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1. j USER MANUAL 108 _ Ltd m e T Tee P ann get FIG LO Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 11 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 la 300 A lg 285 A lo 328 A PIG 164 16 PHASE CURRENTS 471128 la 312 A ip 290 A PIG 10D US 2014 0170971 A1 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION TO AND OR OBTAINING INFORMATION FROM A COMPONENT OF AN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BACKGROUND 0001 1 Field 0002 This invention pertains generally to electrical distri bution systems that include components such as without limitation circuit interrupters and more particularly to sys tems and methods for providing information such as without limitation configuration information to components such as a circuit breaker of an electrical distribution system and or for obtaining information such as without limitation con figuration information and or diagnostic information from components such as a circuit breaker of an electrical distri bution system 0003 2 Background Information 0004 Electrical switching apparatus for electrical distri bution systems such as circuit interrupters and in particular circuit breakers of the molded case variety are well known in the art See for example U S Pat No 5 341 191 0005 Circuit breakers are used to protect electrical cir cuitry from damage due to an overcurrent condition such as anoverload condition or a rel2. long delay time LDT short delay pickup SDPU ground fault pickup GFPU and short delay time and ground fault time SDT GFT of electronic trip unit 8 Electronic trip unit 8 also includes a Serial Port Interface SPI 12 and a trip unit status indicator 14 in the form of an LED 0035 In addition circuit interrupter system 2 includes a handheld NFC communications device 16 that is structured to communicate with electronic trip unit 8 using near field com munications NFC as described in more detail herein In this configuration an operator is thus able to 1 establish func tional trip settings for electronic trip unit 8 by inputting the desired settings into a user interface provided on NFC com munications device 16 as an alternative to or replacement of manual switches and transmitting the settings to electronic trip unit 8 over an NFC interface established between NFC communications device 16 and electronic trip unit 8 as described in greater detail elsewhere herein and ii read the current functional trip settings for electronic trip unit 8 and or other information from electronic trip unit 8 e g stored information relating to the operation and or status of circuit interrupter 4 such as cause of trip load voltage and harmon ics information described elsewhere herein using NFC com munications device 16 and the NFC interface between NFC communications device 16 and electronic trip unit 8 as described in greater det
3. 64 each programmed with different configuration information may be provided to a user such as a maintenance person and the user may select one of the configuration card devices 64 to configure circuit interrupter 4 as needed Alternatively a service provider such as the provider of the circuit interrupter 4 may provide a user with an appropriately programmed configuration card device 64 as needed to configure circuit interrupter 4 0052 Moreover the above exemplary embodiments have been described in connection with an electrical distribution system that includes a circuit interrupter wherein configura tion information is provided to and or read from the circuit interrupter using near field communications It will be under stood however that the concepts of the present invention are not limited to circuit interrupters but rather may be employed with other types of electrical distribution systems that include other types electrical devices or components that require con figuration information to be provided to and or read from the electrical device or component For example such electrical devices or components may include without limitation a metering device a monitoring device a control device or any US 2014 0170971 A1 component forming part of a switchgear which as is known is a combination of electrical disconnect switches fuses or circuit breakers used to control protect and isolate electrical equipment 0053 F
4. a certain amount to time priorto the trip 33 The system according to claim 29 wherein the first information includes current information and or voltage information for the circuit interrupter 34 The system according to claim 33 wherein the first information includes one or more current values and or one or more voltage values for the circuit interrupter 35 The system according to claim 34 wherein the first processor apparatus is structured to following generation of the machine readable element sequentially and on a periodic basis generate and cause to be displayed on the first display a plurality of updated machine readable elements that each comprise updated first information in encoded form wherein in each case the updated first information includes one or more updated current values and or one or more updated voltage values for the circuit interrupter 36 The system according to claim 33 wherein the first information includes current waveform information and or voltage waveform information for the circuit interrupter 37 The system according to claim 36 wherein the first processor apparatus is structured to following generation of the machine readable element sequentially and on a periodic basis generate and cause to be displayed on the first display a plurality of updated machine readable elements that each comprise updated first information in encoded form wherein in each case the updated first information includes updat
5. cause the image capture device to capture an image of the machine readable element 11 obtain the first information based on the image and iii cause second information to be displayed on the second dis play based on the obtained first information 30 The system according to claim 29 wherein the machine readable element is a 2D barcode 31 The system according to claim 29 wherein the machine readable element is generated in response to a trip in the circuit interrupter and wherein the first information includes information relating to one or more of 1 a cause of the trip 11 a current flowing in the circuit interrupter prior to the trip 111 configuration settings information for the circuit inter rupter that are relevant to the trip iv service related infor mation that is relevant to the trip and v voltage and or current waveform information for a certain amount to time prior to the trip 32 The system according to claim 31 wherein the second information includes information relating to one or more of 1 the cause of the trip 11 the current flowing in the circuit interrupter prior to the trip 111 configuration settings infor mation for the circuit interrupter that are relevant to the trip iv service documentation for the circuit interrupter and or contact information for a service electrician technician for Jun 19 2014 the circuit interrupter and v voltage and or current wave form information for
6. delay pickup SDPU ground fault pickup GFPU and short delay time and ground fault time SDT GFT of electronic trip unit 8 which are read into micropro cessor 18 as needed by the trip unit program Electronic trip unit 8 also includes a serial port interface SPI 12 coupled to Jun 19 2014 a communication interface 26 which in turn is operatively coupled to microprocessor 18 to allow for serial communica tion with microprocessor 18 0037 Electronic trip unit 8 further includes an NFC trans ceiver chip 28 coupled to an NFC coupling element 30 such as an antenna or coil NFC transceiver chip 28 is an integrated circuit chip that is configured to conduct near field commu nications as described elsewhere herein In the exemplary embodiment NFC transceiver chip 28 includes a wireless controller portion and a non volatile memory portion e g without limitation FRAM and may be for example and without limitation the TRF7970a transceiver chip sold by Texas Instruments Incorporated or the WM710xx transceiver chip sold by Ramtron International Corporation As described elsewhere herein NFC transceiver chip 28 coupled to NFC coupling element 30 allows electronic trip unit 8 to engage in near field communications with NFC communica tions device 16 0038 FIG 3 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of NFC communications device 16 according to the exemplary embodiment NFC communica tions device 16 may b
