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Notes from MISOSYS Issue 3 - 1 Table of Contents - tim

1. DE DEFKEY id E DEFKEY 1 PARSE2 Notes from MISOSYS Init DI EFAULT OFF Go to p u current key settings Move new function key code table Save pointer to table Recover tabl pointer Index to start of buffer Loop for 3 keys Point to next field Unpack Unpack DSPLY unshifted shifted P u key code QHEX8 Point to KI s table Save for update Init for six tests Point to start of table P u response code P u vector Bump pointer to table new valu Get th Issue 3 53 Notes from MISOSYS LD DE A Replace with new value RET KIERR LD HL KIERRS DB ODDH PRMERR LD HL PRMERRS LD A 12 LOGOT RST 40 LD HL 1 Init for error RE PRMTBL DB 80H DB OA2H F1 0 DW F1 2 PARMS DB OA2H S1 0 DW S1 2 PARMS DB OA2H F2 0 DW F2 2 PARMS DB OA2H S2 0 DW S2 2 PARMS DB OA2H F3 0 DW F3 2 PARMS DB 0A2H S3 0 DW S3 2 PARMS DB 57H DEFAULT 0 DW DPARM 1 OP DEFKEY DB 81H 91H 82H 92H 83H 93H PARMS DW 0 0 0 0 0 0 HELLOS DB 10 FKEY Change or reset Model 4 function keys DB 10 Public Domain Written by Roy Soltoff DB All rights reserved 10 13 KIMOIIS DB SKI 3 PRMERR DB Parameter error 13 KIERRS DB Can t locate SKE driver 13 KEYSS DB Fl xx yy F2 xx yy F3 xx yy 13 END
2. Byte string was 4F 06 00 The following patches are for the Model 4 release of PRO CREATE PCREATO4 FIX 02 13 84 Applied 820153 PRO LC 920091 PATCH to PRO CREATE Version 4 2a This fix corrects EDAS so that it prints the same number of lines on each page the first page had one extra line PATCH EDAS USING D04 34 00 F04 34 34 D04 89 21 CF 34 34 7E F04 89 3A CF 34 FE 38 DOE 48 D0 34 AF 77 2B FOE 48 CF 34 AF 77 23 FE 38 CO 3E 00 77 CO 3E 00 32 CF 34 3E 00 77 77 3E 00 Issue 3 13 Notes from MISOSYS DO2 52 21 CF 34 C3 52 3A F02 52 00 00 00 00 00 00 D26 24 1B 38 F26 24 50 3A End of patch PCREATO5 FIX 02 04 84 Applied 820153 PRO LC 920091 PATCH TO PRO CREATE Version 4 2a release of EDAS Corrects strange behavior when symbols are multiply defined This error was introduced in V4 2a when something else was fixed D1D 13 79 32 A9 52 7E F6 10 77 F2 A5 52 CB 76 F1D 13 7E F6 10 77 F2 A7 52 CB 76 79 32 98 52 D1D 27 0C F1D 27 0E D1D 30 12 F1D 30 14 D1D 32 20 OF OA F6 40 02 El El 11 82 4C C3 78 48 F6 80 77 OE 00 F1D 32 0E 00 20 OF OA F6 40 02 El El 11 82 4C C3 78 48 F6 80 77 End of patch PCREATO6 FIX 02 04 84 Applied 820153 PRO LC 920091 PATCH TO PRO CREATE Version 4 2a release of EDAS inor enhancement of PCREAT03 FIX DO1 C5 CD 13 38 F01 C5 3E 3C EF D02 4A 1A E6 40 C8 3
3. or getchar EOF will always be subsequently returned Under release 1 2 a function called cleareof has been provided which can be used to reset the EOF flag bit Also under version 1 2 another option called BREAK has been added which is used by getc to inhibit the BREAK key from being treated as an end of file from all input devices For the moment until you obtain LC release 1 2 let me pass along the cleareof function It may be used to reset the EOF condition once detected cleareof fp asm M CALL GETFV Get the FCA pointer SCF Prepare for error JR Zig OL Go if file closed BIT 5 HL Cannot cleareof a file JR NZ S 1 if the error bit set RES 6 HL Reset the EOF flag XOR A Clear the CF 1 SBC HL HL Set O no error l error endasm An RET statement is not needed as the closing brace automatically generates an RET The argument fp is the file pointer returned from an fopen request or stdin in the case of getchar Using the cleareof function one could rewrite an input as follows if choice getchar EOF cleareof stdin Issue 3 29 Notes from MISOSYS You may remember the useful MBCONV program submitted and printed in the last issue of NOTES This program converted a Model VIll compressed BASIC program for Model 4 use Well John Harrell liked it enough to make it better John was the one that wrote that in depth review of LC which appeared in
4. A endasm itof 94 v2 set random upper for i 0 i lt SIZE i frnd v1 v2 get random number y ftoi vl 32 set char 32 126 v shell CRT n ascend for i 0 i lt 10000 i shell CRT n decend c getchar cls exit 0 Issue 3 25 Notes from MISOSYS shell v n order sort v 0O v n 1 char v int n order int gap i j temp set gap as recommended in Knuth Vol 3 p 95 for gap 1 gap lt n gap 3 gap 1 set gap larger then n then back up two steps gap gap 3 gap gap 3 now gap has been initialized for gap gt 0 gap gap 3 for i gap i lt n itt for j i gap j gt 0 amp amp order v j v jtgap j gap temp v Jj v jl vijtgap v j gap temp cls puts xlc xlf ascend vl v2 char vl v2 if vl gt v2 return 1 else return 0 decend vl v2 char vl v2 if v2 gt vl return 1 else return 0 While we re on the subject of sorting share with you the following information donated by Joe Williams our C er from Brussels Joe also supplied the informative article on using EDAS to input and maintain KSM files Lam enclosing the C program for a simple sort which has the advantage not shared by either quicksort or the shell sort for example of being stable Stable here means that the listed items are sorted in sequence th
5. R D E E ees 6 H A A USH USH USH DIR POP POP POP LD OUT LDIR PUD URP Peg UO 402DH 4030H 4467H 4049H 400FH 5200H A 31 A Make sure ROM is switched in 254 A Turn off reverse video A HIGHS 1 90H C CONT1 HL MESSAGE DSPLY ABORT SP HIGHS HL 0 E EOP C 3000H PIE WITU Q M Copy ROM to user memory Q PIE 6 r 31 A Select RAM from 0 to 12K Move ROM into RAM at 0 to 12K B H DE A Patch the ROM so EDAS will work correctly Fix the Fix the LOOP1 L L L L U U U gJ IR ZO GG amp Zi OC A N Be Ea See ee Ee G2 G G ALZ CTL vector HL FIX DE 23H BC 5 initialization for level two basic DE 87H B 2 A HL E A J Ome ft OMAPUE Issue 3 16 Notes from MISOSYS LD BC LENGTH LDIR LD A 130 OUT 31 A JP EXIT MESSAG DB Insufficient memory to fix ROM 13 FIX OB OC5H 6 4 18H 1EH 2DH 1 OC3H EN1 EI JP DEBUG ENGTH EQU S LEN1 EOP EQU END START Jeffrey had a few other problems that he brought to my attention First he could not get the MEM parameter to work according to the documentation on page 2 1 of the manual Second on rare occasions when entering the P command or the A command the computer would freeze up Pressing the ENTER key or any other key would cause the co
6. still reset If they are set again then it repeats the sequence If by chance you happen to tap the PAUSE after the test the PAUSE condition will get locked in This would be rare since the window of time where the pause would be registered is extremely small As a last note find it surprising that you would be surprised at receiving a response to a bug report note Jeffrey was surprised that took the time to respond to his bug reports and he commented thusly to me If had ever written to other software firms concerning any problem whatsoever and not received a response would immediately cease doing any business with that firm As far as am concerned that is part of the service that must be provided to a customer Maybe that s what separates the good guys from the bad The next item came from Knute Johnson thought would send along my solution to the EDAS paging problem Knute uses PRO CREATE the Model 4 version of EDAS My printer is a Radio Shack Line Printer VIII It does not have built in form feed control When a top of form code is sent to the printer it prints a splotch Note a splotch is not to be confused with a splat A splat is a one syllable way of saying asterisk you know the character can t print a splotch on the Issue 3 17 Notes from MISOSYS Daisywheel Il that is used to print NOTES however suspect that a splotch may be the same character printed for an invalid code on my DMP 500 see p
7. were ready to go out and blow your meager budget on a model 2000 with more RAM you had a brainstorm Why not store the working array on disk you posed Looking over your program you found that the conversion was made very simple due to having access to the student grades provided by functions in a package Listing 3 shows the result Notice that the random I O functions available in the LC 1 2 upgrade are used to seek to positions in a file GRADES DATABASE PAGAGE by Elsie U Zerr version II now can handle up to 16 000 student tests by storing on disk xx variables used in this package all static int gr_file file of student grades unsigned n_students n_tests Issue 3 33 Notes from MISOSYS gr_init initialize the grades database this function tells the package how to dimension the array and how much storage to reserve based on the number of students and tests Returns if no errors 1 if a disk error occurs xx gr_init num_students num tests char buf 256 5 int 1 n_students num_students n_tests num_tests if gr_file creat grades wrk 6 EOF return 1 now initialize the work file for i n_students n_tests i1 gt 128 i 128 if write gr_file buf 256 256 close gr_file unlink grades wrk return 1 if i gt 0 write gr_file buf i 2 if gr_base NULL return 1 return 1 if error el
8. 08 80 00 DOE C8 02 08 eop PROCUREP FIX patch PROCURE CMD for Lobo CP M 512 byte formats R N Deglin 04 20 84 5 1 4 35 40 track DOD 87 28 00 02 04 09 09 00 FOD 87 24 00 01 02 11 08 O1 8 77 track DOD A4 44 00 02 04 10 10 00 FOD A4 3C 00 01 02 1D 09 02 eop PROCURE8 FIX patch PROCURE CMD for Lobo CP M 2 and 3 5 1 4 77 and 80 track formats R N Deglin 04 20 84 DOD 8E 04 10 00 08 80 00 FOD 8E 03 08 00 04 40 00 DOD 9B 02 08 FOD 9B 01 10 eop DSMBLR PRO DUCE This issue has one patch for the disassembler Ill It eliminates some obscure code that hung around from version Il It also corrects a bug in not properly detecting the source and destination diskettes being the same DSMBLR36 FIX 04 06 84 Patch to Model I III DSMBLR DO02 09 00 00 00 00 Was FE 4D 28 OD 55C1H DOC 0A 00 00 00 00 Was FE 4D 28 05 5F9AH D11 48 9A Was 99 64C4H End of patch PRODUCE5 FIX 04 06 84 Patch to Model 4 DSMBLR D01 BD 00 00 00 00 F01 BD FE 4D 28 09 D0A B5 00 00 00 00 FOA B5 FE 4D 28 05 DOF B5 0B FOF B5 0A End of patch Issue 3 12 Notes from MISOSYS EDAS VERSION 4 1 PRO CREATE The following patches are for Model I III EDAS and XREF Don t forget that the FIX files are included on the DISK NOTES EDAS418 FIX 01 31 84 Applied 821048 EDAS Version 4 1a This fix corrects EDAS so that it prints the same number of lines on each page the
9. 24 File not in directory Issue 3 40 Notes from MISOSYS IOERR OR 40H i IF DOS6 LD C A LD A 26 ERROR RST 40 ELSE JP ERROR ENDIF i MBRREQ DB PDS Member required CR MEMBER DB FELLEN EQU ENTRY PAGES EQU lt 8 PAGE1 1 END ENTRY The purpose of the FEL is to 1 extract the member specification from the command line 2 search the partitioned data set member table for a match to the entered memberspec then 3 interface back to the operating system loader routine for positioning to and loading the requested member The following outlines the various sub modules of the standard FEL sub module function ENTRY GOTBGN Checks for mandatory left parenthesis GOTBGN EXITGET Extracts member specification from command line EXITGET PARSE Skips past spaces Saves command line pointer PARSE LINPTR Searches the PaDS directory for the first match LINPTR TABBGN Interfaces to the system loader PARSE2 GETBYT The rest of PARSE LIMPTR code GETBYT END Miscellaneous I O and error handling believe that in the above code the only statement that will add some detail on is the following LD IX 5 PAGES 4 FELLEN 35 8 4 amp 0FFH Recall from the first paragraph of this issues PaDS column The FEL alters the NRN offset byte to point to the beginning of the member table th
10. 80 MICROCOMPUTING Rather than repeat MBCONV here will just include it in DISK NOTES A copy is also available from the LCIG Speaking of the LCIG let me mention a reminder Don t forget that there is an LC Interest Group chaired by Earl C Terwilliger Jr Contact Earl for details at 647 North Hawkins Ave Akron OH 44313 USA believe that there are presently 5 to 6 disks of public domain LC software With the release of LC 1 2 and its fixed scientific format for floating point numbers it is necessary to revise the floating point example shown in the LC manual page 4 44 of the First and Second editions In the Fahrenheit to Celsius conversion table printing you can no longer print 8 characters for the float result This is so because the new float format is precisely 13 characters long The easiest solution at present is to delete the line ftoa celsius celsius_str and change the subsequent line to read printf 10 3d e n fahr celsius If you want to keep the ftoa then you must change the printf to specify a 13s in lieu of the 8 8s and increase the size of celsius_str to 14 from 8 in the statement char celsius_str 8 On another front if you have been writing LARGE programs in LC without using separately compiled modules you probably have run up against a problem with the assembly EDAS has a kludgy end of file test to permit it to work with source files that do not have a CTL Z as the last byte such a
11. 83 TITLE lt PDS Loader Ver 1 0 gt k Km x PDS Front End Loader j Copyright C 1981 by Roy Soltoff r This program performs a search of the MEMBER table for a match to the PDS Member requested Works with LDOS 5 0 x and 5 1 x amp 6 x x DOS6 EQU 1 CR EQU 13 IF DOS6 LOADOFF EQU 17 ORG 2600H ELSE LOADOFF EQU 12 Issue 3 37 Notes from MISOSYS GET EQU 13H ABORT EQU 4030H ERROR EQU 4409H LOAD EQU 4430H RUN EQU 4433H DSPLY EQU 4467H ORG 5200H ENDIF i COM lt Copyright C 1981 by Roy Soltoff gt r PAGE1 EQU lt 8 ENTRY LD A HL Check for INC HL Bump to probable member CP on Start of member JR Z GOTBGN Member required LD HL MBRREQS i IF DOS6 LD A 12 LOGOT RST 40 LD A 21 ABORT RST 40 ELSE CALL DSPLY JP ABORT ENDIF i GOTBGN i IF DOS6 LD A 101 7Get the flag pointer RST 40 ENDIF PUSH DE Save FCB pointer LD DE MEMBER Point to save area PUSH DE LD B 9 Max of 8 tending char GETMBR LD A HL P u char CP CR End of line JR Z EXITGET INC HL CP a ad End of member JR 2 EX TGET SET 5 A Adapt to lc LD DE A INC DE DJNZ GETMBR BADMBRO JP BADMBR Name is too long EXITGET D A 9 SUB B JR Z BADMBRO Name too short LD B A Xfer compare length CKSPA LD A HL Skip past trailing INC HL A
12. C D EXI PUT PDSPUT JCL 12 12 83 jwk IF C T N USAGE do pds put t tag c ext n filename QUIT END PDS A N C T C PDS PDS KILL N C EXIT UPD PDSUPD JCL 12 12 83 jwk IF C T N USAGE do pds upd t tag c ext n filenaae QUIT END PDS K T C PDS PDS N PDS P T C PDS PDS Y PDS A N C T C PDS PDS KILL N C EXIT Issue 3 44 Notes from MISOSYS THE PROGRAMMER S GUIDE MISOSYS began publishing THE PROGRAMMER S GUIDE TO LDOS TRSDOS VERSION 6 back in August of 1983 The GUIDE not to be confused with THE HITCHHIKER S GUIDE is designed to be used by the TRSOOS Version 6 assembly language programmer The GUIDE in its 214 pages covers the procedures to be followed when writing assembly language programs for use with version 6 TRSDDS For those that have already acquired a copy of the GUIDE there are a few corrections to make The following are a list of all of the corrections made to the First Edition 1983 1 Pages 3 47 and 3 48 was revised on September 13 1983 to change all references of IX to IY If your book does not have the revised page contact MISOSYS and request the new page 2 page 2 32 change the statement beginning with 3 Flag to indicate to read 3 Contains the receive character code interpreted as BREAK Note
13. CA 66 52 C3 7B 52 eop CVTEXTS2 FIX Applied 05 09 84 effective 320162 patch CVTEXT OMD LDOS 5 1 x version ONLY Detect attempt to use same file for both input and output D00 51 CD A7 54 DO2 82 CD 32 53 21 29 54 11 61 54 1A FE 20 38 06 BE CO 23 13 18 FS 7 FE 20 DO 21 C8 54 CD 67 44 C3 30 40 DO2 A3 Input and output can t be same file DO2 C7 0D eop fl CVTEXT61 FIX Applied May 9 1984 effective 320044 patch CVTEXT CMD TRSDOS 6 x version ONLY correct EOF detection if input file ends on record boundary i e file does not have trailing X 1lA D00 8E C3 98 32 00 00 F00 8E 3E 03 EF 20 26 D02 73 3E 03 EF CA 54 30 FE 1C CA 65 30 C3 7A 30 F02 73 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 eop CVTEXT62 FIX Applied May 9 1984 effective 320044 patch CVTEXT CMD TRSDOS 6 x version ONLY Detect attempt to use same file for both input and output D00 51 CD A6 32 F00 51 CD 31 31 DO2 81 CD 31 31 21 28 32 11 60 32 1A FE 20 38 06 BE CO 23 13 18 F5 7E FE 20 DO 21 C7 32 3E OA EF 3E 16 EF FO02 81 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DO2 A2 Input and output can t be same file F02 A2 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 DO02 C6 0D F02 C6 00 eop Three additional patches are available that enhance C
