with specific gravity If the liquid has a specific gravity other than water 1 0 multiply the BHP for water by the sp gr of liquid handled X VISCOSITY The viscosity of a fluid is the internal friction or resistance to motion of its particles The coefficient of viscosity of a fluid is the measure of its resistance to flow Fluids having a high viscosity are sluggish in flow for example heavy oil or molasses Liquids such as water or gasoline have relatively low viscosity and flow readily Viscosity is a fluid property independent of specific gravity Viscosities vary with temperature as temperature increases viscosity decreases Pressure changes have negligible influence on viscosity There are many types of viscometers and expressed in many terms Commonly used is SSU Seconds Saybolt Universal This is actually the time in seconds re quired for a given quant
6. epruioqioA od 144d 900 ox1oujo1oujoA oq TAYON opixQ oydAod Odd Taq odouioH e 00V oo Ka N U N 1 ayepeyjydoiay ouo 4 941 4 Lad Es uo N punong u opi KurA A od AGAd euog nsA od ouo 4u eudA oq Sdd ouo1AS euorpejng o rnru olv SAV uw 2 1 NoD a en ojyeuoqeoAq od dnoip Mey i uw HB UI QC0 0 1559 18 9q Jsnur rxoidde oq pInous yq qup u Jo d 1 007 ut 0600 01 I snipes osou oy A 1 S Itu spu YOU luru 15 10 9 2115 oq Ao1 spru poo S uru dn oj JUNOU ueo p J ou uru poo S uruj poods Surn Aypoods Sunny A 91315 py poods SUMO A o Aue piS q Ag peeds SUMMO A 9 5118 A o lSue x lSue oyey A ABUL DuL g sue oyey A Sue ooueaeo oyey A o Sue ooueaeo V oyey A ABUL oupipo O 0 suone1od SUUN un lt Z Z um Q lt Z lt d Z i un un Ei Q x A E un S Z i ieanco s PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION SCOPE One of the more important features of industrial thermoplastics is the ease with which they lend themselves to a variety of fabricating techniques This versatility plus the wide selection of piping com ponents now available make possible f
7. Given from other tables Visc 78cSt 120 CP 1 53 Qw 66 usgpm H W 80 ft E W 48 48 Cq 84 Ch 1 00 From above chart Ce 58 Qw x Cq 66 x 84 55 44 Hw x Ch 80 x 1 00 80 0 Ew x Ce 48 x 58 2784 BHPvis 55 44 x 80 0 x 1 53 3960 0 2784 6 16 H P CAPACITY IN GALLONS PER MINUTE at bep WHERE BHPvis Viscous brake horsepower S G Specific Gravity 3960 Constant Qw Capacity pumping water USGPM Cq Capacity correction factor Fig 1 Qvis Viscous Capacity USGPM Cq X Qw Hw Head pumping water ft CH Head correction factor Fig 1 Hvis Viscous head ft Ch X Hw Ew Efficiency pumping Water Ce Efficiency correction factor Fig 1 Evis Viscous Efficiency Ce X Ew BHPvis cq X Qs X Hw X Ch X S G 3960 Ce Evis ABCO PLASTICS 5 c lt abe he A 2 n CAPACITY IN 100 GPM PERFORMANCE CORRECTION CHART lt lt A 3 NV 98999o9eggoono OOO0wnDO0Q mq OIMN m ANV ALIOVdVO ADVLS LSU LIJA NI AVAH SYOLIVA NOILOJNAOO 3 FABCO PLASTICS Conversion Factors PHYSICAL DIMENSIONS VOLUME S CUSTOMARY UNITS S l UNIT OTHER METRIC UNIT uer ee aE lt a fin US gal Imp gal bbl 0 000103 0 0238 0 003785 0 0286 0 004546 0 1780 0 02832 1 0 15897 6 2898 1 0 00630 0 001 CONVERSIO
8. Valves Three WaY 3 7 Valves True Union 3 1 Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 1 9 4 9 5 9 8 9 9 Vertical Closed Top Tanks 7 5 Vertical Pumps 6 7 Verticle Immersible Pumps 6 1 w Wafer Check Valve 3 11 Webster C5 C7 C8 And C10 Centrifugal Pumps 6 3 Webster D Series Immersible Pumps 6 4 Webster In Tank Filtration Systems 6 6 Webster R Series Mag Drive Pumps 6 4 Webster S12 S16 Immersible Pumps 6 2 Webster S Series Immersible Pumps 6 1 Webster S Series Quick Service Pumps 6 2 Wegener Airtherm Hot Air Welding Gun 4 36 Wegener Duratherm Hot Air Welding Gun 4 36 Wegener Exweld Alpha2 EC Extrusion Welder 4 37 Wegener Exweld Beta2 EC Extrusion Welder 4 37 Wegener Exweld Gamma2 EC Extrusion Welder 4 37 Wegener Exweld Mini F Extrusion Welder 4 37 Wegener Spark Testers 4 35 Welding Guns And Accessories 4 31 4 39 Welding Rod 4 13 White PVC Pipe 1 9 Y Y Pattern Valves 3 8 Y Strainers 6 21 Z Zinzer Jumbotherm Welding Gun 4 31 Zinzer Unitherm Welding Gun 4 31 Zinzer Welding Accessories 4 32 FABCO PLASTICS as Conditions of Sale TERMS PRICES All prices shown are subject to change without notice and should be confirmed with FABCO These prices do not constitute an offer to sell All are based on standard domestic packaging and do not include special overseas packaging or other requirements Dealer Contractor and OEM discounts for volume orders are available for most product lines PLACING ORDERS To expedit
9. do not melt sufficiently reverse the previously discussed corrective procedures Do not apply too much pressure to the rod because this will tend to stretch the weld bead causing it to crack and separate after cooling ieanco PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 12 Always unplug the electrical connection to the heating ele ment and allow the welding gun to cool before shutting off the gas or air supply to the gun WELDING PRINCIPLES The procedures for making good thermoplastic welds can be summarized into four basic essentials 1 Correct Heating Excessive heating will char or overmelt Insufficient heating will result in incomplete melting 2 Correct Pressure Excessive pressure can result in stress cracking when the weld cools Insufficient pressure will result in incomplete fusion of the rod material with the base mate rial Correct angle Incorrect rod angle during welding will stretch the rod and the finished weld will crack upon cooling Correct speed Excessive welding speed will stretch the weld bead and the finished weld will crack upon cooling Rod Size and Weld Passes Filler rod size and the number of weld passes required to make a good plastic weld are dependent upon the size of the pipe to be welded as presented below Do not use filler rod larger than 1 8 in diameter when welding with CPVC Also when welding CPVC the number of passes for pipe sizes 1 through 2 should be in crease
10. e o Te s poe porc sa o o o o ar pec om om se Eos se one Lo 2 s pes pos oec Dom D Ee a m Le pon se se oss m o D 1m rs 2e ee se se or Ee e poc Ee p E D Fim pes Pom pue ree n 216 20 D DD Fu poe Eo e D Ee am por D Temperature change T from installation to the greater of maxi mum or minimum limits To determine the expansion or contraction for pipe of a material other than PVC multiply the change in length given for PVC in the table above by 1 2667 for the change in CPVC by 1 6667 for the change in PP or by 2 6333 for the change in PVDF Calculating Stress If movement resulting from thermal changes is restricted by the piping support system or the equipment to which it is attached the resultant forces may damage the attached equipment or the pipe it self Therefore pipes should always be anchored independently at those attachments If the piping system is rigidly held or restricted at both ends when no compensation has been made for thermally induced growth or shrinkage of the pipe the resultant stress can be calculated with the following formula S EC T1 T2 S Stress psi E Modulus of Elasticity psi See table below for specific values at various temperatures C Coefficient of Expansion in in F x 105 see physical property chart on page 2 for values 1 2 Temperature change F between the installation temperatu
11. power is transmitted from motor to pump impeller by magnetic force SELF PRIMING Refers to pumps that draw liquid up from below pump inlet suction lift as opposed to pumps requiring flooded suc tion SPECIFIC GRAVITY The ratio of the weight of a given volume of liquid to the same volume of pure water Pumping heavier liquids specific gravity greater than 1 0 will require more drive horse power STATIC DISCHARGE HEAD Maximum vertical distance in feet from pump to point of discharge with no flow STRAINER A device installed in the inlet of a pump to prevent foreign particles from damaging the internal parts SUMP A well or pit in which liquids collect below floor level sometimes refers to an oil or water reservoir TOTAL HEAD Sum of discharge head suction lift and friction loss VISCOSITY The thickness of a liquid or its ability to flow Most liquids decrease in viscosity and flow more easily as they get warmer Impeller Discharge Volute body 3 PABCO PLASTICS CORRECTION FACTORS PUMP DATA ped vl gt o Q T2 d gt t ae TL GC CL LIAB CENTISTOKES gt gt HEAD IN FEET 3 o je am a lt pz E X E ad E er VISCOSITY CORRECTION CHART Example Viscosity Determine BHPvis when pumping 66 usgpm at 80 ft of 5096 NaOH with a pump at 48 Eff with water S G 1 53
12. t n Lo PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS DIMENSIONS Bolt circle and number of bolt holes for the flanges are the same as Class 150 metal flanges per ANSI B16 5 Threads are tapered iron pipe size threads per ANSI B1 20 1 The socket dimensions conform to ASTM D 2467 which describes 1 2 through 8 sizes and ASTM D439 for Schedule 80 CPVC which gives dimensional data for 1 2 through 6 Internal Fabco specifications have been established for the 10 and 12 PVC patterns and 8 CPVC design as well as socket designs for polypropylene and PVDF PRESSURE RATING As with all other thermoplastic piping components the maximum non shock operating pressure is a function of temperature Maximum pressure rating for FABCO valves unions and flanges is 150 psi Above 100 F refer to the TEMPERATURE CORREC TION FACTOR CHART HEREIN SEALING The faces of flanges are tapered back away from the orifice area at a 1 2 to 1 degree pitch so that when the bolts are tightened the faces will be pulled together generating a force in the water way area to improve sealing INSTALLATION TIPS Once a flange is joined to pipe the method for joining two flanges together is as follows 1 Make sure that all the bolt holes of the mating flanges match up It is not advisable to twist the flange and pipe to achieve this Use flat washers under bolt heads and nuts Insert all bolts Lubricate bolts Make sure that
13. A A A 70 w S PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART CHEMICALS AND FORMULA NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER BRONZE 85 Cu SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NI IRON NI PLATED DUCTILE Sodium Benzoate E CONCENTRATION TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON So Na2B40710H20 Sodium Bromide NaBr Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3 Sodium Chlorate NaClO3 Sodium Hydroxide NaOH Caustic Soda LLL ILL LL LLLI 1 11 l HASTELIOY C Sodium Metaphosphate NaPO3 n z a _ lt m Perborate NaBO23H20 Sodium Perchlorate NaCIO4 10 50 X4 PABCO PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART KUTIN CHEMICALS AND FORMULA CONCENTRATION TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM BRONZE 85 Cu SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NI IRON o Ee pepe pepe pL TEES 350 200 Sodium Phosphate z H E e NI PLATED DUCTILE 400 SERIES S S ALLOY 20 l STELLITE Wa seres L ISL L L L EVES cee iu Sodium Thiosulphate Na282035H20 seen Pressure seems 3 CH2 16COOH ssec Succinic Acid 2H CH2 2CO2H Sugar C6H1206 a Sulfamic Acid HSO3NH2 sms sawcuwase2 senses x sees s m T n sss L LL TEES IST T 10 51 iean
14. All burrs chips filing etc should be removed from both the pipe I D and O D before joining Use a knife deburring tool or half round coarse file to remove all burrs All pipe ends should be beveled to approximately the dimensions shown below for ease of socketing and to minimize the chances of wiping melt material from the I D of the fitting as the pipe is socketed The beveling can be done with a coarse file or a beveling tool 1 16 to 3 32 lt 10 y 3 Cleaning Using a clean dry cotton rag wipe away all loose dirt and mois ture from the I D and O D of the pipe end and the 1 D of the fitting DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SOCKET FUSE WET SURFACES X4 PABCO PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 4 Joint Sizing In order to provide excess material for fusion bonding polypropyl ene and PVDF components are manufactured to socket dimensions in which the socket I D is smaller than the pipe O D Therefore it should not be possible to easily slip the pipe into the fitting socket past the initial socket entrance depth and in no case should it ever be possible to bottom the pipe in the socket prior to fusion Before making socket fusion joints fittings should be checked for proper socket dimensional tolerances based on the above discus sion by attempting to insert the pipe into the fitting socket Ifa fitting socket appears to be oversize it should not be used 5 Planning Construction Socket fusion join
15. CEMENT Immediately after joining and before joint is set gently place it back onto a level surface wipe off all excess cement from the circumference of the pipe and fitting JOINT INTEGRITY PVC and CPVC piping joint integrity depends greatly upon fol lowing exactly and by intent Fabco s specific handling inspection storage shipping fabrication installation testing and operating instructions Joint integrity also depends greatly upon an infi nitely wide unpredictable and uncontrollable set of product and environmental conditions that go into determining the length of joint drying times before it may be moved handled low high or working pressure tested These conditions include size of pipe surface temperature of the joint dry joint interference fit and rela tive humidity Drying times will be faster with smaller pipe higher surface temperatures tighter interference fits and lower relative hu midity Drying times will be slower when conditions are reversed Because of these almost infinite and completely unpredictable variety of drying conditions that can exist from job to job and from time to time FABCO only specifically recommends for its PVC and CPVC products the below solvent welding joining tempera tures and joint drying times 1 The actual joining should not be done in atmospheric tem peratures below 40 F or above 90 F when exposed to direct sunlight FABCO recommends that 72 hours of joint drying time should ela
16. Jelly Vegetable Oil Vinegar Vinyl Acetate CH3COOCH CH2 Water Acid Mine H2O Water Deionized H20 EI E Water Distilled H2O Water Potable H2O Water Salt H2O Water Sea H2O EI E Water Soft H2O EI E x a al a E 5 95 9 Water Waste 2 Whiskey White Liquor Wine Xylene Xylol C6HA CH3 2 Zinc Acetate Zn C2H302 22H20 Zinc Carbonate ZnCO3 Zinc Chloride ZnCI2 Zinc Nitrate Zn NO3 26H20 E g Ea s To the best of our knowledge the information contained herein is accurate However neither Fabco nor any of its affiliates assumes any liability in whatsoever for the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein Final determination of the suitability of any information or material for the use contemplated the manner of use andwhether there is any infringement of patents 1s the sole responsibility of the user 3 PABCO PLASTICS Glossary of Terms Adhesive a substance capable of holding materials together by surface attachment Adhesive solvent an adhesive having a volatile organic liquid as a vehicle See Solvent Cement Aging 1 The effect on materials of exposure to an environment for an interval of time 2 The process of exposing materials to an environment for an interval of time Antioxidant a compounding ingredient added to a plastic composition to retard possible degrada tion from contact with oxygen air particularly in processing o
17. PIPE SNAKING 4 PIPE t LOOP LENGTH CENTERLINE 2 LOOP LENGTHS Loop Offset In Inches For Contraction Maximum Temperature Variation F Between Time of Solvent Welding and Final Use LIGHT TRAFFIC HEAVY TRAFFIC PIPE SIZE GROUND COVER GROUND COVER TRENCH WIDTH MINIMUM MINIMUM Snaking is particularly necessary on the lengths that have been solvent welded during the late afternoon of a hot summer s day because their drying time will extend through the cool of the night when thermal contraction of the pipe could stress the joints to the ieanco PLASTICS point of pull out This snaking is also especially necessary with pipe that is layed in its trench necessitating wider trenches than recommended and if back filled with cool earth before the joints are thoroughly dry BENDING OF PLASTIC PIPE Whenever a change of direction is required in a pipeline it is best accomplished using straight lengths of pipe and factory made fit tings Bending of pipe leaves residual stresses and consequently bending is not recommended as a normal practice particularly if the line is intended to operate at or near maximum temperatures and or pressure If field bending is required to meet special conditions the following techniques should be employed to give the best results 1 Heating Media The heating media may be hot air in a circu lating oven operating at approximately 360 F The heating media may also be radiant hea
18. Thread cutting dies should be clean sharp and in good condition and should not be used to cut materials other than plastics Dies with a 5 negative front rake are recommended when using power threading equipment and dies with a 5 to 10 negative front rake are recommended when cutting threads by hand Threading and Joining 1 Hold pipe firmly in a pipe vise Protect the pipe at the point of grip by inserting a rubber sheet or other material between the pipe and vise PLASTICS PIPE AND FITTING THREADS AMERICAN STANDARD TAPER PIPE THREAD NPT excerpt from ANSI B1 20 1 NOTE Special dies for threading plastic pipe are available When cutting threads with power threading equipment self opening die heads and a slight chamfer to lead the dies will speed production Wrench Pitch Diameter Pitch Number of Normal Normal Makeup Total Length at Beginning of Diameter Height Outside Threads Pitch of Engagement Engagement Length For End of Pipe External at Beginning of of Thread Nominal Diameter Per Inch Thread By Hand By Hand Internal Thread to Vanish Point Thread Max Size p L3 Omn mn S C 21 2 2 8 250 E 1 1375 2500 1 5712 2 71953 2 76216 3 3 s as 276 1 2000 2500 1 6337 3 34062 3 38850 x 4 4 s amo aa 1300 2500 1 7337 4 33438 4 38712 A tapered plug must be inserted in the end of the pipe to be threaded This plus provides additional support and prevents distort
19. be done early in the morning dur ing hot weather when the line is fully contracted and there is no chance of insufficiently dried joints being subject to contraction stresses The pipe should be uniformly and continuously supported over its entire length on firm stable material Blocking should not be used to change pipe grade or to intermittently support pipe across exca vated sections Pipe is installed in a wide range of sub soils These soils should not only be stable but applied in such a manner so as to physically shield the pipe from damage Attention should be given to local pipe laying experience which may indicate particular pipe bedding problems Backfill materials free of rocks with a particle size of 1 2 or less should be used to surround the pipe with 6 to 8 of cover It should be placed in layers Each soil layer should be sufficiently compacted to uniformly develop lateral passive soil forces during the backfill operation It may be advisable to have the pipe under pressure 15 to 25 psi during the backfilling Effects of ground freezing should be considered when pipe is installed at depths subject to frost penetration Vibratory methods are preferred when compacting sand or gravels Best results are obtained when the soils are in a nearly saturated condition Where water flooding is used the initial backfill should be sufficient to insure complete coverage of the pipe Additional material should not be added un
20. clean dry cotton rag wipe away all loose dirt and moisture from the I D and O D of the pipe end and the I D of the fitting DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SOLVENT WELD WET SURFACES DANGER Solvent cements and primer are extremely flammable and vapor harmful Keep away from heat sparks and open flame Use only with adequate ventilation Harmful if swallowed Avoid prolonged breathing of vapor Avoid contact with eyes skin and clothing Causes eye irritation Repeated or prolonged skin contact causes skin irritation Close container after each use FIRST AID In case of skin contact flush with water for eyes flush with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention Wash contaminated clothing before reuse If swallowed DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING call a Physician immediately 3 PABCO PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS PRIMING The function of purple primer is to penetrate and soften the bonding Natural bristle brushes should always be specified It is recognized surfaces of PVC and CPVC pipe and fittings It is a product that that the recommended brush width may not always be readily penetrates rapidly It is very effective on the hard finished high available However the selection should come as close as possible gloss products now being produced Priming is a 3 step process as to the recommended width in order to ensure complete coverage follows with a minimum number of brush strokes 1 Using a natural bristle brush ab
21. closing time will eliminate the possibility of someone inadvertently slamming a valve open or closed too quickly With air to air and air to spring actuators it will probably be necessary to place a flow control valve in the air line to slow down the valve operation cycle particularly on valve sizes greater than 1 1 2 If possible when starting a pump partially close the valve in the discharge line to minimize the volume of liquid that is rap idly accelerating through the system Once the pump is up to speed and the line completely full the valve may be opened FABCO PLASTICS as Engineering Data A check valve installed near a pump in the discharge line will keep the line full and help prevent excessive hydraulic shock during pump start up Before initial start up the discharge line should be vented of all air Air trapped in the piping will substantially reduce the capability of plastic pipe withstanding shock loading Shock Surge Wave Providing all air is removed from an affected system a formula based on theory may closely predict hydraulic shock effect Where p maximum surge pressure psi v fluid velocity in feet per second C 7 surge wave constant for water at 73 F SG specific gravity of liquid if SG is 1 then p vC EXAMPLE A 2 PVC Schedule 80 pipe carries a fluid with a specific gravity of 1 2 at a rate of 30 gpm and at a line pressure of 160 psi What would the surge pressure be if a val
