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SBE 26plus Manual

1. Memory 32 MB Flash RAM If conductivity not enabled Bytes day 9N W 36 3M ivi Data Storage If conductivity enabled Bytes day 12N W 48 3M N tide samples day W wave bursts day M wave measurements burst Quiescent sleep 0 0005 Watt Communications 0 10 Watt Data Upload 0 16 Watt Wave Burst aes Wave burst 0 11 Watt Regui a ave burst 0 a equirement Real time wave statistics 0 2 Watt 0 06 sec sample of samples burst 26plus with Quart Tide Sample Lar Pressure sensor integration 0 01 Watt Pressure Turn on for each sample if going to sleep between samples Sensor 0 30 Watt seconds 0 30 Joules Tide sample including temperature but not conductivity 0 30 Watt seconds 0 30 Joules Conductivity sample 0 40 Watt seconds 0 40 Joules Quiescent sleep 0 0005 Watt Communications 0 13 Watt Power Data Upload 0 19 Watt Requirement Wave Burst 26plus with Wave burst 0 14 Watt Note Strain Gauge Real time wave statistics 0 2 Watt 0 06 sec sample of samples burst See Senton g Pre Pressure Tie Sample pioy g Sensor Turn on off for each tide sample 0 36 Watt seconds 0 36 Joules Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Tide sample including temperature but not conductivity 0 14 Watt Conductivity sample 0 71 Watt seconds 0 71 Joules Standard 12 alkaline D cell batteries Duracell MN1300 LR20 Typical capacity 756 000 Joules Sea Bir
2. 89 Appendix Il Sample Timin Appendix II Sample Timing General Sample Timing Notes When Start is sent If Use start time in the SetSampling prompt is No the 26plus starts logging 10 seconds after receipt of Start If Use start time in the SetSampling prompt is Yes the 26plus starts logging at SetStartTime If Use start time in the SetSampling prompt is Yes and SetStartTime is less than 10 seconds in the future when Start is sent the 26plus ignores the programmed start time and starts logging in 10 seconds If Use stop time in the SetSampling prompt is Yes and SetStopTime is less than 1 hour after logging begins the 26plus ignores the programmed stop time and continues logging until Stop is sent Tides The 26plus integrates the pressure sensor output over the entire tide duration calculating and storing an average pressure for that time period The 26p us measures the temperature and optional conductivity T and C associated with the tide after the tide duration The time stamp the time reported with the tide pressure temperature and conductivity data is the time at the beginning of the tide duration Waves The time stamp the time reported with wave burst data is the time at the beginning of the wave burst Sample Timing with Quartz Pressure Sensor Tide interval If tide duration gt tide interval 20 sec tide duration is set to tide interval and the 26plus samples tides continuo
3. The drawing only shows the relationship between the maximum allowable wave burst duration real time statistics calculation and tide interval see other drawings below for sequencing of wave and tide measurements Tide interval Wave duration Real 210 sec wave samples burst i time wave sample duration wave statistics calculation if selected 94 Appendix Il Sample Timin e If tide duration lt tide interval 10 sec and wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation lt tide interval tide duration 10 sec Wave burst sampling is done after the applicable tide measurement For example if the 26plus is set up to sample a wave burst every 2 tide measurements the first wave burst starts 2 seconds after the second tide measurement See Strain Gauge Example 1 Tide interval Tide interval Tide duration i Tide duration eo o l _ ______________ Y 2 sec Sleep gt 8 sec 2 sec Sleep gt 8 sec T amp C T amp C i measurement measurement Wave Real time duration slalistas wave samples burst i calculation wave sample duration if selected Strain Gauge Example 1 Tide interval 15 minutes 900 sec tide duration 5 minutes 300 sec 512 samples wave burst at 0 25 sec sample 512 x 0 25 128 sec every 2 tide measurements Calculate real time wave statistics on 512 samples wave burst 512 x 0 06 sec calculation 30 7 sec required at end of wave burst
4. 18F07518F063 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF 3F9DA26FB4000000091CB36B 3F9DBE7010000000091CB497 3F9F1A706A000000091CB5C3 000000000000000000000000 flag beginning of tide parameters time of beginning of first tide sample tide sample interval wave integration period flag end of tide parameters tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time flag beginning of wave burst time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst wave burst pressure data wave burst pressure data wave burst pressure data flag end of wave burst tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time flag beginning of wave burst e Beginning lines flags header Header lines contain in order gt Input file name gt Software version used to upload the data gt 26plus response to status DS command gt 26plus response to calibration coefficients DC command e Following lines Data follows with each line followed by a carriage return and line feed Data is described below 106 Appendix Ill Data Formats Setup Parameters and Tide Data with Strain Gauge Pressure Data lines after
5. Run Convert Hex to convert uploaded data into separate wave and tide files Section 6 Run Merge Barometric Pressure to remove barometric pressure from tide file Section 7 Run Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports to calculate and summarize wave statistics Section 8 Run Plot Data to display the data Section 9 Section 1 Introduction Unpacking SBE 26plus Shown below is a typical SBE 26plus shipment 25 pin to 9 pin adapter for use with computer 1 0 Cable with DB 25 connector Pressure sensor oil refill kit Jackscrew kit Spare battery end cap hardware and o ring kit Spare hardware kit SBE 26plus SEAGAUGE 26plus manual Software and electronic copies of software manuals and user manual Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus Section 2 Description of SBE 26p us This section describes the functions and features of the SBE 26plus including specifications dimensions end cap connectors power supply and cable length limitations data I O protocols and real time setup System Description The SBE 26plus SEAGAUGE Wave and Tide Recorder combines Sea Bird s non volatile FLASH memory with a stable time base quartz pressure sensor precision thermometer and an optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor to provide wave and tide recording and real time data of unprecedented resolution and accuracy e For tide and water level monitoring the pressure sensor output is integrated
6. Was Statistics and results from auto spectrum analysis created by Process Wave Burst Data wb Wave measurements in engineering units created from uploaded hex file by Convert Hex wmf Windows metafile graphics file created by Plot Data WSS Fast Fourier Transform coefficients created by Process Wave Burst Data if selected wt Surface wave time series created by Process Wave Burst Data if selected wts Statistics from surface wave zero crossing analysis created by Process Wave Burst Data See Appendix III Data Formats for details on the format of each file 19 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance This section covers e Planning the required wave burst parameters and placement of the SBE 26plus using the Plan Deployment module in SEASOFT for Waves e Calculating battery and memory endurance for the desired sampling scheme using the Battery and Memory Endurance module in SEASOFT for Waves Plan Deployment Note See Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics for a detailed discussion of the theory and equations for wave calculations of wave samples per burst wave sample duration length of each sample in burst Note If planning to calculate wave statistics Sea Bird recommends the following for meaningful
7. If yes 26plus calculates and outputs real time wave auto spectrum statistics total variance total energy significant period significant wave height and time series statistics number of waves total variance total energy average wave height average wave period maximum wave height significant wave height significant wave period H1 10 and H1 100 at the end of every wave burst Does not affect storing data to memory The remaining prompts apply to real time wave statistics Following prompts appear only if you enter Y for TXWAVESTATS and only apply to real time wave statistics Show progress messages y n y new value If yes 26plus outputs progress messages as it performs real time calculations Number of wave samples per burst to use for wave statistics 512 38 new value Entered value must meet following gt 512 If entered number does not meet this criterion 26plus sets it to 512 power of 2 512 1024 etc If entered number does not meet this criterion 26plus rounds down to nearest power of 2 lt total number of wave samples burst If entered number does not meet this criterion 26p us rounds down to nearest power of 2 that is less than total number of wave samples burst 26plus calculates real time statistics on samples at beginning of burst for example if set up for 4096 samples burst and real time statistics on 512 samples burst 26plus uses first 512 out of 4096 sampl
8. Set SetStartTime to 12 00 00 Checking setup tide duration 300 sec lt tide interval 10 sec 900 10 890 sec wave burst duration real time wave statistics 128 30 7 159 sec lt tide interval tide duration 10 sec 900 300 10 590 sec Time Time Begin End Wave End Wave Time Stamp Begin P for End P for BeginT amp C EndT amp C Stamp Wave Burst amp Begin Statistic for Tide Tide for Tide for Tide for Wave Burst Wave Statistic Calculation Tide Burst Calculation 12 00 00 1 1 12 05 00 1 1 12 05 02 1 12 15 00 2 2 12 20 00 2 2 12 20 02 2 1 1 12 22 10 1 12 22 41 1 12 30 00 3 3 12 35 00 3 3 12 35 02 3 12 45 00 4 4 12 50 00 4 4 12 50 02 4 2 2 12 52 10 2 12 52 41 z 2 F 2 95 Appendix Il Sample Timin Note oe As shown for this scheme the tide e Iftide duration lt tide interval 10 sec and duration and T and C timing depend wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation gt on whether a wave burst occurs during tide interval tide duration 10 sec the tide interval Consequently do Wave burst sampling is don
9. from multiple logging sessions See Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Convert Hex converts the hex data to pressure in engineering units when the data is separated into tide and wave burst files The wave burst data conversions are described below Pressure temperature compensation frequency Hz PTCF pressure temperature compensation number 256 Pressure frequency Hz PF pressure number 256 Pressure is computed as follows U 1 0 PTCF 1000000 UO C C1 C2 U C3 U D D1 D2 but D2 0 s0 D D1 TO T1 T2 U T3 U T4 U 1 000 000 W 1 0 TO TO pressure psia PF PF slope correction C W 1 0 D W POffset offset correction where e U0 C1 C2 C3 D1 T1 T2 T3 T4 and POffset are entered in the 26plus EEPROM at the factory using the calibration coefficient commands and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC command response Slope and offset corrections are read from the Convert Hex calibration coefficients in1 file 103 Appendix Ill Data Formats Example 26plus with no conductivity from sample file above 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst 091CB3220200000000 time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst 029B83E80000000000 pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst 87CED
10. Hanning window inimum allowable attenuation default 0 0025 suppresses spectral Hanning window cutoff default 0 1 Chi squared confidence percent default 90 Outputting wt and or wss files is optional other file types was rpt and wts are always output If not selected all Fourier coefficients for T Output surface wave time series to wt fle frequencies gt fmax and lt fmin are set to 0 If selected filter ramps Fourier coefficients down to 0 for frequencies gt fmax and lt fmin I Output FFT coefficients to wss file Use filter cutoff default no Select number of wave bursts to process and Process Options number of wave bursts to skip at start of data file Default process all bursts Start Process Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window Begin processing Status field on File Setup e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made tab shows Processing complete when done changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit Make the desired selections and click Start Process to process the data 3 The Verify Setup dialog box appears Yerify Setup xj gt Surface wave processing summary 7 temperature 0 000 salinity 35 000 density 1028 106 nu
11. SBE 4M conductivity cell from the As a precaution click Upload to upload any data in memory 26plus before disassembly to avoid before beginning breaking the conductivity cell 2 Wipe the outside of the end cap and housing dry being careful to remove any water at the seam between them 3 Remove the four titantum hex head screws securing the connector end cap to the housing Plastic hex head screw 4 Remove the three plastic hex head screws from the end cap using the typical 3 places larger Allen wrench Insert the three jackscrews in these three holes in the end cap When you begin to feel resistance use the smaller Allen wrench to continue turning the screws Turn each screw 1 2 turn at a time As you turn the jackscrews the end cap will push away from the housing When the end cap is loosened pull it and the PCB assembly out of the housing 5 Remove any water from the O ring mating surfaces inside the housing with a lint free cloth or tissue Be careful to protect the O rings from damage or contamination 6 Disconnect the Molex connector connecting the PCB assembly to the battery compartment bulkhead 7 Remove the jackscrews from the end cap Titanium hex head screw typical 4 places 116 Appendix IV Electronics Disassembly Reassembly Reassembly Note Before delivery a desiccant package is inserted in the housing and the electronics chamber is filled with dry Argon gas These measures help p
12. The standard pressure sensor is a 20 meter 45 psia Paroscientific Digiquartz with a temperature compensated quartz element As an option the Digiquartz is available in other ranges from 0 2 to 680 meters 15 to 1000 psia Another option is substitution of a Druck strain gauge pressure sensor with a temperature compensated strain gauge element available in ranges from 20 to 600 meters 45 to 880 psia The lower priced Druck sensor is generally intended for wave sampling applications and will not provide the highest quality tide data Temperature is measured with an aged super stable thermistor embedded in the 26plus end cap An AC excitation is applied to a hermetically sealed VISHAY reference resistor and the thermistor A 24 bit A D converter digitizes the reference resistor and thermistor outputs Notes e Help files provide detailed information on SEASOFT for Waves SEASOFT for Waves data processing modules cannot process real time data from the 26plus Sea Bird supplies the current version of our software when you purchase an instrument As software revisions occur we post the revised software on our FTP site See our website www seabird com for the latest software version number a description of the software changes and instructions for downloading the software from the FTP site Sea Bird also has a DOS program SEASOFT for Waves DOS However the DOS program is not compatible with the 26pl us Section
13. logging will start in 10 seconds If the DS response shows transmit real time tide data YES real time tide data was enabled with TxTide Y each time the 26plus completes a tide measurement the display looks like this Tide start time 26 Jan 2006 13 40 01 p 14 2135 pt 21 952 t 21 0250 c 4 81952 s 34 3799 where e start time start of tide measurement p calculated and stored pressure psia pt calculated pressure temperature not stored C t calculated and stored temperature C c calculated and stored conductivity S m and s calculated salinity not stored psu Note that c and s display only if DS response shows conductivity YES conductivity acquisition is enabled with Conductivity Y If the DS response shows transmit real time wave burst data ES real time wave data transmission was enabled with TxWave Y each time a wave burst measurement is made the display looks like this K wave start time 26 Jan 2006 13 43 13 wave ptfreq 172046 343 or wave ptRaw 1 278 14 5599 14 5598 14 5597 14 5598 wave end wave burst where e start time start of wave measurement e ptfreq pressure temperature frequency Hz displays only for 26p us with Quartz pressure sensor e ptRaw calculated pressure temperature number displays only for 26p us with Strain Gauge pressure sensor e Remaining displayed values are calculated and stored pressures psia 29 Sec
14. 115 200 baud compared to ASCII upload at rates up to 38 400 SeatermW uploads the data in binary and then converts to ASCII resulting in a hex file with the same format as from an ASCII upload DBbaud b e Upload data in binary at baud rate of baud 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 57600 or 115200 from byte b to byte e First byte number is 0 26plus can upload data in blocks of up to 500 000 bytes at one time Sending this command manually does not provide useful information ByteCount Display total number of bytes in memory 44 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Diagnostic Commands Data from these tests is not stored in FLASH memory TS Take 1 sample of pressure pressure temperature temperature and optional conductivity and output converted data pressure psia pressure temperature C temperature C conductivity S m and Note salinity psu Conductivity and salinity are output only if conductivity is enabled TSR Take 1 sample of pressure pressure Conductivity Y temperature temperature and optional conductivity and output raw data Output varies depending on pressure sensor type e Quartz pressure sensor pressure frequency Hz pressure temperature frequency Hz temperature A D counts and conductivity frequency Hz e Strain Gauge pressure sensor pressure A D counts pressure temperature number temperature A D counts and conductivity frequency
15. 51 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Recovering SBE 26pl us WARNING Rinse the 26plus with fresh water See Section 10 Routine Maintenance and If the 26plus stops working while Calibration for optional conductivity cell cleaning and storage underwater or shows other signs of flooding or damage carefully secure it away from people until you have determined that abnormal internal pressure does not exist or has been relieved Pressure housings may flood under pressure due to dirty or damaged o rings or other failed seals When a sealed pressure housing floods at great depths and is subsequently raised to the surface water may be trapped at the pressure at which it entered the housing presenting a danger if the housing is opened before relieving the internal pressure Instances of such flooding are rare However a housing that floods at 600 meters depth holds an internal pressure of more than 800 psia and has the potential to eject the end cap with lethal force A housing that floods at 50 meters holds an internal pressure of more then 85 psia this force could still cause injury If you suspect the 26plus is flooded point the 26plus in a safe direction away from people and loosen the 3 screws on the connector end cap about 1 2 turn If there is internal pressure the end cap will follow the screws out and the screws will not become easier to turn In this event loosen
16. 73 Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data Options Sets up defaults for how the plot is output to the printer file or clipboard Print gt Orientation landscape portrait or printer driver default If driver default is selected orientation is determined by the default for the printer you select in Output Print if printing a single plot or the system default printer if printing multiple plots using Output Print Range gt Print full page If selected scale plot to fit 8 x 11 inch page If not selected Size determined by Plot Data View Dimensions plot dimensions as shown on screen Values Entered Below Units Width and Height entered here File gt Data format Metafile wmf Jpeg jpg or Bitmap bmp gt Size determined by Plot Data View Dimensions plot dimensions as shown on screen Values Entered Below Units Width and Height entered here Clipboard gt Data format Metafile wmf Jpeg jpg or Bitmap bmp gt Size determined by Plot Data View Dimensions plot dimensions as shown on screen Values Entered Below Units Width and Height entered here View Sets up viewing options First Burst Last Burst Next Burst Prior Burst Go to Burst applicable to wave time series and auto spectrum plots Switch the plot on screen to a different wave burst Undo Zoom Return the plot to the original ranges specified on the Axis ta
17. Pa 3 where the vertical pressure response function is K f z cosh k h z cosh kh dimensionless 4 where A t defined by 1 water surface displacement which varies between a and a meters W specific weight of water near the surface h water depth k wave number radians m calculated for a given wave period and depth with the dispersion relation 2 z vertical distance m from the measurement point to the mean undisturbed water surface Equation 3 is the essential result required to relate subsurface pressure to surface wave height For a given pressure frequency component P f the transfer function used to obtain surface wave amplitude a f from subsurface pressure is a f P f WwK 2 m 5 For deep water waves kh gt gt 1 and h L gt 0 5 equation 3 takes the form p WwAe Pa 6 which clearly represents an exponential decay with depth For shallow water waves hk lt lt and h gt L 2 equation 3 takes the form p WwA Pa 7 which is simply the hydrostatic equation 126 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Note Frequencies greater than fmax are processed if Use filter cutoff is selected in Process Wave Burst Data The table below developed with Plan Deployment shows pressure attenuation p bottom p surface vs bottom depth for waves with T 2 5 10 20 and 25 seconds Water
18. Second 0 59 0 S gt START Logging will start at 20 May 2006 12 35 00 Logging will stop at 20 May 2006 12 35 00 When logging starts If TxTide Y tide data displays on screen If TxWave Y wave data displays on screen If TXWAVESTATS prompt in SetSampling command is Y real time wave statistics display on screen See Programming for Deployment SeatermW for a description of screen displays while logging Logging stops at time set with SetStopTime 43 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note See General Command Notes above for issues relating to sending commands while the 26plus is making a tide or wave measurement Notes e Use SeatermW s Upload menu to upload data in ASCII or binary to a hex file that will be processed by SEASOFT for Waves see Uploading Data from Memory below Manually entering DD or DBbaud b e does not produce data with the required header information for processing by SEASOFT for Waves These commands are included here for reference for users who are writing their own software e To save manually uploaded data to a file click Capture before entering the upload command Note When SeatermW s Upload menu is used for binary upload SeatermW automatically tests that the selected upload baud rate is compatible with your computer sends ByteCount and sends DBbaud b e as many times as needed to upload all the data in
19. Sensor Height Wave Period seconds Depth above Bottom meters meters 25 20 10 5 2 2 0 0 99 0 99 0 96 0 84 0 25 4 0 0 99 0 98 0 92 0 70 0 04 8 0 0 97 0 96 0 84 0 45 15 0 0 95 0 93 0 72 0 17 20 0 0 94 0 90 0 63 0 08 30 0 0 91 0 85 0 48 0 02 40 0 0 87 0 81 0 35 50 0 0 84 0 76 0 25 nee 75 0 0 77 0 65 0 1 100 0 0 70 0 55 0 04 Pressure attenuation p bottom p surface for various bottom depths and wave periods less than 0 001 High Frequency Cutoff The table above shows that the pressure attenuation with depth is a strong function of the wave period short period waves attenuate much faster with depth than longer period waves This implies that for a pressure sensor deployed at a fixed depth z there is a high frequency cutoff fmax for which waves with f gt fmax are not measurable Above the high frequency cutoff any noise in the subsurface pressure record is mapped by the transfer function into unrealistic surface wave height values The default high frequency cutoff for Process Wave Burst Data is the frequency where the ratio of pressure measured by the SBE 26plus to pressure at the surface is less than 0 0025 wave sample duration see equation 20 Frequencies greater than fmax are not processed by Process Wave Burst Data for most applications Example Water depth is 10 meters You are interested in measuring waves with fre
20. The cut off voltage is 10 4 volts batteries are diode OR d with the external source so power is drawn from If the voltage falls below that the whichever voltage source is higher 26plus provides a warning message and will not take On board lithium batteries non hazardous units which are unrestricted for measurements shipping purposes are provided to back up the buffer and the real time clock in the event of main battery failure exhaustion or removal The main batteries can be replaced without affecting either the real time clock or the memory If the main power supply falls below 9 VDC the 26plus will draw power from the back up lithium batteries External Power and Cable Length Note There are two issues to consider if powering the SBE 26plus externally See real Time Setup De ow e Limiting the communication IR loss to 1 volt if transmitting real time for baud rate limitations on wep cable length if transmitting real data higher IR loss will prevent the instrument from transmitting real time data time data because of the difference in ground potential e Supplying enough power at the power source so that sufficient power is available at the instrument after considering IR loss Each issue is discussed below Note Limiting Communication IR Loss to 1 Volt if Transmitting Common wire resistances Real Time Data Resistance ohms foot 0 0016 The limit to cable length is typically reached when the maximum current
21. miscere aaa e ee Eaa EA Inesi a eh Si Create Reports Summarize Wave Data Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data sseseosoesessossesoosseseosesoossesossossessosseese 6S File Setup Tab ccc ccscececcassaecesacevecacaddicesivedasedecisedacevsdaced evceutecucedanttedeata deve 68 Plot Setup Tabir ccccce cecsiecsecaes eesecce cetede chess duces een eeoess eects es eects Weesevtan Cie i 69 X AXIS RAD soos cece eee eee eA ec a RRS sce eR aR wc 8 70 Y Axis Paes cit ete ses secs sec Soe Bes ei Re cl See ad ee aago 72 Viewing and Outputting Plots cc eccecsseesseseceesceeeceeeceeceseessecsaecseecseeeaeeenes 73 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration ssccccsssssssssssseee 75 Corrosion PrecautiOns ccccccccsssceceessececeescececessceceeseeeceessececsssecseseeeesesseees 75 Connector Mating and Maintenance ccccccceesceesceeeceeeceseeesecssecnsecseeeaeeenes 75 Battery Replacement snien oriire ieii asi e i iiai iat 76 Pressure Sensor Maintenance eeose erreia i Ea E iaa 77 Conductivity Cell Maintenance ccccccceecseescesseesceeeceseceseceseensecesecsaeeseeeaeeenes 80 Sensor CalibratiOn2 innn rn EEE O R A e 81 Section 11 Troubleshooting cccssccssscssscscscsssscessescssssssssesecees s Problem 1 Unable to Communicate with SBE 26plus 0 ccccscceseeeseesteeseeenes Problem 2 Nonsense or Unreasonable Uploaded Data Problem 3 Nonsense or Unreasonable Real Time Data GI
22. 1024 Time required to calculate real time z wave statistics Wave statistics duration seconds 0 E Nominal alkaline battery endurance days 1011 3 Battery capacity daily power consumption e Alkaline batteries 5 year battery Nominal lithium battery endurance days 2791 3 discharge and capacity derated 15 e Lithium batteries 3 year battery 32 MB Memory endurance days 676 1 discharge and capacity derated 15 and memory storage requirements Warning deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries Click Calculate to calculate battery endurance and memory endurance Help Exit Tide interval Tide interval Tide interval Tide interval Notes e This drawing is schematic only intended to define the J sampling scheme terminology See Appendix Il Sample ae of eee i Timing for timing details Tide samp Seuns See Command Descriptions in Section 5 SBE 26plus duration Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW for programming desired sampling scheme in 26plus e If only interested in tide data see Using SBE 26plus as a Tide Recorder in Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW e If only interested in wave data see Using SBE 26plus as a Wave Recorder in Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW vane sample duration length of
23. 2 Description of SBE 26plus For the 26plus with Quartz pressure sensor tide measurements are obtained by counting the pressure frequency with a 32 bit ripple counter Each time the 26plus wakes up the ripple counters are latched into registers and then reset The wake up times are set by a continuously powered real time clock with an accuracy of 5 seconds month Wave burst measurements are made with a period counter with its time base generated from a temperature compensated precision quartz crystal oscillator For the 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure sensor a 24 bit A D converter digitizes the output of the pressure sensor for the wave and tide measurements The standard 26plus includes e Plastic housing for depths to 600 meters 1960 ft e 20 meter 45 psia Digiquartz temperature compensated pressure sensor e Accurate temperature sensor aged thermistor embedded in end cap e Frequency input channel and bulkhead connector for optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor 32 MB FLASH memory e RS 232 interface e 12 alkaline D cell batteries Duracell MN1300 LR20 battery compartment is separated from electronics by a moisture proof seal e Impulse glass reinforced epoxy bulkhead connectors 26plus options include e Digiquartz temperature compensated pressure sensor in ranges from 0 2 to 680 meters 15 to 1000 psia e Druck strain gauge pressure sensor with a temperature compensated strain gauge element in ranges from 20
24. 20 minutes Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice If swallowed Call poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice Have person drink several glasses of water Do not induce vomiting Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person If in eyes Hold eye open and rinse slowly and gently with water for 15 20 minutes Remove contact lenses if present after the first 5 minutes then continue rinsing eye Call a poison control center or doctor for treatment advice HOT LINE NUMBER Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor or going for treatment For further information call National Pesticide Telecommunications Network NPTN at 1 800 858 7378 Net Contents Two anti foulant devices Sea Bird Electronics Inc EPA Registration No 74489 1 1808 136 Place Northeast EPA Establishment No 74489 WA 1 Bellevue WA 98005 119 Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS HAZARD TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS DANGER Corrosive Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns Harmful if swallowed Harmful if absorbed through the skin or inhaled Prolonged or frequently repeated contact may cause allergic reactions in some individuals Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USER SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS Users should Remove clothing immediately if pesticide gets inside Then
25. 26plus pin 2 counter clockwise from pin 1 goes to DB 9 pin 3 e 26plus pin 3 opposite pin 1 goes to DB 9 pin 2 Cause Solution 4 If attempting to communicate with the 26plus after you started logging the 26plus may be making a wave burst measurement You cannot communicate with the 26p us while it is making a wave burst Note measurement Wait until you think the wave burst is complete and try to Interrupting a tide measurement and or establish communications again If you have programmed a long wave burst wave burst by pressing the Esc key and need to establish communications now press Esc to interrupt the wave will affect the quality of your data For burst this interrupts the current wave burst but does not stop logging The high quality data Sea Bird 26plus will fill out the remaining data in the interrupted wave burst with 0 s recommends the following to allow querying the 26plus during logging without interrupting measurements Cause Solution 5 If attempting to communicate with the 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure sensor after you started logging the 26plus may be making a tide measurement You cannot communicate with the 26plus while it is e Set sampling parameters with enough time between measurements and making a tide measurement Wait until you think the tide measurement is Schedule time queries when the complete and try to establish communications again If you need to establish 26plus is not mea
26. 512 if e a smaller number is entered and e real time wave statistics is enabled see TXWAVESTATS prompt below press Enter key To accept present value without change press Enter key 26plus prompts as follows tide interval integer minutes 30 new value Time from start of tide measurement to start of next tide measurement Range 1 720 minutes 12 hours user input outside range is set to minimum or maximum allowable value as appropriate tide measurement duration seconds 30 new value Length of tide measurement 26plus integrates over this time counting signal continuously and computing average pressure Range 10 43 200 sec 12 hours With Quartz pressure If tide duration lt tide interval 20 sec 26plus goes to sleep between tide samples and wakes up and latches power onto pressure sensor 10 sec before start of next tide sample If tide duration gt tide interval 20 sec tide duration is set to tide interval and 26plus samples tides continuously With Strain Gauge pressure 26plus always goes to sleep between measurements If tide duration gt tide interval 10 sec tide duration is set to tide interval 10 sec measure wave burst after every N tide samples N 4 new value Wave burst is sampled every N tide interval Range 1 10 000 number of wave samples per burst multiple of 4 512 new value Number of measurements wave burst If ente
27. 757 to convert the measured pressure from psi to Pascals 128 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Surface Wave Auto Spectrum The Finite Fourier transform of a time series with N points contains N raw spectral estimates at frequencies given by F j T j 0 N 1 Hz 12 where T is the total time of the series seconds The first spectral estimate j 0 is the mean of the time series and is 0 since the subsurface pressure time series has been de meaned The interval between spectral estimates resolution bandwidth is of 1 T 1 N t 13 where ot is the time interval between samples in the subsurface pressure time series While N raw spectral estimates are computed only the first N 2 1 are unique For a real input time series the second N 2 1 values are identical to the first N 2 values The limiting frequency is the Nyquist frequency given by Nyquist 1 28t Hz 14 The forward Fourier transform of the time series is defined by Z 1 N gt xexp i2rnj N 15 n 0 where Z the raw spectral estimates are complex numbers i 1 1 2 The raw spectral estimates are directly related to the single frequency wave described in 1 a 2 Z arg Zj 16 The variance at each frequency is varj Zj 7 j 1 N 1 17 The total variance of the spectrum N 1 var io 2 Z Pa 18 j l is equal to the variance calculated from the time series 28 For each frequency up to the
