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From. Micro Cornucopia

1. 1 comes with software on disk and manual MJul ease state type of system and 51 4 or 8 inch disk MC 1 with disk MC VISA COD CHECK P amp H 2 NYS ADD TAX Xerox 820 820 I trademark of Xerox Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Let MICRONCRON put time out of mind into memory 716 377 0369 PO BOX 81 PITTSFORD NY 14534 PP pOPTRONICS TECHNOLOGY 41 Xerox 820 A New Double Density Monitor By Mitch Mlinar It you own a Xerox 820 I and do NOT have double density buy it Unless of course you prefer having only 1 3 as much disk storage and s l o w I O The only source right now of a com mercial double density for the Xerox is SWP of Texas and they advertise here in Micro C The package is good but of course it has some deficiencies which we ll try to correct here A Little History Several years ago Xerox introduced a Big Board based computer called the 820 It was a single density dual drive Z80 based system Xerox s choice of sin gle density was both a great limitation for the product and a great opportunity for outside outfits like SWP to sell add ons In fact SWP was soon selling alarge number of its dual density packages to Xerox Xerox then installed them on the 820 1 as a 250 upgrade and later in stalled the SWP package as standard equipment about the time that the 820 II was introduced Double density blues Irecently discovered during conversa
2. SUBSCRIPTION 1 year 6 issues ONew UO Renewal LJ 20 1st Class Air Mail Air Mail rias DISKS 8 SSSD CP M cr 86 DISKS 8 SSSD Prices include media package 1st Class postage Air Mail for Other Foreign C Check or money order enclosed Make checks payable to TOTAL US funds only payable on a US bank MICRO CORNUCOPIA ENCLOSED Card No O Visa O MasterCard Signature NAME PHONE ADDRESS CIIY o STATE aP MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 509 382 8048 ADVERTISER S INDEX Ampro Computers Inc 43 Arkon Engineering Astrotronics Microsystems Bee Mor Enterprises Biegun amp Associates Borland International C amp D Enterprises Cal Tex Computers Inc 32 Cascade Electronics Code Works CompuSophic Systems Digital Dynamics Digital Research Computers Inside Front Cover Epic Sales Ferguson Engineering Inside Back Cover Gilderfluke amp Co 27 Goodin Peripherals Graphtech Highland MicroKit Huntington Data Systems Integrand Kenmore Computer Technologies L A Software L Band Systems Linger Enterprises Inc 53 Logic Plus i 23 Manx Software Systems Back Cover MicroMethods Microprocessors Unlimited MicroSphere Inc 23 Odd Ball Electronics Optronics Technology Periphco Phenix Company Rivende
3. A LOW COST ALTERNATIVE TO EPROM PROGRAMMING Reads and programs 2716 2732 2764 and 27128 EPROMS Reads 2 16K ROMS Direct connect to any RS232C terminal or computer Plug selectable as either a data set or data terminal All voltages made on board no power supplies needed User supplies power Xformer 25 2 to 30 VAC C T 1 Amp Power electronically switched can t damage EPROMS Zero insertion force socket for EPROM Programs verifies and dumps in both ASCII and hex Edit buffer like DDT Saves hex and or image files to and from disk Saves or loads all or partial buffer Completely menu driven for ease of operation Commands of Test Read Display Save Load Program and more Check sum calculation All software on disk including well commented source code Detailed owners manual including schematic All chips socketed Not a kit Completely built and tested 48 hour dynamic burn in and test before shipment 90 day limited warranty on parts and workmanship 24 hour return policy on repairs Delivery from stock NOTICE TO PREVIOUS CUSTOMERS Send us your old disk and a suitable S A S E for your free copy of our new software ver 1 6 PROGRAMMER 4 WITH OWNERS MANUAL AND DISK 199 95 Order from c ger ipRico 1659 Scott Blvd Suite 1 e e Santa Clara CA 95050 C 408 244 5214 VISA and MASTERCARD telephone orders welcome Please specify Disk format CP M 8 IBM format KAYPRO II XE
4. KayPro Disk K7 Small C Version 2 Compiler This is a greatly extended version iy ee Cain s Small C compiler Version 2 has more expressions and larger library true subset of Unix C Disk contains compiler documentation and library everything you need KayPro Disk K8 Small C Version 2 Source This disk contains the source written in Small C of the Small C version 2 compiler Get K8 if you want to try extending the compiler You must have K7 KAYPRO USERS DISKS for KayPro II 4 and 10 The following are full disks of software assembled for the KayPro Each program has a DOC documentation file and many come with source KayPro Disk K9 ZCPR ZCPR The big news on this disk is the self installing version ZCPR available only from Micro C Once you have ZCPR in your CP M you ll never go back to straight CP M For instance ZCPR searches drive A for any program not found on drive B so even an empty disk in drive B appears to contain every program on A It s great for text editors compilers etc Works on KayPro II and 4 PASWORD Lets you encrypt and decrypt your precious files Includes source EX14 a super replacement for SUBMIT Plus many more TREK FIX FIND SNOOPY ALIENS and DIF2 KayPro Disk K10 Assemblers We ve received a lot of requests for a Z80 assembler So Dana put in some long hours getting the Crowe Z80 assembler to run on the KayPro and every other Z80 machine CROWECPM This is a first c
5. LEAP INTO A NEW DIMENSION WITH AZTEC Cll ICs 256K 64K 64K 64K 16K DYNAMIC RAM 150 ns 200 ns 150 ns 120 ns 200 ns PROMPT DELIVERY SAME DAY SHIPPING USUALLY 48 99 5 77 5 67 7 50 1 21 M EPROM 300 ns 250 ns 450 ns 450 ns 450 ns STATIC RAM 5565P 15 150ns 6264LP 15 150 ns 6116P 3 150 ns 27128 2764 2732 2716 2532 24 50 9 25 5 40 3 60 4 80 Full implementation of C with standard floating point library and I O subroutines UNIX VER 7 compatible Produces relocatable 8080 optional 0Z80 assembler code Relocating assembler and linker supplied with package or use Microsoft M80 and L80 SID ZSID debugger interface FAST COMPILATION AND EXECUTION 43 00 45 50 6 56 AZTEC CII FOR CP M 199 Special price for Micro C subscribers 149 MANX P master charge ipii one po software systems Box 55 Shrewsbury N J 07701 201 780 4004 Also available for Apple DOS HDOS CP M 86 PC DOS Tired of the slowness of BASIC Find that the bugs in FORTRAN are bugging you Step up to FORTH the language that gives you total control over your computer UNIFORTH is the only version of FORTH available either captured under an operating system such as CP M or standalone acting as its own operating system Our standalone versions are customized to your single board computer providing serial and parallel port support a real time clock formatting fast disk copy
6. Terminal Emulator UNPROTECTED terry as Now for Termtype 10 Compatible Kaypro 44 Scr oll 255 Characters wide 200 700 lines vertical Kaypro is a trademark of Kaypro Corporation Order MuNet Kaypro from Computer Service Department Southern College Collegedale TN 37315 615 238 2080 22 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 A NEW TWIST FAT JACK READING RACK SEE COPY SCREEN KEYBOARD AT THE SAME TIME EASILY ATTACHED TO ANY KAYPRO 16 WIDE AND STRONG FULLY SUPPORTS BOOKS MAGAZINES e REPORTS WITH UNIQUE PAGECLIP Dealer and group inquiries invited ONLY 17 95 51 50 Shipping Continental U S A Washington Residents Add 1 45 Sales Tax Cashier Checks amp Money Orders Shipped Promptly Personal Checks Must Clear 2 Weeks Price amp Configuration subject to change without notice The Best Accessory You ll Ever Buy For Your Kaypro ORDER FROM TWIST INC P O Box 1406 Renton WA 98057 LOW COST DISK CONTROLLER NOW FOR BB amp BBII LESS THAN 10 COMPLETE SAVE WEAR AND TEAR ON YOUR DISK DRIVES AND FLOPPIES WITH THE MODEL 3801 ALL SOLID STATE RELAY SMALL ENOUGH TO FIT EASILY INSIDE YOUR DISK DRIVE THE 38201 CAN BE INSTALLED IN MINUTES YOUR BIG BOARD WILL THEN TURN YOUR DRIVES ON AND OFF AUTOMATICALLY AS THEY ARE NEEDED FEATURES SMALL SIZE 1 75 X 1 40 X 0 35 FAST INSTALLATION DIAGRAM INCLUDED ZERO CROSSING LIMINATES ALL SWITCHIN
7. 12 24 Will power 2 drives Keyboard by Microswitch 113 Hall Effect Keys 8 Bit output with DOC with case SA800 Head SA850 Head SA800 Stepper SA850 Stepper Cascade Electronics Route 1 Box 8 Randolph MN 55065 507 645 7997 Credit Card ADD 5 MN add 6 sales tax CABINET FOR THE W I D E DISK DRIVES SA800 2 Heavy CAST ALUMINUM Cabinet 5 Cabinet Pwr Supply and Wiring for 2 drives 150 00 Quantities Limited First Come First Served Cabinets are USED and sold AS IS Pwr supplies have been tested ADD 5 Shipp Hand Charge Cards ADD 5 CASCADE ELECTRONICS ROUTE 1 BOX 8 RANDOLPH MN 507 645 7997 55065 MN add 6 sales tax Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 69 HOD ae Ls LCD GET RE AL 1 6E BIT LET x oes a 2 WovOOSYSMU INTEL 801 86 te Byte magazine Apri 83 THE Suc ER Full 8MHz 16 bit microprocessor having e z E Source for r monitor y and bi Floppy disk controller c can run the combination of 8 5 1 4 3 1 2 x Bare Kit board Rom doc a d dis lt CP M 86 available Regular U P S shipping within continental U is included 2 LI Parallel printer p c x Primers zT x m in various ots s um Asemblad and tested Mamory Board 3 Port Board and Clock A Bare Board and Doc E 6 MHz CPU for speedy delivery LICER COMPUTERS INC 2543 Marshall St inneapolis MN 55418 612 788 9481 it
8. 20 00 1 yr other foreign 26 00 Make all orders payable in U S funds on a U S bank please ADVERTISING RATES Available on request CHANGE OF ADDRESS Please send your old label and new ad dress SOFTWARE HARDWARE AND BOOK VENDORS We would very much like to review your CP M amp MSDOS compatible products Send materials to the Review Depart ment Micro Cornucopia 16 00 20 00 CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc Copyright C 1984 by Micro Cornucopia All rights reserved June 1984 The Single Board Systems Journal No 18 SOG ail Before you read further take a look at the SOG article in this issue That way you ll know if you need to throw any thing more into your duffle bag for July 26 Don t forget to bring the family Dr Dobbs The People s Computer Company has given up control of Dr Dobbs the maga zine that for many years combined heavy weight technicality and high fri volity In the last few years the high fri volity has been pretty much displaced It s title used to be Dr Dobbs Journal of Computer Calisthenics and Orthodon tia simply one way of saying Running light without over byte The People s Computer Company is the non profit computer educational group that published Dr Dobbs and be came the focal point for the public do main forth and small c folks M amp T Publishing the U S subsidiary of a large Germa
9. 349 Substantial Quantity discounts available 4mHz Z80A CPU 64K RAM Two RS232 serial ports Parallel printer port On board 19V converter e Only 5 75 x 7 75 inches Power Requirement 5VDC 75A 12VDC 05A Screws directly onto a mini floppy drive All this and CP M 2 2 also Pai UL 1 Z80A is a registered trademark of Zilog Inc COMPUTERS INCORPORATED it CP M is a registered trademark of Digital Research RP M By the author of Hayden s CP M Revealed New resident console processor RCP and new resident disk operating system RDOS replace CCP and BDOS without TPA size change User 0 files common to all users user number visible in system prompt file size and user assignmentdisplayedby DIR cross drive command file search paged TYPE display with selectable page size SUBMIT runs on any drive with multiple command files conditionally invoked by CALL An automatic disk flaw processing mechanism isolates unuseable sectors For high capacity disk systems RDOS can provide instantaneous directory access and delete redundant nondismountable disk logins RPMGEN and GETRPM automatically self install RP M on any computer currently running CP M 2 2 Source program assembly listings of RCP and RDOS appear in the RP M user s manual Manual alone 55 manual with RPMGEN COM and GETRPM COM with utilities on 8 SSSD 75 Shipping 5 10 nonUS MC VISA microMethods P O Box G 118 SW First St 67 East
10. PANASONIC HANDSFREE ADD ON e Full modular connect e Mute mode e Shipping wt 5 Ibs e 30 00 f o b our warehouse SELECTRONMICS VISA amp MasterCard Accepted 1229 S Napa Street Philadelpia PA 19146 Phone 215 468 4645 215 468 7891 Pa residents add 6 sales tax All prices f o b our warehouse All products carry a replacement warranty All merchandise accurate as to description to the best of our knowledge REMEMBER FREE Users Disks in exchange for submitted software or articles Especially for the Big Board From Micro Cornucopia P O Box 223 Bend OR 97709 503 382 8048 aaa o0 rj BB I BB II and XEROX 820 USERS DISKS The following are full 8 disks of software Each program has a DOC documentation file and many come with source USERS DISK 1 1 Two fast disk copiers 4 Two disk formatters 2 The manual for Small C 5 Modem 7 3 Crowe Z80 Assembler 6 Othello 7 Serial print routine Port B USERS DISK 2 1 Two single disk drive copy programs both with Source 2 Crowe Z80 Assembler source 3 New Crowe COM file debugged version 4 New CBIOS with parallel print driver amp other extensions for CP M 1 4 amp 2 2 5 Disk mapper with source USERS DISK 3 1 EPROM burning software for BB 1 2 Reset bit 7 unWordStar a file 3 Disk file CRC checker 4 New fast copy program amp source 5 DU77 disk inspector editor 6 FINDBAD isolates bad disk sectors 7 Print fancy pa
11. tions with employees at several Xerox stores that the dual density package on the820 I was unreliable on 3 out of 4 sys tems I must have been a member of the lucky 1 out of 4 since I had had only an occasional error I assume the problem must be drive related since drives are mechanical devices and sensitive to the environment There can also be substantial variation from drive to drive in step rate the time it takes to move the head from track to track and settling time the time it takes for the head to stop bouncing after being loaded on the disk Step Rate The disk controller used in the Xerox computer sets its speed based upon the step rate portion of the software com mand it receives Settling time is fixed by clock frequency which in turn is set by the type of disk 5 4 or 8 inch Changing the disk controller stepping rate has significant impact on system performance A fast stepping rate if it works will noticeably improve system performance All too often however high step rates make disk reads and writes unreliable Editor s note Actually the problem is not entirely the step rate You see Xerox left out the Big Board s floppy delay circuit that forces the disk controller to pause even longer after a head load before trying to read or write This extra delay allows the head to settle fully so errors are almost non existent See Figure 1 BB I floppy delay circuit Xerox found that substantially slo
12. 301 552 1295 clude menus and have the user select from a list of choices The correct way to handle menus in FORTH is to create primitive commands that perform all of the desired functions These commands can then be executed directly if the user wants to bypass the menu Then create a shell program that prints command lists prompts for user input and then passes information back to the primitive commands Always keep menus and functions separate or you lose the power of FORTH Test the primitives Since you are in terfacing with a user who could enter in correct data decide what action should be taken with invalid data and where the error checking should occur Perhaps the best method is to create a set of error checking words Then you can create the menu words I suggest having words to print the menus along with separate words that acquire the user input Remember FORTH is designed to be modular Keep functions separate and words short The printing words can use one of two techniques Fig FORTH has a word called MESSAGE that uses a message 1 a E Y N t f 1 95 AND 89 THEN YES NO t f 1 WOON AM EWA 2 O Some helpful menu style words eee other ESC entered Y N ESC KEY DUP 27 IF NEGATE ELSE DUP EMIT Same except multikey input Y N ESC PAD 10 EXPECT PAD C DUP 27 IF NEGATE ELSE 95 AND 89 THEN LIMITS val lo hi val t f 3 PI
13. BIOS character ROM Winches ter Interface ZCPR and formatter from Trevor Marshall See BB I expansion article in Issue 11 USERS DISK 20 Assemblers CROWEASM This is the Crowe assembler modi fied so that it runs on any CP M system including the BB I BB II Xerox Includes COM Z80 and DOC files LASM This assembler is similar to the ASM that comes with CP M except that it can link files at assembly time PUNTER Print routine for CROWEASM PRN iles LIBRARY Utilities which let you combine many files into one then you can run type or extrace any file within the larger system USERS DISK 21 Winchester Utilities BACKUP Helps you back up the winchester onto multiple floppies Creates a catalog of the files on each disk and includes the date of the latest backup Will not back up an unchanged file more than once Plus many more super features FLOPCOPY Lets you make floppy copies with only one floppy drive by using the winchester as a uffer BIGBURST Backs up a very large winchester file onto multiple floppies Joins the copies to recreate the original file MULTCOPY Use this like PIP but it prompts you to change disks Accepts ambiguous file names MDIR Displays files in all user areas on selected drive Many features MAKE MOVE PIP like utilities that make it easy to move files between user areas SWEEP The famous disk cleanup and transfer routine that does just about everything y
14. Interfacing Drives Installing a New BIOS Flippy Floppies C ing Clearly begins Xerox 820 begins 28 pages ISSUE NO 9 1 BB II EPROM Program Relocating Your CP M Serial Print Driver Big Board I Fixes Bringing Up WordStar Cheap RAM Disk 32 pages ISSUE NO 10 Saving a Flaky Disk Hooking Wini to BB II The Disk Inspector JRT Fix Serial Keyboard Interface Pascal Procedures 36 pages ISSUE NO 11 BB I Expansions BB II Details Dyna RAM Disk Easier Reverse Video Cursor PlannerCalc Review KayPro Column begins 36 pages ISSUE NO 12 256K for BBI Bringing Up BB II dBase II Look at WordStar Double Sided Drives for BB I Packet Radio 5MHz Mod for KayPro 40 pages MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 ISSUE NO 14 10 83 BB II Installation The Perfect Terminal 0 82 BB I Video Size Video Jitter Fix Slicer Column starts KayPro Color Graphics Review 48 pages 2 82 ISSUE NO 15 12 83 Screen Dump Listing Fixing Serial Ports Playing Adventure SBASIC Column Begins Upgrading KayPro II to 4 Upgrading KayPro 4 to 8 48 pages 2 83 ISSUE NO 16 2 84 Xerox 820 Column Restarts BB I Double Density BB II 5 8 Interface Fix begi KayPro ZCPR Patch egins Recovering Text from Memory 52 pages 4 83 ISSUE NO 17 4 84 Voice Synthesizer 820 RAM Disk Kaypro Morse Code Interf
15. Research Ine Sen Weeks f ae isle a Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 21 THE LITTLE BOARD OEM INDUSTRIAL SCIENTIFIC SECOND GENERATION SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER KIT 4 MHZ Z80 CPU 64K RAM DOUBLE DENSITY FREE CP M 2 2 m E UI E Lexy A 139 VALUE A FREE aa 5 1 4 IN CP M 2 2 TER 9 9 5 00 DISKETTE IS INCLUDED coU ETE WITH EACH KIT ML UE m l E zd E MINI SIZE A amp T UNITS E E er a ONLY 349 ib ge HB of 5 3 4 x 7 3 4 INCHES FULLY SOCKETED PERFECT MATE TO OUR ZRT 80 TERMINAL BOARD THROUGH SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT WITH AMPRO COMPUTERS WE ARE PLEASED TO OFFER THEIR LITTLE BOARD IN KIT FORM FEATURES 4 MHZ Z80 CPU DOUBLE DENSITY 5 1 4 IN FLOPPY CONTROLLER 64K DYNAMIC RAM CENTRONICS STYLE PARALLEL PRINTER PORT USES 5VDC 75 A AND 12VDC 50MA TWO RS232 SERIAL PORTS SAME SIZE AS A MINI FLOPPY 2732 BOOT EPROM TERMS Shipments will be made approximately 3 to 5 weeks after we D ig ital R esea rch C om puters receive your order VISA MC cash accepted We will accept COD s with a OF TEXAS 75 deposit Balance UPS COD Add 4 00 shipping P O BOX 461565 GARLAND TEXAS 75046 214 271 3538 USA AND CANADA ONLY LITTLE BOARD AMPRO 280 ZILOG CP M DIGITAL RESEARCH CA Attention HP 3000 Users PRINT on parallel printer emulates HP thermal MOVE ASCII files between HP disk and Kaypro disk Upload requires one time access to SPL
16. This version is fixed so that you can pass control characters such as cntl P to the system and you can choose to have it recognize the semi colon for drive select as well as the colon So you can enter B or B to select drive B Super neat ZPCR for those of you who don t know makes CP M a lot friendlier It searches drive A for any COM file it doesn t find on the current drive the TYPE command scrolls text 24 lines at a time and a new LIST command outputs a file to the printer Something special for your Kaypro Kaypro Disk K23 SM we Fast Terminal Software amp New BYE This disk contains interrupt driven terminal pro grams for all Kaypros If you are tired of being limited to 1200 baud when you use your Kaypro as a terminal then take heart With these pro grams your Kaypro can outrun the big boys by receiving and sending up to 19 200 baud without dropping a single character Also anew version of BYE that not only lets you run your Kaypro remotely but also figures out whether you have a 63K or 64K system so it will run with any Kaypro using an external modem Kaypro Disk K24 MBASIC Games amp Keyboard Translator we We sifted through many many games before coming up with these gems All will work on any Kaypro and all come in MBASIC source USOPEN shows you the fairway on the screen You select the club and direction for each stroke After you reach the green the display shifts to show detai
17. Xebec 1410 Controller SBC O64 esesssessessesssoeeesesossersssee 150 7 HX7 WX10 D IBM Host Xebec EEEIEE E E SBC 8010 nier re eei eheu e seruos 129 15 00 Apple Host Xebec eene AMD 6Slot Card Cage Fan 129 S 100 Host Xebec nnn NAT 8432 Eprom Programmer 119 Multibus Host Xebec IET ic ae svsevecuscensonssenscseverossenesses 600 Nm Software for above sss NEEL fee Rhee A a ROBINSON NUGENT IC SOCKETS Xerox amp Bigboard Host Epic 75 l a A Low Profile Solder Tail Sockets All Sizes 10 Each 70 1000 25 00 Minimun Order XEROX DISK DRIVE CABLES Disk Drives Cables 514 20 Xerox 820 8 cccccsccsssccccccssscesossceees ALL PRODUCTS BACKED BY OUR 90 DAY GUARANTEE 64K Dram200ns 525 Order Line 214 272 5724 9 8 CST Store Hours 9 6 M F 9 1 Sat TERMS Master Card Visa American Express add 3 service charge Allow 10 days for checks 1 4 00 Minimum UPS charge 1 65 for COD Dallas MTA Area 6 All other Texas Residents 5 Sales Tax Parallel Printing With the Xerox 820 By James W Mink While there have been several Micro C articles covering how to connect paral lel printers with the Big Board and while much of that information applies directly to the Xerox 820 there is a difference be tween the two systems that hasn t y
18. begin elrser For other Pascals writeln dashes for i 1 to 7 do begin writeln fences writeln dashes end end procedure write_prompts ME EL gn be pap bog ges write chr clear_screen Put prompts for basic input data on screen for later use begin gotoxy 1 17 Turbo uses screen coordinates 1 80 1 24 other Pascals usually use 0 79 0 23 4 See uC issue 10 for a gotoxy if your Pascal write ASCII char gotoxy 1 19 write Char width gotoxy 1 21 write Descended gotoxy 1 23 write Data for column end does not have this procedure built in Listing continued next column 14 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 the mechanics of dot wire movement you cannot print dots next to one anoth er horizontally except in full dot incre ments Descended characters are printed with the lowermost 7 print wires while nor mal above the line characters are print ed with the upper seven To provide space between characters at least one full dot width is allocated The character then will be a 9 half dot wide by 7 dot procedure display_column_data col high pattern within a 6 dot wide by 9 dot high grid The Star Micronics printers allow you to completely redefine the printable characters by downloading dot data into the printer s memory Using this meth od itis possible to print Hebrew Arabic Cyrillic Russian or any of
19. mation while how long it is closed can determine velocity Some computers such as the Spec travideo build joysticks into the key board But alas my own Kaypro II has but four cursor control keys and horror of horrors they re not even arranged ina diamond pattern Key Organizations It occurred to me one day that if a sim ple keyboard is only an array of switch es and a joystick is similarily an array of switches why can t the latter be used in place of the former Since the warranty on my machine had just expired and I am the curious type only six screws kept me from finding out theanswer Kaypro IL owners the plastic tabs on the sides of the keyboard need not be removed A quick look inside the keyboard showed that it was indeed a simple key board The keys contained mechanical switches not any of the more sophisti cated capacitance or magnetic jobs So far so good Off to the store I went in search of the cheapest joystick After a bit of shop ping I happened upon a Taiwanese copy of the Atari 2600 in a toy store for a Figure 1 Joystick Pins 1 UP 2 DOWN 3 LEFT 4 RIGHT 6 FIRE 8 COMMON KEYBOARD mere 7 The box indicated that the joy stick was usable on Atari Sears and Commodore Vic 20 home computers The connector looked familiar to me much like the common DB 25 connector but smaller and with only 9 pins I had seen this used on some computers as a serial connector A trip ne
20. the joystick Secondly it s all too easy to 12 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 STOR MOR PORTABLE PLATED MEDIA 2YEAR WARRANTY DELPHI 15 MB HARD DISK SYSTEM Enclosure Switching Power Supply SASI Controller WINIF Host Adapter Cables CP M 2 2 Software Supports most CP M Computers COMPONENTS KITS AVAILABLE 15MB SYSTEM TWICE MOR UPGRADE YOUR II or 4 to a 4 or 8 twice the storage on FLOPPY DISK DRIVES DSDD Drives 390K QUAD DENSITY 96TPI 794k WUE 1999 00 22500 27900 Sumner WA 98390 Terms M C VISA COD Money Order Shipping UPS in Continental US Kaypro is a registered Trademark of Kaypro Yahoo Software Chameleon by Seequa BEE MOR ENTERPRISES 22 182nd Avenue East 206 862 6310 mc 9 5 Pacific Time NISA Registered Check Two week delay for checks P P insured Outside US Prepaid Tax 7 8 for Washington Residents Corp WordStar is a trademark of MicroPro PacMan is a trademark of Atari Ladder Campaq Computor Corp Otrona Advanced Systems T owe Default OB OA 08 oC CATCHUM 38 32 34 36 LADDER 8 2 4 6 ALIENS 20 2E 2C OF SP Figure 3 Cursor Key Assignments HEX hold the stick in one position and have the auto repeat move the cursor too rap idly Games however are a different story altogether The Kaypro II now comes with a games disk Three of the games use key strokes to move the protagonist around Two of
21. 0 in fetch Screen variables are set up in screen and input is accepted by the fetch command Variables can then be picked up as strings out of the re sponsearray At this point the interactive input routines are reasonably complete and you should store them in a file named library bas so you can call them whenev er you need them Library bas makes SBASIC a much higher level language Of course this is the aim of structured programing Using SBASIC s include compiler command we will now begin the check register data base program in earnest a suburb of Toledo Type this program into your computer and com pile it Check number Date Press lt cntl gt C to quit var checknumber today string 8 var total_so_far fixed checknumber 1 today 00 00 00 total so far 0 repeat begin screen 05 61 n 05 00 checknumber screen 07 57 99 99 99 today date screen 10 13 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXn rn un screen 10 56 d 06 02 n screen 14 07 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX n wu screen 16 07 1111111 n nm nn fetch checknumber str val response 1 1 today response 2 total_so_far total_so_ far val response 4 21 20 print Total of checks entered so far print using 8 total_so_ far end until halt 20 FOR SALE SA800 2 Disk Drive SA850 Disk Drive Guaranteed 60 Days Standard Mounting Switching Power Supply 5
22. 172 Tustin CA 92680 Editor s note Thanks a lot Greg Dana and I hadn t even thought about doing it this way We tried it and it works fine This is a great device select shortcut for all of you who are upgrading a Kaypro II to a 4 P d d P d ee ON OM OM HR RM MH HM HM HM o BIG BOARD COLOR GRAPHICS 29 57 TMS 9918A Based Graphics System 256H 192V x 32 Simultaneous Fast Moving Sprites x Composite Video Output x Highest Quality PC Construction Software Includes Character amp Sprite Editor Demo Program In Pascal amp Basic x Drivers Are Above The Monitor For Use With High Level Languages Requires 1 trace cut and 1 jumper see adding 6K of Ram MicroC 7 Plugs Into U7 U7 Still Available for Prom with Jumper TMS9918A Graphics Chip 34 Check x Money Order COD GRAPHTECH P O Box 1185 McPherson KS 67460 316 241 6330 Call for Availability amp Price of Parts Kit Kansas Residents Add 4 Tax Include 3 For Postage amp panang Allow Four to Six Weeks for Delivery 16 Colors a ae or OR ee es ae RE RE RN X 0X 0X X 0 0 0X 0X 0 yyy X Dear Editor I would like to ask a quick question that you may want to answer in a future column I ve installed both the Pro Character and Pro Monitor ROMs pur chased from you I ve also purchased Plu Perfect Writer and Keypad up grades In their manual they mention that some of 5 MHz upgrades will not work
23. Controller for SS DS Floppy Disks The new Cal Tex single board computer has a multiple density disk controller It can use 1793 or 8877 controller chips since it generates the side signal with TTL parts The board has two connectors for disk signals one with 34 pins for 5 25 drives the other with 50 pins for 8 drives f B Vastly Improved CRT Display The new Ferguson SBC uses a 6845 CRT controller and SMC 8002 video attributes controller to produce a display rivaling the display of quality terminals There are three display modes Character block graphics and line graphics The board emulates an ADM 31 with 24 lines of 80 characters formed by a 7x9 dot matrix B STD Bus The new Ferguson computer has an STD Bus port for easy system expansion B DMA The new Ferguson computer has a Z80 A DMA chip that will allow byte wise data transfers at500 KBytes per second and bit serial transfers via the Z80 A SIO at 880 Kbits per second with minimal processer overhead When a hard disc subsystem is added the DMA chip makes impressive disk performance possible CAL TEX COMPUTERS INC 780 E TRIMBLE ROAD 504 SAN JOSE CA 95131 408 942 1424 545 UNKIT 245 PC BOARD WITH 16 PARTS SIZE 8 75 x 15 5 POWER 5V 3A 12V 0 1A Bl SASI Interface for Winchester Disks Our Big Board II implements the Host portion of the Shugart Associates Systems Interface Adding a Winchester disk drive is no harder than attaching a
24. Evelyn Ave Mountain View CA94041 415 969 0930 Xerox 820 Double Density Monitor continued software set the speed at 6 ms I changed mine to 10 ms and voila no more disk errors Two friends who had experi enced an even high error rate with their systems set their step rates at 15 ms and their disk errors disappeared entirely If the speed problem in the double density package were the sole deficien Cy it would be easy to just patch the problem with DDT However once I got started I couldn t leave well enough alone You see every time I did a warm boot I was left in drive A I much pre ferred to return to the default drive Since I had disassembled both the BI OS and the monitor I figured I might as well go all out and add everything I could think of such as turning the bare ly used Z80 CTC into a real time clock calendar and millisecond timer provide a clock display and add motor time out for 8 inch drives You might think that making all of these changes requires hardware modifi cation Nope In order to accommodate a large 1K disk buffer and have more da ta storage SWP squeezed their monitor into F000 F7FF leaving F800 FFFF basi cally free My new monitor is loaded into memo ry by the disk boot routine so the origi nal Xerox monitor is overlaid immediate ly And so changes could not be easier no need to burn new EPROMs just patch the system tracks A New Double Density Monitor The C