7. front back top bottom and derivatives thereof relate to the orientation ofthe elements shown in the drawings and are not limiting upon the claims unless expressly recited therein 0030 As employed herein the statement that two or more parts are coupled together shall mean that the parts are joined together either directly or joined through one or more intermediate parts 0031 As employed herein the term number shall mean one or an integer greater than one 1 6 a plurality 0032 As used herein near field communications or NFC shall mean a technique wherein two devices are coupled to one another and wirelessly transfer power and or information within the near field over a short distance such as without limitation about four cm using coupled inductive circuits Near field communications are governed by various standards such as without limitation ISO IEC 18092 ECMA 340 ISO IEC 21481 and ECMA 352 0033 As used herein the term near field shall mean a region that is in proximity to an electromagnetic radiating structure such as an antenna or coil where the electric and magnetic fields do not have a plane wave characteristic but instead vary greatly from one point to another Furthermore the near field can be subdivided into two regions which are commonly known as the reactive near field and the radiating near field The reactive near field is closest to the radiating structure and contains a
8. implementation wherein cause of trip information pre trip power flow infor mation and certain other information is transferred to and displayed on portable computing device 76 In particular in the present example electronic trip unit 8 is be configured to in the event of trip in circuit interrupter 4 create a number 2D barcodes 80 by encoding into barcode form the following information 1 the cause of the trip 11 the values of the current flowing in the three phases of circuit interrupter 4 prior to trip 111 configuration settings information for cir cuit interrupter 4 that are relevant to the trip 1v service related information that is relevant to the trip described in greater detail herein and v voltage and or current wave form information for a certain amount to time e g N sec onds prior to trip Depending on the capacity ofthe particular 2D barcode implementation that is used that information may be encoded in a single 2D barcode 80 or in multiple 2D barcodes 80 Electronic trip unit 8 then causes the 2D barcode or barcodes 80 to be displayed on display 78 In the event multiple 2D barcodes 80 are used the 2D barcodes 80 are displayed in a repeating sequence 0058 Next digital camera 88 of portable computing device 76 is used to capture a digital image of each of the 2D barcodes 80 and the software of portable computing device US 2014 0170971 A1 76 as described herein is then used to decode the info
9. is meant to be exemplary only and that circuit interrupter system 62 may employ more or less than three configuration card devices 64 As used herein the term con figuration card device shall refer to a pocket sized card hav ing a housing made of for example plastic and an embedded integrated circuit Each ofthe configuration card devices 64 is preprogrammed with certain stored configuration informa tion e g predetermined functional trip settings for the cir cuit interrupter 4 and as described in detail below is struc tured to transmit its stored configuration information to electronic trip unit 8 over an NFC interface between the configuration card device 64 and electronic trip unit 8 in order to configure electronic trip unit 8 As seen in FIG 6 in the illustrated embodiment each of the configuration card devices 64A 64B and 64C stores a different set of predeter mined functional trip settings In addition each configuration card device 64 may be labeled with e g printed thereon the predetermined functional trip settings associated therewith and or information identifying the circuit interrupter 4 0048 FIG 7 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of configuration card device 64 labeled 64 1 according to one exemplary embodiment Configura tion card device 64 1 of the present embodiment includes an NFC transceiver chip 66 similar to NFC transceiver chip 28 described herein coupled to an NF
10. may be transmitted to the first near field communica tions chip and or the second information may be received from the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface when the electrical compo nent does not have auxiliary power 15 The method according to claim 14 wherein the method includes transmitting the first information to the first near Jun 19 2014 field communications chip over the near field communica tions interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power and wherein the first information comprises configuration information for the electrical component 16 The method according to claim 15 wherein the elec trical component is a circuit interrupter and wherein the configuration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter 17 The method according to claim 15 wherein the elec trical component is a metering device a monitoring device or a control device 18 The method according to claim 14 wherein the method includes receiving the second information from the first near field communications chip over the near field communica tions interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power and wherein the second information com prises at least one of stored configuration information for the electrical component and diagnostic information relating to the operation and or status of the electrical component 19 The meth
11. which display the phase currents of circuit interrupter 4 on a near real time basis As such portable computing device 76 is able to operate as a near real time meter for circuit interrupter 4 As will be appreciated rather than sequentially encoding and displaying phase current val ues as in the illustrated example other types of information such as phase voltage values and phase current or voltage waveforms may be sequentially encoded and displayed as just described 0060 According to a further particular exemplary embodiment portable computing device 76 may be config ured to transmit the images of the 2D barcodes 80 that it captures to another e g remotely located computer system for further analysis and or storage record keeping Jun 19 2014 0061 In still another particular exemplary embodiment electronic trip unit 8 may be configured to display the 2D barcodes 80 one pixel at a time for capture by digital camera 88 of portable computing device 76 and subsequent decoding thereby In such a configuration the 2D barcodes 80 would in essence be flashed in a sequential pattern that could be cap tured as a movie by portable computing device 76 0062 While specific embodiments of the disclosed con cept have been described in detail it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and alterna tives to those details could be developed in light ofthe overall teachings of the disclosure Acc
12. 2 communications device 16 may also be used to read the current functional trip settings for electronic trip unit 8 in the following manner a so called read procedure First the user brings NFC communications device 16 into close proximity with electronic trip unit 8 In particular NFC communications device 16 is brought close enough to allow for a near field coupling interface to be established between NFC communications device 16 and electronic trip unit 8 e g within 4 cm or less The user then initiates a read procedure using input apparatus 42 e g by pressing a pre determined button In response NFC communications device 16 will cause information including a read request to be transferred to electronic trip unit 8 over an NFC interface between the two devices as described elsewhere herein In response NFC transceiver chip 28 will obtain the current settings of electronic trip unit 8 in the exemplary embodi ment those settings are stored in both the non volatile memory portion of NFC transceiver chip 28 and EEPROM 24 and transfer those settings to NFC communications device 16 over the NFC interface between the two devices as described elsewhere herein The received information may then be displayed to the user using display 34 0043 In one exemplary embodiment the programming and read procedures just described may be performed when auxiliary power is being provided to circuit interrupter 4 In such a case the auxi