14. FREY The following suggestion was contributed by James O Mullin James writes use the last sector of a file for whet you might call internal documentation When some question comes up rather than having to dig out a notebook or a piece of paper where the patch or other information has been written down just look on the last sector using FED or FED Il In fact on the Electric Pencil have added an extra sector which serves no purpose except more documentation have found that when you copy the file from one diskette to another the extra information or garbage on the last sector goes along Thus never lose my documentation Also have in some instances added a name or version number to a piece of software so that when go to the last sector can see which version am using Now with two contributions designed strictly for the Model 4 user let s provide something for the old trusty Model Mike Kaizen of Rockville MD writes Enclosed is a little program you may want to use in the next issue of NOTES wrote it for use with my remote terminal so that could have the break and pause features which are not available with the LDOS RS232 driver Mike may have been referring to an earlier RS232 driver the RS232T driver provides a BREAK parameter that supports the KFLAG BREAK PAUSE bits use task slot zero to sample the RS232 interface for 01H or 60H and set the keyboard flag All credit however is due to your articles in the
15. MISOSYS PATCH facility Apply the first two fixes If you want to change to the upper row of keys apply the third fix Due to the length of these fix files they will not be printed you really would not want to key them in Therefore they will be available only on the DISK NOTES Additionally an MPATCH documentation file will be on DISK NOTES Another item for the Model 4 users is a program that can be used to change the code values generated by the three functions keys FKEY can change either the unshifted or shifted key values FKEY displays the current values after any changes have been made FKEY also permits you to reset the keys to their default values FKEY executes totally within the library memory region so it can be invoked from any program that permits the invocation of library commands Programs such as BASIC which restrict you to DOS library commands only may still grant you access to FKEY via the SYSTEM verb if you invoke FKEY via the RUN library command see there really is a valid use for RUN From BASIC for example you can change the F1 key to generate the carat used for exponentiation and generated via lt CLEAR gt lt gt with the syntax SYSTEM RUN FKEY F1 Thereafter depressing F1 will generate the carat Please note that you cannot use FKEY to allow a function key to emulate the lt SHIFT gt lt gt function of PAUSE Since the DOS specifically scans SHIFT gt and lt gt to detect the PAUSE functio
16. MISOSYS THE BLURB This is the third issue of NOTES FROM MISOSYS later than anticipated as usual For those of you who are new to NOTES it is our way of continuing the support for each of our products MISOSYS firmly believes in product support We are making every attempt to produce products of extremely high quality and excellent value for your dollars quality in the software the documentation and the support That s the kind of environment we strive for with the product itself The NOTES publication is just one example of after sale support to the customer It is issued on an as required basis with a goal of three issues per year We still have copies of NOTES Issue and Issue Il These are available for purchase If you do not have one of the issues and wish to obtain one or both for that matter please send us 2 per issue 3 if non US and request the issue or issues of your choice Speaking of notes have decided to correlate each issue of NOTES with DISK NOTES DISK NOTES will contain all of the FIX files and all of the programs that are contained in NOTES It will be released on 40 track double density LDOS 5 x TRSDOS 6 x media If you want to get the DISK NOTES corresponding to an issue of NOTES submit a blank diskette in a mailer with 2 4 outside North America and request the issue Alternatively remit 6 10 outside North America and will supply the disk and mailer Getting DISK NOTES will probably save you the
17. a limitation in LC Only one dimensional arrays are allowed by LC but fortunately there are ways around this To get an idea of how a multi dimensional array can be simulated in an LC program think about how a two dimensional array would be stored in memory Normally the first element a 0 0 would be stored at the lowest location Each subsequent element a 0 1 through a O MAX is stored in subsequent memory locations f we assume that our compiler doesn t worry about word boundaries we could use a pointer to get to elements in the array Given the array declaration char m ISIZE JSIZE we can use a Character pointer p to get to any particular element of the array If i is the major subscript and j is the minor subscript the expression any_element p i JSIZE j will cause any_element to be assigned the value of the element mil j This technique can be expanded to an arbitrary number of subscripts However there is no guarantee that other implementations of C will store the elements of a multi dimensional array in contiguous memory especially if the elements are structures Take a look at listing 1 which is a program that implements a simple two dimensional array called a The basic method is to write a function which can access a one dimensional array in a way that simulates a multi dimensional array Using this function looks rather like using a BASIC multi dimensional array since the name of the array is
18. file stream Unlink operates per K amp R to delete a file i e KILL or REMOVE It will not permit you to unlink a file that is currently open under LC The added iswhat functions round out the character type tests as suggested in Plum s book LEARNING TO PROGRAM IN C In fact tested the functions with his program listed on page 3 15 of the text The checkc function should be very useful for anyone developing communications programs in LC This function will scan a file stream for the availability of a character In order to make the function portable across all files it actually operates by issuing a DOS GET If a character is fetched it is stuffed back into the file stream via the ungetc function Speaking of ungetc it supports a one character buffer per file stream to allow you to push one character back into a file stream Ungetch is the same as ungetc stdin Btoi and its converse itob perform conversions between binary numbers in ASCII and ints Otoi and itoo are similar but operate on octals They round out the decimal and hexadecimal conversion functions existing in LC 1 1 The various scan functions support d o x b h c s and f or e conversions Scan operates per K amp R Notice that it supports float and double input conversions The print functions have also been updated to directly convert floating point values However for now the output format is fixed at standard scientific notation in the format
19. followed by subscripts in parentheses separated by comma s Note however that the function returns the ADDRESS of the element specified NOT the VALUE This is so that assignment expressions can be used Another way to do this would be to write two separate functions to access the element one to set the value and the other to get the value LISTING 1 example of a multi dimensional array implemented with functions simple case Jim Frimmel 5 10 84 KK int a_raw 1000 the raw vector int a il 1i2 returns address of element of array a 100 10 return a_rawtil 10 i2 main f let s fill the array with the offset into the array for each element int i j k for i k 0 i lt 99 i for j 0 j lt 9 j a i j k now dump the values to the standard output for i 0 i lt 99 i printf n 4 4d i for j 0 j lt 9 Et Issue 3 31 Notes from MISOSYS printf 4 4d a i j In listing 1 the actual space for the array is declared in line 4 In lines 5 8 the function is defined that returns the address of an element given two subscripts Note that ii is multiplied by 10 to adjust for the innermost dimension of ten elements The body of the program consists of two similar loops The first loop fills the array with numbers the second loop prints out these numbers showing that which was placed into each element is the same as what was retrieved Th
20. following patch to PRO ZCAT corrects this DOB 46 04 F0B 46 05 Issue 3 48 Notes from MISOSYS ZGRAPH and PRO ZGRAPH First let s repeat the update notice for ZGRAPH version 4 x Karl Hessinger has developed an enhanced version of ZGRAPH Version 5 is written completely in assembly language it is fast It includes an improved circle generating routine improved for blinding speed It supports a fill function that fills in all pixels of a boundary This operation is similar to the paint operation under graphic BASICs Version 5 uses all available RAM for buffer space With the ability to store 15 25 screens and save all the screens into a single file Karl added another utility which plays the screen images in a timed succession Karl added magnification and reduction functions to ZGRAPH so that you can take a rectangular block of the screen image and either expand it or shrink it You get nine levels of expansion and two modes of reduction Version 5 supports the Radio Shack DMP series of printers including the DMP 2100 in addition to the Epson printers f you presently own Model I III ZGRAPH version 4 and wish to upgrade to Model IIll ZGRAPH version 5 you can do so by returning your ZGRAPH master diskette to MISSOSYS There will be a 20 charge In return you will get an updated diskette and a brand new version 5 ZGRAPH manual It turns out that not all DMP printers support the 1 216 line feed mode To be specific the DMP 2
21. itoo checkc chkx getx putx cleareof clearerr close creat fdown fpup ferror fflush open read seek scan_ scanf fscanf sscanf sprintf ungetc ungetch unlink and write Because of the extensive library improvement we want to assure ourselves that the correct PRO LC owner obtains this update Therefore we are asking that you return you PRO LC master diskette to MISOSYS Inc Attn PRO LC update PO Box 4848 Alexandria VA 22303 The update is free of charge to the PRO LC owners since we have delayed in forwarding the floating point library Thank you for your consideration Now then since the LC LIB was extensively revised an LC 1 2 version is also now available It adds all of the above functions except the chkx getx and putx functions which are pertinent to banked RAM only getx and putx get and put a character to a RAM bank while chkx checks for the availability of a bank The charge for this update is based on the original purchase date of your LC by the original purchaser and is as follows Anytime after May 15 1984 0 eeeeeeeeeeeeee No charge From April 1 1984 through May 14 1984 5 00 Anytime prior to April 1 1984 00 eeeeeeeeeeeeereeeeees 15 00 To obtain the update send your LC master disk enclosed in a protective mailer to the address identified above use Attn LC update Anyone claiming a charge of less than 15 must enclose a copy o
22. region of memory can also be accessed via Q RUN program MPATCH also defaults the file extension to SCR on lt L gt oad and lt S gt ave commands as well as default to TXT on ASCII loads and saves MPATCH provides improvements to the keyboard activity by removing SCRIPSIT s internal type ahead thereby utilizing the system s type ahead solely Optionally you can also revamp the SCRIPSIT command keys to the top row to allow use of TRSDOS 6 x KSM function MPATCH provides the gt and gt support as follows gt allows you to transmit a series of byte values directly to the printer during the printing phase of SCRIPSIT The byte values are identified as decimal entries separated by commas Thus the control line gt 27 10 27 13 will output the four bytes ESCAPE LF ESCAPE CR to the printer The gt control can be used anywhere a format control line can be specified gt allows you to temporarily suspend print output until a keyboard entry is made Depression of lt SHIFT gt lt CLEAR gt will abort the printing after a pause This control may be useful to provide a pause for changing type wheels Where the Model IIll LSCRIPT patch supported direct print output of key strokes with the gt control MSCRIPT does not MPATCH is applied to Model 4 SCRIPSIT version 01 00 00 It consists of three files MPATCH1 FIX MPATCH2 FIX and MPATCH3 FIX To implement the patch use the TRSDOS 6 x Issue 3 51 Notes from
23. spaces to next CP na hard character JR Z CKSPA Issue 3 38 A D Zo u E PARSE1 FJ w PARSI Pl as PARSI LINPTR Coy T es A OQ Qs Cp CQ FO Pd Et rp Oe A rA Co og py ECF Ca GP Mr D Da ed Js oF a a AGES LOA U gt i E E E E ZuvwaporwtyyD Z g N Q Zoisa B ca sa s aaa PU 6 E 6 E n a n an Q T Notes from MISOSYS HL LINPTR 1 HL Save ptr to INBUFS HL Member entry DE FCB DE IX 7 FCB to IX DADR proglen COM FNAME TRAADR IX 5 PAGES 4 FELLEN 35 8 4 amp 0FFH HL j Save member start BC j Save compare len GETBYT Get type byte OEH End of table Z NOFIND Go if end of table OCH Member entry NZ FMTERR Go if load format error GETBY Get length byte C A GETBY Get member char Cc Dec the field length HL Is it a match HL Bump pointer NZ PARSE2 Exit if no match PARSE1 else loop for length C Adj for reading the C rest of the field C Z PARSE4 Don t read any more if 8 Bye chars already tested GETBYT Loop for trailing field PARSE3 BC 7 Clean up the stack HL GETBY Grab the ISAM B A Set up for link GETBY Read to end of field Ensure a program file C FMTERR Go if data file GETBY HL P u ptr to I
24. strmid f1ld2 s2 pos count allupper fldl allupper fld2 return strcmp fldl f1ld2 else if argc 3 pos atoi argv 1 count atoi argv 2 strmid fldl sl pos count strmid f1ld2 s2 pos count allupper fldl allupper fl1ld2 return strcmp fldl f1ld2 Issue 3 28 Notes from MISOSYS else abort 0 1 or 2 arguments n EAS abort msg char msg fputs msg stderr putc EOL stderr exit FAIL allupper s char s J int p char toupper for p 0 s p NULL ptt s p toupper s p return The next topic provides an answer to the problems sometimes experienced which stem from LC s use of the BREAK key to indicate EOF from the keyboard A few people have raised the question as to why the keyboard seems to lock up for getchar after the BREAK key has been pressed For each open file stream and don t forget that character devices such as the keyboard input and video output are files to LC LC maintains a flag byte in the File Control Area FCA Within this byte there is an FOF flag that is set once an EOF is detected from the file on a request for a character input other conditions can cause this bit to be set such as an error detected on an output file The getc function and getchar invokes getc first tests the EOF flag If EOF is set then getc does an immediate return with EOF as the returned value Thus once you depress BREAK in response to a getc
25. suggested to LSI that they change the COMDVR module to interpret a value of NULL to indicate that no checking for BREAK PAUSE ENTER conditions should be done if the BREAK character code value is set to NULL This was implemented in release 6 2 0 3 Page 6 139 change VIDEO POKE register B value from B gt 1 to B gt 2 4 Page 6 139 SET CURSOR POSITION change the statement A lt Will to read A lt Will contain the error code if an error was encountered 5 Page A 150 paragraph 4 change the phrase 256 load bytes respectfully to read 256 load bytes respectively 6 Page 4 64 sample code change label HASHMPW to HASHSPEC and change label PSWDPTR to SPECPTR 7 Page 5 90 sample code move the two lines LD A REW RST 40 to precede the line LD HL 0 8 Page A 160 sample code change the line DB MODDCB BEGIN 5 to read as follows DB MODDCB ENTRY 5 9 Page A 190 the statement CRESP DB 0 should precede the statement DW CPARM 1 10 Page A 191 Remove the statement END TRAP Now that the misprints are corrected let me turn to a lighter side am happy to report that Jim Ross was the first person to decipher the words written on the open book as depicted on the front cover of THE PROGRAMMER S GUIDE Jim called in his findings on March 2 1984 I am sad to say that Jim has so far been the ONLY one to realize that there was a hidden message We may write Serious Software but folks we re not