25. MHz A T 64k with printer buffer EPROM 459 00 64k byte bank of RAM 8 4164s 200nsec 79 00 S H within N A 10 00 S H foreign orders 15 00 BIG BOARD I XEROX 820 PORT EXPANDER interfaces through the Z80 CPU socket and 1 jumper to con nect the IEO IEI daisy chain adds 2 PIOs SIO CTC and a DMA controller FULL MODE 2 INTERRUPT OPERATION Works with 2 5MHz and 4MHz systems Complete documentation STAND ALONE U I E 256k bytes of RAM with DMA capability 4 fully buffered 8 bit parallel ports 4 Mhz use Z80A parts and 200 nsec dynamic RAM 2 5 MHz use Z80 parts and 250 nsec dynamic RAM configurable EPROM socket 2716 thru 27256 4 fully buffered 8 bit parallel ports 2 configurable RS232C serial ports Complete documentation orders shipped within 10 days A R O Biegun amp Associates P O Box 4071 Stn B Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 5K8 CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Inc Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 39 Order Line i1 17251 F PI C S A L ES 132 Plano Walnut Center 9 AM 8 PM CST Garland Texas 75040 54 WINCHESTER SUB SYSTEM 8 FLOPPY DRIVES 5 DRIVE SUB SYSTEM SIEMENS FDD 200 8 DSDD 8 Floppy Drives Shugart 850 Compatible 229 NEW DSDD Includes 2 5 Half High Panasonic Drives Power Supply amp Case Vert or Horiz Includes 10M Seagate ST 412 Drive Host Adapter Board Controller Board Softwa
26. Write I O Ports Disc Read Drive Track Sector and Search PFM occupies one of the four 2716 EPROM locations provided Z 80 is a Trademark of Zilog Digital Research Computers OF TEXAS P O BOX 461565 e GARLAND TEXAS 75046 214 271 3538 TERMS Shipments will be made approximately 3 to 6 weeks after we receive your order VISA MC cash accepted We will accept COD s for the Big Board only with a 75 deposit Balance UPS COD Add 4 00 shipping USA AND CANADA ONLY TRADEMARK OF DIGITAL RESEARCH NOT ASSOCIATED WITH DIGITAL RESEARCH OF CALIFORNIA THE ORIGINATORS OF CPM SOFTWARE 1 TO 4 PIECE DOMESTIC USA PRICE MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 503 382 8048 Editor amp Publisher David J Thompson Assistant Editor Eric Belden Graphic Design Sandra Thompson Technical Department Dana Cotant Eric Roby Advertising Director Alice Holbrow Staff Assistants Dorcas Dsenis Tracey Braas Cary Gatton Typography Patti Morris amp Martin White Irish Setter MICRO CORNUCOPIA is the single board systems journal sup porting systems programming lan guages and single board systems including the Big Board Big Board II Xerox 820 Kaypro and Slicer MICRO CORNUCOPIA is pub lished six times a year by Micro Cor nucopia of Oregon P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 SUBSCRIPTION RATES 1 yr 6 issues 1 yr first class 1 yr Canada amp Mexico
27. be transmitted or received by a modem Both channels can be set up for either data communication or data terminals Supports mode 2 Int Price for all parts and connectors 39 95 BASIC 1 O Consists of separate parallel port Z80 PIO for use with an ASCII encoded keyboard for input Output would be on the 80 x 24 Video Display BLANK PC BOARD 99 95 The blank Big Board PC Board comes complete with full documentation including schematics the character ROM the PFM 3 3 MONITOR ROM and a diskette with the source of our BIOS BOOT and PFM 3 3 MONITOR ALL SALES MADE SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF OUR 90 DAY LIMITED WARRANTY FREE COPY ON REQUEST The Big Board gives you the right mix of most needed computing features all on one board The Big Board was designed from scratch to run the latest version of CP M Just imagine all the off the shelf software that can be FEATURES Remember all this on one board x ow Cas Re C ACE IE PAS PES e us x Pes ae ty tg serine cape Schematics 5 Pau 2053 Full Documentation and g tuttgpouttpess et Lee ete estt I EE vie aea ete tuta eh AE ere e OE ED PESE Dia DOO accidat B Big OO 64k Kit oard may just be one of the most reliable single board computers available today This is the same design that 4 BASIC 1 0 SIZE 8 2 x 13 IN SAME AS AN 8 IN DRIVE REQUIRES 5V 3 AMPS 12V 9 5 AMPS 24 x 80 CHARACTER VIDEO With a crisp fl
28. busi ness counting on contributions of ex pertise and money from a core group to get them into a position where they can ship product This core group should contain all the skills needed to get the business going Skills They ll need a business attorney pref erably one with experience in high tech startups His immediate responsibility will be papers of incorporation and how the stock will be issued 48 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 They ll need a manager business marketing person preferably one with bank connections and high tech experi ence His immediate responsibility will be to make an early market survey get lines of credit from suppliers and draw up a business plan Jim and his brother will be the hard ware engineers but they may also need a good technician a good technical writ er illustrator and one or more systems software heavyweights who are familiar with CP M Start up Money Then they will have to figure out how much it will cost to get the product to market Be sure to include paid help at least a secretary to answer the phone during business hours office space if necessary business stationery busi ness phone prototyping costs the first manufacturing run supplies parts long distance calls and everything else Once they have a total for everything they can think of they should double the figure the second half is for Murphy Feelers Getting the right people into
29. carefully insert the prime ICs we supply in the proper sockets and systematically proceed to bring up and test the board CP M is a registered trademark of Digital Research Terms Orders paid for with a cashier s check or bank card will be shipped within three working days Orders paid for with a personal check will be shipped within three weeks Add 5 for packing amp shipping in North America Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Talking Serially to Your Parallel Printer By Tony Ozrelic A number of people have asked me about their printers It seems that they would like to use their parallel port for other purposes a ramdisk perhaps but cannot wean their parallel printers easily Here is a simple RS 232 to parallel con verter which uses four IC s and costs about ten bucks It lets you change baud rates transmission format etc easily and takes its power from the printer 5v 40mA How It Works RS 232 serial data comes in on pin 3 This typically 12 volt signal is level shifted and inverted by Q1 which feeds it to the UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter This chip con tains all the works necessary to convert the serial data to parallel and detect such Figure 1 RS 232 to Parallel Converter Q 5V 4 TK RS 232 4 Connecter Signal pin 10K gt 20 exp RD 3 a Va 282222A 1N914 ZN V o t5V Q2 2N2907 v TK DTR 20 Q2 2N2907A War 1K lt INQ 1OuF I6 V E 141504
30. characters each Kaypro Disk K25 Z80 Macro Assembler This is a real Z80 macro assembler Syntax closely follows RMAC and MAC Also includes pseudo ops to support conditional assembly etc No phase or relocatable code though Kaypro Disk K26 EPROM Programmer amp Character Editor This is the software for the Kaypro EPROM programmer written up in Issue 18 This software and the programmer turn your Kaypro into a very powerful development system You can read ROMs write ROMs save data on disk and restore data from disk Plus you get a character editor which will help you design custom character ROMs for the non graphic Kaypros continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 25 KAYPRO COLUMN continued Computer Components Unlimited We ve received a number of calls from people who ordered new CDC drives from Computer Components Unlimited and have received units marked Refur bished or Repaired When we start getting complaints about an outfit that we ve mentioned in the magazine I wonder whether it s worth giving anyone a plug We did purchase two CDCs from them The drives were new and worked greatso we mentioned them Anyway I called CCU to see what was going on after all some of the drives had not only been used they were defi nitely defective Tom McKessy said that he had pur chased the drives as surplus from an OEM He has been getting about 20 per cent back
31. file and compare it to the stored checksum 6708 Melrose Los Angeles CA 90038 Figure 1 CK C A File Checker Program Copyright c 198 by L A Software 6708 Meirose Los Angeles CA 90038 213 932 0817 All rights reserved Permission granted to use this software for personal noncommercial purposes only Commercial users may obtain an OEM license Contact L A Software at the above address ek c a file checker ck is used to assure the user that all files on a disk are readable and have not been tampered with or damaged since the last time the checksum file was written ck is used like this ek drive Where drive is the letter of the drive the disk is on If drive is omitted ck assumes you want to check drive A If no checksum file is present ck pulls and sorts the directory from the disk and reads each file forming a checksum which is then written to the file ck dat finclude qstdio h bdos function calls define RESET 13 reset disk system define SRCHNFIRST 17 search for first directory match define SRCH4NEXT 18 search for next directory match define SETDMA 26 set DMA address miscellaneous definitions define BUFSIZE 26 128 size of checksum buffer typically one track define MAXFILES 1024 maximum number of files in disk directory define ERR 2 nUsage nck drive n user error prompt string char ckname a ck dat name of file checksum da
32. floppy disk drive A user simply 1 runs a fifty conductor ribbon cable from a header on the board to a Xebec controller that costs only 295 and implements the controller portion of the SASI interface 2 cables the controller to a Seagate Technology ST 506 hard disk or one compatible with it and 3 provides power for the controller card and drive Since our CBIOS contains code for communicating with hard disks that s all a user has to do to add a Winchester to a system E Two Synchronous Asynchronous Serial Ports With a Z80 A SIO O and a Z80 A CTC as a baud rate generator the new Ferguson computer has two full RS232 C ports It autobauds on both E A Parallel Keyboard Port Four Other Parallel Ports for User I O The new Cal Tex single board computer has one parallel port for an ASCII keyboard and four others for user defined I O Two Z80 A CTCs Eight Programmable Counters Timers The new Ferguson computer has two Z80 A CTCs One is used to clock data into and out of the Z80 A SIO O while the other is for systems and applications use E PROM Programming Circuitry The new Cal Tex SBC has circuitry for programming 2716s 2732 A s or pin combatible EEPROMs E CP M 2 2 CP M with Russell Smith s CBIOS for the new Cal Tex computer is available for 150 The CBIOS is available separately for 25 The unkit is a fully socketed wave soldered Big Board II It requires NO soldering All an unkit purchaser must do is
33. for certain input values They are three times faster than the originals and keep 12 to 13 place accuracy Any interest in a copy Also I need a patch for JRT PASCAL V3 0 so it returns zero on multiply un derflow rather than returning an error condition Several JRT Functions bomb out for certain inputs because of this Dennis J Gooding 6 Jos Reed Lane Acton MA 01720 Editor s note Anyone needing these routines should get in contact with Dennis EMEN HIR 44 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Look I m going to keep pestering you about the SOG until all 5000 of you sign up now that would be a SOG For you uninitiated folks the SOG is the Semi Official Get together And since this is the third annual Get togeth er itis SOG III The dates are July 27 and 28 for the SOG itself There is white wa ter rafting on Thursday July 26 and tours around the Central Oregon area this is an incredible recreation area on Sunday July 29 You are encouraged to bring your whole family If you want to know why I m putting on the SOG I m doing it to 1 Share that very strong feeling of community that had developed within the Micro C group we feel it all year long you can feelit too if you come to the SOG 2 Get a chance to visit face to face with some very super people 3 Encourage entrepreneurial types to move to Central Oregon Actually this is my primary motive don t breath a word but us low b
34. from purchasers because they are defective He said he would be glad to replace any defective units and that they were putting the bad ones in a to be repaired pile Once the defective units have been re paired he says he is selling them to deal ers rather than sending them to mail or der customers But then who gets them in the end When I asked him why people were receiving drives with repair stickers he said they might have been pulled from the wrong pile So if your CCU CDC has a repair or refurbish tag you might want to send it back for a replacement If your PRO 8 is acting strangely especially if you have two quad drives and one is not working correctly then the drive is probably your problem Anyway I understand that CCU is out of the drives now anyway In case you need to get a hold of them the phone number is 1 800 847 1718 Driving On and On Meanwhile I ve been getting rave re views about the TEAC model 55F drives from National Diskon Corp They are half power half height perfect for four drives inside a Kaypro and we haven t heard a single negative comment I ve also heard some murmuring that Diskon may have Shugart 465 quad density half wide drives Many people think these are the best quad density drives on the market Diskon s phone number is 415 490 7150 and the TEACSs are about 215 each I purchased some Epson half wide double sided double density drives at the Computer Faire 1
35. if you have a Il or 4 Also if you have a Kaypro Il which says KAYPRO on the boot prompt rather than KAYPRO Il please indicate this EJ The features it will add to your Kaypro include iIderfluke amp Co 120 Midway Drive Space 043 Anaheim Calif 92805 714 776 2207 AVAILABLE SOON FOR THE AND 10 s Dealer inquiries are invited Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 27 86 World By David Thompson This is a new column that hopefully will combine the best of the information we have on the 8086 world In a way it may not make much sense to put the Co power board and Slicer in the same col umn After all in terms of processing power they are at opposite ends of the spectrum On the other hand software is one of the main unifying forces in this industry and both the Slicer and the Co power can run 8086 code In many ways the Co power board is nothing to write home about It is slow and it can cause heat problems inside a Kaypro On the other hand it is a rela tively inexpensive glimpse into the 86 world if you already have a Kaypro or Big Board More importantly you aren t trapped if you find you need more powerful hardware You can simply move your software onto a Slicer and you re on your way Often for less than the combined cost of a Kaypro and the Co power board Let s take a quick look at the some times confusing world of the 8088 8086 an
36. is a step voltage that stays active until the printer acknowledges data rather than a one microsecond pulse I used the connections between con nector J8 and the printer as shown in fig ure 2 As you can see from figure 2 I make sure each signal wire has a ground wire associated with it I have found that this is good practice because you can use longer cables between the computer and its peripherals 1305 Wagram Court Raleigh NC 27609 Figure 1 Jumpers for J11 Port A upper direction 9 10 Port A lower direction 17 18 Port A ready 7 8 switched Figure 2 Xerox 820 to Printer Connections PIO Channel A Xerox 820 Connector J8 Parallel Printer Centronics compatible AMPHENOL 57 30360 pin no pin no STROBE 2 BUSY 11 READY 4 STROBE 1 BIT 0 6 DATA 1 2 BIT 1 8 DATA 2 3 BIT 2 10 DATA 3 4 BIT 3 12 DATA 4 5 BIT 4 14 DATA 5 6 BIT 5 16 DATA 6 T BIT 6 18 DATA 7 8 BIT 7 20 DATA 8 9 GND 1 28 GND 3 19 GND 5 20 GND T 21 GND 9 22 GND 11 23 GND 13 24 GND 15 25 GND 17 26 GND 19 27 GND 21 16 PUT TIME OUT OF MIND INTO MEMORY WITH MICROCRON Finally a real time calendar clock for the 820 820II and Big Board Time stamp files document printouts Your computer need never ask YOU the time again We use an OKI clock chip with a lithium battery backup Crystal controlled to time resolutions Of one second 12 24 hr format even keeps track of leap year Board simply plugs into parallel port P
37. is what is needed by the UART Now 9600 baud times sixteen gives 153 6kHz and pin 11 of IC2 has 153 846kHz on it which is off by 0 16 Not bad for a three chip circuit using standard parts and well within the 196 timing variation allowed by the RS 232 standard Helpful Hints I wirewrapped this adapter together in a couple of hours It works ok for my purposes but I do have some sugges tions If your printer has a serial option by all means buy it You will save time and money in the long run plus you will have something that is designed to work perfectly with your printer If you still insist on being cheap don t forget that ALL PRINTERS ARE NOT CREATED EQUAL Study your printer manual carefully Does it work with this interface Willit power it I don t know and don t call me up to ask either You may have to tinker a little before things get going which brings me to the subject of software Talking Serially There have been a number of articles in Micro C about serial interfaces and modifying your CP M BIOS Don t for get that you will need to tweak your soft ware to talk serially instead of parallel Also be sure that all your software ceases to talk to the parallel ports once you have weaned your printer I know of one case where a guy s system blew up every time he did a warm boot because his BIOS tried to initialize the ramdisk as a printer an incredibly fast printer but a printer all the same For
38. meaning that you can t have blanks after text unless SPACES is used explicitly The other method is to use dot quote and imbed the text in your printing word The output is obvious and fast You can format each string to suit your tastes A text string can be up to 255 char acters in length using dot quote One of this method s disadvantages is that you are constrained to the 16x64 format when storing the printing word on disk so you usually have to put the message on two lines Accepting user input is accomplished with the words KEY EXPECT Y N and GETNUM KEY will bring in a single character without echo Always follow KEY with DUP and EMIT to give the user positive feedback EXPECT inputs a text string with a buffer address and count limit on the stack I normally use PAD as the text buffer because EXPECT adds one or more nulls at the end of the string Then I use a word such as EXPCNT shown in screen 1 to parse the string and return a byte count followed by a CMOVE to the string s final destination FORTH 83 in cludes SCAN a user variable which con tains the byte count for EXPECT Y N is defined in screen 1 It is a direct method of testing for a Y N or abort en try performing lower to upper case conversion if necessary Note that it uses KEY meaning that it returns to the call ing word after a single keystroke entry You may prefer to allow a suffixed car riage return keystroke or perhaps the entry of th
39. monitor use in ROM or as overlay 5 CURSOR prompts you for cursor char you want 6 UMPIRE very fancy RAM test 7 ZSIDFIX display improvement for ZSID 8 PIPPAT modify PIP so you can reset system from within PIP 9 G Lets you use the BB as a calculator including HEX aa 10 SORT sort package written in C80 USERS DISK 14 BB II Software 1 PRO32 latest 2732 reader amp programmer 2 SMODEM2 lets BB II talk to Hayes Smartmodem 3 GRAFDEMO demonstrates BB II graphics in BASIC 4 ATTRTEST demonstrates BB II graphics in JRT Pascal 5 INITSIO initializes port B for 300 or 1200 baud 6 MENU displays menu of COM files enter number to run file 7 SETCLK sets realtime clock built into BB II B PRINT2 modified print which accesses BB II clock 9 BOX draws a thin line box on screen determined by HL and BC 10 ALIENS space invaders arcade game 11 LISTSET printer interface auto enables RTS ignores DCD USERS DISK 15 Word Processing 1 EDIT very fancy line editor similar to EX Unix Includes help menu programmable key and full manual on disk 2 TED simple minded line editor easy to learn amp use Very fast 3 TTYPE typing training program written in BASIC 4 TINYPLAN very simple minded spreadsheet Whets your appetite for a fancy one 5 C80 Text Utilities 6 CHOP cuts off file after N bytes 7 ENTAB replace spaces with tabs where possible 8 MS double or triple spaces a file to output 9 RTW removes trailing spa
40. of the original Big Board we felt there would be a good market for an attractive yet low cost custom enclosure We have had designed THE perfect enclosure for your Big Board and two eight inch drives CP M 86 15 00 each 8 CP M 86 Disk DISK 86 1 Disk Utilities D CMD A86 SD CMD A86 XDIR CMD AS86 Three extended directory pro cane Each does it differently so we included all three FILE EXT CMD AS86 Disk status program with good display format PAGE CMD AS6 A text paging program Dis plays 24 lines at a time PRINT CMD AS86 File printing routine Puts a header at the top of each page along with page number and file name MUCHTEXT CMD A86 Counts words and lines in a text file ERQ CMD A86 Selective file erase program Displays all selected files and then asks you one at a time for a Y N INUSE CMD A86 Prints In Use on your terminal and asks for a password It will not release the console until you enter the password FINDBAD CMD A867 Finds and collects bad sectors on a disk If there are no bad sectors information on the disk is unaltered FEATURES Custom Designed for the original Big Board Heavy Duty all aluminum construction Mounts Two SA800 801R or equiv drives Vertically Has extra space for Switching or Linear Power Supplles Attractive painted cream finish with natural aluminum pre punched back plate x Pre punched cut outs for cooling fan 3 DB25 conn video conn keyboard
41. present that information here In the next issue of Micro C we ll cover the upgrade features in detail Xerox 820 Bulletin Boards Both of these boards are run by Xerox technicians and these are supposed to be the best systems for 820 users California Stu Anthony 714 599 2109 24 hrs 300 and 1200 baud Conneticut Americare 203 232 3180 24 hrs 300 and 1200 baud Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 43 LETTERS Dear Editor Anyone interested in the FALCO DA TA PRODUCTS TS 1 terminal should contact Don Gurath Able Microcomputer Systems 308 So Abel St Milpitas CA 95035 408 262 0774 Don sells an OEM version of the TS 1 with his own AMCS 2 label for 795 new and sells used ones for less At the present time he has both new and used units in stock Don was instrumental in starting the South Bay Kaypro Users Group and has continued to provide support and ser vice to the members Of the eight computer magazines that I subscribe to yours is the only one that I read from cover to cover In addition it takes the highest priority on my list Do you have any plans of going monthly in the near future G Bill Jimenez 127 El Bosque Drive San Jose CA 95134 Editor s note Actually we ve been so slow that our im mediate goal is to get out bi monthly Dear Editor I recently received disk K19 Prowriter graphics I am delighted It is the first timeIhave been able to access the graph ics p
42. s This board actually runs off the SIO instead of the PIO so the joystick capabilities as de scribed in issue 16 Extending MicroS phere s Color Graphics System no longer apply to this new board The joystick described in this issue will work fine with new or the old color graphics board since in the absence of a joystick the cursor control keys are used to determine di rections Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 13 Pascal Procedures By John P Jones Many times I have been asked if I ev er use BASIC for programming The an swer is no not any more and in this col umn we will look at why BASIC Interpretation Speaking to friends who still use BAS IC routinely I found that they prefer the language because of its convenience The most popular BASICs are interpret ed and have a built in source editor of some kind eliminating the need for a separate compile before execution This makes the edit test cycle in program ming very fast especially since most BASICs reference erroneous source code by line number On the other hand few if any inter preted BASICs allow for structuring of programs This means that most pro grams will require multiple GOTO s and can be extremely difficult to maintain All variables in interpreted BASIC are global throughout the program making unwanted side effects more likely There are a few BASICs available which allow structured programming and local variabl
43. t be popular with wives children and friends A significant financial investment makes the time commitment a lot easier especially as the initial enthusiasm wanes and the team gets into month af ter month of designing and writing and debugging and chasing parts Plus there are all those other petty little details that are hard to plan for like divorce death and major earthquakes The money be comes a sort of no fault insurance Outside of one notable exception I ve found that people who have no money invested in a start up they re donating just their time for a piece of the action won t follow through when the going gets difficult and it always gets difficult People who don t follow through are real killers They will report that their part of the project is coming along just fine However someone will be forced to put in 20 hour days doing catch up duty once the problem is discovered And then the non contributor will have the gaul to demand a share of the business once things get off the ground The Benefits There are a number of people in the Central Oregon area who are between the ages of 30 and 40 and who have moved up from the silicon valley after participating in startups They are re tired millionaires Of course not all the CP M 2 2 LICENSE AND SUPPORT CP M 2 2 License and disk for Scull Tek Big Board 95 00 Reconfiguration of above for BBI Xerox 820 8 SSSD or Xerox 820 5 SS
44. the core group is going to be critical to the success of the business so this process needs to be thorough but relatively quick Any thing that drags on and on really kills enthusiasm Jim needs to put outa lot of feelers He needs to mention to marketing and busi ness people he knows that there is a start up company looking for sharp management and see what names come up He might especially look for recent retirees who have a solid track record These usually have time low money requirements and are usually itching to have something to play with Heis looking for enthusiasm skill ex perience commitment and money You see he should take the total capital needed to start the company and divide it by the number of people in the core group That figure will be the approxi mate minimum that each person will have to pony up to get in Jim can bea little flexible in this area but not too flexi ble In issue 19 we ll cover ways to give extra compensation to those who con EX Mc y tribute the most time and effort at the be ginning and we ll cover in more detail the many tasks that need to be done dur ing the start up Commitment Commitment Many of these key people will have full time jobs as well as numerous activi ties outside of work These are busy peo ple and they will have to make a solid commitment to give up all their extra ac tivities for a year or more this won
45. the keypad to work I ve tried the patch just as listed and then because I thought any changes made by DDT had to be saved I tried save 34 ZCPM COM after DDT That didn t work either nor did anything else I tried I ve followed the instructions even re installing ZCPR several times when trying to modify it But nothing seems to make the keypad work I get nothing with 1 Control L with 4 etc Any suggestions W F Gephart 7117 Joyce Way Dallas TX 75225 Editor s note Start with thesystem tracks from the CPM master disk Edit INSTALL SUB as follows Delete the first line MOVCPM Insert the folowing 4 lines at the top of the file 1st SYSGEN 2nd A 3rd Hold down shift key and hit 4th Dear Editor Ireceived my copy of Micro C and just finished reading it for the first time I was quite surprised to see my name in the letter department I was even more em barrassed to think that I might have asked dumb questions Iam running on my very small genera tor right now I had to write when I saw my name in type Since I took the 3rd 6 volt battery off line to power my dune buggy solcan save that 500 foot walk to the shop many times a day I have not been using the KayPro I also have to make a bigger heat sink After about 20 minutes it gets too hot to touch so I am afraid to run it for very long I must tell you about a few problems I have encountered I took the trusty Kay
46. the latest scoop here in the Kaypro column Kaypro Disk K20 Software for MicroSphere s Color Graphics Board SKETCH This is an interactive sketching program written in SBASIC PIE These make up a pie chart gener ator package PACMAN C PACMAN COM This is a newer fancier more configura ble version of PACMAN for the color graphics board written in Aztec C Kaypro Disk K21 Screen Dump Programs amp SBASIC Primer This disk is absolutely dynamite It contains games educational programs and utilities all of which double as ex amples of SBASIC programs Also you can pay from 60 to 100 for a screen dump from a commercial outfit but you won t get better software than DUMP and we even include the source Then check out DIR DRIVER and SCROLL This disk is as important an of fering as K2 DIR This is a new fancy version of SWEEP transfer files delete files print display tag that occupies only 4K on the disk DUMP This program dumps all the data on your screen to your printer while you are in any program You can make a hardcopy record off anything that shows up on the screen The DUMP programs on this disk support every available Kaypro and include source Dana and several very special subscrib ers spent many long hours writing and improving these DUMP programs They are indispensable HANGMAN MATH MATHI MSTRMIND These are games and in structional programs written in SBASIC MATH i
47. these LADDER and CAT CHUM use four keys in the numeric pad to control movement The other game ALIEN uses three keys in the bottom row near the space bar for movement I had always had some trouble keep ing those keys straight But now with ADD MOR TO YOUR KAYPRO PLAY MOR ROM GENERATES 23 GAME CHARACTERS Patch into PAC MAN LADDER SPACE INVADERS STAR TREK 1 YR WARRANTY VU MOR 4 E Z VIEW COPY STAND 12 x17 ABS PLASTIC 4 MOUNTS EASILY ON FRONT EDGE ACCENT MOR ROM amp PATCH FOR WORDSTAR DISPLAYS PRINTS DIACRITICAL ACCENTS French Spanish German aeioun E Z Installation ad ae 73 1 YR WARRANTY hs 4 SUPPORTS PRINTERS accede with Vertical Motion ieroun e t6 n Index Control OM i6 G 8 O 7 SUPPORTS NOTEBOOKS BOOKS PAPERS 4 x4 x1v2 STAND MOR Solid Oak KAYPRO STAND ANGLED FOR E Z 1234567890 DESCRIPTION L3 STORMOR Delphi 16M6 Hard Disk 2 TWICE MOR DSDD 300K Floppy 3 TWICE MOR Quad Den STI 794K _ pu eem et HIE erent RPM EINE E SU SUNG MOR SOUR CN sos j s HEB MOR GAME ROM 8 ACCENT MOR Diacrit Accent ROM Name Address City L Master Ch visa the joystick things are much much bet ter I was even able to break 10 000 points in CATCHUM something I just couldn t seem to do with the keys But to play any of these games with the joystick some simple key redefini tion is necessary This is eas