22. conditions Further these estimates should in no way be used to restrict the liberal ce ment application instructions recommended for the pipe PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Number of Joints Per PIPE SIZE PINT QUART GALLON xm 640 560 Each joint represents one socket in a fitting THERMO SEALING Socket Fusion INSTRUCTIONS FOR POLYPROPYLENE AND PVDF PRESSURE PIPING SYSTEMS SCOPE The socket fusion joining method which is detailed herein applies to all FABCO polypropylene and PVDF pressure piping systems including molded socket fittings and socket type valve connec tions This procedure involves the application of regulated heat uniformly and simultaneously to pipe and fitting mating surfaces so that controlled melting occurs at these surfaces All recommendations and instructions presented herein for socket fusion are based upon the use of a Thermo Seal fusion tool for ap plying uniform heat to pipe and fittings Joining Equipment and Materials Cutting tools Cotton rags Deburring tool Thermo Seal tool Electric Model NA with 1 2 2 tool pieces or Electric Model NB with 1 2 4 tool pieces Vise TYPES OF JOINING TOOLS ELECTRIC MODEL tools are available for making socket fusion joints They are the preferred socket fusion tools because the ther mostatically controlled heat source automatically maintains fusion temperatures within the recommended
23. flanging FRP FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTICS commonly manu factured by hand lay up HLU in accordance with CGSB 41 GP 22 in Canada and NBS PS 15 69 in the United States Also manufactured according to ASTM D 3299 for machine made Filament Wound FW construction FRP constructions are on a custom designed basis allowing the designer to select many dif ferent resin systems and laminate constructions As an engineered system FRP generally displays higher physical properties than thermoplastics with a wide chemical and temperature resistance Joining methods are by Flanging Butt and Strap joined or bell and spigot connection ARMOURPLASTICS These plastics commonly referred to as thermoplastic lined FRP such as PVC CPVC PP PVDF FEP ECTFE chemically or mechanically bonded to an FRP structural overlay This custom engineered system offers the unique properties of the thermoplas tic liner with the superior physical properties of the FRP Joining methods include Flanging Fusion and Solvent Cementing of the LINER and OVERLAYING WITH FRP FPM Viton or Florel Fluoroelastomer FPM is inherently compatible with a broad spectrum of chemicals Because of extensive chemical compat ibility which spans considerable concentration and temperature ranges fluorocarbons have gained wide acceptance as a material of construction for butterfly valve O rings and seats Fluorocar bons can be used in most applications involving mineral acids
24. in these situ ations are graphically presented below In each case rigid supports or restraints should not be placed on a flexible leg of an expansion loop offset or bend RECOMMENDED RECOMMENDED I d An expansion loop which is fabricated with 90 elbows and straight pipe as depicted in Fig 2 is simply a double offset de signed into an otherwise straight run of pipe The length for each of the two loop legs R required to accommodate the expected expansion and contraction in the pipe run L may be determined by modification of the SINGLE OFFSET FORMULA to produce a LOOP FORMULA as shown below 2 041N D L LOOP FORMULA EXAMPLE 4 How long should the expansion loop legs be in order to compen sate for the expansion in Example 1 from the previous page 2 041N 3 500 x 3 24 6 87 ft Minimum Cold Bending Radius The formulae above for Single Offset and Loop bends of pipe which are designed to accommodate expansion or contraction in the pipe are derived from the fundamental equation for a cantile vered beam in this case a pipe fixed at one end A formula can be derived from the same equation for calculating the minimum cold bending radius for any thermoplastic pipe diameter Minimum Cold Bend Radius Rp Do 0 6999 E Sp 0 5 Where Rp Minimum Cold Bend Radius in DO Outside Pipe Diameter in E Modulus of Elasticity Maximum Operating Temperature psi Sp Maximum Allowable Bending St
25. into finished articles can be shaped by flow Plastics pipe a hollow cylinder of plastic material in which the wall thicknesses are usually small when compared to the diameter and in which the inside and outside walls are essentially concentric See plastics tubing Plastics tubing a particular size of plastics pipe in which the outside diameter is essentially the same as that of copper tubing See plastics pipe Polypropylene plastics plastics based on polymers made with propylene as essentially the sole monomer Poly vinyl chloride a resin prepared by the polymerization of vinyl chloride with or without the addition of small amounts of other monomers Poly vinyl chloride plastics plastics made by combining poly vinyl chloride with colorants fillers plasticizers stabilizers lubricants other polymers and other compounding ingredients Not all of these modifiers are used in pipe compounds Pressure when expressed with reference to pipe the force per unit area exerted by the medium in the pipe Pressure rating the estimated maximum pressure that the medium in the pipe can exert continu ously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur Primer strong organic solvent preferably tetrahydrofuran used to dissolve and soften the joint sur faces in preparation for and prior to the application of solvent cement Primer is usually tinted purple Quick burst the internal pressure
26. mate rial SOLVENT CEMENT WELDING Cementing is a convenient technique for bonding PVC and CPVC High Temp stock Surfaces to be cemented must be clean and dry They should be cut square and smooth and wiped clean of dirt grease etc with a small amount of Fabco Pipe Cleaner When solvent cementing it is important to have close clearances between the surfaces to be joined Solvent cement should be ap plied with an ordinary small paint brush to each member Do not use synthetic hair brushes Then the cemented surfaces should immediately be pushed snugly together After the cemented joint has been pressed together the initial set takes place within several minutes Handling strength however is not developed for approximately 30 minutes Relative motion between the cemented surfaces during the initial set period is undesirable It is good practice to apply no more than 10 of the rated stress for four hours Full strength of the joint is developed after about 48 hours FLANGING One of the earliest methods of joining thermoplastics piping flanging continues to be used extensively for process lines Thermoplastic flanges and flanged fittings are available in a full size range and may be attached to pipe by solvent welding by threading or by thermal bonding as required by the particular thermoplastics material MACHINING CUTTING AND SAWING Thermoplastics may be turned threaded grooved milled or polished to very close
27. multiple pass welds the starting points for each bead should be staggered and ample time must be allowed for each weld pass to cool before pro ceeding with additional welds Advance the filler rod forward by applying a slight pressure to the rod Simultaneously applying even heat to the surfaces of both the filler rod and base material by moving the torch with a fanning or arcing motion at a rate of about 2 cycles per second The hot gas should be played equally on the rod and base material along the weld line for a distance of about 1 4 inch from the weld point 11 Properly applied plastic welds can be recognized by the presence of small flow lines or waves on both sides of the deposited bead This indicates that sufficient heat was applied to the surfaces of the rod and base materials to effect adequate melting and that sufficient pressure was applied to the rod to force the rod melt to fuse with base material melt If insuf ficient heat is used when welding PVC CPVC or PVDF the filler rod will appear in its original form and can easily be pulled away from the base material Excessive heat will result in a brown or black discoloration of the weld In the case of polypropylene excessive heat will result in a flat bead with oversized flow lines IMPORTANT If charring of the base or rod material occurs move the tip of the torch back slightly increase the fanning fre quency or increase the gas flow rate If the rod or base materials
28. pipe cools and becomes rigid enough to be handled without deforming It should then be immediately immersed in water to complete the cooling process The sand or spring should not be removed until final cooling is completed When plastic pipe is heated and then bent it will shrink with the degree of shrinkage depending on the size of the pipe and the radius of the bend Therefore the pipe should be cut to lengths slightly greater than the total length of the bend and the tangents A straight section of at least two pipe diameters should be left at either side of the bend to insure a round low stress section with which to make joints Highly crystalline thermoplastics such as PVDF should never be formed in this way due to the potential detrimental effect of the process on the molecular structure and properties of the material The above discussion covers only the basics involved with bending plastic pipe Experience and some trial and error will be required to develop an expertise in bending pipe Contact FABCO with further questions CLEANING Even though care should be exercised at all times to prevent the entry of dirt water and other foreign material into the PVC or CPVC pipe and fittings it is advisable that the pipeline be thor oughly cleaned before working pressure is applied TESTING See section titled Solvent Welding Instructions for PVC and CPVC Pressure Pipe Systems BACKFILLING Ideally backfilling should only
29. required to burst a pipe or fitting due to an internal pressure build up usually within 60 to 90 seconds Schedule a pipe size system outside diameters and wall thicknesses originated by the iron pipe industry Self extinguishing the ability of a plastic to resist burning when the source of heat or flame that ignited it is removed Service factor a factor which is used to reduce a strength value to obtain an engineering design stress The factory may vary depending on the service conditions the hazard the length of service desired and the properties of the pipe Solvent cement in the plastic piping field a solvent adhesive that contains a solvent that dissolves or softens the surfaces being bonded so that the bonded assembly becomes essentially one piece of the same type of plastic Solvent cementing making a pipe joint with a solvent cement See Solvent Cement Stress when expressed with reference to pipe the force per unit area in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential orientation due to internal hydrostatic pressure Sustained pressure test a constant internal pressure test for 100 hours Thermoplastic a plastic which is thermoplastic in behavior Capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature and hardened by decrease of temperature Vinyl Chloride Plastics plastics based on resins made by the polymerization of vinyl chloride or copolymerization of vinyl chloride with other unsatu
30. should also be deducted NPSH does not indicate the priming capabilities of self priming cen trifugal pumps This capability is shown generally on engine driven pumps by respective break off lines representing 10 15 20 25 static suction lifts V USEFUL FACTORS OR FORMULAS a Feet head x 433 PSI pounds per square inch b PSI water x 2 31 Ft Head c Specific gravity of water sp gr 1 0 d PSI water x 2 31 sp gr Ft Head e Weight of one U S gallon of water 8 33 pounds f One cubit foot cu ft of water contains 7 48 gallons g GPM Gallons Per Minute h Imperial gallon x 1 2 U S gallon U S GPM x 833 Imp GPM 1 TDH Total Head or total dynamic head J WHP Water Horsepower k BHP Brake Horsepower I EFF Pump Efficiency m WHP Ft Head x GPM 3960 n BHP WHP EFF or BHP Ft Head x GPM 3960 x EFF Pump EFF WHP BHP x 100 p For liquids having different specific gravity other than 1 0 WHP Ft Head x GPM x sp gr 3960 BPH Ft Head x GPM x sp gr 3960 x EFF BHP for liquids other than water BHP for water x sp gr VI EFFECT ON CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS ON CHANGE OF SPEED OR CHANGE OF IMPELLER DIAMETER Three rules govern the operation of centrifugal pumps a Capacity varies directly with changes of speed or of the impeller diameter GPM GPM gt RPM RPM or GPM GPM Dia Dia GPM GPMj RPM xRPM and GPM gt GPM Dia xDi
31. specific recommenda tions Use proper type of solvent cement for the job Apply the cement while the primer is still wet Follow the instructions completely Don t Attempt to solvent weld under the following conditions 1 If it is raining 2 If atmospheric temperature is below 40 F 3 If under direct exposure to sun at atmospheric temperatures above 90 F Discard empty cans of solvent primer or rags in trench or near piping Concentrated fumes or dripping cement or primer can cause piping failure HOT WEATHER CEMENTING Since cement contains a solvent certain precautions or steps should be taken when the atmospheric temperature is above 90 F to avoid excessive evaporation of the solvent from the cement 10 10 prematurely set before joining thus adversely affecting the joint integrity Use one or a combination of the below to reduce the chances of this condition occurring 1 Shade or shelter the joint surfaces from direct exposure to the sun s rays for at least one hour prior to joining and during the joining process Make cement joints during early morning hours Apply cement quickly On 6 and larger pipe it is recom mended that two men apply cement to pipe surface while the third applies it to the fitting socket Join pipe to fittings as quickly as possible after applying ce ment COLD WEATHER CEMENTING Because the solvents in the cement will not evaporate as readily when the temperature is below 40
32. the faces of the mating flanges are not sepa rated by excessive distance prior to bolting down the flanges The bolts on the plastic flanges should be tightened by pull ing down the nuts diametrically opposite each other using a torque wrench Complete tightening should be accomplished in stages and the final torque values shown in the table should be followed for the various sizes of flanges Uniform stress across the flange will eliminate leaky gaskets mm For a well lubricated bolt with flat washers under bolt head and nut D The following tightening pattern is suggested for the flange bolts If the flange is mated to a rigid and stationary flanged object or a metal flange particularly in a buried situation where settling could occur with the plastic pipe the adjacent plastic pipe must be supported or anchored to eliminate potential stressing of the flange joint REPAIRING THERMOPLASTIC PIPE JOINTS SCOPE The most common method for repairing faulty and leaking joints is hot gas welding at the fillet formed by the junction of the fitting socket entrance and the pipe Hot gas welding which is similar to gas welding with metals except that hot gas is used for melting instead of a direct flame consists of simultaneously melting the surface of a plastic filler rod and the surfaces of the base material in the fillet area while forcing the softened rod into the softened fillet Welding with plastics involves only su
33. was B2 1 American National Standards Institute This specification details the dimensions and tolerance for tapered pipe threads This standard is referenced in the ASTM standard for threaded fittings mentioned above ANSI B16 5 This specification sets forth standards for bolt holes bolt circle and overall dimensions for steel 150 flanges NSF Standard 14 National Sanitation Foundation This standard provides specifications for toxilogical and organoleptic levels to determine the suitability of plastic piping for potable water use It additionally requires adherence to appropriate ASTM Standards and specifies minimum qual ity control programs To meet this standard a manufacturer must allow third party certification by NSF of the requirements of this standard Technical assistance regarding standards applications product performance design and installation tips are available from FABCO FABCO is also able to provide Material and Performance Certification Letters Returned Product Evaluation Product Installation and Design Seminars Technical Reports on a variety of Subjects PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE GUIDE FOR VALVES amp FITTINGS This chemical resistance guide has been compiled to assist the piping system designer in selecting chemical resistant materials The information given is intended as a guide only Many conditions can affect the material choices Careful consideration must be g
34. with the exception of HCI salt solutions chlorinated hydrocar bons and petroleum oils EPDM EPT EPDM is a terpolymer elastomer made from ethylene propylene diene monomer EPDM has good abrasion and tear resistance and offers excellent chemical resistance to a variety of acids and alka lines Itis susceptible to attack by oils and is not recommended for applications involving petroleum oils strong acids with the exception of HCI or strong alkalines Teflon PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene has outstanding resistance to chemical attack by most chemicals and solvents PTFE has a temperature rating of 200 F to 500 F PTFE a self lubricating compound is used as a seat material in Fabco Ball Valves Neoprene CR Neoprene was the first commercial synthetic rubber It is a moderately oil resistant material with good ozone resisting properties Neoprene is not recommended for use with aromatic hydrocarbons or chlorinated solvents It is specifically recom mended for use with higher concentrations of sodium hydroxide It can be used in continuous service up to 180 F 10 1 ieanco PLASTICS THERMOPLASTIC FABRICATION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION The preparation of thermoplastics for assembly by welding or other fastening methods is similar to the procedures used in metal fabrication The pieces are laid out cut machined and joined with the same tools equipment and skills employed in the metal working trades
35. 0 45 0 42 0 36 0 33 0 25 0 18 R R R R R R R R N N N N N N N N R R R R Pressure Rating of Fabco Products Fabco Products in Vacuum or Collapse Loading Situations Thermoplastic pipe is often used in applications where the pressure on the outside of the pipe exceeds the pressure inside Suction or vacuum lines and buried pipe are examples of this type of service As a matter of practical application gauges indicate the pressure differential above or below atmospheric pressureHowever scien tists and engineers frequently express pressure on an absolute scale where zero equals a theoretically perfect vacuum and standard atmospheric pressure equals 14 6959 psia Solvent cemented or thermo sealed joints are particularly recom mended for vacuum service In PVC CPVC PP or PVDF vacuum systems mechanical devices such as valves and transition joints at equipment will generally represent a greater intrusion problem than the thermoplastic piping system will Experience indicates that PVC vacuum systems can be evacuated to pressures as low as 5 microns with continuous pumping However when the system is shut off the pressure will rise and stabilize around 10 000 microns or approximately 10 mm of Mercury at 73 F The following chart lists the allowable collapse loading for plastic pipe at 73 F It shows how much greater the external pressure may be than the internal pressure Thus a pipe with 100 psi internal p
36. 75 1 2 2 Fusion Tool 2 19 MSA250 SE Electrofusion Machine 2 19 MS Series Conductivity Sensors 5 6 Multi Parameter Meter 5 20 N Natural Polypropylene Pipe 1 25 Natural Polypropylene Schedule 80 Fittings 1 26 1 27 Natural Pvdf Fittings 1 30 Nylon Cable Ties 8 13 Nylon Insert Fittings 8 17 0 Pipe HDPE 2 9 3 PABCO PLASTICS O Open Top Cylindrical Tanks 7 2 Open Top Rectangular Tanks 7 3 7 4 ORP Probe 5 2 ORP Controllers 5 18 ORP Probes 5 11 Other Plastic Rod 4 19 P P91 Dissolved Oxygen Probe 5 10 Packing 9 13 Packing 9 10 9 11 Penguin A A In Tank Filtration Systems 6 15 Penguin A B In Tank Filtration Systems 6 15 Penguin A In Tank Filtration SystemS 6 15 Penguin A SF In Tank Filtration Systems 6 17 Penguin BF In Tank Filtration Systems 6 17 Penguin CB Filter Bag Chambers 6 11 Penguin CN In Tank Filter Chambers 6 10 Penguin CT Carbon Treatment Chambers 6 11 Penguin HF In Tank Filtration Systems 6 16 Penguin Horizontal Centrifugal Pumps 6 7 Penguin Horizontal Volute Pump 6 8 Penguin Magnetic Drive Pump 6 8 Penguin MF In Tank Filtration Systems 6 16 Penguin Mixers 6 9 Penguin MR Precious Metal Recovery System 6 14 Penguin PE Penductor SpargIng Eductors 6 25 Penguin PF Wound Filter Cartridges 6 12 Penguin PGG Pressure Gauges And Guards 6 9 Penguin PP Pleated Filter Cartridges 6 13 Penguin Sealless Vertical Pumps 6 7 Penguin Series C Filter Chambers 6 10 Penguin Series PC Carbon Filter Cart