13. 92 has a number of routines 94 stored therein that are executable by microprocessor 90 One or more of the routines 94 implement by way of computer processor executable instructions a software application that is configured to decode the 2D barcode 80 to obtain the data encoded therein and display information based on the decoded data on display 84 routines 94 thus comprise a computer program product tangibly embodied on a computer readable medium of the portable computing device 76 Jun 19 2014 0056 As is known in the art when a breaker such as circuit interrupter 4 trips it can be for several reasons Each reason has different implications for the servicing electrician In addition while a breaker such as circuit interrupter 4 is closed pre trip and carrying normal current data about that power flow is valuable for diagnosing other problems Thus communicating reasons for a trip and or data about pre trip power flow can be very helpful to a servicing electrician to enable him or her to quickly find and fix whatever problem exists in the wiring or powered equipment Accordingly in one exemplary embodiment the data that is encoded into 2D barcode 80 for display on display 78 may include one or more ofthe following 1 cause of trip information including one of a Short Delay meaning there was a large overload for a short time probably a piece of equipment is failing b Long Delay meaning there was a small overloa
14. C coupling element 68 similar to NFC coupling element 30 described herein The non volatile memory portion of NFC transceiver chip 28 stores the configuration information associated with configu ration card device 64 1 In addition as seen in FIG 7 con figuration card device 64 1 of the present embodiment does not include an on board power supply and thus configuration card device 64 1 is configured as a passive NFC device Furthermore as described below in this embodiment elec tronic trip unit 8 functions as an active NFC device and provide the power needed by configuration card device 64 1 to configuration card device 64 1 over the NFC interface between the two devices As will be appreciated this requires electronic trip unit 8 and thus circuit interrupter 4 to have auxiliary power 0049 In particular in operation when it is desired to con figure electronic trip unit 8 using the configuration informa tion associated with configuration card device 64 1 the user brings configuration card device 64 1 into close proximity with electronic trip unit 8 Configuration card device 64 1 is brought close enough to allow for a near field coupling inter face to be established between electronic trip unit 8 and configuration card device 64 1 e g within 4 cm or less When this is done the RF near field being radiated by NFC coupling element 30 ofelectronic trip unit 8 will induce a field in NFC coupling element 68 of configuration ca
15. IG 9 is a schematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system 74 according to yet another alternative exemplary embodiment ofthe present invention Circuit interrupter sys tem 74 includes a configurable circuit interrupter 4 and a portable computing device 76 0054 Circuit interrupter 4 is similar to circuit interrupter 4 and includes an operating mechanism 6 as described else where herein Circuit interrupter 4 however includes a modified electronic trip unit 8 that is similar to electronic trip unit 8 in all respects except that it further includes a display device 78 which in the exemplary embodiment is an LCD In one aspect electronic trip unit 8 is structured and configured by way of one or more routines stored in RAM 22 and executable by microprocessor 18 of electronic trip unit 8 to cause display device 78 to display data relating to the opera tion and or status of circuit interrupter 4 in the form of a two dimensional 2D barcode 80 such as without limita tion a standard Datamatrix barcode see FIG 10 that is generated by electronic trip unit 8 As described in more detail below portable computing device 76 is structured to capture an image of 2D barcode 80 decode the 2D barcode 80 to obtain the data encoded therein and display information based on the decoded data in a user friendly format Particular examples of such information being encoded into 2D barcode 80 and subsequently displayed on portable computing dev
16. Jun 19 2014 Sheet 4 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 48 7 A Rcg cu guru AA 2 a 80 50 n S p9 NC TRANSCEIVER UP US 2014 0170971 A1 Jun 19 2014 Sheet 5 of 11 Patent Application Publication 9 Di coe s a ISMI i mE PE i j d ZP T E oe i i i h xu I Ori y 23 fizi 01 fst i i j N IHOHS LYOHS y i bog gsx dod Eur j Wg H mi BA 7 rd ano psi NO B ps Vr C e Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 6 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 TRANSCEIVER 3 OY O F8 Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 7 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 SHORT 20 9 msr apo 8 O j 14 7 SHORT l 4 2724 3 z 5 20 4 3 15 LONG i2 C FIG Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 8 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 FIG 10 INPUT DIGITAL APPARATUS CAMERA Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 9 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 7 Cx BREAKER TRIPPED 1 CAUSE SHORT DELAY la 2 000 A la 5278 A 412 78 CONFIGURATION JA 102 INFORMATION PICKUP gt 6x TIME 120ms CLICK FOR CLICK FOR USER SERVICE 1 106 MANUAL Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 10 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1
17. The system according to claim 9 wherein the electrical component is a circuit interrupter and wherein the configu ration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter 12 The system according to claim 9 wherein the electrical component is a metering device a monitoring device or a control device 13 A method of transferring information in an electrical distribution system having an electrical component having a first near field communications chip coupled to a first near field communications coupling element and an electronic device having a second near field communications chip coupled to a second near field communications coupling ele ment comprising establishing a near field communications interface between the first near field communications coupling element and the second near field communications cou pling element and performing at least one of 1 transmitting first information to the first near field communications chip overthe near field communications interface and i1 receiving sec ond information from the first near field communica tions chip over the near field communications interface 14 The method according to claim 13 wherein the elec tronic device is a portable handheld electronic device having a power supply wherein the method includes providing power to the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface such that the first infor mation
18. US 20140170971A1 as United States a2 Patent Application Publication Pub No US 2014 0170971 WALSH et al 43 Pub Date Jun 19 2014 54 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROVIDING 52 U S CL INFORMATION TO AND OR OBTAINING CPC H04B 5 0031 2013 01 G06K 7 10544 INFORMATION FROM A COMPONENT OF 2013 01 AN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM USPC aie 455 41 1 235 454 235 462 11 71 Applicant AR HE Cleveland 57 ABSTRACT 72 Inventors PATRICK T WALSH Coraopolis PA Anelectrical distribution system wherein information is com US Deborah K MORT Cora opoli 3 municated to and or from an electrical component of the PA US David R ROHN Venetia PA electrical distribution system using near field communica US I I tions The information may be communicated to and or from the electrical component using an electronic device such as a 73 Assignee EATON CORPORATION Cleveland dedicated near field device a smartphone or a configuration OH US card device Also a method of obtaining information from an electrical component of an electrical distribution system 21 Appl No 13 719 477 such as a circuit interrupter includes generating a machine 2 Filed Dec 19 2012 readable element that comprises first information in encoded e form the first information relating to the operation and or Publication Classification status of the circuit interrupter displaying the machine read able element on the circuit in
