Share Jar: Integrating Charity
Contents
1. TUTE We LIF File Options Setup Acquisition View Help G amp vun 3E T le Ik e S o Buffer Position SE SELLER Sample Rate 50MHz Logic Threshold 1 50 Pre Trigger Buffer 50 Measurement Source CKI D E D D 4 Signal v Wie Pattem Edge Cursor Status Serial DO 1 x Hi 1 0 1 Al 03 1 2 02 1 Figure 14 An 8 pulse clock cycle used for loading data to each segment of one display 26 F Options gt m View He T 3e Ji QQ Eurer Tehon ___ _ ____ _ ttt ____ _ ___ Setup Acquisiti Signal Serial Data DO L 0 Al A2 Sample Rate 50MHz Logic Threshold X 1 50v Pre Triager Buffer 50 Measurement A Source D D Wire Wire Pattern Edge ID Status Cursor 01 D4 L 03 L p2 XXX xx Figure 15 The loading ofa value corresponding to the digit 5 Arduino Microcontroller and RFID Reader The Arduino microcontroller allowed us to capture serial and clock data from the coin sorter s display Appendix Read Serial Data shows how serial data was read using the Arduino s SPI capabilities By setting our clock signal as an interrupt each clock pulse would trigger the reading of the serial data pro2. 8 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS nro va a Ska no FECE Ra ca 10 USER INTERFACE can oci doct urea cp dcc dtr dct d E e ree ug va 10 Hat Wwrei iuc rta Lt ca p ced e uec uda Duc sia a aree 10 SOfLW Ye 11 MANTENAN 12 Hardware o TU REPRE GR za 12 Yom MT 13 PRELIMINARY PROPOSED DESIGN eere errem nnnm nna nnne nnn annum ua sona aa 15 5 A ca ru eve __ D 15 AE E A 16 oU 18 uvccauarens 18 eT dure 19 CONNECTION iiec ta a metu rec ccu D dr pd ba a ER ck d t Dd TRE ud Cad ieee 19 CONNECTION TO NETWORK E aa etai icio Iran da A er ar Rr Md dead la a Ra ina a d auk ataca 20 m 21 ou ELE 22 CHANGES IN DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS nnnm nna aa tuae annua 22 FINAL DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION ener nnn nnnm nn sunu 23 SYSTEM OVERVIEW acre a ttal crise oe eor e de a a va sr 23 1s bs O VL 24 Coin Sorter and Display Units itta ttt ttti attt htt hats 25 Arduino Microcontroller and RFID Reader iecessssessssesssssssessesnssssss
3. We are attempting to provide charities with 10096 of donations From the users pocket to the charities account no funds will be deducted Also our system will be compatible with any charity that is web accessible and certified This will allow local charities as well as small non profit organizations to receive greater advertisement support and funding While our system will only register credible charities at its inception Cross we hope to extend the opportunity to register to anyone who chooses once proper security measures have been taken A possible People section may be created to sponsor homeless individuals living in a user s local area This will allow people to impact individuals as opposed to corporations if they empathize more with personal giving Similar Charities The charity that is most similar to our own is the Salvation Army Their yearly efforts to collect spare change from pedestrians is what our organization hopes to do with a mass distributed electronic platform that gives donators greater control over the charities they fund The Salvation Army employees bring back the red bins to a central location and sort out bills from change Both types of currency are sorted with industrial machines and the funds are then deposited in the company s bank account Percentages of the collected amount are distributed among the central corporation and the specific branch responsible for collecting the funds Removing collection
4. Stern Ken Why the Rich Don t Give to Charity The Atlantic Atlantic Media Company 20 Mar 2013 Web 13 June 2014 http www theatlantic com magazine archive 2013 04 why the rich dont give 309254 gt 47 Appendix include pins arduino h include lt Ethernet h gt include lt SPI h gt include lt SoftwareSerial h gt define RFID_READ 0x01 define txPin 6 define rxPin 8 what to do with incoming data byte command 0 Display pins int aOpin AO int alpin A1 int 2 A2 byte fullData 20 volatile int i lt 0 void setup void Serial begin 9600 have to send on master in slave pinMode MOSI INPUT SPI setDataMode SPI MODE3 digitalWrite SS LOW turn on SPI in slave mode SPCR BV SPE turn on interrupts SPCR BV SPIE end of setup SPI interrupt routine ISR SPI STC vect 48 byte c SPDR if i 20 fullData i 7 c itt j end of interrupt service routine ISR SPI STC vect void loop void for int j 0 j lt 20 j Serial println fullDatalj Serial println if SPI not active clear current command if digitalRead 55 lt lt HIGH command 0 end of loop byte high B11111111 byte zero B11000000 byte one B11111001 byte two B10100100 byte three B10110000 byte four B10011001 byte five B10010010 byte six B10000010 byte seven B11111000 byte
5. agents from the equation our process will be much more effective allowing us to manufacture multiple units for a fraction of the cost of paid employees Also users will be able to choose the organizations they wish to donate too Salvation Army included and have greater control over their donation The second charity that is similar does not collect change but asks for donations when monetary exchanges are made in stores and facilities UNICEF has specific tickets that they supply vendors with to offer customers The customer can scan a ticket with their purchase and donate 1 2 5 or 10 dollars with their purchase They can also choose to donate without the use of a ticket which is a slightly longer process but allows users to donate however much they choose While this system is incredibly effective in digitizing charity employees of the store where the system is implemented are still asked to scan tickets and ask each customer for a donation Our attempt at collecting donations will include less work for both users and employees of our company Our goal is to completely automate the system with several employees to manage account maintenance and several donation collectors and mechanics that can collect the funds deliver them to banks and transfer physical currency to the company s online account These changes will reduce barriers to charity significantly decreasing work increasing donation opportunity and increasing user control over
6. between users favorites donations and charities could occur In the future organizations will be able to access their own pages 34 upload pictures into slideshows update content and track the amount of donations that have occurred over a specified period of time Figure 26 shows the charity browser page included on the website The left panel includes the list of all charities with a search option for easy navigation The top right panel includes a charity of the day with the donation statistics for that charity featured underneath in the bottom right panel Logged in users can find charities favorite the organizations and donate from both their own page as well as the charity browser page Donations were created using the concept of associations Through associations we can create connections to multiple models Both users and charities had many donations and donations belonged to both users and charities Whenever a donation was created the presence of a donation amount a referenced user and a referenced charity were all verified to ensure legal creation of a donation instance Figure 27 shows a close up of the donations panel on the user s profile page Feeding America UNICEF Figure 26 Charity browser with charity navigator charity of the day and donation statistics panes 35 Donations 31 Mark Khazanov UNICEF Mark Khazanov Salvation Army Figure 27 A closer look atthe donations pane on
