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CM1000 - Belver Brasil

1. Figure 5 14 5 3 4 PC Emulator Operation The PC Emulator function is the Ethernet version of the Web Browser option and is accessed from the PC Emulator icon on the Option menu PC emulator provides Browser functionality through the Ethernet port emulating a PC The Browser icon provides Browser capability through the internal cable modem replacing the customer s cable modem and PC Be sure to connect the CM to the Ethernet port of your cable modem under test Be sure to remove this cable when the CM s internal cable modem is in use When selected the CM will go through the DHCP process to get an IP address just as a PC would and then open the Web Browser screen The Web Browser operation is the same as de scribed above when using the integrated cable modem 124 Chapter 5 Options Note The PC emulator may be used to view the customer s cable modem s diagnostic web page by entering the URL for the brand of cable modem in use Many use the IP address 192 68 100 1 Some cable modem diagnostic URLs and access instructions are listed at the following web site http charterpipelinentx net cablemodeminternalpages htm If yours is not listed contact your modem vendor If the number of CPEs is limited you may have to reset the cable modem 5 3 5 Setup Enable URL Entry Next Field Prev Field Save Exit Figure 5 15 The Browser operation requires the user to set up the home URL enter the list of 5
2. The Upstream Spectrum feature measures signals in the return includ ing return video modem QPSK data carriers cable modem QPSK or 16 QAM ingress noise CPD Common Path Distortion and makes C I and C N measurements The initial placement and measurement parameters of the markers in the upstream spectrum option are programmed by the administrator with the PC IP software Typically the M1 marker is set at the return or CMTS upstream frequency with the detector type set to average for QPSK or QAM measurements The bandwidth is set to the occupied bandwidth of the upstream signal The typical M2 setting is for any known beat or ingress that is present i e 27 MHz CB with the detector set to peak for all non digital signals and the bandwidth set to 0 Set the 3 marker to measure the noise floor at a frequency that is typically within the return band but not used clear 250 kHz and the detector set for Average to measure the APL of the noise floor and the bandwidth set to the same bandwidth as the M1 marker to correlate the C N calculation The user may reposition the markers for specific measurements in the field 92 Chapter 4 Measurements Upstream Spec si E F Loc Tap Mi M2 M3 Measure Ingress More Figure 4 46 The initial screen displays the markers without measurements Mea surements are made automatically in the background between sweep updates and only after the Measure key is pressed 4 3 1 M1
3. MEEA 18 8 dBmv aval 5 0de ESSE 15 2 dBmv pk EE M1 M2 Measure US Spec More Figure 4 50 Press Save amp Exit to save the current settings and return to the active measurement screen Press Back to exit the screen without saving the changes In addition an Ingress Scan mode allows viewing the upstream spec trum Two markers are provided M2 and M3 This screen is similar to the Upstream Spectrum screen with these exceptions 1 There is no marker to measure the upstream signal 2 The M2 ingress or distortion marker is used to measure the mar gin between the current level measurements and the LIMIT 3 M3 marker measures the margin between the current noise level measurement and the limit The user may place the M2 marker on any analog signal or distortion beat and M3 on any digital signal or noise press the F2 Measure key and read the Noise Level Ingress levels and the Margin between the current measurements and the programmed limit The reference level and setup screens may also be accessed as described in the Upstream Spectrum section 96 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 4 Data Management 4 4 1 Auto Prompting CM Check eid 1 Test Complete Cable Modem Range amp Register Enter File Name and Press Enter to Save Date Time Type 01 05 02 15 00 01 SLM Scan HS Upstream Rate t Os Ta 2 3 MB S Config IP Detail CM Detail Continuous Figure 4 51 The Administrator may progr
4. 30 Chapter 3 User Setup Backlight Timer Enable the Backlight timer to automatically shut the unit s display backlight off after 3 minutes if no key is pressed and no measurements are in process Power Down Timer Enable the Power Down timer to automatically shut the unit off after 5 minutes if no key is pressed and no automated measurements are in process A warning beep is provided 30 seconds before power down alerting the user to press any key to prevent power down The Shift key may be pressed without affecting the current mode of operation Select Channel Table Select a channel table for the manual SLM operation This channel table will be used for the manual SLM manual Scan and manual cable modem tests Each SMART test has its own programmed channel table for the automated tests that is not affected by this setting Up to 16 different channel plans can be downloaded into the CM1000 from the PC IP software Only the plans downloaded can be selected and used Serial Port Speed The serial port soeed should be set to match the PC used for the configuration process The default is 115 200 and is the fastest data transfer rate If the CM1000 and PC do not match it will be impossible to download the setup and configuration data from the PC to the CM1000 3 4 1 User Setup Access Access to the various setup screens is controlled by the administrator who may enter a password to gain access to the screen He may enable or d
5. SUNRISE TELECOM CM1000 ANALOG DIGITAL AND DOCSIS NETWORK ANALYZER SLM User s Manual lt gt SUNRISE TELECOM www sunrisetelecom com lt gt SUNRISE TELECOM CM1000 ANALOG DIGITAL AND DOCSIS NETWORK ANALYZER SLM User s Manual Version 3 00 MAN 12624 005 B BO00 N WARNING Using the supplied equipment in a manner not specified by Sunrise Telecom may impair the protection provided by the equipment End of Life Recycling and Disposal Information DO NOT dispose of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE as unsorted municipal waste For proper disposal return the product to Sunrise Telecom Please contact our local offices or service centers for information on how to arrange the return and recycling of any of our products e United States of America SUNRISE TELECOM INCORPORATED 302 Enzo Drive San Jose CA 95138 USA Tel 1 800 701 5208 1 408 360 2200 Fax 1 408 363 8313 E mail support sunrisetelecom com Germany SUNRISE TELECOM GERMANY GmbH Buchenstr 10 D 72810 Gomaringen GERMANY Tel 49 7072 9289 50 Fax 49 7072 9289 55 E mail info sunrisetelecom de Europe SUNRISE TELECOM PROTEL Via Jacopo Peri 41 c 41100 Modena ITALY Tel 39 059 403711 Fax 39 059 403715 E mail europe service sunrisetelecom it Asia TAIWAN SUNRISE TELECOM Company Limited 21 Wu Chuan 3rd Road Wu Ku Hsiang Taipei County 248 Taiwan R O C Tel 886 2 2298 2598 Fax 886 2 2298 2575 E mail suppo
6. Uploaded Data Log Information Name Date Time Type 12345678 03 01 2001 08 30 45 Modem 12345678 03 01 2001 08 35 30 SetTop Next Set Prev Set Delete Exit Figure 4 58 Delete F3 deletes the selected file Exit returns the user to the main menu 101 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 5 Downstream Spectrum Analyzer Operation The Downstream Spectrum Analyzer feature allows the user to view the spectrum at any frequency from 50 to 870 MHz in a 64 32 16 or 8 MHz span Marker setup allows programming of the markers for ac curate analog or digital signal measurement Two markers are provided for level and frequency measurement with setup capability for peak or average power detection and user specified bandwidth correction Analog or digital signals may be measured A special CC N function allows the user to set the markers on a carrier and the noise floor for CC N measurements Mii M2 CF Span CC N More Figure 4 59 View the downstream spectrum to identify and measure the downstream signals ingress noise and distortion Markers simplify measurements of level C N and C I Analyzer Mode 4 5 1 M1 M2 F1 Selects the marker M1 or M2 Markers may be moved using the arrow keys The Frequency and Level at that frequency are displayed The level may be measured in RMS of peak or average power The level is followed by an indicator of pk for RMS of peak or avg for average power level measurements 102 Chapter 4 Measur
7. 171 Chapter 7 Reference U S A U S A U S A GERMANY CHINA UK HRC IRC STANDARD PAL B G PAL D PAL HRC 92 630 0315 92 631 2625 93 637 25 65 823 25 89 824 93 636 0318 93 637 2625 94 643 25 66 831 25 90 832 94 642 0321 94 643 2625 100 649 25 67 839 25 91 840 100 648 0324 100 649 2625 101 655 25 68 847 25 92 848 101 654 0327 101 655 2625 102 661 25 69 855 25 93 856 102 660 033 102 661 2625 103 667 25 103 666 0333 103 667 2625 104 673 25 104 672 0336 104 673 2625 105 679 25 105 678 0339 105 679 2625 106 685 25 106 684 0342 106 685 2625 107 691 25 107 690 0345 107 691 2625 108 697 25 108 696 0348 108 697 2625 109 703 25 109 702 0351 109 703 2625 110 109 25 110 708 0354 110 709 2625 111 715 25 111 714 0357 111 715 2625 112 721 25 112 720 036 112 721 2625 113 721 25 113 726 0363 113 727 2625 114 133 25 114 732 0366 114 733 2625 115 739 25 115 738 0369 115 739 2625 116 745 25 116 744 0372 116 745 2625 117 791 29 117 750 0375 117 751 2625 118 757 25 118 756 0378 118 757 2625 119 763 25 119 762 0381 119 763 2625 120 769 25 120 768 0384 120 769 2625 121 715 25 121 774 0387 121 775 2625 122 781 25 122 780 039 122 781 2625 123 787 25 123 786 0393 123 787 2625 124 793 25 124 792 0396 124 793 2625 125 799 25
8. on Name of Site Prev Field _ Save amp Exit Figure 3 22 50 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 9 Auto Configuration The administrator can transfer configuration database setup informa tion from the PC IP software to CM1000 s in the field via the network using an FTP site The administrator may upload a single or group of configuration database files to an FTP site for updating CM1000 s in the field System Name System ABC Ranging Method Dwell On CM MAC Address User Defined BKER Packet Delay 20 mSec BKER Packet Size 0000 CMTS Ping Address 000 000 000 000 Throughput Server 000 000 000 000 Throughput User User Name Throughput Password Password Throughput FTP Port 21 Throughput File Name File Name txt Next Field Prev Field Save amp Exit I More Figure 3 23 An FTP server may contain configuration files for more than a single system File names distinguish between the available selections of configuration files Typically a system name or similar descriptive name is used The configuration file is called the System Name on the CM1000 The file name is the System Name with the file extension PC7 Example the file named System A PC7 would be displayed as System on the CM1000 The system name is displayed on the CM1000 s first Cable Modem Setup screen A single System Name describes a complete database with configuration settings fo
9. s Responsibility 1 Contact Sunrise Telecom and request a Returned Material Au thorization RMA number Be sure to have your model and serial number ready 2 After receiving the RMA number return the equipment with an accurate description of the symptoms and be sure to state the authorization number on your paperwork The client is respon sible for all transportation charges to Sunrise Telecom 3 Original packaging is preferred If unavailable carefully package the equipment in alternate packing material to ensure adequate protection during shipping 6 7 2 Sunrise Telecom s Responsibility 1 Sunrise Telecom will acknowledge the receipt or the returned equipment and at that time bring any discrepancies to your attention 2 Sunrise Telecom will replace or repair at its discretion any com ponent or subassembly it deems necessary to return the unit to a proper condition 3 After the necessary repairs Sunrise Telecom will perform com plete test and re calibration of the unit All precautions are taken by Sunrise Telecom to ensure that every unit meets all electrical and mechanical specifications prior to returning the equipment to the client Note Sunrise Telecom is not responsible for failures caused by transportation to from the customer s location nor by rough handling by the customer after receipt causing further damage to the product Sunrise Telecom is solely responsible for the defects stated abo
10. 125 798 0399 125 799 2625 126 805 25 126 804 0402 126 805 2625 127 811 25 127 810 0405 127 811 2625 128 817 25 128 816 0408 128 817 2625 129 823 25 129 822 0411 129 823 2625 130 829 25 130 828 0414 130 829 2625 131 835 25 131 834 0417 131 835 2625 132 841 25 132 840 042 132 841 2625 133 847 25 133 846 0423 133 847 2625 134 853 25 134 852 0426 134 853 2625 135 859 25 135 858 0429 135 859 2625 172 Chapter 7 Reference Additional Channel Plans Japan South Korea Taiwan Spain and Poland HONG JAPAN S KOREA KONG TAIWAN SPAIN POLAND NTSC M NTSC M PAL NTSC PAL B G PAL B G AN 4 51 A V 45 AN 6 A V 45 VA 551 AV 65 AN2 AN2 6552 V A2 NICAM AWV2 6 742 BW 6 BW 6 BW 8 BW 6 BW 7and8 BW 8 1 91 25 2 55 25 21 471 25 2 55 25 2 48 25 S01 111 25 2 97 25 3 61 25 22 479 25 3 61 25 3 55 25 S02 119 25 3 103 25 4 67 25 23 487 25 4 67 25 4 62 25 S03 127 25 C13 109 25 5 17 25 24 495 25 5 77 25 S1 105 25 S04 135 25 C14 115 25 6 83 25 25 503 25 6 83 25 S2 112 25 S05 143 25 C15 121 25 95 91 25 26 511 25 95 91 25 S3 119 25 S06 151 25 C16 127 25 96 97 25 27 519 25 96 97 25 S4 126 25 S07 159 25 C17 133 25 97 103 25 28 527 25 97 103 25 S5 133 25 S08 167 25 C18 139 25 98 109 25 29 535 25 98 109 275 S6 140 25 K0O6 179 25 C19 1
11. 34 283 2625 Sel 351 25 Z26 368 25 30 352 Chapter 7 Reference U S A U S A U S A GERMANY CHINA UK HRC IRC STANDARD PAL B G PAL D PAL HRC 34 282 0141 34 283 2625 35 289 2625 S28 359 25 Z227 376 25 31 360 35 288 0144 35 289 2625 36 295 2625 S29 367 25 Z28 384 25 32 368 36 294 0147 36 295 2625 37 301 2625 S30 375 25 229 392 25 33 376 37 300 015 37 301 2625 38 307 2625 S31 383 25 Z30 400 25 34 384 38 306 0153 38 307 2625 39 313 2625 S32 391 25 Z31 408 25 35 392 39 312 0156 39 313 2625 40 319 2625 33 399 25 Z32 416 25 36 400 40 318 0159 40 319 2625 41 3252625 S34 407 25 Z33 424 25 37 408 41 324 0162 41 325 2625 42 331 275 535 415 25 Z34 432 25 38 416 42 330 0165 42 331 275 43 337 2625 536 423 25 Z35 440 25 39 424 43 336 0168 43 337 2625 44 343 2625 S37 431 25 DS13 471 25 40 432 44 342 0171 44 343 2625 45 349 2625 538 439 25 DS14 479 25 41 440 45 348 0174 45 349 2625 46 355 2625 S39 447 25 DS15 487 25 42 448 46 354 0177 46 355 2625 47 361 2625 540 455 25 DS16 495 25 43 456 47 360 018 47 361 2625 48 367 2625 541 463 25 DS17 503 25 44 464 48 366 0183 48 367 2625 49 373 2625 21 471 25 DS18 511 25 45 472 49 37 2 0186 49 37 3 2625 50 3792625 22 479 2
12. China and UK Default Channel Plans U S A U S A U S A GERMANY CHINA UK HRC IRC STANDARD PAL B G PAL D PAL HRC NTSC M NTSC M NTSC M PAL B G PAL D PAL HRC AN 4 5 AV 4 5 AV 4 5 AV 5 9 AV 6 5 AV 6 AN2 5 742 AN2 6 552 BW 6 BW 6 BW 6 BW 7 8 BW 8 BW 8 2 04 0027 2 55 2625 2 55 25 2 48 25 DS1 49 75 KO01 56 3 60 003 3 61 2625 3 61 25 3 55 25 DS2 57 75 K02 64 4 66 0033 4 67 2625 4 67 25 4 62 25 DS3 65 75 K03 72 1 72 0036 1 73 2625 5 7725 St 105 25 DS4 77 25 K04 80 5 78 0039 5 79 2625 6 83 25 S2 112 25 DS5 85 25 K05 88 6 84 0042 6 85 2625 95 91 25 59 119 25 Z1 112 25 K06 96 95 90 0045 95 91 2625 96 97 25 S4 126 25 Z2 120 25 K07 104 96 96 0048 96 97 2625 97 103 25 S5 133 25 Z3 128 25 K08 112 97 102 0051 97 103 2625 98 109 275 S6 140 25 Z4 136 25 1 120 98 108 0054 98 109 275 99 115 275 S7 147 25 Z5 144 25 2 128 99 114 0057 99 115 275 14 121 2625 S8 154 25 Z6 152 25 3 136 14 120 006 14 121 2625 15 127 2625 S9 161 25 Z7 160 25 4 144 15 126 0063 15 127 2625 16 133 2625 10 168 25 DS6 168 25 5 152 16 132 0066 16 133 2625 17 139 25 5 175 25 DS 176 25 6 160 17 138 0069 17 139 2625 18 145 25 6 182 25 DS8 184 25 7 168 18 144 0072 18 145 2625 19 15125 7 189 25 DS9 192 25 8 176 19 150 0075 19 15
13. Confirm the prompts that you want to un install PC IP Then run the PCIP Setup Execute file a second time to install the new upgraded version of PC IP software This installation will follow the same procedure outlined in the installation section of this operator s manual If there are compatibility issues between the old database s and the new program a message is displayed when the program opens If the old database cannot be opened you can download your previous database from the CM1000 where you uploaded your database prior to the upgrade 144 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support 6 5 2 Installing the CM1000 Upgrade Using Windows Explorer open the file named CM1000Upgradex XX exe where X XX represents the latest firmware revision This will install a program on your PC to upgrade your CM1000s Confirm the prompts that you want to install the program Once installed open the program and follow the on screen instructions to upgrade your CM1000s Note If you are upgrading other CM1000s be sure to use the installation program for the appropriate meter using the wrong program can cause loss of opera tion which will require the CM1000 to be returned to a service center for reprogramming Note To ensure data compatibility upload all saved files from your CM1000 to your PC using PC IP prior to the firmware upgrade 6 6 Technical Support Sunrise Telecom is located in the Eastern Time zone with regular office
14. Where such designations appear in this book they have been printed with initial capital letters SUNRISE TELECOM the SUNRISE TELECOM logo are registered trademarks of SUNRISE TELECOM INC All other trademarks copyrights logos brand names etc mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners Contents 1 General Information nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnennnnnennnnnnennnnnr 1 NNN 1 122 Preparation tor Dev 2 1 2 1 Unpacking and Initial Inspection cccissicrcdewonedcenanestesioatesnocennss 3 122 Shipment COMES c case cceveviacsccucsereanniecnerseeshecmercicesessexrindieses 3 1 2 3 Battery Charging Instructions rrrrrrrrrnnnrrrvrrrnnnnrrrernnnnnnn 3 1 2 4 Power RequremenSuuauanuans ssmsasesnunssiiaeviemmseni 4 1 2 5 Safety Precautions ccccccccccssssseceeeeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeseeaaeees 4 1 3 Instrument Overview sesennnesennnnsenrreserrreosrrreosrrreosnererennnes 5 14 POP H vr 5 1 5 Warranty Information asrrnnnnnnnnnnnnrnrnnnrnrnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnennnnennnnn 6 1 6 Declaration of Gone 8 2 EN aes 9 2 1 Front NI 9 2 2 CM1000 Keyboard Functions ccccseceeeesseeeeseeseeeeeeaees 11 ENG ROD EE isan Renmedioatantunilanndcenstiad 11 22 00500 EE EN 11 2 2 3 Second Function K Suave 13 2 39 Getting Started saccctestandecotcuesnncemteenessactacceedcesesiatecnettacaedeqeundenn 13 231 ASSEN 13 2 3 2 Options Available rrrrnnrrrrrrrrnnnrnrrvrrrnnnnnrrrvrrnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnne
15. displaying the DOCSIS Mode Security Mode and QoS Class derived from the VoIP CMS TFTP process Additionally the CMTS connection information is shown Downstream Rx Level MER Pre FEC BER Post FEC BER Frequency Channel number and Modulation type The Upstream test results are the result of measurements on the second high priority service flow and include measurements of Tx Level BKER Lost Packets Discarded Packets Latency and Jitter Measurements are made through the CMTS to the Media Gateway and do not include the telephony switch or PSTN network 127 Chapter 5 Options int E F Loc Cable Modem DOCSIS Mode 1 1 PUN mem BPI CRSA ES Platinum Downstream Upstream EEE 0 scenv Tx Level 255 sem KE ce BKER oE PreBER os Disc Pkis oos PstBER ioes HEGE 00002 BEE 747 000 Miz EET 50 msec DTS csconm BE msec Figure 5 18 Lost Packets is the count of the upstream transmitted packets that are not returned 1 or 1 in 100 1 0 E 2 lost packets will generate perceivable impairments in a telephony call 3 or 3 in 100 3 0 E 2 lost packets may cause the call to be dropped Latency is the total delay through the network basically represent ing the time elapsed between the time a person starts talking or any timed event and the person on the other end of the conversation hears the beginning or any timed event of the conversation Latency is perceivable at approximately 80 mSec and
16. 0 will pass Measurements less than 0 dBmV and greater than 15 0 dBmV will fail Measurements between 0 to 2 0 dBmV and 13 0 to 15 0 dBmV will be marginal and passing SetTop Limits i E F Analog andard Y _ TOL 0 Ground Block Paco Set Top 200 Xx Peak to Vall NG ene s AMP Video to Auc Node 0 Headend End of Line Moe Figure 3 15 Location The location may be changed like in the measurement mode by pressing the Shift and then Location F3 key and selecting the desired location from the list displayed in a pop up window The MORE key takes you to the second LIMITS setup screen for the digital tests 3 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 5 2 Digital Limits The second screen selects the desired digital tests sets the minimum and maximum acceptable limits and enters a tolerance Digital Video Channel Table Standard v Tests MIN MAX TOL X Carrier Level 10 25 0 X Tilt 10 0 X Peak to Valley 10 0 X 64QAM MER 26 0 X 64QAM Pre FEC BER 1 0E 6 0 X 64QAM Post FEC BER 1 0E 7 0 X 256QAM MER 26 0 X 256QAM Pre FEC BER 1 0E 6 0 X 256QAM Post FEC BER 1 0E 7 0 X Test Length 2 Next Field Prev Field Save amp Ext More Figure 3 16 The location is displayed at the top left of the screen Tests may be selected using the F1 amp F2 key Tests toggle from enabled indicated by the X mark to disabled by pressing the Enter key when the desired test is selected highlighted Limi
17. 0000004 DIAGNOSIS Coher Intf Constn Equalizer SLM More Figure 4 42 4 2 6 Freq Resp If Frequency Response F2 is selected from the Downstream MORE menu the constellation display is replaced by an in channel frequency response display This display provides a frequency spectrum of 2 5 MHz total of 5 MHz with a vertical range of and 10 dB The Fre quency Spectrum screen is shown in Figure 4 42 4 2 7 Scan Mode When the Scan icon is selected the CM1000 sequences through the entire active channel plan and graphs the level of APL average power level for digital channels each channel s video carrier and audio carrier or the channel s m E 5 Loc Tap i Wie 35 dBmV NNN NA VI Mi v wh SAN Bot mfes a Ble H ity i EH E El jes 10 L o 10 20 M1 M2 SLM Measure Detail Figure 4 43 90 Chapter 4 Measurements Two markers may be positioned using the F1 M1 M2 function key to select a marker and the arrow keys to move the markers The active marker is displayed just above the M1 M2 function key The channel number level for each and the Delta difference between the two levels are displayed Hint A limited channel table may be used for faster results A full channel table is used when full detail is needed Both channel tables may be programmed into the CM1000 and switched
18. 0E 10 Freq Resp I STATS Figure 4 25 Downstream Detail Pressing the DOWNSTREAM F1 Function key from the Cable Modem Test screen Figure 4 24 will take the user to the Downstream Detail screen Figure 4 25 The downstream detail drops the UPSTREAM information and provides a graphical display of the downstream numeric information Bar graphs shown in Figure 4 25 provide and easy to interpret display Level MER Pre BER and Post BER are displayed graphically with yellow boxes indicating the acceptable measurements based on the criteria input into the Limits screen The Downstream Detail screen provides a quick assurance that key downstream measurements are Limits criteria the bars being displayed in red rather than the normal color Function keys provide additional detail for analyzing any unsatisfac tory measurements Additional analysis tools include Constellation Frequency Response and Equalizer Stress and STATS mode Limits for these parameters are entered or edited in the Limits screen located on the main Setup Menu Constellation Pressing the DOWNSTREAM F1 Function key from the Downstream Modem Test screen will take the user to the Down stream Constellation screen shown in Figure 4 26 The downstream 13 Chapter 4 Measurements detail drops the Upstream information and adds a constellation display Errored and Severely Errored seconds and an auto diagnosis of con stellation impairments Constellation Loc End
19. 73 517 25 45 663 25 K52 719 25 2 590 25 74 023 25 74 023 25 46 671 25 K53 727 25 28 561 25 75 529 25 75 529 25 47 679 25 K54 735 25 29 567 25 76 535 25 76 535 25 48 687 25 K55 743 25 30 573 25 77 041 25 71 041 25 49 695 25 K56 751 25 31 5 925 78 047 25 78 047 25 50 703 25 K57 759 25 32 585 25 79 553 25 51 711 25 K58 767 25 33 591 25 80 559 25 52 719 25 KG 775 25 34 597 25 81 565 25 53 727 25 K60 783 25 35 603 25 82 571 25 54 735 25 K61 791 25 36 609 25 83 577 25 55 743 25 K62 799 25 3 615 25 84 983 25 56 751 25 K63 807 25 38 621 25 85 589 25 S 759 25 K64 815 25 39 627 25 86 595 25 58 767 25 K65 823 25 40 633 25 87 601 25 59 775 25 K66 831 25 41 639 25 88 607 25 60 783 25 K67 839 25 42 645 25 89 613 25 61 791 25 K68 847 25 43 651 25 90 619 25 62 799 25 K69 855 25 44 657 25 91 625 25 63 807 25 45 663 25 92 631 25 64 815 25 46 669 25 93 637 25 65 823 25 47 675 25 94 643 25 66 831 25 48 681 25 100 649 25 67 839 25 49 687 25 101 655 25 68 847 25 90 693 25 102 661 25 69 855 25 51 699 25 103 667 25 52 705 25 104 673 25 53 711 25 105 679 25 54 717 25 106 685 25 55 723 25 107 691 25 56 729 25 108 697 25 Chapter 7 Reference JAPAN S KOREA RONG TAIWAN SPAIN POLAND NTSC M NTSC M PAL NTSC PAL B G PAL B G 57 735 25 109 703 25 58 741 25 110 709 25 59
20. Annex B 64 QAM In fact it changes so rapidly in phase and amplitude that it looks like a big clump of noise when you look at it on a spectrum analyzer Such rapid change makes it impossible to accurately measure its power with an ordinary SLM peak detecting power meter Each of the 64 words symbols in the 64 QAM language is represented by specific state of amplitude and phase of the QAM signal Engineers found that by graphing these 64 different words or symbols on a graph that showed the phase and amplitude of each of the 64 digital words symbols they could determine quite a bit about the health of the signal Measuring the Quality of a QAM signal As we look at the constellation how many words are in the 64 QAM language 64 How many points are plotted on a 64 QAM constellation diagram Count them 8 across times 8 down equals 64 Each of these points is a different combination of phase and amplitude Each point on the constellation graph represents one of the 64 QAM symbols The phase is represented by the angle of rotation around the center of the graph The amplitude is represented by the distance from the center of the graph A 256 QAM uses 256 different symbols 152 Chapter 7 Reference Q Amplitude see 8 0674 8 G gt e o ese eee G Od e o e 0 38 OT PHASE 8 9 91 8 ao 7 6 rn 3 87 Amplitude L a a 210 6 B sv 8 ao 9050 6 se s s 950 6 e s se 8 670 8 o G 64 Possible Co
21. Automated Routine Test measurements are programmed into the CM1000 for each location where the test is made Each test is defined by the manual configura tion or by the administrator using the PC IP software The configuration defines the channels to be tested the tests to be performed and the Pass Fail limits for each location SMART test locations are Tap Ground Block and Set Top Each of the SMART tests is programmed by the administrator to perform a series of tests These include analog digital video and cable modem tests The following screens show the selection available GROUND BLOCK rap set ror GROUND BLOCK TAP SET TOP Analog Digital Video Cable Moden Analog Digital Video Cable Modes Chevel ftte p Teds Mites MK MAX Taaroa F Crie Level am 150 f co F Peak to Valey 10 00 00 F T I E F QAM Gt MER 30 og F Gaede Pre fl 10000 00 F QAM 64 Pett FEC tear co P musen a0 a FO EAC 10006 Of o F OANE Poa FEC tear oo F Tesi Lengi nee GE v Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 55 Chapter 4 Measurements GROUND BLOCK TAP SET TOP Acton Digital Video Cable Modem STANDARD r Terts oT MN MAX Taimaa F Nacaere L vel oo 1500 09 F Tranen Level so g So 66 WM Derin TR ME F Upteemfiee 50000 as F MER a0 o PreFEC mo o F Poot FEC oo f o d Block Enor Rate aie F Tast Langh sec m Figure 4 4 The
22. C N limit C I limit Interference limit and the initial marker configuration This option Is used to view the upstream spectrum as displayed at an AT2000 2500 location from any point in the network where the user can establish a cable modem connection to a real WORX controller Connect to the realWORX Controller server via the Internet using the CM1000 IP s internal cable modem to retrieve the measurements and then display the results on a screen similar to the Upstream Spectrum The realVIEW option provides a spectral view of the return spectrum from 5 to 50 MHz 65 for Annex A with the ability to view the bursty TDMA upstream cable modem signals ingress CPD and noise A unique measurement mode measures the TDMA signal level any in gress or CPD the C I and the C N ratio The frequency range is fixed and set by the AT2000 2500 setting or realWORX ReaMiew SETUP imi E F Carrier to Noise Limit 25 dB Carrier to Ingress Limit 25 dB Interference Limit 25 dBmV Marker Frequency Bandwidth Detector M1 30 000 MHz 3 2 WMHz Aw Y M2 17 000 MHz 0 0 WMHz Peaky M2 35 000 MHz 3 2 WVMHz Aw Y Next Field Prev Field Save amp Ext Moe Figure 3 20 The initial placement and measurement parameters of the markers is controlled by the realVIEW setup The typical setup would be for the M1 marker to be set at the return or CMTS upstream frequency with the detector type set to average for QPSK or QAM measurements The bandwidth
23. Combinations of I and Q Figure 7 7 A 256 QAM signal uses 256 different symbols or digital words in its digital language How many decision points are there on the 256 QAM constellation 256 This display shows a perfect 256 QAM constellation but in the real world you won t ever see perfection Definition of MER RMS Error Magnitude Ideal Symbol Average Symbol Magnitude Figure 7 8 Figure 7 8 shows a magnified view of one quarter of a constellation It is called a ZOOM view This is only the upper right hand quadrant of 154 Chapter 7 Reference the constellation shown here It shows a view of the upper right 16 data points out of the 64 possible data points MER is defined as the aver age symbol amplitude approximately the distance between the origin or center of the graph and the decision point for the symbol divided into the RMS error magnitude In other words it represents how much the actual phase and amplitude of the signal missed the target for that particular symbol RMS Error Amplitude EE finde Average Symbol Amplitude As the signal is degraded and the plotted points land farther and farther away from the center of the decision window for each symbol the MER will become lower and lower but the QAM will remain locked until the failure point Expected Test Results QAM set top converters require better than 23 dB MER to operate To allow for system degradation a margin of at least 3 or 4 dB is