26. these available Give us a call or drop a line if you wish to order these diskettes They can be available in the following styles RAINBOW PACK two each of red orange yellow green light blue BUSINESS PACK two each of dark blue grey maroon tan brown COLOR PACK one each of the above colors also available in ten box of one color including white and lavender Our price will be 28 plus shipping and sales tax where applicable The diskettes are certified for one sided double density 40 tracks The other item is an interest on our part to obtain our customers opinions of the smaller 5 1 2 by 8 1 2 documentation packages that appear to be prevalent in the MS DOS world Tandy is also using this size for Model 4 software believe that the reasoning behind the smaller packages has been that they are easier to store in bookcases They also do not take up as much space on a desk when open On the negative side they cannot display as much information on a page unless the print is reduced If you have occasion to call us or write us keep this question in mind and give us your opinion Now that all the business stuff is out of the way there are some of you out there who are looking for an update on Stacey As write this Stacey is almost 11 months old She weighs in about 20 pounds is tall and thin Thus she always seems to be needing clothes that are for a three month older child She has seven teeth three lower and four upper and is wor
27. 0 Winnipeg Manitoba R3C 224 AUSTRALIA CANADA 204 942 0963 E C Data Inc L A amp H A Lewis Tormevangsvej 88 10 Rudd Place Birkerod DK 3460 Blackett New South Wales 2770 DENMARK AUSTRALIA Peter Caritato amp Assoc Ltd MOLIMERX LTD 18 Kolonaki Square 1 Buckhurst Road Town Hall Square 106 73 Athens Bexhill on Sea East Sussex GREECE 01 3619379 ENGLAND 0424 220391 223636 JMG Software International TELEBYTE COMMUNICATIONS CORP 710 Upper James Street 20 Tanglewood Drive Hamilton Ontario L9C 228 Nepean Ontario K2H 6P3 CANADA 416 389 6086 CANADA 613 828 9432 The time has come to address an issue of policy We have received some requests for special deals when a customer wants to purchase a software package for both a Model and a Model 4 or a Model Ill and a Model 4 We have finally reached a decision to provide some degree of accommodation for requests of this nature If you are registered with Model IIll or a PRO series product you can purchase the EQUIVALENT alternate package without documentation i e diskettes only for 75 of the package price The alternate package must be equivalent For example PRO LC release 1 2 and LC release 1 2 are equivalent packages PaDS and PRO PaDS are equivalent packages DSMBLR Ill and PRO DUCE are equivalent packages MSP 01 and PRO GENY are NOT equivalent packages Orders placed in this manner must include the registration number of which the registration card must be in our file Altern
28. 00 printer does not The RSBINCAT program makes use of that mode thus the DMP 200 does not properly print the images The problem was due to the use of the 1 216 line feed spacing mode which was assumed to be available on all of the DMP xxx printers However that line feed spacing mode is not supported by the DMP 200 Therefore instead of sending 16 of the 1 216 feeds the patch changes RSBINCAT to send 5 of the 1 32 feeds This equates to 15 216 in lieu of 16 216 thus the paper movement is short by 1 216 if you look closely at a graphics print you may notice a slight darkened row of dots This is caused by a slight overprinting of the bottom row of one pass by the top row of the subsequent pass If you change to 6 1 32 feeds there will be a whitespace gap of 2 216 1 believe that 15 216 spacing will be better The DMP2005A FIX is for the LDOS 5 1 x Model VIII version of RSBINCAT while the DMP2006A FIX is for the TRSDOS 6 x version Apply the proper patch one for Model VIII the other for PRO ZGRAPH to the RSBINCAT program so that it can print the graphics BIN files on a Radio Shack DMP 200 printer DMP2005A FIX 01 31 84 Patch for RSBINCAT LDOS 5 1 x Version Models I III This fix allows RSBINCAT to support the Radio Shack DMP 200 printer which does NOT support 1 216 line feed After th patch is applied the DENSE parameter is ineffective sinc DENSE requires use of the 1 216 line feed pap
29. 1 ASM Page 2 Change message at label M532E to read as follows M532E DB Track zero granule one or two in use 13 SOLEI ASM Page 3 Change patch code at label M5347 to as follows M5347 LD L 60H LD A HL OR 4 LD HL A PUSH HL LD L OCDH LD A HL OR 128 LD HL A POP HL JP M5239 QFB TXT 5627 562C 562D 562F 5634 5635 5637 563C 563D 563F 5644 5645 5647 564C 564D 564F 5654 5655 5657 5701 5710 5711 577F 5780 57A8 57A9 57B8 57B9 57CD 57CE 57E4 57E5 5806 5807 582A 582B 5857 5858 587C 587D 5898 5899 58B6 58B7 58D8 58D9 5906 5907 591B 591C 593B 593C 5952 5953 595C 595D 5966 5967 59E8 59F8 5E0F 5E10 5E27 5E28 5E3F 5E40 5E57 5E58 5E6F 5E70 5E87 5E88 5EAD SEAE 5ED6 5ED7 5EE6 5EE7 5EFB SSEFC 5F4E 5SF4F 5F60 5615 5619 561D 5FA1 5FB4 609A 60A3 5CAA 5CE9 5CEA 5D43 5D44 5D88 5D89 5DF7 5412 5414 566E 5675 5676 5677 5678 5679 567A 567B 567C 567D 567E 567F 5680 5681 5682 5683 5684 5685 5686 5687 5688 5689 568A 568B 56BC QFB ASM Page 1 After LD HL M63CC between label M5303 and label M5335 add the two lines LD A H and LD SAVEGAT A QFB ASM Page 2 Change EQUates from label M568C to read M568C DB 0 M568D DS 2 Issue 3 47 M568F DS M5690 DS M5691 DS M56E1 DS M5701 DB QFB ASM page 3 Change co
30. CH now accepts upper and lower case with EDAS 4 1 In addition it switches between Lower Case Converted and Lower Case accepted modes This information may be of some use to you in the future in case you ever encounter another individual who persists in programming on the ancient and antique TRS 80 Model Thanks again for your help Robert J Newton a customer of long standing always seems to discover the weird problem Bob presented me with the fact that EDAS prints one more line on the first page than succeeding pages In addition he states I seem to receive an extra line feed after the last software form feed after every multi page LP assembly so that the paper creeps up investigated both of Bob s problems and came up with some surprising findings Excerpts from my response to Bob follows It takes a person who has been with me for a long time to casually mention something that may not have been mentioned before but is nevertheless quite important am talking about the point raised in your latter of December 27th concerning EDAS printing one more line on the first page than it does on subsequent pages Have you ever mentioned that before In any event decided to check that out Sure enough you are correct In fact I even went so far as to come up with a patch almost a one byter to correct the problem the patch turned out to be three patches EDAS418 EDAS419 and EDAS420 These are listed above Now cannot see where
31. E 3C EF C9 F02 4A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 End of patch PCREAT07 FIX Applied 820153 PRO LC 920091 Patch inhibits the B command from resetting bit 6 of X EF65 DOD 57 00 00 00 00 00 FOD 57 2A 97 3A CB 56 End of patch XREF6A FIX 01 31 84 Applied 820153 PRO LC 920091 PATCH XREF CMD Version 4 1a This fix corrects XREF so that it doesn t generate 256 spaces on a line containing a label that is 15 characters long A second bug where an I 0 error was erroneously displayed is also corrected with this fix DO03 EC CD 73 37 F03 EC 3E 1A EF D06 BA 4F 3E 1A EF C9 F06 BA 00 00 00 00 00 DO2 02 CD 6A 37 00 00 F02 02 CD A5 36 10 FB D06 B1 04 05 C8 CD A5 36 10 FB C9 F06 B1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 XREF6B FIX 03 30 84 Applied PRO CREATE 820168 PRO LC 920112 Patch corrects bug of some symbols occasionally missing references PATCH XREF D01 27 E6 OF 4F F01 27 4F 06 00 Now that the patches are out of the way let s turn to some interesting material Carltan Ulbrich had a problem with character case since he was using THE PATCH on his Model suggested that Carlton apply the patch to inhibit Extended Cursor Mode ECM This patch was listed in NOTES Issue Canton reports that Issue 3 14 Notes from MISOSYS have followed your suggestion and it seems to work perfectly That is my Model with THE PAT
32. H D ve ART TITLE KBFLAG A 4423H OFOH 4423H A OEAH NON MVATRHIOA A OEBH A 7 Z A 7F 01H Z SE 60H Z SETPSE 13H Z INTR BRK k and pause TOP OF MEMORY AND RES ETS HIGHS ON ARTICLES BY ROY SOLTOFF the kbflag and task control Rockville Md Issue 3 55 EMDIR available from MISOSYS as April 1983 Notes from MISOSYS SETBRK LD A KFLAGS SE 0 A LD KFLAGS A RE SETPSE D A KFLAGS SE 1 A LD KFLAGS A RE INTR I A OEAH BIT TA JR Z INTR I A OEBH CP 11H JR NZ INTR RET LAST EQU END BEGI Issue 3 56
33. H CMD 2 10 Feb 84 3K That gt file cursor points to the current file and can be positioned to any file This current file can then be copied deleted listed or renamed as easily as pressing a key The IFC list operation pauses as the listing fills the display screen IFCLI5T can also be used as a stand alone program Any file in the list can be tagged simply by moving the file cursor to point to the file and press the lt T gt ag command A mass of files can also be tagged according to attributes such as MODIFIED INVISIBLE or PaDS files Tagging can even be invoked according to an ambiguous file specification commonly known as a WILDCARD In addition you can even specify a second disk drive end tag those files that are on both drives thereby providing an OLD NEW tagging specification The copy delete and rename IFC commands can be invoked on the mass of tagged files This operation really improves the file maintenance capabilities available at your fingertips Forget the command nomenclature Help is available on line As easy as typing lt ENTER gt or four other characters to make it easy IFC gives you A Again retag files C Copy current file O Tag old files D Delete current file T Tag current file L List current file U Untag current file R Rename current file W Wildcard tag untag 1 Tag by attributes E ExittoDOS lt Mbass functions F Free space on drive C Copy files H Display help D Delet
34. LD you can make the changes to it by applying just the DOO and FOO for Model 4 TRSDOS lines of each respective patch Speaking of Front End Loaders have received reports that a few of you experienced programmers have been designing your own FELs That s exactly what had in mind when implemented the LOADER parameter of the PDS BUILD module If you take a look at the PaDS documentation it states that the LOADER parameter is used to initialize the PDS with a Front End Loader FEL module other than the standard FEL supplied with the PDS utility Scott Loomer used a slightly patched standard FEL for his Model VIII HELP utility Jim Kyle has a slew of FELs that we will get into later have also been advised that one of my customers in France has combined the LDOS FILTER code with a FEL to implement a filter PDS Because of the interest in FELs am going to supply the source code for the standard FELs in PaDS and PRO PaDS First If you have both types of machines and the PaDS utility for just one you can use the other FEL to BUILD partitioned data sets for use with the other system Second once document the FEL it will be easier for the not so experienced programmers to create their own FELs The source code exists in a conditional form suitable for assembly by EDAS Change the conditional label DOS6 from 1 to 0 to switch between assembling a PRO PaDS or a PaDS version respectively PDSFEL ASM PDS Front End Loader 03 14
35. LDOS QUARTERLY and your sample filter program in the LDOS manual It is relocatable to high memory and will list with MEMDIR in MSP 01 The following is a listing of Mike s KBFLAG filter The source and object code files are included on DISK NOTES Issue 3 54 This program permits the user to use brea remote terminal when using t CONTROL A replaces the break jand Control Q will restart it and Notes from MISOSYS k and pause from a he TRS 80 MODEL I replaces the shift XON XOFF are also implemented Control S will pause the system After activating the RS232 driver and doing the appropriate linking Or routing THIS PROG The file name will be readable in M RAM IS LOA type KBFLAG to activat th use of brea DED AT THE part of the MSP 01 package THIS PROGRAM IS BASED of MISOSYS on relocation SEEKER Wri H IGH TITLI EQU EXIT ADTSK USTORS KF LAGS B EGIN a RY BUFFHI T ITLE START EQU EQU EQU EQU ORG PUSH LD XOR LD SBC LD PUSH ADD CALL POP DUOQUQAUQQPHDWHE aw Hw tu hy tten by Mi Fa ke Kaizen lt KBFLAG gt 4049H 402DH 4410H 4DFEH 4423H 5200H DE BC LAST ENTRY A L HIGHS HL BC HIGHS HL HL HL BC BUFFHI HL HL HL HL ENTRY L HIGHS USTORS HL E USTORS o DTSK Aw ps gt x lt
36. NBUFS HL Place on stack RUN DE Save FCB DOS6 H IY 26 P U pointer to SVC table L 77 2 Point to RUN vector A HL 4 amp fetch it H HL L A HL RUN 1 P u RUN vector DE 9 Index past CALL LOAD HL DE SP HL Simulate RUN RET HL Put back FCB LOAD Issue 3 39 TABBGN PARSI psj Notes from MISOSYS Gl U N PARSI GETBYT FMTERR BADMBR NOF IND IF DOS6 LD H IY 26 P U pointer to SVC table LD Ly 76 2 7Point to LOAD vector LD A HL F amp fetch it INC L LD H HL LD L A ELSE LD HL LOAD 1 P u load vector ENDIF LD DE LOADOFF Point to LOADER vector l ADD HL DE PUSH HL Set ret to POP DE ir LOAD DEC HL LD A HL P u hi order LOADER EC HL LD 1 HL P u b order LOADER LD H A INC HL INC HL Pt to ISAM stuff field LD E HL INC HL LD D HL EX DE HL LD HL B Stuff member needed EX DE HL LD DE 7 Point to CALL LDRO1 ADD HL DE PUSH IX LD E IX 5 DEC E Adj for increment LD D IX 4 P u hi order buffer EQU 1 JP HL Go to LOADER iD B C Not in this field CALL GETBYT DJNZ PARSE5 POP BC POP HL JR PARSE IF DOS6 LD A 3 7Get a byte RST 40 ELSE CALL GET Get a byte ENDIF RET Z DB I Pass the code thru iD A 34 Load file format error DB T LD A 19 Illegal file name DB 1 LD A
37. Notes from MISOSYS Table of Contents T HE BLURB resne R E reared EE 2 CMD FILE PRO CESS Version 2 28s sesshatusncurbeatsuucteal sndiste tsneanthated beets teat det 9 CONSO0Z PRO CONS0Z necntien tec tnciacn maseinet susan asoseneeakeene 9 CONVCGPMPRO CURE hc ussii inne ang eae hae Bit Boke eat 9 DSMBERIP RO DUG Eranto nepe nano R E Geeta 12 EDAS PRO CGREAT E erener a teenage EE 13 GRASP rant tered ate a e teen ta i 20 HELP PRO HELP eos reanna aea ere acateen ct arash eater tease EEA 20 LCO PRO LOren rate at eats bascans Gtetean lava oes tha tae nen OR aed hee ei are 21 WAG FAV IMAG H2 aiin tect e eae a a eraa S ea Ea EE eia 35 PaDS PRO Pa DS rn a E E ERE 35 THE PROGRAMMER S GUIDE cjete acl esgic teercecatestencusatdeaides ete anetanniel 45 SOLE as a Meese rest ca ees e ncc detente leu shew abate wanes paces tate ences ahead 45 ZCAT PRO ZCAT iaeses sia toni ted estar oats dan ea otal bee a E E E ORR 48 ZGRAPHPRO ZGRAP Malo closet acta season eat cace secu EE E 49 ZSAE Es cccc eon cat ehthen haa citane ta tee tna encneeees hee tatteedt hewn eats 50 CONTRIBUTIONS creea a aut a aera eranaeates 51 NOTES FROM MISOSYS is a publication of MISOSYS Inc PO Box 4848 Alexandria VA 22303 All material is copyright C 1984 by MISOSYS All rights reserved CP Mis a trademark of Digital Research Incorporated LDOS is a trademark of Logical Systems Incorporated TRS 80 and TRSDOS are trademarks of Tandy Corporation Issue 3 1 Notes from