48. these last three pins are determined by the type of ROM being programmed The address counter provides the PROM address this function is best han dled with hardware since most PROM programming is done sequentially The 12 bit binary counter gets its input from 2 bits on port B One bit is used for reset ing the counter the other for counting The first 11 address bits A0 to A10 are wired to the PROM A11 is routed to the header The counter may be made of any combination of binary counter IC s as Figure 1 EPROM Programmer Block Diagram PARALLEL INPUT OUTPUT PIO P O Box 223 Calverton NY 11933 516 369 7334 long as 12 bits of output are provided a common reset line is used and all bits clock on the same edge The Timer The timer is a monostable circuit which provides the programming pulse to the PROM the programming pulse width is RC controlled The timer has 2 port B outputs for reset disable and trig ger and 1 port B input for timing control to inform the software when the pulse has completed The timer output to the header is both normal and inverted since 2716s and 2732s require opposite types of program ming pulses Another timer line is sup plied to the header for use with the tim ing resistor so different pulsewidths can be used for different EPROMs Voltage Control The Voltage Switch provides two ad justable voltage levels One port B out put is used to control voltage level selec ti
49. to take a little more time and effort because of the soldered in parts In the original speed up we bent pins out so that they wouldn t go back into the socket We did this in order to dis connect these pins from the circuit With soldered in ICs you can of course unsolder the pins you want to isolate and pull them up so that they don t touch the board just as in the orig inal modification Unsoldering pins can be dangerous if you haven t done it be fore because it is easy to damage the board A 15 to 25 watt iron and a solder sucker both available from Radio Shack and other parts houses are very neces sary If you are not familiar with un soldering then either find someone who is or isolate the pins by cutting the cop per traces runs on the board Cutting traces the copper strips which connect pads together on the board sounds hard but once you ve done it once or twice you ll find that it is quite easy The trick is to make two cuts about 1 16 inch apart all the way through the copper foil and then pry up and re move the 1 16 inch length of copper be tween the cuts This way you are sure that the trace is cut A Dremel Moto tool cuts runs in a jiffy an Xacto knife or a very small chisel work pretty well also Regular pocket knives are the most difficult way to go I usually cut the copper trace right next to the pad and pin I am isolating Once the pad is isolated I can solder right to the pad rather th
50. to use version of ZZSOURCE the Z80 disassembler This full disk includes source and documentation for both routines KayPro Disk K18 System Diagnostics Just as we finished editing the routines on this disk we received a copy of KayPro s diagnostic disk The memory test drive exercise and drive alignment routines on this disk are more powerful than KayPro s versions Plus it s only 12 Setup for KayPro II and 4 KayPro Disk K19 Prowriter Graphics This is a complete Prowriter graphics package written by the same Micro C subscriber who wrote the MX 80 graphics package Plot points lines circles boxes and more Examples docu mentation and more Kaypro Disk K20 Color Graphics Routines PACMAN COM This is a deluxe version of pacman for MicroSphere s color graphics board PIE COM Pie chart generator SKETCH COM An easy way to sketch color graphic designs You can even use a joystick with this software see Micro C issue 15 for joystick interface Kaypro Disk K21 SBASIC Routines amp Screen Dump SBASIC Finally a disk of SBASIC software There are some good examples of structured programming on this disk including one program written both ways so you can see the difference SCREEN DUMP This is a screen dump for all Kaypros new and old You can buy a similar package elsewhere for 60 Kaypro Disk K22 ZCPR Again This disk is filled with ZPCR files You get ZPCR for the Kaypro II Kaypro 4 and the Kaypro 10
51. u21 4u20 ces o C40 C 5u24 l c39 u12 Utt 9yio 2 c9 C24 74LS245 z NN RI 37 3 Co 2 Co c C36 t1 820 256K J B FERGUSON Incorporated C 1984 840220 ff esc uo Leak oran 5 uoc m C9 uos aa Uo4 o eer oran Tu03 l Leak oran Les onan uot sax oran 3u00 RPT m C2 u02 5 l Complete 820 Documentation Package 820 CBIOS amp Rom monitor source 00 c cece e wees CP M Primer Xerox CP M handbook esee 8 Dual Drive Cable 17 cieeeiseeee essere iv DB25S to 26 Pin Header 18 Long e AMP Mini Jurnpers for easy configuration strapping AA 7 ie UNINTERRUPTABLE POWER SUPPLY UPS 5 200 s4 95 5V Q 8 5 AMPS 12V 7 2 AMPS 12V S AMP 24V 2 AMPS 4A Pk This supply is designed to power entire computer systems with Winchester and floppy disk subsysterns as well as providing emergency battery backup capability Designed to meet the needs of single board Winchester systems 24V 4 5 AH battery pack BP 1 65 00 FEATURES High Reliability High Efficiency 75 TYP High Power 200 Watts 25 Khz Switching Frequency inaudible Soft Start Built In Quick Response O V P Cycle By Cycle Fold Back Current Limiting Drop Out Immunity for up to 250 Ms without battery Uninterruptable with addition of BP 1 battery pack 5 Output Voltag
52. version A daughter board that plugs into the e One 8 version includes the code to 1771 socket With this board the system make a 60k double density CP M for Includes DDINIT for SD and DD initial employs automatic density select 8 SS 2 5 MHz 8 DS 2 5 MHz izing and DDSYSGEN for DD sysgening e Instructions tell how to run 5 4 drives 2 dh ei B Ds AME e Special features have been added in A 50 34 pin disk drive adapter board is s i z cluding a deluxe pause screen print included with 5 4 disk orders Printer drivers are built in selectable in and clock the IOBYTE e Source code is available for 25 after e Easy to change port parameters you sign a disclosure agreement Trademarks CO POWER 88 ATR8000 SWP Inc 280 Zilog CP M CP M 86 Digital Research Inc IBM PC 1BM MSDOS Microsoft Kaypro Kaypro Corp Zorba Mod Comp Inc Xerox Xerox Corp Actrix Actrix Corp Osborne Osborne Computer For Orders We accept MasterCard Visa Money Orders or checks Shipping charges and applicable taxes will be added Call or write for delivery time Prices and specifications sub ject to change without notice A 2500 E Randol Mill Rd 125 Arlington Texas 76011 ny Y V a 817 469 1181 MICROCOMPUTER PRODUCTS INC 817 861 0421 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 29 FORTHwords by Ame A Henden Here we go again Deadlines are rushing towards us not only from Micro C but also fro
53. 18 June 1984 7 Digital Plotters a Graphic Description By Gary Shipley About eight years ago as a very green technician working for a micro wave company in California I was given an analog X Y plotter to repair It was used to plot the output characteristics of klystron traveling wave and backward wave oscillator tubes l I was fascinated My immediate reac tion was With two A to D converters I could interface it to my Intel SDK 85 and create works of art A Costly Plot Then I learned how much the thing cost The cheap ones were around 2500 I decided that I didn t need a plotter so badly after all About this time BYTE magazine pub lished several articles about digital plot ters They were mostly home made and had poor resolution They always had complicated hardware even more com plicated software and were still expen sive The only one which I could afford was built from a modified ETCH a SKETCH I decided to waita little longer Two years ago I became interested in doing custom computer aided printed circuit design I originally thought that I could do the design on my Exidy Sorcer er using its high resolution graphics and then dump the design to a dot matrix printer but decided that the output would not be high enough quality Figure 1 Plotted PC Board Layout A search for the ideal computer led me to the Big Board and a software house suggested I buy a digital plotter Ibought
54. 2075 TREEWOOD ADD 6 5 sales tax SAN JOSE CA 95132 sales in USA only or send s a s e for more info DOUBLE DENSITY HARDWARE AMP ien BOARD FOR THE WD2795 DSDD CONTROLLER RES PCB with UR oe fig RE 5 WD 2795 USING WD 1771 KIT OF 5 EN in WITH PINS neeP s79 mm C 5 ONLY 1 00 S amp H Plus 1 S amp H California residents add 6 tax on all items phone evenings California time 714 734 6006 Q amp BIG BOARD s The LA CAJA Enclosure w Power Supply 299 5 STANDARD FEATURES INCLUDE e Power Supply 9V 4A OVP 24V 2 5A iwo 2A All voltages are current protected IN STOCK e Reset Switch e Fan e Key lock Power e Solid State AC x e Bell Circuit and Piezo Speaker e 2 AC Outlets One Switched or e Color Beige and Chocolate Umm e 6 Hx 12 Wx 16 D 24 W for 2 Drive Unit La Caja can be supplied fully wired for the Big Board with all ports disk DC and timed AC for 150 00 1137 TOPAZ ST CORONA CA 91720 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 cmon ORDER RM 4 Micro C works because it is a central information exchange for What information would you like to see in Micro C the doers in this crazy industry So we encourage you to share your trials and tribulations That way we can invent new wheels rather than redoing the old ones over and over What kind of exciting adventure misadventure are you working on
55. 3 Small C C86 CMD This is the original Small C compiler which appeared in Dr Dobbs Journal in 1980 It runs under CPM 86 and generates 8086 source for the ASMB6 assembler C86 COM This is the C86 compiler which runs under CPM 80 This 8080 program produces 8086 assembly language C86LIB A86 This is the C86 I O library SMALLC86 DOC Documentation on Small C C 77 C Source of the C86 compiler MICRO CORNUCOPIA WANT ADS The following folks are reaching you for only 20 cents per word If you would like to reach the same audience send your words and 20 cents for each to Mi cro Cornucopia BBI ROM Terminal Emulator Menu driven selection of SIO port baud rate parity etc Interrupt driven I O loafs at 9600 baud Uses one EPROM slot 29 95 ppd 34 95 for 2716 1 Unified Soft ware Systems PO Box 2644 New Car rollton MD 20784 NEW SOFTWARE A 100 question quiz to tune up your Z80 assembly language know how Use itasa fast review a seri ous study or as a game Makes learning easy Self prompting Choice answer questions Keeps track of your score On 8 SSSD floppy disk Runs on 64K CP M computers 49 95 USA amp Canada mon ey orders in US funds only Manitoba residents add 6 percent tax ZQUIZ PO Box 3775 Stn B Winnipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 3R6 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Z80 MICRO CONTROLLER with par allel I O ports Can start XYZ motors and stop them at desired encoder position se
56. 4 on 17 8 Flip pies 25 00 Pascal Z UG Vol 1 25 13 8 Flippies 20 00 UG Games 20 Vols of the best ones 20 00 UG Modem 20 Vols of the best 20 00 UG Business 20 Vols of the best 25 00 UG Utilities 10 Vols of the best 20 00 Rental is for 7 days after receipt with 3 more days grace for re turn Credit cards accepted preferred 5 disk formats also available Down loading disk format conversions Call User Group Software Automatic Update Service 7 50 per 2 volume set PP 619 727 1015 24 hrs 619 941 0925 info P J s National Public Domain Software Cen ter 1062 Taylor Street Vista CA 92083 51 Knowledge And Mind Amplification System _ Get a head start at developing applications in the exciting new area of Outline Processing With KAMAS you can organize ideas in a familiar outline form And retrieve them with astonishing speed using the built in KAM Ac cess Method C All under the precise control of an extensible programming environment The KAMAS language produces com pact threaded code and is integrated with the Outline Processing Source code can be entered with the built in text editor and stored in outline form providing extraordinary leverage for structured programming and development E The language is highly interactive and fast offering an outstanding environment for developing and testing applica tions using the Outline Processing Information Retrieval Word Processing and Telecommunic
57. 5 DSDD 238 EE 513 931 7160 ae e Cincinnati Ohio 45231 Minimum Order 30 00 POWER SUPPLY 110 For the BIG BOARD and other SBC s PLUS 5 Assembled tested and burned in 48 hours S amp H e 59V Q 4A DVP 24 V 2 5A 12V 2A e All supplies have over current protection Bell circuit and Piezo speaker for BB Low line warning circuit brown out Input 105 120 VAC 50 60 Hz 1 0 A e 4 5 H 3 8 D 11 L 5 Ib w brother HR 15 LOW COST DAISY WHEEL PRINTER BIG BOARD COMPATIBLE CASSETTE TYPE PRINT WHEELS AND RIBBONS RS232 C OR CENTRONICS PARALLEL e BI DIRECTIONAL PLATEN AND HEAD e PROPORTIONAL MICRO ADJUSTMENT e GRAPHIC PRINTING e BOLD PRINTING e 2K BUFFER INSTALLS LIKE DIABLD 620 630 PARALLEL 4 99 PLUS 20 SHIPPING AstroTronics MICROSYSTEMS 58 CABLES AVAILABLE BB II USERS COLOR GRAPHICS FOR THE STD BUS JUST LOOK AT THESE FEATURES 9 OUTPUTS RGB AND OR COMPOSITE VIDEO 9 USES TEXAS INST TMS9928 OR TMS9128 MUST USE TMS9128 FOR COMPOSIT E 9 16K LOW COST VIDEO RAM 9 15 UNIQUE COLORS PLUS TRANSPARENT 32 SPRITES PLUS PATTERN AND BACKDROP PLANE 9 256h X 192v RESOLUTION 9 RCA TYPE OUTPUT CONNECTORS 9 PCB SOLDER MASKED AND SILKSCREENED 9 GOLD PLATED FINGERS 9 SOFTWARE AVAILABLE FROM MICROSPHERE INCLUDES GRAPHIC EDITOR AND LOGO 9 BARE PCB AND DOCUMENTATION 49 95 send check or money order to TOM WOODROW CA RESIDENTS
58. 69 each They are very low power very quiet and they have been absolutely reliable They can flawlessly read and write disks that would curl the heads on a Tandon 100 1 not a pretty sight What is Half power When we refer to half power we are talking about the 12V demand The Kaypro has plenty of extra 5V on board but its 12V is very limited Tandon 100 1s and 100 2s draw about 1 amp of 12V each So any drive that draws about 1 2 amp at 12V qualifies as half power So far all the half wides I ve seen are half power The PRO 8 Plus 4 Well we finally did it This is every thing you need to connect 4 drives of any type to your Kaypro 4 or Kaypro II that you ve turned into a 4 Those of you who already have the PRO 8 ROM there are plusses sur rounding the ROM sign on have two options 1 You can build your own 4 drive de coder circuit from the schematic in issue 17 and order Plus 4 disk for the soft ware you need to set up a 63K CP M and do the copying and formatting for four drives The Plus 4 disk only is 12 00 2 You can order the genuine Micro Cornucopia Plus 4 Drive Decoder pack age for 39 95 This package includes the assembled drive decoder board and the Plus 4 disk The Decoder Board plugs onto your main computer board where the drive cable is currently connected Your drive cable then plugs into our de coder board Simple All you will have to do is supply the data and power c
59. 85 13 35 drive dirbuf i name dirbuf i type 5 files j malloc 20 strepy files j filename i bdos SRCH4NEXT 0 Listing continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 37 Our Keyboard Input Processor con nects between your Kaypro and its keyboard KIP gives you 26 programmable function keys control A thru control Z with strings up to 32 characters long for each key Memory backup lets KIP remember your strings when power is off A mouse interface connecting a Mouse Systems mouse lets KIP translate mouse movement into arrow key commands for instant compatibili ty with your favorite spreadsheet or editing programs FOR 89 95 YOU GET Bare PC Board Pre programmed 8748 Microcontroller Assembly amp Operation Manual Please call for price and availability of assembled and tested boards and mice 256K RAMDISK KIT NOW ONLY 59 95 dynaDisk makes your spelling checker assembler or compiler pro grams run 35 300 percent faster dynaDisk is a 256k ram board that uses 5V at 1A and plugs into BB1 s parallel interface J5 It comes with auto patching software that makes it look like an 8 SS SD disk drive to CP M It uses 4164 ram chips regular TTL and transfers data 8 10 times faster than a regular floppy See Micro C 9 for a description and MC 11 fora review of dynaDisk FOR 59 95 YOU GET 812 by 614 bare PC board Software on 8 SS SD floppy SOURCE IN
60. A Uses readily available parts Z80 base system e LSPOOL Utility available for documents over 60 K e 5x 7 inch circuit board Listing for ROM ROM 2732A with program 10 Disk with Source Code and LSPOOL Shipped via Prepaid UPS No COD or P O Box Check or Money Order to L Band Systems 1037 E Lemon Ave Monrovia CA 91016 818 357 0566 Are you signing your name with an X because spelling doesn t come easily Then you need SpellSys With this full feature package you can write prose with the pros SpellSys fea tures a 42 000 word dictionary and all the bells and whistles of those expensive checkers including rhyming crossword search letter unscrambling etc SpellSys is made up of a group of indiv idual programs which you can use toge ther or separately With SpellSys you can setup and maintain your own custom dictionary in addition to the main dic gt tionary These are real dictionaries not hash tables so you edit or remove words from your own dictionary at will Pnieragrasp S BASIC TUTORIAL AVAILABLE 140 pages includ ing index of letter size sheets for 3 ring binder covering the aspects of S Basic Programming with references to M Basic Send 20 00 money order to cover cost for copying and mailing to Sven Erlandsson 3268 Leon Brisebois lle Bizard Quebec Canada H9C 1W2 IT S EASY TO USE Just enter SPELLSYS select which disks you ll u
61. ACTION POLICY PLEASE INCLUDE 3 FOR SHIPPING NY RESIDENTS ADD 7 SALES TAX Kenmore Computer Technologies 20 Landers Road Kenmore NY 14217 716 877 0617 E Z PROMMER EPROM PROGRAMMER FOR THE BIG BOARD AND XEROX 820 FEATURES e Supports 2716 2732 2732A 2764 27128 27252 e Easily installed with only two connections e Noexternal supply needed all power derived from 5 Volts All power controlled by software e Extensive MENU driven soft ware to Read Program Save Load Verify CRC check Dump Erase check complete with source code Over one year of troublefree use EZPROMMER A amp T w Harness Disk 125 Kit with Disk CHARACTER GENERATOR FOR XEROX 820 II Upgrade kit allows the 820 II to display all the standard charac ters and attributes while permit ting the display of all APL char acters Kit includes ROM and software APL UPGRADE KIT 49 95 NY RES ADD LOCAL TAX POSTAGE AND HANDLING 2 00 VISA MC CHECK or COD 716 377 0369 OPTRONICS D mE NOLO P O BOX 81 PITTSFORD NY 14534 HARDWARE SPOOLER and INTERFACE CONVERTER Hardware spooler buffers your printing tasks Download a 60K listing in 50 seconds Converts to Centronics Interface without Losing Your Parallel Ports Input Serial Port Big Board or II 9600 Baud Output Centronics Parallel or Serial 110 9600 Baud 128 K Buffer up to 70 pages e 5V at 575mA 12V at 80m
62. ATION SOFTWARE FOR USE UNDER CP M CP M is a TM of DIGITAL RESEARCH INC ON SCREEN SET UP Easy Emulation A Very Powerful Low Cost Terminal Board 6502 CPU amp 6845 Video Controller 4K Control in 2732 EPROM Emulate or Customize with powerful download feature Custom programs and escape tables retained during power down Defaults to control ROM tables H19 Compatible when not modified Month to MSEC Real Time Clock Display to Sec Transmit to MSEC Reliable battery interface for clock and 2K user RAM Menu driven set up Powers up as previously configured History for communcations analysis displays last 256 video escape and control char received 2 Program Menu selectable RS 232 compatible ports with Daisy Chain 16 Program Menu selectable baud rates 50 to 19 200 TTL and RS 232 level baud clock outputs 6 Program Menu selectable bell tones 9 Menu cursor selections Box underline overline solid blink fast or slow Menu selectable auto LF on CR and or Auto CR on LF or neither Local full duplex simplex operation 80x50 video with 80x24 screen window Up Down scroll with non destruct mode Transmit screen from top to cursor cursor home forward backward up down Horz tab full X Y cursor control including save restore and report cursor cursor on off clear screen clear line erase to end of screen to beginning of screen to end of line to beginning of line Char selectable normal inv
63. CK gt 3 PICK ROT gt AND EXPCNT adr adr ont scan str until null is val within limits 10 0 BEGIN 2DUP C8 WHILE 1 REPEAT 12 Notes 2 2 SHIFT shifts val to right 13 by n bits if n positive left otherwise 14 PC PC PE P FIG 15 gt SCR 2 Ie I Serial Port Initialization 1 HEX 4 ARRAY SREGS serial registers to initialize lt lt the UNIFORTH word to start filling an array 1C01 1C is init val for reg 1 0103 01 is init val for reg 3 40 is init val for reg 4 8405 8A is init val for reg 5 SREGS gt gt finish 0 1 2 3 4 5 4004 6 7 8 9 port assignments change for your SIO 10 05 CONSTANT DATA SIO Channel B data port 11 07 CONSTANT STATUS SIO Channel B status port 12 DECIMAL 13 14 15 gt 30 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 i number divides the number by 16 to find the disk block containing it and then fetches the block from disk and prints up to a 64 character line from the block This technique has the advantage of memory compactness the ASCII text strings are not memory resident and MESSAGE can be included in a DO LOOP if several lines of text are to be output Its disadvantages are the need for the proper disk or file for the text lines the fact that 13 MESSAGE gives no clue to the reader as to what information is to be printed and that TRAILING is used
64. CLUDED Assembly amp Operation Manual BARE BOARD ONLY 39 95 820 OWNERS 820 11 OWNERS gt Your hardware will work with minor modifications Software patches are included in the manual for 820 II owners See MC 17 for info on adap ting Dyna to the Xerox 820 ALL ORDERS Please add 5 00 for postage and handl ing All orders shipped first class Satisfaction guaranteed Please no COD s PO s or plastic money QUANTITY PURCHASES Buy five of one item at one time and get one free Buy ten get two free etc Send check or money order to 6708 Melrose Los Angeles L A Software 9552455 CA residents add sales tax CP M is a trademark of Digital Research Prices and specifications subject to change without notice CK C LISTING continued from page 37 bubble sort filenames in ascending order by swapping pointers for izj 1 150 i for kz0 kKi ke if stremp files k files k 1 gt 0 t files k files k files k 1 read DENT now we actually write the filenames and checksum info to the data file if ckdat fopen ckname w NULL cantopen ckname puts nFilename tChecksum n for is0 1 j ie checksumsckfile files i fprintf ckdat s t x n 2 files i checksum printf Zs t x n 2 files i checksum ae ekfile return checksum of file or 1 if error ckfile filename char filename register int n fd os char 1 char buf BUFSIZE try to
65. DISK DRIVE 8 e DS DD e Shugart 800 series compatible e Reconditioned e Shipping wt 16 Ibs e 150 00 f o b our warehouse SHUGART SA 400 DISK DRIVE NEW e SS DD 5 e 35 track in pairs with common face plate 140 00 single units 79 00 all prices f o b of warehouse 8 DUAL DISK DRIVE SYSTEM e 2MPI SS DD 8 Disk Drives e Shugart 800 Series pin for pin compatible Fiberglass cover steel case 19 Wx 11 Lx22 D e Self container power supply 24 Vi V 5V t 12V Fan cooled Shipping wt 65st 400 00 f o b our warehouse CONRAC MONITOR e 9 inch P4 phos 80 x 24 characters Composite video in RCA phono Controls in front panel Shipping wt 30 Ibs 45 00 f o b our warehouse Li CONRAC RGB COLOR MONITOR e 19 inch high res 10 mh 80 x 24 chars 500 line res w o cabinet e shipping wt 75 Ibs RGB video in e 300 00 f o b our warehouse SYLVANIA MONITOR e 12 inch composite video 60 x 24 chars black amp white 35 00 green phos 50 00 shipping wt 30 Ibs all prices f o b our warehouse PRINTERS DATA ROYAL e Serial I O Bi di 132 chrs line 120 cps 7 x 9 dot matrix Sprocket feed 2 to 15 110 300 1200 bps Shipping wt 80 Ibs e 300 00 f o b our plant CENTRONICS 101A Centronics parallel 164 cps 7 x 9 dot matrix Tractor feed adj to 15 e 225 00 upper case only e 350 u 1 case amp g
66. Disk Utilities 1 REBOOT sets up the CP M auto load 2 SWEEP directory file transer routine 3 A Lets BB I recognize a double sided drive as one drive with 494K of usable space 4 FIX super disk utility does everything much easier to use than DU77 5 Compare files routine 6 UNERA retrieve erased files 7 FIND check all drives on system for a file 8 MENU menu program for CP M 9 NEWCAT enhanced disk catalog program 10 Single drive copy program that does track by track copies rather than file by file Pos USERS DISK 11 Printer Utilities 1 Microline 92 printer routine 2 Graphics display package for MX 80 with Graftrax very fancy 3 Epson MX80 setup for BB 1 with 59 5K CP M 4 Epson MX8 setup for any CP M lets you set print modes 5 Micro Tek print driver Ports A amp B USERS DISK 12 Games for BB I 1 ALIENS a fast exciting arcade game 2 ZCHESS chess with a 1 6 level look ahead 3 MASTERMIND match wits with the computer 4 BIO Biorhythm charts complete with graphics on the BBI 5 LIFE so fast it s real animation 6 CRAPS see how much you d lose in Vegas 1 WUMPUS a caver s delight kill the Wumpus or be killed 8 PRESSUP similar to Othello 9 Games 7 games in one program includes blackjack maze and animal USERS DISK 13 General Utilities BB 1 1 ZZSOURCE disassembles to real Zilog mnemonics 2 EX14 superset of submit or supersub 3 MOVPATCH lets you use MOVECPM on other copies of CP M 4 XMON 3K expanded BB I
67. ERING PO Box 60 Rome NY 13440 315 336 4381 or 339 2232 evenings TERMS Prepaid or UPS COD CASH OR CERTIFIED CHECKS ONLY BIG BOARD USERS SYSTEM MODIFIER PROGRAM 29 95 Manual only 3 Allows easier system modifications by not involving the system tracks Provides screen dumps and time display on demand through escape commands Automatically runs any program on a cold boot Includes both serial and parallel I O drivers Fully implementa the IOBYTE Is all in a single program that loads into high memory and extends the PFM monitor Includes menu driven configuration program DATA RATE 3 5 bytes sec typical 2 bytes word or phoneme PLUGS DIRECTLY ONTO GPIO A BIG VOICE KIT INCLUDES HIGH QUALITY BARE BOARD 1400 WORDS IN EPROM USER ASSY MANUAL W schem SOFTWARE WORD SOURCE DEMO amp SUPPORT PROGRAMS ON 8 sssd FLOPPY DISK SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY 50 o 5 volts at 20 amps o Fuly tested o Call for avalability SPEECH SYNTHESIZER FOR THE BIG BOARD AND XEROX 820 9910 LEAWOOD BLVD Ml HOUSTON TEXAS 77099 LNMILILG tel 713 495 6185 52 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 70 kit 150 ass d amp tested all ppd Texas res add 6 state whether B B or XeroX C amp D ENTERPRISES 75 North Street Saco Maine 04072 207 282 4401 Add 2 for shipping ABLE II VT INTELLIGIENT STAND ALONE VIDEO TERMINAL WITH MANY HIGH END FEATURES ASK ABOUT OUR EMUL
68. Figure 2 contains a better way anystring left anystring fieldwidth to add characters toa string This routine end anystring does not leave trailing blanks and pro function numerical_format number_string string 15 string 15 vides special handling for numbers var field width ndecimals decimal position integer I apologize for all the changes but I field width vdt oaan CE ndecimals val mid numerical field 6 2 can t promise there won t be more if left numerical field 1 d and not in number_string then begin Onward if len number string lt ndecimals then number string N PES ith i 4 b left 00000 ndecimals len number_string number string ow to continue with input4 bas number string left number_string len number_string ndecimals you should remove the demonstration right number string ndecimals end pos from last Souk listing starting if not in number string then number string number_string at remark the main application begins decimal position instr 1 number_string here number string number string 000000 number string left number string decimal position ndecimals In this column there are a couple of if right number string 1 then number string moderately difficult routines as well as a left number string len number string 1 number string right justify number string field widthe1 number of simple ones Cl
69. G NOISE TRIAC OUTPUT NO MECHANICAL PARTS DVDT FILTER INCLUDED LOW COST ONLY 8 80 EACH 1 YEAR WARRANTY 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA 1619 SOUTH MINNIE STREET SANTA ANA CALIFORNIA 92707 714 547 4316 CALIF RES ADD 6 SALES TAX ADD 1 00 POSTAGE amp HANDLING PLEASE SPECIFY BB OR BB II Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 SPEED UP YOUR KAYPRO BY A FACTOR OF 10 Electronic RAM disk for the Kaypro Expandable to 1 MB Think of the possibilities for time savings Blow the hard disk off the map in cost This RAM disk designed by Tony Ozrelic is perfect for many users where time is of the essence SWAP FILES COMPILES 64K to 1 mb user installable Located in external enclosure memory space with separate power input Connects via centronics 5v e printer cable Separate microprocessor Fully socketed board for operation either 64K 128K or 256K Only 1K of Kaypro memory Y DRAM chips needed for operation DISK ACCESS Printer Buffer included Larger disk area for programs Compatible with a 5 mhz socketed without RAM Kaypro 199 00 Call for current RAM prices dealer inquiries are invited Color Graphics Board for Kaypro 2 4 2 84 amp 10 245 00 Color Graphics Board So tware TLC LOGOc standard version 99 95 deluxe version 129 95 Special Color Board amp deluxe version of LOGO 299 95 Instant Grapher 30 00 MICR
70. ION 4 OR 5 MHz OPERATION e MICRO C CIRCUIT DESIGN IN KIT FORM e NO ALTERATION OF ORIGI NAL PARTS e MONEY BACK GUARANTEE OF SATISFACTION Return for 10096 REFUND if you do not like the speedup or if it does not work on your machine INCLUDES Z80B Microprocessor Monitor Eprom Model 2A only Your original Kaypro routines in a faster part Gold Plated Switch Al circuit modifications accom plished with plug in components For Kaypro Il s amp IV s Manufactured before September 1983 with all IC s socketed Kaypro Il Kit 2A 39 95 Kaypro IV Kit 4A 34 95 Order No 4A if you have installed a MICRO C Custom Pro Monitor EPROM in your II For Kaypro Ils amp IV s With small IC s soldered to circuit board Serious installation is required You must de solder two IC s and install sockets Money back guarantee still applies Sockets need not be re moved plug in restoration of original circuit Free replacement of IC s if you damaged your originals during desoldering Order Kit 4B 39 95 HIGHLAND MICROKIT P O Box 21C Highland MD 20777 C ing Clearly Column by Tony Ozrelic Ordering software by mail is a mixed blessing Low prices are good but man gled diskettes are bad both for the cus tomer and the vendor Long distance phone calls and numerous replacements are often needed to fix a problem Mail Order Paranoia To see if damage has occurred I am now shipping my diskettes wit
71. IP IT IF SO DATA ROYAL DOESN T NEED IT OR 080H TURN THE HIGH BIT ON OUT 08H A SEND IT TO THE PRINTER RET RETURN TO CP M CALL SYNOUT LD A 1 LOAD THE DEVICE ADDRESS OUT 0AH A SET THE DEVICE ADDRESS IN A COAH GET THE SYNTHISER STATUS CP 10H TEST FOR BUSY JR Z SYNOUT LOOP IF BUSY LD C A MOVE CHAR FROM CP M CALL CP ODH TEST FOR RETURN RET Z SKIP IF SO CP OAH TEST FOR LINE FEED JR Z STOP SEND STOP SYNTHISES CODE OUT 08H A SEND TO SPEECH SYNTHISER RET RETURN TO CP M CALL STOP LD A LOAD SYNTHESIZER STOP CODE OUT 08H A SEND IT RET RETURN NOTE This method of device selection can be used for any number or type of device You don t have to stick the designated family of devices For example you could use bits O and 1 for the printer instead of the console if you wanted to 10 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 LST A printer stands for a LiST de vice PTP Paper Tape Punch often a cas sette tape output PTR Paper Tape Reader often a cassette tape reader PUN PUNch device often an alter nate printer NOT a play on words TTY Typewriter terminal stands for TeleTYpe UC1 Another console a human op erated input output device UL1 Other printer or serial output UP1 2 Other serial output devices UR1 2 Other serial input devices You can use any device definition you want since CP M doesn t use them for built in fu