7. change events to views Figure 21 Model View Controller diagram taken from UI Software Architecture 31 app gt assets gt controllers gt helpers mailers gt models gt views gt bin gt config gt db Figure 22 Ruby on rails project file layout Controller Model and View folders are displayed User System Build A user system was built to include the user model found in Figure 23 Both signup and login features were added under the user system and an administrator attribute was later added to the user model From the index of user profiles in Figure 24 we are able to see the list of users from an administrator s perspective Each user has a delete option next to their name This is only present from the administrator s view indicating that only an administrator can delete users that are registered on the system ers name string updated at datetime password digest string remember digest string admin boolean oolean atetime et d reset sent at datetime Figure 23 Completed User system model without any additional entities 32 SHARE JAR Previous 2 3 4 Next Mark Khazanov Alex Khazanov delete Kellen Stanton delete Bella Jast delete Presley Lind delete Evelyn Daniel delete Curtis Thompson delete Figure 24 Complete users index Delete option is presented due to administrator perspective A user profile was created that displayed the use
8. oem Transfer Donations Deposit umen gt balance c m card number card sec number Figure 5 The web systems database architecture Hardware To design our electronic unit prototype many options were considered It was important for us to create a prototype that could be built and programmed quickly but was also able to scale and slowly transition into a low cost manufacturable unit Figure 6 displays a chart of the high level design of our mechanical unit 16 Data Transfer connect to available network connect to online database and enter information transfer data securely Display show confirmation message display amount deposited display successful transfer confirm that card worked properly Control validate card access process deposited amount send data to display open latch connect to internet transfer data to online database Physical Unit open mechanical slot Account Access validate account cards sort and count deposit send signal and card communicate amount deposited number to control include removable coin rack Figure 6 High level design of the Share Jar mechanical unit The process of designing the unit was fundamentally based on aligning functionality with mission It was important to define a sequence of events that the user would step through while keeping the idea of charity as a part of everyda
9. th RU c pee hd aS 44 DEPOSITS SERVER neenon In eru dde eR Rande d RU EIS EA 44 WEB SYSTEM ton deducta e betes ite o nte o eo f n ea 45 DISCUSSION AND 45 TE 47 APPENDIX wwV nenen ennnen 48 Table of Figures and Tables Figure 1 Proposed design of the full unit iuo eratac ata entertain 7 Figure 2 Proposed method of selecting donation 12 Figure 3 Removable tray for easy collection of deposited funds 13 Figure 4 A mockup Share Jar icon used for monetary donation on various websites E E E EA ENEE P E 14 Figure 5 High level design of the Share Jar mechanical unit 17 Figure 6 High level user process of the Share Jar donation system 17 Table 1 Cycle time for each hardware component 11 Table 2 Controller design OptionS 18 Table 3 Display design Options 18 Table 4 Coin sorter design options 19 Table 5 Connection to host design 20 Table 6 Connection to network design options serene 21 Table 7 Case materials design Options oid nct en ete 21 Introduction In 2013 statistics on charity were collected from around the world The United Stat
10. the user profile page Favorites Favorites were created similarly to donations Using associations we were able to specify the relationship between users favorites favorite charities and charities Favorites was implemented as a entity that could be of different types in the case that our functionality would require more than just charities to be favorited Cards and Deposits Cards were an easy addition to our user system By adding card num and card sec num attributes to our user model we were able to provide each user with a card that they could eventually use While the card number values were encrypted there were currently no ways of checking whether a user had registered a card besides for checking for NULL values In the future a card entity may be created with a user reference as a requirement for activation 36 Figure 28 Concept art for a user s deposit card Deposits were similar to donations but did not require a charity reference because they existed as sole property of the user Users were able to deposit multiple times and see their deposits along with other pertinent information In the future a database of machine ids corresponding with locations will be implemented to allow users to see where their highest frequencies of deposits occur 1 34 Deposited at less than a minute ago 1 34 Deposited at less than a minute ago 1 34 Deposited at less than a minute ago 1 04 Deposited at less tha
11. their change we can begin to make charitable giving a daily habit for individuals across the world Starting with a digital coin sorter a physical unit was builtto process user donations after RFID validations and upload the deposited amount to an online database A web system was designed to give users full access to a variety of charities implementing a donation process that is as simple as entering an amount and pressing Donate The hardware and software were connected through the deposits server creating a usable system that could process deposited change and upload the amount to corresponding user accounts While the functionality of the physical unit was not fully realized the remainder of the system proved to be successful and up to par with initial 45 specifications In future implementations of the system I would further develop the physical unit to be completed and enclosed within a secure container I would also add more statistical information to the web system so that users and charitable organizations are able to see deposit and donation habits respectively After a usable implementation of the system it will be important to monitor the use of kiosks in various environments Where do people donate most why do people choose not to use the system which charities are being donated to most and what are the easiest ways to transfer the physical currency from the Share Jar units to the bank accounts of the organizations These