38. ONVCPM and PRO CURE by providing additional formats These are 1 CONVCPMP FIX and PROCUREP FIX to enable reading of Lobo CP M 5 1 4 35 40 track and 8 512 byte formats These REPLACE the Lobo CP M 2 2 256 byte formats so if a user wants to be able to read both he she needs to keep both a patched and an un patched version around 2 CONVCPM8 FIX and PROCURE8 FIX to enable reading of Lobo 5 1 4 77 80 track format This REPLACES the Lobo 5 1 4 35 40 track format so if a user wants to be able to read both he she needs to keep both a patched and an un patched version around This patch can be applied BY ITSELF for the CP M 2 2 format for the CP M format it REQUIRES the application of patch 1 above 3 CONVCPMMFIX and PROCUREMFIX to add Pickles amp Trout Model Il CP M 2 2 SSDD 8 format The new parameter keywords are PTMOD2 or PT This last patch has been applied to the released version starting May 9th 1984 The first two patches follow however the third is too long to expect you to key in Thus if you need the M patch send for DISK NOTES Issue 3 11 Notes from MISOSYS CONVCPMP FIX patch CONVCPM CMD for Lobo CP M 512 byte formats R N Deglin 04 20 84 5 1 4 35 40 track DOE BO 28 00 02 04 09 09 00 8 77 track DOE D1 44 00 02 04 10 10 00 eop CONVCPM8 FIX patch OONVCPM CMD for Lobo CP M 2 and 3 5 1 4 77 and 80 track formats R N Deglin 04 20 84 DOE B7 04 10 00
39. PDS name and the member name This way the argument parser will still work properly If you use a blank before the member name you ll find that the PDS name alone gets parsed out as a command line argument Second if you use ZSHELL to redirect I O for LC compiled programs specify option KBECHO OFF as well as option REDIRECT OFF If you don t you ll get a copy of the standard input interspersed with the desired output The ZSHELL documentation doesn t mention this LC is all over the Globe Roger Merritt a C er from Thailand had some interesting words concerning the Shell sort as demonstrated in my SEESHELL program that was in NOTES Issue l Roger writes In the first issue of NOTES you gave a very nice little demo of the Shell sort which you called seeshell have been working on a disk cataloging program to send to the LC Interest Group and got diverted to a consideration of sorting For my program copied the quicksort routine from Kernighan amp Plaugher s SOFTWARE TOOLS but had some bugs and had to spend more time studying the darned thing than really wanted to As it happened when finally found the bug it was ridiculously simple and stupid aren t they all but in the process had written a demo program to try to follow what Quicksort was doing Actually what did was take your seeshell deleted shell and copied my routine in its place As expected Quicksort was a lot faster than shellsort and by ab
40. PROCURE CMD USING This fix adapts PROCURE for the revision to ontezuma Micro s 2 2 CP M third release D12 CC 02 03 06 07 OA OB OE OF 12 13 16 17 1A 1B 1E 1F 22 23 04 05 08 09 0C OD 10 11 14 15 18 19 1C 1D 20 21 24 25 F12 CC 02 03 OA 0B 12 13 1A 1B 22 23 06 07 OE OF 16 17 1E 1F 04 05 OC OD 14 15 1C 1D 24 25 08 09 10 11 18 19 20 21 End of patch It has been discovered that the diskette format used on the Model 4 for the Tandy release of CP M is identical to t he PC s CP M 86 diskette Thus if you want to transfer files from a Model 4 CP M diskette set PRO CURE or CONVCPM to the PC disk type The following are two patches for the CVTEXT program there s two for Model VIII under LDOS 5 x and two for TRSDOS 6 x CVTEXT51 and CVTEXT61 correct an error abort if the input file ends on a record boundary i e if it is missing the trailing X 1A EOF byte This situation can occur in CP M text files since the X 1A is necessary only if the file does not end on a record boundary CVTEXT52 and CVTEXT62 are applied to detect if the input and output filespecs are the same which can t be allowed for obvious reasons CVTEXT51 FIX Applied 05 09 84 effective 320162 patch CVTEXT CMD LDOS 5 1 x version ONLY Issue 3 10 Notes from MISOSYS correct EOF detection if input file ends on record boundary i e file does not have trailing X 1A D00 8E C3 99 54 00 00 DO2 74 CD 13 00 CA 54 52 FE 1C
41. PROPADS command file with the statements BUILD s PDS d M 10 APPEND S DIR S PDS PDS d APPEND sS LIST s PDS PDS d APPEND s COPY s PDS PDS d APPEND sS APPEND s PDS PDS d APPEND S KILL s PDS PDS d APPEND s RESTORE sS PDS PDS d APPEND s PURGE s PDS PDS d APPEND s BUILD s PDS PDS d PaDS users have probably at some time or another come across the Load file format error message when attempting to invoke a PaDS member with the DEBUG active Let me explain why this occurs When the PaDS Front End Loader FEL program is loaded and takes control it needs to scan the command line for the member name then search the member directory for a match The FEL makes use of the knowledge that since the system just loaded it the system s Command File Control Block is still accurate for the PaDS file s access and the system VO buffer contains the second sector of the file The FEL alters the NRN offset byte to point to the beginning of the member table the value is predetermined at the FEL s assembly time so that it can commence reading of the member table Unfortunately if DEBUG is active the system loads the DEBUG module SYS5 SYS which then takes control first The system uses the same VO buffer to read SYS5 SYS thus when control is passed to the FEL the I O buffer no longer contains the second sector of the PaDS file There is an easy solut
42. Publishers Inc Paul has a knack for keeping down to earth in his examples and discussions of C code I ll modestly mention that LC was one of the compilers used to prepare the text although MISOSYS is still misspelled in the book s preface Speaking of books if you happen to have a few hundred bucks burning a hole in your pocket and want to get your very own copy of THE SOURCE it should be available from Logical Systems THE SOURCE is the complete commented source code to their 6 2 release of LDOS alias TRSDOS 6 2 and LS DOS 6 2 It s published in three volumes the system the library the utilities at 95 per book or a special price for all three Now the set is not for everyone would recommend it for software developers system houses and the curious would also recommend it for libraries and educational institutions teaching operating system development Check with LSI at 414 355 5454 Before close THE BLURB have two last things to mention Our customers appear to have responded favorably to the colorful diskettes we now use to distribute software packages For some Issue 3 5 Notes from MISOSYS time now we have used the dark blue for Model VIII software and bright red for Model 4 software We are also planning to use bright yellow for Model 2000 packages These diskettes are packaged by Cenna Technology Other colors are available If you are interested in purchasing blank diskettes in clear plastic boxes of ten we will make
43. S documentation this bit is not used for anything so am using it to indicate that the disk has been SOLEd Moving on to page one of the QFB listing the only change on this page is to save GAT byte X CD from the source disk On page two have changed some EQU statements that came between load blocks to DS statements This is to preserve the correct amount of storage when the program is assembled with the changes made Page three contains the actual code to filter out the read request for sectors ten through seventeen of track zero on a SOLEd disk Since this same code is used by the program for reading sectors from both the source and destination disks the first few lines check the A register which will contain an X FF if the read request is for the source disk Issue 3 46 Notes from MISOSYS On page four have changed some more inter block EQU statements to DS statements and reserved one byte of storage for GAT byte X CD have so far used the fixed QFB to create nine duplicates of three double sided SOLEd disks then used COMP to compare the source and destination disks and every byte was the same on both disks You may want to pass this information on to other people who are trying to use SOLE on double sided disks SOLE1 ASM Page 1 Change code starting at 5223H to read as follows PUSH AF LD A HL PUSH AF AND 6 JR Z M525C POP AF OR 7 LD HL A POP AF CALL M5347 JR NZ M5257 LD HL M52B6 SOLE
44. The price for the MISOSYS 3 4 3 ring BINDER for 8 1 2 x 11 sheets is 10 f you are into the Model 4 you should investigate our PROfessional software series All products that are named beginning with PRO are for you We currently have quite a selection of top notch software for use with this DOS There is PRO ADE a two tier directory structure PRO LC a C language compiler and Macro assembler PRO CREATE a Macro assembler PRO CESS a load module maintenance utility PRO CON80Z a utility to translate 8080 source files to Z80 PRO CURE a utility to transfer files from CP M media to LDOS PRO HELP a help facility of reasonable size PRO IFC an interactive file control tool PRO MACH2 a file allocation package that lets you put it where you want PRO GENY a collection of four unique support utilities PRO PaDS a partitioned data set utility PRO ZCAT a disk cataloger PRO ZGRAPH a pixel graphic editor and printing Issue 3 2 Notes from MISOSYS package and the PROGRAMMER S GUIDE We also have the VRHARD hard disk driver package for both Model VIII LDOS 5 1 and LDOS 6 x By the time you are reading this issue of NOTES our TRSDOS to CP M file transfer utility should be available LCOPY is written by Richard N Deglin The package includes a version for use with CP M on the Model 4 and with the MAX 80 under CP M or CP M other machine versions may be implemented If you have need to transfer files from TRSDOS media to CP M co
45. age 30 of the DMP manual Thus a splotch sorta looks like a Roman numeral 10 or two equilateral triangles connected on one of the vertices The easiest way to handle that problem is to use the forms filter s soft form feed PR FLT for Model Ill The lines per page must be set to some number higher than EDAS page eject count use LINES 66 Now a new problem shows up Every time a new line is sent to the printer via the forms filter the line count is incremented So when you print something from EDAS that doesn t send a top of form character when it s done e g T command or an aborted print the forms filter thinks part of a page has been printed Now if you send an assembly listing to the printer the forms filter will form feed when the lines per page count is reached and EDAS will form feed some lines later none of them in the right place This totally messes up your listing So to solve this problem wrote the attached program to send a reset top of form control code to the forms filter It is loaded into the user patch space so it can be executed with EDAS Z command The program has a loader which finds the user patch space and stores the program there It is ORGed at 8000H so you can use the Q command from EDAS I wouldn t have any text in the buffer when you do this Model VIII users would have to apply a patch to the CMD file as the Q command is not as powerful as the Model 4 Q command If you think this program might be of any us
46. and QFB CMD The changes to QFB will allow it to work with double sided disks that have been SOLEd Included with this letter you will find screening data for QFB CMD a partial listing of SOLE1 CMD with my changes to it marked on it One of the changes to SOLE1 is to correct a hitherto undiscovered bug one is needed for my fix to QFB and the rest are purely gratuitous Starting out with SOLE1 the first change is to fix a potentially disastrous bug When SOLE1 checks to see if gran one of track zero is in use it does not check to see if gran two is in use Since that second gran is annihilated when track zero is reformatted if for any reason gran two is used without gran one being used the file occupying that gran would be lost This change will have SOLE1 check both grans one and two to see if they are allocated A second change is to the code that allocates all of track zero have changed it so that the three grans on the second side of the disk remain unallocated Moving on to page two the only change here is to an error message so that the message more accurately describes the detected error condition for the change on page one On page three have changed the code that locks out track zero so that the three grans on the second side of the disk remain usable Only gran two on side one is locked out now A second change on this page is used in conjunction with my fix for QFB This is to set bit seven of GAT byte X CD According to LDO
47. at individual I m sure that you can come up with other uses for multiple names actually called aliases Jim Kyle was mentioned earlier as someone working on his own front end loaders Jim also passed along a PDS JCL file that he uses to simulate UNIX style directories and subdirectories via PDS The JCL entries will extract update or create appropriate nested PDS files to hold his commercial utility Issue 3 43 Notes from MISOSYS package archives You can DO the file with no parameters to get immediate on line assistance Due to the length of this file only an extract of it to give you some flavor of his work will be printed here The entire file is part of DISK NOTES Jim uses partitioned data set files named according to a convention He uses an extension of PDS The filename actually is composed of two parts a tag field and an extension field that contains the extension of the files that have been appended to the PaDS apparently Jim segregates his PaDS files so they each hold only members of a given file type The following is an abbreviation of the PDS JCL file found on DISK NOTES PDS JCL Library 12 13 83 jwk Must call with ONE of these labels DO PDS GET PUT UPD FROM TO MAKE1 MAKE2 PACK GETHLP NO SYSTEM JCL GENERATED QUIT GET PDSGET JCL 12 12 83 jwk IEF C T N D USAGE do pds get t tag c ext n filename d drive QUIT END PDS C T C PDS N NE
48. at is if you sort an alphabetized list by a key other than the one used to alphabetize it the newly sorted list will still remain in alphabetical order within the groups formed by sorting with the new key This sort is not necessarily the most efficient stable sort available but it is certainly one of the simplest The shellsort is based on it and improves its speed but shellsort is not stable As implemented the sort will also sort on a field as well as the whole line or the first x characters of a line and does not distinguish between upper or lower case The sort is embedded in an input and output routine that comes almost straight out of chapter 5 of K amp R Using the sort with this routine which by the way could be sped up by pre allocating string space you can sort SCRIPSIT files by line or by parts of a line using redirection of course This allows you to use SCRIPSIT as a simple but flexible in memory data base manager The program will serve to sort any list or words or names or addresses etc and is another good example of how easy it is to use C to write useful multipurpose utilities sortesc 2 29 84 ajw K amp R page 1 6 modified to handle fields and to ignore case distinctions Also uses a straight insertion sort see Knuth which is a stable sort See sort for an explanation of the function s arguments Issue 3 26 Notes from MISOSYS LEAL include stdio c
49. atively if you want to purchase a Model VIll package and the equivalent PRO package at the same time you can order both program diskettes and one set of manuals while saving 25 of the second package price Now for the specials When we issue NOTES we provide special pricing for certain products for a limited period of time This practice is to reward our loyal customers with the opportunity to stock up on quality products at tremendous savings These specials will be strictly for our retail customers reading NOTES FROM MISOSYS These specials will last from now until July 31st 1984 non US customers have until August 30th Please note that the price does not include shipping Our normal shipping charges apply Issue 3 4 Notes from MISOSYS SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSssssssssssssssss You must mention NOTES to qualify SPECIAL PRICES UNTIL 07 31 84 S EDAS or PRO CREATE 75 note Z 80 QRC not included CMDFILE or PRO CESS 25 S MEBs e ana n a acne 25 PaDS or PRO PaDS 25 SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSsSsssssssss Here s one last special offer You should all be familiar with Karl Hessinger s work Karl has written a number of packages for us For at least nine months now Karl has been hacking away at a disk editor In fact he started working on it before LSI announced FED Il The Disk ED
