STEVAL-IHT007V1, extension board with AC switches for the
Contents
1. t e E OX OL 7 1 za L X 9 JepeaH Z X 9JepeeH v X QNO T o en ik ju 0L 01 TU iH joejesiewod 17 23 Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board UM1494 A 2 18 23 Demonstration board PCB layout Figure 7 layout top side Figure 8 PCB silkscreen top side ACSI OS High Voltage OUT 0072 voltage side T10LOH 6G Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 UM1494 STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board Figure 9 PCB silkscreen bottom side 19 m e e T A eu l3 me sir ve z gl le A us 2 e BIS E A _ aL en e g e 53 z i e e o e e EI o Gate current consumption Gate current consumption is based on Equation 3 Values used for the calculation are shown in the datasheet for the AC switch or Triac Equation 3 Gate resistor calculation E 1 Voc gt R 15 1090 9 tolerance 100 where tolerance IS the tolerance of the used resistor typically 1 or 5 minis the2. ek ze d ete 15 5 1 Source files 15 5 2 Main routines description 15 5 2 1 ZNC interrupt cs osx cag de Ra a ee cen 16 5 2 2 Timer2 interrupt eee 16 5 2 3 ACS108 status T1010H status 16 5 2 4 Frequency setting 16 5 2 5 Main routine 16 Appendix STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board 17 A 1 aed RE Rada Pau Od eae fores 17 A 2 Demonstration board PCB 18 Gate current 19 2 23 Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 Contents A 4 EC 61000 44 cea Son das ear Gap ena 20 A 5 Bill of 21 REVISION BISIOFJ aou a ee a 22 ky Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 3 23 List of tables UM1494 List of tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 5 Table 6 Table 7 4 23 Gate current pulse duration default program version v1 0 12 Maximum load RMS current for Tamp 60 13 Initial settings of the control 15 Gate resistor estima
3. 1494 YZ User manual STEVAL IHT007V1 extension board with AC switches for the STM8S DISCOVERY kit 1 Introduction The STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board is designed for the home appliance market with a focus the demonstration of ACS Triac control with the STM8S DISCOVERY kit The demonstration board is aimed at applications where ACS and Triacs are used It may particularly help appliance designs where only 2 AC switches are required for example coffee machines bread makers low end fridges etc The STEVAL IHT007V1 embeds an optical isolation of the power and control parts to allow designers to debug the software with a computer directly connected to the STM8S DISCOVERY kit Therefore this demonstration board can also be used to evaluate opto transistor circuits in applications where isolation between mains and control parts is required such as high end washing machines dishwashers and dryers where a BLDC motor is used Opto transitor control has been chosen as against opto Triac control to allow better control of the duration of the gate current pulse and to ensure better AC switch triggering especially for low current loads The power supply is based on a capacitive power supply The STEVAL IHT007V1 uses SMD ACS Triac to demonstrate a compact design with the possibility to control loads up to 500 W The T1010H 6G a 12 A 600 V high temperature Triac can control loads up to 500 W The ACS108 6SUF a 0 8 A 6
4. and power terminals which contain possibly energized capacitors need to be allowed to discharge completely Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 9 23 Getting started UM1494 3 3 1 10 23 Getting started Connection diagram The STEVAL IHTOO7V1 demonstration board does not contain the MCU and for proper functionality it must be plugged into the STM8S DISCOVERY kit The STM8S DISCOVERY kit must be supplied by an external power supply The USB connector plugged into the PC is able to supply the STM8S DISCOVERY kit The second possibility is to use a SWIM connector to supply the STM8S DISCOVERY kit Figure 2 and Figure 3 show how to connect the STEVAL IHT007V1 to the STM8S DISCOVERY kit The proper fitting of each connector JP1 CN1 CN2 and CN3 are shown for the STEVAL IHT007V1 and STM8S DISCOVERY kit Figure 2 STEVAL IHT007V1 control headers _CN2 CN1 1 Figure 3 STM8S DISCOVERY kit connection diagram CN1 JP1 SWIM USB to PC Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 Getting started Figure 4 shows the final connection of the STEVAL IHTOO7V1 and STM8S DISCOVERY kit with a connection diagram of the mains and loads Figure 4 Connection of the mains and loads BUTTON 2 for BUTTON 1 for T1010H control ACS108 control o m 230 Vi50 Hz S T NI S 3 2 Running the board This section describes how to properly run the board from an application point of view Prope