19. ail elsewhere herein 0036 FIG 2 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of electronic trip unit 8 according to the exemplary embodiment As seen in FIG 2 electronic trip unit 8 includes a microprocessor uP 18 which controls the opera tion of electronic trip unit 8 Alternatively microprocessor 18 may be another type of processing or control unit such as without limitation a microcontroller or some other suitable processing device Electronic trip unit 8 further includes an analog to digital converter ADC 20 a random access memory RAM 22 and an EEPROM 24 each of which is coupled to microprocessor 18 ADC 18 is structured to receive signals such as a number of current signals indicat ing the current of each phase of the system to which circuit interrupter 4 is connected that are sensed by sensors not shown e g a number of current transformers or Rogowski coils forming part of circuit interrupter 4 and convert those signals to digital data that is appropriate for microprocessor 18 As will be appreciated that data may be stored in RAM 22 and or used by the trip unit program implemented in micro processor 18 in determining whether and when to issue a trip signal for tripping operating mechanism 6 In addition in the exemplary embodiment EEPROM 24 stores in nonvolatile memory the functional trip settings such as for example and without limitation long delay pickup Ir long delay time LDT short
20. ation and or voltage waveform information for the circuit interrupter 47 The method according to claim 46 further comprising following the generating of the machine readable element sequentially and on a periodic basis generating and display ing on the circuit interrupter a plurality of updated machine readable elements that each comprise updated first informa tion in encoded form wherein in each case the updated first information includes updated current waveform information and or updated voltage waveform information for the circuit interrupter
21. atively high level short circuit or fault condition Molded case circuit breakers typically include separable contacts which may be operated either manually by way of a handle disposed on the outside of the case or automatically in response to an overcurrent condition Typically such circuit breakers include 1 an operating mechanism which is designed to rapidly open and close the separable contacts and ii a trip unit which senses overcur rent conditions in an automatic mode of operation Upon sensing an overcurrent condition the trip unit trips the oper ating mechanism to a trip state which moves the separable contacts to their open position 0006 Industrial circuit breakers often use a circuit breaker frame which houses a trip unit See for example U S Pat Nos 5 910 760 and 6 144 271 The trip unit may be modular and may be replaced in order to alter the electrical properties of the circuit breaker 0007 Itis well known to employ trip units which utilize a microprocessor to detect various types of overcurrent trip conditions and to provide various protection functions such as for example a long delay trip a short delay trip an instantaneous trip and or a ground fault trip The long delay trip function protects the load served by the protected elec trical system from overloads and or overcurrents The short delay trip function can be used to coordinate tripping of downstream circuit breakers in a hierarchy of circuit brea
22. d for a long time probably too much equipment on that circuit c Ground Fault meaning somewhere current is flowing to ground caus ing a dangerous situation and d Instantaneous meaning a catastrophic event usually a direct short in the wires has occurred 2 load information including the actual values of the current flowing in the three phases of the breaker such as circuit interrupter 4 for a certain amount to time e g N seconds prior to trip for example if the breaker is feeding a three phase motor the phases should all be roughly equal if one phase is off that might indicate that something is wrong with the motor such that it will probably fail burn out the windings or be unable to deliver the shaft power needed 3 voltage information including the actual measurement of phase to phase voltages for a certain amount to time prior to trip much like current an imbalance indicates problems in the connected devices such as without limitation an upstream transformer that is failing or a downstream load that is bad and 4 harmonics information all electrical devices emit a certain amount of energy across the spectrum exces sive levels can cause interference in other devices harmonics information can be used as a diagnostic to fix those interfer ence problems 0057 FIGS 12 15 illustrate operation of circuit inter rupter system 74 according to an exemplary embodiment using one particular non limiting example
23. e a device dedicated to the function of engaging in near field communications with electronic trip unit 8 as described herein or alternatively may be an elec tronic device such as smartphone having more general pur pose capabilities e g phone or Internet browsing function ality that also has near field communications capabilities that are specifically adapted e g through software for engaging in near field communications with electronic trip unit 8 as described herein 0039 As seen in FIG 3 NFC communications device 16 includes an input apparatus 32 e g without limitation a keyboard a keypad or a touch screen a display 34 e g without limitation an LCD a processor apparatus 36 and a power supply 38 e g without limitation a rechargeable battery A user is able to provide input into processor appa ratus 36 using input apparatus 32 and processor apparatus 36 provides output signals to display 34 to enable display 34 to display information to the user NFC communications device 16 further includes an NFC transceiver chip 40 similar to NFC transceiver chip 28 described herein coupled to an NFC coupling element 42 similar to NFC coupling element 30 described herein NFC transceiver chip 40 coupled to NFC coupling element 42 is structured to enable NFC communi cations device 16 to engage in near field communications with electronic trip unit 8 through coupling interaction with NFC transceiver chip 28 and NFC cou
24. ed current waveform information and or updated voltage wave form information for the circuit interrupter 38 A method of obtaining information from an electrical component of an electrical distribution system comprising generating a machine readable element that comprises first information in encoded form the first information relat ing to the operation and or status of the electrical com ponent displaying the machine readable element on the electrical component capturing an image of the machine readable element obtaining the first information based on the image and displaying second information based on the obtained first information 39 The method according to claim 38 wherein the machine readable element is a 2D barcode 40 The method according to claim 38 wherein the elec trical component is a circuit interrupter 41 The method according to claim 40 wherein the gener ating is performed in response to a trip in the circuit inter rupter and wherein the first information includes information relating to one or more of 1 a cause of the trip 11 a current flowing in the circuit interrupter prior to the trip 111 configu ration settings information for the circuit interrupter that are relevant to the trip iv service related information that is relevant to the trip and v voltage and or current waveform information for a certain amount to time prior to the trip 42 The method according to claim 41 wherei
25. er a near field communications inter face established between the first near field communications coupling element and the second near field communications coupling element 0012 In another embodiment a method of transferring information in an electrical distribution system having an electrical component having a first near field communica tions chip coupled to a first near field communications cou pling element and an electronic device having a second near field communications chip coupled to a second near field communications coupling element is provided The method includes establishing a near field communications interface between the first near field communications coupling ele ment and the second near field communications coupling element and performing at least one of 1 transmitting first information to the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface and 11 receiving second information from the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface 0013 Inyetanother embodiment a method of configuring an electrical component having a first near field communica tions chip coupled to a first near field communications cou pling element includes providing a configuration card device 64 having a second near field communications chip coupled to a second near field communications coupling element the configuration card device storing configuration information fo