12. then be implemented With 6 distinct entities I was able to formulate a structure of relationships and associations that would allow for a scalable model that could be easily altered in the future Figure 20 shows the entities associations and important attributes featured in the design 30 rane X belongs to Charity Transfer Donations card number balance card sec number Deposit Figure 20 Final database architecture used for web system implementation Ruby on Rails The Ruby on Rails RoR web development framework is a powerful tool for creating scalable web systems Using the MVC design pattern as illustrated in Figure 21 a developer is able to separate interface action and data into the three separate components All database alteration is conducted by the model The view is the UI of the application The controller is the connection between model and view and allows for powerful control of the entire web system and its implemented entities Model View Gontrolller Pattern Controller handles input View handles output listens for input events on the view p data from the model to display it hierarc listens for model changes and updates calle mutators on model ar view display M input events get amp set Controller methods get amp geti methods methods Model maintains application state implements state changing behavior sends
13. will all be important questions moving forward Working throughout this past year has taught me an immense amount about different technologies and systems But the most important takeaway is that impactful technology is not rooted in design specifications The details of implementation arise from reminding ourselves of the purpose of our mission Creating a society that contributes without hesitation 46 References 6 831 L3 UI Software Architecture 6 831 L3 UI Software Architecture Web 17 Mar 2015 2013 World Giving Index CAF America 2013 World Giving Index Comments N p n d Web 13 June 2014 lt http www cafamerica org wgi 2013 gt Arduino SPI Arduino SPI Web 17 Mar 2015 Coinstar Help Center Coinstar Help Center N p n d Web 13 June 2014 lt https www coinstar com helpcenter gt Cross Ian Check a charity s credibility before you give this season WMBFNews com Myrtle Beach Florence SC Weather N p n d Web 13 June 2014 lt http www wmbfnews com story 24112237 check a charitys credibility before you give this season gt Hartl Michael Ruby on Rails 3 Tutorial Learn Rails by Example Upper Saddle River NJ Addison Wesley 2011 Print Holly Hall Americans Rank 13th in Charitable Giving Among Countries Around the World The Chronicle of Philanthropy N p n d Web 13 June 2014 lt http philanthropy com article Americans Rank 13th in 143349 cid megamenu gt
14. NT TIMESTAMP amp Change Drop t Check All With selected Browse 7 Change Drop Primary Unique Index Spatial Fulltext Print view fh Propose table structure b Move columns 3 Add 1 column s At End of Table At Beginning of Table After deposit ID Go Indexes Figure 19 phpMyAdmin screenshot displaying attributes in the deposits server database 29 Web System The implemented web system consisted of many components but was created using the Ruby on Rails framework which takes advantage of the MVC Model View Controller software design pattern A data scheme architecture was first drafted The first entity implemented was the user system Administrators were created along with sessions to allow for users to login signup and stay logged in for extended periods of time After the user system was thoroughly tested charities were created followed by donations To add user functionality the option to favorite charities was added so that users could connect with organizations even faster The final entities created were deposits and account cards were added to the user data scheme The final step was to connect the web system to the deposits server so a program was written to upload the CSV file found on the deposits server into the system s database updating each user s profiles Structured Data Through consideration of the entire web system a flexible data scheme was drafted that could
15. Share Jar Integrating Charity into Everyday Life Mark Khazanov CpE 499 Capstone Design Project Advisors Cherrice Traver Kristina Striegnitz March 8 2015 Abstract While American wealth continues to grow income inequality and the wealth gap have never been a more pertinent issue in the United States While legislative change is difficult to attain and service to community depends mainly on people s availability systems of monetary donation have not changed for decades aside from web based payment systems We propose a new donation collection system that allows for easier charity access and integration of charitable giving into daily routine The proposed coin collectors can be installed in public spaces and will allow users to donate and distribute funds within thirty seconds to various charities through an online account Furthermore integration with social media services such as Facebook and Twitter will also be emphasized in our approach We conclude with an overall design of our units and a discussion of possible marketing techniques and steps that will be taken to make our product a popular commodity Table of Contents ABS T RAG Em 2 TABLE OF FIGURES AND TABLES ccccssesseeseessseesseeseessseeseesseeeeseeeseesssaeeseeesseeesaeeseesnsneesaeesenneaees 5 Pee 6 BACK GROUND 7 COIN COLEECTION SYSTEMS 7 SIMILAR CHARITIES
16. al unit s Deposit seconds to functionality 39 physical validate RFID and Intended 10 was not fully unit deposit change complete Speed of 10 Users should only Actual 10 N A Donation enter value and web select charity Intended 10 system Security 5 Expected that a Actual 3 Physical unit physical properly secure was unit container would Intended 8 deconstructed not be created for at time of this version display Security 8 Expected a Actual 9 N A web properly tested system web system Intended 10 Aesthetic 5 Wasawarethata Actual 2 There was no Appeal container would container used physical not be created for Intended 7 for the physical unit this version unit Aesthetic 9 Wanted to create a Actual 8 N A Appeal web beautiful fluid system user experience Intended 9 Table 10 Comparison of expected and actual results Reasons for discrepancies are also listed Production Schedule The three main system components were worked on simultaneously Below are detailed descriptions of the production schedule for each of the components individually Physical Unit The first phase of physical unit development focused on understanding the Cassida coin sorter and accessing the information it was passing to the display The unit was disassembled and the display unit was extracted from the machine The two sided circuit board in Figure 30 was analyzed and a schematic was sketched fr
17. assword confirmation password end assert equal 1 ActionMailer Base deliveries size user assigns user assert not user activated Try to log in before activation log in as user assert not is logged in Invalid activation token get edit account activation path invalid token assert not is logged in Valid token wrong email get edit account activation path user activation token email wrong assert not is logged in 3 Valid activation token get edit account activation path user activation token email user email assert user reload activated follow redirect assert template users show assert is logged in end 53