5. minimum supply voltage typically 5 V for capacitive power supply with 5 6 V Zener diode Var is maximum gate voltage that appears between the gate and A1 or the COM pin typically 0 8 V gate current for the minimum ambient temperature normally 0 or 10 C for household applications is given in the datasheet Vce sat is saturation voltage of the opto coupler maximum value is given by the PC817 datasheet 0 2 V Standard resistor choice is shown in Table 4 Please note that the STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board uses gate resistors with 1 dispersion Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 19 23 STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board UM1494 A 4 20 23 Table 4 Gate resistor estimation AC switch Tolerance of Rg Rg 0 Rg standard 0 T1010H 1 304 300 5 293 270 5108 1 304 300 5 293 270 61000 4 4 The IEC 61000 4 4 standard is designed for testing the fast transient robustness of an application The main affected device in the application is the MCU The MCU is isolated from mains The main source of functionality changes is spurious triggering of the ACS Triac Three possible states are defined class no functionality change class B functionality change self repair e class C functionality change user intervention required turn ON OFF Table 5 Pre compliance IEC 61000 4 4 results STEVAL 50 2 4 6 kV 8 kV Hz L A B B B N
6. X2 EPCOS B32921C3103 B1 B2 SMD button SMD button DTSM24N Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 21 23 Revision history UM1494 Revision history 22 23 Table 7 Document revision history Date Revision Changes 13 Mar 2012 1 Initial release Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 UM1494 Please Read Carefully Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ST reserve the right to make changes corrections modifications or improvements to this document and the products and services described herein at any time without notice All ST products are sold pursuant to ST s terms and conditions of sale Purchasers are solely responsible for the choice selection and use of the ST products and services described herein and ST assumes no liability whatsoever relating to the choice selection or use of the ST products and services described herein No license express or implied by estoppel or otherwise to any intellectual property rights is granted under this document If any part of this document refers to any third party products or services it shall not be deemed a license grant by ST for the use of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein or considered as a warranty covering the use in any manner whatsoever of such third party products or services or any intellectual property contained therein UNLESS OTHERW
7. 00 V overvoltage protected ACSTM device can control low power loads up to 100 W The demonstration board passed the pre compliance tests for EMC directives IEC 61000 4 4 burst up to 8 kV and IEC 61000 4 5 surge up to 2 kV The STEVAL IHTOO7V1 has an overall power consumption below 500 mW at 264 V 50 Hz due to the optimized capacitive power supply Figure 1 STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board March 2012 Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 1 23 Contents UM1494 Contents 1 Introduction sii ssc sor i monic rc n 1 2 Demonstration board presentation 6 2 1 Package 6 2 2 Kit PUlDOSG iium 6 2 3 Operation principle 7 2 4 Operating conditions 7 2 5 Board features 8 2 6 Safety instructions 8 3 Getting 5 10 3 1 Connection diagram 10 3 2 Running the board 11 3 3 Functional description 12 4 Trac control PET 13 4 1 Maximum allowed load current 13 4 2 Gate current width and minimum load current 13 5 SoftWare oss Dra
8. A B B B LandN A B B B L A B B B N A B B B LandN A B B B The board withstands 2 kV in class A for all tested configurations Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board A 5 Bill of material Table 6 Bill of material Designator Value Description Vendor ACS108 6SUF 0 8 A overvoltage protected AC switch STMicroelectronics D2 5 6V Zener diode 4 Header 3 pin P6KE400CA 600 W 400 V Transil STMicroelectronics R15 Varistor 275 14 EPCOS B72214S0271 T1010H 6G 10 A 600 V high temperature Triac STMicroelectronics D1 D3 1N4007 1000 V diode J1 J2 ARK128V A 3P mm Header 6 pin dual row U1 U2 U3 PC817 4 pin phototransistor opto coupler R1 R2 10 1 resistor 0805 SMD R3 27 1 resistor 0805 SMD R4 510 Q 1 resistor 1206 SMD R5 510 Q 1 resistor 0805 SMD R7 1 1 resistor 0805 SMD R6 R8 300 Q 1 resistor 0 6 W through hole R9 120 Q 5 resistor 2 W wire flameproof R10 100 Q 1 resistor 0207 SMD high peak power Farnell 3086720 R11 R12 51 1 resistor 0 6 through hole R13 R14 750 1 resistor 0 6 through hole C1 C2 10 nF 10 capacitor 50 V 0805 SMD C3 1 10 capacitor 50 V 0805 SMD C4 imF s polarized capacitor 16 V through C5 470 nF Capacitor 470 nF X2 EPCOS B32922C3474 C6 C7 C8 C9 10 nF Capacitor 10 nF