24. MORE func tion key and selecting the F1 Erase or the F2 Erase All key Selecting F1 Erase will delete the currently selected file The user will be asked to confirm the Erase All function before all files are deleted Once a file is erased it cannot be recovered 4 4 4 Data Upload F Saved file test results can be uploaded to an FTP server via the cable modem over the network or via the Ethernet port connected directly to a server with the Data Upload feature Upload it F Range amp Register Figure 4 55 Open or import view and save the files from the FTP site with the PC IP software The FTP site can be mapped as a network drive Files 99 Chapter 4 Measurements can also be used to disseminate summary and detailed measurement results to workforce management systems A supervisor can review field data at any time and from anywhere via an Internet connection Technicians no longer have to run back to the office to download or hand in test results When files are uploaded to the FTP server directories are created at the top level for the system name at the second level for the user ID and at the third level for the file name Files with common names are grouped together in the directory with the same name PC Ennalator Browser Upload BE E ka Return Pilot RealView Generator VoIP Figure 4 56 The user may initiate the upload process by pressing the Shift and then Enter ke
25. One error out of a billion would be 1 1 000 000 000 or 000000001 or 1E 9 Chapter 7 Reference Two errors out of a billion would be 2 2 000 000 000 or 000000002 or 2E 9 When it comes to scientific notation and BER the more errors there are over a given time period the bigger the number to the right of the E be comes This is the most significant number in the scientific notation The large the number to the right of the E the better the performance The lower the number to the right of the E the worse the performance The number to the right of the E is not that important It is like buying a lottery ticket What difference is it if your chances are one in a billion or two in a billion It is the same with BER There is little difference between one error in a billion bits or two errors in a billion bits Fraction Decimal _ Scientific Notation 1 100 000 0 00001 1 1 000 000 0 000001 1 10 000 000 0 0000001 1 100 000 000 0 00000001 Figure 7 12 Pre amp Post FEC Errors Pre FEC errors are errors that have occurred before the FEC has had an opportunity to correct any of the errors Post FEC errors are errors that could not be corrected A cable modem will tolerate pre FEC errors and the FEC will continue to correct pre FEC errors up until 1E 06 or one error in one million bits After that the FEC can do no more Post FEC errors will cause retransmissions requests and slowdowns ina DOCSIS system With Digital Video
26. Packets Displays a count of the packets which were discarded due to lack of bandwidth or priority of other traffic US Rate Displays the upstream throughput rate 0 to 3 5 Mb sec if the test is turned off an N A is displayed 4 1 10 Upstream Detail UPSTREAM ia io i Loc End of Line 20 0 30 0 45 0 55 0 BKER 1 0E 1 1 0E 3 1 0E 6 1 0E 8 Seven soap Beige 003000 Total ATTN 32 0 dB fee PING TIME oms 322 oa Rest stop STATS ERR Inject Figure 4 18 Upstrm Pressing the UPSTREAM F2 function from the Cable Mo dem Analysis screen will provide additional Upstream information as shown in Figure 4 18 The key parameters TX Level modem transmit level and BKER up stream block error rate are displayed graphically The upstream Modem Transmit Level and BKER are presented graphi cally to make the measurements more easily understood Yellow limit boxes indicate the acceptable range per the LIMITS setup criteria If measurements are outside of the acceptable Limits the bars are dis played in red The Upstream Detail screen includes the following data 67 Chapter 4 Measurements TX Level Actual modem transmit level as measured internally by the CM1000 BKER Block Error Rate is calculated by dividing the number of packets transmitted by the CM1000 by the number of lost packets not returned by the CMTS to the CM1000 Step ATTN Calculated change in Step Attenua
27. Press F1 to use Intemal Mac Address Figure 4 13 Once initiated the CM1000 will go through the complete range and register process with the CMTS The progress is shown in a bar graph on the screen with key milestones displayed as each step in the process is completed The steps are 9 ONOAAR WD Resetting Cable Modem Searching for Downstream Lock on Downstream Ranging Upstream set power level DHCP TFTP Configuration file download TOD CPE IP DHCP Emulator IP DHCP 10 BER Measurements if turned on by Administrator 11 BkKER Measurements if turned on by Administrator 12 Upstream Data Rate Measurements if turned on by Administrator 63 Chapter 4 Measurements 13 Downstream Data Rate Measurements if turned on by Adminis trator 14 Online The Cable Modem SMART test will run cable modem tests and display Pass Fail along with the RSA calculation and the upstream and down stream data rate tests Note Datarate tests require that an FTP server is operating on your network and has been configured to allow upload download and delete access using the user name and password programmed into your CM1000 If the administrator has not setup these features see the PC IP Operators Manual for detailed instruc tions Before making the Throughput tests the CM1000 will ping the FTP server to ensure that it is available if this feature is turned on in the Cable Modem setup If the PING test fails an error
28. Server Port 3017 MOS Test Duration 30 Sec Next Field Prev Field More Save amp Exit Figure 5 21 Press the SHIFT and then the MENU key select the Cable Mo dem Setup icon and press ENTER then press MORE twice to view the VolP Setup screen Set the VolP PING Address to the IP address of the CMTS or other server at the CMTS The default setting is 0 0 0 0 typically the CMTS Set the DOCSIS mode typically Auto unless you want to force the unit to run in a DOCSIS 1 0 mode In DOCSIS 1 0 mode BPI will not be available Set the MOS Server IP Address This is the IP address of the realMOS server provided by the administrator who set up the realMOS server Set the MOS Server Port This is the RTP port of the realMOS server provided by the administrator who set up the realMOS server Set the MOS Test Duration typically 30 seconds The duration can be set from 10 to 60 seconds in 10 second increments The setting will include both the upstream and downstream tests Thus a 30 second test will allocate 15 seconds to the upstream and 15 seconds to the downstream Thirty seconds is recom mended in order to get a sufficient results sample size for MOS calculations Press F3 SAVE amp EXIT to complete the process Chapter 5 Options 5 5 4 Using the VolP Function Be sure that the typical Cable Modem Setup and DOCSIS downstream channel setups are performed See the Cable Modem Setup section in Chapter 3 for these instruct
29. The CM series offers a unique solution for today s evolving broadband networks The CM1000 is a high end technicians SLM with unique features that allow the user to test troubleshoot and maintain a modern digital cable TV network Increase network performance and customer satisfaction by using the CM1000 to systematically detect and locate impairments in your ana log digital video VOD and cable modem services in real time both upstream and downstrea and now with VoIP services e Continuous measurements not just static screen shots e Integrated Web Browser and PC Emu lation option e VoIP and VolP options verify test and troubleshoot VoIP services e Modular easily upgradable as requirements evolve e realVIEW option remote upstream measurements e Upstream spectrum with CPD C I amp C N measurements e Continuous operation without over heating e Comprehensive digital analyzer with constellation equalizer and frequency response displays The CM1000 is a comprehensive troubleshooting SLM that fully tests analog digital video and cable modem network services including VoIP enabled networks The CM1000 uses a built in cable modem to exercise the network on both the downstream and upstream paths Easy to use pass fail test screens indicate the problems quickly so that adjustments replacements and follow up verification tests can be per formed immediately The CM1000 s in band capabilities and continuou
30. The RJ 45 connector on the side of the CM1000 provides an Ethernet connection to your PC similar to the Ethernet connection provided on any cable modem Once the CM1000 has completed the Cable Modem check you can use it to surf the Internet You will need to configure your PC for the CM1000 and the network 4 8 1 PC Setup To Configure the IP adapter of the PC connected to the CM1000 1 Open Control Panel 2 Select Network 3 Select the TCP IP PC interface device from the list where PC interface device is the interface between the CM1000 and the PC typically a 10 100base T NIC card Select Properties Select IP Properties tab Click on Obtain IP address automatically if static IP is not used If static IP is used click on Specify an IP Address Enter the IP address and Subnet Mask if used Click on WINS Configuration tab and select Disable WINS Resolution 10 Click on the Gateway tab enter the gateway IP address and click on Add 11 Click on OK 12 You may get a message saying Your computer needs to be restarted click yes ee EE ot 108 5 1 realVIEW Option lt gt Use the realVIEW option to view the upstream spectrum as displayed at the AT2000 AT2500H location This can be done from any point in the network where the user can establish a cable modem connection to the real WORX controller for that specific AT2000 AT2500H Th
31. To check if the VolP option is installed in your CM meter press the SHIFT and then the MENU key select the General Setup icon and press ENTER Press MORE 3 times to display the list of installed options The 8 item in the list is VoIP which should read ENABLED when the option is installed Press Press Select Press Press 3 times SETUP MORE m4 m pa ew A Gen SETUP im E __F Features amp Options up Ping amp TraceRoute Enabled o ee ene Retum Pilot Gen Enabled meny Me pg Dual IF 6 amp 8 MHz Disabled pel ka j Enabled Upstream Spectrum Enabled 0 RealView Enabled VolP Enabled Web Browser Enabled TDR Capable Enabled Exit Figure 5 20 5 5 3 Setting Up the CM for VolP Before using the VoIP function the CM must be set up to commu nicate with the realMOS server The administrator of the realMOS Server should provide you with the IP address of the server and the RTP port number The default settings in the CM are set to a realMOS server at the Sunrise Telecom Engineering facility and although you would be able to run tests the test results would be meaningless to you since the test would be across the Internet Some firewalls may prevent connection 131 Chapter 5 Options 132 VoIP Setup i ml VoIP MAC Address 00 d0 dd 11f 1d ae VolP Ping Address 000 000 000 000 DOCSIS Mode Auto MOS Server IP 000 000 000 000 MOS
32. back and forth by changing the active channel table in the Setup screen A tabular display of the measurement results is available by pressing the F3 Measure key The screen will display a summary of the results of the analog and digital measurements Figure 4 43 Analog Spectrum e e C anv e Scan Detail Exit Figure 4 44 Analog measurements Minimum Level Maximum Level Tilt Peak to Valley Maximum Adjacent Channel Ratio and the Maximum Video to Audio Carrier Ratio Digital Measurement Maximum Carrier Level Minimum Carrier Level Tilt Peak to Valley and the average Analog to Digital Ratio 91 a_i Loc Tap CH Video Audio Delta Adjacent Mod 002 11 5 02 4 13 9 24 NTSC 003 11 5 024 139 24 NTSC 004 15 127 112 13 0 NTSC 005 11 5 024 139 24 NTSC CH Digital MER PreBER PostBER Mod 90 35 24 1 0E 7 1 0E 9 64QAM 92 25 29 1 0E 6 1 0E 9 64QAM 100 27 28 3 1E 8 1 0E 9 64QAM Next Set Prev Set Errors Exit Figure 4 45 Individual measurement results may be viewed by pressing the Detail key if enabled in the configuration Additional screens may be viewed by pressing the Next Set F1 or Prev Set F2 function keys The display may be automatically limited to channels with measurement results outside the limits by pressing the Errors F3 function key 4 3 Upstream Spectrum Mode W Select the Return Spectrum icon from the main menu using ws the arrow keys and pressing Enter when the icon is selected
33. becomes objectionable at approximately 200 mSec BKER Block Error Rate is calculated by dividing the number of packets transmitted by the CM1000 by the number of lost packets not returned by the CMTS to the CM1000 Jitter is the peak variation in the delay through the network Jitter is managed by buffering the voice data before playback Naturally this increases the overall delay latency If the jitter exceeds the capacity of the jitter buffer typically 50 mSec or the jitter buffer plus latency delay exceeds approximately 80 mSec the jitter becomes perceivable If the total exceeds 200 mSec it becomes objectionable 5 4 4 Cable Modem Setup The only additional setup required for VoIP testing is to enter the IP address of the Media Gateway or other VoIP interface Select Cable Modem in the Setup Menu and press the More key twice to display a 128 Chapter 5 Options screen with the MAC Address that will be used for VoIP tests and Enter the IP Address on the second line using the alohanumeric keypad 5 4 5 PC Browsing Open your PC s browser Find the Internet Options tab and select Connections Set the Connection to the LAN or Network selection Select Automatically detect settings and OK s You should now be ready to surf the Internet oe I Use the CM1000 as any other cable modem Be sure to return the PC and browser setting to the configuration ap propriate for the brand of cable m
34. dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB N A Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB N A Tap Limits ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block Error Rate Test Length MIN 12 0 dBmV 17 0 dBmV 10 0 dB 25 0 dB MIN 2 0 dBmV 26 0 dB 28 0 dB MIN 2 0 dBmV 35 0 dBmV 1500000 250000 28 0 dB MAX 25 0 dBmV 10 0 dBmV 3 0 dB 10 0 dB 0 0 dB 15 0 dB MAX 17 0 dBmV 10 10 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 2 MAX 17 0 dBmV 55 0 dBmV 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 03 2 Chapter 7 Reference Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB N A Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB N A 165 Chapter 7 Reference Set Top Limits ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block E
35. enter a custom address Acustom address is only stored until the CM1000 is turned off 18 Chapter 3 User Setup BkER Packet Delay 0 to 500 mSec selectable in 20 mSec increments This is the time between data packets being sent back to the CMTS router for BKER measurements The default is 20 mSec BkER Packet Size Sets the size of the test packets sent to the CMTS router for BKER testing Use the Arrow keys to select from 256 512 768 or 1024 The default is 0000 Be sure not to exceed the upstream channel s capacity CMTS PING Address Enter the server address to send data from the CM1000 to any IP address for BKER tests the server will send back the same data Use the Arrow keys to increment through each set ting The default address 000 000 000 000 specifies the default router typically the CMTS Any network component can be PING tested but the upstream test will most accurately measure upstream performance if the PING Address is the IP address of the CMTS Throughput Throughput tests will require an HTTP and FTP server to upload and download test files HTTP is used for download and FTP is used for upload The servers should be common to a single PC and will share the same IP address Xitami the recommended free server soft ware provides both an HTTP and FTP server See the PC IP software manual for information on configuring the servers Read write delete and make directory permission must be allowed on the FTP serv
36. from 8 dBmV to 58 dBmV in 1 dB steps 5 2 5 Duration Duration is the length of time that the test signal will be turned on This will limit the possibility of interrupting network operation for long periods The Duration is set by using the arrow keys to sequence through a list of duration times 15 5S 10S 30S and Cont continuous If only a single pilot is desired press the F3 START STOP key to turn on the generator If the Toggle mode is selected the duration is automatically switched to Continuous 117 Chapter 5 Options 5 2 6 Pilot 2 The Return Pilot Generator alternates between two selected frequen cies If a second pilot is desired select the Toggle mode function using the F1 Next Field F2 Prev Field function keys and toggle the field from Off to On with the arrow keys This will access the Frequency 2 Selec tion field Level and Dwell fields Note that only one frequency is generated at a time Pilot 1 and Pilot 2 are generated alternately 5 2 7 Dwell The Dwell determines the amount of time that each pilot is generated before alternating to the other pilot The timing selections are 500 mS 5S and 10S The Toggle mode must be turned on to access any of the second pilot features The duration is automatically set to continuous when the toggle mode is activated 5 2 8 Modulation BW The Return Pilot signals may be modulated similar to the typical up stream signals Select the Modulation field and use the arrow
37. hours from 8 00 AM to 8 00 PM A toll free number service covering all of North America is provided at no charge Key Sunrise Telecom personnel can always be reached any time of the day through a toll free number or electronic mail service over the Internet International customers should contact the nearest Sunrise Telecom representative or the factory at 1 514 725 6652 or by fax at 1 514 725 5637 North America Toll Free 1 800 701 5208 Outside of North America 1 408 360 2200 E mail Technical Support support sunrisetelecom com Web site www sunrisetelecom com 6 7 Returning Equipment To Sunrise Telecom Sunrise Telecom manufactures equipment to very high standards Prod ucts are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship as specified in our published product warranty When properly used and operated your equipment will provide many years of service Should it become necessary to return the equipment to Sunrise Telecom for in or out of warranty repairs or calibration follow these steps 145 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support Note If products are repaired or altered by persons not authorized by Sunrise Telecom or notin accordance with instructions furnished by Sunrise Telecom or if the products have become defective due to a result of misuse improper repair abnormal operating con ditions the labor and materials required to effect the changes will be billed at our standard repair rates 6 7 1 Customer
38. is set to the occupied bandwidth of the upstream signal The typical M2 setting would be for any known beat or ingress that is present i e 27 MHz CB with the detector set to peak for all non digital signals and the bandwidth set to 0 The third marker is set to measure the noise floor at a frequency that is typically within the return band but not used clear 250 kHz The detector is set for average to measure the APL of the noise floor and the bandwidth set to the same bandwidth 47 Chapter 3 User Setup as the M1 marker to correlate the C N calculation The markers may be repositioned for specific measurements in the field In addition an Ingress Scan mode provides viewing of the upstream spectrum Two markers are provided M2 and M3 This screen is similar to the realVIEW Spectrum screen However there is no marker to measure the upstream signal and the M2 ingress Also no distortion marker is used to measure the margin between the current level measurements and the limit and the M3 marker margin between the current noise level measurement and the limit Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key once the setup is complete for the entire screen 3 8 1 C N Carrier to Noise The C N limit is the minimum acceptable upstream carrier to noise ratio The DOCSIS specification requires a minimum
39. keys to sequence through the Modulation Bandwidth selections CW modula tion off 200 400 800 1600 and 3200 kHz Modulating the upstream test signal helps determine if the upstream frequency response is acceptable START STOP F3 The F3 Start Stop key controls the generator output The output toggles between On and Off by pressing the F3 Start Stop key The output will also default to the Off condition after the duration time elapses unless the continuous mode is selected for duration The Pilot Generator also turns off if the CM1000 is switched to another mode When the generator output is turned on Generator On is displayed in the upper right corner of the display Note Before the pilots are turned on the Frequency Level and Duration must be set for single pilot operation For Alternating Pilot mode the second frequency level and Dwell time that each pilot is on alternat ing must have been set If the user tries to turn on pilots before all of the fields are entered a message 118 Chapter 5 Options is displayed to finish entering all of the fields before the pilot can be turned on All settings are retained in memory and used as the default settings the next time the option is initiated Generator Off Pilots are automatically turned off when the option screen is left via F4 Exit 5 2 9 Operation with an Analyzer To set up the Pilot Generator for use with a spectrum analyzer for viewing both pilots simultan
40. made The elapsed time and modulation type are also displayed Use the F3 Reset key to reset the BER measurements and elapsed time CH FREQ Shifts the current tuning method from CH to Frequency and vise versa The cursor shifts between the Channel and Frequency displayed Constellation Provides direct access to the Constellation Equalizer Frequency Response and STATS modes from SLM mode The initial display is the Constellation See the Constellation section at the end of the SLM section Reset Re locks to the digital signal and resets the BER measure ments to zero The Elapsed time counter is reset to match the duration of the measurement More Displays a new set of function keys 2 CH 5 CH SCAN and MORE 2 CH 2 CH mode provides the ability to view two channels simultane ously and compare their signal level SCAN See the following section on SCAN for the operation of the F2 SCAN function key 5 CH Mode The five channel mode displays the five favorite channels level and the Tilt between the first and last SCAN See the following section on SCAN for the operation of the F2 SCAN function key More Displays a new set of function keys CH Freg Ref Lvl and More Ref Lvl The vertical scale of the graphic display is calibrated indBmvV or dBuV and is auto ranging depending on the level measured Manually adjust the vertical scale by pressing the F3 Ref Lvl Reference Level function key and using
41. message is provided FTP Server not available and the throughput test is aborted Other tests are completed rd Test Complete Enter Channel or use arrow keys K 747 000 MHz Press Enter to Select Figure 4 14 If more than one channel is set up in the Downstream Channel table press the F4 Channel key to change the selected downstream DOC SIS channel Pressing the F4 Channel key displays a pop up window of the current channel Press the arrow keys to sequence through the programmed DOCSIS downstream channels The channel may be changed at any time in the test process A slight delay may be encoun 64 Chapter 4 Measurements tered if the cable modem has to be reset after it has started the ranging process reset is automatic 4 1 7 Cable Modem Detail To view details of the Cable Modem SMART tests press the CM Detail F3 function key A bar graph display screen appears showing graphs of the downstream level MER Pre FEC BER Post FEC BER and the upstream transmit level and BKER CM Detail i ee Fe Bt IPDetal Numeric Figure 4 15 The data can also be viewed in a numeric format by pressing the F4 Numeric function key Measurements outside of the programmed Pass Fail Limits criteria will be displayed as red bars or in red text it F Loc Ground Block IP Detail Figure 4 16 65 Chapter 4 Measurements The US DS Modem summary screen provides key network me
42. module and gently pull the module out of the base station Insert the CM USG module firmly and tighten the thumbscrews The unit is now ready to be turned on 136 Chapter 5 Options USE uke 15 Generator On Frequency MHz Level dBmV Symbol Rate MS S Bandwidth 3 2 MHz Upstream Generator is ON Next Field I Prev Field Stop Setup Figure 5 26 5 6 2 Generator Operation The initial screen is the Upstream Generator screen This is displayed when the CM USG module is installed and the unit is turned on When the option is initialized the generator is in the OFF mode Before use the operator will need to configure the upstream frequency settings Six upstream frequencies may be programmed into the CM USG Only these six frequencies may be selected in the upstream generator mode This prevents accidentally generating a signal at a frequency that would interfere with network operation 5 6 3 Setup The setup screen is located on the F4 function key of the main Upstream Generator screen When F4 is selected the Upstream Signal Generator Frequencies screen Is displayed for the user to enter the frequencies which will be selectable in the Upstream Generator mode of operation Frequency Setting The user may enter the desired frequency of the first Frequency 1 using the keypad followed by the ENTER key Additional frequencies may be set by moving to the next frequency field Freq 2 using the F1 NEXT FIELD
43. of 25 dB which is the default limit Results with a C N ratio of 25 dB or greater will pass results less than 25 dB will fail and be displayed in red 3 8 2 C I Carrier to Ingress The C I limit is minimum acceptable upstream carrier to ingress ratio The DOCSIS specification requires a minimum of 25 dB which is the default limit Results with a C I ratio of 25 dB or greater will pass results less than 25 dB will fail and be displayed in red 3 8 3 Interference The Interference limit is the maximum acceptable upstream interference signal level The ingress scan will determine the margin between the ingress noise CPD or other interference and this maximum interfer ence level 3 8 4 Marker Setup Using the F1 Next Field and the F2 Prev Field keys select the desired field to change The typical marker setup is discussed above 48 Chapter 3 User Setup Frequency Use the numeric keypad to enter the desired frequency for each marker and press Enter Bandwidth Use the arrow keys to sequence through the bandwidth selections from 0 to 8 0 MHz and press Enter when the desire bandwidth is displayed This bandwidth will be used to make the APL Average Power Level measurements for the specified bandwidth Detector Use the Up or Down arrows to sequence from Average to Peak for the detector selection Average will select a detector for mak ing APL measurements for digital signals Peak will select a detector for making
44. or automated test system 76 605 a 4 ii Minimum maximum bandwidth visual carrier level Requirement Within 10 dB of the visual signal on any other channel on a cable system of up to 300 MHz A 1 GB increase in level separation for each additional 100 MHz of bandwidth Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test In J uly August and J anuary February 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test Equipment R equired SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer or automated test system 76 605 a 4 iii Maximum visual carrier level Requirement A maximum level that will not overload the subscribers terminal or receiver Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test Two times per year Equipment R equired SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer or automated test system 76 605 a 5 Aural carrier level Requirement 10 dB to 17 dB below the associated visual signal level Baseband converter 6 5 dB to 17 dB below the associated visual signal level Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test Two times per year Equipment R equired SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer or automated test system 6 605 a 12 RF signal leakage Requirement lt 54 MHz 15 mV m 30 m 54 216 MHz 20 mV m 3m gt 216 MHz 15mV m 30m Number Of Channels One correlated to 108 137 and 216 to 400 MHz How Often to Test Four times per year Equipment R equired
45. same tests Both the analog and digital numeric details are displayed on the same screen for conservation of screens and for comparison purposes Any measurement results that are outside of the limits range will be displayed in red 58 Chapter 4 Measurements SLM Scan Detail imi E S F Loc Tap Spectrum Digital Spectrum MM mn Scan Detail Exit Figure 4 8 To look further into the details of the measurements to view the measurement detail data press the F3 Detail function key Analog channel data is shown first followed by the digital channels Measure ment results for all of the channels tested are displayed Tests not programmed in the configuration setup by PC IP are marked N A Any measurement results that are outside of the limits range will be displayed in red SLM Scan Detal i F Loc Tap CH Video Audio Delta Adjacent Mod 002 11 5 02 4 13 9 24 NTSC 003 11 5 024 139 24 NTSC 004 15 127 112 13 0 NTSC 005 115 024 139 24 NTSC CH Digital MER PreBER PostBER Mod 90 35 24 1 0E 7 1 0E 9 64QAM 92 25 29 1 0E 6 1 0E 9 64QAM 100 27 28 3 1E 8 1 0E 9 64QAM Next Set Prev Set Errors Exit Figure 4 9 In many cases there will be a great deal of detail If there are 135 channels in the channel table used for the SMART test there will be 135 channels listed in the Detail screen Use the F1 Next Set and F2 Prev Set function keys to scroll through the multiple screens of data or choose the F3 Errors funct