18. ay unit consisted of 7 8 segment displays Serial data was passed to the board and each display was consecutively updated in a continuous cycle when triggered by a clock pulse Figure 13 shows two consecutive display uploads Zooming in we are able to see that for each display two rounds of 8 pulse clock 25 signals are sent Figure 14 The first clock cycle resets the value of the segments while the second cycle loads in the value to the corresponding display In Figure 15 we can see that each clock pulse corresponds to one segment on the display unit and when the serial data value is low a segment is illuminated a 0 0 00 0 0 THEE LI L Figure 12 8 segment display used for retrieving deposited amount data LOgIC Anaryzer v wrogram File Options Setup Acquisition View Help B We s TUBIS le 3e 34 jm Sample Rate 50MH2 Logic Threshold 1 50v Pre Trigger Buffer 50 Measurement Source 4 D 4 m Wire Wire Pattern Edge Cursor ID Staus Serial Data DO L X 1 0 x 1 Gp INDE 2 p25 1 Figure 13 2 cycles can be seen which represent consecutive loads of values to the display unit AOA LOGIE Url ATIaryzer
19. e After these files were written phpMyAdmin was used to create the database that would be used for deposits information Files were altered to include information specific to the database so that connection could become possible The final phase of the deposits server implementation was the creation of a CSV file from the inserted data Due to system permissions this inefficient method had to be used to access deposit information from the web system Future implementations will allow for direction connections between the kiosk units and the web systems databases Web System The web system was first organized based on a database architecture that was both scalable and flexible Figure 20 After a completed data scheme a user system was implemented Sessions signups and logins were added soon followed by administrative privileges The user system was completely tested using various RoR testing techniques including integration tests as detailed in the earlier Web System section Charities and Donations were created and soon a Favorites option was also implemented This phase allowed users to donate to charities favorite charities and view their previous donations 42 The last phase included the creation of deposits and processing the deposits server data The process is described in more detail in the earlier Web System section Cost Analysis The cost of components was nearly identical to estimated costs as described previ
20. ection and account verification needed to be established in a way that would allow users to access their accounts seamlessly and in minimal time RFID proved to be the fastest most hygienic and societally accepted method for connection to the machine Many credit and debit cards now implement RFID so most users would be comfortable with this method The ability of users to merge old 19 and new accounts would also allow for people to just retrieve a new card whenever theirs were not with them Connection to Host pros cons RFID No need to remove card from Card can be lost pocket Can interfere with other RFID Fastest Method cards No need for pin Can get stolen Magnetic Swipe No need to remember pin Magnetic Strip will ware down Can lose card Can get stolen Barcode No need to remember pin Can lose the card Barcode may ware off in pocket Can get stolen Pin Access No need to carry card around Takes time to enter pin No way to lose a card Can easily forget number Difficult to steal pin as Have to stop and think opposed to card Table 5 Connection to host design options Connection to Network Due to the conversion of physical to digital currency and the account upload process a reliable method of network connection was also necessary Both WiFi and Ethernet were considered as viable options but Ethernet was selected due to its increased reliability Most stores that include electronic cas
21. eight B10000000 byte nine B10011000 byte decimal B01111111 byte fullData 30 void setup Serial begin 9600 for int j 0 j lt 18 j fullData j high fullData 16 high 49 fullData 17 high fullData 18 high fullData 19 high fullData 20 decimal fullData 21 high fullData 22 one fullData 23 high fullData 24 five for intj 25 j lt 30 j fullData j high void loop float number process fullData Serial printIn number float process byte data String number for inti 0 i lt 30 i if data i decimal amp amp i gt 15 number 1 8 number convert data i 6 number convert data i 4 i 2 number convert data i number convert data i 2 number convert data i 4 return number toFloat j j i i i number convert data i i String convert byte byteValue if byteValue high Serial printin True high return 0 if byteValue zero 50 Serial printIn True 0 return 0 j if byteValue one Serial printIn True 1 return 1 if byteValue two Serial printIn True 2 return 2 if byteValue three Serial printlIn True 3 return 3 j if byteValue four Serial printIn True 4 return 4 if byteValue five Serial printIn Tr
22. erver The web system then connects to the deposits server to update the corresponding users account with the deposited value The sections below describe each functional group in detail providing an in depth look into the Share Jar framework 23 Physical Unit Deposits Server Web System Share gar ae a S je Deposits Users Lt Figure 8 High level graphic of the entire prototype system Physical Unit The physical unit consists of four main components A Cassida coin sorter was chosen to be the main deposit unit due to it s accuracy ease of use and low price comparative to other digital coin sorters The inner electronics included an Arduino Uno the main microcontroller mounted by an Arduino Ethernet Shield A Parallax RFID reader was used for implementing user confirmation A diagram of the physical system is displayed below in Figure 9 Figure 9 High level diagram of the physical unit 24 Coin Sorter and Display Units The Cassida coin sorter included a geared funnel that would control the flow rate of currency Figure 10 a rotating disk that would drop coins into slots by size Figure 11 triggering sensors attached to the rim of each slot and a display unit that was updated by the electronic components within the base of the unit Figure 12 Figure 11 Rotating tray for processing change Each hole contains a sensor for tracking the amount of change deposited The displ
23. es was not even among the top 10 countries for percentage of citizen donations It is hard to believe that with all of the philanthropic organizations started in the U S we are still far behind the top donators But what is important to consider is that the same study showed that we are the top country for helping strangers in need of assistance and rank 3 overall for volunteering cafamerica Hall Clearly Americans are philanthropic so why has the United States fallen so far behind in charitable donations I argue that there are two main issues lack of passion and empathy for charities that are well publicized Stern and the limited integration of charity opportunities into our current infrastructure While creating empathy in individuals is an incredibly difficult task especially when a potential giver does not have the will to explore donation opportunities themselves creating more donation opportunities is a more realistic task I propose a new technology that will allow users to donate and distribute funds to a variety of charities within 30 seconds In addition no registration or credit card information will be required and no commitment post donation will be necessitated The Share Jar donation system will allow users to deposit loose change into a container and distribute their donation through a web based interface The units can be installed at the end of check out lanes and public transportation systems A design concept is illu