9. An even number of pushes means that the status of the ACS108 and or the T1010H is OFF Frequency setting Frequency setting is launched once after the reset and it chooses between a 50 and 60 Hz setting according to the measured value of line frequency Continuous frequency measurement during program running is not implemented Main routine In the main routine the status of the ACS Triac is checked and the software watchdog is cleared Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board UM1494 Appendix STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board Schematic A 1 Board schematic Figure 6 68SZONV 126 Jepeey uot USL 69 JO SUEA SeH H3MOd 4 BSL 3u OF 340 59 HOLOLL AA Ll OON 15121 ely 1189 Iss 0119 p on e Woo V ino 0021 001359 2599 ma 6H 00 H3MOd cx 91 99 80190 auf 99 3404 H3MOd oT gt s 1 ZOOPNI P 921824 921894 31 000 RS N 04180d N 4 gt zn EN yo QNO in 5018 OM 2 oN v 9 4
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11. anual UM1494 this document for the STEVAL IHTOO7V1 e User manual UMO817 for the STM8S DISCOVERY Reference manual RM0016 for the STM8S and 5 microcontroller families e Datasheets 5108 65 overvoltage protected AC switch ACS PeKE400CA P6KE Transil STM8S105C6 Access line 16 MHz STM8S 8 bit MCU up to 32 Kbytes Flash integrated EEPROM 10 bit ADC timers UART SPI T1010H High temperature 10 A sensitive TRIACs Application notes AN302 Thyristors and TRIACs holding current an important parameter AN303 Thyristors and TRIACs latching current 533 SCRs TRIACs and AC switches thermal management precautions for handling and mounting AN1476 Low cost power supply for home appliances AN1966 TRIAC overvoltage protection using a Transil e Marketing presentations ACS 600 V positioning in applications ACS 600 V flyer A High temperature TRIACs flyer A High temperature TRIACs description e Software C code in self install exe file e Gerber files Kit purpose This kit is a development tool that allows users to develop applications where an AC switch control must be implemented Two AC switch controls can be directly evaluated with this board covering a large number of different applications For applications with a higher number of switches the AC switch control can be easily duplicated for each load control Electrica
12. d power ranges for 230 V RMS voltage OUT 1 controlled by ACS108 6SUF 0 to 100 W OUT 2 controlled by T1010H 6G 100 to 500 W Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 7 23 Demonstration board presentation UM1494 2 5 2 6 8 23 Board features The STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board features different AC switches Optical isolation of the power part and control part e push buttons for ON OFF control of the AC switches e Capacitive power supply 470 nF capacitor EPCOS B32923C3474 5V x 10 Average output current 16 mA at 230 V Standby power losses lt 0 3 W at 230 V Overvoltage protection devices Varistor between mains voltage inputs P N example B72205S271K101 Transil between Triac A2 G terminals of the T1010H 6G P N PeKE400CA Refer to AN1966 Overvoltage protected AC switch ACS108 Safety instructions Warning The high voltage levels used to operate the STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board may present a serious electrical shock hazard This demonstration board must be used in a suitable laboratory by qualified personnel only familiar with the installation use and maintenance of power electrical systems Intended use The smart STEVAL IHTOO7V1 demonstration board is a component designed for demonstration purposes only and must not be used for domestic installation or for industrial installation The technical data as well as the information concerning the power supply a
13. in c file is where the basic functions to set up the MCU after reset are defined and also where the routines for frequency detection and each ACS Triac status setting are defined and handled 5 2 Main routines description The program has separate routines to control AC switches These routines should not be changed by the user unless a change in program functionality is required Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 15 23 Software UM1494 5 2 1 5 2 2 5 2 3 5 2 4 5 2 5 16 23 ZVC interrupt The MCU uses a zero voltage crossing ZVC event to synchronize all the routines ZVC interrupt handles switch gate pulse at the beginning of each mains period turns on Timer2 to handle gate current pulse duration within mains period and refreshes variables used for ACS Triac control and mains frequency detection Timer2 interrupt Timer2 interrupt is launched every 100 us to control gate current pulse duration within the mains period Turn on in the first half wave is controlled by ZVC interrupt and in the second half wave it is controlled by Timer2 interrupt when the ACS108 and or T1010H status in ON Gate current pulse duration is controlled by Timer2 interrupt ACS108 status and T1010H status The status of the ACS108 and the T1010H are set in these routines if they are ON or OFF The decision is based on the number of pushes of the corresponding button An odd number of pushes means that the status of the ACS108 and or the T1010H is ON
