Chapter 11
Contents
1. COURSE TECHNOLOGY a CENGAGE Learning A Guide to Hardware Managing Maintaining and Troubleshooting 5e Chapter 11 Supporting Notebooks Objectives e Learn about special considerations when supporting notebooks that are different from supporting desktop computers e Learn how to install configure optimize troubleshoot and repair peripheral devices used with notebooks e Learn how to troubleshoot upgrade and replace internal notebook components A Guide to Hardware 2 Special Considerations When Supporting Notebooks e Notebook laptop portable computer Varieties tablet PCs and netbooks e Comparing notebooks to full sized computers Support requires same skills Built as a single system with modifications Smaller portable and uses less power Replacement parts cost more e Factors to consider Warranty service manuals and diagnostic software Customized OS installation and obtaining parts A Guide to Hardware Warranty Concerns e Do not void warranty Opening case removing part labels installing other vendor parts upgrading OS disassembling e Contacting technical support information needed Notebook model and serial number Purchaser name phone number address e Service options On site Ship to authorized service center Phone assistance A Guide to Hardware Figure 11 2 The model and serial number stamped on the bottom of a note2. screw goes where when reassembling Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware Figure 11 59 Tape screws beside the step in the manufacturer documentation that told you to remove the screw Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning 47 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Disassembly tips Find the hardware service manual Consider the warranty Take the time necessary do not force anything Protect against ESD Understand ZIF connectors Pry up plastic covers with dental pick or small screwdriver Plastic screws may be used only once Disassemble components in order A Guide to Hardware 48 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Reassembly tips Reassemble notebook in the reverse order Tighten but not over tighten all screws Before installing the battery or AC adapter verify there are no loose parts inside the notebook A Guide to Hardware 49 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Replacing the keyboard Power down and unplug notebook Remove screws on notebook bottom Open Lid e Push keyboard toward lid while pulling it up to release it from the case Bring keyboard out of the case and forward e Expose keyboard ribbon cable e Use screwdriver to lift cable connector up and out Replace keyboard following steps in reverse order A G
3. sources AC adapter DC adapter battery pack e Auto switching AC adapter feature Device automatically switches from 110 V to 220 V AC power e Types of batteries Ni Cad nickel cadmium NiMH nickel metal hydride Lithium lon Direct Methanol Fuel Cell DMFC experimental A Guide to Hardware 26 Power and Electrical Devices cont d e Notebook power needs One or more batteries a DC adapter for travel an AC adapter at home and for recharging the batteries Inverter changes DC to AC Figure 11 25 An inverter changes DC to AC and provides an outlet for your laptop s AC adapter Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 27 Power and Electrical Devices cont d e General dos and don ts Use extra battery packs Learn how to recharge use and store a battery Use OS power management features Connect to electrical outlet to use DVD or burn a CD Use standby and hibernate modes Plug into AC DC outlet upon battery low message Reduce LCD panel brightness to conserve power Use external surge protector Verify notebook has power A Guide to Hardware 28 Power Management e ACPI compliant BIOS helps manage power Minimize power consumption Varying degrees of suspend or sleep modes e Vista power saving states Sleep mode corresponds to ACPI S3 mode Hibernation work is saved to hard drive and powers system
