Home

Embedded Systems

1. Send Write Enable opcode SOSPDR CMD SPIEEPROM WREN while SOSPSR amp 0x80 u32dummyData SOSPDR Set SPI CSONQ Il Select device Clr_ SPI CSO Il Send Write opcode SOSPDR CMD SPIEEPROM WRITE while SOSPSR amp 0x80 u32dummyData SOSPDR Send start address SOSPDR u32startAddr 8 8 OxFF while SOSPSR amp 0x80 u32dummyData SOSPDR SOSPDR u32startAddr amp OxFF while SOSPSR amp 0x80 39 u32dummyData SOSPDR u32startAddr Send data SOSPDR u8ptr2arr u22i while SOSPSR amp Ox80 u32dummyData SOSPDR Set_SPI_CS0 Wait for writing is complete if SPL WaitForEEPROMReady return FALSE return TRUE J Waits until byte program is done Return True on EEPROM is ready with write done and False on time out W BOOL SPI WaitForEEPROMReady void uint32 u32dummyData TIMERO RESET TIMERO_ENABLE while TOTC SPIEEPROM WRITE TIME OUT Poll for ready bit Clr SPI CSOQ SOSPDR CMD SPIEEPROM RDSR while SOSPSR 8 Ox80 u32dummyData SOSPDR SOSPDR 0 while SOSPSR 8 Ox80 if SOSPDR 8 0x01 Set SPI CS0 TIMERO DISABLE return TRUE Set_SPI_CS0 ifdef DEBUG printf Timed out WaitForEEPROMReady endif TIMERO_DISABLE return FALSE Output you can see output on SPJ terminal 40 4 Quiz on the subject 1 Write short notes on a Priority Scheduling b Multitasking c Seamthort
2. 4 1 printf RET1 printf You n i32sc return 1 case ALL RET amp RET2 KBD i32the_sc i32sc KBD i32keydown i32sc 4 2 printf RET2 printf You n i32sc return 1 case ALL RET amp RET3 KBD i32the_sc i32sc KBD i32keydown i32sc 4 3 printf RET3 printf Yu n i32sc return 1 else Il i e key is already pressed wait until it is released if 132sc KBD i32the sc if iS2ret ALL RET KBD i32keydown 1 key has been released 25 return 0 int32 KBD rdkbd void while KBD_kbhit return KBD i32keydown Function LCD include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt include Icd h void SmallDelay void int i for i 0 i lt 100 i void LedCmd1 unsigned char cmd if cmd amp 0x01 IOOSET 1 lt lt 15 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 15 if cmd amp 0x02 IOOSET 1 lt lt 17 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 17 if cmd amp 0x04 IOOSET 1 lt lt 22 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 22 if cmd amp 0x08 IOOSET 1 lt lt 30 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 30 IO1CLR 0x03000000 make rs and en low SmallDelay IO1SET 0x01000000 enable en SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay 26 void LcdDat1 unsigned char dat if dat amp 0x01 IOOSET 1 lt lt 15 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 15 if dat amp 0x02 IOOSET 1 lt lt 17 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 17 if d
3. 5 Conduction of Viva Voce Examination Teacher should conduct oral exams of student with full preparation Normally the objective questions with guesses are to be avoided To make it meaningful the questions should be such that depth of the students in the subject is tested Oral examinations are to be conducted in cordial environment amongst the teacher taking the examination Teachers taking such examinations should not have ill thoughts about each other and courtesies should be offered to each other in case of difference of opinion which should be critically suppressed in front of the students 6 Evaluation and Marking systems Basic honesty in the evaluation and marking system is absolutely essential and in the process impartial nature of the evaluator is required in the examination system to become successful It is wrong approach or concept to award the students by way of easy making to get cheap popularity among the students which they do not deserve It is a primary responsibility of the teacher to see that right students are really putting up lot of hard work with right kind of intelligence are correctly awarded The marking pattern should be justifiable to the students without any ambiguity and teacher should see that the students are faced with just circumstances 41
4. Aim Write a program to interface LCD Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit with 16x2 LCD SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to LDC Interfacing with ARM Processors Block Diagram J1 UARTO 16x2 LCD EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt include lcd h void main Ledlnit DisplayRow 1 JNEC DisplayRow 2 Aurangabad while 1 p Function LCD include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt include lcd h void SmallDelay void inti for i 0 i lt 100 i void LedCmd1 unsigned char cmd if cmd amp 0x01 IOOSET 1 lt lt 15 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 15 if cmd 8 0x02 IOOSET 1 lt lt 17 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 17 if cmd amp 0x04 IOOSET 1 lt lt 22 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 22 if cmd amp 0x08 IOOSET 1 lt lt 30 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 30 IO1CLR 0x03000000 make rs and en low SmallDelay IO1SET 0x01000000 enable en SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay void LcdDat1 unsigned char dat if dat amp 0x01 IOOSET 1 lt lt 15 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 15 if dat amp 0x02 IOOSET 1 lt lt 17 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 17 if dat amp 0x04 IOOSET 1 lt lt 22 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 22 if dat amp 0x08 IOOSET 1 lt lt 30 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 3