24. ffers significantly in the final version allowing users to just type in an amount and click A more playful UI was distracting and took away from the goal of quick donations 22 Donate Detailed timing values for the Due to the lack of full functionality it was functioning of the physical unit are not difficult to time the physical deposits discussed due to an incomplete process accurately implementation Unregistered cards have been eliminated Too difficult to implement at this point Merging of user accounts has been This was done due to the removal of eliminated anonymous cards and accounts No display will be featured in the final A display is not necessary The only user implementation feedback should be green and red LEDs for purposes of simplicity A Deposits Server was added Due to system permissions a deposits server was necessary to facilitate communication between the physical unit and web system Table 9 Design specification changes from proposed design to implementation Final Design and Implementation System Overview The entire system consists of three main components illustrated in Figure 8 The physical unit deposits server and the web system work together to create a seamless transfer of physical change to digital donation Change is deposited into the physical unit which uses an Arduino Ethernet Shield to upload the deposited amount and RFID value to the deposits s
25. greatest challenge in the system implementation To make the process as easy as possible only virtual funds will be associated with a user account Physical funds will be collected and stored in a company account For the first implementation of our system the company will create an account for every online charity available 13 through its system At the point of donation funds will be transferred from the companies account to the charity selected by the user Share Jar will collect user donation statistics and relay this information to participating charities In the future a PayPal approach may be implemented connecting user accounts directly to their selected charities This is seen as a long term goal due to the excessive security precautions necessary for this implementation An integral part of the Share Jar approach to charity is integration with social media The small icon will allow for people to donate without excessive hassle Akin to Twitter Facebook RSS Feed and YouTube icons Share Jar will also be displayed on public pages allowing people to donate to causes they see fit For an additional fee companies will be able to allow users to donate to their own site but only if the icon is displayed on their webpages This feature is still being researched and will not be included in the prototype The concept is displayed in Figure 4 below TUESDAY NOVEMBER 25 2014 CRIMINAL JUSTICE Figure 4 A mockup Sha
26. h registers have the units connected to Ethernet ports so the implementation of mechanical units in public places would not be an issue Due to a lack of WiFi in many public areas Ethernet was also the better option for connecting to the network 20 Connection to Network pros cons Wired No need for wifi Wires in the way connection Need ethernet port on controller Need ethernet port in location WiFi No need for Need wifi component ethernet connection to controller Need wifi connection in building Case Creating a durable casing that was secure and easily accessible was also a large consideration Aluminum casing was chosen for the prototype because of its professional look and its availability It is also easier to work with than some of the other materials specified and would help convey a completed look for the prototype version of the mechanical system Other materials would be considered for scalable Table 6 Connection to network design options units due to the expensive pricing of aluminum as compared to plastics Case pros cons Aluminum Metallic and Can bend easily professional look Expensive Carbon Very strong material Expensive Fiber and looks great Steel Very strong material Expensive Not easily customizable Plastic Inexpensive and Weaker material easily produced Table 7 Case materials design options 21 Cost Below is a table of the prop
27. ll update automatically and will then be ready for conversion Due to incomplete functionality the conversion and upload program must be run separately and is titled covert and upload ino Whenever this script is run the converted value is uploaded a single time There is currently no autonomous upload featured in the system By uploading the program to the Arduino the program will execute connecting to the deposits server calling add php and posting specified values to the file Deposits Server The deposits server does not require maintenance and should function autonomously Due to the current CSV file implementation a new file will have to be 44 downloaded whenever an additional deposit is made This functionality will be removed in the next version and is only a temporary measure Web System The web system does not require maintenance and will function autonomously without user interference New charities may be added through the seeding process and the uploading of deposits data will occur autonomously but only after the file has been moved into the specified directory Discussion and Recommendations How do we begin to integrate charitable giving into everyday life The current process of donation is time consuming rarely accessible and seen as an additional hassle in everyday life By creating a system that is easily accessible takes seconds to use and provides users with the convenience of disposing of
28. n a minute ago Figure 29 List of user deposits 37 Connection to Server Due to network permissions my access to the deposits server were limited from the web system that was implemented To circumvent this lack of accessibility a CSV file was updated each time a new deposit was made as described in the Deposits Server section By downloading the CSV processing the information and uploading it to the user database users were able to add money onto their account whenever an additional deposit was made In the future a more fluid method will be used to transfer the physical unit s deposit data to the user account database Performance Estimates and Results The following sections describe the estimated performance as compared with the results of the completed system Many of the detailed features are assessed subjectively and should not be used to strictly predict the success of the system when made available to users Overall the results were promising yielding a faster than expected deposit time ease of access to charities and a fluid login and donation process Improvements could be made in areas of cost aesthetics and size of the physical unit and scalability of the hardware components Expectations and Results The main goals of our project were to create an easily usable interface with a donation time of less than 30 seconds and implementing a system that was extremely flexible and scalable Table 10 shows the e
29. nate button will become available at which time the user will be able to commit to their donation 11 Total 145 46 Donate 60 37 Figure 2 Proposed method of selecting donation amount Maintenance Hardware To create the easiest system of money transfer our unit will need to be robust easily accessible and compartmentalized The unit will be made from aluminum with an outer plexiglass barrier A keyhole will be located on the bottom of the device The bottom plate will be directly underneath the deposit tray and when pulled down the deposit tray can be removed and replaced with another tray The removable tray mechanism is displayed in Figure 3 This will make collecting the deposited funds an easy and speedy process 12 Full Unit Removable Container change collector 2 Bottom Plate Figure 3 Removable tray for easy collection of deposited funds While the prototype hardware will consist of hobbyist materials such as the Arduino Uno and Parallax RFID previous experimentation has shown the unreliability of these systems and while development of robust low cost solutions my not be implemented these necessary requirements will be strongly considered Furthermore the prototype design will be heavily modularized to allow for an easy transition from high level prototyping to low level implementation of the electronic units Software Our interaction with databases and transition of funds will be the
30. om which functionality of the display could be further understood 5 pins corresponding to the clock serial data and three pins for the display selector were 40 analyzed allowing us to further understand the display data that was being sent from the coin sorter Figure 30 Connected pins to coin sorter display for capturing of serial data The second phase consisted of programming the Arduino to recognize RFID cards and validate users Unfortunately the RFID unit was too poor in its consistency so it was not used for the final implementation Following RFID accessibility integration with the coin sorter was necessary A program using SPI was written to allow for the reading of values from the coin sorter display by the Arduino microcontroller In addition a script was written to convert the byte values from the coin sorter display into human readable integers corresponding to a deposited amount The final phase of development was the process of uploading to the deposits server using the Ethernet Shield The Arduino would connect to the server and post all values to a file located on the server which would then process the values and insert them into the MySQL database located on the remote machine 41 Deposits Server The first step in creating a functional deposits server was creating PHP scripts that could connect to the servers MySQL database receive values from the Arduino and insert those values into the databas
31. osed costs for the entire system including the chosen components as described above Item Cost Metallic Case 300 Coin Counter 200 Microcontroller 50 Wireless Module 30 RFID Detector 50 314 Party Software 500 Total 1130 Table 8 Estimated cost of components for the entire system Changes in Design Specifications Previous to this section are the preliminary design specifications before the implementation of the system Table 9 sh for the final design as well as reasons for ows the specifications that were changed these alterations Design Change Methodology Social media integration will be implemented in future versions The web system needs to be completely tested before integration into the public sphere can take place A container for the physical unit will be developed and used at a later time The coin sorter is too large and bulky to be used as a final implementation Discussion of business and marketing strategies has been avoided in the final portion of the design report Chose to focus more on the engineering and design aspects My Steinmetz presentation will include business aspects No actual transfer of money to either bank account or charitable organization occurs in the final implementation This is a component of the business side and what is most effective scalable and efficient The user interface for donating di
32. ously Table 11 shows the various components their estimated costs and the actual pricing of the prototype unit The total costs for estimated and actual values differ significantly due to the absence of 3rd party software and any protective casing for the prototype Item Estimated Cost Actual Value Metallic Case 300 NA Coin Counter 200 206 76 Microcontroller 50 25 29 Ethernet Shield NA 11 11 Wireless Module 30 NA RFID Detector 50 49 99 Domain Names and NA 129 99 Hosting 3rd Party Software 500 NA Total 1130 423 14 Table 11 Cost analysis of the hardware components for the physical unit NA values specify components that were removed from the preliminary design 43 User s Manual Included below is a user s manual for each of the three components of the overall system Physical Unit The physical unit is currently under construction and only requires that there is no excessive tampering with the electronics After a case is constructed and full functionality is implemented a further discussion of maintenance can be appended To achieve functionality of the physical unit the coin sorter should be plugged into an outlet the Arduino should be connected to a computer and the program titled full program ino needs to be executed The coin sorter should then be turned on using the back switch at which point coins can be deposited into the spinning tray The values wi
33. ppendix Upload shows the process of connecting to the server and uploading the RFID card values the amount deposited as well as other crucial information to complete the online transfer from kiosk to user account A machine id was included to keep track of which kiosks were being used most often for future distribution strategies Uno to Ethernet Shield Deposits Server A deposits server was created to act as the transfer point of deposits from the physical unit to updates on the web system Using phpMyAdmin a database was created including attributes such as card number deposited amount and machine id Figure 19 The current implementation creates a CSV file from the uploaded data which can then be read by the web system This process is inefficient and impractical so future transfers will eliminate the deposits server and upload transaction data directly the web systems database phpMyAdmin 5 Browse Structure j SQL Search 3 Insert 4 Export Import Operations Triggers Recent tables Name Type Collation Attributes Null Default Extra Action 3 information schema 1 deposit ID int 11 No None AUTO INCREMENT gt Change Drop E mysql 2 card_number int 11 No None 4 Change Drop 5 3 test 3 card sec number int 11 No None 47 Change Drop New 4 amount float No None Change Drop _ deposit info 5 machine id int 11 No None 2 Change Drop 6 timestamp timestamp No CURRE
34. r image using Gravitars a built in Wordpress feature that allows users to easily upload profile pictures The user s balance was also displayed in the top left panel of Figure 25 The bottom left panel shows the user s recent donations including the amount donated and the selected charity The right panel is the user s favorites panel which allows for adding an unlimited amount of favorite organizations to the user s profile 33 UNICEF Salvation Army Figure 25 User profile page screenshot with donation and favorites panes User System Testing Various testing methods were used to create a secure user system that could be transferred from development to production Appendix Integration Test shows one type of testing method called an integration test The RoR framework allows you to browse your site check values and fully control users through simple commands that execute in order By comparing expected and actual values and actions the developer is able to easily see which parts of the system are vulnerable to malicious intent and system malfunction Charities and Donations After the user system was fully implemented a system of charities was developed Similar to users charities were developed as an individual entity but could not be created or destroyed by users Only by seeding the data were charities able to be added This allowed for the charity side of the web system to be ignored until proper functionality
35. re Jar icon used for monetary donation on various websites 14 Preliminary Proposed Design The proposed design has been separated into Software and Hardware sections The Software section includes a brief discussion of the database architecture of the web system The Hardware section details the different components of the physical unit through a general overview This section is concluded with a cost analysis of the components of the physical unit Software To create a viable web system a drafted database scheme was first necessary Figure 5 shows the completed database architecture Included are six entities two of which are considered weak due to their dependency on parent entities A User entity is used synonymously as a user profile as well as a user account Through the use of kiosks our physical units we are able to create deposits that are associated with a User After money has been deposited we can then create a transfer with a specified amount Our database diagram indicates a donation entity which is considered a type of transfer A donation can only be created with references to both a user and a charity Favorites are another entity available to the user for creation Favorites can be of many types but for our preliminary design favorite charities will most likely be the type we use This will allow for users to connect with charities in faster and easier ways 15 lt belongs to Charity lt gt p
36. seconds Microcontroller and Wifi Send Signal to Database 0 25 seconds Entire system Scan Deposit Send Signal 3 75 seconds 10 Table 1 Cycle time for each hardware component Software Moving from hardware to software users will be presented with the two donation options To access their personal accounts users will be asked to login with email and password If users choose to donate anonymously they will be able to enter the card ID number with which they donated and distribute the funds To create greater security a 4 digit number will be included on the back of each card to serve as a security code Entering the card and security numbers will be the only requirements for anonymous donators After a confirmed login users will be able to view the deposited amount browse through charities and select their desired donation amount To increase user base in the registered account system users will be able to combine accounts by selecting a Merge Accounts option and entering the ID numbers of two accounts to which they have a card After users gain access to their accounts they will be able to distribute the donated funds A user will be able to trace a line around a fraction of pie chart shown in Figure 2 They will then be able to click on a featured charity in the right panel of the webpage to which the selected amount will be donated Users will also be able to search for registered charities After a charity is selected a Do
37. sssnsssssssnsssssssvssssssessesessessssesssssssessssiens 27 Arduino Ethernet Shield 29 DEPOSITS SERVER E 29 WEB SYSTEM csetera bcd DO e ru Cuba Di RE o C a 30 Structured RR E D ERE EU E RR RD DR RM 30 Ruby Rails tt ta a t tdt d e etes 31 User System Build e Ae e t a es 32 User System Testing tte nta thetic thet lasted anna aan aae RAE 34 Charities and Donations vesssessesessesvssesssserssvssssssessecsssessessssessessssesnsssssssnssssnssvssssvssnsnssessesecsossssesssssssessssesasssseess 34 FAOVOFItOS iua ascia a RR TR ETUR S EA Ran HALE RIED e RN DER RE 36 Gards and 36 Gonnection to Servel Die 38 PERFORMANCE ESTIMATES AND RESULTS 38 EXPECTATIONS AND RESULTS cscscssssssssscssessscscsssssssessseeesessusesecausesecauecsesevecseceseuseseseusesesevesaesesesausesecausesecansseeesess 38 PRODUCTION SCHED ULE is crura io laa iar a DE ade ae crar a cd Ea Tu CER D 40 PHYSICAL UNT REC ED E CE ERR AR e RO E EA RR TRE un 40 DEPOSITS SERVER tene ima tren eet oda 42 WEBSYSTEM sium SD aguda dua uunc cel niet 42 COST ANALYSIS 43 USER S MANUAL 44
38. strated in Figure 1 Though the physical components are integral to the Share Jar approach to charity integration they are not the main draw of our system Social media has had tremendous affects societally impacting culture in unimaginable ways We have technology that allows us to post share like rate chat message transfer money fund projects and interact with the world in ways that were previously impossible Each mentioned technology is branded Facebook Twitter Tumblr Kickstarter Indiegogo and many more Surprisingly the act of giving is still decentralized lacking a cohesion that could benefit millions across the globe lt Figure 1 Proposed design of the full unit The Share Jar donation system is social media for charity Lowering the donation time to less than 30 seconds and creating a daily reminder of giving this technology is not only a step on the philanthropic ladder but also a pivot for transition into a donation oriented society Background Coin Collection Systems Currently the most prominent coin collection system is Coinstar located all across the United States Users are able to deposit coins and receive gift cards eCertificates and cash With gift cards and eCertificates users are not charged for the transaction Cash back has a 10 996 coin processing fee Users are also able to donate to a few select charities but participating organizations are fined 7 596 of the users donation Coinstar
39. their donation the LCD display added a necessary professionalism to the unit Addition of color would also allow for a vivid display that could present organization or charity logos Display pros cons Standard LCD Can provide a breadth of More difficult to information for the user Can include integrate with color and vibrancy controller Hex Display Easily understandable Integrates Conveys less easily with controller information Quite limited in display Table 3 Display design options 18 Coin Sorter The coin sorter chosen for the mechanical unit needed to sort coins contain an electronic coin counter work with quick speed and have an easily removable coin compartment With these considerations the Cassida coin sorter was chosen The removable tray will be replaced with a part of the outer casing of the entire unit This will allow for collectors to access the change easily and minimal intrusion Coin Sorter pros cons Mechanical Very accurate sorting No display napcoinsorter No counting kanection Can separate coins No counting provided efficiently No display Royal Sovereign Counts without need for Includes finite cointainers development that are difficult to Has it s own display modify Cassida Counts without need for Slower coin processing development then mechanical sorters Has built in display Table 4 Coin sorter design options Connection to Host Host conn
40. their donations Design Requirements The main goal of our project is to reduce the amount of time taken to donate to a charity and increase the ease of donation for users This goal brings about our timing requirement empowering users to donate in less than 30 seconds The point of currency deposit to the time at which a user allocates the charity should not extend past the mentioned time limit The total cost of the first prototype should not exceed 1500 dollars More information about expenses can be found in the Cost Analysis section Below are requirements for the user interface and for the maintenance of the system Each section has been separated into software and hardware requirements User Interface Hardware A user will have two options when donating They will be able to donate anonymously or register for an online user account The donation machine will include a slot from which cards can be taken Users will then be able to press the card against the RFID mechanism at which point a slot will open Change will then be deposited and users will no longer need to interact with the hardware of our system While the hardware of the system is far from revolutionary it combines common technologies to produce fast user friendly results Table 1 displays the timing requirements for each part of the hardware process Component Function Cycle Time Slot Lid Open and Close 3 seconds RFID Read Input Delay 3 75
41. ue 5 return 5 if byteValue six Serial printIn True 6 return 6 if byteValue seven Serial printlIn True 7 return 7 if byteValue eight Serial printIn True 8 return 8 if byteValue nine Serial printIn True 9 return 9 if byteValue decimal Serial printIn True return return 51 void loop card 432 RFIDread card sec int 1324 amount float 0 15 machine id int 100 data card String card amp card_sec String card sec amp amount String amount amp machine id String machine id if upload amp amp client connect server 80 REPLACE WITH YOUR SERVER ADDRESS Serial printIn Connected client printIn POST add php HTTP 1 1 client printIn Host khazanom vm union edu SERVER ADDRESS HERE TOO client printIn Content Type application x www form urlencoded client print Content Length client printIn data length client println Serial printIn data client print data j else Serial println Can t connect j if client connected client stop DISCONNECT FROM THE SERVER upload false 52 test valid signup information with account activation do get signup path assert difference User count 1 do post users path user name Example User email user example com password password p
42. viding us with the byte of information uploaded to the display Figure 16 shows the captured data as decimal values where 255 is a completely dark display and 0 is an illumination of every segment The Arduino and coin sorter were paired as master slave with the preset of MOSI or master out slave in With the coin sorter acting as the master the arduino was able to receive data without needing to communicate back to the coin sorter Figure 17 255 255 255 255 192 255 192 Figure 16 Raw byte data taken from the coin sorter display The value corresponds to a 0 with a decimal 27 Master Slave Figure 17 A diagram of the arduino and coinsorter represented in an SPI master slave relationship Appendix Convert shows the coded process for converting the captured bytes of data into the human readable digits that could be uploaded to user accounts The RFID reader was connected to the Arduino which would wait until a valid RFID value was read to begin the display reading conversion and upload processes Due to serious hardware issues the RFID unit was not implemented in this version of the prototype but future versions will continue to use an RFID verification system Figure 18 The connected RFID unit Not implemented in the final design due to faulty hardware 28 Arduino Ethernet Shield The last component used in the physical system was the Ethernet Shield used to upload values onto the deposits server A
43. xpected values of each considered component before the completion of the project as well as the 38 methodology used to arrive at the listed value values are rated on a scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the most desirable behavior In addition calculated prototype values are listed Due to several incomplete components prototype values were split into actual and intended values Participants were asked to rate the actual prototype for each category and then the intended implementation that was described to them Values were based off of 5 individuals Possible reasons for discrepancies between expected and actual values are also included Feature Expected Methodology in Prototype Values Reasons for Value Calculation Discrepancy Ease of 7 Due to Ethernet Actual 3 Incomplete Installation chord and hardware physical bulkiness of unit Intended 8 casing unit Ease of Use 9 Simple RFID Actual 6 Incomplete physical interface functionality unit Intended 9 due to faulty RFID unit Ease of 10 Creating new Actual 10 N A Signup web users should be a system minimally Intended 10 exhaustive process Ease of 10 Process should Actual 10 N A Donation only involve Web typingin amount Intended 10 System and selecting charity Ease of 10 Charities should Actual 10 N A Charity be easy to find and Navigation discover Intended 10 web system Speed of 9 Less than 10 Actual 4 Physic
44. y life central to the process Figure 7 shows the high level process our system was based on providing maximum ease of donation Grab a card to access your account Login to account Swipe card against the Deposit change physical unit stet Signal sent over internet to update user account with added amount Select charities Input donation amount Figure 7 High level user process ofthe Share Jar donation system 17 Control As a control unit the Arduino Uno was selected for the first prototype Its ability to easily interface with displays host connections and network connections made it a top choice among microcontrollers While the Raspberry Pi was another strongly considered option it was difficult to interface with other technologies and would not allow for a realistic minimalist controller unit Control pros cons arduino Easily programmable Very limited in terms of interfaces well with software abilities Difficult RFID and ethernet to run parallel processes raspberry pi Easily interfaces with Difficult to interface with ethernet Can run RFID Significantly more parallel processes difficult to prototype with with ease Table 2 Controller design options Display For the display an LCD unit was selected While the HEX display is able to provide enough information for the user to receive confirmation of
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