50. called twice You could have code such as the following PUT16 LD A H PUSH HL CALL PUTS POP HL LD A L JP PUTS This takes the high order then low order bytes of the 16 byte value and passes each in turn to the PUT8 routine You could save 3 bytes of code by having the PUT8 routine as part of the PUT16 routine but still available for the 8 byte conversion This would look like the following PUT16 LD A H PUSH HL CALL PUT8 POP HL LD A L BUTS gt Carus titeatetes If this combined routine is to be part of your assembler source library it must be appended with a MAP You see this file has two entry points PUT16 and PUT8 They don t relate to addresses the way they do for CMD files However the MAP entry MUST have a value in the transfer address field So you dummy an entry with any value a zero will suffice An appropriate MAP line will look like the following PUTBYTES ASM PUT16 0 PUT8 0 Another reason for using a MAP to append a file is to provide it with more than one member name For instance let s say you were using a small bring up file data base application written using LC This was for a small office where you had a few people using it One program would suffice by being in a PaDS with a member name for each person Thereby the program could determine who was accessing it strictly by the program s member name which was obtainable via LC s argv retrieval The application could then automatically select the data for th
51. de at M5BBF LD OR JR PUSH Cery ljo Qq W t H E O H mM G G O Ey tu NOSKIP as Q H SKIP Qwagq M5BCD OPAUVUAPODODVUAVUDAHDUAHUDA C W D xX E Notes from MISOSYS un 1 80 32 Parameter error ODH label M5BBF to read as follows A A Z M5BD2 AF OFFH NZ NOSKIP A SAVGAT 7 A A NOSKIP A D A NZ NOSKIP A E 10 Cy 18 C NOSKIP AF 5BCD AF 5C6A M5BCD M568A OSKIP Z 6 Z SFE A QFB ASM Page 4 Change EQUates and add as follows M5CAB DS M5CA9 DS SAVEGAT DS M5CAA DB Remember the above changes are available on the DISK NOTES diskette The source to SOLE1 ASM is also included Implementing this procedure will require you to have access to orrr AH 07H 00H 05H 01H 06H DSMBLR Version Ill and an assembler preferably EDAS ZCAT and PRO ZCAT This disk cataloger is PATCH ZCAT great for your LDOS 5 x or TRSDOS 6 x disk collection Once you go through the efforts of cataloging your files you will find that putting your hands on that file needed right now will be an easy task know of at least one PRO ZCAT user who has about 100 diskettes in his collection cataloged with this application know this because of a report that the second screen display for the directory of disks is off by one line it takes a catalog of over 70 or so disks to even require two screens on a model 4 Thus the
52. e other thing to do is advise them to pre allocate space for JOB LOG files and the pipe files in the case of ZSHELL Thus if the pipe files are pre allocated the problem will not materialize The next release of ZSHELL will pre allocate the pipes CONTRIBUTIONS The CONVDOS program provided in Issue Il has been improved so that the REMOVE parameter works without requiring you to re establish the logical drive Rather than repeat the hex listing the new file as well as its assembler source is included on the DISK NOTES Issue Ill CONVDOS is used to be able to read files off of a DBLDOS or NEWDOS80 double density disk The LDOS community has long relished the LSCRIPT patch to Model SCRIPSIT which provided useful features Such as a directory command direct output of printer codes use of LDOS type ahead keyboard command revamping allowing use of KSM and more Well since was the individual responsible for putting all of that together decided to implement a patch to Model 4 SCRIPSIT which supported those types of features This patch turns SCRIPSIT into MSCRIPT since it is implemented by MISOSYS It consists of three patches MPATCH1 MPATCH2 and MPATCHS What does MPATCH provide First it provides a lt BREAK gt Q command that gives you access to all TRSDOS 6 library commands With this you can invoke the directory command free device remove and other library commands In fact any utility that executes and uses only the library
53. e files Q Execute DOS command R Rename files S_ Select new drive Press any key to continue ORDERING INFORMATION IFC For the TRS 80 Models VIll 4 with LDOS 5 1 PRO IFC For use with LDOS TRSDOS Version 6 i e Model 4 Issue 3 8 Notes from MISOSYS CMD FILE PRO CESS Version 2 Let me start this column with a patch Incidentally if you Model VIII users think that you missed CMDFILE1 FIX don t think that The first patch was applied before CMDFILE was released CMDFILE2 FIX 01 11 84 Roy Soltoff Applied 520025 This fix corrects the New transfer address function of the WRITE menu command DOF 30 CD 64 EA 34 OF 6B CD D1 68 WAS 06 04 7E CD D1 66 23 10 F9 D17 EC 3E 02 CD 01 68 3E 02 CD Ol 68 3A OE 6B C3 01 68 WAS 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 End of patch PROCESS3 FIX 01 11 84 Roy Soltoff Applied 520051 This fix corrects the New transfer address function of the WRITE menu command DOD DC CD A3 45 3A 3E 46 CD D4 43 FOD DC 06 04 7E CD D4 43 23 10 F9 D15 F4 3E 02 CD D4 43 F15 F4 00 00 00 00 00 D15 FD 3E 02 CD D4 43 3A 3D 46 C3 D4 43 F15 FD 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 End of patch Those of you with DSMBLR or PRO DUCE can easily use CMDFILE in most cases to reorganize those CMD programs that have non sequential load blocks After processing the CMD program the screening text data of the disassembler will not g
54. e indirection operator asterisk is used to access the array element in both loops since a only returns the address of the element By writing a function with which to access a data structure we are actually using a modern technique called object oriented design This technique calls for hiding the details of a data structure by defining functions which are the exclusive method for accessing the data structure In this way the actual method of storing the data is not important to the programmer using these access functions Besides simplifying a program s design object oriented design allows the actual storage method used to be changed without affecting the programs that access the object This concept of object oriented design has been built right in to a computer language called Ada The Department of Defense spent lots of our taxpayer dollars inventing Ada to the be the standard language used by DoD and its contractors In the Ada language a series of functions to access a certain data structure or machine facility is called a PACKAGE An Ada package does not just consist of the access functions an integral part of a package is an interface section This tells both user and system how to access the functions in the package In this way Ada can be used to write self documenting programs Let s look now at what a package could look like In C For our example let s assume that you are a teacher and you want to use your system to comp
55. e to anyone else feel free to give them a copy TOFZ Program to send top of form code to forms filter with EDAS Z command PRT EQU 6 TOF EQU 6 ORG 8000H START LD HL ZCMD LD DE 3609H LD BC LENGTH LDIR RE ZCMD LD A PRT LD C TOF RST 40 RE LENGTH EQU ZCMD END START Joe Williams in Brussels with the military supplied me with a great idea for using EDAS something other than as an assembler It turns out that Joe is a big KSM fan he needed a reasonably efficient way to input and maintain KSM files This was especially true since Joe developed a patch to Model Ill KSM FLT to provide key stroke multiplication for A Z and shifted A Z Joe submitted the patch and accompanying article covering a major use for enhancing SCRIPSIT to LSI for publication in the LSI Journal therefore won t go into the entire procedure but will cover a little about Joe s use of EDAS He writes The method propose is as follows first using EDAS create a CIM file e g a file without CMD file load modules with the KSM file extension if you like using the Cl switch which allows an easy mixture of standard ASCII control codes alpha numerical codes and extended ASCII codes those above code 128 Also using EDAS the source to the KSM file can be easily edited It is much easier to understand this if you take a look at the ESCRIPT ASM file An excerpt of this file is shown later I
56. e value is predetermined at the FEL s assembly time so that it can commence reading of the member table Well this is the instruction that does the job Note that the NRN offset is relative byte 5 of the FCB Register IX is pointing to that FCB thus the instruction alters the NRN offset value Now what value do we want to place in the NRN offset When the FEL takes control the system s VO buffer contains the sector that holds the last byte of the FEL s transfer address Since the system loader uses sector I O the NRN offset is always going to be zero when the FEL takes control This offset value needs to be changed so that it points to the first byte following the transfer address This value can be calculated by determining the quantity of bytes that the FEL itself takes up Let s break down the summation in the instruction s operand field and see just how this value is predetermined at assembly time Since each load block record adds a 4 byte header and EDAS generates 256 byte load blocks PAGES calculates the number of bytes taken up by load block headers FELLEN adds in the byte length of the FEL itself The COM statement takes up 35 bytes 33 for the message and 2 for the header The NAME header that is the first part of the Issue 3 41 Notes from MISOSYS file takes 8 bytes and the transfer address record is 4 bytes If all of these values are added together you then strip the high order byte and the result is the NRN offset If you
57. el 4 double density 256 byte sectors 13 Morrow Micro Decision double density 14 NEC PC 8001A double density 15 Omikron Mapper single density 16 Osborne One single density 17 Standard IBM 3740 8 inch single density CP M format 18 Xerox 820 1 single density a Xerox 820 2 double density 20 TRS 80 Model 4 CP M same as 6 If you currently have the CONVCPM version 1 x and want to upgrade to the CONVCPM version 2 x please return your CONVCPM master diskette with 20 A version 2 package will be returned to you Note that there is no offer to upgrade from CONVCPM 1 x to PRO CURE Sometime after the first release of Montezuma Micro s CP M our M4 code for the Model 4 they changed the sector interleave Since our CONVCPM 2 x supported the original M4 interleave it doesn t work on the new interleave The following patches update CONVCPM and PRO CURE to the new M4 interleave Note from your registration number whether the patch has already been applied CONVCPM1 FIX 02 24 84 Applied 320155 PATCH CONVCPM CMD USING This fix adapts CONVCPM for the revision to Montezuma Micro s 2 2 CP M third release D13 F5 02 03 06 07 OA OB OE OF 12 13 16 17 1A 1B 1E 1F 22 23 04 05 08 09 0C OD 10 11 14 15 18 19 1C 1D 20 21 24 25 WAS 02 03 OA 0B 12 13 1A 1B 22 23 06 O07 OE OF 16 17 1E 1F 04 05 OC OD 14 15 TC 1D 24 25 08 09 10 11 18 19 20 21 End of patch PROCURE1 FIX 02 24 84 Applied 320023 PATCH
58. er movement DOO 95 18 Deactivate DENSE parameter WAS 28 D02 DE 05 Change to 5 feeds of 1 32 WAS 10 D03 2D 32 Chang scape sequence to 1 32 from 1 216 WAS 33 End of patch DMP2006A FIX 02 23 84 Patch for RSBINCAT TRSDOS 6 X Version Models 4 etc This fix allows RSBINCAT to support the Radio Shack DMP 200 printer which does NOT support 1 216 line feed After th patch is applied the DENSE parameter is ineffective sinc DENSE requires use of the 1 216 line feed paper movement D00 69 18 F00 69 28 Issue 3 49 Notes from MISOSYS D02 BE 05 F02 BE 10 D03 09 32 F03 09 33 End of patch ZSHELL The following is a suggestion from David Lamkins concerning the use of ZSHELL to redirect VO for LC compiled programs specify option KBECHO OFF as well as option REDIRECT OFF If you don t you ll get a copy of the standard input interspersed with the desired output While I m talking about LC and ZSHELL in the same breath don t forget the if you have ZSHELL installed and wish to invoke an LC compiled program using its VO redirection assuming you didn t compile it with REDIRECT OFF you can pass the command line through ZSHELL by starting it with a double quote This was mentioned in NOTES Il David also brought another problem with ZSHELL to our attention He inadvertently entered a text file specification i
59. et confused CON80Z PRO CON80Z As reported in the last issue of NOTES Bernd Jung of Dusseldorf West Germany reported a few problems with the CON80Z program that apparently slipped by our testing Two of the five bugs can be fixed by patches however since three of the five cannot decided to correct my source and reassemble Therefore we are shipping CON80Z version 1 1 and PRO CON80Z version 1 1 If you are currently using a 1 0 version copy of CON80Z and wish to obtain the corrected version 1 1 please return your master diskette in a protective mailer There will not be a charge for the update to your disk CONVCPM PRO CURE The current version of CONVCPM and PRO CURE is version 2 This release expands the supported CP M media types over version 1 x We now support the transfer of files from the following CP M single sided diskette formats No double sided formats are supported All formats are 5 inch mini floppy 35 or 40 track unless specifically noted otherwise Cromemco Z 2 double density DEC VT 180 double density Heath Zenith H89 single density soft sectored Heath Zenith Z 100 double density Holmes VID80 double density IBM Personal Computer CP M 86 double density Kaypro II double density LNW 80 double density Rs Mis cL ed Reason ful eam Issue 3 9 Notes from MISOSYS 9 Lobo MAX 80 5 inch double density 10 Lobo MAX 80 8 inch double density 11 Memory Merchant Shuffle Board double density 12 Montezuma Micro Mod
60. f their invoice if the LC was purchased from other than MISOSYS For those customers requesting the return shipment to outside of North America please remit an additional 2 00 Let me expand a little on the functions that are included and changes to existing functions First the low level UNIX type file VO functions open close read write and seek should operate exactly as described in K amp R Don t forget that seek is not the same as Iseek Since LC doesn t support longs implemented seek An additional feature of seek is that it provides as a return code the current position of the file the block position for a block seek and the block offset position for an offset seek Creat functions according to K amp R except that it uses only the all others field of the pmode argument to establish the protection level under LDOS or TRSDOS 6 The low level file O functions reference a file via a FILE DESCRIPTOR FD not a file pointer There is a similarity between an FD to the data set reference numbers found in FORTRAN FD s are numbers such as 0 1 2 There is a relationship between FD s and FP s The two functions fpup and fdown convert a file descriptor to a file pointer and vice versa respectively The fflush function can be used to write all buffered output to disk as well as update the directory s EOF while ferror is used Issue 3 21 Notes from MISOSYS to obtain the last error code encountered on a