37. Aluminum Sulfate Alum AD SO4 3 EST E Prone oem Ps fom wo oo ps Pepe Pe see pem mpm _ ee M ow _ se oe ae 0 10 34 Fi PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F CHEMICALS AND FORMULA TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER RAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL NI IRON 400 SERIES S S 3 n Ammonium Dichromate NH4 2Cr207 Ammonium Phos phate Monobasic NH3H3PO4 Amyl Alcohol CSHIIOH myl HI icr Aniline C6HsNH2 Aniline Chlorohydrate Aniline Hydrochloride Anthraquinone Anthraqunone Sulfonic Acid C14H702 S03H 3H20 Aqua Regia Nitro hydrochloric Acid CIHHNO3 ieanco PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART Or CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Beet Sugar Liquor Benzaldebyde Benzene C6H6 3 SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE RAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL NI PLATED DUCTILE l 400 SERIES S S B ALLOY 20 STELLITE HASTELLOY C FLUOROCARBON BRONZE 85 Cu NEOPRENE ALUMINUM COPPER 3 NVIRON G CONCENTRATION TERLON BUNA N HYPALON Benzyl Alcohol C6H 5CH20H Bromotoluene C 2B2 Butadiene H2C CHHC CH2 Butyl Acetate CH3COOCH CH3 x C2H5 Butyl Alcohol CH3 CH2 2CH2OH 2 2 Butyl Phenol CAH 9C6H4OH Butyl Phthalate Butyl Stearate CH3 CH2 16CO2 CH2 3CH3 Buty
38. CH2CH2Br 2 Ethylhexanol CH3 CH2 3CHC2HS Ethyl Mercaptan 2H5SH Ethyl O O Ferric Chloride Aque ous FeCI3 10 40 cc I Lu 9 Lu orc lt Lu I METALS F E ERATURI x 2 D lt d a Zz lt i E Z lt AT MAXIMUM TEMP NOU T ILLOQG NOI AV3D CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Ferrous Sulfate FeSO4 Fluoboric Acid HBF4 Formaldehyde HCHO Formaldehyde HCHO Formic Acid HCOOH Freon 11 2CI2F4 Freon 114 C Gallic Acid oline Leaded lauber s Salt G 3 Glycol OHCH2CH20H 10 41 oc I Lu 9 Lu orc Lu METALS ERATURE F PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS XIMUM TEMP AT MA S S SHRIJS 00 ATLLONG GaLW Td IN NOII IN t CHEMICALS AND FORMULA A 1 Glycol Amine ilycolic Acid OHC Glyoxal CHOCHO Sugar C6H1206 Hexanol 24CH20H CH3 CH Hydrazine HENNH2 Hydrobromic Acid HBr Hydrobromic Acid HBr 35 Hydrochloric Acid HCI Hydrochloric Acid HC Hydrofluo Hydrofluoric Acid HF Hydrofluoric Acid HF Hydrofluo gen H Hydro Hydrogen Hydrogen Peroxide Hydrogen Peroxide ogen Phosphide Dry Hydrogen Sulfide H2S Hydrogen Sulfite Hydroquinone C6H4 OH 2 10 42 METALS WONIANTY NO amp IVOOSODYTA PLASTICS AND E
39. COOH 2H20 Ozone O3 Palm Oil Palmitic Acid Palmitic Acid CH3 CH2 I4COOH Nickel Sulfate NiSO4 CH2 7 Nickel Ammonium Sulfate NiSO4 NH4 2804 6H20 Nickel Chloride NiCI2 Nicotine CIOH14N2 Nicotinic Acid CsH4N Nitric Acid HNO3 Nitric Acid HNO3 Nitric Acid HNO Nitric Acid HNO3 Nitric Acid HNO3 Nitric Acid HNO3 Nitromethane CH3NO2 Nitrous Acid HNO2 Nitrous Oxide N2O n Octane CH Oleum xH2SO4 ySO3 Oxygen Gas O2 CH3 CH2 14COOH Nitrobenzene 6 Nitroglycerin CH2NO3CH Nitroethane CH3 10 46 S S SATAS 007 ATLLONG GAL Td IN NOII IN t THALS NOPUVID NOU ATILONG NOI AV3D BEL HZNOS WONINNTV METALS A HZNOIS 5 n5 S8 HZNOWH HWHddOO lt WONIANTY NO8IVOOSODYTT HNHHdOHN NOTVdAH E i PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F cc I Lu 9 Lu orc Lu NOLLIVSLINHONOO 3PO4 ydrazine C6HSNHNH2 alic Acid COOH aphic Solutions Phth C6H4 Pine Oil Lead Nickel CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Paraffin C36H74 Peanut Oil CH3 CH2 3CH3 Perchloroethylene Perphosphate Phenol 6 5 Phospate Esters Picric Acid C6H2 NO2 30H Platings Solution Platings Solution Rhodium Silver Perchloric Acid HCIO4 Phenylh Phosphorus Red Phosphorus Yellow Perchloric Aci Phosphoric Acid H Phosphoric Acid H3PO4 Phosphoric Acid H3PO4 Phosphorus Trichloride Platin
40. EAD A measure of pressure expressed in feet of head for centrif ugal pumps Indicates the height of a column of water being moved by the pump assuming negligible friction losses PRESSURE The force exerted on the walls of a container tank pipe etc by a liquid Normally measured in pounds per square inch psi for positive displacement and metering pumps PRIME A charge of liquid required to begin pumping action when liquid source is lower than pump May be held in pump by a foot valve on the intake line or by a valve or chamber within the pump SEAL A device mounted in the pump housing and or on the pump shaft to prevent leakage of liquid from the pump There are three types LIP A flexible ring usually rubber or similar material with the inner edge held closely against the rotating shaft by a spring MECHANICAL Has a rotating part and a stationary part with highly polished touching surfaces Has excellent sealing capability and long life but can be damaged by dirt or grit in the liquid PACKED Multiple flexible rings mounted around the pump shaft and packed together by tightening gland nuts some leaking is essential for lubrication RELIEF VALVE Usually used at the discharge of a positive dis placement pump An adjustable spring loaded valve opens when a preset pressure is reached Used to prevent excessive pressure buildup that could damage the pump or motor SEALLESS MAGNETIC DRIVE No seal is used
41. F the pipe joints will not set up as rapidly in cold weather If solvent cementing must be done when the temperature is below 40 F the following suggestions are offered Store pipe fittings cement and primer in a heated area Pre fab as much of the system as possible in a heated work area Joints that must be made outside should be protected with a portable shelter and heated with indirect heat to surface temperatures about 40 F prior to joining The shelter and heat should remain in place for at least two hours after joint assembly Pipe and fittings must be dry prior to joining and the joints should be kept dry until the cement has had sufficient time to set CAUTION DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SPEED THE SETTING OR DRYING OF THE CEMENT BY APPLYING DIRECT HEAT TO THE SOLVENT WELDED JOINT Forced rapid drying by heat ing will cause the cement solvents to boil off forming porosity bubbles and blisters in the cement film HANDLING OF PRIMER AND CEMENT NOTE Observe the use prior to date Cement has a limited shelf life Do not permit solvent cement can to stand open Do not use cement that has dried to the point where it become lumpy and stringy Throw it away Do not attempt to thin out sluggish cement with thinner or primer ESTIMATED SOLVENT CEMENT REQUIREMENTS The below estimated PVC and CPVC solvent cement requirements should only be considered as a guideline for usage and could vary according to a wide variety of installation
42. F2 2H20 j 2 Copper Nitrate Cu NO3 2 3H20 2 A gt EN gt gt gt Le gt 10 38 USE RS S D E ES ER EN ES l NOI FTLLONG NONI AVD HZNOIS WOANIWNATY n5 S8 IZNONE s HEEE E Ee e eer Ec wee o 10 l only 18 d ug 5 58 Se uz lt a 23 EB E 22 dz lt cc I Lu 9 LLI cc lt Lu for body mater Sat d ings are 2 Rat late 5 C6H4OH Chloride CuCl rgents Hea C6H4 COOC4H9 2 FORMULA CH3 C6H100 20H3006 C4H90C4H9 OCOC4H9 CH3 2NNH Cyclohexanone Dibutyl Phthalate Dibutyl Sebacate C4H9OCO CH2 8 Dinonyl Phthalate Dichlorobenzene Dichloroethylene Diethylamine C6H4 COOC9H19 2 Dioctyl Phthalate CHEMICAL AND CuSO4 5H20 Cresol Cyclohexane Decahydronaphthalene Detei Dextrin Starch 3COCH2C CH3 20H Dibutoxyethyl Phthal Diethyl Ether C4H100 Dimethyl Formamide Dimethylhydrazine Note ieanco PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Dioxane O CH2 4 0 Bue ide C6H Disodium Phosphate Na2HPO4 her C4H100 3 BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER RAY IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NVIRON 400 SERIES S S G hyl Alcohol Ethanol 5 hyl Benzene H5 FEET Er CONCENTRATION Ethylene Bromide Br
43. FABCO PLASTICS i PLASTIC MATERIAL DIGEST PVC Polyvinyl Chloride conforming to ASTM D 1784 Class 12454 B formerly designated Type 1 Grade 1 PVC is the most fre quently specified of all thermoplastic materials It has been used successfully for over 30 years in such areas as chemical process ing industrial plating chilled water distribution deionized water lines chemical drainage and irrigation systems PVC is charac terized by high physical properties and resistance to corrosion and chemical attack by acids alkalies salt solutions and many other chemicals It is attacked however by polar solvents such as ketones some chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatics The maximum service temperature of PVC is 140 F With a design stress of 2 000 PSI PVC has the highest long term hydrostatic strength at 73 F of any of the major thermoplastic being used for piping systems PVC is joined by solvent cementing threading or flanging CPVC Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride conforming to ASTM D 1784 Class 23447 B formerly designated Type IV Grade 1 CPVC has physical properties at 73 F similar to those of PVC and its chemical resistance is similar to that of PVC CPVC with a design stress of 2 000 psi and maximum service temperature of 210 F has over a period of about 25 years proven to be excellent material for hot corrosive liquids hot and cold water distribution and similar applications above the temperature range of PVC
44. Flowline Echopod 5 15 Flowline Echosafe 5 15 Flowline Echospan 5 16 Flowline Echoswitch 5 16 Flowline Echotouch 5 15 Flowmeters 5 21 5 29 Flow Monitors 5 8 Flow Sensor 5 7 Flow Sensors 5 14 INDEX Foot Operated Valves 3 12 FRP Grating 4 21 FRP Handrails 4 29 FRP Plate 4 29 FRP Structural Shapes 4 26 Fuseal Schedule 40 Polypro Pipe 2 5 Fuseal Schedule 80 25 50 PVDF Pipe 2 7 Fuseal Schedule 80 Polypro Pipe 2 6 Fusion Machines 2 18 2 20 G Gaskets 1 24 Gate Valves 3 9 GF 375 True Union Ball Valves 3 2 GF 546 True Union Ball Valves 3 3 GF 568 Gearbox Butterfly Valves 3 5 GF Contain It 2 8 GF Electric Actuated Ball Valve 3 17 3 18 GF Electric Actuated Butterfly Valve 3 18 GF Manual Diaphragm Valve 3 21 Gf Metric PVC Fittings 1 14 GF Pneumatic Actuated Ball Valve 3 16 GF Pneumatic Actuated Butterfly Valve 3 19 GF Pneumatic Actuated Diaphragm Valve 3 20 GF Type 304 Y Check Valves 3 10 GF Type 567 Butterfly Valves 3 5 GF V182 V82 Pressure Regulating Valve 3 15 GF V185 V85 Pressure Relief Valve 3 14 GF V186 V86 Pressure Retaining Valve 3 15 GF V782 Pressure Reducing Valve 3 14 GF V786 Pressure Retaining Valve 3 13 Glass Backed Sheet 4 15 Globe Valves 3 9 Grating Accessories 4 25 Grating FRP 4 21 Grating Pultruded 4 24 Guidelines For Factory Installed Fittings 7 13 GVS 65 Gas Venting System 2 1 H Hanna 504 pH ORP Controller 5 18 Hanna 700 EC Controller 5 18 Hanna Industrial Prob
45. Insert Fittings 8 17 Instaduct Cpve Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 9 Instaduct Pvc Ventillation Duct Fittings 9 2 9 3 Instaduct Pvc Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 1 9 4 9 5 In Tank Filtration Systems 6 6 6 15 IP80 Series Paddle Wheel Flow Sensors 5 7 IP100 Series Paddle Wheel Flow Sensors 5 7 IR Plus Fusion Machine 2 18 K K3130 Series BF Heavy Wall Pvc Hose 8 5 Kuri Tec Clear Braided PVC Hose 8 3 PLASTICS INDEX Kuri Tec Clear PVC Hose 8 2 L Laboratory Ball Cock Valve Type 324 3 6 Laboratory Grade PP TubIng 8 7 Laramy 30 10 Basic High Speed Torch 4 33 Laramy 30 102 Fabricating Torch 4 33 Laramy 30 200 Torch And Compressor 4 33 Laramy Custom Welding Tips 4 35 Laramy Economy Compressor Torch 4 34 Laramy Plastic Bending Bars 4 34 Laramy Universal High Speed Tip 4 35 Laramy Vari FT RS Self Contained Torch 4 34 Large Diameter Swing Check Valves 3 11 Lay Flat Discharge Hose 8 14 LDPE Sheet 4 11 Level Monitors 5 8 Level Sensor 5 14 Level Transmitter 5 14 Level Transmitters 5 15 Lexan Sheet 4 14 Liquid Dispensing Assemblies 3 13 Low Density Pe Sheet 4 11 LXT Schedule 80 Fittings 2 3 LXT Schedule 80 Pipe 2 2 LXT Valves And Accessories 2 4 M Mag Drive Pumps 6 4 6 8 Mazzei Injectors 6 26 Mcelroy 824 Fusion Machine 2 20 Metering Ball Valves Type 323 3 6 Metering Pumps 6 27 6 32 Micro Flo Digital Flowmeter 5 33 Mini Max Level Control 5 17 Mist Eliminator 9 17 Mixers 6 9 Model
46. LASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F cc I Lu 9 Lu orc Lu NOLLIVSLLNHONOO co CHC CH3 CH2C CH3 es FeH3PO4 Kerosene Ketoni raft Liquor 3 3 CH2 10COOH CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Iron Phosphate CH3 2CH2 CI JP 6 Fuel Kelp Slurry Lead Acetate Ki Isobutane CH3 2CHCH3 Isopropyl Acetate Isopropyl Alcohol CHI Lactic Acid Lactic Acid C 3CHOHCOOH Latex C2H6OSi x Lauryl Chloride Isophorone Lead Chloride PbC Lead Nitrate Pb NO3 Lead Sulfate PbSO4 cov PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART afar Cu 5 CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Lime Slurry CaO Lime Sulfur CaS x Linoleic Acid BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER BRONZE 8 SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NI IRON NI PLATED DUCTILE 400 SERIES S S ALLOY 20 STELLITE HASTELLOY C CH3 CH2 4HC CHCH2CH CH CH2 7COOH Linoleic Oil Ludox SiO2 Magnesium Carbonate MgCO2 Magnesium Chloride MgCI2 Magnesium Citrate MgHC6HS07 SH20 180 gnesi i F2 Magnesium Hydroxide Si Mg OH 2 200 160 22 Magnesium Nitrate Mg NO3 2 2H20 Magnesium Oxide MgO Magnesium Sulfate MgS04 7H20 Maleic Acid HOOCCH CHCOOH E Malic Acid COOHCH2CH OH COOH Manganese Sulfate MnSO4 4H20 Mercuric Chloride HgCI2 Mercuric Cyanide Hg CN 2 Sa Mercuric Sulfate HgSO4 Sai Mercurous Nitrate HgNO3 2H20 Methane CH4
47. N TABLE CAPACITY U S CUSTOMARY UNITS cubic cubic US gallons Imp gallons cubic feet meters liters meters per min per sec per min 1 0 00144 0 002228 63 08x10 0 00173 0 00268 75 77x10 0 64636 1 2 832 x 10 101 952 0 00100 0 00156 44 166x104 0 1590 22 824 i 35 316 1 3 600 0 000380 0 000586 i 16 67x108 0 0600 0 00634 0 00981 2 777x10 i 1 By trade custom one barrel petroleum oil is equal to 42 US gal gpm 0 1247 x lb hr when w density Ib cu ft w CONVERSION TABLE MASS WEIGHT AND FORCE Definitions 1 Mass is absolute the pound Ib and kilogram kg are most commonly used units the kilogram is the SI unit ME E cm ton d 0 02835 0 4536 1 907 2 2 240 1 1016 2 205 1 0 03527 0 002205 0 001 1 2205 1000 1 000 000 CONVERSION TABLE POWER CONVERSION TABLE PRESSURE U S CUSTOMARY UNITS Units and symbols foot pounds British thermal per sec horsepower units per sec metric pounds per square inch psi ft Ib sec hp Btu sec horsepower 1 pascal Pa 1 N m SI unit c 09182 De x 10 0 00 1956 i kilograms per square centimeter kg cm 1 415 1 1 055 x 10 1 055 j bar 1341x103 9 478 x 10 1 0 001 1 841 0 9478 1000 1 a 2 D 9863 Neon 1 psi 0 0703 kg cm 6894 76 N m 6 894 kPa 1 kg cm 14 22 psi 9 80665 x 10 N m 98 0665 kPa 1 atmosphere 14 7 psi 1 0332 kg m 10 13 x 104 101 3 kPa 1 metric atm
48. P L PARTNERSHIP L SOLE PROPRIETOR OUR TERMS OF PAYMENT ARE STRICTLY NET 30 DAYS YOUR APPLICATION FOR CREDIT IS YOUR AGREEMENT TO ABIDE BY THESE TERMS OWNERSHIP OF GOODS OR SERVICES PURCHASED SHALL REMAIN THE PROPERTY OF FABCO PLASTICS WHOLESALE ONTARIO LIMITED UNTIL PAID IN FULL TRADE REFERENCES SUPPLIERS WITH WHOM YOU ARE CURRENTLY DOING BUSINESS 1 NAME PHONE ADDRESS FAX 2 NAME PHONE ADDRESS FAX 3 NAME ADDRESS BANK REFERENCE NAME ADDRESS PHONE CONTACT I the undersigned hereby give authority to release banking and Trade reference information necessary for the approval of credit SIGNATURE TITLE FOR OFFICE USE ONLY DATE APPROVED BY CREDIT LIMITED CUSTOMER NUMBER TERRITORY CODE DISCOUNT CODE
49. There are however special forming requirements for thermoplastics not encountered in metal work The degree of skill and the quality of preparatory work in layout and in various machining operations on components for fit up are very important in assuring accurate assembly and successful fabrication Fabrication of thermoplastics covers a wide field of operations on sheet rod tube and special shapes in making them into finished products cutting sawing machining forming and joining or fas tening together for the completed object Machining may include beveling routing grinding turning milling drilling tapping and threading Once the different parts are shaped they then may have to be joined Assembly techniques include use of self tapping screws threaded inserts press fitting snap fitting cold heating heat joining like hotplate welding hot wire welding induction heating thermal impulse heating resistance wire welding or hot flaring spin welding cementing and hot gas welding Each operation requires its own tools and equipment CUTTING Thermoplastic rods and shapes can be readily cut with an ordi nary hand hacksaw or power saws can be used Using a circular power saw a cutting speed of 6 000 rpm Using hand pressure is recommended With bandsaws this should be reduced to 3 600 fpm with hand pressure Under some circumstances a lathe can be used Best results are obtained with fine toothed saw blades 6 to 9
50. VC Hose 8 5 SG 110 Socket Fusion Machine 2 18 PLASTICS INDEX Shapes PVC And CPVC 4 20 Shark 5 1 Sheet Acrylic 4 14 Sheet Clear PVC 4 5 Sheet Copolymer PP 4 9 Sheet CPVC 4 7 Sheet Glass Backed 4 15 Sheet HDPE 4 10 Sheet LDPE 4 11 Sheet Lexan 4 14 Sheet Perforated 4 16 Sheet Polycarbonate 4 14 Sheet PP Homopolymer 4 8 Sheet PVC 4 1 4 2 Sheet PVDF 4 16 Sheet UHMW 4 12 Signet 2250 HydrostraTic Level Sensor 5 14 Signet 2350 Temperature Sensor 5 13 Signet 2450 Pressure Sensor 5 13 Signet 2724 2726 pH ORP Electrodes 5 11 Signet 2754 2757 pH ORP Electrodes 5 11 Signet 2819 2823 Conductivity Electrodes 5 12 Signet 8250 Level Transmitter 5 14 Signet 8350 Temperature Transmitters 5 13 Signet 8450 Pressure Transmitter 5 12 Signet 8900 Multi Parameter Controller 5 11 Signet Flow Sensors 5 14 Simona Clear PVC Sheet Technical Data 4 6 Simona Copolymer PP Sheet 4 9 Simona Cpvc Corzan Sheet 4 7 Simona Homopolymer PP Sheet 4 8 Simona Plastic Rod 4 18 Simona Pvc Type II Sheet Technical Data 4 4 Simona Pvc Type I Sheet 4 1 Simona Pvc Type I Sheet Technical Data 4 2 Simona Versadur Clear Pvc Sheet 4 5 Simona Versadur Pvc Type II Sheet 4 3 Small Open Top Cylindrical Tanks 7 1 Solvent Cement And Primer 1 22 Solvent Cement And Primer 1 21 Spa Hose 8 1 Spray Nozzles 5 35 Spx Series Paddle Wheel Flow Sensors 5 7 Stingray Level amp Velocity Logger 5 9 Strainers Ba
51. a b Head varies as the square of the speed or the impeller diameter Head 1 Heady RPM 2 RPM gt 2 or Head Head Dia 12 22 Hd Hd RPM 2 RPM 2 and Hd Hd Dia 2 Dia 2 c Power BHP varies as the cube of the speed or impeller diameter BHP BHP RPMj RPM or BHP Dia 3 Dia23 BHP BHP43 RPM 3xRPM3 and BPH BHP 3 Dia 3xDiao3 4 PABCO PLASTICS Pump Data Vil EFFECT OF ALTITUDE ON PUMPS At elevations above sea level suction lift should be reduced accordingly to insure that the same amount of water can get into the pump as would occur at an equivalent sea level lift Lower atmo spheric pressure reduces horsepower output of gas engines thus causing a drop in speed which reduces pump performance Engine power will decrease 3 5 for each 1000 ft above sea level and 1 for each 10 F above standard temperature at 60 F ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CONDITIONS ELEVATIONS ABOVE SEA LEVEL Reduction to Equivalent Max Practical Above Sea Pressure Reading Ins Head or Dyn Suction Level Pounds sq in of Mercury Water Ft Lift Po m 25 ss on ww nz oss zo o w ms 20 mo gt VIII GUIDELINES FOR PUMPING WARM WATER Altitude Atmospheric Barometer MAXIMUM PRACTICAL DYNAMIC SUCTION LIFTAND VAPOR PRESSURE WATER CHARACTERISTICS Reduction to Equivalent Max Practical Above Sea Pressure Reading Ins Head or Dyn Suction Level Pounds sq in of Mercury Water Ft Lift
52. a specific plastic pipe to render service for a useful period in the transport of a specific chemical at a specified concentra tion and temperature Cleaner medium strength organic solvent such as methyl ethyl katone to remove foreign matter from pipe and fitting joint surfaces Compound the intimate admixture of a polymer or polymers with other ingredients such as fillers softeners plasticizers catalysts pigments dyes curing agents stabilizers antioxidants etc Copolymer see Polymer Creep the time dependent part of strain resulting from stress that is the dimensional change caused by the application of load over and above the elastic formation and with respect to time Deflection Temperature the temperature at which a specimen will deflect a given distance at a given load under a prescribed conditions of test See ASTM D648 Formerly called heat distortion Deterioration a permanent change in the physical properties of a plastic evidenced by impairment of these properties Note a Burst strength fiber stress hoop stress hydrostatic design stress long term hydrostataic strength hydrostatic strength quick long term burst ISO equation pressure pressure rating quick burst service factor strength stress and sustained pressure test are related terms Elasticity that property of plastics materials by virtue of which they tend to recover their original size and shape after deformation Note if the stra
53. al plating chilled water distribution deionized water lines chemical drainage and irrigation systems PVC is characterized by high physical properties and resistance to corrosion and chemical attack by acids alkalies salt solutions and many other chemicals It is attacked however by polar solvents such as ketones some chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatics The maximum service temperature of PVC is 140 F With a design stress of 2000 psi PVC has the highest long term hydrostatic strength at 73 F of any of the major thermoplastics being used for piping systems PVC is joined by solvent cementing threading or flanging eo LH PARC PLASTICS 8 Popul CHEMICAL RESISTANCE GUIDE FOR VALVES amp FITTINGS PVDF KYNAR Polyvinylidene Fluoride is a strong tough and abrasion resistant fluorocarbon material It resists distortion and retains most of its strength to 280 F It is chemically resistant to most acids bases and organic solvents and is ideally suited for handling wet or dry chlorine bromine and other halogens No other solid thermoplastic piping components can approach the combination of strength chemical resistance and working temperatures of PVDF PVDF is joined by the thermo seal fusion process threading or flanging EPDM EPDM is a terpolymer elastomer made from ethylenepropyl ene diene monomer EPDM has good abrasion and tear resistance and offers excellent chemical resistance to a variety of a