5. Dongle a small box with connectors on both ends Cable The dongle consists of some electronic circuit for interfacing the JTAG port of target processor to the host computer The cable is a bunch of wires to connect the dongle with the JTAG port of target 3 Power Supply Requirements The JTAG cable draws power from the target board Thus it does not require a separate power source 4 Connecting JTAG Cable SJT S There is a DB9 female connector on one end of the dongle This directly mates with the PC COM port which has a DB9 male connector or you can connect yellow color serial cable supplied with SJT S between DB9 female connector on one end of the dongle and PC COM port which has a DB9 male connector The other end of the dongle has DB25 female connector There is a DB25 male connector on one end of the cable These DB25 female and DB25 male connectors are designed to mate with each other directly The other end of the cable has a 20 pin header This should be connected to the JTAG connector of the target board CAUTION The JTAG Cable must not be connected or dis connected when power is applied to the target board Turn off power to the target board connect the JTAG Cable and then you may turn on power to the target board Connecting the JTAG Cable with incorrect polarity orientation may permanently damage the EDUARMT 2148 board and or the JTAG Cable It will also make the warranty void for both the products
6. EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to interfacing of sensors Block Diagram Analog Input EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2138 h include stdio h include TYPE h include uart0 h void ADC Init void PINSEL1 Ox04000000 PO 29 ADO 2 unsigned int ADC GetAdcReading uint32 u32ChnINum ADOCR 0x01200300 1 lt lt u32ChniNum while u32ChnINum ADODR 8 0x80000000 return u32ChniNum gt gt 6 amp Ox3ff int main void uint32 u32k 2 UARTO_Init ADC_Init 32 while 1 printf Press any key to get channel 2 reading n getchar if u32k printf Chnl d 0x 03X n u32k ADC GetAdcReading u32k return 0 Function UARTO include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include TYPE h define DESIRED BAUDRATE 19200 define CRYSTAL FREQUENCY IN HZ 12000000 define PCLK CRYSTAL FREQUENCY IN HZ since VPBDIV 0x01 define DIVISOR PCLK 16 DESIRED_BAUDRATE void UARTO Init void PINSELO Ox00000005 f UOLCR UARTO Line Control Register 0x83 enable Divisor Latch access set 8 bit word length 1 stop bit no parity disable break transmission UOLCR 0x83 FI VPBDIV VPB bus clock divider 0x01 PCLK processor clock VPBDIV 0x01 je UODLL VARTO Divisor Latch LSB UODLL DIVISOR amp OXFF Ih
7. ERS EERIE RAIN EAS ORES AS SRN Timer0 is used for delay in micro sec Timer1 is used for time out delay Timer is initialized to simply count at a specified frequency Configuration h Count can be read from register TC kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Vid Initialises the timers ki void TIMER Init void Power ON timer peripheral PCONP 0x00000006 II TPC Timer Prescaler counter the counter is incremented once every TPC 1 cycles of PCLK TOPR PRESCALERO IIT1PR PRESCALER1 TCR Timer Control Register 2 reset counters both timer and prescaler 1 enable counting TOTCR 2 IFTATCR 2 E waits for next tick in timer void TIMER_WaitForNextTick void uint32 start TOTC while TOTC start wait until timer counter changes then leave Function SPI include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include lt Stdio h gt include Type h include UARTO h 37 include TIMER h include SPI h REESE AAAS AKAN KANAN AS AK KAKA KAKA RE OKE a ON Contains all SPI related functions For Interfacing SPIO is used kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Initialises the SPI protocol and port pins void SPI_Init void l Power on SPIO peripheral PCONP 0x00000100 Define port pin as SCLO MISOO and MOSIO PINSELO 0x00001500 Set CS pin Set_SPI_CSO_AS_OP Set SPI CS0 Set SPI clock speed SOSPCCR SPI EEPROM SPEED
8. UODLM UARTO Divisor Latch MSB UODLM DIVISOR 8 Ih UOLCR UARTO Line Control Register 0x03 same as above but disable Divisor Latch access UOLCR 0x03 a UOFCR UARTO FIFO Control Register 0x05 Clear Tx FIFO and enable Rx and Tx FIFOs UOFCR 0x05 int8 putchar int8 i8ch if i8ch n fwait until Transmit Holding Register is empty while UOLSR amp 0x20 then store to Transmit Holding Register UOTHR r 33 fwait until Transmit Holding Register is empty while UOLSR amp 0x20 then store to Transmit Holding Register UOTHR i8ch return i8ch int8 getchar void int8 i8ch wait until there s a character to be read while UOLSR amp 0x01 then read from the Receiver Buffer Register i8ch UORBR return i8ch Output you can see digital reading of the corresponding analog input from LM35 on SPJ terminal 34 Experiment No 10 Aim Write a program to generate RAMP wave using on chip DAC P0 25 apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Oscilloscope Theory Write theory related to DAC Block Diagram Stepper Motor X 5 Drive EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt define DACR volatile WORD32 OxE006C000 include UARTO h include LCD h include stdio h unsigned int g_uiAoutValue 0 int main void P