4. book are used to identify the notebook to service desk personnel Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware Service Manuals and Other Sources of Information e Service manuals save time Enables safe notebook disassembly e Locating documentation Manufacturer s physical manual Internet Manufacturer s Web site Third party websites e User manual Provides basic maintenance tasks A Guide to Hardware BT ARLOA ty t nan a uoucerer o Pu Daoa roen w 16 aame amg Pregame gadt eunan Seeene ts sateen FS a ehetwet FA wary apte freret The We md tees PT ot Chg sio be ere Une Pra adn betes m s gece ates horny fe retectem atin Douret WB re sn ina sane parta ioe Pury oasa aa Be Deed OY tw beon the tte a a pieg the wher puppa ite Pelee tute oa be Daye Coren te peoa the eeo Wi oant es see pes tte bead carter g tts piau Canne her Doiy Fe Ea BTL fiss Pumps kea Maceo si W tu Fi eto rid Tha anian ajaaa Papst i lt 3 mmea we eed t Pye Stop 1 Remove he batery tOo ee deed odd The el ov sinice iit Be abid piadas Dew pres ger te Et te beter op ot et Stop 2 Remove the Bluetooth modue O ee P teame eee e Figure 11 3 A notebook service manual Figure 11 4 The Compaq Web site tells you how to use diagnostic tools www hp com provides detailed troubleshoot a notebook and replace instructions for troubleshooting and components Courtesy Course replacing compo
5. ch is slightly offset from the center of the module M ourtesy of Crucial Technology 2 35 72 pin SO DIMMs are outdated They contain FPM or EDO memory and have no notch on the edge connector Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning 160 pin SO RIMM contains Rambus memory and two notches Courtesy of High Connection Density Inc Table 11 2 Memory modules used in notebook computers A Guide to Hardware 40 Upgrading Memory contd e How to upgrade notebook memory Upgrade process is similar to desktops Considerations e Make sure warranty not being voided e Search for best buy on a suitable and authorized part General steps e Decide how much memory to upgrade e Purchase memory e Install it A Guide to Hardware 41 Replacing a Hard Drive e General guidelines Check with OEM for drive sizes and connector types Be aware of voiding manufacturer s warranty Watch for proprietary form factors and connectors e Shopping Notebook drive 2 5 inches wide e May use SSD solid state device technology Hard drives connector SATA connector or 44 pin IDE IDE drive may use adapter to interface between proprietary connector and motherboard 44 pin IDE connector A Guide to Hardware 42 Replacing a Hard Drive cont d e Issues to consider before replacing hard drive Old drive crashed e Recovery CD and notebook drivers CDs required Upgrade must transfer data from old
6. ctions cont d e Supporting Bluetooth connections Verify wireless switch turned on Verify Windows sees Bluetooth enabled Download all windows updates Look in Device Manager for errors Make sure other device has Bluetooth turned on Lower Bluetooth software security mode Uninstall and reinstall the Bluetooth drivers Use manufacturers websites A Guide to Hardware 23 Using Bluetooth Cellular and Wi Fi Connections cont d e Supporting Cellular WAN Connections Notebook WiMAX device e ExpressCard or PC Card slot or USB port Internet card air card e Device connecting to a cell phone network Mobile broadband Internet access on a 3G network e Use Internet card and mobile service Adapter fits a di Card without adapter a i anerpresscacset Figure 11 23 Sierra Wireless AirCard 402 inne modem card fits a PC ee Card or ExpressCard slot Courtesy of Sierra Wireless A Guide to Hardware 24 Using Bluetooth Cellular and Wi Fi Connections cont d e Troubleshooting cellular WAN connection Check Device Manager and Event Viewer Install Windows updates Reinstall software Check cellular WAN provider Web site Check notebook and Internet card manufacturer websites Activate card in the service provider coverage area Verify software firewall allows application access A Guide to Hardware 25 Power and Electrical Devices e Notebook power
7. d air vents sticking keys Use contact cleaner e Under key caps e Battery connections A Guide to Hardware 15 Supporting Notebook Peripheral Devices e Ports on the back or sides for connecting peripherals External video port S Video out port Air vents FireWire port USB ports Modem port Network port Power jack Figure 11 8 Ports on the back of a notebook Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 16 Port Replicators and Docking Stations e Port replicator Easy connection to full sized monitor keyboard AC power adapter and other devices e Docking station Same functions as port replicator Additional slots for adding secondary storage devices and expansion cards e Hardware profiles XP enables storage of hardware configurations Vista not required A Guide to Hardware IBM ThinkPad notebook computer Port replicator Figure 11 10 A port replicator makes it convenient to connect a notebook computer to resources and peripherals at your office Courtesy of IBM Corporation A Guide to Hardware Figure 11 11 A docking station can provide extra secondary storage for a laptop Courtesy of IBM Corporation PC Card CardBus and ExpressCard slots e Connect peripheral devices to notebooks e Personal Computer Memory Card International Association PCMCIA Develops standards for PC card slots e PCMCIA cards Used in many