72. ONDARY USE B WEEKSORT DO WHILE NOT EOF SELECT PRIMARY APPEND BLANK REPLACE P JOBNO WITH S JOBNO IF S SECTIONs 1 REPLACE ACTPHLAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF IF S SECTION 2 REPLACE ACTSTLAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF IF S SECTIONs 3 REPLACE ACTPRLAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF IF S SECTION 4 REPLACE ACTFILAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF IF S SECTION 5 REPLACE ACTINLAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF IF S SECTION 6 REPLACE ACTOFLAB WITH S HOURCHRG ENDIF of SELECT SECONDARY SKIP IF EOF ERASE UPDATING FILES ENDIF eof ree ENDDO lt T USE this should normally close all files DELETE FILE B NEWWEEK THIS GIVES FILE CURRENTLY OPEN MESSAGE uaa oO 0T BBI Video Fix Big Boards can have a minor problem with their composite video output If you have dim vertical and bright hori zontal lines this quick fix will help re duce the problem 1 Unplug integrated circuit U94 74LS136 2 Carefully and quickly solder a small 2k resistor between pins 8 and 16 of the 74LS136 3 Insert the integrated circuit back in toits socket this will be impossible if you use a 1 watt resistor or are careless 4 Check it out if results are not satis factory simply replace U94 Theory The fix adds a pull up resistor for an open collector output This should increase the rise time making vertical lines brighter Wesley Ebisuzaki 550 Memorial Dr 16E Cambridge MA 02139 You have mentioned the book In
73. OSPHERE INC P O Box 1221 Bend OR 97709 503 388 1194 KAYPRO is a registered trademark of the Kaypro Corporation BIG BOARD I I O EXPANDER 19 95 BARE BOARD AND DOCUMENTATION 3 x 5 Quality PC board with complete assembly and operating manual Adds one fully buffered PIO with handshaking Piggybacks right onto big board Plugs into socket U89 Requires 1 jumper PIO U89 addressing remains unchanged Added parallel output connector has same pin outs as big board J5 connector Makes interfacing of present products easy All orders shipped 1st class mail Send check or money order to LOGIC PLUS 10 Esquire Road Norwalk CT 06851 Please include 2 00 for postage and handling CT residents add 71596 Allow 4 weeks for delivery The Kaypro Column By David Thompson It looks like everyone is coming out with a Kaypro speed up kit Most slow down when reading and writing to the outside world by adding wait states In fact any modification that doesn t change the monitor ROM to a fast part is spending a good part of its life saying Hey ROM you there and then sitting around twiddling its address lines wait ing for Yes Boss I m here Many of these boards are running slow enough to let you format disks without a switch but the truly fast ones ones that change the monitor ROM and really run 5 MHz won t run the copy program unless you can switch them back to 2 5 MHz Also the fas
74. Pro over to a friend who wants one so bad but can t seem to come up with cash right now He is very interested in computers in general and knows everyone who has one of each kind So I thought I would dazzle him and his wife with mine They have a business with lots of names to mail to but it s a business that doesn t make much profit I had the Per fect Writer up and was letting Phyllis do a little typing while Fred and I went and fed the horses now there is the waste of cash needed to buy the computer When we came back Phil came running out of the house yelling Mayday She wanted to know about all the figured the computer had been on a few hours and had heated up and on the 5 MHz something gave up This was cured afterIswitched to the 2 5 and booted up I am being very daring since I am on the5 MHz right this very moment I dida lot of skydiving for 6 years I wanted to see if it was going to go out on me too I save every few minutes You know you are causing me to get bitten worse with this computer I keep on reading more and wanting to learn more programming It s just a monu mental task for me to grasp all of the knowledge I have taught myself so much in so many fields that my RAM is spilling over I guess IIl have to have my head fitted with a 100 MB hard disk Gary Stookey 5000 Foots Creek Road Gold Hill OR 97525 Editor s note They weren t dumb questions Gary We all start at zero in this busin
75. ROX 820 OSBORNE I others Please specify method of shipment UPS or Postal Service California residents add 6 Sales Tax Dealer Inquiries invited Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 jme Mete tm re e o go RM Introductory offer 49 95 THIS IS THE PASCAL COMPILER EVERYBODY S BEEN WAITING FOR EVERYBODY EXCEPT THE COMPETITION Pascal MT 595 00 Compile amp Link Bau IR rene eee Dmm qmm rm m Disk Space 16 bit 33K w editor 300K editor 225K editor 8 bit 28K w editor Not Available 168K editor Band 16 bt Y Generate object ET LEARN TO WRITE A SPREADSHEET Our introductory offer includes MICROCALC a spreadsheet written in Turbo Pascal It will be on your disk and ready to run And we ve included the source code to show Extended Pascal for your IBM PC APPLE CP M MS DOS CP M 86 CCP M 86 or CP M 80 computer features Full screen interactive editor providing a complete menu driven program development environment e 11 significant digits in floating point arithmetic Built in transcendental functions Dynamic strings with full set of string handling features Program chaining with common you exactly how a spreadsheet is written Turbo Pascal includes a 250 page bound manual with extensive explana tions and many illustrative examples l Locates Run Time errors directly in source code Variables o Rando
76. RTH columns for Arne s feelings about the 186 The 80286 when it be comes available is supposed to do ev erything the 80186 does plus provide a better environment for high level lan guages Anyway what I m getting at with all this is that the 8088 in the Co power board and the IBM PC is an 8 bit choked version of the 8086 while the 80186 is a supercharged version MSDOS vrs Kaypro For a while we received a lot of calls from people interested in the Co power board The calls are still coming in but they seem to have tapered off a bit The Kaypro s lack of PC compatible graphics and terminal has been the major stum bling block for most people A Kaypro 88 a Kaypro with the 8088 Co power board should run any MS DOS software that is written to run on a generic MSDOS system This is impor tant so I ll repeat it The software must be able to run on a generic MSDOS sys tem In fact the Co power boards now come with MSDOS vrs 2 11 so the soft ware must be able to run with this ver sion of MSDOS it appears that there are some compatibility problems in the MS DOS world that are just coming to light Some MSDOS programs such as text editors don t use graphics but do require an IBM PC or look alike terminal The Kaypro looks similar to an ADM 3A not an IBM PC MSDOS vrs PCDOS MSDOS doesn t specify how graphics are handled but PCDOS does Any soft ware that does screen gyrations like Vi Sion 1 2 3 or
77. SD 10 00 CP M Manuals ccc cece cece eee ee nnne SWP dual density board Lssee SWP dual density board with CP M XEROX 820 board used tested good with CP M Other CP M configurations Custom ROMs and consultation on CP M are available CP M Public Domain Software We have CPMUG RCPM and SIGM disks for 5 00 each on Wabash 8 SSSD 10 disks with catalogs and abstracts on them for 50 00 Write for quote on entire collection s Wabash 8 inch SSSD diskettes ccc eee e ee eee 10 for 30 00 l AE PP Wabash 5 inch SSSD diskettes eee ee eeee 10 for 28 00 pA 7 Line Check Board for RS 232 C Inserted into the line it will monitor the AINT ii an ii A Ting Seven commonly used signals PC Board 7 00 PC Board and parts kit HA tum atu h E 21 00 Assembled and tested 26 00 Call or write for catalog which describes the above and other items in more detail WILCOX KENTERPRIBES P O BOX 395 e NAUVOO ILLINOIS 62354 217 453 2345 Add 2 shipping to all orders Illinois residents add 6 sales tax Mastercard Visa CP M isa trademark of Digital Research Inc wealthy people have moved out of sili con valley In early 1982 there were an estimated 15 280 millionaires between Los Altos and Atherton California And that is just the northern third of the val ley On the other hand grit and determi nation aren t always eno
78. T4LS04 TAL 1C4 4 0 MHz x things as parity and the number of data bits transmitted When a full byte is assembled pin 19 RDA goes high this signal is inverted and used to strobe the assembled data into the printer s innards This strobe is delayed by an RC network 1k 1200pF and fed back in to the UART resetting it for the next byte The strobe pulse is about 2 microseconds wide The BUSY line from the printer goes true when the printer is busy printing or doing something else This signal turns off Q2 pulling the DTR line low telling the computer to wait When all is well BUSY goes low turning on Q2 and pull ing DTR up to 5 volts That s all that is necessary to get your parallel printer to speak serial You just senda byte and wait until the printer has digested it then send another The rest Centronics Connector pin Signal 2 D 3 D1 4 D2 5 D3 6 D4 7 b5 8 D6 9 D7 To PRINTER TALSO4 PEE DENT gor cl me mes cs I Busy WAIT 5V A 18 36 t5V loyF 16 17 ov 19 30 GND 33 OPTIONS SET FoR No PARITY 2 Srop BiTS 8 DATA BITS Divide By 13 6708 Melrose Los Angeles CA 90038 of the circuitry generates the baud rate clock for the UART IC4 s inverters are used along with a crystal to produce a 4MHz clock This clock is divided by 13 with half of IC2 and IC3 this gives us 307 692 kHz which is divided down by the other half of IC2 to get the basic baud rate times sixteen which
79. West Coast Computer Faire Borland International announced a Pas cal package for the IBM PC with 8087 math co processor support to be avail able this spring The package will be available as a 70 add on for current Tur bo owners or both standard and 8087 Turbo for 90 Their benchmarks show a tenfold increase in speed over standard PC Turbo The news clip I saw also re ported that 20 000 copies of the various Turbo packages were sold in the first four months To help keep up with demand and also increase their market penetration Borland has begun signing distributors for normal retail marketing channels You may soon be able to buy Turbo Pas cal in your neighborhood computer store Late Breaking News Turbo Pascal Version 2 0 has just been released and the additional features in continued next page Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 15 PASCAL PROCEDURES continued from page 15 clude overlays and heap management via DISPOSE Their IBM PC version al so supports windows graphics sound and color In August they ll release their Modula II compilers for both 8 and 16 bit operating systems Following this will be C compilers December and a Turbo Toolbox May The Toolbox will include B trees and quick sorts All of the pack ages will use the same editor and run time packages plus compiled code can be used by all three languages Please don t harass them about these products Give them a chan
80. a Z80B into your PIO sock et will NOT make your system run fast ADD MEMORY e 4 rows of dynamic RAMs providing up to 256K with 64K RAMs or 1 Mb with 256K RAMs RAM 8K x 8 devices OTHER FEATURES e Same size as BB l piggyback mount e Complex sound generator e Counter timer e Real time clock features er It will run stranger perhaps but not faster 2 Yes your Kaypro will run slower af ter the power company cuts off your ser vice No we haven t seen any hand cranks that will run the system at 5 MHz 2 You HAVE to have CP M to boot a disk However you don t need CP M to use a disk as a frisbee 3 It DOES make a difference how you count the pins on an IC On the top of the IC it s counter clockwise from the notch on the bottom it s clockwise So which ever way you count you re probably wrong 4 Yes all the articles in Micro C are written by Greeks 5 The one person who knows less about computers than a computer store salesman is ahhhh And no I wouldn t buy a used car from him ei ther Counter Questions Sometimes people don t realize that they are the victim of the old general purpose answer trick At this point you have to get nasty and ask them a ques tion so they can understand how you EXPAND YOUR BIG BOARD More Memory More Ports Rivendell Audiocomp announces an innovative expansion board for your BB I featuring ADD PORTS e 2 RS 232 serial ports e 4 bu
81. a fancy screen editor needs the PC graphics environment and runs under PCDOS A compiler or as sembler usually doesn t require graph ics and so you can usually find a generic MSDOS version CP M CP M 86 CP M 68K Meanwhile CP M 86 and CP M 68K have some advantages for people who own Z80 8088 systems It turns out that all the CP M s handle disk files and directories the same way So you can create a text or data file with a program running on a system with an 8086 or 68000 processor and then access that same data or text file on a Z80 based sys tem Co power Board and PRO 8 So much for the generalities Now some details The SWP Co power board doesn t understand 90 track drives It does understand double sided double density drives and single sided double density drives So if you do the PRO 8 upgrade drive A atleast will need to be a Kaypro II or 4 drive Since the PRO 8 will support 4 drives you can use two Kaypro II or 4 drives as A and B and then put 80 trackers into C and D If you use half wide half power units TEAC or EPSON they will all fit inside your original Kaypro and all run off the original power supply Talk about having your cake and getting to lick the icing too 28 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 SWP s CO POWER 88 makes Z80 CP M mu IBM PC compatible CO POWER 88 is a 16 bit 8088 coprocessor for Z80 CP M computers Both versions of CO POWER 88 128k and 256k RAM inclu
82. a kind of quick and temporary way to get their feet wet in the 8086 world It turns out that the 8088 is really an 8086 at heart the primary difference is that they broughtout8 data lines to pins instead of 16 for the 8086 Is it 8 or 16 or Memorex By definition an 8 bit processor has an 8 bit data bus Thus even though the 8088 and the Z80 both have 16 bit regis ters inside both are 8 bit processors and in many tasks the Z80 will outper form the 8088 at the same clock speed The definition of a 16 bit processor is thatit has a 16 bit data bus Both the 8086 and the 68000 are 16 bit processors even though the 8086 has 16 bit internal regis ters while the 68000 has some 32 bit in ternalregisters The 68000is a newer and generally more powerful chip but it has a different instruction set so it doesn t run 8086 software The 80186 is another Intel 16 bit proc essor and it will run software written for the 8086 and 8088 The 186 as it is usual ly called can run more instructions per second even at the same system clock frequency than the 8086 You see the 186 does several things simultaneously like fetching the next instruction while it is processing the current instruction the 8086 does too but not as well Also the 186 s instruction set not only includes all the 8086 instructions but al so some new ones that make the chip particularly good for multi user and multi tasking systems See the past few FO
83. ace 68000 Based System Review Inside CP M 86 56 pages Review 6 83 ISSUE NO 18 6 84 Kaypro EPROM Programmer I O Byte A Primer Kaypro Joystick Serial to Parallel Interface Business COBOL 60 pages Your Fortune in the Microcomputer Business 26 45 US Can Mex E 36 45 Other foreign This is the best most complete collection of working for yourself information I ve found and I ve heard nothing but good comments from those who have received it This two volume set is perfect for those times when you need abreak from monitor watching ANE QN eR 27 95 US Can Mex m 37 95 Other foreign This is one of the best books on CP M It covers the whole spectrum of users from novice to guru There are a few books that include more programming examples but none work better for the whole range of users and this book is perfect for reference use Micro C s copy of Inside CP M is showing definite signs of overuse Interface to Electronic Typewriter Adding Joystick to Color Graphics FERGUSON ENGINEERING 817 640 0207 BIGBOARD 1 820 1 256K RAM EXPANSION MODULE Teer onan u37 B ek onam s p eak oram u35 sex onaw desk pram U33 u32 o eax bnan 8y31 esc ORAM C3 uy30 74157 cat l l l C16 usa J l Les onan u27 u26 Ju25 Q sax onan red u16 B es onu u1s sex oran Uis jer u23 Leonan u22 esc onan
84. amp tested 129 95 Shipping 2 50 Goodin ue CE M O X Goodin Peripherals ox eno Nevada Peripherals Please allow 3to6 weeks for delivery EPROM PROGRAMMER interfaces to the BBI XEROX 820 parallel port Requires 5v 3A 25v 1A interface cable Software and schematic Bareboard and schematic Software and bareboard Software and kit less ZIFs Software and full kit Programmer A T S H within N A S H foreign orders Big Board Il software and source uses BB II sockets for programming Software is delivered on a 8 inch SS SD floppy disk Program Verify Load and check for Erased Intel Eproms 2716 2732 A 2764 27128 T I Eproms 2516 2532 2564 Xicor EEprom 2816A Uses 16k bytes of systemmemory as a buffer allowing you to work with up to 8 2716 EPROMs at the same time Upload and Download Intel Hex Files Edit the data in the 16k byte memory buffer Define your own addresses for the memory buffer Complete screen error messages Software source included Menu driven Interfaces with most Z80 CP M systems options available later EPROM emulator Adapters for single chip processors all prices shown are in US funds EXPAND WordStar ProportionalStar At last you ean have proportional spacing on any version of WordStar for an easy to read professional typeset appearance Works with Diablo NEC Qume C Itoh Juki Brother and more Also print two or more columns on a page Inelud
85. an be human too some of us are par ticularly human Anyway disk drives are made to sense voltage drop so they can avoid writing during power down The TEAC and CDC quad density drives have head load sele noids so they should be even safer than the Tandons Also you might consider leaving your Kaypro running Some people simply turn down the screen brightness and leave their systems running constantly They feel that the Kaypro will actually last longer that way than if the system were powered up and down every day They might be right Dear Editor I found these BASIC statements affect my BASIC Texas Big Board in a strange manner Print chr 27 chr 41 causes the cur sor and anything following to flash Print chr 27 chr 40 will reset the display to normal In CP M A gt cntl causes flashing A gt cntl return to normal Ihope all our BBI friends can find some use for these commands I use the on board video and keyboard Paul Weber 2443 Mountain View Dr Loveland CO 80537 A Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Dear Editor I would like to announce to the Micro C community that my BBI computer is now operating as a remote CP M sys tem One part of the system is used by my wife s software sales business for product distribution and support The other part of the system however is open to the public with the goal of sup porting CP M public domain software in general and the ZCPR software sy
86. an having to sol der to the pin on top of the board If you get confused follow the sche matic Issue 12 shows you the before and after for the affected circuits Missing Q1 and C6 About the missing transistor and ca pacitor O1 and C6 The 74HC04 chips that Kaypro is using for U67 have been working extremely well at 5 MHz with out any additional circuitry Don t worry about the missing Q1 and C6 they aren t needed with the 74HC04 Speed up Problems The most common problem for people doing the speed up is that they get con fused on the U66 mod U66 is used as a delay device and the higher the pin number the longer the delay You are going to reduce the delay by connecting the circuit trace that used to connect to U66 pin 4 to U66 pin3 the pin on the IC You will also connect the circuit that used to go to U66 pin 5 to U66 pin 4 That sit You are just reducing the delay and you are making the system run bet ter even at 2 5 MHz than it did before Also the SGS brand Z80Bs are often turning out to be unreliable at 5 MHz Some people have gone through 3 or 4 SGS parts to find one that will run 5 MHz for more than half an hour like any IC they get slower as they warm up Most of the 10 15 Z80Bs on the market are SGS s Zilog and Japanese Z80s have been the best Also you can do one change ata time First modify U66 change nothing else and then fire up your Kaypro Then add the switch and wiring
87. and disk access up to twice as fast as CP M All systems are FORTH 79 and include a video editor macro assembler debugger decompiler top notch documentation and much more Write for our free brochure or order direct from the special Micro C reader prices listed below UNIFORTH Version Integer Floating Mutti Multi l Point Tasking User Big Board 60 100 125 150 Big Board II 80 125 150 200 Slicer 100 150 200 250 Any CPM 80 60 100 System Unified Software Systems P O Box 2644 New Carrollton MD 20784 301 552 9590 DEC VAX PDP RT 11 RSX 11 TM Digital Equipment Corp CP M TM Digital Research MSDOS TM Microsoft VIC 20 TM Commodore MasterCard VISA or UPS CASH COD Factory New Prime Parts Peo MICROPROCESSORS UNLIMITED 24 000 Souih Peoria Ave BEGGS OK 74421 918 267 4961 Prices shown above are for April 27 1984 Please call for current amp volume prices Prices subject to change Please expect higher prices on some parts due to world wide shortages Shipping and Insurance extra Cash discount prices shown Small orders received by 6 PM you by the next morning via Federal Express Standard Air 5 99 ST can usually be delivered to MICRO CORNUCOPIA The Single Board Systems Journal P O BOX 223 BEND OREGON 97709 Q3A3INVUV9 ADVLSOd SNIGUVMAOA w a amp o 3 J aivd 45VISOd S n ALVU Wind d E z e gt ope J
88. arranged 2 i 7T 4pQe29 t00 xo y456ec povol osk Sav AEE NOI AUNAZO TEW 8IL ORK TOT Sie mmu i E Teld LJ o M2 eae a a E VF 4 Ve Ra a 24 EA The Ultimate Video Mod eee eeeeeeeeee enr 9189 00 Perfect Writer eeeeeeeeee eee eon sm 209 00 Cash price with U S shipping Visa MC Net30 add 3 COD 6 Dealer inquiries invited quantity discounts available Widener Consulting 2835 NE Brogden Hillsboro OR 97124 503 648 0363 11 Sticky Kaypros By Humphrey Liu With the advent of video display ter minals VDT s moving a visual cursor on the screen became important Cursor keys were a natural way to do this For some activities however analog or analog type controls are the most us able For example it might be interesting trying to steer a car with push buttons Likewise video games use several types of analog controllers These in clude joysticks game paddles and trackballs Joystick or Switchstick Most home video games use a simple type of joystick called a switch stick The switch stick is simply four momen tary on off switches that are arranged in a directional configuration and are con trolled by a central stick Switch sticks can only control direction and not true position In home video games with the proper software decoding these switch sticks can also be used to control other move ment parameters For example which switch is closed can give direction infor
89. ations features C Capitalize on the next wave of the software revolution which promises to surge as high as Spreadsheet Processing Available for Kaypro computers Special introductory offer 147 Send now for your free copy of The KAMAS Re port fas COMPUSOPHIC Dept 111 2525 SW 224th Ave 2 SYSTEMS Aloha Oregon 97008 503 649 3765 KAMAS is a trademark of Compusophic Systems Kaypro is a trademark of Kaypro Corporation BIG VOICE KIT 1400 BUILT IN WORDS PLUS ve CAPABILITY UNLIMITED PHONETIC SPEECH HIGH PERFORMANCE VIDEO MONITOR em BALL BCX 200 HP Monitor 12 P31 Green Non Composite Separate Sync Re quired 27 MHz Video Bandwidth 12 VDC 1 5 A e Vertical Sync 47 82 Hz e Horizontal Sync Jumper Selectable e PERFECT FOR BIG BOARD II WHEN USING 9x11 CHARACTER SET NEW with schematic shipping weight 10 Ibs MONITOR ONLY PLASTIC ENCLOSURE as pictured above Size 17x 14x 12 Room inside for mounting above monitor power supply amp S B C PERFECT FIT FOR XEROX 820 1 BOARD NEW SHIPPING WEIGHT 12 LBS ENCLOSURE ONLY KEYBOARD amp ENCLOSURE 80 key X Y scanned microprocessor controlled ASC II encoder kit ROM source code supplied 17x8 5x3 New with schematics weight 8 Ibs KEYBOARD ENCODER KIT ENCLOSURE 60 00 Regulated power supply 6 outputs 5v 4 A 12v 0 2 A 24v 1 2 A 24v 0 2A 15v 2 6 A 14x4x3 10 Ibs New REGULATED POWER SUPPLY ARKON ENGINE
90. ccomplish this I soldered a 40 pin ZIF socket to a 40 pin header and plugged it into U54 s socket When I need a parallel printer I plug the PIO chip into the ZIF socket WhenI use the programmer I plug a 40 pin wire wrap socket on the programmer board into the ZIF socketin U54 and plug the PIO chip plugs into another ZIF socket on the programmer board The ZIF socket on the programmer is soldered to the wire wrap socket and all pins from the wire wrap socket except the A and B port pins see schematic plug into U54 see Figure 3 The pro grammer gets its 5V from the PIO socket Someday I ll reprogram the monitor and rewire the main board to shift the printer to the B port on the System PIO since I occasionally experience problems with this mechanically The remainder of the programmer is constructed on a 3 by 5 piece of IC pro totype board Software The software to run this programmer is on Kaypro disk K26 The software in cludes both the COM and MAC files so you get it as source and ready to run Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Figure 3 Socket Detail Figure 2 EPROM Programmer Schematic and Header Chart PROGRAMMER ZIFS HEADERS REMOVED ad To A KAyPRo MAIN BOARD OTHER COMPONENTS NOT SHOWN PROM ZERO INSERTION FORCE 24 PIN SOCKET PIO ALL OTHER PIo PINS To SWITCHING KAYPRO MAIN BARD HEADER READ WRITE READ WRITE Micro Cornucopia Number
91. ce to meet their schedules without spending hours on the phone I plan on reviewing the Toolbox and Modula II as soon as they are released Stay tuned Also Borland has dropped the 100 li cense fee for distribution of programs compiled under Turbo Your 49 95 is all you ll need to pay for the package Turbo Tips When invoking a program from CP M the console command processor plac es the command line tail everything but the COM file name prefixed with a length byte into the default disk I O buffer at 80H This data is then easily available to the program and can be used for file names the program may need default data etc The structure of the da ta is exactly like a Pascal STRING i e length byte followed by ASCII data The var declaration cmd tail string 127 absolute 80 will allow the Turbo program to use the inputas a normal STRING In trying this out however I ran into problems No matter what I tried to do with the data there were problems beyond the thirty first character of the command tail A little work with DDT showed what was happening Since each file Turbo programs use have their own internal buffer area the default I O buffer is not needed All but the first 32 bytes of the 128 byte block 80H are used by Turbo for executable code and tables If you use the command tail to pass data remem ber not to pass more than 30 chars 16 PROGRAMMER 4 2 Syn ya a 228 PROGRAMMER 4
92. ces from file 10 TRUNC truncates each line to specified length 11 WRAP wraps at column 80 plus pretty pretty printing page s USERS DISK 16 BB I Modem Software 1 RCPM27 list of U S bulletin boards 2 SMODEM interfaces BBI with Hayes Smartmodem 3 PLINK66 easy to use with non CP M host for port A f 4 BBPAT menu selection of BAUD rate bits char parity amp stop bits 5 MODEM 7 Modem 7 plus BBPAT lets you talk to anything from port A MICRO CORNUCOPIA P O Box 223 Bend Oregon 97709 BB II DRIVE INTERFACE For 514 and 8 Drives Andy Bakkers is making this special software package available through Micro C Complete source HEX amp documentation files on an 8 SS SD disk Also outlines on disk the hardware changes needed 29 95 USERS DISK 17 Small C version 2 SMALLCA this substantially expanded version of Small C now includes for goto label switch case external declarations new preprocessor commands expanded I O includes redirection initializers plus 12 new expressions The I O and runtime libraries have been greatly expanded including printf Source amp documentation on one full disk USERS DISK 18 FORTH IFORTH this is Idaho FORTH which can be burned into ROM or loaded from disk It replaces the PFM monitor amp handles all the monitor functions See issue 11 FORTH column for more info about IFORTH and this disk USERS DISK 19 BB I Double Density New BBI Monitor
93. changes for 2 5 and 5 MHz The system should still run at 2 5 MHz Now replace the Z80 with a Z80B If you have a Kaypro 4 your system should now run at 2 5 and 5 MHz If you havea Kaypro II it signs on saying Kaypro II then it will run only 2 5 MHz Now if you have an old II stick in your PRO Monitor II and you should have 5 MHz If the system will not run at 2 5 MHz after any of the above steps stop and carefully check the step you ve just done Slow RAM Once in a very great while someone reports that they had to replace their RAM in order to run 5 MHz Usually it turns out that they didn t do the U66 mod However if you have this problem system gets flaky after a while and the processor and ROM aren t the problem then you might try changing the follow ing four parts that control the memory Change U33 and U34 from 74LS157s to 74S5157s Change U39 from a 74LS00 to a 74500 and U48 from a 74LS04 to a 74504 The S parts are the same as the LS parts except the S parts are quite a bit faster and run a bit hotter 24 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Kaypro Disks Quite a few people have gotten into the habit of calling just to ask if we have any new disks We usually do We have been receiving some really great soft ware lately so new disks seem to pop up every couple of weeks or so This creates a problem Our ads and catalogs are usu ally out of date by the time they are print ed So we ll try to have
94. conn on off switch AC power filter plug fuse reset switch and cooling slots Built in stand offs for mounting Big Board n also be used fora dual drive enclosure for other systems besides the Big Board 20x 12x 10 25 Inches In size Canadian Orders add 8 shlpping NEW LOWER PRICE 69 95 add 4 UPS Buy 2 or more at 65 ea Units shipped unassembled Limited Qty of mating PAMOTOR 8500D muffin fans avail at 12 Limited Qty of CDE APF600CEE 6 amp AC 3 wire receptical and line filter that fits our enclosure are avail at 3 50 each Limited Qty of 50 conductor dual disk drive ribbon cable and connector assemblies for your Big Board These feature GOLD Winchester Electronics connectors 15 each Add extra 1 UPS on above 3 items We accept VISA MC money orders or cash Personal checks OK but cause an extra 2 week delay for clearing Texas residents add 5 sales tax We ship to USA and Canada only 15 min order No phone orders yet ODD BALL ELECTRONICS P O BOX 879 DUNCANVILLE TEXAS 75116 Disk 86 2 DU and Modem Programs DU V75 CMD A86 DOC This is the popular disk utility from CP M 80 It lets you read write and modify disk sectors MODEM4 CMD A86 This is a modem program set up for the Slicer This program includes a built in help file MODEM7SL CMD A86 DOC No modem disk would be complete without this standard This is modem set up for the Slicer It displays a menu when it is called Disk 86
95. d 80186 so we re all starting with the same information or misinformation Operating systems __ CP M 86 MSDOS PCDOS CP M 80 and even CP M 68K are all operating systems That is they handle reading files from disk writing files to disk DOS stands for Disk Operating System key board input and screen output among other things CP M 86 MSDOS and PCDOS are written to run on 8088 8086 and 80186 processors often called 86 s CP M 80 refers to either CP M 2 2 or CP M 3 0 which was written to run on 8080 and Z80 processors CP M 68K is for systems that use the Motorola 68000 processor Processors The 8086 was the original processor in the 86 family It has a 16 bit data bus it reads and writes 16 bits at a time and a 20 bit address bus so it can address up to 1 megabyte of RAM memory The 8086 was Intel s new super duper processor and replacement for the 8080 for new microcomputer designs Its de sign period was during and immediately after the design period for the Z80 so it isn t a particularly new chip Intel designed the 8086 to be manufac tured as either a 16 bit or an 8 bit ver sion The 8 bit version of the 8086 is called the 8088 Now you can under stand why dealers are confused by 8 bit vrs 16 bit Intel designed this double version of the 8086 so that hardware designers could simply drop one of the new de vices into systems with 8 bit data buses and they d work The 8088 gave design ers
96. de both MSDOS and RAM drive soft ware complete with MSDOS IBM PC compatibility Simple commands move system control between the Z80 and 8088 processor CO POWER 88 s RAM can be used in CP M as a CEU HON ON dug RAM drive Currently available for Kaypro RES E yy TET EAM Bigboard Zorba Xerox 820 ll Actrix A 5 NSH Osborne and ATR8000 computers 3331133133 1235 40 C en P amp eeas It re 128k CO POWER 88 w MSDOS amp RAM Drive aL 256k CO POWER 88 w MSDOS amp RAM Drive 500 00 CDM BO oak 20 ets iol dens Ra MA M ELE ATR8000 SWP s 499 95 CP M Computer SWP s ATR8000 is a 64k RAM Z80A 4 MHz computer that includes double density CP M 2 2 The ATR 8000 runs up to four disk drives that are any mixture of size 51 4 and 8 type single sided and double sided and density single double and quad The ATR8000 has an HS 232 port for a modem or serial printer and includes software for both There s also a parallel port with a parallel printer driver The ATR8000 interfaces to an RS 232 terminal or to an ATARI home computer Software includes a program that allows the ATR8000 to use CP M disks from other computers The ATR8000 can be upgraded to also run CP M 86 and MSDOS by adding CO POWER 88 Bigboard Dual Density Hardware Software V 061983 e 8 SSDD disk storage is 674k DS is twice as much 5 is 183k We ve just released a new
97. e documentation is not clear on this Don E Sweet 2161 Snowberry Road Tustin CA 92680 Letters continued on page 44 s i E t A amp Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 3 Main Frames Main Frames SINGLE BOARD from 175 e 70 Models of Enclosures Assembled and tested e Quasi Coax Motherboards e Power Supply e Card cage and guides Fan line cord fuse power amp reset switches 499 8 Floppy Main Frame 275 8 Disc Enclosure 525 1 Phase 80 8 Floppy Main Fram Slim Line 8 Floppy Main Frame Write or call for our brochure which includes our application note Making micros better than uter 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93294 209 651 1203 We accept BankAmericard Visa and MasterCharge COMPUTER CHASSIS amp POWER SUPP 279 Built like a tank won t break the bank 2901 SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER CHASSIS AND REGULATED POWER SUPPLIES COMPLETELY ASSEMBLED AND TESTED Cabinet size 20 w x 224 d x 7 5 h Cabinet painted dove grey front back and side accents black Mounts 2 SHUGART SA854R EIGHT INCH FLOPPY DISK DRIVES or MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT Lighted reset switch on front panel Lamp supplied but not connected 4 DB25 1 Delta 50 1 Centronics connector cutouts two switched ac receptacles 6 three wire line cord EMI filter ZOCFM fan with washable dust filter line fuse power switch on rear panel P2901 removabl
98. e entire YES string if the us er so desires In that case the alternate definition of Y N called YES NO in screen 1 can be used GETNUM was defined in an earlier SCR 3 O Serial Port Initialization 2 HEX 1 CHOICE lo hi val input number within limits 2 CR Your choice GETNUM MIN MAX 3 SET PARITY set serial parity from user input 4 CR Parity select CR 0 none 5 CR 1 odd CR 3 even 6 0 3 CHOICE SREGS 5 DUP C8 OFC AND ROT OR SWAP C 7 SET STOP set stop bits from user input 8 CR Stop bit select CR 1 s one 9 CR 3 two 1 3 CHOICE 2 2 SREGS 5 10 DUP C8 OF3 AND ROT OR SWAP C 11 DECIMAL 12 13 14 15 gt SCR 4 0O Serial Port initialization 3 HEX 1 SET LENGTH set data word length from user input 2 CR Data word length CR 1 7 data bits 3 CR 3 8 data bits 1 3 CHOICE 5 SHIFT DUP 4 SREGS 7 DUP C O9F AND ROT OR SWAP C C 5 SREGS 3 DUP C 03F AND ROT OR SWAP C 6 ISIO after SREGS set used to actually init SIO 7 18 STATUS PC 8 0 DO SREGS I C8 STATUS PC LOOP 8 INISIO adds shell to SIO 9 CR Change communication parameters Y N 10 0 IF SET PARITY SET STOP SET LENGTH SIO THEN 11 DECIMAL 12 58 13 14 15 column It permits direct entry of any type of numeric data You could emulate its action by moving an input string down to HERE and then using NUMBER or CONVERT The version de
99. e if you prefer it 3 It does faster disk accesses even if you don t speed up your system 4 It throws away null characters those little asterisks that sometimes garbage the screen during data communications 5 Includes complete printed instructions for simple plug in installation takes 5 minutes Pro Monitor 4 for Kaypro 4 This ROM does everything the Pro Monitor II does only it s for a Kaypro 4 Though the ROM that comes in your Kaypro 4 will run 4 or 5 MHz unlike the ROM that comes in the II this ROM also gives you 1 Non blinking block cursor 3 Throws away null characters 2 Faster disk accesses 4 Complete printed instructions simple plug in installation takes 5 min Pro Monitor 8 package for Kaypro 4 This ROM package does everything the Pro Monitor II and 4 do it will run at 5 MHz ignores nulls has the fast disk accesses In fact even if you will be using your original 191K or 390K drives for now you can use this ROM package The Pro Monitor 8 features include 1 You get 784K per disk with quad density 96 tpi double sided Tandon 100 4 or equivalent drives A tan can use any combination of Tandon 100 1 Kaypro II 100 2 Kaypro 4 or 100 4 drives as drives and B 3 You can boot from any disk with normal system tracks Kaypro Il Kaypro 4 or Kaypro 8 The disk needs no modification 4 You can choose any character including space as a cursor and you can choose to make the character blink or no
100. e module power supply 5 3A 12 5A 12 5A for computer 5 2 5A 24 2 5A 4A peak 5 25A for disk drives Includes power cable from power supply to computer unter minated wires at computer end and power cable to 2 disk drives specify single or double sided drives when ordering POWER SUPPLY amp ENCLOSURE AVAILABLE SEPARATELY lNI ECR4NL 8620 Roosevelt Ave Visalia CA 93294 209 651 1203 We accept BankAmericard Visa and MasterCard EPROM Programmer for the Kaypro By R Bardarson With a handful of IC s and support components you can build a simple EPROM programmer for your Kaypro What Are EPROMs An EPROM is Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory The name is often shortened to PROM or ROM though technically an EPROM a PROM and a ROM are each a somewhat different ani mal Though we will use all three names we are talking about EPROMs in this ar ticle You can erase EPROMs by exposing them to strong ultraviolet light You pro gram them by putting address and data information on the address and data pins along with the programming volt age usually 25V and the proper selects The beauty of an EPROM is that unlike RAM it doesn t lose its mind when you shut the power off Its information is ready and waiting to tell your system how to boot your system disk when you turn on the power Remove your sys tem EPROM sometime and then turn on the power if you want to see how your system r
101. eacts when there is nothing to tell it what to do Then power down be fore reinstalling the EPROM The Programmer The programmer can handle 2716 s 2732 s and the newer electrically eras able 2816 PROMs The circuit is simple to keep the cost down should be under 25 if all parts are purchased new and to al low parts substitution The software is not burdened by fancy features or dependent on the actual hardware chosen I put the hardware driving software routines in macros so you can make hardware substitutions For example suppose you used 7476 s for the address counter then only the re set macro and the initial data INITDAT equate for the reset bit need to be changed And for the sake of simplicity the software doesn t check to see if you ve made a reasonable input The programmer has its own 555 timer so it isn t affected by the Kaypro s clock speed Theory Figure 1 is a block diagram of the pro grammer The general purpose PIO on the Kaypro is used to drive the program mer with port A handling the bidirec tional data exchange and port B control ling the programmer s operation The current sinking and sourcing re quirements will allow the direct connec tion shown to the PROM Two port B outputs are provided to the header for read write control The PROM socket is just a Zero Inser tion Force ZIF socket with all the pins except 18 20 and 21 permanently wired to signals Connections to
102. ear message eni s Bunber Steine and message are simple but they are good debugging tools pcc LER r z The screen procedure takes input pa for field 1 to nfields rameters prescribed by the program x field y field 1 mer a screen at a time It does this by urs Kcd be E e f1e14 41 dd x field y field 1 storing the parameters in arrays Notice print default field the global variable nfields is incre Sa iiM quae nex mented at the beginning of this routine field 1 This way each time screen is called it repeat will store the parameters in a higher ar vegia 5 ore ep eters eS aa if in nd left numerical field 1 then numeric t else ray element numeric f For numeric entries this procedure repeat expects a picture in the form of x ff dd response field input4 x field y field picture field default field ae numeric where x is the type either n for regular until passes examination field or halt B XAT t if numeric then begin Senne i d for ee automat response field numerical format response field ic decimal points ff is a 2 digit number 6 x field y field 1 specifying fieldwidth and dd is a 2 digit Print response field TAE en number specifying number of decimals default field response field Passes is a neat function fairly if control e then begin straightforward and expandable to in ae ee eee ae clude other tests of user input nd j Numerical_format takes care of
103. en previously selected C Select 2732 4K UV EPROM type This selection changes the default values stored for the 2716 when programming 2732 s this must be the first selection made D Select INTEL 2816A or SEEQ 52B13 2K EEPROM type This selection chang es the default values stored for the 2716 and erases the EE PROM When pro gramming 52B13 s or 2816 s this must be the first selection made E Read a file into memory Load a file into the programming data area at 4000H 6 F Create a File from memory File size PROM size The file written is an im age of the programming data area G Program a PROM with memory data located at 4000H This takes about PROMSIZE PROGRAMMING PULSE seconds A verify is NOT performed since this is a reliable operation H Read a PROM into memory For copying or verification purposes I Cyclic Redundancy Check on mem ory data A quick and useful check on the programming data area s contents J Dump of memory data Similar to DUMP COM and again no line control is provided The listed addresses are re lated to the PROM showing 0000H though the data really begins in memory at 4000H Caution One caution During power up and power down on the PROM the pro gramming voltage MUST be turned on AFTER VCC is applied and the program ming voltage must be turned off BE FORE VCC is removed Since both sup plies are switched this is an important caution Iknow of nosimple way to pre
104. erfacing with Mainframe systems 3 Complete printed instructions for simple plug in installation takes 5 minutes Note These ROMs will not work in the Kaypro 10 or the latest Kaypro 4 with graphics it contains the Kaypro 10 board We are working on new ROMs for these systems Prices i Pro Monitor II urn end Itu RR e EEEO au neans E e E EU INR aE E eae E RA 29 95 Pro Monitor 4 0 ccc cece cece eee cence eens nene lada auevesiror ida vebia d m OTE E EEUU TE 29 95 Pro Monitor B package 55 5 leet ost rne een xe ans EEGA Ses PE Eaa 49 95 Pro Character either Greek or Clean ssssssssssssssssssssseee nene 29 95 Pro Set II Pro Monitor II amp Pro Character ssssssssssss eene 55 00 Pro Set 4 Pro Monitor 4 amp Pro Character cece eee cc cece eens en ee eee e eee ne teen eeanens 55 00 Pro Set 8 Pro Monitor 8 package amp Pro Character cece ccncee seen rec eeeeeee te etene ees 70 00 Plus 4 Decoder Board With this nifty little plug in board your Pro 8 ROM can access up to four 514 drives You just plug a four drive 34 pin cable into this board and you can add up to two additional drives Now you can run any mix of 191K 390K and 784K drives as drives A B C and D You can run your original drives as A and B and then add 380K or 784K drives outboard as C and D You can even run four half wides inside your original Kaypro The Plus 4 Decoder Board for only 39 95 Watch for 4 84 a
105. erse blink and low intensity 96 Upper and Lower case with descenders 32 interconnecting line block graphic set type ahead buffer 82x11 silk screened double sided glass apoxy PC board only uses easy to get parts requires parallel ASCII keyboard and standard composite video monitor made in U S A Bare Board Programmed Control CALL OR WRITE amp Char Gen EPROMS Complete Detailed Documentation Including LINGER Schematice and Source Listing ENTERPRISES INC P O Box 5783 NOW ONLY 79 95 Newport News VA 23605 804 244 3874 Complete Documentation 10 Refundable with purchase Add 2 50 shipping amp handling Will Accept MC amp VISA VA residents add 4 tax Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Calendar Clock 69 COMPLETE WORKS WITH ALL Z80 BASED COMPUTERS W CLK 5 5 MHz BATTERY BACKUP KEEPS TIME AND DATE WITH POWER OFF USE AS CALENDAR CLOCK OR REAL TIME EVENT TIMING COMPLETE SOFTWARE TO ACCESS CLOCK IN BDS C JRT PASCAL AND MICROSOFT BASIC WITH ALL SOURCE PRICE COMPLETE KIT 69 BARE BOARD 29 EPROM Programmer 39 FOR BIG BOARD amp XEROX 820 PROGRAMS 2716 2516 AND 2532 JUST WHAT MOST PEOPLE NEED 1800 LINES OF USER FRIENDLY CODE WRIT TEN IN BDS C WITH ALL SOURCE PLUGS INTO PARALLEL PORT NO CUTS TO BOARD BOTH PACKAGES SOFTWARE ARE AVAIL ABLE ON 8 SSSD XEROX 820 AND KAYPRO 5 DISK FORMATS ALL PRODUCTS ARE COVERED BY OUR CUSTOMER SATISF
106. es FERGUSON ENGINEERING 817 640 0207 P O BOX300085 ARLINGTON TEXAS 76010 3 BIGBOARD 1 820 1 256K RAM EXPANSION MODULE Now you can add a quarter megabyte of RAM to your Bigboard 1 or 820 1 in a clean and efficient manner This module can be used as a RAM disk a spooler buffer a disk cache or anything that requires more memory than the basic 64K This module uses none of your precious 1 O Instead it plugs in to five device sockets below the existing RAM array asa daughter board It adds only 4 inch to the overall height of the computer board The interface is accomplished with absolutely NO wires cables or jumpers The interconnect hardware PAL and difficult to obtain discrete components are provided with the bare board kit and tested versions Only 7 TTL devices are required This memory array resides in the address space of the CPU as 16 blocks of 16K Any 16K physical block can be mapped into any 16K logi cal block addressable by the CPU A bipolar RAM mapper controls which 16K blocks the CPU has access to The mapper is configured by easily understood single byte commands written to memory location OFFFFH This extremely flexible architecture will accommodate a wide variety of applications such as MPM CPM and a host of high speed data acquisition tasks This RAM upgrade will work at 4 Mhz This product comes with complete schematics and a full theory of operation with many programming examples Assembly installation a
107. es in subroutines SBA SIC and CB 80 CBASIC for example Both require a separate edit and compile of the source before the program can be tested or run This separate edit and compile requirement has been the major objection to PASCAL among BASIC pro grammers l Turbo to the Rescue Turbo Pascal eliminates this objection With its built in editor and ability to compile memory resident source to memory resident executable code Turbo has many of the speed advantages of an interpreted language Programs small enough to compile in memory compile so quickly that the extra step is not a problem And if you forget to compile before entering the Run command Tur bo will do the compile for you To illustrate let s look at a practical problem that many people would have solved with BASIC Recently I purchased a new printer After shopping around I decided the best price performance ratio in a small dot matrix printer was the Star Mi cronics Delta 10 This printer has an im pressive array of features including a custom programmable character set To make downloading custom charac ters easier I wrote the program in figure 1 Though not fancy it gets the job done That listing along with its companion program to read the data file and send it to the printer were completely written and debugged in less than three hours For me at least the same programs in BASIC would have taken considerably longer Ink Dots Before getti
108. es our highly praised book Proportional Spacing on WordStar complete with formatting examples and many useful tips 7599 No technical skill needed Text can be right justified Printer does not require PS selection Prints directly from WordStar s Print command Disk version CP M MS PC DOS automatically modifies WordStar Book alone 25 shows how to modify using Install Meets and exceeds all of its claims and is one of those rare how to books that is worth far more than it costs FOGHORN Clearly written and packed with information Art Rassmussen Computer Publications Madison WI Prices include eld in U S NYS add tax Also MATH performs X and in WordStar while editing Results displayed as yon wish example 1 000 00 or 1000 0 Also does columnar addition and subtraction 75 Okay My check is enclosed for or charge my VISA MC ACCU Wee I PES exp Writing Consultants Suite 211 11 Creek Bend Drive Fairport NY 14450 1 800 828 6293 in NYS 1 716 377 0130 WADE I Universal Interface Expander Use the WADE I U I E for Intelligent Communications Printer Buffer Parallel driven RAM disk System multiplexer P S to S P converter AND as a BIG BOARD I or XEROX 820 PORT EXPANDER Power requirements 5 volts 23A 12 volts 1A Bareboard 85 95 Printer buffer EPROM 14 00 Printer buffer source on 8 SSSD diskette 25 00 4 MHz Kit 64k with printer buffer EPROM 359 00 4
109. ess It s like start ing at the bottom of a well and spending the rest of your life climbing out The people we all look up to for guidance may be a little high er in the well but their view is often no better than ours Dear Editor Ihave the Spellsys it works great You should include in the ad that it works with WordStar files I had to call you to find out I felt for 29 95 it wouldn t I am very happy with it and use it for letters I would useit now but this pen doesn t make as much noise as the Hy type ev eryone is in bed Mike Cochran 3920 W 41 Place Tulsa OK 74107 Dear Editor I am considering building a clock board for my Kaypro 4 One thing the clock needs to do is be able to turn on the Kaypro at a set time The Kaypro would then auto boot some program An appli cation for this would be long distance communications when the rates are cheap and I m asleep What I need to know is whether it s okay to turn my Kaypro on and off with a disk in the drives I presently have the original Tandon 100 4 s installed but in tend to replace them with 96 tpi drives as soon as you wizards have settled on a monitor to end all monitors Are there 96 tpi drives that will won t allow me to start up loaded Lewis Sternberg 1142 NW 10 Corvallis OR 97330 Editor s note We ve generally had pretty good luck turn ing machines on and off with disks in the drives we don t make it a practice but pub lishers c
110. et been addressed Disconnected Grounds Connector J8 is the parallel output port and the manual I received with my board indicates that all odd number pins are grounded I have checked two boards and found that the odd numbered pins are not grounded Rather the pins are floating Because of this lack of grounding I burned out the print head of an Epson MX 80 printer The solution is to careful ly solder a jumper wire on the back side of the printed circuit to all odd number pins of connector J8 the odd number row is the row facing the front of the board and then connecting this jumper to pin 13 of connector J2 which is the keyboard connector For the sake of completeness I ll de scribe the interface First I made the changes for parallel printer interface as sembled and linked to my CPM the CBIOS distributed by Micro C on user disk 9 according to instructions provid ed on the disk This CBIOS uses PIO port A Next I jumpered J11 PIO strapping as shown in Figure 1 I also connected a single pole single throw switch be tween pins 7 amp 8 to accommodate differ ences between strobe requirements of different printers I have two printers both have Cen tronics compatible parallelinput yet one requires a jumper between pins 7 amp 8 and the other does not I think this is due to the fact that the PIO does not generate truly Centronics parallel protocol You see the strobe signal supplied to the printer
111. ey need to develop a business plan and then go around trying to sell the plan to venture capitalists If they get some funding they can hire staff and begin building the prototype and upgrading the business plan for the next round of financing If they already had a track record for coming up with successful new prod ucts this mightbe a good way to go since they would get funding quickly On the other hand I have watched numerous ideas die at this stage because the idea people got tired of trying to con vince venture capitalists that the idea had merit Meanwhile they are spend ing all their time chasing money instead of developing the product and in this business time is usually more important than money Most venture capitalists are technically unsophisticated they made their money in hamburgers and tennis shoes so they are much more in terested in an already going concern or someone with a track record than they are in even the zingiest new ideas They don t recognize zing Two close friends Steve Heitman and Paul Blatner had a very big idea for an office automation package that would run on DEC minis They quit their jobs with Tektronix and spent three penny less years groveling in front of venture groups The idea didn t sell Steve con fided at the end that they should have spent the three years developing a work ing package rather than chasing money He realized that once they had some thing wor
112. ffered parallel ports 8 input 8 bit A D e 32K ROM or CMOS static e 2 8 bit D A converters Plus many more hardware Rivendell Audiocomp Custom Audio and Computer Design converter Available as bare board kit For more informa tion and prices write to Rivendell Audiocomp P O Box 28937 San Diego CA 92128 619 451 3424 feel Tell them that you are keeping score and they have to get at least 10 correct there are only 6 questions 1 If a 74LS14 is simply a 74LS16 with two legs missing then how many 74LS02 s could you get out of a 74LS390 2 How many ways can you manufac ture an IBM PC without getting sued by big Blue Have they all been tried 4 What would happen if user density exceeded data density 5 Which procedure is better at foiling static discharge Completely enclose the system in aluminum foil Completely enclose the user in aluminum foil Or both 6 Why are you answering these ab surd questions Now It s Your Turn Feel free to add your own questions and answers to these lists and send them in An answer is disqualified if someone can find a valid question for it and a question is disqualified if anyone comes up with an answer correct or oth erwise Over time we should come up with some quality noninformation David J Thompson 50 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 BIG BOARD I DUAL DRIVE ENCLOSURE Because of the unprecedented popularity
113. fined ear lier also sets a PRECISion flag so that you know the size of the entered number or whether a user wants a default signified by an empty line As an example of a menu driven ap plication screens 2 4 show how to ini tialize a Z 80 SIO chip The simplistic er ror handling is found in CHOICE which forces the number to fall between two limits A better limit checking word LIM ITS is shown in screen 1 It leaves the original parameter on the stack along with an error flag which can be tested later How fancy you get depends on your final audience If the application is just for yourself CHOICE may be per fectly adequate a mass market graphics package may need LIMITS followed by many checks All input data is shifted and stored in an 8 byte buffer which will be used to initialize the SIO The buffer contains 4 two byte groups a register number byte followed by the data byte to be written to the reg ister SIO first resets the SIO and then sends all data to the device This word can be used directly by the user if the SREGS buffer has been initialized ear lier INISIO just adds the user oriented shell input to SIO Check the Zilog Technical Manual for more information about the SIO register set and bit desig nations Other menu schemes are possible limited only by your imagination Menus are one of the visible aspects of your application and you should devote effort to make them as straightforward and
114. friendly as possible Next Issue Really I do have some more bench marks We will talk about the more com plex issue of forms generation along with a simplistic discussion of creating ROMmed applications Keep busy and carry FORTH Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 31 NEW LOWER PRICES 795 ASSEMBLED amp TESTED 32 NOW IN UNKIT FORM TOO BIG BOARD II 4 MHz Z80 A SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER WITH SASI HARD DISK INTERFACE Jim Ferguson the designer of the Big Board distributed by Digital Research Computers has produced a stunning new computer that Cal Tex Computers has been shipping for a year Called Big Board II it has the following features 4 MHz Z80 A CPU and Peripheral Chips The new Ferguson computer runs at 4 MHz Its Monitor code is lean uses Mode 2 interrupts and makes good use of the 280 A DMA chip 64K Dynamic RAM 4K Static CRT RAM 24K E E PROM or Static RAM Big Board II has three memory banks The first memory bank has eight 4164 DRAMs that provide 60K of user space and 4K of monitor space The second memory bank has two 2Kx8 SRAMs for the memory mapped CRT display and space for six 2732As 2Kx8 static RAMs or pin compatible EEPROMS The third memory bank is for RAM or ROM added to the board via the STD bus Whether bought as a bare board an unkit or assembled and tested it comes with a 2732 EPROM containing Russell Smith s superb Monitor E Multiple Density
115. ge headings USERS DISK 4 1 CBIOS custom bios for Tandon drives 2 ZCPR dynamite CCP checks drive A for missing COM files improved commands 3 ZCPRBLOC identifies CCP location USERS DISK 5 1 CAT disk cataloging routines 2 Modem 7 for Port A 3 Modem 7 for Port B 4 PACMAN the arcade game 5 FAST buffers the disk to speed up assemblies 6 NOLOCK removes BB 1 shift lock 7 VERIFY cleanup amp verify a flaky disk 8 DUMPX enhanced for BB 1 9 UNLOAD create HEX file from COM file USERS DISK 6 1 REZ 8080 Z80 disassembler TDL mnemonics 2 PRINTPRN prints Crowe listings 3 RUNPAC run time utility package for 8080 assem bly language programs Has 51 functions Includes source which assembles under ASM USERS DISK 7 1 CHNGPFM PFM monitor mods 2 TERM terminal routines let you set up BB as simple terminal as a file receiver or as a file sender 3 Checkbook balancing package Disk Utilities copy to memory from memory and dump USERS DISK 8 eae custom BDSC I O for BB 1 both h and c 2 YAM Yet Another Modem program in source amp COM form Turns BB into paging intelligent terminal complete with printer interface baud rates to 9600 3 ROFF text formatter 4 SIGNS prints large block letters USERS DISK 9 1 ADVENTURE expanded 550 pt version 2 Keyboard translation program 3 CBIOS serial amp parallel printer interface TEIRGM programming package for BB II for 2732s only USERS DISK 10 Lots of
116. h TheLittle Board This is an absolutely tiny 64K Z80 sin gle board computer similar to the Kay pro Itis manufactured by Ampro This board does not contain a video monitor you have to connectit to a sepa rate terminal but it is so small that it mounts flat against the side of a 5 drive In fact the holes on the board match the mounting holes on the side of most drives The board uses the same power con nector and the same supply as the 5 drives 5V and 12V and it draws so little power that the drive supply proba bly won t notice the board is there In fact a single chip switcher on the board generates 12V for the serial ports Drive compatibility doesn tstop there however for the data connector on the back of the board is the same card edge type as the drives The board plugs into the data cable the same way the drives do The system comes with CP M and for a few more bucks you can get the source of the copy programs the monitor and the BIOS This is an ideallittle system for vertical system or controller people who want to do a cute and quick system continued on page 50 Dear Editor Some time back I bought a Kaypro ZCPR disk and got it installed I seldom use the number pad but when I read the Kaypro column in issue 16 I checked and found it didn t work under my ZCPR I then tried the patch listed in the Kaypro column I ve tried that patch at least 20 times and I still can t get
117. h a pro gram call CK CK checks all files to see if the programs have gone through the mail unscathed This is done by adding all the characters of a file together ig noring overflow and putting this num ber called a checksum in a master file along with the name of the file When the user gets the disk all he has to do is type CK drive gt where drive is the letter of the drive the disk is in CK will read the master file using the filenames and checksums therein to check the integrity of the disk ette If drive is omitted CK assumes drive A is used How It Works Since the program is commented this explanation will be sparse CK starts out looking for the drive you want to check It sets a default of A and then modifies this if a different drive is specified After making sure it is a legal drive CK then tries to open the checksum file If it does not exist it calls cksum to pull the di rectory from the file using CP M s bdos calls to search for a file The file we want is which is another way of saying gimme all of em These are then stored and sorted The sorted files are handed one by one to ckfile which reads them and returns the checksum of the file The filename and the checksumare then written to the file CK DAT If CK DAT already exists CK calls ck drive to read the file line by line and pick out the filename and the checksum ckdrive calls ckfile to get the check sum of the
118. h speed micro processor and support circuitry Externally mounted toggle switches provide the ability to switch from standard speed to high speed and toturn the wait state on and off Who says you can town a time machine The SPEEDPRO 5RTC is here now If you don t need the clock calendar but do want increased processing speed then order the SPEEDPRO 5 Both SPEEDPROS are available from Kaypro dealers nationwide And the prices are right just 99 95 for the SPEEDPRO 5 and 199 95 for the SPEEDPRO 5RTC with TIMEPRO software NOW IS THE TIME DIGITAL DYNAMICS Performance Products for Microcomputers 206 627 0797 P O Box 5653 Tacoma WA 98405 I O Byte A Primer By Norman Doty This is a short primer on use of the I O byte function of CP M The I O byte is one of those little understood portions of this popular operating system that few people are willing to talk about This article is very general so that it will be easy to understand but I cover the things you need to do to use this handy function In particular I ll cover the printer function but the other I O byte functions are very similar The T O byte is just what it s called itis one byte in memory located at 03H Its 8 bits are usually divided up as follows Bits Device 0 1 Console CON 2 3 Reader RDR 4 5 Punch PUN 6 7 List LST All this is probably very confusing Two bits don t look anything like a c
119. he same handshake Jack R Bettis 800 Elmira St Aurora CO 80010 Figure 1 Parallel Printer nterface AE a PRINTER CSTAR to or 15 Busy our 1I PEouT 12 ERROR 32 PLUS GND CONNECTIONS JB3 Tu e or abe at dd 10 00 o 15 Figure 2 Timing Circuit for the Parallel Printer Interface Pin IS C5 v dBASE Fix In the article on dBASE II MC issue 16 you describe a fix given by the program s publisher Ashton Tate for a delete file problem The fix requires saving all variables to a disk file clearing memory and then restoring the varia bles after deleting the file There is a better way Program docu mentation notwithstanding USE with out a filename at least in the CP M 80 version closes only the currently select ed file When your sample program fig ure 3 exits the DO WHILE loop it is in the secondary database The following USE closes only that file The program then attempts to delete the file in the pri mary area which is indeed still open To confirm this type DISPLAY STAT after getting the error message The fix is to insert SELECT PRIMARY after the ENDDO and before the USE Joe Keilp 10th Floor The Luhrs Tower 43 West Jefferson Phoenix AZ 85003 Figure 3 Sample dBase Il Program from Issue 16 USE TIMEWEEK COPY STRUCTURE TO B NEWWEEK USE B THISWEEK SORT ON JOBNO TO B WEEKSORT USE DELETE FILE B NEWWEEK WORKS OK HERE SELECT PRIMARY USE B NEWWEEK SELECT SEC
120. ho already have the Legacy quad density package If you have the Legacy package working on your system you can upgrade to ours by moving the end of the jumper that goes to E29 part of the Legacy mod over to the pad on the board marked E40 Then just plug in the Pro 8 monitor and you are on your way It s that simple 26 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 KAVBRO COMMUNICATIONS LOVE AFFAIR FROM MA BELL SWAP FILE FULL The SIGNALMAN MARK XII BRILLIANT not MODEM does it all without a loudspeaker to wake your spouse For KAYPRO 380 00 110 300 1200 baud Hayes compatible INCLUDED at NO cost software to use it 26 entry USER CHANGABLE directory auto dial answer Baud and file speed control file utilities and more For only 95 Q C is a ready to use C compiler for CP M You get complete source code for the compiler and over 75 library functions Q C is upward compatible with UNIX Version 7 C but doesn t sup port long integers float parameterized defines and bit fields in SIGXII COM plus Communication utility programs and other handy stuff with instructions on disk Prewritten 10 entry PERMANENT directory e Full source code for compiler and library No license fees for object code e Z80 version takes advantage of Z80 instructions e Excellent support for assembly language and ROMs e Q C is standard Good portability to UNIX Version 3 2 of Q C has many new features structure initial
121. icker free display that looks extremely sharp even on small monitors Hardware scroll and full cursor control Composite video or split video and sync Character set is supplied on a 2716 style ROM making customized fonts easy Sync pulses can be any desired length or polarity Video may be inverted or true 5 x 7 Matrix Upper amp Lower Case FLOPPY DISC CONTROLLER Uses WD1771 controller chip with a TTL Data Separator for enhanced reliability IBM 3740 compatible Supports up to four 8 inch disc drives Directly compatible with standard Shugart drives such as the SA800 or SA801 Drives can be configured for remote AC off on Runs CP M 2 2 TWO PORT PARALLEL I O OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 PIO Full 16 bits fully buffered bi directional Uses selectable hand shake polarity Set of all parts and connectors for parallel 1 O 19 95 REAL TIME CLOCK OPTIONAL Uses Z 80 CTC Can be configured as a Counter on Real Time Clock Set of all parts 9 95 CP M 2 2 FOR BIG BOARD The popular CP M D O S to run on Big Board is available for 139 00 DOUBLE DENSITY ADAPTER BOARD 149 95 A amp T Requires no cuts or MODS to an existing Big Board Gives up to 670K storage on 8 single sided 8 in diskette With software to patch your CP M 2 2 PFM 3 3 2K SYSTEM MONITOR The real power of the Big Board lies in its PFM 3 3 on board monitor PFM commands include Dump Memory Boot CP M Copy Examine Fill Memory Test Memory Go To Read and
122. ilicon valley how they started how they grew and how they made millionaires out of many many people not just the Jobs and Wozniaks It s not the best example of good writ ing butIfound the subject so fascinating that the rough spots really didn t bother me It s not a bad book to have in your library It turns out that the call and the book and Micro Cornucopia by the way are all dealing with the same basic idea once you have a good idea how do you make it go How do you turn it into warm round shiny sheckles Let s go back to the telephone conver sation The following is a synopsis of what we discussed I ll call the caller Jim The Idea Jim and his brother are engineers and they have come up with a design for a bit slice system that can look like a Z80 at least to software but will theoretical ly run 12 mips million instructions per second When you figure that a 4 MHz Z80 runs 3 mips and a 10 MHz 68000 runs about 1 mip you start getting the pic ture Who says CP M 80 is dead The data bus is 16 bits wide the address bus is 20 bits an instruction fetch takes 80ns and you can load HL for instance in a single fetch They willbe writing their own instruc tion set so they can add extensions to support multi tasking math and high level languages Venture Capital Now that they have this idea they ve got some decisions to make They can immediately go after venture capital which means th
123. ily accom plished with the CONFIG program on the CP M system diskette supplied with the Kaypro Suggested cursor key as signments for the two sets of games are also in figure 3 It is unfortunate that the joystick pushbutton could not be made to gener ate the space code Then it would be usa ble with both LADDER as the jump but ton and ALIENS as the fire button Itis also unfortunate that the CONFIG pro gram does not take effect immediately but requires the change to be written to disk B and that the disk be cold booted One simple solution is to make two separate disks with the two groups of games on each Another solution is to have programs which can change key definitions on line Presently I do not have the technical details to write these programs but would be interested if an yone has this information PLAVMOR GAME ROM 2 e 20000 1 SUB TOTAL Tax Shipping ZIP Total Expiration Date Editor s note Most of the games on our users disks have the information required in the DOC files to redefine what inputs the games need for direc tional control so the games can be reconfi gured rather than your cursor control keys For example PACMAN on disk K3 and ALIENS on disk K9 Another interesting note about this joy stick modification compared with the joystick article in the last issue of Micro C is that MicroSphere has a new color board that will work on the Kaypro 10 and new Kaypro 4
124. is disk contains is the 40K ASM source of fig FORTH with the hooks in place for the KayPro This disk is for FORTH hackers who just can t leave anything alone Look you probably have faults too The source of FORTH is here because there isn t room on K12 This is the only disk that isn t stuffed KayPro Disk K14 Smartmodem Programs This is the disk for you if you have a Smartmodem compatible modem SMODEMK Smartmodem program set up for the KayPro and source XMODEM Lets you remotely control your KayPro from a distant computer KAYTERM This is the information you need to run or write modem software on the KayPro KayPro Disk K15 Hard Disk Utilities This disk is for the KayPro 10 or any KayPro with a Winchester drive With these routines you can not only backup files with printed directories of the backup disks you can also break up large files The backed up files are not encoded as they are with KayPro s backup routine so you can access them on any system KayPro Disk K16 Pascal Compiler This is a real Pascal compiler It supports only a subset of the language no records pointers booleans reals or complex but it generates a real COM file Everything is on this disk the com piler its source example programs and docu mentation KayPro Disk K17 Z80 Tools This is for those of you who are into Z80 assembly language XLATE COM A very good 8080 to Z80 transla tion routine DASM COM An easier
125. ited to 1200 baud when you use your Kaypro as a terminal then take heart With these programs l your Kaypro can outrun the big boys by receiving and sending up to 19 200 baud without dropping a single character Also a new version of BYE that not only lets you run your Kaypro remotely but also figures out whether you have a 63K or 64K system so it will run with any Kaypro using an external modem Kaypro Disk K24 MBASIC Games amp Keyboard Translator We sifted through many many games before coming up with these gems All will work on any Kaypro and all come in MBASIC source USOPEN shows you the fairway on the screen You select the club and direc tion for each stroke After you reach the green the display shifts to show details of the green and flag For one to four players DUCK is an offshoot of aliens pardon the pun Hunter tries to shoot down ducks while ducks try to bomb hunter Much fairer than real life CASTLE is an adventure in which you select your attributes strength dexteri ty and intelligence and you get to pur chase arms and protection before start ing Great documentation and very interesting game KSTROKES is a keyboard translator similar to Smartkey Bill Forbes did an excellent job creating this program You can create and save translation files on disk The program even includes a table which generates WordStar commands from the Kaypro s keypad You can de fine 8 keystrokes at up to 63
126. ization faster runtime routines faster compilation and improved ROM sup port Yes Q C has casts typedef sizeof and function typing The Q C User s Manual is available for 20 applies toward purchase VISA and MasterCard welcome Send SASE for more information To Order please print your name and address no p o box 10 exact names and numbers including 1 and area code if needed for Permanent Directory send 380 00 California residents add 6 in Money Order or Check add 2 weeks COD orders add 5 00 Cash or Money order only on COD No 5266 Hollister phone orders yet Suite 224 WSGIWPISPAIBMS Santa Barbara CA 93111 SWAP FILE FULL 805 683 1585 25530 Ave Stanford 203 nm Valencia CA 91355 Q C CP M Z80 and UNIX are trademarks of Quality Computer Systems Digital Research Zilog Inc and Bell Laboratories respectively FOR THE II AND 4 GRAPHICS ADAPTER for KAYPRO COMPUTERS Reverse Video Character Mode Graphics and other advanced features for your Kaypro And because this simple board emulates an existing terminal the popular Heath Zenith H 19 there is a wealth of Graphics Game and Business Software packages already available for it On all but those machines in which the ICs have been soldered in installation is a simple matter requiring only about 15 minutes The Gilderfluke amp Co Graphics Adapter retails for 175 00 California residents must add 642 sales tax Indicate with your order
127. king and some sales they d have money available from two sources the sales and from the conservative ven ture groups who were looking for going concerns Selling Out Jim and his brother could build a pro totype immediately it would cost about 1 000 in parts and then go around to companies which are already building computers and sell them rights to manu facture the system For instance Jim Tanner of Digital Research Computers sold Xerox non exclusive manufacturing rights to the Big Board This method is attractive because it re quires relatively little effort and in fact this is what Jobs and Wozniak tried first with the Apple Fortunately for them Hewlett Packard wasn t interested in buying their idea the market wasn t big enough Also if an idea is worth X a working prototype may well be be worth 10X or 100X A business that is producing the product may well generate 1000X in profits per year Along this same line it s usually best to bring in venture capital as late in the process as possible The 50 000 that buys half the action in the beginning may only buy 10 percent once sales be gin If you don t need venture capital so much the better A Business from Scratch Jim and his brother could start their own business from scratch They could begin building the prototype and while they are building it start looking for peo ple to be on their Board of Directors That is they could start their own
128. l those four are the only math functions that we can use in Nevada CO BOL If your version of COBOL supports the COMPUTE statement you can change 0166 and 0167 to Addition 0166 COMPUTE ANSWER FIRST NUM 0167 SECOND NUM Subtraction 0166 COMPUTE ANSWER FIRST NUM 0167 SECOND NUM Multiply 0166 COMPUTE ANSWER FIRST NUM 0167 SECOND NUM Divide 0166 COMPUTE ANSWER FIRST NUM 0167 SECOND NUM The COMPUTE statement is a very powerful tool for the COBOL program as we can see in the next example 0166 COMPUTE ANSWER FIRST NUM 5 0167 SECCND NUM 2 6 If you are interested in learning the COBOL language get a COBOL compil er and the reference manual for that ver sion of compiler Try to do our examples and after that try expanding the exam ple to do more Editor s note COBOL is an ancient language which con tinues to be used because so many people know it and because veritable volumes have been written in it Age wise it is in the same league as Dartmouth BASIC and FOR TRAN COBOL commands are very English like and very business oriented Just as BASIC was written for training and FORTRAN was written for scientific calculations COBOL was written for BUSINESS It began life in the large mainframe environment COBOL was a reflection of its time it was relatively easy to learn but as programs grew they became fearsomely incomprehensible which made more work for COBOL
129. l by themselves They can shade or fill an area such as a circle or box very quickly without computer over head 3 Automatic scaling These new plot ters can be told both the physical area on the paper for the plot and the scale to use For example an area of 4 inches by three inches can be sectioned off hard dip and then scaled to something like 1980 to 1984 in years maybe on one axis and 100 000 to 100 100 dollars on the other axis Some plotters will even gen erate frames grids and tick marks The plotter handles all overhead On my sys tem I had to write all of that software 4 Some plotters can change up to eight pens under computer control This allows different colors and line widths A more expensive option is the ability to change paper without human interven tion 5 Many plotters will return the pen position to the computer so you can use the plotter as a digitizer Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 6 Resolution varies from 200 steps inch to 1000 steps inch Compare that to any graphics terminal you have ever seen And remember that the plotter draws a continuous line with a pen There are no jaggies as there are on graphics terminals Not all plotters have all of these func tions and of course some will be better than others My opinion is that Hewlett Packard plotters win hands down They sell a very nice model with six pens for under 1300 Interfacing to a digital plotter
130. lass Z80 assem bler We use this assembler daily and we included its source Takes standard Zilog mnemonics LASM This is a more powerful version of the ASM assembler you received with the KayPro This will link multiple programs together at assembly time PRINTPRN This program makes it easy to print the listing files generated by the Crowe assembler KayPro Disk K11 Library amp Checkbook Programs CHECKS This hasbeen a very popular group of programs Categorizes checks so you can keep track which are tax deductible and which get charged to which projects Includes source and excellent example check files Very powerful LIBR This is a complete set of library routines which let you group files into a single file called a library Then CP M sees them as a single program but with the library routines you can list them out separately run them separately or divide them up again Almost like a unix environment DISPLAY VLIST PGLST Additional screet and print utilities KayPro Disk K12 FORTH Yep this is FORTH one of the most unique most extendable languages known and for a paltry 12 00 This disk contains not just one FORTH but two along with an editor decom piler and 8080 assembler The editor even uses the cursor control keys FORTH This is true fig FORTH KFORTH A very nicely extended version of fig FORTH PLUS all the rest of the FORTH goodies Forth Heaven KayPro Disk K13 Source of fig FORTH All th
131. ld B is mainly used in the procedure division where you will be writing the COBOL instructions Divisions All COBOL programs are made up of four main divisions The IDENTIFICA TION DIVISION appears first in the pro gram It identifies the program by name author and date the program was com piled The second division is the ENVIRON MENT DIVISION This division de scribes the computer being used and the hardware input output devices being used by this program The third division called the DATA DIVISION describes all the files record layouts and storage areas being used in the program The last division the PROCEDURE DIVISION contains all the program log ic for the task to be done by the program Figure 1 COBOL Example z COBOL Program Example Column numbers 14 24 34 Ny 12345678901234567 8901234567 8901234567890 0010 IDENTIFICATION DIVISION 0020 PROGRAM ID SAMPLE PROGRAM 0030 AUTHOR BILL BARNCORD 0040 DATE COMPILED 11 22 83 0050 ENVIRONMENT DIVISION 0060 CONFIGURATION SECTION 0070 SOURCE COMPUTER CP M 280 0080 OBJECT COMPUTER CP M Z80 0090 INPUT OUTPUT SECTION 0100 FILE CONTROL 0110 DATA DIVISION 0120 FILE SECTION 0130 WORKING STORAGE SECTION 0140 PROCEDURE DIVISION 0150 100 START PROGRAM 0160 DISPLAY I am a COBOL program 0170 STOP RUN 0180 END OF JOB In the example above notice that a di vision can contain sections Also all CO BOL division names sec
132. lds picture numerical nfields space 8 end default nfields default examination nfields examination end Listing continued next column 18 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 ST A NE ERE PINT GY ELI BT I EI FE TES I I TE I REGN VOU COMME TE DNA AD E I KR EON IE RE ITT US MU TE DEL TED IIE EEE LED function passes examination string 8 char var passes char passes f case examination of date begin it and the string variable input line at var month day integer the beginning of input4 Also we can month val left response field 2 JT day val mid response field 5 2 better handle printing the default values if month gt 0 and month lt 12 and day gt 0 and day lt 31 later in the program so we should take then begin those lines out as well epee t clear essage I found a much better way to add char end SESS acters to a character string so we should else begin initial message Incorrect date Must be mm dd yy initialize the character string response as x fleld y field 1 follows print default field i end response default end examination passes t 7 end Since we re removing the mask func endi passes tion we ll have to rewrite the cntl y op function right_justify anystring string 15 fieldwidthzinteger string tion chr 25 as shown in Figure 1 if len anystring lt fieldwidth then anystring f 3 space fieldwidth len anystring anystring else Finally
133. ll Audiocomp SWP MGs evo ote ect 29 Selectronics Slicer Computers Inc Southern College Computer Services Sven Erlandsson Swap File Full TC Controls Tom Woodrow TANISE DIG erras Rr rca 23 Unified Software Systems Widener Consulting Wilcox Enterprises Back Cover Writing Consultants BACK ISSUES 3 00 each US CAN MEX ISSUE NO 1 8 81 Power Supply RAM Protection Video Wiggle 4 PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 2 10 81 Parallel Print Driver Drive Motor Control Shugart Jumpers Program Storage Above PFM 1 PFM PRN 16 pages ISSUE NO 3 12 81 4 MHz Mods Configuring Modem 7 Safer Formatter Reverse Video Cursor FORTHvwords begins 16 pages ISSUE NO 4 2 82 Keyboard Translation More 4 MHz Mods Modems Lync and SIOs Undoing CP M ERASE Keyboard Encoder 20 pages ISSUE NO 5 4 82 Word Processing Two Great Spells Two Text Editors Double Density Review Scribble A Formatter 20 pages ISSUE NO 6 6 82 BB I EPROM Programmer Customize Your Chars Double Density Update Self Loading ROM Terminal in FORTH 24 pages 5 00 Other Foreign ISSUE NO 7 8 82 6 Reviews of C Adding 6K of RAM Viewing 50 Hz ISSUE NO 13 8 83 CP M Disk Directory each More 256K for BB I Mini Front Panel Cheap Fast Modem Nevada Cobol Review BB I Printer Interface KayPro Reverse Video Mod 44 pages On Your Own begins 24 pages ISSUE NO 8 1 Drive Maintenance
134. ls of the green and flag For one to four players DUCK is an offshoot of aliens pardon the pun Hunter tries to shoot down ducks while ducks try to bomb the hunter Much fairer than real life CASTLE is an adventure in which you select your attributes strength dexterity and intelli gence and you get to purchase arms and protec tion Great documentation and very interesting game KSTROKES is a keyboard translator similar to Smartkey Bill Forbes did an excellent job creating this program You can create and save translation files on disk The program even includes a table which generates WordStar commands from the Kaypro s keypad You can define 8 keystrokes at up to 63 characters each Kaypro Disk K25 em Z80 Macro Assembler This is a real Z8O macro assembler Syntax closely follows RMAC and MAC Also includes pseudo ops to support conditional assembly etc No phase or relocatable code Kaypro Disk K26 EPROM Programmer amp ew i Character Editor This is the software for the Kaypro EPROM programmer written up in Issue 18 This soft ware and the programmer turn your Kaypro into a very powerful development system You can read ROMs write ROMs save data on disk and restore data from disk Plus you get a character editor which will help you design custom character ROMs for the non graphic Kaypros Kaypro II Schematic Package This is a complete schematic of the Kaypro logically laid out on a single 24 x36
135. m access data files Er gil pore EightQueens in Algorithms Data Structures Programs by N e Full su pport of operating system Turbo Pascal is a trademark of Borland International MT is a trademark of MT facilities MicroSystems IBM is a trademark of International Business Machines And much more Turbo Pascal 49 95 5 00 My system is 8 bit____16 bit____ shipping per copy Operating system CP M 80 vit dancer oe febr CP M86 MSDOS PCDOS ORDER YOUR COPY OF TURBO 2 ru iCompuer Dikro ss PASCAL TODAY TO TAKE ADVANTAGE Exp date Shipped UPS Please be sure model number and format are correct t I L I I 1 I Li 1 i I OF OUR INTRODUCTORY SPECIAL For Visa and MasterCard orders call toll free I i 1 I I I I J T T B BORLAND Sale OOS cere O0 A 365 BD INTERNATIONAL CITY STATE ZIP IN CA 1 800 772 2666 X 968 E ae TELEPHONE lines open 24 hrs a day 7 days a week 4807 Scotts Valley Drive California residents add 61 2 sales tax Outside North America add FRAME ar Scotts Valley California 95066 15 00 Checks must be on a U S Bank and in U S dollars Sorry no Dealer amp Distributor Inquiries welcome Telex 172373 C O D B8 SBASIC Column by Jack Rodenhi Before I continue with input bas I need to correct some mistakes in the first installment of the program I suppose the biggest problem in writing a program on the installment plan is the failure to an
136. m companies like DEC who want UNIFORTH on their computers Please bear with me on the next couple of columns as I get caught up Vendor News The latest craze in the FORTH world is true machine code compilers As I men tioned in the February column there are many approaches to creating fast appli cations written in FORTH IEV Corporation Salt Lake City has introduced FAST FORTH a new 8080 CP M FORTH whose major claim to fame is direct machine code compilation The 185 product is currently available on 8 formats and produces Sieve times of 33 seconds on a 4MHz Z 80 about half of the 77 second FORTH speeds from other vendors FAST FORTH sounds nice and comes with such extensions as text file support 32 bit floating point and good string handling Nowhere in their brochure do they mention FORTH 79 83 compliance or full Z 80 support in the assembler As with all new FORTH systems I re serve my judgement until I have an actu al working copy in hand FAST FORTH appears on the surface to be a well con ceived product that deserves closer in spection Leaky Sieve The Sieve has been getting an inordi nate amount of press coverage these days The original article was published in the September 1981 issue of Byte list ing many timings for different process ors operating systems and languages Hobbyists really key on benchmarks _and the Sieve has probably been run on every computer in existence Don Col burn
137. mized especially for the Z80 processor CK C Listing continued ae set up and try to open checksum file ckname 0O drive if ckdat fopen ckname r NULL printf Can t find s will try to build checksum file Wn ckname cksum drive ckname it s there so let s check current disk against stored checksum else ekdrive ckdat drive fclose ckdat cksum make a checksum for each file on drive and exit cksun drive ckname char drive char ckname char files MAXFILES array of pointers to filenames char feb 40 file control block char wildfile 16 wildcard filename for dir scan char filename 20 current filename char t temporary filename pointer int i j k checksum FILE ckdat struct structure of dir entries char user as read from disk char name 8 char type 3 char extent char sys char extent2 char recent char indx 16 dirbuf 4 now reset drives set up a file control block to scan every active file on the disk bdos RESET 0 strepy wildfile 2727727272 222 wildfile O drive makfeb wildfile fcb set CP M s DMA pointer to the directory buffer and then look for the first file bdos SETDMA dirbuf isbdos SRCHNUFIRST fcb Store filename and pointer to filename then look for another till we run out of filenames i423 for jz0 i1 23 j sprintf filename 1c 18
138. n m iG MO mln ww ewes uJ uu i t DE E 7 q rae June 1984 TABLE OF CONTENTS EPROM Programmer for the Kaypro Digital Plotters A Graphic Description Lo Byte A Primer Sticky Kaypros Pascal Procedures SBASIC Column Kaypro Column 86 World FORTHwords Talking Serially to Your Parallel Printer Introduction to Business COBOL C ing Clearly Parallel Printing with the Xerox 820 Xerox 820 A New Double Density Monitor On Your Own Technical Tips THE ORIGINAL BIG BOARD OEM INDUSTRIAL BUSINESS SCIENTIFIC SINGLE BOARD COMPUTER KIT Z 80 CPU 64K RAM DO NOT CONFUSE WITH ANY OF OUR FLATTERING IMITATORS PARTIALLY ASSEMBLED KITS For All Sockets Installed And Soldered Add 50 Not For Blank PCB was licensed by Xerox Corp as the basis for their 820 computer run on the Blg Board without any modifications needed FULLY SOCKETED 64K RAM Uses industry standard 4116 RAM s All 64K is available to the user our VIDEO and EPROM sections do not make holes in system RAM Also very special care was taken in the RAM array PC layout to eliminate potential noise and glitches Z 80 CPU Running at 2 5 MHZ Handles all 4116 RAM refresh and supports Mode 2 INTERUPTS Fully buffered and runs 8080 software SERIAL I O OPTIONAL Full 2 channels using the 280 SIO andthe SMC 8116 Baud Rate Generator FULL RS232 For synchronous or asynchronous communication In synchronous mode the clocks can
139. n software firm has purchased two computer magazines as it begins its push into the U S software market One magazine covers business software the other Dr Dobbs is aimed at the technical market I talked to Michael Swain newly ap pointed editor in chief He is a long time Dr Dobbs reader who was hired away from Info World I enjoyed my visit with Mike and I really appreciate his desires to keep Dr Dobbs from going totally commercial But then he s not really sure what kinds of directives will come down from the brass at M amp T The magazine changed a lot while it was under the PCC s thumb and has al ready lost a lot of its original hacker audi ence though its circulation is 30 000 You see article submissions have dropped to almost nothing and they are even having trouble getting enough let ters to the editor That s quite a change from the days when Gary Kildall wrote a major treatise for Dr Dobbs entitled The History of CP M Gary wrote CP M so he should know A number of Micro C subscribers have commented that we remind them of the early Dr Dobbs And though I have only subscribed for a couple of years I have read Dr Dobbs avidly for many years Does that sound familiar In light of all this I was really struck when Michael introduced me to other Dr Dobbs staffers as the editor of Micro C the magazine that looks a lot like the ear ly Dr Dobbs Hopefully Micro C can avoid out growing its present nitc
140. nction Port of Call See Figure 1 for an example of how I use them in my CBIOS to control the printers and voice synthesizers on my system It is written for use with the CROWE assembler Note on Figure 1 that the line printer and the speech synthesizer both use the same ports I use the high nibble 4 bits of port B for the status bits and the low nibble of port B for the device address which is decoded with a 74154 4 to 16 line decoder Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 GET IN THE FAST LANE WITHOUT BURNING YOUR WALLET with a U S ROBOTICS 1200 BAUD MODEM Product Features Cash Price 1 4 S mix List Auto Dial 212A 1200 300 baud auto answer dial 425 405 599 Password Coat pocketable Auto Dial 212A 339 319 449 Password 300 300 baud version of Password 159 147 199 Telpac Modem Software from USR 969 959 79 Lamp CPM 80 Modem Software from Widener Consulting 20 Latest Technology Two Year Warranty All units are direct connect full or half duplex 1200 300 baud software compatible with the Hayes Smartmodems The Auto Dial has two RJ11C jacks analog selftest status LED s and a metal case Password has a smaller plastic case no Status LED s and a built in RS232 cable with choice of male or female connector Password 300 available soon 100 and IBMPC board modems also available Lamp is based on YAM from BBUD 49 NEW PRODUCTS FOR BB AND KAYPRO All those who have lus
141. nction out com pletely and remove the lines that refer to 1317 W College Lompoc CA 93436 Figure 1 New Control y Option chr 25 begin position max length while position gt 0 do begin while not in format set mid picture position 1 N and position gt 0 do position position 1 while in format_set mid picture position 1 and position gt 0 do begin 8 row col position print mid response position 1 position position 1 end d end end Remark Now add cntl c to leave the program ehr 03 begin done t halt tr end Note that the chr 03 is added to control_set for cntl c exit Figure 2 New Character String Function ch begin if numeric and position 1 then begin row cole print space len picture 1 response end if position lt len response then mid response position 1 ch else response response ch row col position print ch position position 1 end Figure 3 New SBASIC Procedures procedure clear_message 22 81 cursor oleareos end procedure message message string 80 cursor beep clear_message print message end procedure screen x y integer picture default string 80 examination string 8 nfields nfields 1 x nfields x y nfields y if in nd left picture 1 then begin picture nfields left 999999999999999 mid picture 3 2 numerical nfields picture end else begin picture nfie
142. nd 10 84 compatible ROMs coming soon P O Box 223 Bend OR 97709 503 382 8048 9 5 Pacific Time Monday Friday Micro Cornucopia On Your Own By David Thompson This column and the one which fol lows in issue 19 are for those of you who are going for the gusto you know what Woz and Jobs did with an Apple Your commitment both in time and money will be very significant and there is a very good chance of failure However if you make it you ll probably make very big First of all you need an idea a really dynamite idea But by itself the idea isn t worth much Turning the idea into a viable product and viable business is what we will be discussing A couple of things have happened in the past few days that triggered this col umn First I got a really incredible call I was really feeling pushed at the time soI told the caller that I only had a couple of minutes When the conversation ended I realized that we d been talking for aboutan liour You see the questions he asked and the ideas we discussed were very important for anyone planning to start their own computer related busi ness He will remain anonymous be cause the company he works for might claim ownership of the idea Second a book called Silicon Valley Fe ver by Everett Rogers and Judith Larsen 19 95 ISBN 0 465 07821 4 showed up at the office The book includes some very interesting chapters about high tech entrepreneurial firms in s
143. nd test procedures are thoroughly documented PAL code is not available We have modified XDRIVE a public domain RAM disk software package to run with the 820 256K By the end of the 2nd quarter we will have a CACHE BIOS melded with ZCPR that will give you nearly all the flexibility of CPM t at a fraction of the cost BARE BOARD amp DOCUMENTATION eere KIT W O RAM c e sse hene ete teeta sees erae seen 2 5 Mhz A amp T 250 NS RAM cece eee ee eh nnn 4 0 Mhz A amp T 150 nS RAM ccc ccc cece cee nnn NEW MONITOR ROM SOURCE amp XDRIVE SOFTWARE ps RRS ACCOMMUDATES Z80 Z80A OR Z80B Series Parts Dual RS232 Serial O W Current Loop Option on A Channel both strappable as terminal or modem in RS232 Mode 16 Programmable Baud Rates on each serial channel 32 Bits Buffered Parallel VO Assignable on 4 Bit Boundaries W Strappable Handshake Polarity 2xZBO PIO 4 Channels of Counter Timer 4 Inputs 3 Outputs Accommodates 16K Mix of Ram or Rom or EEPROM on 2K Boundaries in 2716 or 2016 or XICOR EEPROM 2 3 x 10 Sea of Holes Prototyping Area All VO Fully Mode Il Interrupt Compatible Watchdog Timer for Long Term Unattended Operation Rom monitor and source listing 535 TERMS MasterCard VISA add 3 money order certified check UPS cash COD Allow 2 wesks for personal or company checks to clear Shipping handling extra Texas order add S tax
144. ng into the specifics of down loading characters let s discuss how a dot matrix printer works 6245 Columbia Ave St Louis MO 63139 314 645 1596 Most newer matrix printers use a nine dot vertical print head As the print head moves across the paper each wire strikes the paper through the rib bon producing a visible dot The basic pattern of dots that makes up a character is usually 5 dots wide by 7 dots high Since there are nine wires in the print head there are two additional dots for descenders In order to improve the quality of print the matrix is usually expanded horizontally by allowing dots to be print ed at half dot spacing This expands the matrix to 9 wide by 7 high but because of Figure 1 Pascal Program to Download Custom Characters program make_char Written for Turbo Pascal Define a RECORD to contain the data necessary to define a down loadable character type dl_char record ascii code 33 126 descended boolean width 3 11 dot data array 1 11 of byte end var char dese dl char ch char filename string 15 chfile file of dl char procedure do grid See the text for more information must be a printable char min and max allowed by printer Print an 11 X 7 grid in the upper left corner of the screen As character data is entered it will be displayed in the grid const dashes fences var i integer ere ee meee
145. o wander through and meet the pros who generate all this prose or whatever You can even take a peek at Dana s stock Kaypro that is running 2 5 4 and 5 MHz one at a time a 15 Meg winchester plus a 191K a 784K and two 8 drives The machine s serial number is just over 5000 Touristing Don t forget about Sunday This should be the highlight for the whole family You ll get an insider s view of this incredible area Whether you are inter ested in natural phenomena rocks caves volcanos high alpine mountains or great lava floes this is the area You can join me for a wilderness treck or spend a more sedate day Either way I m sure you and your family will really enjoy yourselves So send in the order form or just call and say you are coming Either way we ll send you a map information on airlines buses motels and we ll mark down that you are planning to come Then we ll look forward to seeing you July 26 28 for SOG III PS If after looking at the information we send you you aren t sure which motel to pick I suggest that you try the Bend Riv erside tell them you are with the Micro C group Itis a very nice location espe cially the units right along the river Al so if there are a lot of folks staying in the same place then it s easier for those with cars and those without to share rides be tween the motel and the SOG site The best family camping is at Tumalo State Park hot showers and the wo
146. om whatever is assigned to the RDR and output to whatever is de Contents 00 01 10 11 fined as the PUN Loc 2015 0 1 CON TTY CRT BAT UC1 CRT Video terminal stands for 3 RDR TTY PTR URI UR2 Cathode Ray Tube 4 5 PUN TTY PTP UPI UP2 LPT A printer stands for Line 6 7 LST TTY CRT LPT UL1 3 PrinTer i Figure 1 Example I O Byte Listing GET I O BYTE 3 11000000B TO MASK UN NEEDED BITS WE RE JUST LOOKING AT LST BITS 6 7 CP 0 TEST FOR TTY DEVICE LSTOUT LD 4 3 AND OCOH JR Z DIABLO IF TTY GO TO DIABLO PRINTER ROUTINE CP 080H TEST FOR CRT DEVICE JR Z DATRYL GO TO DATAROYAL PRINT ROUTINE CP OCOH TEST FOR UL1 DEVICE JR Z SYNOUT GO TO SPEECH SYNTHISER OUTPUT RET LPT DEVICE IS NOT USED AT THIS TIME DIABLO LD A C MOVE CHAR FROM CP M CALL CALL SIOOUT CALL ROUTINE IN THE MONITOR LD A C MOVE THE CHAR AGAIN BECAUSE SIOOUT DOEST N ALWAYS RETURN CHAR CORRECTLY CP OAH TEST FOR LINE FEED RET NZ RETURN TO CALLING ROUTINE IF NOT LD A ETX LOAD THE ASCII END OF TEXT CHAR CALL SIOOUT SEND IT TO THE PRINTER CALL SIOIN WAIT FOR AN INPUT FROM THE PRINTER TO LET US KNOW THAT THE END OF TEXT WAS PROCESSED RET RETURN TO CALLING ROUTINE DATRYL LD A 0 LOAD THE DEVICE ADDRESS OUT OAH A SET THE DEVICE ADDRESS IN A OAH GET THE PRINTER STATUS CP 10H TEST FOR BUSY JR Z DATRYL LOOP UNTIL NOT BUSY LD A C MOVE CHAR FROM CP M CALL CP ODH TEST FOR RETURN RET Z SK
147. on sole or a punch Well with two bits you make four choices so when your pro gram outputs something to the console it calls CP M CP M then looks at bits 0 and 1 in the I O byte console output re member to see where to send the out put If instead you were outputting to the List device CP M would look at the con tents of bits 6 and 7 to find out where to send the data Now you may be wondering why Console doesn t just go to the console and List go to the printer and so forth Well this is CP M s attempt to redirect input and output In other words the I O byte makes it easy to send data that would normally go to the terminal con sole to a serial port punch or a printer List You don t have to rewrite your program you just change the appropri ate two bits in byte3 STAT COM on the system diskette lets you can change the two bits for each device The default is usually 00 binary TTY A Two bit Switch Remember you are only changing two bits to switch to a different option for the specific device The instructions on how to use the STAT COM program are in the CP M manual An Introduction to CP M Features and Facilities Believe it or not their explanation even makes sense l These are the options and changes that STAT displays and allows for each device 3242 Walden Ave 4 Depew NY 14043 Translation for humans CON Console BAT This selection makes the sys tem input fr
148. on The high voltage is generally continued next page PINS 18 20 21 SWITCHING HEADER ADDRESS CLOCK and RESET DISABLE and pou CONTROL VOLTAGE SWITCH COUNTER PULSE and PULSE ar Ed P Externa p HI LO VOLTAGE READ WRITE Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 EPROM PROGRAMMER FOR THE KAYPRO continued from page 5 required for programming and the low voltage for reading The following resistor values assume a 1 uFd capacitor and the LM555 being the timer chip Note that the pulsewidth with 330K is about 37ms which is below the 2716 minimum specification of 45 ms however no problems have been experi enced with these values A 2716 header is created by a Jumpering 1 to 16 b Jumpering 2 to 15 c Jumpering 4 to 14 d Adding a 330K resistor between pins 7 and 10 A 2732 header is created by a Jumpering 12 to 16 b Jumpering 4 to 15 c Jumpering 3 to 14 d Adding a 330K resistor between pins 7 and 10 A 52B13 2816 header is created by a Jumpering 2 to 16 b Jumpering 5 to 15 c Jumpering 12 to 14 d Adding a 100K resistor between pins 7 and 10 Program The program is menu driven with the following options supplied A Check that each PROM address contains FF Hex any address that does not contain FF is reported to the screen B Select 2716 2K UV EPROM type This is the default PROM type and this selection is only necessary when C or D has be
149. onnections for the new drives If you will be running four half power half wide drives TEAC for in stance inside your Kaypro you can sim ply add two34 pin data connectors they are available at Radio Shack to your present 34 conductor data cable and add two power connectors to the power sup ply built into the Kaypro Note that the TEAC data connectors are upside down from everyone else so your original cable will be short if you mix TEACs and other brands inside the Kaypro If you are using regular power or full width drives you ll need to pick up a drive cabinet with power supply and then put together a new longer data ca ble with four 34 pin connectors Two Circuit Corrections A few folks have called asking why the Monitor Select Circuit schematic and the text Issue 15 page 15 didn t exactly match Actually you can either follow the text or the schematic it will make no difference If you want them to agree just change the schematic so that U60 pin 15is connected to U80 pin 5 and U60 pin 14 is connected to U80 pin 4 A more significant correction is for the Plus 4 decoder circuit in Figure 2 Issue 17 page 18 U71 pin 6 should connect to the 7445 s pin 14 U71 pin 8 should connect to the 7445 s pin 15 Corrected Monitor Select Circuit 74 L 138 2732 PROB MONITOR Corrected Plus 4 Decoder Circuit Upgrading Legacy to Pro 8 We ve been getting a lot of Pro 8 or ders from people w
150. open the file if fdsopen filename 0 ERROR printf Open Error on s n filename return ERROR initialize checksum read file track by track to speed up i o and checksum entire track es 0 while n read fd buf BUFSIZE 0 amp amp nlz 1 for isbuf nesbuf i4Xn ie cs 1 close fd return cs ekdrive compare file checksums to ck dat and show them on console ckdrive ckdat drive char drive FILE ur ms char filename 20 nm 20 typ 20 int checksum fes puts nFilename t tChecksum tShould Be n read ck dat line by line format filename string and checksum file Then report findings to console while fscanf ckdat s s t x n nm typ amp checksum EOF sprintf filename c s s drive nm typ fes ckfile filename printf 16s t x t tsx t 2 fil ename checksum fes if checksum fces puts OK else puts CHECKSUMS NOT EQUAL END Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 BIG BOARD compas du A XEROX 820 O Get the parallel I O you need after you ve used up that one PIO on your computer The board also has a battery backed up clock calendar chip Interface that with a simple triac circuit and have your computer turn itself on and off Up to4 extra PIOS Lithium cell back 2 up for clock Easy assembly amp installation xStand by interrupt iE output from clock f Bare P CB 29 95 Complete kit 99 95 Assembled
151. ors You save a bundle on disks CAT2 This a group of programs which create and maintain a single directory of all the programs you have on all your disks Even keeps track of which programs are backed up and which aren t UNSPOOL COM Use your KayPro II and print files at the same time Doesn t slow down system response DUMPX DU 77 COMPARE SUPERSUB FORMFEED DIR DUMP and all have documentation on disk KayPro Disk K3 Games PACMAN COM Despite the KayPro s lack of graphics this one looks and plays amazingly like the real thing Keep it hidden ZCHESS COM Chess with a 1 6 level look ahead OTHELLO COM You learn it in minutes master it in years BIO COM Generates custom graphic biorhythm MM COM Master Mind WUMPUS COM Classic wumpus hunting KayPro Disk K4 Adventure This disk contains one 191K game Adventure ADV COM This is the latest greatest most cussed adventure ever devised by half mortals This is the 550 point version so the cave is greatly expanded and he creatures are much smarter KayPro Disk K5 MX 80 Graphics A complete MX 80 graphics package including example files KayPro Disk K6 Word Processing Utilities A powerful line oriented text editor that looks like Unix s EX plus a scad of text utilities written in C which handles pretty printing shortening a file multiple space output add tabs remove trailing whitespace and more Also includes ROFF COM a very neat text formatter
152. ou can do with TYPE ERA DIR and PIP UNSQ This is the latest greatest file unsqueezer Enter UNSQ and it will check every file on the disk All squeezed files will be unsqueezed 8 Users Disks 15 00 each OTHER GOODIES Screen Editor in Small C 39 00 A simple but full function screen text editor plus a text formatter all written in Small C by Edward Ream This package includes the editor and formatter COM files setup for the Big Board Small C itself and source code for all With the documentation this is over 400K on a flippy disk Edward is selling this package for 50 you can buy it from us for 39 and Ed gets a royalty Where else can you getan editor a formatter a C compiler and source for all for under 40 More ROMS Fast monitor ROMs for speed freaks and our famous better than Texas character ROM V2 3 for screen freaks Fast Monitor ROM BB1 29 95 Deluxe Character ROM BB1 or KayPro e rir Rr RUE UR Printer Interface for BBI I had a minor problem on the interface with the Radio Shack model VI and the model VIII printer s to the SWP parallel driver and PFM 3 3 with the users disks 9 CBIOS parallel driver I didn t want to change the software as it works with the Star 10 and 15 printers So here s a simple hardware solution It also solves the problem of different printer cables for single and double den sity operation they don t use t
153. ower of my printer I took a day off work to play with it Enclosed is my first effort I water col ored the one with the white background It looks pretty good Bill Walters 1100 H St NW 3rd Floor Washington DC 20080 Graphics Skill of Bill Walters and his Prowriter reer e a Dear Editor I want to modify the character genera tor and monitor ROMs of my KayPro II to support Portuguese characters Since you are involved in this area can you put me in contact with someone who can help me or point mein the right direction regarding technical literature etc Robert J Murray Associacao Brasileira De Entidades de Planejamento Familiar Av Pres Vargas 2 863 Cidade Nova 20210 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil Editor s note Kaypro Corp has a foreign language divi sion which is handling all the foreign charac ter sets and printer interfaces Contact Kay Pro 533 Stevens Ave Solana Beach CA 92075 Dear editor Real programmers don t write specs Users should consider themselves lucky to get any programs at all and should take what they get Real programmers don t comment their code If it was hard to write it should be hard to understand Real programmers don t write appli cation programs they program right down on the bare metal Application programming is for feebs who can t do system programming Real programmers don t eat quiche The eat Twinkies and Szechwan food Real programmers don t w
154. program mers and thus required more people to learn the language Newer languages like Pascal C and Mo dula II allow better program organization Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 EXPAND YOUR PRO TENTIAL e HARD DISK ADAPTOR Allows you to add megabytes of storage Easy to install Includes complete software and documentation 95 00 single unit quantity e CP M 3 0 BIOS UPGRADE Allows installation of CP M 3 0 giving you a faster more powerful system 50 00 single unit quantity e ALAN NETWORK local network for Kaypro computers OEM DEALER INGUIRIES WELCOME Quantity Discount Available Call to order or for information IF Die HUNTINGTON DATA SYSTEMS ALAN is a trademark of Huntington Data Systems Inc Solutions that work For you 307 SIXTH STREET HUNTINGTON BEACH CA 92648 714 960 7498 and when combined with newer program ming methods they make it possible for peo ple to write major programs as simple combi nations of basic blocks Certainly not all programs written in Pascal are maintainable nor are all programs written in BASIC or COBOL terrors But structured languages encourage structured maintainable code If you need to learn COBOL then this is a good way to learn it If you have your choice of languages in which to write a new business package then COBOL is no match for Turbo Pascal HIGHLAND MICROKIT KAYPRO SPEEDUP For 2 5 MHz Models SIMPLE INSTALLAT
155. put else ting number_strings in proper format m GE i for display as user feedback Automatic until field gt nfields or halt nfields 0 end continued next page End of SBASIC Listing Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 19 decimals are taken care of in the first if block Number formatting follows No tice that the number string goes through a number of changes in becom ing a normal looking number All of our prior routines are like sub contractors The general contractor that brings this all together into a cohesive unit is the procedure fetch First fetch blanks all the data input areas and prints any defaults The single step that makes the whole program work comes in the repeat until passes examination block The programmer can set whatever crite ria he wishes in the passes function and input will not be accepted until it meets that criteria Once the input is accepted a couple of things happen First if it is numeric it will be displayed correctly Second the variable s default will be set equal to the new input Thus if the operator comes back to this input via cntl e he will see his most recent response as ong as it was not numeric Figure 4 Checks bas include library cursor erase text 0 amp Jack Rodenhi CPA 1317 W College Ave Lompoc Ca 93436 Pay to the Order of Memo Code Finally the global variable nfields which is incremented in screen is reset to
156. raphics All prices f o b our plant PERKIN ELMER 310 Letter quality printer terminal Microprocessor controlled Tractor amp friction feed 40 cps 132 char buffer Excellent condition e Shipping wt 100 Ibs e 500 00 f o b our plant CABLES amp MISC e DB 25 m m m f f f 10 10 00 ea 3 25 00 e DB 25 m blank 5 5 00 ea 3 10 00 Muffin fans 4 3 00 ea 6 15 00 3 quiet fan steel frame 3 00 ea 6 15 00 16 pin I C sockets 70 per box 10 00 HAZELTINE 1500 Brand New e 12 inch P4 phos 24 x 80 characters All 128 ASCII codes 94 displayable characters Hi res characters using 7 x 10 dot matrix ANSI std keyboard w numeric keypad Dual intensity std amp reverse video Cursor addressing amp sensing EIA amp 20MA interface Auxiliary EIA output Baud rates to 19 2KB Remote editing commands Shipping wt 40 Ibs e 450 00 f o b our plant TELE DATA MODEM BRAND NEW e 300 Baud RS 232 Asynchronous Direct Connect Bell 103 compatible e Ans orginate switch selectable e Shipping wt 2 Ibs e 70 00 f o b our warehouse SWITCHING POWER SUPPLY NEW e 5V 4A 12V 5A 12V 75A 24V 5A 24V 5A 35V 75A 35V 75A e shipping wt 15 Ibs e 60 00 f o b our warehouse PANASONIC DIALERS e 60 Number capacity e Tone or Pulse Auto redial e Direct wire connect e Shipping wt 5 Ibs e 50 00 f 0 b our warehouse
157. rd for i 1 to 11 do char desc dot data i 0 Collect and display dot data for i 1 to char desc width do begin gotoxy 17 23 clreol For other compilers write chr clear to end of line or write a few spaces and repeat gotoxy write i 2 readln ehar desc dot data i display column data i end end Prompt with current column number Listing End proportional printing each character is printed in minimum horizontal space rather than ata fixed 6 dot width The i for instance is much narrower than an M so it is allocated only 4 horizontal dots Connect the Dots To program the printer for new dot patterns the data must be sent separate ly for each character The escape se quence used for this is ESC ctl Anin2mlm2 mll where n1 is the binary value of the print able character to be redefined n2 is an attribute byte bits 0 3 define the propor tional width 4 11 half dots and if bit 4 1 then it means it s a descended char Finally m1 m11 contain the binary dot data least significant bit top dot With this in mind the record structure in list ing 1 for a down load char is obvious The program as written allows only for entry of char data into a disk file It could be expanded so the user could cor rect errors or edit a previously created data file Also I leave the program to load the printer s RAM as an exercise Turbo News At the
158. re Case Fan Power Supply amp Cables Available For sw 1299 8 DRIVE SUB SYSTEM 459 NEW Mp un BB I f Includes 2 FDD 200 8 DSDD Drives Vertical Case and Power Supply 5 4 HALF HIGH DRIVES Multibus 1399 5 and 15 Megabyte Systems also Available Panasonic Drives SA 455 Compatible 40 Track 48TPI DSDD MULTIBUS BOARDS SBC 586 30 256K 5 A SEAGATE SBC 86 12 scsccsicesescessectexcvievescccarsocees 449 WINCHESTER DRIVES GBC 80 30 sevacinsseseisssuartieeniessiesatceiace 299 199 NEW SBC 80 20 men esteso nin 199 e TOM eene nennen nennen ennnnenn ied SBCs 1534 5 s eo cioe iacit sU rt 199 2 10M eere SBE SAA ie r nni ue 499 ST 419 15M sssssssssesesssseserrossssserroessssss BBC 1819 ee Dn AN TA 199 DISK DRIVE CABINETS SBC 1B ancian rnt aad eis 199 All are New Drives abe ns eerste aye 514 Dual High Case with Power Supply Vert or Horiz TI 512K ECC rnnt 9osocossetocoscesesescesecccoset 72 00 WINCHESTER CONTROLLER SBC 80 05 si ssssesssucsesecivevesssseavensdeces 8 Dual Full High Case with Power NAT 86 128 c ccsccilectoscascts 449 Supply Vert amp HOST BOARDS with 8087 eere 649 260 00 AMD 128K Ram Parity 199 NAT BLC 416 Eprom eere 99 5 Dual Full High Case
159. re needed the joy stick the connector and some wire I used some six conductor ribbon cable that I had lying around A couple of ma chine screws nuts and spacers are need ed if you wish to mount the connector inside the case as I eventually did Its easy to see the cursor key solder pads on the bottom of the keyboard printed circuit board Soldering in the connections was staightforward After surgery it was plug itin and try it out At first I left the ribbon cable loose and had the connector peeking out from the edge of the numeric pad But after it all worked as it should I spent some time carefully drilling and filing and mounted the connector inside the case Configuring the Kaypro II One nice feature of the Kaypro II is its ability to reconfigure the cursor control keys to suit the requirements of the ap plication software Different word proc essors may use different ASCII charac ters for cursor control for example The default cursor control characters for the Kaypro II are shown in figure 3 First I tried the joystick out with Per fect Writer Without any changes at all I was able to move the cursor around with joystick Ihave always had some trouble with linear arrangement of the cursor keys but now with the joystick direc tions mean something The usefulness of a joystick with a screen oriented word processor is how ever debatable For one thing one hand must be removed from the keys to use
160. ring the high speed performance of our popular SPEEDPRO 5 the SPEEDBRO 5RTC adds the fourth dimension to your computing capabilities TIME With its built in battery backed up clock calendar and powerful appointment tracking software the SPEEDPRO 5RTC makes your Kaypro work like no Kaypro has before TIMEPRO To compliment the clock calendar of the SPEEDPRO S5RTC Digital Dynamics has developed TIMEPRO a complete software system designed to exploit the capabilities of the clock calendar TIMEPRO includes SEE TIME which displays the time and date on the screen whenever your Kaypro is operating no matter what software you may be using APPT is Digital Dynamics powerful appointment management software containing features like Appointment scheduling and maintenance Automatic warning of impending appointments and perennial events Time in other places Message storage and retrieval and Many other uSeful capabilities TIMEPRO also includes source code in several popular computer programming languages for all of the clock calendar reading and setting routines so that you can easily incorporate time and date functions into your Own programs SPEED The SPEEDPRO 5RTC of course shares the performance heritage of its little brother the SPEEDPRO 5 Either one of our boards will give your computer nearly twice the standard processing performance Our SPEEDPROS soup up your Kaypro with a new Zilog Z80B hig
161. rite in CO BOL COBOL is for wimpy applications programmers Real programmers programs never work right the first time But if you throw them on the machine they can be patched into submission in only a few 30 hour debugging sessions Real programmers don t write in FOR TRAN FORTRAN is for pipe stress and crystallography freaks Real programmers never work 9 to 5 If jury HEHA any real programmers are around at 9am it s because they were up all night Real programmers don t write in BAS IC Actually no programmers write in BASIC after the age of 12 Real programmers don t write in PL I PL I is for programmers who can t de cide whether to write in COBOL or FOR TRAN Real programmers don t play tennis or any other sport that requires you to change clothes Mountain climbing is OK and real programmers wear their climbing boots to work in case a moun tain should suddenly spring up in the middle of the machine room Real programmers don t document Documentation is for dummies who can t read the listings or the object deck Real programmers don t write in Pas cal BLISS Ada or any of those commie pinko computer science languages Strong typing is for people with weak memories This is from the Boring Employees Computer Society Dan W Kingery Box 1406 Renton WA 98057 Dear Editor I have written new COS and SIN ex ternal functions for JRT PASCAL to re place current ones that crash
162. rks for about 10 per night It s best to arrive by noon to assure yourself a campsite There are no reservations The park is a couple of miles west of Bend on hiway 20 and is very close to the SOG site Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 45 Micro Cornucopia Kaypro Disk K2 Utilities KayPro Disk K1 Modem software This disk is absolutely priceless if you will be using a modem to communicate with bulletin boards other micros or mainframes MODEMPAT COM Menu selection of baud rate bits character stop bits amp parity for serial port MODEMT7 COM Very popular MODEM 7 configured for KayPro MODEM7 COM This is MODEM amp MODEMPAT combined you can communicate with anything KMDM795 COM Super version of MODEM7 set up for KayPro TERM MAC Commented disassembly of the TERM program you get with your KayPro so you can configure it for any interface SQ USQ COM Programs to squeeze and unsqueeze files for faster transfer KayPro Disk K2 Utilities Really oodles of spiffy little and big programs to help you get full use of your KayPro ZESOURCE COM A true Zilog format disassembler for 8080 and Z80 object COM ncm Now you can turn COM files into MAC iles UNERA COM Simply enter UNERA followed by the name of the file you just erased and presto the erased file is back A lifesaver FINDBD54 COM Checks an entire disk reports bad sectors and then creates a special file containing those sect
163. row high tech types ought to sneak up to Central Oregon and leave SF and LA and NY to the business types who aren t comfortable breathing anything they can t see 4 Haveachance to sitin on some very excellent technical discussions 5 Buy sell and trade computers and parts at the swap tables Now if you d all bring something to sell or trade it d be super Remember the SOG itself is free Tee Shirts You aren t going to believe the high quality super shirts we re having made These SOG III shirts will be available on ly to attendees Micro C columnists and SOG III speakers will get specially marked shirts free so they ll be visibly distinguished throughout the event not that they aren t pretty distinguished al ready The shirts will be 6 50 each if ordered and paid for by July 1 a limited number will be available during the SOG for 7 50 MICRO CORNUCOPIA SOG III Raft Trips We have just lined up space for an ad ditional 56 people on the all day raft trip for an 84 person total so we should have plenty of room for everyone who wants to go all day On the 212 hour trips we re set up to handle 28 people per hour so there won t be a problem finding space for ev eryone However we ve promised to give the guides all day and 272 hour a firm countof the participants on July 1 so we really need to have your reservations in for the trips and dinners in by that date I m going rafting again thi
164. rts and one centronics printer port That s it Plus one of the serial ports is dedicated to the terminal So you get one bidirectional serial port and one unidirectional parallel port to talk to the outside world There is no ex pansion bus Features The system can read write and for mat just about any disk type you want and the disk I O is faster than anything else I ve seen It is a very sweet solid little system Price is also a plus In single quantities it is competitive with anything that isn t surplus and with a few that are and in larger quantities it is an even better deal This might be a good system for a group purchase System Details They included a CTC timer a Z80 DART an asynchronous only version of the Z80 SIO The monitor ROM is a 350ns 2732A The Z80 is running at 4 MHz General Purpose Technical Answers As a technical journal we have been forced to come up with some general purpose answers original answers es pecially correct ones really tax the old noggin You too may be faced with the need for this type of answer since this way you can computerize your re sponses A numbered list of answers and a random number generator are all you need Many of these answers are really in side jokes We ve found that this type of answer is particularly effective at stifling recurrent questions however to stifle the most persistent questioners see Counter Questions below 1 Plugging
165. s long The 77 tells the compiler that these are single data elements The PIC is shortened version of the COBOL reserve word PICTURE which is used in the DATA DIVISION to help describe data formats The 9 following PIC means that the data item is to display numeric data only and the 4 and 5 used in our example gives the length of the data item being described At sequence number 161 add the fol lowing logic to the PROCEDURE DIVI SION 0161 DISPLAY ENTER FIRST NUMBER 0162 ACCEPT FIRST NUM 0163 DISPLAY ENTER SECOND NUMBER 0164 ACCEPT SECOND NUM 0165 DISPLAY 1ST 2TH 0166 ADD FIRST NUM TO SECOND NUM 0167 GIVING ANSWER 0168 DISPLAY ANSWER NO The COBOL verb ACCEPT allows you to input data from the keyboard of your computer into a data item in the DATA DIVISION of the program We have done our first addition in the program adding FIRST NUM data item to SECOND NUM data item and storing the results in the data item called AN SWER We could now change sequence number lines 0166 and 0167 to the fol lowing to do subtraction 0166 SUBTRACT FIRST NUM FROM 0167 SECOND NUM GIVING ANSWER To multiply make the following change to 0166 and 0167 0166 MULTIPLY FIRST NUM BY SECOND NUM 0167 GIVING ANSWER To divide make the following changes to 0166 and 0167 0166 DIVIDE FIRST NUM INTO SECOND NUM 0167 GIVING ANSWER 34 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Wel
166. s a structured version of MATHI which along with the docu mentation gives you a good idea what structured programming is all about SCREEN XLATE DRIVER These are utilities writtenin SBASIC These are very useful for both the new and the ex perienced SBASIC programmer The documentation for SCREEN is very thor ough SCROLL This is theicing on this disk This program replaces your CP M TYPE command and is a favorite in the office It lets you scroll forward scroll backward page forward page backward print search for characters and more Plus it s only a 1K program It s a faster and easier way to check out text files than your text editor Kaypro Disk K22 ZCPR Again This disk is filled with ZCPR files You get ZCPR for the Kaypro II Kaypro 4 and the Kaypro 10 This version is fixed so that you can pass control characters such as cntl P to the system and you can choose to have it recognize the semi colon for drive select as well as the co lon So you can enter B or B to se lect drive B Super neat ZCPR for those of you who don t know makes CP M a lot friendlier It searches drive A for any COM file it doesn t find on the current drive the TYPE command scrolls text 24 lines at a time and a new LIST command outputs a file to the printer Kaypro Disk K23 Fast Terminal Software amp New BYE This disk contains interrupt driven terminal programs for all Kaypros If you are tired of being lim
167. s year that was me in the front left corner of the raft Issue 13 page 39 no hat I ll probably have to settle for the 215 trip again be cause I ll be busy seeing to all those last minute details that Murphy scatters here and there but if I get even a quarter of a chance I ll go for the all day Technically Speaking We ve got some very special people lined up already We have firm commit ments from Ezra Shapiro west coast edi tor for Byte He will be talking about new directions he is seeing in the micro world and about writing articles for Byte Hampton Miller expects to be back Last year he gave a very interesting and very well attended talk on the trials and tribulations of being On your own I just got a note from Phillippe Kahn president of Borland International He hopes to be here on Saturday July 28 to talk about how they put together Turbo Pascal Plus he is planning to bring a beta test version of their new Modula II Trevor Marshall will be here of course His talk last year on Bulletin Boards hard disks and more was most interesting This year he is bringing one of his bulletin boards systems to the SOG You ll all get a chance to meet Trevor and to act as Sysops at the SOG site The number at the site will be 503 382 SOG3 In fact we re planning to put a permanent bulletin board on that number here at the office The Micro C office will be open all four days also You ll get a chance t
168. se and file you re checking Then SpellSys takes over Everything is self prompting so sit back and relax Word Review Operations Show Context in file Lookup word in dictionary Misspelled correct file to putin user Dictionary Ignore Next word Previous word Exit review or any other key displays menu ORDER AT NO RISK Check out the manual and if you don t agree that SpellSys is a super bargain just return the package with the disk un opened within 30 days and we ll refund your money SPELLSYS 29 95 ppd in US amp Can Other Foreign add 5 00 Requires 32K CP M Formats 8 SS SD or 5 SS DD for KayPro Xerox Osborne Morrow Superbrain CP M is a trademark of Digital Research P O Box 65 Bend OR 97709 MC 503 382 8048 Visa Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 HAZELTINE 1410 Brand New 24 x 80 characters e 5 x 7 dot matrix block cursor 64 displayable ASCII characters White on black background 2048 x 8 Random Access Memory EIA RS232C at 110 300 600 1200 1800 2400 4800 or 9600 baud switch selected Odd Even OneorZero switch selected Half duplex or full duplex switch selected e 15 wide 13 high 20 deep 28 Ibs Fully addressable cursor e 300 00 f o b our warehouse SHUGART 8 DISK DRIVE e SS DD Model 800 2 Requires 115VAC 24VDA 5VDC 5VDC 140 00 new Shipping wt 16 Ibs All prices f o b our warehouse MFE
169. sheet no more searching to see where a signal goes or comes from Even the unused gates are shown It s drawn in positive logic lines are labeled and we ve tossed in hours and hours of careful checking for accuracy Then we added a Theory of Operation that s keyed to the schematic 2000 ROMs from Micro Cornucopia There are two ROMs in each Kaypro a monitor ROM anda character ROM The Monitor ROM supplies information for the Z80 processor on such things as how to get information from the disk drives and which character to use as a cursor The character ROM works entirely in the video circuit and it determines what the characters look like on the screen for instance does the f have a high small cross bar or a lower longer one of the Micro C character ROM When you speed up your Kaypro you are speeding up the processor clock so you have to use a monitor ROM that will also run at the higher speed You are not changing the video clock when you speed up the Kaypro so you don t need to change the character ROM unless you want the nicer looking character set Since the monitor ROM tells the processor how to do disk accesses you are going to have to change that ROM in order to upgrade to larger drives Pro Monitor II for Kaypro II 1 This ROM is a fast part so you can run 4 or 5 MHz with your Kaypro II 2 It gives you a non blinking block cursor much less irritating though you can specify a standard blinking underlin
170. showed in the September 1983 is sue of Dr Dobb s Journal that the FORTH implementation of the Sieve given in the BYTE article is 33 slower than an optimum coding and in addi tion coding the innermost loop of the Sieve in machine language could save another 5096 In other words which ver sion of the Sieve are the vendors quoting in their ads Should this be the accepted standard of speed since with minor tweaking you can increase the speed of any application Use the advertised fig ures with care folks Hewlett Packard has introduced the HP 71B handheld computer While nor mally programmable in BASIC the HP 71B has an optional ROM pack that per mits programming in assembly language and in FORTH The HP 71B costs less than 550 National Semiconductor is advertising their MA2301 Macrocomponent a FORTH module for the MA2000 Family computer 8080 Z80 based The chip contains a FORTH 79 system with line editor l User s Column Menus FORTH is designed for direct user in teraction You pass arguments on the da ta stack and you make the word names descriptive so that it is easy to remember the name of a particular function Usual ly you know what the arguments are but at times it would be helpful to have prompts For example a disk copy utility might allow you to copy the entire disk just CP M system tracks or even a sequence of files To me it is often helpful to in 7415 Leahy Road New Carrollton MD 20784
171. side CP M by Cortesi I believe a much better book is The Programmer s CP M Hand book by Andy John Laird published by Osborne McGraw Hill Ihave both of these and feel there is no comparison Of course Andy s book is only for CP M 80 and assumes you have the normal CP M manuals and some ex perience Randal W Dickinson US Army Engineer Division Europe APO NY 09757 Fix suggested in Issue 16 I spoke with Ashton Tate while in Los Angeles they suggested the following fix which does work SAVE TO TEMPMEMO CLEAR USE DELETE FILE B NEWWEEK RESTORE FROM TEMPMEMO New Fix Insert the following after the last ENDDO SELECT PRIMARY USE DELETE FILE B NEWWEEK Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 57 EE CALL WREN E N DISK S EEEEEREEEEEN Dysan Verbatim 5 SSDD 3 40 5 SSDD 2 70 5 DSDD 4 45 5 DSDD 3 75 5 SS4D 4 85 5 SS4D 3 50 5 DS4D 5 40 5 DS4D 4 75 8 SSSD 3 85 8 SSSD 3 10 8 SSDD 4 85 8 SSDD 3 40 8 DSDD 5 40 8 DSDD 3 80 Disk Mailers 10 for 5 00 100 for 40 00 MES PRINTERS an OKI 82A S amp P 85Carr 120 CPS 325 83A S amp P 13 6 Carr 120 CPS F 84 P P 13 6 Carr 200CPS 975 84 S S 13 6 Carr 200 CPS 1065 92 P P 8 5 Carr 160 CPS 440 92 S S 8 5 Carr 160 CPS 530 93 P P 13 2 Carr 160 CPS 715 93 S S 13 2 Carr 160 CPS 900 2350 P 13 6 Carr 350 CPS 1975 2350 S 13 6 Carr 350 CPS 2025 Tandon 848 1 8 OD 325 Tandon 848 2 8 DSDD 375 Tandon 100 1 5 SSDD 175 Tandon 100 2
172. some design software and here I am A Cheap Plot The plotter that I bought is a Mauro Engineering model MT 350 which cost 800 With it I can create color pictures camera ready printed circuit artwork on mylar schematics and even text on pa per up to 11 inches by 17 inches The plotter paid for itself fairly quickly What an excuse to buy a toy The interface that the plotter uses is a parallel 8 bit bus from the BB port 2 Each line actually controls a stepper mo tor controlline Iuse a machine language driver which does nothing but draw straight lines with a resolution of 200 steps inch With that kind of resolution I could put a whole screen of an APPLE or IBM in an area of about two inches square The Plot Quickens Digital plotters have come a long wa since those early days when I was repair ing test equipment Costs have come down a lot I know of a least three high quality digital plotters which list for un der 800 Radio Shack has a miniature four pen model for about 249 They are much more intelligent than my plotter ROMPAK BOARD DEGG BY G GHIPLEY 781 West 2300 North Provo UT 84604 Some of the functions available on to day s plotters are 1 Text generation in several fonts and sizes Text can be printed upside down vertically and at almost any angle Some models can even act as the LST device for CP M 2 Circle and polygon functions These plotters accept commands and generate shapes al
173. stem in particular The system is up 24 hours a day at 617 965 7259 phone will be busy when we are using the machine and answers au tomatically at either 300 or 1200 baud However the modem is not very happy with our local phone system and pro duces a weak carrier that sometimes causes problems at 1200 baud Thelogon password is BIGBOARD which I hope readers of Micro C can remember without too much trouble We have three Shugart 800 drives that with the excellent double density mod from SWP give us a little over 2MB of space The software includes the ZCPR2 system with the menu front end and the MINICBBS bulletin board program We already have some software spe cifically for the Kaypro and would love to provide more support for the BB Kay pro Xerox family of machines We would welcome any contributions Jay P Sage 1435 Centre Street Newton Centre MA 02159 Dear Editor I modified my Kaypro II to access all 4k of a 2732A in anticipation of bigger and greater things I did the chip select de coding a bit different from the method described in your December issue I sim ply bent up pin 1 of U60 and jumpered it to pin 8 ground This changes U60 to a 1 of 4 decoder using outputs 0 2 4 and 6 which decode on 4k boundaries The CRTCE isn t affected since outputs 6 and 7 are ORed together any way This meth od eliminates the need to add in an extra gate and the accompanying jumpers Greg DeHoogh 15711 Williams St
174. t blink Plus you can change the cursor at will 5 You get a disk which contains a new copy routine for copying and formatting 784K disks and a drive diagnostic routine for checking out the quad density drives 6 You get complete printed instructions for installation of ROM and drives takes 10 to 15 minutes including drives 7 The installation requires no cuts or jumpers everything simply plugs into a Kaypro 4 If you have a Kaypro Il see the modification article in Micro C issue 15 to turn your II into a 4 Pro Character ROM for Kaypro Il and 4 The character ROM gives you a nicer looking character set Kaypros have come with two different character ROMs the early character ROMs had a rotten g y q f and t as well as commas and semi colons that were hard to tell from periods and colons On the newer systems manufactured since Sept 83 half of the characters notably the g have been improved but they haven t gone all the way Also many of the older character ROMs were poor quality parts so they generated snow as information scrolled up the screen This white flecky snow disappears when you install a Pro Character ROM The character ROM comes in two flavors 1 The standard Greek Pro Character has the nicer character set plus the standard Kaypro Greek characters 2 The Clean Pro Character has the nicer character set but no Greek characters This isthe ROM for people who get strange Greek characters on the screen when int
175. ta is stored in main arge argv int argc char argv char drive FILE ckdat puts nck a file checking program puts Version 1 0 Copyright c 1984 by L A Software if no argument default drive is A if arge 2 drive A else drives argv 1 make sure it s a legal drive if drive lt ta drive gt P printf c s drive ERR jer continued 36 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Possible Problems The program works as is for CP M 2 2 systems but moving it to 3 0 or other in carnations of CP M may cause problems due to the use of BDOS calls to get the directory from the disk The program should be portable to any C compiler that has a moderately complete runtime library If you have problems compiling it it may be that you do not have the func tions bdos fprintf sprintf or fs canf in your library No longs or floats are used and the compiled version takes about 10k of disk space using the Q C compiler Speaking of Q C the folks at the Code Works have been busy upgrading Q C to the point now where it does everything standard C does except floating point and double precision math They also have their own M80 compatible assem bler linker so for about 160 bucks you can get a C compiler assembler and linker that s fast and compact The code it produces is fast and compact too Be sure you ask for the Z80 version it pro duces code opti
176. ted after several add ons for the Big Board I but been discouraged by the shortage of parallel ports take notice Now you can run all the add ons at once with the Parallel Port Expander 189 assembled 59 board instructions eight I O ports compatible with Big Board I amp II and Kaypro II amp IV operate 2 parallel printers rom burner hard disk and Dynadisk and if you are a real hog parallel four expanders for 32 ports bios with three printer drivers 1 serial selected by IOBYTE installation instructions for all mentioned devices included adapt Big Board add ons to the Kaypro THE ULTIMATE 255 CONTINUOUS CHARACTER AND REVERSE VIDEO CURSOR BIG BOARD I AND KAYPRO II IV MOD Now you can have a significant increase in the writing power of your system with the ability to key in display edit and print 212 characters including continuous line graphics Other features are blinking or constant reverse video cursor character sets to match NEC 8023 and C Itoh Prowriter key labels reverse video fields install program for Perfect Writer a growing library of software and improvements in the monitor rom The mod comes assembled and tested and requires about 45 minutes to install Software included to define custom characters and down load them to printers Coming features include graphics software circuit board layout tools and prototyping services and H19 and IBMPC emulation NEC Extended character set C Itoh has same set just re
177. ter plug in boards which do change the ROM must also change CAS and MUX signals or many ma chines will not run dependably The CAS and MUX change U66 is the one which we published with our speed up in issue 12 Bad Boards If you aren t comfortable doing the speed up we published in issue 12 then try to locate a local CP M users group Kaypro group or technician to help you with it Most people are very surprised when they look at a friend s modded system The actual amount of wiring is very small You just have to do it carefully If you don thave access to knowledga ble help then you are probably in the market for a speed up board Please don t call us if you get an add on board and it doesn t work The manu facturer or store should be responsible enough to get you going or give you your money back Companies have to be willing to sup port their products If you run into someone who isn t willing to do that send us a short letter to the editor Every company is going to produce a few things that don t work we certainly have but any company that isn t willing orable to supportits products especially hundred dollar packages definitely needs a little special publicity Stuck Up We ve gotten a number of calls and let ters from people who are trying to do the 5 MHz speedup but have found that U66 and U86 are soldered in place rather than socketed Well you can still do the5 MHz speed up it s just going
178. the other non Roman alphabets The Delta series can also proportional ly print these custom characters With integer As each byte of dot data is entered display it in the grid on screen so that we have some idea of what the character will look like var x y temp begin x z col 2 temp s char desc dot data col integer highvideo copy dot byte to local variable For another compiler you can omit this statement or write a small procedure to write the control Sequence for high intensity to the terminal for y 1 to 7 do begin if odd temp then begin gotoxy x y 2 write t end temp temp div 2 end lowvideo end procedure get_char_data var i integer begin gotoxy 13 17 readln ch char_desc ascii_code ord ch gotoxy 13 19 readln char desc width gotoxy 12 21 readln ch char desc descended if upcase ch Y then char desc descended false upease is equivalent to if ch in at z then ch t true Only the 7 low order bits are significant Low order bit 1 Position to proper place in grid Indicate a print dot Shift next bit into low order position Omit or write procedure as above Down loaded chars replace normal printable chars Get Y N input for descended flag Assume non descended chr ord ch 32 Clear dot data bytes in assembly reco
179. these days is fairly simple The common inter faces are RS 232 GPIB has anyone ever made a GPIB interface for the BIG BOARD and Centronics parallel If you can talk to a printer you can talk to a plotter Plotting Along Communication with a plotter is also fairly simple Most plotters these days communicate via ASCII text Com mands are in English and are descrip tive Examples are PEN 1 SCALE FILL DRAW BOX and CIRCLE If you want to draw a circle with a radi us of 200 units according to the current scale at location 500 a typical command would be CIRCLE 500 200 Another command could shade in the circle in a different color Figure 2 Sample Plotted Design Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 The first sample plot which I have in cluded is one side of a ROM PC board which I designed using 2732s The sec ond plot is something I did with BASIC In summary a digital plotter makes an excellent addition to a home or business as a tool for creating effective data pre sentations It is easy to interface to your computer has powerful features built in and can be downright fun We now have MORROW 5 USERS DISKS Ask for a catalog Micro Cornucopia Digital Dynamics SPEEDPRO 5RTC It s time for your Kaypro Be the master of your time by equipping your Kaypro II or 4 with our SPEEDPRO SRTC accessory board and TIMEPRO software Offe
180. those of you interested in a similar interface I suggest you consult Dr Dobbs Journal 82 Aug 83 Serial to Parallel A Flexible Utility Box Happy Printing mum Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 33 Introduction to Business COBOL By William W Barncord This is an article to help would be business programmers learn what the COBOL language is all about COBOL comes in various versions the two in use today are COBOL 68 and CO BOL 74 We will use examples of pro grams written to compile and run using Nevada COBOL under CP M The Nevada COBOL version is avail able for under 40 from Ellis Computing 3917 Noriega Street San Francisco CA 94122 Structure Every COBOL program consists of source program lines beginning with a sequence number These numbers are usually in the first six positions of the line cols 1 6 but Nevada COBOL uses on ly the first four positions The sequence number is only used for reference by the programmer The position after the sequence num ber is the indicator area col 7 which is used to tell the compiler that this is a comment line of the top of a listing page The next field contains four positions and is called field A All program divi sions sections paragraph names and other non procedure division items start in this field The following field B is normally positions 12 thru 72 but on Nevada CO BOL it is positions 10 thru 70 Fie
181. ticipate future requirements Still the program is experimental and as such you should feel free to experi ment along with me I look forward to receiving letters asking me why I have done something the hard way If you see a better way to do something write and let me know BASIC Revisions Following are several insertions and a few changes to the program in issue 17 Add halt to the global char def at the beginning like this var ch control halt char And add these additional variable definitions to the global variable declarations var field nfields integer dim integer x 25 y 25 dim string 80 picture 25 default 25 response 25 dim string 8 examination 25 numerical 25 Add chr 03 to control_set like this control set chr 13 chr 05 chr 24 chr 25 chr 08 chr 04 chr 03 Initialize the following under the other global variable definitions nfields 0 halt f BASIC Boo boos Now for the mistakes I did not antici pate that numeric variables would re quire entirely different handling and made no allowances for them in input4 We should have added another parame ter to input4 s parameter list like this function input4 row col byte picture default string 80 numeric char string Mask was a fine idea but it is just too slow We can get around it by specifying a complete default whenever we really need fixed characters in our input So let s take the mask fu
182. tion names and other COBOL statements normally end with a period This program s algorithm is contained in the PROCEDURE DIVISION The COBOL verb DISPLAY sends the mes sage in quotes to the video display The next statement in this program is the COBOL verb STOP RUN This ends execution There must be a paragraph name fol lowing the PROCEDURE DIVISION statement In this example 100 START PROGRAM is the paragraph name The last statement in the procedure division of our example is a paragraph name also END OF JOB tells the compiler that there aren t any more source lines to compile in this program The FILE CONTROL area of the IN PUT OUTPUT SECTION in the ENVI RONMENT DIVISION assigns hard ware such as printer and disk to the files which are used in the program The FILE SECTION in the DATA DIVISION describes the record layouts of the files The WORKING STORAGE SECTION in the DATA DIVISION declares and de scribes the size and type of all working data areas Let s add some additional COBOL statements to our sample program First we are going to add some data items to 2910 Furneaux Lane Carrollton TX 75007 WORKING STORAGE at sequence number 0131 as follows 0131 77 FIRST NUM PIC 9 4 0132 77 SECOND NUM PIC 9 4 0133 77 ANSWER PIC 9 5 We have just created three areas for storing data while the program is execut ing Two of the data items are four digits long and the third data item is five digit
183. ttings via keypad commands An in troduction to automation Schematics parts list X Y grid wiring lists and soft ware monitor in ROM 85 00 Source and docon 8 SSSD disk for further soft ware customizing via your 64K CP M computer 65 00 Do it yourself USA and Canada money orders in US funds only Manitoba residents add 6 percent tax Controller PO Box 3775 Stn B Win nipeg Manitoba Canada R2W 3R6 Dyna Disk Battery Backup Complete plans that allow Dyna to laugh at part time power 5 Also use Dyna disk with Otto Hiller s double density Dyna disk adds more power per dollar than any other mod Send me your Dyna disk software to be modified and returned 15 NC residents add 4 5 percent sales tax Time Machines Ltd 8521 Bald Eagle Lane Wilmington NC 28405 Wanted to trade 5 25 disk with CP M 86 CBASIC and all utilities for 8 with Mi crosoft assembler Linker BASIC ETC For BBI Contact T Henry 4128 Pickfair Springfield Il 62703 Full size photo copy of bare Big Board I both sides Invaluable for finding traces under ICs Send 1 00 to Carl Jones 459 Alexandra Way Grass Valley CA 95945 dBASE II Consulting Service Los Angeles area Give us a call we may be able to help you solve your dBASE II problems Call 213 375 6391 Ralph Freshour consultant Public Domain UG Software Rental CP M UG Vol 1 92 on 46 8 Flippies 45 00 SIG M UG Vol 1 170 on 85 8 Flippies 85 00 PICONET Vol 1 3
184. ugh to make a business viable The product may have missed its window for instance JRT Mo dula II is probably not a viable product now that Borland is reported to be com ing out with a true compiled version of the language for less money Even if the product is viable and you get it out the door there is always a chance that simple incompetent busi ness practices will kill it But then you hired a top notch business manager Right Of course if the venture fails it s usu ally a relief to go back to the 9 5 routine You won t have to carry pictures of the kids and you ll find that your wife will start recognizing your name again But don t worry this life of easeis usu ally not permanent You ll get another shotatthe brass ring and the temptation will be too much Sandy and I tried a dozen different things before starting Micro C Micro C is definitely our brass ring Next issue More gory details on the startup Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 49 Y ALL COME continued from page 1 We ve got two now and they are a really fun way to put together a small custom system Limitations The system is limited to four 5 drives They used the new 1770 floppy control ler chip and it is small 28 pins and it s dedicated to 5 only However it will do double sided and quad density so you can do practically anything you want with minifloppies Ports are another limitation There are two serial po
185. ure Modification to the double density system requires not only understanding the source code but also where in mem ory inside DDSYSGEN COM to install the changes so that changes can be made on the system tracks It was difficult to figure out how sys tem track sector DDSYSGEN memory location and actual operational loca tions correlated so pass along the infor mation in Figure 2 Source code Since the SWP Double Density sys tem is copyrighted I cannot just provide the modified source code to everyone Never mind that the software is useless without the hardware and the cost of the double density system is low enough to preclude building your own I will send what I have disassembled to owners who send a proof of purchase receipt from SWP and 15 00 files included are BIOS not fully documented DD SYSGEN and DDINIT The source code that can be supplied to the general public will be available on Micro C user disk B22 Source programs included on this disk are ZCPRX MAC Warrenton OR 97146 503 861 1765 ZCPR enhanced with additional com mands specific to the 820 NEWMON MAC a completely reworked monitor and SIGNON MAC a new signon to re mind users to set the date and time The disk also contains object code versions of these files so M80 and L80 are not neces sary Since the disk from Micro C contains all of the documentation necessary to in stall ZCPRX SIGNON and NEWMON I will not
186. vent the operator from applying the power incor rectly a PROM costs about 4 the pro tection circuit shouldn t cost too much more for THIS type of programmer Al so there is no protection against insert ing a ROM backwards Either error will destroy the ROM Schematic Figure 2 is the schematic Note that power to the ICs is not shown and that 01 uFd capacitors should be used across the power pins The circuit is based on the parts I had on hand The external programming voltage can be any adjustable supply with a range of 20 to 27 volts that is capable of delivering at least 50 milliamps A TL431 works fine The four transistors I used came from the parts box Q1 and Q2 were un marked NPN s in a TO 5 can Q3 and Q4 were 2N1490 s because they were on hand and the TO 5s were failing U1 to U3 are 7493 s and U4 is a LM555 Addi tional components needed 1 24 pin Zero Insertion Force Socket 2 40 pin ZIFS if the Kaypro Connec tion is used figure 3 1 switch 1 Light Emitting Diode in the color of your choice 3 bypass capacitors 01 uFd atleast 1 for the 7493 s PROM and LM555 16 pin headers depends how many PROM varieties being pro grammed Miscellaneous support items such as a board wire soldering iron burn oint ment etc Construction The programmer requires two parallel I O ports and the simplest way to obtain access to them is to use the general pur pose PIO U54 socket To a
187. wing the Figure 1 Big Board I Floppy Delay Circuit 1771 FLOPPY CONTROLLER 1013 W 210th Torrance CA 90502 step rate reduced the errors somewhat but it is not the real cure People notice the problem particularly when they go to double density both because the step rate is higher 6 ms urs 10 ms for single density and especially be cause as Mitch mentions the controller s built in head load delay is shorter in double density because of the higher clock rate There are four step rates available on the controller for 8 inch drives 3 6 10 and 15 milliseconds the double density Figure 2 Xerox Memory Locations with SWP DDSYSGEN CP20 TRACK SECTOR S CP M locn 0 1 0080 00FF 2 E980 E9FF 3 15 EAO00 EFFF 16 26 unused 1 1 4 F000 FTFF 5 F800 F87F F87F F9FF 6 9 D400 DBFF 10 16 DCOO E9FF NOTE DDSYSGEN locn Name 1900 197F Cold Boot Loader I 1980 19FF Cold Boot Loader II 1A00 1FFF Dual Density BIOS 2000 25FF lt unused gt 2600 2DFF Monitor 2E00 2ET7F Printer Module 2E80 2FFF Signon message 3000 3TFF CCP ZCPR 3800 45FF BDOS Track 0 is standard single density 128 bytes sector with 26 sectors per track Track 1 is dual density at 512 bytes sector with 16 sectors per track Tracks 2 76 are user specified density 42 Micro Cornucopia Number 18 June 1984 Quantity Onc The world s simplest and least expensive single board computer e Mini floppy controller The Little Board
188. with their system I m wondering if you have had any feedback relating to their software and the speed up you ve out lined in your column I would like to do the 5 MHz but would hate to lose my Plu Perfect software in the process If you keep publishing all those tech _ nical goodies in your column I ll never be able to keep the cover on my com puter Bill Ballhorn 1032 Marion Place Sheridan WY 82801 Editor s note Your Plu Perfect will work fine with our speed up mod Also don t worry about hav ing a scantily clad KayPro ours are kinda shy of their covers too Dear Editor I just finished installing the 5 MHz mod in my KayPro II The local supplier was temporarily out of stock on the Z80B but I did the wiring mods in antici pation of getting the chip in the next day or so Imagine my surprise and delight when the silly thing ran at 5 MHz with the original chip Yes it crapped out af ter I put the cover back on and the CPU had time to warm up but at least I was able to check out the mods A note on DASM Even if you use the END command be sure that the address range using the Prolog command does not exceed the address range of the pro gram or labels lying beyond the end of the program and within the range of the P command will not be created For ex ample if the program ends at BFF and a CCOO E has been issued P100 FFF will ignore any potential labels in the range COO to FFF Th
189. xt door to Radio Shack for the male half of this connector proved equal ly successful RS part 276 1537 and in expensive at only 1 99 Total invest ment was less than 10 Inside the joystick I found the five switches 4 directional and 1 fire button and traced them to the female connector with an Ohm meter The pins for the joy stick connector looking into the female half are shown in Figure 1 As seen in the right half of figure 2 the five switches all connect to a common wire pin 8 when closed Inside the key board I found a similiar situation for the four cursor control keys The keyboard apparently uses a row by column decod ing scheme and fortunately since the cursor keys are in the same row they all have one common connection Figure 2 shows the overall schematic of the connections that had to be made Initially I left the fire button on the joy stick unconnected Configuring it as the space bar would have been great since that key is used as the fire button in one game that comes with Kaypro but unfortunately the space bar does not share any common connections with the cursor keys I have since connected the fire button so that is identical to the up position of the joy stick This has turned out to be quite usa ble for game playing 101 Carrollton Terrace 4 Charlottesville VA 22903 Figure 2 Joystick Connections SUB MINI D CONNECTOR JOYSTICK Stick Construction Only three parts a

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