14. lly isolated configuration is used to allow the user to develop the software with the STM8S DISCOVERY kit connected to the computer SMD technology is used for promotion of the space effective control of the AC loads with ACS Triacs Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 Demonstration board presentation 2 3 2 4 The Kit purpose is the promotion of various kinds of applications where the AC switch is controlled in ON OFF full phase mode The switch control is based on the information push button evaluated by the MCU As mentioned the board software can easily be modified to final application requirements Here below is a list of possible applications that can be addressed Fridge Breadmaker Soy milk maker Coffee machine Additionally the list of loads that can be controlled with this board is as follows e Valves Pumps Door locks Heating resistors up to 500 W The added advantages of this board are Spark free operation No EMI or acoustic noise Operation principle The board operation principle is based on MCU software Implemented software features are 50 60 Hz detection implemented Full wave operation zero voltage turn on of the switch according to push button action Operating conditions The board operates in nominal line voltage 230 V in both 50 60 Hz power nets Line RMS voltage range 197 to 264 V 50 or 60 Hz Operating ambient temperature 10 to 60 C Loa
15. nd working conditions is to be taken from the documentation included in the kit and strictly observed Installation The installation of the STEVAL IHTOO7V1 demonstration board must be taken from the present user manual and strictly observed The components must be protected against excessive strain In particular no components are to be bent or isolating distances altered during transportation handling or use No contact must be made with electronic components and contacts The STEVAL IHTOO7V1 demonstration board contains electrostatically sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use Electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed to avoid potential risks and injury Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 Demonstration board presentation Note Electrical connection Applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the mains power supply The electrical installation must be completed in accordance with the appropriate requirements e g cross sectional areas of conductors fusing PE connections Board operation A system architecture which supplies power to the demonstration board must be equipped with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety requirements e g compliance with technical equipment and accident prevention rules Do not touch the board after disconnection from the mains power supply as several parts
16. r connection is described in Figure 4 The ACS108 is controlled by BUTTON 1 and the T1010H is controlled by BUTTON 2 as shown in Figure 4 After reset both switches are put into the OFF state When any button is pushed once the corresponding ACS Triac turns ON after the start of the next mains period Holding the button pressed has no influence on the behavior When any button is pressed for the second time the corresponding ACS Triac turns OFF at the end of the current period Turn off delay is not implemented Holding the button pressed has no influence on the behavior Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 11 23 Getting started UM1494 3 3 12 23 Functional description The ACS Triac is controlled in full wave control mode as shown in Figure 5 Zero voltage crossing interrupt is recognized in advance of the real zero voltage crossing The recognition level for interrupt detection is 2 5 V for the STM8S MCU The delay is implemented to turn on ACS Triac when mains voltage really cross zero The delay setting and gate current pulse duration are defined in the file define h Initial setting of the delay is 800 us for 50 Hz ZVC_Delay_50HZ and 600 us for 60 Hz ZVC_Delay_60HZ Initial setting of the gate current pulse lengths with names are given in Table 1 Figure 5 Functional description of ACS Triac control strategy T1010H gate control signal 2 V div te cur