8. devices Include variations of PC Card CardBus ExpressCard Three standards pertaining to size and thickness e Type 1 Type Il Type Ill A Guide to Hardware 19 PC Card CardBus and ExpressCard slots cont d e PC Card slot technologies 16 bit ISA and 32 bit PCI e CardBus Increases bus width to 32 bits Backward compatible with earlier standards ExpressCard matches PCI Express and USB 2 0 Two sizes ExpressCard 34 and ExpressCard 54 Not backward compatible Hot pluggable hot swappable and supports autoconfiguration A Guide to Hardware 20 PC Card CardBus and ExpressCard slots cont d Windows services for PC Card or ExpressCard Socket service and card service Removing card from PC card or ExpressCard slot Click Unplug or Eject Hardware icon in system tray Click Stop to open Stop a Hardware device dialog box Click OK and proceed to eject the card e Tips Ensure system turned on when inserting card Install drivers before inserting card A Guide to Hardware 21 Using Bluetooth Cellular and Wi Fi Connections e Embedded wireless network adapter Connects Wi Fi network e Bluetooth or infrared adapter Supports personal area network PAN e Supporting Wi Fi connections Internal wireless adapter uses internal antenna External wireless adapter may need external antenna A Guide to Hardware 22 Using Bluetooth Cellular and Wi Fi Conne
9. down Hybrid sleep work is saved to hard drive and system maintains a trickle of power e Windows XP standby corresponds to ACPI S3 mode A Guide to Hardware 29 Power Management cont d e Managing power in Windows Vista Power Options window XP Power Options Properties dialog box Example hibernates after set time e Wake on LAN Wired or wireless network activity powers up or wakes up computer Feature must be enabled in BIOS setup e Network adapter or wireless network adapter must be configured to wake the computer A Guide to Hardware 30 Inout Devices e Keyboard primary laptop input device e Common laptop pointing devices Touch pad TrackPoint or point stick USB wired or wireless mouse and graphics tablet Figure 11 37 The touch pad is the most common pointing device on a notebook Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 31 Input Devices contd e Graphics tablet digitizing tablet or digitizer Uses a USB port and stylus that works like a pencil Figure 11 39 A graphics tablet and stylus are used to digitize a hand drawing Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 32 Input Devices contd e Adjust touch pad or TrackPoint Mouse Properties box e Adjust pointer speed mouse trails pointer size how the touch pad buttons work other settings for pointing devices e Tablet PCs Stylus controlled f
10. drive to new one Older notebook computers required disassembly e Newer notebooks easy to replace lf BIOS setup uses autodetect e System boots up and BIOS recognizes new drive e Searches for an operating system e If a new drive boot from Windows recovery CD A Guide to Hardware 43 Figure 11 53 This one screw holds the Figure 11 54 Push the drive out of its bay hard drive in position Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning Learning A Guide to Hardware 44 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer e Requires special tools and extra patience SAS Figure 11 55 To protect the system Figure 11 56 Tools for disassembling a against ESD attach the alligator clip of a notebook computer Courtesy Course ground strap to an I O port on the back of Technology Cengage Learning the notebook Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 45 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Many small screws of various sizes lengths e Work methodically Keep screws and components organized Place screws in a pillbox label each compartment Place screws on soft padded work surface e Use white labeling tape Place screws on notebook paper e Write where screw belongs Tape screw beside manufacturer documentation Keep notes to help with reassembly A Guide to Hardware 46 you organize screws so you know which
11. em upgrades Perform only if necessary e Tips Upgrade using OS build from the OEM Ensure supporting device drivers included Follow OEM s specific instructions e Off the shelf OS advice Verify system component compatibility Ensure device drivers available Flash BIOS before upgrade if necessary A Guide to Hardware Caring For Notebooks e General guidelines Do not touch LCD panel with sharp objects Do not connect notebook to phone line in a storm Use OEM recommended battery packs Use passwords with each Windows user account Do not tightly pack in a suitcase Do not pick up or hold by the display panel Do not move while hard drive is being accessed Do not put close to appliances generating strong magnetic field A Guide to Hardware Caring For Notebooks cont d e General guidelines cont d Keep OS current Never use public connection without a software firewall Keep notebook at a controlled temperature Keep away from smoke water sand Do not power up and down unnecessarily Do not power on unless at room temperature Protect notebook against ESD Remove CD DVD before traveling Take precautions if notebook gets wet A Guide to Hardware 14 Caring For Notebooks cont d e Cleaning tips Do not disassemble for routine cleaning Clean LCD panel with a soft dry cloth Use compressed air e Keyboard track ball touch pa
12. isplay dim video inverter problem Consider field replaceable units High end notebooks contain video card e May need to replace it too A Guide to Hardware 57 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e How to replace an LCD panel assembly Remove AC adapter and battery pack Remove the keyboard Remove screws holding hinge in place e Remove hinge cover Remove screws holding LCD panel to the notebook Remove LCD panel from the notebook Remove screws holding the top cover and LCD panel Disconnect old inverter and install the new one Reattach LCD panel assembly to the notebook A Guide to Hardware 58 Summary e A notebook laptop is a portable computer OS build notebook OS customized by the OEM PCMCIA develops standards e PC card CardBus ExpressCard slots Power Options Properties e Configures AC and DC power management schemes Input devices include e Keyboard mouse graphics tablet A Guide to Hardware 59 Summary cont d e Troubleshooting notebooks Like troubleshooting desktops Memory and hard drive are doable Other components are harder e Notebook memory modules include SO DIMMs SO RIMMs MicroDIMMs e Additional topics covered Mini PCle and Mini PCI specifications Motherboard CPU and LCD panel replacement A Guide to Hardware 60
13. l device e Replace the internal device A Guide to Hardware 37 Three Approaches to Dealing with a Broken Internal Device cont d e Substitute internal device with an external device Disable internal device within BIOS setup Install external peripheral device e Preparation for servicing notebook Back up important data if possible Protect against ESD Remove PC Cards CDs and DVDs Turn off attached devices and shut down notebook Disconnect AC adapter Undock if necessary and remove the battery A Guide to Hardware 38 Upgrading Memory e Memory used in notebooks SO DIMMs small outline DIMMs SO RIMMs small outline RIMMs MicroDIMMs e Smaller than SO DIMMs and have a 64 bit data path Figure 11 45 Installing a MicroDIMM ina subnotebook computer Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 39 Memory Module Description 2 66 204 pin SO DIMM contains DDR3 memory The one notch on the module is offset from the center of the module ourtesy of Kingston Technology Corporation 2 66 200 pin SO DIMM contains DDR2 SDRAM One notch is near the side of the module Courtesy of Kingston Technology 2 66 200 pin SO DIMM contains DDR SDRAM One notch near the side of the module is slightly offset from the notch on a DDR2 SDRAM module pa ourtesy of Crucial Technology 2 66 144 pin SO DIMM contains SDRAM and is outdated One not
14. nents Courtesy Technology Cengage Learning Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware Diagnostic Tools Provided By Manufacturers e Pinpoints problem components Sources e Manufacturer s Web site e CDs bundled with the notebook e Hard drive or floppy disk Example PC Doctor e Included with Lenovo IBM ThinkPad Fujitsu and HP notebooks e Can be purchased separately A Guide to Hardware The OEM Operating System Build e Operating system preinstalled at the factory Original equipment manufacturer OEM OS Build e Customized installation of the OS Proprietary drivers Customized diagnostic software e Use caution when upgrading to new OS A Guide to Hardware The OEM Operating System Build cont d e Recovery CDs and recovery partitions Contains installable version of OS preinstalled on the notebook e Provided by manufacturer e CD bundled with PC or requested from manufacturer Hard drive partition can contain OS e May be hidden e Files protected from access e See user manual for access Additional software on CD e Drivers and application setup programs A Guide to Hardware 10 meaty Ore DG AHS Fh meaty 3mo ina ss F i Figure 11 6 This notebook hard drive has a recovery partition that can be used to recover the system Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 11 The OEM Operating System Build cont d e Operating syst
15. rom the Pen and Input Devices box e Accessed from Vista or XP Control Panel e Pointing device software provides utility to manage the device A Guide to Hardware 33 Video e Laptop video system LCD panel Video controller e Embedded on motherboard e Video card installed as an internal component e Laptop ports Analog 15 pin VGA port e External monitor S Video Out port e Allows television as an external display device A Guide to Hardware 34 Video contd e Troubleshooting problems with video LCD panel shows a black screen and power light on e Verify LCD cutoff switch or button on e Use an external monitor to check Device Manager and Event Viewer e Update video drivers e Potential problem with LCD panel assembly Verify LCD panel display settings Update video drivers Adjust brightness A Guide to Hardware 35 Troubleshooting Replacing and Upgrading Internal Parts e Topics Alternatives to consider before taking on complex repair projects How to upgrade memory How to exchange a drive How to perform other complex repair projects e Exchanging an LCD panel or motherboard A Guide to Hardware 36 Three Approaches to Dealing with a Broken Internal Device Factors to consider before starting repair project Time the repair will take Alternatives to fixing upgrading e Return notebook to OEM or service center e Substitute external component for interna
16. tenna cable Replace keyboard and hinged cover e Distinguishing between Mini PCle and Mini PCI slot Clips on the side of the Mini PCI slot e Distinguishing between Mini PCle and Mini PCI card Notches on sides of a mini PCI card Long unbroken edge connector on the card A Guide to Hardware 54 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Mini PCI and Mini PCI Express cards Enhance notebook communications options Features when selecting Mini PCI or Mini PCle card Bluetooth comes in three versions e Use a later version of Bluetooth Some Mini PCI and Mini PCle provide both Wi Fi and Bluetooth ability Mini PCI Express slots are not backward compatible with Mini PCI slots A Guide to Hardware 55 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Replacing the motherboard and CPU Run diagnostic software to verify problem Use CPU supported by manufacturer and notebook model Replacing the motherboard requires complete disassemble of the entire notebook e Except LCD assembly A Guide to Hardware 56 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Diagnosing dim or black LCD panel Connect external monitor to video port Toggle between LCD panel external monitor and both the panel and monitor e If external monitor works LCD panel assembly likely broken e If LCD display entirely black replace LCD assembly e If LCD d
17. uide to Hardware 50 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Replacing optical drives Remove keyboard Remove screw holding DVD drive to notebook Slide drive out of the bay and new drive into the bay e Ensure connection with drive connector e Replace the screw e Replacing expansion cards Newer notebook use Mini PCI Express slots e Three types Type I Type Il Type III Older notebooks use a Mini PCI slot A Guide to Hardware 51 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer contd e Steps to remove a Mini PCle wireless network card Disconnect antenna from Wi Fi card Remove the one screw at the top of the card Pull card forward and out of the slot Figure 11 70 How to remove a Mini PCI Express card Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning A Guide to Hardware 52 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer contd e Remove a Mini PCI wireless network card Remove hinged cover and keyboard Disconnect cable to the wireless antenna Pull outward on the securing tabs After card pops lift it out of the cavity A Guide to Hardware Figure 11 71 Remove a Mini PCI Card Courtesy Course Technology Cengage Learning 53 Disassembling and Reassembling a Notebook Computer cont d e Replacing the card Align card in the cavity e Press down until it pops in place and secures tabs Reconnect the wireless an
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