61. first page had one extra line D04 8F FF Change reset to 1 from 0 WAS 00 D25 97 3D C2 BF Alter PAGE pseudo OP to 0 reset WAS B7 C2 BD End of patch EDAS419 FIX 02 13 84 Applied 821066 This corrects EDAS418 FIX for Model III users DOO 87 10 WAS 11 X 5258 DOO 8A C0 WAS BE X 525B D00 8F BD WAS BE X 5260 D04 48 00 WAS 34 X 5877 FE 38 CO 3E 00 77 D04 88 21 CF 56 34 TE WAS 3A CF 56 FE 38 CO 3E 00 32 CF 56 X 5BB7 DOD FB D0 56 AF 77 2B 3E 00 77 WAS CF 56 AF 77 23 D12 87 21 CF 56 C3 BF 77 3E 00 X 650A 58 WAS ZEROES X 6986 D25 97 B7 C2 86 69 WAS PREVIOUSLY PATCHED TO 3D CA BF 5B END OF PATCH EDAS420 FIX 04 06 84 Applied 821116 Fixes the 1 command after it was broken by EDAS419 FIX PATCH EDAS D08 69 BD The byte values wer D08 76 BD 88 XREF5A FIX 01 31 84 Applied 821048 XREF CMD Version 4 1la This fix corrects XREF so that it doesn t generate 256 spaces on a line containing a label that is 15 characters long A second bug where an I O error was erroneously displayed is also corrected with D02 3F CD 4D 59 00 00 WAS CD 99 58 10 FB D06 DO 04 05 C8 CD 99 WAS 00 00 00 00 00 this TIX 58 10 FB C9 00 00 00 00 XREF5B FIX 03 30 84 Applied 821113 Patch corrects bug of some symbols occasionally missing references PATCH XREF DO1 64 E6 OF 4F
62. g a copy of that program you may want to pass it along if any one contacts you with a similar problem When looked at the program commented to Jeffrey that thought the program should have a DI before switching out the ROM and an El after restoring everything to normal with the patched low memory RAM Jeff said There are no DI or El instructions in the program because they are not needed When select RAM output a 6 decimal to the memory management port 31 decimal This sets bits one and two According to LNW documentation setting bit one of this port will enable RAM from zero to X 3700 Setting bit two will turn off the maskable interrupts I ve tested this it works Issue 3 15 Later on output a 130 decimal which sets bits one and seven and resets bit two Bit seven write Notes from MISOSYS protects the RAM from zero to X 2FFF Jeff also added code to put a jump to the DEBUG entry point in the NMI vector at 66H He says it is extremely useful when debugging assembly language programs This could be deleted from the code if you do not want it LNW80II ASM This program was written by Jeffrey McLean Revised on February 3 1984 This program will move the ROM of the LNW 80 model two to RAM and then patch it so that EDAS and probably many other programs will work on it EXIT ABORT DSPLY HIGHS DEBUG START CONT1 EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU ORG OR UT UT D p
63. get a diskette that appears to be unreadable because the diskette does not turn in the jacket let me remind you of the ball point pen trick Bill Schroeder first clued me in to this Hold the diskette on edge and gently rub the barrel of a pen along the edge Do this for all four sides of the diskette Invariably the edge compression will abate and the diskette will turn freely Issue 3 3 Notes from MISOSYS Another problem that has come up concerns only our non US retail customers and the payment for merchandise ordered with foreign checks a foreign check is a check that is not drawn against an American bank Since our commercial bank has started to deduct an excessive fee to clear foreign checks we will no longer accept checks drawn on a foreign bank as payment for retail orders Our foreign customers are urged to use either MasterCard or VISA credit card accounts International Postal Money Orders foreign bank checks drafts drawn against an American bank or cash sent certified and registered we would prefer any of the first three methods over cash Speaking of our non US customers are you aware that MISOSYS products are available directly from dealers outside of the United States By arranging your purchase direct from the dealer in your country you may find much faster service and less hassle from customs The following are MISOSYS authorized dealers COMPUTEREISE JSOFT 55 Elizabeth Street P O Box 1437 Brisbine Queensland 400
64. granule requirements covering all media formats supported by the DOS HANDY is a fast space allocator that uses its own optimum space algorithm to generate files with a minimum number of extents Out of the set of programs we have found one minute bug in CALC Therefore fix your LDOS 5 x version of CALC by applying the following patch PATCH CALC D02 A8 00 This patch was applied on April 5 1984 starting with 540041 If you are using PROMACH2 use this patch on CALC PATCH CALC D02 B5 00 F02 B5 23 This patch was also applied on April 5th 1984 starting with 450021 PaDS PRO PaDS Version 1 0 Let s start the PaDS column with a few patches To begin with when I recently worked on the 1 2 release of PRO LC I noticed that each library member had one extra byte after the CTL Z CTL Z is used for an end of file character in assembler source The extra byte would not cause any adverse behavior for any operation however it would add one byte per module In a 100 member LC library that extra 100 bytes could cause the file to grow another granule of disk space therefore traced the problem and discovered a jump NC instruction that needed changing to a jump NZ This problem exists only in PRO PaDS NOT the Model I Ill release of PaDS The following direct patch corrects this problem in PRO PADS PPADSC FIX Applied starting 220085 Patch directly from DOS Ready via PATCH PDS PDS D20 8B 20 F20 8B 30 The following D patch is agai
65. ion to the problem short of rewriting the FEL If you SYSRES the SYS5 SYS module via a SYSTEM SYSRES 5 the system does not have to use the VO buffer to load the DEBUG module Therefore if you want to debug a PaDS member just SYSRES the debugger first Sidney Bloom of Maryland writes Just a few comments on the PDS assume there is a technical reason which mandates the second convention when adding information to a PDS command member for execution i e s d 1 as opposed to s d 1 which does not work It would save time to have a space automatically substituted for the second Also could the be changed to a lower case character such as This too would facilitate entry of the PDS parameter Sidney s request seemed straightforward enough took a look at the Front End Loader and came up with the following patches to accommodate his request NOTE these patches are not numbered and will not be applied by MISOSYS to any PaDS disk Issue 3 36 Notes from MISOSYS PaDS patch to not require closing DOO0 47 21 38 was OD 28 D17 44 21 38 was OD 28 PaDS patch to change the initial to c DOO 32 c was D17 2F c was PRO PaDS patch to not require closing D00 4D 21 38 FO0O 4D 0D 28 D1C F4 21 38 F1C F4 0D 28 PRO PaDS patch to change the initial to c DOO 32 c FOO 32 DIC DITO F1Cc D9 Now if you have a PaDS file that you created using PDS BUI
66. itor or DED for short is a sector oriented screen editor that gives you control of editing a disk on a cylinder sector basis instead of a file basis The catch is that DED s command syntax and screen display are virtually identical to FED version The biggie with DED is that it is written in C using the LC compiler Versions of DED are available for the Model 4 Models VIII under LDOS and the MAX 80O DED comes on a 40 track double density LDOS disk and includes the COMPLETE SOURCE CODE So how do you get DED It s easy From now until August 31st 1984 you qualify for a copy of DED by purchasing any one of the following programs ADE GRASP IFC LC MACH2 ZCAT ZGRAPH ZSHELL or any of their equivalent PRO series packages Only one copy of DED to a customer If you qualify you must ask for your free copy of DED Don t want to qualify but still want DED Almost as easy send one diskette in a Radio Shack mailer with return postage and we will dupe you a copy of DED and return your package to you Again this offer is good until August 31st 1984 After that date you may just have to buy DED Don t forget that we are also open to receive small articles concerning the use of any MISOSYS product We will make every attempt to publish your item in the next issue Also contributed programs are acceptable For those newcomers to the C language you might just learn a little if you get ahold of Paul Chirlian s latest book INTRODUCTION TO C by Matrix
67. king on her fourth lower tooth She could still use some more hair Being blond it really takes some time to notice it I m not sure if her typing has improved Witness this gt e ntxxvwwwvwbbcc lt Now that vertical bar must have been a toughie Stacey and Brenda spent Easter Passover in Florida while was left home to work on the house Stacey was taken to see her grandparents her great grandparents and some cousins along with uncles and aunts NOTICE MISOSYS inc expects to be moving to larger quarters between June 21st and June 30th Our new telephone number will be 703 450 4181 Our new mailing address will be MISOSYS Inc P 0 Box 239 Sterling VA 22170 0239 That s it for this issue Stay tuned to this channel Issue 3 6 Notes from MISOSYS ADE and PRO ADE by Karl A Hessinger and Roy Soltoff f you are using large capacity storage devices and are always running out of file slots you need assistance If your files remain relatively static our Partitioned Data Set utility is most likely the solution to your problem However if your files are dynamic ADE comes to your rescue With ADE you can emulate smaller sized floppy drives on your larger drives ADE creates files that look like disk drives The ADE driver interfaces these floppy files to the DOS via a drive number ADE supports as many floppies as you can fit on your physical disk drive With each additional ADE floppy you gain from 48
68. le return i PERL writelines lineptr nlines write output lines char lineptr int nlines Issue 3 27 Notes from MISOSYS while nlines gt 0 printf Ss n lineptrt t PERS sortl v nlines argc argv Straight insertion sort stable Knuth III p 81 unsigned argc char v argv into increasing order int nlines int i j char temp for i l i lt nlines i for j i l j gt 0 j if fldemp v j v j 1 argc argv lt 0 break temp v j vE v jt1l v j 1 temp fldemp 2 25 84 ajw Compares fields in sl and s2 using and returning same values as strcmp Field placement is the pos and count of strmid Case distinctions are ignored This version takes none one or two arguments No arg whole line is sorted One arg sort lines on the first X number of chars indicated by the argument Two args sort lines on the field indicated by the arguments First argument start of the field base 0 Second argument the length of the field AS fldcmp s1 s2 argc argv unsigned argc char argv sl l l s2 JERY static char fld1 MAXLEN fld2 MAXLEN int pos count pos and count in strmid int errcode LERN if argc 1 allupper s1 allupper s2 return strcmp s1 s2 else if argc 2 pos 0 atoi argv 1 strmid fld1 sl pos count
69. make any changes to the FEL the calculation achieved by this instruction will still be accurate One subject concerning the PaDS that Is still mysterious to some users is the concept of the MAP file Before discuss MAP files let me cover the steps that are taken by PaDS when appending a file to a partitioned data set An append operation is requested from a command such as PDS A source file pdsfile pds After parsing the command line the pdsfile is opened and tested to ensure that it is a PaDS file Its member and ISAM directory tables are then read into memory Next the file that is to be appended is opened If this file is a MAP file different steps are taken The name to be used for the MEMBER specification is taken to be the file name field of the source file specification Thus the member name is predetermined and is always going to be the file name of the appending file This file is then read into memory and examined to determine if its an executable program file or not Three items must pass the CMD teat for the file to be treated as an executable program file the extension must be CMD the first character must be a X 05 or an X 01 and the fourth from last character must be the transfer address record indicator of X 02 This last test means that CMD files that have an incorrect end of file indicator in the directory will not be considered to be CMD files You can examine this aspect by listing the file in hex using the LIST co
70. mmand of the DOS The last four characters should be 02 02 LL HH where LL HH are the low and high order bytes of the program s entry point CMDFILE or PROCESS can be used to fix any CMD program with an invalid EOF The file is then appended to the PaDS If it is a CMD file the transfer address record is modified to convert it into a form used by the DOS for detecting the end of an ISAM member during its invocation The PaDS directory is then updated in memory then written back to the PaDS file If you take a look at the PPADSD FIX step 5 be aware that the eight append invocations force eight loadings of the append module eight readings of the directory eight files appended and eight writings of the directory because the append module is invoked eight times If we use a MAP file to append the files It would look like this DIR CMD DIR 2600 LIST CMD LIST 2600 COPY CMD COPY 2600 PPEND CMD APPEND 2600 ILL CMD KILL 2600 ESTORE CMD RESTORE 2600 URGE CMD PURGE 2600 UILD CMD BUILD 2600 WUD NR PY Each line specifies the name of a file that is to be appended to the PaDS a name to be used as the member specification the same as the file name in this case and an entry point or transfer address This MAP file could be used for the appending by being invoked with the command APPEND REDOPPAD MAP PDS PDS MAP assuming the map file was named REDOPPAD MAP Two things are evident he
71. mputer to continue with the requested operation responded You are correct in that the EDAS manual does indeed state a use for the protected memory being for in memory assemblies Unfortunately that has not been valid for a long time and the two related statements have not been removed from the manual will get that corrected on the next printing The MEM parameter was originally implemented to provide a means of protecting high memory from use by EDAS when it was not protected via HIGH This function matches the M parameter used in BASIC For some unknown reason the EDAS manual contains some erroneous statements concerning the use of the MEM parameter to set up space for an in memory assembly don t think that any version of EDAS ever performed in this manner therefore the offending remarks will be removed from the manual Jeffrey raised another point that EDAS does not guard against your entering a MEM value that exceeds the current value of HIGH Since patch space is at a premium won t implement a patch to inhibit that but will wait until the next re assembly of EDAS There could be a rare occasion when a PAUSE SHIFT would be entered prior to a command EDAS uses the KFLAG scanner in LDOS for its BREAK PAUSE detection When EDAS cycles for its command entry it calls a routine to reset the BREAK and PAUSE bits of KFLAG This routine performs a sequence of RESET pause for about 1 2 second then tests to ensure the bits are
72. multiple system modules from a single command line It essentially generates a JCL file which it then invokes with a cmdi function know that some of you may have tried to SYSRES Issue 3 22 Notes from MISOSYS system modules from an LC program via the cmd function however that cannot be done why later First Mike s RES CCC lt lt RES Ldos Sysres Utility gt gt res nl n2 n3 etc creates a file called resfile jcl with SYSRES statements for overlays nl n2 etc This is then DO ed asm COM lt LDOS Multiple SYSRES Utility by Mike Lewis Sep 1983 gt endasm include stdio csh option INLIB option FPLIB OFF option FIXBUFS ON option REDIRECT OFF option MAXFILES 1 define TI LDOS Multiple SYSRES Utility n define T2 Copyright C Mike Lewis Sep 1983 n define T3 Written in LC a C implementation from MISOSYS n define T4 Assembled with EDAS IV from MISOSYS n define T5 LC Library Copyright 1982 James J Frimmel n n main argc argv int argc char argv int c fp char buf 100 puts xlc xlf puts T1 title puts T2 puts T3 puts T4 puts T5 r r if argc lt 2 puts nFormat is RES nl n2 n3 n exit 0 fp fopen resfile jcl w while argc gt 1 buf 0 0x0 t argv strcat buf SYSTEM SYSRES strcat buf argv strceat buf n puts Submit
73. n even though another key may generate the code value of X 60 it will NOT be detected as PAUSE Both the source and object code files for FKEY are on DISK NOTES The source listing follows for those that may just want to look at the code FKEY ASM 05 03 84 2 kx k x Program to set function key codes in TRSDOS 6 x A Use FKEY DEFAULT F1 ddd S1 ddd Sn shifted Fn Formats Fn c Fn ddd Fn x hh Released to public domain by Roy Soltoff 04 13 84 F1 EQU 0 sl EQU 1 F2 EQU 2 S2 EQU 3 F3 EQU 4 S3 EQU 5 ORG 2600H FKEY PUSH HL Save command pointer LD HL HELLOS LD A 10 DSPLY RST 40 POP HL LD DE PRMTBLS Get parameter values LD A 17 PARAM RST 40 JP Z PRMERR LD DE KIMODS Locate KI driver data area LD A 83 GTMOD RST 40 JP Z KIERR LD HL 32 Index to function key table ADD HL DE PUSH HL Save on stack LD IX PRMTBL 4 Test if user wants to LD A IX F1 6 A default to system values OR IX S1 6 OR IX F2 6 OR IX S2 6 Issue 3 52 DPARM MOVKEYS OOH EO O O v DD zoo ii MOV6 DSPLP EXIT ijo OP USH LD LDIR POP LD LD PUSH LD ADD CALL CALL POP DJNZ tg RST CHGKEY PARSE PARSE2 HE Q IT DWUOWWDOHHHHHE E KEYS 1 J Gl
74. n lieu of a program for a piped command line This resulted in a crash that was beyond the control of ZSHELL since it relates to an inherent and long lasting bug in LDOS version 5 The following scenario describes the chain of events that occurred ZSHELL was installed and directed the pipe files to a disk drive default of drive 0 ZSHELL did not request that the pipe files Z0 PIP and Z1 PIP be allocated with any file space The command line was parsed and ZSHELL set up for piping It did this by redirecting the DO output to the first pipe file ZO PIP in that case It also set up linkage to the system and set an internal pipe flag ZSHELL then invoked the CMNDI system call with the revised command line just the text filespec LDOS acted on the CMNDI and invoked RUN of the program RUN invoked LOAD LDOS attempted to load the file and detected a load file format error since it was not a CMD file The LOAD routine set the abort flag and then passed the error back to RUN which then passed control to the ERROR system call with the flag set for ERROR to exit to ABORT The ERROR module is in SYS4 SYS It transmitted the error message string through LOGOT which sends it to both DSPLY and any active JOB LOG Since DSPLY sent the character string a byte at a time via PUT to the video DCB this video output was redirected by ZSHELL to the pipe file the same as if the output came from the assumed executing program ZSHELL used PUT to
75. n only for PRO PADS Invoke the D patch procedure after applying PPADSC FIX Apparently some patch code that was applied to PDS prior to its release never got into the source code used to derive PRO PADS The patch dealt with the updating of the PDS directory after a PDS PURGE operation was performed To correct this bug it is necessary to re build your PRO PADS file A Job Control Language JCL procedure called REDOPPAD JCL is included on the DISK NOTES that will accomplish all that is necessary The JCL performs the following procedure note s refers to a source drive which will contain the PROPADS members d refers to a destination drive which contains a working copy of the current PROPADS file 1 Copy the PURGE member out of PRO PADS via PDS C PDS PURGE PURGE S 2 Apply the PPADSD FIX as follows PATCH PURGE S PPADSD FIX PPADSD FIX 04 05 84 Applied 220085 PATCH TO PROPADS PURGE Issue 3 35 Notes from MISOSYS X 2920 CD 01 2C X 2C01 2B 2B 2B 2B 2B 36 00 21 00 30 C9 END OF PATCH 3 Copy the remaining members out of PROPADS via the commands PDS DIR DIR s PDS LIST LIST s PDS COPY COPY s PDS APPEND APPEND sS PDS PDS PDS KILL KILL s RESTORE RESTORE s BUILD BUILD s WU W yy ww UO n 4 Remove the old working copy of PROPADS via the command REMOVE PDS CMD PDS d 5 Finally rebuild the
76. ntact us about LCOPY s availability and pricing If you are into the old reliable Model VIII including the Max 80 MISOSYS has an excellent selection of software products Virtually all of our PRO series are available in Model VIll packages In fact we even have a few packages that are not available yet in the PRO series Let me say that if you are currently using Microsoft s M 80 assembler which generates relocatable code files REL or FORTRAN 80 COBOL 80 or BASCOM you need MLIB MLIB is a librarian for creating building managing and maintaining relocatable libraries MLIB as supplied by MISOSYS picks up where Microsoft left off Since Microsoft has never supplied their librarian as is done with the price inflated CP M packages TRS 80 users have never had the librarian capability You can get it now with MLIB as well as get readable documentation which describes the REL format MLIB works with LDOS or TRSDOS When you read through this issue of NOTES you will find offers to update CONVCPM ZSHELL ZGRAPH LC 1 1 and PRO CREATE 4 1a Other products may have patches identified to either correct known bugs or add improvements Unless otherwise specified any time that you want to return a diskette to get the most recent copy of your version release i e 1 1 1 2 1 3 etc and not 1 1 to 2 1 instead of applying the patches yourself you may return the diskette in a protective mailer with 5 per diskette Now let me repeat my statemen
77. of the people who purchase the LC compiler will encounter it Perhaps should mention that wouldn t have taken time to explore this area except for an article by George Blank in Softside magazine a few years ago in which he criticized the Shell Metzner sort on this very ground However the program he gave was in BASIC and the language makes it hard to follow the algorithm Roger went on to say that he was trying to get a disk containing the Quicksort and Shellsort versions to the LCIG follow this discussion on sorting with the updated copy of SEESHELL actually a version that does an ascending sort followed by a descending sort This version of Seeshell has been modified to function on a Model 4 using PRO LC The example also illustrates using a function for the ordering test to support both ascending and descending sorts seeshell ccc by Roy Soltoff modified by R A Merritt according to recommendation in Art of Computer Pro gramming Vol 3 Sorting amp Searching by Donald R Knuth Ef include stdio cah option args OFF option redirect OFF option maxfiles 0 option fplib define CRT 0xf800 Use 0x3c00 for Model I III define SIZE 1920 Use 1024 for Model I III main char v v1l 4 v2 4 int i n c ascend decend CRT address and screen size v CRT n SIZE cls Use following ASM code for PRO LC on Model 4 only asm DI LD A 78H AND OFCH OR 2 OUT 84H
78. out the proportion expected based on Donald Knuth s analysis in Vol 3 That is your shellsort s time was proportional to N 1 5 while Ouicksort was proportional to N logN where log means log to the base 2 However Knuth indicated shellsort could be considerably improved to about N 1 36 by proper selection of the gap By this time had gotten curious enough to give it a try because Quicksort compiled to quite a lot more code modified shellsort to select the gap according to Knuth s recommendation was appalled at the result By my very rough timing the original seeshell takes about 26 26 seconds to sort 1024 characters The unmodified version of Quicksort takes about 12 seconds The modified shellsort only takes about 14 seconds suppose that you a professional won t be surprised at this result though you may be interested by the magnitude of the difference actually Roger a professional can t possibly know everything about everything indeed found your findings quite useful and deserving a pat on the Issue 3 24 Notes from MISOSYS back However you might like to pass the modification on to the readers of NOTES economical too at a rough estimate Quicksort compiles to about 500 bytes more code It also has the prestige of having been used as the example by Kernighan amp Ritchie and of course by you The modification isn t very complex and the improvement is truly remarkable but suspect that few
79. re First using MAP it is possible to have the member name be different from the file name since the member name is explicitly specified rather than being implicit in the case of not using MAP Second the transfer address must be known since it has to be entered on the MAP line Another thing that may not be Issue 3 42 Notes from MISOSYS evident is that the MAP method will result in a faster operation where a number of files are to be appended as in this case For instance in this example the append module will be invoked once The PaDS file s directory will be read once Each file to be appended will be read and then written to the PaDS The directory will be updated only in memory The directory will be written once Thus file VO which is the slowest part of the operation will be minimized The PaDS manual states If multiple entry points are required then you must prepare a MAP file which is used to append the member to the PDS What does this mean multiple entry points NOTES Issue discussed this topic in the case of the COPY and APPEND library commands Another concept of this is related to data files or to be appropriate assembler source routines stored in a PaDS for access via the SEARCH directive of EDAS You may have occasion to develop an assembler routine that can be entered at more than one label As a for instance consider a routine that unpacks an 8 byte value It can be used to unpack a 16 byte value by being
80. return gr_base student n_tests test set_grade set the grade for a given student test xx set_grade student test value unsigned student test first check the range of subscripts if student gt n_students test gt n_tests return 1 bed subscripts gr_base student n_tests test value return 0 no errors Since you didn t have to explicitly declare the array the program did not have to be limited to a particular size of a dimension The function gr_init provides the ability to define the dimensions each time the program is run Also the memory space for the array could be dynamically allocated using alloc so that all of available memory could be used instead of limiting the size of the array at compile time Since you hadn t read this article yet you wrote separate functions for storing and retrieving an element This turned out later to be an advantageous approach as we ll see Being an ambitious and capable teacher soon you have become the principal of a large high school Thus you were working on converting the original grading program to be able to handle a larger number of students The original version could only handle 5 000 student tests since available memory above the program size was about 10K This was adequate for 500 students with 10 tests to average There were now 1 500 students to grade more than was possible in memory Just when you
81. s could occur when using SCRIPSIT or LED Because the assembler s editor itself can not possibly create a source file that can exceed 64K the test limits itself to testing only the two low order bytes of the EOF triad If by chance you have written an LC program that generates an ASM source file exceeding 64K you will have trouble assembling it There are two ways out of this dilemma The first is to separate your one program into two or more modules Then compile them separately and link them together via GET s You will have to study the LC manual on separately compiled modules The other way is to patch the assembler to remove the kludgy EOF test The following patch to EDAS Model I Ill will remove the test PATCH EDAS D01 C3 18 The value was X 38 So to restore the test patch the byte back to X 38 The equivalent patch for PRO CREATE Model 4 is as follows PATCH EDAS DO01 4E 18 F01 4E 38 A word of caution here If you are going to access the Model I III LC 1 1 FP LIB do not use the patch In order to reduce the length of FP LIB to save a granule of space the members are stored without the CTL Z This was possible because of the EOF test performed by EDAS If you patch EDAS to remove the test you will have a problem in accessing the FP library This restriction was removed when LC 1 2 was released Issue 3 30 Notes from MISOSYS C erious Subjects by Jim Frimmel Hiya We re going to deal with
82. scovered that there is a bug in the HELPTXT BAS program The last part of LINE 450 should be changed from amp H28 to read amp H26 The amp H26 represented the high order byte of the transfer address which should have been X 2600 not X 2800 You may well puzzle as to how developed the HELP and HELPB files in spite of that bug Well used the MAP method In this method the HELPADD program always forces the value to X 2600 regardless of the output of HELPTXT BAS Thus by using MAP it masked the bug in HELPTXT BAS Issue 3 20 Notes from MISOSYS LC PRO LC The big news here is the PRO LC Version 1 2 update On March 31st a letter was sent to PRO LC Registered Users If you have PRO LC and did not get the letter then you must have registered after the letter went out The contents of that letter are repeated here MISOSYS has completed the implementation of the floating point library for the PRO LC users This library includes all of the float Single precision and double precision functions identified in your PRO LC user manual In addition we have also added the fseed function to provide for user initialization of the frnd random number seed We have also significantly enhanced the LC standard library through the implementation of the input scan functions and standard UNIX low level file O routines as well as many other functions isalnum isspace ispunct isprint iscntrl isascii btoi itob otoi
83. sd ddddddEsee The ftoa and dtoa routines convert to this fixed format as well This standardizes the output format of floating point numbers across all releases of LC At some future time we will provide a C function to format floats Note that the sprintf function is also included in release 1 2 Turning to our customer letter file Larry Lewis of Australia writes In the documentation for LC you note the method for adding a user library However you omit to mention that the user must amend LCMACS ASM to have the default invocation of _USERLIB EQU FALSE This is required for programs that DO NOT use the user library hope that this may be of assistance to other users of LC Larry is correct in his statement so long as you have added the following code to LC ASM in order to search the library IF _USERLIB SEARCH USER LIB ENDIF On the other hand if you change the conditional from IF to IFDEF then you should not need to add the initialization to LCMACS The IFDEF conditional is evaluated TRUE if the label in the operand field has been defined regardless of the value of the definition Now if you use IFDEF DO NOT insert any initialization to LCMACS or the SEARCH will always occur can t say why we chose to not use the IFDEF for the FPLIB and INLIB searches when putting together the first release of LC Mike Lewis of Cheshire England has sent in the following program which can be used to SYSRES
84. se return 0 no error get_grade return the grade for a given student and test xx get_grade student test unsigned student test first check the range of subscripts int Ls if student gt n_students test gt n_tests return 1 bad subscripts seek gr_file student test 2 0 read gr_file amp i 2 read the test score return i set_grade set the grade for a given student test xx set_grade student test value unsigned student test first check the range of subscripts if student gt n_students test gt n_tests return 1 bad subscripts seek gr_file student test 2 0 write gr_file amp value 2 save test score return 0 no errors Looking very pleased with yourself you rushed over to see the computer music teacher When asked by her how you thought of such a neat programming idea you exclaimed Elementary my dear Olivia Until the next Notes ciao and God bless you all Issue 3 34 Notes from MISOSYS MACH2 PRO MACH2 The MACHZ2 package is an excellent product to give you personal control of the placement of files on a disk by the DOS whether LDOS 5 1 x or TRSDOS 6 x x MACH2 contains four utilities MAPPER provides a map of file utilization by disk granule ALLOC lets you put files on the disk according to your specifications for a directory of files CALC provides a tabular listing of