26. for circuit interrupter 4 which when selected will cause that contact information to be displayed on display 84 Referring again to FIG 12 when button 100 is selected a screen 110 shown in FIG 15 is provided on display 84 Screen 110 includes voltage waveforms for circuit interrupter 4 for a certain amount to time e g N seconds prior to trip 0059 FIGS 16A 16B illustrate operation of circuit inter rupter system 74 according to an alternative exemplary embodiment wherein current and or voltage information for the three phases of circuit interrupter 4 is transferred to and displayed on portable computing device 76 in near real time In particular in this embodiment electronic trip unit 8 is configured to repeatedly and periodically e g without limi tation once every second create a 2D barcode 80 that has encoded therein the then current phase current values and or phase voltage values for circuit interrupter 4 In the illustrated example phase current values are employed Each 2D bar code 80 is displayed on display 78 until it is replaced with the next updated 2D barcode 80 and so on Thus someone such as a service technician or electrician can use digital camera 88 of portable computing device 76 to capture a digital image of each ofthe 2D barcodes 80 as they are sequentially generated The captured images may then be sequentially decoded and used to create sequential screens 112 shown in FIGS 16A and 16B and so on
27. ice 76 are provided elsewhere herein following the description of the exemplary portable computing device 76 0055 An exemplary portable computing device 76 that may be used in circuit interrupter system 74 is depicted gen erally in FIG 9 and schematically in FIG 11 The exemplary portable computing device 76 may be for example and with out limitation a smartphone a tablet PC or a laptop or notebook PC As seen in FIGS 9 and or 11 portable com puting device 76 includes an input apparatus 82 e g a key board a keypad a touch screen or some combination thereof a display 84 a processor apparatus 86 and a digital camera 88 including an image capture device such as a CCD A useris ableto provide input into processor apparatus 86 using input apparatus 82 and processor apparatus 86 provides output signals to display 84 to enable display 84 to display information to the user as described in detail herein Processor apparatus 86 comprises a microprocessor uP 90 or other suitable processing device and a memory 92 that interfaces with microprocessor 90 Memory 92 can be any one or more of a variety of types of internal and or external storage media such as without limitation RAM ROM EPROM s EEPROM s FLASH and the like that provide a storage register i e a machine readable medium for data storage such as in the fashion of an internal storage area of a computer and can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory Memory
28. iguration information for the electrical component and selecting the configuration card device from a group consisting of the configuration card device and each ofthe additional configuration card devices 27 The method according to claim 25 wherein the con figuration card device includes a power supply selectively connectable to the second near field communications chip wherein the method includes providing power to the first near field communications chip over the near field commu nications interface such that the transmitting step is per formed when the electrical component does not have auxil jary power 28 The method according to claim 25 wherein the elec trical component is a circuit interrupter 4 and wherein the configuration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter 29 A circuit interrupter system comprising a circuit interrupter the circuit interrupter having a first processor apparatus and a first display the first processor apparatus being structured to 1 generate a machine readable element that comprises first information in encoded form the first information relating to the opera tion and or status ofthe circuit interrupter and ii cause the machine readable element to be displayed on the first display and a portable computing device having a second processor apparatus a second display and an image capture device the second processor apparatus being structured to 1
29. interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power 3 The system according to claim 2 wherein the electronic device is structured to transmit the first information to the first near field communications chip over the near field commu nications interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power and wherein the first information com prises configuration information for the electrical compo nent 4 The system according to claim 3 wherein the electrical component is a circuit interrupter and wherein the configu ration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter 5 he system according to claim 3 wherein the electrical component is a metering device a monitoring device or a control device 6 The system according to claim 2 wherein the electronic device is structured to receive the second information from the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power and wherein the second infor mation comprises at least one of stored configuration infor mation for the electrical component and diagnostic informa tion relating to the operation and or status of the electrical component US 2014 0170971 A1 7 The system according to claim 6 wherein the electrical component is a circuit interrupter wherein the stored con figuration information comprises functional trip settings f
30. ions chip over the near field communications interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power 23 The method according to claim 22 wherein the elec trical component is a circuit interrupter and wherein the configuration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter 24 The method according to claim 22 wherein the elec trical component is a metering device a monitoring device or a control device 25 A method of configuring an electrical component hav ing a first near field communications chip coupled to a first near field communications coupling element providing a configuration card device having a second near field communications chip coupled to a second near field communications coupling element the con figuration card device storing configuration information for the electrical component US 2014 0170971 A1 establishing a near field communications interface between the first near field communications coupling element and the second near field communications cou pling element transmitting the configuration information from the con figuration card device to the first near field communica tions chip over the near field communications interface and configuring the electrical component based on the configu ration information 26 The method according to claim 25 further comprising providing a number of additional configuration card devices each storing additional conf
31. ith like reference numerals As seen in FIG 4 circuit interrupter system 2 further includes NFC metering module 48 that is operatively coupled to circuit interrupter 4 In the exemplary embodiment NFC metering module 48 is a device configured to measure phase current and voltage information of circuit interrupter 4 and or calculate power and energy information of circuit interrupter 4 and to communicate such information to a local network or the Internet NFC metering module 48 is thus similar in operation to the PM3 Meter and Communications Module sold by the assignee ofthe present invention However in the exemplary embodiment NFC metering module 48 receives the phase current and voltage information and possibly other information from electronic trip unit 8 over an NFC interface between electronic trip unit 8 and NFC metering module 48 rather than through a hard wired connection In particular as shown schematically in FIG 5 NFC metering module 48 includes a processor apparatus 50 including a microproces sor uP 52 or other suitable processing device and a memory 54 that interfaces with microprocessor 52 a power supply 56 e g without limitation a rechargeable battery and an NFC transceiver chip 58 similar to NFC transceiver chip 28 described herein coupled to an NFC coupling ele ment 60 similar to NFC coupling element 30 described herein NFC transceiver chip 58 coupled to NFC coupling element 60 is structured to enab
32. kers The instantaneous trip function protects the electrical con ductors to which the circuit breaker is connected from dam aging overcurrent conditions such as short circuits As implied the ground fault trip function protects the electrical system from faults to ground 0008 Each circuit breaker is designed for a specific maxi mum continuous current This current rating may be set by a suitable selection mechanism such as by a rotary switch or by selection of a resistor e g a rating plug which converts a current to a voltage for use by the trip unit In some instances a single circuit breaker frame may be easily adapted for installations which call for a range of maximum continuous currents up to the design limits ofthe frame through use of the selection mechanism by which the current rating of the Jun 19 2014 device can be established Typically the pick up currents for the various protection functions have been selectable mul tiples or fractions of this current rating Thus instantaneous protection trips the device any time the current reaches a selected multiple of the rated current such as for example ten times the rated current Pick up for short delay protection is a multiple of the rated current while pick up current for long delay protection may be a fraction of the rated current Typically the short delay trip is only generated when the short delay pick up current is exceeded for a short delay time inter
33. le NFC metering module 48 to engage in near field communications with electronic trip unit 8 through coupling interaction with NFC transceiver chip 28 and NFC coupling element 30 as described in more detail elsewhere herein in order to wirelessly receive the phase current and voltage information and possibly other informa tion from electronic trip unit 8 The phase current and voltage information and or power and energy information calculated by microprocessor 52 may then be communicated by NFC metering module 48 using an appropriate communications gateway in a known manner 0046 In one particular embodiment the phase current and voltage information and or power and energy information and possibly other information may be communicated by NFC metering module 48 to NFC communications device 16 over an NFC interface between the two devices as described elsewhere herein The received information may then be dis played to the user using display 34 US 2014 0170971 A1 0047 FIG 6isaschematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system 62 according to another alternative exemplary embodiment ofthe present invention Circuit interrupter sys tem 62 includes a configurable circuit interrupter 4 as described elsewhere herein and a number of configuration card devices 64 In the illustrated embodiment three configu ration card devices 64 labeled 64A 64B and 64C are shown It will be understood however that three configuration card devices 64
34. liary power is available for providing power to each of the components of electronic trip unit 8 0044 In another exemplary embodiment the program ming and read procedures just described may also be per Jun 19 2014 formed when auxiliary power is not being provided to circuit interrupter 4 In such as case NFC transceiver chip 28 of electronic trip unit 8 is configured as a passive device In such a configuration NFC transceiver chip 28 derives the power it needs for operation from the field that is radiated by NFC coupling element 42 and induced in NFC coupling element 30 As will be appreciated this capability may be particularly advantageous in a situation wherein a number of circuit inter rupters 4 need to be commissioned in an environment such as in a new building where power is not available to the envi ronment e g the new building has not yet been energized Since each ofthe circuit interrupters 4 can be fully configured with trip settings as just described without the need for aux iliary power the environment can be fully commissioned for example at the time ofinitial installation and ready for opera tion when the power does becomes available 0045 FIG 4is a schematic diagram of a circuit interrupter system 2 according to an alternative exemplary embodiment ofthe present invention Circuit interrupter system 2 includes many ofthe same components as circuit interrupter system 2 and like components are labeled w
35. lmost all ofthe stored energy whereas the radiating near field is where the radiation field is domi nant over the reactive field but does not possess plane wave characteristics and is complicated in structure This is in contrast to the far field which is generally defined as the region where the electromagnetic field has a plane wave char acteristic i e it has a uniform distribution of the electric and magnetic field strength in planes transverse to the direction of propagation 0034 FIG 1is a schematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Circuit interrupter system 2 includes a configurable circuit interrupter 4 in the illustrated non lim iting embodiment configurable circuit interrupter 4 is a molded case circuit breaker having an operating mechanism 6 configured to rapidly open and close the separable contacts US 2014 0170971 A1 ofcircuit interrupter 4 and an electronic trip unit 8 operatively coupled to operating mechanism 6 which in an automatic mode of operation is structured to sense overcurrent condi tions and in response thereto move operating mechanism 6 to a state wherein the separable contacts of circuit interrupter 4 are open As seen in FIG 1 in the illustrated embodiment electronic trip unit 8 includes a number of adjustable switches 10 for varying the functional trip settings such as for example and without limitation long delay pickup Ir
36. n the second information includes information relating to one or more of 1 the cause of the trip 11 the current flowing in the circuit interrupter prior to the trip 111 configuration settings infor mation for the circuit interrupter that are relevant to the trip iv service documentation for the circuit interrupter and or contact information for a service electrician technician for the circuit interrupter and v voltage and or current wave form information for a certain amount to time priorto the trip US 2014 0170971 A1 Jun 19 2014 10 43 The method according to claim 40 wherein the first information includes current information and or voltage information for the circuit interrupter 44 The method according to claim 43 wherein the first information includes one or more current values and or one or more voltage values for the circuit interrupter 45 The method according to claim 44 further comprising following the generating of the machine readable element sequentially and on a periodic basis generating and display ing on the circuit interrupter a plurality of updated machine readable elements that each comprise updated first informa tion in encoded form wherein in each case the updated first information includes one or more updated current values and or one or more updated voltage values for the circuit interrupter 46 The method according to claim 43 wherein the first information includes current waveform inform
37. od according to claim 18 wherein the elec trical component is a circuit interrupter wherein the stored configuration information comprises functional trip settings for the circuit interrupter and wherein the diagnostic infor mation comprises at least one of a cause of trip pre trip current information pre trip voltage information and har monics information 20 The method according to claim 13 wherein the elec tronic device is a metering module wherein the method includes receiving the second information from the first near field communications chip over the near field communica tions interface and wherein the metering module is structured to calculate power or energy information 21 The method according to claim 13 wherein the elec tronic device is a configuration card device storing the first information the first information being configuration infor mation for the electrical component wherein the method includes transmitting the first information to the first near field communications chip over the near field communica tions interface 22 The method according to claim 21 wherein the con figuration card device includes a power supply selectively connectable to the second near field communications chip wherein the method includes providing power to the first near field communications chip over the near field commu nications interface such that the first information may be transmitted to the first near field communicat
38. or the circuit interrupter and wherein the diagnostic information comprises at least one of a cause of trip pre trip current information pre trip voltage information and harmonics information 8 The system according to claim 1 wherein the electronic device is a metering module wherein the metering module is structured to receive the second information from the first near field communications chip over the near field commu nications interface and wherein the metering module is struc tured to calculate power or energy information 9 The system according to claim 1 wherein the electronic device is a configuration card device storing the first infor mation the first information being configuration information for the electrical component wherein the electronic device is structured to transmit the first information to the first near field communications chip over the near field communica tions interface 10 The system according to claim 9 wherein the configu ration card device includes a power supply selectively con nectable to the second near field communications chip wherein the configuration card device is structured to provide power to the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface such that the first infor mation may be transmitted to the first near field communica tions chip over the near field communications interface when the electrical component does not have auxiliary power 11
39. ordingly the particular arrangements disclosed are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting as to the scope of the disclosed concept which is to be given the full breadth of the claims appended and any and all equivalents thereof What is claimed is 1 An electrical distribution system comprising an electrical component having a first near field commu nications chip coupled to a first near field communica tions coupling element and an electronic device having a second near field communi cations chip coupled to a second near field communica tions coupling element wherein the electronic device is structured to transmit first information to the first near field communications chip and or receive second infor mation from the first near field communications chip over a near field communications interface established between the first near field communications coupling element and the second near field communications cou pling element 2 The system according to claim 1 wherein the electronic device is a portable handheld electronic device having a power supply wherein the electronic device is structured to provide power to the first near field communications chip over the near field communications interface such that the first information may be transmitted to the first near field communications chip and or the second information may be received from the first near field communications chip over the near field communications
40. pling element 30 as described in more detail elsewhere herein 0040 Processor apparatus 36 comprises a microprocessor uP 44 or other suitable processing device and a memory 46 that interfaces with microprocessor 44 Memory 46 can be any one or more of a variety of types of internal and or external storage media such as without limitation RAM ROM EPROM s EEPROM s FLASH and the like that provide a storage register i e a machine readable medium for data storage such as in the fashion of an internal storage area ofa computer and can be volatile memory or nonvolatile memory Memory 46 has a number of routines stored therein that are executable by microprocessor 44 One or more of the routines implement by way of computer processor execut able instructions a software application system that is con figured to among other things enable a user to set monitor US 2014 0170971 A1 display and or change conditions parameters settings and or events within circuit interrupter 4 using near field communi cations as described herein 0041 In operation NFC communications device 16 may be used to configure circuit interrupter 4 by establishing func tional trip settings for electronic trip unit 8 in the following manner a so called programming procedure First using input apparatus 42 a user inputs the desired settings into NFC communications device 16 Those settings are stored in memory 46 The user then brings NFC comm
41. r the electrical component establishing a near field com US 2014 0170971 A1 munications interface between the first near field communi cations coupling element and the second near field commu nications coupling element transmitting the configuration information from the configuration card device to the first near field communications chip over the near field commu nications interface and configuring the electrical component based on the configuration information 0014 In still another embodiment a circuit interrupter system is provided that includes a circuit interrupter the circuit interrupter having a first processor apparatus and a first display the first processor apparatus being structured to 1 generate a machine readable element that comprises first information in encoded form the first information relating to the operation and or status of the circuit interrupter and 11 cause the machine readable element to be displayed on the first display anda portable computing device having a second processor apparatus a second display and an image capture device the second processor apparatus being structured to 1 cause the image capture device to capture an image of the machine readable element ii obtain the first information based on the image and iii cause second information to be displayed on the second display based on the obtained first information 0015 In yet another embodiment a method of obtaining informa
42. rd device 64 1 which is used to provide power to NFC transceiver chip 66 In response NEC transceiver chip 66 will cause the stored configuration information to be transferred to electronic trip unit 8 over the NFC interface between the two devices In particular NFC transceiver chip 66 will cause NFC coupling element 68 to radiate an RF near field in a manner wherein the Jun 19 2014 information to be transferred the configuration information e g the functional trip settings is embedded e g via modu lation in the radiated near field That radiated near field will induce a field in NFC coupling element 30 of electronic trip unit 8 which is within the radiated near field The induced field is provided to NFC transceiver chip 28 which converts it back into digital information i e functional trip settings that may be used by microprocessor 18 The transferred func tional trip settings are stored in the non volatile memory portion of NFC transceiver chip 28 and in the exemplary embodiment in EEPROM 24 foruse by microprocessor 18 as described elsewhere herein 1 6 by the trip unit program In the exemplary embodiment feedback e g in the form of a blinking LED or some other suitable form is provided to the user when the configuration steps as just described have been successfully completed 0050 FIG 8 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of configuration card device 64 labeled 64 2 according
43. rmation contained in each of the 2D barcodes 80 Once decoded that information may be displayed to the user on display 84 of portable computing device 76 In particular in the present example referring to FIG 12 a screen 96 is provided on display 84 Screen 96 includes the cause of the trip Short Delay in the present example and the values of the current flowing in the three phases of circuit interrupter 4 just prior to trip 1 2 000 A I 5 278 A and 1 3 175 A in the present example Screen 96 also includes buttons 98 and 100 which may be clicked selected in order to cause additional infor mation to be displayed on display 84 Specifically as seen in FIG 13 when button 98 is selected a screen 102 is provided on display 84 Screen 102 includes the configuration settings for circuit interrupter 4 that are relevant to the Short Delay trip Screen 102 also includes buttons 104 and 106 which may be clicked selected in order to cause additional information to be displayed on display 84 In particular as seen in FIG 13 button 104 includes a link e g URL to the user manual or a troubleshooting guide for circuit interrupter 4 When button 104 is selected a pdf of the user manual troubleshooting guide is obtained e g from a remote sever and is displayed on a screen 108 on display 84 as shown in FIG 14 In addi tion in the present example button 106 includes a link to contact information for a service electrician or the like
44. showing certain selected components of an NFC metering module forming part of the system of FIG 4 according to an exemplary embodiment 0022 FIG 6is a schematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system according to another alternative exemplary embodi ment of the present invention 0023 FIG 7 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of a configuration card device forming part of the system of FIG 6 according to an exemplary embodiment Jun 19 2014 0024 FIG 8 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of a configuration card device forming part of the system of FIG 6 according to another exemplary embodiment 0025 FIG 9 is a schematic diagram of a circuit interrupter system according to another alternative exemplary embodi ment of the present invention 0026 FIG 10 is a schematic diagram showing a two dimensional 2D barcode display on a display device of a circuit interrupter of the system of FIG 9 according to an exemplary embodiment 0027 FIG 11 is a schematic diagram of a portable com puting device forming part of the system of FIG 9 according to an exemplary embodiment and 0028 FIGS 12 16B are top plan views of the portable computing device of FIGS 10 and 11 showing a number of different screens thereof according to various exemplary embodiments DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS 0029 Directional phrases used herein such as for example left right
45. terrupter capturing an image of 51 Int CI the machine readable element obtaining the first information H04B 5 00 2006 01 based on the image and displaying second information based G06K 7 10 2006 01 on the obtained first information 3 N i x EA x yi x x X HANDHELD NFC COMMUNICATIONS 222 4 DEVICE jag ou EAN mv N 8 O MEM DE 4 nl aie A Sy 4 O AN O Ny 8x78 amp US 2014 0170971 A1 Jun 19 2014 Sheet 1 of 11 Patent Application Publication Lp O Fi i DW d o f ego c ke E rb t y ozi 2 5 g 217 01 330 i isous JMOH ONOI ar Ne gt l i PO JOAN SNOUVOINAAROS JJN CISHONYH Patent Application Publication Jun 19 2014 Sheet 2 of 11 US 2014 0170971 A1 8 SENSED TRIP CURRENT STATUS SIGNAL 20 TRANSCEIVER CHIP 7 ADJUSTABLE SWITCHES TRANSCEIVER CHP FIG 3 gt A A US 2014 0170971 A1 Jun 19 2014 Sheet 3 of 11 Patent Application Publication THO ONILJA T 9 Cm pu Y p n Cp H lt A I p 743 t ES z 9 7 giz ad ANOHS ONOT 5 J F ld UH Z p JOGO rida SNOILVOINAINNOD cere N Patent Application Publication
46. tion from an electrical component of an electrical distribution system such as a circuit interrupter includes generating a machine readable element that comprises first information in encoded form the first information relating to the operation and or status of the circuit interrupter display ing the machine readable element on the circuit interrupter capturing an image of the machine readable element obtain ing the first information based on the image and displaying second information based on the obtained first information BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 0016 A full understanding ofthe disclosed concept can be gained from the following description of the preferred embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompany ing drawings in which 0017 FIG 1 is a schematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system according to an exemplary embodiment ofthe present invention 0018 FIG 2 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of an electronic trip unit forming part of a circuit interrupter of the system of FIG 2 according to an exemplary embodiment 0019 FIG 3 is a schematic diagram showing certain selected components of an NFC communications device forming part of the system of FIG 2 according to an exem plary embodiment 0020 FIG 4 is a schematic diagram ofa circuit interrupter system according to an alternative exemplary embodiment of the present invention 0021 FIG 5 is a schematic diagram
47. to an alternative exemplary embodiment Configuration card device 64 2 of this embodiment includes an NFC transceiver chip 66 coupled to an NFC coupling element 68 as described above The non volatile memory portion of NFC transceiver chip 28 stores the configuration information associated with configuration card device 64 2 In addition as seen in FIG 8 configuration card device 64 2 ofthe present embodiment includes an on board power sup ply in the form of a battery 70 that is selectively coupled to NFC transceiver chip 66 by a manually operated switch 72 Thus configuration card device 64 2 is configured to operate as an active NFC device with power being provided to NFC transceiver chip 66 via actuation of switch 72 As a result in this embodiment it is not necessary for electronic trip unit 8 and thus circuit interrupter 4 to have auxiliary power in order for the configuration information associated with configura tion card device 64 2 to be transferred to electronic trip unit 8 over the NFC interface Instead power for NFC transceiver chip 28 of electronic trip unit 8 will be transferred thereto along with the stored configuration information over the NFC interface when configuration card device 64 2 is brought into proximity with electronic trip unit 8 and switch 72 is actuated 0051 Thus in circuit interrupter system 62 employing either configuration card devices 64 1 or 64 2 a number of different configuration card devices
48. unications device 16 into close proximity with electronic trip unit 8 In particular NFC communications device 16 is brought close enough to allow for a near field coupling interface to be established between NFC communications device 16 and electronic trip unit 8 e g within 4 cm or less The user then initiates a programming procedure using input apparatus 42 e g by pressing a predetermined button In response NFC communications device 16 will cause information including the stored functional trip settings to be transferred to elec tronic trip unit 8 over an NFC interface between the two devices In particular NFC transceiver chip 40 will cause NFC coupling element 42 to radiate an RF near field in a manner wherein the information to be transferred the func tional trip settings is embedded e g via modulation in the radiated near field That radiated near field will induce a field in NFC coupling element 30 of electronic trip unit 8 which is within the radiated near field The induced field is provided to NFC transceiver chip 28 which converts it back into digital information e g functional trip settings that may be used by microprocessor 18 The transferred functional trip settings are stored in the non volatile memory portion of NFC trans ceiver chip 28 and in the exemplary embodiment in EEPROM 24 at the appropriate time for use by microproces sor 18 as described elsewhere herein i e by the trip unit program 004
49. val although in some applications an inverse time func tion is also used for short delay protection 0009 Currently many electronic trip units use adjustable e g without limitation rotary switches to vary functional trip settings such as for example and without limitation long delay pickup Ir long delay time LDT short delay pickup SDPU ground fault pickup GFPU and short delay time and ground fault time SDT GFT The adjustable switches are typically labeled on a per unit basis and are common to all current sensor e g current transformer types 0010 There is room for improvement in electrical distri bution systems that include components such as without limitation circuit interrupters and in particular in the area of providing information to and or obtaining information from components of an electrical distribution system such as a circuit breaker SUMMARY 0011 In one embodiment an electrical distribution sys tem is provided that includes an electrical component having a first near field communications chip coupled to a first near field communications coupling element and an electronic device having a second near field communications chip coupled to a second near field communications coupling ele ment wherein the electronic device is structured to transmit first information to the first near field communications chip and or receive second information from the first near field communications chip ov
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