17. rent pulse length 3 ms for T1010H Time 2 ms div Table 1 Gate current pulse duration default program version v1 0 Initial gate pulse duration ACS108 pe 1 11010 Ej Length T1010H Pulse Length 50 Hz 10 ms 3 0 ms 60 Hz 8 3 ms 2 4 ms 1 50 60 Hz Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 Lyr UM1494 Triac control 4 Triac control 4 1 Maximum allowed load current Maximum allowed current depends on the ability of the device to dissipate the energy into ambient to keep the junction of the device at 125 C 150 C for high temperature Triac Refer also to AN533 Dissipated power for full wave operation is given by Equation 1 Dissipated power estimation Vio Inus where Vio V and Rg values are given by the AC switch datasheets Maximum junction temperature of the device is then Equation 2 Maximum junction temperature estimation Tj Pina where Tamp C is ambient temperature and C W is junction to ambient thermal resistance Thermal resistance consists of one part in the case of SMD package and is defined in the datasheet depending on the PCB heatsink area Table 2 gives the maximum RMS current each ACS Triac can control at maximum ambient temperature 60 C to keep junction temperature below max allowed value Dissipated power during the ON state Pp is given for indication Table 2 Maximum load RMS c
18. roelectronics All rights reserved STMicroelectronics group of companies Australia Belgium Brazil Canada China Czech Republic Finland France Germany Hong Kong India Israel Italy Japan Malaysia Malta Morocco Philippines Singapore Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America www st com ky Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 23 23
19. rrent that the board can provide is 15 mA in the operation conditions at 230 V RMS and 470 nF capacitor Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 Software 5 Software The STEVAL IHT007V1 is provided with the software that must be programmed into the STM8S DISCOVERY kit The STM8S DISCOVERY kit is provided with a built in ST LINK programmer no additional programming device is necessary Software is available for download at www st com evalboards Software is developed in the STVD programming environment with compiler COSMIC The source files are provided and for use with a different GUI they must be adapted 5 1 Source files The program is located in three source files The define h file is where variables for user customization are located The user can change the ZVC delay setting and gate current pulse duration for each ACS Triac independently Initial settings of the variables in the file define h is given in Table 3 Table 3 Initial settings of the control variables Variable name Initial value value time ACS108 Pulse Length 50 HZ 100 10 ms ACS108 Pulse Length 60 HZ 83 8 3 ms T1010H Pulse Length 50 HZ 30 3 ms T1010H Pulse Length 60 HZ 24 2 4 ms ZNC Delay 50 HZ 8 0 8 ms ZNC Delay 60 HZ 6 0 6 ms Half Period Length 50 HZ 100 10 ms Half Period Length 60 HZ 83 8 3 ms 1 Timer interrupt is launched every 100 us The 5 8 interrupt vector c file is where the interrupt table and interrupts are located The Ma
20. tion 20 Pre compliance IEC 61000 4 4 5 20 coset ocak mee dues DS dae eee eee Role 21 Document revision history nee 22 Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 ky UM1494 List of figures List of figures Figure 1 STEVAL IHTOO7V1 demonstration 1 Figure 2 STEVAL IHTOO7V1 control lt 10 Figure 3 STM8S DISCOVERY kit connection 10 Figure 4 Connection of the mains and loads 11 Figure 5 Functional description of ACS Triac control strategy 12 Figure 6 Boardschemalic dee EU He ERE eee eels CREER 17 Figure 7 PCB layout top Side 2 18 Figure 8 PCB silkscreen top Side 2 II 18 Figure 9 silkscreen bottom 5 19 ky Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 5 23 Demonstration board presentation UM1494 2 2 1 2 2 6 23 Demonstration board presentation Package content The STEVAL IHT007V1 demonstration board package consists of STEVAL IHT007V1 extension board with AC switches for STM8S DISCOVERY kit e CD ROM The CD ROM content is e User m
21. urrent for Tamb 60 C PCB heatsink RMS current Pp AC switch Package C W A W ACS108 SMBFlat 1 115 0 56 0 55 T1010H 6G D2PAK 3 40 2 6 2 15 Higher load current can be controlled using forced cooling The AN533 is dedicated for a full description of thermal management 4 2 Gate current width and minimum load current Gate current pulse is generated by the MCU The length of the pulse is set by software and can be changed separately for each load Gate current pulse length is an important value to be set according to minimum load current Load current must reach latching current level to keep Triac ON before the gate pulse is removed Latching current 1 is specified in the AC switch datasheet It is important to check for low power loads when RMS current is low as it takes a longer time for the load current to reach latching current level When gate current is Doc ID 022519 Rev 1 13 23 Triac control UM1494 14 23 removed before the load current reaches the latching current level the device may turn off Refer to AN302 for further information on latching current Gate current is given by hardware settings Gate current can be changed by changing the value of the gate resistor R6 is the gate resistor for control of the ACS108 and R8 is the gate resistor for control of the T1010H Maximum value and length of the gate current the board can provide depends on capacitive power supply rating The typical average cu
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