9. cables like SJT S or SJT U can be connected to this connector while other end of the cable can be connected to PC COM port or USB port respectively Debugger software like the debugger built into SCARM allows JTAG based debugging It is also possible to use third party JTAG based emulators debuggers The pin out of JTAG Connector is given below Signal name i Signal name P1 31 NTRST P1 28 TDI P1 30 TMS P1 29 TCK P1 26 RTCK P1 27 TDO J7 This is 26 pin dual line headers It brings out I O and most of the pins of the LPC21xx micro controller Further 5V and GND are also made available on these connectors These connectors are intended for use to connect external peripherals The pin signal details of J7 are as below Pin Signal name Pin Signal name 1 P1 16 2 P117 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 l 21 Pi 23 22 P1 22 23 PIZI 24 B1 20 25 5V 26 GND 10 study experiment 2 Aim Study of IDE overview Project creation downloading amp debugging Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit Theory ze A SCARM Installation As a part of the SCARM software package you should have received a CDROM Please insert it into the CD ROM drive and run SETUP EXE from it Once you start the SETUP program follow the instructions on the screen to complete the installation The setup program will Copy the required files to your hard disk If there are any compressed
10. contiguous memory blocks connected to the ARM micro controller Check the appropriate number of memory banks to reflect the target s memory blocks For each checked memory bank specify memory start address in Hexadecimal and memory block size in decimal Size maybe specified either in number of Kilobytes KB or Megabytes MB Some of the memory blocks maybe read only e g flash or conventional EPROM Accordingly you may check or uncheck the Read only box Based on this information about memory banks the IDE will automatically create the Linker Script This auto generated script is adequate for most users However if you wish to use your own script file instead of this autogenerated script you may check the Use different linker script box and further click on the browse button marked and select appropriate linker script file 6 Click on Source Files to display that part of the dialog window This window will indicate that IDE has automatically added 2 files in this new project PROG1 C and STARTUP ASM The STARTUP ASM file is automatically created by the IDE and is required for all C projects Similarly the IDE has automatically created an empty C file PROG1 C If the file PROG1 C already exists in the same path then IDE would neither create overwrite it nor modify it but it will anyway add it to the project automatically If you wish to add more files in this project then click on the Add file b
11. gt define VPBDIV volatile WORD32 OxEO1FC100 define UORBR volatile WORD32 0xE000C000 define DESIRED BAUDRATE 19200 define CRYSTAL FREQUENCY IN HZ 12000000 define PCLK CRYSTAL FREQUENCY IN HZ since VPBDIV 0x01 define DIVISOR PCLK 16 DESIRED_BAUDRATE void InitUartO void F J Vi UOLCR UARTO Line Control Register 0x83 enable Divisor Latch access set 8 bit word length 1 stop bit no parity disable break transmission UOLCR 0x83 VPBDIV VPB bus clock divider 0x01 PCLK processor clock VPBDIV 0x01 UODLL UARTO Divisor Latch LSB I UODLL DIVISORGSOXFF UODLM UARTO Divisor Latch MSB UODLM DIVISOR 8 UOLCR UARTO Line Control Register 0x03 same as above but disable Divisor Latch access UOLCR 0x03 UOFCR UARTO FIFO Control Register 0x05 Clear Tx FIFO and enable Rx and Tx FIFOs UOFCR 0x05 char putchar char ch if ch n fwait until Transmit Holding Register is empty while UOLSR amp 0x20 then store to Transmit Holding Register UOTHR r fwait until Transmit Holding Register is empty while UOLSR amp 0x20 then store to Transmit Holding Register UOTHR ch return ch char getchar void char ch wait until there s a character to be read while UOLSR amp 0x01 then read from the Receiver Buffer Register ch UORBR return ch Output You can see output on SPJ Terminal Experiment No 5
12. that you will need to use to program your micro controller C Downloading 8 Running Programs The LPC2148 micro controllers include on chip flash for storing user program and non volatile data LPC2148 on EDU ARM7 2148 have 512KBytes flash This flash is In System Programmable ISP Therefore it is possible to download user program into on chip flash of LPC2148 through serial port connected to PC For doing so a certain position of S3 switch is required S3 Switch should be continuously ON This section describes how to use the software Flash Magic to download program into LPC2148 1 How to install Flash Magic The CD you have received with this board contains SCARM C Compiler for ARM Install it After installation go to folder C SCARM Utilities This folder contains 5 zip files Install Flash Magic from FlashMagic3 71 zip Extract the FlashMagic3 71 zip and then run FlashMagic exe from the extracted files If you have wrong version of Flash Magic already installed then please uninstall it first and then install new version 2 Download and Run program using Flash Magic into LPC2148 After installation of Flash Magic open it In Flash Magic go to Options gt Advanced Options gt Communications Check High Speed Communications and keep Maximum Baud Rate as 19200 Click on OK Again in Flash Magic go to Options gt Advanced Options gt Hardware Config Use DTR and RTS to control RST and PO 14 option should be check
13. 0 IO1SET Ox02000000 make RS high SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay IO1SET 0x01000000 enable en SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay void Delay250 void int kj j 200 for k 0 k lt 100 k void DelayMs int n intk for k 0 k n k Delay250 Delay250 void LcdCmd unsigned char cmd LcdCmd1 LcdCmd1 Delay250 Delay250 cmd gt gt 4 cmd a a ae 3 3 void LedDat unsigned char dat LcdDat1 dat gt gt 4 LcdDat1 dat Delay250 Delay250 void Lcdlnit void IO1DIR 0x03000000 IO1CLR 0x03000000 IOODIR 0x40428000 IOOCLR 0x40428000 DelayMs 6 LcdCmd1 0x03 DelayMs 6 LcdCmd1 0x03 Delay250 LedCmd1 0x03 Delay250 LedCmd1 0x02 Delay250 LedCmd 0x28 LedCmd 0x08 LedCmd 0x0c LedCmd 0x06 20 void DisplayRow int row char str JE pass pointer to 16 character string displayes the message on line1 or line2 of LCD depending on whether row is 1 or 2 a int k if row 1 LedCmd 0x80 else LedCmd Oxc0 for k 0 k lt 16 k if str k LedDat str k else break while k lt 16 LedDat k Output You can see the message Hello World on LCD If required reset the board 21 Experiment No 6 Aim Write a program to Blink LED s present on EDU ARM 214
14. 16x2 Text LCD Relay LM35 POT to give Analog Input Buzzer Key to give SPI based External EEPROM Interrupt AT25256 TP7 Test Point for DAC Below figure shows the ARM7 2148 board S3 Swatch to Turn ON Auto Mode S2 Switch to Connect UARTI to LPC2148 J7 Extension Connector S5 Switch to connect POT and LM35 to ADC0 1 and ADCO2 of LPC2148 J3 USB 128x64 Graphics LCD Ti UARTO Connect Jumper to Enable Graphics LCD PWM Test Point for PWM General Purpose LEDs Connect Jumper to Enable LEDs amp General Purpose Keys X5 Stepper Motor Connector LPC2148 I2C based oe I2C based RTC we AT24C512 DS1307 Keyboard JTAG Connector RC based Seven Segments locations of different switches and jumpers on the EDU S1 Switch to Connect USB Device to LPC2148 JP1 Connect Jumper to Enable Graphics LCD JP2 Connect Jumper to Enable LEDs S6 Switch to Connect Buzzer DAC TP7 and EINTO to LPC2148 S7 Switch to Connect SPI EEPROM to LPC2148 S4 Switch to Connect DC Peripherals to LPC2148 B Switches Details S1 Turn ON this switch to connect USB device connector to USB lines of LPC2148 S2 Turn ON this switch to connect UART1 connector to UART1 lines TxD1 P0 8 and RxD1 P0 9 of LPC2148 S3 Mode selection switch The LPC21xx micro controllers include on chip flash for storing user program and non volatile data The LPC2148 have 512KBytes flas
15. 8 Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to LED interfacing using ARM Block Diagram 8 General Purpose LEDS EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programs Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include stdio h void main PINSELO 0x00000005 InitUart0 printf Hello World n while 1 putchar getchar Output You can see the message Hello World on LCD If required reset the board 22 Experiment No 7 Aim Write a program to interface 4 4 matrix keyboard Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to interfacing of matrix keypads Block Diagram 4x4 Matrix Keypad EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include stdio h include KBD h include UARTO h include TYPE h include lcd h int i8ch char szTemp 16 void main void PINSELO 0x00000005 PINSEL1 0x00000000 UARTO_Init Ledlnit DisplayRow 1 Keypad Test DisplayRow 2 Press Any Key KBD Init puts This is a keyboard test program nPress any key nKeycode will be displayed n 23 while 1 i8ch KBD_rdkbd printf Keycode 02X n i8ch sprintf szTemp KeyCode 02X i8ch DisplayRow 2 szTemp Fun
16. B Verifying correct cable connection When the JTAG Cable is correctly connected to PC as well as the target board it serves as a link between the JTAG port of target processor and the PC This link is used by SPJ SCARM software Tools e g Debugger for ARM microcontrollers This software tool Debugger will work correctly only when the JTAG Cable is connected correctly For SJT S There is a crude test to verify SJT S JTAG Cable connection You may please follow these steps 14 1 Connect JTAG Cable between PC COM port and EDU ARM7 2148 as per instructions in this manual 2 Turn ON power to the target board 3 On the PC run SPJTerminal software 4 In the Port Settings select appropriate COM port to which the JTAG cable is connected Select 115200 baud no parity 8 bits per char 1 stop bit and no flow control 5 Open the COM Port connection 6 Type character G in the terminal window l e send the character G to the PC COM port 7 If the JTAG Cable connection is correct it will send back character 1 or 0 As a result you will see either 1 or 0 appearing in the terminal window This indicates that JTAG Cable connection is ok 8 If you don t see any character in the terminal window probably the JTAG Cable is not connected appropriately 9 If you see some character other than 1 and 0 then either the cable is not connected appropriately or the COM port settings are not as sp
17. DIVISOR amp OxFE II Operates in master mode SOSPCR Ox00000020 E Reads data from SPIEEPROM Length should be gt 0 Return True on valid data and False on time out or any error with device A BOOL SPI ReadFromSPIEEPROM uint32 u32startAddr uint8 u8ptr2arr uint32 u32len uint32 u32i uint32 u32dummyData I Check for upper limit if U32startAddr u32len gt SPIEEPROM_SIZE u32len 0 return FALSE Select device Clir_SPl_CS0 Il Send Read opcode SOSPDR CMD_SPIEEPROM_READ while SOSPSR amp 0x80 u32dummyData SOSPDR Send start address SOSPDR u32startAddr gt gt 8 amp OxFF while SOSPSR amp 0x80 u32dummyData SOSPDR SOSPDR u32startAddr amp OxFF while SOSPSR amp 0x80 38 u32dummyData SOSPDR Read byte wise for u32i 0 u32i lt u32len u32i SOSPDR 0 Dummy write while SOSPSR amp 0x80 Read data u8ptr2arr u32i SOSPDR Deselect device Set SPI CS0 return TRUE Vi Writes data to SPIEEPROM Length should be gt 0 Return True on successful write and False on time out or any error with device BOOL SPI Write ToSPIEEPROM uint32 u32startAddr uint8 u8ptr2arr uint32 u32len uint32 u32i uint32 u32dummyData l Check for upper limit if u32startAddr u32len gt SPIEEPROM SIZE u32len 0 return FALSE write data byte wise for u32i 0 u32i lt u32len U32i Write enable device Clr_ SPI CSOQ
18. INSELO 0x55 PINSEL1 0x00080000 to use P0 25 as DAC output pin InitUartO Ledlnit DisplayRow 1 DAC MiniARM 2148 DisplayRow 2 spjsystems com puts DAC example program by n n nwww spjsystems com n n nRuns on MiniARM 2148 Evaluation board nGenerates a ramp n for for g_uiAoutValue 0 g_uiAoutValue lt 1024 g uiAoutValue DACR g_uiAoutValue lt lt 6 Output you can see Ramp wave on oscilloscope 33 Experiment No 11 Aim Write a program to interface AT25256 EEprom using SPI protocol Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to SPI Protocol Block Diagram EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include Stdio h include Type h include UARTO h include TIMER h include SPI h REREAD SKE RIEN dadde knakte KA Smee Main function void main void uint8 u8buffer1 20 H E L L O 0 uint8 u8buffer2 20 UARTO_Init SPI_Init TIMER_Init printf Init done while 1 if ISPI WriteToSPIEEPROM O u8buffer1 6 printf nMemory write error if SPL ReadFromSPIEEPROM O u8buffer2 6 36 printf nMemory Read error printf nData s u8buffer2 Function Timer include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt include Type h include Timer h JENANG ES DEE
19. Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College Laboratory Manual EMBEDDED SYSTEMS For BE ECT IE Manual made by Prof P A JADHAV Prof A B PENTEWAR Author JNEC Aurangabad Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College Technical Document This technical document is a series of Laboratory manuals of Electronics amp Telecommunication and Industrial Electronics and is a certified document of Jawaharlal Nehru Engineering College The care has been taken to make the document error free but still if any error is found kindly bring it to the notice of subject teacher and HOD Technical document No ECT IE Techdoc 21stOctober2009 Recommended by HOD Approved by Principal Copies 1 Departmental Library 2 Laboratory 3 HOD 4 Principal PREFACE It is my great pleasure to present this laboratory manual for final year engineering students for the subject of Embedded Systems keeping in view the vast coverage required for visualization of concepts of basic electronic circuits As a student many of you may be wondering with some of the questions in your mind regarding the subject and exactly that has been tried to answer through this manual Faculty members are also advised that covering these aspects in initial stage itself will greatly relieve them in future as much of the load will be taken care by the enthusiastic energies of the students once they are conceptually clear Students are advised to thoroughly go throu
20. at 8 0x04 IOOSET 1 lt lt 22 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 22 if dat amp 0x08 IOOSET 1 lt lt 30 else IOOCLR 1 lt lt 30 IO1SET 0x02000000 make RS high SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay IO1SET 0x01000000 enable en SmallDelay IO1CLR 0x01000000 disable en SmallDelay void Delay250 void for k 0 k lt 100 k void DelayMs int n ja int k for k O k lt n k Delay250 Delay250 void LcdCmd unsigned char cmd LedCmd1 emd gt gt 4 27 LcdCmd1 cmd Delay250 Delay250 void LcdDat unsigned char dat LcdDat1 dat gt gt 4 LcdDat1 dat Delay250 Delay250 void Lcdlnit void IO1DIR 0x03000000 IO1CLR 0x03000000 IOODIR 0x40428000 IOOCLR 0x40428000 DelayMs 6 LedCmd1 0x03 DelayMs 6 LedCmd1 0x03 Delay250 LedCmd1 0x03 Delay250 LcedCmd1 0x02 Delay250 LedCmd 0x28 LedCmd 0x08 LedCmd 0x0c LedCmd 0x06 void DisplayRow int row char str Vig pass pointer to 16 character string displayes the message on line1 or line2 of LCD depending on whether row is 1 or 2 int k if row 1 LedCmd 0x80 else LedCmd Oxc0 for k 0 k lt 16 k if str k LedDat str k else break 28 while k lt 16 LcdDat k Output In this program after pressin
21. ction KBD include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include KBD h include TYPE h define RETO 0x00010000 P1 16 define RET1 Ox00020000 P1 17 define RET2 Ox00040000 P1 18 define RET3 Ox00080000 P1 19 define ALL RET RETO RET1 RET2 RET3 define SCANO 0x00100000 P1 20 define SCAN1 Ox00200000 P1 21 define SCAN2 0x00400000 P1 22 define SCAN3 Ox00800000 P1 23 const uint32 KBD_u32scanport1 4 SCANO SCAN1 SCAN2 SCAN3 const uint32 KBD_u32retport 4J RETO RET1 RET2 RET3 define CRYSTAL_FREQUENCY_IN_HZ 12000000 define PLL_MULTIPLIER 1 define DEL LOOPS CRYSTAL_FREQUENCY_IN_HZ PLL_MULTIPLIER 500000 int32 KBD i32keydown void KBD cdelay void int32 i32i for i32i 0 i32i lt 5 DEL_LOOPS i32i void KBD Init void INO1DIR amp OxFFFFFFFF RETO RET1 RET2 RET3 Iprintf 101PIN 02bx n 1O1 PIN KBD i32keydown 1 int32 KBD i32the se int32 KBD kbhit void 24 int32 i32sc i32sc0 int32 i32ret i32retO for i32sc 0 i32sc lt 4 i32sc IO1DIR KBD_u32scanport1 i32sc Ox03000000 For RS and RW of LCD IO1CLR KBD_u32scanport1 i32sc KBD_cdelay i32ret IO1PIN amp ALL RET if KBD i32keydown 1 switch i32ret case ALL RET amp RETO KBD i32the_sc i32sc KBD i32keydown i32sc 4 printf RETO printf You n i32sc return 1 case ALL RET amp RET1 KBD i32the_sc i32sc KBD i32keydown i32sc
22. ecified above C How to Debug Program Connect SJT S as mentioned above Open project in SIDEARM Rebuild it Download the same code in the target board In SIDEARM go to Tools Debugger In Debugger go to Run Click on Not connected to target click here to connect Device ID starting from OX4 will be displayed and program will run To stop program go to Run Stop Now you can insert breakpoint and say Run You can use all the functions visible in Run option In variable watch window you can see only global variables 10 If you have declared any global variables then find their addresses from map file 11 Insert these addresses in variable watch window and you can see global variables also Experiment No 4 Aim Write a program for serial communication using UARTO W A P to transfer message Hello World serially at 19200 baud rate 8 bit data and 1 stop bit using UARTO Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to serial communication using UARTO Block Diagram EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2148 h include stdio h void main PINSELO 0x00000005 InitUart0 printf Hello World n while 1 putchar getchar Function UARTO include lt Philips LPC2148 h gt include lt Philips LPC2138 h
23. ed Click on OK After doing above mentioned settings Flash Magic stores it means for the next time just verify if these setting are proper or not If they are proper then you can directly follow below mentioned procedure a Connect the J1 UARTO connector of EDU ARM7 2148 board to COM1 or COM2 of a PC using the serial communication cable supplied with the board b Keep S3 switch in ON position You can keep S3 switch continuously ON Switch ON power to the EDU ARM7 2148 c Do proper settings in Flash Magic COM Port COM1 if other choose it Baud Rate 38400 Device LPC2148 Interface None ISP Enable Erase blocks used by Hex File Browse the file which you want to download and click on Start button d Flash Magic will download the program Wait till Finished comes e After downloading Flash Magic automatically resets the EDU ARM7 2148 board and program executes You can see output according to the program f If again you want to Reset the board then Switch OFF and ON the power to the EDU ARM7 2148 board You can see output according to the program Note Flash Magic can be used to download the program into other Philips Microcontrollers also See the list in Flash Magic itself study experiment 3 Aim Study of JTAG Debugger Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit Theory ze A JTAG Cable for Debugging 1 Type SJT S Serial JTAG Cable 2 Contents The JTAG Cable consists of following parts
24. ers 1 Lab work completed during prior session should be corrected during the next lab session 2 Students should be guided and helped whenever they face difficulties 3 The promptness of submission should be encouraged by way of marking and evaluation patterns that will benefit the sincere students study experiment 1 Aim Study Of EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit Theory The trainer kit contains following items 1 EDU ARM7 2148 board 2 Serial communication Cable 3 Power Supply Adaptor 4 SPJETs CD ROM Power Supply Requirement The power adaptor works with 230VAC It produces approximately 9V DC and the EDU ARM 2148 uses on board regulators to provide 5V 3 3V and 1 8V DC to all components on board Connecting the system The serial communication cable supplied with the board should be used to connect the board to a PC running windows95 98 ME 2000 XP Vista Operating system Connect one end of the serial cable to UARTO of EDU ARM7 2148 board and other end to PCs serial port Powering ON After connecting the serial communication cable as described above you may insert the power adaptor output jack into the on board power socket Plug the power adaptor into 230 VAC mains outlet and turn it on The power on indication green LED will turn on A EDU ARM7 2148 Block Diagram Below figure shows the locations of different components on the EDU ARM7 2148 board PWR JACK J2 UARTi
25. files un compress them Create a program group for SCARM Once you have successfully installed the software on your hard disk you can run it by clicking on Start Programs SPJ SCARM SIDEARM However we recommend that you go through this user s manual before you actually start using it SCARM is SPJETs C Compiler for ARM It also includes an IDE and other tools like Debugger Visual Code Generator VCG and Terminal Emulation Utility SPJTerm This document describes steps to create ARM applications in C using the SCARM About Project What is a project A project is a file in which SIDEARM stores all information related to an application E g it stores the name s of C and or Assembler source file s memory size to be used and other options for compiler assembler and linker Opening a project To open an existing project file select Project Open Project from the menu Creating a new project To create a new project select Project New Project from the menu Changing project settings To change the project settings such as adding or removing C and or Assembler source file s changing memory settings etc select Project Settings from the menu B SCARM Quick Start for creating C applications 1 Start the SIDE ARM program i e the Integrated Development Environment from start Programs SPJ SCARM 2 From Project menu select Close project if any project is open 3 From Project menu
26. g any its code is send to serial port using UARTO You can see output onb SPJT terminal 29 Experiment No 8 Aim Write a program to interface Stepper motor Apparatus EDU ARM 2148 with stepper motor Trainer kit SCRAM PC Theory Write theory related to stepper motor interfacing Block Diagram Stepper Motor X 5 Drive EDU ARM7 2148 Serial Cable Programm Program is given along with the compiler software Source Code include PhilipsiLPC2148 h define PHASEA 0x00002400 define PHASEB 0x00001400 define PHASEC 0x00001800 define PHASED 0x00002800 unsigned int delay void main PINSELO 0x00000000 PINSEL1 0x00000000 IOODIR 0x003C3C00 IOOSET 0x003C0000 IPINSEL2 0x00000000 NO1DIR 0x00000000 while 1 IOOSET PHASEA IOOCLR PHASEA amp 0x00003C00 for delay 0 delay lt 30000 delay IOOSET PHASEB IOOCLR PHASEB amp 0x00003C00 30 for delay 0 delay 30000 delay IOOSET PHASEC IOOCLR PHASEC 8 0x00003C00 for delay 0 delay 30000 delay IOOSET PHASED IOOCLR PHASED amp 0x00003C00 for delay 0 delay lt 30000 delay Output You can see stepper motor moving in particular direction and corresponding phase changes you can observed LED s D9 D12 31 Experiment No 9 Aim Write a program for interfacing of LM35 temperature sensor to on chip ADC ADCO Channel 2 P0 29 apparatus
27. gh this manual rather than only topics mentioned in the syllabus as practical aspects are the key to understanding and conceptual visualization of theoretical aspects covered in the books Good Luck for your Enjoyable Laboratory Sessions Prof A B Pentewar Prof Miss P A Jadhav Author SUBJECT INDEX Title Page no 1 Do s and Dont s in Laboratory 5 2 Instruction for Laboratory Teachers 5 3 Lab Exercises 1 Study Of EDU ARM 2148 Trainer kit 6 2 Study of IDE overview Project creation downloading amp debugging 11 3 Study of JTag debugger 14 4 Write a program for serial communication using UARTO 16 5 Write a program for LED interfacing 18 6 Write a program to Blink LED s 22 7 Write a program for keyboard interfacing 23 8 Write a program for Stepper motor interfacing 30 9 Write a program for generation of ramp wave using on chip DAC 32 10 Write a program for interfacing of temperature sensor to on chip ADC 35 11 Write a program for interfacing of EEPROM using SPI protocol 36 4 Quiz on the subject 41 5 Conduction of viva voce examination 41 6 Evaluation and marking scheme 41 1 DOs and DON Ts in Laboratory 1 Do not handle kit without reading the instructions Instruction manuals 2 Refer Help for debugging the program 3 Go through Demos of Signal Processing tool box san Strictly observe the instructions given by the teacher Lab Instructor 2 Instruction for Laboratory Teach
28. h This flash is In System Programmable ISP The LPC21xx micro controllers have a built in boot load program Upon power on this bootload program takes control it passes control to the user program if pin P0 14 is HIGH and some other conditions are satisfied Please refer to the LPC21xx data sheet for further details On the EDU ARM7 2148 board the P0 14 pin is made available on this S3 switch Turn ON this switch to control the Mode ISP mode or Run mode by Flash Magic S4 Turn ON this switch to connect Seven Segments RTC DS1307 and EEPROM AT24C512 to I2C lines SCLO PO 2 and SDAO PO 3 of LPC2148 S5 Turn ON this switch to connect POT and LM35 to ADCO 1 P0 28 and ADCO 2 PO 29 of LPC2148 S6 Turn ON this switch to connect Buzzer DAC TP7 and External Interrupt to ACOut PO 25 and EINTO PO 16 of LPC2148 ST Turn ON this switch to connect SPI EEPROM AT25256 to SPI lines SCKO PO 4 MISOO P0 5 MOSIO P0 6 and CS PO 7 of LPC2148 C Connector Details UARTO This is a DB9 female connector used for RS232 serial communication with the PC Pin 2 UARTO RS232 TxD output of mC Pin 3 VARTO RS232 RxD input to mC Pin 4 RS232 DTR Pin 5 Ground Pin 7 RS232 RTS All other pins of J1 UARTO are unused UART1 This is a DB9 female connector used for RS232 serial communication with the PC Pin 2 UART1 RS232 TxD output of mC Pin 3 UART1 RS232 RxD input to mC Pin 5 Ground 16x2 LCD This is a 16 pin single
29. line connector designed for connection to standard text LCD modules The pin signal correspondence is designed to be matching with that required by such LCD modules Pin 1 GND Pin 2 5V Pin 3 Vlcd Pin 4 P1 25 Used as RS of LCD Pin 5 GND Pin 6 P1 24 Used as EN of LCD Pin 7 to 10 No Connection Pin 11 P0 15 Used as D4 of LCD Pin 12 PO 17 Used as D5 of LCD Pin 13 PO 22 Used as D6 of LCD Pin 14 PO 30 Used as D7 of LCD Pin 15 Backlighting Pin 16 GND 128x64 Graphics LCD This is a 20 pin single line connector designed for connection to standard 128x64 Monochrome Graphics LCD modules The pin signal correspondence is designed to be matching with that required by such LCD modules Pin 1 GND Pin 2 5V Pin 3 Vlcd Pin 4 P1 25 Used as RS of GLCD Pin 5 PO 15 Used as RW of GLCD Pin 6 P1 24 Used as EN of GLCD Pin 7 PO 10 Used as DO of GLCD Pin 8 PO 11 Used as D1 of GLCD Pin 9 PO 12 Used as D2 of GLCD Pin 10 PO 13 Used as D3 of GLCD Pin 11 PO 18 Used as D4 of GLCD Pin 12 PO 19 Used as D5 of GLCD Pin 13 P0 20 Used as D6 of GLCD Pin 14 PO 21 Used as D7 of GLCD Pin 15 P0 22 Used as CS1 of GLCD Pin 16 PO 30 Used as CS2 of GLCD Pin 17 Pin 18 Pin 19 5V Pin 20 GND JTAG Connector This standard 20 pin JTAG connector provides debugging support for the LPC21xx This connector is mounted on top side of the board as shown in figure1 JTAG
30. select New Project The Open dialog window will be displayed Select the desired path where you wish to create this new project For example CASPJ 11 CAUTION The path and filename must not contain space or other special characters such as tab comma semicolon etc In the File name field type the name of the project without any extension For example you may type PROG1 Then click on the Open button 4 The action in the previous step will display the Project Settings dialog window This dialog window has 3 different parts named Compiler Options Linker Options and Source Files Any of these 3 parts can be displayed by clicking on the corresponding name near the top of this dialog window Currently the Compiler Options will be automatically displayed If the target micro controller must be a member of ARM family is known you may select the appropriate Manufacturer from the list and then select the appropriate micro controller from the device list If the target micro controller is not known or if you cannot find it in the list then you may simply select Philips as the manufacturer and LPC2148 as the micro controller 5 Click on Linker Options to display that part of the dialog window In this window you will see a list of 8 Memory Banks with names such as Memory 1 Memory 2 and so on In your target hardware there may be none or 1 or more number of
31. utton select the desired filename and then click on Open button Now the Project Settings dialog will indicate that selected file has been added into the project When all necessary files have been added to the project click OK button to create this new project 7 The PROG1 C file created by the IDE will be an empty file containing only the frame of main function You may write the desired program statements in this file or other files that you may have added to the project When done select Save from File menu If you have modified more than one source files then select Save All from File menu 8 From the Compile menu select Build This will invoke the Compiler to compile the file PROG1 C and further assuming no errors invoke the linker to create the HEX file If there are any errors or warnings during the process of compiling assembling or linking then those will be displayed in the output window below the editor window If there are errors then you may correct those by making appropriate changes to the program select Save 12 from File menu to save the changes and then again select Build from Compile menu Repeat this until there are no errors 9 You may inspect contents of the folder where your project files reside When there are no errors and build has completed successfully and then you will see a filename with same name as the project name and extension HEX in above example PROG1 HEX This is the file

Embedded Systems

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents