AXE User Manual
Contents
1. Projects and programs using the Picaxe Construction Set will be posted there as they are developed Thank you for your purchase W1REX2. The AXEme PICaxe Construction Set Now what do I do with it The first thing you have to do is to install the Picaxe Program Development System on your computer If you have it already installed you are good to go If you don t have it you will have to go get it and install it on your computer It is available as a free download at http www rev ed co uk picaxe The Picaxe Programming Editor is quite large and is only practical to download with a high speed connection If you don t have a high speed connection then you should purchase the Picaxe O8 M Starter package which includes the Picaxe Programming Editor on a CDrom and a factory made downloading cable Once you have the Programming Editor installed you will then have to configure it for the computer port that you will be using to download programs into the Picaxe micro The full Picaxe reference manual is available under the help tab in the Editor This User s guide will start you on the road to using the PICaxe Construction Set for building prototype PICaxe circuits It is NOT a substitute for reading the PICaxe manual that is included in the PICaxe Programming System Help Tab Make sure you have a properly configured Picaxe Programming Editor installed on your computer before you attempt to try the examples in this guide These examples are typed into the Editor and then downloaded into the micro to run You can run through the examples given here without knowing anything about
3. 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B4 Down If Pin2 0 then Down Goto Start Of course it is left unsaid that you have to select the Run command under the Picaxe tab to get the program INTO the Picaxe micro Now press the left pushbutton and see what happens Now try changing the B3 and B4 lines to look like this Start If Pin2 1 then Start B1 100 B2 10 B3 2 B2 B4 3 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B4 Down If Pin2 0 then Down Goto Start I will remind you one more time that you have to select the Run command under the Picaxe tab to load the program into the Picaxe micro Press the left pushbutton again and see what happens Adding a potentiometer to the circuit Add these wires 1K resistor from S7 pin 1 to protoboard S4 pin 3 to the same row as the 1K resistor S4 pin 2 to S1 pin 7 S4 pin 1 to S7 pin 7 Litigy v E S wet X mr Now change the B1 100 line and add the Readadc statement so they look like this Start If Pin2 1 then Start Readadc 4 B1 B1 B1 2 OK I lied Remember to select the Run command under the Picaxe tab Press the left pushbutton and see what you get Rotate the pot shaft a little and press the pushbutton again Experiment with different pot settings Now make these changes to the program and see what happens Start If Pin2 1 then Start Readadc 4 B2 B1 100 B2 B2
4. on S1 as before but are now isolated from power and ground This allows you to insert other chips in socket U1 that don t want to see 5 volts on pin 1 and ground on pin 8 LM386 amplifier chips LM555 programmable timer chips and NE602 chips are examples of chips that can be used in the U1 socket and then connected to prototype circuits on the breadboard area using connector S1 Don t forget to reinstall the jumpers when you switch back to the PICaxe micro OK Let s wire up a very simple circuit A B 2 wires J3 i n LIIW S1 pinl UX 7 0 S ST TaS ladie E i amp ha Ze A C z 510000000 I9O0O00p00s5 T wey ame Cae S6 pint to S1 pin4 And write a very simple program to go with it Start Sound 1 100 10 Sound 1 0 10 Goto Start Again connect up the download cable and select the RUN command under the Picaxe tab to get the program INTO the Picaxe micro What do we get a headache from listening to constant beeping Let s add another wire S1 pind to S7 pin6 Start If Pin2 1 then Start Sound 1 100 10 Down If Pin2 0 then Down Goto Start Again select the Run command under the Picaxe tab to get the program INTO the Picaxe micro What do we have now Press the left pushbutton switch and see Now try editing the program to look like this Start If Pin2 1 then Start B1 100 B2 10 B3 20 B4 30 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1
5. the actual commands comprising the Picaxe Instruction set Read through the getting started section under the Help tab and familiarize yourself with the editing and downloading operations within the Picaxe Programming Editor Now for the stuff pertinent to the QRPme AXEme construction set Let s learn what all the connector functions are Ji WWW aes S L com T Gass L a The connector marked S1 brings out all 8 pins of the PICaxe socket U1 to an 8 pin SIP socket for routing the various signals into the prototype circuit S1 Pin Picaxe Pin Picaxe Function 1 8 Ground 5 volts Out O IRout Serial out Out 1 In 1 ADC 1 Out 2 In 2 ADC 2 PWM 2 Tune In 3 Out 4 In4 Serial in CON G O1 BW N mM wt O Gx d A or J1 12 www lo ce QRPme 0 0 Com T L SA VR Q UX S3 0 0 SIIB SST design grounds rT T oe The functionality of connector S2 is called out completely by the silk screen Pins 1 2 5 and 6 are grounds that can be jumpered onto the breadboard or other input output connectors Pins 3 and 5 are positive 5 volts while pins 7 and 8 are positive 9 volts QU 5 lt S3 UO 123 S3 is an auxiliary downloading cable connection The 3 pin Molex header is where you attach a downloading cable made from an old serial cable QRPme includes the Molex connector parts for converting an old serial cable in this kit The user must supply the cable Pin 1 indicated
6. 16 1 Did you remember to select the Run command you know where With lots more typing and editing try this Start If Pin2 1 then Start Readadc 4 B2 B1i 100 B2 B2 16 1 B3 2 B2 B4 3 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B4 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B4 Down If Pin2 0 then Down Goto Start Run command We can do the same thing in a simpler way Start If Pin2 1 then Start Readadc 4 B2 B1 100 B2 B2 16 1 B3 2 B2 B4 3 B2 C Gosub Da Gosub Di Gosub Da Gosub Di Sound 1 0 B4 Q Gosub Da Gosub Da Gosub Di Gosub Da Sound 1 0 B4 Down If Pin2 0 then C Goto Start Di Sound 1 B1 B2 Sound 1 0 B2 Return Da Sound 1 B1 B3 Sound 1 0 B2 Return Run Now it is very easy to change the characters you want to send when you push the button simply change the Gosub lines at C and Q to the new patterns and add more lines for longer messages If you also have a Two Tinned Tunas kit find another 1K ohm resistor and a 2N2222A from your junk box and add this circuitry struction Set o osm lac SIDEBAR Note the confusing terminology at the input signal box Sl pind is the PHYSICAL address of the signal you CONNECT the wire to Pin 5 on connector S1 Pin 2 in the box refers to the LOGICAL address of the signal In
7. by the box is serial out while pin 2 is serial in and pin 3 is ground For full details on wiring an old serial cable as a downloading cable check out the PICaxe Manual Section 1 Getting Started page 27 which included in the PICaxe Programming Software Or goto www reved co uk docs picaxe_manual1 pdf S4 is the connector for placing the 10K ohm potentiometer into the breadboard circuit Pin 1 is connected to the right end of the pot Pin 2 is connected to the wiper while pin 3 is connected to the left end of the pot U O 0 0 Si BJoo 00000 QI 0 9999965 ned by WIREX O 45 4914 2 6 om oo 1 SS 00 S5 is the connected to the un configured RCA connector J2 The right pin of S5 Pin 1 is connected to the center pin of the RCA connector The left pin of S5 Pin 2 is connected to the outer shield of the RCA connector S6 Connector S6 is used to connect the piezo sounder to a circuit in the breadboard area The top pin of S6 is wired to the terminal of the piezo sounder The bottom pin of S6 is wired to the other terminal of the piezo sounder 57 7 Onn OF T wo S7 Pin Function 5 5 volts L Left LED LED is on when pin is low L Right LED LED is on when pin is low O One wire input output to temp sensor I Infrared input from IR decoder S Left pushbutton switch S Right pushbutton switch G Ground Use the appropriate S7 pin to connect the desired sensor or function to either the PICa
8. ime you prototype a circuit you could pick the 4 corners and feed 5 to the two top corners and ground to the 2 bottom corners and leave them there making it easier next time to wire something up EXAMPLE 5 5 fos S QRPr kona kor dog are pte VR2 2 91 EE SH alo o o 00 0 ojs G A by WIREX OO iaa Tj 9 H 3 Zero ohm jumpers make good jumpers for the prototype board Use 22 gauge solid hookup wire for making longer wires 4 Here is a handy dandy cheat sheet for all the connectors and their corresponding functions Z Z z E T 2 8 E E E u 6 L N Z FQ 9 lt lt U U QEDIR gZ S amp oo 22 za 5 2 6G E lt S5 o o OUX Rn5 559 E S grounds s3 oloo 6 3505020 P ee Sifplooo0000 DJoOod0 00 O s2 Bz st est OG 4 S D2 D3 C CF CATHODES ew G io 5VOLTs 50 LEFTLED LIO RIGHTLED LO aun ONE WIRE IZO Q O IRDECODE lO o 1 WIRE LEFT PUSHBUTTON s O Rans a RIGHTPUSHBUTTON 210 PIEZO Z Z ey PIEZO GROUND z ui d S6 j SE o 9 Z kE EE IR5 56 O a Q io amp A a eull o Y So go to it Read the Getting Started section of the manual to learn about the general operation of the PICaxe and then read the Command section to see what commands are available for you to use Then try out the Interfacing section Here is where the PICaxe Construction Set can really help you get up to speed as to what you can do with this versatile little micro Check into the QRPme website www QRPme com
9. s released Making these changes Start If Pin2 1 then Start Beacon Readadc 4 B2 Down If Pin2 0 then Start Pause 60000 Goto Beacon Now pressing the pushbutton starts and then exits the beacon mode The beacon will transmit every 60 seconds 60000milliseconds You should read through the PICaxe manual included in the Help section in the Programming Editor I can only get you started you have to play and experiment with all the software commands and how they can be used with the hardware provided in this kit Check in to my website www QRPme com from time to time to see if any new applications have been posted I plan to play with the PICaxe and create some really fun applications I will be posting them on the website A couple more notes 1 When connecting circuits to a 5 volt pin make sure whatever you are connecting will NOT create a low resistance path directly to ground High currents resulting from low resistance parts from ground can damage the voltage regulators EXAMPLE When we added the potentiometer in one of the previous examples we added a 1K ohm resistor in series with the pot when we attached to pot to the 5 volt pin If the wiper of the pot is up at the 5 volt end and it accidentally is connected to a very low resistance circuit the current is still within reason The 1K ohm resistor could also have been inserted into the wiper circuit 2 Instead of constantly inserting and removing jumper wires each t
10. xe or prototype circuits The IR connector is used to decode the infrared signals from a SONY compatible remote control unit Install the supplied IR decoder chip and you can use SONY format infrared remote control units to control your PICaxe project Pin 1 of the IR connector is decoded infrared output and is routed to the I pin on S7 Pin 2 of the IR connector is ground Pin 3 is connected to power Ji Dow a erat QRPre Cue S 2 Ee Lo Q si Sea VR L So le sisa G S git De D3 a If you have soldered the LEDs onto the board then you really have no further options If you soldered SIP sockets in the LED locations you can change LEDs by simply unplugging the old LED and plugging in a new one Note in the lower picture that the new LEDs have a long lead and a short lead The short lead of the LED is the cathode and usually emanates from the LED closest to the flat on the LED If the leads have been cut of as ina used LED then look for the flat side on the LED Insert the LEDs with the flats cathodes towards the bottom of the board matching the flats marked on the silk screen La EN sae com di He eae i z De D3 S70 G OoOo000000 gjo o00000 Si DJO00 0000 oo The two jumpers marked J connect 5 volts and ground to the appropriate pins on connector S1 and hence the PICaxe micro Pull the jumpers out and now the 8 pins of the socket U1 go to the same pins
11. your programs you would refer to this signal by Pin2 Computers like to start counting things at O and computer chips have leads commonly referred to as pins that start with pin 1 To further complicate matters power and ground signals have to enter micro chips thru 2 pins as decided by the engineers who designed them so LOGICAL pins referred to by micros hardly ever match up with the PHYSICAL pins where they enter or leave the micro chip The PICaxe 08 M microprocessor has 8 physical pins on the IC package and 6 logical input output pins numbered O through 5 Logical I O pin 5 is dedicated to the Serial Input function of the downloading process leaving logical pins O through 4 available to use in your design Furthermore logical pin O is also shared with the downloading process so you have to be careful using this pin Notice that it is configured as an output only in the software Since it toggles A LOT during downloading dont attach touchy devices to this pin LEDs including the dedicated infrared led function are a good item for this pin END SIDEBAR So if you were to build the above circuit and make the following changes to the program Di High 2 Sound 1 B1 B2 Low 2 Sound 1 0 B2 Return Da High 2 Sound 1 B1 B3 Low 2 Sound 1 0 B2 Return By pressing the pushbutton you would be able to automatically key CQ to the transmitter Holding the button down repeats the keying of CQ until the pushbutton i
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