54. alves which are opened or closed quickly or pumps which start with an empty discharge line Hydraulic shock can even occur if a high speed wall of liquid as from a starting pump hits a sudden change of direction in the piping such as an elbow The pressure rise created by the hydraulic shock effect is added to whatever fluid pressure exists in the piping system and although only momentary this shock load can be enough to burst pipe and break fittings or valves Proper design when laying out a piping system will limit the possibility of hydraulic shock damage The following suggestions will help in avoiding problems 1 Ina plastic piping system a fluid velocity not exceeding 5 ft sec will minimize hydraulic shock effects even with quickly closing valves such as solenoid valves Flow is normally expressed in GALLONS PER MINUTE GPM To deter mine the fluid velocity in any segment of piping the following formula may be used V 0 4085xGPM Dj2 Where v fluid velocity in feet per second Di inside diameter GPM rate of flow in gallons per minute Flow Capacity Tables are available for the fluid velocities result ing from specific flow rates in Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 pipes The upper threshold rate of flow for any pipe may be determined by substituting 5 ft sec Fluid velocity in the above formula and solving for GPM Upper Threshold Rate of Flow GPM 12 24 Di2 2 Using actuated valves which have a specific
55. ast and economical installa tion maintenance and modification of industrial piping systems It is the objective of this section to provide detailed instructions on all known techniques of joining maintaining and handling thermoplas tics in order to permit maximum integrity of your piping system SOLVENT WELDING The generally preferred method of joining rigid thermoplastics such as PVC and CPVC is solvent welding This process gives a stronger joint than threading and is also considered faster and simpler Ad ditionally solvent welding permits the use of thinner walls when compared to threaded connections for equivalent pressure ratings THERMO SEALING SOCKET FUSION Polypropylene PP a thermoplastic polyolefin and PVDF Ky nar cannot be dissolved by even the strongest of organic solvents Since solvent attack or bite by dissolution is necessary to effect a solvent cement bond with thermoplastics it is not possible to join polypropylene or PVDF by solvent cementing Therefore poly propylene and PVDF pressure systems can only be joined using heat fusion techniques A thermal sealing procedure is used when joining using heat fusion techniques A thermal sealing procedure is used when joining 1 2 through 4 sizes When joining 6 polypro pylene systems which are recommended for drainage applications only a fillet welding procedure is utilized THREADING Threaded joints are sometimes used when a piping system must be dismantle
56. ating CAUTION AIR OR COMPRESSED GAS IS NOT RECOM MENDED AND SHOULD NOT BE USED AS A MEDIA FOR PRESSURE TESTING OF PLASTIC PIPING SYSTEMS FILLET WELDING SCOPE The joining procedure covered herein applies only to 6 polypro pylene drainage or non pressure systems Fillet Welding is not recommended as a primary joining technique for pressure rated systems Joining Equipment and Materials Cutting and deburring tools Plastic welding gun with flexible hose pressure regulator and ieanco PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS gauge Welding and tacking tips Compresses air supply or bottled nitrogen see note below 1 8 welding rod Cotton rags Joining NOTE Fillet welding of thermoplastics is quite similar to the acetylene welding or brazing process used with metals The funda mental differences are that the plastic rod must always be the same basic material as the pieces to be joined and heated gas rather than burning gas is used to melt the rod and adjacent surfaces Because of its economy compressed air is normally the gas of choice for most plastic welding A welding gun which generates its own air supply is frequently desirable for field made pipe joints where ultimate weld strength is not required For welding guns which require compressed gas nitrogen is preferable when the compressed plant air system does not contain adequate drying and filtration Presence of moisture in the gas stream cause
57. bove grade metal valve The metal valve should be installed with an independent support 2 If it is subject to external damage This could be remedied by sleeving the pipe with an independently and rigidly supported steel pipe 3 If it is subject to high temperature environments i e summer sun that could lower the pipe s pressure rating below an acceptable level Such a situation might be remedied by insulating the PVC or CPVC pipe FABCO PLASTICS Engineering Data Pressure Ratings of Fabco Products The pressure carrying capability of any pipe at a given temperature is a function of the material strength from which the pipe is made and the geometry of the pipe as defined by its diameter and wall thickness The following expression commonly known as the ISO equation is used in thermoplastic pipe specifications to relate these factors P 2S Do t 1 where P maximum pressure rating psi S maximum hydraulic design stress max working strength psi Do average outside pipe diameter in t minimum wall thickness in The allowable design stress which is the tensile stress in the hoop direction of the pipe is derived for each material in accordance with ASTM D 2837 Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydro static Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials at 73 F The pressure ratings below were calculated from the basic Hydraulic Design Stress for each of the materials Pipe and Fittings I
58. cids and alkalines It is susceptible to attack by oils and is not recommended for applica tions involving petroleum oils strong acids or strong alkalines It has exceptionally good weather aging and ozone resistance It is fairly good with ketones and alcohols and has an excellent temperature range from 20 F to 250 F HYPALON CSM Hypalon has very good resistance to oxida tion ozone and good flame resistance It is similar to neoprene except with improved acid resistance where it will resist such oxidizing acids as nitric hydrofluoric and sulfuric acid Abrasion resistance of Hypalon is excellent about the equivalent of the nitriles Oil and solvent resis tance is somewhat between that of neoprene and nitrile Salts have little if any effect on Hypalon Hypalon is not recommended for exposure to concentrated oxidizing acids esters ketones chlorinated aromatic and nitro hydrocarbons Hypalon has a normal temperature range of 20 F to 200 F NEOPRENE CR Neoprenes were one of the first synthetic rubbers developed Neoprene is an all purpose polymer with many desirable characteristics and features high resiliency with low compression set flame resistance and is animal and vegetable oil resistant Neoprene is principally recommended for food and beverage service Generally neoprene is not affected by moderate chemicals fats greases and many oils and solvents Neoprene is attacked by strong oxidizing acids most ch
59. cket pressure fittings Stipulated in the standard are thread and socket specifications by lengths wall thickness burst material quality and identification requirements ASTM Standards D 2467 and F 439 Standards D 2467 PVC and F 439 CPVC cover the specification of Schedule 80 socket type pressure fittings including dimensions and physical requirements ASTM Standard D 4101 Formerly D 2146 This standard covers the specifications for propylene PP plastic injection and extrusion materials ASTM Standard D 3222 This standard covers the specifications for PVDF fluoroplastic molding and extru sions materials ASTM Standard D 2657 This standard covers the procedures for heat fusion bonding of polyolefin materi als ASTM Standards D 2564 and F 493 These standards set forth requirements for PVC D 2564 and CPVC F 493 Solvent Cement including a resin material designation and resin content quality standard Also included in these standards are test procedures for measuring the cement quality by means of burst and lap shear tests ASTM Standard F 656 This standard covers the requirements for primers to be used for PVC solvent cemented joints of pipe and fittings ASTM Standard D 2855 This standard describes the procedure for making joints with PVC pipe and fit tings by means of solvent cementing The following are standards of other groups that are commonly encountered in industrial thermoplastic piping design ANSI B1 20 1
60. co PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 90 Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 93 NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON 3 NI IRON B CONCENTRATION x E EHSERERERERERE HYPALON Sulfuric Acid H2S04 Sulfuric Acid H2S04 a a Sulfuric Acid H2S04 Sulfuric Acid H2S04 Sulfuric Acid H2S04 Sulfurous Acid H2S03 Tartaric EM HOOC CHOH 2 Terpineol CIOHI7OH Tetrachloroethane Tetra Sodium Pyropho phate N94PzO710H2C Thionyl Chloride SOCI2 Thread Cutting Oils Titanium Tetrachloride 4 Toluene Toluol 3C6H5 Transformer Oil Transformer Oil DTE 30 Tributyl Citrate Tributyl Phosphate C4H9 3PO4 Trichloroacetic Acid CCI3COOH Trichloroethylene E Triethanolamine HOC 10 52 PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART ESO x w O CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Triethylamine C2H5 3N Trimethylpropane CH20H 3C3H5 CONCENTRATION TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER BRONZE 85 Cu SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NI IRON NI PLATED DUCTILE 400 SERIES S S ALLOY 20 STELLITE HASTELLOY C Trisodium Phosphate NaPO412H20 Tung Oil 2 a REESE L EIE RES CR CER ER ES ESSE ER ER TIS TEEESTS LA 515 Turpentine Urea CO NH2 2 Urine Varnish Vaseline Petroleum
61. contribute significant friction losses in a piping system A common method of expressing the losses experienced in fittings is to relate them to pipe in terms of equivalent pipe length This is the length of pipe required to give the same friction loss as a fitting of the same size Tables are available for the tabulation of the equivalent Fi PABCO PLASTICS Engineering Data pipe length in feet for the various sizes of a number of common fittings By using this Table and the Friction Loss Tables the total friction loss in a plastic piping system can be calculated for any fluid velocity For example suppose we wanted to determine the pressure loss across a 2 Schedule 40 90 elbow at 75 gpm From the lower table we find the equivalent length of a 2 90 elbow to be 5 5 feet of pipe From the Schedule 40 Pipe Table we find the friction loss to be 3 87 psi per 100 feet of pipe when the flow rate is 75 gpm Therefore the solution is as follows 5 5 Feet 90 Elbow x 3 87 psi 100 Feet 0 21 psi Pressure Drop 90 Elbow which is the pressure drop across a 2 Schedule 40 elbow But what if it were a 2 Schedule 80 elbow and we wanted to know the friction head loss The solution is similar except we look for the friction head in the Schedule 80 Pipe Table and find it to be 12 43 feet per 100 feet of pipe when the flow rate is 75 gpm The solution follows 5 5 Feet 90 Elbow x 12 43 Feet 100 Feet 0 68 Feet Friction H
62. d for occasional cleaning or modifications Since thread ing results in a reduction in the effective wall thickness of the pipe the pressure rating of threaded pipe is reduced to one half that of unthreaded pipe ie pipe joined by solvent cementing or thermal sealing This reduction in wall thickness resulting from threading can seriously affect the pressure carrying capability and mechanical strength of Schedule 40 or lighter pipe and therefore only Sched ule 80 or heavier pipe should be threaded when the pipe is used for pressure applications Also threading is not recommended for plastic pipe above 4 inches in diameter nor is it recommended for pressure polypropylene piping systems FLANGING One of the earliest methods for joining thermoplastic piping flang ing continues to be used extensively for process lines Thermoplas tic flanges and flanged fittings are available in a full size range and mat be attached to pipe by solvent welding by threading or by thermal sealing as required by the particular thermoplastic material 10 6 STORAGE AND HANDLING OF THERMOPLASTIC PIPING COMPONENTS SCOPE Industrial thermoplastic piping components are designed and manu factured for use in severe duty systems involving the transport of aggressive liquids In order to ensure their integrity once installed they must be handled with reasonable care prior to installation STORAGE 1 Pipe When pipe is received in standard lifts it should re
63. d to three Table 1 or wom gt Pressure Testing The strength of a plastic weld develops as it cools Allow ample time for the weld to cool prior to 100 pressure testing CAUTION Air or compressed gas is not recommended and should not be used as a media for pressure testing of plastic piping sys THREADING INSTRUCTIONS FOR THERMOPLASTIC PIPE SCOPE The procedure presented herein covers threading of all IPS Schedule 80 or heavier thermoplastic pipe The threads are Nation al Pipe Threads NPT which are cut to the dimensions outlined in ANSI B1 20 1 and presented in the table on the following page THREADING EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS Pipe Dies Pipe Vise Threading ratchet or power machine Tapered plug Cutting lubricant soap amp water Strap wrench Teflon tape Cutting and Deburring tools Pipe Preparation Plastic pipe can be easily cut with a handsaw power hacksaw cir cular or band saw For best results use a finetoothed blade 16 18 teeth per inch with little or no set maximum 0 025 A circum ferential speed of about 6 000 ft min is suitable for circular saws band saw speed should be approximately 3 000 ft min Carbide tipped blades are preferable when quantities of pipe are to be cut To ensure square ends a miter box hold down or jig should be used Pipe or tubing cutters can be used for smaller diameter pipe when the cutting wheel is specifically designed for plastic pipe Threading Dies
64. e psi vs Temperature eese 5 Pvc eve Pe evor 100 150 150 150 150 120 110 130 130 150 130 120 150 150 100 140 200 250 280 N R Not Recommended Temperature Ratings of Fabco Products Since the strength of plastic pipe is sensitive to temperature the identical test method is used to determine the material strength at elevated temperature levels The correction factor for each temper ature is the ratio of strength at that temperature level to the basic strength at 73 F Because the hoop stress is directly proportional to the internal pressure which created that pipe stress the correc tion factors may be used for the temperature correction of pressure as well as stress For pipe and fitting applications above 73 F refer to the table below for the Temperature Correction Factors To determine the maximum non shock pressure rating at an elevated temperature simply multiply the base pressure rating obtained from the table in the preceding column by the correction factor from the table below The allowable pressure will be the same as the base pressure for all temperatures below 73 F X4 PABCO PLASTICS Engineering Data Temperature Correction Factors Temperature F pyc cevc PVDF ceve PP oe on Lus Recommended for intermittent drainage pressure not exceeding 20 psi N R Not Recommended 1 00 0 75 0 62 0 50 0 45 0 40 0 35 0 30 0 22 0 62 0 58 0 52 0 49
65. e handling of your order please use the combination of part number size and brief description Our minimum order is 25 00 net SHIPPING All shipments are FOB shipping point except those qualified materials which carry mill shipment freight allowances The term FOB shipping point means the carrier accepts all responsibility upon accepting the shipment at our dock Therefore any claims for damage or loss must be settled between you and the carrier without delay BILLING TERMS Prior credit approval and nondelinquent status are necessary before shipping on open account Our open account terms are net 30 days A 2 per month 24 per annum charge is made on ac counts exceeding 30 days All taxes required by law are comput ed and added to your invoice Our minimum billing is 25 00 net EXPORT SHIPMENT FABCO will be happy to handle your export order We will offer prompt replies on your inquiry including Pro Forma Invoice CIF Port of Unloading and export crating on all our products Terms and Letter of Credit drawn on a Canadian bank Address your inquiry to Export Dept at our Maple Ontario office CLAIMS amp RETURNS Claims for shortages or inaccurate filling of orders must be made to FABCO within ten days after receipt of goods Include a copy of the invoice or shipper on which the goods were purchased You will then receive a Returned Goods RG authorization number There is a 2596 restocking charge on any standard goods
66. ead 90 Elbow which is the friction head loss across a 2 Schedule 80 elbow For a copy of the tables mentioned in this section please contact customer service Valve Calculations As an aid to system design liquid sizing constants Cv values are shown for valves where applicable These values are defined as the flow rate through the valve required to produce a pressure drop of psi To determine the pressure drop for a given condition the following formula may be used P Q28S G Cy2 Where P Pressure drop across the valve in psi Q Flow through the valve in gpm S G Specific gravity of the liquid Water 1 0 Cv Flow coefficient See the solution of the following example problem For Cv values for specific valves contact customer service or consult the manu facturers catalog EXAMPLE Find the pressure drop across a 1 1 2 PVC ball check valve with a water flow rate of 50 gpm The Cv is 56 P 502 x 1 0 562 P 50 56 2 P 0 797 psi Hydraulic Shock Hydraulic shock is the term used to describe the momentary pres sure rise in a piping system which results when the liquid is started or stopped quickly This pressure rise is caused by the momentum of the fluid therefore the pressure rise increases with the veloc ity of the liquid the length of the system from the fluid source or with an increase in the speed with which it is started or stopped Examples of situations where hydraulic shock can occur are v
67. eave marks Thermoplastic materials are readily threaded without use of external lubricants However ordinary lubrication or cutting oil will be beneficial to the operation In a pipe threading machine water soluble oil or plain cold water is used Clearing of cuttings from the die is strongly recommended HEAT WELDING The most important and most versatile of welding methods is hot gas and air welding which in principle is similar to oxyacety lene welding of metals but with a difference in the technique involved Specialized welding equipment has been developed in which the pressure and the rate and area of heating are precisely controlled in order to provide strong tight bonds Welding rods are available in different sizes to suit the individual jobs Hot gas welding of thermoplastics is accomplished with a weld ing torch and tips or tools It is divided into three basic types of welding tack welding hand welding and high speed welding Each type requires different tips or high speed tools FUSION WELDING Industrial thermoplastics such as PVC PP PE and PVDF can be fusion welded using modern temperature and pressure controlled fusion equipment This relatively simple equipment is available to fuse PIPE and Tube products to 24 diameter SHEETS and Plates can also be fused using micro processor controlled fusion machines Weld efficiency when using modern equipment will develop weld strength of up to 98 of the unwelded parent
68. engths are over 20 or atmospheric temperature is over 90 F 4 through 8 size pipe 6 and 8 size pipe where atmospheric temperature is over 90 F 2 MEN FABCO PLASTICS as Two men do the priming and solvent welding while the third man is positioned at the end of the pipe in order to assist in pushing it into its fully bottomed position in the fitting socket Two men do the priming and apply the cement to the pipe surface while a third man does the same to the fitting socket The fourth man is positioned at the end of the pipe in order to assist in pushing it into its fully bottomed position in the fitting socket NOTE The need for an extra man when the temperature is over 90 F is necessary in order to quickly complete the solvent cement application and joining process before rapid evaporation of the ce ment s solvent causes it to prematurely set SOLVENT WELDING For joining recommendations see the section titled Solvent Welding instructions for PVC and CPVC Pressure Pipe Systems SNAKING OF PIPE After the PVC or CPVC pipe has been solvent welded it is advis able to snake the pipe according to the below recommendations beside the trench during its required drying time BE ESPECIAL LY CAREFUL NOT TO APPLY ANY STRESS THAT WILL DISTURB THE UNDRIED JOINT This snaking is necessary in order to allow for any anticipated thermal contraction that will take place in the newly joined pipeline
69. es 5 19 Hanna Multi Parameter Meter 5 20 Hanna pH ORP Free Total Chlorine Analyser 5 18 Hanna Pocket Testers 5 19 Hayward 4200 Cartridge Filters 6 20 Hayward Bus Control System 3 22 Hayward Duplex Basket Strainers 6 23 Hayward EAU Electric Actuator 3 24 Hayward EJM Reversing Actuator 3 24 Hayward EVR Electric Actuator 3 24 Hayward EVS EVT Electric Actuator 3 23 Hayward Filter Bags 6 12 Hayward FLT Series CartridGe Filters 6 5 Hayward PAD PAS Pneumatic Actuator 3 22 Hayward PCD PCS Pneumatic Actuators 3 23 Hayward PKD PKS Pneumatic Actuator 3 23 Hayward Plastic Y Strainers 6 21 Hayward PMD PMS Pneumatic Actuator 3 22 Hayward PP PVDFSimplex Bag Filter 6 19 Hayward PVC CPVC PP Duplex Bag Filter 6 19 Hayward PVC CPVC Simplex Bag Filter 6 18 Hayward Simplex Plastic Basket Strainers 6 22 Hayward Strainers Baskets 6 24 Hayward TB Series True Union Ball Valves 3 3 HDPE Insert Fittings 8 17 HDPE Pipe 2 9 HDPE Sheet 4 10 Headers 5 34 Heatflon Immersion Heating Panels 9 16 Heating Panels 9 16 Heavy Duty Tank Adapters 7 11 HF Thermoplastic Centrifugal Fans 9 18 9 20 High Density PE Sheet 4 10 High Pressure Lay Flat Discharge Hose 8 14 Hollow Balls 9 15 Horizontal Closed Top Tanks 7 7 Hose Abrasion Resistant 8 5 Hose Clamps 8 9 Hose Clear Braided 8 3 Hose Clear PVC 8 2 Hose Lay Flat 8 14 Hose PVC 8 5 Hose PVC Transfer 8 4 Hose Spa 8 1 HDPE Pipe 2 9 2 10 2 11 2 12 I Immersion Heating Panels 9 16
70. ey are also presented in a more convenient form to use Namely the units are inches of dimensional change per 10 F temperature change per 100 feet of pipe Expansion Coefficient m s The formula for calculating thermally induced dimensional change utilizing the convenient coefficient Y is dependent upon the temperature change to which the system may be exposed between the installation temperature and the greater differential to maximum or minimum temperature as well as the length of pipe run between directional changes or anchors points Also a handy chart is presented at the bottom of this column which approxi mates the dimensional change based on temperature change vs pipe length L Yx T T5 10 X L 100 L Dimensional change due to thermal expansion or contraction in Y Expansion coefficient See table above in 10 100 ft T1 T5 Temperature differential between the installation temperature and the maximum or minimum system temperature whichever provides the greatest differential F L Length of pipe run between changes in direction ft ieanco PLASTICS Engineering Data EXAMPLE I How much expansion can be expected in a 200 foot straight run of 3 inch PVC pipe that will be installed at 75 F when the piping system will be operated at a maximum of 120 F and a minimum of 40 F L 120 75 10 X 200 100 0 360 X 4 50 X 2 0 3 24 inches o o e 2
71. g Solutions Brass Photogr Note A rating for Electroless Plating only ieanco PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F CHEMICALS c AND 8 FORMULA t Z Z BEDESIEIEIES TEFLON EPDM BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER GRAY IRON ALLOY 20 STELLITE Potassium Alum ALK SO4 212H20 m Alum Sulphate Potassium Chlorate KCIO3 Aqueous KOH Potassium Iodide KI Potassium Nitrate KNO3 Potassium Perborate Potassium Perchlorate KCIO4 10 48 CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Potassium Per K28208 Potassium Sulfate K2804 g 8 v zm a 5 K2S Potassium Sulfite B z 8 Propyl Acetate C3H7OOCCH3 Propyl Alcohol CH3 2CH2OH n Propyl Bromide CH3CH2CH2Br Propylene Dichloride CH3CHCICH2CI g C6H3 OH 3 Pyrrole CHNH CH 2CH Quinone C6H402 Salicylaldehyde C6H4OHCHO alicy C6H4 OH COOH Selenic Acid H2Se04 Silicic Acid SIO2nH2O Silicone Oil Silver Cyanide AgCN Silver Nitrate AgNO3 Silver Sulfate Ag2SO4 Soaps 2 E gt gt a 1 e Sodium Acetate Nai 8 Sodium Alum AINa SO4 o Sodium Aluminate z f3 FABCO PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F FLUOROCARBON TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE ALUMINUM COPPER GRAY IRON ALLOY 20 STELLITE 300 B 140 to C C C C A A A A A A
72. here is no flow This height is the total head usually expressed as feet of head FLOW RATE Usually expressed in gallons per minute GPM for large volume pumps in gallons per hour GPH for small volume pumps DYNAMIC SEAL Seal located at the shaft end of the pump drive HECK VALVE Allows liquid to flow in one direction only Generally used in discharge line to prevent reverse flow DEAD HEAD Ability of a pump to continue running without dam age when discharge is closed off Only recommended with centrifu gal pumps DENSITY specific weight of a fluid Weight per unit volume often expressed as pounds per cubic foot or grams per cubic centi meter FLOODED SUCTION Liquid flows to pump inlet from an elevated source by means of gravity Recommended for centrifugal pump installations FLOW A measure of the liquid volume capacity of a pump Given in gallons per hour GPH gallons per minute GPM liters per minute I min or milliliters per minute ml min FLUIDS Include liquids gases and mixtures of liquids solids and gases For the purposes of this catalog the terms fluid and liquid are both used to mean a pure liquid or a liquid mixed with gases or solids that acts essentially like a liquid in pumping applications FOOT VALVE A type of check valve with a built in strainer Used at point of liquid intake to retain liquid in system preventing loss of prime when liquid source is lower than pump H
73. ical attack by most chemicals and solvents PTFE has a temperature rating of 20 F to 400 F in valve applications PTFE a self lubricating compound is used as a seat material in ball valves VITON is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company TEFLON is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company HYPALON is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company KYNAR is a registered trademark of the Pennwalt Company FLUOREL is a registered trademark of the 3M Company ieanco PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART PLASTICS AND ELASTOMERS AT MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE F METALS CHEMICALS AND FORMULA TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE FLUOROCARBON ALUMINUM COPPER BRONZE 85 Cu SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE GRAY IRON DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL 3 NI PLATED DUCTILE 400 SERIES S S ALLOY 20 Acetamide CH3CONH2 Acetic Acid CH3COOH Acetic Acid CH3COOH Acetic Acid CH3COOH Acetic Acid CHXCOOH Acetic Anhydride CH3CO 20 Acetone CH3COCH3 Acetophenone C6HSCOCH3 Acetyl Chloride CH3COCI Gas Acetylene HC CH Acetylnitrile Acrylic Acid H2C CHCOOH rT E UE sea fs Allyl Chloride CH2CHCH2CI Allyl Chloride CH2CHCH2CI CH2CHCH2CI our apr d i Ps felele Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate Alum AINH4 S04 212H20 Aluminum Chloride Aqueous AICI3S Chloride Aluminum Chloride Aqueous AICI3S AICI3 Aluminum Potassium Sulfate Alum AIK SO4 2 12H20
74. in is proportional to the applied stress the material is said to exhibit Hookean or ideal elasticity Elastomer a material which at room temperature can be stretched repeatedly to at least twice its original length and upon immediate release of the stress will return with force to its approximate original length Elevated temperature testing tests on plastic pipe above 23 73 F Environmental stress cracking cracks that develop when the material is subjected to stress in the presence of specific chemicals Extrusion a method whereby heated or unheated plastic forced through a shaping orifice becomes one continuously formed piece Note this method is commonly used to manufacture thermoplastic pipe Failure adhesive rupture of an adhesive bond such that the plane of separation appears to be at the adhesive adherend interface Fiber stress the unit stress usually in pounds per square inch psi in a piece of material that is subjected to an external load Filler a relatively inert material added to a plastic to modify its strength permeance working properties or other qualities or to lower costs Fungi resistances the ability of plastic pipe to withstand fungi growth and or their metabolic products under normal conditions of service or laboratory tests simulating such conditions Heat joining making a pipe joint by heating the edges of the parts to be joined so that they fuse and become essentially one pi
75. ion of the pipe in the threaded area Distortion of the pipe during the threading operation will result in eccentric threads non uniform circumferential thread depth or gouging and tearing of the pipe wall See the following Table for ap proximate plug O D dimensions r uw aQ These dimensions are based on the median wall thickness and average outside diameter for the respective pipe sizes Variations in wall thicknesses and O D dimensions may require alteration of the plug dimensions DO NOT THREAD SCHEDULE 40 PIPE Imperfect threads due to chamfer on die Taper of thread 1in 16 measured on diameter Use a die stock with a proper guide that is free of burrs or sharp edges so the die will start and go on square to the pipe axis ieanco PLASTICS Push straight down on the handle avoiding side pressure that might distort the sides of the threads If power thread ing equipment is used the dies should not be driven at high speeds or with heavy pressure Apply an external lubricant lib erally when cutting the threads Advance the die to the point where the thread dimensions are equal to those listed in Table No 1 Do not over thread 5 Periodically check the threads with a ring gauge to ensure that proper procedures are being followed Thread dimensions are listed in Table 1 and the gauging tolerance is 1 1 2 turns Brush threads clean of chips and ribbons Then starting with the second fu
76. ioning Contractors National Association SMACNA sponsored a physical testing program on both rectangular and round Type I Grade I PVC fabricated duct as well as a theoretical analysis of the test work Equations were developed for collapse pres sures of varying I D ratios I distance between reinforced stiffeners inches and D OD inches as well as for collapse of a very long tube Round duct sizes ranged from 18 O D to 48 O D with wall thick nesses of 137 to 282 Test values correlated within a 1096 range Fabco ran actual collapse tests on 4 sizes of extruded seamless duct from 6 through 12 with I D ratios exceeding 10 which confirmed the values calculated from the very long tube equation Note Collapse values for all sizes with ratios exceeding 10 approach values for a very long tube This graph can be utilized to determine reinforcement spacing distance for higher negative pressures than shown in the SMACNA publication 1 for the sizes and minimum wall thicknesses shown Example 16 duct at 20 water I D 4 1 16 x 4 64 between reinforcing stiffeners 1 Thermoplastic Duct PVC Construction Manual SMACNA PACo X4 PABCO t PLASTICS COLLAPSE PRESSURE PVC DUCT Graph II Calculated Collapse Pressure with Safety Factory of 5 FABCO Type I Grade I PVC Seamless Duct 70 75 F vs Nominal O D Wall EJ EHH
77. ity of fluid to pass through a standard orifice under standard conditions Viscous liquids tend to reduce the capac ity head and efficiency and increase the BHP Kinematic Viscosity in Centistokes Absolute Viscosity in centipoise Specific Gravity Centistrokes SSU 4 64 This is an approximation for Viscosities greater than 250 S S U The approximated performance for pumping fluids more viscous than water is determined from the following formula BHP vis Qui X X S G 3960 Ey ic HOW CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS WORK Liquid is supplied to the inlet at the center of the pump head Since centrifugal pumps are not self priming liquid must be supplied by gravity feed or the pump must be primed The spinning impeller propels the liquid outward by centrifugal force providing the motive force required to move the liquid The specially shaped volute re ceives the liquid and converts the radial motion to a smooth pulseless flow Easily adjust the flow rate by restricting the flow at the outlet CENTRIFUGAL PUMP TERMS IMPELLER A rotating vaned disck that provides the pumping force VOLUTE The body of the pump that is shaped to receive liquid from the inlet and direct it through the outlet FABCO PLASTICS xs LIQUID PUMP TERMINOLOGY HEAD The ability of a pump to push a column of water vertically in a pipe As the column lengthens the flow rate decreases until the column s weight just balances the pump s force and t
78. iven to temperature pressure and chemical concentrations before a final material can be selected Thermoplastics and elastomers physical characteristics are more sensitive to temperature than metals For this reason a rating chart has been developed for each MATERIAL RATING FOR THERMOPLASTICS amp ELASTOMERS Temp in F A rating maximum temperature which material is recommended resistant under normal conditions B to Temp in F Conditional resistance consult factory C Not recommended Blank No data available MATERIAL RATINGS FOR METALS A Recommended resistant under normal conditions B Conditional consult factory C Not recommended Blank No data available Temperature maximums for thermoplastics elastomers and metals should always fall within published temp pressure ratings for individual valves THERMOPLASTICS ARE NOT RECOMMENDED FOR COMPRESSED AIR OR GAS SERVICE This guide considers the resistance of the total valve assembly as well as the resistance of individual trim and fitting materials The rating assigned to the valve body plus trim combinations is always that of the least resistant part In the cases where the valve body is the least resistant there may be conditions under which the rate of cor rosion is slow enough and the mass of the body large enough to be usable for a period of time Such use should always be determined by test before installation of the component in a piping system In the se
79. lation of PVC or CPVC piping For additional information refer to the ASTM D2774 Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pres sure Piping INSPECTION Before installation all lengths of PVC or CPVC pipe and fittings should be thoroughly inspected for cuts scratches gouges buck ling kinking and any other imperfections such as splits on I D or ends of pipe due to impact which may have been imparted to the pipe during shipping unloading storing and stringing Any pipe or precoupled fittings containing harmful or even questionable defects should be removed by cutting out the damaged section as a complete cylinder TRENCHING The trench should be of adequate width to allow convenient instal lation of PVC or CPVC pipe at the same time being as narrow as possible The following trench sizes have been used with success However actual sizes may vary with terrain and specific applica tion Minimum trench widths may be utilized by joining pipe outside of the trench and lowering it into the trench after adequate joint strength has been obtained Trench widths will have to be wider where pipe is joined in the trench or where thermal expansion and contraction is a factor See section title Snaking of Pipe LIGHT TRAFFIC HEAVY TRAFFIC PIPE SIZE GROUND COVER GROUND COVER TRENCH WIDTH MINIMUM MINIMUM The trench bottom should be continuous relatively smooth and free of rocks Where ledge rock hardpan or boulders a
80. lection of a butterfly valve for use with a particular chemical the liner disc and stem must be resistant All three materials should carry a rating of A The body of a properly functioning butterfly valve is isolated from the chemicals being handled and need not carry the same rating ABS Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Class 4 2 2 conforming to ASTM D1788 is a time proven material The smooth inner surface and superior resistance to deposit formation makes ABS drain waste and vent material ideal for residential and commercial sanitary systems The residential DWV system can be exposed in service to a wide temperature span ABS DWV has proven satisfactory for use from 40 F to 180 F These temperature variations can occur due to ambient temperature or the discharge of hot liquids into the system ABS DWYV is very resistant to a wide variety of materials ranging from sewage to commercial house hold chemical formulations ABS DWYV is joined by solvent cementing or threading and can easily be connected to steel copper or cast iron through the use of transition fittings CPVC Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Class 23447 B formerly designated Type IV Grade 1 conforming to ASTM D 1784 has physical properties at 73 F similar to those of PVC and its chemical resistance is similar to or generally better than that of PVC CPVC with a design stress of 2000 psi and maximum service temperature of 210 F has proven to be an excellent
81. ll thread and continuing over the thread length wrap TFE Teflon thread tape in the direction of the threads Overlap each wrap by one half of the width of the tape FABCO does not recommend the use of any thread lubricant sealant other than TFE Teflon tape Thread the fitting onto the pipe and tighten by hand Using a strap wrench only further tighten the connection an additional one or two threads past hand tightness Avoid excessive torque as this may cause thread damage or fitting damage PRESSURE TESTING Threaded piping systems can be pressure tested up to 100 of the hydrostatic pressure rating as soon as the last connection is made CAUTION AIR OR COMPRESSED GAS IS NOT RECOM MENDED AND SHOULD NOT BE USED AS AMEDIA FOR PRESSURE TESTING OF PLASTIC PIPING SYSTEMS GENERAL UNDERGROUND INSTALLATION PROCEDURES FOR PVC AND CPVC SOLVENT WELDED PIPE SCOPE The general installation procedures detailed here apply to Polyvi nyl Chloride PVC and Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride CPVC pressure pipe that has solvent welded joints up through 8 in size These procedures are applicable for all liquids that are conveyed at pressures up to the maximum hydrostatic pressure rating of the pipe or of any component in the piping system whichever is low est Fabco Technical Services should be consulted for installation guidance and recommendation on all sizes of pipe 10 and above and where the installer has had no experience in the instal
82. lorinated solvents esters ketones aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrau lic fluids Neoprene has a moderate temperature range of 20 F to 160 F NITRILE NBR BUNA N is a general purpose oil resistant polymer known as nitrile rubber Nitrile is a copolymer of butadiene and acrylonitrile and has a moderate temperature range of 20 F to 180 F Nitrile has good solvent oil water and hydraulic fluid resistance It displays good compression set abrasion resistance and tensile strength Nitrile should not be used in highly polar solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone nor should it be used in chlorinated hydrocarbons ozone or nitro hydrocarbons FLUOROCARBON FKM VITON FLUOREL Fluoro carbon elastomers are inherently compatible with a broad spectrum of chemicals Because of this extensive chemical compatibility which spans considerable concentration and temperature ranges fluorocarbon elastomers have gained wide acceptance as a material of construction for butterfly valve O rings and seats Fluorocarbon elastomers can be used in most applications involving mineral acids salt solutions chlori nated hydrocarbons and petroleum oils They are particularly good in hydrocarbon service Fluorocarbon elastomers have one of the broadest temperature ranges of any of the elastomers 20 F to 300 F however are not suitable for steam service TEFLON PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene has outstanding resis tance to chem
83. main in the lift until ready for use Lifts should not be stacked more than three high and should always be stacked wood on wood Loose pipe should be stored on racks with a minimum support spacing of three feet Pipe should be shaded but not covered when stored outside in high ambient temperatures This will provide for free circulation of air and reduce the heat build up due to direct sunlight exposure Fittings Fittings should be stored in their original cartons to keep them free of dirt and reduce the possibility of damage If possible fittings should be stored indoors Solvent Cements and Primers Solvent cements have a defi nite shelf life and each can and carton is clearly marked with a date of manufacture Stock should be rotated to ensure that the oldest material is used first Primer does not have a shelf life but it is good practice to rotate this stock also Solvent cements and primers should be stored in a relatively cool shelter away from direct sun exposure CAUTION SOLVENT CEMENTS AND PRIMERS ARE COM POSED OF VARIOUS SOLVENTS AND REQUIRE SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR STORAGE BECAUSE OF THEIR FLAM MABILITY THEY MUST NOT BE EXPOSED TO IGNITION HEAT SPARKS OR OPEN FLAMES HANDLING 1 Pipeand Fittings Care should be exercised to avoid rough handling of thermoplastic pipe and fittings They should not be dragged over sharp projections dropped or have objects dropped upon them Pipe ends should be inspected for cracks resul
84. material for hot corrosive liquids hot and cold water distribution and similar applications above the temperature range of PVC CPVC is joined by solvent cementing threading or flanging P P Polypropylene PP Type 1 Polypropylene is a polyolefin which is lightweight and generally high in chemical resistance Al though Type 1 polypropylene conforming to ASTM D 2146 is slightly lower in physical properties compared to PVC it is chemically resistant to organic solvents as well as acids and alkalies Generally polypropyl ene should not be used in contact with strong oxidizing acids chlorinat ed hydrocarbons and aromatics With a design stress of 1000 psi at 73 F polypropylene has gained wide acceptance where its resistance to sulfur bearing compounds is particularly useful in salt water disposal lines crude oil piping and low pressure gas gathering systems Polypropylene has also proved to be an excellent material for laboratory and industrial drainage where mixtures of acids bases and solvents are involved Polypropylene is joined by the thermo seal fusion process threading or flanging At 180 F or when threaded P P should be used for drainage only at a pressure not exceeding 20 psi PVC Polyvinyl Chloride Class 12454 B formerly designated Type 1 Grade 1 PVC is the most frequently specified of all thermoplastic materials It has been used successfully for over 30 years in such areas as chemical processing industri
85. n order to determine the pressure rating for a product system first find the plastic material and schedule of pipe and fittings in the heading of the Maximum Non Shock Operating Pressure table below Then locate the selected joining method in the subheading of the table and go down the column to the value across from a particular pipe size listed in the far left column This will be the maximum non shock operating pressure at 73 F for the defined product system Maximum Non Shock Operating Pressure psi at 73 F Schedule 40 PVC Schedule 80 Schedule 80 amp CPVC PVC amp CPVC Polypropylene Schedule 80 PVDF Nom Thermo Thermo Pipe Socket Socket Threaded Seal Seal Size End End End Joint Threaded Joint T S EL Threaded 1 For more severe service an additional correction factor may be required 2 8 CPVC Tee 90 ELL and 45 ELL rated at 1 2 of value shown Pressure rating of 175 psi can be obtained by factory overwrapping with glass and polyester Consult Customer Service for delivery information 3 Recommended for intermittent drainage pressure not exceeding 20 psi N R Not Recommended Valves Unions and Flanges The maximum pressure rating for valves flanges and unions re gardless of size is 150 psi at 73 F As with all other thermoplastic piping components the maximum non shock operating pressure is related to temperature Above 100 F refer to the chart below Maximum Non Shock Operating Pressur
86. nediol HOCH2C CCH20H 10 36 2 AOTIALSVH ALITTALS ATLLONG G8IV Id IN NOIL IN THALS NOH3IVO NOI NONI AV3D ssvud ERATURE F EMP XIMUM a x m E D lt d m a z lt D lt AT MA cc I Lu 9 LLI cc lt Lu CHEMICALS AND FORMULA Cadmium Cyanide Ca HSO3 2 Calcium Chlor Calcium Hydroxide Ca OCI 2 Calcium Oxide CaO Carbitol Carbon Disulfide CS2 arbon Monoxide Carbon Tetrachloride Caustic Soda N Sodium Hydroxide Cellosolve Acetate CH3COOCH2CH20 Chloral Hydrate CCI3CH OH 2 e Content Calcium Sulfate CaS04 Chlorine Moistur Note Ratings are for body material only ieanco PLASTICS CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART ESO CHEMICALS AND FORMULA FLUOROCARBON SILICON BRONZE ALUMINUM BRONZE DUCTILE IRON CARBON STEEL NI PLATED DUCTILE 400 SERIES S S HASTELLOY C TEFLON BUNA N HYPALON NEOPRENE ALUMINUM COPPER GRAY IRON 3 NI IRON 17 4 PH ALLOY 20 MONEL STELLITE Chlorine Gas oem oem Chlorobenzyl Chloride CIC6HACH2CI loroform CHCI3 Dry Chloropicrin Chlorosulfoi Chromic Acid H2CrO4 Chromic Acid H2CrO4 Chromic Acid H2CrO4 Chromic Acid H2CrO4 Chromium Potassium Sulfate CrK SO4 2 12H20 Cocunut Oil Coke Oven Gas Copper Acetate Cu C2H302 2 H20 03 Copper Chloride CuCI2 Copper Fluoride Cu
87. ntrolled by regulating the nitrogen air flow to the welding gun or by regulating the distance from the tip of the welding gun to the work Too much heat will over melt the polypropylene material and cause it to splash Too little heat will result in incomplete fusion Lay three separate weld beads in the following manner for a full fillet weld A Pipe to fitting B Pipe to bead C Fitting to bead When terminating each weld bead the bead should be lapped on top of never along side itself for a distance of 3 8 to 1 2 insights to hot gas welding see REPAIRING THERMOPLASTIC PIPE JOINTS FLANGED JOINTS SCOPE Flanging is used extensively for plastic process lines that require periodic dismantling Plastic flanges are factory flanged valves and fittings in PVC CPVC PVDF and polypropylene are available in a full range of sizes and types for joining to pipe by solvent welding threading or socket fusion as in the case with polypropylene with PVDF Gasket seals between the flange faces should be an elastomeric full flat faced gasket with a hardness of 50 to 70 durometer FABCO can provide neoprene gaskets in the 1 2 through 12 range having an 1 8 thickness For chemical environments too aggressive for neoprene another resistant elastomer should be used When it is necessary to bolt plastic and metal flanges use flat face metal flanges not raised face and use recommended torques shown in table under INSTALLATION TIPS
88. on loss However most pump people use TDH interchangeably with TH Total Head Friction Head Is the heat loss experienced by the movement of the liquid through the suction and discharge lines Charts are available showing loss in feet of head at various flows through various pipe or hose sizes Charts also show velocity in feet sec which is particularly important when pumping liquids with solids in suspension Fittings valves etc must be considered IV NPSH Net Positive Suction Head is defined as head that causes liquid to flow through the suction line and enter the impeller eye This head comes from either atmospheric pressure or from a static suction head plus atmospheric pressure Two types of NPSH will be considered 1 Required NPSH Is a function of pump design It varies between different makes between different models and with ca pacity of any one pump This value is supplied by the manufac turer if available Refer to pump curves or contact the factory Available NPSH Is a function of the system in which pumps operate Can be calculated for any installation For a pump to operate properly available NPSH should be greater than the required NPSH plus 2 feet for safety factor at a desired head and capacity In simple terms available NPSH is calculated by deducting from barometric pressure in feet the static suction head or friction loss and the vapor pressure ft of liquid being pumped Velocity heads
89. or the welding gas to reach the proper temperature PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS CAUTION THE METAL BARREL OF THE WELDING TORCH HOUSES THE HEATING ELEMENT SO IT CAN ATTAIN EX TREMELY HIGH TEMPERATURES AVOID CONTACT WITH THE BARREL AND DO NOT ALLOW IT TO CONTACT ANY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS Since the starting point for a plastic weld is frequently the weakest part of the weld always terminate a weld by lapping the bead on top of itself for a distance of 3 8 to 1 2 inches Never terminate a bead by overlapping the bead side by side Place the leading end of the filler rod into the fillet formed by the junction of the pipe and fitting socket entrance Holding the filler rod at an angle of 90 to the joint for PVC CPVC and Kynar 75 to the joint for polypropylene pre heat the surfaces for the rod and base materials at the weld starting point by holding the welding torch steady at approximately 1 4 to 3 4 inches from the weld starting point and directing the hot gas in this area until the surfaces become tacky While preheating move the rod up and down slightly so that the rod slightly touches the base materials When the surfaces When welding large diameter pipe three weld passes may be become tacky the rod will stick to the base material required The first bead should be deposited at the bottom of the fillet and subsequent beads should be deposited on each side of the first bead When making
90. osphere 98 0665 kPa 1 pascal s 45 x 10 psi 1 02 x 10 kg cm 1 bar 10 Pa 100 kPa Symbols 60 Series Hot Tap Ph ORP Sensors 5 3 500 Series Combination Ph ORP Sensors 5 5 2200D Dissolved Oxygen Controller 5 10 2850 Conductivity Sensor 5 12 3200U Ultrasonic Flow Level Monitor 5 8 8760CLP Chlorine amp Ph Analyzer 5 6 A A 100N Peristaltic Pumps 6 28 A 1600 Flexflo amp Peristaltic Pumps 6 29 Acrylic Sheet 4 14 Actuated Valve 3 16 3 24 Am Series Hot Tap Ph ORP Sensors 5 4 Angle Valves 3 8 Aquametrix 60 Series Ph ORP Sensors 5 2 Aquametrix 2200P Controller 5 1 Aquametrix Shark 120 240 Controller 5 1 Aquametrix Shark Tx Txp Transmit 5 1 Autotherm Temperature Regulated Welding Gun 4 36 AVFM II Area Velocity Flow Level Monitor 5 9 B Bag Filters 6 18 Ball Check Valves Foot Valves 3 10 Basket Strainers 6 22 BCF Plus Fusion Machine 2 18 Black Hdpe And Nylon Insert Fittings 8 17 Bolted Flange Bulkhead Fittings 7 12 Bolted Flange Fittings 7 12 Buffer Solutions 5 20 Butterfly Valves 3 4 3 5 C C3 Series Chem Protm Diaphragm Pumps 6 31 C 600P Chem Feed Diaphragm Pumps 6 31 C 1100 Chem Feed Diaphragm Metering Pumps 6 29 C 1500N Chem Feed Diaphragm Metering Pumps 6 30 Calibrated Needle Valves 3 8 Calibration And Buffer Solutions 5 20 Cam Couplers 8 12 Cartridge Filters 6 20 Catalyst Support 9 13 Cement 1 21 Centrifugal Pumps 6 3 6 7 Check Valves 3 10 Chemical Resistance Chart For Sn
91. ount for the correct filler rod see Table No 1 on page 9 22 necessary to make one complete pass around the joint by wrapping the rod around the pipe to be welded Increase this length enough to allow for handling of the rod to the end of the pass Make about a 60 angular cut on the lead end of the filler rod This will make it easier to initiate melting and will insure fu sion of the rod and base material at the beginning of the weld Welding temperatures vary for different thermoplastic materi als 500 F 550 F for PVC and CPVC 550 F 600 F for PP 575 F 600 F for PVDF Welding temperatures can be adjusted for the various thermoplastic materials as well as any desired welding rate by adjusting the pressure regulator which controls the gas flow rate between 3 and 8 PSI CAUTION For welding guns which require compressed gas nitrogen is preferred when the compressed plant air system does not contain adequate drying and filtration Presence of moisture in the gas stream causes premature failure in the heater element of the welding gun Impurities in the gas stream particularly those in oil may oxidize the plastic polymer resulting in loss of strength Polypropylene is known to be affected in this manner With air or an inert gas flowing through the welding torch insert the electrical plug for the heating element into an ap propriate electrical socket to facilitate heating of the gas and wait approximately 7 minutes f
92. out one half the width of the pipe diameter to be jointed apply Purple Primer freely to the SOLVENT CEMENT APPLICATION inner fitting socket A rag is not recommended as repeated Before the primer dries use a second applicator see chart on contact with skin may cause irritation or blistering Keep the preceding page for specific recommendations to apply solvent ce surface wet by maintaining a brushing motion of the applicator ment in a 3 step process as follows over the entire surface for five to fifteen seconds Re dip ap 1 Cover the pipe liberally with solvent cement for a length at plicator as necessary but avoid puddling inside the fitting least equal to that of the fitting socket depth It is important not to be stingy with cement Apply primer to the pipe surface in the same manner making sure that the length of pipe evenly brushed is at least equal to the fitting socket depth Re apply primer to the fitting socket Alternate applications of Purple Primer start with the female component For checking penetration you should be able to scratch or scrape a few thousandths of the primed surfaces away Repeated ap plications to either or both surfaces may be necessary Weather conditions do affect priming action In cold weather more time is required for proper penetration NOTE The pipe ends can be rested on notched boards to keep them clean and for ease of solvent cement application Continuing with alternate surface application coat
93. pe with or without the addition of additional material Hoop stress the tensile stress usually in pounds per square inch psi in the circumferential orien tation in the wall of the pipe when the pipe contains a gas or liquid under pressure Hydrostatic design stress the estimated maximum tensile stress in the wall of the pipe in the circumferential orientation due to internal hydrostatic pressure that can be applied continuously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur Hydrostatic strength quick the hoop stress calculated by means of the ISO equation at which the pipe breaks due to an internal pressure build up usually within 60 to 90 seconds Long term burst the internal pressure at which a pipe or fitting will break due to a constant inter nal pressure held for 100 000 hours 11 43 years Impact Izod a specific type of impact test made with a pendulum type machine The specimens are molded or extruded with machined notch in the center See ASTM D256 ISO equation an equation showing the inter relations between stress pressure and dimensions in pipe namely S P ID t orS P OD t UX Where S stress P pressure ID average inside diameter OD average outside diameter 10 54 t minimum wall thickness Note a Reference ISO R161 1960 Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures Part I Metric Series Joint
94. pse for all sizes of pipe and drying temperatures before the jointis subjected to any appreciable internal or external pres sure on a full time basis FABCO x PLASTICS HANDLING During the initial setting of the cement which begins about two minutes after application on small sizes be careful not to move or disturb the Joint FABCO offers as a non liability supplier the following drying times as a guide in aiding the installer engineer owner or other decision making party in deciding at his own risk when the joints are sufficiently dry for movement handling low pressure initial joint testing application of high pressure tests and introduction of working pressure These drying times are based upon a combination of past field experience and laboratory tests PVC and CPVC Joint Movement Times MILD HOT WEATHER WEATHER 90 150 F 50 90 F Surface Surface Surface SIZE Temperature Temperature Temperature The temperatures above are drying temperatures and should not be confused with atmospheric joining temperatures recommendations and limitations See section on JOINT INTEGRITY COLD WEATHER NOMINAL 10 50 F PIPE PRESSURE TESTING CAUTION AIR OR COMPRESSED GAS IS NOT RECOM MENDED AS A MEDIA FOR PRESSURE TESTING OF PLAS TIC PIPING SYSTEMS 1 Initial Joint Testing Initial joint testing of PVC and CPVC pipe could possibly be accomplished to 10 of its hydrostatic pressure rating afte
95. r exposure to high temperatures Artificial weathering the exposure of plastics to cystic laboratory conditions involving changes in temperature relative humidity and ultraviolet radiant energy with or without direct water spray in an attempt to produce changes in the materials similar to those observed after long term continuous outdoor exposure Note The laboratory exposure conditions are usually intensified beyond those encountered in actual outdoor exposure in an attempt to achieve an accelerated effect This definition does not involve exposure to special conditions such as ozone salt spray industrial gases etc Bell end the enlarged portion of a pipe that resembles the socket portion of a fitting and that is intended to be used to make a joint by inserting a piece of pipe into it Joining may be accomplished by solvent cements adhesives or mechanical techniques Beam loading the application of a load to a pipe between two points of support usually expressed in pounds and the distance between the centers of the supports Burst strength the internal pressure required to break a pipe or fitting This pressure will vary with the rate of build up of the pressure and the time during which the pressure is held Cement see adhesive and solvent cement Chemical resistance 1 The effect of specific chemicals on the properties of plastic piping with respect to concentrations temperature and time of exposure 2 The ability of
96. r residual processing stresses with lower impact strength than unreinforced plastics and are thus particularly susceptible to cracking Where possible these should be heated to about 120 C before drilling or sawing heating time approximately 1 hour per 10 mm cross section This procedure is also recommended in the case of polyamide 6 6 4 Sawing Unnecessary generation of heat by friction is to be avoided since sawing is generally used to cut off thickwalled parts with relatively thin tools Well sharpened and heavily crossed sawblades are therefore advised Note The information is only to assist and advise you on current techni cal knowledge and is given without obligation or liability All trade and patent rights should be observed All rights reserved Figure 4 a Figure 2 Profile prevents remaining stump 10 4 51 Surjno Jezo prey os Jovem ond osn Aquo Sui ooo ping 10 oseo oy UT 1 Sur Lip 910194 09 9 1891914 19 8 ond osn Aquo SUI OOD ping Jo 9589 oy UT Es ale en saat SUIMeS 1 ZUP 910194 AOVT 1291914 SUIMeS 10 SUPP 910194 4 0pc 1891914 SUIMeS 1 Sur Lip 910194 OF 1091914 uw uw Jovem nd osn Aquo Sui ooo ping 10 oseo oy UT I9j A ond osn Aquo Sui ooo ping 10 9589 ou UT 991 01 ZI Apu Sonse d FUNDU Idu poo1ojureq
97. r the below drying times MILD HOT WEATHER WEATHER 90 150 F 50 90 F PIPE Surface Surface Surface SIZE Temperature Temperature Temperature PVC and CPVC Joint Drying Times at 10 Pressure Testing The temperatures above are drying temperatures and should not be confused with atmospheric joining temperature recommenda tions and limitations See section on JOINT INTEGRITY COLD WEATHER NOMINAL 10 50 F l 0 just prior to joining Such evaporation will cause the cement to ieanco PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS High Pressure Testing The PVC and CPVC pipe can be pressure tested up to 100 of its hydrostatic pressure rating after drying times listed in the table which follows MILD HOT WEATHER WEATHER 90 150 F 50 90 F Surface Surface Tempera Temperature ture COLD WEATHER 10 50 F Surface Temperature NOMINAL PIPE SIZE e om om en 10 12 PVC and CPVC Joint Drying Times for 100 Pressure Testing The temperatures above are drying temperatures and should not be confused with atmospheric joining temperature recommendations and limitations See section on JOINT INTEG RITY 3 Full Time Working Pressure PVC and CP VC joints may be introduced to maximum working pressure on a full time basis after approximately four times the drying time shown above for 100 pressure testing DO S AND DON TS Do Use the proper applicator See chart for
98. r thermal expansion Machining Operations 1 Turning Guide values for cutting tool geometry are given in the table For par ticularly high quality surface finishes the tip is to be shaped as a broad nosed finishing tool as shown in Figure 1 For cutting off the tool should be ground to the profile shown in Figure 2 so as to avoid a remaining stump On thin walled and particularly flexible workpieces on the other hand it is better to work with tools that are ground to a knife like cutting geom etry Figures 3 and 4 Figure 3 1 Finishing tip 2 Turning tool 2 Milling For plane surfaces face milling is more economical than peripheral mill ing For perpheral milling and profiling the cutting tools should not have more than two cutting edges so that vibrations due to the number of teeth are kept to a minimum and chip widths are sufficiently large Optimum removal rates and surface finish are obtained with single point tools 3 Drilling and boring As a general rule it is possible to use twist drills these should have an angle of twist of 12 16 and very smooth helical flutes for good chip removal Larger diameters should be rough drilled or produced by tre panning or internal turning On drilling into solid material care must be taken to ensure that the tools are properly sharpened otherwise the developing compressive strain can build up and cause the material to split Reinforced plastics possess highe
99. range Electric Model NA This tool which is electrically heated and thermostatically controlled is used to join polypropylene and PVDF pipe and valves and fittings in sizes 1 2 through 2 This unit operates on 110 VAC 6 7 amps 800 watts electri cally and is fitted with ground wires Electric Model NB This tool is also electrically heated and thermostatically controlled and is used to join polypropylene pipe and fittings in sizes 1 2 through 4 This unit operates on 110 VAC 1 38 amps 1650 watts electrically and is fitted with ground wires CAUTION SOCKET FUSION AND FILLET WELDING INVOLVE TEMPERATURES IN EXCESS OF 540 F SEVERE BURNS CAN RESULT FROM CONTACTING EQUIPMENT OR MOLTEN PLASTIC MATERIAL AT OR NEAR THESE TEMPERATURES PREPARATION FOR JOINING 1 Cutting Polypropylene or PVDF can be easily cut with a power or hand saw circular or band saw For best results use the fine toothed blades 16 18 teeth per inch A circumferential speed of about 6 000 ft min is suitable for circular saws band saw speed should be approximately 3 000 ft min Carbide tipped blades are prefer able when large quantities of pipe are to be cut It is important that the pipe ends be cut square To ensure square end cuts a miter box hold down or jig must be used Pipe or tubing cutters can also be used to produce square clean cuts however the cutting wheel should be specifically designed for plastic 2 Deburring and Beveling
100. rated compounds the vinyl chloride being in greatest amount by weight Weld orKnit line a mark on a molded plastic formed by the union of two or more streams of plastic flowing together ABBREVIATIONS ASA American Standards Association ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials CPVC Chlorinated Poly Vinyl Chloride plastic or resin IAPMO International Association of Plumbing and Technical Officials ISO International Standards Organization NSF National Sanitation Foundation PP Polyproylene plastic or resin PPI Plastic Pipe Institute PS Product Standard when references to a specification for plastic pipe and fittings These specifications are promulgated by the U S Department of Commerce and were formerly known as Commercial Standards PSI pounds per square inch PVC Poly Vinyl Chloride plastic or resin SPI The Society of the Plastics Industry Inc FABCO PLASTICS xs COLLAPSE PRESSURE PVC DUCT Graph I Calculated Collapse Pressures with Safety Factor of 5 FABCO Type I Grade I PVC Seamless Duct minimum wall 70 75 F vs Length of Span Nominal O D 18 000 x amp 24 000 x Collapse Pressure Inches Water The Sheet Metal amp Air Condit
101. re and the maximum or minimum system temperature whichever provides the greatest differential Modulus of Elasticity Ses 100 F 140 F 180 F 210 F 250 F N A Not Applicable The magnitude of the resulting longitudinal force can be deter mined by multiplying the thermally induced stress by the cross sectional area of the plastic pipe F St xA F FORCE lbs St STRESS psi A CROSS SECTIONAL AREA in EXAMPLE 2 What would be the amount of force developed in 2 Schedule 80 PVC pipe with the pipe rigidly held and restricted at both ends Assume the temperature extremes are from 70 F to 100 F EC Tj T S EC 100 70 S 3 60 x 105 x 3 0 x 10 5 30 St 324 psi The Outside and Inside Diameters of the pipe are used for cal culating the Cross Sectional Area A as follows See the Pipe Reference Table for the pipe diameters and cross sectional area for specific sizes of schedule 80 Pipes n 4 OD2 ID2 3 1416 4 2 3752 1 9132 1 556 in 2 The force exerted by the 2 pipe which has been restrained is simply the compressive stress multiplied over the cross sectional area of that pipe F St xA F 324 psi x 1 556 in 2 F 504 lbs Managing Expansion Contraction in System Design Stresses and forces which result from thermal expansion and contraction can be reduced or eliminated by providing for flexibil ity in the piping system through frequent changes in direction or int
102. re encoun tered it is advisable to pad the trench bottom using a minimum of four 4 inches of tamped earth or sand beneath the pipe as a cushion and for protection of the pipe from damage Sufficient cover must be maintained to keep external stress levels below acceptable design stress Reliability and safety of service may assume major importance in determining minimum cover Local provincial and national codes may also govern Pipe intended for water service should be buried at least 12 below the maximum expected frost penetration SIZE OF JOINING CREW Field practice has shown that the size of the joining crew will depend upon a number of variables such as size and length of the pipe the atmospheric temperature construction conditions con struction time element amount of pipe to be layed construction workers experience in laying PVC or CPVC pipe etc Although it is possible for one man to join the smaller sizes of pipe 2 and under by himself it is not necessarily practical to do so There fore the crew sizes presented here are intended as a guide for those PVC or CPVC pipe users who have not had a great deal of experience in the installation of such buried pipe 1 MAN Size Pipe 1 1 4 and under Size Pipe 1 1 2 and 2 maximum 207 lengths 1 1 2 and 2 where lengths are over 20 or atmospheric temperature is over 90 F 2 1 2 and 3 pipe in maximum lengths of 20 2 1 2 and 3 pipe where l
103. ress Maximum Operating Temperature psi The three formulae on this page provide for the maximum bend in pipe while the pipe operates at maximum long term internal pressure creating maximum allowable hydrostatic design stress tensile stress in the hoop direction Accordingly the maximum allowable bending stress will be one half the basic hydraulic design stress at 73 F with correction to the maximum operating temperature The modulus of elasticity corrected for temperature may be found in the table in the second column of the preceding page ieanco PLASTICS Engineering Data EXAMPLE 5 PVC Schedule 80 BENDE ATAA AA L AMA AAA What would be the minimum cold radius bend which the installer could place at the anchored end of the 200 ft straight run of pipe in Examples and 3 when the maximum operating temperature is 100 F instead of 140 F RB 3 500 0 6999 x 360 000 1 2 x 2000 x 0 62 0 5 1 420 8 in or 118 4 ft Temperature F PIPE SUPPORT SPACING Correct supporting of a piping system is essential to prevent 5 excessive bending stress and to limit pipe sag to an acceptable support apecing Feet amount Horizontal pipe should be supported on uniform centers which are determined for pipe size schedule temperature loading CPVC Schedule 80 and material SSSR TRE p ANN SSS Point support must not be used for thermoplastic piping and in general the wider
104. ressure can withstand 100 psi more external pressure than a pipe with zero psi internal pressure For temperatures other than 73 F multiply the values in the chart by the correction factors listed in the tempera ture correction table on the preceding page The chart also applies to a vacuum The external pressure is generally atmospheric pres sure or 0 0 psig while the internal pressure is normally identified as a vacuum or negative gauge pressure However this negative value will never exceed 14 7 psig Therefore if the allowable pressure listed in the chart after temperature correction is greater than the difference for internal to external pressure the plastic system is viable EJESESEESE Size PVC PVC CPVC PP PVDF Fs e 3 39 s Pressure Losses in a Piping System Piping Calculations As a fluid flows through a piping system it will experience a head loss depending on among other factors fluid velocity pipe wall smoothness and internal pipe surface area The Tables on pages 9 and 10 give Friction Loss and Velocity data for Schedule 40 and Schedule 80 thermoplastic pipe based on the Williams and Hazen formula H 0 2083 x 100 C 852 x q1 852 q4 8655 Where H Friction Head Loss in Feet of Water 100 Feet of Pipe C Surface Roughness Constant 150 for all thermoplastic pipe q Fluid Flow gallons min d Inside Diameter of Pipe Fittings and valves due to their more complex configurations
105. returned for credit or exchange when the error is not ours providing such goods that are returned are in new and saleable condition are returned on a prepaid basis and the returned goods do not exceed ten percent of the original ordered quantities Goods returned without the RG authorization will be refused Any custom fabricated hand fabricated or specially ordered products are non returnable NOTICE TO BUYER INFORMATION FABCO will endeavour to furnish such advice as it may be able to supply with reference to the use by buyer of any materials purchased but FABCO makes no guarantees and assumes no obligation or liability for the advice given verbally or in print or the results obtained Buyer assumes all risk and liability which may result from the use of any material whether used singly or in combination with other products No suggestion for product use shall be construed as a recommendation for its use in infringe ment on any existing patent PRODUCT WARRANTY All products not manufactured by FABCO carry the original manufacturer s warranty Copies are available on request All products manufactured by FABCO will be free of defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from ship ment from FABCO If found to be defective by us we will repair or replace the nonconforming parts or goods at our option or return the purchase price at our option Notice of a defective product must be given to FABCO in writing immediately
106. rface melting because plastics unlike metal must never be puddled Therefore the re sulting weld is not as strong as the parent pipe and fitting material This being the case fillet welding as a repair technique is recom mended for minor leaks only It is not recommended as a primary joining technique for pressure rated systems WELDING TOOLS AND MATERIALS Plastic welding gun with pressure regulator gauge and hose Filler rod Emery cloth Cotton rags Cutting pliers Hand grinder optional Compressed air supply of bottled nitrogen Source of compressed air WELD AREA PREPARATION Wipe all dirt oil and moisture from the joint area A very mild solvent may be necessary to remove oil CAUTION MAKE SURE THAT ALL LIQUID HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THE PORTION OF THE PIPING SYSTEM WHERE THE WELD IS TO BE MADE ieanco PLASTICS INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS If the weld is to repair a leaking solvent cemented joint all re sidual cement which is easily scorched during welding must be removed from the fillet by using emery cloth If the weld is to seal a threaded joint a file can be used to remove threads in the weld area in order to provide a smooth surface WELDING FAULTY JOINTS 1 Remove residual solvent cement from the weld area using emery cloth When welding threaded joints a file can be used to remove threads in the weld area 2 Wipe the weld area clean of dust dirt and moisture Determine the am
107. ridges 6 13 Penguin Series PES Penductor Systems 6 25 Penguin Series PS Filter Sleeves 6 12 Penguin Sm In Tank Filtration Systems 6 16 Penguin SR Precious Metal Recovery System 6 14 Penguin VF In Tank Filtration Systems 6 17 Perforated Sheet 4 16 PE Tubing 8 6 Ph Controllers 5 18 Ph Probe 5 2 Ph Probes 5 11 5 19 Pipe Acid Waste 2 5 2 7 Pipe Core Sampling 2 13 Pipe CPVC 1 15 Pipe Dual Containment 2 8 Pipe Fuseal 2 5 2 6 2 7 Pipe Gas Vent 2 1 INDEX Pipe LXT 2 2 Pipe PP 1 25 Pipe PROGEF PP 2 14 Pipe PVC 6 Pipe PVC 1 1 Pipe PVC S40 6 Pipe PVC White 1 9 Pipe PVDF 1 28 Pipe SDR 1 20 Pipe SYGEF PVDF 2 16 Plastic Bolts Nuts And Washers 4 39 Plastic Fans 9 18 9 20 Plastic Fans 9 18 Plastic Liner Core Sampling Pipe 2 13 Plastic Packing 9 10 9 11 Plastic Rings 9 12 Plastic Saddles 9 12 Plexiglas Sheet 4 14 Pocket Testers 5 19 Polycarbonate Sheet 4 14 Pool And Spa Hose 8 1 PP Cam Coupler Fittings 8 12 PP Fittings 1 26 1 27 PP Pipe 1 25 PP Sheet 4 8 PP Sheet Copolymer 4 9 PP Tubing 8 7 PP Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 8 Precious Metal Recovery System 6 14 Pressure By Pass Valves 3 12 Pressure Gauges 6 9 Pressure Regulators 3 12 Pressure Relief Valves 3 12 Pressure Sensors 5 13 Pressure TransMitter 5 12 Pressure Valves 3 12 Primer 1 21 Probe ORP 5 2 Probe pH 5 2 Probes ORP 5 11 Probes pH 5 11 Probes pH 5 19 PROGEF Natural PP Piping System 2 15 PROGEF STD Be
108. roduction of loops as graphically depicted on this page FABCO PLASTICS xs Engineering Data Normally piping systems are designed with sufficient directional changes which provide inherent flexibility to compensate for ex pansion and contraction To determine if adequate flexibility exists in leg R see Fig 1 to accommodate the expected expansion and contraction in the adjacent leg L use the following formula R 2 877ND L SINGLE OFFSET FORMULA Where R Length of opposite leg to be flexed ft D Actual outside diameter of pipe in L Dimensional change in adjacent leg due to thermal expansion or contraction in Keep in mind the fact that both pipe legs will expand and contract Therefore the shortest leg must be selected for the adequacy test when analyzing inherent flexibility in naturally occurring offsets EXAMPLE 3 What would the minimum length of a right angle leg need to be in order to compensate for the expansion if it were located at the unanchored end of the 200 ft run of pipe in Example 1 from the previous page R 2 877N3 500 x 3 24 9 69 ft Flexibility must be designed into a piping system through the introduction of flexural offsets in the following situations 1 Where straight runs of pipe are long 2 Where the ends of a straight run are restricted from movement 3 Where the system is restrained at branches and or turns Several examples of methods for providing flexibility
109. ructions completely PREPARATION FOR JOINING 1 Cutting Plastic pipe can be easily cut with a power or hand saw circular or band saw For best results use fine toothed blade 16 18 teeth per inch with little or no set maximum 0 025 inch A circumferential speed of about 6 000 ft min is suitable for circular saws band saw speed should be approxi mately 3 000 ft min Carbide tipped blades are preferable when quantities of pipe are to be cut To ensure square end cuts a miter box holddown or jig should be used Pipe or tubing cutters can be used for smaller diameter pipe when the cutting wheel is specifically designed for plastic pipe Deburring and Beveling All burrs chips filings etc should be removed from both the pipe I D and O D before joining Use a knife deburring tool or half round coarse file to remove all burrs All pipe ends should be beveled to ap proximately the dimensions shown below for ease of socket ing and to minimize the chances of wiping the solvent cement for the I D ofthe fitting as the pipe is socketed ier to 3 527 gt 10 y 07 The beveling can be done with a coarse file or a beveling tool Fitting Preparation Prior to solvent welding all fittings and couplings should be removed from their cartons and exposed for at least one hour to the same temperature conditions as the pipe in order to assure that they are thermally balanced before joining Cleaning Using a
110. s are to be drilled in the fabrication at hand the drill should be reground to a negative rake and the lip angle increased for 59 to 70 The mar gin on the drill should be smooth and highly polished to reduce friction Drilling speeds should be reduced 50 to 150 rpm is a safe range with 120 rpm being optimum Very slow feeds should be used 10 3 4 PABCO PLASTICS Guidelines For Processing and Machining Plastics General Remarks Non reinforced thermoplastics can be machined with cutting tools of highspeed steel For reinforced materials hard metal tools are required In all cases only properly sharpened tools are to be used Due to the poor thermal conductivity of plastics provision has to be made for good heat dissipation Heat is best dissipated via the chips Dimensional Stability Dimensional stability of parts is conditional on stress relieved semi finished materials which have to be annealed The heat gener ated by the cutting tool otherwise inevitably leads to the release of processing stresses and deformation of the part In the case of high material removal volumes intermediate heating may be necessary after the main machining operation so as to remove the arising thermal stresses Materials with high moisture absorption e g polyamides may require conditioning before machining Plastics require larger finishing tolerances than metals Further more allowance has to be made for the many times greate
111. s premature failure in the heater element of the welding gun Impurities in the gas stream particularly those in oil may oxidize the plastic polymer resulting in loss of strength Polypropylene is known to be affected in this manner 1 Insert pipe fully and squarely into the fitting after removing all dirt oil moisture and loose particles of plastic material from the welding surfaces by wiping with a clean cotton cloth 2 Adjust the nitrogen air pressure between approximately 3 and 8 psi and further adjust the pressure as necessary to control both temperature and rate of welding NOTE Tacking required prior to welding 6 polypropylene joints require a slip fit Therefore they must be dry fitted and tack welded to prevent movement of the pipe and fitting prior to the application of welding rod Special welding gun tips are required for tacking A low strength bond is accomplished by pulling the heated tacking tip along while directly in contact with the interface of pipe and fit ting at an angle of 75 to 80 Initially joints are tack fused at four intervals Then at least one complete revolution around the joint is made to provide a uniform groove for subsequent rod welding 3 Holding the polypropylene welding rod at an angle of 75 to the joint and while maintaining pressure on the rod apply heat uni formly to the rod and the pipe and fitting with an arching motion of the welding torch The degree of heating can be co
112. sheet there is likely to be concentrated heat build up in the saw blades To allow for this the blade used should be selected in accordance with the gauge of the material The saw blade for cutting thicker materials should be heavier and should be hollow ground The saw should make a slicing cut in the material to do this the teeth should have negative rake with little or no set The rate of feed should be very slow The blade of a circular saw should just show through the material If it extends too far through it will increase the heat build up by increasing friction In cutting polyethylene and polypropylene on a circular saw the saw blade required is different from that used in cutting PVC PE and PP do not require a hollow ground blade and are cut by a well set saw blade Shears can be used for cutting of light gauge thermoplastic sheets All shearing should be accomplished at room temperature A cold sheet will crack or shatter A 1 8 in sheet of Type 1 PVC can be sheared easily Heavier gauge Type 1 PVC will tend to cut off square and also show stress marks Type 2 PVC PP PE and modified high impact PVC shear better and to a higher gauge than Type 1 PVC In drilling plastics the same problems are experienced as in drilling metal The non conduct ing characteristics of the material and the heat concentration in the tool must be allowed for This is accomplished by grinding the drill differently than for drilling metals If the hole
113. sket 6 22 Strainers Y 6 21 Super C Compact Ball Valves 3 6 Swing Check Valves 3 11 SYGEF PLUS PVDF Piping System 2 17 SYGEF STD PVDF Piping System 2 16 Fi PABCO PLASTICS T Tank Adapters 7 11 Tank Adaptersd 7 11 Tank Fittings And Adapters 7 11 Tank Resin Selection Guide 7 10 Tanks Closed Top 7 5 7 7 Tanks Conical Bottom 7 8 Tanks Containment 7 6 Tanks Open Top 7 1 Tanks Rectangular 7 3 Tapping Saddles 1 23 Temperature Sensor 5 13 Temperature Transmitters 5 13 Thermoplastic Centrifugal Fans 9 18 Three Way Ball Valves 3 7 Tiger Flex Pool And Spa Hose 8 1 Tracstar 630 Fusion Machine 2 20 Transferlox Plastic Saddles 9 12 Transferpack Plastic Rings 9 12 Transition Unions 1 23 Tri Packs Plastic Packing 9 10 9 11 Trueseal Thermoplastic Tube Fittings 8 16 Tube Fittings 8 16 True Union Ball Valves 3 1 3 3 Tube Fittings 8 15 8 16 Tubing PE 8 6 Tubing PP 8 7 Tubing Specialty 8 8 Type 343 Horizontal Three Way Ball Valves 3 7 Type 343 Vertical Three Way Ball Valves 3 7 U UHMW Rod 4 19 UHMW Sheet 4 12 Ultra High Molecular Weight UHMW Sheet 4 12 Uni Spray Headers 5 34 Uni Spray Nozzles 5 35 Uni Spray Risers 5 34 Uni Spray Riser Supports 5 34 Universal Ball Dome Fittings 7 12 V Valves 3 1 3 3 3 8 Valves Actuated 3 16 Valves Butterfly 3 4 3 5 Valves Check 3 10 Valves Gate 3 9 Valves Globe 3 9 Valves LXT 2 4 INDEX Valves Pressure 3 12
114. t in which case the pipe must be rotated to ensure uniform heating over the entire pipe surface in the area of the bend or the pipe may be immersed in hot oil An open flame should never be used Heating times will range from approximately one to five minutes or until it becomes soft and pliable enough to bend depending upon pipe size and type of heat source To maintain the cross sectional area of the I D of the pipe in the area of the bend it must be supported during the bending operations There are three suggested methods for supporting the pipe a The I D can be supported by filling with preheated sand and plugging both ends b A heated reinforcing spring can be placed inside the pipe after it has been heated to a soft pliable condition The spring should be made with 3 32 diameter wire and the O D of the spring should be slightly less than the nominal I D of the pipe to be bent Springs can be custom made by any local spring manufacturer c When the pipe becomes soft and pliable it can be placed in a forming jig or form and bent as quickly as possible to prevent weakening or deforming of the pipe The minimum radius to which a bend should be made mea sured from the inner edge of the curve should be 8 pipe di ameters for 3 4 pipe size and below and 6 pipe diameters for larger pipe The initial forming bend will have to be slightly greater to allow for spring back The bend should be kept in the bent form until the
115. t of the fitting Hold the complet ed joint in place and avoid relative movement between components for at least 15 seconds 6 Once a Joint has been completed the clamp can be removed and preparation for the next joint can be started N 7 The surfaces of the female and male tool pieces are Teflon coated to prevent sticking of the hot plastic It is important that the tool pieces be kept as clean as possible Any residue left on the tool pieces should be removed immediately by wiping with a cot ton cloth CAUTION HOT PLASTIC MATERIAL CAN CAUSE SEVERE BURNS AVOID CONTACT WITH IT Procedures for making good socket fusion joints can be summa rized into five basic principles as follows 1 The tool must be operated at the proper temperature 2 The pipe end must be beveled 3 The fitting must be slipped squarely onto the male tool while the pipe is simultaneously inserted into the female tool 4 The fitting and pipe must not remain on the heat tool for an excessive period of time Recommended heating times must be followed 5 The pipe must be inserted squarely into the fitting socket imme diately after removal from the heated tools 6 The Thermo Seal tool must be kept clean at all times PRESSURE TESTING The strength of a socket fusion joint develops as the material in the bonded area cools One hour after the final joint is made a socket fusion piping system can be pressure tested up to 100 of its hydrostatic pressure r
116. ta PP Piping System 2 14 Pultruded Grating 4 24 Pumps Centrifugal 6 7 Pumps Centrifugal 6 3 Pump Selection Guiide 6 32 Pumps Mag Drive 6 4 Pumps Mag Drive 6 8 Pumps Metering 6 27 Pumps Vertical Immersible 6 1 PVC And CPVC S80 Expansion Joints 1 24 PVC And CPVC Shapes 4 20 PVC Chemcock Valves 3 8 PVC Fittings 1 2 1 5 PVC Fittings Clear 1 13 PVC Fittings Gray 1 7 PVC Fittings Metric 1 14 PVC Fittings White 1 10 PVC Gate Valves 3 9 PVC Globe Valves 3 9 PVC Hose Insert Fittings 8 11 PVC Pipe 1 1 1 6 PVC Pipe Clear 1 12 PVC Pipe Sdr 1 20 PVC Rod 4 18 PVC SDR Pressure Pipe 1 20 PVC Sheet 4 1 PVC Sheet Clear 4 5 PVC Ventillation Duct Fittings 9 2 9 2 9 3 PVC Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 1 9 4 9 5 PVDF Fittings 1 29 1 30 PVDF Natural Sheet 4 16 PVDF Pipe 1 28 PVDF Schedule 80 Pipe 1 28 R Rectangular Tanks 7 3 Red PVDF Fittings 1 29 Ring Packing 9 12 Rings 9 12 Risers 5 34 Riser Supports 5 34 Rod Other 4 19 Rod PVC 4 18 Rod UHMW 4 18 Rod Welding 4 13 S Saddles 1 23 9 12 Saddles Packing 9 12 Safplate Fiberglass Gritted Plate 4 29 Safrail Fiberglass Ladders 4 30 Safrail Industrial Fiberglass Handrails 4 29 Schedule 40 Clear PVC Fitting 1 13 Schedule 80 Pipe 1 1 Self Aligning Ball Dome Fitting 7 12 Series E Instrument Grade Pe Tubing 8 6 Series K7130 Heavy Wall PVC Transfer Hose 8 4 Series K7160 Standard Wall PVC Hose 8 4 Series UBK Abrasion Resistant P
117. teeth per in and little or no set maximum 0 025 in THREADING Thermoplastic pipe rod and shapes can easily be threaded using either standard hand pipe stocks or power operated equipment For optimum results in threading use of new taps and dies is recommended but in any case they should be clean and sharp and maintained in good condition Power threading machines should be fitted with dies having 5 negative front rake and ground espe cially for this application tapered guide sleeves are not required For hand stocks the dies should have a negative front rake angle of 5 to 10 Dies which have been designed for use on brass or copper pipe may be successfully used Carboloy dies give longer service Taps should be ground with a 0 to 10 negative rake depending upon the size and pitch of the thread Die chasers should have a 33 chamfer on the lead a 10 front or negative rake and a 5 rake on the back of relief edge Self opening die heads and col lapsable taps power threading machines and a slight chamfer to lead the tap or dies will speed production however taps and dies should not be driven at high speeds or with heavy pressure A tapered plug should be inserted into tubular ends when thread ing to hold the pipe round and to prevent the die from distorting or digging into the pipe wall This insures uniform circumfer ential depth of threads Pipe for threading should be held in a pipe vice since sawtooth jaws will l
118. terials Cutting Tool Rags nonsynthetic ie cotton Deburring Tool Cement and Primer Applicators Applicator Can or Bucket Purple Primer P 70 Solvent Cement 705 707 711 717 719 714 Tool Tray Notched Boards TYPES OF CEMENT AND PRIMER 1 FABCO WELD ON Light Duty Industrial Grade PVC Solvent Cement 705 is for use with Schedule 40 DWV and Class SDR rated piping through 6 2 FABCO WELD ON Heavy Duty Gray Industrial Grade PVC Solvent Cement 711 is for use with Schedule 80 piping through 6 The gap filling high viscous formulation may also be used for Schedule 40 drainage conduit and all Class SDR rated piping through 6 3 FABCO WELD ON Extra Heavy Duty Gray Industrial Grade PVC Solvent 717 719 Cement is for use with all PVC piping especially 6 and larger When applied the very heavy bodied formulation maintains a generous coating with minimum change in thickness over the entire pipe circumference 4 FABCO WELD ON Heavy Duty Light Gray Industrial Grade 714 CPVC Solvent Cement is for use with all sizes of Schedule 40 and 80 CPVC piping It may be used in any industrial or commercial applications suitable to CPVC 5 FABCO Purple Primer P70 is for use with all PVC and CPVC piping applications Purple container label All of the products above are listed by IAPMO for pressure and drainage applications and they are NSF approved for potable water NOTE Do not take shortcuts follow inst
119. that all heads be expressed in feet of water Measurement of liquid should be expressed in U S gallons IL ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE At sea level it is 14 7 PSI This will maintain a column of mercury 29 9 inches or a column of water 33 9 ft high This is the theoretical height of which water may be lifted by suction The practical limit for cold water 60 F is 25 feet III SUCTION AND DISCHARGE HEAD 1 Static Suction Lift Is the vertical distance from the center line of the pump s suction inlet to the constant level of the water This is added to discharge head to obtain total dynamic head Positive Suction Head Is the vertical distance above the center line of the pump s suction to the constant level of the water This is subtracted from the discharge head to obtain total dynamic head Dynamic Suction Head Is the suction lift or head plus suc tion line friction loss May be positive or negative Static Discharge Elevation Is the vertical distance from the pump s discharge to the highest point in the discharge line TDH Total Dynamic Head Is the total head and is the total of static suction lift head friction loss in suction line static discharge elevation friction loss in discharge line and fittings plus discharge pressure if any To be hydraulically correct we should not include Static Head in total dynamic head Dynamic means moving and Dynamic Head only includes velocity head and fricti
120. the bearing surface of the support the better Supports should not be clamped in such a way that will restrain the axial movement of pipe that will normally occur due to thermal NN NNN N expansion and contraction Concentrated loads in a piping system NV NNNNNN NNNNN such as valves must be separately supported ee SE ee eee h 3 1 141 2 Temperature F The graphs on this page give recommended support spacing for Support Spacing Feet Chemtrol thermoplastic piping materials at various temperatures The data is based on fluids with a specific gravity of 1 0 and per Polypropylene Schedule 80 mits a sag of less than 0 1 between supports For heavier fluids the support spacing from the graphs should be multiplied by the correct factor in the table below concesion Facer 1o os 96 95 gt o as S A S SS 1 1 152 Temperature F Sapa icing Feet PVC Schedule 40 PVDF Schedule 80 MX RAIN AA 1934 1 141 2 2 o o Temperature F oo eo Temperature F 6 8 Support Spacing Feet Support Spacing Feet The above data is for uninsulated lines For insulated lines reduce spans to 70 of graph values For spans of less than 2 feet continuous support should be used X4 PABCO PLASTICS PLASTIC PIPING STANDARDS Many commercial industrial and governmental standards or specifications are available to assist the design engineer in specif
121. the fitting socket thoroughly with a medium layer of solvent cement Avoid puddling in the socket On belled end pipe do not coat beyond the socket depth or allow cement to run beyond the bell Recommendations for Solvent Cement Primer Application PIPE SIZE WIDTH ROLLER LENGTH Inches Inches Inches Non Press Joints N A Puta second coat of cement on the pipe This completes the m six steps of alternate surface applications for a joint three of primer and three of solvent cement starting with the female component Cement layers must be without voids and suf 4 2 n ficient to fill any gaps in the joints 1 2 1 2 2 SS D Not Recommended 1 1 2 Diameter 1 2 Diameter 10 8 JOINING 1 Immediately upon finishing cement application and before it starts to set insert the pipe to the full socket depth while rotat ing the pipe or fitting a 1 4 turn to ensure complete and even distribution of the cement Hold joint together for a minimum of 10 to 15 seconds to make sure that pipe does not move or back out of the socket For pipe sizes 6 and larger a joining crew consisting of two men is recommended and the following additional steps necessary a Rotation of the pipe in the fitting may be omitted b Hold joint together for 1 to 3 minutes depending on pipe size c As an aid for joining in these larger sizes it is recommended that a come along or pipe joining tool be used EXCESS
122. til the water flooded backfill is firm enough to walk on Care should be taken to avoid floating the pipe Sand and gravel containing a significant proportion of fine grained material such as silt and clay should be compacted by hand or preferably by mechanical tamper The remainder of the backfill should be placed and spread in approximately uniform layers in such a manner to fill the trench completely so that there will be no unfilled spaces under or about rocks or lumps of earth in the backfill Large or sharp rocks frozen clods and other debris greater than 3 in diameter should be removed Rolling equipment or heavy tampers should only be used to consolidate the final backfill Additional information on underground installation is given in ASTM D2321 Underground Installation of Flexible Thermoplas tic Sewer Pipe and ASTM D2774 Underground Installation of Thermoplastic Pressure Piping CONNECTING PIPE SECTIONS Sections of PVC or CPVC pipe that have been backfilled or plowed in during the heat of the day should be sufficiently over lapped to allow for contraction and not joined up to one another or any stable connection or fitting until the morning following their night of cooling and thermal contraction See the section Expan sion and Contraction of Plastic Pipe for calculating anticipated contraction PIPE LOCATING The location of all PVC and CPVC pipelines should be accurately and precisely recorded Cond
123. ting from such abuse Transportation by truck or pipe trailer will require that the pipe be continuously supported and all sharp edges on the trailer bed that could come in contact with the pipe must be padded Solvent Cements and Primers Keep containers for solvent cements tightly closed except when in use Avoid prolonged breathing of solvent vapors and when pipe and fittings are being joined in partially enclosed areas use a ventilating device to attenuate vapor levels Keep solvent cements primers and cleaners away from all sources of ignition heat sparks and open flames Avoid repeated contact with the skin by wearing proper gloves impervious to the solvents Application of the solvents or cements with rags and bare hands is not recom mended natural fiber brushes and other suitable applicators can produce satisfactory results DANGER Extremely flammable Vapor harmful May be harmfulif swallowed May cause skin or eye irritation FABCO PLASTICS xs INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS SOLVENT WELDING INSTRUCTIONS FOR PVC amp CPVC PRESSURE PIPE SYSTEMS SCOPE The solvent welding procedure detailed herein applies to all Fabco Polyvinyl Chloride PVC and Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride CPVC pressure piping systems including molded fittings and valves Belled end pipe can also be joined in this manner FABCO TECHNICAL SERVICES is available for additional solvent weld ing guidance and recommendations Joining Equipment and Ma
124. tolerances with the same tools as are used for wood or metal The only requirement for machining of plastic that differs from metal machining is compensation for heating up of materials due to its poor heat conductivity The limitation of heat build up is accomplished by use of sharp high speed tools streams of air or water soda cooling and proper machine feeds In machining plastics on a lathe tool bits should be sharpened as for machining brass The tool should be ground with a front clearance of 10 a 2 negative back rake and no side rake The tool should have a 10 side clearance Chips should be blown or washed away from the work to reduce frictional heat to a mini mum The piece is set up in the lathe for turning or thread cutting as in metal work but with special protection provided for the plastic where it is held in the chuck jaws The plastic should be wrapped in several heavy layers of heavy cardboard held in place by masking tape before being inserted into chuck A cutting speed of 200 fpm is recommended Lathe speed for T aal ia y needle Hsc X4 PABCO PLASTICS machining different diameters of plastic can be calculated as 4 times the cutting speed fpm divided by the diameter of the plastic in inches Example With a plastic rod 1 in diameter the lathe speed would be 200 times 4 divided by 1 or 800 rpm Light cuts are recommended 0 030 to 0 060 in cross feed at a time In sawing plastic
125. ts are more easily made when there is sufficient space to properly secure the Thermo Seal tool and to maneu ver pipe and fittings into the Thermo Seal tool Therefore it is recommended that the piping system be prefabricated as much as possible in an area where there is sufficient room to work and that as few joints as possible should be made in areas where there is limited working space Mechanical joints such as flanges or unions may be considered in extremely tight areas 6 Thermo Seal Tool Set Up a Install the male and female tool pieces on either side of the Thermo Seal tool and secure with set screws b Insert the electrical plug into a grounded 110 VAC electrical source and allow the tool to come to the proper operating tem perature The tool temperature is read directly from the mounted temperature gauge and tool temperature can be adjusted by turn ing the thermostat adjustment screw with a screwdriver Coun terclockwise to raise the temperature and clockwise to lower the temperature NOTE One turn of the adjustment screw will give approximately a 25 F temperature change IMPORTANT Good socket fusion joints can be made only when the Thermo Seal tool is operating at the proper temperature and only when the length of time that the pipe and fittings remain on the heated tool pieces does not exceed those times recommended for the particular size of pipe and fitting to be joined Please con sult the user manual for yo
126. uctive wire can be trenched or plowed in with the pipe as an aid for future locating purposes BELOW GRADE VALVES ANCHORS OR OTHER CONNECTIONS As arule of thumb in designing and installing a PVC or CPVC FABCO s PLASTICS underground piping system it is pointed out that pipe made from these materials is not designed to be used for any structural ap plications beyond withstanding normal soil loads and internal pressures up to its hydrostatic pressure rating Anchors valve boxes etc must be independently supported so as to not introduce additional bending or sheer stress on the pipe ROADWAYS AND RAILROAD TRACKS It is recommended that plastic pipe be run within a metal or con crete casing when it is installed beneath surfaces that are subject to heavyweight or constant traffic such as roadways railroad tracks etc CONCRETE ANCHORS Concrete anchors can be poured around PVC or CP VC pipe at direction changes If the purpose for anchoring is to restrain axial movement of the pipe this can be done by solvent welding split collars around the pipe O D to provide a shoulder against the con crete wall Solvent welding surface between collar and pipe O D must dry 48 hours prior to pouring of concrete RISERS Although PVC or CP VC pipe has excellent weathering resistance it should never be brought above grade under the following cir cumstances 1 If it is expected to provide structural strength such as support ing an a
127. uctivity Sensors 5 6 Expansion Joints PVC CPVC 1 24 Fi PABCO PLASTICS F F300 Pitot Tube Acrylic Flowmeters 5 21 F 400N Machined Acrylic Tube Flowmeter 5 22 F 410N Machined Acrylic Tube Flowmeter 5 23 F 420N MachiNed Acrylic Tube Flowmeter 5 24 F 430N Machined Acrylic Tube Flowmeter 5 25 F 440 Polysulfone Flowmeter 5 27 F 450 Polysulfone Flowmeter 5 28 F 550 Machined Acrylic Block Flowmeter 5 26 F 1000 Digital Paddlewheel Flowmeter 5 29 F 2000 Digital Paddlewheel Flowmeter 5 31 5 32 Fabco Eliminator Type LTH 2000 9 17 Fabco Eliminator Type LTV 1500 9 17 Fabcograte FRP Grating 4 21 4 22 4 23 Fabco Round Welding Rod 4 13 Fabco Specialty Tubing 8 8 Fast amp Tite Tube Fittings 8 15 Fiberglass Structural Shapes And Plate 4 26 to 4 28 Fiberglass Threaded Rod And Nuts 4 38 Filter Cartridges 6 5 6 12 6 13 Filter Chambers 6 10 Filterchem Level amp Pump Controls 5 17 Filterchem Mini Stat Level Control 5 17 Fire Retardent PP Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 8 Fittings Bulk Head 7 12 Fittings Clear PVC 1 13 Fittings CPVC 1 16 1 19 Fittings LXT 2 3 Fittings Metric 1 14 Fittings PP 1 27 Fittings PP 1 26 Fittings PVC 1 2 Fittings PVDF 1 29 Fittings Self Aligning 7 12 Fittings Tube 8 16 Fittings White PVC 1 10 Flange Gaskets 1 24 Flexible PVC Door Strips And Sheet 4 17 Flexible Tubing 8 10 Flexi Joint Connections 7 12 Flex Protm Peristaltic Pumps 6 27 Flowline Contact Level Sensors 5 16
128. upon the discovery of such defect and include a copy showing proof of purchase FABCO will not be liable for special or consequential damages in any claim suit or proceedings arising under this war ranty nor will FABCO accept any liability for claims for labor loss of profit repairs or other expenses incidental to replacement The Product Warranty expressed above is our only warranty and may not be verbally changed or modified by any representative of FABCO The offer to repair or replace nonconforming goods within warranty does not cover defects caused by shipping dam ages damages caused by improper use or installation or by the buyer s attempts to use the products beyond their mechanical thermal or electrical capacity All freight costs incurred in ship ping parts to or from FABCO or to the manufacturer 1f necessary are at the expense of the customer FABCO reserves the right of product substitution to meet market shortages 3 PABCO PLASTICS NOTES X4 PABCO PLASTICS NOTES 10 71 X4 PABCO PLASTICS NOTES X4 PABCO PLASTICS NOTES PLASTICS APPLICATION FOR CREDIT NAME DATE ADDRESS A P CONTACT A P TELEPHONE E MAIL FAX AMOUNT OF CREDIT REQUESTED SALES TAX S GST PST LEGAL NAME COMMENCEMENT OF COMPANY OF BUSINESS COMPANY OFFICIERS 2 TITLE TITLE OWNERSHI
129. ur particular system Excessive temperatures and excessive heating times will result in excessive melting at and below the surfaces of the fitting socket I D and pipe O D When the pipe is inserted into the fitting socket excessive melt material needed for socket fusion will be scraped from the socket wall and into the fitting waterway and the resulting joint will be defective Low temperatures and insufficient heat ing times will result in a lack of or incomplete melting making it impossible to make a good socket fusion joint MAKING SOCKET FUSION JOINTS 2 Attach the depth gauging clamp to the pipe by butting the clamp up to the end of the depth gauge and locking it into place Then remove the depth gauge FABCO PLASTICS xs INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS 3 Simultaneously place pipe and fitting squarely and fully on heat tool pieces so that the I D of the fitting and the O D of the pipe are in contact with the heating surfaces Care should be taken to in sure that the pipe and fitting are not cocked when they are inserted on the tool pieces 4 Hold the pipe and fitting on the tool pieces for the prescribed amount of time During this time a bead of melted material will ap pear around the complete circumference of the pipe at the entrance of the tool piece 5 Simultaneously remove the pipe and fitting from the tool pieces and immediately insert the pipe squarely and fully and without purposeful rotation into the socke
130. ve were suddenly closed From table below c 24 2 v 3 35 p 3 35 26 6 90 psi Total line pressure 90 160 250 psi Schedule 80 2 PVC has a pressure rating of 400 psi at room temperature Therefore 2 Schedule 80 PVC pipe is acceptable for this application Surge Wave Constant C mc cc m pe smo sso senao serso serso AE Pos fs ar no ar suzannae Poa us wa 52 CAUTION The removal of all air from the system in order for the surge wave analysis method to be valid was pointed out at the beginning of this segment However this can be easier said than done Over reliance on this method of analysis is not encouraged Our experience suggests that the best approach to assure a suc cessful installation is for the design to focus on strategic place ments of air vents and the maintenance of fluid velocity near or below the threshold limit of 5 ft sec Expansion and Thermal Contraction of Plastic Pipe Calculating Dimensional Change All materials undergo dimensional change as a result of tempera ture variation above or below the installation temperature The extent of expansion or contraction is dependent upon the coeffi cient of linear expansion for the piping material These coefficients are listed below for the essential industrial plastic piping materials in the more conventional form of inches of dimensional change per F of temperature change per inch of length Th
131. yder Tanks 7 9 2 PABCO PLASTICS INDEX Chemkor Butterfly Valves 3 4 Chemkor CPVC Pipe 1 15 Chemkor Gear Box Butterfly 3 4 Chemkor Schedule 80 PVC Pipe 1 1 ChemkoR Schedule 40 Gray PVC Fittings 7 1 8 Chemkor Schedule 40 Gray Pipe 6 Chemkor Schedule 40 White PVC Fittings 1 10 1 11 Chemkor Schedule 40 White PVC Pipe 1 9 Chemkor Schedule 80 CPVC Fittings 1 16 to 1 19 Chemkor Schedule 80 PVC Fittings 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 Chemkor Schedule 80 PVC Pipe 1 1 Chemkor Single Union Ball Valves 3 1 Chemkor Super Bloc True Union Ball Valves 3 1 Chemtrol True Union Ball Valves 3 2 Chlorine Analyser 5 6 5 18 Clamp It PVC Tapping Saddles 1 23 Clear Braided PVC Hose 8 3 Clear PVC Hose 8 2 Clear PVC Pipe 1 12 Clear PVC Sheet 4 5 Closed Top Tanks 7 5 Column Internals 9 14 Compact Econo Ball Valves 3 6 Composolite Fiberglass Building System 4 30 Conductivity Sensor 5 6 Conductivity Sensors 5 12 Conical Bottom Tanks 7 8 Controller pH ORP Conductivity 5 1 Controller Oxygen 5 10 Conventional Butt Fusion Machine 2 19 CPVC Fittings 1 16 1 19 CPVC Pipe 1 15 CPVC Sheet 4 7 CPVC Ventillation Duct Pipe 9 9 D DFM 4 0 Doppler Flow Monitor 5 8 Door Strips 4 17 Double Wall Containment Tanks 7 6 Dual Containment Pipe 2 8 Duct Fittings 9 2 Duct Pipe 9 1 9 4 9 5 9 8 9 9 Duranit Catalyst Support 9 13 Durashield Foam Core Building Panels 4 30 E Eductors 6 25 Energy Saving Hollow Balls 9 15 Es Series Cond
132. ying plastic piping systems Stan dards most frequently referred to and most commonly called out in plastic piping specifications are ASTM Standards These standards also often form the basis of other standards in existence Below is a list and description of those standards most typically applied to industrial plastic piping ASTM Standard D 1784 American Society for Testing and Materials This standard covers PVC and CPVC compounds used in the manufacture of plastic pipe valves and fittings It provides a means for selecting and identifying compounds on the bases of a number of physical and chemical criteria Confor mance to a particular material classification in this standard requires meeting a number of minimum physical and chemical properties ASTM Standards D 1785 and F 441 These standards cover the specification and quality of Schedule 40 80 and 120 PVC D 1785 and CPVC F 441 pressure pipe Outlined in these standards are dimensional specifications burst sustained and maximum operating pressure requirements and test procedures for determining pipe quality with respect to workmanship and materials ASTM Standards D 2464 and F 437 These standards cover PVC D 2464 and CPVC F 437 Schedule 80 threaded pressure fittings Thread dimensional specifications wall thickness burst material quality and identification requirements are specified ASTM Standard D 2466 These standards cover Schedule 40 PVC D 2466 threaded and so

installation instructions - Fabco Plastics Wholesale Limited

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents