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1. External Front Delay 0 000000000 s Level 2 00V Slope Pos Neg External Rear Delay 0 000000000 s Level 2 00V Slope Pos Neg Trig Holdoff 0 000000000 s Auto Trig 100 000 ms On Off Frame Timer Period 250 000 us Offset 0 000000000 s Reset Offset Display Sync Source Off Off Ext Front Ext Rear FREQUENCY Channel Center Freq 1 00000 GHz Meas Control Restart Measure Single Cont Pause ccdf 2 Chapter 8 Index Numerics 50 MHz Amptd key 148 50 MHz Ref key 87 A ACPR measurement reference type 171 view trace selection 174 active function area 35 active license key 42 how to locate 42 ADC Corr key 213 ADC Dither key spectrum measurement 184 ADC Range key spectrum measurement 183 ADC ranging function automatic control 198 automatic peak control 198 automatic peak lock 199 manual control 199 address settings 73 adjustment 81 adjustment keys 77 Advanced menu spectrum 182 waveform advanced settings 198 advanced menu ADC dither 199 ADC ranging function 198 decimation 199 number of data points 177 pre ADC bandpass filter
2. Country Phone Number Fax Number Singapore 1 800 375 8100 65 836 0252 Malaysia 1 800 828 848 1 800 801664 Philippines 632 8426802 632 8426809 1 800 16510170 PLDT 1 800 16510288 PLDT Subscriber Only Subscriber Only Thailand 088 226 008 outside Bangkok 66 1 661 3714 662 661 3999 within Bangkok Hong Kong 800 930 871 852 2506 9233 Taiwan 0800 047 866 886 2 25456723 People s Republic 800 810 0189 preferred 10800 650 0121 of China 10800 650 0021 India 1 600 11 2929 000 800 650 1101 Returning Your Instrument to Agilent Technologies If you are returning your transmitter tester to Agilent Technologies for servicing fill out and attach a blue repair tag to the instrument Repair tags are located at the end of this chapter Include as much information as possible about the problem Record any error messages that appeared on the display and include performance test results or any other specific data on the performance of the instrument Ship the instrument in the original factory packaging materials if they are available If not use similar packaging to properly protect the instrument Return the instrument to the nearest Agilent Technologies sales and service office Contact the nearest office as shown in table shown above to determine the address to which the instrument should be sent Chapter 7 239 If You Have a Problem Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support Services and A
3. lt chpwr gt 256 Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 14 Power Stat CCDF Measurement Key Flow 1 of 2 page 212 MEASURE Power Stat CCDF Meas Setup Meas BW 5 00000 MHz Counts 10 0000 Mpt Meas Interval 1 000 ms Trig Source Free Run Immediate Free Run Immediate Video IF Envlp RF Burst IF Wideband Ext Front Ext Rear Frame Restore Meas Defaults Span X Scale Scale Div 2 0 dB Store Ref Trace Ref Trace OnJOff Gaussian Line On Off Mode Setup Input Input Port RF RF 50 MHz Ref IF Align Input Atten 0 0 dB Ext RF Atten 0 0 dB IF Align Signal Signal Rate 0 2468 75 kHz Signal Amptd DAC 500 Signal Type CW CW Comb Pulse m g S lt ccdf_1 gt Chapter 8 257 Figure 8 15 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Power Stat CCDF Measurement Key Flow 2 of 2 page 212 258 a Y b Trigger RF Burst Delay 0 000000000 s Peak Level 6 00 dB Slope Pos Neg Video IF Envlp Delay 0 000000000 s Level 6 00 dB Slope Pos Neg
4. Bar Graph In the factory default condition 5 of the total integration power levels centered at the carrier frequency and 765 0 kHz and 11 995 MHz offset frequencies are shown in the figure for the Results section The corresponding measured data is shown in the text window Depending on the Meas Type selection one of the two following displays is obtained Bar Graph Total Pwr Ref A histogram of powers referenced to the total power Bar Graph PSD Ref A histogram of powers referenced to the mean power spectral density of the carrier in dBm Hz Spectrum In the factory default condition the frequency spectrum with the FFT sweep type is displayed with the bandwidth marker lines in the graph window The corresponding measured data in the text window is the total integration power levels in dBc and dBm within the defined bandwidth as shown in the figure below Figure 5 2 ACP Measurement Spectrum View Agilent 07 26 99 89 53 21 Basic Span 5 50 MHz Total Pur Ref 5 88 dBm 1 23 MHz ACP Offset Freq Integ BH dBc dBm Lower Upper Depending on the Meas Type setting one of the two following displays is obtained Spectrum Total Pwr Ref A spectrum display referenced to 174 Chapter5 Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys the total power Spectrum PSD Ref A spectrum display referenced to the mean power spectral density of the carrier in dBm Hz You can improve the update speed
5. Q only measurement using one single ended probe connected to the Q input connector available in the Basic mode 226 Chapter 6 Concepts Baseband l Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts I Q measurement using two single ended probes connected to the I and Q input connectors e 1 MQ Balanced High input impedance measurements may also be made if differential or balanced signals are available 1 MQ balanced measurements may be made as follows Ionly measurement using one differential probe or two single ended probes connected to the I and I inputs available in the Basic mode Q only measurement using one differential probe or two single ended probes connected to the Q and Q inputs available in the Basic mode I Q measurement using two differential probes or four single ended probes connected to the I Q I and Q input connectors This is the measurement method of choice if differential or balanced baseband signals to be measured lie in a trace on a circuit board and are sensitive to loading by the probe When making 1 MQ measurements the reference input impedance may be adjusted Si Te Fe Vo To Chapter 6 227 7 E a c fe iS Table 6 1 Concepts Baseband l Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts The following table lists the probes currently available from Agilent which are suitable for use under various measurement conditions Agilent Probes Balanced and U
6. aa81a 156 Chapter 5 Key Reference Instrument Front Panel Highlights Selected E4406A VSA Front Panel Features 1 The On Off switch toggles the AC Line power between On and Standby A green LED will light when the instrument is On When energized in the standby mode a yellow LED is lit above the switch 2 FREQUENCY Channel accesses a key menu to set the analyzer center frequency in units of Hz kHz MHz or GHz or by channel number These parameters apply to all measurements in the current mode 3 MODE accesses a key menu to select one of the measurement personalities installed in the instrument Each mode is independent from all other modes 4 Mode Setup accesses a key menu that sets parameters specific to the current mode and can affect all measurements within that mode 5 MEASURE accesses a display key menu to initiate one of the various measurements that are specific to the current mode 6 Meas Setup accesses the menus of test parameters that are specific to the current measurement 7 Restart causes a measurement to start again from the initial process according to the current measurement setup parameters 8 RF INPUT port Type N connector for the E4406A The maximum input power level is shown next to the port 9 The Data Entry keypad is used to enter numeric values Keypad entries are displayed in the active function area of the screen and become valid for the current measurement upon pressing the Enter ke
7. Ref Value 0 00 dBm Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling OnJOff c e Linear Envelope SPAN X Scale Linear Envelope window Scale Div 200 0 us Ref Value 0 00 s Ref Position Left Ctr Right Scale Coupling OnJOff AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 0 00 V Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling OnJOff SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us Ref Value 0 00 s Ref Position Left Ctr Right Scale Coupling OnJOff AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 30 0 deg Ref Value 0 00 deg Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling OnJOff Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Waveform Time Domain Measurement Key Flow 2 of 4 page for E4406A I Q Input waveform 2 251 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 9 Waveform Time Domain Measurement Key Flow 3 of 4 page 196 C Ss I Q Waveform Scale Div 1 03 us Ref Value 0 00 s Ref Position Left Ctr Right Scale Coupling OnJOff Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 0 00 V Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling OnJOff l an
8. Figure 4 5 Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Agilent 06 27 01 18 25 00 Basic TRTLTTTS e Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain EE Y Ref 40 0 mU F y I Haveform Waveform PreFFT BH t z Capture Time Figure 4 6 Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A E Agilent 26 27 01 19 58 40 H CDMA IRTETTTS BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain 36PP I Waveform HANNA SEHR OA HM Capture Tin Q Waveform Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm PCCPCH SCH 106 Chapter 4 Figure 4 7 Figure 4 8 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Agilent 06 27 01 20 16 14 cdma2000 BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain SR1 I Haveform Capture Time Haveform PFltr o Z gt ae 0 o 7 c E O 3 1 Un El 7 PreFFT BH Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform AMPLITUDE Y Scale 5 00 mV Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm 9 channels of SR1 cdma2000 Rev 8 Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A X Agilent MS Ch Freq 1 92000 GHz Src Input Spectrum Emission Mask 36PP EE ES 1 80 M 1 00 M Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform Others Factory default settings Chapter
9. longer detected after a period of time has elapsed After reviewing the error queue you will likely want to clear it before making another measurement Note that if an error condition exists continuously the error will not appear in the queue after the error history queue has been cleared Verbose When an error is made in using the instruments programming commands the verbose feature displays the command in which an error has been detected An error indicator will appear in the displayed command line immediately following the entry that caused the error This feature can help you troubleshoot programming problems You can exit the error history queue display to return to a measurement display by pressing the ESC or the Return key Show System Press System More 1 of 3 Show System to access the two page show system display The first page shows firmware and option information see Figure 2 1 Press More 2 of 3 to access the second page which shows option and hardware status information see Figure 2 2 Under the Show System menu is a key that enables you to enter a password and four information only keys in a lighter font that show the serial number model designation firmware revision and host ID for your instrument Diagnostics features require a service password The password is only available if the service guide has been purchased All service diagnostic features are described in the service guide Fro
10. 0 d EU 2 O o 2 Pressing the Uninstall Now key will activate the Yes No menu press the Yes key to continue your uninstall process or press the No key to cancel the uninstall process 3 Cycle the instrument power off and then on to complete the uninstall process Chapter 1 43 o o gt P 2 o c 7 o Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities Ordering Optional Measurement Personalities When you order a personality option you will receive an entitlement certificate Then you will need to go to the Web site to redeem your entitlement certificate for a license key You will need to provide your instrument serial number and host ID and the entitlement certificate number Required Information Front Panel Key Path Model Ex E4440A Host ID System Show System Instrument Serial Number System Show System 44 Chapter 1 Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 There are a variety of cables and adapters available for connecting to PCs and printers Several of these are documented in the following wiring diagrams You need to find out what connections your equipment uses to identify the cables and or adapters that you will need HP 34398A RS 232 Cable Kit This kit comes with an RS 232 9 pin female to 9 pin female null modem printer cable
11. aopr 1 254 Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 12 ACP Measurement Key Flow 2 of 2 page 168 O Meas Type Total Pwr Ref Total Pwr Ref PSD Ref Trig Source Free Run Immediate Free Run Immediate RF Burst IF Wideband Ext Front Ext Rear Fast ACP On Off Spectrum Trace On Off Limit Test On Off Restore Meas Defaults Bar Graph Spectrum Chapter 8 for FFT or Fast for FFT or Swp gt acpr 2 255 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 13 CHP Measurement Key Flow page 176 MEASURE Channel Power Meas Setup Avg Number 20 On Off Avg Mode Exp Repeat Integ BW 1 23000 MHz Chan Power Span 2 00000 MHz Restore Meas Defaults Advanced Sweep Time 68 0 us Auto Man Data Points 512 Auto Man Res BW 27 903 kHz Trig Source Free Run Immediate Free Run Immediate Video IF Envlp RF Burst IF Wideband Ext Front Ext Rear Scale Div 10 00 dB Ref Value 0 00 dBm Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling OnJOff
12. llle 133 SETAS the BIS sew gaat A ORE EUR GE EROR E REDE RE CE AGREE CREE s 134 Measurement Procedure i ie ek eras aoe qb LEY acp ERSEN EESE SEII E NOR CR RE d 135 Using Option BIC Baseband VQ Impulse omiso RR ROI ER RR ees 136 Baseband I Q Measurements Available for E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester 136 Baseband I Q Measurement Overview 0 ccc eee n 186 Baseband I Q Measurement Result Examples 00 0 00 c eee eee eens 137 Service Measurements 24 50 cece aks PERSO ATR ERE ERS ORES COREG REGS REESE CIE ES 141 Making the Power vs Time Measurement seen 142 COPOS oe RG AAA ee ee ee SEE ee ee AAA 142 Measimeneat Motbhod ic pw AA de eee RE ae 142 Making the Measurement s cic 424604400 rtis eared sete EG RR eases dae OR RE ea a 142 Frese 65 dake mee WR RAs E A ee he eh ee 143 Changing the Measurement Setup 0 ccc cece eee tence ence eens 144 i Maney Whe VIESEL ed RE XE pee Oe E DE heed 2 EO ac a Qa RR RU OE Rd ud 145 Contents Timebase Freguenty cara aras ub wr EE ESAE A EE Aag dE Rl senna oes 146 xong c MIN qM Kp c LED 146 Measurement Mella orinar Speck p deed dub pn erii a dc quc o dd eph 146 a D aiu peace deiode d CR Hd dade d den A D OR oe Re f tese 146 UD ee ee eee ee a rr dad ia ar iaa TTEN 147 SO MP APIO SA E REOR Rd A AA 148 O dx ds dus See esed uua dua dur pe E REX T bn fata bed 148 Measurement Method o o ooooooooooor ehh 148 Feel WCU lia a pA RS AA Es ARS AA dd t
13. 1 0 Waveform E A El io O E 7 lt o 3 1 7 Capture Tin The spectrum measurement result should look like the above figure The measurement result values are shown in the summary result window Step 6 Press the View Trace key to display a menu allowing selection of another measurement result display including the following Spectrum Provides a combination view of the spectrum graph in parameters of power versus frequency with semi log graticules and the I Q waveform graph in parameters of voltage and time Changes to frequency span or power will sometimes affect data acquisition This is equivalent to changing the selected window with the Next key Spectrum Time Domain I Q Waveform Key for PSA only This graph is shown below the Spectrum graph in the default dual window display 1 Q Waveform provides a view of the I Q waveform in parameters of voltage versus time in linear scale Changes to sweep time or resolution bandwidth can affect data acquisition Chapter 4 103 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Figure 4 3 Spectrum Time Domain Measurement I Q Waveform Result Agilent 11 01 37 Sep 29 2004 Basic Ch Freq 935 200 MHz IF Narrow Data Input Spectrum Freq Domain 5 Marker 4 237 us o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Capture Tim 104 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Mea
14. 2 of 3 Uninstall Verbose System Show Errors Video Mode Setup Trigger View Trace Front Panel Visible Align System Alignments Voltage Avg Meas Setup Average Avg Type Waveform MODE Basic Time Domain Waveform MODE Service Time Domain WindowLength Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Size Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum WMF Print Setup Print To File File Type Zoom Front Panel 66 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions Using Print and Print Setup Functions Keys in the Print Setup menus enable you to print displayed screen images to a variety of printers as a file in a variety of formats to the C drive flash memory or to the built in floppy disk drive The Print key is used to execute choices made in the Print Setup menus Printing a Displayed Screen 1 Connect a compatible printer via the parallel port on the rear panel 2 Press Print Setup then toggle the Print To key to select Printer 9 Press Printer Type then select Custom 4 Press Define Custom then select a Language either PCL3 or PCL5 In general modern laser printers use PCL5 while inkjet printers use PCL3 5 Select Color Printer Yes No depending on the capability of the printer 6 If your printer uses PCL5 you can select Orientation then Portrait or Landscape as appropriate Orientation is unavailable with PCL3
15. CCDF measurement 212 save features 71 Save State key 71 Scale Coupling key 96 Scale Div key 96 SCSI connection 33 Search key 100 select captured data 162 selecting a mode 86 262 selecting a printer 67 Sensors key 150 Serial Number key 78 Service key 141 Service menu 50 MHz Amptd 141 Front Panel Keys 141 Power vs Time 141 Sensors 141 Spectrum 141 Timebase 141 Waveform 141 service mode selecting 86 service password 78 set up the wideband IF 212 setting up the mode 87 Shape key 99 shipment verification list 177 Show Errors key 77 Show System key 78 SICL server keys 73 signal envelope view signal envelope window 208 signal envelope window 207 amplitude Y scale 208 reference position 208 reference value 208 scale coupling 208 scale per division 208 Slope key trigger menu 89 Span key 96 spectrum measurement 180 SPAN X Scale menu 96 spectrum all traces 192 206 averaged trace 192 206 changing views 103 187 current trace 192 206 Isignal trace 192 206 next window selection 187 Q signal trace 192 206 span X scale 159 192 trace display 191 206 view trace 103 187 zoom a window 187 Spectrum Frequency Domain key 180 212 222 spectrum measurement method 222 results 102 187 spectrum window 96 status keys 77 status info bar 37 stored data selection 162 Sweep Time key 96 196 Sync Source menu 90 system keys 56 T tab keys 30 telnet key
16. Chapter 7 237 g Q e n o gt lt 3 gt Our Promise Your Advantage If You Have a Problem Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support Services and Assistance Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support Services and Assistance Agilent Technologies aims to maximize the value you receive while minimizing your risk and problems We strive to ensure that you get the test and measurement capabilities you paid for and obtain the support you need Our extensive support resources and services can help you choose the right Agilent products for your applications and apply them successfully Every instrument and system we sell has a global warranty Support is available for at least five years beyond the production life of the product Two concepts underlie Agilent s overall support policy Our Promise and Your Advantage Our Promise means your Agilent test and measurement equipment will meet its advertised performance and functionality When you are choosing new equipment we will help you with product information including realistic performance specifications and practical recommendations from experienced test engineers When you use Agilent equipment we can verify that it works properly help with product operation and provide basic measurement assistance for the use of specified capabilities at no extra cost upon request Many self help tools are available Your Advantage mea
17. Current Views only the trace in yellow color for the latest data acquisition Trace for E4406A Views only the I signal trace Q Trace for E4406A Views only the Q signal trace SPAN X Scale Key Menu NOTE The Spectrum or Linear Spectrum for E4406A window must be active in the Spectrum or Spectrum Linear for E4406A view to access the following Span X Scale key menu Span Modifies the frequency span The range is 10 000 Hz to 10 000 MHz with 1 Hz resolution depending on the Res BW setting Changing the span causes the resolution bandwidth to change automatically and will affect data acquisition time The Span key is also accessible under the Meas Setup menu NOTE The 1 0 Waveform for E4406A window must be active in the Spectrum or Spectrum Linear for E4406A view to access the following Span X Scale key menu Scale Div Sets the horizontal scale by changing a time value per division The range is 1 00 ns to 1 00 s per division The default setting is 18 8 ms per division However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Q Oo c 7 o o oc gt oO x e Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 1 00 to 10 0 s The default setting is 0 00 s However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined
18. For a full explanation of the personality mode you have purchased see the documentation which comes with that option Basic This mode is useful for making measurements that are not preset to industry standards They can be used for troubleshooting your devices Press Mode Basic to switch to the basic mode and bring up the measurements menu For more information on these measurements go to Basic Measurements on page 92 Service These features will help you check the functionality of your instrument Press Mode Service to switch to the service mode and bring up the service measurements menu Features accessed through this menu include tests which check the timebase frequency the sensors on the RF board and the functionality of the front panel keys For more information on these features go to Service Measurements on page 141 The basic waveform and spectrum measurements are available as well as a power vs time measurement which is used only for self diagnostic purposes The measurement setup parameters that you select while in Service mode are only used for service mode The Basic mode settings are independent For descriptions of the spectrum and waveform measurements refer to Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements on page 101 and Waveform Time Domain Measurements on page 112 Note that spectrum and waveform measurements are available in each personality mode as well as in the basic and service modes Each with
19. I and Q Waveform View 3t Agilent 08 02 01 11 44 19 TRTLTTTS AAA Baseband 1 0 Haveform Time Domain Ses YS Haveform E A gt io O o 7 lt o 3 7 Figure 4 23 Waveform Measurement I and Q Waveform View amp Agilent 01 02 70 21 42 16 EDGE w GSM RILITIS BTS Baseband I Q Haveform Time Domain P GSM Te Linear Envelope I Q 2 1MR U Chapter 4 119 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 24 Figure 4 25 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Waveform Measurement I and Q Waveform View Agilent 06 27 01 22 32 38 cdma2000 BTS Baseband I Q Waveform Time Domain SR1 SS E I Waveform lodo o A lth eye vh Trig 0 00 ms 2 00 ms Q Waveform Afer trs Aigle nan ius Mnt Th pP d rie Trig Free 0 00 ms Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel Waveform Measurement I and Q Waveform View X Agilent 01 02 70 22 51 14 W CDMA w HSDPA IRILIT BTS Baseband I Q Waveform Time Domain 3GPP ae RD Y Scale Div 50 0 mV I Haveform voz 1M9 U Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales 120 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Input signal W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 1 DPCH
20. Keys Figure 5 10 Waveform Measurement Linear Envelope View X amp Agilent 01 02 70 21 29 51 IRILITIS Basic Baseband 1 0 Waveform Time Domain ho X Scale Div 20 us a y Linear Envelope I Q 2 1MR U Meas Setup View Trace Linear Envelope View GSM signal Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales CANCINO Chapter 5 203 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys e Q Waveform Provides a view of the I and Q waveforms together on the same graph in parameters of voltage versus time in linear scale Changes to sweep time or resolution bandwidth can affect data acquisition Figure 5 11 Waveform Measurement I Q Waveform View d Agilent 10 10 04 13 12 05 Basic IRILITIS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Waveform Time Domain A I 1 Q Waveform o 5 S NOTE For the widest spans the I Q Waveform window becomes just ADC 2 time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in c effect Ey Y NOTE For the widest spans the I Q Waveform window becomes just ADC time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in effect 204 Chapter5 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys and Q Waveform for E4406A Option B7C Provides a combination view of the I and Q signal waveform graphs in the linear scales Figure 5 12 Waveform Measurement I and Q Waveform View Agilent 1xEV DO BTS Ch Freq 1 93500 GHz Haveform Ti
21. O c o o o oc gt oO x ExtRF Atten Enters the external attenuation values The Ext RF Atten settings is coupled to the RF Input Range setting This will allow the instrument to display the measurement results referenced to the output of the UUT e Int Preamp For PSA Option 1DS or Option 110 Controls the internal RF input preamplifier The internal preamplifier provides 30 dB of gain and is useful for lower power measurements The Int Preamp setting default is Off RF power values displayed for these measurements are adjusted to compensate for the internal preamplifier gain and indicate power levels at the input port The preamplifier is only available for Modulation Accuracy EVM and Peak Code Domain Error measurements QPSK EVM and Code Domain measurements If the Int Preamp is not available for a particular measurement the key is grayed out To avoid damaging the internal preamplifier limit the total power 162 Chapter 5 Key Reference Front Panel Keys applied to the RF input to lt 25 dBm When using the internal preamplifier the electronic attenuator selections using the Input Atten key are not available and the key is grayed out Use the mechanical attenuator under More Attenuator below e Attenuator For PSA Option 1DS or Option 110 When Int Preamp is set to On this key controls an internal mechanical input attenuator setting The choices are 0 dB 10 dB and 20 dB The Attenuator key sho
22. Option BAF W CDMA Measurement Personality Option B78 cdma2000 Measurement Personality Option 202 GSM with EDGE Option 252 GSM to GSM with EDGE upgrade What are Baseband I Q Inputs Option B7C consists of a Baseband Input module four 50 O BNC connectors and internal cabling The four BNC connectors are grouped into pairs at the upper left corner of the front panel The upper two connectors labeled I and Q are the unbalanced inputs In practice an unbalanced or single ended baseband measurement of an I or Q signal is made using a probe connected to the I or Q connector A simultaneous I Q unbalanced single ended measurement may be made using two probes connected to the I and Q input connectors If balanced signals are available they may be used to make a more accurate measurement Balanced signals are signals present in two separate conductors are symmetrical about ground and are opposite in polarity or out of phase by 180 degrees Measurements using balanced signals can have a higher signal to noise ratio resulting in improving accuracy Noise coupled into each conductor equally in a common mode to both signals may be separated from the signal The measure of this separation is common mode rejection To make a balanced measurement the lower two connectors labeled FP and Q are used in conjunction with the I and Q inputs The terms I bar and Q bar may be applied to the signals as we
23. Reset Offset Display Displays the measurement without any offset of the frame clock Sync Source Accesses the menu to select one of the sources to be synchronized with For Option 122 or 140 The frame trigger will wait for and sync with the first external trigger that is received after sync is turned off After the sync is received the frame trigger stays locked to that event ignoring any later triggers The instrument will only resync if the measurement settings are changed or if an alignment occurs 1 Off Turns the synchronizing source off for asynchronous tests L RF Burst Wideband Selects the RF burst signal as the synchronizing source Not available with Option 122 or 140 when using the wideband IF path Ext Front Selects the external input signal from the front panel input port as the synchronizing source With Option 122 or 140 you can use the external front trigger setup menu to change the trigger level or delay 1 Ext Rear Selects the external input signal from the rear panel input port as the synchronizing source With Option 122 or 140 you can use the external rear trigger setup menu to change the trigger level or delay Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Trigger Default Settings RF Burst Delay 0 000 us Peak Level 6 00 dB Slope Pos Video Envlp Delay 0 000 us Level 6 00 dBm Slope Pos 166 Chapter 5 Key Reference Front Panel Keys Trig
24. Single and then pressing the Restart key each time the single measurement finishes Avg Type Allows you to select type of averaging Only the types of averaging that are appropriate for the current measurement are available in that measurement The following average types are available Pwr Avg Averages the power which is equivalent to the rms of Chapter 4 95 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements the voltage This is the default type of averaging Log Pwr Avg The log of the power is averaged This is also known as video averaging Voltage Avg The voltage is averaged Maximum The maximum values are retained Minimum The minimum values are retained Trigger Source Changing the Trig Source alters the trigger source for the current measurement only Not all of the selections are available for all measurements Note that the RF Burst Video Ext Front and Ext Rear menu keys found in the Trigger menu enable you to change settings to modify the delay level and slope for each of these trigger sources as described on page 89 Choose one of the following trigger sources Free Run Triggers at the time the data is requested completely asynchronous to the RF or IF signals Video Is an internal IF envelope trigger It triggers on an absolute threshold level of the signal passed by the IF RF Burst Is an internal wideband RF burst tri
25. Waveform Time Domain Keys horizontal time span for this measurement Scale Div Sets the horizontal scale by changing a time value per division The range is 1 0 ns to 1 000 s per division with 0 01 ns resolution The default setting is 200 0 us per division However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 1 0 to 10 0 s The default setting is 0 00 s However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off RefPosition Sets the reference position to either Left Ctr center or Right The default setting is Left Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off NOTE For E4406A if the 1 0 Polar window is active in the I Q Polar view the SPAN X Scale key accesses the following menu Q Scale Div Sets the vertical and horizo
26. e Agilent 01 02 70 21 42 16 EDGE w GSM IRILITIS BTS Baseband I Q Haveform Time Domain P GSM e n Ref 1 64 V Linear Envelope 1 50 E A gt io O o 7 lt o 3 1 7 BO ps Meas Setup View Trace Linear Envelope View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal EDGE Standard pattern 4 1s and 4 0s Chapter 4 117 o E E o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 21 NOTE NOTE Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements e Q Waveform Provides a view of the I and Q waveforms together on the same graph in parameters of voltage versus time in linear scale Changes to sweep time or resolution bandwidth can affect data acquisition Waveform Measurement I Q Waveform View X Agilent 10 10 04 13 12 05 Basic IRILITIS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Haveform Time Domain B lee 1 0 Waveform For the widest spans the I Q Waveform window becomes just ADC time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in effect For the widest spans the I Q Waveform window becomes just ADC time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in effect 118 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements and Q Waveform for E4406A Option B7C Provides a combination view of the I and Q signal waveform graphs in the linear scales Figure 4 22 Waveform Measurement
27. magnitude and phase errors e Code domain analysis including code specific metrics e CCDF f Q Single sideband SSB metrics for assessing output quality Basic analysis of I and Q signals in isolation including DC content rms and peak to peak levels CCDF of each channel Comparisons of measurements made at baseband and RF frequencies produced by the same device are especially revealing Once signal integrity is verified at baseband impairments can be traced to specific stages of up conversion amplification or filtering by RF analysis Likewise impairments to signal quality that are apparent at RF frequencies may be traceable to baseband using baseband analysis Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements The selection of baseband measurement probe s and measurement Chapter 6 225 s da9u09 Concepts Baseband l Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts method is primarily dependent on the location of the measurement point in the circuit The probe must sample voltages without imposing an inappropriate load on the circuit The following measurement methods may be used with baseband I Q inputs 50 Q Unbalanced This is the measurement method of choice if single ended or unbalanced baseband I and or Q signals are available in 50 Q coaxial transmission lines and are terminated in a coaxial connectors Adapters necessary to convert to a 50 Q BNC type male connector must be of 50 Q impedance The methods
28. 0 through 9 use the numeric keypad 4 To enter a space press the Space key which is available on both the letters and the symbols Alpha Editor menus 5 Press the Return front panel key to return to the previous menu without entering characters 6 If you need to correct a character you have entered you can use the backspace key to move the cursor in the active function area to the character you need to correct 7 Once you have completed entering all characters press the Done key 8 Pressing the ESC key at any time prior to pressing the Done key will clear the new entry and leave the previous entry unchanged Y o A El E 7 0 LL 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m 72 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using Input Output Configuration Keys Using Input Output Configuration Keys There are several keys available to help configure the instrument front panel and rear panel inputs outputs These include the various buses external reference and other types of IO Configuring I O Press System Config I O to access keys and menus that enable you to identify and change the current GPIB address to identify and change various LAN settings Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Entry System Config I O GPIB Address IP Address Host Name Alpha Editor Subnet Mask SCPI LAN Telnet Port Socket Port SICL Server Server Maximum Connections Instrument Name Instrument Logica
29. 00 dB per division or 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division respectively The default setting is 10 00 dB or 100 0 mV However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 dBm or 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 dBm or 0 00 V However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off RefPosition Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Ctr Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off NOTE The I or Q Waveform window must be active in the and Q Waveform view for E4406A for the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key to access the following menu e Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing the amplitude value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division
30. 10 MHz Out signal rear panel using a frequency counter referenced to a frequency standard Measurement Method The internal 10 MHz reference signal is compared with a reliable external 10 MHz signal which the user inputs into the front panel RF connector The transmitter tester subtracts its 10 MHz reference from the input signal and displays the frequency difference Test Setup An accurate external 10 MHz frequency signal such as a house standard is connected to an attenuator which attenuates the signal to 0 dB The attenuated 10 MHz signal is connected to the RF input of the transmitter tester Pressing Mode Service Measure Timebase Frequency will result in the display of data described below When setting up this test ensure that the reference is set to internal To check this press System Reference The Freq Ref menu key allows you to toggle between Int internal and Ext external Make sure Int is underlined 146 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Timebase Frequency Results Window One Time Record Shows an I Q display of the frequency difference between the input signal and the internal 10 MHz signal Window Two Magnitude Shows a polar representation of window one This window shows how much the phase error changes during the sampling period Window Three Freq Error Shows a stripchart of the timebase error in MHz vs time Each dot on the horizontal axis is one sampling period Window Four numeric re
31. 14 Getting Started This chapter introduces you to basic features of the instrument including front panel keys rear panel connections and display annotation You will also find out how to make a basic measurement and install applications 15 le 2 El o 0 4 E O Qa Getting Started Topics include What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester on page 17 The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements on page 21 Front Panel Keys Context Dependency on page 22 Front Panel Description on page 26 Rear Panel Description on page 32 Display Annotation on page 35 Installing Optional Measurement Personalities on page 38 Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 on page 45 Safety Considerations on page 51 o o gt P 2 o c 7 o 16 Chapter 1 Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester With your purchase of the instrument you receive the following materials Table 1 1 Standard Documentation Part Description Notes User s Guide Does not include operational information on the optional measurement personalities Specifications Includes specifications for the transmitter tester and all optional measurement personalities Special options will be documented elsewhere Programmer s Gu
32. 198 resolution bandwidth 177 resolution bandwidth filter 198 sweep time 177 trigger source 177 Align 50 MHz Reference key 82 Align ADC key 82 Align All Now key 81 Align Current IF Flatness key 82 Align Current Sysgain key 82 Align IF key 82 Align RF key 82 Align Subsystems key 81 alignment keys 77 alignment signal 163 Alignments key 81 Alpha Editor key 72 amplitude Y scale reference position 160 179 reference value 160 179 scale coupling 160 179 scale per division 160 179 annunciator bar 37 application modes available 78 application notes 19 Auto Align key 81 Auto Trig key trigger menu 89 Averaging menu Avg Mode key 95 Avg Number key 95 Avg Type key 95 B Band Pwr key 99 Baseband IQ measurements 136 Basic key 92 basic mode selecting 86 bus configuration keys 73 C cables RS 232 45 calibration 81 IF alignment 163 calibration keys 77 captured data selection 162 CCDF measurement 212 channel selecting the 90 channel power advanced menu 219 amplitude Y scale 160 179 changing display 160 179 channel bandwidth 219 power spectral density 219 time record length 219 Choose Option key 42 computers RS 232 cables 45 configuring I O 73 context dependency map mode 23 context dependency maps front panel 25 measure 24 mode 24 copyrights 2 corrections wideband ADC corrections 213 Corrections key 83 Corrections Off error annunciator 36 custom print
33. 75 kHz Signal Amptd DAC 500 Signal Type CW Q Oo c 7 o o oc gt oO x 164 Chapter 5 NOTE Key Reference Front Panel Keys Trigger Key Menu Key Path Mode Setup Trigger trigger type The actual trigger source is selected individually for each measurement under the Meas Setup key Chapter 5 165 RF Burst Video Envip Ext Front Ext Rear Pressing any one of these trigger keys accesses the following triggering condition setup menu This menu is used to specify the Delay Level and Slope settings for each trigger source as follows Delay Enters a numerical value to modify the trigger delay time The range is 100 0 to 4500 0 ms with 1 us resolution For trigger delay use a positive value and for pre trigger use a negative value Level Enters a numerical value to adjust the trigger level depending on the trigger source selected For RF Burst the key label reads as Peak Level The RF level range is 25 00 to 0 00 dB with 0 01 dB resolution relative to the peak RF signal level The realistic range can be down to 20 dB 1 For Video Envlp the video level range is 200 00 to 50 00 dBm with 0 01 dB resolution at the RF input The realistic range can be down to around 50 dBm depending on the noise floor level of the input signal 1 For Ext Front or Ext Rear the level range is 5 00 to 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Slope Toggles the trigger slope b
34. A A EEE Service Password System Information HN1 IDEN f dum Prev Page System Local Pressing the System front panel key will return the instrument to local control if the instrument was in remote mode being controlled by an external computer Y 0 h gt E 7 ru 7 3 YN gt 7 2 E YN 80 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys Alignment Press System Alignments to access menus which enable you to align the instrument Press the ESC key to stop any alignment The table below diagrams the paths through which you will access alignment feature keys The feature in the cell that is greyed out requires a password Front Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Panel Key System Alignments Auto Align On Alert Off Align All Now Align Subsystems Align RF Align IF Align ADC Align 50 MHz Reference Align Current IF Flatness Align Current Sysgain Corrections On Off Time Corr Auto On Off Restore AlignDefaults Visible Align Off Low High Auto Align Defaults to the alert state When set to Alert the auto align feature causes a message to appear 24 hours after the last alignment to tell you that the instrument needs to be aligned This message will also appear ifthere is a change of ambient temperature greater than 3 C Use the Align All Now key If the message has appeared and then th
35. Assembly Unplug All Boards Connected to CPU When Removing CPU Keep Perpendicular with Rear Panel o g E o d EU 2 O o Chapter 1 53 Getting Started Safety Considerations ke o E L S 7 o E 7 6 54 Chapter 1 Using System Features System keys access features that are used with all modes including alignment configuring I O and file management o E io o lt 7 c 3 E lo EU Ll E 7 55 Y 0 h El E 7 LL 7 3 YN gt 7 2 E YN NOTE Using System Features Using System Keys Using System Keys System features are accessed through the System front panel key These are features that are not dependent on the currently selected application mode or the particular measurement being made They apply to all modes and measurements The System key also performs the LOCAL function If the instrument was previously being controlled remotely by a computer pressing the System key will reactivate the front panel keys Print feature keys are accessed through the front panel Print Setup and Print keys which are explained on page 67 File feature keys are accessed through the File and Save menu keys which are explained on page 71 Each description of a system feature begins with a table that shows the key path for all keys related to that feature Most of the system features are not affected by pre
36. Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 6 Spectrum Freq Domain Measurement Key Flow 3 of 3 page 180 and Q Waveform SPAN X Scale Span 1 00000 MHz Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 0 00 V Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off Span 1 00000 MHz Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 0 00 V Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off Trace Display All lt for Spectrum and Spectrum Linear Window gt All Average E Current Select 1 2 3 4 Normal Delta Function Off Band Power Noise Off Trace Spectrum w spcirm linear Spectrum O Spectrum Avg Spectrum Linear lt for E4406A gt Spectrum Avg Linear 1 Q Waveform Waveform lt for E4406A gt Q Waveform sl Off Shape Diamond Diamond Line Square Cross Marker All Off w spctrm4 marker Chapter 8 249 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 7 Waveform Time Domain Measurement Key Flow 1 of 4 page 196 Waveform Time Domain Swe
37. Display key Resets the display of the Offset key to Os Sync Source menu key See keys listed below Sync Source key menu Off key Deactivates any sync source trigger that has been selected and returns you to the frame timer menu Ext Front key Synchronizes the measurement to an external sync source such as a frame clock signal The starting point is the point coinciding with the external trigger point plus the external trigger delay Ext Rear key Synchronizes the measurement to an external sync source such as a frame clock signal The starting point is the point coinciding with the external trigger point plus the external trigger delay Selecting the Frequency Channel Use the FREQUENCY Channel front panel key to set the center frequency or select the channel for the measurement you want to make 90 Chapter 3 E A gt io O E 7 lt o 3 E 7 Making Measurements This chapter describes measurements that are available in the Basic and Service modes Basic mode measurements are common to many modulation formats Service mode measurements are used to check the functionality of the instrument 91 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements Basic Measurements Basic Measurements Basic measurements are useful for making measurements that are not specified in measurement standards and will be useful if you need to t
38. E 82 E A Mr C HS 81 Ei IF EB EOER cososco ed erbe n end rin orientate under mann eee oan 82 o a tea a Bs EcL MI Ic eM rr thet trent tery DA ded teres errr 82 A E a O S E E M ETE P A E OA EEA EE OA A E A abri ipa vid Uu do Vado ee 82 Frog ii A A A A E A E E id 82 A A Vei vimedem Dp HR eHow cae bat tm D seb TU DR bri Rd oder beber in 81 DUES caes etiatn ete eter Perret eer eg dL Cei sul eH Paus Ie D ida 81 A O TS 72 SA A E EE E A aed 81 PITER EA ERAEN EA E AE AEA AN A E E cr S 89 O 95 A E PEN 95 pu D donata bt MAE AME NH Li ct E EU e Cid cum as 95 Fondo c 95 Fou A 95 Bund PSRWEE uc ae ces E eae ait eel oben Tcu exi pa ean Ede a d iR Ec EUR 99 e EEE A E 86 A e tienes 145 A A e M P Gant 86 Clear Error Feel auae c ibn e VUE bn dia ai CUR Die ipa eeu pad a VR D FER td Vai itd Died RR 11 A DESDE dud EI MI E MEL CIIM I teaee 67 Color Prie a iier m UHR DU ERE ERU Data pcs ele 67 UIDES M em PEN NE I E UT E 73 CAPI Eom 82 CAVE A ME HMM AAA A A A E E 97 CASO crei br l 67 Define CAOS AAA A A A A AAA 67 A oo Ren cae T MAR E Dates tesa Ud een der E eM NE ee 89 i o mec T hcaeache ete eed 99 qd o 67 Burdlsted CEIR AA t reme ist ua RE A E RE 74 Eulate d Gr TE Logical Us 74 Hari E A A A OS 74 A A TET 81 O 75 D dcoondee ne NIMM ea 90 ESE o aana 90 Pile Loca oien umm 69 Fae A a 69 Eene E Ac
39. GND cD ScD 12 19 SRTS 19 12 DTR 20 5 DB25 DB25 DB25 DB25 Female Male Male Female ca84a 46 Chapter 1 Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 Figure 1 10 HP 24542M Modem Cable 24542M Instrument Modem Cable 1 8 2 3 3 2 4 20 5 7 6 6 7 4 8 5 9 22 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Male Female ca88a Figure 1 11 HP C2913A C2914A Cable C2913A C2914A Instrument gable PC y 1 3 3 RX 4 4 RTS 5 5 CTS 6 6 DSR 7 7 GND 20 20 DTR C2913A DB25 DB25 DB25 DB25 Female Male Female Male C2914A DB25 DB25 DB25 DB25 Female Male Male Female ca89a Figure 1 12 Mouse Adapter typical Typical Mouse o g El io 7 d EU 2 O o Instrument Adapter 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 20 9 22 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Female Male Female Male A mouse adapter works well as a 9 pin to 25 pin adapter with a PC ca810a Chapter 1 47 Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 Figure 1 13 HP 24542U Cable with 5181 6641 Adapter 24542U 5181 6641 Instrument Cable Adapter Black PC 1 1 1 2 TX 3 3 3 4 RTS 4 4 4 5 CTS 5 5 5 6 DSR 6 6 6 7 GND 7 7 7 8 DCD 8 8 8 20 DTR 9 9 9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Female Male ca811a Figure 1 14 HP 24542U Cable with 5181 6640 Adapter 24542U 5181 6640 Instrument Cable Adapter White PO Printer 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 20 9 9 9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 D
40. Gain and output power levels of the power amplifier caused by degraded gain control and or increased distortion Amplifier linearity Power amplifiers are one of the final stage elements of a base or mobile transmitter and are a critical part of meeting the important power and spectral efficiency specifications Since ACPR measures the spectral response of the amplifier to a complex wideband signal it is a key measurement linking amplifier linearity and other performance characteristics to the stringent system specifications If an external attenuator is used be sure to use the Ext RF Atten key to include the attenuation value in the displayed measurement result E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 For more information on ACP measurements see Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement Concepts on page 218 Chapter 4 129 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 34 Making Measurements Channel Power Measurements Channel Power Measurements This section explains how to make a cellular measurement on a cellular mobile station This test measures the total RF power present in the channel The results are displayed graphically as well as in total power dB and power spectral density dBm Hz Configuring the Measurement System The mobile station MS under test has to be set to transmit the RF power remotely through the system controller This transmitting signal is
41. Help key 31 Home key 30 Host ID key 78 Host Name key 73 HP 13242G Cable 46 HP 24542G H Cable 46 HP 24542M Cable 47 HP 24542U Cable 45 48 49 HP 5181 6639 Adapter 49 50 HP 5181 6640 Adapter 48 49 HP 5181 6641 Adapter 48 49 HP 5181 6642 Adapter 48 50 HP 922193 Cable 46 HP C2913A C2914A Cable 47 HP F1047 80002 Cable 45 49 50 HP sales and service offices 239 I I and Q waveform view I or Q waveform window 193 I waveform window 209 Q waveform window 209 Tor Q waveform window amplitude Y scale 193 reference position 194 reference value 194 scale coupling 194 scale per division 193 span X scale reference position 159 192 207 reference value 159 192 207 scale coupling 159 192 207 scale per division 159 192 207 Iorigin I Q polar window 207 210 I Origin key 193 194 I waveform window 260 amplitude Y scale 209 reference position 210 scale coupling 210 scale per division 209 I O configuring 73 I Q Input Z key 88 I Q Polar view waveform measurement 207 210 I Q polar view I Q polar window 193 194 207 210 I Q polar window amplitude Y scale 194 I Q scale per division 193 194 Q Origin 193 194 Iorigin 207 210 I Q scale per division 207 210 Q origin 207 210 span X scale 193 194 I Origin 193 194 I Q scale per division I Q polar window 207 210 I Q Scale Div key 193 194 I Q Waveform key 96 I Q waveform view I Q waveform window 209
42. I Q waveform window 207 amplitude Y scale 209 reference position 210 reference value 209 scale coupling 210 scale per division 209 IF Align key 163 IF Align Signal menu Signal Amptd key 88 Signal Rate key 88 Signal Type key 88 IF alignment signal 163 IF filter gain setup 212 IF Flat Corr key 213 IF Flatness advanced spectrum feature 184 IF path filter alpha 212 bandwidth 212 setup 212 type 212 IF setup 212 input external attenuator 162 IF alignment signal signal amplitude 163 signal rate 163 signal type 163 input attenuator 162 163 input port rf 162 Input Atten key 88 input attenuation 88 input configuration 73 input key menu 162 Input menu 50 MHz Ref key 87 I Q key 87 Port key 87 RF key 87 input port 50 MHz reference 162 IF align 162 input output wideband IF alignment 163 input output keys 73 inputs external trigger 31 Iand Q 31 Install Now key 42 Installing and Obtaining a license key 41 installing measurement personalities 38 Internal RF Preamplifier 162 IP Address key 73 K key access path 57 key access table 57 key entries 57 key menu maps 22 keyboard attaching external 33 keywords for licensing 78 L LAN keys 73 LAN TP connector 33 Length Ctrl key 183 Length key 183 Level key trigger menu 89 license key obtaining and installing 41 license keys installed 78 licenses 2 Line key 96 line power input 33 linear enve
43. Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys derived from the data points and the number of FFT segments Data Points Allows you to toggle the control function of the number of data points between Auto and Man manual and to set the number of data points ranging from 64 to 65536 If set to Auto the optimum number of points 2 6 where n 0 to 11 for the fastest measurement time with acceptable repeatability is automatically determined The minimum number of points that could be used is determined by the sweep time and the sampling rate You can increase the length of the measured time record capture more of the burst by increasing the number of points but the measurement will take longer 1 Res BW This key is always grayed out However it allows you to see the resolution bandwidth that is derived from the combination of sweep time data points and FFT segments T Num FFT Seg The automatic mode selects the optimum number of FFT segments to measure the offset while making the fastest possible measurement L1 Relative Atten Allows you to set a relative amount of attenuation for the measurements made at your offsets The amount of attenuation is always specified relative to the attenuation that is required to measure the carrier channel Since the offset channel power is lower than the carrier channel power less attenuation is required to measure the offset channel and you get wider dynamic range for the measu
44. Preparing for Measurements All measurements need to be set up in 3 steps first at the Mode level second at the Measurement level then finally the result display may be adjusted For details on setting up a measurement using these three steps refer to The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements on page 93 Using Measure Keys The MEASURE front panel key allows you to activate one measurement from those available in the current mode The measurements that are available will vary depending on which mode you have selected It may be a measurement personality mode the basic mode or the service mode Measurement Control Following your selection of the instrument mode and mode setup you will use keys in the Meas Control keys to control processes that affect the running of the current measurement Measure Toggles between Single and Cont for continuous measurement states When set to Single the measurement will continue until it has reached the specified number of averages set by the average counter When set to Cont the measurement will run continuously and perform averaging according to the current average type repeat or exponential The default is continuous See Averaging on page 95 for an explanation of averaging Pause Pauses the current measurement Once toggled the label of the Pause key changes to read Resume Measurement settings can be change while it is paused The Resume key continues the active measur
45. Save Print a View of the AMPLITUDE Y Scale Print Setup Marker Results Display Search E4406 Chapter 1 Next Window Zoom 21 o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O o Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency Front Panel Keys Context Dependency Many of the instrument features are context dependent The functions that are available will change based on your selections of mode mode setup measurement and measurement setup The following figures represent the dependency relationships of the front panel keys Figure 1 1 System and Navigation Keys are not Context Dependent Print Setup Print Navigation Window Tab 5 Reum Ese Next Zoom Window o o gt P 2 o c 7 o 22 Chapter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency Figure 1 2 These Features are Dependent on the Selected Mode and the Mode Setup cdmaOne Mode Setu i P P Standard TIA 95B PCS Radio Device MS BS Input Spectrum Freg Domain Trigger mia Spurious Close Channel Power Demod Averaging in 7 EXA ES U RF Chan View Setup Frame mece Advanced E Limits Statistics View z Spectrum View 1 Q View gt SPAN X Scal
46. TRTLTTTS Ai IA Baseband 1 0 Spectrum Freq Domain Linear Spectrum E zx E io O g 7 c E o 3 E 7 W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 Downlink 1 DCPH Baseband I Q Inputs Waveform Time Domain Measurement There are two new views with baseband I Q input Waveform Time Domain measurements the Linear Envelope view with the vertical scale in volts and the I and Q Waveform view with separate windows for the I and Q traces Chapter 4 139 Making Measurements Using Option B7C Baseband l Q Inputs Figure 4 42 Waveform Linear Envelope Baseband I Q Inputs 3 Agilent 08 01 01 17 00 31 RLT Baseband I Haveform Time Domain pas Erud X Scale Div 10 8us Linear Envelope y A Hi H T n T E ps j i In Iu AW 1 i i iy y id i r INTE Phase EMT A 2 E n pie sh W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 Downlink 1 DCPH Baseband I Q Inputs o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o x Figure 4 43 I and Q Waveform View Baseband I Q Inputs se Agilent 08 02 01 11 44 19 AAA Baseband 1 0 Haveform Time Domain E ENG Y scale Div 20 8 mV I Waveform W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 Downlink 1 DCPH Baseband I Q Inputs 140 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Service Measurements Service Measurements Service measurements help you check the functionality of your instrument They include a power vs time measurement which is intended strictly for diagnostic us
47. The default setting is 100 0 mV However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the Chapter 5 193 ESTE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Position Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Ctr Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On The Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values by the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off NOTE The 1 0 Polar window must be active in the I Q Polar view for E4406A for the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key to access the following menu Q Scale Div Sets the vertical and horizontal scales by changing the value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV Origin or Q O
48. X scale display in units of time Ref Position key This key allows you to place the current reference level on the left the center or the right of the display This is used for X scale display either in units of frequency or time Scale Coupling key This key couples the scale division to the Chapter 4 97 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E NOTE Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements sweep time for measurements made in the time domain Amplitude Y Scale Keys Scale Div key This key enables you to set the dB Division for the Spectrum and the RF Envelope windows or V Division for the I Q window Ref Value key This key allows you to set the value of the reference in units of dB for the RF Envelope window or in units of mV for the I Q window Ref Position key This key allows you to move the current reference level to the top center or bottom of the display Using Markers Markers enable you to make measurements on screen Keys in the Marker menu control the number and types of markers you can access Trace keys allow you to select the trace on which you will activate a marker The Search key enables you to perform an immediate peak search and activate a marker at the peak signal Paths to access any of the features listed below will be found next to the specific key listed in the key access table which begins on page 57 Trace The Trace keys allow you to select th
49. a signal in parameters of frequency and power Changes to frequency span or power will sometimes affect data acquisition For more details see the section on spectrum measurements Signal Envelope window Select this window to view a signal in parameters of time and power For more detail see the section on waveform measurements Both RF and BbIQ signals can be viewed in this window I Q Waveform window Select this window to view the I and Q signal characteristics of the current measurement in parameters of voltage and time This window is in both the spectrum and waveform measurements E zx E io O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 Press View Trace Spectrum to view a spectrum measurement window or View Trace Waveform to view a waveform measurement window Trace Display All Displays both the current and the average trace Average Displays only the average trace The average trace is shown in blue Current Displays only the trace for the latest data acquisition The current trace is shown in yellow Span X Scale Keys Span key This key allows you to modify the frequency span Changes in span may affect data acquisition Scale Div key This key allows you to modify the X scale parameter in units of time Sweep Time key This key allows you to modify sweep time Changes in sweep time will affect data acquisition Ref Value key This key allows you to set the value of the reference level for
50. along with measurement data at specified offset Configuring the Measurement System The mobile station MS under test has to be set to transmit the RF power remotely through the system controller This transmitting signal is connected to the instruments RF input port Connect the equipment as shown Adjacent Channel Power Ratio Measurement System SIGNAL GENERATOR CONTROLLER RF OUTPUT 10 MHz OUT Frequency Reference EXT REF IN O 0000 gano n 000000 Serial Bus RF INPUT PSA OR E4406A ba86a 1 Using the appropriate cables adapters and circulator connect the output signal from the MS to the RF input port of the instrument 2 Connect the base transmission station simulator or signal generator to the MS through a circulator to initiate a link constructed with the sync and pilot channels if required 3 Connect a BNC cable between the 10 MHz OUT port of the signal generator and the EXT REF IN port of the instrument 4 Connect the system controller to the MS through the serial bus cable to control the MS operation Setting the MS From the base transmission station simulator and the system Chapter 4 125 E zx E io O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 o 2 E o o 5 7 o z o E Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Making Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements controller set up a call u
51. alpha for cosine and Nyquist filters applied within the wideband digital IF This filter alpha is the ratio of transition bandwidth divided by 2 to filter bandwidth Pressing Filter Alpha allows you to enter this numeric value 1 Filter BW Specifies the bandwidth of the filter with respect to the sample rate i e BW sample rate of channel filter Sample Rate Sets the sampling rate This parameter is coupled with the Meas BW Changes to either Sample Rate or Meas BW will affect both parameters Block Size Shows the number of samples within one Meas Interval This key is for information only It is always grayed out 212 Chapter 5 Key Reference Power Stat CCDF Keys Wideband Advanced Accesses the advanced settings for the wideband IF hardware path NOTE Parameters under the Wideband Advanced key seldom need to be changed Any changes from the default advanced values may result in invalid measurement data ADC Corr Turning corrections on performs an ADC calibration to reduce the spectral image and applies the corrections L IF Flat Corr Turns IF flatness corrections on and off in all wideband IF measurements 1 WB ADC Dither Toggles the wideband dither signal on or off The ADC dither refers to the introduction of noise to the digitized steps of the analog to digital converter the result is an improvement in amplitude accuracy Use of the ADC dither however reduces the dynamic range by
52. and one adapter 9 pin male to 25 pin female HP part number 5181 6641 The adapter is also included in HP 34399A RS 232 Adapter Kit HP 34399A RS 232 Adapter Kit This kit includes four adapters to go from DB9 female cable HP 34398A to PC printer DB25 male or female or to modem DB9 female or DB25 female Figure 1 5 HP 24542U Cable 24542U Instrument Cable PC 1 1 DCD 2 2 RX 3 3 TX 4 4 DTR p 5 5 GND 6 6 DSR E 7 7 RTS a 8 8 CTS S 9 9 RI 3 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 x Male Female Female Male ca85a Figure 1 6 HP F1047 80002 Cable F1047 80002 Instrument Cable PC DCD 1 4 DCD X s L x TX 3 3 TX DTR 4 4 DTR DSR 6 6 DSR cts s gt lt ers CTS 8 8 CTS 9 9 RI DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 Male Female Female Male ca86a Chapter 1 45 3 o E LI S 7 o E 7 6 Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 Figure 1 7 HP 24542G H Cable 24542G H Instrument Cable PC DCD 1 2 TX TX 3 4 RTS DTR a AE CTS GND d an DSR DSR 6 7 GND DTE e CTS 8 20 DTR RI 9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 end Male Female Female Male DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 oes Male Female Male Female ca87a Figure 1 8 HP 92219J Cable 92219J Instrument Cable PC 1 1 e fra RX 3 3 RX RTS 4 4 RTS CTS 5 5 CTS DSR 6 6 DSR GND 7 7 GND DTR 20 20 DTR DB25 DB25 DB25 DB25 Female Male Female Male ca83a Figure 1 9 HP 13242G Cable 13242G Instrument Cable PC Printer Rx LOL RX RTS s DSR
53. approximately 3 dB It should only be turned off when measuring a noise like signal and the 1 to 2 dB extra dynamic range is needed The wideband dither control does not affect the ADC dither in the narrowband IF path T Trig Interp This key toggles the Trigger interpolation function on or off Trigger Key path Meas Setup Trig Source NOTE Changing the selection in the Trig Source menu alters the trigger source for the selected measurement only RF Burst Video Envip An internal IF envelope trigger that occurs at the absolute threshold level of the signal passed by the IF signal level Ext Front Activates the front panel external trigger input EXT TRIGGER INPUT port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Ext Rear Activates the rear panel external trigger input TRIGGER IN port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Trig Holdoff Sets the period of time before the next trigger can occur The range is 0 000 us to 500 0 ms with 1 us resolution For Option 122 or 140 When the wideband path is selected the trigger holdoff is the minimum time that must occur between trigger events before a trigger is accepted For example a rising Chapter 5 213 ESTE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Power Stat CCDF Keys edge external trigger with a 10 ms holdoff will not trigger until at least 10 ms has passed d
54. are as follows I only measurement using one single ended probe connected to the I input connector available in the Basic mode Q only measurement using one single ended probe connected to the Q input connector available in the Basic mode I Q measurement using two single ended probes connected to the I and Q input connectors 600 Balanced This is the measurement method of choice if balanced baseband signals having a 600 O impedance are available The methods are as follows I only measurement using one differential probe or two single ended probes connected to the I and I inputs available in the Basic mode Q only measurement using one differential probe or two single ended probes connected to the Q and Q inputs available in the Basic mode I Q measurement using two differential probes or four single ended probes connected to the I Q I and Q input connectors e 1 MQ Unbalanced High input impedance is the measurement method of choice if single ended or unbalanced baseband signals to be measured lie in a trace on a circuit board and are sensitive to loading by the probe This is the default input connector setting When making 1 MQ measurements the reference input impedance may be adjusted 1 MQ unbalanced measurements may be made as follows I only measurement using one single ended probe connected to the I input connector available in the Basic mode 7 E a c fe iS
55. ee qe Ee SW NU vk bee iur qe 32 Piel ay BOO pace eed ad edd debes EIA qub v Ede 35 Installing Optional Measurement Personalities 0 ccc cece ene eee 38 Do You Have Enough Memory to Load All Your Personality Options 38 How to Predict Your Memory Requirements sees cence eee nes 40 Loading an Optional Measurement Personality 0 00 0 cece cece een eee 41 Obtaining and Installing a License Key 0 000 ccc cee tenes 42 Viewing a License Key siones eei awh REPERIO AA A RE 108 42 Using the Uninstall Key on E4400 l icp oak cake ee See ROO Re eee 43 Ordering Optional Measurement Personalities 0000 cee tenes 44 Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port REO sick dae iaaa steko Le etk donne ota daca eea dashed a byuee ceded dean aoa 45 pulete Considerations 2o pU eT VER DUE ERE ROB VR ERE ree NEE RA REL 51 Instrument Installation AAA e eR C RR OE D AAA dade 51 Instrument Operation and Maintenance 00 0 ce ees 52 2 Using System Features E A olii doe b EROR TE RE DR A ee Ed s MOD Ue RR a o d 56 Instal and Liwngskallakg usas xe S WERE CREE WAGE E AA A A S XXE RN MEOS A 56 To MISCUIT A E E A E ee tebe hk wea ees 57 Using Print and Print Setup Fonctions sobr era a ees REPRE aes 67 Printing a Displayed Berean io oe ke eee ERR ee eh ew 67 Printing a Screen Image to a File on A or C Drives 0 0c eee eee 69 Using Wile ord Save Reve cc see A derek ebb A en ee whee
56. is independent of all other modes Mode Setup accesses menu keys that affect parameters that are specific to the current mode and affect all measurements within that mode 7 System keys access system features that are used with all instrument modes See Using System Keys on page 56 for further explanation of system features System accesses features that control instrument configuration at the system level like I O configuration and alignment which affect all instrument modes Pressing System also returns the instrument to local control if it has been in remote mode Preset resets all parameters of the current mode back to the factory defaults Print immediately prints what is on the screen to the printer or saves a file to a floppy disc according to the parameters that are currently set in the Print Setup menu See Using Print and Print Setup Functions on page 67 for more detail Print Setup configures the transmitter tester for printing to a printer or saving an image file to the floppy disc drive and also allows you to select the printer type File accesses menu keys that control the file system of the transmitter tester for saving and loading instrument states See Using File and Save Keys on page 71 for more detail Save saves the current instrument state in the File menu See Using File and Save Keys on page 71 for more detail 8 Marker keys are used to obtain specific information
57. of the displayed data values by turning off the spectrum trace in Meas Setup aouasaj0y Aoy Chapter 5 175 Key Reference Channel Power Keys Channel Power Keys NOTE You must have selected Channel Power at Key Path MEASURE to use these menus Measurement Setup Key Menu Key Path Meas Setup Avg Number Allows you to change the number of N averages Avg Mode Allows you to toggle the averaging mode between Exp exponential and Repeat This selection only effects on the averaging result after the number of N averages is reached The N is set using the Avg Number key Normal averaging Normal linear averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached When the Measure key under Meas Control is set to Single data acquisition is stopped when the number of N averages is reached thus Avg Mode has no effect in the single measurement mode Exponential averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely Exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N the displayed count of averages stops at N Exponential averaging weights new data more heavily than old data which allows tracking of slow changing signals The weighting factor N is set using the Avg Number key Repeat averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely After the number of N averages is reached all previous result data is cleared and the avera
58. offset Offset Freq Allows you to enter an offset frequency value and toggle the offset function between On and Off The range is 0 0 Hz to 45 000 MHz While this key is activated enter an offset value from the numeric keypad by terminating with one of the frequency unit keys shown Offsets A and B are defaulted as follows for BS tests while others are defaulted to 0 0 Hz and Off Offset A 750 00 kHz On Offset B 1 9800 MHz On One offset frequency center value corresponding to the Offset menu selection is shown on this key label Offset Side Choose Neg negative or Pos positive to have Chapter 5 169 CANCINO Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys single sided offsets relative to the carrier or Both the default to have offset frequency pairs Ref BW Allows you to enter a reference bandwidth ranging from 300 Hz to 20 0000 MHz with the best resolution of 1 Hz When this parameter is changed the integration bandwidth Integ BW in the summary data window changes to that value Avg Type Choose the type of averaging between Pwr Avg RMS or Maximum Limit Setup Allows you to access the menu to setup the limit values and conditions I Abs Limit Allows you to enter an absolute limit value ranging from 200 00 to 450 00 dBm with 0 01 dB resolution 1 Fail Allows you to access the following menu to select one of the logic keys for fail conditions between the measurement
59. on operating more than one probe make sure you provide sufficient external power sources as required Baseband I Q Measurement Views Measurement result views made in the Basic mode or by other compatible optional personalities are available for baseband signals if they relate to the nature of the signal itself Many measurements which relate to the characteristics baseband I and Q signals have when mixed and up converted to signals in the RF spectrum can be made as well However measurements which relate to the characteristics of an up 228 Chapter 6 Concepts Baseband I Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts converted signal that lie beyond the bandwidth available to the Baseband I Q Input circuits can not be measured the limits are up to 5 MHz bandwidth for individual I and Q signals and up to 10 MHz for composite I Q signals Some measurement views are appropriate for use with both RF and baseband I Q signals without any modification while other views must be altered Some examples of measurements with identical results views are QPSK EVM Code Domain and CCDF For Spectrum measurements identical views include the I and Q Waveform view and the I Q Polar view For Waveform measurements identical views include the I Q Waveform view the Signal Envelope view and the I Q Polar view At RF frequencies power measurements are conventionally displayed on a logarithmic vertical scale in dBm units whereas measurements of ba
60. programmer can also send a message to the Status Info bar using a SCPI command 37 o o gt P 2 o c gt 7 o Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities Installing Optional Measurement Personalities When you install a measurement personality you need to follow a three step process 1 Determine whether your memory capacity is sufficient to contain all the options you want to load If not decide which options you want to install now and consider upgrading your memory Details follow in Do You Have Enough Memory to Load All Your Personality Options on page 38 2 Install the measurement personality firmware into the instrument memory Details follow in Loading an Optional Measurement Personality on page 41 9 Enter a license key that activates the measurement personality Details follow in Obtaining and Installing a License Key on page 42 Adding measurement personalities requires the purchase of an upgrade kit for the desired option The upgrade kit contains the measurement personality firmware and an entitlement certificate that is used to generate a license key from the internet website A separate license key is required for each option on a specific instrument serial number and host ID For the latest information on Agilent Spectrum Analyzer options and upgrade kits visit the following web location http www agilent com find sa upgrades Do You Have Enough Mem
61. specific key Avg Number 20 OnJOff This box represents one of the default condition menu keys displayed Default conditions are shown as much as possible with underlined parameters or values displayed on those menu key labels Follow the measurement diagram from left to right and top to bottom Asingle menu key may allow multiple choices For example the Device menu key reveals two choices Base or Mobile The underlined choice is the current state of the instrument To change choices press the menu key one time When entering a numeric value of FREQUENCY for example use the numeric keypad and terminate the entry with the appropriate unit selection from the menu keys displayed When entering a numeric value of Slot Std for example use the 242 Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow numeric keypad and terminate with the Enter front panel key nstead of using the numeric keypad to enter a value it may be easier to use the RPG knob or Up Down keys Chapter 8 243 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 1 Mode GSM EDGE w GSM cdmaOne NADC PDC W CDMA without Option 210 1xEV DO with Option 214 cdma2000 without Option 214 iDEN WiDEN Service mode 244 Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Fi
62. that you have begun to enter but decided you want to cancel Remove any entries that are visible in the active function area of the display see Display Annotation on page 35 for a description of the active function area and other display features Cancels an alignment if one is in progress 2 Control keys set parameters that are used by the measurement in 26 Chapter 1 3 Input key 4 View keys 5 Measure keys Chapter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Description the current measurement mode FREQUENCY Channel accesses menu keys that control the center frequency or channel number These parameters apply to all measurements in the current mode SPAN X Scale accesses menu keys that control the horizontal scale in units of frequency time symbols or bits The parameters in this menu apply only to the active window in the current measurement See Span X Scale Keys on page 97 for more detail AMPLITUDE Y Scale accesses menu keys that control vertical scale functions in units of dBm dB volts degrees or radians The parameters in this menu apply only to the active window in the current measurement See Amplitude Y Scale Keys on page 98 for more detail The Input key accesses menu keys that control the input of the transmitter tester These affect all measurements within the current mode Note that the internal 50 MHz reference signal and the IF align signal are used as internal inputs that d
63. the License Key menu key Press the Done key You will want to keep a copy of your license key in a secure location Press System More then Show System and print out a copy of the display that shows the license numbers If you should lose your license key call your nearest Agilent Technologies service or sales office for assistance Using the Uninstall Key on E4406A This key will make the option unavailable for use but will not delete it from memory The message Application Not Licensed will appear in the Status Info bar at the bottom of the display Record the 12 digit license key for the option before you delete it If you want to use that measurement personality later you will need the license key to reactivate the personality firmware Using the Uninstall key does not remove the personality firmware from the instrument memory and does not free memory to be available to install another option If you need to free memory to install another option refer to the instructions for loading firmware updates available at the URL http www agilent com find vsa 1 Press System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Uninstall Choose Option to access the alpha editor Use this alpha editor to enter the letters upper case and the front panel numeric keys to enter the numbers if required for the installed option You will validate your option entry in the active function area of the display Then press the Done key o Q E o
64. the 10 MHz OUT port of the signal generator and the EXT REF IN port of the instrument 4 Connect the system controller to the MS through the serial bus cable to control the MS operation Chapter 4 133 o 2 c o o 5 D o z o E Making Measurements Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements Setting the MS From the base transmission station simulator and the system controller set up a call using Rate Set 1 Fundamental Code Channel loopback mode Service Option 2 with 9600 bps data rate only required for the MS to transmit the RF power as follows MS Band Class 1 Block Designator A Class III Frequency 1855 000 MHz preferred set channel number 100 100 x 0 050 1850 000 MHz Output Power 3 dBW 0 5 W controlled by 0 power control bits 134 Chapter 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Figure 4 37 Step 6 Step 7 Making Measurements Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements Measurement Procedure Press the Preset key to preset the instrument Press the MODE Basic keys to enable the Basic Mode measurements Press the Mode Setup Radio Device to toggle the device to MS Press the FREQUENCY Channel 1855 MHz keys to set the center frequency to 1 855 000 MHz Press the MEASURE More 1 of 2 Power Stat CCDF keys to initiate the power statistics CCDF measurement Power Statistics CCDF Measurement Results e Agilent 05 17 01 11 11 44 cdma2000 MS Ch Freq 1
65. the Avg Number key Repeat averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely After the number of N averages is reached all previous result data is cleared and the average count displayed is set back to 1 This is equivalent to being in Measure Single and pressing the Restart key each time the single measurement finishes Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Ref Channel Allows you to access the following parameters for the reference channel settings Chan Integ BW Allows you to specify the channel integration bandwidth in which the carrier power is measured The range is 1 000 kHz to 20 0000 MHz with the best resolution of 1 Hz Avg Type Allows you to set to power averaging type to either Pwr Avg RMS or Maximum Ref Chan Adv Allows you to access the menu to change the following advanced parameters for the reference channel 1 Sweep Time Allows you to toggle the sweep time function 168 Chapter 5 Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys between Auto and Man manual and to set a value for the sweep time ranging from 1 0 ms to 50 000 ms if set to Man If set to Auto the reference channel measurement sweep time is derived from the data points and the number of FFT segments T Data Points Allows you to toggle the control function of the number of data points between Auto and Man manual and to set the number of data points ranging from 64 to 65536
66. the Corrections menu key is set to off Err error This annunciator appears when an error message is placed in the history error queue It will persist until you use the Clear Error Queue s key to clear the history error queue Ext Ref external reference The green Ext Ref annunciator indicates that the external reference has been selected and the instrument is locked to it The red Ext Ref annunciator indicates that the external reference has been selected but the instrument is not locked to that reference Note that the external reference on this instrument can be set at any frequency between 1 and 30 MHz if the entered value does not correspond to the external reference that is in use a red Ext Ref annunciator will appear o o 2 o c E 7 o NOTE Be aware that the value entered for the external reference frequency will persist even after the instrument has been powered off The user must manually enter a new value for the external reference if a different value is required even if it corresponds with the default value An Ext Ref annunciator will appear only if the external reference has been activated by the user 36 Chapter 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Chapter 1 Getting Started Display Annotation ESec even second clock The green ESec annunciator indicates that the external even second clock has been selected as the sync type and a sync signal is
67. the external reference frequency you select will remain active until it is changed even if the instrument is turned off and on or preset If the frequency you have input to the rear panel external frequency connector is not the same as the external frequency value you have manually set a red Ext Ref error indicator and a red Unlock error indicator will appear in the annunciator bar 10 MHz Out Activates or deactivates the 10 MHz out signal on the rear panel of the instrument The 10 MHz out can be used to lock o E io lt 77 c O 3 E lo EU Ll E 7 Chapter 2 75 Using System Features Using Input Output Configuration Keys other test equipment to the same frequency reference that is used by the transmitter tester Once activated the 10 MHz out feature is persistent so if it is set to On it will remain on even if the instrument has been preset or powered off and then on Y 0 h gt E 7 ru 7 3 YN gt 7 2 E YN 76 Chapter 2 NOTE NOTE Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys There are number of different keys that can help you with understanding the current instrument configuration and for hardware alignment Some features are intended for use only by service personnel and cannot be accessed without a service password If after pressing a key a messa
68. their own independent mode settings Press Preset to set the instrument to a known factory default state This sets all parameters to their factory default values for the selected mode Preset does not switch the modes Some features are intended for use only by service personnel and cannot be accessed without a password If after pressing a key a message appears requesting entry of a password this means that the feature is meant for service use only The password is only available through the service guide 86 Chapter 3 NOTE Setting the Mode Mode Setup Mode Setup When you select a mode the instrument automatically presets settings to defaults for that mode These defaults apply to all measurements in the mode Mode settings are persistent When you switch from one mode to another mode the settings you have chosen for the modes will remain active until you change them This allows you to switch back and forth between modes without having to reset settings each time Presetting the instrument will return all current mode settings to their default values Powering the instrument off and on will reset all mode settings to their default values Before making measurements it is important to set the parameters under the mode setup key for the device to be tested These parameters are not saved when you preset or power the instrument off and on so you may want to save them in an instrument state for later use The Mode Setu
69. thus Avg Mode has no effect in the single measurement mode Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Exponential averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely Exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N the displayed count of averages stops at N Exponential averaging weights new data more heavily than old data which allows tracking of slow changing signals The weighting factor N is set using the Avg Number key Repeat averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely After the number of N averages is reached all previous result data is cleared and the average count displayed is set back to 1 This is equivalent to being in Measure Single and pressing the Restart key each time 196 Chapter 5 CAUTION TIP NOTE Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys the single measurement finishes Asg Type Accesses the menu of the following average types only for making spectrum frequency domain and waveform time domain measurements 1 Pwr Avg RMS Executes the true power averaging which is calculated by averaging the rms voltage This is the most accurate type 1 Log Pwr Avg Video Simulates the traditional spectrum analyzer type of averaging by calculating the log of the power This type of averaging will underestimate the power when the signal is noise like L Voltage Avg Executes voltage averagi
70. to 250 Vrms The power supply automatically senses the input power and switches between these two ranges There is no customer replaceable power fuse The power cord is connected to internal capacitors that may remain live for 5 seconds after the plug is disconnected from its power supply If this product is to be energized via an external autotransformer for voltage reduction make sure that its common terminal is connected to a neutral earthed pole of the power supply This instrument has autoranging line voltage input be sure the supply voltage is within the specified range VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS When installing the product in a cabinet the convection into and out of the product must not be restricted The ambient temperature outside the cabinet must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4 C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet If the total power dissipated in the cabinet is greater than 800 watts then forced convection must be used Chapter 1 51 o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O o o o gt P 2 o c E 7 o WARNING WARNING Getting Started Safety Considerations Instrument Operation and Maintenance The following warnings explain conditions which affect the safe operation of the instrument If this instrument is not used as specified the protection provided by the equipment could be impaired This product must be used i
71. to move between the multiple windows if any and make it full size by Zoom Spectrum Provides a combination view of the spectrum graph in parameters of power versus frequency with semi log graticules and the I Q waveform graph in parameters of voltage and time Changes to frequency span or power will sometimes affect data acquisition This is equivalent to changing the selected window with the Next key ESTE ESTE Aoy Chapter 5 187 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Figure 5 3 Spectrum Measurement Spectrum and 1 Q Waveform Default View Agilent 06 27 81 18 48 10 Basic Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain I 0 Waveform re Time The spectrum measurement result should look like the above figure The measurement result values are shown in the summary result window e Spectrum Time Domain I Q Waveform Key for PSA only This graph is shown below the Spectrum graph in the default dual window display 1 Q Waveform provides a view of the I Q waveform in parameters of voltage versus time in linear scale Changes to sweep time or resolution bandwidth can affect data acquisition Pressing this button is equivalent to pressing the Next Window button on the front panel Press the Zoom key to view this display full screen Q O c o o Q oc gt oO x 188 Chapter 5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Spectrum Linear for E4406A Provides a view of the
72. you reactivate the measurement Once toggled the label of the Pause key changes to read Resume The Resume key once pressed continues the active measurement from the point at which it was paused CANCINO Key Reference Front Panel Keys Mode Setup Key Menu Key path Mode Setup Input Key Menu Key Path Mode Setup Input NOTE You can also access this menu from the Input Output front panel key Input Port Allows you to access the menu to select one of the signal input ports as follows RF Measures an RF signal supplied to the front panel RF input port 50 MHz Ref Allows you to measure the 50 MHz reference signal to calibrate the instrument IF Align Allows you to configures the IF alignment signal The RF path is manually switched to bring in the internal alignment signal Input Atten Controls the internal input attenuator setting The electronic attenuator range is 0 to 40 dB with 1 dB resolution The Input Atten key reads out the value that is used for the current measurement If more than one input attenuator value is used in a single measurement the value used at the carrier frequency will be displayed The Input Atten setting is coupled to the Max Total Pwr setting When you use the internal preamplifier Int Preamp the electronic attenuator selections using the Input Atten key are not available and the key is grayed out Use the mechanical attenuator under Attenuator below Q
73. 05 I and Q waveform view 193 I Q polar waveform view 121 206 I Q waveform graph window 103 188 I Q Waveform view 118 204 linear envelope and phase view 115 202 Spectrum I Q Waveform view 103 188 spectrum linear linear spectrum window 192 193 viewing the time domain 123 Visible Align key 83 Ww warranty information 237 waveform changing displays 206 I and Q waveform view 209 I Q waveform view 209 linear envelope view 209 method 223 resolution bandwidth 196 results 113 span X scale 206 sweep time 206 using markers 210 Waveform Time Domain key 223 Waveform Time Domain Key Menus 196 waveform measurement 123 196 display 210 I Q Polar view 207 210 results 113 WB ADC Dither key 213 website firmware updates 20 transmitter tester updates 20 Wideband Advanced key 213 wideband filter alpha 212 wideband filter bandwidth 212 Wideband Filtering key 212 wideband IF advanced settings 213 wideband IF alignment signal 163 wideband IF filter type 212 Wideband IF Gain key 212 Wideband IF Setup key 212 window I Q waveform 96 RF envelope 96 spectrum 96 Window Length key 183 Z Zoom 30 263 Index 264
74. 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain Y Ref 40 8 mV I Waveform Waveform Capture Time Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Agilent 01 02 70 19 08 33 EDGE w GSM IRILIT BTS Ch Freq 935 200 MHz Spectrum Freq Domain P GSM Averag Reni X Scale Div 37 Bus I Haveform Q Polar for E4406A Provides a view of the I Q signal displayed in a polar vector graph 190 Chapter5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Figure 5 7 Spectrum Measurement 1 Q Polar View for E4406A X Agilent 06 27 01 18 30 39 Basic Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain Y Ref 48 8 mV 1 0 Polar I Origin Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm Pilot channel 1xEV DO Figure 5 8 Spectrum Measurement I Q Polar View for E4406A 3 Agilent 01 02 70 19 14 33 EDGE w GSM LT RU E BTS Ch Freq 935 200 MHz Spectrum Freq Domain P GSM Hau Y Scale Div 5 00 mV 1 0 Polar I I Origin 0 00 Trace Display Press this key to reveal the trace selection menu The Chapter 5 191 ESTEE Aoy Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys currently selected trace type is shown on the Trace Display key All Views both the current trace and the average trace Average Views only the average trace in blue color See the Meas Setup Average keys to select different types of averaging
75. 1 kB for SA mode to 40 kB for W CDMA The state of every mode accessed since power on will be saved in the state file File sizes can exceed 150 kB each when several modes are accessed for each state file saved TIP State memory retains settings for all states accessed before the Save State command To reduce this usage to a minimum reduce the modes accessed before the Save State is executed You can set the PSA to boot into a selected mode by accessing the desired mode then pressing the System Power On Preset Power On keys and toggle the setting to Last o o gt P 2 o c gt 7 o Measurement Personality Options and Memory Required Personality Options Option File Size for E4406A Transmitter Tester E4406A Rev A 10 cdmaOne measurement personality BAC 1 82 Mbytes NADC measurement personality BAE 1 10 Mbytes PDC measurement personality BAE 1 23 Mbytes W CDMA or W CDMA HSDPA HSUPA BAF 210 5 00 Mbytes measurement personality 40 Chapter 1 Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities Personality Options Option File Size for E4406A Transmitter Tester E4406A Rev A 10 cdma2000 or cdma2000 w 1xEV DV B78 214 3 88 Mbytes measurement personality 1xEV DO measurement personality 204 4 84 Mbytes GSM with EDGE measurement 202 3 56 Mbytes personality GSM measurement personality BAH 2 51 Mbytes EDGE upgrade from BAH mea
76. 11 Burbesany Jewog jauuey 8so snounds ureuioq ba13 unioeds UlEWIOC eun uojoAe indu j Sq SIN 393Q SOd 8S6 VIL pyepueis oipeH J dnies epo N e euQeuJpo INSO ERE 25 Chapter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Description Front Panel Description Key menus may vary depending on the currently selected mode or measurement menu keys which are not available for use are greyed out Keys may be greyed out keys as a result of thecurrent setting of other inter related functions not having a required password or license key or not having some piece of optional hardware that is required Paths to access any feature will be found in the key access table Table 2 1 on page 57 Display annotation is explained in Display Annotation on page 35 Operation of the 3 5 inch floppy drive is covered in Using Print and Print Setup Functions on page 67 li 2 ODOC 7 f AA A O 8 a Ie mim 3 a lS K 1 El Gro DUO Em A NN z eg lli 00D O O ooo ES i EN ll DOmDs Im ELIJA 000 gi T ES SEE 1 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 pasia o o gt L P 2 o c gt 7 o 1 ESC key Use the escape key to exit any function without modifying current parameters Pressing the ESC key will Clear any numeric entry
77. 4 Channel Foner Ee E ua deb sedan a PUR EXE RAS SA Eso SE 176 Measurement Setup Key Meni 3 6 0050 ak RRARA ade 176 AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Med 0 n e xo RERO ERREUR Y hd EERE 179 DT Bos Bil i oce p ERE EROR UR HER o dd e dicun drag cr bn wol Bk cer a 179 Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys sedes A AA AA AA REY Xd 180 Megs Setup Key Menu cosa eck rd e d DERE UC Ec XR E do ac ep AE do e 180 View Trace Ser Melia orar Sod ERR Duo ACE idad 187 SPAN X Scale Boy ND uud exer a ee A ARA ARA AA a 192 AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Menu suisse rs RR e HAW ERE rikken ENS 193 Lia Boss NEG o RAO dac bb E e Roe EC a e aq RR Dd Kod ded c 194 il M OU aaO RO Dd e do EA ae dE e Adde RAP ERIS 194 Poak Sear a ANS ARA AAA ERA Wo Ro X dO ERR 195 Wavetore Time Domain eS ei x ee HERS a Ee OEE RR NE NEUE Xd XO La 196 Measurement Setup Key Menu isses ua arbe RR deen ee RUE EROR EROR EE 196 Ey z D e S O e 3 D 5 Dd a Contents 4 7 lt 3 O o 3 F View Trace Key Menu esrraciraniara rra AA 202 SPAN X Scale Key Ment id cedo ow dos A Ad A 206 AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Matin s06voscrrbrordrdrca dorar ve d sori TEn AREO ES 208 Display Key MENi airada ais el 210 Marker Key Menu ssoxarocrrr nsar orar sardina 6400 2 duane oe 210 Peak Meare Kes rV pee 211 Power Brat CCDF Keys i24 acc acte tack o A RR ORDRE AIR 212 Meas Setup Key Menti 2 ccc ccc ee hh RR E bee a eS 212 6 Concepts Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measu
78. 4 107 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Input signals 10 00 dBm Pilot channel 1xEV DO Figure 4 9 Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Agilent H CDMA with HSDPR HSUPR MS Ch Freq 1 92000 GHz Src Input Spurious Emission 36PP EE Fai 2 o E 9 5 o c o D Span 211 500 MHz xX Meas Setup View Trace I and Q Waveform Span 500 000 kHz Y Scale Div 5 0 mV Ref Value 0 0 V Others Factory default settings Input signals 20 00 dBm EDGE pattern data PN9 Q Polar for E4406A Provides a view of the I Q signal displayed in a polar vector graph 108 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Figure 4 10 Spectrum Measurement 1 Q Polar View for E4406A de Agilent 06 27 01 18 30 39 Basic Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain 1 0 Polar I Origin Figure 4 11 Spectrum Measurement I Q Polar View for E4406A 3 Agilent W CDMA with HSDPA HSUPA BTS Waveform Time Domain 36PP Ch Freq 1 92000 GHz Src Input RF Envelope A kHz Gaussian Samples 2 Mean Pwr Entire Trace 26 31 dBm Pk to Mean 7 86 dB Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm PCCPCH SCH Chapter 4 E A gt io O o 7 lt o 3 7 109 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Dom
79. 73 text how to enter 72 Time Corr key 83 time domain measurements 196 223 Timebase Frequency key 146 Trace Display key 96 trace view selection magnitude amp phase graph view 118 204 Trig Holdout key trigger menu 89 trig interp key 213 trigger automatic trigger 165 214 delay 165 external front input 165 external rear input 165 frame timer 166 214 offset 166 214 period 166 214 reset offset display 166 214 synchronizing source 166 214 level 165 RF burst signal 165 slope 165 trigger holdoff 165 213 trigger source 181 197 213 external front input 181 197 213 external rear input 181 198 213 frame clock 181 198 free run immediate 181 197 line 182 198 RF Burst 213 RF burst wideband 181 197 video IF envelope 181 197 213 video envelope signal 165 trigger interpolation function CCDF 213 Trigger key 89 trigger out 32 Trigger Source menu Ext Front key 96 Ext Rear key 96 Free Run key 96 Line key 96 RF Burst key 96 Video key 96 Index triggering setup help waveform measurement 123 troubleshooting key 77 U Uninstall Now 43 uninstalling measurement personalities 38 Unlock error annunciator 36 URL firmware 19 transmitter tester updates 19 V Video key 96 view trace I Q waveforms 105 189 linear spectrum and phase graphs 105 189 spectrum graph 103 187 View Trace key 96 view trace selection I and Q Waveform view 119 2
80. 85508 GHz CCDF SR1 En E zx E io O g 7 c E o 3 E 7 Average Power 0 33 dBm 50 217 The CCDF measurement result should look like the above figure The measurement result values are shown in the summary result window To make a measurement repeatedly press Meas Control Measure to toggle the setting from Single to Cont Press the Meas Setup More 1 of 2 keys to check the keys available to change the measurement parameters from the default condition Chapter 4 135 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E NOTE Making Measurements Using Option B7C Baseband l Q Inputs Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs Baseband I Q Measurements Available for E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester The following measurements can be made using Baseband I Q inputs Channel Power Power Stat CCDF Spectrum Frequency Domain e Waveform Time Domain The following measurements can not be made using Baseband I Q Inputs ACP Baseband I Q Measurement Overview Baseband I Q measurements are similar to RF measurements To avoid duplication this section describes only the details unique to using the baseband I Q inputs For generic measurement details refer to the previous Making Measurements sections To make measurements using baseband I Q Inputs make the following selections Select a measurement that supports baseband I Q inputs For details see Baseb
81. B25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca812a Figure 1 15 HP 24542U Cable with 5181 6642 Adapter 3 24542U 5181 6642 5 Instrument Cable Adapter Gray pep 1 1 1 2 2 RX 2 2 2 3 TX 3 3 3 4 E DTR 4 4 4 5 GND 5 5 5 6 DSR 6 6 6 7 RTS 7 7 7 8 CTS 8 8 8 20 RI 9 9 9 22 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca813a 48 Chapter 1 Getting Started Cables for Connecting to the Serial Port RS 232 Figure 1 16 HP 24542U Cable with 5181 6639 Adapter 24542U 5181 6639 Instrument Cable Adapter Black Modem 1 1 1 DCD a am 3 3 3 3 TX 4 4 4 4 DTR 6 6 6 6 DSR s gt lt ers 8 8 8 8 CTS 9 9 9 9 RI DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca814a Figure 1 17 HP F1047 80002 Cable with 5181 6641 Adapter F1047 80002 5181 6641 Instrument Cable Adapter Black 1 1 1 2 gt gt gt 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 s lt s x 8 8 8 20 Y Y 9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Female Male ca815a Figure 1 18 HP F1047 80002 Cable with 5181 6640 Adapter F1047 80002 5181 6640 o Instrument Cable Adapter White PC Printer E 1 1 1 2 Q n a gt g 3 3 3 4 a 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 s lt s x 8 8 8 20 Y Y 9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca816a Chapter 1 49 3 o E LI S 7 o E 7 6 Getting Started Cables for Connectin
82. Kaiser Bessel K B 90 dB Kaiser Bessel K B 110 dB Kaiser Bessel FFT Size Length Ctrl Auto Man Min Pnts RBW 3 100000 if Length Ctrl Auto Window Length 706 if Length Ctrl Man FFT Length 1024 if Length Ctrl Man lt spetrm_1 gt g Ss Chapter 8 247 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 5 Spectrum Freq Domain Measurement Key Flow 2 of 3 page 180 C S ADC Range Auto Peak Auto Auto Peak AutoPeakLock Manual 6 dB 0 dB 6 dB 12 dB 18 dB 24 dB lt with 12 bit ADC gt Data Packing Auto Auto Short 16 bit Medium 24 bit Long 32 bit ADC Dither Auto On Off Decimation 0 Auto Man IF Flatness On Off Span 1 00000 MHz Scale Div 10 00 dB Ref Value 0 00 dBm Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off Spectrum Linear SPAN X Scale Span 1 00000 MHz Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 500 0 mV Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off E spctrm 2 g S 248 Chapter 8 Menu Maps
83. LAN Accesses the following keys Telnet Port Turns on or off telnet programming over the LAN This key only affects new connections not existing connections Enter the port number that you will use for your telnet connection to the transmitter tester The default port number is 5023 Socket Port Turns on or off socket programming over the LAN This key only affects new connections not existing connections Enter the port number that you will use for your socket connection to the transmitter tester The default port number is 5025 SICL Server Accesses the following keys These keys are provided for information only The value of the settings cannot be changed Server Indicates the on off condition of the SICL IEEE 488 2 protocol LAN server Maximum Connections Shows you the maximum number of connections that can be accessed simultaneously The default is 5 Instrument Name Shows you the name same as the remote SICL address of your transmitter tester The default is insto Instrument Logical Unit Shows you the unique integer assigned to your transmitter tester when using SICL LAN The default is 8 Emulated GPIB Name Shows you the name same as the remote SICL address of the device used when communicating with your transmitter tester The default is gpib7 Emulated GPIB Logical Unit Shows you the unique integer assigned to your device when it is being controlled using SICL LAN The default is 8 Emu
84. LITUDE Y Scale Scale Div Ref Value Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off Meas Control Restart Measure Single Cont Pause mode level 246 Chapter 8 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 4 Spectrum Freq Domain Measurement Key Flow 1 of 3 page 180 MEASURE Spectrum Freq Domain Meas Setup Span 1 00000 MHz Res BW 20 0000 kHz Auto Man Average Avg Number 25 OnJOff Avg Mode Exp Repeat Avg Type Log Pwr Avg Video Pwr Avg RMS Log Pwr Avg Video Voltage Avg Maximum Minimum Trig Source Free Run Immediate Free Run Immediate Video IF Envlp RF Burst IF Wideband Ext Front Ext Rear Frame Line Restore Meas Defaults Advanced Pre ADC BPF 1 93750 MHz OnJOff Pre FFT Fltr Gaussian Flat Pre FFT BW 1 55000 MHz Auto Man FFT Window Flat Top High Amptd Acc Flat Top High Amptd Acc Uniform Hanning Hamming Gaussian Alpha 3 5 Blackman Blackman Harris K B 70 dB
85. Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Spectrum Marker Trace Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Spectrum Avg Marker Trace Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Spectrum MODE Service Freq Domain Spectrum MODE Basic Freq Domain Store Abs Ampl to EEROM System Alignments Align Subsystem Align 50 MHz Reference Subnet Mask System Config I O Sweep Time Meas Setup Can be accessed when measure is set to waveform System Front Panel Telnet Port System Config I O SCPI Lan Timebase Freq MODE Service Trace Marker Trace Display View Trace Trigger Mode Setup Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Trig Holdoff Mode Setup Trigger Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Chapter 2 65 o E io o lt 77 c O 3 E lo EU Ll E 7 Using System Features Key Locations Y 0 h gt E 7 ru 7 3 YN gt 7 2 E YN Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Trig Source Meas Setup Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Uniform Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window Uninstall System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Uninstall Now System More 1 of 3 More
86. OD Departments and Agencies of the U S Government will receive no greater than Restricted Rights as defined in FAR 52 227 19 c 1 2 June 1987 U S Government users will receive no greater than Limited Rights as defined in FAR 52 227 14 June 1987 or DFAR 252 227 7015 b 2 November 1995 as applicable in any technical data WARNING CAUTION NOTE WARNING WARNING CAUTION Safety Information The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual Familiarize yourself with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument Warning denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met Caution denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure that if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of the instrument Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met Note calls out special information for the user s attention It provides operational information or additional instructions of which the user should be aware This is a Safety Class 1 Product provided with a protective earth ground incorporated in the power cord The mains plug shall be inserted only in a socket outlet provided with a prot
87. Packing Selects Auto the default or the Short 16 bit Medium 24 bit and Long 32 bit methods of data packing The short medium and long methods are not compatible with all settings and should not be used unless you are familiar with data packing methods Auto is the preferred choice Auto The data packing value most appropriate for current instrument settings is selected automatically T Short 16 bit Select this to pack data every 16 bits T Medium 24 bit Select this to pack data every 24 bits T Long 32 bit Select this to pack data every 32 bits ADC Dither Toggles the ADC dither function between On and Off The default setting is Off If set to On the ADC dither refers to the introduction of noise to the digitized steps of the analog to digital converter and results in better amplitude linearity and resolution in low level signals However it also results in reduced dynamic range by approximately 3 dB Decimation Toggles the decimation function between On and Off and to set the decimation value Decimation allows longer acquisition times for a given bandwidth by eliminating data points Long time captures can be limited by the instrument data acquisition memory Decimation numbers 1 to 4 describe the factor by which the number of points are reduced The default setting is 1 which results in no data point reduction ESTE ESTET Aoy Table 5 4 Waveform Time Domain Measuremen
88. Q Polar for E4406A Provides a view of the I Q signal in a polar vector graph Figure 4 26 Waveform Measurement 1 Q Polar View Agilent 08 20 01 11 12 00 Basic Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Waveform Time Domain E x Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 Figure 4 27 Waveform Measurement 1 Q Polar View d Agilent 01 02 70 22 41 38 EDGE w 6SM IRILTTTS BTS Ch Freq 935 200 MHz Haveform Time Domain P GSM IZQ Polar Frame Chapter 4 121 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 28 Figure 4 29 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Waveform Measurement I Q Polar View Agilent 05 20 01 11 34 51 BTS Ch Freq 1 60006 GHz Haveform Time Domain SR1 Origin 8 88 Y Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel Waveform Measurement 1 Q Polar View 6 Agilent 08 20 01 14 09 07 W CDMA Imi BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Waveform Time Domain 3GPP E IZQ Scale Div 3 00 mU 1 0 Polar I Origin 0 00 Y View Trace I Q Polar View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 1 DPCH Meas Setup 122 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Figure 4 30 Waveform Measurement 1 Q Polar View X Agilent 11 28 01 11 22 41 1xEU DO TRTLTTTS pine un
89. Radio Device keys and toggle to select MS or BTS Press the MEASURE Channel Power keys to initiate the channel power measurement x El io O o 7 lt o 3 1 7 Press the FREQUENCY Channel key to set the measurement center frequency This frequency should be at the exact center of the band for which you want to measure the channel power Press the Meas Setup Chan Power Span keys to set the display span for the channel power measurement This does not set the integration bandwidth See Integ BW in Step 8 below Enter a number by using the front panel keypad and selecting a unit of frequency like 1855 MHz or by rotating the RPG knob This setting should be the exact desired span of the channel for which you have set the center frequency in Step 5 above See Channel Power Keys on page 176 for more information Set the power measurement integration bandwidth for the channel power measurement Press the Integ BW key and enter a number by using the front panel keypad and selecting a unit of frequency like 1855 MHz or by rotating the RPG knob The adjustment of this value is coupled to the measurement span setting The setting can be any integer frequency between 10 and 61 5 of the span of the channel which you set in Step 6 above If desired once the bandwidth setting is accomplished the channel power span may be reset to a value greater than that allowed by the Span coupling function The fa
90. Rear Activates the rear panel external trigger input TRIGGER IN port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Frame Uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal The clock parameters are controlled under the Mode Setup key or the measurement firmware but not both Refer to the specific measurement section for details Line Sets the trigger to the internal line mode Sweep triggers occur at intervals synchronous to the line frequency See the specific measurement section for details Restore Meas Defaults Presets only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement by pressing Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Restore Meas Defaults This will set the measure setup parameters for the currently selected measurement only to the factory defaults e Narrowband Advanced Accesses the menu to change the following parameters CAUTION The advanced features should be used only if you are familiar with their operation Changes from the default values may result in invalid data The Narrowband key label word is only present if you have Option B7J and either Option 122 or 140 installed Parameters that are under the Narrowband Advanced key only affect the standard narrow band IF path The wideband IF advanced functions are found under the Wideband Advanced key Pre ADC BPF Toggles the pre ADC bandpass filter function between On or Off The default settin
91. Requirements on page 40 will help you decide how to configure your installed options to provide optimal operation o g E io 7 d EU 2 O o Chapter 1 39 Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities How to Predict Your Memory Requirements If you plan to install many optional personalities you should review your memory requirements so you can determine whether you have enough memory There is an Agilent Memory Calculator available online that can help you do this or you can make a calculated approximation using the information that follows You will need to know your instruments installed memory size as determined in the previous section and then select your desired applications To calculate the available memory on your E4406 see http www agilent com find e4406a firmware Select the Memory Calculator link You can try any combination of available personalities to see if your desired configuration is compatible with your installed memory You can manually estimate your total memory requirements by adding up the memory allocations described in the following steps Compare the desired total with the available memory that you identified in the previous section 1 Program memory Select option requirements from the table Measurement Personality Options and Memory Required on page 40 2 Screens gif files need 20 25 kB each 9 State memory State file sizes range from 2
92. Rpg Dn and Rpg Up keys The ESC key must be pressed only after all other keys have been pressed and the RPG knob has been rotated pressing the ESC key will cause the front panel test to be cancelled 152 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Front Panel Test Results The front panel test display shows a list of front panel keys and the RPG knob followed by a times pressed indicator You will see a count of the number of times you have pressed a key next to that key on the display except for the knob next to which you will see positive or negative numbers in increments of 1 DU Power Ramp Agilent 07 26 99 89 53 21 Service Front Panel Test O SS Timebase Freq 50 MHz Amptd Sensors Spectrum Freq Domain Maveform Time Damain x Ko O o 7 lt o 3 1 E 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 eee eee e tele eee eee te NR NEUE ee ee eee eo e o Troubleshooting Hints If the front panel check fails contact the Agilent Technologies instrument support center See page 239 Chapter 4 153 Making Measurements Front Panel Test o 2 c o o 5 a o z o E 154 Chapter 4 Key Reference This chapter provides detailed descriptions of the keys used to set up and make Basic Mode measurements including Mode Setup Meas Setup and MEASURE Keys that allow you to see different presentations of the measurement results a
93. TE Key Reference Front Panel Keys Front Panel Keys Only front panel keys affected by selection of Basic mode are described here These key settings affect all of the measurements available under the MEASURE key For information about the measurements and their setups see the individual measurement key descriptions in this chapter FREQUENCY Channel Key Menu Key path FREQUENCY Channel FREQUENCY Channel settings apply to all measurements in the mode Center Freq Selects a frequency that corresponds to the desired RF channel to be measured This is the current instrument center frequency Span X Scale Key Menu Span Modifies the frequency span The range is 10 000 Hz to 10 000 MHz with 1 Hz resolution depending on the Res BW setting Changing the span causes the resolution bandwidth to change automatically and will affect data acquisition time The Span key is also accessible under the Meas Setup menu Scale Div Only available in the Spectrum measurement with the IQ Waveform display selected It sets the horizontal scale by changing a time value per division The range is 1 00 ns to 1 00 s per division The default setting is 18 8 ms per division However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Value Only available in the Spectrum measurement with the IQ Wavefor
94. The automatic mode chooses the optimum number of points 2 6 where n 0 to 11 for the fastest measurement time with acceptable repeatability The minimum number of points that could be used is determined by the sweep time and the sampling rate You can increase the length of the measured time record capture more of the burst by increasing the number of points but the measurement will take longer L Res BW This key is always grayed out However it allows you to see the resolution bandwidth that is derived from the combination of sweep time data points and FFT segments T Num FFT Seg Allows you to select the number of FFT segments used in making the measurement of the reference channel carrier In the automatic mode the measurement optimizes the number of FFT segments required for the shortest measurement time The minimum number of segments required to make a measurement is set by your desired measurement bandwidth Selecting more than the minimum number of segments will give you more dynamic range for making the measurement but the measurement will take longer to execute Offset Limits Allows you to access the menu to change the following parameters for offset frequency settings and pass fail tests Offset Allows you to select one of five offsets A through E Only one selection at a time A B C D or E is shown on this key label The remaining menu keys on the Offset Limits menu then apply to the selected
95. The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off NOTE For E4406A with Option B7C if the Phase window is active in the Linear Envelope view the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the menu to modify the following parameters Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing an amplitude value per division The range is 0 10 to 3600 0 deg per division The default setting is 30 00 deg However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 36000 0 to 36000 0 deg The default setting is 0 00 deg However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off RefPosition Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Ctr Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key un
96. Understanding CDMA Measurements for Base 5968 0953E Stations and Their Components Application Note 1311 Understanding GSM Transmitter Measurements 5968 2320E Application Note 1312 HPSK Spreading for 3G 5968 8438E Agilent E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester 5968 7617E Self Guided Tour p Designing and Testing 3GPP W CDMA Base Stations 5980 1239E p Application Note 1355 5 O Designing and Testing 3GPP W CDMA User Equip 5980 1238E ment Application Note 1356 Designing and Testing IS 2000 Base Stations 5980 1303E Application Note 1357 Designing and Testing IS 2000 Mobile Stations 5980 1237E Application Note 1358 Understanding PDC and NADC Transmitter 5968 5537E Measurements for Base Transceiver Stations and Mobile Stations Application Note 1324 Chapter 1 19 Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester Updating the Firmware Updated versions of the E4406A VSA Transmitter Tester firmware will be available from several sources Information on the latest firmware revision can be accessed through the following URL URL to Contact to Obtain Firmware Update Information http www agilent com find vsa v o E S 7 o E 7 6 20 Chapter 1 Getting Started The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements All measurements need to be set up in 3 steps first at the Mode level s
97. User s Guide Agilent Technologies E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester dE Mane Agilent Technologies Manufacturing Part Number E4406 90304 Supersedes E4406 90177 Printed in USA May 2007 O Copyright 1999 2001 2007 Agilent Technologies Inc Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of such license Restricted Rights Legend If software is for use in the performance of a U S Government prime contract or subcontract Software is delivered and licensed as Commercial computer software as defined in DFAR 252 227 7014 June 1995 or as a commercial item as defined in FAR 2 101 a or as Restricted computer software as defined in FAR 52 227 19 June 1987 or any equivalent agency regulation or contract clause Use duplication or disclosure of Software is subject to Agilent Technologies standard commercial license terms and non D
98. a 90 ix aa IR E 96 Free BRUN estre teer tin abe E Levit HER en derat us eee ea eis Load 96 ix core PEN NM 75 11 E O Lad e S O e 3 3 D 5 Qa 2 o o E e oO e E a List of Commands Front Pune Fest ss uii Sect aded s eum LM LM AL LII EC EL iH 152 GPI AdA INT UT EP 73 GN A a EUM MM MIU uM LEM ME I MI 86 8 81153 De Tu CC Econ 69 Most DIOS svo D o HOD pM q cs otn HDI PE EHE CREE DE RO EORR Ce i Fa E URP PS LERNEN Oe nana 74 DIM teen bas d eas ad bas Ld lebt d Vies oa I PERDU EDU M ME LIN 88 DP A m I m 87 ll M T 69 An Eom 88 9h mM RE 87 Instrument i cie di 74 Instrument NAME adn D Cul v eri vies Gm ly E ev regu 74 ioo m o RR C A I T UT ET 69 TP DOT 5 ades asad e Unit e eu ebd RE RH tae P tp DL PER ala aaa VER lu ie FER D ER HERD UE Cad nel Eod 73 EE N o E EE E O E ELE AE AE T 67 A c OA A E EN E E A E EA O OQ 67 A A E 89 koen 40 M ERES 42 f cR TU cre 96 UTE SETS ei NN m E TL RU a E E ENEE E E EE EEA E E A A mmm 96 DESEE Al A ees 99 Mar Oral PRT A A A AS 88 MA Connec DE eet stet mi belsisd awe eateries lowe ene 74 DO ascp Mp noe e ees E 96 A wor m T 144 huerto 96 A hoenenee 99 IE si aiii 98 PP A NA 90 OESTE A AAA A taU 67 A A usse eens 67 PE SS E id 67 A rcm TT eT 67 Peak Tel a acia 89 o A A tient 90 For fs OOOO ROO ROT UE E UN UU 67 A RM 89 FEOT aaa E M IE I 69 c
99. a Packing Auto ADC Dither Off Decimation Off Wideband Advanced Option 122 or 140 ADC Correction On 200 Chapter 5 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Table 5 4 Waveform Time Domain Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition IF Flatness Corrections On Analog Filter Auto 80 MHz Opt 122 40 MHz Opt 140 WB ADC Dither On Trigger Interpolation On Chapter 5 201 CANECICICA Aoy Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys View Trace Key Menu Key Path View Trace RF Envelope for E4406A or Signal Envelope for PSA Displays a time domain graph of the signal The measured values for the mean power and peak to mean power are shown in the text window Figure 5 9 Waveform Measurement RF Envelope Default View Agilent 11 32 18 Oct 8 2001 Basic T Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Haveform Time Domain pp Ea RF Envelope Hean Pwr Entire Trace 22 47 dBm Pk to Mean 8 90 dB Meas Setup Trace View RF Envelope Others Factory default settings Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel Linear Envelope for E4406A Option B7C Provides a combination view of a linear signal envelope graph and a phase graph with linear graticules Use the Next Window and Zoom keys to select and enlarge either graph Q O c o o o oc gt oO x 202 Chapter 5 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain
100. about parts of the displayed measurement for example to identify the exact frequency of an offset See Using Markers 28 Chapter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Description on page 98 for more detail Marker accesses menu keys that allow manual positioning of markers Search automatically performs a peak search and accesses menu keys that automatically position markers at preset locations on the trace for example to determine the difference between the amplitude of one peak and another 9 Probe Power The probe power input supplies power for external 10 RF Input probes the three connectors are a ground and a 15 V and a 12 6 V connector The probe power supplies power to high frequency probes and accessories such as preamplifiers that are used as accessories to the transmitter tester The probe power provides a maximum of 150 mA The 50 Q RF input allows for input of an external RF signal The connector is a type N female and is rated for a maximum input of 35 dBm for measuring a CW signal and a maximum of 26 volts for a DC signal 11 Data Entry keys are used to enter numeric values Entries made Chapter 1 using data entry keys will be visible in the active function area see Display Annotation on page 35 to locate the active function area The Enter key is used to terminate numeric data where no units of measurement are being entered or where you want to terminate with the default unit
101. ain Measurements Figure 4 12 Spectrum Measurement IQ Polar View for E4406A SE Agilent 06 27 01 20 57 05 cdma2000 A BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain SR1 I Q Polar I Origin o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o x Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm Pilot channel of SR1 cdma2000 Rev 8 Figure 4 13 Spectrum Measurement I Q Polar View for E4406A 26 Agilent 07 26 99 09 53 21 GSM L Meas Control CORR OFF Center Freq 1 000 GHz Restart Waveform Time Domain Mkr Position 2249 Measure RF Envelope dX 0 49 Single Cont Resume Meas Preset Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar Others Factory default settings 110 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Input signals 10 00 dBm Pilot channel 1xEV DO Figure 4 14 Spectrum Measurement I Q Polar View for E4406A de Agilent 01 02 70 19 14 33 EDGE w GSM IRILITIS BTS Ch Freq 935 200 MHz Spectrum Freq Domain P GSM IZQ Polar E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 I I Origin 0 00 Y Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar Span 500 000 kHz Y Scale Div 5 0 mV Ref Value 0 0 V Others Factory default settings Input signals 20 00 dBm EDGE pattern data PN9 Step 7 To make a measurement repeatedly press Meas Control Measure to toggle the setting from Single to Con
102. an existing option file from memory and load the one you want Use the automatic update Chapier 1 41 o o gt P 2 o c gt 7 o NOTE NOTE Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities program that is provided with the files Refer to the table showing Measurement Personality Options and Memory Required on page 40 The approximate memory requirements for the options are listed in this table These numbers are worst case examples Some options share components and libraries therefore the total memory usage of multiple options may not be exactly equal to the combined total Obtaining and Installing a License Key If you purchase an optional personality that requires installation you will receive an Entitlement Certificate which may be redeemed for a license key specific to one instrument Follow the instructions that accompany the certificate to obtain your license key To install a license key for the selected personality option use the following procedure You can also use this procedure to reinstall a license key that has been deleted during an uninstall process or lost due to a memory failure For E4406 1 Press System More More Install Choose Option to accesses the alpha editor Use this alpha editor to enter letters upper case and the front panel numeric keys to enter numbers for the option designation You will validate your option entry in the activ
103. and I Q Measurements Available for E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester on page 136 Select the appropriate circuit location and probe s for measurements For details see Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements on page 225 Select baseband I Q input connectors For details see Input Port Key Menu in the Key Reference chapter Select just I Q Setup if desired For details see IQ Setup Key Menu in the Key Reference chapter Select baseband I Q input impedance For details see I Q Input Z Key Menu in the Key Reference chapter Select a baseband I Q measurement results view For details see Baseband I Q Measurement Result Examples on page 137 136 Chapter 4 Figure 4 38 Making Measurements Using Option B7C Baseband l Q Inputs Baseband I Q Measurement Result Examples The following are examples of new measurement result displays using baseband I Q Inputs A notation below each example indicates the nature of the input signal Channel Power Measurement There is a new view for Channel Power measurements with baseband I Q Inputs the Channel Power Spectrum view with 0 Hz center frequency This measurement is not available if Input Port menu is set to I only or Q only as the total I Q channel power cannot be measured Channel Power Baseband I Q Inputs ae Agilent 08 61 01 15 46 15 Base Baseband 1 0 Channel Power x El io O o 7 lt o 3 1 7 Chann
104. apter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Description current multi window display which however is not initially visible on the display When viewing multiple windows it activates the next window on the display The active window is indicated by a green border The Zoom key allows you to switch between a multiple window screen and a full size display of the window that is active 17 Help key The Help feature is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update 18 On Off switch turns on the transmitter tester A green LED will light below the Power switch when the instrument has been turned on When in standby mode a yellow LED is visible above the On Off switch 19 Inputs enable you to input one or more of the two following external signals linputand Q inputs There are two I and two Q inputs I and I Q and Q This functionality is available if the BbIQ measurement personality Option B7C is installed in your instrument External Trigger input The external trigger allows external triggering of measurements The external trigger accepts an external trigger signal between 5 and 5 V and has a nominal impedance of gt 10 kQ For more information on triggering see Trigger Keys on page 89 o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O o Chapter 1 31 Getting Started Rear Panel Description Rear Panel Description The diagram below illustrates all rear panel connections For furt
105. ase station n adjacent or an interfering signal can also be applied if desired during spectrum measurements Configuring the Measurement System This example shows a base station BTS under test set up to transmit RF power and being controlled remotely by a system controller The transmitting signal is connected to the analyzer RF input port Connect the equipment as shown Spectrum Measurement System Frequency Reference CONTROLLER 10MHz OUT E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 0000006 00 oo000 000 oo oo o o 5000 oo oo ogogo Oooo OR E4406A ba88a 1 Using the appropriate cables adapters and circulator connect the output signal of the BTS to the RF input of the instrument 2 Connect the base transmission station simulator or signal generator to the BTS through a circulator to initiate a link constructed with sync and pilot channels if required 3 Connect a BNC cable between the 10 MHz OUT port of the signal generator and the EXT REF IN port of the instrument 4 Connect the system controller to the BTS through the serial bus cable to control the BTS operation Setting the BTS From the base transmission station simulator and the system controller set up a call using loopback mode to allow the BTS to transmit RF signal Chapter 4 101 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Measurement Procedure Step 1 Press the Preset ke
106. ault state the alignment firmware applies many numerical corrections to improve amplitude accuracy of the measurement This includes an absolute amplitude adjustment at center frequency and IF flatness correction for FFT 82 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys spans spectral measurements When corrections are Off the background alignments which determine corrections are disabled Corrections is a background feature which runs automatically while the instrument is on Time Corr Time corrections are the application of a complex filter directly onto the time capture data It compensates for the complex magnitude and phase response of the analog and digital IF hardware Time corrections are less efficient take more CPU cycles than frequency corrections when only scalar magnitude FFT flatness is required but for demod or other time based not FFT measurements only time corrections can improve the flatness of imperfect IF hardware If the time correction functionality is set to Auto the default the individual measurements activate the corrections when they are needed Restore Align Defaults Restores the instruments align defaults This feature will only be needed if the instrument calibration locks up which may occur as a result of hardware problems Once the defaults are restored a message will appear informing you that alignment is needed Visible Align When toggled to O
107. band Ext Front Ext Rear Frame I Q Input or Line The next table shows the factory default settings for channel power measurements Channel Power Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Meas Setup Avg Number 200 On Chapter 5 177 ESTE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Channel Power Keys Table 5 2 Channel Power Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Avg Mode Repeat Integ BW 5 00000 MHz Chan Power Span 6 00000 MHz Advanced Sweep Time 68 27 us Auto Data Points 2048 Auto Res BW grayed out 27 857 kHz grayed out Trig Source Free Run Immediate a The Integ BW setting proportionally changes the Chan Power Span setting up to 10 MHz Q O c o o Q oc gt oO x 178 Chapter 5 Key Reference Channel Power Keys AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Menu Key Path AMPLITUDE Y Scale The AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the menu to set the desired vertical scale and associated settings Scale Div Allows you to enter a numeric value to change the vertical display sensitivity The range is 0 10 to 20 00 dB with 0 01 dB resolution The default setting is 10 00 dB However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Value Allows you to set the absolute power reference value ranging f
108. by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off RefPosition Sets the reference position to either Left Ctr center or Right The default setting is Left Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically 192 Chapter 5 NOTE NOTE Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys changes to Off The I Q Polar window must be active in the I Q Polar view for E4406A for the SPAN X Scale key to access the following menu Q Scale Div Sets the vertical and horizontal scales by changing the value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV e Origin or Q Origin Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Menu The Spectrum or Linear Spectrum for E4406A window must be active in the Spectrum or Spectrum Linear for E4406A view to access the following AMPLITUDE Y Scale key menu Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing an amplitude value per division The range is 0 10 dB to 20
109. connected to the instruments RF input port Connect the equipment as shown Channel Power Measurement System SIGNAL GENERATOR CONTROLLER 10 MHz OUT RF OUTPUT Frequency Reference EXT REF IN Serial Bus RF INPUT PSA OR E4406A ba86a 1 Using the appropriate cables adapters and circulator connect the output signal from the MS to the RF input port of the instrument 2 Connect the base transmission station simulator or signal generator to the MS through a circulator to initiate a link constructed with the sync and pilot channels if required 3 Connect a BNC cable between the 10 MHz OUT port of the signal generator and the EXT REF IN port of the instrument 4 Connect the system controller to the MS through the serial bus cable to control the MS operation 130 Chapter 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Making Measurements Channel Power Measurements Setting Up the MS From the base transmission station simulator and the system controller set up a call using loopback mode for the MS to transmit RF power Measurement Procedure Press the Preset key to preset the instrument Press the System Reference Freq Ref keys to toggle the frequency reference to EXT if required In the annunciator bar you will see EXT REF displayed in green Press the MODE More 1 of 2 Basic keys to enable Basic Mode measurements Press the Mode Setup
110. ct must be returned to a service facility designated by Agilent Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or software or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free LIMITATION OF WARRANTY The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES AGILENT TECHNOLOGIES SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY
111. d Align ADC System Alignments Align Subsystem Align All Now System Alignments Align IF System Alignments Align Subsystem Align RF System Alignments Align Subsystem Alignments System Align Subsystems System Alignments AII View Trace Trace Display Alpha Editor The Alpha Editor is accessed by following the Menu Access Paths that accompany the following key entries Choose Option License Key and Host Name AMPLITUDE Front Panel Y Scale Auto Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 Data Packing Cc o E io o lt YN c O 3 E lo EU Ll 7 Chapter 2 57 Y 0 h gt E 7 0 ru 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Auto Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced ADC Range Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Auto Align System Alignments AutoPeak Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced ADC Range Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform AutoPeakLock Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced ADC Range Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Auto Trig Mode Setup Trigger Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Average View Traces Display Traces Avera
112. d Q Waveform for E4406A 1 Q Input Scale Div 1 03 us Ref Value 0 00 s Ref Position Left Ctr Right Scale Coupling OnJOff Scale Div 100 0 mV Ref Value 0 00 V Ref Position Top Ctr Bot Scale Coupling On Off 1 Q Polar 1 Q Scale Div 100 0 mV Origin 0 00 V 1 Q Scale Div 100 0 mV Q Origin 0 00 V O lt waveform_2 gt 252 Chapter 8 Figure 8 10 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Waveform Time Domain Measurement Key Flow 4 of 4 page 196 Chapter 8 Select 1 2 3 4 Normal Delta Function Off Band Power Noise Off Trace Signal Envelope Linear Envelope Linear Envelope Linear Phase 1 Q Waveform Waveform Q Waveform Off Shape Diamond Diamond Marker All Off for E4406A I Q Input for E4406A l Q Input for E4406A l Q Input for E4406A 1 Q Input waveform 2 253 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 11 ACP Measurement Key Flow 1 of 2 page 168 MEASURE ACPR ACLR Meas Setup Avg Number 20 On Off Avg Mode E
113. d without performing a demodulation The average power in the useful part is then computed and displayed and the GSM limit mask is applied The measurement displays Pass when the burst fits within the bounds of the mask Making the Measurement The factory default settings provide a good starting point For special requirements you may need to change some of the settings Press Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Restore Meas Defaults at any time to return all parameters for the current measurement to their default settings Select the desired center frequency Press Measure Pwr vs Time to immediately make Power vs Time the active measurement To change any of the measurement parameters from the factory default values refer to the Changing the Measurement Setup section for this measurement 142 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Making the Power vs Time Measurement Results Figure 4 44 Power vs Time Measurement Result Burst View Agilent 05 08 01 10 06 02 Service 2 Viem Trace A D 1 Ch Freq 935 200 MHz TSC Ruto Burs Power vs Time cs ooo M Center Freq 935 200000 MHz RF Envelope Rise amp Fal Multi Slo 3501 points Mean Transmit Power Current Data 1 03 dBm E A gt io O o 7 lt o 3 E 7 Figure 4 45 Power vs Time Measurement Result Rise amp Fall View 3X Agilent 05 08 01 10 09 26 Service View Trace Ch Freq 935 200 MHz TSC Auto Bu
114. dBm 1 23 MHz ACP Lower Offset Freq Integ BH dBc dBm kHz Z i MHz E zx E io O g 7 c E o 3 E 7 The ACP Bar Graph measurement result should look like the above figure The bar graph referenced to the total power and a text window are displayed The text window shows the absolute total power reference while the lower and upper offset channel power levels are displayed in both absolute and relative readings In this example the test failed because of excessive power in the lower region In the factory default condition 5 of the total integration power levels centered at the carrier frequency and 4765 0 kHz and 1 995 MHz offset frequencies are shown in the default result display The corresponding measured data is shown in the text window Depending on the Meas Type selection one of the two following displays is obtained Bar Graph Total Pwr Ref A histogram of powers referenced to the total power Bar Graph PSD Ref A histogram of powers referenced to the mean power spectral density of the carrier in dBm Hz Chapter 4 127 o 2 E o o 5 7 o o E Step 7 Figure 4 33 Step 8 Making Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements Press the View Trace Spectrum keys to see the ACP Spectrum graph view with the bandwidth marker lines in the graph window In the factory default condition the frequency spectrum with the FFT sweep type is d
115. der the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off ESTE ESTET Aoy NOTE If the 1 0 Waveform window is active in the I Q Waveform view or the I Waveform or Q Waveform window is active in the I and Q Waveform view for E4406A with Option B7C the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the menu to modify the following parameters Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing an amplitude value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V However since the Scale Coupling Chapter 5 209 Q O c o o o oc gt oO x NOTE Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Position Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Ctr Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling
116. e E Meas Display Restart d AMPLITUDE USA input Y Scale Channel Marker O Marker Search y Q pu E o no d EU 2 O o Chapter 1 23 Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency Figure 1 3 These Features are Dependent on the Selected Measurement and the Measurement Setup Averaging Trigger Source Advanced Limits Displ Meas Marker AMPLITUDE Y Scale us Search Some Measureand Meas Setupparameters are context dependent upon the Radio variant and Device selected in the Mode Setup o o gt L P 2 o 7 o 24 Chapter 1 Getting Started Front Panel Keys Context Dependency Front Panel Keys Context Dependent Relationships Figure 1 4 NA o 2 SS i qld dnies Wid u 9I Getting Started mal uinjeH i MOpUIM uiooz 1X9N qeu MOPUIM uoneBiAeN ENTE AONANOAYS awen ueyd du poueg 1966111 woes some 011u0g seal Joxy1e N syw p vuenpy a1e9S A 3aniridwv ETA NVdS MIA O I a Kejdsiq no 19661
117. e The center frequency is displayed as half the current Span Waveform Views for Baseband 1 Q Inputs For Waveform measurements two new displays are available exclusively for baseband I Q input signals the I and Q Waveform view which separates the individual I and Q traces and the I Q Polar view Since the horizontal axis for Waveform measurements is Time the FREQUENCY Channel front panel key has no active menu for baseband I Q Waveform measurements Use Span to change horizontal scale A Chapter 6 229 Si Te Fe Vo To 7 E a c fe iS Concepts Baseband l Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts Linear Envelope view is also available to display baseband signals that employs linear voltage units on the vertical axis Waveform Signal Envelope Views of I only or Q only The I and Q Waveform of an I Q signal is very different from the complex signal displayed in the Waveform Signal Envelope view That is because the Signal Envelope is a product of both the I and Q modulation waveforms However an I and Q Waveform measurement of an I only or Q only signal is exactly the same signal displayed in the Waveform Signal Envelope view That is because an I only or Q only waveform determines the I only or Q only signal envelope Thus the Waveform Signal Envelope view can be used to measure an I only or Q only waveform directly Comparing RF and Baseband 1 Q Measurement Views The following table compare
118. e function area of the display Then press the Done key Before you enter the license key for the EDGE Retrofit Option 252 you must already have entered the license key for the GSM Option BAH 2 Press License Key to enter the letters and digits of your license key You will validate your license key entry in the active function area of the display Then press the Done key 9 Press the Install Now key The message New option keys become active after reboot will appear along with the Yes No menu press the Yes key and cycle the instrument power off and then on to complete your installation process or press the No key to cancel the installation process Viewing a License Key Measurement personalities purchased with your instrument have been installed and activated at the factory before shipment The instrument requires a License Key unique to every measurement personality purchased The license key is a hexadecimal number specific to your measurement personality instrument serial number and host ID It enables you to install or reactivate that particular personality 42 Chapter 1 NOTE NOTE Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities Use the following procedure to display the license key unique to your personality option that is already installed in your E4406 Press System More More Install Choose Option to enter the letters and numbers for the option you want You can see the key on
119. e Mode is changed the message will be cleared without running an alignment When set to the On state an alignment which slows down measurements automatically occurs every 5 minutes or when a change in ambient temperature of greater than 3 C has occurred Align All Now Immediately activates an alignment on all of the instruments standard RF IF and ADC alignments All other operations are stopped and the alignments progress will be visible on the display o Ej io o lt YN c O 3 E lo EU Ll 7 Align Subsystem Allows you to activate one or a group of the Chapter 2 81 Y o A El E 7 0 LL 7 3 YN gt uN 2 E YN m Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys standard internal instrument alignments Perform alignments on circuitry relating to the following internal alignments Press the ESC key to cause any alignment to stop Align RF Activates an alignment on the RF circuitry Align IF Activates an alignment on the IF circuitry The main gain of the Analog IF is used to compensate for prefilter BW gain variations so the gain of the entire IF path before the A D remains constant Align ADC Activates an alignment on the ADC circuitry Align 50 MHz Reference Enables a service technician to adjust the amplitude of the internal 50 MHz reference signal for absolute amplitude accuracy The test equipment and the adjustment proced
120. e external trigger accepts an external trigger signal between 5 and 5 V and has a nominal impedance of 10 k O For more information on triggering see page 89 6 SCSI Currently the SCSI connection can only be used to connect an external SCSI drive for firmware upgrades 32 Chapter 1 Getting Started Rear Panel Description SCSI functionality will be fully implemented with a future firmware update 7 Line Power Input AC power line connection The line voltage operates at nominally 115 V 47 to 440 Hz or at nominally 230 V 47 H to 66 Hz The input power ranges for the power supply are 90 to 132 V or 195 to 250 Vrms The power supply automatically senses the input power and switches between these two ranges There is no customer replaceable power fuse When on the instrument consumes less than 350 W when in standby less than 20 W 8 KYBD This feature is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update The KYBD enables connection of an external PS 2 keyboard using a 6 pin mini DIN connector If no keyboard is available you can use the numeric keyboard and the Alpha Editor menu key feature to make the entries The keyboard must be plugged into the instrument prior to powering the instrument on or the keyboard will not work 9 GPIB The GPIB allows the connection of a General Purpose Interface Bus GPIB cable which enables remote instrument operation 10 LAN TP The LAN TP connector can be u
121. e trace that will be used for the other marker keys You can then use marker features to obtain the results you desire To access Trace keys press Marker Trace The selections in the Trace menu include traces on all windows for the current measurement including windows that are not currently displayed When making waveform measurements you can activate the following trace keys RF Envelope and I Q Waveform keys When making spectrum measurements you can activate Spectrum Spectrum Avg and I Q Waveform keys The spectrum average trace feature places a marker on the average trace in the spectrum window Markers Up to four markers can appear on the display simultaneously but only one marker can be activated and moved at a time This marker is called the active marker Press Marker to access the keys below except for the Shape and Marker All Off keys which require you to press Marker More 1 of 2 Normal Activates a single marker on the selected trace as set by the trace key in units either of frequency or time depending on the 98 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements measurement mode that is currently active However if a marker has previously been activated that marker will persist as the default marker until it is changed You can change the position of the marker through use of the front panel step keys and RPG knob Annotation in the active function area and the upper right hand corner of
122. ea debct eee ea ee een ee eee 95 lx 2b WE o ET T em 142 ROW d quic dep M Na ER 144 Ber Tert SS Hei ndi RH INIM EM M mM I HE iE 97 A O A A ee 97 E e AE E EE A A dE 15 A A A A E A E A T A O E E A 67 RoS Bi O A A AS E ER 95 Teer Oret OE i ia TAE EE 90 estate baso DE RP 83 12 List of Commands Restore Moas De ulla son xoi A AA a du adulte aba 95 RES UU I t PC TT 94 RF Barst Wideband spice cio a E HEIN M DIEM A 89 HDI TTE 87 Roe 021 RE oo oom 145 DE DB caen ae t cc ER REL a ER RUE D Lotus ca exhi ae venias tes Eid Ee eiae RE oM E PO A ed eee 71 MEET e E RE T S SEE 97 A A A E EEEE 97 ETA rs M 74 SA at cee daa ane ae 99 a sos o PO oz eat oH O accede ee 150 A te CR ROT hua E ortu uri 74 AP a aa a 86 O rus E E E E E E E E EU E E E ud Md 99 Mie EPS A A D a aA T7 add ai bit 74 e NE A E EE o ESSE m 88 DIU TS DE uie A POR terete ROT LOL en Pe tige 88 Lih MM ecc E RU AT ida 89 EL Poniran E A Eon neia 74 IT RO O gg Eo S SN 9 7 IUD EE ee eee ree TA ERU Ea en Oed aeri Ben cid ee Ir va ex RE Le den eee 97 SI ias 90 IU Vl MURUS 74 A a II dea deneecn eee 83 TA E DEEP ae 146 LIT A 98 jb Do PES 89 UC is cscs M T 89 buo A A eaaen they ear pauaruae ee 78 i opui oiu por E eer c 89 REO E E NN E NI see CT es 83 DOCTI eT 96 13 E O Lad e S O e 3 3 D 5 Qa 0 List of Commands 7 Ke c o E E fe S o T l
123. econd at the Measurement level then finally the result display may be adjusted 1 Select and Set Up the Mode Press MODE All licensed installed Modes available are shown Press Basic mode to make measurements of signals with non standard formats Press Mode Setup Make any required adjustments to the mode settings These settings apply to all measurement in the mode 2 Select and Set Up the Measurement Press MEASURE Select a specific measurement to be performed e g The measurement begins as soon as any required trigger conditions are met The resulting data is shown on the display or is available for export Press Meas Setup Make any adjustments as required to the selected measurement settings The settings only apply to this measurement 3 Select and Set Up a View of the Results Press Trace View Select a display format for the current measurement data Depending on the mode and measurement selected other graphical and tabular data presentations may be available X Scale and Y Scale adjustments may also be made now NOTE A setting may be reset at any time and will be in effect on the next measurement cycle or View Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys 1 Select amp setup MODE Mode Setup System a Mode Input E4406 FREQUENCY Channel 2 Select amp set up MEASURE Meas Setup Meas Control a Measurement Restart 3 Select amp set up View Trace E4406 SPAN X Scale File
124. ected earth contact Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous Intentional interruption is prohibited No operator serviceable parts inside Refer servicing to qualified personnel To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers Always use the three prong AC power cord supplied with this product Failure to ensure adequate grounding may cause product damage Where to Find the Latest Information Documentation is updated periodically For the latest information about Agilent Technologies E4406 VSA Series Transmitter Tester including firmware upgrades and application information please visit the following Internet URL http www agilent com find vsa Contents 3 7 9 9 gt 5 1 Getting Started a What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester 17 Why Aren t All the Personality Options Loaded in Memory o ooo ooocoocoomo oo 18 URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester Update ooooooooomocommm o 19 Understanding Digital Communications Measurements l selle sn 19 Updating the EIC BER os eie d vio ee o EU Ce OP Ra PRO cU Ee PR RAE 20 The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements lesen 21 Front Panel Keys Context Dependency 0 0 ccc ccc ene 22 Front Panel Descriptions cccd cane ed eei ncs x REISEN AA AAA eps 26 Hear Panel Desctiptiob dco e eee Sean ea
125. el Power Power Spectral Density 9 89 dBm 1 23000 MHz 70 79 dBm Hz cdma2000 Rev 8 Downlink SR1 9 Channel Baseband I Q Inputs Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement There are two new views with baseband I Q input Spectrum measurements the Spectrum view with 0 Hz center frequency and the Spectrum Linear view with 0 Hz center frequency and the vertical scale in volts If you have l only or Q only selected as the Input Port a Spectrum view does not have 0 Hz as the center frequency It is displayed with 0 Hz at the left margin similar to a conventional spectrum display except that the start frequency remains 0 Hz regardless of Span and the center frequency is displayed as half the Span Chapter 4 137 Making Measurements Using Option B7C Baseband l Q Inputs Figure 4 39 Spectrum View Baseband I Q Inputs 3 Agilent 09 01 01 16 05 55 RIL TS M Baseband 1 8 Spectrum Freq Domain Spectrum o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o x Capture Time W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 Downlink 1 DCPH Baseband I Q Inputs Figure 4 40 Spectrum Linear View Baseband I Q Inputs 2 Agilent 08 01 01 16 46 59 Baseband I Spectrum Freq Domain Linear Spectrum W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 Downlink 1 DCPH Baseband I Q Inputs 138 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Using Option B7C Baseband l Q Inputs Figure 4 41 Basic Mode Spectrum I only View Baseband I Q Inputs se Agilent 08 02 01 12 86 19 Basic
126. ement from the point at which it was paused Restart re initiates the current measurement from the beginning including averaging without changing the current measurement settings If the measurement is paused then restart is the same as resuming from the beginning of the measurement instead of from the point at which it was paused Measurement Setup The Meas Setup key accesses features that enable you to adjust parameters of the current measurement such as resolution bandwidth You will also use the Meas Setup menu to access Average Trig Source and Advanced measure setup feature menus The following features can be used with many measurements 94 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements Res BW Changes the resolution bandwidth of a given measurement Selection of a narrower bandwidth will result in a longer data acquisition time Restore Meas Defaults Presets only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement This will set the measure setup parameters to the factory defaults only for the currently selected measurement Averaging Features in the Average menu allow you to modify the number average mode and type of averaging you use for the currently selected measurement The features available for averaging will vary slightly depending on the measurement that is currently active On the display averaged trace results are shown in blue while the instantaneous signal is shown in yell
127. ement is set to either spectrum or waveform Marker Front Panel Maximum System Config I O SICL Server Connections Mrkr All Off Marker More 1 of 2 Maximum Meas Setup Average Avg Type Max Total Pwr Input Measure Front Panel Meas BW MODE Basic Meas Setup Meas Control Front Panel Meas Interval MODE Basic Meas Setup Meas Setup Front Panel Medium Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 Data Packing Minimum Meas Setup Average Avg Type Min Pnts RBW Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Size Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum MODE Front Panel Mode Setup Front Panel Next Window Front Panel Noise Marker Function Normal Marker Off Marker Orientation Print Setup Print To Printer Pause Meas Control PCL3 Print Setup Print To File File Type PCL5 Print Setup Print To File File Type Peak Level Mode Setup Trigger RF Burst 62 Chapter 2 Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Power Stat CCDF MODE Basic Meas Setup Portrait Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type Custom Orientation Pre ADC BPF Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Pre FFT BW Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This fea
128. en Ie uem roe A BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Haveform Time Domain A A 1 0 Polar E zx E io O g 7 c E o 3 E 7 I Origin View Trace I Q Polar Trigger Source Ext Rear Others Factory default settings Input signal 10 dBm Idle slot 1xEV DO Meas Setup Step 8 Press the AMPLITUDE Y Scale and down arrow keys until the waveforms are shown at a convenient voltage scale for viewing Step 9 Press the SPAN X Scale and down arrow keys until the waveforms are shown at a convenient time scale for viewing Step 10 Press the Marker Trace and I Q Waveform keys to activate a marker Rotate the RPG knob until the marker is shown at a desired time in the waveform for viewing the trace values at the time position of the marker Step 11 To make a measurement repeatedly press Meas Control Measure to toggle the setting from Single to Cont Step 12 Press the Meas Setup More 1 of 2 keys to check the keys available to change the measurement parameters from the default condition Using the Waveform Measurement to Set Up Triggering for burst signals You can use the waveform measurement to view your signal in the time domain and to help select the appropriate trigger to acquire your signal Step 1 Activate the waveform measurement view Chapter 4 123 o 2 E o o 5 7 o z o E Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Making Measurements Waveform T
129. ent yellow trace and Average blue trace data To make viewing the display easier you can view either the Current trace or Average separately Press Trace View Trace Display and select the trace s desired for display Press SPAN X Scale and the up or down arrow keys until the waveform is shown at a convenient time scale for viewing The next figure shows an example of an RF Envelope key is called Signal Envelope on VSA result for a waveform time domain measurement The measured values for the mean power and peak to mean power are shown in the text window Chapter 4 113 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o x Figure 4 16 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Waveform Measurement RF Envelope Default View e Agilent 11 32 18 Oct 8 2001 Basic m Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Haveform Time Domain SSE E RF Envelope Hean Pwr Entire Trace 22 47 dBm Pk to Mean 8 90 dB Meas Setup Trace View RF Envelope Others Factory default settings Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel 114 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Step 7 Press the Trace View for PSA or View Trace for E4406A key to display the menu allowing selection of the other Waveform views including the following Linear Envelope for E4406A Option B7C Provides a combination view of a linear signal envelope graph and a phase graph with linear gratic
130. ent over the LAN Solution Make sure the correct IP address subnet mask and host name are stored in the instrument Press System Config I O then read the IP address subnet mask and host name which are shown on the corresponding menu key labels The default subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 should be sufficient for most closed network applications If the Restore Sys Defaults key has been used recently the IP address subnet mask and host name will have been reset to factory defaults The IP address is changed to 10 10 10 10 the subnet mask is changed to 255 255 0 0 and the host name is set to VSA Instrument Keyboard is Locked Symptom The keyboard is locked and does not respond to attempts to activate features Solution A programmer can lock the keyboard remotely using the SCPI KLOCk command You can confirm if this is the reason the keyboard is locked by examining the annunciator bar a message saying Klock will appear if this command has been executed 236 Chapter 7 If You Have a Problem Warranty Information Warranty Information E c I E lt Ly o a x cz 1 3 Warranty This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment During the warranty period Agilent Technologies will at its option either repair or replace products that prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this produ
131. ep Time 1 0 us Res BW 100 000 kHz Average Avg Number 10 On Off Avg Mode Exp Repeat Avg Type Pwr Avg RMS Pwr Avg RMS Log Pwr Avg Video Maximum Minimum Trig Source Free Run Immediate Free Run Immediate Video IF Envlp RF Burst IF Wideband Ext Front Ext Rear Frame Line Restore Meas Defaults Advanced Pre ADC BPF 10 0000 MHz On Off RBW Fitr Gaussian Flat ADC Range Auto Auto Auto Peak AutoPeakLock Manual 6 dB lt with 14 bit ADC gt 0 dB 6 dB 12 dB 18 dB 24 dB lt with 12 bit ADC gt Data Packing Auto Auto Short 16 bit Medium 24 bit Long 32 bit ADC Dither On Off Decimation 1 On Off O lt waveform_1 gt 250 Chapter 8 Figure 8 8 196 a ES Va Signal Envelope SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us Ref Value 0 00 s Ref Position Left Ctr Right Scale Coupling OnJOff AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 10 00 dB
132. er 68 D data entry 29 numeric keys 29 Data Packing Spectrum measurement 184 199 Data Source key 162 Decimation spectrum measurement 184 defaults factory presets 86 Delay key trigger menu 89 deleting an application personality 38 Delta key 99 Diagnostics key 78 documentation option 17 transmitter tester 17 E editing text 72 Error annunciator 36 errors corrections off 37 keys 77 oven cold 37 troubleshooting front panel 234 unlock 37 ESC key 26 Ethernet Addr key 73 ethernet key 73 Even Second error annunciator 37 exponential averaging 95 Ext Front key 96 Ext Rear key 96 external reference 37 using an 75 External Reference error annunciator 36 F factory defaults presetting 86 FFT Length key 183 FFT Size menu 183 FFT Window key 182 file features 71 filter gain setup wideband 212 setup wideband 212 Filter Alpha key 212 Filter BW key 212 Filter Type key 212 Firmware Revision key 78 Flat Top key 212 floppy disk drive 30 Frame Timer key trigger menu 89 Free Run key 96 Freq Ref key 75 frequency 259 Index selecting the 90 frequency channel center frequency 159 frequency channel key menu 159 FREQUENCY channel key 90 front panel key menu maps 22 front panel keys 26 Front Panel Test 152 Function key 99 G Gaussian key 212 GPIB Address key 73 GPIB keys 73 H hardware configuration keys 77
133. er 4 151 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements Front Panel Test Front Panel Test Purpose The front panel test checks the functionality of the instrument front panel keys and the RPG knob Test Setup Press Measure More 1 of 2 Front Panel Test Once the Front Panel Test key is pressed you will see a display with three columns appear on the screen The entries on the left side of each column describe a key On the right side of each entry you will see a 0 The front panel test requires you to press each of the front panel keys in any order with the exception of the ESC key which must be pressed last and to turn the RPG knob The first time you press a key a 1 will replace the 0 that originally appeared to the right of the key column Each additional instance of pressing a given key will result in an increment to the number listed in the column to the right of the key description For example if you press the Zoom key four times you will see a 4 to the right of the Zoom entry Rotating the RPG knob will result in a rapidly incrementing or decrementing value appearing in the column to the right of the RPG Knob entry Rotate the RPG knob clockwise and counter clockwise You will see negative or positive values appear in ascending or descending order depending on the direction you have turned the RPG knob Note that the two step keys the up and down arrow keys are described as the
134. er tester Remove the 50 MHz signal to fix this problem Chapter 7 235 E S f I E lt Ly o v fe z 1 3 g Q e n o gt lt 3 gt If You Have a Problem Problem Symptoms and Solutions Measurement Keys Do Not Appear after Pressing the Mode Key Symptom After pressing the MODE key you have selected a particular mode like Basic Service or one of the measurement personalities but the menu for the mode you have selected does not appear on the menu keys Solution If you were already in the mode that you selected you must press the MEASURE key to display the available measurements Instrument Power On Problem Symptom The instrument will not power on The instrument is plugged in but the green LED above the front panel power switch is not on The yellow standby LED may be flashing or may be extinguished Something appears to be causing the instrument power supply to shut down Solution An external device or internal assembly is causing the instrument to shut down or the power supply may be in thermal shutdown Inspect the instrument to ensure that it is receiving adequate air flow Disconnect all devices from the rear panel and remove anything connected to the front panel probe power jack If after powering the instrument off the instrument powers on determine which device caused the problem LAN Communication Problem Symptom You cannot communicate with the instrum
135. es The spectrum and waveform measurements that can be accessed through the service menu are explained in the section on basic measurements Refer to Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements on page 101 and Waveform Time Domain Measurements on page 112 To access the Service mode press the Mode key and select the Service menu key The following service measurements are available Pwr vs Time on page 142 Timebase Frequency on page 146 50 MHz Amptd on page 148 Sensors on page 150 Spectrum on page 101 Waveform on page 112 Front Panel Test on page 152 Chapter 4 141 E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E NOTE Making Measurements Making the Power vs Time Measurement Making the Power vs Time Measurement Purpose This measurement is provided for instrument internal testing and self diagnostics Power vs Time measures the mean transmit power during the useful part of GSM bursts and verifies that the power ramp fits the within the defined mask Power vs Time also lets you view the rise fall and useful part of the GSM burst Measurement Method The instrument acquires a GSM signal in the time domain The T0 point and the useful part are computed If Burst Sync is set to Training Seq a GSM demodulation is performed to find TO If Burst Sync is set to RF Amptd an approximation of T0 will be use
136. es allow you to verify if the stimulus signal provided by another design team is adequate For example RF designers can use CCDF curves to verify that the signal provided by the digital signal processing DSP section is realistic e To confirm that a component design is adequate or to troubleshoot your subsystem or system design you can make CCDF measurements at several points of a system For example if the ACLR of a transmitter is too high you can make CCDF measurements at the input and output of the PA If the PA design is 220 Chapter 6 Concepts Power Stat CCDF Measurement Concepts correct the curves will coincide If the PA compresses the signal the PAR of the signal is lower at the output of the PA Measurement Method The power measured in power statistics CCDF curves is actually instantaneous envelope power defined by the equation P 0Q Z where I and Q are the quadrature voltage components of the waveform and Zo is the characteristic impedance A CCDF curve is defined by how much time the waveform spends at or above a given power level The percent of time the signal spends at or above the level defines the probability for that particular power level For capturing a lower probability down to 0 0001 this measurement is made in the single mode by setting Measure under Meas Control to Single To make the power statistics CCDF measurement the instrument uses digital signal processing DSP to sample the input
137. ese settings apply to all measurement in the mode 2 Select and Set Up the Measurement Press MEASURE Select a specific measurement to be performed e g The measurement begins as soon as any required trigger conditions are met The resulting data is shown on the display or is available for export Press Meas Setup Make any adjustments as required to the selected measurement settings The settings only apply to this measurement 3 Select and Set Up a View of the Results Press Trace View Select a display format for the current measurement data Depending on the mode and measurement selected other graphical and tabular data presentations may be available X Scale and Y Scale adjustments may also be made now NOTE A setting may be reset at any time and will be in effect on the next measurement cycle or View Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys 1 Select amp setup MODE Mode Setup System a Mode Input E4406 FREQUENCY Channel 2 Select amp set up MEASURE Meas Setup Meas Control a Measurement Restart 3 Select amp set up View Trace E4406 SPAN X Scale File Save Print a View of the AMPLITUDE Y Scale Print Setup Marker Results Display Search E4406 Chapter 4 Next Window Zoom 93 E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements
138. etween Pos at the positive going edge and Neg at the negative going edge of the burst signal Trig Holdoff Sets the period of time before the next trigger can occur The range is 0 000 us to 500 0 ms with 1 us resolution For Option 122 or 140 When the wideband path is selected the trigger holdoff is the minimum time that must occur between trigger events before a trigger is accepted For example a rising edge external trigger with a 10 ms holdoff will not trigger until at least 10 ms has passed during which no rising edges have occurred This Option 123 definition changes slightly for negative slope video triggers For this case the instrument waits until it sees a time interval following the trigger event that is free of additional trigger events This lets you trigger on the falling edge of a burst that may contain trigger events Auto Trig Specifies a time for a trigger timeout and toggle the auto trigger function between On and Off The range is 1 000 ms to 1 000 ESTE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Front Panel Keys ks with 1 us resolution If no trigger occurs by the specified time a trigger is automatically generated Frame Timer Accesses the menu to manually control the frame timer Period Sets the period of the frame clock The range is 0 000 ns to 559 0000 ms with 1 ns resolution Offset Sets the offset of the frame clock The range is 0 000 to 10 00 s with 100 ns resolution over 1 000 us range
139. fault setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off NOTE For E4406A with Option B7C ifthe Linear Envelope window is active in the Linear Envelope view the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the following menu Q Oo c 7 o o oc gt oO x Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing an amplitude value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV per division However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Position Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Top 208 Chapter 5 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off
140. ff the alignment traces which are visible in the display during an alignment will be turned off and the alignment process will take less time When set to High every alignment trace is shown resulting in the alignment taking more time than when Visible Align is set to Low the default state where one out of ten traces is shown Note that text showing alignment results is displayed on screen when any alignment is activated even when the visible alignment is set to Off o Ej io l lt YN c 3 E EU Ll 7 Chapter 2 83 Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys Y 0 h gt E 7 ru 7 3 YN gt 7 2 E YN 84 Chapter 2 Spo ay Bumes Setting the Mode A set of mode parameters such as input and trigger settings applies to each mode These settings affect all measurements and measurement setup parameters in the current mode 85 o O o lt 2 E E YN NOTE Setting the Mode Selecting a Mode Selecting a Mode The Mode menu key is used to select the measurement personality you have purchased with your instrument or to select the basic or service modes which are native to the instrument Upon turn on the instrument will default to the basic mode Mode Accesses the measurement personality mode Press the key that corresponds to the mode you want to select such as GSM or cdmaOne
141. function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off For E4406A if the 1 0 Polar window is active in the I Q Polar view the SPAN X Scale or AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the menu to modify the following parameters l Q Scale Div Sets the vertical and horizontal scales by changing a value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV I or Q Origin Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V Display Key Menu The Display key is not available for this measurement Marker Key Menu Key Path Marker The Marker front panel key accesses the menu to configure the markers Select 12 34 Activates up to four markers with the corresponding numbers respectively The selected number is underlined and its function is defined by pressing the Function key The default is 1 Normal Activates the selected marker to read the time position and amplitude of the marker on the RF envelope or Signal Envelope trace Marker position is controlled by the RPG knob Delta Reads the differences in frequency and either time position or ampl
142. g from 8 to 1048576 The FFT length setting is automatically limited so that it is equal to or greater than the FFT window length setting Any amount greater than the window length is implemented by zero padding This key is grayed out if Length Control is set to Auto ADC Range Accesses the menu to define one of the following ADC ranging functions Auto Sets the ADC range automatically For most FFT spectrum measurements the auto feature should not be selected An exception is when measuring a signal which is bursty in which case auto can maximize the time domain dynamic range if FFT results are less important to you than time domain results ESTE ESTET Aoy T Auto Peak Sets the ADC range automatically to the peak signal level Auto peak is a compromise that works well for both CW and burst signals 1 Auto Peak Lock Select this to hold the ADC range automatically at the peak signal level Auto peak lock is more stable than auto peak for CW signals but should not be used for bursty signals 1 Manual Accesses the selection menu of values 6 to 24 dB for E4406A or None to 18 dB for PSA to set the ADC range level Also note that manual ranging is best for CW signals Chapter 5 183 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Data Packing Selects Auto the default or the Short 16 bit Medium 24 bit and Long 32 bit methods of data packing The short medium and long methods a
143. g is Off The pre ADC bandpass filter is useful for rejecting nearby signals so that sensitivity within the span range can be improved by increasing the ADC range gain Q O c o o o oc gt oO x RBW Filter Toggles the resolution bandwidth filter selection between Flat and Gaussian If set to Gaussian the filter provides more even time domain response particularly for bursts If set to Flat the filter provides a flatter bandwidth but is less accurate for pulse responses A flat top filter also requires less memory and allows longer data acquisition times For most waveform applications the Gaussian filter is recommended The resolution bandwidth range is 10 Hz to 8 MHz using the Gaussian filter or 10 Hz to 10 MHz using the Flat top filter ADC Range Accesses the menu to select one of the ADC ranging functions L Auto Automatically adjusts the signal range for optimal measurement results 1 AutoPeak Continuously searches for the highest peak signal 198 Chapter 5 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys 1 AutoPeakLock Adjusts the range for the highest peak signal it identifies It retains the range settings determined by that peak signal even when the peak signal is no longer present 1 Manual Accesses the selection menu of values 6 to 24 dB for E4406A or None to 18 dB for PSA to set the ADC range level Also note that manual ranging is best for CW signals Data
144. g to the Serial Port RS 232 Figure 1 19 HP F1047 80002 Cable with 5181 6642 Adapter F1047 80002 5181 6642 Instrument Cable Adapter Gray 1 1 1 2 gt A 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 5 6 6 6 7 B X88 x 8 8 8 20 Y Y 9 22 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB25 DB25 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca817a Figure 1 20 HP F1047 80002 Cable with 5181 6639 Adapter F1047 80002 5181 6639 Instrument Cable Adapter Black Modem 1 1 1 1 n gt 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 ST gt lt 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 DB9 Male Female Female Male Male Female ca818a 50 Chapter 1 WARNING WARNING CAUTION CAUTION Getting Started Safety Considerations Safety Considerations This section covers safety considerations relating to the installation and use of the instrument Instrument Installation Install the instrument so that the detachable power cord is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator The detachable power cord is used to completely disconnect the instrument The front panel switch is only a standby switch which maintains standby power to some parts of the instrument It does not disconnect the instrument from the power source Alternatively an externally installed switch or circuit breaker which is readily identifiable and is easily reached by the operator may be used as a disconnecting device The input power ranges for the power supply are 90 to 132 V or 195
145. g windows are available Signal Envelope graph with semi log graticules and summary 160 Chapter 5 Key Reference Front Panel Keys data I Q waveform graph and summary data CCDF Press this key to make power statistics measurements The following windows are available The tested CCDF curve shown on the right hand side of the display The average power and the power statistics data on the left hand side of the display Meas Control Key Menu Key path Meas Control Chapter 5 161 Restart Press this key to repeat the current measurement from the beginning while retaining the current measurement settings When pressed the scale coupling function is activated for an appropriate display to the current input signal level This is equivalent to the Restart front panel key Measure Press this key not to be confused with the MEASURE front panel key which has a different function to toggle the measurement state between Single and Cont continuous When set to Single the measurement will continue until it has reached the specified number of averages set by the average counter When set to Cont the measurement will run continuously and execute averaging according to the current average mode either repeat or exponential The default setting is Cont for most measurements but the Code Domain and Power Stat CCDF measurements have Single as the default Pause Press this key to pause the current measurement until
146. ge Meas Setup Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Avg Mode Meas Setup Average Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Avg Number Meas Setup Average Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Avg Trace Marker More 1 of 2 Marker Trace Avg Type Meas Setup Average Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Band Power Marker Function Basic MODE Blackman Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window Blackman Harris Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window More 1 of 2 BMP Print Setup Print To File File Type cdmaOne MODE Center Freq FREQUENCY Channel Choose Option System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Install Choose Option System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Uninstall 58 Chapter 2 Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Clear Error Queue s System Show Errors Color Print Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type Custom Define Custom Color Printer Yes Color Printer Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type Custom Define Custom Comb Input IF Align Signal Signal Type Config I O System Corrections System Alignments Counts MODE Basic Meas Setup Current View Trace Trace Display Current Trace Mar
147. ge appears requesting entry of a password you should understand this to indicate that this feature is meant for service use only The password is not available unless the user has purchased the service guide Restore System Defaults Press System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 to access the Restore Sys Defaults key There are some instrument functions that stay set to the last value that you selected even if you press the instrument preset key or turn the power off and on The Restore Sys Defaults key allows you to preset those functions back to the original factory settings Pressing this key will preset functions like the GPIB IP address external reference trigger settings and auto alignment selection You will have to reset these items to return to the your previous setup Show Errors Press System Show Errors to activate a menu with features that enable you to move around in the error history queue and to clear the error queue Chapter 2 77 e Clear Error Queue s The error history queue retains and displays all errors once they have been detected even if they are no Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 System Show Errors Top Page Last Page Next Page Prev Page 9 amp Clear Error Queue s L 7 Verbose 5 a lo 7 Y o A El E 7 0 LL 7 S YN 2 7 2 E YN m NOTE Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys
148. ge count displayed is set back to 1 This is equivalent to being in Measure Single and pressing the Restart key each time the single measurement finishes Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Integ BW Allows you to specify the integration bandwidth in which the power is measured The range is 1 000 kHz to 10 0000 MHz with 1 Hz resolution Since Integ BW is coupled to Chan Power Span in the factory default condition if you change the integration bandwidth setting the channel power span setting changes by a proportional amount 1 2 times the integration bandwidth until a limit value is reached Chan Power Span Allows you to set the frequency span for the channel power measurement The range is 1 000 kHz to 10 0000 MHz with 1 Hz resolution This span is used for the current integration bandwidth setting Since Chan Power Span is coupled to Integ BW in the factory default condition if you change the 176 Chapter 5 NOTE Table 5 2 Key Reference Channel Power Keys integration bandwidth setting the channel power span setting changes by a proportional amount 1 2 times the integration bandwidth until a limit value is reached However the channel power span can be individually set Restore Meas Defaults Allows you to preset only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement by pressing Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Restore Meas Defaults This will set the measure setup parameters for the currently se
149. ger Default Settings Ext Front Delay 0 000 us Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Ext Rear Delay 0 000 us Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Trig Holdoff 0 000 ms Auto Trig 100 0 ms Off Frame Timer Period 26 666667 ms Offset 0 000 ms Sync Source Off Chapter 5 167 ESTEE Aoy Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys NOTE You must have selected ACP at Key Path MEASURE to access these menus Measurement Setup Key Menu Key Path Meas Setup Avg Number Allows you to change the number of N averages Avg Mode Allows you to toggle the averaging mode between Exp exponential and Repeat This selection only effects on the averaging result after the number of N averages is reached The N is set using the Avg Number key Normal averaging Normal linear averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached When the Measure key under Meas Control is set to Single data acquisition is stopped when the number of N averages is reached thus Avg Mode has no effect in the single measurement mode Exponential averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely Exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N the displayed count of averages stops at N Exponential averaging weights new data more heavily than old data which allows tracking of slow changing signals The weighting factor N is set using
150. gger that has an automatic level control for burst signals e Ext Front Activates the front panel Ext Trigger Input The external trigger must be a signal between 5 and 5 volts e Ext Rear Activates the rear panel Trigger In The external trigger must be a signal between 5 and 5 volts Frame Uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal The clock parameters are controlled under the Mode Setup key or the measurement firmware not both See the specific measurement for details Line Activates an internal line trigger Sweep triggers occur at intervals synchronized to the line frequency Rear panel TRIGGER 1 OUT and TRIGGER 2 OUT connectors are coupled to the selected trigger source These trigger outputs are always on the rising edge with a pulse width of at least 1 us Changing the View The following keys enable you to select the desired view of the measurement and to change scale parameters for the graphic window View Trace Key View Trace Selects a predefined view of the current measurement and 96 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements highlights the selected window Once a window is selected the X and Y scale keys can be used to modify scale parameters The types of windows and X and Y scale parameters that are available will vary depending on the measurement you have activated Typical Measurement Windows Spectrum window Select this window if you want to view
151. gure 8 2 Mode Setup Key Flow page 161 MODE Basic Mode Setup Input Input Port RF 50 MHz Ref IF Align Input Atten 0 00 dB Ext RF Atten IF Align Signal Signal Rate 0 468 75 kHz Signal Amptd DAC 500 Signal Type CW How H Comb Trigger Pulse RF Burst Delay 0 000 s Peak Level 6 00 dB Video IF Envlp Delay 0 000 s Level 6 00 dBm Slope Pos Neg Ext Front Delay 0 000 s Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Neg Ext Rear Delay 0 000 s Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Neg Trig Holdoff 0 000000000 s Auto Trig 100 0 ms On Off Frame Timer Period 250 0000 us Offset 0 000 s Reset Offset Display Sync Source Off Off Ext Front Ext Rear mode setup basic gt Chapter 8 245 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Figure 8 3 FREQUENCY AMPLITUDE amp Meas Control Flows page 159 page 160 and page 161 MODE Basic FREQUENCY Channel Center Freq 1 000000 GHz AMP
152. he 50 MHz amplitude reference signal a power meter and a reliable external source will be needed to perform this test 1 Set the external source to a frequency of 50 MHz at a power level of 25 dBm 2 dBm 2 Connect the external source to the power meter through a cable Adjust the power output of the source until the power meter reads 25 00 dBm or as close to 25 00 dBm as possible 9 Disconnect the power sensor and connect the source to the transmitter tester 4 Press Mode Service Measure 50 MHz Amptd on the transmitter tester See next page for results 148 Chapter 4 Making Measurements 50 MHz Amplitude Results Window One RF Magnitude Shows the amplitude unitless of the external source as measured by the transmitter tester Window Two Cal Magnitude Shows the amplitude unitless of the 50 MHz input calibrator Window Three Error Shows a stripchart of the amplitude error between the 50 MHz internal calibrator and the external source amplitude Window Four numeric results Cal Amplitude The instrument s internal ADC level when measuring the internal 50 MHz calibrator amplitude RF Amplitude The instrument s internal ADC level when measuring the external source amplitude Error The difference in ADC level between the 50 MHz internal calibrator amplitude and the source amplitude x Ko O E 7 lt o 3 1 7 se Agilent 07 26 99 09 53 21 Me
153. he following parameters RBW Filter Choose the type of filter either Gaussian or Flat Flatop Gaussian is the best choice when looking at the overall burst or the rising and falling edges as it has excellent pulse response If you want to precisely examine just the useful part of the burst choose Flat Res BW sets the resolution bandwidth 144 Chapter 4 NOTE Making Measurements Making the Power vs Time Measurement Changing the View The View Trace key will access a menu which allows you to select the desired view of the measurement from the following selections Burst views the entire sweep as specified by the meas time Figure 4 44 on page 143 Rise amp Fall zooms in on the rising and falling portions of the burst being tested Figure 4 45 on page 143 The limit test will still be performed on the entire burst viewed using the Burst menu when Rise amp Fall is selected E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 Chapter 4 145 o 2 E o o 5 7 o z o E NOTE NOTE Making Measurements Timebase Frequency Timebase Frequency Purpose In the absence of a frequency counter the measurement quickly determines the frequency difference between the instrument s 10 MHz reference oscillator signal and an accurate external 10 MHz frequency standard The timebase frequency check is not as accurate as a measurement of the
154. her explanation of labels found on the rear panel see the section on safety considerations on page 53 Xn J j me Qo ofo 000000 E Soo pa C 2 CO CO C2 CO C2 O lo e DOE A NW EE COCoCoCoCy a UU O Y Maca Q OO O aj An Coco 2 OOOO K GGU O D TEAR o 7 2 C4 0 CO CO C o 0 CO SO 08 Sc ES CIC CS CO a COCOCOCOCo O OOGO COCoOCoCoco e ji JOA COCOCOCOCO lo CO CoOCOCO c S c 5 O ES CODA J Oc TO C Fa Gio O ole OA o o oocd gt gt 200c 5c 2c o0c L o 0O oco 4 SO 6 d en TO EUM E NI Mac E E 1 O oo o O o D Ja o yo ge 26g Gu pa82a 1 TRIGGER 2 OUT provides a transmitter tester trigger output This is used to synchronize other test equipment with the transmitter tester 2 TRIGGER 1 OUT provides a transmitter tester trigger output This is used to synchronize other test equipment with the transmitter tester 3 EXT REFIN allows the input of a 1 to 30 MHz external frequency reference signal The external reference frequency must be entered by the user o o gt L P 2 o c gt 7 o 4 10 MHz OUT provides an output of the transmitter tester s internal 10 MHz frequency reference signal This is used to lock the frequency reference of other test equipment with the transmitter tester This is a switched output 5 TRIGGERIN The external trigger allows external triggering of measurements Th
155. ide Does not include commands for the optional measurement personalities Error Messages and Includes all error messages and some Functional Tests simple tests for checking the instrument is functioning properly It does not test all Specifications Documentation CD ROM Includes programming examples Does not include service documentation or software A standard instrument contains the Basic and Service modes which are described here in the User s Guide o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O o If you have purchased an optional measurement personality your instrument comes loaded with the personality you have selected plus the Basic and Service modes You also receive the related guide containing measurement and programming information for the personality you have ordered Chapter 1 17 o o gt P 2 o c gt 7 o Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester Table 1 2 Personality Documentation Measurement Option Part Description Option BAC cdmaOne Guide Option BAH GSM Guide Option 202 EDGE and GSM Guide Option BAE NADC PDC Guide Option BAF W CDMA Guide Option B78 cdma2000 Guide Option 204 1xEV DO Guide Service documentation is also available from Agilent Technologies NOTE If the shipping container is damaged or any part is missing notify Agilent Technologies see page 239 for locations Whe
156. ignal processing to sample the input signal and convert it to the frequency domain With the instrument tuned to a fixed center frequency samples are digitized at a high rate converted to I and Q components with DSP hardware and then converted to the frequency domain with FFT software For E4406A Option B7C this measurement is available for both the RF input and baseband I Q inputs For details on Baseband I Q operation see the section on Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs Troubleshooting Hints Changes made by the user to advanced spectrum settings particularly to ADC range settings can inadvertently result in spectrum measurements that are invalid and cause error messages to appear Care needs to be taken when using advanced features 222 Chapter 6 Concepts Waveform Time Domain Measurement Concepts Waveform Time Domain Measurement Concepts Purpose The waveform measurement is a generic measurement for viewing the input signal waveforms in the time domain This measurement is how the instrument performs the zero span functionality found in traditional spectrum analyzers Basic mode waveform measurement data may be displayed using either a Signal Envelope window or an I Q window which shows the I and Q signal waveforms in parameters of voltage versus time The advantage of having an I Q view available while making a waveform measurement is that it allows you to view complex components of the same signal without cha
157. ime Domain Measurements Press MEASURE Waveform Time Domain Adjust the scale of the x axis to view the complete signal waveform Press SPAN X Scale Scale Div then use the front panel keypad to input the scale div then press a units key like us to complete the entry Select a trigger source free run is the default setting Press Meas Setup Trig Source then select one of the available trigger sources Setup the trigger conditions Press Trig or for E4406A press Mode Setup Trigger Setup then choose a trigger mode In the trigger mode set the delay peak level and positive or negative edge slope trigger You can also setup trigger holdoff auto trigger timing and frame timer settings For more details about using PSA Option 122 80 MHz BW Digitizing Hardware and PSA Option 140 40 MHz Digitizing Hardware including detailed function descriptions SCPI commands and concepts see the PSA Basic Mode Guide For more details about changing measurement parameters see Waveform Time Domain Measurement Concepts on page 223 124 Chapter 4 Figure 4 31 Making Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements This section explains how to make an adjacent channel power ACP measurement on a cellular mobile station ACP is a measurement of the amount of interference or power in an adjacent frequency channel The results are displayed as a bar graph or as spectrum data
158. ince the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Value Allows you to set the absolute power reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 dBm with 0 01 dB resolution The default setting is 10 00 dBm However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Position Allows you to set the display reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Top Scale Coupling Allows you to toggle the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu the scale coupling function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off MEASURE Key Menu Key path MEASURE Spectrum Freq Domain Press this key to make frequency domain Spectrum measurements The following windows are available Spectrum graph with semi log graticules and I Q waveform graph with linear graticules Waveform Time Domain Press this key to make time domain waveform measurements The followin
159. ined in a specified frequency channel bandwidth relative to the total carrier power It may also be expressed as a ratio of power spectral densities between the carrier and the specified offset frequency band As a composite measurement of out of channel emissions ACP combines both in band and out of band specifications to provide useful figures of merit for spectral regrowth and emissions produced by components and circuit blocks without the rigor of performing a full spectrum emissions mask measurement To maintain a quality call by avoiding channel interference it is important to measure and reduce any adjacent channel leakage power transmitted from a mobile phone The characteristics of adjacent channel leakage power are mainly determined by the transmitter design particularly the low pass filter Measurement Method This ACP measurement analyzes the total power levels within the defined carrier bandwidth and at given frequency offsets on both sides of the carrier frequency This measurement requires the user to specify measurement bandwidths of the carrier channel and each of the offset frequency pairs up to 5 Each pair may be defined with unique measurement bandwidths It uses an integration bandwidth IBW method that performs a time domain data acquisition and applies FFT to get a frequency domain trace In this process the channel integration bandwidth is analyzed using the automatically defined resolution bandwidth RBW which
160. is much narrower than the channel bandwidth The measurement computes an average power of the channel over a specified number of data acquisitions automatically compensating for resolution bandwidth and noise bandwidth If Total Pwr Ref is selected as the measurement type the results are displayed as relative power in dBc and as absolute power in dBm If PSD Ref Power Spectral Density Reference is selected the results are displayed as relative power in dB and as absolute power in dBm Hz 218 Chapter 6 Concepts Channel Power Measurement Concepts Channel Power Measurement Concepts Purpose The Channel Power measurement is a common test used in the wireless industry to measure the total transmitted power of a radio within a defined frequency channel This procedure measures the total power within the defined channel This measurement is applied to design characterize evaluate and verify transmitters and their components or devices for base stations and mobile stations Measurement Method The Channel Power measurement reports the total transmitted power within the channel bandwidth 1 23000 MHz The measurement acquires a number of points representing the input signal in the time domain It transforms this information into the frequency domain using FFT and then calculates the channel power The effective resolution bandwidth of the frequency domain trace is proportional to the number of points acquired for FFT The fastest FFT p
161. isplayed with the bandwidth marker lines in the graph window The corresponding measured data in the text window is the total integration power levels in dBc and dBm within the defined bandwidth as shown in the figure below ACP Measurement Spectrum View se Agilent 07 26 99 09 53 21 Basic GHz 5 88 dBm 1 23 MHz Lower If desired select a Meas Type setting Depending on the Meas Type setting one of the two following displays is obtained Spectrum Total Pwr Ref A spectrum display referenced to the total power Spectrum PSD Ref A spectrum display referenced to the mean power spectral density of the carrier in dBm Hz You can improve the update speed of the displayed data values by turning off the spectrum trace in Meas Setup If Sweep Type is set to Swp the swept frequency ACPR is displayed as shown below and only Spectrum is available for View Trace While in this view you can change the vertical scale by pressing the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key Troubleshooting Hints The adjacent channel power ratio measurement can reveal degraded or 128 Chapter 4 NOTE Making Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements defective parts in the transmitter section of the UUT The following examples are some areas which can contribute to poor ACPR DC power supply control of the transmitter power amplifier RF power control of the pre power amplifier stage and or I Q control of the baseband stage
162. ither the A internal floppy disk drive or the internal C drive flash memory Level 1 shows key choices available when the front panel key is pressed Level 2 shows key choices available when Print To is set to File and Level 1 keys are pressed Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Print Setup Print To with File selected File Type GIF BMP WMF File Location A C Image Invert Normal HCOPy Dest z Print to Key FPanel Printer Printer Print the six screen files shown below are available only when HCOPy Dest is set to Printer screen xxx xxx depends on File Type Screen2 xxx screen3 xxx screen4 xxx screen5 xxx screen6 xxx 70 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using File and Save Keys Using File and Save Keys The File and Save keys enable you to save instrument states to memory and to load instrument states into the instrument from memory For instructions on how to save a screen image to a floppy disc see Saving a Screen Image to a Floppy Disc on page 67 Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 File Load State numeric entry Enter Save State numeric entry Enter Save numeric entry Enter Loading a State 1 Press File Load State A label in the active function area will read Load State 2 Use the numeric keypad to enter the number of the register from which you desire to retrieve a state you can retrieve states from registers 0 t
163. itude between the selected marker and the next marker Function Off Selects the marker function to be Band Power Noise or Off The default is Off If set to Band Power you need to select Delta Trace Places the selected marker on RF Envelope for PSA Signal Envelope for E4406A or VQ Waveform Also for E4406A with Option 210 Chapter 5 NOTE Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys B7C you can place the marker on Linear Envelope Linear Phase Waveform or Q Waveform e Off Turns off the selected marker Shape Diamond Accesses the menu to define the selected marker shape to be Diamond Line Square or Cross The default shape is Diamond e Marker All Off Turns off all of the markers Peak Search Key Key Path Search The front panel Search key performs a peak search when pressed A marker will automatically be activated at the highest peak In the Waveform measurement the Mean Pwr Entire Trace value plus the Pk to Mean value will sum to equal the current Max Pt value as shown in the data window below the RF Envelope or Signal Envelope display If you do a marker peak search Search with averaging turned off the marker will find the same maximum point However if you turn averaging on the Pk to Mean value will use the highest peak found for any acquisition during averaging while the marker peak will look for the peak of the display which is the result of n averages This will usually resu
164. ker More 1 of 2 Marker Trace Custom Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type CW Input IF Align Signal Signal Type Data Packing Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Decimation Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 Define Custom Print Setup Print To Printer Delay Mode Setup Trigger Ext Front Delay Mode Setup Trigger Ext Rear Delay Mode Setup Trigger RF Burst Delay Mode Setup Trigger Video Delta Marker Diagnostics System More 1 of 3 Note Requires Password Display Front Panel Emulated GPIB Name System Config I O SICL Server Emulated GPIB System Config I O SICL Server Logical Unit Emulated GPIB System Config I O SICL Server Address Enter Front Panel ESC Front Panel Chapter 2 59 o E io o lt YN c 3 mn EU Ll 7 Y o A gt E 7 0 ru 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m Table 2 1 Using System Features Key Locations Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Exit Main Firmware System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3V Install Ext Front Mode Setup Trigger Ext Rear Mode Setup Trigger Fast ACP Mode ACP Meas Setup More 1 of 2 FFT Length Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Size Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum FFT Size Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature i
165. l Unit Emulated GPIB Name Emulated GPIB Logical Unit Emulated GPIB Address Ethernet Addr GPIB Address Shows the current GPIB address 18 is the default setting and allows you to change this value The new value is displayed in the active function area The GPIB port is always active P Address Changes the IP internet protocol address domain name and node host name for the instrument The IP address of Chapter 2 73 o E io o lt YN c 3 n lo EU Ll 7 Y o A El E 7 0 LL 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m Using System Features Using Input Output Configuration Keys 74 the instrument can be changed by entering a numeric address composed of numbers and decimal points Host Name Displays the host name of the instrument Pressing the key activates the alpha editor which enables you to change the host name However this will not change your LAN system representation of the host name You must work through your local system administrator to change the host name Changing it in the instrument only changes the displayed information it will not enable LAN access with the new name Subnet Mask Changes the subnet mask of the instrument The subnet mask is a 32 bit address mask used in IP networks to indicate the bits of an IP address that are used for the subnet address The default address is 255 255 0 0 for a class B network SCPI
166. label Each time the position integer is incremented the signal rate is halved For example at a position of 2 the signal rate is 117 188 kHz Signal Amptd key To modify the signal amplitude you will enter a DAC value between 0 4095 The amplitude range is 0 to 50 dB Incrementing the DAC value increases the amplitude of the signal in a linear fashion and will be visible on screen The default DAC value is 500 Signal Type key This menu allows you to select a CW a tone that appears in the center of the IF comb or pulse type signal as the IF align signal 88 Chapter 3 Setting the Mode Mode Setup Trigger Keys The Trigger key accesses the mode setup menu for the following trigger sources See Trigger Source on page 96 for a description of trigger sources including RF Burst Wideband Video IF Envlp e Ext Front Spo eui Bumes e Ext Rear Pressing one of the trigger source keys will access the mode setup menu This menu is used to set the Delay Level and Slope for each trigger source Note that the actual trigger source is selected separately for each measurement under the Meas Setup key Delay key This key is used to set the delay time for trigger sources For trigger delay use positive values For pre trigger delay use negative values The range of the trigger delay is 500 ms to 500 ms Level key For the RF Burst Wideband selection the level is relative to the peak level of the RF sig
167. lated GPIB Address Shows you the emulated GPIB Chapter 2 Using System Features Using Input Output Configuration Keys address assigned to your transmitter tester when it is a SICL server This address is set using the GPIB Address key Ethernet Addr Shows the Ethernet address This is an information only feature that can not be modified by the user NOTE For more information about these and other remote programming features refer to the programmer s guide for your transmitter tester File System Press System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 to access the File System key The label of the File System key shows the current amount of Used memory and Free memory in units of megabyte MB Reference Press the Reference menu key to activate a menu which allows you to select an external reference or to deactivate a 10 MHz out signal on the rear panel FrontPanel Level 1 Level 2 Toggle Entry Key System Reference Freq Ref Int Ext When toggled to Ext enter any value between 1 and 30 MHz 10 MHz Out Off On Freq Ref Allows you to select an external or an internal the default reference When toggled to Ext external you will set the external reference frequency by entering a value between 1 and 30 MHz When the instrument is locked to an external reference a green Ext Ref indicator will appear in the annunciator bar NOTE External reference values are persistent This means that
168. lected measurement only to the factory defaults e Advanced Allows you to access the following menu to modify the channel power measurement parameters Parameters under the Advanced key seldom need to be changed Any changes from the factory default values may result in invalid measurement data Sweep Time Allows you to manually change the sweep time and also to toggle the sweep time control between Auto and Man manual The range is 1 0 us to 50 00 ms with 1 us resolution If set to Auto the sweep time derived from the data point setting is shown on this key regardless of the manual entry range Data Points Allows you to select the number of data points and also to toggle the data point control between Auto and Man manual The range is 64 to 65536 with the acceptable entry in powers of 2 for example 64 128 512 If set to Auto the optimum number of points is determined for the fastest measurement time with acceptable repeatability The minimum number of points that could be used is determined by the sweep time and the sampling rate You can increase the length of the measured time record capture more of the burst by increasing the number of points but the measurement will take longer Res BW Shows information on the resolution bandwidth derived from the sweep time This key is always grayed out Trig Source Allows you to choose a trigger source from Free Run Immediate Video Envip RF Burst Wide
169. ll as the inputs themselves Probes customer provided must be used to input balanced baseband I Q signals This may be referred to as a balanced measurement Balanced baseband measurements are made using the I and I connectors for I only signal measurements while the Q and Q connectors are used for a Q only signal measurement Balanced 224 Chapter 6 Concepts Baseband I Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts measurements of I Q require differential probe connections to all four input connectors For details of probe selection and use refer to Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements on page 225 What are Baseband I Q Signals In transmitters the term baseband I Q refers to signals that are the fundamental products of individual I Q modulators before the I and Q component signals are combined and before up conversion to IF or RF frequencies In receivers baseband I Q analysis may be used to test the I and Q products of I Q demodulators after an RF signal has been down converted and demodulated Why Make Measurements at Baseband Baseband I Q measurements are a valuable means of making qualitative analyses of the following operating characteristics Q signal layer access for performing format specific demodulation measurements e g CDMA GSM W CDMA Modulation accuracy i e I Q plane metrics rho error vector magnitude rms peak or 95 carrier feed through frequency error
170. lope view linear envelope window 208 phase window 209 linear envelope window 207 amplitude Y scale 208 reference position 208 reference value 208 scale coupling 209 Index scale per division 208 linear spectrum window amplitude Y scale reference position 193 reference value 193 scale coupling 193 scale per division 193 span 159 192 Load State key 71 loading an application personality 38 local placing instrument in 80 M major functional keys 156 making basic measurements 92 Marker key 98 Marker menu Band Pwr key 99 Delta key 99 Function key 99 Noise key 99 Select key 99 Shape key 99 Max Total Pwr key 88 meas BW key power stat CCDF measurement 212 Meas Control key 94 meas interval key power stat CCDF measurement 212 Measure menu key 94 measure setup restore measurement defaults 172 177 182 198 measurement channel power 176 219 power statistics CCDF 220 measurement bar 35 measurement control measure 161 pause 161 restart 161 measurement modes available 78 measurement reference type spectral power density reference 171 total power reference 171 measurement selection spectrum frequency domain 160 waveform time domain 160 161 measurement setup advanced menu 177 averaging mode 168 176 180 196 exponential 168 176 180 196 averaging number 168 176 180 196 averaging type 181 197 log power average video 181 197 maximum voltage ave
171. lt in differing values for the maximum point CANEICICA Aoy Chapter 5 211 Key Reference Power Stat CCDF Keys Power Stat CCDF Keys NOTE You must have selected Power Stat CCDF under the MEASURE menu to access these menus Meas Setup Key Menu Key Path Meas Setup Meas BW Allows you to set the measurement bandwidth according to the channel bandwidth Counts Allows you to set the accumulated number of sampling points for data acquisition The range is 1 000 kpt killo points to 2 00000 Gpt Giga points with 1 kpt resolution While this key is activated enter a value from the numeric keypad and terminate with one of the unit keys shown Meas Interval Sets the number of data points that will be used as the measurement interval e Wideband Setup Allows you to configure the wideband hardware path Wideband IF Gain Sets the gain for the wideband IF path in 2 dB steps from 12 to 12 dB Increasing the gain can increase the amplitude of small signals as long as you don t overdrive the hardware Wideband gain should usually be adjusted after setting the input attenuation Wideband Filtering Accesses the keys to configure the optional channel filter The default is no filtering Q O c o o o oc gt oO x 1 Filter Type Selects None for no filtering or Raised Cosine RRC root raised cosine Nyquist Root Nyquist or Gaussian 1 Filter Alpha Specifies the channel filter
172. m display selected It sets the reference value ranging from 1 00 to 10 0 s The default setting is 0 00 s However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement results When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off RefPosition Only available in the Spectrum measurement with the IQ Waveform display selected It sets the reference position to either Left Ctr center or Right The default setting is Left Scale Coupling Only available in the Spectrum measurement with the IQ Waveform display selected It toggles the scale coupling Chapter 5 159 CANCINO Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Key Reference Front Panel Keys function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu this function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Menu Key Path AMPLITUDE Y Scale The AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the menu to set the desired vertical scale and associated settings Scale Div Allows you to enter a numeric value to change the vertical display sensitivity The range is 0 10 to 20 00 dB with 0 01 dB resolution The default setting is 10 00 dB However s
173. me Domain 2 O Y Scale Div 7 50 mV 1 0 Waveform kHz Gaussian Chapter 5 205 ESTE ESTE Aoy Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Figure 5 13 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Q Polar for E4406A Provides a view of the I Q signal in a polar vector graph Waveform Measurement 1 Q Polar View X Agilent 08 20 01 11 12 00 Basic AA AAA AA Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Haveform Time Domain n a IZQ Scale Div 5 00 mV 1 0 Polar I Origin 0 00 Y Meas Setup View Trace I Q Polar View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel Trace Display Press this key to access the trace selection menu The currently selected trace type is shown on the Trace Display key All Views both the current trace and the average trace Average Views only the average trace in blue color See the Meas Setup Average keys to select different types of averaging Current Views only the trace in yellow color for the latest data acquisition Trace for E4406A Views only the I signal trace Q Trace for E4406A Views only the Q signal trace SPAN X Scale Key Menu Key Path Span X Scale NOTE The SPAN X Scale key accesses the menu to modify the horizontal parameters common to the scaled windows for this measurement Use the Sweep Time key under the Meas Setup menu to control the 206 Chapter 5 Key Reference
174. mplifier stage and or I Q control of the baseband stage Gain and output power levels of the power amplifier caused by degraded gain control and or increased distortion Amplifier linearity 132 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements This section explains how to make a power statistics CCDF measurement on a cellular mobile station Power Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF curves characterize the higher level power statistics of a digitally modulated signal Configuring the Measurement System The mobile station MS under test has to be set to transmit the RF power remotely through the system controller This transmitting signal is connected to the instruments RF input port Connect the equipment S as shown Ej lo E Figure 4 36 Power Statistics CCDF Measurement System s c SIGNAL GENERATOR CONTROLLER S 1 5 a oooooo000 oo oo oo 0000 Oooo DDDDH 00007 10 MHz OUT RF OUTPUT Frequency Reference EXT REF IN Serial Bus RF INPUT PSA OR E4406A ba86a 1 Using the appropriate cables adapters and circulator connect the output signal of the MS to the RF input of the instrument 2 Connect the base transmission station simulator or signal generator to the MS through a circulator to initiate a link constructed with sync and pilot channels if required 3 Connect a BNC cable between
175. n a normal condition in which all means for protection are in tact only To prevent electrical shock disconnect the E4406A from mains before cleaning Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts Do not attempt to clean internally Explanation of Safety Symbols that are on the Instrument The following list describes all safety symbols that are on the front and rear panels of the transmitter tester The instruction documentation symbol The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the documentation This symbol is used to mark the ON position of the power line switch This symbol is used to mark the OFF position of the power line switch This symbol is used to mark the STANDBY position of the power line switch This symbol indicates that the input power required is AC This symbol is used to mark the STANDBY OFF position of the power line switch This symbol is used to mark the On position of the power line switch 52 Chapter 1 Getting Started Safety Considerations Safety Considerations for Service Personnel NOTE No one other than qualified service personnel are allowed to remove the cover of the instrument The following warnings apply to service personnel These warnings are found on the rear panel of the instrument A To Remove Outer Cover Remove Strap Handle 4 Bottom Feet and 4 Rear Feet To Remove CPU
176. n the annunciator bar just above the data window Solution 1 The red Ext Ref message indicates that the external reference is not locked The external reference can be any frequency between 1 and 30 MHz If you have connected an external reference you must enter it s frequency into the instrument The value you entered must correspond to the external reference that is in use or it will generate the error Note that the value entered for the external reference frequency will persist even after the instrument has been powered off and then on A green Ext Ref message indicates that the instrument is using an external reference and it is properly locked Solution 2 If you want to use the internal reference signal toggle the Freq Ref key to the Int internal setting LAN External Loopback Test Failed Error Message Symptom During booting the instrument you see a message which reads LAN external loopback test failed Solution This message indicates that no LAN cable is connected to the instrument You can ignore this message if you don t want to use the LAN Instrument Fails Alignment Error Message Symptom An error message indicates that the instrument has failed alignment This message appears either at power on during the self alignment or when the Align All Now key is pressed Solution These alignments will fail if an external 50 MHz signal at a power level greater than 0 dB is connected to the RF input of the transmitt
177. n transporting the instrument use the original packaging or comparable packaging Why Aren All the Personality Options Loaded in Memory Many measurement personality options are available for use with this instrument If the option is loaded in the instrument you must also have a license key entered to use it Some versions of instrument hardware my not have enough memory to accommodate all the options that you have ordered If this is the case you will need to swap the applications in out of memory as needed Tt may also be possible to upgrade your hardware to have more memory Contact your local sales service office 18 Chapter 1 Getting Started What Documentation Comes with the E4406A VSA Series Transmitter Tester URL for the Latest VSA Transmitter Tester Update For the latest information about this instrument including firmware upgrades application information and product information please visit the following URL http www agilent com find vsa Understanding Digital Communications Measurements Additional measurement application information is available through your local Agilent Technologies sales and service office See the If You Have a Problem chapter for office location information Some available application notes are listed below TT Agilent Part Description Number Digital Modulation in Communications Systems 5965 7160E An Introduction Application Note 1298
178. nal for the RF Burst trigger you will enter a peak level value with a key labelled Peak Level rather than Level For the Video selection the level is the value in dBm at the RF input that will cause the trigger For the Ext Front and Ext Rear selections the level range is 5 to 5 volts Slope key This key allows you to trigger off of the positive going edge Pos or the negative going edge Neg of the trigger source signal Other keys accessed under the Trigger key Trig Holdoff key Sets the period of time before the next trigger can occur Auto Trig key Acts as a trigger timeout If no trigger occurs by the specified time a trigger is automatically generated When set to On the instrument will take data when it receives a signal from the current trigger source if no signal is received in the expected time period the time period will default to the Free Run trigger default time period When set to Off the default setting data will only be taken if a trigger has been set and the Free Run trigger will not be automatically activated Chapter 3 89 Setting the Mode Mode Setup Frame Timer key The frame timer feature uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal Period key Sets the period of the frame clock Values between 33 ns and 559 ms can be entered xo o S 2 E E 72 Offset key Allows entry of offset values between 33 ns and 10 s Reset Offset
179. nbalanced Probe Type Description Unbalanced 1144A 800 MHz Active Probe single ended 54701A 2 5 GHz Active Probebcd 1145A 750 MHz 2 Channel Active Probe bc 85024A High Frequency ProbeP 41800A Active Probe 10020A Resistive Divider Probe 54006A 6 GHz Passive Divider Probe Balanced 1141A 200 MHz Active Differential Probe bc differential N1025A 1 GHz Active Differential Probe a Not compatible with 3 wire power interface Needs 1142A power supply For two channels you will need either two 1142A power supplies or one 1142A power supply and one 01144 61604 1 input two output adapter cable b Two probes needed to cover both I and Q inputs c Output connector is BNC type d Not compatible with 3 wire power interface Requires use of 1143A power supply that can power two 54701A probes e 85024A bandwidth is 300 kHz to 3 GHz Output connector is N type Power is 3 wire connector 15 V 12 6 V ground f 41800A bandwidth is 5 Hz to 500 MHz Output connector is N type Power is 3 wire connector 15 V 12 6 V ground g 54006A output connector is 3 5 mm h 3 5 mm output connector requires 15 V supply Refer to the current Agilent data sheet for each probe for specific information regarding frequency of operation and power supply requirements The E4406A Transmitter Tester provides one three wire probe power connector on the front panel Typically it can energize one probe If you plan
180. nel Power Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition View Trace Spectrum Trace Avg Number Avg Mode Ref Channel Chan Integ BW Avg Type Ref Chan Adv Sweep Time Data Points Res BW Num FFT Seg Offset Limits Offset Offset Freq Offset Side Ref BW Avg Type Limit Setup Abs Limit Fail Rel Lim Car Rel Lim PSD Offset Adv Sweep Time Data Points Res BW Num FFT Seg Relative Atten Meas Type Trig Source Fast ACP Bar Graph Total Pwr Ref On 20 On Repeat 1 23000 MHz Pwr Avg RMS 546 1 us Auto 2048 Auto 1 620 kHz grayed out 1 Auto A A 750 000 kHz On B 1 98000 MHz On Both 30 000 kHz Pwr Avg RMS 0 00 dBm Relative A 45 00 dBc B 60 00 dBc A 28 87 dB B 43 87 dB 11 20 ms Auto 1024 Auto 79 0 Hz grayed out 1 Auto 0 00 dB Total Pwr Ref Free Run Immediate Off 172 Chapter 5 Table 5 1 Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys Adjacent Channel Power Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Limit Test On Chapter 5 173 aouasaj0y Aoy Q Oo c 7 o o tc gt oO x Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys View Trace Key Menu Key Path View Trace The View Trace key accesses the menu to select either Bar Graph or Spectrum for the measurement result depending on the Sweep Type setting
181. ng 1 Maximum Captures peak voltage data Simulates the traditional spectrum analyzer peak hold function J Minimum Captures the minimum voltage data similar to the maximum function If triggering is set incorrectly averaged signal results can approach nil HW Average is displayed when averaging is ON If your measurement results vary or provide unexpected values try turning Averaging OFF and execute single non averaged measurements to check your triggering setup Press Meas Control Measure Single to make non continuous measurements Trig Source Key path Meas Setup Trig Source Changing the selection in the Trig Source menu alters the trigger source for the selected measurement only Free Run Immediate A trigger occurs at the time the data is requested completely asynchronous with the RF or IF signal Video Envlp An internal IF envelope trigger that occurs at the absolute threshold level of the IF signal level RF Burst Wideband An internal wideband RF burst trigger that has the automatic level control for burst signals It triggers at the level that is set relative to the peak RF signal 12 MHz bandwidth input level Ext Front Activates the front panel external trigger input EXT TRIGGER INPUT port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Chapter 5 197 ESTE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Ext
182. nging settings or measurements For E4406A an I Q Polar display is also available to view the I and Q waveforms in a polar plot This display shows the instantaneous relationship between the I and Q waveform voltages The waveform measurement can be used to perform general purpose power measurements in the time domain with excellent accuracy Measurement Method The instrument makes repeated power measurements at a set frequency similar to the way a swept tuned spectrum analyzer makes zero span measurements The input analog signal is converted to a digital signal which then is processed into a representation of a waveform measurement The measurement relies on a high rate of sampling to create an accurate representation of a time domain signal For E4406A with Option B7C this measurement is available for use with both the RF input and baseband I Q inputs For details on Baseband I Q operation see the section on Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs Chapter 6 223 s da9u09 7 E a c fe iS Concepts Baseband l Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts Baseband I Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts The E4406A VSA Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs provides the ability to analyze baseband I Q signal characteristics of mobile and base station transmitters This option may be used only in conjunction with the following personalities Basic mode available in all VSA Series Transmitter Testers
183. ns that Agilent offers a wide range of additional expert test and measurement services which you can purchase according to your unique technical business needs Solve problems efficiently and gain a competitive edge by contracting with us for calibration extra cost upgrades out of warranty repairs and on site education and training as well as design system integration project management and other professional engineering services Experienced Agilent engineers and technicians worldwide can help you maximize your productivity optimize the return on investment of your Agilent instruments and systems and obtain dependable measurement accuracy for the life of those products By internet phone or fax get assistance with all your test amp measurement needs 238 Chapter 7 Table 7 1 Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support Services and Assistance Contacting Agilent Online assistance http www agilent com find assist United States tel 1 800 452 4844 Canada tel 1 877 894 4414 fax 905 282 6495 Japan New Zealand tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 Latin America Australia tel 305 269 7500 fax 305 269 7599 5947 tel 0 800 738 378 fax 64 4 495 8950 tel 1 800 629 485 fax 61 3 9210 If You Have a Problem Europe tel 31 20 547 2323 fax 31 20 547 2390 S c I D lt m v T e z D 3 Asia Call Center Numbers
184. nt Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 System Show System Service Password Model Serial Number Firmware Rev Host ID Next Page Prev Page Diagnostics The display lists all the measurement options modes available at the time the firmware was installed or upgraded It shows whether or not the code for each option is currently installed in memory It may not be 78 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys possible to fit all the options into your available memory Hardware information includes the name of boards along with part serial number and revision information The display also indicates whether you have the license key installed that gives you access to a particular option mode It is possible to have the license key installed but not have the program code or to have the program code with no license key Either situation will prevent the option from running Show System Displays Figure 2 1 Firmware and Option Information first page x Agilent 03 14 01 11 59 11 Basic IR Show System n EE A Service Spectrum Freq Domain Pass Password o E io o lt YN c 3 mn EU Ll 7 Chapter 2 79 Using System Features Using System Configuration and Alignment Keys Figure 2 2 Option and Hardware Information second page X Agilent 12 04 00 11 26 25 Basic T Shon System A _ _ _
185. nt Updates at www agilent com llle 231 7 If You Have a Problem Problem Symptoms and Solutions sscciin cra A 234 Key or Feature Does Not Appear in Menu o o ooooooooooco o 234 Frequency Unlock or External Reference Missing Error Messages 235 LAN External Loopback Test Failed Error Message 000 eee ee eens 235 Instrument Fails Alignment Error Message 0000s e eee eee nee 235 Measurement Keys Do Not Appear after Pressing the Mode Key 236 Instrument Power On Problema 6 204406 cere ER aec VeRO RICE ER eo ORC RR C 236 LAN Communication Problem ses er ke RR Rey aus UR Rd Re oe 236 Instrument Keyboard is Locked o ooooooooooooooonnorr e 236 Warranty Diformetioi iius ax gue A A de ge e e RR GR RE E RE ad eg 237 Agilent Technologies Test and Measurement Support Services and Assistance 238 Returning Your Instrument to Agilent Technologies o ooooooooooo ooo 239 Contents Ey z D e S O e 3 D 5 Dd a 8 Menu Maps Basie Measurement Key Blow osc owes now sew AR Ed eS EOE OWES EEA VE RESS 242 Contents S1u9 1UOJ JO a3 qeL 10 List of Commands nn Pa T 75 SEMA Ape a biu diea Pad cie EUR Eel ub DE ee 148 DD DRZ Ro A E Hes deua MI en ee PT E mM MEM a 87 BUT VO Leu ce rtr errat done is et etia eb a Rb DP EE Ret gu cai Pride bees D Gern ad ed camiseta ene 94 AUS igi Re iu e C THE 82 A TT A
186. ntal scales by changing a value per division The range is 1 00 nV to 20 00 V per division The default setting is 100 0 mV lor Q Origin Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V CANCINO Chapter 5 207 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Menu Key Path AMPLITUDE Y Scale NOTE Ifthe RF Envelope for PSA or Signal Envelope for E4406A window is active in the RF Envelope for PSA or Signal Envelope for E4406A view the AMPLITUDE Y Scale key accesses the following menu Scale Div Sets the vertical scale by changing an amplitude value per division The range is 0 10 to 20 00 dB per division with 0 01 dB resolution The default setting is 10 00 dB per division However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Value Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 dBm The default setting is 0 00 dBm However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Ref Position Sets the reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Top Scale Coupling Toggles the scale coupling function between On and Off The de
187. nter Yes No Orientation Only active for PCL5 language printers with PCL3 language default to portrait orientation Portrait Landscape Color Print Only active when Color Print is set to Yes see above On Off Prints Page 1 2 More 1 of 2 Reprint Only active after initial printing Eject Page Reset Printer More 2 of 2 68 Chapter 2 Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions Printing a Screen Image to a File on A or C Drives 1 Press Print Setup Print To Toggle the Print To key to select File 2 Press the File Type key then select between gif bmp and wmf formats 3 To print a file to the floppy drive toggle the File Location key to A and insert a 3 5 HD floppy disc formatted for MS DOS into the front panel disk drive To print a file to the internal flash memory toggle the File Location key to C 4 Select the Image format to be stored on the disk Use Normal to store an image that is identical to the currently displayed image with a black background Use Invert which provides a a light background with a dark trace to minimize ink and toner consumption 5 Press HCOPy Dest then select Printer This enables you to generate up to six files containing screen images Note if HCOPy Dest is set to FPanel only one file can be saved to memory or a floppy disk Any subsequent screen files will overwrite the file curren
188. o 19 then press the Enter key Saving a State 1 Press File Save State or press the front panel Save key An active function labeled Save State will appear 2 Use the numeric keypad to enter the desired state number you can enter values from 0 to 19 then press the Enter key o E io o lt YN c O 3 E lo EU Ll 7 Chapter 2 71 Using System Features Using File and Save Keys Using the Alpha Editor Keys The alpha editor enables you to enter text All text entries are displayed in the active function area Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Example ABCDEFG abcdefg Or V HIJKLMN hijklmn aM w OPQRSTU opqrstu lt gt X VWXYZ VWXyZ IAG 0 Y Done Done OH 8 Z Space Space Space More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 More 3 of 3 1 Pressing a key that requires you to enter a string gives you access to the alpha editor Choose Option License Key and Host Name are some of those keys When one of these keys is pressed you will see the menu which is shown in level 1 of the table above 2 To enter an upper case letter press the key which contains the letter you wish to select In the example table above pressing VWXYZ lets you select the key labelled upper case Y The Y will then appear in the active function area Press More 1 of 3 to access the lower case letters and More 2 of 3 to access mathematical symbols and punctuation marks 3 To enter a digit
189. o not require external connections See Using Input Output Configuration Keys on page 73 for more detail View keys modify the format of the trace and numeric data on the display See View Trace Key on page 96 for more detail View Trace accesses menu keys that control the way results are viewed Display accesses menu keys that change the display Functions such as limit mask on off and dots on off are available for some measurements The Measure keys are used to select and set up a specific measurement within the selected application See Preparing for Measurements on page 94 for more detail MEASURE accesses menu keys that select and initiate the various measurements that are specific to the current mode Meas Setup accesses the setup parameters that are specific to the current measurement Restart causes the measurement that is currently in process to stop then start again at the beginning 27 o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O a o o gt P 2 o c z 7 o Getting Started Front Panel Description according to the current measurement setup parameters Meas Control accesses menu keys that affect the measurement after it has been setup for example selecting a single or continuous measurement 6 Mode keys select the measurement mode and mode parameters See Mode Setup on page 87 for more detail MODE accesses menu keys to select the instrument mode Each mode
190. of measurement For operations involving selection of a unit of measurement for example dB dBm Hz s degrees radians the Units menu key menu explained below is used to terminate numeric entries le 2 Ej o 0 4 E zl O Qa Units menu keys are used to enter units of measurement If the value you are entering is in units of measurement the units menu key menu will automatically appear once you enter a digit After entering the desired numeric value you terminate the entry by pressing the appropriate units of measurement menu key Numeric keys enter numeric values as indicated on the keys In addition decimal and positive and negative sign keys are available for your use The Step keys these are the up and down arrow keys change numeric values in increments of the 29 o o gt P 2 o c gt 7 o Getting Started Front Panel Description current step size The Backspace key moves the cursor backwards one space and erases the character in that space You can use the Backspace key to backspace characters in the active function area The RPG Knob changes numeric values in increments of the current knob resolution 12 Floppy Disk Drive The floppy disk drive accepts 1 44 megabyte disks For an explanation of the operation of the floppy disc drive see Using Print and Print Setup Functions on page 67 13 Menu keys Menu keys either activate a feature or acces
191. ol 12 et a 4 AAA AAA AAA A A 94 ita a AA d p ERR DEES cR and dea we pedo sd bak SER dox 94 Crane the VIBU e ue pes A REO Rb ee e doe oce aros 96 HII DII pe ETE 98 Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements lesen 101 Configuring the Measurement System cc ck aka kp ERR REA EE REOR RE ORE oa 101 Setums The BIS sod depre ER Ro Ado RC E RR RARA EE ee 101 Measurement Procedur rn A A A ee eek kee ee AA 102 Waveform Time Domain Measurements 00 0c ccc eee tenes 112 Configuring the Measurement System 0 ccc eee eee teens 112 Seblune the BUS 12a 2d cpm REESE do deere dese aedeesede chee ed eee eda 113 Measurement Proced ra A ee HEEL ewe eed Lek EROR eons 113 Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements lees 125 Configuring the Measurement System nunnu ccc cee eee ee nnes 125 uua s PME taee bdeee EEE E T EE A EEE es 125 Maasurement Probedure A Re E EUER ROROR Owen Re 126 Troubleshooting Hints 12223 essa E oaks a gees ER RE Ru RE Gee ees 128 Channel Power Measurements ocooocsrrmrsrrrrarrra nora rr EET EA 130 Configuring the Measurement SysteM oooooooooooror eee 130 potins 1 5 INO MIS ido aco Y daos E dd cito cro a dl Fac n d ER RU ORE ON ER O 131 Messurement Procedure s cuz des ra RS Eos NERIS EYXGQA DEP RS Gn MX RE Rea E 131 Treublesh ntbm HOLE s usaba oae OL ie E ao E RE Rod qo ab aoa 132 Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements lees 133 Configuring the Measurement System
192. ory to Load All Your Personality Options If you do not have memory limitations then you can skip ahead to the next section Loading an Optional Measurement Personality on page 41 If after installing your options you get error messages relating to memory issues you can return to this section to learn more about how to optimize your configuration If you have 64 MBytes of memory installed in your instrument you should have enough memory to install at least four optional personalities with plenty of memory for data and states The optional measurement personalities require different amounts of memory So the number of personalities that you can load varies This is also impacted by how much data you need to save If you are having memory errors you must swap the applications in or out of memory as needed If you only have 48 MBytes of memory you can upgrade your 38 Chapter 1 Getting Started Installing Optional Measurement Personalities hardware to 64 MBytes To see the size of your installed memory for E4406A Transmitter Testers 1 Press the System key MORE 1 of 3 and MORE 2 of 3 keys 2 Read the File System Key The total of the entries for Used and Free memory will total the installed flash memory either 48 or 64 MBytes If you have 48 MBytes of memory and you want to install more than 3 optional personalities you may need to manage your memory resources The following section How to Predict Your Memory
193. ow Avg Number Modifies the number of times the current measurement will be repeated with the results from the repeated measurements averaged Increased averages usually give more accurate results There will be an increase in the time taken to make a measurement if the number of averages is increased E zx E io O g 7 c E o 3 E 7 Avg Mode Selects between an Exp exponential or a Repeat mode of averaging This selection only affects the averaging after the number of N averages is reached set using Avg Number Normal linear averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached When Measure is set to Single data acquisitions are stopped when the number of averages is reached Therefore Avg Mode has no effect on single measurements Exponential averaging When Measure is set at Cont continuous data acquisitions will continue indefinitely After N averages exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N the displayed average count stops at N Exponential averaging weights new data more than old data which facilitates tracking of slow changing signals The value of N is set through use of the Average key or the Avg Bursts key Repeat averaging When Measure is set at Cont data acquisitions will continue indefinitely After N averages is reached all previous result data is cleared and the average count is set back to 1 This is equivalent to pressing Measure
194. p key accesses 1 the Input key menu of features including selecting inputs changing input attenuation and modifying IF align settings and 2 the Trigger key menu which lets you to choose trigger setup states for the instrument Input Keys By pressing the Input key you access menus that select an input port adjust input attenuation and adjust the IF align signal Activate an Input Port and Adjust Input Power Input Port key The Input Port menu key accesses a menu which allows you to select one of the following input keys RF 50 MHz Ref and IF Align These keys are explained below RF key Use the RF key to reactivate the RF input after a different input has been activated This is a 50 Q connector 50 MHz Ref key Selects the internal 50 MHz CW reference signal The displayed signal amplitude will be 25 dBm IF Align key The IF align signal is an internal calibration signal used during the auto align process Chapter 3 87 Spo eui Bumes xo o S 2 E E 72 NOTE NOTE Setting the Mode Mode Setup Adjust Input Attenuation and Input Power Max Total Pwr key The Max Total Pwr key can be activated only when Input Port is set to RF Max Total Pwr allows you to enter maximum power levels 15 dBm is the default value for the RF input The maximum total power setting is coupled to the input attenuation setting VQ Input Z key The I Q Input Z key can be activa
195. peration the maximum span is 80 MHz For PSA Option 140 wideband operation the maximum span is 40 MHz Res BW Sets the resolution bandwidth for the FFT and to toggle its mode between Auto and Man manual If set to Auto the resolution bandwidth is set to Span 50 2 of the span If set to Man you can enter a value ranging from 100 0 mHz to 3 00000 MHz A narrower bandwidth will result in a longer data acquisition time Average Avg Number Changes the number of N averages Avg Mode Toggles the averaging mode between Exp exponential and Repeat This selection only effects on the averaging result after the number of N averages is reached The N is set using the Avg Number key Normal averaging Normal linear averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached When the Measure key under Meas Control is set to Single data acquisition is stopped when the number of N averages is reached thus Avg Mode has no effect in the single measurement mode Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Exponential averaging When Measure is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely Exponential averaging is used with a weighting factor of N the displayed count of averages stops at N Exponential averaging weights new data more heavily than old data which allows tracking of slow changing signals The weighting factor N is set using the Avg Number key Repeat averaging When Measu
196. ppear after Pressing the Mode Key on page 236 Instrument Power On Problem on page 236 LAN Communication Problem on page 236 Instrument Keyboard is Locked on page 236 Key or Feature Does Not Appear in Menu Symptom You are unable to locate a key for a feature you want to use in a particular measurement Solution 1 Many features are available only for making specific measurements and do not apply to other measurements Verify that the feature you are seeking is available for that particular measurement by examining the key access table on page 57 Notes in the key access path column indicate whether a feature can only be used with a particular measurement You can also review the section which documents the measurement you are using and indicates which features apply to that measurement Solution 2 Some features are only available when using a specific mode Review the section describing the mode to verify that a feature is available Solution 3 Some features of the transmitter tester are not yet available and will be implemented with a future firmware release For an update on the status of firmware upgrades you can check the following URL http www agilent com find vsa 234 Chapter 7 If You Have a Problem Problem Symptoms and Solutions Frequency Unlock or External Reference Missing Error Messages Symptom A frequency unlock error message or an external reference missing error message appears i
197. present at the even second input rear panel Trigger In and the measurement is using it as the demodulation sync type The red ESec annunciator indicates that an external even second clock has been selected as the sync type but a sync signal is not present at the even second input rear panel Trigger In In this case the error message Even Second Clock Missing will appear in the Status Info bar at the bottom of the display The even second clock detection is updated every 2 seconds Klock keyboard lock The keyboard can be locked remotely using SYSTem KLOck The Klock annunciator will appear in white text when the keyboard has been locked System Bar Time and Date Personality Mode Indicator Graph Window Title Averaging Indicator Remote Status Indicator The remote status indicator contains four letters R L T and S The current status is indicated by the letters that are highlighted R indicates that the instrument is in remote mode L indicates a listen state T indicates a talk state S indicates a service request le 2 Ej o 0 4 E n O Q Pass Fail Status Indicator Menu Title Menu keys A menu key that is currently active is highlighted Greyed out menu keys are unavailable and may require a password for use Span annotation Status Info Bar The current error message which has the highest priority will appear in the Status Info Bar A
198. printers which always default to portrait orientation 7 Toggle Color Print On Off to enable or disable color printing once the Color Printer key see above is set to Yes 8 Toggle Prints Page 1 or 2 to select to print either one image in portrait orientation covering half a page or two images in portrait orientation each covering half the page 9 Press the Print key A copy of the current display screen will be sent to the printer according to the parameters set above 10 If you want to reprint the most recently printed page press Reprint 11 If you want to eject a page from a compatible printer toggle More 1 of 2 then Eject Page 12 If a printer failure occurs for example if the printer hangs up press Reset Printer It may also be necessary to cycle printer power o E io o lt 77 c 3 E lo EU Ll E 7 Chapter 2 67 Y o A gt E 7 0 ru 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions The following table illustrates the Print Setup menu Level 1 shows key choices available when the front panel key is pressed Level 2 shows key choices available when Print To is set to Printer and Level 1 keys are pressed Front Panel Key Level 1 Level 2 Print Setup Print To with Printer selected Printer Type None Custom Define Custom Language PCL3 PCL5 Color Pri
199. ps every 9rd sample throwing away the 2 in between IF Flatness Toggles the IF flatness function between On and Off If set to On the default the IF flatness feature causes background amplitude corrections to be performed on the FFT spectrum The Off setting is used for adjustment and troubleshooting of the test instrument Q Oo c 7 o Q tc gt oO x The following table shows the factory default settings for spectrum frequency domain measurements Table 5 3 Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Trace Display All Res BW 20 0000 kHz Auto 184 Chapter 5 Table 5 3 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Averaging Avg Number 25 On Avg Mode Exp Avg Type Log Pwr Avg Video Time Avg Num Opt 122 or 140 1 Trig Source Free Run Immediate Region Limits Region A Upper Mask A 40 00 dB On Lower Mask A 100 00 dB Off Offset Start A 667 0 us Offset Stop A 25 0 us Interval A 642 0 us IF Path requires Option B7J and Narrow Option 122 or 140 Wideband IF Gain Opt 122 or 0 00 dB 140 Wideband Filtering Opt 122 or 140 None Filter Type 0 30 Filter Alpha 0 50 Filter BW Spectrum View SPAN 1 000 MHz VSA 10 000 MHz PSA AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 10 00 dB I Q Waveform View Captu
200. r that occurs at the absolute threshold level of the IF signal level RF Burst Wideband An internal wideband RF burst trigger that has the automatic level control for burst signals It triggers at the level that is set relative to the peak RF signal 12 MHz bandwidth input level Ext Front Activates the front panel external trigger input EXT TRIGGER INPUT port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Ext Rear Activates the rear panel external trigger input TRIGGER IN port The external signal must be between 5 00 and 5 00 V with 1 or 10 mV resolution Frame Uses the internal frame clock to generate a trigger signal The clock parameters are controlled under the Mode Setup key or the measurement firmware but not both Refer to the specific measurement section for details Chapter 5 181 CANCINO Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Line Sets the trigger to the internal line mode Sweep triggers occur at intervals synchronous to the line frequency See the specific measurement section for details Restore Meas Defaults Presets only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement by pressing Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Restore Meas Defaults This will set the measure setup parameters for the currently selected measurement only to the factory defaults e Narrowband Advanced Accesses the menu to change the following pa
201. rage 181 197 minimum voltage average 181 197 power average rms 181 197 voltage average 181 197 channel power span 176 integration bandwidth 176 measurements basic 92 how to make 92 measuring in the time domain 123 menu keys greyed out keys 26 highlighted keys 26 menu map 22 Min Pts in RBW key 183 missing options 18 38 mode availability 78 basic 92 selecting 86 setup 87 Mouse Adapter typical 47 N Navigation keys 30 Next Window key 30 Noise key 99 Normal key 98 O on off switch 31 options available 78 loading deleting 38 options not in instrument memory 18 38 output configuration 73 P parallel connector 34 pc cables for RS 232 45 personality options not in instrument 18 38 personality selecting 86 phase window 207 amplitude Y scale 209 reference position 209 reference value 209 scale per division 209 power statistics CCDF band limited Gaussian noise CCDF reference line 221 combining the multiple signals 220 correlation between symbols on different codes 220 digital signal processing 221 Gaussian distribution curve 221 instantaneous envelope power 221 measurement method 221 modulation filtering 220 modulation format 220 number of active codes 220 power complementary cumulative distribution function curves 220 probability for that particular power level 221 purpose 220 Pre ADC BPF key spectrum measurement 182 Preamplifier Setting
202. rameters NOTE The advanced features should be used only if you are familiar with their operation Changes from the default values may result in invalid data The Narrowband key word is only present if you have Option B7J and either Option 122 or 140 installed Parameters that are under the Narrowband Advanced key only affect the standard narrow band IF path The wideband IF advanced functions are found under the Wideband Advanced key Pre ADC BPF Toggles the pre ADC bandpass filter function between On and Off The pre ADC bandpass filter is useful for rejecting nearby signals so that sensitivity within the span range can be improved by increasing the ADC range gain Pre FFT Fltr Toggles the pre FFT filter between Flat flat top and Gaussian The pre FFT filter defaults to a flat top filter which has better amplitude accuracy The Gaussian filter has better pulse response Pre FFT BW Toggles the pre FFT bandwidth function between Auto and Man manual The pre FFT bandwidth filter can be set between 1 Hz and 10 MHz If set to Auto this pre FFT bandwidth is nominally 50 wider than the span This bandwidth determines the ADC sampling rate Q O c o o o oc gt oO x FFT Window Accesses the following selection menu Unless you are familiar with FFT windows use the flat top filter the default filter 1 Flat Top Selects this filter for best amplitude accuracy by reducing scalloping e
203. rch when pressed A marker will automatically be activated at the highest peak aouasaj0y Aoy Chapter 5 195 Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Waveform Time Domain Keys NOTE You must have selected Waveform under the Key Path MEASURE menu to access these menus Measurement Setup Key Menu Key Path Meas Setup Sweep Time Specifies the measurement acquisition time which is used as the length of the time capture record The range is 1 0 us and 100 0 s depending upon the resolution bandwidth setting and the available internal memory size for acquisition points Res BW Sets the measurement bandwidth The range is 10 Hz to 8 MHz using the Gaussian filter selected from RBW Filter under the Advanced menu or 10 Hz to 10 MHz using the Flat top filter selected from RBW Filter A larger bandwidth results in a larger number of acquisition points and reduces the maximum value allowed for the sweep time Average Avg Number Changes the number of N averages Avg Mode Toggles the averaging mode between Exp exponential and Repeat This selection only effects on the averaging result after the number of N averages is reached The N is set using the Avg Number key Normal averaging Normal linear averaging is always used until the specified number of N averages is reached When the Measure key under Meas Control is set to Single data acquisition is stopped when the number of N averages is reached
204. re Time 188 00 us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV Spectrum Linear View for E4406A SPAN 1 00000 MHz AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Capture Time 188 00us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV 1 Q Polar View for E4406A I Q Scale Div 100 0 mV Tor Q Origin 0 00 V Narrowband Advanced Pre ADC BPF On Chapter 5 185 CANEICICA Aoy Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Table 5 3 Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Pre FFT Filter Flat Pre FFT BW 1 55000 MHz Auto FFT Window Flat Top High Amptd Acc FFT Size Length Control Auto Min Points RBW 3 100000 Window Length 706 VSA 566 PSA FFT Length 1024 ADC Range Auto Peak Data Packing Auto ADC Dither Auto Decimation 0 Auto IF Flatness On Wideband Advanced Option 122 or 140 PSA only ADC Correction On IF Flatness Corrections On Analog Filter Auto 80 MHz Opt 122 40 MHz Opt 140 8 WB ADC Dither On o E FFT Window Flat Top High Amptd Acc o FFT Size Length Control Auto Min Points RBW 3 100 Window Length 236 Opt 122 118 Opt 140 FFT Length 256 Opt 122 128 Opt 140 186 Chapter 5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys View Trace Key Menu The View Trace key allows you to select the desired view of the measurement from the following You can use the Next Window key
205. re also described including Trace View and Display showing the associated screens 155 aouasaj0y Aoy Key Reference Instrument Front Panel Highlights Instrument Front Panel Highlights The most commonly used function keys on the VSA and front panels are located as shown in the illustrations below The operation of the keys is briefly explained on the following page Refer to your User s Guide for complete details on all keys Figure 5 1 Selected E4406A VSA Series Front Panel Feature Locations CONTROL Y FREQUENCY Input MODE Channel Mode Setup SPAN View X Scale Trace AMPLITUDE Display Y Scale MEASURE Meas Setup Dl MEASURE 0 Restart Meas Control Q O c o o o oc gt oO x PP 1 J CONTROL C NU mao Io LJ 5 Es
206. re is set to Cont data acquisition will continue indefinitely After the number of N averages is reached all previous result data is cleared and the average count displayed is set back to 1 This is equivalent to 180 Chapter 5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys being in Measure Single and pressing the Restart key each time the single measurement finishes Asg Type Accesses the menu of the following average types only for making spectrum frequency domain and waveform time domain measurements 1 Pwr Avg RMS Executes the true power averaging which is calculated by averaging the rms voltage This is the most accurate type 1 Log Pwr Avg Video Simulates the traditional spectrum analyzer type of averaging by calculating the log of the power This type of averaging will underestimate the power when the signal is noise like L Voltage Avg Executes voltage averaging 1 Maximum Captures peak voltage data Simulates the traditional spectrum analyzer peak hold function 1 Minimum Captures the minimum voltage data similar to the maximum function Trig Source Key path Meas Setup Trig Source NOTE Changing the selection in the Trig Source menu alters the trigger source for the selected measurement only Free Run Immediate A trigger occurs at the time the data is requested completely asynchronous with the RF or IF signal Video Envip An internal IF envelope trigge
207. re not compatible with all settings and should not be used unless you are familiar with data packing methods Auto is the preferred choice 1 Auto The data packing value most appropriate for current instrument settings is selected automatically 1 Short 16 bit Select this to pack data every 16 bits 3 Medium 24 bit Select this to pack data every 24 bits 1 Long 32 bit Select this to pack data every 32 bits ADC Dither Toggles the ADC dither function between Auto On and Off When set to Auto the default the ADC dither function will be activated when a narrow bandwidth is being measured and deactivated when a wide bandwidth is being measured ADC dither refers to the introduction of noise to the digitized steps of the analog to digital converter the result is an improvement in amplitude accuracy Use of the ADC dither however reduces dynamic range by approximately 3 dB Decimation Toggles the decimation function between Auto and Man and to set the decimation value Auto is the preferred setting and the only setting that guarantees alias free FFT spectrum measurements If you are familiar with the decimation feature you can change the decimation value by setting to Man but be aware that aliasing can result in higher values Decimation numbers 1 to 1000 describe the factor by which the number of points are reduced The default setting is 0 which results in no data point reduction Decimation by 3 kee
208. rement Meas Type Allows you to access the menu to select one of the measurement reference types Total Pwr Ref Select this to set the total carrier power to the measurement reference level and the measured data is shown in dBc and dBm PSD Ref Select this to set the mean power spectral density of the carrier to the measurement reference level and the measured data is shown in dB and dBm Hz Fast ACP Allows you to increase the speed of the measurement A time domain computation method is used rather than an FFT transformation When this faster measurement method is selected repeatability is slightly reduced Spectrum Trace Turns off the spectrum trace data calculations This is only applicable when using the Spectrum View It speeds up the display of the other measured data values by not calculating the Spectrum trace Limit Test Turns on or off the limit test function Chapter 5 171 ESTE ESTET Aoy Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Table 5 1 Key Reference Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys Restore Meas Defaults Allows you to preset only the settings that are specific to the selected measurement by pressing Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Restore Meas Defaults This will set the measure setup parameters for the currently selected measurement only to the factory defaults The next table shows the factory default settings for adjacent channel power ratio measurements Adjacent Chan
209. rement Concepts 0 000 cece eee eens 218 Ladi gi ee RR AA AA RE ARR AA AAA ee TH EU a eee 218 Measurement Method aai iq qoed whee b oto Rada Rode x 218 Channel Power Measurement Concepts lesse 219 A 219 Measurement Method 4 65 0 55 655 4668 E xus E NA REOR ORES a A EES AA 219 Power Stat CCDF Measurement Concepts sees 220 lu PCT P 220 Measurement Method uiu dace cepe rks oe ok ee ke REX AOE ACORN ORCI AER 221 Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement ConceptS oo oooococooocooomooo o 222 o Ls be A Ve aun RAE W 3 3 Seed de dide d d UR OR 22A Measurement Method 00 0 0440488400 44000 RR CR RES dede Red EE 222 o surar ru dob Ed oC ROO ROG ae pe OC EORR C NER ANA CC E 223 Waveform Time Domain Measurement Concepts 0 00 c eee eee eee 223 A Gr wth eee hee OEE kee hk ee gol ERE ke he ban oars 223 Measurement Method criar cas x deen sei e AREE LR UR Rok Coe UE ER 223 Baseband I Q Inputs Option B7C Measurement Concepts 0 000 c eee eens 224 What are Baseband VQ Inputs 0 0 0 0 ccc eee ENEKE EEPE 224 What are Baseband VO Signals co carne hae eee be eee AA eRe eee ee 225 Why Make Measurements at Baseband 0 0 00 e ene eens 225 Selecting Input Probes for Baseband Measurements 0000 cee eee 225 Baseband I Q Measurement Views oooooocooocoro ooo oonors o oooo s 228 Other Sources of Measurement Information 0 0 0 0 cece eee oo 231 Instrume
210. results and the test limits AND Fail is shown if one of the relative ACP measurement results is larger than Rel Lim Car or Rel Lim PSD AND one of the absolute ACP measurement results is larger than Abs Limit OR Fail is shown if one of the relative ACP measurement results is larger than Rel Lim Car or Rel Lim PSD OR one of the absolute ACP measurement results is larger than Abs Limit Absolute Fail is shown if one of the absolute ACP measurement results is larger than Abs Limit Relative Fail is shown if one of the relative ACP measurement results is larger than Rel Lim Car or Rel PSD Q O c o o o oc gt oO x J Rel Lim Car Allows you to enter a relative limit value of the carrier level ranging from 150 00 to 450 00 dBc with 0 01 dB resolution The default is 45 00 dBc for Offset A and 60 00 dBc for Offset B 1 Rel Lim PSD Allows you to enter a relative limit value of the power spectral density level ranging from 150 00 to 450 00 dB with 0 01 dB resolution The default is 28 87 dB for Offset A and 43 87 dB for Offset B Offset Adv Allows you to access the menu to change the following advanced offset parameters 1 Sweep Time Allows you to toggle the sweep time function between Auto and Man manual and to set a value for the sweep time ranging from 1 0 ms to 50 000 ms if set to Man If set to Auto the offset channel measurement sweep time is 170 Chapter 5
211. rigin Sets the reference value ranging from 250 00 to 250 00 V The default setting is 0 00 V Display Key Menu The Display Key is not active for this measurement Marker Key Menu Q O c o o o oc gt oO x e Select 1234 Activates up to four markers with the corresponding numbers respectively The selected number is underlined and its function is defined by pressing the Function key The default is 1 Normal Activates the selected marker to read the frequency and amplitude of the marker position on the spectrum trace Marker position is controlled by the RPG knob Delta Reads the differences in frequency and amplitude between the selected marker and the next marker Function Off Selects marker function to be Band Power Noise or Off The default is Off If set to Band Power you need to select Delta Trace Spectrum Places the selected marker on the Spectrum Spectrum Avg Spectrum Linear for E4406A Spectrum Avg Linear for E4406A 1 Q Waveform I Waveform for E4406A or Q Waveform for 194 Chapter 5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys E4406A trace The default is Spectrum e Off Turns off the selected marker Shape Diamond Accesses the menu to define the selected marker shape to be Diamond Line Square or Cross The default shape is Diamond e Marker All Off Turns off all of the markers Peak Search Key The front panel Search key performs a peak sea
212. rocess is achieved using a number of acquired points that is a power of 2 for example 64 128 512 Since the measurement is optimized for speed and accuracy you are permitted to change only the number of acquired data points in powers of 2 not the actual resolution bandwidth which is shown in gray However if absolute sweep time is required it can be changed to the user s specific value at the expense of reduced speed At no time will both sweep time and data points be set to manual because of conflicting parameter settings This flexibility is available through the Advanced menu of the channel power measurement To improve repeatability you can increase either the number of averages or the number of data points with longer time record length The channel power graph is shown in the graph window while the absolute channel power in dBm and the mean power spectral density in dBm Hz are shown in the text window For E4406A Option B7C this measurement is available for use with either the RF input or baseband I Q inputs For detailed operation see the Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs section Chapter 6 219 s da9u09 7 E a c fe iS Concepts Power Stat CCDF Measurement Concepts Power Stat CCDF Measurement Concepts Purpose Many of the digitally modulated signals now look noise like in the time and frequency domain This means that statistical measurements of the signals can be a useful charac
213. rom 250 00 to 250 00 dBm with 0 01 dB resolution The default setting is 10 00 dBm However since the Scale Coupling default is On this value is automatically determined by the measurement result When you set a value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off e Ref Position Allows you to set the display reference position to either Top Ctr center or Bot bottom The default setting is Top Scale Coupling Allows you to toggle the scale coupling function between On and Off The default setting is On Upon pressing the Restart front panel key or Restart menu key under the Meas Control menu the scale coupling function automatically determines the scale per division and reference values based on the measurement results When you set a value to either Scale Div or Ref Value manually Scale Coupling automatically changes to Off Marker Key Menu The Marker key is not available for this measurement function aoualaj0y Aoy Chapter 5 179 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys NOTE You must have selected Spectrum under the MEASURE menu to access these menus Meas Setup Key Menu Key Path Meas Setup Span Modifies the frequency span The range is 10 Hz to 10 MHz with 1 Hz resolution depending on the Res BW setting Changing the span causes the resolution bandwidth to change automatically and will affect data acquisition time For PSA Option 122 wideband o
214. roubleshoot a measurement operation In addition having spectrum and waveform measurements available independently of personality modes provides extra flexibility To access the Basic mode press the Mode key and select the Basic menu key The following measurements are then available by pressing the Measure key Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements on page 101 Waveform Time Domain Measurements on page 112 Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements on page 125 Channel Power Measurements on page 130 Making Power Stat CCDF Measurements on page 133 Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs on page 136 Service Measurements on page 141 When you press the key to select the measurement it will become the active measurement using settings and a display unique to that measurement Data acquisitions will automatically begin provided trigger requirements if any are met 92 Chapter 4 Making Measurements The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements All measurements need to be set up in 3 steps first at the Mode level second at the Measurement level then finally the result display may be adjusted 1 Select and Set Up the Mode Press MODE All licensed installed Modes available are shown Press or select Basic mode to make measurements of signals with non standard formats Press Mode Setup Make any required adjustments to the mode settings Th
215. rror 1 Uniform Select this filter to have no window active by using the uniform setting J Hanning Press this key to activate the Hanning filter _1 Hamming Press this key to activate the Hamming filter T Gaussian Press this key to activate the Gaussian filter with the roll off factor alpha of 3 5 182 Chapter 5 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys 1 Blackman Press this key to activate the Blackman filter J Blackman Harris Press this key to activate the Blackman Harris filter T K B 70dB 90dB 110dB Kaiser Bessel Select one of the Kaiser Bessel filters with sidelobes at 70 90 or 110 dBc FFT Size Accesses the menu to change the following parameters 1 Length Ctrl Toggles the FFT and window length setting function between Auto and Man manual D Min Pts in RBW Sets the minimum number of data points that will be used inside the resolution bandwidth The range is 0 10 to 100 00 points with 0 01 resolution This key is grayed out if Length Ctrl is set to Man 1 Window Length Enters the FFT window length in the number of capture samples ranging from 8 to 1048576 This length represents the actual quantity of I Q samples that are captured for processing by the FFT Capture Time is the associated parameter shown on the screen This key is grayed out if Length Control is set to Auto 1 FFT Length Enters the FFT length in the number of captured samples rangin
216. rst Power vs Time GSH 900 Center Freq 935 200000 MHz RF Envelope Rise amp Fall Multi Slot Mean Transmit Power 1 04 dBm Chapter 4 143 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Table 4 1 NOTE Making Measurements Making the Power vs Time Measurement Changing the Measurement Setup Power vs Time Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Avg Bursts 10 Off Avg Mode Exp Avg Type Pwr Avg RMS Meas Time 1 Slot Trig Source RF Burst Wideband Burst Sync Training Seq Advanced RBW Filter Gaussian Res BW 500 000 kHz Parameters that are under the Advanced key seldom need to be changed Any changes from the default values may result in invalid measurement data Make sure the Power vs Time measurement is selected under the Measure menu The Meas Setup key will access a menu which allows you to modify the averaging trigger source and burst sync for this measurement as described in the Measurement Setup section at the beginning of this chapter In addition the following power vs time measurement parameters can be modified Meas Time allows you to measure more than one timeslot Enter a value in integer increments of slots with a range of 1 to 50 The actual measure time in us is set somewhat longer than the specified number of slots in order to view the complete burst e Advanced accesses a menu to change t
217. s a further menu key menu An arrow on the right side of a menu key label indicates that the key accesses a further menu The menu key which is currently active is highlighted Keys unavailable for use are greyed out If a menu key menu has multiple pages further pages will be accessed by pressing the More key which is the bottom key on any multi page menu 14 Return key The Return key exits the current menu and returns you to the previous menu If you are on page one of a multi page menu a menu with a More key the Return key will exit the multi page menu When you activate a different measurement the return list is cleared The Return key will not return you to the previously activated mode nor will it alter any values you have entered on previous menus 15 Navigation keys are used to move around in the display and to return to the previous menu The Tab Left feature is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update The Tab Right feature is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update The Home feature is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update 16 Window keys are used to move to a different window in the display or to zoom the windows being displayed The Next Window key switches between windows When a single window is being viewed it switches to display the next window which is contained in the 30 Ch
218. s the measurement views for RF inputs and baseband I Q inputs Table 6 2 RF vs Baseband I Q Input Measurement Views by Measurement Views for RF Input Views for Baseband I Q Mona HE MN Measurement for Baseband 1 Q Measurements Inputs Measurements Inputs Channel Power Channel Power Channel Power Center Freq 0 Hz ACP FFT Fast Bar Graph Measurement n a Spectrum Not Available Power Stat CCDF CCDF none CCDF Spectrum Spectrum Spectrum Center Freq 0 Hz Freq Domain Spectrum Linear Spectrum Linear Spectrum Views I and Q Waveform I and Q Waveform Y axis V dBm I Q Polar I Q Polar Spectrum Linear Waveform Signal Envelope Signal Envelope Y axis V dBm Time Domain I Q Waveform I Q Waveform Linear Envelope I Q Polar I Q Polar Linear Envelope I and Q Waveform Results screens for the above measurements unique to baseband I Q inputs are shown in the section Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs on page 136 230 Chapter 6 Concepts Other Sources of Measurement Information Other Sources of Measurement Information Additional measurement application information is available through your local Agilent Technologies sales and service office The following application notes treat digital communications measurements in much greater detail than discussed in this measurement guide Application Note 1298 Digital Modulation in Communications Systems An Introduction Agilent par
219. s used when measurement is set to spectrum FFT Window Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum File Front Panel File System System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 File Location Print Setup Print to File File Type Print Setup Print to File Flat Top Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window Frame MODE Basic Meas Setup Trig Source Free Run Meas Setup Trig Source FREQUENCY Front Panel Channel Freq Ref System Reference Front Panel Test MODE Service More 1 of 2 Function Marker More 1 of 2 Gaussian Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window GIF Print Setup Print To File File Type GPIB Address System Config I O GSM MODE Hamming Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window Hanning Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window Help Front Panel Host Name System Config I O IF Align Input Input Port 60 Chapter 2 Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path IF Align Signal Input Image Print Setup Print to File Instrument Name System Config I O SICL Server Instrument Logical Unit System Config I O SICL Server Input Front Panel Input Atten Input Input Port Input Install System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Install Now System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Install IP Address Sy
220. seband signals using Baseband I Q inputs may be conveniently displayed as voltage using a linear vertical scale as well as a log scale Spectrum Views and 0 Hz Center Frequency Some views must be altered to account for the fundamental difference between RF and baseband I Q signals For Spectrum measurements of I Q signals this includes using a center frequency of 0 Hz for Spectrum views and the Spectrum Linear view Occupied Bandwidth and Channel Power results are also displayed using a center frequency of 0 Hz The center frequency of baseband I Q Spectrum displays is 0 Hz Frequencies higher than 0 Hz are displayed as positive and those below 0 Hz are negative The negative portion of a multi channel baseband signal below 0 Hz corresponds to the portion of the signal that would lie below the carrier center frequency when it is up converted if no spectral inversion occurs As 0 Hz is a fixed center frequency the FREQUENCY Channel front panel key has no active menu for baseband I Q Spectrum measurements I only and Q only Spectrum views are conventional displayed with 0 Hz at the left margin of the vertical axis When up converted or multiplied an I only or Q only signal could ultimately lie above or below the carrier center frequency but in either case it will only occupy half the bandwidth As 0 Hz is a fixed start frequency the FREQUENCY Channel front panel key has no active menu keys Use Span to change horizontal scal
221. sed as a SICL server emulating IEEE 488 2 protocol over LAN for a telnet programming port that can be sent SCPI commands for a TCP IP socket programming port that can be sent SCPI commands o Q E o 0 d EU 2 O o for anonymous FTP operations to retrieve a screen gif or screen xwd file from the ftp pub NOTE For more information on remote programming with your transmitter tester refer to the programmer s guide Chapter 1 33 Getting Started Rear Panel Description 11 PARALLEL The PARALLEL connection supports remote printing 12 MONITOR The MONITOR allows connection of an external VGA monitor using a 15 pin mini D SUB connector 13 RS 232 The serial port RS 232 is not implemented This feature will be implemented with a future firmware update v o E S 7 o E 7 6 34 Chapter 1 Getting Started Display Annotation Display Annotation M UJ 700 1924 48 Spectrum Agilent 07 12 Basic Measure A 9 Center Freq 50 0000000 MHz Haveforn 60 dB Spectrum Time Domain Spectrum Freq Domain m Span 1 1 0 Haveform 9 pa83a The annotation features explained below refers to the display that is fe visible when your transmitter tester is in basic measurement mode 2 this is the default state of the transmitter tester when it is turned on a For explanations relating to
222. sede ws 71 Londins nn dA T E dun 71 iade X DEBES ou Lodo XU eee ke E E ee ee RE A ER 71 Using the Alpha Editor Revs 2 0005 tia AREE RE Ru REFERO EX Rd EET Xe 12 Using Input Output Configuration Keys 2i isse kurze aka reae Euh ERR ERA 73 A A s ROI e qe E deb URGERE Kb RE Cb d o eke i eed ORE a odd 73 A OE pt a Sod dct o e 15 Refranes cvs A A o XV A A EP PS GNE NE d PXX ER 75 Using System Configuration and Alignment KeyS o oo ooooocoooooooooomoooo FI Restore System Detfaulis ias iros b ERE RR CURE EON REG PIX SARS TESS RE PEE RELY TI A o ta wes uS A A CR ER 77 A EO ET RR PI SER SER SEED ae ES SXP dE S Sus 78 a DDSeal og cee aa E eoo p c ob PEE ore p a d doe gae qupd n de ode 80 iru Eo nn Po cere 4 akon seeee sede e Thee nee eas 81 3 Setting the Mode Contents 7 T 7 T fo O o 3 F Sache a MOOR ick gu scu elis veretiAldOPTAq bsbesdQDE Rxqet2geadxadqdi SURG oes 86 Mode abu s euet Ueber Papier OUR pd Eiche e vara de ead Er au 87 unu or TEE A T O SE ATTIS TETT 87 Trigger Co EE E EE E EE EE E A E 89 Selecting the Frequency Channel lessen 90 4 Making Measurements Basic Measurements eoero x eds du ERR XE AAA AAA REC CERE A AAA 92 The 3 Steps to Set Up and Make Measurements 000 ce cece nett enns 93 Preparing for Measurements 2 245 dogs deed RR Errr ORE RH ORE RU eae RACER SOR EO CR o 94 Usine ISA RULE Wes cu agde xa ox d RERO A A E WARN RUN UC RU AR RE RR 94 Measurement Contr
223. signal in the channel bandwidth The Gaussian distribution line as the band limited Gaussian noise CCDF reference line the user definable reference trace and the currently measured trace can be displayed on a semi log graph If the currently measured trace is above the user reference trace it means that the higher peak power levels against the average power are included in the input signal For E4406A Option B7C in addition to RF input signals baseband I Q input signals can be measured using the Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs Chapter 6 221 Si Te Fe Urey 7 E a c fe iS Concepts Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Concepts Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Concepts Purpose The spectrum measurement provides spectrum analysis capability for the instrument The control of the measurement was designed to be familiar to those who are accustomed to using swept spectrum analyzers This measurement is FFT Fast Fourier Transform based The FFT specific parameters are located in the Advanced menu Also available under basic mode spectrum measurements is an I Q window which shows the I and Q signal waveforms in parameters of voltage versus time The advantage of having an I Q view available while in the spectrum measurement is that it allows you to view complex components of the same signal without changing settings or measurements Measurement Method The measurement uses digital s
224. sing loopback mode to transmit the RF power Measurement Procedure Press the Preset key to preset the instrument The settings will default to IS 95 standards Press the MODE Basic keys to enable the Basic Mode measurements Press the Mode Setup Radio Device keys and toggle to select MS or BTS To use settings different than for an IS 95 signal press the Meas Setup Offsets and Limits keys and select settings for your signal of interest For more information see Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys on page 168 To set the measurement center frequency press the FREQUENCY Channel key enter a numerical frequency using the front panel keypad and complete the entry by selecting a units key like MHz Depending on the measurement selected you may have other keys available to select a channel or slot For more information see FREQUENCY Channel Key Menu Press the MEASURE ACP keys to initiate the adjacent channel leakage power ratio measurement The following figure shows an example result of ACP Total Pwr Ref measurements in the bar graph window The absolute and relative power levels on both sides of the carrier frequency are displayed in the graphic window and text window 126 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurements Figure 4 32 Basic ACP Measurement Bar Graph Default View 3 Agilent 07 26 99 09 53 21 Basic IRTLIT Averages 20 Bar Graph Total Pur Ref Total Pur Ref 5 89
225. spectrum graph in parameters of voltage versus frequency in linear scale Changes to frequency span or voltage can affect data acquisition Figure 5 4 Spectrum Measurement Linear Spectrum View for E4406A se Agilent 06 27 01 18 22 11 Basic Ch Freq 1 06000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain Y Ref 40 8 mU 4 8 mi Linear Spectrum Meas Setup View Trace Spectrum Linear Span 3 000 MHz Y Scale Div 5 00 mV Ref Value 30 0 mV Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm 9 channels of SR1 cdma2000 Rev 8 aouasaj0y Aoy NOTE for E4406A For the widest spans the I Q window becomes just ADC time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in effect This is not the case for E4406A Option B7C if the Input Port is set to either VQ I only or Q only and you have connected baseband I Q signals to the I Q INPUT connectors land Q Waveform for E4406A Provides individual views of the I and Q signal waveform windows in parameters of voltage versus time To select the I or Q trace view press the Next key at the bottom of the display The selected window will have a green outline To view the window full size press the Zoom key Chapter 5 189 Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Figure 5 5 Figure 5 6 Key Reference Spectrum Frequency Domain Keys Spectrum Measurement I and Q Waveform View for E4406A 3 Agilent 06 27 01 18 25 00 Basic Ch Freq
226. ssing the Preset key or by cycling the instrument power These features will retain the last value set by the user Press System More Restore Sys Defaults Yes to reset the System parameters back to the factory defaults Install and Uninstall The Install and Uninstall keys which enable you to install and remove measurement personalities are described separately on page 38 of the Getting Started chapter 56 Chapter 2 Using System Features Key Locations Key Locations All system service and basic features can be located by using the key access table below The key access path describes the key sequence you enter to access the particular key Some features can only be used when specific measurements are active If a feature is not currently valid the key label for that feature will appear as lighter colored text will be greyed out or will not be displayed at all Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path 10 MHz Out System Reference 50 MHz Amptd MODE Service 50 MHz Ref Input Input Port ADC Dither Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 ADC Range Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature is used when measure is set to either spectrum or waveform Adjust Now System Alignments Align Subsystem Align 50 MHz Reference Note Requires Password Advanced Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Align 50 MHz System Alignments Align Subsystem Reference Note Requires Passwor
227. ssistance 2 Q e n o gt lt 3 gt 240 Chapter 7 Menu Maps These menu maps are in alphabetical order by the front panel key label or oval cross reference label You can locate detailed information about each key function at the page number listed in the figure title for each menu 241 Menu Maps Basic Measurement Key Flow Basic Measurement Key Flow The key flow diagrams shown in a hierarchical manner on the following pages will help you grasp the overall functional relationships for the front panel keys and the menu keys displayed at the extreme right side of the screen The diagrams are Mode on page 244 Mode Setup Key Flow page 161 on page 245 FREQUENCY AMPLITUDE amp Meas Control Flows page 159 page 160 and page 161 on page 246 Spectrum Freq Domain Measurement Key Flow 1 of 3 page 180 on page 247 Waveform Time Domain Measurement Key Flow 1 of 4 page 196 on page 250 ACP Measurement Key Flow 1 of 2 page 168 on page 254 CHP Measurement Key Flow page 176 on page 256 Power Stat CCDF Measurement Key Flow 1 of 2 page 212 on page 257 Use these flow diagrams as follows There are some basic conventions An oval represents one of the front panel keys Q Error Quad View This box represents one of the menu keys displayed lt Bot forEVM gt This represents an explanatory description on its
228. stem Config I O Q Input Z Input Q Waveform Marker Trace Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform K B 70 dB Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window More 1 of 2 K B 90 dB Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window More 1 of 2 K B 110 dB Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Window More 1 of 2 Landscape Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type Custom Orientation Language Print Setup Print To Printer Printer Type Custom Define Custom Length Ctrl Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced FFT Size Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Level Mode Setup Trigger Ext Front Level Mode Setup Trigger Ext Rear License Key System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Install Line Meas Setup Trig Source Load State File Local System Note Press the front panel System key to change from remote to local control of the instrument Log Pwr Avg Meas Setup Average Avg Type Chapter 2 61 o E io o lt YN c 3 mn EU Ll 7 Y o A gt E 7 0 ru 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Long Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 Data Packing Manual Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced ADC Range Note This feature is used when measur
229. stest measurement speed is obtained by using a channel power span that is only slightly greater than the integration bandwidths Using Channel Power Spans that are much greater than the integration bandwidths slow the measurement and may degrade accuracy For more information see Channel Power Measurement Concepts on page 219 Chapter 4 131 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 35 Step 9 Making Measurements Channel Power Measurements Channel Power Measurement Result BTS Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Channel Power Channel Power Power Spectral Density 10 37 dBm 1 23000 MHz 1 27 dBm Hz Your result should look like the screen above The total RF power in the measurement channel span is shown at the left of the lower text window The vertical white lines indicate the integration bandwidth setting Press the Meas Setup More 1 of 2 keys to check the keys available to change the measurement parameters from the default condition Troubleshooting Hints If an external attenuator is used be sure to use the Ext RF Atten key to include the attenuation value in the displayed measurement result The channel power measurement can reveal the effects of degraded or defective parts in the transmitter section of the UUT The following are areas of concern which can contribute to performance degradation DC power supply control of the transmitter power amplifier RF power control of the pre power a
230. sults Freq error The error difference between the 10 MHz input signal and the internal 10 MHz signal Magnitude The magnitude of the external 10 MHz signal While this is an uncalibrated value it gives the user an idea of the signal amplitude Adjusting A 0 will appear if the timebase adjustment is not being performed A 1 will appear if the adjustment is being performed E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 Id Measure Pwr vs Time gilent 07 26 99 09 53 21 Service Timebase Frequency Timebase Time Record T Magnitude Frequency Freq Error Chapter 4 147 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements 50 MHz Amplitude 50 MHz Amplitude Purpose To check the amplitude of the internal 50 MHz amplitude reference signal Measurement Method The amplitude of an internal 50 MHz reference signal is compared with the amplitude of a stable external 50 MHz signal which has been measured with a power meter and then connected to the front panel RF connector Test Setup The 50 MHz amplitude feature enables you to measure the amplitude of the internal 50 MHz reference signal The amplitude of an internal 50 MHz reference signal is adjusted as close as possible to 25 00 dBm based on the relative measurement of the reliable external 50 MHz signal which is input by the user into the front panel RF connector Follow these steps to measure the amplitude of t
231. sure Pwr vs Time Service 50 MHz Level Timebase RF Magnitude Cal Magnitude Frequency 50 MHz Amptd Sensors Error F Ampli Spectrum Ca ih Freq Domain Maveform Time Domain More Titi Chapter 4 149 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Making Measurements Sensors Sensors Purpose The temperature of the RF board will vary over time and can adversely affect the IF signal amplitude Sensors on the RF board monitor changes in temperature Measurement Method The sensor measurements are generated internally and do not require any user interaction Test Setup Press Mode Service Measure Sensors Results Window One IF Signal Level Shows a stripchart of the IF signal amplitude in dBm Window Two Cal Osc Level The Cal Oscillator window is not implemented Window Three RF Temperature Shows a stripchart of the RF assembly temperature in Celsius Window Four numeric results IF Signal Level The ADC number for the detected 21 4 MHz IF signal at the input to the AIF Typical values with the input attenuator set to 0 dB 20 no signal applied 23 10 dBm 27 5 dBm and 38 0 dBm Cal Osc Level Not implemented RF Temp Shows current temperature in Celsius 150 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Sensors Sensors Timebase Freq 50 MHz Amptd Spectrum Freq Domain Waveform Time Domain s u w nse n Buren Chapt
232. surement 252 202 3 56 Mbytes personality iDEN measurement personality HNI1 2 10 Mbytes WiDEN measurement personality HN1 1 58 Mbytes Baseband I Q Inputs B7C n a hardware only a Available as of the print date of this guide Memory Upgrade Kits The VSA 64 MByte Memory Upgrade kit part number is E4406AU ANE For more information about memory upgrade kits contact your local sales office service office or see http www agilent com find sa upgrades Loading an Optional Measurement Personality You must use a PC to load the desired personality option into the instrument memory Loading can be done from a firmware CD ROM or by downloading the update program from the internet An automatic loading program comes with the files and runs from your PC le 2 Ej io 0 4 E zl O Qa You can check the Agilent internet website for the latest E4406 firmware versions available for downloading http www agilent com find e4406a firmware NOTE When you add a new option or update an existing option you will get the updated versions of all your current options as they are all reloaded simultaneously This process may also require you to update the instrument core firmware so that it is compatible with the new option Depending on your installed hardware memory you may not be able to fit all of the available measurement personalities in instrument memory at the same time You may need to delete
233. surements Spectrum Linear for E4406A Provides a view of the spectrum graph in parameters of voltage versus frequency in linear scale Changes to frequency span or voltage can affect data acquisition Figure 4 4 Spectrum Measurement Linear Spectrum View for E4406A se Agilent 06 27 01 18 22 11 Basic Ch Freq 1 06000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain Y Ref 40 8 mU A mi Linear Spectrum x El io O E 7 lt o 3 7 Meas Setup View Trace Spectrum Linear Span 3 000 MHz Y Scale Div 5 00 mV Ref Value 30 0 mV Others Factory default settings Input signals 10 00 dBm 9 channels of SR1 cdma2000 Rev 8 NOTE for E4406A For the widest spans the I Q window becomes just ADC time domain samples because the I Q down conversion is no longer in effect This is not the case for E4406A Option B7C if the Input Port is set to either VQ I only or Q only and you have connected baseband I Q signals to the I Q INPUT connectors land Q Waveform for E4406A Provides individual views of the I and Q signal waveform windows in parameters of voltage versus time To select the I or Q trace view press the Next key at the bottom of the display The selected window will have a green outline To view the window full size press the Zoom key Chapter 4 105 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o x Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements
234. t Step 8 Press the Meas Setup More 1 of 2 keys to check the keys available to change the measurement parameters from the default condition For more details about changing measurement parameters see Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurement Concepts on page 222 Chapter 4 111 o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Figure 4 15 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements This section explains how to make waveform time domain measurement on a cellular base station Measurement of I and Q modulated waveforms in the time domain disclose the voltages which comprise the complex modulated waveform of a digital signal Configuring the Measurement System The base station BTS under test has to be set to transmit the RF power remotely through the system controller This transmitting signal is connected to the instruments RF input port Connect the equipment as shown An interfering or adjacent signal may supplied as shown Waveform Measurement System Frequency Reference CONTROLLER 10 MHz OUT 8 O DI oDoDo 000 9 E a no oo oo oo oo B n oo G OR E4406A ba88a 1 Using the appropriate cables adapters and circulator connect the output signal of the BTS to the RF input of the instrument 2 Connect the base transmission station simulator or signal generator to the BTS through a circulator to initiate a link cons
235. t Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Sweep Time 2 000 ms Res BW 100 000 kHz Averaging Avg Number 10 Off Avg Mode Exp Avg Type Pwr Avg RMS Trig Source Free Run Immediate IF Path requires Option B7J and Narrow Option 122 or 140 Chapter 5 199 Q O c o o o oc gt oO x Key Reference Waveform Time Domain Keys Waveform Time Domain Measurement Defaults Measurement Parameter Factory Default Condition Wideband IF Gain Option 122 or 0 00 dB 140 Wideband Filtering Option 122 or 140 Filter Type None Filter Alpha 0 30 Filter BW 0 50 Signal Envelope View for E4406A SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 10 00 dB RF Envelope View for PSA SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 10 00 dB Linear Envelope View for E4406A Option B7C SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us Linear Envelope window AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV Phase window AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 30 0 deg I Q Waveform View SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV I and Q Waveform View for E4406A Option B7C SPAN X Scale Scale Div 200 0 us AMPLITUDE Y Scale Scale Div 100 0 mV I Q Polar View for E4406A I Q Scale Div 100 0 mV I or Q Origin 0 00 V Narrowband Advanced Pre ADC BPF Off RBW Filter Gaussian ADC Range Auto Dat
236. t number 5965 7160E Application Note Characterizing Digitally Modulated Signals with CCDF Curves Agilent part number 5968 5858E Instrument Updates at www agilent com These web locations can be used to access the latest information about the instrument including the latest firmware version http www agilent com find vsa Te Fe Vo To Chapter 6 231 Concepts Other Sources of Measurement Information Y E a O c fe iS 232 Chapter 6 E S f I E lt Ly o v fe z i 3 If You Have a Problem This chapter will help you identify the causes of some problems you may encounter offers warranty information and provides instructions for returning your instrument to Agilent Technologies For information about error messages and functional tests see the Instrument Messages and Functional Tests document 233 g Q e n o gt lt 3 gt If You Have a Problem Problem Symptoms and Solutions Problem Symptoms and Solutions The following section describes some transmitter tester problem symptoms and possible solutions to those problems They include Key or Feature Does Not Appear in Menu on page 234 Frequency Unlock or External Reference Missing Error Messages on page 235 LAN External Loopback Test Failed Error Message on page 235 Instrument Fails Alignment Error Message on page 235 Measurement Keys Do Not A
237. ted only when Input Port is set to Q The VQ Input Z key enables you to choose an input impedance of either 50 Q or 600 Q An input impedance of 600 Q may be needed for certain telecommunications applications Input Atten key The Input Atten feature can be activated only when Port is set to RF The Input Atten feature allows you to enter the attenuation value The input attenuation can be set at values from 0 to 40 dB in increments of 1 dB The input attenuation setting is coupled to the maximum total power setting The Max Total Pwr and Input Atten settings are coupled together When you switch to a different measurement the Max Total Pwr is kept constant but the Input Atten may change if the two measurements have different mixer margins Thus you can directly set the transmitter tester input attenuation or you can set it indirectly by specifying the maximum expected power at the UUT Max Total Pwr setting Adjust the IF Align Signal The IF align signal adjustments are advanced features IF align rate amplitude and type should not be modified unless you are familiar with IF align functionality Signal Rate The signal is modulated by a digital sequence that can be set to 1 of 13 positions rate 0 through 12 to cause the comb spacing or pulse timing of the alignment signal to widen or narrow At the position of 1 the signal rate is set at its maximum value of 234 375 kHz This frequency rate value will appear in the menu key
238. terization Power Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF curves characterize the higher level power statistics of a digitally modulated signal The curves can be useful in determining design parameters for digital communications systems The power statistics CCDF measurement can be affected by many factors For example modulation filtering modulation format combining the multiple signals at different frequencies number of active codes and correlation between symbols on different codes with spread spectrum systems will all affect measurement results These factors are all related to modulation and signal parameters External factors such as signal compression and expansion by nonlinear components group delay distortion from filtering and power control within the observation interval also affect the measurement Both the amplifier designer and the system integrator must make sure that the PA and other components can handle the PAR that the signal exhibits for the different data rates while maintaining a good ACL performance You can use the complementary cumulative distribution function to help you with this job The complementary cumulative distribution function CCDF fully characterizes the power statistics of a signal 15 CCDF curves can help you in several situations To determine the headroom required when designing a component 15 To confirm the power statistics of a given signal or stimulus CCDF curv
239. the display indicate the value of the active marker in units of the window which contains that marker Pressing Normal also deactivates any marker delta functions which have been activated previously Select Enables you to select one or more of the four available markers Once selected a marker can be activated or deactivated by using the Normal Delta or Function keys If a marker has previously been turned on and assigned to a specific trace it will become active on that trace when the Select key is pressed Delta Places two markers on the selected trace or if a marker is already active places a second marker at the position of the active marker You can activate up to two sets of delta markers Annotation in the active function area and in the upper right corner of the display show differences between the two markers in the units of the window which contains that marker x El io O E 7 lt o 3 1 7 Off Turns off the selected marker as set by the Select key Marker All Off Turns off all markers Shape Allows you to select markers in the shapes of diamonds crosses squares and lines The line markers run vertically from the bottom to the top of the display while the diamond square and cross shapes simply allow you to distinguish different points on the trace by using different shapes You may use up to four different shaped markers at a given time although only one may be acti
240. the internal preamplifier 162 Pre FFT BW key 182 Pre FFT Fltr key 182 preset factory default 86 Print Location key 67 Print Setup key 67 Print Type key 67 printer custom 68 Printer key 67 printers RS 232 cables 45 printing 67 probe power 29 problems error messages 234 feature cannot be accessed 234 LAN connection 234 power on 234 procedure using the waveform measurement 123 Q Q origin 261 Index I Q Polar window 207 210 I Q polar window 207 210 Q Origin key 193 194 Q waveform window amplitude Y scale 209 reference position 210 reference value 209 scale coupling 210 scale per division 209 R Raised Cosine Key 212 rear panel connection keys 73 rear panel connections 32 Ref Position key 96 Ref Value key 96 Reference key 75 repair returning your instrument 239 repeat averaging 95 Res BW key spectrum measurement 180 waveform measurement 196 Restore Align Defaults key 83 Restore Meas Defaults key 95 Restore Sys Defaults key 77 results waveform measurement 223 Return key 30 returning your instrument 239 returning your instrument to Hewlett Packard 239 RF Burst key 96 RF Envelope key 96 RF input 29 Root Nyquist key 212 RPG knob 29 RRC root raised cosine key 212 RS 232 cables 45 RS 232 connector 34 S safety installing instrument 51 using instrument 52 safety symbols 52 sales and service offices 239 sample rate
241. tly saved in the A or C drives For these reasons Printer is usually the preferred selection 6 Press the front panel PRINT key If you have set HCOPy to Printer six filenames will appear in the menu keys screen1 xxx screen2 xxx screen3 xxx screen4 xxx screen5 xxx and screen6 xxx the xxx extension will be gif bmp or wmf depending on the file type selected in File Type The destination drive name will also be displayed Press the appropriate screen xxx key Files written to the A drive will be located at A screen xxx Files written to the C drive may be accessed by the following path users f tp pub screen xxx Six files may be stored at the same time to either location Any subsequent files stored to the same filename will overwrite the existing file 7 The disk may be removed from the A drive once the LED on the disk drive is off Any files you have saved are now available to be printed through use of an external computer and printer or to be imported into an electronic document Files located on the C drive may be retrieved over the LAN by ftp with the use of an external computer o Ej io l lt YN c 3 E lo EU Ll 7 Chapter 2 69 Y 0 A gt E 7 0 Le 7 S YN 2 7 2 E YN m Using System Features Using Print and Print Setup Functions The following table illustrates the keys used and key choices available to print a screen image to e
242. tructed with sync and pilot channels if required 3 Connect a BNC cable between the 10 MHz OUT port of the signal generator and the EXT REF IN port of the instrument 4 Connect the system controller to the BTS through the serial bus cable to control the BTS operation 5 Connect an external trigger if needed Press Mode Setup Trigger to access a menu to set up inputs and levels for all triggers You must then select the appropriate trigger under the Meas Setup Trigger menu to direct the measurement to use your trigger settings 112 Chapter 4 Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Setting the BTS From the base transmission station simulator and the system controller set up a call using loopback mode for the BTS to transmit the RF signal Measurement Procedure Press the Preset key to preset the instrument Press the MODE Basic keys to enable the Basic Mode measurements To set the measurement center frequency press the FREQUENCY Channel key enter a numerical frequency using the front panel keypad and complete the entry by selecting a units key like MHz Press the SPAN key enter a numerical span using the front panel keypad and press the MHz key to set the measurement span in MHz Press the MEASURE to initiate the Waveform measurement x Ko O o 7 lt o 3 1 7 The default display shows both Curr
243. ture is used when measurement is set to spectrum Pre FFT Fitr Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Print Front Panel Printer Print Setup Printer Type Print Setup Print To Printer Print Setup Front Panel Prints Page Print Setup Print To Printer Print To Print Setup Pulse Input IF Align Signal Signal Type Pwr Avg RMS Meas Setup Average Avg Type Pwr vs Time MODE Service RBW Filter Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced Note This feature is used when measurement is set to spectrum Reference System Ref Position AMPLITUDEYY Scale for spectrum or waveform or SPAN XScale for waveform Ref Values AMPLITUDEYY Scale for spectrum or waveform or SPAN XScale for waveform Res BW Meas Setup Note This feature is used when measurement is set to either spectrum or waveform Restart Front Panel Restore Align Defaults System Alignments Restore Meas Defaults Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Chapter 2 63 o E io o lt 77 c O 3 E EU Ll E 7 Y o A gt E 7 0 ru 7 3 YN gt 2 2 E YN m Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Restore Sys System More 1 of 3 More 2 of 3 Defaults Return Front Panel RF Input Input Port Align RF System Alignments Align S
244. u dauid hd 148 RESINA T 149 POS A AS ARA ADA 150 A Roe rine dod Rie dU ded d patte Ro papa DE dou RRR A ne ie MUR pp 150 Measurement Method socios aacida aaa 25054 60558 A dane AA ews 150 A e E ROLE OREN AEs PRO DD e UR REEL ree OP ee OR X M RR 150 TRE RR T T T CL T RT TT TUNER 150 Front Panel Fesb ui iu ses y reeet d eroe Poe qood pde esp so dob Sere georges 152 PERE S e AAT EET RO SER ROR eee TEES 152 o A A Rb ee bee ee ee Ree ee ees 152 Pele ccc L TENAS TEES nicer i dada bated E LAST he saunas 153 Troubleshooting Hints 1a ca sn maine d Roe Y ORA HECHO ode CR OE EO OE 158 5 Key Reference Instrument Front Panel Highlights iussa ua koc wa EE EROR EROR EUR ee ER A EARN d 156 Selected E4406A VSA Front Panel Features 000 cece 157 Era Panel Raya coca A wee d edi TE E DU Pac pap Eb Ue bess 159 FREQUENCY Channel Key Menu 22 oe rr RR UR EX E ORE RO RR EORR RARE 159 Spat S06 Roy ND snicker RO a RC A C UC RE RD RU ORE CHE ARR CRAT E 159 AMPLITUDE Y Scale Key Men iisss a e ir o a Hee Enek 160 MEASURE Key Mer inci rta EERIE ER VRARE EEEE EARR DEEA EE ERE 160 Meas Control Key Ment id das 161 Node Setup Key Ment ai AA dd Enr RUE Ed E ROCA OE RARA eh CERRO 162 Trigger Key Nenu 3 4605 Ween a A o RE REG AAA ERWIN d Rd RUE 165 Adjacent Channel Power ACP Keys ooooooooooorrr rr 168 Measurement Setup Key Menu 0 0 ccc cence ene enn eens 168 Nie Thane Key Mend errr pu RRA WR REGN EO ORE RR X AUR E ROC TORK EE 17
245. ubsystem RF Burst Mode Setup Trigger RF Envelope View Trace Note This feature is used when measurement is set to waveform RF Envelope Marker Trace Note This feature is used when measurement is set to waveform RF Inp Level System Alignments Align Subsystem Align 50 MHz Reference Save Front Panel Save State File or Save Scale Coupling AMPLITUDE Y Scale for spectrum or waveform or SPAN XScale for waveform Scale Div AMPLITUDE Y Scale for spectrum or waveform or SPAN XScale for waveform SCPI LAN System Config I O Search Front Panel Select Marker Sensors MODE Service Server System Config I O SICL Server Service MODE Service Password System More 1 of 3 Show System Shape Marker More 1 of 2 Short Meas Setup More 1 of 2 Advanced More 1 of 2 Data Packing Show Errors System Show System System More 1 of 3 SICL Server System Config I O Signal Amptd Input IF Align Signal Signal Rate Input IF Align Signal 64 Chapter 2 Using System Features Key Locations Table 2 1 Key Access Locations Key Key Access Path Signal Type Input IF Align Signal Slope Mode Setup Trigger Ext Front Slope Mode Setup Trigger Ext Rear Slope Mode Setup Trigger RF Burst Slope Mode Setup Trigger Video Socket Port System Config I O SCPI Lan Span Meas Setup SPAN Front Panel X Scale Spectrum View Trace
246. ules Use the Next Window and Zoom keys to select and enlarge either graph Figure 4 17 Waveform Measurement Linear Envelope View 3X Agilent 01 02 70 21 29 51 L Basic Baseband I Q Haveform Time Domain pa E E X Scale Div 20 us Linear Envelope E zx Ko O g 7 f E o 3 E 7 Meas Setup View Trace Linear Envelope View GSM signal Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Chapter 4 115 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Figure 4 18 Waveform Measurement Linear Envelope View Agilent 08 01 01 17 27 29 cdma2000 BTS Baseband I Q Waveform Time Domain SR1 pum m Y E EH 10 0 mU Linear Envelope o 2 c o o 5 7 o z o E Meas Setup View Trace Linear Envelope View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal cdma2000 Rev 8 SR1 9 Channel Figure 4 19 Waveform Measurement Linear Envelope View 3 Agilent 10 07 04 13 27 06 W CDMA w HSDPA IRILITIS __ BTS Baseband I Q Waveform Time Domain 3GPP hn an Linear Envelope I Q 2 1MR U um T I menm M A M i iit IT Ji JO kHz Gaussian Sample Meas Setup View Trace Linear Envelope View Others Factory defaults except X and Y scales Input signal W CDMA 3GPP 3 4 12 00 1 DPCH 116 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Waveform Time Domain Measurements Figure 4 20 Waveform Measurement Linear Envelope View
247. unique measurement options such as GSM 2 or cdmaOne see the documentation that accompanies each mode 3 a 1 Center Frequency annotation 2 Trigger Source Indicator 3 Vertical Scale dB Division Indicator 4 Reference Level Indicator in dBm 5 Active Function Area The active function area displays numeric entries If you press a measurement key that activates a function its value will appear in the active function area 6 Measurement Bar Displays information about measurements including some mode setup parameters Current Measurement Annotation The Annunciators bar displays annunciators that Chapter 1 35 Getting Started Display Annotation indicate that hardware errors other errors or specific instrument states are detected in the instrument as explained below Error indicators are shown in red text Where applicable some states will appear in green indicating that the feature is active and performing correctly Informational annunciators are shown in white text To view error messages fully you will use keys in the Show Errors menu see page 56 The current error message with the highest priority will also appear in the Status Info Bar that appears at the bottom of the display The following annunciators are available Unlock This annunciator indicates that one or more of the internal phase locked loops are unable to maintain a phase locked state Corr Off corrections off This annunciator appears when
248. ure required are described in the E4406A service guide NOTE The Align 50 MHz reference feature can only be activated if you have a service password The password is not available unless the user has purchased the service guide Align Current IF Flatness Activates an immediate measurement of the current IF flatness for FFT spectral amplitude compensation Normally this alignment occurs in the background when the instrument bandwidth is changed Given the current BW and Gain DAC settings for a measurement alignment is done using the comb calibration signal The relative amplitude of combs within the BW are compared to expected amplitudes to generate the effective shape of the current IF path If Time Corrections are active this alignment generates complex IF responses magnitude and phase rather than just the original scalar magnitude response The complex alignment requires reasonable delay estimation and improved trigger compensation so the phase response of several averaged measurements can be unwrapped properly Align Current SysGain Activates a fine tuning adjustment of the system gain This is done by measuring the response of the current system state configuration to the 50 MHz amplitude reference signal All subsequent measurements are then compensated appropriately for absolute amplitude accuracy Normally this occurs in the background when the instrument bandwidth is changed Corrections When set to On the def
249. uring which no rising edges have occurred This Option 123 definition changes slightly for negative slope video triggers For this case the instrument waits until it sees a time interval following the trigger event that is free of additional trigger events This lets you trigger on the falling edge of a burst that may contain trigger events Auto Trig Specifies a time for a trigger timeout and toggle the auto trigger function between On and Off The range is 1 000 ms to 1 000 ks with 1 us resolution If no trigger occurs by the specified time a trigger is automatically generated Frame Timer Accesses the menu to manually control the frame timer Period Sets the period of the frame clock The range is 0 000 ns to 559 0000 ms with 1 ns resolution Offset Sets the offset of the frame clock The range is 0 000 to 10 00 s with 100 ns resolution over 1 000 us range Reset Offset Display Displays the measurement without any offset of the frame clock Sync Source Accesses the menu to select one of the sources to be synchronized with For Option 122 or 140 The frame trigger will wait for and sync with the first external trigger that is received after sync is turned off After the sync is received the frame trigger stays locked to that event ignoring any later triggers The instrument will only resync if the measurement settings are changed or if an alignment occurs Q O c o o o oc gt oO
250. ve Marker Functions The marker Function menu key enables you to use two marker functions Band Power and Noise These functions do not apply to all measurements if you attempt to press a function key for a function that is not applicable to that measurement a message will appear telling you that the function is not supported under the current measurement These functions are described below Press Marker Function to access the following keys Band Power Allows you to place two markers to either side of a band so you can measure the power within that band You can use the RPG knob to move the band markers the numerical power reading will be visible in the upper right corner of the display This feature is particularly useful for measuring channel power Noise Normalizes the equivalent amplitude of the measured noise toa 1 Hz bandwidth which is centered around the displayed marker This is done by sampling and displaying the average of 32 data Chapter 4 99 Making Measurements Preparing for Measurements points Search Marker The front panel Search key performs a peak search when pressed A marker will automatically be activated at the highest peak o 2 E o o 5 a o z Oo E 100 Chapter 4 Figure 4 1 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements This section explains how to make a frequency domain measurement on a cellular b
251. ws the actual hardware value that is used for the current measurement The Attenuator setting is not coupled to the Max Total Pwr setting The Attenuator is only available for measurements which can use the Int Preamp Modulation Accuracy EVM and Peak Code Domain Error measurements QPSK EVM and Code Domain measurements If the Int Preamp is not available for a particular measurement the key is grayed out IF Align Signal Accesses the following menu to select one of the signals to be used for IF alignment Signal Rate Sets a value to be used for dividing the fundamental frequency of 468 75 kHz The value ranges from 0 to 12 as the power of 2 L1 Signal Amptd Sets an amplitude value to be applied to the digital analog converter for the IF alignment signal The value ranges from 0 to 4095 This functionality is not available if the PSA Option 122 or 140 wideband IF path is selected 1 Signal Type Accesses the following menu to select one of the signal types T CW Sets the IF alignment signal to CW CANEICICA Aoy T Comb Sets the IF alignment signal to comb wave Pulse Sets the IF alignment signal to pulse wave Input Default Settings Input Port RF Input Atten 0 00 dB Ext RF Atten MS 0 00 dB BTS 0 00 dB Int Preamp OFF Attenuator 0 dB Chapter 5 163 Key Reference Front Panel Keys Input Default Settings IF Align Signal Signal Rate 0 2 468
252. x 1 Off Turns the synchronizing source off for asynchronous tests 1 Ext Front Selects the external input signal from the front panel input port as the synchronizing source With Option 122 or 140 you can use the external front trigger setup menu to change the trigger level or delay ExtRear Selects the external input signal from the rear panel input port as the synchronizing source With Option 122 or 140 you can use the external rear trigger setup 214 Chapter 5 Key Reference Power Stat CCDF Keys menu to change the trigger level or delay Trigger Default Settings RF Burst Delay 0 000 us Peak Level 6 00 dB Slope Pos Video Envlp Delay 0 000 us Level 6 00 dBm Slope Pos Ext Front Delay 0 000 us Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Ext Rear Delay 0 000 us Level 2 00 V Slope Pos Trig Holdoff 0 000 ms Auto Trig 100 0 ms Off Frame Timer Period 26 666667 ms Offset 0 000 ms Sync Source Off 215 Chapter 5 SIVE ESTET Aoy Key Reference Power Stat CCDF Keys Q Oo c 7 o o oc gt oO x 216 Chapter 5 Concepts This chapter provides details about how the various measurements are performed by the instrument s da9u09 217 7 E a 5 c fe iS Concepts Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement Concepts Adjacent Channel Power ACP Measurement Concepts Purpose Adjacent Channel Power ACP is the power conta
253. xp Repeat Ref Channel Chan Integ BW 1 23000 MHz grayed out for Fast Avg Type Pwr Avg RMS Pwr Avg RMS Maximum Ref Chan Adv Sweep Time 546 0 us Auto Man Data Points 2048 Auto Man Res BW 1 622 kHz Num FFT Seg 1 Auto Man Offset Limits Offset A defaults Offset Freq On Off gt A 5 0 MHz On B 10 0 MHz On C 15 0 MHz Off D 20 0 MHz Off E 25 0 MHz Off Offset Freq 750 000 MHz On Off Offset Side Neg Both Pos Ref BW 30 000 kHz default for A to E Avg Type Pwr Avg RMS Pwr Avg RMS Maximum Limit Setup Abs Limit 0 00 dBm default for A to E gt Fail Relative AND OR Absolute Relative default for A to E gt Rel Lim Car 45 00 dBc 60 00 dBc for B amp 0 00 for C to E Rel Lim PSD 45 00 dB 43 87 dBc for B amp 0 00 for C to E Offset Adv Sweep Time 11 196 ms Auto Man Data Points 1024 Auto Man Res BW 79 0 Hz Num FFT Seg 1 Auto Man Relative Atten 0 00 dB ml O S
254. y or selecting a unit of measurement depending on the parameter 10 The Display Menu keys allow you either to activate a feature or to access a more detailed sub menu An arrow on the right side of a menu key label indicates that the key has a further selection menu The active menu key is highlighted however grayed out keys are currently unavailable for use or only show information If a menu has multiple pages successive pages are accessed by pressing the More key located at the bottom of the menu ESTE ESTET Aoy 11 Pressing the Return key allows you to exit the current menu and display the previous menu Often pressing a menu key will invoke a multi page sub menu Pressing the Return key will show the menu above it not a previous page When you activate another measurement the return list is cleared The Return key will not return you to a previously activated mode nor will it alter any values you have entered in previous menus 12 Baseband I Q Inputs E4406A Option B7C only Allow you to analyze signals at baseband frequencies See Using Option B7C Baseband I Q Inputs on page 136 13 BNC Audio Input PSA Option 233 Measuring Receiver only Provides Chapter 5 157 Key Reference Instrument Front Panel Highlights a 100 kohm input for audio measurements Frequency range is 20 Hz to 250 kHz Safe input level is 7 Vrms or 20 V DC Q Oo c 7 o o oc gt oO x 158 Chapter 5 NOTE NO
255. y to preset the instrument Step 2 Press the MODE Basic keys to enable the Basic Mode measurements Step 3 To set the measurement center frequency press the FREQUENCY Channel key enter a numerical frequency using the front panel keypad and complete the entry by selecting a units key like MHz Step 4 Press the SPAN key enter a numerical span using the front panel keypad and press the MHz key to set the measurement span in MHz Step 5 Press the MEASURE to initiate the spectrum measurement which is the default measurement for Basic NOTE A display with both a Spectrum window and an I Q Waveform window will appear when you activate a Spectrum measurement The active window is outlined in green Changes to FREQUENCY Span or Amplitude settings will affect only the active window Use the Next Window key to select a different window and the Zoom key to enlarge a window o 2 E o o 5 7 o z o E The default display shows both Current yellow trace and Average blue trace data To make viewing the display easier you can view either the Current trace or Average separately Press Trace View Trace Display and select the trace s desired for display 102 Chapter 4 Making Measurements Spectrum Frequency Domain Measurements Figure 4 2 Spectrum Measurement Spectrum and I Q Waveform Default View Agilent 06 27 81 18 48 18 Basic Ch Freq 1 00000 GHz Spectrum Freq Domain

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