85. serious all the time SOLE In the last issue challenged all those that were using SOLE with two sided disk drives to come up with a patch to BACKUP to support a mirror image backup of the SOLEd two sided system disk One response said it was easy if changed SOLE2 to format track zero on both sides in single Issue 3 45 Notes from MISOSYS density Actually if you think about it in detail that scheme will not work Follow my analysis as discussed in the last issue John Blair suggested the three step procedure of 1 lockout track zero on the source disk 2 backup source to destination 3 backup the BOOT SYS We don t run with two sided drives so can t test his procedure however since it inhibits BACKUP from touching track zero during the mirror image copy phase it should work Of course locking out track zero first requires you to use either DEBUG on the directory or some other utility like FED Since asked for a patch to BACKUP that would then be transparent to the user John s suggestion works but is not the answer was looking for Jeffrey McLean did his homework Although he worked up a modification to QFB instead of to BACKUP since QFB is supplied as part of LDOS 5 1 4 his actions are perfectly acceptable Jeffrey s procedure outlined in a letter to me follows Since the coding may be lengthy the code has been included on the DISK NOTES I am writing to you to inform you of some changes have made to SOLE1
86. sh option INLIB define LINES 500 max lines to be sorted define FAIL Oxffff RRL main argc argv unsigned argc char argv char lineptr LINES pointers to text lines int nlines number of input lines to read IMPORTANT nlines is to BASE 1 if nlines readlines lineptr LINES gt 0 sortl lineptr nlines argc argv writelines lineptr nlines else printf Input too big to sort n LER define MAXLEN 255 MAXLEN 1 max line length Lee hE readlines lineptr maxlines read input lines and char lineptr ret of lines int maxlines to BASE 1 not 0 int len nlines len amp nlines are BASE 1 char p alloc line MAXLEN LER nlines 0 nlines counts to BASE 1 while len getline line MAXLEN gt 0 if nlines gt maxlines return 1 else if p alloc len NULL return 1 else line len 1 O converts n to NULL strcpy p line lineptr nlines p return nlines PERL getline s lim get line into s ret length char s lim 1 max length line int lim length returned is BASE 1 Hie 6 1 for i 0 i lt lim 1 amp amp c getchar EOF amp amp c n i s i c iff Mn s i c i if s i 1 O i 1 eliminate final s i 0 null byte in else i 0 a SCRIPSIT fi
87. ssue 3 18 Notes from MISOSYS Such a file allows the user to create one stroke commands assigned to any alphabetical key which will delete a word scroll the entire screen up or down insert a space There are certainly other ways to create such a file The LED Text Editor might serve but since don t have it can t be sure The LDOS BUILD command and SCRIPSIT itself are not so easy to use because without going into detail they don t handle extended ASCIl codes or codes mixed with text very well would argue that EDAS is hard to beat For the entire text of Joe s article look to a future edition of the LSI Journal If they don t get around to printing it by the next issue of NOTES will ask Joe for a disk copy of his article so can print it in NOTES An abbreviated copy of his KSM source file follows Note that for a full standard KSM there would be an entry for each of the alphabetic characters A through Z IMPORTANT Assemble using the CI switch 7A FILENAME KSM CI CLR CLEAR KEY CTL lt SHIFT gt lt DOWN ARROW gt INSER EQU OB1H CLR lt 1 gt INE EQU OB2H CLR lt 2 gt DELETE EQU QB3H CLR lt 3 gt TAB EQU O9H CTL lt I gt O_END_OF_TEXT EQU 1AH CTL lt Z gt SPACE EQU 20H 7 l
88. t SPACE gt CR EQU 38H lt gt SHIFT_ENTER EQU 1DH lt SHIFT gt lt ENTER gt STOP EQU ODH ENDS EACH KEY ENTRY r lt CLEAR gt KSM file r AA DB INSERT STOP INSERT ONE CHARACTER BB DB BLOCK STOP BLOCK MODE cc DB DELETE TO_END_OF_TEXT STOP DD D8 DELETE STOP DELETE ONE CHARACTER DB PARA STOP PARAGRAPH MARKER r Sheets Letter Size and long drafts Epson Printer II DB gt Sheets Standard 8 1 2 x 11 DB gt J N TM 2 BM 51 PL 55 LM 10 DB RM 72 LS 1 PF 2 CR DB gt VC Y CR DB SSO Gt CR OB gt Use for a long draft CR DB gt BM 57 PL 61 LS 2 CR STOP E LL DB SHIFT_ENTER T 5 15 25 35 45 55 CR STOP Issue 3 19 Notes from MISOSYS GRASP Don t forget that the first diskette of fonts is still available Nine fonts are included CLASSIC BIGCHAR COMPUTER Anglo Saxon Anglo Saxon BOLD Irish Irish BOLD Coptic and Egyptological If you are a registered GRASP user and want to obtain this disk of fonts please send 10 and request GRASPF1 The 10 charge covers the cost of the disk mailer processing and shipping MISOSYS will continue to seek character fonts to collect for building GRASPF2 am indebted to R W Odlin and Karl A Hessinger for their generosity in making these fonts available HELP PRO HELP A query from Fred Keebler concerning a problem with PRO HELP disclosed a bug on investigation of his problem After analyzing the disk files that Fred sent di
89. this situation would cause an extra line after every multi page printout There may be a clue however had always thought that the extra line problem was rectified After checking into the matter find that it was indeed corrected with EDAS48 FIX dated 12 09 82 EDAS48 FIX was published in NOTES FROM MISOSYS Issue however as it turns out the FIX published in NOTES was EDAS48 FIX dated 10 27 82 WHICH WAS A DIFFERENT FIX Apparently goofed and never got the 12 09 82 fix published This was most likely due to the confusion prevailing with two fixes having the same number a situation which never should have happened and was the root cause of the error Here is the one byte patch that was the 12 09 82 EDAS48 F IX D19 8A BA was B7 This fix was applied starting with number 820318 If your registration number precedes 820318 for Model VIII EDAS 4 1 please apply this fix The following is an interesting letter from Jeffrey McLean concerning EDAS used with the LNW 80 Model Il discovered that EDAS would not work properly with it When ever would press the SHIFT key to pause a listing the program would abort to the LDOS Ready prompt with the message SYS ERROR traced this problem to the fact that the LNW ROM has NOP s in the place of the CTL vector Since the LNW 80 model Il has the option of RAM in the address space from zero to X 3700 wrote a program to move the ROM to RAM and patch it up am enclosin
90. time and energy of keying in lines of code This is just another service to our customers The next thing that we usually discuss in NOTES is a summation of our new products The last mailing of our catalog to all customers was in November of last year We recently mailed our new 84 1 catalog to all new customers The catalog added information on our two new products ADE at 50 and IFC at 30 To give all of our customers the benefit of this info NOTES will repeat that info at the end of THE BLURB The catalog also describes LC 1 2 in more detail i e adds the additional functions to the list The LC section in this issue also covers this material The one additional item that is new is our Daisywheel Il proportional spacing filter DW2PS FLT This item is so new that it was implemented after our catalog went to press This filter supports proportional spacing on the Tandy Daisywheel Il Any program that provides printer output to the standard PR device will work with this filter This entire publication was prepared with SCRIPSIT and our DW2PS filter The filter supports BOLDFACE on the DW tt is also transparent to control codes Our retail price is 25 on this neat item Check with us on its availability if you are interested We are also making our imprinted blue vinyl 3 4 3 ring binder available for purchase This high quality binder holds about 75 sheets of 60lb stock It has a tab holder on the spine and a pocket on the inside front cover
91. ting puts buf fputs buf fp arge puts n fputs press lt ENTER gt fp fputs n alert 1 0 7 0 n fp fclose fp cmdi do resfile jcl n Issue 3 23 I ll tell you Notes from MISOSYS Now then why can t you SYSRES a system module from an LC application via the cmd function The cmd function operates by moving the executing program to high memory by reducing the unused memory to zero see LC PROGRAM MEMORY MAP page 5 6 of the LC manual It then sets HIGH to the new next lowest address and sets up an interface to EXIT and ABORT Cmd then issues the requested command The interface to EXIT and ABORT results in a return to the cmd function at the completion of the command If you invoked SYSRES and the DOS carried out the request it would place the system module prior to the revised HIGH set by cmd After return to cmd HIGH is restored to the original value thus the system module is no longer protected and may in fact be overwritten by the LC application as it is restored to its executing memory region David Lamkins of Massachusetts brought up a few points in his letter concerning LC and PaDS as well as ZSHELL He says have a couple of very short items that you may wish to pass along to other users in the next issue of NOTES First when making an LC compiled program part of a PDS be sure to invoke the program without an intervening blank between the
92. to 252 file slots Look at the ease of invoking the ADE drive emulator driver by responding to some very basic questions How many slots for this driver lt 1 8 gt 4 Slots already in use lt gt Enter slot number 1 What is the drive emulation filespec gt floppy1 7 Enter the drive size lt 5 8 gt 5 Single or Double density lt S D gt d Enter the number of sides lt 1 2 gt 1 Enter the number of cylinders lt 35 96 gt 40 ADE then proceeds to invoke the DOS formatter which is used to create the directory information Each floppy is created using the ADE DCT driver and its brief series of questions The driver is totally configurable Once the driver is installed a utility program called ADE CMD is available to manage your floppy linkage Existing floppies may be linked to the slot table or the existing table linkage may be altered to connect an emulated floppy to the DOS drive table For example invoking ADE CMD displays the slot linkage Slot Drive Filespec 1 4 FLOPPY1 ADE 7 2 not linked 3 ADE1 ADE 7 4 not linked lt M gt ove lt L gt ink lt A gt saign lt U gt nlink lt D gt isable or lt E gt xit 1 4 ade2 7 Notice the input response of 1 4 ade2 7 which links slot 4 to the ADE2 7 file ADE s command entries and operands may be strung together as illustrated or entered individually via prompts Multiple ADE CMD commands may even be entered directly from DOS level ADE Floppies are part of
93. ts of the last issue concerning sending diskettes in the mail Radio Shack makes a disk mailer Cat No 26 1317 which a lot of you use for mailing 5 1 4 diskettes This is a good mailer Somewhere have seen the statement that the mailer is designed for ONE repeat ONE diskette Why is this so There appears to be sufficient depth for a single diskette in the interior of the mailer When you try to squeeze more than one disk into the mailer the constant over pressure tends to compress the edges of the diskette A diskette compressed in this manner sometimes has difficulty in freely turning in the diskette jacket because of the jacket s pressure on the media Other types of mailers both homemade and commercial may also exhibit this tendency Sometimes dread offering an update Why Because get diskettes returned in packaging from plastic boxes taped shut with yards of tape to plain envelopes with absolute nothing to protect the diskette have received reports from users getting an update returned where the diskette is unreadable Invariably the difficulty is caused by the inability of the diskette to turn stemming from the jacket being compressed Therefore whatever you use to mail diskettes make sure that the wrapping does indeed protect your diskettes There is no reason for you to have to incur a delay in getting a needed and desired update as well as no need for us to have to duplicate a second time Now then for those that happen to
94. ute average grades of your students To do your calculations you want to load all student grades into a two dimensional array called grade Since you are using LC you can t have a two dimensional array directly so you choose to write functions that will simulate the two dimensional array You mumble something under your breath but start coding anyway However as you continued writing you started to like the way things were looking Listing 2 shows what you came up with LISTING 2 GRADES DATABASE PACKAGE by Elsie U Zerr xx variables used in this package all static static int gr_base points to base of array static unsigned n_students n_tests gr_init initialize the grades database This function tells the package how to dimension the array and how much storage to reserve based on the number of students and tests Returns 0 if no errors 1 if not enough space gr_init num_students num_tests n_students num_students Issue 3 32 Notes from MISOSYS n_tests num_tests gr_base alloc n_students n_tests 2 if gr_base NULL return 1 return 1 if error else return 0 no error get_grade return the grade for a given student and test xx get_grade student test unsigned student test first check the range of subscripts if student gt n_students test gt n_tests return 1 bad subscripts
95. write the output The LDOS device handler sensed the request to be a file reference and passed control to the character I O file access routines When the first BYTEIO PUT request was issued the file access routines had to get the first granule of disk space allocated Under LDOS 5 1 disk space allocation is performed by the SYS8 SYS module which was installed in the overlay area The LDOS file access routines have a check which re installs SYS1 SYS after returning from SYS8 SYS only if SYS1 was previously resident In this case SYS4 was previously resident so nothing was done to restore it After LOGOT completed the output of the message string it returned supposedly to SYS4 SYS which originally invoked LOGOT Unfortunately SYS4 was not resident but SYS8 was Since now code in SYS8 was executing that should not be the exact result would be unpredictable other than it could crash Now the system cannot reinstall modules other than SYS1 if SYS8 got flopped in since the other modules are not necessarily re entrant This is so with SYS4 the error string and return address are stored in its data area part of the overlay Issue 3 50 Notes from MISOSYS The scenario is repeatable under one other circumstance If a JOB LOG is active and routed to a disk file with unallocated space and ERROR issues a message string via LOGOT the SYSO conflict is also evident One thing that could be done is to warn the users about this system bug Th
96. your system DEVICE and FREE commends illustrate the transparency of these emulated floppies 4 FLOPPY1 5 Floppy 0 Cyls 40 Dden Sides 1 Step 6ms Dly 1S 5 6 ADE1 5 Floppy 2 Cyls 40 Dden Sides 1 Step 6ms Dly 1S Drive 4 FLOPPY1 03 14 64 Free Space 174 00K 180 00K Files 126 128 Drive 5 ADE1 03 10 84 Free Space 139 50K 180 00K Files 104 128 ORDERING INFORMATION ADE For the TRS 80 Models 1 111 4 with LDOS 5 1 PRO ADE For use with LDOS TRSDOS Version 6 i e Model 4 Issue 3 7 Notes from MISOSYS IFC and PRO IFC by Karl A Heminger IFC stands for Interactive File Controller and that s just what it does IFC controls a drive s files interactively IFC is great for managing the files that collect on a drive It presents you with a scrollable sorted directory on your video display screen and a collection of operations to tag untag selected files in the list With IFC you can copy delete rename or list files all interactively and based on your specifications for tagging The more files you keep the more you need IFC Enter FC and tell it what drive to work with Something similar to the following display of files will be presented Drive 2 Name TRSDOS61 Free 6K Tagged OK gt BACKUP CMD 2 10 Feb 84 3K BASIC CMD 2 10 Feb 84 22K BASIC OV1 2 10 Feb 84 3K CLICK FLT 2 10 Feb 84 1K COMM CMD 2 10 Feb 84 3K FORMAT CMD 2 10 Feb 84 5K KSMFLT 2 10 Feb 84 1K MEMDISK DCT 2 10 Feb 84 3K PATC

Notes from MISOSYS Issue 3 - 1 Table of Contents - tim

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