46. screens shown are from the PC IP software The administrator checks the tests to be performed and sets the limits for each measure ment s result Tests that are not checked will not be performed during the SMART automated tests To perform one of the SMART tests use the arrow keys to highlight the Tap Check Ground Block Check Set Top Check or Cable Modem icons on the Main Menu and press Enter The CM1000 will perform the selected tests and report Pass Fail results for the analog digital and cable modem tests Tap Check ia ji Test Complete eo Check Marginal Pass Analog Detail Digital Detail CM Detail Figure 4 5 The results of the SMART test will be reported on a simple Pass Fail screen displaying the title of the performed test and Pass or Fail for each of the test categories Analog Digital Video or Cable Modem If the Administrator has allowed access to the detail screens the user 56 Chapter 4 Measurements may drill down and view several levels of detail relating to the mea surements that were made 4 1 1 Detail Screens If the CM1000 is configured to allow the user to view the detail screens use the function keys to view the detailed results 4 1 2 Analog Tests Measurement Relationships The user may view the Analog Detail by pressing the F1 Analog Det Analog Detail function key The analog tests are the first of the SMART tests to be completed Analog tests are typically very fast per
47. ss aea Ge re re o 0 j oO Oo oO ss 5 5 8 5 gt 70 8 8 aie s es 5 an 050 5 we slo 8 8 H a A a gt gt eee 030 8 88 isis 88 i i s e bad bad e ee 2 eeejeese e ate 8 7 5 3 11 1 134 7 15 13 11 9 7 3 3 1 1 3 5 7 GL 13 15 o o o o o o o ee 5 8 8 8 9 v e 5 on ase ees i ar 90 888 dm s 0 110 008 i i g s es o o D oe s o o es ale se Ss e s e 9 i oe e e eseo 60808 2708 8 00 aoo i a 8 o o o o o tJO n 8 98 ais gt s O0 Q 242 90 9 9 pa ae mie we ger Gem Ge 3 4 eee 289 o she e o s o ne L o 8 4 V eS s o s o aj5o o e 0 64 QAM Decision Boundaries 256 QAM Decision Boundaries Figure 7 11 256 QAM signals are much less robust than 64 QAM signals Looking at the constellation diagrams of the two signals we can see why Notice how small the 256 QAM decision windows are for the 256 QAM con stellation when compared to the 64 The decision windows are much smaller on the 256 QAM and we all know smaller targets are harder to hit Most systems make up this difference by running the 256 QAM signals a little hotter on the system than the 64 QAM Typically 64 QAMs are run 6 10 dB below video levels and 256 QAM signals are set 3 6 dB below video 158 Chapter 7 Reference What Is BER BER is defined as the ratio of the number of wrong bits over the number of total bits Sent Bits 1101101101 Received Bits 110
48. the arrow keys to scroll the scale up or down 83 Chapter 4 Measurements Loc Tap 2 55 25 MHz NTE 10 9 demv EM 295 25 wie e ay video 25 5 dBmV 1E 10 9 dBm Delta 1 0dB CH Freq CH1 CH2 Ref Lvl More Figure 4 36 4 2 2 2 CH Mode 2 CH mode provides the ability to view two channels simultaneously and compare their signal level The initial screen opens with the channel tuning for the first top left channel to be selected using the arrow keys or Entered from the keypad If one of the selected channels is digital the meter automatically switches to the digital mode for that channel and displays the APL Average Power Level The Audio Carrier Level for that channel is then labeled N A CH FREQ Shifts the current tuning method from CH to Frequency and vice versa The cursor shifts between the Channel and Frequency displayed CH1 CH2 Toggle the tuning selection between the first left amp top and the second right and bottom channel displayed Ref Lvl The vertical scale of the graphic display is calibrated in dBMV or dBuV and is auto ranging depending on the level measured Manually adjust the vertical scale by pressing the F3 Ref Lvl Reference Level function key and using the arrow keys to scroll the scale up or down More Wraps back around to the original set of function keys 1 CH 5 CH SCAN and MORE 84 Chapter 4 Measurements Loc Tap 10 depiv D
49. to the appropriate AT2000 A1T 2500 It selects the desired switch and displays the trace data from that location on a screen similar to the Upstream Spectrum option Three markers are provided in the realVIEW option The initial setting of the three markers is per the PC IP software or unit setup matching the Upstream Spectrum Setup same setup is used for both options The typical setup is to measure a TDMA upstream signal on marker M1 to measure interference or distortion on marker M2 and the noise floor on marker M3 You can also manually position the markers in the CM1000 The typical marker setup is to set M1 at the upstream frequency with the BW bandwidth set according to the upstream signal s occupied bandwidth The CM1000 will calculate the average power for QAM QPSK or noise measurements M2 is set to the frequency of expected ingress or distortion with a 0 MHz bandwidth with bandwidth set to 0 or to peak detector M3 is set to the frequency expected to allow a noise floor measurement empty spectrum but within the diplex filter and return amplifier s frequency range with the bandwidth matching the upstream signal and the detector set to average power calcula tion of APL is made based on bandwidth setting Again the user can adjust the markers as required when the realVIEW spectrum mode is initialized Use F1 to select a marker and the arrow keys to position the placement 112 Chapter 5 Options 5 1 3 Measuring
50. to the server using the Ethernet port on the CM1000 Configuration Server Address Enter the FTP file server address to check for new Configuration files The default address specifies an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom You will want to set up your own FTP server and create a directory for the Configuration files When the CM1000 makes a cable modem connection to the network it will check this server to see if new Configuration files are available and allow the user to download them if desired See the PC IP software manual Ap pendix for information on setting up your FTP server Configuration User Name Most FTP servers require a log in user name Enter the user name for the FTP server here The default user name is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom 21 Chapter 3 User Setup Configuration Password Most FTP servers require a log in password Enter the password for the FTP server here The default password is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Configuration Port Most FTP servers use a specific port Enter the port for the FTP server The default port for most FTP servers is 21 as itis for the FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom 22 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 3 Channel Tables In addition to configuring via the PC IP software the Channel Tables may also be configured directly from the CM1000 s front panel keypad and display 3 3 1 Downstream DOCSIS Channel Setup In addition to configuring the cha
51. well as the ability to view and download test results stored in the unit It also allows the user to configure the CM1000 for specific use upload or download setup data z Chapter 1 General Information edit data and manage multiple databases for one or multiple units directly or over the network by exporting the configuration database file to an FTP server 1 5 Warranty Information The Sunrise Telecom CM1000 Series is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 2 years from date of sale Sunrise Telecom agrees to repair or replace any assembly or compo nent found to be defective under normal use during this period The obligation under this warranty is limited solely to repairing the instru ment that proves to be defective within the scope of the warranty when returned to the factory Transport costs to the factory are to be prepaid by the customer This warranty does not apply under the following conditions e The CM1000 or its accessories have been partially or fully disassembled altered or repaired by persons not authorized by Sunrise Telecom Inc e The CM1000 is installed or operated other than in accordance with instructions contained in its operating manual No other warranty is expressed or implied Sunrise is not liable for consequential damages Sunrise Telecom assumes no liability for secondary charges or con sequential damages and in any event Sunrise s liability for breach of cont
52. 0101101 error _ of Wrong Bits 1 0 1 BER gt ___ 2 of Total Bits 10 Every QAM signal on the cable system employs some type of Forward Error Correction There is an entire seminar on our website concerning FEC and BER if you would like more information on the subject The FEC Forward Error Correction is extra data transmitted simulta neously with the programming data on the QAM signal The FEC data contains information that is used in the receiver to determine if each bit of data being received is correct FEC data is added into the data stream at regular intervals as the data is being encoded for transmis sion When the signal is received at the far end by a set top box ora cable modem the unit can determine whether errors have occurred or not If an error has occurred the FEC circuitry corrects the error if it can The FEC can correct a certain number of errors but if the signal is badly degraded it will not be able to correct all of them The BER or Bit Error Rate is simply the ratio of the number of erred bits divided by the total number of bits received Quantifying BER BER is normally displayed in scientific notation The more negative the exponent the better the BER Post FEC Errors must be better than 1 0E 6 for the system to operate One error out of ten would be a ratio of 1 10 or 0 1 or written in scientific notation 1E 01 One error out of a thousand bits would be 1 1000 or 0 001 or 1E 03
53. 05 25 43 647 25 DS40 727 25 67 648 71 504 0252 71 505 2625 72 511 25 44 655 25 DS41 735 25 68 656 72 510 0255 72 511 2625 73 517 25 45 663 25 DS42 743 25 69 664 73 516 0258 73 517 2625 74 523 25 46 671 25 DS43 751 25 70 672 74 522 0261 74 523 2625 75 529 25 47 679 25 DS44 759 25 71 680 75 528 0264 75 529 2625 76 535 25 48 687 25 DS45 767 25 72 688 76 534 0267 76 535 2625 77 541 25 49 695 25 DS46 775 25 73 696 T1 540 027 77 541 2625 78 547 25 50 703 25 DS47 783 25 74 704 78 546 0273 78 547 2625 79 553 25 51 711 25 DS48 791 25 75 712 79 552 0276 79 553 2625 80 559 25 52 719 25 DS49 799 25 76 720 80 558 0279 80 559 2625 81 565 25 53 727 25 DS50 807 25 717 728 81 564 0282 81 565 2625 82 571 25 54 735 25 DS51 815 25 78 736 82 57 0 0285 82 571 2625 83 577 25 55 743 25 D8S52 823 25 79 744 83 576 0288 83 577 2625 84 583 25 56 751 25 DS53 831 25 80 752 84 582 0291 84 583 2625 85 589 25 57 759 25 DS54 839 25 81 760 85 588 0294 85 589 2625 86 595 25 58 767 25 DS55 847 25 82 768 86 594 0297 86 595 2625 87 601 25 59 775 25 83 776 87 600 003 87 601 2625 88 607 25 60 783 25 84 784 88 606 0303 88 607 2625 89 613 25 61 791 25 85 792 89 612 0306 89 613 2625 90 619 25 62 799 25 86 800 90 618 0309 90 619 2625 91 625 25 63 807 25 87 808 91 624 0312 91 625 2625 92 631 25 64 815 25 88 816
54. 1 2625 20 157 25 8 196 25 DS10 200 25 9 184 20 156 0078 20 157 2625 21 163 25 9 203 25 DS11 208 25 10 192 21 162 0081 21 163 2625 22 169 25 10 210 25 DS12 216 25 11 200 22 168 0084 22 169 2625 7 175 25 11 217 25 Z8 224 25 12 208 7 174 0087 7 175 2625 8 181 25 12 224 25 Z9 232 25 13 216 8 180 009 8 181 2625 9 187 25 S11 231 25 Z10 240 25 14 224 9 186 0093 9 187 2625 10 193 25 S12 238 25 Z11 248 25 15 232 10 192 0096 10 193 2625 11 19925 13 245 25 Z12 256 25 16 240 11 198 0099 11 199 2625 12 205 25 S14 252 25 Z13 264 25 17 248 12 204 0102 12 205 2625 13 211 25 S15 259 25 Z14 272 25 18 256 13 210 0105 13 211 2625 23 217 25 516 266 25 Z15 280 25 19 264 23 216 0108 23 217 2625 24 223 25 S17 273 25 Z16 288 25 20 272 24 222 0111 24 223 2625 25 229 2625 S18 280 25 Z17 296 25 21 280 25 2280114 25 229 2625 26 235 2625 S19 287 25 Z18 304 25 22 288 26 234 0117 26 235 2625 27 241 2625 520 294 25 Z19 312 25 23 296 2 240 012 27 241 2625 28 247 2625 Sel 303 25 Z20 320 25 24 304 28 246 0123 28 247 2625 29 253 2625 522 311 25 Z21 328 25 25 312 29 2520126 29 293 2625 30 259 2625 23 319 25 Z22 336 25 26 320 30 258 0129 30 259 2625 31 2652625 524 327 25 Z23 344 25 2 328 31 264 0132 31 265 2625 32 271 2625 525 335 25 Z24 352 25 28 336 32 270 0135 32 271 2625 33 277 2625 526 343 25 Z25 360 25 29 344 33 27 6 0138 33 277 2625
55. 247 2625 S21 303 25 S25 359 25 C33 283 25 29 253 25 53 727 25 29 253 2625 S22 311 25 S26 367 25 C34 289 25 30 259 25 54 735 25 30 259 2625 23 319 25 S27 375 25 C35 295 25 31 265 25 55 74325 31 265 2625 524 327 25 528 383 25 C36 301 25 32 271 25 56 751 25 32 271 2625 S25 335 25 S29 391 25 C371 307 25 33 27725 57 759 25 33 277 2625 S26 343 25 S30 399 25 C38 313 25 34 283 25 58 767 25 34 283 2625 Sel 351 25 S31 407 25 C39 319 25 35 289 25 59 775 25 35 289 2625 528 359 25 532 415 25 C40 325 25 36 295 25 60 783 25 36 295 2625 529 367 25 533 423 25 C41 331 25 37 301 25 37 301 2625 530 375 25 S34 431 25 C42 337 25 38 307 25 38 307 2625 S31 383 25 S35 439 25 C43 343 25 39 313 25 39 313 2625 532 391 25 S36 447 25 C44 349 25 40 319 25 40 319 2625 Soo 399 25 S37 455 25 C45 355 25 41 325 25 41 325 2625 S34 407 25 538 463 25 C46 361 25 42 331 25 42 331 275 S35 415 25 K21 471 25 C47 367 25 43 337 25 43 337 2625 S36 423 25 K22 479 25 C48 373 25 44 343 25 44 343 2625 S37 431 25 K23 487 25 C49 379 25 45 349 25 45 349 2625 538 439 25 K24 495 25 C50 385 25 46 355 25 46 355 2625 539 447 25 K25 503 25 173 Chapter 7 Reference JAPAN S KOREA RONG TAIWAN SPAIN POLAND NTSC M NTSC M PAL NTSC PAL B G PAL B G C51 391 25
56. 2500 to qualify the upstream signal path PERBs signals are included in the modulation in order to allow demodulation and detection of the FEC information for Pre and Post FEC BER mea surements AT 2500 measurements include Frequency Response MER BER Group Delay and Equalizer Stress NOTE Care should be exercised to prevent interfering with live system upstream signals Be aware that gen erating a signal at the same frequency or near the same frequency as your upstream signal at similar or higher levels will interrupt network operation 5 6 1 Installation The CM USG Upstream Signal Generator module option may be plugged into a CM1000 base station The base station must have the ap propriate firmware for the CM USG module If the module is purchased with the base station the firmware was loaded at the factory If the module was purchased separately it will be delivered along with a CF compact flash memory card which must be installed to add the necessary firmware for the CM USG option The new flash card will also include the latest CM1000 firmware See the Firmware Upgrade section of the manual for instructions on installing a new flash card if necessary NOTE The first time that new firmware is installed the meter may take several minutes to load the new firmware and then ask you to repower the unit to initiate the new firmware To change the module be sure that the unit is powered down loosen the four thumbscrews on the
57. 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block Error Rate Test Length Test Test Test MIN MIN MIN MAX MAX MAX Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance YOUR LIMITS DATE Chapter 7 Reference LOCATION ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block Error Rate Test Length Test Test Test MIN MIN MIN MAX MAX MAX Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance 169 Chapter 7 Reference Appendix F Channel Tables The channel table is used by the CM1000 to define the channel names frequencies type of modulation and other critical configuration infor mation about the signal to be tested In addition to the channel plans listed below three User plans are provided and pre programmed with the US Standard channel plan These channel plans may not be 100 accurate for every customer but represent a good starting point for the user to customize the channel plan for his network US Germany
58. 45 25 99 115 25 30 543 25 99 115 275 S7 147 25 K07 183 25 C20 151 25 14 121 25 31 551 25 14 121 2625 S8 154 25 K08 191 25 C21 157 25 15 127 25 32 559 25 15 127 2625 S9 161 25 K09 199 25 C22 165 25 16 133 25 33 567 25 16 133 2625 S10 168 25 K10 207 25 4 171 25 17 139 25 34 575 25 17 139 25 5 175 25 K11 215 25 5 177 25 18 145 25 35 58325 18 145 25 6 182 25 K12 223 25 6 183 25 19 151 25 36 591 25 19 151 25 7 189 25 S09 231 25 7 189 25 20 157 25 37 599 25 20 157 25 8 196 25 S10 239 25 8 193 25 21 163 25 38 607 25 21 163 25 9 203 25 S11 247 25 9 199 25 22 169 25 39 615 25 22 169 25 10 210 25 12 255 25 10 205 25 7 175 25 40 623 25 7 175 25 11 217 25 S13 263 25 11 211 25 8 181 25 41 631 25 8 181 25 12 224 25 S14 271 25 12 217 25 9 187 25 42 639 25 9 187 25 S11 231 25 S15 279 25 C23 223 25 10 193 25 431 647 35 10 193 25 S12 238 25 S16 287 25 C24 231 25 11 199 25 44 655 25 11 199 25 S13 245 25 517 295 25 C25 237 25 12 205 25 45 663 25 12 205 25 S14 252 25 S18 303 25 C26 243 25 13 211 25 46 671 25 13 211 25 S15 259 25 S19 311 25 C27 249 25 23 217 25 47 679 25 23 217 25 S16 266 25 S20 319 25 C28 253 25 24 223 25 48 687 25 24 223 25 S17 273 25 S21 327 25 C29 259 25 25 229 25 49 695 25 25 229 2625 S18 280 25 S22 335 25 C30 265 25 26 235 25 50 703 25 26 235 2625 S19 287 25 S23 343 25 C31 271 25 27 241 25 51 711 25 27 241 2625 S20 294 25 S24 351 25 C32 277 25 28 247 25 52 719 25 28
59. 47 361 25 47 361 2625 S40 455 25 K26 511 25 C52 397 25 48 367 25 48 367 2625 S41 463 25 K27 519 25 C53 403 25 49 3 3 25 49 373 2625 21 471 25 K28 527 25 C54 409 25 50 379 25 50 379 2625 22 479 25 K29 535 25 C55 415 25 51 385 25 51 385 2625 23 487 25 K30 543 25 C56 421 25 52 391 25 52 391 2625 24 495 25 K31 551 25 C57 427 25 53 397 25 53 397 2625 25 503 25 K32 559 25 C58 433 25 54 403 25 54 403 25 26 511 25 K33 567 25 C59 439 25 55 409 25 55 409 25 27 519 25 K34 575 25 C60 445 25 56 415 25 56 415 25 28 527 25 135 583 25 C61 451 25 57 421 25 57 421 25 29 535 25 K36 591 25 C62 457 25 58 427 25 58 427 25 30 543 25 K37 599 25 C63 463 25 59 433 25 59 433 25 31 991 25 K38 607 25 13 471 25 60 439 25 60 439 25 32 559 25 K39 615 25 14 477 25 61 445 25 61 445 25 33 567 25 K40 623 25 15 483 25 62 451 25 62 451 25 34 575 25 K41 631 25 16 489 25 63 457 25 63 457 25 35 583 25 K42 639 25 17 495 25 64 463 25 64 463 25 36 591 25 K43 647 25 18 501 25 65 469 25 65 469 25 37 999 25 K44 655 25 19 507 25 66 475 25 66 475 25 38 607 25 K45 663 25 20 513 25 67 481 25 67 481 25 39 615 25 K46 671 25 21 519 25 68 487 25 68 487 25 40 623 25 K47 679 25 22 525 25 69 493 25 69 493 25 41 631 25 K48 687 25 23 531 25 70 499 25 70 499 25 42 639 25 K49 695 25 24 537 25 71 505 25 71 905 25 43 647 25 K50 703 25 25 543 25 72 511 25 12 511 25 44 655 25 K51 711 25 26 549 25 73 517 25
60. 5 DS19 519 25 46 480 50 378 0189 50 379 2625 51 385 2625 23 487 25 DS20 527 25 47 488 51 384 0192 51 385 2625 52 391 2625 24 495 25 DS21 535 25 48 496 52 390 0195 52 391 2625 53 397 2625 25 503 25 DS22 543 25 49 504 53 396 0198 53 397 2625 54 403 25 26 511 25 DS23 551 25 50 512 54 402 0201 54 403 2625 55 409 25 27 519 25 DS24 559 25 51 520 55 408 0204 55 409 2625 56 415 25 28 527 25 DS25 607 25 52 528 56 414 0207 56 415 2625 57 421 25 29 535 25 DS26 615 25 53 536 57 420 021 57 421 2625 58 427 25 30 543 25 DS27 623 25 54 544 58 426 0213 58 427 2625 59 433 25 31 551 25 DS28 631 25 55 552 59 432 0216 59 433 2625 60 439 25 32 559 25 DS29 639 25 56 560 60 438 0219 60 439 2625 61 445 25 33 567 25 DS30 647 25 57 568 61 444 0222 61 445 2625 62 451 25 34 575 25 DS31 655 25 58 576 62 450 0225 62 451 2625 63 457 25 35 583 25 DS32 663 25 59 584 63 456 0228 63 457 2625 64 463 25 36 591 25 DS33 671 25 60 592 64 462 0231 64 463 2625 65 469 25 37 599 25 DS34 679 25 61 600 65 468 0234 65 469 2625 66 475 25 38 607 25 DS35 687 25 62 608 66 474 0237 66 475 2625 67 481 25 39 615 25 DS36 695 25 63 616 67 480 024 67 481 2625 68 487 25 40 623 25 DS37 703 25 64 624 68 486 0243 68 487 2625 69 493 25 41 631 25 DS38 711 25 65 632 69 492 0246 69 493 2625 70 499 25 42 639 25 DS39 719 25 66 640 70 498 0249 70 499 2625 71 5
61. 747 25 111 715 25 60 753 25 112 721 25 61 759 25 113 121 25 62 765 25 114 733 25 115 739 25 116 745 25 117 91 29 118 757 25 119 763 25 120 769 25 121 715 25 122 781 25 123 787 25 124 793 25 125 799 25 126 805 25 127 811 25 128 817 25 129 823 25 130 829 25 131 835 25 132 841 25 133 847 25 134 853 25 135 859 25 175 Chapter 7 Reference 176
62. CNR does not take into account any phase shifting which has take place Life was simple when we just had to worry about amplitude and noise but with QAM you throw phase into the mix and life gets a little more compli cated Effect of Noe on sua x eile nae PODET she 34 dB MER 23 dB MER 22 5 dB MER 22 dB MER Figure 7 10 Figure 7 10 shows the effects of a degrading carrier to noise on both an analog and a digital signal 45 dB CNR 34 dB MER Reasonably good pictures on the analog and perfect pictures on the digital 35 dB CNR 24 dB MER Snowy pictures on the analog and perfect pictures on the digital 157 Chapter 7 Reference NOTE At 24 dB MER you are only 1 dB away from failing and your pictures are still perfect You cannottell the health of a digital signal by looking at the pictures You need to test them 25 dB CNR 23 dB MER Totally destroyed pictures on the analog and tiling pictures on the digital 20 dB CNR 22 dB MER Terrible analog pictures and no digital picture at all If you have a 24 dB MER on a 64 QAM or a 27 dB MER ona 256 QAM one dB drop in system levels can cause a digital box or cable modem to fail completely Why 256 QAM Is Better se es eos ee a z a a es vu es gt 6 b i p 4 LS DI DI r b a es oO G o H o i fe 4 Oo oe es 6 9 pe 11 lin s o o l raads Be ek sau
63. E 0308 Ref Lvi dB Div SLM Restart Figure 4 37 4 2 3 5 CH Mode The five channel mode displays the five favorite channels in order of channel number as entered in the 5 CH Setup screen Each channel s level is indicated numerically and graphically with the Pass Fail limit indicated graphically by the yellow area Measurements outside of the Pass Fail limits are indicated in red Additionally the Tilt is displayed Tilt is the difference between the highest and lowest channel as entered in the 5 favorite channel setup screen in Channel Table Setup Ref Lvl Pressing F1 Reference Level allows the user to increment or decrement the vertical measurement scale using the arrow keys DB DIV Pressing F2 dB per Division allows the user to toggle the vertical scale between 10 5 and 2 dB per vertical division using the arrow keys SLM Takes the user back to the previous SLM screen either 1 CH or 2 CH mode Restart Reinitializes the measurement and automatically scales the measurement results for an on screen display 85 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 2 4 Constellation Loc End of Line mise 1 5E 7 PM 47E 8 ae 12 7 dBMmV aaisa 0000014 mata 0000008 Ch 116 Freq 747 00 MHz Yr go020000000uN00 gogggogggaq0u00 uggooOd0gI0032200 oaaga g Elapsed 00 11 22 JA 0000004 Equalizer Freq Resp SLM More Figure 4 38 Constellation Display The constellation for the s
64. EC 17 Chapter 4 Measurements eig ia Loc End of Line MER PreBER KES PstBER 4 7E 8 ae 12 7 d BmV aaiae 0000014 mata 0000008 0000004 Const n Freq Resp SLM More Figure 4 30 Equalizer The equalizer function F1 provides a similar display with an adaptive equalizer stress display in place of the constellation display as shown in Figure 4 30 Each bar in the graph represents 200 nSec The tallest bar represents the zero tap Other bars should remain below the ramp indicated in the display Bars too close to the ramp indicate that the adaptive equalizer is overworked and may not provide sufficient compensation with slight system deterioration The adaptive equalizer compensates for reflections in the drop network Unusually high bars indicate faults which can be located by calculating the distance to the problem using the formula D rt Where r is the speed of the signal in the coax or 300 M msec or 975 uSec speed of light X VOP velocity of propagation and t is the time 2 uSec delay Thus the distance would be D 60m 195 x number of bars x coax VOP typically 85 for newer drop cable Or D 51M or 166 ft per bar In the EQUALIZER mode the user is offered additional functions RE SET and MORE Reset Reinitializes the calculations of BER test measurements and resets the ERRSEC and SEVSEC counters to zero More More wraps back around to the original me
65. EY Sequences through the displayed items increments items on the display or moves the marker to the left Chapter 2 Overview SETUP MENU Og DEF SEE EF l 4 Cc lt E J m mm O aol N m Sse BACK O O Z m zZ m DI NO MENU Displays the Main menu of icons Use the arrow keys to select an icon depicting the desired test mode and press Enter NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus Back in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus scroll up in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus page up in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus scroll left in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus scroll right in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus forward in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus scroll down in Browser navigation mode NUMERIC Numbers for tuning channel numbers setting date time etc plus page down in Browser navigation mode BACK Reverses the last action like backspace ENTER Terminator key for most oper
66. Field Prev Field Save amp Ext More Figure 3 17 The location is displayed at the top left of the screen Tests may be selected using the F1 amp F2 key Tests toggle from enabled indicated by the X mark to disable by pressing the Enter key when the desired test is selected highlighted Limits may be entered for the maximum and minimum acceptable Limits The tolerance may also be set for each measurement 40 Chapter 3 User Setup Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key once the setup is complete for the entire screen Channel Table Select the channel table to be used for the automated SMART tests for the location displayed at the top left of the screen The channel table used for the selected location may be any of the 16 available channel tables and different from the channel table used for the other SMART tests and different from the active channel table used for the manual measurements mode The cable modem tests use the Downstream DOCSIS Ranging Channel table to make the network connection The Test Length setting specifies the amount of time required to test each digital channel See the specifics on setting Test Length below Measurements Use the F1 and F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired test and press the Enter key to toggle the measurements from active to ina
67. KXX XXX 3015 HUB A XXX XXX XXX XXX 3015 HUB B XXX XXX XXX XXx 3015 HUB C OOK OK OX OK 3015 Next Set Prev Set Add Loc Delete Loc Figure 5 1 109 Chapter 5 Options 5 1 1 Selecting a View After mode initialization select the desired location to view from the display screen by pressing the up and down arrow keys until the de sired node or switch selection is displayed and pressing F3 Select or Enter The list of Location selections is developed in PC IP software or entered directly into the CM1000 and then stored there RealView i E 1 New Location Location IP Port Next Field Prev Field Save amp Exit Figure 5 2 Press More to Add or F2 to Delete a location Deleting requires a confirmation Add Loc displays window for entering the new location s information Name of the location 12 characters IP address of the HEC controller and the Port Number When these are entered the user presses F4 Save amp Exit and the new location is saved to the list of locations in the Selection screen RealView m Emi Select Analyzer Location Hub125 Analyzer Connection OUT 410 H HRIC outh City 41234567 south City A1234567 south City A1234567 South City A1234567 South City A1234567 south City A1234567 South City A1234567 south City A1234567 south City A1234567 Next Sat Prev Set Select Exit Figure 5 3 110 Chapter 5 Options When connecting to the realWORX Controller the CM1000 queries the ser
68. LM or system analyzer with Dipole Antenna or Flyover 163 Chapter 7 Reference Appendix E Limits Default Limits Settings factory setting The table provides the default Limits setting initially installed in the CM1000 These Limits may not be appropriate for all networks All limits settings are user programmable by pressing the Setup key and selecting the Limits icon Limits should be established according to your network design Ground Block Limits ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block Error Rate Test Length Test Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Test Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Test Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes MIN 10 0 dBmV 17 0 dBMmV 10 0 dB 25 0 dB MIN 0 0 dBmV 26 0 dB 28 0 dB MIN 0 0 dBmV 35 0 dBmV 1500000 250000 28 0 dB MAX 25 0 dBmV 10 0 dBmV 3 0 dB 10 0 dB 0 0 dB 15 0 dB MAX 15 0 dBmV 10 10 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 2 MAX 15 0 dBmV 55 0 dBmV 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 03 2 Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB Tolerance 0 0
69. M2 M3 Press F1 M1 M2 M3 to select any of the markers and reposition them using the arrow keys 4 3 2 Measure To make measurements use the F1 M1 M2 M3 marker select key and arrow keys to reposition the markers if desired Place M1 on the return signal M2 on the ingress interference or CPD and M3 on the noise floor Press the Measure F2 key for the CM1000 to make the measure ments and calculate the C I and C N The CM1000 automatically takes several measurements across the frequency band of the upstream carrier peak holds those measurements over a short time interval and calculates the APL measures the distortion or ingress and makes the calculations for C N and C I 93 Chapter 4 Measurements Upstream Spec imi E mm F Loc Tap MAREP Aard 15 2 dBMV pk IAA ENG 35 8 dB M1 M2 M3 Measure Ingress More Figure 4 47 4 3 3 More The More function key changes the reference level using the F3 RefLvi function key To change the Marker setup select the Setup key or press More to return to the previous selection Upstream Spec a_i Loc Tap 1 35 2 MHz Setup Ref Lvl More Figure 4 48 4 3 4 RefLvi RefLvi allows using the up and down arrow keys to change the Ref erence Level of the analyzer display The maximum sensitivity is 40 dBmV for measurements however the noise floor may be below this measurement by 10 dB The dynamic range of the measurements is 50 dB on scale with full scale from 0 to 60 dBmV in 10 dB increme
70. MHz IF All may be used to make signal level measurements on analog and digital video however MER BER measurements and cable modem tests require the appropriate IF bandwidth Check the specific model number and options to determine specific capability Standard CM1000s offer only a 6 MHz IF bandwidth while CE models offer only an 8 MHz IF with Annex A capability 23 Chapter 3 User Setup In addition to the channel tables the user may select to set up five DOCSIS channels for cable modem tests and SMART test modes and to set the pilots for the automated SMART tests and Scan mode Pilots may be set for both the analog and digital channels to make separate P V Peak to Valley and Tilt measurements Cesc asa Loc Tap Channel Table Select Standard Channel Channel Use FEC Active Standard Next Field Prev Field Save More Figure 3 4 Crh Ef 13 Loc Tap Channel Table Standard Channel 2 Video Freq ER ji MHz Modulation NTSC Offset 000 kHz Active YES Bandwidth 6 0 MHz V A1 4 50 MHz V A 2 0 00 MHz Invert Spectrum NO Symbol Rate 5 059641 MHz Use Keypad Use FEC Information NO Insert Delete DOCSIS More Figure 3 5 Select the Active Channel Plan To activate a channel select the Channel Tables icon use the Up Down arrows to highlight the table you want active then press the SET Active key F1 The name of the active channel appears at the end of the list such as Active Sta
71. PC IP software If a wrong character is entered use the Back key to erase the last entry 4 4 3 Recalling Data To Recall data select the Data icon on the main menu A list of saved files will be displayed Recall Data in E EG Saved Data Log Information Name Date Time Type 01234567 03012001 08 30 45 Modem 12345678 0301 2001 08 31 55 Tap Ck 23456789 0301 2001 08 33 15 GB Ck 34567890 0301 2001 08 35 30 SetTop Next Set Prev Set Display More Figure 4 53 Use the F1 Next and F2 Prev SET function keys to display additional screen lists of saved data Use the arrow keys to highlight the file to be viewed and then press the F3 Display key The displayed data will look exactly like any of the live screens and allow the user to navigate between various functions as if a live measurement were displayed A saved SMART test will allow the user to view the main result screen the Analog Digital and Cable Modem Detail screens the Measure screen the Detail screens the Scan screen or the Errors Only screens 98 Chapter 4 Measurements General SETUP a F Ethernet MAC Address 00 d0 dd 01 10 1d Emulator MAC 00 d0 dd 01 11 1d CPE MAC 00 d0 dd 01 11 1d Firmware Revision 2 05b 1 69v Enter User ID Time 13 30 55 Date Backlight Timer Power Down Timer Select Channel Table Standard 7 Serial Port Speed Setup Password CY Save amp Ext More Figure 4 54 Old data may be deleted from memory by pressing the F4
72. Pilot Gen Setup ii E E F Return Frequencies Return Pilot Generator Frequencies Freq 1 5 000 MHz Freq 2 10 000 MHz Freg 3 MHz Freq 4 MHz Freq 5 MHz Freq 6 MHz Bt Next Field PrevFied Save Ext Figure 5 9 When the Return Pilot Generator icon is selected the initial screen offers a Setup F4 function On the setup screen you can enter 6 program mable return pilot frequencies for the return pilot generator mode The Next Field F1 key allows moving forward and Prev Field F2 key moving backward through the list Enter the desired frequencies using the alohanumeric keypad Press Save to activate any changes and save them to system memory 116 Chapter 5 Options 5 2 2 Return Pilot Generator Operation Select the Return Pilot Generator icon to display the Return Pilot Gen erator screen 5 2 3 Pilot 1 Frequency Select the frequency for Pilot 1 from the frequencies entered in the PC IP setup screen by using the F1 Next Field F2 PrevField function keys to highlight the Pilot Frequency and the arrow keys to sequence through the pilot frequencies stored in memory Retum Pilot Gen imi F Generator ON Frequency 1 MHz Level 20 0 dBmV Duration 308 Toggle ON Frequency 2 35 000 MHz Level 2 dBmV owen Modulation MHz Next Field Prev Field StarStp Ext Figure 5 10 5 2 4 Level Next set the amplitude for the Pilot with the arrow keys The output range is
73. Ping FTP Server Yes Upload Server 000 000 000 000 Upload User Name User Name Upload Password Password Upload FTP Port 21 Upload Via Ethernet Configuration Server 000 000 000 000 Configuration User UserName Configuration Password _ Password Configuration FTP Port 21 Save amp Ext More Figure 3 3 The second cable modem setup screen sets up the PC Emulator IP Upload Server Upload User Name Upload Password Upload FTP Port Upload Via Configuration Server Configuration User Configura tion Password and Configuration FTP Port The MORE key takes the user to the VoIP screen to view the VoIP MAC address and to set the IP Address of the media gateway for VoIP PING tests To navigate through the Modem Setup IP amp FTP Setup screen use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to highlight the parameter you wish to change Use the right and left arrow keys on the keypad to make changes Always save these changes by pressing the Save F3 key PC Emulator When the PC Emulator function is on the CM1000 simulates a PC connected to the integrated cable modem and runs a second DHCP request to obtain a routable IP address as a part of the cable modem test Several tests such as the Upload Web Download and throughput functions require a routable IP address that is automati cally obtained when required regardless of this setting 20 Chapter 3 User Setup PING FTP Server PING may be turned on to test the conn
74. Procedures 6 5 1 PC IP Software 6 5 1 1 Downloading Replacement Software The latest upgrades are always available at the Sunrise Telecom Web page located at www sunrisetelecom com When upgrading it is best to have a CM1000 available and that you have sent your entire database to it using the Clone Copy command or the Send commands from each of the configuration Setup screens This will ensure that your database information is saved and available in the future Select the Downloads item from the Web page Information is available on this page which explains the changes that you will expect to find in the upgraded firmware and software Typically both the latest PC IP software and CM1000 firmware will be released together Be sure to check the box for the installation package that you need You may check both to download PC IP and CM1000 upgrades You will be asked to fill out a registration form This ensures that you receive important notices about future free upgrades when they become available Once this form is complete begin the download process When prompted select the Save to my PC option and click on OK The upgrades will be saved to the TEMP directory of your PC Once this process is complete go to the TEMP directory and open the installation package for one or both programs 6 5 1 2 Installing the PC IP Upgrade Using Windows Explorer open the PCIP Setup Execute file This will un install the last version of PC IP software
75. RMS of Peak measurements as used for a typical SLM or analyzer to make measurements on video audio CW FM or distor tion signals Press Save amp Exit to save the current settings and return to the main menu screen Press Back to exit the screen without saving the changes 3 8 5 Locations When the realVIEW mode is initialized select the desired location to view by pressing the Up and Down arrow keys Press enter when the desired node or switch selection is displayed The list of location selections is developed in PC IP software or entered directly into the CM1000 and then stored in memory RealView m E f Select Location Location IP Port Main Headend XXxX Xxx xxx xxx 3015 HUB A ONO 3015 BB HUB XXX XXX XXX XXX 015 Headend B HOK ONO KNE 3015 HUB XXX KKK KOK 3015 HUB B XXX OOK XXX 3015 HUB C XXX XXX XXX XXX 3015 Headend C XXX KXX KXX XXX 3015 BA XXX ON KKK KKK 3015 HUB B XXXXKKKXX XXX 3015 HUB XOXOXO OK XK 3015 Next Set Prev Set AddLoc Delete Loc Figure 3 21 Press F3 to Add or F4 to Delete a location Deleting requires a confirma tion Add Loc brings up a pop up window to enter the new location s 49 Chapter 3 User Setup information Name of the location 12 characters IP address of the HEC controller and the port number Once entered press F4 Save amp Exit and the new Location is saved to the list of locations in the Selec tion screen RealView i EF New Location Enter RealView Location
76. Resp EE 90 A NNN 90 4 3 Upstream Spectrum Mode rnnnnrrnnnrnnnnnnovnrrnnnnnnrnnrrnnnnnneenn 92 1 MIN 93 4 3 2 Merkede 93 Aad Nr 94 TR 94 EG JET 0 EE 95 4 4 Data Management rrrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnen 97 44 1 Auto POP Mere 97 442 ND 97 4 4 3 Recalling Data ronnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnnrnvnnennnnnnnennnnnen 98 11 PNL 99 4 5 Downstream Spectrum Analyzer Operation rrvrrrnnnners 102 ASM TE en 102 45 2 FN eee ee ee eee eee ee eee 103 A INE EE 103 43A Moro FA siess RAE 103 45 9 Peak PLA 103 IO e E EE 104 4 5 7 Ref Level rrmrrrrrnnrrrnnrrrnnnrrnnnrnvanrnnnnrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnrnnnnennn 104 10 Mee 104 2590 CC NIUE svenn 105 4 5 10 C Ingress Mode rnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnsnnnnnnnnnnne 105 4 6 Ethernet PC Emulator Option rrrrrnnnnnnnrnnrnnnnnnnrvnnnnnnnnnne 106 4 6 1 Ethernet PC Emulator Operation rrrrrrnnnnnnrvvvrnrnnnenr 106 4 7 Web Download amp PC Emulator rrrarrrrrnnnnnnvnrrnnnnevnnnnnnnen 107 4 7 1 Web Download Operation cccccesssseeeeeeeeeesseeees 107 4 8 CM1000 As Cable Modem ccccccceeeseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeees 108 20 PO oO ND EEE EEE 108 5 IS er 109 5 1 realVIEW Option rrrrrnrrrnvrrrrnnnnnvrrnrnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnne 109 Si Selecting a VEN Ladere 110 5 1 2 realVIEW Spectrum Display rrrrnnrrrrnnnnnnnvrrnnnnrnnnnnnnnenn 112 5 1 3 Measuring Upstream Signa
77. SLM Analog imi ESSER Loc Tap 30 Ch 295 25 MHz 25 5 dBmV 7 10 9 dBmV sd 0 14 6 dB Modulation r 3 108 CH Freq Sca Ref Lvl Figure 4 34 Tuning Select channel or frequency tuning mode by pressing the F1 Ch Freq function key to highlight the channel number or frequency Then enter the channel or frequency on the keypad or use the arrow keys to scroll through the channels in the active Channel Table The measurement results for each channel are displayed graphically with a numeric readout of the channel frequency video carrier level audio carrier level 2nd audio carrier level if used V A video to audio ratio modulation type and adjacent channel video carrier ratio 81 Chapter 4 Measurements Ref Lvl The vertical scale of the graphic display is calibrated in dBmV and is auto ranging depending on the level measures Manually adjust the vertical by pressing the F4 Ref Lvl Reference Level function key and using the arrow keys to scroll the scale up or down The left most bar represents the level of the selected channel s video carrier blue The second bar represents the audio carrier s level magenta A second audio carrier bar will be presented if a second audio carrier is present on the channel The last bar represents the adjacent channel s video carrier level SCAN See the following section on SCAN for the operation of the F2 SCAN function key Limits A yellow box is also displayed in the backgr
78. Upstream Signals The initial soectrum display realVIEW Spec is optimized for viewing and locating the TDMA signal and any intermittent ingress The sec ond measure screen realVIEW Ingress is optimized for making the appropriate ingress and noise measurements With this combination relatively inexperienced users can obtain excellent measurement results without learning or taking the time to use a typical spectrum analyzer RealView Spec km E m F oc Tap Setup Ref Lvl More Figure 5 6 Once the markers are positioned press the Measure key The display goes into an automated peak hold measurement mode and provides the measurements of the Upstream TDMA signal ingress or distortion level C I ratio and C N ratio When the Measure key is pressed the CM1000 continues to scan making calculations based on the AT2000 AT2500 s measurements 1 2 bandwidth around M1 to ensure captur ing the TDMA signal level The entire spectrum of measurements is also in a peak hold mode The CM1000 makes a similar calculation on the measurements at the M3 marker frequency The average power level across the TDMA signal is displayed for the M1 measurement Multiple measurements are inte grated across the bandwidth With this setup the measurement at the M2 marker is the RMS of the peak power level of the measurement at M2 and is displayed next to the M2 marker Calculations are then made to calculate C I the difference in level between the APL
79. am the CM1000 to automatically prompt the user to enter a file name to save the test results every time a SMART test is run If the Administrator has enabled this feature a File Name entry pop up window is displayed following the completion of any SMART test The user enters 1 to 8 characters using the alphanumeric keypad In general a work order number or customer number is used The same file name may be used for each of the different SMART and manual tests performed The date time type of test user s name and test results data are saved in the CM1000 Complete measurement results not just a screen shot are saved 4 4 2 Saving Data rs E Any measurement may be saved to memory in the CM1000 Complete measurement results are stored not just a bitmap of the screen To Save the test results press the Shift and Save F3 key Enter File Name and Enter to Save Back to Edit Date Time Type 01 05 02 15 00 01 SLM Scan Figure 4 52 97 Chapter 4 Measurements A pop up window will be displayed to enter the file name for the data Enter up to 8 characters The file is also stamped with the date time and type of file saved The same file name i e work order number can be used for one file of each type You can save an SLM Scan Tap Check Set Top Check Upstream and Cable Modem Check amp File all with the same 8 character file name This helps to coordinate the files to a single site when they are retrieved or downloaded to the
80. asure ments and links to more detailed information on the Downstream and Upstream and offers a graphical display mode MODEM m F Loc Cable Modem DOWNSTREAM _ UPSTREAM RN 741 00 wiz Feeney 22 00 vi M lod ul lation 256 QAM Modulation 16 QAM Level 12 7 dBmv 7 dBm TX Level 42 7 dBmV 7 dBmv HESS 55 8 1 5 E 8 Ms 4 7 9 Rate CAP 3 0 MB S Lost Pkts Disc Pkts 00005 _ Moe Figure 4 17 4 1 8 Downstream CH Displays the current downstream channel number and center frequency Modulation Displays the current downstream modulation type 64 or 256 QAM Level Displays the downstream signal level APL MER Displays the MER or Modulation Error Ratio for the QAM signal PreBER Displays the Pre FEC BER of the downstream signal PstBER Displays the Post FEC BER of the downstream DS Rate Displays the results of the downstream throughput test 0 to 10 5 Mb sec or N A if the test is turned off 4 1 9 Upstream Frequency Displays the frequency of the upstream signal in use Modulation Displays the upstream modulation type QPSK or 16 QAM 66 Chapter 4 Measurements TxLevel Displays the integrated cable modem s transmitted signal level BkER Displays the calculation of the upstream lost packets vs transmitted packets Lost Packets Displays a count of the lost packets not returned from the ping IP address DISC
81. ated in the Service and Maintenance chapter Full Color Display The full color display provides clear easily discernible test and menu screens in both dark and full sunlight conditions Status LED indicators Six LED indicators provide the status of the downstream connection upstream connection link Ethernet connection power and battery functions RF Input F Connector Connection to the cable TV network under test Field replaceable F 81 Be sure to use an appropriate F 81 some are not designed to accept both RG 6 and RG 59 center conductors Ethernet RJ 45 Connector Connection to PC 10 100 Mbs Ether net network port Chapter 2 Overview 2 2 CM1000 Keyboard Functions 2 2 1 Keypad DELETE i OPTION BACK ENTER POWER Figure 2 2 2 2 2 Function Keys 9 O H d G POWER TURNS UNIT ON OR OFF F1 F4 Function keys top row of keys Programmable Functions as displayed at the bottom of the color display each based on the current screen displayed SHIFT Changes the keypad s operation of each key to the second function as noted in Orange text above each key DOWN OR RIGHT ARROW KEY Sequences through the displayed items decrements items on the display or moves the marker to the right UP OR LEFT ARROW K
82. ations Chapter 2 Overview 2 2 3 Second Function Keys LIGHT Turns display backlight On Off CONTRAST Adjusts display contrast SAVE Saves the most recent test results to a file and prompts the user to enter a file name using alphanumerics PUSH PIN OR LOCATION Sequences through the locations Tap Ground Block Set Top and Cable Modem The location is displayed at the top right of each measurement display The location also determines the Limit criteria for all manual tests This key is inactive in the SMART test modes The Programmer sets up Limit criteria for each location The Limits for that location is used to determine Pass or Fail results ALPHA KEYS 2nd function SHIFT on numeric keys The alphabet is used to enter file names for Saved screens and data results DELETE 2 function SHIFT on Back key used to delete files from stored data OPTION 1 2nd function SHIFT on Enter key Accesses the Options menu 2 3 Getting Started 2 0 1 Accessories The CM1000 is supplied with the following standard accessories AC line charger DC charger Field Operating Guide 13 Chapter 2 Overview e RS 232 DB 9 serial cable e Protective rubber boot e Soft jacket amp strap e Strand hook 2 3 2 Options Available The following options are available for an additional charge e Return Pilot Generator Option e realView remote view of the upstream spectrum from an AT2000 2500 and realWORX
83. bled when the CM1000 is shipped from Sunrise Telecom The CM1000 requires configuration of the cable modem parameters to range and register with the CMTS If you have not configured your CM1000 manually or with the PC IP software please install the PC IP software on your PC or set up the CM1000 manually according to the manual Channel tables and downstream DOCSIS channel selection is per formed from the front panel if the user is allowed access Once the cable modem ranges and registers on the network a setup configura tion file can be downloaded to configure the CM1000 If a download configuration file is not set up on an FTP server for the network the unit may be configured manually The default is to allow access If the administrator wants to limit the user s access to these configuration features PC IP software or the General Setup password required can be used to DISABLE the user s access Setup Menu b ESF Loc Tap Cable Channel Modem Tables General a Upstream Return Pilot Limits Spectrum Generator bal RealView Browser Figure 3 1 A series of setup screens for establishing any of the parameters pro vide flexibility in configuring the CM1000 These parameters may also be set up via PC IP software Access to the General Setup screens is password protected and programmable enable or disable on a screen 15 Chapter 3 User Setup by screen basis Once the password is established and entered the user ma
84. ck to the full constel lation display 76 Chapter 4 Measurements im E F Loc Cable Mader Time a DIAGNOSIS Coher Intf ERE Capture JE Exit Figure 4 29 ESR SESR Mode ESR is only available if the Error Data Display in the Digital Setup screen is set to ESR SESR Stats as shown in Figure 4 29 provides additional detail about the downstream signal by replacing the Constellation display with Elapsed Time Available Time Unavailable Time Errored Seconds Ratio and Severely Errored Seconds Ratio Elapsed Time The time that has expired since the test was initiated Available Time The Elapsed time minus the Unavailable Time Unavailable Time A count of all the unavailable seconds since the beginning of the test An unavailable second is any second with a loss of signal Unavailable seconds are also counted at the onset of 10 consecutive severely errored seconds Once an unavailable second has been declared the following seconds continue to be counted as unavailable until the service is declared to be available again Service becomes available at onset of 10 consecutive available non severely errored seconds ERR Sec Ratio The ratio of the number of errored seconds to the Available Time Sev Sec Ratio The ratio of the number of severely errored seconds not fixed by FEC to the Available Time The right side of the screen continues to display the MER PREBER PSTBER LEVEL ERRSEC and SEVS
85. cond SetTop Limits imi E m F Analog Channel Table Standard v Tests MIN MAX TOL X Video Carrier Level 10 25 0 X Video to Audio Ratio 10 17 0 X Adjacent Channel 3 0 X Tilt 10 0 X Peak to Valley 10 0 Video to Audio2 Ratio 10 A7 0 Next Field Prev Field Save amp Ext More Figure 3 14 36 Chapter 3 User Setup Measurements Use the F1 amp F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired test and press the Enter key to toggle the measurements from active to inactive The X to the left indicates that a measurement is active Limits Continue using the F1 amp F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired limit and enter the numeric value on the keypad followed by the Enter key A listing of the default limits is located in the Appendix D Some measurements like Video Carrier Level have both a minimum and maximum Limit Test results between these two limits will be pass ing test results above the maximum or below the minimum will fail and be displayed in red Tolerance TOL In addition to limits a tolerance can be set for each measurement The tolerance is a margin inside the acceptable limit passing that will give a warning when test results are passing but are MARGINAL because they were within the Tolerance value of the Limit For instance if the Video Carrier Level Limit is set to a minimum of 0 dBmV and the maximum is set to 15 0 dBmV with a tolerance of 2 0 dB measurements of 0 0 to 15
86. controller e CM VoIP VoIP services testing of MOS R Factor latency jitter and lost packets e CM WB Web Browser and PC emulator e CM USG module to generate upstream signals with MAC header and embedded FEC information Some options are field installable contact your local sales representa tive to determine the capability of adding options 2 3 3 Power The CM1000 may be powered from the internal battery with a run time of approximately 3 hours The AC charger or DC vehicle charger may be used to power or charge the CM1000 Thermal protection will reduce the charge rate at high temperatures The battery indicator at the top center of the screen indicates 3 levels of charge Full Moder ate and Minimal 2 3 3 1 Charging When received your CM1000 has a partially charged battery Before taking it to the field or beginning the programming and configuration process be sure to charge the battery An 80 charge capacity should be reached in approximately 4 hours with a full charge requiring ap proximately 8 hours The CM1000 can be operated while charging the battery at the full charge rate as long as it is maintained at room temperature 3 1 User Setup Menus PC IP software may be used to properly configure your CM1000 with your channel plan selection of tests and the Pass Fail Limits before you use the SMART one button test icons Setup may also be done from the keypad if this feature is enabled Front Panel Setup is ena
87. ctive The X to the left indicates that a measurement is active PING Time Specifies the Limit for the time allotted for PING packets to be returned from the IP address entered for the PING test Select from 10 mSec to 1 000 mSec Limits Continue using the F1 and F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired limit and enter the numeric value on the keypad followed by the Enter key A listing of the default limits is located in Appendix D Some measurements like Transmit Level have both a minimum and maximum Limit Test results between these two limits will be passing test results above the maximum or below the minimum will fail and be displayed in red MER Separate limits are provided for cable modem tests separate from the digital video limits See the Appendices for a complete review of MER and recommended performance and limits BER Measurements Separate Pre and Post FEC Limits are also provided The limits are entered in scientific notation See Appendix A for a complete review of scientific notation To enter a limit in scientific notation select the desired limit and enter the first two digits the man tissa They will be the first two numbers displayed and will automatically be followed by the E indicating a scientific notation number Enter 41 Chapter 3 User Setup the exponent last and press Enter to complete the Limits entry To set a limit to 1 0E 6 enter the following on the keypad 1 fo
88. d digital pilots and for choosing the SMART test channel tables 26 Chapter 3 User Setup Okc asia Loc Tap Channel Table Standard Channel 2 Video Freq ER ji MHz Modulation NTSC Offset 000 kHz Active YES Bandwidth 6 0 MHz VIA1 4 50 MHz V A 2 0 00 MHz Invert Spectrum NO Symbol Rate 5 059641 MHz Use Keypad Use FEC Information NO Insert Delete DOCSIS More Figure 3 6 More More F4 returns to the original menu To change a channel s allocated frequency delete the channel and edit it back into the channel plan using the Insert function Note Whenever the active channel table is changed or offsets are added the ranging frequency in the Cable Modem Setup must be reset accordingly DOCSIS When the DOCSIS F4 key is pressed the 5 user selectable downstream DOCSIS channels are displayed as shown Fig 3 7 The active channel table is displayed followed by the 5 DOCSIS channels for cable modem tests Press Next Field F1 or Prev Field F2 to se quence through the Presets 1 to 5 each is highlighted when selected The current channel may be changed by pressing the Up or Down arrow keys When the desired channel is displayed in the DOCSIS channel field go to the next Channel using the Next Field F1 key or to the previous Preset using the Prev Field F2 key The frequency and modulation type are displayed but are not editable in this screen Frequency and Modulation type are setup in the previ ous Cha
89. dmv pk CREA arg 17 9 dBm pk Maer Mi M2 CF Span Analyzer More Figure 4 62 4 6 Ethernet PC Emulator Option NOTE The Ethernet PC Emulator feature is not included in the CM1000 equipped with the Web Browser option The Ethernet PC Emulator is used to substitute the CM1000 for a PC connected to the user s cable modem A successful test ensures the cable modem s ability to make a network connection and to provide an operational Ethernet port to the PC Downloading a bitmap checking Time amp Date and displaying the routable IP address ensures a working connection 4 6 1 Ethernet PC Emulator Operation and Enter Options keys A menu of the options installed in your CM1000 will be displayed Before using the Ethernet feature the CM1000 must be connected to the user s cable modem via the RJ 45 Ethernet connector using a crossover Ethernet cable Use the arrow keys to highlight the Ethernet icon and press Enter s Select the Ethernet PC Emulator option by pressing the Shift 106 Chapter 4 Measurements Ethemet m EF P 111 222 333 444 SUNRISE TELECOM 07 11 03 15 45 37 Refresh Exit Figure 4 63 The CM1000 connects to the network through the user s cable modem completes a DHCP process to receive a routable IP address simulating the PC displays the IP address display a the date and time from the TOD server and downloads and displays a bitmap on the screen The test bitmap webscn bin must b
90. e 14 2 PO 14 3 VET SA Nr 15 3 1 User Setup Menus rrrrnnnrrrrvrrnnnnrnrvrnrrnnnnnsrrnnnnnnnnssrnnnnnnnnnee 15 eo Modem SetuP EE NE 17 3 3 Channel Tables rrnornrrnnnnrnovnrrnnnnnnrrnrrrnnnnnvrrnrnnnnnssennnnnnnnnee 23 3 3 1 Downstream DOCSIS Channel Setup rrrrrrnnnrrrrrrnnnnnnnre 23 3 3 2 Channel Table Setup 0 c cscccsscesseececcnsceeeesseeesctesseeves 23 3 4 General Setup rrrrnnrrnnnnnnorvrrnnnnrnnrrnrrnnnnnssrnnnnnnnssssnnnnnnnnsee 30 3 4 1 User Setup ME eee 31 3 4 2 Detail amp Auto Setup rrrrrrrrnnnnrnoovrrrnnnnnrrrnrrnnnnnnsrnnnnnnnnnee 34 Sa DN EE EE ENE 36 J MN 36 352 D CMIS esnips rna S aa NER ER 38 3 5 3 Cable Modem Limits cccccceecsseeeeceeeeeeeseeseeeeeaeseeeeees 40 3 6 Upstream Spectrum Se tup ccccccccccsssecceessseeeeeeeeeeeeeaees 43 3 6 1 C N Carrier to Noise rrrrrrrnnnrnnrrnrrnnnnnvrrnrrnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnner 44 3 6 2 C I Carrier to Ingress sescaccezeceucnmesdstesuntwessnateeedvexx ostecedex 44 3 6 3 Interference vicidsiiasesisieivancsiuannad vend gudsdnrmindiansiwenaeveiarennieniaiun 44 3 6 4 Marker SA 44 3 7 Return Pilot Generator rrrrrnnnrrrnrnnnnronnnnnnnonrnnnnrnnrnnnnsennnnn 46 JD EMNE edel 47 3 8 1 C N Carrier to Noise rrrrrrrnnnrnnvrnrrnnnnnnrrnrrnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnner 48 3 8 2 C I Carrier to Ingress rrrrrnnnrnnvrrrrnnnnnvrrnrrnnnnnnrvnnnnnnnnnee 48 30 MATEN sense 48 3 8 4 Marker Setup rrrnrrrnn
91. e CM1000 will connect to the realWORX Controller server via the Internet using the internal cable modem It retrieves the measurements and displays the results on a screen similar to the up stream spectrum You can view the upstream spectrum at the site of the AT2000 AT2500 and input switches from anywhere in the RF network In general the user will select the realWORX controller the AT2000 AT2500 and the input switch to view the upstream signals coming from his location and use this data to troubleshoot the network for loss ingress CPD or noise The real VIEW option is accessed from the Option menu Use the arrow keys to highlight the real VIEW icon and press Enter The realVIEW option provides a spectral view of the return spectrum from 5 to 50 MHz 65 for Annex A with the ability to view the bursty TDMA upstream cable modem signals ingress CPD and noise A unique measurement mode measures the TDMA signal level any in gress or CPD the C I and the C N ratio The frequency range is fixed by the AT2000 AT2500 setting or realWORX The CM1000 checks the setting to ensure compatibility and will provide an error message for adjusting the Freq or Span on the analyzer as required RealView m E f Select Location Location IP Port Main Headend XKX XXXK XXx xXxx 3015 HUB A ONO 3015 HUB XXK XXX XXX XXX 015 Headend B ODEON KN 3015 HUB KIK KKK KE 3015 HUB B XOX OOK OK XXX 3015 HUB C XXX XXX XXX XXX 3015 Headend C XXK XXX
92. e V A2 sets the frequency for the secondary audio carrier V A2 is measured only in the single channel measurement mode Invert Spectrum Invert Spectrum Yes inverts the spectrum of the demodulated RF signal If the CM1000 fails to lock to the designated digital channel it will automatically try the inverted spectrum mode Symbol Rate The symbol rate for the signal being tested are set au tomatically for both 64 and 256 QAM 5 056941 MHz for 64 QAM and 5 360537 MHz for 256 QAM in a 6 MHz bandwidth and 6 95200 MHz for 64 and 256 QAM in an 8 MHz bandwidth The user may use the alphanumeric keys to change the default rate to any other data rate Use FEC Info When this parameter is set to NO the forward error correction information is ignored This setting can be used for locking on non DOCSIS proprietary signals The default setting is YES for all digital channels and N A for analog channels The MORE key offers the user additional functions INSERT DELETE DOCSIS and MORE Insert Insert F1 provides an editable version of the screen shown in Figure 3 5 Enter new channels using the arrow keys or the Shift and alphanumeric keys followed by Enter Delete Delete F2 immediately deletes the currently displayed chan nel DOCSIS DOCSIS F3 opens a new screen for selecting up to 5 downstream DOCSIS channels to be used in the Cable Modem tests and functions In addition it provides access to menus for selecting the analog an
93. e stored in the FTP server directory root used for throughput testing Press F1 REFRESH to restart the process beginning with DHCP Press F4 EXIT to return to the main menu 4 7 Web Download amp PC Emulator NOTE The Web Download feature is not included on models equipped with the Web Browser option The Web Download PC Emulator option is used to substitute an the CM1000 for a PC and cable modem A successful test ensures the network s ability to provide a cable modem and Internet connection Downloading a bitmap checking Time amp Date and displaying the routable IP address ensures a working connection 4 7 1 Web Download Operation To select the Web Download press the Shift and Enter Options keys to display a menu of the options installed in your CM1000 Before us ing the Web Download option the CM1000 must be connected to the network Use the arrow keys to highlight the Web Download icon and press Enter 107 Chapter 4 Measurements The CM1000 will go through the complete cable modem range and register process to connect to the network complete a DHCP process to receive a routable IP address simulating the PC display the IP ad dress display the date and Time from the TOD server and download and display a user defined 320 x 240 bitmap on the screen Press F1 REFRESH Figure 4 59 to restart the process beginning with range and register Press F4 EXIT to return to the main menu 4 8 CM1000 As Cable Modem
94. ection to the FTP server prior to Throughput tests If PING is turned off the Throughput test is initiated without a PING test If the connection is bad the Throughput tests will take several minutes to time out Upload Server Address Enter the FTP file server address to upload the Saved test results files The default address specifies an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom You will want to set up your own FTP server and create a directory for the test results When test results are uploaded a directory is created for the System Name with sub direc tories for each Technician Name and a directory for each file name containing the individual saved files See the PC IP software manual Appendix for information on setting up your FTP server Upload User Name Most FTP servers require a log in user name Enter the user name for the FTP server here The default user name is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Upload Password Most FTP servers require a log in password Enter the password for the FTP server here The default password is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Upload Port Most FTP servers use a specific port Enter the port for the FTP server The default port for most FTP servers is 21 as it is for the FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Upload Via Select from Ethernet or Cable Modem Select Cable Mo dem to connect to the upload server over the network using the cable modem Select Ethernet to connect
95. ements 4 5 2 CF Span F2 Provides a pop up window for the user to set the desired center fre quency and span of the analyzer The analyzer may be set for a CF from 50 to 860 MHz with a span of 8 16 32 or 64 MHz The current CF and Span are displayed in the bottom right corner of the display The unit will always return to the last CF and Span setting 4 5 3 CCIN F3 Pressing CC N F3 changes the analyzer mode to a composite car rier to noise ratio measurement mode Set M1 on the desired carrier and M2 on the noise floor M1 is automatically set to a RMS of peak measurement and M2 is automatically set to an average power level measurement in a 4 0 MHz bandwidth D stream Spectru m F m Beak 480 520 481 2 MHz 18 5 dBmV pk F Span 0 NUM ara 12 9 dBmV avolheie 5608 Peak On Setup Ref Level More Figure 4 60 4 5 4 More F4 Provides access to the additional function keys 4 5 5 Peak On F1 Places the measurements and display in a Peak Hold mode The maxi mum level on each sweep is held and maintained until the F1 function key is pressed to turn the Peak Hold Off Chapter 4 Measurements Loc Hub123 arier 18 5 dBm pk fl ed 17 9 d8mV pk 36 4 dB Next Field Prev Field Save amp Exit Figure 4 61 4 5 6 Setup Provides a menu to set the Analyzer markers Note that these settings do not affect the special functions of CC N or C Ingress The current frequency settings are saved when the Anal
96. entry line and then sequence through the stored addresses Press the Trace F3 function key to initiate the Trace test using the address marked by the arrows along side the list The last seven 7 entries are stored Trace Result CMTS 10 00 00 04 1 10 J 00 00 100 216 99 44 J 10 z 216 99 J 23 11 Finished Figure 4 23 Trace Route If the user selects TRACE F3 from the Trace Address screen in Figure 4 22 the display will provide a list of the servers routers along the data path between the CM1000 and the address selected or entered in the Trace Address screen The TRACE RESULT screen is shown in Figure 4 23 4 1 13 Downstream Detail DOWNSTREAM UPSTREAM Modulation Level 7 Modulation 16 QAM Pee 42 7 dBmv se 47E 4 PreBER 1 5 E 8 EEN Eo Rate CAF 3 0 MB S Lost Pkts 00012 Disc Pkts 00005 Rate CAP 3 0 MB S Moe Figure 4 24 72 Chapter 4 Measurements From the Cable Modem test screen shown again in Figure 4 24 func tions are provided for Downstream Upstream Graphic and More Select the desired function with the F1 to F4 function keys The MORE screen offers links to the IP Detail screen or to reset the timers for BER and BkER measurements DOWNSTREAM i imi E F Loc Cable Modem CH 116 Freq 747 00 MHz LEVEL dBmV 10 0 15 25 MER dB 22 26 32 36 Pre BER Pst BER 1 0E 3 1 0E 5 1 0E 8 lt 1
97. eously turn the toggle mode on and set the dwell to 500 mSec To view the alternating pilots on a spectrum analyzer set the frequency span to 50 MHz with a 25 MHz center frequency set the RSB resolu tion bandwidth to 300 kHz or higher the video bandwidth to 100 kHz or higher and the sweep time to 100 mSec The analyzer display will appear as if two carriers are being generated 119 Chapter 5 Options 5 3 Web Browser Option The Web Browser option provides the ability to demonstrate web surfing and to access any client software with a web based interface including workforce management set top and cable modem provision ing e mail and others Most workforce management systems offer a web interface for field personnel allowing them to view work schedules customer data open and close jobs reschedule jobs get broadcast messages and report test results all through the Web Browser and a simple connection via the network Operators can greatly simplify the task of provisioning set tops and cable modems by allowing the installers to set up these devices right from their CM series meter using the Web Browser option Provisioning is simple easy and always done on time since the user can enter the data and make changes from the field and then verify proper operation while the Installer is on site avoiding calls back to the Service Center to change or check settings In addition to getting work orders and schedules over t
98. er A simple 500 kB to 5 Mb text test file should be placed in the web page directory of the HTTP server Throughput Server Address Enter the HTTP and FTP file server address to send and receive data from the CM1000 for upstream and downstream throughput data rate tests The default address specifies an HTTP and FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom You will want to set up your own server to test the data rate through your network not across the ISP or Internet networks See the PC IP software manual Appendix for information on setting up your HTTP FTP server Throughput User Name Most FTP servers require a login user name Enter the user name for the FTP server here The default user name is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Throughput Password Most FTP servers require a login password Enter the password for the FTP server here The default password is an FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Chapter 3 User Setup Throughput Port Most FTP servers use a specific port Enter the port for the FTP server The default port for most FTP servers is 21 as it is for the FTP site maintained by Sunrise Telecom Throughput Rx File Enter the name of the file that was placed in the HTTP web page directory of the HTTP server for downstream throughput tests Be sure to use the matching case Some servers are case sensitive Cable Modem Setup Screen 2 MODEM SETUP imi E E F IP amp FTP Setup PC Emulator IP On
99. er level to view a numeric readout of the same information Figure 4 8 by pressing the F2 Measure function key Numeric measurement results are displayed for the same tests Both the analog and digital numeric details are displayed on the same screen for conservation of screens and for comparison purposes Any measurement results that are outside of the limits range will be displayed in red To look further into the measurement detail data press the F3 DETAIL function key Analog channel data is shown first followed by the digital channels Figure 4 9 Measurement results for all of the channels tested are displayed Tests not programmed in the configuration setup by PC IP are marked N A Any measurement results that are outside of the limits range will be displayed in red Digital Measurements include the APL average power level MER Pre FEC BER Post FEC BER and the modulation type If a digital channel fails to lock an Unlocked message replaces the BER measurements In many cases there will be a great deal of detail If there are 135 chan nels in the channel table used for the SMART test there will be 135 channels listed in the Detail screen The user may use the F1 Next Set and F2 Prev Set function keys to scroll through the multiple screens of data or may choose to press the F3 Errors function key to view only those channels which have a measurement outside of the limits criteria Figure 4 10 Thus only failing channels inf
100. er to transmit all of the data and overhead without losing packets 134 Chapter 5 Options VoIP Serv Flow jg E mmm F Codec Type G711u Requested Bandwidth 111 4 kb sec Jitter Tolerance 800 usec Granted Bandwidth 111 4 kb sec Jitter Tolerance 800 usec Packet Rate 20 msec Exit Figure 5 24 5 5 6 IP QoS Tests IP QoS is a secondary test mode that allows the user to make latency jitter and lost packet measurements via the standard best effort service flow This allows the user to qualify the cable modem data service flow with tools similar to the VolP tests 1 From the Cable Modem Check screen press MORE and then the F3 IP QoS function key 2 The CM will display a screen similar to the VoIP test screen and run the same tests via the best effort cable modem data ser vice flow The test time is the same as set for the VolP tests 3 Tests may be repeated by pressing the RESET F1 function key 4 Other functions provide cable modem test results ii E m F Server 10 3 0 250 DOCSIS Mode 1 1 BPI QoS Class Best Effort Downstream Upstream Tx Pkts 005123 MZE 005123 005098 FE 005098 000026 MERE 000026 1 0 PAPARE 1 0 150 mSec EE 150 mSec 10mSec MEN 10 msec Reset CM US DS IP Detail CM Detail Figure 5 25 135 Chapter 5 Options 5 6 CM USG Upstream Signal Generator Option The CM USG is designed to be used in combination with a QAM Ana lyzer such as the AT
101. es the critical Latency Jitter and Lost Packets through the network to the media gateway Note that this manual covers all of the CM1000 models and their op tions Not all features are available in all models Only CE models offer Annex A compatibility and have a 6 and 8 MHz IF for EURO DOCSIS and Annex A digital video Many models can be upgraded without returning the meter to the factory Consult your Sunrise salesman for specific compatibility and options 1 2 Preparation for Use Read this chapter to prepare the CM1000 for use Follow the instruc tions for unpacking and inspecting the CM1000 Compare the received items to the packing list Read all warnings and information on power requirements Follow the initial checkout procedure to verify that the CM1000 is in good working order Chapter 1 General Information 1 2 1 Unpacking and Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping container when the CM1000 is received If the shipping container or shipping material is damaged check the con tents of the shipment for completeness and check the mechanical and electrical condition of the CM1000 and accessories Notify Sunrise Telecom if the contents are incomplete if there is mechanical damage or defect or if the CM1000 does not pass its internal self test procedure If the shipping container is damaged keep the container and packing materials for inspection by the carrier and notify the carrier as well as Sunrise Telecom 1 2 2 Shipment C
102. even after some deg radation and aging 162 Chapter 7 Reference Appendix D FCC Requirements The following chart summarizes many of the key requirements for test most often performed in the process of a drop installation but is not necessarily comprehensive and is believed to be up to date at the time of original printing Summary of FCC Testing Requirements 76 605 a 3 Minimum visual carrier level Requirement 0 dBmV at subscriber terminal and 3 0 dBmV atend of 100 ft drop cable connected to tap Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test Two times per year Equipment R equired SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer or automated test system 76 605 a 4 Visual carrier level 24 hour variation Requirement Not to vary more than 8 dB within any six month interval measured before the converter Number Of Channels AII NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test In J uly August and J anuary February 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test Equipment Required SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer or automated test system 76 605 a 4 i Maximum signal level of adjacent channel Requirement Within 3 dB of any visual carrier within 6 MHz Number Of Channels All NTSC or similar video channels How Often to Test In J uly August and J anuary February 1 test each channel every 6 hours for each 24 hour test Equipment Required SLM system analyzer spectrum analyzer
103. f a test result is passing or failing Passing test results within the limits criteria are indicated in a normal screen color Failing test results are indicated in red both graphically and in text Default values for the Limits are shown in the screens and also listed in the Appendix D 3 5 1 Analog Limits The first screen displayed is the analog measurements setup screen The location is at the top left of the screen Tests may be selected us ing the F1 amp F2 key Tests toggle from enabled indicated by an X to disabled by pressing the Enter key when the desired test is selected highlighted Maximum and minimum acceptable limits may be entered The tolerance may also be set for each measurement Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Save any changes by press ing the Save amp Exit F3 key once the setup is complete Channel Table Select the channel table to be used for the automated SMART tests for the location displayed at the top left of the screen The channel table used for the selected location may be any of the 16 available channel tables and different from the channel table used for the other SMART tests and different from the active channel table used for the manual measurements mode Often an abbreviated channel plan may be used for automated SMART tests to reduce the testing time Approximately 10 analog channels can be measured per se
104. favorite URLS and to enable or disable the user s ability to browse to other URLs Use the F1 NEXT FIELD and F2 PREV FIELD function keys to navigate to the desired field and enter the URL of the desired web site Enabling URL ENTRY will allow the user to press the F1 ENTER URL function key to enter any URL in the browser mode Disabling this feature will limit the browser to the Home and Favorite URLs You may want to set one of your favorite URLs to the Cable Modem Diagnostic Web page typically 192 168 100 1 signal html This will allow you to view the diagnostic page on the CM1000 using the Browser in the PC Emulator mode 125 Chapter 5 Options 5 4 VoIP Option The VoIP option is based on the integrated DOCSIS 1 1 cable modem Although the CM does not include an MTA basic VoIP network testing can be done by analyzing the key parameters that provide VoIP capabil ity 2 service flow a high priority USG unsolicited service grant flow network latency and jitter The major benefit of this feature set is to establish an IP connection to the VoIP Media Gateway or other server after connection to the CMTS is established Once IP connectivity is verified additional tests include measuring the latency and jitter of the data transferred between the cable modem and the gateway The test ing process begins with a CMTS connection followed by establishing a second upstream and downstream USG priority service flow according to the QoS requ
105. ference and laser clipping and compression Reset Reinitializes the calculations of BER test measurements and resets the ERRSEC and SEVSEC counters to zero and restarts the Elapsed time display More More offers additional function selections including EQUAL IZER FREQ RESP ZOOM STATS and MORE as shown in Figure 4 26 The Zoom function can be used to zoom in on any quadrant of the constellation display 75 Chapter 4 Measurements Constellation rd Loc End of Line Ch 116 Freq 747 00 MHz m33 372 dB dl 1 5E 7 PstBER 4 7E 8 eV 12 7 dBmV QoOogdg Sanagaag dadao 0000014 g dzee 0000008 Jee 0000004 Reset ZOOM More Figure 4 27 ZOOM MODE In some cases it is desirable to get a closer look at the individual constellation clusters From the Constellation Screen press MORE F4 and ZOOM F3 as shown in Figure 4 27 One quadrant of the constellation will be highlighted Use the Up Left and Down Right arrows to choose the quadrant you would like to zoom in on and press the F2 ZOOM function key Constellation a Loc End of Line Ch 116 Freq 747 00 MHz RSS 37 2 dB Saito 0000008 sae 0000004 Reset ZOOM I more Figure 4 28 Zoom At this point the ZOOM key has been changed to ZOOM Pressing ZOOM will change the screen to show only the quadrant of interest The ZOOM key then becomes ZOOM Zoom The ZOOM key will take the user ba
106. forming approximately 10 channels per second with comprehensive measure ments of Video Carrier level Audio Carrier level Adjacent Channel level Tilt Peak to Valley and a second Audio Carrier level if used The diagram Fig 4 6 shows the relationship between measurements Figure 4 6 S Chapter 4 Measurements Analog Detal imi E F Loc Set Top Min Max _ _ _ x__ dBmvV 20 0 30 50 Peak to Valley dB 20 10 5 15 mm CT TT sm dB 20 10 5 15 Adj Channel dB 20 10 5 15 Video Audio 1 Video Audio 2 dB 30 20 5 5 Scan Measure Detail Exit Figure 4 7 The Analog Detail screen provides bar graphs of the measurement re sults for all of the channels tested The limits windows are indicated in yellow Any measurements outside of the limits are displayed in red The graphic results include the range of all measurements from the highest to the lowest all graphed on the same chart If none of the bar graphs are red all of the measurements are within the Pass Fail limits and the SMART test passes the installer can go on to the next test From any available Detail screen the user navigates directly to any of the previous screens or returns to the beginning screen by pressing the BACK key If measurement bars are red you may want to drill down another level to view a numeric readout of the same information by pressing the F2 Measure function key Numeric measurement results are shown for the
107. ghlighted 52 Chapter 3 User Setup Download If Download F3 is pressed the new configuration file is downloaded saved and will be available for selection from the System Name list on the Setup screen NOTE After a download the database configuration file does NOT become active until selected in the Cable Modem Setup screen EXIT If EXIT is selected the unit continues its current process No files are downloaded and nothing is changed If no file is found F1 Configuration is not displayed and normal op eration continues Select the Configuration File Pressing Configure F1 will list the current configuration files available on a Configuration screen and highlight the first file F1 Next navigates the highlighted file to the next configuration file page in the list Up and down arrows navigate between highlighted items in the list F2 Prev navigates the highlighted file to the previous configuration file page in the list Up and down arrows navigate between highlighted items in the list F3 Download downloads the file and makes it available to the user by going to the Setup screen and selecting the system name of the file downloaded 53 Chapter 3 User Setup 54 4 1 SMART Tests Main Menu hv all Ground Block Tap Check Check ma L pame vocem i dBmV SLM Set Top Check Scan Recall Data Spectrum Figure 4 1 Automatic SMART Selectable Measurement
108. gnals Press Save amp Exit to save the current settings and return to the active measurement screen Press Back to exit the screen without saving the changes 45 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 7 Return Pilot Generator The Return Pilot Generator option provides a selectable 9 return band test signal that may be injected into the return system for measuring loss or gain and leakage A toggle mode provides two alternating signals for frequency response balance measurements and adjustments sA Fl When the Return Pilot Generator icon is selected form the Main Setup Menu you can enter 6 programmable return pilot frequencies to be used in the return pilot generator mode These frequencies are preset so that network signals will not be accidentally disturbed The Next Field F1 key allows the user to move forward through the list The Prev Field F2 key allows the user to move backward through the list Enter the desired frequencies using the alphanumeric keypad The Save F3 key activates any changes that have been made and saves them to system memory Pilot Gen Setup im E F Return Frequencies Return Pilot Generator Frequencies Freq 1 MHz Freq 2 MHz Freq 3 MHz Freq 4 20 000 MHz Freq 5 MHz Freq 6 30 000 MHz Next Field PrevFied Sae Ext Figure 3 19 46 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 8 realVIEW FG The realVIEW setup icon is used to setup the
109. he Web Browser workforce management system the user can upload test data get the latest meter configuration for his system or easily move from system to system or even upgrade to the latest firmware right over the network Web e mail can be enabled to allow users to e mail each other or to allow one way two way or broadcast messaging Never waste the beginning and end of the day running to the office to get work orders or to turn in data Efficiently send broadcast e mail to everyone rather than using the radio or phone to call each person The Web Browser offers endless possibilities Users can be provided with web access to driving instructions work procedures strand maps troubleshooting guides or about any information that you can imagine 5 3 1 Browser Operation The Browser function is accessed from either the Browser icon or PC Emulator icon on the Option menu PC Emulator provides Browser functionality through the Ethernet port emulating a PC The Browser provides Browser capability through the internal cable modem replac ing the customer s cable modem and PC 120 Chapter 5 Options en Cul 14 z PC Ernnlator Browser aes Return Pilot VoIP RealView Generator Figure 5 11 5 3 2 Display Once a cable modem or Ethernet connection is established the user may access URLs over the network via an integrated browser soft ware client similar to a PC Browser The user has the ability to select admin
110. he frequency The initial default settings for CM USG are a frequency of 5 MHz for all channels and 8 dBmV with a 2 56 MB S symbol rate Chapter 5 Options 140 6 1 Battery Replacement The CM1000 s battery is a nickel metal hydride battery which is user replaceable Battery replacements are available from Sunrise Telecom The use of batteries other than those specifically approved by Sunrise Telecom may damage the test equipment and will void the warranty Figure 6 1 To replace the battery remove the four screws located in the lower portion of the unit s rear panel The part number for the replacement battery is ASY 12183 010 B 6 1 2 Internal Rechargeable Battery To avoid damaging the internal battery optimize its life and guarantee a full charge in 6 8 hours the following steps should be followed e Let the CM1000 cool to room temperature before recharging e Turn the CM1000 off before plugging in the charger e Leave the CM1000 off while recharging e Always leave the charger connected whenever the CM1000 is not in use 141 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support PRECAUTION Do not charge the CM1000 while above room temperature or with the unit turned on The internal battery may be hot or become hot reducing its life and significantly increasing the time required for full charging to occur NOTE Use only the supplied AC adapter or the optional DC adapter to recharge the CM1000 Incorrect polarity
111. ht the parameter you wish to change Changes are made using the right and left arrow keys on the keyboard Always save your changes by pressing the Save F3 key System Name The system name is the default setting for the con figuration file that defines the setup for the CM1000 The system name will be used when checking the FTP server for new configuration files when uploading saved files and when saving test results Ranging Method The Ranging Method parameter designates how your CM1000 will go about finding a DOCSIS CMTS The choices are as follows Dwell on Ranging Frequency This is the normal mode of operation for the CM 1000 and will minimize connection time This setting is recom mended when you have only one specific DOCSIS CMTS downstream frequency you are interested in The unit will try to connect to the CMTS on the frequency specified in the Ranging Frequency window only 17 Chapter 3 User Setup No other searches will be performed The user may also change the downstream ranging channel manually when a test is initiated The only channels available are those selected in the DOCSIS ranging channel list as programmed in the Channel Table Setup Scan Ranging Channels When selected this parameter starts the search at the first DOCSIS Ranging Channel as programmed in the Channel Table Setup If ranging and registering fails on the first channel the CM1000 will sequence through the list of ranging channels until it ma
112. ignal under test will appear on the left portion of the screen The Constellation is a graphic display of a QAM modulated digital signal It can be used to view impairments in a network whether they come from noise interfering signals distortion or irregular frequency translation phase distortion The shape of the constellation can provide many clues to the condi tion of the QAM signal Examples of constellation displays with typical impairments are provided in the Appendix MER On the right hand side of the Digital Video Screen are the test measurement results including MER MER Modulation Error Ratio is the digital equivalent of signal to noise and is the measurement of the demodulated digital signal in the noise of its environment This mea surement is based on constellation statistics and is the ratio of where the data actually plots on the constellation to the ideal center of the constellation decision window A minimum of 26 dB MER is needed for 64 QAM 30 dB for 256 QAM PREBER The PREBER Pre FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the incoming signal prior to being corrected by the FEC Forward Er ror Correction circuitry in the CM1000 A minimum of 1 0 E 7 should be expected although FEC may be able to correct errors as high as 1 0 E 6 PSTBER The PSTBER Post FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the signal after the FEC has resolved and corrected all of the errors it can Any errors not corrected by the FEC will
113. impair DOCSIS transmis 86 Chapter 4 Measurements sions and decrease throughput 1 0 E 9 is typical performance although any errors lt 1 0 E 0 will reduce the data transfer rate LEVEL This gives the level of the digital signal under test average power level 15 dBmV to 15 dBmV according to DOCSIS specifica tions Lower levels may result in poor MER ERRSEC The number of errored seconds that have occurred during the duration of the test prior to correction by FEC The total elapsed time since the test was initiated is also displayed below the Constellation SEVSEC The number of severely errored seconds which have oc curred since the beginning of the test which were not correctable by FEC AUTO DIAGNOSIS All downstream detail screens including the Cable Modem downstream contain an auto diagnosis function as seen in Figure 4 38 This patent pending function will automatically diagnose QAM impairments and report them in the DIAGNOSIS window lower portion of the screen The CM1000 will auto diagnose impairments including phase noise coherent disturbances intermittent interference and laser clipping and compression Function Keys EQUALIZER FREQ RESP and CONSTELLATION are available on each of the EQUALIZER FREQ RESP and CONSTEL LATION screens More More offers additional function selections including ZOOM STATS and MORE as shown in Figure 4 39 The Zoom function can be used to zoom in on any quadrant
114. ing of the cable modem or the MTA emulator for voice service and no special ac count setup 6 The CM will switch to the VoIP test screen and after 30 seconds display the test results VoIP Test fee E F Server 10 3 0 250 1 1 BPl UGS Online Downstream Upstream 4 1 MOS 4 1 R Factor 87 005123 000423 HEGE 1 0 1 1 DEES 000051 DAES 000005 150 mSec ARNE 120 mSec 10 mSec 15 mSec Reset CM US DS VoIP Detail CM Detail 87 Tx Packets Figure 5 23 Note the DOCSIS mode and BPI indication and the verification that the test is done via the UGS Unsolicited Grant Service dynamic QoS setting Results for both the upstream and downstream are provided Tests may be re run by pressing the Reset F1 function key Anew DQoS service flow is established for each test Discarded packets are included in the Lost Packet percentage since they are not usable Other function keys and the BACK button provide access to Cable Modem test results 5 5 5 IP Detail Tests The IP DETAIL F3 function key provides access to the QoS details for the VoIP tests Details include the Requested Bandwidth and Jitter Tolerance the Granted Bandwidth and Jitter Tolerance the Packet rate and the CODEC type Requested and granted Bandwidth are critical as the CODEC in use requires a minimal bandwidth for the voice data plus the additional bandwidth required for the overhead A 64 kb s G711 u CODEC may need over 100 kb s service flow in ord
115. ion key to view only those channels that have a measurement outside of the limits criteria Thus only failing channels information is displayed 59 Chapter 4 Measurements CH Video Audio Delta Adjacent Mod 004 15 127 11 2 13 0 NTSC CH Digital MER PreBER PostBER Mod 90 35 24 1 0E 7 1 0E 9 64QAM Next Set Prev Set Errors Exit Figure 4 10 4 1 3 Digital Tests From the initial result screen of a SMART test press the F2 Dig Det Digital Detail function key to view the digital detail screens They are displayed in two parts Digital Level and Digital BER measurements The digital measurements will take longer than the analog channels MER and BER measurements need to be made over time to provide a sufficient number of samples to ensure an accurate measurement The Administrator determines the exact time in the PC IP software Digital Video setup screen Separate MER and BER measurements are provided for 64 QAM and 256 QAM channels since the limits are typically different Digital Detail Le F Loc Sel Top Scan Measure Detail BER Figure 4 11 60 Chapter 4 Measurements The graphic results show the range of all measurements from the highest to the lowest all graphed on the same chart If none of the bar graphs are red all of the measurements are within the Pass Fail limits and the SMART test passes the installer can go on to the next test If measurement bars are red the user may want to move down anoth
116. ions if needed The VolP test is integrated into the Cable Modem Check functions This allows the user to ensure the modem is on line and operating normally All Cable Modem test results are available in this mode Ensure that the modem is able to establish a good modem connection on the network l 2 Initiate a Cable Modem Check as you normally would Note that a line is added to the display to indicate the BPI operation If BPI is activated on your network the indication will be Pass If this does not pass check that your meter is properly provisioned as a DOCSIS 1 1 modem with Manufacturer s Digital Certificates Use the function keys to navigate between various cable modem result screens to ensure that the modem is on line and function ing normally If necessary press the BACK key to get to the Cable Modem Check screen CM Check jy E F Loc Set Top Cable Modem Range amp Register Pass On Line BPI Pass Downstream toi amp amp 0 3 6 9MB S Upstream Rate ME cc 0 3 6 9 MB S VolP US DS More CM Detail Figure 5 22 To initiate the VolP tests press the F1 VolP function key When the test Is initiated the CM will establish an upstream and downstream DQoS Dynamic Quality of Service service flow with the CMTS This is a separate service flow from the best effort service flow used by the cable modem for data services 133 Chapter 5 Options The DQOS service requires no special provision
117. irements The priority QoS service flows are then used to test IP connectivity and to measure Lost Packets the Latency and Jitter of the VoIP connection 5 4 1 VoIP Tests When the VoIP option is added to the meter the VoIP icon is added to the Options Menu screen ene i Bo Return Pilot RealView Generator Figure 5 16 Select the VoIP icon to begin a series of automated and manual VoIP verification testing and troubleshooting measurements 126 Chapter 5 Options 5 4 2 Initial Range amp Register When selected the first step in the VoIP test process is to Range amp Register with the CMTS The unit goes through the same process as used for a cable modem test indications of the current DOCSIS mode and BPI configuration are indicated followed by establishing the QoS and TFTP file download VoIP Network Loc Tap Network Tests Downstream 747 00 Locked Upstream 37 0 Done DHCP IP Assigned TFTP Downloaded Emulator IF IP Assigned Cancel J Channel _ Figure 5 17 Each step is indicated according to the display If a failure occurs it is reported in the list at the point it fails When complete the user may attempt to Continue if a catastrophic failure has not occurred Other wise the unit will automatically continue to the next step and display the test results 5 4 3 Network VolP Test Results The main test results screen shows the results of the CM connection
118. isable access to the setup and configuration screens Password The password allows the user to access the additional unit configuration screens including the administrator controlled User Access screens The first entry in the Password field sets the password for the unit Enter the initial password carefully and press Enter Once set the password can only be changed in PC IP software Note Use a password that you will not forget but that will not be known or obvious to others If you lose or for get the password please contact Sunrise Telecom customer support 31 Chapter 3 User Setup MORE This first General Setup screen is always accessible The password must be entered to access the administrator functions Once the password is entered the MORE F4 key will be visible Pressing the MORE F4 key will display the second General Setup screen User Setup Access Figure 3 11 If the F4 MORE key is not displayed enter the password to display the MORE F4 key and press the F4 key to gain access to the User Setup Access screen Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field for selection of the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key when the setup is complete on the entire screen General SETUP im E F User Setup Access Channel Table Enabled F Limits Cable Modem Setup General Setup User Setup Access Detail amp Auto Setup Upstream Setu
119. istrator programmed Favorite URLs or if enabled to enter URLs If surfing is enabled the user may navigate the web just as with a PC The URL is displayed in a Browser Bar similar to most PC programs and displays the current URL The IP address of the current URL is displayed in the upper right corner of the display Note Depending on the web page content it may take sev eral seconds to display the page contents especially pictures 121 Chapter 5 Options Browser rat F P 216 077 098 252 URL www sunrisetelecom com SUNRISE TELECOM i torsecotien Gqulpenent oiai Products Sippert Sevices From the Lab6ratory to the Fieldi Weave You Covered 1tegrated Communications Tesi Soiutons Access Broadband Core Protocol scalable solution i Cable Transport ormer Enter URL Home NAV More Figure 5 12 ARROW keys Sequence the highlighted link selection from object to object on the screen from top left to bottom right The screen automati cally scrolls to keep the selected object in the display area ENTER Terminal key for entries the equivalent of clicking your mouse over the current selection 122 Chapter 5 Options 5 3 3 Navigation DELETE i OPTION BACK ENTER POWER Figure 5 13 The function keys provide navigati
120. kes a successful connection Note If the CM1000 will not range with the CMTS using one of the above methods try using the SLM Mode to test the downstream signals If the wrong downstream is selected the CM1000 will not be able to range with the CMTS IF the Upstream channel dictated in the UCD from the CMTS is not available at the connection point the CM1000 will not be able to range with the CMTS While all downstream signals are typically present throughout the network upstream channel access is typically limited to a few nodes since the upstream is broken into many segments to alleviate noise and ingress issues MAC Address Select either USER DEFINED or ETHERNET MAC using the arrow keys If ETHERNET MAC is selected the CM1000 will attempt to connect to the CMTS using its own internal MAC address This address must be provisioned entered into the CMTS by the network administrator prior to registering on the network Some networks may allow a connection grace period allowing the CM1000 to range and register for a short period of time or with other restrictions Check these CMTS and DHCP settings carefully to prevent operational errors lf USER DEFINED is selected the user will be prompted to enter a user defined MAC address or accept the internal Ethernet MAC address at the beginning of each cable modem test The internally programmed MAC address is stored in memory and used as the default if the user does not
121. key and entering the desired Frequency Up to six 6 frequencies may be entered Use the F1 NEXT FIELD and F2 PREV FIELD keys to select the frequency to setup and the numeric keypad to enter the frequency Frequency may be entered 137 Chapter 5 Options to the nearest 1 KHz Be sure to SAVE your settings before exiting this screen The tuning range is 5 to 65 MHz Upsteam Gen Le TE lai ene Pilot Generator Channels MHz MHz MHz 0 MHz MHz 00 MHz Use Next Prev to Highlight amp Keypad to Enter Figure 5 27 Save SAVE F3 will save these frequencies to memory Exit Exit returns the user to the main CM USG Menu The initial default settings are all 5 MHz 5 6 4 Operation User kel a 15 Generator On Frequency MHz Level dBmV Symbol Rate MS S Bandwidth 3 2 MHz Upstream Generator is ON Sop XY Setup Figure 5 28 In the Upstream Generator screen there are only a few controls The user may select a frequency to use set the ILevel and set the symbol rate of the modulated signal The displayed bandwidth is based on the symbol rate selected 138 Chapter 5 Options 5 6 5 Frequency Selection The user may select the frequency from the frequencies entered in the setup screen by using the F1 NEXT FIELD F2 PREV FIELD keys to highlight the Frequency and using the arrow keys to sequence through the setup frequencies stored in memory If the generator is on and the user makes a
122. l and be displayed in red 3 6 2 C I Carrier to Ingress The C I Limit is minimum acceptable upstream carrier to ingress ratio The DOCSIS specification requires a minimum of 25 dB which is the default limit Results with a C I ratio of 25 dB or greater will pass results less than 25 dB will fail and be displayed in red 3 6 3 Interference The Interference limit is the maximum acceptable upstream interference signal level The ingress scan will determine the margin between the ingress noise CPD or other interference and this maximum interfer ence level 3 6 4 Marker Setup Using the F1 Next Field and the F2 Prev Field keys select the desired field to change The typical marker setup is discussed above Frequency Use the numeric keypad to enter the desired frequency for each marker and press Enter Bandwidth Use the arrow keys to sequence through the bandwidth selections from 0 to 8 0 MHz and press Enter when the desire bandwidth is displayed This bandwidth will be used to make the APL average power level measurements for the specified bandwidth 44 Chapter 3 User Setup Detector Use the Up or Down arrows to sequence from Average to Peak for the detector selection Average will select a detector for mak ing APL measurements for digital signals Peak will select a detector for making RMS of Peak measurements as used for a typical SLM or analyzer to make measurements on video audio CW FM or distor tion si
123. lator IP A second IP address assigned to the CM1000 ensuring that a routable IP address is assigned by the network via the DHCP process Emulator IP will need to be on and functioning for the FTP Upload and Browser option to be functional 69 Chapter 4 Measurements Gateway Typically CMTS that provides the interface between your network and the Ethernet connection TFTP Server The IP address of the server providing the TFTP file download cable modem configuration file TOD Server The IP address of the server providing the Time and Date information for the network DHCP Server The IP address of the server providing the DHCP pro cess to assign IP address to cable modems and network devices TFTP File The cable modem configuration file downloaded from the TFTP server defining the cable modem s operating parameters CM IP Detail m EF Loc Cable Modem CPE IP ADDRESS 10 2 0 132 GATEWAY 68 2 0 140 CM Detail PING Trace More Figure 4 20 A second IP detail Screen provides CPE IP Address The IP Address assigned to the CPE emulator used for throughput tests This IP must be routable to the HTTP and FTP server Gateway The IP address of the gateway used by the CPE PING Results If the user selects PING F3 as shown in Figure 4 20 the display will provide the selected Ping Address and the results of pinging the address four times displaying the Number of BYTES transferred the TIME req
124. llowed by followed by 0 followed by 6 The E is added automatically See the Appendix for recommended performance and limits Tolerance TOL In addition to limits a tolerance can be set for each measurement The tolerance is a margin inside the acceptable limit passing which gives a warning that test results are passing but are marginal because they were within the tolerance value of the limit For instance if the Rx Level limit is set to a minimum of 0 dBmV and the maximum is set to 15 0 dBmV with a tolerance of 2 0 dB measure ments of 0 0 to 15 0 will pass measurements less than 0 dBmV and greater than 15 0 dBmV will fail and measurements between 0 to 2 0 dBmV and 13 0 to 15 0 dBmV will be marginal and passing Test Length The test length specifies the amount of time for which the Pre FEC BER and Post FEC BER measurements will be made The range of programmable times is 1 to 30 seconds Shorter test length times result in quicker SMART tests but smaller samples of the data Longer test length times result in longer SMART test times but give more accurate measurements since a larger sample of data is taken Since cable modem service is more susceptible to interruption and there is only one cable modem downstream channel to test you may want to run the test length at 5 or even 10 seconds to get a better sample Location The location may be changed as in the measurement mode by pre
125. ls rrrrrrrrrnnnnnonrrnnnnvnnnnnnnnnne 113 5 1 4 Ingress rrmrannrrnnnnnvnnnnnrrnnnnrennnnnennnnnrnnnnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnennnnee 114 5 2 Return Pilot Generator Option ccccccssssseeeeeseeeeeeees 116 5 2 1 Return Pilot Configuration rrrrrrnnnnnrrrrrrnnnnnnrvnnnrnnnnnre 116 5 2 2 Return Pilot Generator Operation rrrnnnrrvrnnnnnvrnrnnnnnern 117 20 FOL 1 FEGUENE arctuermmorcersdvesraniqossnsncnencaemianadauesibeeit 117 ST ENE 117 Oy I UO EE 117 620 PIOU onn E E 118 ET NL 118 5 2 8 Modulation BW Luang meer 118 5 2 9 Operation with an Analyzer rrrrrrrnnnnnnrrnrrnnnnnrvrnnnrnnnnnre 119 5 3 Web Browser OptiOn ccccccccceessseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeesaeeeeeees 120 5 3 1 Browser Operation Lassa anined dude 120 Dies SISA RE 121 Boe Nede 123 5 3 4 POP TEN 124 EE SN dn 125 NPR 126 54 1 VOIP TOSI rv 126 5 4 2 Initial Range amp Register rrrnrnrnnnnnrvrnnnnvrnnnnnvnnnnnrvnnnennnnee 127 5 4 3 Network VoIP Test Results rrrrrrnnnnrrrnnnnrrnnnnrrnnnnnvnnnnne 127 5 4 4 Cable Modem Setup rrrrrrrrnnnnnrvrnrnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnne 128 54 5 PC BT 129 5 5 VolP Option ete cececetesececeseanedcecasdetcqesessatsndesoi auasonessccesanecs 130 5 5 1 Installation Prerequisites sstesvicorsaccscnnimratnnnseximesininnniweniraweds 130 5 5 2 Setup and Operation rrrrrrrrnnnnnrvorrrnnnnnvennnnnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnnre 130 5 5 3 Setting Up the CM for VolP rrrrnnnnnnnnnrvnnn
126. mV and the maximum is set to 15 0 dBmV with a tolerance of 2 0 dB mea surements of 0 0 to 15 0 will pass Measurements of less than 0 dBmV and greater than 15 0 dBmV will fail Measurements between 0 to 2 0 dBmV and 13 0 to 15 0 dBmV will be marginal and passing 39 Chapter 3 User Setup Test Length The test length specifies the amount of time during which the PreFEC BER and PostFEC BER measurements will be made The range of programmable times is 1 to 30 seconds Shorter test length times result in quicker SMART tests but smaller samples of the data Longer test length times result in longer SMART test times but more accurate measurements since a larger sample of data is take Location The location may be changed as in the measurement mode by pressing the Shift and then Location F3 key and selecting the desired location from the list displayed in a pop up window The MORE key takes the user to the second Limits setup screen for the digital tests 3 5 3 Cable Modem Limits The third screen for selecting the desired cable modem tests setting the minimum and maximum acceptable limits and entering a tolerance for each test TAP Limits Me ie Cable Modem Channel Table Standard v Tests MIN MAX TOL X Receive Level 0 15 X Transmit Level 35 55 0 X Downstream Rate 1500000 0 X Upstream Rate 250000 0 X MER 26 0 X Pre FEC BER 1 0E 6 0 X Post FEC BER 1 0E 7 0 X Block Error Rate 1 0E 3 0 X Test Length 2 Next
127. mbinations of I and Q Figure 7 6 The amplitude is represented by the distance of the point from the center The phase is represented by the angle of rotation around the origin center of the graph In order to create the constellation the incoming data is plotted on the constellation graph Only a sampling of the data is plotted because the symbols arrive too fast to plot them all Remember the symbol rate for 64 QAM is 5 056 941 symbols per second On a perfect QAM signal the plotted dots will all fall right on target As impairments on the system effect the QAM signal these plotted points will form clusters The noisier the signal the more spread out or fuzzy these clusters become One measure of just how fuzzy these clusters are is called MER 153 Chapter 7 Reference A 256 QAM Constellation Q Amplitude e s 8 O 6 o 8 6150 a O o 895 8 9 8 6 o 8 oel3v o os 8 8 n e e 9 9 0 o 8 sje a 9 sesees s8s e e e oa asa 8 8290 8 O 0 0908 082 e op 8 o o 8 0709 o 88 88 8 8 ae p a 8 83 9 495098 eoe 8 08 0 8 8 8 e 5 9 o oe o 08 038 8 O G e 95 8 B es 9 8 8 9 pig eoe oa 8 e s 8 8 15 13 11 9 7 5 3 L 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 I Amplitude eeees ee e je eesee8eees s ea 8 9 gt 82 9 8 she 8 8 8 86 8 8s ev 9 8 O 9 9 50 O 0 9 8 8 9 n e e 9 5 8 9 eo e768 a ses ess 8s 8 8 5 8 8 6 96 6 5 9 BO 06 8 8 e e oe o g a 8 B JO 1 0 0 085 5 8 e 5 8 u s HE ee 8 oe 96 8 ee e sss 8 050 6 So 0 9 8 8 256 Possible
128. mmary of the downstream measurements and a short description of what each provides More detail is available via our on line seminars at our website www sunrisetelecom com e MER MER Modulation Error Ratio is an indication of the oper ating margin of the system e PREBER The PREBER Pre FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the incoming signal prior to being corrected by the For ward Error Correction circuitry in the CM1000 e PSTBER The PSTBER Post FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the signal after the FEC has corrected all of the errors it can Any errors not corrected by the FEC will impair DOCSIS transmissions and decrease throughput What is a Constellation Q Amplitude o o 070 eo 030 eo 0 sie 1 3 5 7 I Amplitude 3 1 9 eo O0 eo 0 50 2 eo O0 9 070 O O 64 Possible Combinations of I and Q Figure 7 5 Figure 7 5 is a near perfect 64 QAM constellation 64 QAM is simply a digital modulation format that contains 64 words or symbols It uses a digital language that has only 64 words All of 151 Chapter 7 Reference the communications are done by transmitting data using only these 64 possible words or symbols in the 64 QAM language A QAM signal itself is a signal that is constantly changing not only in amplitude but also in phase These changes are taking place millions of time per second 5 056 941 times per second for an
129. n digits to the right exponent 9 3 x 10 miles decimal part a exponential part Figure 7 2 149 Chapter 7 Reference Very small numbers can be as awkward to write as large numbers A paper clip weighs a bit more than one thousandth of a pound 0 0011 lb This would be expressed in scientific notation as 1 1 x 10 Ib or 1 1 E 3 The negative sign indicates that the decimal point is moved to the left Scientific Notation 0 0011 Ib 1 1 x 102 Ib these 2 digits are retained Instruction 3 move the decimal 1 1x10 Ib point three digits to the left Figure 7 3 Numbers are customarily written with one digit to the left of the decimal point 1 0E 00 1 0E 04 1 0E 05 1 0E 06 1 0E 07 1 0E 08 1 0E 09 1 0E 11 1 0E 12 Scientific Notation One in Ten 1 100 One in One Hundred 1 1 000 One in One Thousand 1 10 000 One in Ten Thousand 1 100 000 One in One Hundred Thousand 1 1 000 000 One in One Million 1 10 000 000 One in Ten Million 1 400 000 000 One in One Hundred Million 1 1 000 000 000 One in One Billion 1 10 000 000 000 One in Ten Billion One in One Hundred Billion One in One Trillion Zero no errors Figure 7 4 Scientific notation is used to measure BER since the bit error rate is typically very small one in one million 000001 to one in one billion 000000001 or 1 0 E 6 to 1 0 E 9 150 Chapter 7 Reference Appendix B What Are MER and BER Listed here is a Su
130. ndard in the example of Figure 3 4 Whenever the active channel table is changed or offsets are added the ranging frequency in the Cable Modem Setup must be reset accordingly 24 Chapter 3 User Setup Editing Channel Tables From the Channel Table Edit screen use the Up Down arrow keys to highlight the channel table to be edited then press Edit F3 The screen shown in Figure 3 5 will appear Defaults for each channel plan establish the initial channel parameters The default table is provided in the Appendix Press the Next Field F1 or Prev Field F2 keys to navigate through the list of parameters The Up Down arrows scroll through the choices for each parameter Save F3 activates the changes and saves them to memory Channel Channel number may be numeric or alphanumeric depending on the channel plan Press Shift to enter alpha char acters Video Freq Center Freq The video carrier frequency if the channel is set to any analog modulation type and denoted as the center fre quency of the channel for all digital modulation types Note that digital carriers are tuned and designated by the center frequency and not the frequency of the typical video carrier for a channel Modulation The type of modulation expected may be setup by select ing from NTSC PAL B PAL B G PAL D PAL G PAL I 64 QAM or 256 QAM DVB64 DVB256 QPSK QPR and PSK Note The default for channels above 550 MHz is 64 QAM Channel bandwidths and da
131. ngress and display the margin between the limit and the current measurement Like the Upstream Spectrum screen the markers may be moved and the Mea surement function used to make measurements of any ingress viewed on the display The Setup and Ref Lvl functions are also available from the More key The CM1000 will report each of the following failures in a pop up message e If the CM1000 fails to make a cable modem or server connection e If the AT2000 AT2500 parameters are incorrect e If the switch setting is incorrect e lf the data retrieved is invalid 115 Chapter 5 Options 5 2 Return Pilot Generator Option The Return Pilot Generator option provides a selectable return band test signal This signal may be injected into the return system for measuring loss gain or leakage A toggle mode provides two alternating signals for frequency response balance measurements and adjustments The Return Pilot Generator icon only appears on the Options Menu if the option is installed on your CM1000 5 2 1 Return Pilot Configuration Select the Return Pilot Generator icon from the Main Option Menu The frequencies for the Return Pilot Generator are programmed manually in setup or by the Administrator using the PC IP software Thus a test carrier will not be placed at an unwanted frequency such as on top of an active return signal A toggle mode provides two alternating signals for frequency response balance measurements adjustments
132. nn 146 6 7 2 Sunrise Telecom s Responsibility rrrrrerrrnnnnrrrrvnnnnnnn 146 T HEEN 149 Appendix A Scientific Notation srrrnnrvnnnnrnnnnnnnrrrnrvvnnnrnnnnnnn 149 Appendix B What Are MER and BER meeevnnnnnnnnnrrrnrvevnnnnnnnnnn 151 What is a Constellation ma rvrvavevdvsnsseaanermtde 151 Measuring the Quality of a QAM Signl cccccessseeeeeeeeeeeees 152 A256 QAM Constellation ieccvoscesscve sesdevevsedcadcetsssuvieoevinssdtiwesacisd 154 HEM Ev 154 Expected Test Results rrrnvnnrnnnnnnnrvvrrnnnnnnrvvvrnnnnnsrvenvnnnnnnsseen 155 Effects of Noise Digital amp Analog r rrrnnrrvvrnnnrrvvrnnnvrrerrnnnnrennnn 157 Why 256 QAM Is Better rrrrrrrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnravovrnrrnnnnnnnnnnnnn 158 MADE nn 159 USING BER sto dace ca Traean E AEAEE 159 Pre amp Post FEC Bee 160 Appendix C Expected Digital Performance cccccsseeeeeees 162 COMPASSO ENE 162 Appendix D FOG Requirements arnnnvennnvvnnnnnnnnnnnvennnnnnnnnnnen 163 Appendix E Limits rrrnrnnvrvvnnnnvrrenrnnnvrvnnnnnrreernnnervennnnnsrennnnssnenn 164 Default Limits Settings factory setting rrrnnnrrrrvrrnnnnnrrvenn 164 Appendix F Channel Tables ccccssececccssseeesseseseeeseeeeeeeens 170 US Germany China and UK Default Channel Plans 170 Additional Channel Plans Japan South Korea Taiwan Spain and Poland EEE EEE NE taomatowsd 173 vii viii 1 1 Introduction
133. nnel Setup screen A channel must first be programmed into the channel table to be selected as one of the DOCSIS downstream ranging channels 27 Chapter 3 User Setup rd Solel rol ile ed ole Downstream Ranging Channels STANDARD Channel Freq MHz Modulation Docsis 1 64 aam DOCSIS 2 747 000 64 QAM pocsis3 117 753 000 pocsis4 118 759 000 64QaI Docsiss 119 Net Feld X Prev Fed Save Pios Figure 3 7 When all of the desired Preset DOCSIS channels are displayed save the setup by pressing the Save F3 key PILOTS When the PILOTS F4 function key is pressed the channel table being programmed and analog and digital Low and High Pilots are displayed as shown in Figure 3 8 Press Next Field F1 or Prev Field F2 to sequence through the Pilots each is highlighted when it is selected The current channel may be changed by pressing the Up or Down arrow keys When the desired channel is displayed in the Pilot field go to the next Pilot using the Next Field F1 key or to the previous Pilot using the Prev Field F2 key PILOTS ee F Loc Ground Block Analog Digital Pilots Analog Channel Freq MHz Modulation Low 55 250 NTSC High 499 250 64 QAM Digital Low 741 000 64 QAM High 765 000 64 QAM Net Feld Prev Field Save J Favorite Figure 3 8 The frequency and modulation type are displayed but are not editable in this screen Frequency and modulation ty
134. nnel table for the SLM and Scan fea tures the Downstream DOCSIS channels can be selected from the channel table channels must be in the channel table Automatic Network Configuration The CM1000 may be automati cally configured over the network when a CMTS connection has been established Use the manual Channel Table setup feature to set the downstream DOCSIS channel make a connection to the CMTS using the cable modem test and download the configuration file for the net work you are testing by pressing F1 Configure A list of the available configuration files will be displayed Use the arrow keys to select the desired file and press F3 Download 3 3 2 Channel Table Setup The Channel Table Selection screen can be accessed at any time Press the Shift and then Setup button on your CM1000 keypad highlight the Channel Table icon using the ARROW keys and press Enter F4 vent m osr s iig Three US and three user programmable plans for cable TV desig nated channels are available Nine international channel plans are also included Standard HRC and IRC plans plus Germany PAL B G China PAL D UK PAL IHRC Japan NTSC M South Korea NTSC M Hong Kong PAL I Taiwan NTSC Spain PAL B G and Poland PAL B G These plans match many other countries which are not listed here A complete list of each channel plan is provided in the Appendix E Note Not all models are capable of Annex A B and C 6 and 8
135. nnnnnnrrnnnrnnnnnre 131 5 5 4 Using the VolP Function siicecseneccicinseacteedeleoeseadacenenteeaie 133 5 5 5 IP Detail Tests iniiierscnscssuaieersernardnsasvavdverasbacedvussavantaniiawsens 134 DO POOR NN 135 5 6 CM USG Upstream Signal Generator Option 136 5 6 1 NS AM ee 136 5 6 2 Generator Operation rrrrrrnnnnnnrrnnrnnnnnnrrnnnrnnnnnrrnnnnnnnnnre 137 563 NN 137 504 OP ralON esin 138 5 6 5 Frequency Selection cccccccccesesseeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeesaeeeeeees 139 5 6 6 Output Amplitude Setting rrrrrrrrnnnrrrrrrrnnnnnnrrnnnrnnnnnre 139 5 6 7 Symbol Rate Setting s rene 139 56068 NN 139 6 Maintenance Support and ServiCe rrr sanrurrvnnnuuvvnnnnn 141 6 1 Battery Replacement rrrrnnnornnnnrrnnnnnvnvnnnvnnnnnvnnnnnnvnnnnnennnn 141 6 1 2 Internal Rechargeable Battery rrrrrnnnnnnvennnnrrvvenannenre 141 SEO 3 10 Been eee eee een eee or E en er nee EE 142 vi 6 3 TE ON 142 6 4 Flash Card Replacement cccccceeeeeessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaas 143 6 5 Upgrade Procedures cccccesccceseeceeseeeceeseeceeeeesseeeeeeees 144 6 5 1 PC IP Software u1asssesmsenietenahajdnn dieer 144 6 5 2 Installing the CM1000 Upgrade ccccsssssseeeeeeeeeeees 145 6 6 Technical SUPPOrLumamamsaaniommenmnmiuesdsvaniii denn 145 6 7 Returning Equipment To Sunrise Telecom srrrnvennnnnns 145 6 7 1 Customer s Responsibility ax rnnvvvrrnnnnnnrvvrrnnnnnnrvennnn
136. nnnnorvrrnnnnnnrrrnrrnnnnsrrnnnnnnnnsssnnnnnnnssee 48 Oe LOGON EE 49 3 9 AO OAM 51 3 9 1 Checking available files rrrrrrrrnnrrrrrnnnrrrrrnnnrrrvrnnnrennnnn 52 4 Measurements annnnnnennnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnennnuennnunnn 55 41 TT 55 4 1 1 Detail Screens rrrannnrnnnnnonnnnnnovnnnnrnnnnnennnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnennnnnen 57 4 1 2 Analog I6SIS sinciaussuinesxnesvinmnecmisaveineeuiyieanenesaatearcinseaneins STA 4 1 3 Digital LOSS wcniniitisantsaesiascininaiilinaeenduannconadinrstlapshdwenead eid ovthuiern 60 AAAS OA a EEE espero 4eeeeeues tesosss ease EE 61 4 1 5 Cable Modem Tests cccccccccsseeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeaas 62 4 1 6 Cable Modem Range amp Register cccceeeeeeeseeseeeees 63 4 1 7 Cable Modem Detail rrrnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnvnnvnnnnrrnrnnnnrnnvnnnnevnnnnn 65 4 1 8 Downstream rrnnnnrnnnnnvnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnene 66 TEN 66 4 1 10 Upstream Detail rrrrannnrrnnnnnnovrnnnnnvvnvannnrrnrnnnnennvnnsntrnnnnn 67 4 1 11 Continuous Cable Modem Tests cccccecssseeeeeeeeeees 69 d P22 PENE eee eee a ne me eee eee 69 4 1 13 Downstream Detail rrrnnnnnonnnnnonnnnnrnnnnnrnvnnnnnvnnnnnnnnnnen 72 4 2 SLM Measurements ccccsseeccesseeecaseeecaseeeceuseeseaseeees 81 2 SINE 81 222 84 4 2 3 5 CH 59 EEE 85 4 2 4 Constellation iisscnctautiniccdeatansacntaiteanaian takoontastundnadsieataavansnctink 86 ER o EEE EM 89 4 2 6 Freq
137. nts Use the arrow keys to increase or decrease the full scale setting Mea surements above full scale or below 40 dBmV may not be accurate 94 Chapter 4 Measurements Upstream Spec km E F Marker Setup set measurement parameters Mi Marker TOMA Next Field Prev Field save amp Exit Figure 4 49 4 3 5 Setup Setup will allow the user to change the initial Marker settings as previ ously mentioned To change the Marker Setup press F2 From the Marker Setup screen the user may sequence through the setup criteria using the F1 Next Field and the F2 Prev Field keys to select the desired field to change The typical setup is discussed above Frequency Use the numeric keypad to enter the desired frequency for each marker and press Enter Bandwidth Use the arrow keys to sequence through the bandwidth selections from 0 to 8 0 MHz and press Enter when the desired band width is displayed This bandwidth will be used to make the APL Aver age Power Level measurements for the specified bandwidth Detector Use the Up or Down arrows to sequence from average to peak for the detector selection Average will select a detector for mak ing APL measurements for digital signals Peak will select a detector for making RMS of Peak measurements as used for a typical SLM or analyzer to make measurements on video audio CW FM or distor tion signals 95 Chapter 4 Measurements Ingress Scan a vt E F Loc Tap
138. nu Pressing the ESC key will take the user back to the initial Cable Modem test screen 78 Chapter 4 Measurements Loc End of Line P 1 5E 7 PstBER EE 12 7 dBmv singel 0000014 ERRSEC FFE SA 0000004 DIAGNOSIS Coher Intf EE Const n Equalizer SLM More Figure 4 31 Freq Resp If Frequency Response F2 is selected from the Downstream MORE menu the constellation display is replaced by an in channel frequency response display This display provides a frequency spectrum of 2 5 MHz total of 5 MHz with a vertical range of and 10 dB The Frequency Spectrum screen is shown in Figure 4 31 Ss ___i Loc End of Line Laval 2 9 8 dBmV 4 x MER 40 Wie Pra 5 je 8 BER 4 MM A Pat 18 9 BER Ves 10 20 30 Ad 50 60 Stat Minutes Upstream Figure 4 32 Downstream STATS Selecting the STATS mode will provide a screen displaying a series of measurements over time Level MER PreFEC BER and PostFEC BER are all measured continuously and the worst case measurement during the time period is displayed graphically The time period may be selected to be in minutes or hours by pressing the F2 function key to toggle between a graph of 60 minutes or 60 hours 19 Chapter 4 Measurements F1 provides a START and STOP control F4 allows the user to switch to an Upstream STATS mode Loc End of Line Level 4s 42 4 demv 0 y i D g Stat Minutes Ds
139. ny frequency change the generator is toggled to the off condition and must be turned back on All settings are remembered between uses The frequency range is 5 to 45 MHz less 1 2 of the bandwidth for the QAM modulation 5 6 6 Output Amplitude Setting The user may set the amplitude for the upstream signal by using F1 NEXT FIELD F2 PREV FIELD keys to select the LEVEL entry box and using the arrow keys to increment or decrement the level in 1 0 dB steps The generator is on during level adjustment The range of level is from 8 to 60 dBmV 5 6 7 Symbol Rate Setting The user may also select the symbol rate by using the F1 NEXT FIELD F2 PREV FIELD keys to highlight the symbol rate and then use the arrow keys to select the desired symbol rate The supported rates are 5 12 2 56 and 1 28 M Symbols S The bandwidth for each symbol rate is displayed but not selectable 5 6 8 Start amp Stop The START STOP F3 key controls the generator output The output toggles between on and off by pressing the START STOP F3 key When the generator is on the F3 key is labeled STOP When the gen erator is OFF F3 is labeled START After pressing the F3 START key there is a slight delay in turning on the generator When the generator output is on Generator ON is displayed in the top right area of the screen The output will automatically switch to the off condition if the user selects the Frequency setting and presses any ARROW key to change t
140. odem deployed before leaving the installation 129 Chapter 5 Options 5 5 VolP Option 5 5 1 Installation Prerequisites e realMOS software For use on server dedicated to CM VolP MOS measurement option for CM500 and CM1000 e Server for real MOS TM Intel Pentium 4 processor 2 8 GHz 800 MHz FSB 1M L2 cache 512MB dual channel shared DDR2 SDRAM at 400 MHz e CM VoIP option Installed on either CM500 or CM1000 5 5 2 Setup and Operation VolP MOS Analysis is an option on the CM Series meter that can be used to verify test and troubleshoot VolP network operation The VolP option is an enhancement over the original VoIP option and requires that a realMOS server be available for testing The realMOS Server is the required software application for VolP testing It is run on a user supplied server connected to the Ethernet network near the Media Gateway It receives and transmits UDP RTP voice data packets to and from the CM Series meter for upstream and downstream testing Upstream data is transferred back to the CM via a TCP IP network connection realMOS also provides the downstream voice data for field analysis NY PSTN To ER IP BACKBONE realMOS SERVER CM1000 CM500 Figure 5 19 130 Chapter 5 Options If you need to download and install realMOS connect to this link for the software download installation and operating instructions http 64 227 161 64 PCIP RealMosSetup exe
141. of Line Ch 116 Freq 747 00 MHz WER 377 dB rekke gass 1 5E 7 Gc 0768 g Eaua 12 7 dBmV Ar ai a Aaike 0000014 goSS 26 10ogo900GG0S00UG0 Jii 0000008 00 11 22 Kissed 0000004 DIAGNOSIS Coher Intf Acquiring Equalizer FreqResp SLM More _ Figure 4 26 Constellation Display The constellation for the signal under test will appear on the left portion of the screen The Constellation is a graphic display of a QAM modulated digital signal It can be used to view impairments in a network whether they come from noise interfering signals distortion or irregular frequency translation phase distortion The shape of the constellation can provide many clues to the condi tion of the QAM signal Examples of constellation displays with typical impairments are provided in the Appendix MER On the right hand side of the Digital Video Screen are the test measurement results including MER MER Modulation Error Ratio is the digital equivalent of signal to noise and is the measurement of the demodulated digital signal in the noise of its environment This mea surement is based on constellation statistics and is the ratio of where the data actually plots on the constellation to the ideal center of the constellation decision window A minimum of 26 dB MER is needed for 64 QAM 30 dB for 256 QAM PREBER The PREBER Pre FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the incoming signal prior to being corrected b
142. of the TDMA signal and the RMS of peak of the interfering signal M2 set on ingress or distortion A calculation is also made to determine the C N the dif ference between the TDMA signal level and the noise measurement at M3 which is compensated for the specified bandwidth Thus the C I 113 Chapter 5 Options ratio is the difference between the APL of the TDMA upstream signal and the RMS of the peak of the interfering signal C N is the difference between the APL of the TDMA upstream signal and the average power of the noise in the same bandwidth The More function provides access to the additional functions Setup and Ref Lvl RealView Spec imi E mmm f Loc Hub123 DARYA 15 2 dBMV pk e Esch 35 8 dB Mi M2 M3 Measure Ingress More Figure 5 7 Setup accesses the setup screen for setting the marker parameters Ref Lvl provides access for the user to use the arrow keys to increase or decrease the full scale measurement level Increasing the Ref Lvl will increase the maximum level displayed on the screen 5 1 4 Ingress RealView Ingressesi E masma F Loc Tap A 8 8 dBmv avg lT E 15 2 dBm pk ME M1 M2 Measure US Spec More Figure 5 8 114 Chapter 5 Options When you want to just look at drop ingress the Ingress Scan screen provides a spectral view of the upstream frequency range with measure ments for both narrow band and noise like ingress The administrator can also set a maximum limit for each type of i
143. of the constellation display Reset Reinitializes the calculations of BER test measurements and resets the ERRSEC and SEVSEC counters to zero and then restarts the elapsed time display ZOOM In some cases it is desirable to get a closer look at the individual constellation clusters From the Constellation Screen press MORE F4 and ZOOM F3 as shown in Figure 4 39 87 Chapter 4 Measurements Constellation redd Loc End of Line Ch 116 Freq 747 00 MHz MER 37 2 dB Al 1 5E 7 eies 476 8 Pia see 12 7 dBmv SaR 0000014 Sem 0000008 eg 0000004 I zoom Moe Figure 4 39 One quadrant of the constellation will be highlighted Use the Up Left and Down Right arrows to choose the quadrant you would like to zoom in on and press the F2 ZOOM function key Constellation nd fa Loc End of Line MER 3 2 dB ae 1 557 PM 4758 TSV 12 7 dBmv amie 0000014 Jira 0000008 zae 0000004 Reset ZOOM More Figure 4 40 Zoom At this point the ZOOM key has been changed to ZOOM Selecting ZOOM will change the screen to show only the quadrant of interest The ZOOM key then becomes ZOOM Zoom The ZOOM key will take the user back to the full constel lation display 88 Chapter 4 Measurements Equalizer ls __ i Loc End of Line GE 1 5E 7_ Coa 4 7E 8 ae 12 7 dBMmV aaisa 0000014 Jile 0000008 Sae 0000004 l Const n Freq Res
144. on for linked items on the display The selected link is outlined in blue to indicate the selected object ENTER URL F1 Places a cursor on the URL Web bar for the user to enter a new URL HOME F2 Automatically selects the home page as defined in the user setup NAV Navigate shifts the keypad into the navigation mode to use the screen scrolling keys marked in purple on the keypad In this mode NAV is indicated in a red window at the top left corner of the display MORE F4 Displays the additional navigation function keys FAVOR ITES REFRESH and STOP FAVORITES Brings up a list of the favorite URLs as stored in the setup The user may use the arrow keys to scroll through the list and the ENTER key to select the desired URL 123 Chapter 5 Options REFRESH Reloads the current URL PAGE UP F1 Scrolls the screen upward PAGE DWN F2 Scrolls the screen downward FAVORITES F3 Brings up a list of favorite URLs as programmed in setup for the user to select the desired URL The arrow keys highlight the desired selection and Enter selects the URL Browser Favorites E F IP 216 077 098 252 Select Favorite URL URL www sunrisetelecom com www yahoo com http 216 77 98 252 maps 123456 www my_e mail com www workforce_mgt com ntegrated Communications Tesi Solutions Access Broadband nH Core 3 Protocol Cable Transport Enter URL Home NAV More
145. ontents The following equipment is supplied with each unit e CM1000 unit e CM1000 User s Manual e Quick Start Field Guide e AC Adapter Charger e DC Adapter Charger e Protective Rubber Boot e Soft Jacket amp Strap e Serial straight through cable e Training CD Note The CM1000 screen and keypad ship with a protec tive plastic cover This cover will affect screen read ability and should be removed when unpacking the unit 1 2 3 Battery Charging Instructions Before using the CM1000 for the first time charge it for approximately 8 hours To avoid damaging the internal battery optimize its life and guarantee a full charge in 6 8 hours follow these steps e Let the CM1000 cool to room temperature before recharging e Turn the CM1000 off before plugging in the charger e Leave the CM1000 off while recharging e Always leave the charger connected whenever the CM1000 is not in use Chapter 1 General Information Precaution Do not charge the CM1000 while above room temperature or with the unit turned on The in ternal battery can become HOT reducing its life and significantly increasing the time required for full charging to occur 1 2 4 Power Requirements Operate the CM1000 from either the internal battery the supplied ex ternal AC adapter or the 12 V DC adapter The supplied AC adapter is a universal adapter which converts 100 240 VAC 50 Hz or 60 Hz to 18 V DC at 2 8A maximum The AC adapter can power the
146. or voltage could damage the CM1000 or its internal battery 6 2 Cleaning Clean the CM1000 with a soft cloth moistened with water Use a small amount of mild soap if necessary Do not apply abrasive or chemical cleaners These may damage the plastic finishes on the case keypad or display window 6 3 Troubleshooting If the CM1000 fails to operate and no front panel indicators are illumi nated the internal nickel metal hydride battery may be discharged Use the supplied AC adapter to power the unit and recharge the battery If the failure persists while using the AC adapter call Sunrise Telecom for service If the internal battery fails to recharge verify that the AC adapter is actually sending power to the CM1000 Plug the AC adapter into the CM1000 s recharge input then connect the AC adapter to the 115VAC source Turn the CM1000 on If the internal battery fails to recharge but the AC adapter delivers power to the CM1000 the battery may be deeply discharged or damaged A deep discharge requires a longer charge time If the battery is not restored to normal operation by an eight hour recharge call Sunrise Telecom for service If the CM1000 fails to detect QAM carriers or if the unit won t lock to carriers when using the force modulation mode check the RF input power level The CM1000 can be overloaded by excess power at the input The resulting signal distortion impairs the ability of the CM1000 to detect and identify QAM
147. ormation is displayed The user can decide if the failing measurements are significant and whether further repair is required 4 1 4 Scan From the Analog or Digital Detail screen the user may select the F1 Scan function key to view a spectral display of all of the channels tested in the SMART test When the Scan function is selected the CM1000 displays the entire active channel plan and graphs the level of each channel s video carrier and audio carrier or the channel s APL average power level for digital channels 61 Chapter 4 Measurements md i Loc Tap M2 20 UN PPT eres Goer ree HA M1 M2 SLM Measure Detail Figure 4 12 Two markers may be positioned using the F1 M1 M2 function key to select a marker and the arrow keys to move the markers The active marker is displayed just above the M1 M2 function key The channel number level for each and the Delta difference between the two levels are displayed 4 1 5 Cable Modem Tests The CM1000 is configured to accept a user entered MAC Address via PC IP software a window will appear allowing the entry of a MAC ad dress or the use of the internal address Press the Enter or F3 Accept function key The same screen appears at the beginning of a manual cable modem test and of any SMART test including a Cable Modem test when the User MAC feature is enabled 62 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 1 6 Cable Modem Range amp Register iroce
148. ound of the graphic display for each bar in the display This box represents the Pass Fail lim its programmed by the administrator The bottom of the yellow Pass Fail limit corresponds to the minimum acceptable level The top of the box represents the maximum allowable level If the top of the measurement bar falls outside of the yellow Pass Fail box the bar is changed from its normal color code to red indicating a failing condition MORE Provides the user with additional function key selections 2 CH 5 CH and MORE The 2 CH mode allows the user to select any two channels to compare video carrier or digital signal power levels The 5 CH mode similarly allows the user to view the 5 favorite channels simultaneously with a TILT measurement between the first and last channel SLM Digital ed E Loc Tap 22 7 dBmV 20 10 0 10 CH Freq Scan Reset Ref Lvi Figure 4 35 82 Chapter 4 Measurements Digital Channels If the selected channel is a digital carrier the display shows the digital QAM carrier level no video or audio carrier In addi tion the MER modulation error ratio Pre FEC BER Post FEC BER and elapsed time for the measurements are displayed on the CM1000 BER measurements are cumulative over the elapsed time indicated and can be reset by pressing the F3 key A small lock symbol next to the battery state icon indicates when a digital signal is locked so that MER and BER measurements can be
149. p SLM More Figure 4 41 4 2 5 Equalizer The equalizer function F1 provides a similar display with an adaptive equalizer stress display in place of the constellation display as shown in Figure 4 41 Each bar in the graph represents 200 nSec The tall est bar represents the zero tap Other bars should remain below the ramp indicated in the display Bars too close to the ramp indicate that the adaptive equalizer is overworked and may not provide sufficient compensation with slight system deterioration The adaptive equalizer compensates for reflections in the drop network Unusually high bars indicate faults which can be located by calculating the distance to the problem using the formula D rt Where r is the speed of the signal in the coax or 300 M msec or 975 uSec speed of light X VOP velocity of propagation and tis the time 2 uSec delay Thus the distance would be D 60m 195 x number of bars x coax VOP typically 85 for newer drop cable Or D 51M or 166 ft per barin the EQUALIZER mode the user is offered additional functions RESET and MORE Reset Reinitializes the calculations of BER test measurements and resets the ERRSEC and SEVSEC counters to zero More More wraps back to the original menu Pressing the ESC key will take the user back to the initial CABLE MODEM test screen 89 Chapter 4 Measurements Loc End of Line PreBER PstBER LEVEL asia 0000014 ERRSEC ENS
150. p Pilot Gen Option RealView Option Setup Figure 3 11 The User Setup Access screen controls the user s access to set up the individual configuration for each item Channel Table Limits Cable Modem Setup General Setup User Setup Access Detail amp Auto Setup Upstream Setup Pilot Gen Option and realVIEW Option Setup Press ing the MORE key will take the user to the next General Setup screen Detail amp Auto Setup 32 Chapter 3 User Setup General SETUP im E F Constellation Samples 5000 Auto Diag Samples oO Error Data Display Type Errored Sec Severe Error Sec Threshold 1 0E 6 Units of Measure dBmv Next Field _ _Prev Field Figure 3 12 MORE A fourth General setup screen allows the user to configure several general digital test parameters and the units of measure Constellation Samples The number of data points used to produce the constellation display settable from 1000 to 30 000 points Select Constellation Samples using F1 NEXT FIELD and PREV FIELD and then use the arrow keys to select the desired number of Constellation samples Auto Diag Samples Select the number of data points to be analyzed to determine the type of impairment by the Auto Diagnostic mode Fewer samples increase the speed of the diagnosis while more samples increase the accuracy of the diagnosis Select a number between 50 and 250 samples in increments of 50 Error Data Display Type This parameter cont
151. pe are set up in the previous Channel Table Setup screen A channel must first be programmed into 28 Chapter 3 User Setup the channel table to be selected as one of the Pilot channels When all of the desired Pilot channels are displayed save the setup by pressing the Save F3 key The favorite 5 channels are used for a quick look at the spectrum or 5 most important channels The user may select from the current channel table displayed at the top center Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Be sure to save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key once the setup is complete on the entire screen Favorite CHs m F Loc Ground Block Favorites for 5 CH Mode STANDARD Channel Freq MHz Modulation Freq 1 55 250 NTSC Freq 2 295 250 NTSC Freq 3 70 499 250 64 QAM Freg 4 115 741 000 64 QAM Freq 5 119 765 000 64 QAM Sae J Pios Figure 3 9 Favorite Channels Setup A 5 Channel SLM mode allows the user to view the carrier level of 5 channels simultaneously Both numeric and graphic displays are provided along with a Tilt measurement between the highest and lowest frequency Select each of the five favorite channels and then use the arrow keys to sequence through each of the channels in the current channel table until the desired channel is displayed Be sure to save the setup before exiting the setup mode 29 Chapter 3 Use
152. pre ferred 256 QAM set top converters require better than 28 dB MER to operate To allow for degradation a margin of at least 3 dB is preferred Typically the maximum MER displayed on portable analyzers is about 35 38 dB Chapter 7 Reference Digital Video foran T Excellent g g ee g g i F g E RR F g E on ao a o S g z m 2 2 m g F il g JE m E 2 UL g EJE m JE EE i F g E i EE EE a I Prerec PstrEG 1006 08 0 00E 00 34dB 1006 08 00600 1006 07 1 00E 08 1006 07 1 0609 08 2808 roen 060 J reres Porec 0 06 en 3708 00600 00600 3548 1006 09 0060 ove 006 09 rens 006 00 over 006 09 rea ooe0 oss aoea 100507 006 06 Figure 7 9 MER can vary slightly from receiver to receiver and test equipment to test equipment but as the MER approaches the failure point all 156 Chapter 7 Reference equipment reacts the same If the MER of a QAM falls below 27 be on guard Something is wrong The failure point of the 256 QAM is around 28 dB Allowing 3 dB margin a 256 QAM signal at a customer premise with an MER less than 31 should probably be looked at The typical MER displayed on portable analyzers testing healthy sys tems is above 33 and most often 35 38 Effects of Noise Digital amp Analog MER can be correlated fairly closely to CNR However
153. r Setup 3 4 General Setup mm The first General Setup screen displays the MAC Addresses 3 of the meter user information and basic setup of the meter Ethernet MAC Address The MAC address used by the internal cable modem This MAC address should be provisioned on the network Emulator IP Address The MAC address used by the meter to obtain a second IP address used to emulate a PC connected to the cable modem CPE MAC a 3 MAC address used by the meter for throughput testing Firmware Revision I he current version of firmware used by the meter is displayed on the 3 line The first number is the firmware revision The second number is the module firmware DOCSIS modem code A V behind the module firmware revision indicates that the module is DOCSIS 1 1 capable User ID Enter the User ID that is used when storing test results data to memory Time amp Date Ensure that the date and time are correct They will be used when test results data is stored to memory Enter the time and date in military format ex 1 00 PM is 13 00 enn rae ae 1 Ethernet MAC Address 00 d0 dd 01 10 1d Emulator MAC 00 d0 dd 01 11 1d CPE MAC 00 d0 dd 01 11 1d Firmware Revision 2 05b 1 69v Enter User ID User 1234 Time 13 30 55 Date June 30 2003 Backlight Timer Enabled Y Power Down Timer Enabled Y Select Channel Table Standard Y Serial Port Speed 115 200 W setup Password Figure 3 10
154. r all attributes General Cable Modem Channel Table Limits Return Pilot Generator Upstream Spectrum and any other required setup parameters The configuration database file associated with the System name is stored on the Flash card and used when the System name is selected from the Setup screen You may select the desired configuration from a list of system names that is generated from the available files on the FTP server in the Con figuration directory and displayed on the Setup screen like channel 51 Chapter 3 User Setup tables The current list of file names may be checked when a cable modem connection is made it E ee F Loc Ground Block Config IPDetai Figure 3 24 3 9 1 Checking available files When a cable modem test is completed the F1 function key becomes Config replacing Enter MAC The user can enter the configura tion change mode to select the desired configuration to download by pressing F1 The purpose of the download may be to update the current configuration or to get a new configuration for a different system Gonhguravon wi F IP 216 77 98 252 Available Configuration Files 03 01 2004 i 35 30 Next Set Prev Set Download Exit Figure 3 25 The current list of System Names configuration files on the FTP server is checked when a cable modem connection is made and the user presses the CONFIG F1 key The list of the available files is displayed with the first file hi
155. ract shall not exceed the purchase price of the products shipped and against which a claim is made Any application recommendation made by Sunrise Telecom for the use of its products are based upon tests believed to be reliable and accurate but Sunrise makes no warranty for the results to be obtained This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied and no representative or person is authorized to represent or assume for Sunrise any liability in connection with the sale of our products other than set forth herein Repairs and or calibration are typically completed in 5 to 10 working days Shipping costs are paid by the factory only when returning equip ment to a customer following warranty repair It is the responsibility the customer to notify the factory technical support persons prior to shipping products for servicing since many times problems may be solved over 6 Chapter 1 General Information the telephone saving the user more precious time and shipping costs Sunrise Telecom maintains regular office hours from 8 00 AM to 8 00 PM Eastern time Monday through Friday A toll free 800 number and e mail address for technical and sales support are provided below North America Toll Free 800 701 5208 E mail Sales or Technical Support support sunrisetelecom com Typical warranty on our products covers all parts and labor as well as software and required hardware updates The warranty period starts from the da
156. resent i e 27 MHz CB with the detector set to peak for all non digital signals and the bandwidth set to 0 The third marker is typically set to measure the noise floor at a frequency that is within the return band but not used clear 250 kHz and the detector set for Average to measure the APL of the noise floor and the bandwidth set to the same bandwidth as the M1 marker to correlate the C N calcula tion The user may reposition the markers for specific measurements in the field In addition an Ingress Scan mode is provided to view the upstream spectrum Two markers are provided M2 and M3 This screen is simi lar to the Upstream Spectrum screen However there is no marker to measure the upstream signal and the M2 ingress or distortion marker is 43 Chapter 3 User Setup used to measure the margin between the current level measurements and the limit and the M3 marker margin between the current noise level measurement and the limit Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key once the setup is complete on the entire screen 3 6 1 C N Carrier to Noise The C N limit is the minimum acceptable upstream carrier to noise ratio The DOCSIS specification requires a minimum of 25 dB which is the default limit Results with a C N ratio of 25 dB or greater will pass results less than 25 dB will fai
157. rier Level have both a minimum and maximum limit Test results between these two limits will be passing test results above the maximum or below the minimum will fail and be displayed in red MER Separate limits are provided for 64 QAM and 256 QAM channels See the Appendix B for a complete review of MER and recommended performance and limits BER Measurements Separate limits are provided for both Pre and Post FEC 64 QAM and 256 QAM channels The limits are entered in scientific notation See Appendix A for a complete review of scientific notation To enter a limit in scientific notation select the desired limit and enter the first two digits the mantissa These will be the first two numbers displayed They will automatically be followed by the E in dicating a scientific notation number Enter the exponent last and press Enter to complete the limits entry To set a limit to 1 0E 6 enter the following on the keypad 1 followed by followed by 0 followed by 6 The E is added automatically See Appendix D for recommended performance and limits Tolerance TOL In addition to limits a tolerance can be set for each measurement The tolerance is a margin inside the acceptable limit passing that will give a warning that test results are passing but are marginal because they were within the tolerance value of the limit For instance if the Carrier Level Limit is set to a minimum of 0 dB
158. rols the way errors are displayed The default is ERR SECONDS An errored second is defined as any second in which an error occurs A severely errored second is defined as any second in which a non corrected error occurs Not corrected by FEC The alternative choice is ESR SESR ESR SESR Errored Second Rate Severely Errored Second Rate expresses the errored seconds and severely errored seconds versus total elapsed time in seconds as a percentage If ESR SESR is selected an additional screen is added to the Cable Modem Constellation display that provides detailed informa tion on the downstream signals including ESR and SESR 33 Chapter 3 User Setup ESR Frored Seconds 100 Elapsed Test Seconds Severely Errored Seconds SESR X 100 Elapsed Test Seconds Sever Error Second Threshold Select the threshold at which an er rored second is logged for the upstream BkER tests Select a number in the range from 1 E 3 to 1 0 E 6 Unit of Measure Select from dBmV or dBuV Sets the unit of measure for signal levels including measurements and limit settings 0 dBmV 60 dBuV MORE A5 General Setup screen displays the list of installed options and features according to the following chart PING amp Trace Route Throughput Return Pilot Gen Dual IF 6 amp 8 MHz Deep Interleave Upstream Spectrum real VIEW VoIP Web Browser TDR Capable lt lt lt lt lt lt lt Z l
159. rror Rate Test Length MIN 3 0 dBmV 17 0 dBMmV 10 0 dB 25 0 dB MIN 3 0 dBmV 26 0 dB 28 0 dB MIN 3 0 dBmV 35 0 dBmV 1500000 250000 28 0 dB MAX 20 0 dBmV 10 0 dBmV 3 0 dB 10 0 dB 0 0 dB 15 0 dB MAX 15 0 dBmV 10 10 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 2 MAX 15 0 dBmV 55 0 dBmV 1 00E 06 1 00E 07 1 00E 03 2 Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 dB 0 0 0 dB 0 0 N A Tolerance 0 0 dB 0 0 dB N A YOUR LIMITS DATE Chapter 7 Reference LOCATION ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM 256 MER QAM 256 Pre FEC BER QAM 256 Post FEC BER Test Length CABLE MODEM Receive Level Transmit Level Downstream Rate Upstream Rate MER Pre FEC Post FEC Block Error Rate Test Length Test Test Test MIN MIN MIN MAX MAX MAX Tolerance Tolerance Tolerance 167 Chapter 7 Reference 168 YOUR LIMITS DATE LOCATION ANALOG Video Carrier Level Video to Audio Ratio Adjacent Channel Ratio Tilt Peak to Valley Video to Audio Ratio 2 DIGITAL Carrier Level Peak to Valley Tilt QAM 64 MER QAM 64 PreFEC BER QAM 64 Post FEC BER QAM
160. rt sunrisetelecom com EC Directive on Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment WEEE The Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Directive aims to minimize the impact of the disposal of electrical and electronic pee equipment on the environment It encourages and sets criteria for the collection treatment recycling recovery and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment This product was Disclaimer Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commit ment on the part of Sunrise Telecom Inc The software and or hardware described in this document are furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement The software may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement It is against the law to copy he software on any medium except as specifically allowed in the license or nondisclosure agreement The purchaser may make one copy of the software for backup purposes No part of this manual and or hardware may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording or information storage and retrieval system for any purpose other than the purchaser s personal use without the express written permission of Sunrise Telecom Inc Throughout this book trademarked names are used in an editorial manner only and to the benefit of the trademark owner with no intention of infringement of the trademark
161. s measurements make locating tough intermittent problems easier Chapter 1 General Information The rugged construction of the CM1000 makes it ready to work when your technicians are ready no need to leave the meter turned on between uses boot up time is less than 40 seconds The integrated fan ventilation allows continuous meter operation Technicians need not waste time waiting for an overheated meter to cool after automatic shutdown The CM1000 will operate continuously at up to 120 F ambient and can be used even in the heaviest rain And when the sun is shining the improved LCD screen affords greater screen visibility Test the network capabilities anywhere in the network or use the CM1000 to substitute for the user s cable modem or PC Use the in tegrated Web Browser option via RF or the Ethernet port to test and troubleshoot the in home wiring routers or hubs For field testing the CM1000 is more versatile and easier to carry than a laptop Use the Web Browser PC Emulator option to demonstrate network operation access your workforce management system provision cable modems set tops from the field or interface to Web enabled applica tions through the RF or Ethernet The PC Emulator function can even be used to access a cable modem s diagnostic Web page Verify and troubleshoot VoIP services using the VoIP or VoIP options The CM1000 establishes the specified priority USG QoS connection to the CMTS for VoIP service and measur
162. signals 142 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support 6 4 Flash Card Replacement In addition to the remote software application available for upgrading the CM1000 firmware there is also a removable Flash card for future expansions and or upgrades Figure 6 2 NOTE To remove the Flash card be sure that the CM1000 is off Set the unit on its side on a flat surface with the plug in module slot facing upward and the keypad facing you The Flash card slot is located on the side of the unit just to the right of the keypad and is protected by a small cover held in place by two Phillips head screws Remove the two screws and the protective cover The Flash card will be visible in the slot A small rectangular shaped button to right of the Flash card will also be visible Press this button to eject the Flash card from its slot and then pull the card out of the slot a pair of tweezers or needle nose pliers may be helpful Insert the new Flash card and press it firmly but gently into the slot Replace the protective cover Powering the unit on will automatically load the new software into the CM1000 This process may take several minutes depending on the software being loaded The Link LED will flash green during the software update process When the process is completed a message is displayed to cycle the power Turn the unit off and then back on and it is ready to use 143 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support 6 5 Upgrade
163. ssing the Shift and then Location F3 key and selecting the desired location from the list displayed in a pop up window The MORE key takes the user to the second LIMITS setup screen for the DIGITAL tests 42 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 6 Upstream Spectrum Setup a a Select the Upstream Spectrum setup icon to set up the C N Limit C I Limit Interference Limit and the initial Marker con figuration This is similar to the real VIEW Setup Upstream SETUP imi E m F Carrier to Noise Limit 25 dB Carrier to Ingress Limit 25 dB Interference Limit 25 dBmvV Marker Frequency Bandwidth Detector M1 30 000 MHz 3 2 WMHz Av M2 17 000 MHz 0 0 WMHz Peaky M2 35 000 MHz 3 2 WiMHz Avg Y Next Field Prev Field Save amp Ext More Figure 3 18 The Upstream Spectrum measures signals in the return including return video modem QPSK data carriers cable modem QPSK or 16 QAM Ingress Noise CPD common path distortion and makes C I and C N measurements The initial placement and measurement parameters of the markers in the Upstream Spectrum Option are programmed by the administrator using the PC IP software The typical setup would be for the M1 marker to be set at the return or CMTS upstream frequency with the detector type set to average for QPSK or QAM measurements and the bandwidth set to the occupied bandwidth of the upstream signal The typical M2 setting would be for any known beat or ingress that is typically p
164. strument Overview The CM1000 has a full color display that indicates instrument status signal identification and measurement result values The controls are pressure sensitive keypad switches with tactile feedback A 75 ohm F connector accepts the RF input signal A female DB 9 provides access to a computer serial interface connection The DC input accepts power from the AC or DC adapter The weatherized hard plastic case provides excellent protection from typical bumps and bangs in normal use Back panel access provides easy replacement of the battery The system Flash memory card is readily accessible from the side panel of the unit The different models of the CM1000 offer various measurement and test capabilities depending on network test requirements and signals to be tested This manual and the PC IP software cover all CM1000 models All models utilize SMART Selectable Measurement Automated Routine Tests one button automated tests with programmable pass fail limits They ensure that safe operating parameters are met without interfering with the network s normal operation 1 4 PC IP Software Your free copy of PC IP software may be downloaded from the Sunrise Telecom website www sunrisetelecom com Downloading and installing your software from the website ensures that you receive the most recent and up to date software The PC IP software provides configuration and measurement data management capabilities for the CM1000 as
165. t lt lt Installed features or options are labeled Y for Yes or N for No 3 4 2 Detail amp Auto Setup Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate to the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key when the setup is complete on the entire screen 34 Chapter 3 User Setup Analog Detail Enabled Y Digital Detail Cable Modem Detail SCAN Detail Upstream Spectrum Auto Configure Auto Save Tap Check Ground Block Check Set Top Check Cable Modem Check Prev Fed Save amp Exit More _ Figure 3 13 Detail Screens The administrator may enable or disable the users access to Detail measurement results screens by selecting the type of measurement result details and specifying Enabled or Disabled See the Measurement section of the manual for detailed descriptions of each initial Pass Fail screen and examples of the Detail screens Auto Configure The administrator may enable or disable the users ability to download Setup and Configuration files from the Configura tion FTP server Auto Save If enabled enter a file name to save the test results fol lowing any automated SMART test Tap Check Ground Block Check Set Top Check or Cable Modem test 35 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 5 Limits _ When the Limits icon is selected the first of three LIMIT screens s for each location are displayed The minimum or the maximum limit is used to determine i
166. t 3 m and AC DC and Earth Port lines ENV 30141 SV rms 0 15 BO MHz 150 ohms I kHz 0 AM modulation 2 1 Front View RS 232 INTERFACE CHARGER JACK DOWNSTREAM UPSTREAM O LINK 6 ETHERNET STATUS LED INDICATORS ETHERNET RJ 45 CM1000 CONNECTOR FULL COLOR BATTERY DISPLAY INDICATOR MENU ICONS RF INPUT F CONNECTOR FUNCTION KEY LABELS FLASH MEMORY SLOT DELETE 23 OPTION BACK ENTER ERI 4 BATTERY ACCESS BACK Figure 2 1 1 RS 232 Interface The serial port is located at the top of the unit with a female RS 232 9 pin connector DB 9 for a serial com puter interface This interface is used for connection to your PC when using the PC IP software to program the CM1000 and to download saved data files 2 Charger Jack An external power connection to accept power from the DC power adapter provided with the unit Chapter 2 Overview 3 10 Flash memory slot This slot lower right hand side of the unit houses the mainframe s Flash memory card This card allows for future memory expansion upgrades Instructions for replacing the Flash Card are located in the Service and Maintenance chapter Battery Access An access panel at the lower rear of the unit provides for easy access to the user replaceable battery pack Instructions for replacing the battery are loc
167. ta symbol rates are au tomatically adjusted for the most likely requirements based on the modulation type Offset Frequency offsets may be programmed on any channel in 62 5 kHz increments Active Yes No When Active YES is chosen the unit allows measure ments on that channel Active NO causes the channel to be skipped when using the arrow keys or any automatic scan modes for channel selection All channels remain available in the channel mode when they are entered via the alohanumeric keys Active YES or NO may also be set automatically by using the Channel Scan mode in Setup Bandwidth Sets the channels total allocated bandwidth Defaults are set according to the channel table and modulation type as shown in the Appendix Use the Arrow keys to increment through the possible selections to change the bandwidth The CM1000 has a maximum of 6 MHz and the CM1000CE provides up to 8 MHz 25 Chapter 3 User Setup V A 1 Video to Audio separation based on the type of modulation and channel plan selected The user may select the V A field and sequence through the possible selections of 4 5 5 5 6 0 and 6 5 MHz The V A sets the frequency for the primary audio carrier V A 2 Video to second Audio separation based on the type of modula tion and channel plan selected The user may select the V A field and sequence through the possible selections of 5 742 5 850 6 552 and 6 742 MHz or press Shift and enter another frequency offset Th
168. the set top boxes are a little more tolerant of post FEC errors A set top box can handle a post FEC BER of about 1E 7 before tiling begins 160 Chapter 7 Reference The main point is that while pre FEC errors can be tolerated in DOCSIS systems you want to avoid post FEC errors because they can cause retransmissions and make the network slower than it really is Again more detailed training is available on the Sunrise Telecom web site at www sunrisetelecom com Summary MER and BER are key measurements that let us measure the quality of the digital video or data signals providing us with a level of confidence in establishing a good safety margin between barely operational and good long term performance 161 Chapter 7 Reference Appendix C Expected Digital Performance Comparison EXPECTED MER amp BER RESULTS Digital MER PSTFEC Video 64QAM 256 QAM BER Excellent Acceptable Marginal Digital MER I preFEC PSTFEC Data 64 QAM 256 QAM BER BER Excellent Acceptable Marginal This chart provides relative performance comparisons for key digital measurements on an average network Performance characteristics will vary from network to network depending on design and individual hardware capabilities Typically a drop should have sufficient margin between the actual performance level and the minimum requirements to ensure that services will continue to operate
169. tor value based on the Limits criteria minimum and maximum Tx level The default Minimum and Maximum Limits values are Min 20 dBmV and Max 50 dBmV The mean 34 dBmV becomes the ideal Tx level The difference between the actual Tx level and this ideal Tx level will be the recommended Step Attn value Thus if this value Step Attn were inserted the TX level should be equal to the mean value between the minimum and maximum TX level The display in Figure 4 18 indicates to install a 5 dB Step Attenuator or to increase the existing Step Attn Value 5 dB Total ATTN Calculated transmit level as reported by the CMTS in clusive of any internal CMTS attenuation amplification In all but rare cases the CMTS units are set up for 0 dBmV attenuation gain making this reported value equal to the actual transmitted level Ping Time This is the round trip time for a PING Packet Internet Groper packet from the Cable Modem to the CMTS and back This is a valuable tool in determining if excessive delays are being caused by the CATV path or by equipment on the other side of the CMTS TxPAC The number of packets transmitted since the beginning of the test in progress RxPAC The number of packets received since the beginning of the test in progress LOST PAC The total number of lost packets since the current test was started DISC PAC The number of packets that are discarded by the cable modem typically due to high traffic or higher priorit
170. tream Figure 4 33 Upstream STATS Selecting the Upstream STATS mode from the Downstream STATS screen or the Cable Modem US DS screen will provide a screen displaying a series of measurements over time Level and BkER are all measured continuously and the worst case measurement during the time period is displayed graphically The time period may be selected to be in minutes or hours by pressing the F2 function key to toggle between a graph of 60 minutes or 60 hours F1 provides a START and STOP control F4 allows the user to switch to a Downstream STATS mode 80 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 2 SLM Measurements Select the SLM Single Channel or Scan icon Single channels or a complete scan of all the channels can be measured Pass Fail Limits are used to test the measurement results based on the location Failing measurements are displayed in red 1 Locations for manual SLM and scan tests are selected by press ing the Location key Shift F3 A pop up window will allow the user to use the arrow keys to select a new location Ground Block Tap or Set Top 4 2 1 SLM Mode zw Inthe SLM mode the CM1000 automatically switches between analog and digital signals based on the administrator pro grammed channel plan The initial setting wnen the SLM mode is selected allows the user to enter channel numbers and press ENTER or use the arrow keys to sequence through the channel table SLM Analog SLM Analog im ESSER Loc Tap Loc
171. ts may be entered for the maximum and minimum acceptable limits The tolerance may also be set for each measurement Use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to navigate from field to field to select the desired field to modify Save any changes by pressing the Save amp Exit F3 key when the setup is complete for the entire screen Channel Table Select the channel table to be used for the automated SMART tests for the location displayed at the top left of the screen The channel table used for the selected location may be any of the 16 available channel tables and different from the channel table used for the other SMART tests and different from the Active channel table used for the manual measurements mode Often an abbreviated channel plan may be used for automated SMART tests to reduce the testing The Test Length setting specifies the amount of time required to test each digital channel See the specifics on setting Test Length below 38 Chapter 3 User Setup Measurements Use the F1 amp F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired test and press the Enter key to toggle the measurements from active to inactive The X to the left indicates that a measurement is active Limits Continue using the F1 amp F2 navigation keys to highlight the desired limit and enter the numeric value on the keypad followed by the Enter key A listing of the default limits is located in the Appendix D Some measurements like Car
172. uired and the TTL as shown in Figure 4 21 70 Chapter 4 Measurements PING dep Eee F Loc Cable Modem Address 98 Result Time TTL Pass 10 msec 254 Pass 10 msec 254 Pass 20 msec 254 Pass 10 msec 254 Finished C Rea YC Ct Figure 4 21 porters Lee REPEAT REPEAT F1 will clear the screen results and initiate another set of PINGs to the selected address EXIT EXIT F4 will return the user to the previous PING Address screen where the address was initially selected Trace Address dea E F Loc Cable Modem Enter 192 000 000 000 Last 216 cee F 098 252 2 1010 000 000 00 a 3 192 168 000 100 lt 4 000 000 000 000 5 000 000 000 000 6 1000 000 000 000 7 1000 000 000 000 Net X Prev Tee OX Et Figure 4 22 TRACE Ifthe user selects TRACE from the IP Details screen a TRACE ADDRESS screen as shown in Figure 4 22 will allow the user to enter or select an address from stored IP Addresses Trace Address The user may enter a new address or select from the stored previous addresses The first line in the Trace address list shown in Figure 4 22 is empty The user may enter a new address by pressing SHIFT and using the numeric keypad 71 Chapter 4 Measurements Alternatively use the arrow keys to sequence through the list The NEXT F1 PREV F2 function keys move the cursor from box to box on the
173. unit for normal use and charging concurrently CAUTION Donotattemptto use any other charger or apply DC voltage in excess of 18 V DC 1 2 5 Safety Precautions Read and follow these safety precautions before connecting the CM1000 to the cable plant CAUTION a b C d e Do not remove the module from the base unit while it is connected to the cable plant or other equipment Do not exceed the rated input AC plant operat ing voltage maximum of 90V AC Do not remove the module from the base unit or plug in another module while the CM1000 power is turned on or the unit is connected to any other equipment Damage to the electronic circuitry or shock hazard will result The CM1000 contains delicate electronic circuitry The chassis and case have been de signed for year round day to day field use but severe mechanical shocks and temperature extremes could degrade the operation of the unit or damage it Do not drop the CM1000 Do not allow moisture to enter the ventilation holes on the module as this may result in dam age to the internal components of the unit or Chapter 1 General Information cause electrical shock when connected to the cable plant f Do not allow foreign material to clog or enter the ventilation holes or to block the fan blades Blocking airflow or stalling the fan can cause overheating Note The CM1000 is weather resistant but not waterproof during normal operation 1 3 In
174. ve and in our standard product warranty policy 146 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support If you require information or assistance contact Sunrise Telecom at 1 800 701 5208 toll free from anywhere in North America or by fax 1 408 363 8313 or by e mail to support sunrisetelecom com 147 Chapter 6 Maintenance Service and Support 148 Appendix A Scientific Notation Dealing with very large and very small numbers Very large numbers can be awkward to write For example the ap proximate distance from the earth to the sun is ninety three million miles This is commonly written as the number 93 followed by six zeros 93 000 000 signifying that the 93 is actually 93 million miles and not 93 thousand miles or 93 miles ee Placeholders provide no additional information cc 93 000 000 miles Figure 7 1 Scientific notation also called exponential notation provides a more compact method for writing very large or very small numbers In sci entific notation the distance from the earth to the sun is 9 3 x 10 miles as compared to 93 000 000 miles Imagine the distance measured in inches 5 892 480 000 000 inches or more simply 5 9 x 10 Scientific notation may also be simplified by writing the same number as 5 9 E12 Scientific Notation 93 000 000 9 3 x 107 miles these two digits __ NSS 93 000 000 miles 7 digits Instruction move the decimal point 9 3 x 10 miles seve
175. ver for the list of available analyzers and inputs After selecting a location choose the desired analyzer connection to view by pressing the up and down arrow keys When the desired analyzer is displayed press F3 Select or Enter Although the list of locations is stored in the CM1000 the analyzer and switch selections are checked each time the realWORX controller location is selected to incorporate any changes The CM1000 queries the real WORX controller for the list of analyzers connected to it RealView ed ____i Select Input Location Hub125 Lay A ahah Node 1288 1234067 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Node 128B 1234567 Next Set Prev Set Select Exit Figure 5 4 When the analyzer is selected select the Node or Input switch to be viewed by pressing the up and down arrow keys until the desired Node or Input switch selection is displayed and pressing F3 Select or Enter Analyzer and Switch selections are checked each time the realWORX controller location is selected to incorporate any changes and not stored in the CM1000 111 Chapter 5 Options 5 1 2 realVIEW Spectrum Display RealView Spec imi E mmx F Loc Hub123 IQ 33 DEE 15 2 dBmV pk RETTE N Ratio 35 8 dB Mi M2 M3 Measure Ingress More Figure 5 5 When the Location Analyzer connection and Input are selected the CM1000 connects to the server location logs in and connects
176. y enable or disable access to each setup screen by enabling or disabling each in the second General Setup screen When the Shift Setup keys are pressed a Setup menu appears to select the category of setup Cable Modem Channel Tables General Limits Upstream Spectrum Return Pilot Generator Option and realView Op tion Use the arrow keys to select the desired setup icon and press Enter lf the selected screen is enabled and access is allowed the user gains access to the selected setup screen If the setup screen is disabled a message Is displayed that access is not enabled 16 Chapter 3 User Setup 3 2 Cable Modem Setup p CABLE MODEM SETUP SCREEN 1 Cable Modem includes the System Name Ranging Channel Loom Ranging Method CM MAC Address BKER Packet Delay BkER Packet Size CMTS PING Address Throughput Server Throughput User Throughput Password and Throughput FTP Port The MORE key provides navigation to a second Cable Modem Setup screen MODEM SETUP im E E F Basic Setup System Name System ABC Ranging Method Dwell On CM MAC Address User Defined BKER Packet Delay 20 mSec BkER Packet Size 0000 _ CMTS Ping Address 000 000 000 000 Throughput Server 000 000 000 000 Throughput User User Name Throughput Password Password Throughput FTP Port 21 Throughput File Name File Name txt Figure 3 2 To navigate through the Cable Modem setup screen use the Next Field F1 and Prev Field F2 keys to highlig
177. y the FEC Forward Er ror Correction circuitry in the CM1000 A minimum of 1 0 E 7 should be expected although FEC may be able to correct errors as high as 1 0 E 6 74 Chapter 4 Measurements PSTBER The PSTBER Post FEC Bit Error Rate is the error rate of the signal after the FEC has resolved and corrected all of the errors it can Any errors not corrected by the FEC will impair DOCSIS transmis sions and decrease throughput 1 0 E 9 is typical performance although any errors lt 1 0 E 0 will reduce the data transfer rate LEVEL This gives the level of the digital signal under test average power level 15 dBmV to 15 dBmV according to DOCSIS specifica tions Lower levels may result in poor MER ERRSEC The number of errored seconds which have occurred during the duration of the test prior to correction by FEC The total Elapsed time since the test was initiated is also displayed below the Constellation SEVSEC The number of severely errored seconds which have oc curred since the beginning of the test which were not correctable by FEC AUTO DIAGNOSIS All downstream detail screens including the Cable Modem downstream contain an auto diagnosis function as seen in Figure 4 26 This patent pending function will automatically diagnose QAM impairments and report them in the DIAGNOSIS window lower portion of the screen The CM1000 will auto diagnose impairments including phase noise coherent disturbances intermittent inter
178. y the equipment is delivered however Sunrise extends a grace period of 60 days after the end of the official warranty period to cover any contingencies Chapter 1 General Information 1 6 Declaration of Conformity For CM1000 co DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY SUNAISE TELECOM INE OF Oa Ate Application of Council Direcovet si PV3346 EEC che EMC directive Manufacturer s Name Sunrise Telecom Inc Hukk Dovision Manufacturer s Address 32 0 D Peachtree Comers Circle Norcross GA 10092 USA Manufacturer s Telephone Number TEL 770 446 6086 FAM 770 446 6850 Equipment Type Environment Measurement Control and Laboratory Equipment Trade Kame Model Number __CM1000 Cable Modem System Analyzer Sdandard s to which Confo is Declared EN 61326 19981180 61326 1997 Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control aed Laboratory Use EMC Requirements EN 61010 Safety Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measerement Control and Laboratory Use Part 1 General Requirements Immunity Standard IEC 1000 4 2 Electrostatic Dise 4 kV direct and indirect contact 4 kV air EN 61000 4 2 IEC 1000 4 3 Radiated RF Immunity 3V m 80 1000 MHz 80 AM with I kHz sine wave ERY 50140 2704 IEC 1000 4 4 Electrical Fast Transient Burst 1 kV on AC lines j I EN 61000 4 4 00 3 KV on VO lines TEC 1000 4 57 Surge Immunity Test DSV IM ENV 50142 0 kV CM L2us 30us Tr Th IEC 1000 4 6 Conducted RF Immunity VO limes g
179. y traffic Discarded packets are not counted in the lost packet count or in the BKER cal culation The UPSTREAM test screen also offers the user additional functions RESET STOP BKER STATS mode and ERROR INJECT 68 Chapter 4 Measurements RESET Reset BKER F1 allows the user to reset the counters for the BKER calculations to zero The test is automatically reinitialized STOP Stop F2 allows the user to stop the test in process so that it is easier to read the numbers If error rates are high it is difficult to read the number of packets transmitted received and lost ERROR INJECT Pressing F4 will inject an error into the data stream sent to the CMTS This ensures that the user can read the error injected as a lost packet 4 1 11 Continuous Cable Modem Tests The Cable Modem tests are a continuous update of the network performance The same results graphic or numeric Cable Modem Detail screen may be viewed and is continuously updated except the Throughput tests 4 1 12 IP Details From either the numeric or the graphic screen view the IP Detail screen for network connection information CM IP Detail is __ Roem e CM IP ADDRESS 10 2 0 150 GATEWAY 10 2 0 4 TFTP SERVER 10 2 0 252 TOD SERVER 10 2 0 252 PING ADDRESS 10 2 04 DHCP SERVER 10 2 0 254 ere rie ooo CM Detail Exit Figure 4 19 CM IP Address The IP address is assigned to the CM1000 s internal cable modem Emu
180. ys to view the Option menu and then select the Upload icon and press Enter Depending on the route selected in the Upload FTP Setup screen the unit will make the appropriate connection and upload the data files The connection process is displayed similarly to the cable modem con nection screens If the cable modem is the selected route the unit will go through the normal range and register process Each step is shown as It proceeds as in the cable modem test If the Ethernet method is selected the CM1000 makes the network connection and begins the file transfer 100 Chapter 4 Measurements Figure 4 57 When connection is made the unit logs on using the data upload setup information and begins transferring files If a connection is not established an error message indicates that the FTP server connec tion has failed When the files have been successfully transferred a PASS message is displayed If there is no file transfer an error message indicates file not transferred Once transfer is successful select the F2 Detail function to view the list of files transferred Navigation is the same as viewing saved files Next Set scrolls to the next page of listed files and Prev Set displays the previous page of files Use the Up and Down arrow keys to select the desired file by name The date and time for when the file was saved as well as the file type are displayed to aid in selecting the desired file Stored File im E f
181. yzer mode is exited Next Field sequences through the setup parameters Prev Field sequences through the parameters in the reverse direction Save and Exit stores the settings in non volatile memory 4 5 7 Ref Level Highlights the full scale level indication and allows the user to increment or decrement the full scale level using the arrow keys 4 5 8 More Returns the user to the first set of function keys 104 Chapter 4 Measurements 4 5 9 CC N Mode In the CC N mode set M1 on the desired carrier and M2 on the noise floor The markers are automatically set to measure the RMS of peak on M1 and the average power level in a 4 0 MHz bandwidth on M2 The CC N ratio is displayed at the bottom right corner of the display The reference level Ref Level may need to be adjusted to view the noise floor See the Ref Level section 480 520 Maier 18 5 dBmV pk CE Span 500 00 32 00MHz PCy MIN erd 21 9 dBmV avdeling 40 4 dB Mi M2 CF Span C Ingress More Figure 4 62 4 5 10 C Ingress Mode The carrier to ingress mode is similar to CC N Set M1 on the desired carrier and M2 on the displayed Ingress The reference level Ref Level may need to be adjusted to view the noise floor ingress See the Ref Level section The markers are automatically set to measure the RMS of peak on M1 and on M2 The C Ingress ratio is displayed at the bot tom right corner of the display Chapter 4 Measurements 480 500 520 Cama era 18 5

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