28. 801584 DB 95 data I O cable a en re ee i 2 4 m 8 ft long 25 pin DB 25S to For use with computer with 171888 corned cable DB 25 connector 17043 Locking sleeve Locks I O cable or dummy plug 2 8 in place 171192 Locking sleeve wet Locks I O cable or dummy plug 2 pluggable connector in place 17045 1 3 pin RMG 3FS dummy For when optional conductivity 1 plug with locking sleeve sensor not used 3 pin MCDC 3 F 171500 1 wet pluggable For when optional conductivity I dummy plug with sensor not used locking sleeve 17046 1 4 pin RMG 4FS dummy For RS 232 I O connector during 1 plug with locking sleeve deployment 4 pin MCDC 4 F 171398 1 wet pluggable For RS 232 I O connector during 1 dummy plug with deployment locking sleeve 17047 1 6 pin AG 206 dummy For RS 422 RS 485 I O connector 1 plug with locking sleeve during deployment For use with optional conductivity 801542 AF24173 sensor Bis tributyltin oxide device 1 Anti Foulant Device inserted into anti foulant set of 2 device cup in mount kit Mounts on ends of conductivity cell 50315 Pi rea device to hold AF24173 Anti Foulant 1 Devices Octyl Phenol Ethoxylate Reagent grade non ionic cleaning solution for SOTLI priton 2109 conductivity cell supplied in 100 l strength dilute as directed 50102 Mounting fixture Optional mounting fixture with 1 mooring lock pin 138 Index A Anti Foulant Devices 118 B Batteries 14 r
29. Auto divisions Plot Data selects number of major divisions on axis and number of minor divisions between major divisions User selects axis Minimum and Maximum values Any values that fall outside user selected Minimum to Maximum range will plot at minimum or maximum as applicable File Options Help File Setup Plot Setup Axis Y Axis 1 Y Axis 2 Variable IAES Plot Style Overlay Stacked v Label axis with variable name Line type Thin Solid vV Auto range Minimum 9 9909 Maximum f10 0000 Auto divisions Major 4 Minor fi Start Process Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done 70 Line Color i Line symbol f5 olid Circle Selection dependent on Plot type selected on Plot Setup tab e Wave Time Series time seconds e Tide Time Series date and time e Wave Statistics burst number or date and time e Overlay overlay plot for all Y axis variables on one plot or e Stacked create a separate plot for each Y axis variable with plots stacked vertically above each other Custom label Select desired line type color and symbol Selection of color or monochrome plot and inclusion of symbols in plot is made on Plot Setup tab and applies to all axes a j ca Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e f Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Sav
30. Battery and Memory Endurance Click on one of the SBE 26plus tabs in the dialog box The dialog box looks like this Z Battery and Memory Endurance File Help 26plus with Quartz and with Strain Gauge pressure sensor have different power Enter tide measurement interval tide measurement duration number of tide Eilon Na ae requirements To verify pressure sensor type must SBE 26plus Strain SBE 26 SBi send status DS command in SeatermW third line of response shows pressure sensor type measurements between each wave burst wave samples burst wave sample duration and whether gt t conductivity is also measured Tide measurement interval minutes Sampling setup is programmed into 26plus with SetSampling and Tide measurement duration seconds Conductivity Measure waves every N tide samples N 26plus firmware gt 6 0 allows for ev Aalst eee output of real time wave statistics Wave sample duration seconds Earlier versions could only output real time wave burst pressure IV Conductivity frequencies To verify firmware Real time statistics samples burst must be version send status DS command in V Firmware version 6 0 or greater lt total wave samples burst Real time setup is SeatermW first line of response I Output real time wave statistics programmed into 26plus with SetSampling shows firmware version Real time wave statistics samples per burst 512 m Wave burst duration seconds
31. Click Upload to upload stored data in a form that SEASOFT for Waves data processing modules can use SeatermW responds as follows A SeatermW sends the status DS command displays the response and writes the command and response to the upload file with each line preceded by DS provides information regarding the number of samples in memory tide interval etc B SeatermW sends the calibration coefficients DC command displays the response and writes the command and response to the upload file with each line preceded by DC provides information regarding the sensor calibration coefficients C In the Save As dialog box enter the desired upload file name and click OK The upload file has a hex extension D ASCII Upload if binary upload was not selected in Step 2 SeatermW sends the data upload command DD SeatermW writes the data to the upload file The Status bar at the bottom of the SeatermW window displays the progress of the upload indicating the number of uploaded lines of data E Binary Upload if binary upload was selected in Step 2 SeatermW tests that the selected binary upload baud rate is supported by your computer If it is not the upload is aborted SeatermW sends ByteCount to determine how many bytes of data are in memory because only 500 000 bytes can be uploaded in one block SeatermW sends the data upload command DBbaud b e as many times as needed to upload all the data in memory in blocks
32. Data Formats Hex Data Format with Quartz Pressure Sensor hex extension A hex file contains hexadecimal data uploaded from SBE 26plus memory using SeatermW s Upload The beginning of a sample hex file for a 26plus with Quartz pressure sensor and without conductivity follows Sea Bird SBE 26plus Data File FileName C 26plus QuartzNoCond hex Software Version 1 07 DS SBE 26plus V 6 1lc SN 1022 10 Dec 2006 10 43 20 user info test file quartz pressure sensor serial number 12345 range 45 psia internal temperature sensor conductivity NO iop 5 9 ma vmain 18 5 V vlith 9 1 V last sample p 14 8637 t 18 8973 tide measurement interval 5 000 minutes duration 120 seconds measure waves every 3 tide samples 512 wave samples burst at 4 00 scans sec duration 128 seconds logging start time do not use start time logging stop time do not use stop time tide samples day 288 000 xwave bursts day 96 000 xmemory endurance 218 6 days nominal alkaline battery endurance 319 5 days total recorded tide measurements 17 total recorded wave bursts 5 tide measurements since last start 17 wave bursts since last start 5 transmit real time tide data NO transmit real time wave burst data NO transmit real time wave statistics NO status stopped by user xlogging NO send start command to begin logging S gt DC Pressure coefficients
33. Hz TT Sample temperature and output converted data C 26plus runs continuously during test drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test TTR Sample temperature and output raw data A D counts 26p us runs continuously during test drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test FR Measure and display frequencies Hz Column Output tf pressure frequency 1 displays only if Quartz pressure sensor pf pressure temperature compensation frequency displays only if Quartz pressure sensor cf conductivity frequency 3 displays only if conductivity enabled with Conductivity Y 26plus runs continuously during test drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test 45 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Diagnostic Commands continued VR FlashInit FlashGood 46 Measure and display power Column Output 1 Main battery voltage 11 18 2 Back up lithium voltage 4 8187 3 Operating current mA 20 04 4 Ground voltage 26plus runs continuously during test drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test Map bad blocks and erase FLASH memory 2048 blocks destroying all data 26plus requires you to enter FlashInit twice to provide verification before it proceeds All data bits are set to 1 Tide and wave sample number are set to 0 Test takes approx
34. Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note The 26plus automatically enters quiescent sleep state after 2 minutes without receiving a command This timeout algorithm conserves battery energy if the user does not send QS to put the 26plus to sleep If the system does not appear to respond click Connect to reestablish communications 4 Click Connect The display looks like this SBE 26plus S gt This shows that correct communications between the computer and 26plus has been established If the system does not respond with the S gt prompt e Click Connect again e Verify the correct instrument Comm port and baud rate were entered in the Configuration dialog box e Check cabling between the computer and 26plus 5 Display 26plus setup information by clicking Status SeatermW sends the DS command The display looks like this SBE 26plus V 6 lc SN 12345 user info test setup quartz pressure sensor serial number 90319 range 1000 psia internal temperature sensor conductivity YES 10 Dec 2006 13 35 13 iop 6 0 ma vmain 15 3 V vlith 9 3 V last sample p 21 9520 t 21 0250 s 34 3799 tide measurement interval 60 000 minutes duration 120 seconds measure waves every 6 tide samples 4096 wave samples burst at 4 00 scans sec duration 1024 seconds do not use start time do not use stop time logging start time logging stop time tide samples day 24 000 wav
35. Memory capacity 32 MB 1024 1024 33 554 432 bytes Memory endurance 33 554 432 49 632 676 days As a check compare with the output of Battery and Memory Endurance the program shows the same results Note that for this example the 26plus power capacity exceeds the memory capacity 25 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note This section covers Instrument commands and e Programming the SBE 26plus for deployment using SeatermW responses are identical for the e Command descriptions 26plus with Quartz pressure sensor e Programming SBE 26plus for use only as a tide recorder or only as a or Strain Gauge pressure except w ve recorder aS moid e Installing and deploying the SBE 26plus e Recovery and uploading data from memory using SeatermW Programming for Deployment SeatermW 1 Connect the 26plus to the computer using the data I O cable A By hand unscrew the locking sleeve from the 26plus I O connector 4 pin for standard RS 232 6 pin for optional RS 422 RS 485 If you must use a wrench or pliers be careful not to loosen the I O connector instead of the locking sleeve B Remove the dummy plug from the 26plus I O connector by pulling the plug firmly away from the connector C Standard Connector Install the Sea Bird I O cable connector aligning the raised bump on the side of the connector wit
36. TG The energy centimeters squared is the sum of the variance over the indicated frequency band e The 9 second wave period is the sum of the variances where the frequency is between 1 10 Hz and 1 8 Hz e The 20 second wave period is the sum of the variances where the frequency is between 1 22 Hz and 1 18 Hz e The 22 second wave period is the sum of the variances of all the frequencies less than 1 22 Hz Significant period 1 band averaged frequency with the greatest variance 113 Appendix Ill Data Formats Surface Wave Time Series Statistics wts extension A wts file is created from the wb file in Process Wave Burst Data A sample surface wave time series statistics file is shown below SBE 26plus 0 39714178 6 860774e 003 6 293907e 001 1 39724978 6 632170e 003 4 505061le 001 00 1024 109 5 666 4 466 1024 431 892497e 001 1 972292e 001 7 431193e 000 115848e 001 9 138889e 000 4 114119e 001 6 293907e 001 00 1024 112 6 377 Sey 1024 431 662836e 001 1 914052e 001 7 223214e 000 078597e 001 9 000000e 000 3 902955e 001 4 505061le 001 WHADRPWHAEH e First line flags the beginning of the data for a wave burst Line contains in order Wave burst number Start of wave burst seconds since January 1 2000 Wave integration time seconds Number of points in the wave burst Number of individual waves found Water depth meters Pressure sensor depth meters Density kg m VVVVVVV
37. UO 5 856409e 00 ee more pressure sensor calibration coefficients M 279620 2 B 18641 3 offset 0 000000e 00 Temperature coefficients TAO 5 473956e 04 F x TA1 1 803112e 04 TA2 3 899926e 06 TA3 6 722141e 09 Note 7S gt DD If you uploaded data in FFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF flag beginning of tide parameters binary SeatermW sent 091CB0510000000000 time of beginning of first tide sample DBbaud b e instead of DD 012C00010000000000 tide sample interval wave integration period However the uploaded hex FFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF flag end of tide parameters file always shows the DD 3FB78A6CA4091CB051 tide data pressure temperature and time d the file looks 3FB7DE6CEB091CB17D tide data pressure temperature and time gommant So 3FB8F66D33091CB2A9 tide data pressure temperature and time exactly the same regardless 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst of whether ASCII or binary 091CB3220200000000 time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst upload was used 029B83E80000000000 pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst 87CED887CED6 wave burst pressure data en a wave burst pressure data 87CEE087CEEA wave burst pressure data FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF flag end of wave burst 3FB8BE6D77091CB3D5 tide data pressure temperature and time 3FB8DA6DBD091CB501 tide data pressure temperature and time 3FB9826E01091CB62D tide data p
38. ae during communication times the power common wire resistance is more than 0 0064 1 volt because the difference in ground potential of the 26plus and ground 0 0081 controller prevents the 26p us from transmitting real time data a A V limit 1 volt IR jimit 0 0257 Maximum cable length R jimi wire resistance per foot 0 0410 where I maximum current required by 26plus during communication 0 0653 From Specifications upload power required is 0 16 Watt for 26p us with Quartz pressure or 0 19 Watt for 26p us with Strain Gauge pressure Conservatively use 0 20 Watts for both and use 12 V minimum input voltage to calculate I V Watts I 0 20 Watts 12V 0 017 Amps Example 1 For 20 gauge wire what is maximum distance to transmit power to 26plus if transmitting real time data For upload current R iimit V imit 1 volt 0 017 Amps 58 8 ohms For 20 gauge wire resistance is 0 0107 ohms foot Maximum cable length 58 8 ohms 0 0107 ohms foot 5495 feet 1675 meters Example 2 Same as above but there are 4 instruments powered from the same power supply For 60 milliamp communications current R jimit V imi 1 volt 0 017 Amps 4 instruments 14 7 ohms Maximum cable length 14 7 ohms 0 0107 ohms foot 1373 feet 418 meters to 26plus furthest from power source 14 Section 2 Description of SBE 26p us Supplying Enough Power to SBE 26p us Another consideration in determining maximum c
39. barometric pressure bp data Note that both tid and bp files _Select must be in same directory but they can have different names Select to pick different files Output directory I data SBE26 DATAM 0074 Select Name append fMinusB ar ile Options Help File Setup Data Setup Program setup file Directory and file name for output Output file x tid tid data Name append is added to output file name before tid extension For example if Click Start Process to begin processing X tid and March03 bp processing data Status field ot processing with a Name append of MinusBarP shows Processing complete output file is XMinusBarP tid when done Start Process DA Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e f Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e f Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit Make the desired selections 57 S If selected output tid file contains water depth in place of pressure Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field on ection 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure 2 Click on the Data Setup tab The Data Setup tab looks like this fas Merge Barometric Pressure jo
40. bottom Show line legends Show legends and right of axes below plot title Legend indicates line color or symbol as applicable Select number of wave bursts or tide scans to process and number to Space between axes and maximum and minimum plotted values if Auto range selected on Axis tabs For 0 maximum and minimum values plot on axes Start Process 7 Bae Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes skip at start of data file Default is to process all data Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit 69 Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data X Axis Tab Click on the X Axis tab The X Axis tab defines the plot style as well as the X axis variable scale and line type The X Axis tab looks like this for Wave Time Series Tide Time Series or Wave Statistics aio x Select to label axis with variable name as listed in drop down Variable list or enter Custom label for axis e Auto range Plot Data selects axis Minimum and Maximum values number of Major divisions on axis and number of Minor divisions between Major divisions
41. end cap _ Acetal copolymer housing Optional acetal copolymer mounting fixture drill as required 68 8 cm 27 1 in SBE 4 mount bracket SBE 4 conductivity sensor optional cable not shown Titanium bolt knob A 77 5 cm 30 5 in Titanium connector end cap Nylon pressure port fitting Pressure bladder cover Data I O connector Conductivity connector ul Optional RS 422 485 Interface 16 5 cm 6 5 in a AG 306 HP SS 13 7 cm 1 Common 5 38 in 2 RS 422 485 Transmit 3 RS 422 485 Transmit 4 RS 422 485 Transmit 5 RS 422 485 Transmit 6 External Power optional 12 20 VDC a ii 6 25 0 0 1 0 I OR ie Oe o 2 o Se se 0 4 MCBH 4MP WB MCBH 6M TI 3 8 length base 1 2 20 thread 13 Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus Power Supply The main batteries for a standard SBE 26plus are 12 D cell alkaline batteries Notes Duracell MN 1300 LR20 The 26plus can also be powered by 6 DD cell e For battery endurance calculations see Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance batteries with buttons batteries not supplied by Sea Bird The 26plus can be powered from an external 12 20 VDC source The internal
42. file into separate wave and tide files with output data in engineering units Tide data processin Merge pr 8 Barometric Remove barometric pressure from tide data See Section 7 Pressure Process Wave oo Compute wave statistics Burst Data Wave data processing f Output one line of surface wave time series See Section 8 Bx Create Reports and or wave burst auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst Plot data from a tid wb was wts and or Data plottin wt file plots can be printed Plot Data can P 8 Plot Data plot data at any point after uploaded hex data See Section 9 is converted into separate wave and tide files in Convert Hex 18 File Types Section 3 Software Installation and Use File extensions are used by SEASOFT for Waves to indicate the file type Extension Description bmp Bitmap graphics file created by Plot Data bp Barometric pressure data used by Merge Barometric Pressure to remove barometric pressure from the tide data tid file cap Real time data and or diagnostics captured using SeatermW hex Data uploaded from 26plus memory using SeatermW Also data from multiple logging sessions split into separate files by Extract Tide ini There are three ini files used in SEASOFT for Waves e Convert Hex uses a ini file containing the pressure sensor slope and offset for making small post deployment corrections for
43. including e 30145 Screw 6 32 x 1 2 Phillips head stainless steel secures battery cover plate to battery posts e 30242 Washer 6 flat stainless steel for screw 30145 e 30447 Bolt 4 20 x 1 Hex titanium secures life eye to connector end cap and plastic bar to battery end cap e 30493 Machine screw 10 24 x 1 Hex titanium secures connector end cap to housing e 30552 Retaining ring secures mooring pin for optional mounting fixture to lift eye e 30816 Parker 2 234E603 70 battery end cap to housing piston seal e 30090 Parker 2 153N674 70 battery end cap to housing face seal e 30815 Parker 2 233E603 70 connector end cap to housing radial piston seal Continued on next page 137 Appendix IX Replacement Parts Continued from previous page Part Sessa reer Quantity Number Part Application Description in 26plus 3 pin RMG 3FS to f 17695 3 pin RMG 3FS cable ETOM 26p us to optional 1 0 28 m 11 in long conductivity sensor 3 pin to MCIL 3FS wet pluggable 171752 connector to etd i ae oi 1 3 pin RMG 3FS cable 0 28 m 11 in long 4 pin RMG 4FS to 801225 DB 9S data T O able _ PT0 Z6plus to computer for 1 2 4 m 8 ft long standard RS 232 interface 4 pin MCIL 4FS wet pluggable From 26plus to computer for 801374 connector to 1 DB 9S data T O cable standard RS 232 interface 2 4 m 8 ft long 6 pin AG 206 to
44. memory in blocks of 500 000 bytes Send Last Sample Commands These commands cause the 26plus to transmit pressure temperature and salinity if optional conductivity sensor installed from the last tide measurement These commands are functional only while the 26plus is logging after Start has been sent to start logging now or at a future date time e If Start has not been sent the 26plus responds with CMD e If Start has been sent but there is not yet a completed tide measurement in memory the 26plus responds with p 99 0000 t 99 0000 s 99 0000 SL Send pressure temperature and salinity if optional conductivity sensor installed data from last tide measurement and do not go to sleep do not enter quiescent state SLO Send pressure temperature and salinity if optional conductivity sensor installed data from last tide measurement and go to sleep enter quiescent state Equivalent to sending SL and then sending QS Example user input in bold S gt SL p 14 5266 t 22 7003 s 29 05335 Data Upload Commands Stop logging before uploading data ASCH Upload DD Upload all data from memory in ASCII at baud rate set for general communication with Baud Binary Upload Binary upload useful for large data sets is inherently faster than ASCII upload because each byte is transmitted as one character instead of two Additionally the SBE 26plus supports binary upload at rates up to
45. obtained from the auto spectrum 25 as a check on the goodness of the time series reconstruction An estimate of the total wave energy contained in the record is E W lt o gt J m 31 Average Wave Height and Period H T avg avg Since the wave time series is typically very irregular due to the random nature of the sea surface the calculation of wave heights and periods can only be approximate and statistical A standard method for estimating wave heights and wave periods is summarized in the Handbook on Wave Analysis and Forecasting from the World Meteorological Organization WMO No 446 1976 Geneva Switzerland and illustrated below mean level Zero Crossing Method for Estimating Wave Heights and Periods from a Wave Time Series Individual waves are isolated by identifying the zero upcrossings H and T for each captured wave is stored in an array Averaging over all the captured waves yields the average wave height H meters and the average period Tvg seconds H avg max 1S the largest captured wave 133 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Sea State Significant Wave Height The significant wave height H and average period T y define the sea state H is the average height of the highest 1 3 of the waves and has physical significance because it is the approximate wave height picked out visually and reported by trained observers at sea T is obtained by picking out the hig
46. pressure sensor drift Each time you save a ini file Convert Hex copies the file to CNVHex ini in your Windows directory You may copy and rename the file if desired this will not affect the results The next time you open Convert Hex it automatically opens CNVHex ini you can use that file or select a different ini file e SeasoftWaves ini in your Windows directory contains the location and file name of the last saved Program Setup psa file and options settings for each module with a psa file Merge Barometric Pressure Process Wave Bursts Create Reports and Plot Data e SeatermW ini in your Windows directory contains the last instrument type SBE 26 or 26plus COM port and baud rate used in SeatermW for communicating with the instrument Jpg JPEG graphics file created by Plot Data psa Program Setup file used by Merge Barometric Pressure Process Wave Bursts Create Reports and Plot Data to store setup information input and output file names and locations and processing instructions r26 tid File containing one line of surface wave time series and or wave burst auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst created by Create Reports rpt Summary report created by Process Wave Burst Data Tide measurements in engineering units created from uploaded hex file by Convert Hex Also file format for tide data that has had barometric pressure removed by Merge Barometric Pressure
47. should overflow from top of tube ee gt 7 Install the supplied capillary fitting 50029 in the pressure port A As the fitting is installed oil should rise the length of the tube and overflow Wipe up the excess oil with a paper towel B Gently tighten the lower portion of the fitting with a 9 16 inch wrench DO NOT OVERTIGHTEN C Remove the upper portion of the capillary fitting and tube using a 7B Tighten 7 16 inch wrench Store it for possible use another time with 9 16 inch wrench Using the small syringe add oil to the lower portion of the fitting forming a meniscus Fill the large syringe 30521 full with oil A Thread the tube from the pressure bag 30551 through the Swagelock fitting 30002 and install the pressure bag tube over the needle B Pull the plunger back on the syringe drawing a vacuum on the pressure bag until it is completely flat Maintain the vacuum on the bag sii Hii n d C Hold the syringe vertically with the bag down and slowly release fitting and mee the plunger allowing the vacuum to be released The bag should needle slowly fill with oil There is enough oil in the bag when the bag ih looks like a small pillow It is very important that there are no air 9B D bubbles in the pressure bag you may have to perform this step raw A vacuum on several times to ensure that there are no bubbles bag until flat 78 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration 10 After th
48. the Esc key before entering Stop to get the 26plus to stop if it is in the middle of sampling Verify that logging has stopped by clicking Status and checking that the last line of the DS response shows logging no 9 if ready for deployment A Type InitLogging and press the Enter key to make the entire memory available for recording If InitLogging is not sent data will be stored after the last recorded sample B To begin logging now Type Start and press the Enter key The 26plus should display logging will start in 10 seconds C To begin logging at a delayed start date and time Type SetStartTime press the Enter key and respond to the prompts to establish a delayed start date and time Type SetSampling and press the Enter key and answer yes to the use start time prompt to enable logging at the delayed start date and time Type Start and press the Enter key The 26plus should display logging will start at 10 if not ready for deployment Type QS and press the Enter key to command the 26plus to go to sleep quiescent state 30 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Command Descriptions This section describes commands and provides sample outputs See Appendix I Command Summary for a summarized command list General Command Notes Note Interrupting a wave burst and or tide measurement by pressing the Esc key or clicking Stop will affect the quality of your data For
49. to 600 meters 45 to 880 psia e SBE 4M conductivity sensor interfaced via bulkhead connector and clamped to SBE 53 housing SBE 4M comes equipped with expendable AF24173 Anti Foulant Devices e High accuracy external temperature sensor 0 002 C accuracy 0 0001 C resolution in place of standard internal thermistor 0 01 C accuracy 0 001 C resolution e Wet pluggable MCBH bulkhead connectors in place of standard connectors e Mounting fixture e RS 422 RS 485 full duplex interface in place of RS 232 interface e Lithium batteries six DD drop in batteries with buttons for longer deployments lithium batteries not supplied by Sea Bird Note that one lithium DD battery is shorter than two alkaline D batteries so a different battery cover plate is required if using the lithiums cover plate available from Sea Bird Future upgrades and enhancements to the SBE 26plus firmware can be easily installed in the field through a computer serial port and the Data I O bulkhead connector on the 26plus without the need to return the 26p us to Sea Bird The 26plus is supplied with a modular Windows 95 98 NT 2000 XP software package SEASOFT for Waves The software provides pre deployment planning communication with the 26plus for setup and uploading of data separation of the uploaded data into separate wave and tide files removal of barometric pressure from tide data statistical analysis and data plotting 10 Section 2 Descripti
50. to average out wave action The user programmable tide interval can be set from 1 minute to 12 hours The 26p us can continuously measure pressure if equipped with Quartz pressure sensor or can conserve battery power by measuring pressure for only a portion of the tide interval with the pressure sensor not drawing power for the remainder of the interval The tide integration duration is programmable from 10 seconds to the entire tide interval High accuracy temperature information is recorded with each tide measurement As an option an SBE 4M conductivity sensor can be integrated for recording conductivity data with each tide measurement Tide data is always recorded in memory in addition real time tide data can be output e Waves are characterized by burst sampling with the number of samples per burst burst interval and burst integration time programmed by the user Wave data is always recorded in memory in addition real time wave data and or real time wave statistics can be output The 26plus is self contained in a rugged non corroding plastic housing 600 meter depth rating After recovery and without opening the housing the recorded data is transferred to a computer via an RS 232C or optional RS 422 RS 485 full duplex data link for analysis plotting and permanent archiving The battery compartment contains twelve standard alkaline D cells Duracell MN 1300 LR20 and is sealed separately to minimize risk to the electronics
51. to reset all settings to match last saved version As a default psa file is P tup fil stored in same directory as OJAN SPURTO SeasoftWavesLaunch exe default is I data SBE 26 DATAM 0074 Processwave26 psa c Program Files Sea Bird SeasoftWaves SeasoftWaves ini Open Save Save As Restore located in Windows directory contains location and file name of last saved psa file and options settings for each module Input directory I data SBE26 DATA 1 0074 Directory and file name for wave wb data Select to pick different file File Setup Data Setup Select one Wave WB input file JARO 94 WB Output directory I data SB E26 DATA 1O074 Select Name append Output file JAR0794 Directory and file name for output data Name append is added to output file name before extension For example if processing Click Start Process to begin Not processing X wb with a Name append of Wave output processing data Status field l files are testWave was testWave rpt shows Processing complete testWave wts etc when done tart Process Exit Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want
52. valid results e Samples per burst gt 512 and e Samples per burst power of 2 for example 512 1024 etc Plan Deployment solves the wave dispersion relation to calculate and plot the pressure attenuation ratio Pressure attenuation ratio pressure amplitude measured by 26plus pressure amplitude at surface given water depth meters height of pressure sensor above bottom meters wave period seconds Pressure attenuation with depth is a strong function of the wave period short period waves are attenuated much faster with depth than longer period waves This implies that for a pressure sensor deployed at a fixed depth z there is a high frequency cut off fmax for which waves with f gt fmax are not measurable Above the high frequency cut off any noise in the subsurface pressure record is mapped by the transfer function into unrealistic surface wave height values The default high frequency cutoff fmax for processing wave data in Process Wave Burst Data is the frequency where the ratio of pressure measured by the 26plus to pressure at the surface is less than 0 0025 wave sample duration Frequencies greater than fmax are typically not processed by Process Wave Burst Data Plan Deployment also predicts these surface wave analysis parameters e number of frequency bands calculated e width of each frequency band Hz e frequency span Hz given water depth meters height of pressure sensor above bottom meters
53. wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing Wear protective gloves rubber or latex goggles or other eye protection and clothing to minimize contact Follow manufacturer s instructions for cleaning and maintaining PPE If no such instructions for washables use detergent and hot water Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry e Wash hands with soap and water before eating drinking chewing gum using tobacco or using the toilet ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes streams ponds estuaries oceans or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System NPDES permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority For guidance contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of EPA This material is toxic to fish Do not contaminate water when cleaning equipment or disposing of equipment washwaters PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL HAZARDS Do not use or store near heat or open flame Avoid contact with acids and oxidizers DIRECTIONS FOR USE It is a violation of Federal Law to use this product in a manner inconsistent with its labeling For use only in Sea Bird Electronics conductivity sensors Read installation instructions in the applicable Conductivity Instru
54. wave sample duration time between successive wave pressure measurements wave samples per burst multiple of 4 for example 4 8 16 etc number of spectral estimates for each frequency band The maximum frequency in the frequency span is the lesser of e 0 5 sample duration called the Nyquist frequency or e frequency fmax described above where ratio of pressure measured by 26plus to pressure at surface is less than 0 0025 sample duration Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics provides detailed discussion on band averaging 20 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Plan Deployment The dialog box looks like this io x Water Depth meters 10 Calculate Spectral Parameters Enter values and then click 3 Calculate Spectral Parameters to Instrument Height Above Bottom meters 1 calculate bands band width and Spectral Estimates per Band 10 Help frequency span and calculate and plot pressure attenuation Wave Sample Duration seconds 0 25 Exit Note that wave sample duration 02s and wave samples per burst are Wave Samples per Burst 1024 Cen into 26plus with 9 Bands Calculated etsampling Band Width Hz 0 0391 Cancel Frequency Span Hz 0 0215 0 3340 Pressure Attenuation p inst p surf VS Wave Period Pressure attenuation is wave pressure amplitude measured by instrument divided by wa
55. waves every 6 tide samples 4096 wave samples burst at 4 00 scans sec duration 1024 seconds logging start time do not use start time logging stop time do not use stop time tide samples day 24 00 wave bursts day 4 00 memory endurance 676 1 days nominal alkaline battery endurance 973 6 days deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries total recorded tide measurements 0 total recorded wave bursts 0 tide measurements since last start 0 wave bursts since last start 0 transmit real time tide data YES transmit real time wave burst data YES transmit real time wave statistics YES real time wave statistics settings number of wave samples per burst to use for wave statistics 512 do not use measured temperature and conductivity for density calculation average water temperature above the pressure sensor deg C 15 0 average salinity above the pressure sensor PSU 35 0 height of pressure sensor from bottom meters 0 0 number of spectral estimates for each frequency band 5 minimum allowable attenuation 0 0025 minimum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 0 0e 00 maximum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 1 0e 06 hanning window cutoff 0 10 do not show progress messages status stopped by user logging NO send start command to begin logging 40 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note Do not
56. with variable IV Label axis with variable name name as listed in drop down Variable list or enter a Custom ustom label l label for axis Select desired line type color and symbol Selection Line type Thin Solid 7 of color or monochrome plot and inclusion of 1 symbols in plot is made on Line Color E Line symbol y p Auto range Plot Data selects Plot Setup tab and applies to all axes axis Minimum and Maximum IV Auto range Minimum 5 9900 values number of Major divisions on axis and number Maximum 49 9909 of Minor divisions between Major divisions Z Auto divisions Major 4 Auto divisions Plot Data F selects number of major Minor it divisions on axis and number of minor divisions between major divisions User selects axis Minimum and Maximum values Any values that fall outside Start Process Ee Cancel user selected Minimum to Maximum range plot at minimum or maximum as applicable Solid Upward Triangle Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e f Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit 72 Sectio
57. x N Do not TxWave x x Y Transmit real time wave data Note See SetSampling to transmit real time wave Statistics x N Do not QS Enter quiescent sleep state Main power turned off memory retention unaffected Wave and Tide Setup SetSampling or SetSample Set tide and wave sampling parameters e Tide interval 1 720 minutes e Tide duration 10 43 200 seconds e Number of tide measurements between wave bursts 1 10 000 e Wave samples burst multiple of 4 4 60 000 Set to power of 2 and minimum of 512 for meaningful wave statistics Wave sample duration 0 25 0 5 0 75 or 1 second e Atreceipt of Start start logging at SetStartTime or immediately e Stop logging at SetStopTime or wait for user to send Stop e Calculate and output real time wave statistics If yes 26plus prompts for real time wave statistics parameters Initialize Logging Reset Memory InitLogging After all data uploaded send this before starting to sample to make entire memory available for recording If not sent data stored after last sample TideCount x x tide sample number for first tide measurement when sampling begins Use to recover data if you accidentally initialize logging before ASCII uploading ByteCount x x byte number for first byte when sampling begins Use to recover data if you accidentally initialize logging before binary uploading Loggi
58. 0005 0 0005 Assumptions For the linear theory to be valid a major requirement is that the wave height H be small compared with both the wavelength L and the water depth h These conditions are usually expressed as H L lt lt 1 wave steepness HL h lt 1 Ursell parameter Another measure of the effect of wave steepness on the validity of the small amplitude theory based on laboratory measurements is shown below For the theory to be valid you must be below the curve indicated For example if the wave period of interest T is 10 sec and the water depth h is 100 meters the parameter h gT 0 1 This means that H gT must be less than 0 001 for the theory to be valid which translates into a maximum wave height of 1 meter 0 001 0 002 0 005 0 01 0 02 0 05 0 1 0 2 h gT Range of Validity of Linear Wave Theory Theory Valid for Values Below Curve A final rule of thumb is that estimates of surface wave heights should be accurate within 5 provided z L lt 0 3 to 0 5 where z is the depth of the instrument below the surface and L is the wavelength of the observed waves 125 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Subsurface Pressure Due to Surface Gravity Waves As a surface wave passes over a subsurface position the elevation and depression of the sea surface causes a differential subsurface pressure disturbance This pressure disturbance decays with depth according to the relation p WwA t K z
59. 02 292470e 002 2 224974e 002 4 823480e 002 086449e 001 7 481066e 002 8 684431le 002 1 948858e 002 2 912741le 002 3 741619e 002 2 336472e 002 2 254591e 002 218159e 002 780615e 002 4 395502e 003 9 833613e 003 3 936535e 003 5 881464e 003 4 571996e 003 5 443738e 003 4 163474e 003 3 601095e 003 3 585647e 003 5 531514e 003 835893e 003 114426e 003 3 934834e 003 2 174772e 003 469032e 003 335585e 003 9 147523e 004 6 760068e 004 8 808380e 004 5 716856e 004 7 181183e 004 6 005655e 004 4 775679e 004 299268e 003 3 855911e 004 4 464863e 004 4 614029e 004 6 163178e 004 8 327592e 004 1 575676e 003 628755e 003 4 645250e 003 First line flags the beginning of the data for a wave burst Line contains in order VVVVVVVVVVV Wave burst number Start of wave burst seconds since January 1 2000 Wave integration time seconds Number of points in the wave burst Number of spectral estimates for each frequency band Water depth meters Pressure sensor depth meters Density kg m Chi squared confidence interval percent Multiplier for Chi squared lower bound Multiplier for Chi squared upper bound Second line contains in order Number of frequency bands calculated Frequency of first frequency band Hz Interval between frequency bands delta f Hz VVVVVVV Total variance meters Total energy Joules meters Significant period seconds frequency band with greatest variance Significant w
60. 1 12 30 00 3 3 2 2 12 30 02 2 12 45 00 4 4 3 3 12 45 02 3 2 2 12 49 18 2 12 49 49 2 13 00 00 5 5 4 4 91 Appendix Il Sample Timin e If tide duration lt tide interval 20 seconds and wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation lt tide interval tide duration 20 seconds Wave burst sampling is done after the applicable tide measurement For example if the 26plus is set up to sample a wave burst every 2 tide measurements the first wave burst starts 2 seconds after the second tide measurement is complete See Quartz Example 2 Tide interval Tide interval Tide duration 2sec T amp C measurement Tide duration 2 sec T amp C measurement gt 18sec Wave Real time duration ne wave samples burst Statistics calculation ave sample duration N et p if selected Quartz Example 2 Tide interval 15 minutes 900 sec tide duration 5 minutes 300 sec 512 samples wave burst at 0 25 sec sample 512 x 0 25 128 sec every 2 tide measurements Calculate real time wave statistics on 512 samples wave burst 512 x 0 06 sec calculation 30 7 sec required at end of wave burst Set SetStartTime to 12 00 00 Checking setup tide duration 300 sec lt tide interval 20 sec 900 20 880 sec wave burst duration real time wave stat
61. 1 bulkhead connector very slowly at least 1 turn This opens an o ring seal under the connector Look for signs of internal pressure hissing or water leak If internal pressure is detected let it bleed off slowly past the connector o ring Then you can safely remove the end cap 52 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Uploading Data from Memory The SBE 26plus can upload data in ASCII at baud rates up to 38 400 or in binary at baud rates up to 115 200 Binary upload at 115 200 is approximately six times faster than ASCII upload at 38 400 because each byte is one character in binary but two characters in ASCII Binary upload of the full memory 32 MB at 115 200 baud requires approximately 3 5 hours If binary upload is selected SeatermW uploads the data in binary and then converts the data to ASCII resulting in a hex data file that is identical to one uploaded in ASCII 1 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select SeatermW SeatermW appears 2 Click Configure The Configuration dialog box appears Verify modify the instrument Comm port and baud rate and whether to upload in binary if binary upload is selected or in ASCII Click OK Select to enable binary upload If enabled allows selection of upload rate up to 115 200 baud SeatermW Configuration Select 26plus SBE 26 Binary upload SBE 26plus SBE 53BPR Baud rate for general Computer
62. 1000 10 30971 1000 10 20 971 C The last 4 bytes are 091B5D37 hex 152788279 decimal Time 152788279 seconds since January 1 2000 November 3 2004 09 11 19 Example 2 conductivity enabled from sample file above tide record 3F9A816E50000000091CAFE7 hex The first 3 bytes are 3F9A81 hex 4168321 decimal For this example M 279620 2 and B 18641 3 in DC response in hex file Assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 in ini file pressure slope correction pressure number B M offset correction pressure 1 0 4168321 18641 3 279620 2 0 14 8404 psia The next 2 bytes are 6E50 hex 28240 decimal temperature temperature number 1000 10 28240 1000 10 18 24 C The next 3 bytes are 000000 hex 0 decimal conductivity frequency Hz conductivity number 256 conductivity frequency Hz 0 256 0 Hz The last 4 bytes are 091CAFE7 hex 152874983 decimal Time 152874983 seconds since January 1 2000 November 4 2004 09 16 23 108 Appendix Ill Data Formats Wave Burst Data with Strain Gauge Pressure Data lines from beginning to end of wave burst is described below 26plus without Conductivity 26plus with Conductivity ave all wave pressure data is 6 bytes 12 Hex characters all wave pressure data is 6 bytes 12 Hex characters Burst x Line all flags and other wave data is 9 bytes all fl
63. 113 wave auto spectrum statistics 112 wave data 111 wave Statistics 115 wave time series statistics 114 G Glossary 86 Installation 17 51 L Limited liability statement 2 M Maintenance 75 Measuring tides only 49 Measuring waves only 49 Memory 11 Memory endurance 22 P Parity 15 Parts replacement 137 Photos 8 Plan Deployment 20 Plot Data 68 Power 14 external 14 Power consumption 11 Power endurance 22 Pressure attenuation 20 Pressure sensor maintenance 77 Process Wave Burst Data 60 Programming for deployment 26 Q Quick start 7 R Real time setup baud rate 16 cable length 16 Recovery 52 References 136 Replacement parts 137 S Sample timing 90 Sea Bird 6 SEASOFT for Waves 18 Create Reports 64 file extensions 19 file formats 19 installation 17 Plan Deployment 20 Plot Data 68 Process Wave Burst Data 60 SeatermW 26 statistics 122 theory 122 updates 17 SeatermW 26 Sensors 11 Separating wave and tide data 55 Setting time 50 Setting up SBE 26plus 26 Software statistics 122 theory 122 Software use 18 Specifications 11 Statistics 122 Storage 80 Synchronizing time 50 Index 140 T Testing SBE 26plus 26 Theory 122 Tide data 55 Tides only 49 Time 50 Timing 90 Triton 86 Troubleshooting 84 U Unpacking 8 Updates 17
64. 2 2 1 1 12 27 48 1 12 28 19 1 12 30 00 3 3 2 2 12 30 02 2 12 32 00 3 3 12 32 02 3 12 45 00 4 4 2 2 12 47 48 2 12 48 19 2 13 00 00 5 5 4 4 13 00 02 4 Note for Quartz Example 3 Note the large variation in T amp C timing and in the length of the tide pressure measurement using this scheme 93 Appendix Il Sample Timin Sample Timing with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor e If tide duration gt tide interval 10 seconds tide duration is set to tide interval 10 26plus goes to sleep between tide samples Tide interval Tide interval Tide duration Tide duration 2 sec 2 sec T amp C T amp C measurement measurement e Jf Sea Bird recommends the following for wave burst duration t real time wave statistics calculation gt tide interval 10 sec meaningful wave statistics the 26plus increases the tide interval so that e Wave samples burst gt 512 and wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation tide interval 10 sec e Wave samples burst power of 2 Note that real time wave statistics can be calculated on a subset of the total 512 1024 etc number of wave samples burst the real time statistics calculation requires 0 06 sec wave sample to be processed Note
65. 26plus to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Instruments below to set multiple instruments to start logging at the same time Logging Commands To start logging send Start e If Use start time in SetSampling prompt is No logging starts approximately 10 seconds after receipt of Start e If Use start time in SetSampling prompt is Yes logging starts at the delayed time set with SetStartTime The first time logging starts after receipt of initialize logging InitLogging data recording starts at the beginning of memory and any previously recorded data is written over To stop logging e Send Stop or e Before starting logging set a delayed stop time with SetStopTime and set Use stop time in SetSampling prompt to Yes Each time the 26plus is commanded to start logging again recording continues with new data stored after previously recorded data Start If Use start time in SetSampling prompt is No Start logging now in approximately 10 seconds OR If Use start time in SetSampling prompt is Yes Wait to start logging at time set with SetStartTime Stop Stop logging SetStartTime Set date and time to start logging 26plus prompts you to enter desired date and time Upon receipt of Start 26plus waits to starts logging at this date and time if Use start time in SetSampling prompt is Yes SetStopTime Set date and time to stop logging 26plus prompts you to enter desired date and time 26plus stops log
66. 3 Anti Foulant Device Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device AF24173 Anti Foulant Devices supplied for user replacement are supplied in polyethylene bags displaying the following label AF24173 ANTI FOULANT DEVICE FOR USE ONLY IN SEA BIRD ELECTRONICS CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS TO CONTROL THE GROWTH OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS WITHIN ELECTRONIC CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS ACTIVE INGREDIENT Bis tributyltin oxide OTHER INGREDIENTS piee eoe K eee ee ee ee en eenees DANGER See the complete label within the Conductivity Instrument Manual for Additional Precautionary Statements and Information on the Handling Storage and Disposal of this Product Net Contents Two anti foulant devices Sea Bird Electronics Inc EPA Registration No 74489 1 1808 136 Place Northeast EPA Establishment No 74489 WA 1 Bellevue WA 98005 118 Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device AF24173 Anti Foulant Device FOR USE ONLY IN SEA BIRD ELECTRONICS CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS TO CONTROL THE GROWTH OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS WITHIN ELECTRONIC CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS ACTIVE INGREDIENT Bis tributyltin Oxide eeee ce eeee cence ene eee enen ene ern 53 0 OTHER INGREDIENTS 00 0 ce cee eee eee cece ecaeees 47 0 AKE T PESA ot feat ene tesa ela at ot Matsa eet Jt 100 0 DANGER See Precautionary Statements for additional information FIRST AID If on skin or Take off contaminated clothing clothing Rinse skin immediately with plenty of water for15
67. 4 80 new value 4096 wave Sample duration 0 25 0 50 0 75 1 0 seconds 0 25 new value 0 25 use start time y n y new value n use stop time y n n new value n TXWAVESTATS real time wave statistics y n n new value y the remaining prompts apply to real time wave statistics show progress messages y n n new value n number of wave samples per burst to use for wave statistics 512 new value 512 use measured temperature and conductivity for density calculation y n y new value n average water temperature above the pressure sensor deg C 15 0 new value 15 0 average salinity above the pressure sensor PSU 35 0 new value 35 0 height of pressure sensor from bottom meters 0 0 new value 0 0 number of spectral estimates for each frequency band 5 new value minimum allowable attenuation 0 0025 new value 0 0025 minimum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 0 00e 00 new value maximum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 1 00e 06 new value hanning window cutoff 0 10 new value 0 10 6 0 00e 00 1 00e 06 S gt DS SBE 26plus V 6 1c SN 12345 10 Dec 2006 13 21 13 user info test setup quartz pressure sensor serial number 90319 range 1000 psia internal temperature sensor conductivity YES iop 6 0 ma vmain 15 3 V vlith 9 3 V last sample p 21 9520 t 21 0250 s 34 3799 tide measurement interval 60 000 minutes duration 120 seconds measure
68. 6 3 0774919168 21 073 X P PTCAO PTCAI T PTCA2 T 204715 375 3 446204e 02 4 617518e 01 21 073 1 236197e 01 21 073 3 205398 704 N X PTCBO PTCBO PTCB1 T PTCB2 T 205398 704 2 488438e 01 2 488438e 01 2 275000e 03 21 073 0 21 073 2 205003 753 pressure slope correction PAO PAI N PA2 N POffset offset correction For this example assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 pressure 7 912454e 02 7 317688 e 05 205003 753 1 012808e 12 205003 753 14 880 psia 110 Appendix Ill Data Formats Tide Data Format tid extension A tid file is created from the hex file in Convert Hex A sample tide data tid file is shown below 1 11 13 92 10 27 16 14 8125 22 102 3 55682 23 909 2 11 13 92 10 28 16 15 0086 14 818 3 48032 27 844 3 11 13 92 10 29 16 15 0836 11 242 3 07901 26 714 4 11 13 92 10 30 16 15 1536 8 951 3 07101 28 376 5 11 13 92 10 31 16 15 2267 7 225 3 06788 29 772 e Column 1 Tide measurement number Note e Columns 2 and 3 Date and time of beginning of tide measurement If conductivity logging is not e Column 4 Measured pressure in psia enabled Conductivity N status e Column 5 Measured water temperature in C display shows conductivity e Column 6 Measured conductivity in S m No the sixth and seventh e Column 7 Calculated salinity in PSU columns are not included in the
69. 66e 05 W 1 0 TO TO PF PF 1 0 2 7817266 e 05 2 7817266e 05 34766 843 34766 843 6 468177e 02 pressure slope correction C W 1 0 D W POffset offset correction For this example assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 pressure 2 304782e 02 6 468177e 02 1 0 4 095400e 02 6 468177e 02 14 868 psia 104 Appendix Ill Data Formats Hex Data Format with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor hex extension A hex file contains hexadecimal data uploaded from SBE 26plus memory using SeatermW s Upload The beginning of a sample hex file for a 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure sensor and without conductivity follows Sea Bird SBE 26plus Data File FileName C sbe26plus StrainGaugeNoCond hex Software Version 1 07 DS SBE 26plus V 6 1c SN 1034 10 Dec 2006 12 10 53 user info test file strain gauge pressure sensor serial number 5471 range 45 psia internal temperature sensor conductivity NO iop 7 8 ma vmain 18 4 V vlith 9 1 V xlast sample p 14 9320 t 21 5951 xtide measurement interval 5 000 minutes duration 120 seconds measure waves every 3 tide samples 512 wave samples burst at 4 00 scans sec duration 128 seconds logging start time do not use start time logging stop time do not use stop time tide samples day 288 000 xwave bursts day 96 000 memory endurance 218 6 days nominal
70. 887CED6 wave burst pressure data antes wave burst pressure data 87CEE087CEEA wave burst pressure data FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF flag end of wave burst pressure temperature compensation amp number of samples 029B83E80000000000 hex Pressure temperature compensation number 029B83E8 hex 43746280 decimal Pressure number for first wave burst pressure data first 3 bytes 87CED8 hex 8900312 decimal Pressure temperature compensation frequency PTCF pressure temperature compensation number 256 43746280 256 170883 90 Hz Pressure frequency PF pressure number 256 8900312 256 34766 843 Hz Using calibration coefficients from uploaded hex file U0 5 856409e 00 Y 1 3 987838e 03 Y2 1 049603e 04 Y3 0 000000e 00 C1 2 305367e 02 C2 1 198422e 01 C3 2 401512e 02 D1 4 095400e 02 D2 0 000000e 00 T1 2 781994e 01 T2 6 760780e 01 T3 1 761829e 01 T4 6 000932e 00 POffset 0 U 1 0 PTCF 1 000 000 UO 1 0 170883 90 1 000 000 5 856409e 00 0 004482634 C C1 C2 U C3 U 2 305367e 02 1 198422e 01 U 2 401512e 02 U 2 305367e 02 0 05372087 0 004825600 2 304782e 02 D D1 D2 4 095400e 02 0 4 095400e 02 TO T1 T2 U T3 U T4 U 1 000 000 2 781994e 01 6 760780e 01 U 1 761829e 01 U 6 000932e 00 U 1000000 2 781994e 01 3 030610e 03 3 540221e 04 5 405284e 07 1 000 000 2 78172
71. Assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 in the ini file pressure slope correction pressure number B M offset correction pressure 1 0 4191273 18641 3 279620 2 0 14 9225 psia The next 2 bytes are 73A0 hex 29600 decimal temperature temperature number 1000 10 29600 1000 10 19 6 C The next 3 bytes are 000000 hex 0 decimal conductivity frequency Hz conductivity number 256 conductivity frequency Hz 0 256 0 Hz The last 4 bytes are 091B5BA7 hex 152787879 decimal Time 152787879 seconds since Jan 1 2000 November 3 2004 09 04 39 102 Appendix Ill Data Formats Wave Burst Data with Quartz Pressure Data lines from beginning to end of wave burst is described below 26plus without Conductivity 26plus with Conductivity hel all wave pressure data is 6 bytes 12 Hex characters all wave pressure data is 6 bytes 12 Hex characters Line all flags and other wave data is 9 bytes all flags and other wave data is 12 bytes 18 Hex characters 24 Hex characters 1 000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wave burst SOHO O OOO OTONO POTONE ag Desinnm aot wave burst 091CB3220200000000 First 4 bytes 091cB322 is start 09185 790200000000000000 First 4 bytes 091B5E79 2 time seconds since January 1 2000 of wave burst is start time seconds since January 1 2000 of wave Next byte 02 is MSB of number of s
72. BE 26plus uses 12 alkaline D cells Duracell MN1300 LR20 or 6 lithium DD cells Electrochem BCX85 3B76 TC dropped into the Alkaline D cell battery compartment Leave the batteries in place when storing the 26plus to prevent depletion of the back up lithium batteries by the real time clock Even exhausted main batteries power the clock less than 25 microamperes almost indefinitely If the 26plus is to be stored for long periods replace the batteries yearly to prevent battery leakage which could damage the 26plus 1 Unthread cap by rotating counter clockwise 2 3 4 screws and washers Note Alkaline and lithium batteries require different cover plates because 1 lithium DD cell is shorter than 2 alkaline D cells Remove the battery end cap end cap without connectors A Wipe the outside of the end cap and housing dry being careful to remove any water at the seam between them B Remove the end cap by rotating counter clockwise use a wrench on the white plastic bar if necessary C Remove any water from the O ring mating surfaces inside the housing with a lint free cloth or tissue D Put the end cap aside being careful to protect the O ring from damage or contamination Remove the battery cover plate from the housing A Remove the three Phillips head screws and washers from the battery cover plate inside the housing B The battery cover plate will pop out Put it aside Turn the 26plus over and remove
73. Conductivity prompts the user for verification before executing to prevent accidental overwriting of existing data The 26plus does not respond at all while making a wave burst measurement If you need to establish communications during a wave burst press the Esc key or click Stop to interrupt the wave burst this interrupts the current wave burst but does not stop logging The 26plus will fill out the remaining data in the interrupted wave burst with 0 s 26plus with Quartz Pressure Sensor The 26plus responds only to DS DC QS SL SLO and Stop while making a tide measurement If you wake up the 26plus while it is logging for example to send DS to check on logging progress it does not interrupt logging 26plus with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor The 26plus does not respond at all while making a tide measurement If you need to establish communications during a tide measurement press the Esc key or click Stop to interrupt the tide measurement this interrupts the current tide measurement but does not stop logging If you are communicating requesting data for example sending DS QS SL or SLO from the 26plus when it should be starting the next tide measurement it delays the start of the next tide measurement If feasible depending on the value of tide duration and tide interval the 26plus makes the following tide interval shorter to return the time series to the expected timing For example if the tide interval is 1 minute tid
74. F T3 PT4 F F T4 POffset F F pressure offset psia Strain Gauge Pressure PCalDate S S calibration date PA0 F F A0 PA1 F F A1 PA2 F F A2 PTCA0 F F PTCAO PTCA1 F F PTCA1 PTCA2 F F PTCA2 PTCBO F F PTCBO PTCB1 F F PTCBI PTCB2 F F PTCB2 PTempA0 F F PTempA0 PTempA1 F F PTempAl PTempA2 F F PTempA2 POffset F F pressure offset psia Temperature TCalDate S S calibration date TAO F F A0 TA1 F F A1 TA2 F F A2 TA3 F F A3 Conductivity CCalDate S S calibration date CG F F G CH F F H CI F F I CJ F F J CTCor F F TCor CPCor F F PCor CSlope F F Slope correction 48 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Using SBE 26plus as a Tide Recorder Note It is not possible to completely eliminate wave measurements in the 26plus If you are not interested in wave data the SBE 26plus can be set up to minimize the number of wave measurements Respond to the prompts in the SetSampling command as follows e measure wave burst after every N tide samples Set to 10 000 which is the largest allowable number e number of wave samples per burst multiple of 4 Set to 4 which is the smallest allowable number e TXWAVESTATS real time wave statistics y n Set to N which disables calculation of real time wave statistics e Remaining parameters Set as desired With this sampling scheme the 26plus will do a wave burst consisting of 4 measurements after every 10 000 t
75. M DD YY HH MM SS P where MM month DD day YY year HH hour MM minute SS second P barometric pressure in psia or millibars 1 standard atmosphere 14 7 psia or 1013 5 millibars Example bp File 07 01 94 00 00 00 1015 5 07 01 94 01 00 00 1016 4 07 01 94 02 00 00 1017 3 Merge Barometric Pressure Algorithm The linear interpolation algorithm is Pop pO t t0 p1 pO t1 t0 corrected pressure p Pop where t time of tide sample in tid file p pressure in tid file at time t t0 latest time in bp file that is less than or equal to t p0 barometric pressure at time t0 tl earliest time in bp file that is greater than or equal to t pl barometric pressure at time t1 Pop interpolated barometric pressure Depth is calculated as depth corrected pressure average density gravity See Appendix VII Pressure to Depth Conversion 59 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Notes e See Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics for details on the calculations made by SEASOFT for Waves The 26plus can also be programmed to output real time wave statistics See Command Descriptions in Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW SEASOFT for Waves includes two wave data processing modules which are covered in this sec
76. Nyquist the relationship between the single pressure wave variance 1 and 17 is aj 2 2 varj 19 129 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Once the Fourier transform has been obtained the Fourier coefficients for the frequencies greater than fmax and less than fmin are typically set to 0 0 fmax minimum of frequency where subsurface surface pressure 0 0025 t 20 or 1 user input minimum period 21 fmin 1 user input maximum period 22 Maximum frequency limits prevent noise in the subsurface time series from being mapped by the dispersion transfer function into unrealistic wave heights If the user selected Use filter cutoff a filter is applied that ramps the Fourier coefficients down to 0 for frequencies greater than fmax and less than fmin e For frequencies less than fmin fourier coefficient f exp f fmin fc e For frequencies greater than fmax fourier coefficient f exp fmax f fc where f frequency fc user input filter value A copy of the Fourier transform is saved it will be used to recover the surface wave time series Band Averaging Each raw spectral estimate contains two degrees of freedom Band averaging can be used to increase the number of degrees of freedom and reduce the error of the estimate The number of degrees of freedom n 4 associated with grouping n spectral estimates in a frequency band of width df is twice the number of frequencies i
77. OSSATLY EE EA A T A A Appendix I Command Summary sesessesosoesesesecoesosoesesecoroesesecocoesosoesesesoeoeseee S 7 Appendix II Sample Timing sessesesessscesosoesesesecoesosoesesecocoesosoesesecoesesosoeseeeeee IO General Sample Timing Notes Sample Timing with Quartz Pressure Sensor Sample Timing with Strain Gauge Pressure SeMsot eceeecceseeeeeteeeeeeeeeees 94 Appendix III Data Formats sessesesesecoesosoesesesocoesosoesesecoeoososoesesecosoesesecoeoeseee 97 Real Time Data Format cap extension seeesesssseeeessrsessesersreseesersreeessesees 97 Hex Data Format with Quartz Pressure Sensor hex extension 0 006 99 Setup Parameters and Tide Data with Quartz Pressure eeeeee 101 Wave Burst Data with Quartz Pressure c ccccccessceeeceseceeseeeeseeeeseeees 103 Hex Data Format with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor hex extension 105 Setup Parameters and Tide Data with Strain Gauge Pressure 107 Wave Burst Data with Strain Gauge Pressure ceccesceeseeteeeeeeeees 109 Tide Data Format tid extension cccsceeseeesceeeceseceseeeeceseeeaeentecseeeaeeeneeees 111 Wave Burst Data Format Wb extension cecccesceseeeeceeeeseceseeseeeseeeseeees 111 Wave Burst Auto Spectrum Statistics was extension c ccsceeseereeeees 112 Wave Burst Auto Spectrum Report rpt extension eceeeesseeseeeeeeeeees 113 Surface Wa
78. P site See our website www seabird com for the latest software version number a description of the software changes and instructions for downloading the software from the FTP site Sea Bird also has a DOS program SEASOFT for Waves DOS However the DOS program is not compatible with the 26plus This section describes the installation and use of SEASOFT for Waves The SBE 26plus is supplied with a modular Windows 95 98 NT 2000 XP software package SEASOFT for Waves The software provides pre deployment planning communication with the 26plus for setup and uploading of data from the 26plus separation of the uploaded data into separate wave and tide files removal of barometric pressure from tide data statistical analysis and data plotting The 26plus is supplied with one additional program Extract Tide Extract Tide splits uploaded data from multiple logging sessions into separate files before converting and processing the data ExtractTide exe is a separate program but is installed in the same directory as SEASOFT for Waves see Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex for details Software Installation Note Help files provide detailed information on SEASOFT for Waves Recommended minimum system requirements for software Pentium 90 CPU 64 Mbyte RAM Windows 98 or later SEASOFT for Waves If not already installed install SEASOFT for Waves on your computer usi
79. Real time wave statistics 0 2 Watts 0 06 sec sample real time statistics samples burst Example 26plus with quartz pressure sensor conductivity sensor and standard alkaline batteries Measure tides every 60 minutes 24 measurements day with measurement duration of 120 seconds Measure waves after every 6 tide samples 24 6 4 wave bursts day Take 4096 wave measurements per burst at 0 25 second integration time per measurement Do not output real time wave statistics Note This is same sampling scheme as shown in Battery and Memory Endurance dialog box above Tide sample 26plus is sleeping between samples because tide duration lt tide interval 20 seconds 120 lt 3600 20 Pressure integration 0 01 Watt 120 sec 10 sec 1 3 Joules measurement Turn on 0 30 Joules measurement Tide sample including temperature 0 30 Joules measurement Conductivity sample 0 4 Joules measurement Quiescent between samples 0 0005 Watt 3600 sec 120 sec 10 sec 2 sec 1 74 Joules measurement Note This provides a small over estimate of quiescent power because quiescent time is reduced during each tide interval that includes a wave burst Tide power measurement 1 3 0 3 0 3 0 4 1 74 4 04 Joules measurement Total tide power day 4 04 Joules measurement 24 measurements day 97 0 Joules day Wave sample Wave burst duration 0 25 seconds 4096 measurements 1024 seconds burst W
80. SBE 26plus SEAGAUGE Wave and Tide Recorder Shown in optional mounting fixture User s Manual Sea Bird Electronics Inc 1808 136 Place NE Bellevue Washington 98005 USA Telephone 425 643 9866 Manual Version 010 12 21 07 Fax 425 643 9954 Quartz Firmware Version 6 1c and later E mail seabird seabird com Strain Gauge Firmware Version 6 1c and later Website www seabird com SEASOFT for Waves Version 1 14 and later Limited Liability Statement Extreme care should be exercised when using or servicing this equipment It should be used or serviced only by personnel with knowledge of and training in the use and maintenance of oceanographic electronic equipment SEA BIRD ELECTRONICS INC disclaims all product liability risks arising from the use or servicing of this system SEA BIRD ELECTRONICS INC has no way of controlling the use of this equipment or of choosing the personnel to operate it and therefore cannot take steps to comply with laws pertaining to product liability including laws which impose a duty to warn the user of any dangers involved in operating this equipment Therefore acceptance of this system by the customer shall be conclusively deemed to include a covenant by the customer to defend indemnify and hold SEA BIRD ELECTRONICS INC harmless from all product liability claims arising from the use or servicing of this system Table of Contents Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction cscsscss
81. Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data Plot Data displays and plots data from files with a tid wb was wts or wt file extension Plot Data e Plots up to five variables on one plot with one X axis and up to four Y axes e Zooms in on plot features e Sends plots to a printer saves plots to the clipboard for insertion in another program such as Microsoft Word or saves plots as graphic files in bitmap metafile or JPEG format In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Plot Data Each tab of the dialog box is described below as well as options for viewing printing and saving plots File Setup Tab File to store alll information input in The File Setup tab defines the Program Setup file input data file s and output File Plot and Axis tabs Open to plot file name The File Setup tab looks like this select a different psa file Save or Save As to save current settings x or Restore to reset all settings File Options Help to match last saved version As a default psa file is stored File Setup Plot Setup X Axis Y Axis 1 Y Axis 2 in same directory as SeasoftWavesLaunch exe Program setup file default is c Program Files Sea Bird SeasoftWaves C Documents and Settings dbresko My Documents PlotDatatest psa SeasoftWaves ini located in Windows directory contains On sme _Saveds __ Restore location and file name of last saved psa file and options settings for each module Input d
82. V e Second line contains in order Total variance of time series meters Total energy of time series Joules meters Average wave height meters Average wave period seconds VVVV e Third line contains in order gt Maximum wave height meters gt Significant wave height meters average height of largest 1 3 waves gt Significant period seconds average period of largest 1 3 waves gt Hino meters average height of largest 1 10 waves If less than 10 waves H 19 is set to 0 gt Hinoo meters average height of largest 1 100 waves If less than 100 waves H 99 is set to 0 114 Appendix Ill Data Formats Surface Wave Time Series wt extension A wt file is created from the wb file in Process Wave Burst Data if Output surface wave time series to wt file is selected Part of a sample surface wave time series file is shown below SBE 26plus oY 39714178 1 00 32 0 1783 aG 2180 0 1793 0072L 0 0615 0 1677 0 2036 0 1582 0 0521 0 0754 0 1829 0 2384 e First line flags the beginning of the data for a wave burst Line contains in order Wave burst number Start of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 Wave integration period seconds Number of points in wave burst VVVV e Second and following lines until the next line with Measured wave amplitudes in meters with four values per line Wave Burst Statistics Report r26 extension A 126 file is crea
83. W Wave data 55 Waves only 49
84. Waves is logging sessions run Extract Tide to separate each session into a separate installed in the same directory as file before converting the data with Convert Hex If you try to run Convert SE ASOFT for Waves Hex on a file containing data from multiple sessions Convert Hex provides an error message directing you to run Extract Tide If you are not certain if the 26plus memory holds data from multiple sessions send DS and review the response If the total number of tide measurements in memory does not equal the number of tide measurements since the last start the memory holds data from multiple sessions Example 26plus memory holds data from multiple logging sessions Status response shows 5 tide measurements since last logging start but 10 total tide measurements in memory S gt DS SBE 26plus V 6 la SN 12345 26 Jan 2006 13 21 13 total recorded tide measurements 10 total recorded wave bursts 2 sinc these are not equal memory holds data from multiple logging sessions tide measurements since last start 5 wave bursts since last start 1 1 Double click on ExtractTide exe The dialog box looks like this memory Click Select HEX file to search for file or type in Select HEX file Waiting to Extract Extract Tide Records Status bar path and file name C Documents and SettingsWan1 2 hex 2 Click Extract Tide Records to process the data when completed the Status bar shows Finished x fi
85. able length is supplying enough power at the power source so that sufficient voltage is available after IR loss in the cable to power the SBE 26plus externally Power required for the conductivity measurement is 0 3 Watt for 26plus with Quartz pressure or 0 33 Watt for 26p us with Strain Gauge pressure conservatively use 0 33 Watts for both If not integrating a conductivity sensor with the 26plus the next highest power draw is 0 225 Watts for 26plus with Quartz pressure or 0 2 Watts for 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure conservatively use 0 225 Watts for both Use 12 V minimum input voltage to calculate I V Watts With conductivity I 0 33 Watts 12V 0 028 Amps Without conductivity I 0 225 Watts 12V 0 019 Amps Example 1 For 20 gauge wire what is maximum distance to transmit power to 26p us with an integrated conductivity sensor from a 12 VDC power supply The 26plus external power specification is 12 20 VDC The battery cut off point at which 26plus stops taking measurements is 10 4 V Therefore a 1 6 V IR drop 12 V 10 4 V would still provide enough power to the 26plus V IR_ 1 4V 0 028 Amps 0 0107 ohms foot cable length Maximum cable length 4670 ft 1420 meters Note that 1420 meters lt 1675 meters maximum distance if 26plus is transmitting real time data so IR drop in power is controlling factor for this example Using a higher voltage power supply or a different wire gauge would increas
86. ace Northeast Bellevue Washington 98005 USA Telephone 425 643 9866 Fax 425 643 9954 E mail seabird seabird com Website http www seabird com Business hours Monday Friday 0800 to 1700 Pacific Standard Time 1600 to 0100 Universal Time Except from April to October when we are on summer time 1500 to 0000 Universal Time Quick Start Section 1 Introduction Follow these steps to get a Quick Start using the SBE 26plus The manual provides step by step details for performing each task Deployment 1 Run Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance to determine sampling parameters Section 4 2 Install new batteries 3 Connect 26plus to computer and run SeatermW Section 5 A Ensure all data has been uploaded and then send InitLogging to make entire memory available for recording if desired B Set date and time SetTime and wave and tide sampling parameters SetSampling enable conductivity if SBE 4M conductivity sensor is installed Conductivity Y enable external thermistor if optional external thermistor installed ExternalTemperature Y C Check status DS and calibration coefficients DC D Start logging Start Recovery and Data Processing 1 Connect 26plus to computer and run SeatermW Stop logging Stop and upload data from 26plus memory Section 5 If the uploaded data is from multiple logging sessions run Extract Tide to create a separate file for each logging session Section 6
87. ags and other wave data is 12 bytes 18 Hex characters 24 Hex characters 1 000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wave burst SCOOP ONUNO ERO NURD DIONE SE ag Des inner wave burst 091B60080200000000 First 4 bytes 09186008 is start o91cB2BA0200000000000000 First 4 bytes 091cB2Ba 2 time seconds since January 1 2000 of wave burst is start time seconds since January 1 2000 of wave Next byte 02 is MSB of number of samples in burst Next byte 02 is MSB of number of samples in wave burst Remaining bytes are 0 s wave burst Remaining bytes are 0 s 000005000000000000 First 4 bytes 00000500 is 000004Dc0000000000000000 First 4 bytes 000004pDc pressure temperature compensation number Next byte lis pressure temperature compensation number Next 3 00 is LSB of number of samples in wave burst for byte 00 is LSB of number of samples in wave burst example shown number of samples in wave burst for example shown number of samples in wave burst 0200 Hex 512 decimal Remaining bytes are 0 s 0200 Hex 512 decimal Remaining bytes are 0 s 18FD5B18FD64 First 3 bytes 18FD5B is pressure 18F03D18F054 First 3 bytes 18F03D is pressure number for first wave measurement last 3 bytes number for first wave measurement last 3 bytes 4and 18FD64 is pressure number for second wave 18F054 is pressure number for second wave followinglmeasurement Each subsequent line also contains data measurement Each subsequent li
88. aintenance Note See Application Note 57 Connector Care and Cable Installation CAUTION Do not use WD 40 or other petroleum based lubricants as they will damage the connectors Clean and inspect connectors cables and dummy plugs before every deployment and as part of your yearly equipment maintenance Inspect connectors that are unmated for signs of corrosion product around the pins and for cuts nicks or other flaws that may compromise the seal When remating 1 Lightly lubricate the inside of the dummy plug cable connector with silicone grease DC 4 or equivalent 2 Standard Connector Install the plug cable connector aligning the raised bump on the side of the plug cable connector with the large pin pin 1 ground on the 26plus Remove any trapped air by burping or gently squeezing the plug connector near the top and moving your fingers toward the end cap OR MCBH Connector Install the plug cable connector aligning the pins 3 Place the locking sleeve over the plug cable connector Tighten the locking sleeve finger tight only Do not overtighten the locking sleeve and do not use a wrench or pliers Verify that a cable or dummy plug is installed for each connector on the system before deployment 75 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Battery Replacement MN1300 LR20 ET ETTE MOMEN BM Etg DEEL EIM o ABWR RDO OLR YW IIRI OIII oar eas I ana The S
89. alkaline battery endurance 94 9 days total recorded tide measurements 36 total recorded wave bursts 12 tide measurements since last start 36 wave bursts since last start 12 transmit real time tide data NO transmit real time wave burst data NO transmit real time wave statistics NO status stopped by user xlogging NO send start command to begin logging S gt DC Pressure coefficients 05 feb 04 PAO 7 912454e 02 Wi ee eae more pressure sensor calibration coefficients OFFSET 0 00 Temperature coefficients 05 jan 04 TAO 2 993769e 04 TA1 2 397817e 04 TA2 8 392026e 07 TA3 1 319386e 07 S gt DD Note FFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF flag beginning of tide parameters If you uploaded data in 091B5D370000000000 time of beginning of first tide sample binary SeatermW sent 012c00010000000000 tide sample interval wave integration period DBbaud b e instead of DD FFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF flag end of tide parameters However the uploaded hex 3FC29478FB091B5D37 tide data pressure temperature and time file always shows the DD 3FC3AE7940091B5E63 tide data pressure temperature and time command so the file looks 3FC4F77981091B5F8F tide data pressure temperature and time exactly the same regardless 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst of whether ASCII or binary 091B60080200000000 time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst upload was use
90. amples in burst Next byte 02 is MSB of number of samples in wave burst Remaining bytes are 0 s wave burst Remaining bytes are 0 s 029B83E80000000000 First 4 bytes 029B83E8 is 029B92F40000000000000000 First 4 bytes 029B92F4 pressure temperature compensation number Next byte lis pressure temperature compensation number Next 3 00 is LSB of number of samples in wave burst byte 00 is LSB of number of samples in wave burst For example shown number of samples in wave burst For example shown number of samples in wave burst 0200 Hex 512 decimal Remaining bytes are 0 s 0200 Hex 512 decimal Remaining bytes are 0 s 87CED887CED6 First 3 bytes 87CcED8 is pressure 87CAA787CAAI First 3 bytes 87caa7 is pressure number for first wave measurement last 3 bytes number for first wave measurement last 3 bytes 4and 87cEpD6 is pressure number for second wave 87caa1 is pressure number for second wave followinglmeasurement Each subsequent line also contains data measurement Each subsequent line also contains data for 2 wave measurements There are a total of for 2 wave measurements There are a total of wave samples burst 2 lines of wave pressure data wave samples burst 2 lines of wave pressure data Last FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF Flag end of wave burst FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE Flag end of wave burst Note You must run ExtractTide exe before Convert Hex if your uploaded hex file contains data
91. art Year 2000 Start Year not used for SBE 26plus change it from default Ready Not used for 26plus for pressure sensor Conversion status bar drift between calibrations Convert File Help Cancel Enter information in the dialog box Click Coefficients to enter verify calibration coefficients for converting hex data to engineering units Calibration coefficients to make small corrections 2 The Coefficients dialog box looks like this Slope and offset psia used to make small Coefficient Configuration O O O O OO O OOOO x corrections far presstre sensor drift between Initialization file C WINDOWS CNYHex ini calibrations Other P coefficients are programmed into 26plus at Sea Bird they can be viewed with DC and modified with calibration coefficient commands in Slope Correction fi Serial Number Tand C SeatermW Note that offset entered here is in Offset Correction 0 000000 3 coefficients are addition to offset shown in DC response ignored for 26plus T and C m Temperature Calibration Coefficients Is 5 coefficients are TE programmed into AD 2 000000 26plus at Sea Bird Al 2000000 CPcor 9 57e 08 they can be viewed A CTcor with DC and A3 3 000000 si modified with OK to return to Convert Hex to Wave and Note Temperature and Conductivity Slope 1 000000 calibration Tide dialog box Coefficients not used with SBE 26plus or 53 Offset 0 000000 coefficient Open to select a d
92. ase of z radians implies a time lag of 5 seconds for a wave with a period of 10 seconds T 10 sec while the same phase implies a lag of 2 5 sec for a wave with T 5 sec Dispersion Equation For surface gravity waves described by 1 there is a special relationship between wave period and wave length This relationship which depends on water depth is called the dispersion relation and is given by o gk tanh kh 2 Implications of Linear Theory Equation 1 represents a single frequency wavenumber component of a sea surface that usually contains a whole group of waves of different sizes lengths and propagation directions One of the major assumptions of linear theory is that we can take this jumbled combination and treat each frequency component or frequency band separately by using 1 First order linear small amplitude theory is the simplest and most direct solution to a very complex general set of equations and boundary conditions for surface gravity waves The simple results are based on a set of approximations that are strictly valid only over a restricted range of conditions Small amplitude wave theory is not a good model of steep or breaking waves or waves traveling in very shallow water The theory is a good model of long ocean waves away from viscous boundary layers and horizontal boundaries 124 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics 0 01 0 005 H gT 0 002 0 001 0 0005 0 0002 0 0001 0 0
93. asoftWaves SeasoftWaves ini Open swe _Saveds Restore located in Windows directory contains location and file name of last saved psa file and options settings for each module Input directory A data SBE26 DATA 0074 Directory and file name for wave was Select one WAS and one WTS input file and wts data Select to pick different file Note that both was and wts files must be E selected even if you intend to output variables from only one of the files Files must be in same directory and must have Output directory same name befare extension I data SBE26 DATAN10074 ile Options Help Name append Output file JARO794 126 Directory and file name for output data Name append is added to output file name F 7 before extension For example if processing Click Start Process to begin 3 processing data Status field Not processing X was and X wts with a Name append of Wave output file is XWave r26 shows Processing complete when done Start Process xit Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit Make the desired selections 65 Section 8 W
94. asonably constant temperature environment for at least 5 hours before starting Pressure sensors exhibit a transient change in their output in response to changes in their environmental temperature Sea Bird instruments are constructed to minimize this by thermally decoupling the sensor from the body of the instrument However there is still some residual effect allowing the 26plus to equilibrate before starting will provide the most accurate calibration correction Calculating Offset using a Barometer 1 Place the 26plus in the orientation it will have when deployed In SeatermW connect to the 26plus 3 Quartz pressure sensor Send FR to display the pressure and pressure sensor temperature compensation frequencies Click Stop to end the test Compute pressure in psia from the frequencies with the formula shown on the calibration sheet 4 Strain Gauge pressure sensor Send TS a number of times to measure pressure as well as pressure temperature and optional conductivity and transmit converted data in engineering units pressure in psia 5 Compare the 26plus output to the reading from a good barometer Calculate Offset barometer reading 26plus reading 6 Enter the calculated offset positive or negative in Convert Hex s Coefficients Configuration dialog box Offset Correction Example Quartz Pressure Sensor Pressure measured by barometer is 1010 50 mbar Pressure calculated from 26plus pressure frequency is 14 06 psia C
95. ave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports 2 Click on the Data Setup tab The Data Setup tab looks like this HE x If selected output r26 file contains labels Create Repaka 101 x above data columns labels match variable names in Select Variables ile Options Help If selected output r26 file contains a descriptive text header that includes input file name and path wave integration time number File Setup Data Setup dialog box of points in burst height of 26p us above Label Data Columns A bottom and water density V Output Header Informatio Separate each variable in output Cokin senarai Space 126 file with a space tab p Space E semi colon or colon Julian days conversion format Julian days 7 Select Variables Output date and time as Julian days hh m m ss hours minutes seconds or dd mmm yyyy hh mm ss day month year hours minutes seconds Click to bring up a list of variables See Step 3 below Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done Ent Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e f Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Can
96. ave burst 0 11 Watt 1024 seconds burst 112 64 Joules burst Total wave power day 112 64 Joules burst 4 bursts day 450 6 Joules day Alkaline battery capacity 756 000 Joules 0 85 derate for safety 642 600 Joules Derating 5 per year for battery self discharge 0 05 642 600 Joules 365 days per year 88 Joules day Total power consumption 97 0 Joules day 450 6 Joules day 88 Joules day 635 6 Joules day Number of days of battery capacity 642 600 Joules 635 6 Joules day 1011 days 2 77 years As a check compare with the output of Battery and Memory Endurance on the 26plus Quartz tab the program shows the same results Although the battery capacity is 2 77 years the program provides a warning that deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries Additionally the program calculated that the memory endurance is only 676 days 1 85 years which is the limiting factor in deployment length for this sampling scheme see Memory Endurance for example calculation 23 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Battery Endurance with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor e Tide sample for intervals without a wave burst Quiescent 0 0005 Watt tide interval tide duration 2 6 sec Turn on off for each tide sample 0 36 Watt sec Tide sample including temperature 0 14 Watt tide duration Conductivity sample 0 71 Watt sec Note 1 Wa
97. ave height meters 4 x sqrt total variance Third and following lines until next line with Values beginning with the first frequency for the Auto Spectral density function lt Gaa gt Units are meters Hz To obtain the variance m in a frequency interval f Hz multiply the value of lt Gaa gt by f 112 Appendix Ill Data Formats Wave Burst Auto Spectrum Report rpt extension A rpt file is created from the wb file in Process Wave Burst Data A sample wave burst Auto Spectrum report file is shown below surface wave processing summary file aprl2sp wb temperature 15 000 salinity 33 000 density 1024 431 number of points per wave burst 1028 sample period 1 00 sec burst 1 mean pressure 21 207 psia instrument depth 4 466 meters total water depth 5 666 meters auto spectrum 10 spectral estimates per band 51 bands calculated each band is 0 010 Hz wide frequency span 0 005 to 0 492 Hz MM DD HH MM SIG HT SIG PER ENERGY CM SQ CM SEC 22 20 LF LS T3 1 9 7 5 3 04 05 15 42 3 1 0 0 2 2 9 13 0 10 3 04 05 18 42 32 1 2 2 0 1 2 5 18 1 7 4 04 05 21 42 46 3 2 2 0 2 3 KiE 5 8 82 04 06 00 42 39 9 3 0 2 5 0 13 4 8 39 04 06 03 42 4 8 3 T3 0 6 2 6 17 1 9 41 04 06 06 42 45 0 4 2 0 8 3 21 2 13 56 04 06 09 42 49 8 2 2 0 11 2 3 23 2a 29 Ag 04 06 12 42 57 6 5 0 28 5 6 28 7 43 71 04 06 15 42 6 6 5 0 59 3 9 27 8 60 50 04 06 18 42 67 6 6 2 Or 32 37 9 17 2 Be
98. bs Undo Zoom is grayed out unless you have zoomed in by clicking and dragging to select a rectangular area to enlarge details Set Zoomed Ranges Substitute the current zoomed ranges of the plot for the Minimum and Maximum plot ranges on the Axis tabs This allows you to save the ranges of the zoomed view so you can go to exactly the same view the next time you run Plot Data Set Zoomed Ranges is grayed out unless you have zoomed in by clicking and dragging to select a rectangular area to enlarge details 74 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration This section reviews corrosion precautions connector mating and maintenance battery replacement pressure sensor maintenance optional conductivity cell storage and cleaning and sensor calibration The accuracy of the SBE 26plus is sustained by the care and calibration of the sensors and by establishing proper handling practices Corrosion Precautions Rinse the SBE 26plus with fresh water after use and prior to storage The SBE 26plus has a plastic housing with a titanium end cap No corrosion precautions are required but avoid direct electrical connection of the titanium end cap to dissimilar metal hardware The optional SBE 4M conductivity cell has a titanium housing No corrosion precautions are required but avoid direct electrical connection of the titanium to dissimilar metal hardware Connector Mating and M
99. cel to exit Make the desired selections 66 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports 3 Click Select Variables The Select Variables dialog box looks like this Select Yariables Exi Variable Name unit Average Period seconds time series statistics Shrink All Average Period seconds time series statistics Average Wave Height meters time series statistics Burst Number Delete Burst Number Expand All Date Time Date Time ne Insert Energy J m 2 Shrink Significant wave height meters auto spectrum H1 ipai kadaa Delete All H1 100 meters time series statistics Expand Maximum Wave Height meters time series statistics Number of waves time series statistics Pressure Sensor Depth meters Significant period seconds Significant wave height meters ikkl m e re burst auto spectrum Wave time series Variance El Click a variable and click Add to add it to list of output variables on left e If you select energy significant period significant wave height or variance Create Reports requires you 4 j gt to select whether to calculate variable from wave burst auto spectrum was or wave time series wts Cancel Make the desired selections and click OK to return to the Create Reports data setup tab 4 Click Start Process to process the data 67 Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data
100. communication Comm port for omm Port Baud Rate Upload Baud j between computer communication COME gt 3600 7 32400 M and 26plus with 26plus Upload baud 7 matches communication baud oo Help Cancel unless binary upload is selected 3 Click Connect The S gt displays This shows that correct communications between the computer and 26plus has been established Note If the system does not respond with the S gt prompt The 26plus communicates at e Click Connect again 9600 baud factory set default e Verify the correct instrument Comm port and baud rate 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no were selected parity as documented on the e Check cabling between the computer and 26plus instrument Configuration Sheet Baud rate can be changed with 4 Ifthe 26plus is still logging command it to stop logging by typing Stop Baud other parameters cannot be modified and pressing the Enter key You may need to press the Esc key before entering Stop to get the 26plus to stop if it is in the middle of sampling 5 Display 26plus status information by clicking Status The status response should indicate logging no 53 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note Although SeatermW sends DBbaud b e to upload data in binary the uploaded hex file shows the DD command so the file looks exactly the same regardless of whether ASCII or binary upload was used 6
101. cssesscescsssssssssssscesssscessssssessssnessesessnessese eee 6 About this Matual sssini scierie i cuaishios de Gilet Ei 6 How to Contact Sea Bird ecis cetei aena 6 QUICK SS CAI asnes eanes eee Seco axes RAST ase ea eh Soha so eA Taw as OTe ee ov 7 Unpacking SBE 26p1US cccccceescesscessceseceseceseceneceeceeeseesneseeeseeeseeeneeeneeseeenaees 8 Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus ssssssscssscccscscssccssessscssscssscsessessseees 9 System Description isie i scccstceccescsdocduesteedeedsessccecssseceecese 9 Specifications senin ior rn E E EE EE A A REEE REEE A RE R 11 Dimensions and End Cap Connectors ccccceccessseesceesceseceeeceecnsecsseeneeeeeenes 13 Power Supply e a a e A A O E ee 14 External Power and Cable Length s ssssssesssssesssesersessreresseseessesrseeseesessreeessesees 14 Limiting Communication IR Loss to 1 Volt if Transmitting Real Time Datani riis Tureia inie n a estate te gcn elie 14 Supplying Enough Power to SBE 26plus cccccccssesseesseeeeeseeeseeseenseensees 15 Data VO eei e re ei REER E eed eh E E ER 15 RealTime Setpro E a 16 Baud Rate and Cable Length Standard RS 232 Interface 16 Baud Rate and Cable Length Optional RS 422 RS 485 full duplex Interface ce cecccseesceesceesceseeseceesceeseeseeneensecseeeneeeneeeeeenes 16 Real Time Data Acquisition ccccescceseeseceseceseceseceeecaeecaeeeseeeeeeneeeeeees 16 Section 3 Software Installation and Use sscscscsss
102. ctions are read from the Convert Hex calibration coefficients ini file 109 Appendix Ill Data Formats Example no conductivity from sample file above 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst 091B60080200000000 time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst 000005000000000000 pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst 18FD5B18FD64 wave burst pressure data Dae wave burst pressure data 18FDCF18FDD5 wave burst pressure data FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF flag end of wave burst Pressure temperature compensation amp number of samples 000005000000000000 hex Pressure temperature compensation 00000500 hex 1280 decimal Pressure temperature compensation PTC pressure temperature compensation number 1000 1280 1000 1 28 Pressure number for first wave burst pressure data first 3 bytes 18FD5B hex 1637723 decimal Pressure P pressure number 8 1637723 8 204715 375 Using calibration coefficients from uploaded hex file PAO 7 912454e 02 PA1 7 317688e 05 PA2 1 012808e 12 PTCAO 3 446204e 02 PTCA1 4 617518e 01 PTCA2 1 236197e 01 PTCBO 2 488438e 01 PTCB1 2 275000e 03 PTCB2 0 000000e 00 PTempA0 8 059255e 01 PTempA 1 8 183057e 01 PTempA2 1 878352e 00 POffset 0 Pressure temperature T PTempA0 PTempA1 PTC PTempA2 PTC 8 059255e 01 8 183057e 01 1 28 1 878352 1 28 80 59255 104 743 129
103. cured 76 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Pressure Sensor Maintenance Pressure sensor port The pressure fitting which includes a pressure port fitting external tube and polyurethane bladder bag is filled with silicone oil at the factory The oil transmits hydrostatic pressure via internal capillary tubing to the pressure sensor inside the instrument and prevents corrosion that might occur if the sensor diaphragm was exposed to water The bladder bag is vacuum back filled The bladder bag can develop tears and leaks over time If the fitting has been damaged or investigation due to poor data shows that the bag has torn replace the fitting and bag and refill the oil Sea Bird highly recommends that you send the SBE 26plus back to the factory for this repair as it is difficult to completely remove all air from the system in the field resulting in potential pressure errors However if you must do the repair to meet a deployment schedule contact Sea Bird to purchase the needed parts a eg i 7 Connector End Cap Parts required a Description Quantity 30551 Pressure port bladder bag 2 50025 Pressure sensor oil refill kit 1 provided with 26plus shipment 50029 Nylon capillary assembly ae 30002 Swagelock nylon NY 200 1 OR 2 Syringe 60 cc DURR 899069 MFG 309663 30521 1 18 gage needle ground Only 1 is required but we recommend that you purchase a spa
104. cy capillary waves Gravity waves arise through the restoring force of gravity on water particles displaced from equilibrium levels If the equilibrium level is a free surface the boundary between water and air surface gravity waves are formed If the equilibrium level is an internal surface in a stratified fluid internal gravity waves are formed These internal waves tend to have longer periods minutes to hours than surface gravity waves seconds Finally planetary effects such as rotation introduce restoring effects such as the Coriolis force and potential vorticity yielding very long period waves called inertial waves Rossby and planetary waves Spectrum of Surface Waves in the Ocean Surface waves in the ocean occupy a broad range of wavelengths and periods e At extremely short periods the spectrum is dominated by capillary waves followed by a broad 1 20 second band of surface gravity waves mostly wind driven e Longer period gt 10 minutes gravity waves may occur in association with earthquakes and large scale meteorological systems storm surges e Tides which are another type of forced gravity wave dominate the spectrum in the 12 36 hour band e At longer periods inertial and planetary waves are prevalent gravity does not play a dominant role any longer See Pond and Picard Figure 12 1 Table 12 1 Appendix VIII References 122 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Definition of Terms a wave a
105. d 000005000000000000 pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst 18FD5B18FD64 wave burst pressure data ae wave burst pressure data 18FDCF18FDD5 wave burst pressure data FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF flag end of wave burst 3FC56079C0091B60BB tide data pressure temperature and time 3FC1017A47091B61E7 tide data pressure temperature and time 3FC1097AC9091B6313 tide data pressure temperature and time 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst 105 Note If you uploaded data in binary SeatermW sent DBbaud b e instead of DD However the uploaded hex file always shows the DD command so the file looks exactly the same regardless of whether ASCII or binary upload was used Appendix Ill Data Formats The beginning of a sample hex file for a 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure sensor and with conductivity follows beginning of file with DS and DC response same as shown above except DS response shows conductivity YES the calculated memory endurance and battery endurance in DS response is reduced and DC response shows conductivity coefficients in addition to pressure and temperature coefficients S gt DD FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF 091CAFE70000000000000000 012C00010000000000000000 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF 3F9A816E50000000091CAFE7 3F9BF36EC1000000091CB113 3F9D136F47000000091CB23F 000000000000000000000000 091CB2BA0200000000000000 000004DC0000000000000000 18F03D18F054
106. d recommends derating 15 for safety and 5 per year for battery self discharge Consider derating further for cold water applications Optional 6 lithium DD cell batteries Electrochem BCX85 3B76 TC with buttons lithiums not supplied by Sea Bird Note that 1 lithium DD is Supply shorter than 2 alkaline Ds so different battery cover plate required cover plate available from Sea Bird Typical capacity 2 332 800 Joules Sea Bird recommends derating 15 for safety and 3 per year for battery self discharge Power Optional external power source 12 20 VDC TEE 600 meter acetal copolymer plastic housing titanium end cap Plastic housing with alkaline batteries g 6 8 kg 15 Ibs in air 2 3 kg 5 Ibs in water Weight Optional mounting fixture 3 6 kg 8 lbs in air 1 4 kg 3 Ibs in water 12 Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus Dimensions and End Cap Connectors 9 9 cm Conductivity Connector Standard XSG 3 BCL HP SS 1 Common 2 Signal 3 Power Optional MCBH o J Connectors A MCBH 3MP WB TI 3 8 length base 1 2 20 thread a B9in p Shown Below Installed in Optional Mounting Fixture si fom T fimi 76 5 cm 30 1 in a ee Data I O Connector Standard RS 232 Interface QJ Connectors XSG 4 BCL HP SS 1 Common 2 RS 232 Receive 3 RS 232 Transmit 4 External Power optional 12 20 VDC Battery
107. days per year 88 Joules day Total power consumption 392 Joules day 650 Joules day 25 Joules day 88 Joules day 1155 Joules day Number of days of battery capacity 642 600 Joules 1155 Joules day 556 days 1 52 years As a check compare with the output of Battery and Memory Endurance on the 26plus Strain tab the program shows the same results The program calculated that the memory endurance is 676 days 1 85 years which is not the limiting factor in deployment length for this sampling scheme see Memory Endurance for example calculation 24 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Memory Endurance The SBE 26plus comes standard with a 32 MB memory Memory used for storing logged data is If conductivity not enabled Bytes day 9N W 36 3M If conductivity enabled Bytes day 12N W 48 3M where N number of tide samples day W number of wave bursts day M number of wave measurements burst Example 26plus with conductivity sensor Measure tides every 60 minutes 1 hour 24 hours 24 measurements day Measure waves after every 6 tide samples 24 6 4 wave bursts day Take 4096 wave measurements per burst Note This is same sampling scheme as shown in Battery and Memory Endurance dialog box above and in power endurance calculation examples N 24 W 4 M 4096 Bytes day 12N W 48 3M 12 24 4 48 3 4096 49 632 bytes day
108. de interval Consequently do not use this scheme if you want tide pressure and T and C data at regular intervals Tide interval Tide interval Tide duration Tide duration Tide interval 2 sec T amp C i measurement Wave duration a i Real time gt 20 sec for first tide wave samples burst waves S 2 sec wave sample duration statistics T amp C calculation measurement if selected for second tide Quartz Example 3 Tide interval 15 minutes 900 sec tide duration 2 minutes 120 sec Wave burst of 1024 samples at 0 75 sec sample 1024 x 0 75 768 sec 12 minutes 48 seconds every 2 tide measurements Calculate real time wave statistics on 512 samples wave burst 512 x 0 06 sec calculation 30 7 sec required at end of wave burst Set SetStartTime to 12 00 00 Checking setup tide duration 120 sec lt tide interval 20 sec 900 20 880 sec wave burst duration real time wave statistics 768 30 7 799 sec gt tide interval tide duration 20 sec 900 120 20 760 sec Time Time Begin End Wave End Wave Time Stamp Begin P for End P for BeginT amp C EndT amp C Stamp Wave Burst amp Begin Statistic for Tide Tide for Tide for Tide for Wave Burst Wave Statistic Calculation Tide Burst Calculation 12 00 00 1 1 12 02 00 1 1 12 02 02 1 12 15 00
109. ds Number of points in wave burst VVVV e Second and following lines until next line with Measured pressures in psia with four values per line 111 Appendix Ill Data Formats Wave Burst Auto Spectrum Statistics was extension A was file is created from the wb file in Process Wave Burst Data A sample wave burst Auto Spectrum statistics file is shown below SBE 26plus 0 39714178 1 00 1024 10 5 666 4 466 1024 211 90 0 637 1 843 51 5 371094e 003 9 765625e 003 5 9946e 003 6 0210e 001 1 0732e 001 3 0970e 001 3 091334e 003 3 298001le 003 2 160857e 003 7 776975e 004 5 304750e 003 3 731420e 003 1 790720e 002 2 439886e 002 8 326155e 002 082657e 001 5 056803e 002 5 299359e 002 2 502890e 002 2 332787e 002 2 122386e 002 1 846813e 002 3 559706e 002 3 633030e 002 2 943071e 002 8 796323e 003 8 000838e 003 4 111465e 003 2 995502e 003 6 887020e 003 2 995481e 003 4 263404e 003 1 317504e 003 3 054346e 003 1 688730e 003 2 141096e 003 1 688405e 003 3 960159e 003 1 314685e 003 714741e 003 1 393692e 003 1 332473e 003 3 300501e 004 5 239898e 004 3 741254e 004 1 336304e 003 5 561366e 004 6 184441e 004 8 887792e 004 4 510226e 004 5 383913e 004 4 866397e 004 1 003825e 003 5 819744e 004 7 742675e 004 622945e 003 9 336277e 004 1 39724978 1 00 1024 0 6 378 5 178 1024 211 90 0 637 1 843 51 5 371094e 003 9 765625e 003 6 2661e 003 6 2937e 001 1 0732e 001 3 1663e 001 2 399138e 003 4 958530e 003 5 970532e 003 5 397915e 003 3 676770e 003 2 406614e 0
110. e Tide Burst 12 00 00 1 1 2 a a 12 03 00 E 1 1 3 2 3 E z z 12 03 02 x 1 z 7 E 7 12 15 00 2 1 1 7 E 7 12 27 48 a E 2 7 p x 1 H 12 27 50 7 F 2 2 2 3 1 12 28 21 z 2 E 12 30 00 3 3 3 S a 12 33 00 3 3 2 a i a R 2 12 33 02 a 3 z z 2 x 12 45 00 4 2 2 z E 12 57 48 4 2 z 12 57 50 4 2 E 2 z 12 58 21 z E z Z E 2 13 00 00 5 5 2 2 2 E Z E Notes for Strain Gauge Example 2 e A separate tide measurement is not made during a tide interval that includes a wave burst the value reported for that tide is the average of the measurements taken over the entire wave burst e Note the large variation in T amp C timing and in the length of the tide pressure measurement using this scheme 96 Appendix Ill Data Formats Appendix Ill Data Formats This appendix provides detailed information on data format for each file type Notes e See Section 7 Tide Data Extension Description Processing Merge cap Capture file of real time data from 26plus Barometric Pressure for the Hex data uploaded from 26plus memory using SeatermW barometric pressure file hex Also Hex data from multiple logging sessions split into separate files bp format by Extract Tide The format for the wss file Tide measurements only created from hex file by Convert Hex Also created if O
111. e allowable cable length Example 2 Same as above but there are 4 instruments powered from same power supply 1 4V 0 028 Amps 4 instruments 0 0107 ohms foot cable length Maximum cable length 1168 ft 356 meters to 26plus furthest from power source Data I O The SBE 26plus receives setup instructions and outputs diagnostic information or previously recorded data via a three wire RS 232 link optional RS 422 RS 485 full duplex The 26plus is factory configured for 9600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity The communications baud rate can be changed using Baud see Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Standard ASCII data upload from memory is done at the communications baud rate Binary data upload from memory can be accomplished at rates of up to 115 200 baud regardless of the setting for the communications baud rate 15 Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus Real Time Setup Baud Rate and Cable Length Standard RS 232 Interface The length of cable that the SBE 26plus can drive is dependent on the baud rate The allowable combinations are Maximum Cable Length meters Maximum Baud Rate 1600 600 800 1200 400 2400 200 4800 100 9600 50 19200 25 38400 16 7 57600 13 3 115200 Notes 57600 and 115200 baud are available only for binary upload and are not e Set applicable to real time data output Baud rat
112. e entries from dialog box 82 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Conductivity Sensor Calibration The optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor incorporates a fixed precision resistor in parallel with the cell When the cell is dry and in air the sensor s electrical circuitry outputs a frequency representative of the fixed resistor This frequency is recorded on the Calibration Certificate and should remain stable within 1 Hz over time The conductivity sensor calibration certificate shows the following coefficients g h i j Cpcor and Ctcor View and or modify these coefficients in Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box and in the 26plus EEPROM e Cpcor makes a correction for the highly consistent change in dimensions of the conductivity cell under pressure The default is the compressibility coefficient for borosilicate glass 9 57 x 10 Some sensors fabricated between 1992 and 1995 serial numbers between 1100 and 1500 exhibit a compression that is slightly less than pure borosilicate glass For these sensors the hermetic epoxy jacket on the glass cell is unintentionally strong creating a composite pressure effect of borosilicate and epoxy For sensors tested to date this composite pressure coefficient ranges from 9 57 x 10 to 6 90 x 10 with the latter value producing a correction to deep ocean salinity of 0 0057 PSU in 5000 dbars pressure approximately 0 001 PSU per 1000 dbars Before m
113. e g Setup for this example was to measure waves every burst Setup for this example was to measure waves 3 tide samples so there are 3 tide records lines 5 to 7 before wave burst flag every 3 tide samples so there are 3 tide records lines 5 to 7 before wave burst flag An uploaded file that includes multiple logging sessions contains these four records at the start of each logging session to provide the sampling parameters for that logging session 107 Appendix Ill Data Formats Note You must run ExtractTide exe before Convert Hex if your uploaded hex file contains data from multiple logging sessions See Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Convert Hex converts the hex data to pressure temperature optional conductivity and time in engineering units when the data is separated into tide and wave burst files The tide data conversions are described below pressure psia slope correction pressure number B M offset correction where e pressure number is the first 3 bytes 6 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal e slope and offset corrections are read from the Convert Hex calibration coefficients ini file Note that the pressure number already includes the effect of the offset entered in the 26plus EEPROM with the POffset command e Mand B are scaling parameters that depend on pressure sensor range They are calc
114. e temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3FB7DE is 3FF595 is pressure number next 2 bytes 73D6 is 6 pressure number next 2 bytes 6CEB is temperature _ temperature number next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 091CB17D is start time of conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091B5cD3 tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 is start time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 3FF674740E000000091B5DFF Tide record pressure 3FB8F66D33091CB2 lt A9 tide record pressure temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3FB8F6 is 3FF674 is pressure number next 2 bytes 740E is 7 pressure number next 2 bytes 6D33 is temperature temperature number next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 091cB2a9 is start time of tide conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091B5DFF measurement seconds since January 1 2000 is start time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wave burst 000000000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wave g Setup for this example was to measure waves every 3 burst Setup for this example was to measure waves every 3 tide samples so there are 3 tide records lines 5 to 7 before wave burst flag An uploaded file that includes multiple logging sessions contains these four records at the start of each logging session t
115. e 02 data in engineering units oe F cre E e Pressure temperature D2 6 0000006400 and conductivity are stored Tl 2 992117e 01 in memory as raw data before T2 6 5888806e 01 application of calibration T3 4 158092e 01 coefficients T4 1 073818e 02 e Data is uploaded from memory to M 12582 9 calculated by 26plus based on factory input pressure sensor range a hex file as raw data and or B 838 8 calculated by 26plus based on factory input pressure sensor range partially processed data Offset 0 000000e 00 psia depending on the parameter and Temperature coefficients 05 nov 2004 TAO 1 653843e 05 whether the data is for waves or TA1 2 800270e 04 tides see Appendix III Data TA2 2 759926e 06 Formats The hex file also TA3 1 646110e 07 contains the DC command and Conductivity coefficients 05 nov 2004 only if Conductivity Y response Convert Hex uses the CG 8 000000e 00 calibration coefficients in the DC CH 1 483257e 00 CI 1 931111le 04 response to convert the raw data ne corr ma to engineering units Pressure CTCOR 3 250000e 06 slope and an additional CPCOR 9 570000e 08 pressure offset are entered in CSLOPE 1 000000e 00 Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box to make small post deployment corrections for pressure sensor drift Note that the pressure offset Example 26plus with Strain Gauge sensor user input in bold S gt DC entered in Convert Hex is in Pre
116. e bag is filled gently remove the tube from the needle keeping the bag at or below the level of the end of the tube to prevent air from entering the bag Maintaining gentle pressure on the bag to keep the oil at the end of the tube and prevent air from entering the bag insert the end of the tube into the lower portion of the fitting on the end cap and screw the Swagelok fitting down using a 7 16 inch wrench Oil should overflow from the fitting preventing air from entering the bag the overflow should stop when the fitting is tightened When completed the bag should be approximately full of oil and contain no air Maintain gentle pressure on b 11 Install the pressure bag in the pressure bag cavity Place the tubing in the indent going counter clockwise from the bag to the fitting Pressure bag 12 Reinstall the pressure cover pressure tube guard and 3 Phillips head a screws being careful not to pinch the tubing or the bag Pressure p cover im Pressure w tube guara 13 Log data on the SBE 26plus and download the data Compare the pressure readings to a local barometer A pinched or overfilled bag will give pressure readings that are higher that the correct values 79 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Conductivity Cell Maintenance The SBE 26plus optional conductivity cell SBE 4M is shipped dry to prevent freezing in shipping Refer to Application Note 2D Instruc
117. e bursts day 4 000 memory endurance 676 1 days nominal alkaline battery endurance 1011 3 days deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries total recorded tide measurements 0 total recorded wave bursts 0 tide measurements since last start 0 wave bursts since last start 0 transmit real time tide data YES transmit real time wave burst data YES transmit real time wave statistics NO status stopped by user logging NO send start command to begin logging 6 Send the desired commands to set up the 26plus see Command Descriptions below Verify the setup by clicking Status again 28 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Notes e See Appendix ll Sample Timing for a detailed description of when tide and wave measurements are made and stored in memory When transmitting real time tide data each tide measurement record displays after the tide duration is complete For example if the tide duration is 10 minutes the first tide data displays 10 minutes after logging starts Note This wave data was obtained while the instrument was on land so the output is indicating essentially 0 wave height T Test the setup by typing Start and pressing the Enter key to begin logging If the DS response shows logging start time do not use start time use start time in SetSampling prompt is No the 26plus responds
118. e instead of the applicable tide measurement not use this scheme if you want tide and for that tide the data from the entire wave burst is averaged to pressure and T and C data at calculate the tide measurement See Strain Gauge Example 2 regular intervals Tide interval Tide interval 4 gt Tide duration gt sec Sleep gt 8 sec Wave duration 2 sec Sleep T amp C wave samples burst T amp C gt 8 sec measurement wave sample duration measurement Note Wave data also used to calculate tide Real time wave statistics calculation if selected Strain Gauge Example 2 Tide interval 15 minutes 900 sec tide duration 3 minutes 180 sec Wave burst of 1024 samples at 0 75 sec sample 1024 x 0 75 768 sec 12 minutes 48 seconds every 2 tide measurements Calculate real time wave statistics on 512 samples wave burst 512 x 0 06 sec calculation 30 7 sec required at end of wave burst Set SetStartTime to 12 00 00 Checking setup tide duration 180 sec lt tide interval 10 sec 900 10 890 sec wave burst duration real time wave statistics 768 30 7 799 sec gt tide interval tide duration 10 sec 900 180 10 710 sec Time Begin End Begin End me Begin End Stamp P P T amp c Tec Stamp Begin Ena ave Weve Time for Wave Wave Statistic Statistic tor tor tor tor for Wave Burst Burst Calculation Calculation Tide Tide Tide Tid
119. e or Save As program asks if you want to save changes If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data The X Axis tab looks like this for Auto Spectrum iolx Fie Options Help File Setup Plot Setup X Aris Y Axis 1 Aa H hi type e Auto Spectrum frequency Hz Variable Frequency Hz If selected confidence intervals Plot Style Overlay 2D Overlay 3D e Overlay 2D 2D plot of frequency and and burst parameters display in f energy density text at right of a 2D plot Include chi squared confidence intervals e Overlay 3D 3D plot of frequency energy density and either burst Display Burst Parameters number or date and time Select to label axis with variable Label axis with variable name name as listed in drop down Variable list or enter a Custom ustom label label for axis Line type 3 Select desired line type color ai Thin Solid z and symbol Selection of color i or monochrome plot and Line Color Line symbol e Auto range Plot Data selects Solid Circle inclusion of symbols in plot is made on Plot Setup tab and axis Minimum and Maximum JV Auto range Minimum fo 0000 applies to all axes values number of Major divisions on axis and number Maximum 10 0000 of Minor divisions between 3 Major divisions Auto division
120. e sample start times are 10 20 15 10 21 15 10 22 25 26plus delayed sample because user sent DS 10 23 15 26plus made interval shorter to return to expected timing 10 24 15 31 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW The 26plus responds only to DS DC QS and Stop while waiting to start logging use start time prompt in SetSampling command is Yes and Start was sent but sampling has not started yet To send any other commands 1 Send Stop 2 Send the desired commands to modify the setup 3 Send Start again Click Upload to upload data that will be processed by SEASOFT for Waves Manually entering a data upload command does not produce data with the required header information for SEASOFT for Waves If the 26plus is uploading data and you want to stop it press the Esc key or click Stop Press the Enter key to get the S gt prompt Entries made with the commands are permanently stored in the 26plus and remain in effect until you change them The only exception occurs if the electronics are removed from the housing and the two PCBs are separated or the lithium jumper JP7 is removed see Appendix IV Electronics Disassembly Reassembly Before beginning disassembly upload all data in memory Upon reassembly reset the date and time SetTime and initialize logging InitLogging 32 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Notes e With Quartz pressur
121. e sensor You can wake up the 26plus during a tide measurement and display status press Enter key to get S gt then click Status without interrupting logging e With Strain Gauge pressure sensor Waking up the 26plus during a tide measurement and displaying status interrupts logging See General Command Notes above Commands Status Command DS Note e Memory endurance is based on total memory capacity taking into account the setup tide measurement interval wave burst interval etc but not considering the measurements already in memory Battery endurance is based on original nominal alkaline battery capacity taking into account the setup tide measurement interval wave burst interval etc It is not based ona measurement of remaining battery voltage or the number of measurements already taken If calculated battery endurance is greater than 730 days status response shows deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries Memory and battery endurance output with DS matches that calculated in Battery and Memory Endurance but Battery and Memory Endurance outputs lithium battery endurance as well as alkaline See Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Note After sending Start logging status should be one of the following if the 26plus is operating correctly e logging started if use start time in SetSamplin
122. e with Baud TxTide Y for real time tide data TxWave Y for real time wave data Baud Rate and Cable Length TXWAVESTATS Y in SetSampling Optional RS 422 RS 485 full duplex Interface prompt for real time wave statistics See Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup installation and Data Upload The SBE 26plus can transmit data at up to 38 400 baud over up to 1200 meters SeatermW for command details of twisted pair wire cable 26 AWG or smaller gauge larger diameter If using external power see External When uploading data higher baud rates for binary upload 57 600 and 115 200 Power and Cable Length above for baud may not work with long cables power limitations on cable length Real Time Data Acquisition Real time data tides waves and or wave statistics can be acquired by clicking Capture in SeatermW before you begin logging The data displayed in SeatermW will be saved to the designated file Process the data as desired Note that this file cannot be processed by SEASOFT for Waves as it does not have the required headers and format for Sea Bird s processing software 16 Section 3 Software Installation and Use Section 3 Software Installation and Use Notes e SEASOFT for Waves data processing modules cannot process real time data from the 26plus Sea Bird supplies the current version of our software when you purchase an instrument As software revisions occur we post the revised software on our FT
123. each sample in burst D Measure waves every N tide samples N 2 as shown 22 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Discussions follow of the data and equations used in Battery and Memory Notes Endurance use this information to perform your own calculations if desired e See Specifications in Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus for power requirements and alkaline Battery Endurance with Quartz Pressure Sensor and lithium battery ratings e 1 Watt second 1 Joule e Tide sample If tide duration lt tide interval 20 sec the SBE 26plus goes to sleep between tide measurements drawing only quiescent power 0 0005 Watt while sleeping If sleeping between tide samples tide duration lt tide interval 20 sec Quiescent 0 0005 Watt tide interval tide duration 10 sec 2 sec Pressure sensor integration 0 01 Watt tide duration 10 sec Turn on for each sample 0 30 Watt sec Tide sample including temperature 0 30 Watt sec Conductivity sample 0 40 Watt sec If not sleeping between tide samples tide interval tide duration Pressure sensor integration 0 01 Watt tide duration Tide sample including temperature 0 30 Watt sec Conductivity sample 0 40 Watt sec e Wave burst measurement Wave burst duration number of wave samples wave sample duration sec Wave burst 0 11 Watt wave burst duration sec
124. ed to the Command instrument Connect when using File Exit SeatermW Status Coefficients Upload Stop Re establish communications with 26plus or Diagnostic Computer responds with S gt prompt Connect 26plus goes to sleep after 2 minutes press Enter key without communication from computer have elapsed Contiene Establish communication parameters p instrument Comm port and baud rate Status Display 26plus setup and status logging DS samples in memory etc Display pressure temperature and Coefficients optional conductivity sensor DC calibration coefficients Set 26plus date and time based on time in computer See Setting Time in SBE 26plus Date im to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Pate Instruments for details Upload data stored in memory in format f our data processing modules can use Upload with DD or Uploaded data has hex extension DBbaud b e _ Upload Before using verify 26plus has stopped Sk Upload if r will logging send Stop unless you had input on coer a and enabled a pre programmed stop time Waves before beginning logging Capture 26plus responses on screen to file to save real time data or may be useful for Capture _ diagnostics File has cap extension Click Capture again to turn off capture Capture status displays in Status bar Interrupt and end current activity such as uploading data or running diagnostic test pied Beckey Stop such as FR VR TT TTR Note Th
125. eering units pressure in psia 5 Enter the calculated slope and offset positive or negative in Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box Pressure Slope and Offset Correction Example Quartz Pressure Sensor A 45 psia sensor has drifted and its responses are low as shown below Actual Pressure psia Indicated Pressure psia 0 000 0 057 9 000 8 939 18 000 17 936 27 000 26 932 36 000 35 929 45 000 44 925 Linear regression best straight line fit pcorrected pindicated slope offset yields slope 1 00039381 and offset 0 057 Enter these correction coefficients originally set to 1 0 and 0 0 respectively in Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box Temperature Sensor Calibration The primary source of temperature sensor calibration drift is the aging of the thermistor element Sensor drift is usually a few thousandths of a degree during the first year and less in subsequent intervals Sensor drift is not substantially dependent upon the environmental conditions of use and unlike platinum or copper elements the thermistor is insensitive to shock Note The temperature sensor coefficients are entered into the 26plus EEPROM with Temperature sensor calibration the calibration coefficient commands The coefficients can be viewed using coefficients in Convert Hex s DC in SeatermW Coefficient Configuration dialog box are ignored software will be updated in future to eliminate thes
126. emaining displayed values are calculated and stored pressures psia Each time a wave burst is completed the display looks like this if the DS response shows transmit real time wave statistics YES real time wave statistics was enabled with TXWAVESTATS yY in the SetSampling command prompt Auto Spectrum Statistics nAvgBand 5 total variance 1 7509e 08 total energy 1 7137e 04 significant period 4 2667e 01 significant wave height 5 2928e 04 Note Sample output shown assumes youset Show progress messages ninthe SetSampling prompt Time Series Statistics Wave integration time 128 Number of waves 0 Total variance 1 6868e 08 Total energy 1 6512e 04 Average wave height 0 0000e 00 Average wave period 0 0000e 00 Maximum wave height 5 9477e 04 Significant wave height 0 0000e 00 Significant wave period 0 0000e 00 H1 10 0 0000e 00 H1 100 0 0000e 00 NOIE where See Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics for a description of calculation e Auto Spectrum Statistics E of wave statistics nAvgBand user input number of spectral estimates for each frequency band and next 4 lines are calculated not stored auto spectrum statistics e Time Series Statistics wave integration time sec wave burst duration user input number of samples burst sample duration and remaining lines are calculated not stored time series statistics 98 Appendix Ill
127. eplacing 76 Battery and Memory Endurance 22 Battery endurance 22 Baud rate 15 16 C Cable length 16 Calibration 81 Calibration coefficients 81 Cleaning 80 Command summary 87 Commands calibration coefficients 47 descriptions 31 diagnostic 45 general setup 35 Initialize logging 41 logging 42 polled sampling 44 Reset memory 41 status 33 tide setup 37 upload 44 wave setup 37 Communication defaults 27 Connector 75 Connectors 13 Convert Hex 55 Corrosion precautions 75 Create Reports 64 D Data format 97 cap 97 hex 99 105 126 115 pt 113 tid 111 was 112 wb 111 wt 115 wts 114 Quartz 99 105 surface wave time series 115 tide data 111 uploaded data 99 105 wave auto spectrum report 113 wave auto spectrum statistics 112 wave data 111 wave Statistics 115 wave time series statistics 114 Data I O 15 Deployment 51 Dimensions 13 Index 139 Electronics disassembly reassembly 116 End cap 75 End cap connectors 13 Extensions 19 External power See Power external Extract Tide 55 installation 17 File extensions 19 File formats 19 Format 19 97 cap 97 hex 99 105 126 115 pt 113 tid 111 was 112 wb 111 wt 115 wts 114 Quartz 99 real time 97 strain gauge 105 surface wave time series 115 tide data 111 uploaded data 99 105 wave auto spectrum report
128. equations 2 and 4 H fp 1 WwK z m Pal 26 131 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics A plot of the surface wave auto spectral density function G with error bars is probably the most useful way of describing the sea surface shape due to a surface wave field A glance at the spectrum shows where the wave variance is in frequency space The surface wave spectral density function G has units of m sec To find the variance m in a frequency interval f Hz multiply G by f Total Variance and Energy The total variance Var tot 18 the sum of all the band averaged spectral estimates Np Va w gt Galfdf m 27 k 1 where df is the number of spectral estimates in the band divided by the total sample period n is the number of frequency bands computed G a f is the spectral estimate for the frequency centered at f The total wave energy J m is found by multiplying the total variance by the specific weight of water W Significant Wave Height and Period The significant wave height is the average height of the highest 1 3 of the waves and is estimated from the auto spectrum as His 4 Vara m 28 The significant wave period estimated from the auto spectrum is the period corresponding to the frequency with the highest variance Surface Wave Time Series To reconstruct the surface wave time series from the subsurface pressure the transfer function H f see equation 26 is applied
129. es every 6 tide samples SetSampling 4096 wave samples burst at 4 00 scans sec duration 1024 seconds SetSampling logging start time 29 Jan 2006 00 00 00 SetSampling and SetStartTime logging stop time 30 Jan 2006 00 00 00 SetSampling and SetStartTime tide samples day 24 000 based on SetSampling wave bursts day 4 000 based on SetSampling memory endurance 676 1 days based on SetSampling nominal alkaline battery endurance 1026 8 days based on SetSampling deployments longer than 2 years are not recommended with alkaline batteries see Note 1 total recorded tide measurements 0 total recorded wave bursts 0 tide measurements since last start 0 wave bursts since last start 0 transmit real time tide data YES TxTide transmit real time wave burst data YES TxWave transmit real time wave statistics NO see Note 2 SetSampling status stopped by user see Note 3 logging NO send start command to begin logging Notes 1 Although calculated battery endurance for this example is 1026 8 days 2 81 years Sea Bird does not recommend planning deployments longer than 2 years with alkaline batteries 2 Iftransmit real time wave statistics YES following lines appear below it all statistics parameters are entered with SetSampling number of wave samples per burst to use for wave statistics 512 do not use measured temperature and conductivity for density calculation average water temperature above the pressu
130. es in real time calculations Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Wave and Tide Setup Command continued Use measured temperature and conductivity for density calculation y n n new value If Y 26plus uses measured T and C to calculate density which is used in wave statistics algorithm Average water temperature above the pressure sensor Deg C 15 0 new value Average salinity above the pressure sensor PSU 35 0 new value These 2 prompts appears only if you enter N for using measured T and C for density calculation 26plus uses average water temperature and salinity to calculate density for wave statistics algorithm Height of pressure sensor from bottom meters 0 0 new value Height of pressure sensor from bottom affects attenuation and calculation of fmax frequencies gt fmax are not processed Number of spectral estimates for each frequency band 5 new value You may have used Plan Deployment to determine desired value see Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Minimum allowable attenuation 0 0025 new value Minimum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 0 0e 00 new value 26plus defines high frequency cutoff fmax as smaller of frequency where measured pressure pressure at surface lt minimum allowable attenuation wave sample duration 1 minimum period Frequencies g
131. es measurement Take conductivity sample 0 71 Joules measurement Tide power measurement 1 74 0 36 16 80 0 71 19 61 Joules measurement of tide measurements day without a wave burst 24 measurements day 4 wave bursts day 20 measurements day Total tide power day 19 61 Joules measurement 20 measurements day 392 2 Joules day Tide sample Wave sample for intervals with a wave burst Wave burst duration 0 25 seconds 4096 measurements 1024 seconds burst Tide duration wave duration 5 120 1024 5 1149 seconds lt tide interval 3600 seconds Quiescent between samples 0 0005 Watt 3600 sec 120 sec 1024 sec 2 6 sec 1 23 Joules measurement Turn on 0 36 Joules measurement Take tide and wave sample 0 14 Watt 120 sec 1024 sec 160 2 Joules measurement Take conductivity sample 0 71 Joules measurement Tide and wave power measurement 1 23 0 36 160 2 0 71 162 5 Joules measurement Total tide and wave power day 162 5 Joules measurement 4 measurements day 650 Joules day Real time wave statistics Power consumption Watt sec 0 2 Watts 0 06 sec sample 512 samples burst 6 14 Joules wave burst Total statistics day 6 14 Joules wave burst 4 wave bursts day 24 6 Joules day Alkaline battery capacity 756 000 Joules 0 85 derate for safety 642 600 Joules Derating 5 per year for battery self discharge 0 05 642 600 Joules 365
132. eseeeseeeseeserees 127 Wave Processing Steps ccc sefcccc ciesciescegccseedicidasecceceesecvatescdcvscctacseaceccdecteetieses 128 Initial Processing of Pressure Data csccescesseeseceseeneeeeeeeeesseeereeeeens 128 Surface Wave Auto Spectrum ccceeccessceseceseceeeceeecseeeseeeseeseeeneeeneees 129 Surface Wave Time Series csessescssscseseeceeseceecesececeseenesenesaseneeeesetes 132 Appendix VII Pressure to Depth Conversion ccscsscsssssssssssseses 135 Appendix VIII References ccscscscssssscssscssscscscscssssssccsecsseessecesessscssees 136 Appendix IX Replacement Parts cscscssssssscccscsscssesscsssessecssessseseses 137 DOK RAEE NAE EEE E EO AEE 139 Section 1 Introduction Section 1 Introduction This section includes contact information Quick Start procedure and photos of a standard SBE 26plus About this Manual This manual is for use with the SBE 26plus SEAGAUGE Wave and Tide Recorder It is organized to guide the user from installation through operation data collection and processing We have included detailed specifications command descriptions maintenance and calibration information and helpful notes throughout the manual Sea Bird welcomes suggestions for new features and enhancements of our products and or documentation Please e mail any comments or suggestions to seabird seabird com How to Contact Sea Bird Sea Bird Electronics Inc 1808 136 Pl
133. frequency by frequency to the scaled raw spectral estimates A f H fi P fi fi lt Nyquist 29 where A f are the raw spectral estimates of surface wave amplitude and P f are the spectral estimates of subsurface pressure The spectral estimates for f gt Nyquist are given by A F _ A f The Inverse Fast Fourier Transform IFFT is taken to construct the surface time series 132 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics The influence of the Hanning window is removed with a deconvolution in the time domain each point x is multiplied by the inverse of the Hanning window w corresponding to the same time point This procedure is unstable near the end points where w 0 Therefore the time series is set to 0 at the beginning and end where the window reaches 1 of its maximum value Finally each point in the time series is multiplied by 1 sqrt 8 3 to compensate for the initial scaling of the time series Total Variance and Energy The unbiased sample variance is a fundamental statistical measure of the time series Variances from different bursts can be compared to see if the wave field is stationary or changing The unbiased estimator for the variance is N 1 lt o gt 1 N 1 xj lt n gt m 30 j 0 where u is the sample mean In this case the mean is zero since the time series has been de meaned The variance obtained from the reconstructed time series can be compared with the total variance
134. from the tide data The time in the files does not need to be aligned Merge Barometric Pressure uses linear interpolation to align the data in time before subtracting barometric pressure Merge Barometric Pressure can also convert tide pressure to water depth in meters using average density and gravity Both the input tide data and output adjusted file have a tid extension However Merge Barometric Pressure will not process a tid file that it has already processed preventing a user from erroneously removing barometric pressure multiple times from the tide data Remove barometric pressure as follows 1 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Merge Barometric Pressure The File Setup tab looks like this File to store all information input in File Setup and Data Setup tabs Open to PSM ESR tisgiel yess loj x select a different psa file Save or Save As to save current settings or Restore to reset all settings to match last saved version As a default psa file is stored in same directory as SeasoftWavesLaunch exe default is c Program Files Sea Bird data SBE26 DATA 1 0074 Merge26W psa SeasoftWaves SeasoftWaves ini located in Windows directory contains Opn sae _ Saves Restore location and file name of last saved psa file and options settings for each module Input directory l data SBE26 DATAM 0074 Directory and file names for tide tid Select one TID and one BP input file data and
135. g of spectral estimates the ramp function in the time domain leaks all over the spectrum in the frequency domain Density D is computed from the user supplied salinity and temperature Instrument depth z and water depth h are computed by z 6894 757 mean pressure 14 7 Dwg m 8 h z height of pressure sensor above bottom m 9 where the factor 6894 757 is used to convert the pressure from psi to Pascals If the number of wave samples is not a power of two the array length is made a power of two by filling it with the last de meaned and de trended pressure value Next a Hanning window is applied to the time series to suppress the spectral leakage that occurs when the time series to be Fourier transformed contains a periodic signal that does not correspond to one of the exact frequencies of the FFT Physically this means that an integral number of waves does not fit in the time series When this occurs energy at one frequency leaks to other frequencies This causes errors when applying the frequency dependent dispersion transfer function to the transformed data The Hanning window has the form u t 1 cos at T O lt t lt T 10 The windowing operation reduces the total energy in the time series so each element is multiplied by the scale factor SF where SF 873 11 to obtain the correct magnitudes in later spectral estimates Finally each element in the time series is multiplied by the factor 6894
136. g prompt is No 26plus started logging 10 seconds after receipt of Start e waiting to start at if use start time in SetSampling prompt is Yes 26plus waits to start logging at time set with SetStartTime 33 Display operating status and setup parameters Equivalent to Status menu List below includes where applicable command used to modify parameter e Firmware version serial number date and time SetTime or DateTime e User input description UserInfo e Pressure sensor type quartz or strain gauge serial number and full scale range e Enable high accuracy external thermistor ExternalTemperature e Enable conductivity sensor Conductivity e Main operating current main and back up lithium battery voltages e Last measured pressure psia and temperature C calculated salinity only if conductivity enabled psu e Wave and tide sampling setup SetSampling Interval between tide samples and tide sample duration Interval between wave bursts Number of wave measurements burst wave sampling frequency and calculated wave sampling duration Start time for logging if enabled Stop time for logging if enabled e Calculated number of tide samples day based on SetSampling e Calculated number of wave bursts day based on SetSampling e Calculated memory endurance based on SetSampling e Calculated battery endurance based on SetSampling e Number of tide measurements in memo
137. ging at this date and time if Use stop time in SetSampling prompt is Yes 42 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Logging Commands continued Example 1 Start and stop logging on command user input in bold S gt SETSAMPLING Respond to prompts changing tide and wave sampling setup as desired use start time y n y new value n use stop time y n y new value n S gt START Logging will start in 10 seconds If TxTide Y tide data displays on screen If TxWave Y wave data displays on screen If TXWAVESTATS prompt in SetSampling command is Y real time wave statistics display on screen See Programming for Deployment SeatermW for a description of screen displays while logging To stop logging press Enter key several times to get S gt prompt S gt STOP Example 2 Program 26plus to start logging on 20 May 2006 12 35 00 and stop logging on 21 May 2006 12 35 00 user input in bold S gt SETSAMPLING Respond to prompts changing tide and wave sampling setup as desired use start time y n n new value y use stop time y n n new value y S gt SETSTARTTIME Set time to start logging Month 1 12 5 Day 1 31 20 Year 4 digits 2006 Hour 0 23 12 Minute 0 59 35 Second 0 59 0 S gt SETSTOPTIME Set time to stop logging Month 1 12 5 Day 1 31 21 Year 4 digits 2006 Hour 0 23 12 Minute 0 59 35
138. h the large pin pin 1 ground on the 26plus OR MCBH Connector Install the cable aligning the pins D Connect the I O cable connector to your computer s serial port 2 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select SeatermW The main screen looks like this zel SeatermW o x Fie Connect Configure Status Coefficients DateTime Upload Capture Stop Diagnostic Help Command Data Echo Area Status bar Computer Comm Status Ready port general Uploading communication Finished Aer ra a insi t baud rate data bits Upload etc uploading data nstumen stop bits and parity 5BE26plus com 9600 8 1 N Not e Menus Contains tasks and frequently executed instrument ote O h id redahd commands na eee sues ae oe Ar e Command Data Echo Area Echoes a command executed using a to update the Status bar click Menu as well as the 26plus response Additionally a command can Status SeatermW sends the status be manually typed in this area from the available commands for the command DS which displays in 26plus The 26plus must be awake for it to respond to a command the Command Data Echo Area and use Connect to wake up the 26plus updates the Status bar e Status bar Provides status information 26 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Following is a description of the menus Note Menu Description Equivalent You must be connect
139. hest 1 3 of the captured waves and averaging their periods The parameters H and H 9 are similarly defined as the average height of the highest 10 and 1 percent of the captured waves respectively 134 Appendix VII Pressure to Depth Conversion Appendix VII Pressure to Depth Conversion Force is mass acceleration units are Newtons N N Kg m sec Density p is mass volume units are Kg m This is the in situ value and is approximately 1025 Kg m at the surface Specific weight W is weight volume units are N m W p g where g local gravity m sec Hydrostatic equation P Pam W z Pam atmospheric pressure in Pascals N m p total pressure in Pascals N m7 W is average density times gravity N m z depth m Conversions 1 Pascal 10 decibars 1 psi 0 6894757 decibars Example average density 1025 kg m average gravity 9 8 m sec pressure reading 6000 decibars 6 x 10 7 Pascals atmospheric pressure 14 7 psia 1 013529 x 10 Pascals W 1025 9 8 10045 N m 6x 107 1 013529 x 10 10045 z z 5 989865 x 10 10045 5963 031 meters 135 Appendix VIII References Appendix VIII References Textbooks Bendat J S and A G Piersol 1986 Random Data Analysis and Measurement Procedures 2 edition Wiley NewYork ISBN 0 471 04000 2 Bevington P R 1969 Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sc
140. high quality data Sea Bird recommends the following to allow querying the 26plus during logging without interrupting measurements e Set sampling parameters with enough time between measurements and Schedule time queries when the 26plus is not measuring tides of concern only for 26plus with Strain Gauge pressure sensor or waves Input commands in upper or lower case letters and register commands by pressing the Enter key The 26plus sends CMD ifan invalid command is entered If the 26plus does not return an S gt prompt after executing a command press the Enter key to get the S gt prompt If a new command is not received within 2 minutes after completion of a command the 26plus returns to quiescent sleep state and the display indicates time out If in quiescent state re establish communications by clicking Connect or pressing the Enter key to get an S gt prompt The 26plus cannot have samples with different tide sample scan lengths more or fewer data fields per sample in memory If the scan length is changed the 26plus must initialize logging Initializing logging sets the tide sample number and wave sample number to 0 so the entire memory is available for recording data with the new scan length Initializing logging should only be performed after all previous data has been uploaded Conductivity which enables disables acquisition and storing of optional conductivity data changes the scan length Therefore
141. id style solid dotted or dashed line and whether to place Grid in front of plotted data Select Add file name to title to add Grid lines Horizontal and Vertical Symbol lotting as frequency Inside Background Color defines color Grid style Thin Solid Line T Grid in front 0 least frequent within axes Outside Background Color 9 most frequent defines color outside axes if Monochrome plot Inside Background Color Outside Background Color selected If too frequent symbols create illusion of very thick line for each variable if Monochrome plot or ymbol size smal Symbol frequency E making details difficult Size small medium large of symbol Plot symbols only selected to see Monochrome plot Substitute black Monochrome plot Plot symbols only JV Show line legends lines with symbols for colors colors and symbols defined on Axis tabs T Mark data points T Show plot shadow e Mark data points Mark Allows you to set up axes with colors each individual data point for viewing on screen and then with a dot and connect switch to black lines with symbols for Auto range padding 5 Process Opfions dots If not selected Plot black and white printing Data just draws a Plot symbols only Mark each continuous line between individual data point with a symbol data points and do not connect symbols with a Show plot shadow Create line symbols defined on Axis tabs shadow effect to
142. ide samples The wave measurement will have minimal effect on power and memory consumption allowing you to maximize the number of tide samples Using SBE 26plus as a Wave Recorder Note It is not possible to completely eliminate tide measurements in the 26plus If you are not interested in tide data the SBE 26plus can be set up to minimize the number of tide measurements Respond to the prompts in the SetSampling command as follows e tide interval integer minutes Set to the interval at which you want to take wave bursts e tide measurement duration Set to 10 sec which is the smallest allowable number e Measure wave burst after every N tide samples Set to 1 e Remaining parameters Set as desired With this sampling scheme the 26plus will do a tide measurement lasting for 10 seconds each time it does a wave burst The tide measurement will have minimal effect on power and memory consumption allowing you to maximize the number of wave bursts 49 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Setting Time in SBE 26pl us to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Instruments If you are running software on your computer that provides the computer Note with an accurate real time stamp the DateTime menu in SeatermW allows Software to provide accurate time you to set the date and time in the SBE 26plus to an accuracy of 25 msec of on your computer is not supplied the time provided by the t
143. iences McGraw Hill New York Freund J E 1962 Mathematical Statistics Prentice Hall EngleWood Cliffs N J LeBlond P H and L A Mysak 1978 Waves in the Ocean Elsevier Amsterdam ISBN 0 444 41602 1 Neumann and Pierson 1966 Principles of Physical Oceanography Prentice Hall EngleWood Cliffs N J Pond and Picard 1983 Introductory Dynamical Oceanography 2nd Ed Pergamon Press New York ISBN 0 08 028728 X Press W H et al 1986 Numerical Recipes Cambridge University Press New York Reports Earle M D and J M Bishop 1984 A Practical Guide to Ocean Wave Measurement and Analysis Published by ENDECO Inc Marion MA Handbook on Wave Analysis and Forecasting 1976 World Meteorological Organization Geneva ISBN 92 63 10446 8 Knowles C E 1981 Estimation of surface gravity waves from subsurface pressure records for estuarine basins UNC Sea Grant College Publication UNC SG WP 81 6 Morang A 1990 Quality Control and Management of Oceanographic Wave Gauge Data Instruction Report CERC 90 1 Department of the Army Waterways Experiment Station Corps of Engineers Vicksburg Mississippi Scientific Publications Bergan A O A Torum and A Tratteberg 1968 Wave measurements by pressure type wave gauge Proc 1th Coastal Eng Conf ASCE 1 19 29 Bishop C T and M A Donelan 1987 Measuring waves with pressure transducers Coastal Eng 11 309 328 Forristall G Z 1982 Subsurface Wave Measuri
144. ifferent ini file commands in Save As to save updated ini file settings SeatermW Open Saves Help Cancel Make desired changes Click OK to return to Convert Hex to Wave and A ET m Conductivity Calibration Coefficients Tide dialog box Note Each time you save the ini file Convert Hex copies it to CNVHex ini in your Windows directory You can 3 Click Convert File to process the data The Status bar at the bottom of the copy and rename the ini file if desired dialog box shows the progress of the calculations when completed the to save the slope and offset entered for a particular instrument Next time you open Convert Hex it automatically opens CNVHex ini you can select a different ini file if desired Status bar shows Finished conversion e If you have a hex file with multiple logging sessions and did not run Extract Tide Convert Hex provides the following error message Can not process a file with multiple tide records run EXTRACTTIDE EXE to separate the records Run Extract Tide and then run Convert Hex for each of the files created by Extract Tide 56 Section 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure Section 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure Merge Barometric Pressure reads in a tide tid file created with Convert Hex and a barometric pressure bp file and subtracts barometric pressure
145. imately 1 hour and cannot be interrupted once it has started Send FlashInit after uploading all data if there are FLASH Read errors in Status DS response If not encountering errors use of command is optional as 26plus writes over previously recorded information when InitLogging is used before beginning sampling However knowledge of initial memory contents i e all 1 s can be a useful cross check when data is retrieved Display number of good blocks in FLASH memory should be 2008 to 2048 blocks with each block 16K bytes If number of good blocks not in this range consult factory Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Calibration Coefficients Commands Raed shown are when DC Display calibration coefficients Examples calibrations were performed are shown for 26plus with quartz pressure Calibration coefficients are sensor and strain gauge pressure sensor initially factory set and should agree with Calibration Example 26plus with Paroscientific Digiquartz sensor user input in bold Certificates shipped with 26plus S gt DC Pressure coefficients 15 apr 2004 indivi comman low See individual commands belo E AS to modify calibration coefficients ese Zn Y1 3 912547e 03 e Calibration coefficients are Y2 1 192010e 04 applied to the raw data to output Y3 0 000000e 00 real time and queried SL SLO C1 6 273148e 03 and some testing commands C2 1 688132
146. ime tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time flag beginning of wave burst time of beginning of wave burst number of samples in burst pressure temperature compensation number number of samples in burst wave burst pressure data wave burst pressure data wave burst pressure data flag end of wave burst tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time flag beginning of wave burst e Beginning lines flags header Header lines contain in order gt Input file name gt Software version used to upload the data gt 26plus response to status DS command gt 26plus response to calibration coefficients DC command e Following lines Data follows with each line followed by a carriage return and line feed Data is described below 100 Appendix Ill Data Formats Setup Parameters and Tide Data with Quartz Pressure Data lines after the S gt DD is described below Tide Line 26plus without Conductivity all flags and tide data are 9 bytes 18 Hex characters 26plus with Conductivity all flags and tide data are 12 bytes 24 Hex characters FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF Flag start of tide samples so there are 3 tide records lines 5 to 7 before wave burst flag 1 FFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF Flag start of setup pa
147. imekeeping software This may be useful if you plan by Sea Bird to deploy several instruments and want to coordinate sampling so that each 26plus measures tides and waves on exactly the same schedule Coordinating sampling can be accomplished by e Setting the time in each instrument accurately using the DateTime menu e Setting up each instrument to sample at the same intervals and durations and Setting up each instrument to start sampling at a delayed date and time using the same start date and time for each instrument Set accurate time and coordinate sampling as follows 1 In SeatermW click DateTime The following dialog box appears Click to set date and time to UTC time Greenwich Mean Time mine k SeatermW sends DateTime command to 26plus Set Local Time Click to set date and time to local n time SeatermW sends DateTime Waiting for user selection command to 26plus Exit Help Click Exit to return to SeatermW main window Click the desired time setting UTC or local time SeatermW sends the DateTime command to the 26plus using the computer date and time Click Exit 2 If desired set up the 26plus to start logging at some time in the future allowing you to coordinate sampling to begin in multiple instruments at the same time e Send the SetStartTime command to the 26plus The 26plus prompts you to enter the desired start date and time e Send the SetSampling command Set
148. initialize logging until all data has been uploaded InitLogging does not delete data it resets the data pointer If you accidentally initialize logging before uploading recover data as follows For Standard ASCII Upload 1 Set TideCount a where a is your estimate of number of tide samples in memory 2 Upload data If a is more than actual number of tide samples data for non existent samples will be bad random data Review uploaded data carefully and delete any bad data 3 If desired increase a and upload data again to see if there is additional valid data in memory For Binary Upload 1 Set ByteCount a where a is your estimate of number of bytes in memory 2 Upload data If a is more than actual number of bytes data for non existent samples will be bad random data Review uploaded data carefully and delete any bad data 3 If desired increase a and upload data again to see if there is additional valid data in memory Initialize Logging Reset Memory Commands InitLogging Initialize logging after all previous data has been uploaded initialize logging before starting to sample again to make entire memory available for recording InitLogging sets tide sample number and wave sample number to 0 internally If not set to 0 data will be stored after last recorded sample Do not send InitLogging until all existing data has been uploaded The following two commands are typically used only if
149. ird recommends that drift corrections be made by assuming no offset error unless there is strong evidence to the contrary or a special need The most important determinant of long term sensor accuracy is the cleanliness of the cell We recommend that the conductivity sensors be calibrated before and after deployment but particularly when the cell has been exposed to contamination by oil slicks or biological material 83 Section 11 Troubleshootin Section 11 Troubleshooting This section reviews common problems in operating the SBE 26plus and provides the most common causes and solutions Problem 1 Unable to Communicate with SBE 26p us The S gt prompt indicates that communications between the SBE 26plus and computer have been established Before proceeding with troubleshooting attempt to establish communications again by clicking Connect in SeatermW or hitting the Enter key several times Cause Solution 1 The I O cable connection may be loose Check the cabling between the 26p us and computer for a loose connection Cause Solution 2 The instrument Comm port and or baud rate may not have been entered correctly in SeatermW Click Configure and verify the settings Cause Solution 3 The I O cable may not be the correct one The I O cable supplied with the 26plus permits connection to the DB 9P input connector on a standard RS 232 interface e 26plus Pin 1 large pin on standard connector goes to DB 9 pin 5 ground e
150. irectory data SBE26 DATA Directory and file names for input Input files 2 selected data files tid wb was wts and Select or wt files All files must be in s same directory and have same name before extension Select to f pick different files Output directory Ic Documents and Settings dbresko My Documents Select Name append Default directory and file name can be changed while viewing plot for outputting graphic file in wmf jpg or omp format Default file name is set to match input file Not processing name with additional characters added before extension in order listed below e Name append to allow user to add descriptive information to file name e Plot type as for Auto Spectrum tts for Tide Time Series ws for Wave Statistics or wts for Wave Time Series e Wave burst number for types that have a plot for each wave burst For example if processing X tid X wb X was X wts and X wt with a Name Append of Color and outputting jpg files output file names are XColorAs 0 jpg XColorAs 1 jpg etc Auto Spectrum 1 file for each selected wave burst XColorTts jpg Tide Time Series XColorWs jpg Wave Statistics XColorWts 0 jpg XColorWts 1 jpg etc Wave Time Series 1 file for each selected wave burst Start Process Exit Cancel Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did
151. ires verification when Conductivity is sent the 26p us responds this command will change the scan length and initialize FLASH memory Proceed Y N Press Y and the Enter key to proceed DateTime x Baud x ExternalTemperature x Conductivity x UserInfo x 35 x real time clock date and time mmddyyyyhhmmss Command is sent automatically when using SeatermW s DateTime menu DateTime menu provides greater accuracy in setting time than can be achieved with SetTime this may be important for synchronizing sampling among multiple instruments See Setting Time in SBE 26plus to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Instruments x baud rate for general communication 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 or 38400 Default 9600 x Y 26plus has optional high accuracy external thermistor x N 26plus has standard internal thermistor Default x Y Enable conductivity logging if 26plus has optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor x N Disable conductivity logging x user defined string that displays in status DS reply Up to 59 characters including spaces 26plus drops any characters after 59 No carriage returns allowed Allows user to include information describing deployment conditions etc as permanent part of data set because DS reply is included in uploaded hex file when SeatermW s Upload is used to upload data see Uploading Data from Memory Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Up
152. is does not stop logging use Stop command to stop logging several times DS status DC calibration coefficients Perform diagnostic tests on 26plus Tests DDO0 10 upload and display tide samples Diagnostic are non destructive they do not write Ee 0 10 along with wave over any existing settings burst data logged during that period of time FR display frequencies See Command Descriptions in this section Note 3 Click Configure The dialog box looks like this SeatermW s general Verify modify the parameters in the Configuration dialog box Click OK communication baud rate must be the same as the 26plus baud rate set with Baud Baud is factory set to 9600 but can be changed by the user see No effect on general communication When ready to upload see Uploading Data from Memory SeatermW Confi Select 26plus iguration SBE 26 Binary upload SBE 26plus SBE 53BPR Baud rate for general communication Computer Command Descriptions Comm port for omm Port Baud Rate Upload Baud Rate between computer and Other communication icati yl 26plus f communication COME bi 3600 7 32400 x Upload baud parameters 8 data bits with 26plus matches communication baud Help Cancel unless binary upload is selected 1 stop bit and no parity cannot be changed 27 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup
153. istics 128 30 7 159 sec lt tide interval tide duration 20 sec 900 300 20 580 sec 92 Time Time Begin End Wave End Wave Time Stamp Begin P for End P for BeginT amp C EndT amp C Stamp Wave Burst amp Begin Statistic for Tide Tide for Tide for Tide for Wave Burst Wave Statistic Calculation Tide Burst Calculation 12 00 00 1 1 5 z z F 12 05 00 1 1 12 05 02 a 1 E z z 12 15 00 2 2 z A J 12 20 00 2 2 gt p 12 20 02 2 1 1 z 12 22 10 7 E a z 1 12 22 41 7 Z a 3 1 12 30 00 3 3 s p 7 12 35 00 3 3 7 z z 12 35 02 7 3 2 z z z 12 45 00 4 4 2 E 7 7 12 50 00 4 4 z z a p 12 50 02 4 2 2 z a 12 52 10 S 2 gt z z 2 E 12 52 41 2 z R z T 2 Appendix Il Sample Timin Note As shown for this scheme the tide If tide duration lt tide interval 20 seconds and wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation gt tide interval tide duration 20 seconds Wave burst sampling is done during the applicable tide measurement and for that tide the tide duration is set to the tide interval 26plus does not go to sleep for that tide See Quartz Example 3 duration and T and C timing depend on whether a wave burst occurs during the ti
154. l x File Options Help File Setup Data Setup Units in input barometric pressure bp file V Convert Pressure to Water Depth psia or millibars Input Barometric Pressure Units Average Density nominal value 1028 kg m 3 ft 028 Gravity nominal value 9 8 m s 2 98 Average density and gravity value to use to calculate water depth Entries ignored if you do not select Convert Pressure to Water Depth File Setup tab shows Processing complete when done Return to SEASOFT tart Process a Cancel for Waves window e If Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit Note Merge Barometric Pressure adds descriptive headings to the pressure or depth temperature and optional conductivity and salinity columns The presence of headings in the tid file indicates that it has been processed by Merge Barometric Pressure See Appendix Ill Data Formats Make the desired selections and click Start Process to process the data 58 Section 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure Input Barometric Pressure File Format The required format for the input barometric pressure bp file is MM DD YY HH MM SS P M
155. les created where x is the number of logging sessions in the uploaded data Extract Tide creates a separate file for each time logging was started with 1 2 etc appended to the file name For example if there are 3 logging sessions recorded in Jan12 hex the output file names will be Jan12 1 hex Jan12 2 hex and Jan12 3 hex Run Convert Hex on each file created by Extract Tide 55 Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Convert Hex Note If the uploaded file includes data from Convert Hex converts uploaded hex hex data into separate wave wb and multiple logging sessions run Extract tide tid files with data in ASCII engineering units Convert Hex must be run Tide before you run Convert Hex before further processing by SEASOFT for Waves 1 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Convert Hex The dialog box looks like this hex file uploaded from 26plus memory or Convert Hex to Wave and Tide 0x output from Extract Tide Click Browse to search for file or type in path and file name r Input file C Documents and Settings Jan12 1 hex Browse A Output tide file C j 1 ti Desired path and file names for output tide em Documents and Settingan 21 tid tid and wave wb file Default paths and Cutout wave file C Documents and Settings Jan12 1 wb Coefficien file names are same as input hex file If desired type in path and file name to St
156. load SeatermW General Setup Commands continued Notes e SEASOFT for Waves data processing modules cannot process real time tide or wave data from the 26plus e TxWave Y does not control output of real time wave statistics To output real time wave statistics use SetSampling and respond to the TXWAVESTATS prompt with Y TxTide x TxWave x QS 36 x Y Transmit real time tide data while logging Does not affect storing data to memory 26plus transmits tide measurement start time pressure psia pressure temperature C and temperature C If Conductivity Y it also transmits conductivity S m and salinity psu x N Do not transmit real time tide data x Y Transmit real time wave data while logging Does not affect storing data to memory 26plus transmits wave burst start time pressure temperature frequency Quartz pressure or pressure temperature number Strain Gauge pressure and pressures psia x N Do not transmit real time wave data Quit session and place 26plus in quiescent sleep state Main power is turned off Memory retention is not affected S ection 5 SBE 26plus Setu Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Note Drawing is schematic only intended to define the sampling scheme terminology Wave and Tide Setup Command See Appendix Il Sample Timing for SetSampling Set sampling parameters 26plus displays timing details present value and ask
157. load data in binary at baud 1200 2400 Data Upload DBbaud b e 4800 9600 19200 28800 38400 57600 or 115200 from byte b to e First byte is 0 Can upload up to 500 000 bytes at one time ByteCount Display total number of bytes in memory Take 1 sample of pressure pressure TS temperature temperature and conductivity and output converted data Take 1 sample of pressure pressure TSR temperature temperature and conductivity and output raw data Sample temperature and output converted TT data 26plus runs continuously drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test Sample temperature and output raw data TTR 26plus runs continuously drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test Measure and output frequencies quartz pressure quartz pressure temperature and FR conductivity 26plus runs continuously drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test Measure and output e main battery voltage 11 18 e back up lithium battery voltage 4 8187 VR operating current mA 20 04 e ground voltage 26plus runs continuously drawing current Press Esc key or click Stop to stop test FlashInit ae bad blocks and erase FLASH memory estroying all data Display number of good blocks in FlashGood FLASH memory DC Display sensor calibration coefficients PCalDate S S pressure calibration date PU0 F F quartz pressure U0 PY1 F F quart
158. locking sleeve on the 26plus 3 pin bulkhead connector Use the technique described in Step for lubricating and burping a standard connector Optional Install the SBE 4M conductivity sensor A Mount the SBE 4M to the 26plus with the supplied mounting bracket positioning the SBE 4M connector towards the conductivity connector on the 26plus Connect the SBE 4M to the 26plus with the supplied cable using the technique described in Step 1 for lubricating and burping a standard connector and then installing the locking sleeve Remove the Tygon tubing that was looped end to end around the SBE 4M conductivity cell to keep the cell clean while stored See Application Note 70 Installing Anti Foulant Device Mount Kit on SBE 4 16 19 and 21 Conductivity Cells and Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device Optional Mount the 26p us in the Sea Bird mounting fixture A B Slide the mooring pin through the 26plus lift eye hole in the direction shown Install the retaining ring in the lift eye hole recess to hold the mooring pin to the 26p us Push part of the retaining ring into the recess and hold it in place with a small tool such as tweezers or small screwdriver Using another pair of tweezers work your way around the retaining ring pushing it into the recess Rotate the 26plus into the mounting fixture as shown Screw the mooring pin into the mounting fixture Screw mooring pin into mounting fixture Mooring pin
159. lpha significance 0 1 x 31 41 xX 10 85 20 0 05 20 0 95 Therefore the error bar is 0 637 lt G pp lt G pp lt 1 843 lt G gt This means that we can say with 90 certainty that the true value of G lies somewhere between 0 637 and 1 843 times the estimated value of Gpp When band averaging the value of the auto spectral estimate lies somewhere in the band averaged frequency band the error bars for the frequency are as wide as the band Band averaging is a trade off between vertical and horizontal error bars If you average a lot of bands you get a good estimate of the magnitude of a peak in Gp but there is a lot of uncertainty as to its precise frequency value If you band average only a few bands the frequency of a peak is precisely defined but there is a lot of uncertainty as to the value of G Sometimes a peak in the spectrum stands out from the background if there are few frequencies in the band but vanishes into the background as the number of frequencies averaged increases When this happens an understanding of the physical problem being investigated can help in deciding whether the peak is real or not Surface Wave Auto Spectral Density Function The one sided surface wave auto spectral density function for a frequency band centered at f is Gaa fb H fb Gpp fo m sec 25 The transfer function H f is used to convert the subsurface pressure to surface waves and is computed with
160. mber of points per wave burst 1024 sample period 1 00 sec sample minimum period 0 00 sec sample maximum period 1e 006 sec mean pressure 14 597 psia instrument depth 0 000 meters total water depth 0 000 meters hanning window cutoff 0 1000 auto spectrum 5 spectral estimates per band 102 bands calculated each band is 0 005 Hz wide Frequency span 0 003 to 0 496 Hz Is Setup OK The dialog box summarizes data from the input wb file and user inputs from the Data Setup tab and shows calculated values for density number of bands band width and frequency span Review the summary click Yes to process data 62 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Process Wave Burst Data Algorithm For each wave burst Process Wave Burst Data performs an auto spectrum analysis Reads burst into an array Removes mean saves mean value Uses mean value and average water temperature and average salinity input by user to compute density Removes trend Makes array a power of two Applies Hanning window to suppress side lobe leakage Adjusts scale factor to account for tapering by Hanning window Fast Fourier Transforms to create raw spectral estimates of subsurface pressure Computes maximum frequency to process Sets Fourier coefficients greater than maximum frequency or less than minimum frequency to 0 or if Use filter cutoff is selected applies a filter that ramps the Fo
161. ment Manual 120 Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device STORAGE AND DISPOSAL PESTICIDE STORAGE Store in original container in a cool dry place Prevent exposure to heat or flame Do not store near acids or oxidizers Keep container tightly closed PESTICIDE SPILL PROCEDURE In case of a spill absorb spills with absorbent material Put saturated absorbent material to a labeled container for treatment or disposal PESTICIDE DISPOSAL Pesticide that cannot be used according to label instructions must be disposed of according to Federal or approved State procedures under Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act CONTAINER DISPOSAL Dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by other approved State and Local procedures Sea Bird Electronics label revised 01 31 05 121 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Surface Gravity Waves Description Types of Waves and Restoring Forces The most characteristic physical feature of any kind of wave is the restoring force If a medium at rest such as still water is disturbed in some way by the wind for example or by dropping a rock into a pond the restoring force acts to return the medium to its initial still state Compressibility is the restoring force for sound waves Surface tension acts as the restoring force at any surface of contact between any two different fluids like air and water and produces very high frequen
162. mplitude m D density of water Kg m E W H 8 total wave energy per unit area J m7 f T wave frequency Hz cycles sec g 9 80665 acceleration of gravity m sec h water depth m H 2a wave height m k 2 n L wave number rad m L wave length m 0 phase angle radians Oo 2 n T radian frequency rad sec t time sec T wave period sec Tp total time of the wave burst series total sample period sec W D 8 specific weight of water Kg m sec Pa m x horizontal distance m Z instrument depth m Basic Linear Wave Description A traveling disturbance of the sea surface is commonly represented as a linear simple harmonic wave traveling in the x horizontal direction A x t a cos kx ot g 1 Mean water level Trough Seafloor Simple Harmonic Linear Wave Traveling on the Sea Surface 123 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Phase Angle The phase angle represents a shift of the wave relative to some reference time This is useful for describing the relationships between a group of waves of different frequencies When a time series is separated by spectral analysis methods into frequency components defined by 1 the two numbers that are computed for each frequency are amplitude a f phase o f The physical time lag associated with a given phase depends on the wave period T For example a ph
163. n 9 Data Plotting Plot Data Viewing and Outputting Plots ioj x Output Gptions view Weve Time Serles Piot 2124 00 21 2H WT Eurst 0 Start i 2 Feb 18008 08 11 20 4000 point T 1024 sec 0 04 Use View menu or dl Plot Setup tab appears Arrow Home or End keys to allowing you to make switch between plots for each changes and reprocess data Se M p oh i F n lei i T wad Wha La az k Lh wi noo rr i eS ae ee paama a details by clicking and a oe ee yy men dragging to select a 2 Double click on axis or axis label wave amplitude rectangular area time etc and appropriate Axis tab appears Plot Data zooms in on allowing you to make changes and reprocess data that area You can with new plotting parameters zoom in several times before reaching 0 04 selecting Undo Zoom in ee g S000 Fe Pave Noa Poe Fe Wee Fe ee o 10 500 ooo oo 200 1000 Time Seconds 0 03 The Plot Data View window s menus are described below Output Output the plot to printer clipboard or a file e Print Print the single plot that is displayed on screen In the dialog box select printer orientation color etc these selections override selections you made in Plot Data and in the Plot Data View Options menu e File Output to file the single plot that is displayed on screen in the selected format wmf jpg or bmp In the dialog box select the desired directory and output file name the
164. n the band 6f n T Band averaging is performed by adding up the total variance in a frequency band and dividing the sum by the width Hz of the frequency band 6f For positive frequencies less than the Nyquist the estimate of the one sided subsurface pressure auto spectral density function for a frequency band centered at f is nf 2 gt eal k 1 of lt G p fo gt Pa sec 23 Confidence Intervals Error Bars The properties of a real world random time series cannot be precisely determined from sample data Only estimates of the parameters of interest can be obtained The method for setting error bars on the estimates of the auto spectral density function lt G oe is related to the Chi Square distribution function X2 130 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics The confidence interval 1 a a is the significance for the true auto spectral value Gp based on an estimate lt G gt is given by na lt G p gt n a lt G p gt lt 0 ear 24 Xnga 2 Xngl a 2 where n 2 number of frequency bands averaged X n a percentage points Chi Square distribution with n degrees of freedom and significance a The Chi Square distribution is described completely in most statistics books for example J E Freund Mathematical Statistics 1962 Prentice Hall Inc For example if 10 frequencies are averaged per band and we wish to know the error bars corresponding to the 90 confidence interval n 20 a
165. ne also contains data for 2 wave measurements There are a total of for 2 wave measurements There are a total of wave samples burst 2 lines of wave pressure data wave samples burst 2 lines of wave pressure data Last FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF Flag end of wave burst FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFE Flag end of wave burst Note You must run ExtractTide exe data is separated into before Convert Hex if your uploaded hex file contains data from multiple logging sessions See Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Convert Hex converts the hex data to pressure in engineering units when the tide and wave burst files The wave burst data conversions are described below Pressure temperature compensation PTC pressure temperature compensation number 1000 Pressure P pressure number 8 Pressure temperature T PTempA0 PTempA1 PTC PTempA2 PTC X P PTCAO PTCAI T PTCA2 T N X PTCBO PTCBO PTCB1 T PTCB2 T pressure psia slope correction PAO PAI N PA2 N POffset offset correction where PAO PAI PA2 PTCAO PTCA1 PTCA2 PTCBO PTCB1 PTCB2 PTempA0 PTempA1 PTempA2 and POffset are entered in the 26plus EEPROM at the factory using the calibration coefficient commands and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC command response Slope and offset corre
166. next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 09185D37 is start time of tide conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091CcAFE7 measurement seconds since January 1 2000 is start time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 3F9BF36EC1000000091CB113 Tide record pressure 3FC3AE7940091B5E63 Tide record pressure temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3Fc3AEF is 3F9BF3 is pressure number next 2 bytes 6Ec1 is 6 pressure number next 2 bytes 7940 is temperature temperature number next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 0918563 is start time of tide conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091cB113 is start measurement seconds since January 1 2000 time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 3F9D136F47000000091CB23F Tide record pressure 3FC4F77981091B5F8F Tide record pressure temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3Fc4F7 is 3F9D13 is pressure number next 2 bytes 6F47 is 7 pressure number next 2 bytes 7981 is temperature temperature number next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 091B5F8F is start time of tide conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091cB23F is start measurement seconds since January 1 2000 time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wave burst 000000000000000000000000 Flag beginning of wav
167. ng Start Start logging now if use start time in SetSampling prompt is No or Start waiting to start logging if use start time in SetSampling is Yes Stop Stop logging now SetStartTime Set date and time to start logging At receipt of Start 26plus starts logging at this date and time if Use start time in SetSampling is Yes SetStopTime Set date and time to stop logging 26plus stops logging at this date and time if Use stop time in SetSampling is Yes 87 Appendix Command Summary Note Use the Upload menu to upload data that will be processed by SEASOFT for Waves Manually entering a data upload command does not produce data in the required format for processing by SEASOFT for Waves Diagnostic data from these tests not stored in FLASH memory Calibration Coefficients F floating point number S string with no spaces Dates shown are when calibrations were performed Coefficients are initially factory set and should agree with Calibration Certificates shipped with 26plus CATEGORY COMMAND DESCRIPTION Send pressure temperature and salinity from SL last tide measurement and do not go to sleep Send Last do not enter quiescent state Sample Send pressure temperature and salinity from SLO last tide measurement and go to sleep enter quiescent state Upload data in ASCII at baud set for general DD SE communication with Baud Up
168. ng the supplied software CD ROM 1 Inthe CD ROM drive double click on SeasoftWaves_V _ exe _ software version 2 Follow the dialog box directions to install the software The default location for the software is c Program Files Sea Bird SeasoftWaves Extract Tide When you install SEASOFT for Waves ExtractTide exe is automatically installed in the same location 17 Section 3 Software Installation and Use SEASOFT for Waves Use Start SEASOFT for Waves by double clicking on SeasoftWavesLaunch exe The main screen looks like this iol xi ZE Seasoft for Waves i Run Help 1 Plan Deployment 2 Battery and Memory Endurance 3 Seaterm 4 Convert HEX 5 Merge Barometric Pressure 6 Process Wave Burst Data 7 Create Reports 8 Plot Data Exit The Run menu lists each program module Type Module Name Module Description Calculate ratio of pressure amplitude measured by instrument to pressure Pre deployment Plan Deployment amplitude at surface Predict number of planning frequency bands calculated width of each See Section 4 band and frequency span Battery and Calculate nominal battery and Memory memory endurance for user specified Endurance sampling scheme Terminal program Send commands for status data acquisition SeatermW See Section 5 setup diagnostics and data upload Data conversion See Section 6 Convert Hex Convert uploaded data
169. ng Systems in Measuring Ocean Waves National Academy Press Washington D C pp 194 209 Grace R A 1970 How to measure waves Ocean Ind 5 2 65 69 Hom ma M K Horikawa and S Komori 1966 Response characteristics of underwater wave gauge Proc 10th Coastal Eng Conf ASCE 1 99 114 Michel W H 1968 Sea Spectra Simplified Marine Technology January 1968 17 30 Wang H D Lee and A Garcia 1986 Time series surface wave recovery from pressure gage Coastal Engineering 10 379 393 136 Appendix IX Replacement Parts Appendix IX Replacement Parts Part Number 22018 Part Batteries alkaline D cell Duracell MN1300 LR20 Application Description Power 26plus Quantity in 26plus 12 41124B Battery cover plate Retains alkaline D cell batteries 801575 Battery cover plate spacer Retains lithium DD cell batteries with buttons 50092 SBE 16 19 Jackscrew Kit For removing connector end cap 60021 Spare battery end cap hardware and o rings O rings and hardware including e 30145 Screw 6 32 x 1 2 Phillips head stainless steel secures battery cover plate to battery posts e 30242 Washer 6 flat stainless steel for screw 30145 e 30816 Parker 2 234E603 70 battery end cap to housing piston seal e 30090 Parker 2 153N674 70 battery end cap to housing face seal 50056 Spare parts kit Assorted hardware and o rings
170. nge 5 to 35 C Accuracy 0 01 C Resolution 0 001 C Calibration 1 to 32 C measurements outside this range may be at slightly reduced accuracy due to extrapolation errors Optional High Accuracy Temperature external thermistor Range 5 to 35 C Accuracy 0 002 C Resolution 0 0001 C Calibration 1 to 32 C measurements outside this range may be at slightly reduced accuracy due to extrapolation errors Conductivity optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor Range 0 0 to 7 S m 0 0003 S m month typical 0 001 S m month guaranteed not Accuracy applicable in areas of high bio fouling or contamination or if Application Note 2D procedures are not followed Resolution 0 00002 S m Calibration _ 2 6 to 6 S m plus zero conductivity air Stated values in mm for accuracy repeatability hysteresis and resolution are for 45 psia 20 m pressure sensor Scale for other ranges multiplying by actual sensor range in psia 45 psia 11 Section 2 Description of SBE 26plus Other Specifications Counter Time Base for conductivity Quartz pressure temperature amp Quartz wave burst data Quartz TCXO 1 ppm per year aging 15 ppm 20 to 70 C Clocks Real Time Clock for Quartz tide pressure data Quartz TCXO watch crystal type 32 768 Hz accuracy 2 ppm 5 seconds month Battery backed for minimum of 2 year operation without the main batteries installed
171. not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done e If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit 68 Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data Plot Setup Tab The Plot Setup tab defines the plot type data to be included and plot layout title color font grid lines etc The Plot Setup tab looks like this ln x ile Options Help Available selections dependent on input User input Plot title file types selected on File Setup tab User selected Title color File Setup Plot Setup x Axis Y Axis 1 Y Axis 2 e Wave Time Series e Tide Time Series input data file name to user input title Plot type gt e Auto Spectrum For example for a plot title Wave Time YPE Wave Time Seri e Wave Statistics Series with input file X wb if you select Add file name to title title is Plot title Wave Time Series Plot Wave Time Series X wb Title Color i IV Add file name to title Plot Font type and Font size small ont type i AaBbCcDdEeFf 012345 medium or large Plot Data displays Arial 5 AaBbCcDdEeFf 01 2345 example of font type to right of x selection List of fonts depends on what Font size Smal Grid lines none horizontal and vertical horizontal fonts are installed on your computer vertical Gr
172. ns a dhs Na 33 Using SBE 26plus as a Tide Recorder ceceecceesceeseesceesceeeeeeeeeseceseenseenaeeeeenes 49 Using SBE 26plus as a Wave Recorder ceccecseessessseeseeseeeeceeseceseensecsneeeeenes 49 Setting Time in SBE 26plus to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Instruments cccccesecssecscesseceeecseecseeeeeesseeeeeeeenseensecnaeesaecnaeeeeenes 50 Installing and Deploying SBE 26p1US ccceccccccessseesceesceeeceeeeesecnseensecseeeeeenes 51 Recovering SBE 26plus ccccccesccsseesseesseeseeeseeeseeeeceeecnseceseceseenseceaecnaeceeeaeeenes 52 Uploading Data from Memory csccesccesessseesseeseeeeceesceseenseenseensecnsecnaeeeeenes 53 Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex iciccscsiscicssccctecsesdessedacseesescdasacusacsecisasdascecdeasnadassocscasdaasseansonssaessues 55 Extract W1d6 s suse nica a rite tes eben dott Mehta ele hes et 55 Convert OX coves is e a e E E uresihte dees E O Ga 56 Table of Contents Section 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure 57 Input Barometric Pressure File Forimat eccceseeseeesceseeeseeeseceseeeeecseeeeeenes 59 Merge Barometric Pressure Algorithm cccecceeseeesceeeceeeceeceseceseeneeeaeeenes 59 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Cicate REPOrts scccccrsvesscsssonsscnsecessnssessssvaeovacsessoenssasssaedesseiesdsenssensacnosoassesssassoOO Process Wave Burst Data
173. nsense or Unreasonable Uploaded Data The symptom of this problem is an uploaded file that contains unreasonable values for example values that are outside the expected range of the data Cause Solution 1 An uploaded data file with unreasonable values for pressure temperature or optional conductivity may be caused by incorrect calibration coefficients in either of the following places e In the instrument EEPROM pressure temperature and conductivity sensor coefficients View the coefficients by sending DC in SeatermW If necessary modify calibration coefficient s by sending the appropriate coefficient command s see Command Descriptions in Section 5 SBE 53 Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW e In the instrument ini file pressure sensor slope and offset this offset is in addition to the offset programmed in the instrument EEPROM View modify the coefficients by clicking the Coefficients button in Convert Hex s dialog box Verify that the calibration coefficients match the instrument Calibration Certificates Problem 3 Nonsense or Unreasonable Real Time Data Note If real time or queried pressure values The symptom of this problem is real time data that contains unreasonable are unreasonable note that a pressure values for example values that are outside the expected range of the data slope and offset can be entered in Convert Hex s Coefficient Cause Solution 1 Real time data with unreas
174. o provide sampling parameters for that logging session 101 Appendix Ill Data Formats Note You must run ExtractTide exe before Convert Hex if your uploaded hex file contains data from multiple logging sessions See Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Convert Hex converts the hex data to pressure temperature optional conductivity and time in engineering units when the data is separated into tide and wave burst files The tide data conversions are described below pressure psia slope correction pressure number B M offset correction where e pressure number is the first 3 bytes 6 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal e slope and offset corrections are read from the Convert Hex calibration coefficients ini file Note that the pressure number already includes the effect of the offset entered in the 26plus EEPROM with the POffset command e Mand B are scaling parameters that depend on pressure sensor range They are calculated by the 26plus and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC response temperature C temperature number 1000 10 where e temperature number is the next 2 bytes 4 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal conductivity frequency Hz conductivity number 256 where e Conductivity number is the next 3 bytes 6 characters of the tide data con
175. odifying Cpcor confirm that the sensor behaves differently from pure borosilicate glass Sea Bird can test your cell and calculate Cpcor Alternatively test the cell by comparing computed salinity to the salinity of water samples from a range of depths calculated using an AutoSal Enter the value for slope default 1 0 in the SBE 26plus EEPROM to make small corrections for conductivity sensor drift between calibrations Corrected conductivity slope computed conductivity Note where See Application Note 31 for slope true conductivity span instrument conductivity span computation of slope correction coefficient from pre and post Conductivity Slope and Offset Correction Example cruise calibrations supplied oy At true conductivity 3 5 S m instrument reading 3 49965 S m Sea Bird or from salinity bottle samples taken at sea during profiling Calculating the slope Slope 3 5 3 49965 1 0001000100010001000100010001 The primary mechanism for calibration drift in conductivity sensors is the fouling of the cell by chemical or biological deposits Fouling changes the cell geometry resulting in a shift in cell constant slope of the calibration curve typically resulting in lower conductivity readings over time Offset error error at 0 S m is usually due to electronics drift and is typically less than 0 0001 S m per year Because offsets greater than 0 0002 S m are a symptom of sensor malfunction Sea B
176. of 500 000 bytes SeatermW converts the binary data back to ASCII and writes the data to the upload file The Status bar at the bottom of the SeatermW window displays the progress of the upload indicating the number of uploaded lines of data Type QS and press the Enter key to put the 26p us in quiescent sleep state until ready to redeploy Ensure all data has been uploaded by processing the data See Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex 54 Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex Section 6 Conversion into Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide and Convert Hex This section covers e Splitting uploaded data from multiple logging sessions into separate data files using ExtractTide exe e Converting uploaded hex hex data into separate wave data wb and tide data tid files with data in engineering units using Convert Hex in SEASOFT for Waves The data must be converted and split into separate wave and tide files before further processing by SEASOFT for Waves Extract Tide Note The SBE 26plus memory can hold data from multiple logging sessions Extract Tide is not accessed through Each time logging is started a beginning tide record is stored to designate the SEASOFT for Waves It is a separate program that is automatically installed start of the logging session If the uploaded file includes data from multiple when SEASOFT for
177. on of SBE 26plus Specifications Note The pressure sensor is mounted on the titanium connector end cap with the pressure conveyed from the pressure port to the sensor via an oil filled tube The pressure reading is position sensitive as a result of the oil pressure head Quartz Pressure standard 0 to 0 2 5 10 20 60 130 200 270 680 meters Hysteresis Range 15 23 30 45 100 200 300 400 1000 psia Accuracy 0 01 of full scale 3 mm for 45 psia 20 m range Repeatability 0 005 of full scale 1 5 mm for 45 psia 20 m range 0 005 of full scale 1 5 mm for 45 psia 20 m range Calibration 0 psia to full scale pressure Resolution Tide 0 2 mm for 1 minute integration 0 01 mm for 15 minute integration Wave 0 4 mm for 0 25 second integration 0 1 mm for 1 second integration Strain Gauge Pressure optional in place of Quartz pressure Hysteresis 0 to 20 100 350 600 meters Range 45 160 520 900 psia Accuracy 0 1 of full scale 30 mm for 45 psia 20 m range Repeatability 0 03 of full scale 9 mm for 45 psia range 0 03 of full scale 9 mm for 45 psia range Calibration 0 psia to full scale pressure Resolution Tide 0 2 mm for 1 minute integration 0 01 mm for 15 minute integration Wave 0 4 mm for 0 25 second integration 0 1 mm for 1 second integration Standard Temperature internal thermistor Ra
178. onable values for pressure Configuration dialog box to make temperature or optional conductivity and salinity may be caused by incorrect small post deployment corrections pressure temperature and conductivity calibration coefficients in the for Pressure sensor drint On ie i iew th fficients by sending DC in SeatermW uploaded data instrument EEPROM View t e coe y si g Seate verify that the calibration coefficients match the instrument Calibration Certificates If necessary modify calibration coefficient s by sending the appropriate coefficient command s see Command Descriptions in Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW 85 Glossar Glossary Battery and Memory Endurance SEASOFT for Waves module for calculating power endurance and memory endurance for a user specified sampling scheme Convert Hex SEASOFT for Waves module for converting uploaded hex file into separate wave wb and tide tid files Create Reports SEASOFT for Waves module for outputting one line of surface wave time series and or wave burst auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst Extract Tide Program to split uploaded data from multiple deployments into separate files before converting and processing the data ExtractTide exe is not incorporated in SEASOFT for Waves Run menu but is automatically installed when you install SEASOFT for Waves in the same directory as SEASOFT for Wa
179. onvert barometer reading to psia using relationship mbar 0 01 dbar mbar 1 psia 0 689476 dbar psia Barometer reading 1010 50 mbar 0 01 0 689476 14 66 psia Offset 14 66 14 06 0 60 psia Enter offset in Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box 81 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Calculating Slope and Offset using a Dead Weight Pressure Generator Tests show that room temperature derived slope and offset corrections to the initial quartz calibration can account for long term drift to within less than 0 01 of the sensor s full scale range To perform this correction 1 Use a suitable dead weight pressure generator to subject the sensor to increments of known pressures The end cap s 5 16 24 straight thread permits mechanical connection to a pressure source Use a fitting that has an o ring face seal such as Swagelok 200 1 OR See Application Note 12 1 Pressure Port Oil Refill Procedure amp Nylon Capillary Fitting Replacement 2 In SeatermW connect to the 26plus 3 Quartz pressure sensor Send FR to display the pressure and pressure sensor temperature compensation frequencies Click Stop to end the test Compute pressure in psia from the frequencies with the formula shown on the calibration sheet 4 Strain Gauge pressure sensor Send TS a number of times to measure pressure as well as pressure temperature and optional conductivity and transmit converted data in engin
180. ows transmit real time tide data YES real time tide data was enabled with TxTide Y Tide start time 21 Nov 2004 13 40 01 p 14 2135 tide duration is 10 minutes pt 21 952 t 21 0250 c 4 81952 s 34 3799 the first tide data displays where 10 minutes after logging starts start time start of tide measurement p calculated and stored pressure psia pt calculated pressure temperature not stored C t calculated and stored temperature C c calculated and stored conductivity S m and s calculated salinity not stored psu Note that c and s display only if DS response shows conductivity YES conductivity acquisition was enabled with Conductivity Y Note Each tide measurement record displays after the tide duration is complete For example if the 97 Appendix Ill Data Formats Each time a wave measurement is made the display looks like this if the DS response shows transmit real time wave burst data YES real time wave data transmission was enabled with TxWave Y wave start time 21 Nov 2004 13 43 13 wave ptfreq 172046 343 or wave ptRaw 1 278 14 5599 14 5598 14 5597 14 5598 wave end wave burst where e start time start of wave measurement e ptfreq pressure temperature frequency Hz displays only for 26p us with Quartz pressure sensor e ptRaw calculated pressure temperature number displays only for 26p us with Strain Gauge pressure sensor e R
181. put was file contains wave burst auto spectrum statistics these files are created in Process Wave Burst Data The output r26 file format is user defined and can contain one or more of the following variables Variable Column Label time time burst number burst pressure sensor depth depth number of waves nwaves variance var wts From Surface Wave Energy energy wts Time Series Statistics average wave height avgheight wts File average wave period avgper maximum wave height maxheight significant wave height swh wts significant wave period swp wts H 710 H1 10 Hee H1 100 From Wave Burst variance var was Auto Spectrum _ lt nerey __ energy was Statistics was File significant wave height swh was significant wave period swp was 64 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Proceed as follows 1 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Create Reports The File Setup tab looks like this File to store all information input in File PAMALE TAS ioj x Setup and Data Setup tabs Open to select a different psa file Save or Save As to save current settings or Restore File Setup Data Setup to reset all settings to match last saved version As a default psa file is Rragram setup file stored in same directory as SeasoftWavesLaunch exe I data SBE 26 DATA CreateRepotts psa default is c Program Files Sea Bird Se
182. quencies up to 0 36 Hz period 1 0 36 2 8 seconds You plan to sample waves 4 times per second wave sample duration 0 25 seconds with 1024 samples per wave burst and to process data with 10 spectral estimates band Can you place the 26plus at 1 meter above the bottom and accomplish your goals Running Plan Deployment with the above parameters the Frequency Span is 0 0215 to 0 3340 Hz Since 0 334 lt 0 37 you cannot accomplish your goals Iterating on a solution by changing the instrument height in Plan Deployment you find that placing the 26plus at 2 5 meters above bottom will allow you to measure the desired frequencies Alternatively you could consider modifying other sampling parameters while maintaining the instrument height 127 Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics Wave Processing Steps To compute surface wave energy spectra and statistics the frequency dependent attenuation must first be removed from the subsurface pressure data Fourier analysis techniques are used to decompose the subsurface time series into a group of linear wave components each with a distinct frequency amplitude and phase Initial Processing of Pressure Data First the wave burst data is read into an array The mean is computed and then the mean and trend are removed from the array A trend is expected in the wave data due to tides and other low frequency waves If these trends are not removed distortions can occur in the processin
183. rameters setup parameters 091CB0510000000000 First 5 bytes is start time 091B5BA70000000000000000 First 5 bytes is start time 2 seconds since January 1 2000 of integration of first seconds since January 1 2000 of integration of first tide sample Remaining bytes are 0 s tide sample Remaining bytes are 0 s 012c00010000000000 First 2 bytes 012c is tide 012c00010000000000000000 First 2 bytes 012C is 3 sample interval seconds next 2 bytes 0001 is tide sample interval seconds next 2 bytes 0001 is number of 0 25 second periods to integrate wave number of 0 25 second periods to integrate wave samples Remaining bytes are 0 s samples Remaining bytes are 0 s FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF Flag end of 4 PFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF Flag end of setup parameters setup parameters 3FF42973A0000000091B5Ba7 Tide record pressure 3FB78A6CA4091CB051 Tide record pressure temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3FB78a is 3FF429 is pressure number next 2 bytes 73a0 is 5 pressure number next 2 bytes 6ca4 is temperature temperature number next 3 bytes 000000 is number and last 4 bytes 091cB051 is start time of tide conductivity number and last 4 bytes 091B5BA7 measurement seconds since January 1 2000 is start time of tide measurement seconds since January 1 2000 3FF59573D6000000091B5cpD3 Tide record pressure 3FB7DE6CEBO91CB17D Tide record pressur
184. re in case you have difficulty with the procedure Tf you have a bell jar use it to de gas the oil in the oil refill kit Pressure cover 1 Securely mount the 26plus vertically connector end cap up Lifting eye 2 Remove the 3 Phillips head screws attaching the pressure tube guard to the lifting eye Remove the pressure tube guard and the pressure cover that is under it Pressure 7 tube guar Pressure bag 3 Remove the fitting from the end cap with a 9 16 inch wrench Discard the fitting tubing and pressure bag 77 Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration CAUTION 4 Clean the pressure bag cavity in the lift eye and the removed pressure Do not put a brush or any object in the tube guard and pressure cover removing all residue grit Ensure that pressure port Doing so may damage or the holes in each corner of the pressure bag cavity in the lift eye are break the pressure sensor free of obstructions 5 Clean the sensor end cap being careful to remove any residue grit near the pressure port 6 From the 50025 pressure sensor oil refill kit fill the small syringe Meniscus with the supplied oil Fill the pressure port forming a meniscus on the surface of the end cap Keep the SBE 26plus in the vertical position for at least 30 minutes before proceeding to allow any bubbles in the internal plumbing to rise to the surface Add oil from the small syringe as necessary to maintain the meniscus
185. re sensor deg C 15 0 average salinity above the pressure sensor PSU 35 0 height of pressure sensor from bottom meters 0 0 number of spectral estimates for each frequency band 5 minimum allowable attenuation 0 0025 minimum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 0 0e 00 maximum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 1 0e 06 hanning window cutoff 0 10 show progress messages 3 You must send Start to start logging at programmed start time After you send Start status line should show status waiting to start at 29 Jan 2006 00 00 00 34 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW General Setup Commands SetTime Set real time clock date and time 26plus prompts for desired date and time Example Set current date and time to 31 January 2006 12 35 00 user input in bold S gt SETTIME set current time month 1 12 1 day 1 31 31 year 4 digits 2006 hour 0 23 minute 0 59 second 0 59 Note The 26plus baud rate for general communication set with Baud must be the same as SeatermW s baud rate set in the Configure menu Note When Conductivity is sent the 26plus must initialize logging setting tide and wave sample numbers to 0 so the entire memory is available for recording data with the new scan length This should only be done after all previous data has been uploaded Therefore the 26plus requ
186. red number is not multiple of 4 26plus rounds down to make it multiple of 4 Range 4 60 000 To calculate wave statistics on uploaded data Sea Bird recommends following for meaningful valid results wave samples burst gt 512 and wave samples burst power of 2 512 1024 etc wave sample duration 0 25 0 5 0 75 1 0 seconds 1 new value This parameter can be used to reduce wave burst sampling rate and increase integration time per measurement 37 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Notes e Wave statistics can also be calculated on uploaded data using the Process Wave Burst Data module in SEASOFT for Waves The real time wave statistics parameter values entered with SetSampling are not used in Process Wave Burst Data See Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports and Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics for details on wave statistic input parameters and calculations Wave and Tide Setup Command continued use start time y n n new value If yes 26plus responds to Start by starting logging at date and time set with SetStartime If no 26plus starts logging 10 seconds after Start is sent use stop time y n n new value If yes 26plus stops logging at date and time set with SetStopTime If no 26plus continues logging until Stop is sent TXWAVESTATS real time wave statistics y n n new value
187. ressure temperature and time 000000000000000000 flag beginning of wave burst 99 Note If you uploaded data in binary SeatermW sent DBbaud b e instead of DD However the uploaded hex file always shows the DD command so the file looks exactly the same regardless of whether ASCII or binary upload was used Appendix Ill Data Formats The beginning of a sample hex file for a 26plus with Quartz pressure sensor and with conductivity follows beginning of file with DS and DC response same as shown above except DS response shows conductivity YES the calculated memory endurance and battery endurance in DS response is reduced and DC response shows conductivity coefficients in addition to pressure and temperature coefficients S gt DD FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF 091B5BA70000000000000000 012C00010000000000000000 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF 3FF42973A0000000091B5BA7 3FF59573D6000000091B5CD3 3FF674740E000000091B5DFF 000000000000000000000000 091B5E790200000000000000 029B92F40000000000000000 87CAA787CAAL 87CA9387CAA1 FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF 3FF71C743F000000091B5F2B 3FF8F77472000000091B6057 3FF9BB74A6000000091B6183 000000000000000000000000 flag beginning of tide parameters time of beginning of first tide sample tide sample interval wave integration period flag end of tide parameters tide data pressure temperature conductivity and time tide data pressure temperature conductivity and t
188. revent condensation To ensure proper functioning 1 Install a new desiccant bag each time you open the electronics chamber If a new bag is not available see Application Note 71 Desiccant Use and Regeneration drying If possible dry gas backfill each time you open the housing If you cannot wait at least 24 hours before redeploying to allow the desiccant to remove any moisture from the housing Note that opening the battery compartment does not affect desiccation of the electronics Remove any water from the O ring and mating surfaces with a lint free cloth or tissue Inspect the O ring and mating surfaces for dirt nicks and cuts Clean or replace as necessary Apply a light coat of O ring lubricant Parker Super O Lube to O ring and mating surfaces Reconnect the Molex connector to the PCB assembly Verify the connector holds and pins are properly aligned Carefully fit the PCB assembly into the housing aligning the holes in the end cap and housing Reinstall the 4 hex head screws to secure the end cap to the housing Reinstall the 3 plastic hex head screws in the end cap Establish communications with the 26plus see Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW for details Reset the date and time SetTime and initialize logging InitLogging before redeploying No other parameters should have been affected by electronics disassembly send DS to verify 117 Appendix V AF2417
189. ry e Number of wave bursts in memory e Number of tide measurements since logging was last started e Number of wave bursts since logging was last started e Transmit real time tide data TxTide e Transmit real time wave data TxWave e Transmit real time wave statistics SetSampling If yes real time wave statistic settings entered with SetSampling display e Logging status is one of following never started waiting to start at logging started stop out of memory stop low battery stop time reached stopped by user unknown e Logging is one of following NO send start command to begin logging if Start has not been sent YES if Start has been sent and 26plus is currently logging YES waiting to start if Start has been sent but 26plus is programmed to start logging at a future date time Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Status Command continued Example user input in bold parameter used to change value in parentheses S gt DS SBE 26plus V 6 1lc SN 12345 10 Dec 2006 13 35 13 SetTime or DateTime user info test setup UserInfo quartz pressure sensor serial number 90319 range 1000 psia internal temperature sensor ExternalTemperature conductivity NO Conductivity iop 6 0 ma vmain 15 3 V vlith 9 3 V last sample p 14 3727 t 2 924 tide measurement interval 60 000 minutes duration 120 seconds SetSampling measure wav
190. s Major j Auto divisions Plot Data selects number of major Minor fi divisions on axis and number of minor divisions between major divisions User selects axis Minimum and Maximum values Any values that fall outside user selected Minimum to Maximum Start Process Eee Cancel range will plot at minimum or maximum as applicable Return to SEASOFT for Waves window e f Confirm Program Setup Change was selected in Options menu If you made changes and did not Save or Save As program asks if you want to save changes Click Start Process to begin processing data Status field shows Processing complete when done If Confirm Program Setup Change was not selected in Options menu This says Save amp Exit If you do not want to save changes click Cancel to exit 71 Section 9 Data Plotting Plot Data Y Axis Tab The Y Axis tabs define the Y axis variables scales and line types ali File Options Help Include this axis in plot Plot Data File Setup Plot Setup Axis Y Axis 1 Y Axis 2 Y Axis 3 Y Axis 4 can plot 1 X and up to 4 Y axes 3 At least 1X and 1 Y variable IV Include axis is required so this selection F za is available only on Variable Energy J m 2 auto spectrum 7 Y Axis 2 3 and 4 Note If you deselect an axis all axes numbered above that axis Selection dependent on Plot type are automatically deselected selected on Plot Setup tab Select to label axis
191. s for new value for each parameter Type in desired value and Tide interval Tide interval Tide interval Tide interval L E of wave samples burst Tide duration ee Wave sample duration length of each sample Measure waves every N tide samples N 2 as shown in burst Notes An alternate form for this command is SetSample both have the same function If only interested in tide data see Using SBE 26plus as a Tide Recorder for guidelines If only interested in wave data see Using SBE 26plus as a Wave Recorder for guidelines With Quartz pressure sensor Time required for each wave burst wave samples burst wave sample duration time for real time statistics calculation must be lt tide interval 20 sec If the setup does not meet this requirement the 26plus increases the tide interval to meet the requirement With Strain Gauge pressure sensor Time required for each wave burst number of wave samples burst wave sample duration must be lt tide interval 10 sec If the setup does not meet this requirement the 26plus increases the tide interval to meet the requirement See Appendix II Sample Timing for a detailed description of when tide and wave measurements are made Note Since a minimum of 512 samples burst is required for real time wave statistics calculations and this must be lt total number of samples burst the 26p us resets the total number of wave samples burst to
192. scssesssssessscsssssseseeees 17 Software Installati Onn s cccccscccseciesecsesescnsevede seuss citeveveveleess sneevivesevenesavetieeeseo 17 SEASOFT for Waves a cp Aiccsaeengiodes nina RRE a ea 17 Extract Tider hiini h e aK RRR R O ee anh wee 17 SEASOFT for Waves USe x scsecs cctesesccicgedessecsteasevegedoveecopsvecbecdevetelocedivepvenveeds 18 Pile Types annann niae davies e en e e n i 19 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance e eesoesessossesoessescosoesessoesesoessescesossessossessossesoes 20 Plan DIS Oha nale 1i A E T 20 Battery and Memory Endurance ccccecceesseeceeeceeeceeeceeceseeesecnsecseecseeeeeenes 22 Battery Endurance with Quartz Pressure Sensor esseeseeseeeeeeeeees 23 Battery Endurance with Strain Gauge Pressure Sensor seeeeeeees 24 Memory Endurance vc scci cccccccecceisccscestessscescesicesncedee iisi seii eiee 25 Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SOAGONIMN W sccsassadiccecsccessesseccestaeasesscsscccsdssnivesscasadstutestessoosscseausendunssecsccssasesevasedse 26 Programming for Deployment SeatermW cccccescesecetecseeeseeeneeeeeeeeenes 26 Command DeScriptions ccccesccececsceesseeseesseeeeceeeceeecseceseceaeeeaecnaeceecseeeeeenes 31 General Command Notes ccccecsssscseeeecsseeeeesecseesecneserceaeeeesaeeaeeeeeneeeres 31 Commands i225 ses kts oie capes e aaa aa e cus dei AA tenis to
193. se selections override selections you made in Plot Data and in the Plot Data View Options menu e Clipboard Output to the clipboard the single plot that is displayed on screen in the selected format wmf jpg or bmp The selected format overrides the selection you made in the Plot Data View Options menu Notes e Print Range for wave time series and auto spectrum plots Print plots e The first wave burst is labeled 0 for several wave bursts for the series that is displayed on screen In the e To change the default printer in dialog box select the wave burst print range Orientation and size are as Windows XP Click Start Printers selected in the Plot Data View Options menu Plots output to your and Faxes A list of printers system s default printer to output to a different printer you must select a installed on your system appears new default printer before you select Print Range with a check mark next to the e File Range for wave time series and auto spectrum plots Output to file default printer Right click on the the plots for several wave bursts for the series that is displayed on screen desired printer and select Set as Default Printer in the selected format wmf jpg or bmp In the dialog boxes select the wave burst file output range and the desired directory and output file name Directory and file name selections override selections you made in Plot Data and in the Plot Data View Options menu
194. ssure coefficients 15 apr 2004 addition to the offset shown in the PAO 7 912454e 02 DC response PA1l 7 317688e 05 See Section 6 Conversion into PA2 1 01280e 12 Tide and Wave Files Extract Tide P TOAN n 020A ene and Convert Hex also see Sensor E E ee ee Sats Py PTCA2 1 236197e 01 Calibration in Section 10 Routine PTCBO 2 488438e 01 Maintenance and Calibration PTCB1 2 2750006e 03 PTCB2 0 000000e 01 PTEMPAO 8 059255e 01 PTEMPA1 8 183057e 01 PTEMPA2 1 878352e 00 M 279620 2 calculated by 26plus based on factory input pressure sensor range B 18641 3 calculated by 26plus based on factory input pressure sensor range OFFSET 0 00 psia Temperature coefficients 05 nov 2004 TAO 1 653843e 05 TA1 2 800270e 04 TA2 2 759926e 06 TA3 1 646110e 07 Conductivity coefficients 05 nov 2004 only if Conductivity Y CG 8 000000e 00 CH 1 483257e 00 CI 1 931111e 04 CJ 9 170722e 05 CTCOR 3 250000e 06 CPCOR 9 570000e 08 CSLOPE 1 000000e 00 47 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW The individual Coefficients Commands listed below are used to modify a particular coefficient or date Quartz Pressure PO ise os PCalDate S S calibration date F floating point number PU0 F F U0 S string with no spaces PY1IEF F Y1 PY2 F F Y2 PY3 F F Y3 PC1 F F C1 PC2 F F C2 PC3 F F C3 PD1 F F D1 PD2 F F D2 PT1 F F T1 PT2 F F T2 PT3 F
195. suring tides of communications now press Esc to interrupt the tide measurement this concern only for 26plus with Strain interrupts the current tide measurement but does not stop logging The 26plus Gauge pressure sensor or waves will calculate the tide pressure based on the collected data 84 Section 11 Troubleshooting Cause Solution 6 In rare cases the program that controls the 26plus microprocessor can be corrupted by a severe static shock or other problem This program can be initialized by using the reset switch Proceed as follows to initialize 1 Asa precaution upload all data before proceeding 2 Open the battery end cap and remove the batteries see Replacing Note Batteries in Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration for details Using the reset switch does not affect 3 There is a toggle reset switch on the battery compartment bulkhead which Ine 26pius memory Gala in memory is visible after the batteries are removed The switch is used to disconnect the internal back up lithium batteries from the electronics Set the switch to the reset position for at least 5 minutes 4 Reinstall or replace the batteries and close the battery end cap 5 Establish communications with the 26plus see Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW for details Send the status command DS to verify that the setup is unaffected and user programmable parameter values are unaffected Problem 2 No
196. t fmax are not processed Maximum period seconds to use in auto spectrum 1 0e 06 new value Low frequency cutoff fmin 1 maximum period Frequencies lt fmin are not processed Hanning window cutoff 0 10 new value Hanning window suppresses spectral leakage that occurs when time series to be Fourier transformed contains periodic signal that does not correspond to one of exact frequencies of FFT Use DS to verify that 26plus is set up to sample as desired 39 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Wave and Tide Setup Command continued Example user input in bold Set up 26p us with quartz pressure sensor to take 2 minute tide measurement tide measurement duration 120 seconds every 60 minutes tide interval 60 measure waves after every 6 tide samples wave burst after every N tide measurements 6 and take 4096 wave samples per wave burst wave samples burst 4096 at 1 sample per 0 25 second wave sample duration 0 25 Set up 26plus to start and stop sampling on command rather than at pre set start and stop times Set up 26plus to output real time wave statistics on 512 wave samples per burst Then send DS to verify setup S gt SETSAMPLING tide interval integer minutes 1 new value 60 tide measurement duration seconds 60 new value 120 measure wave burst after every N tide samples N 3 new value 6 number of wave samples per burst multiple of
197. ted from the was and wts file in Create Reports Part of a sample report file is shown below filename D SBE26 951002 WAS WTS wave integration time 1 00 number of points in the burst 1024 height of SBE 26 above the bottom 0 300 density 1024 153 Burst Time jdays Time hours Depth Nwaves Avgheight Avgper Maxheight H1 10 H1 100 Swp wts Swh wts 0 232 67205 0 000 bl eat Boye 211 4 600717e 01 3 838863e 00 3 384997e 00 1 441726e 00 3 134322e 00 4 200000e 00 8 141103e 01 232 75538 2 000 17 679 185 2 278769e 01 4 383784e 00 8 741022e 01 7 083250e 01 8 741022e 01 6 344262e 00 5 092874e 01 e Beginning lines flags header Header lines contain in order Input file name Wave integration period seconds Number of points in the wave burst Height of pressure sensor above bottom Water density VVVVV e Column heading line and data Data varies depending on user selected variables to be output 115 Appendix IV Electronics Disassembly Reassembl Appendix IV Electronics Disassembly Reassembly Sea Bird provides a jackscrew kit with the SBE 26plus to assist in removal of the connector end cap The kit contains e 2 Allen wrenches e 3 jackscrews e 2 spare plastic socket hex head screws Jackscrew kit Disassembly CAUTION 1 Establish communications with the 26plus see Section 5 SBE 26plus Disconnect and dismount the optional Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW for details
198. the S gt DD is described below Tide Line 26plus without Conductivity all flags and tide data is 9 bytes 18 Hex characters 26plus with Conductivity all flags and tide data is 12 bytes 24 Hex characters FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF Flag start of 1 PrFFFFFFFBFFFFFFFF Flag start of setup parameters setup parameters 091B5D370000000000 First 5 bytes is start time 091CAFE70000000000000000 First 5 bytes is start time 2 seconds since January 1 2000 of integration of first seconds since January 1 2000 of integration of first tide sample Remaining bytes are 0 s tide sample Remaining bytes are 0 s 012c00010000000000 First 2 bytes 012C is tide 012c00010000000000000000 First 2 bytes 012C is 3 sample interval seconds next 2 bytes 0001 is tide sample interval seconds next 2 bytes 0001 is number of 0 25 second periods to integrate wave number of 0 25 second periods to integrate wave samples Remaining bytes are 0 s samples Remaining bytes are 0 s FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF Flag end of 4 EFFFFFFFFCFFFFFFFF Flag end of setup parameters setup parameters 3F9A816E50000000091CAFE7 Tide record pressure 3FC29478FB091B5D37 Tide record pressure temperature conductivity and time First 3 bytes temperature and time First 3 bytes 3Fc294 is 3F9a81 is pressure number next 2 bytes 6E50 is 5 pressure number next 2 bytes 78FB is temperature temperature number
199. the 26plus for setup and uploading of data from the 26plus TCXO Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator Triton X 100 Reagent grade non ionic surfactant detergent used for cleaning the conductivity cell Triton can be ordered from Sea Bird but should also be available locally from chemical supply or laboratory products companies Triton is manufactured by Mallinckrodt Baker see http www mallbaker com changecountry asp back Default asp for local distributors 86 Appendix Command Summar Appendix I Command Summary Note See Command Descriptions in Section 5 SBE 26plus Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW for detailed information and examples CATEGORY COMMAND DESCRIPTION Status DS Display status and setup parameters Setup SetTime Set real time clock date and time DateTime x x real time clock date and time See Setting Time in SBE 26plus to Synchronize Sampling of Multiple Instruments in Section 5 Baud x x baud rate for general communication 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 or 38400 Default 9600 ExternalTemperat ure x Y Optional external thermistor x N Standard internal thermistor Default Conductivity x x Y Enable conductivity logging if optional conductivity sensor included x N Do not UserInfo x x user defined string Displays in DS reply TxTide x x Y Transmit real time tide data
200. the batteries Install the new batteries with the terminals against the flat battery contacts and the terminals against the spring contacts Reinstall the battery cover plate in the housing A Align the battery cover plate with the housing The posts inside the housing are not placed symmetrically so the cover plate fits into the housing only one way Looking at the cover plate note that one screw hole is closer to the edge than the others corresponding to the post that is closest to the housing B Reinstall the three Phillips head screws and washers while pushing hard on the battery cover plate to depress the spring contacts at the bottom of the battery compartment The screws must be fully tightened or battery power to the circuitry will be intermittent Check the battery voltage at BAT and BAT on the battery cover plate For standard alkaline D cell batteries it should be approximately 18 volts For lithium DD cell batteries it should be approximately 21 volts Reinstall the battery end cap A Remove any water from the O rings and mating surfaces with a lint free cloth or tissue Inspect the O rings and mating surfaces for dirt nicks and cuts Clean or replace as necessary Apply a light coat of o ring lubricant Parker Super O Lube to O rings and mating surfaces B Carefully fit the end cap into the housing and screw the end cap into place Use a wrench on the white plastic bar to ensure the end cap is tightly se
201. them to known physical conditions and measuring the sensor responses Coefficients are then computed which may be used with appropriate algorithms to obtain engineering units The pressure temperature and optional conductivity sensors on the SBE 26plus are supplied fully calibrated with coefficients printed on their respective Calibration Certificates in manual We recommend that the 26plus be returned to Sea Bird for calibration Pressure Sensor Calibration The pressure sensor is capable of meeting the 26plus error specification with some allowance for aging and ambient temperature induced drift The pressure sensor coefficients are entered into the 26plus EEPROM with the calibration coefficient commands The coefficients can be viewed using DC in SeatermW Values for slope default 1 0 and offset default 0 0 can be entered in Convert Hex s Coefficient Configuration dialog box to make small post deployment corrections for sensor drift Note that the offset entered in Convert Hex is in addition to the offset entered in the 26plus EEPROM Techniques are provided below for making small corrections using the slope and offset terms by comparing 26plus pressure output to e Readings from a barometer e Readings from a dead weight pressure generator provides more accurate results but requires equipment that may not be readily available Before using either of these procedures allow the 26plus to equilibrate with power on in a re
202. tid file If Merge Barometric Pressure has been run on the tid file to remove the effect of barometric pressure the output tid file contains descriptive column headings The presence of headings in the tid file indicates that it has been processed by Merge Barometric Pressure Additionally Merge Barometric Pressure has the ability to replace the pressure in the fourth column with calculated water depth See Section 7 Tide Data Processing Merge Barometric Pressure for details and for the required data format for the barometric pressure bp file to input in Merge Barometric Pressure Wave Burst Data Format wb extension A wb file is created from the hex file in Convert Hex A sample wave burst data file is shown below Note a 2875706 0 2 2 x 528757 25 51 This wave data was obtained while 4 842843 14 843052 14 842925 14 842970 the instrument was on land 4 842998 14 843070 14 843125 14 843025 so the output is indicating 4 843079 14 842952 14 842998 14 842970 essentially 0 wave height remaining data for first wave burst 1 152876606 0 25 512 4 844642 14 844933 14 844914 14 844851 4 844942 14 844914 14 844969 14 844787 4 844833 14 844887 14 844860 14 844887 remaining data for second wave burst e First line flags beginning of data for a wave burst Line contains in order Wave burst number Start of wave burst measurement seconds since January 1 2000 Wave integration period secon
203. time wave sample duration wave statistics calculation if selected e If tide duration tide interval wave burst sampling is done during the applicable tide measurement and the 26p us samples tides continuously See Quartz Example 1 Tide interval Tide interval DS SUU Tide duration Tide duration Wave duration Real gt 18 sec 2secT amp C wave samples burst time measurement wave sample duration wave 2 sec T amp C for first tide statistics measurement calculation for second if selected tide Quartz Example 1 Tide interval tide duration 15 minutes 900 sec 1024 samples wave burst at 0 25 sec sample 1024 x 0 25 256 sec every 2 tide measurements Calculate real time wave statistics on 512 samples wave burst 512 x 0 06 sec calculation 30 7 sec required at end of wave burst Set SetStartTime to 12 00 00 Checking setup wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation 256 30 7 287 sec lt tide interval 20 sec 900 20 880 sec Time Time Begin End Wave End Wave Time Stamp Begin P for End P for BeginT amp C EndT amp C Stamp Wave Burst amp Begin Statistic for Tide Tide for Tide for Tide for Wave Burst Wave Statistic Calculation Tide Burst Calculation 12 00 00 1 1 12 15 00 2 2 1 1 12 15 02 1 1 1 12 19 18 1 12 19 49
204. tion e Process Wave Burst Data Compute wave statistics from an input wb wave burst file Output was statistics and results from auto spectrum analysis rpt summary report wts statistics from surface wave zero crossing analysis wt surface wave time series and wss Fast Fourier Transform coefficients e Create Reports Create r26 file with one line of surface wave time series and or wave burst auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst from input was and wts files Process Wave Burst Data Process Wave Burst Data computes wave statistics from an input wb wave burst file created in Convert Hex Process Wave Burst Data outputs three or optionally four or five files e Statistics and results from auto spectrum analysis to a was file e Summary report from auto spectrum analysis to a rpt file Statistics from surface wave zero crossing analysis to a wts file optional Surface wave time series to a wt file optional Fast Fourier Transform coefficients to a wss file 60 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Process wave data as follows 1 In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select Process Wave Burst Data The File Setup tab looks like this File to store all information input in File Setup and Data Setup tabs Open to SE Process Wave aaa aloi select a different psa file Save or Save File Options Help As to save current settings or Restore
205. tion 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW If the DS response shows transmit real time wave statistics ES real time wave statistics was enabled with TXWAVESTATS Y in the SetSampling command prompt each time a wave burst is completed the display looks like this if Show progress messages n K Auto Spectrum Statistics nAvgBand 5 total variance 1 7509e 08 total energy 1 7137e 04 significant period 4 2667e 01 significant wave height 5 2928e 04 Time Series Statistics Wave integration time 128 Number of waves 0 Total variance 1 6868e 08 Total energy 1 6512e 04 Average wave height 0 0000e 00 Average wave period 0 0000e 00 Maximum wave height 5 9477e 04 Significant wave height 0 0000e 00 Significant wave period 0 0000e 00 H1 10 0 0000e 00 H1 100 0 0000e 00 Note where See Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics for a description of calculation e Auto Spectrum Statistics of wave statistics nAvgBand user input number of spectral estimates for each frequency band and next 4 lines are calculated not stored auto spectrum statistics e Time Series Statistics wave integration time sec wave burst duration user input number of samples burst sample duration and remaining lines are calculated not stored time series statistics 8 End the test by typing Stop and pressing the Enter key to stop logging You may need to press
206. tions for Care and Cleaning of Conductivity Cells for conductivity cell cleaning procedures and cleaning materials CAUTIONS e Do not put a brush or any object inside the conductivity cell to dry it or clean it Touching and bending the electrodes can change the calibration Large e The Active Use after each cast section of the application note bends and movement of the is not applicable to the SBE 4M which is intended for use as a electrodes can damage the cell moored instrument e Do not store the SBE 4M with water in the conductivity cell Freezing temperatures for example in Arctic environments or during air shipment can break the cell if it is full of water 80 Sensor Calibration Note After recalibration of the pressure temperature and or optional conductivity sensor Sea Bird enters the new calibration coefficients in the 26plus EEPROM and ships the instrument back to the user with Calibration Certificates showing the new coefficients For the conductivity sensor Sea Bird also provides the user with an updated ini file for use in Convert Hex Note Although the pressure sensor manufacturer can re calibrate the pressure sensor by duplicating the original procedures the sensor must be removed from the 26plus the cost is relatively high and lead times can be considerable Section 10 Routine Maintenance and Calibration Sea Bird sensors are calibrated by subjecting
207. to save changes click Cancel to exit Make the desired selections 61 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports 2 Click on the Data Setup tab The Data Setup tab looks like this Lji x You may have used Plan Deployment to determine desired Average temperature and salinity used to value see Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning calculate density required for wave File Setup Data Setup Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance statistics algorithm P ZE Process Wave Burst Data File Options Help Height of pressure sensor from bottom meters High frequency cutoff for processing wave data fmax is smaller of Average water temperature above the pressure sensor deg C e frequency where measured pressure pressure at surface lt minimum allowable amp verage salinity above the pressure sensor PSU attenuation wave sample duration e 1 minimum period Number of spectral estimates for each frequency band If getting high frequency noise in output adjust minimum allowable attenuation and or minimum period Frequencies gt fmax are not processed unless Use filter cutoff is selected leakage that occurs when time series contains periodic Low frequency cutoff fmin 1 maximum signal that does not period Frequencies lt fmin are not processed correspond to one of unless Use filter cutoff is selected exact frequencies of Fast Fourier Transform ane
208. tt second 1 Joule e Tide sample Wave burst for intervals with a wave burst Wave burst duration number of wave samples wave sample duration sec Conductivity sample 0 71 Watt sec Real time wave statistics 0 2 Watts 0 06 sec sample real time statistics samples burst If tide duration wave duration 5 lt tide interval Quiescent 0 0005 Watt tide interval tide duration wave duration 2 6 sec Turn on off for each tide sample 0 36 Watt sec Tide including temperature and wave sample Watt sec 0 14 Watt tide duration sec wave duration sec If tide duration wave duration 5 gt tide interval Turn on off for each tide sample 0 36 Watt sec Tide including temperature and wave sample 0 14 Watt wave duration sec Example 26plus with strain gauge pressure sensor conductivity sensor and standard alkaline batteries Measure tides every 60 minutes 24 measurements day with measurement duration of 120 seconds Measure waves after every 6 tide samples 24 6 4 wave bursts day Take 4096 wave measurements per burst at 0 25 second integration time per measurement Output real time wave statistics on 512 of the 4096 wave measurements burst Tide sample for intervals without a wave burst Quiescent between samples 0 0005 Watt 3600 sec 120 sec 2 6 sec 1 74 Joules measurement Turn on 0 36 Joules measurement Take tide sample 0 14 Watt 120 seconds 16 80 Joul
209. ulated by the 26plus and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC response temperature C temperature number 1000 10 where e temperature number is the next 2 bytes 4 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal conductivity frequency Hz conductivity number 256 where e Conductivity number is the next 3 bytes 6 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal Conductivity frequency is converted to conductivity using the coefficients and equation found on the calibration certificate for the sensor These coefficients are entered in the 26plus EEPROM at the factory using the calibration coefficient commands and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC response time time number number of seconds since January 1 2000 e Time is the last 4 bytes 8 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal Example 1 no conductivity from sample file above tide record 3FC29478FB091B5D37 hex The first 3 bytes are 3FC294 hex 4178580 decimal For this example M 279620 2 and B 18641 3 in DC response in hex file Assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 in ini file pressure slope correction pressure number B M offset correction pressure 1 0 4178580 18641 3 279620 2 0 14 8771 psia The next 2 bytes are 78FB hex 30971 decimal temperature temperature number
210. up the desired sampling scheme and enter Y in response to the Use start time prompt 50 Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Installing and Deploying SBE 26p us CAUTION Do not use WD 40 or other petroleum based lubricants as they will damage the connectors Note Acquisition of conductivity data must be enabled by sending Conductivity Y in SeatermW when programming the 26plus for deployment Mooring pin Install retaining ring in recess after inserting mooring pin Rotate 26plus into mounting fixture Install a cable if transmitting real time tide and or wave data or dummy plug for the data I O connector 4 pin for standard RS 232 6 pin for optional RS 422 RS 485 on the 26plus end cap A B Lightly lubricate the inside of the cable connector plug with silicone grease DC 4 or equivalent Standard Connector Install the connector plug aligning the raised bump on the side of the plug with the large pin pin 1 ground on the 26plus Remove any trapped air by burping or gently squeezing the plug near the top and moving your fingers toward the end cap MCBH Connector Install the connector plug aligning the pins Place the locking sleeve over the connector plug Tighten the locking sleeve finger tight only Do not overtighten the locking sleeve and do not use a wrench or pliers If not using the SBE 4M conductivity sensor install a dummy plug and
211. urier coefficients down to 0 for frequencies greater than maximum frequency or less than minimum frequency Saves Fourier coefficients Band averages raw spectral estimates to create auto spectrum Applies dispersion transfer function to band center frequencies Calculates wave statistics from auto spectrum variance energy significant wave height and significant period Using the saved non band averaged Fourier coefficients Process Wave Burst Data performs a surface wave zero crossing analysis Applies dispersion transfer function to each frequency Inverse Fast Fourier Transforms to create surface wave time series Applies inverse Hanning window and adjusts scale factor Zeroes all elements where inverse Hanning factor is greater than 10 Performs zero crossing analysis of surface wave time series to create an array of individual waves and their corresponding periods Sorts wave array in ascending order Calculates wave statistics from surface wave time series average wave height average period maximum wave height significant period significant wave height Hi3 Hi10 H1700 63 Section 8 Wave Data Processing Process Wave Burst Data and Create Reports Create Reports Summarize Wave Data Create Reports creates a file containing one line of surface wave time series and or wave burst auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst The input wts file contains surface wave time series statistics and the in
212. usly Tide interval TT TE ee Tide duration Tide duration 2secT amp C measurement 2secT amp C measurement for first tide for second tide Tide interval Tide duration 2 sec T amp C measurement If tide duration lt tide interval 20 sec 26plus goes to sleep between tide samples and wakes up and latches power onto the pressure sensor 10 sec before the start of the next tide sample Tide interval Tide duration 4 gt Sleep gt 8 sec 2 sec Sleep gt 8 sec T amp C measurement 90 Appendix Il Sample Timin e If wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation gt tide interval 20 sec the 26plus increases the tide interval so that wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation tide interval 20 sec Note that real time wave statistics can be calculated on a subset of the total number of wave samples burst the real time statistics calculation requires 0 06 sec wave sample to be processed Note Sea Bird recommends the following for meaningful wave statistics e Wave samples burst gt 512 and e Wave samples burst power of 2 512 1024 etc The drawing only shows the relationship between the maximum allowable wave burst duration real time wave statistics calculation and tide interval see other drawings below for sequencing of wave and tide measurements Tide interval Wave duration Real gt 20sec wave samples burst
213. utput FF us tid file output by Merge Barometric Pressure which removes barometric coefficients to wss file is pressure from an input tid file selected in Process Wave Barometric pressure data used by Merge Barometric Pressure to Burst Data is not detailed bp remove barometric pressure from the tide data tid file wb Wave measurements only created from hex file by Convert Hex Statistics and results from auto spectrum analysis created by Process Wave Burst Data rpt Summary report created by Process Wave Burst Data Fast Fourier Transform coefficients created by Process Wave Burst Was SS data if selected Statistics from surface wave zero crossing analysis created by Process wts Wave Burst Data wi Surface wave time series created by Process Wave Burst Data if Output surface wave time series to wt file is selected File containing one line of surface wave time series and or wave burst 126 auto spectrum statistics for each processed wave burst created by Create Reports Real Time Data Format cap extension Real time data can be saved to a cap file if you click Capture in SeatermW e Real time tide data is output if TxTide Y e Real time wave data is output if TxWave Y e Real time wave statistics is output if you set TXWAVESTATS yY in the SetSampling prompt Each time a tide measurement is completed the display looks like this if the DS response sh
214. ve pressure amplitude at surface 0 0 25 5 0 7 5 10 0 12 5 15 0 17 5 20 0 22 5 250 Wave Period seconds Example Water depth is 10 meters You are interested in measuring waves with frequencies up to 0 36 Hz period 1 0 36 2 8 seconds You plan to sample waves 4 times per second wave sample duration 0 25 seconds with 1024 samples wave burst and to process data with 10 spectral estimates band Can you place the 26plus at 1 meter above the bottom and accomplish your goals Running Plan Deployment with the above parameters see dialog box above the Frequency Span is 0 0215 to 0 3340 Hz Since 0 3340 lt 0 36 you cannot accomplish your goals iterating on a solution by changing the instrument height in Plan Deployment you find that placing the 26plus at 2 5 meters above bottom will allow you to measure the desired frequencies Alternatively you could consider modifying other sampling parameters while maintaining the instrument height 21 Section 4 Pre Deployment Planning Plan Deployment and Battery and Memory Endurance Battery and Memory Endurance Power and memory endurance calculations for the SBE 26plus are complex and Note are dependent on the sampling scheme Use Battery and Memory Endurance to See Specifications in Section 2 calculate the endurance for a user specified sampling scheme Description of SBE 26plus for power and memory specifications In SEASOFT for Waves Run menu select
215. ve Time Series Statistics wts extension esceseeeseeseeeteeees 114 Surface Wave Time Series Wt extension c ceeseeseeeeceteceneeeseeeseeeeeneeenes 115 Wave Burst Statistics Report r26 extension ccesceseeeeeeseceeeeeteeeeeseeees 115 Appendix IV Electronics Disassembly ReassemblJ s sesscssssseeeeeeL 16 Appendix V AF24173 Anti Foulant Device cscsscssessssseseesseseeee 118 Table of Contents Appendix VI Wave Theory and Statistics sccscsssssscsssessscsssssseseeees 122 Surface Gravity Waves Description ccecceeseeeseeesceeeceseceseceseenseeneeeneeenes 122 Types of Waves and Restoring FOrces ccceccesseesseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeteeerens 122 Spectrum of Surface Waves in the Ocean cccescesecseeseeeteeeseeneeeseeees 122 Definition of TES ese e aeaa aaa an a ae E ea aai 123 Basic Linear Wave Description ccesccesecesecsseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeenteensees 123 ERAEN E EE T O A cess biogiteuteawiasita 124 Dispersion Equation ccccccsccesesssceseceeceseceeecseeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneenaeeaees 124 Implications of Linear Theory c ccccesceeseeesecseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeesseeeeenrens 124 ASSUMPTIONS 5 05 sc sftces pec levi et eftaeaseaser sheng togetanshscasdacipece E 125 Subsurface Pressure Due to Surface Gravity Waves cscceseeseceteeseeeneeeees 126 High Frequency Cutoff cccccecscesccssscsseceecscecseeesecseecaeeese
216. verted from Hex to decimal Conductivity frequency is converted to conductivity using the coefficients and equation found on the calibration certificate for the sensor These coefficients are entered in the 26plus EEPROM at the factory using the calibration coefficient commands and are read by Convert Hex from the uploaded hex file header in the DC response time time number number of seconds since January 1 2000 e Time is the last 4 bytes 8 characters of the tide data converted from Hex to decimal Example 1 no conductivity from sample file above tide record 3FB78A6CA4091CBO051 hex The first 3 bytes are 3FB78A hex 4175754 decimal For this example M 279620 2 and B 18641 3 in DC response in hex file Assume slope correction 1 0 and offset correction 0 in the ini file pressure slope correction pressure number B M offset correction pressure 1 0 4175754 18641 3 279620 2 0 14 8670 psia The next 2 bytes are 6CA4 hex 27812 decimal temperature temperature number 1000 10 27812 1000 10 17 812 C The last 4 bytes are 091CB051 hex 152875089 decimal Time 152875089 seconds since Jan 1 2000 November 4 2004 09 18 09 Example 2 conductivity enabled from sample file above tide record 3FF42973A0000000091B5BA7 hex The first 3 bytes are 3FF429 hex 4191273 decimal For this example M 279620 2 and B 18641 3 in DC response in hex file
217. ves Fouling Biological growth in the conductivity cell during deployment Merge Barometric Pressure SEASOFT for Waves module for removing barometric pressure from tide data PCB Printed Circuit Board Plan Deployment SEASOFT for Waves module for calculating the ratio of pressure amplitude measured by the instrument to pressure amplitude at the surface and predicting number of frequency bands calculated width of each band and frequency span Plot Data SEASOFT for Waves module for plotting wave and tide data Process Wave Burst Data SEASOFT for Waves module for computing wave Statistics SEAGAUGE High accuracy wave and tide recorder with a quartz or strain gauge pressure sensor precision thermometer and optional SBE 4M conductivity sensor SEASOFT for Waves DOS Modular DOS program for use with the SBE 26 SEASOFT for Waves DOS is not compatible with the 26plus SEASOFT for Waves Modular Win 95 98 NT 2000 XP program for pre deployment planning communication with the 26plus for setup uploading of data from the 26plus separation of uploaded data into separate wave and tide files removal of barometric pressure from tide data statistical analysis and data plotting Modules include Plan Deployment Battery and Memory Endurance SeatermW Convert Hex Merge Barometric Pressure Process Wave Burst Data Create Reports and Plot Data SeatermW SEASOFT for Waves module for communication with
218. you accidentally initialize logging before uploading the data in memory TideCount x ByteCount x 41 x sample number for first tide measurement when sampling begins Use TideCount to recover data if you accidentally initialize logging before uploading and will be doing an ASCII upload x byte number for first byte when sampling begins Use ByteCount to recover data if you accidentally initialize logging before uploading and will be doing a binary upload Section 5 SBE 26p us Setup Installation and Data Upload SeatermW Notes e With Quartz pressure sensor You can wake up the 26p us during a tide measurement and display status press Enter key to get s gt then click Status without interrupting logging e With Strain Gauge pressure sensor You cannot wake up the 26plus during a tide measurement and display status See General Command Notes above e You may need to send Stop several times to get the 26plus to respond e You must stop logging before uploading data e f Use start time in the SetSampling prompt is Yes and SetStartTime is less than 10 seconds in the future when Start is sent the 26plus ignores the programmed start time and starts logging in 10 seconds e f Use stop time in the SetSampling prompt is Yes and SetStopTime is less than 1 hour after logging begins the 26plus ignores the programmed stop time and continues logging until Stop is sent e See Setting Time in SBE
219. z pressure Y1 PY2 F F quartz pressure Y2 PY3 F F quartz pressure Y3 PC1 F F quartz pressure C1 PC2 F F quartz pressure C2 PC3 F F quartz pressure C3 PD1 F F quartz pressure D1 PD2 F F quartz pressure D2 PT1 F F quartz pressure T1 PT2 F F quartz pressure T2 PT3 F F quartz pressure T3 PT4 F F quartz pressure T4 88 Appendix Command Summary CATEGORY COMMAND DESCRIPTION PAO F F strain gauge pressure AO PA1 F F strain gauge pressure Al PA2 F F strain gauge pressure A2 PTCAO0 F F strain gauge pressure PTCAO PTCA1 F F strain gauge pressure PTCA PTCA2 F F strain gauge pressure PTCA2 PTCBO F F strain gauge pressure PTCBO PTCB1 F F strain gauge pressure PTCB1 PTCB2 F F strain gauge pressure PTCB2 PTempA0 F F strain gauge pressure PTempA0O PTempA1 F F strain gauge pressure PTempA1 PTempA2 F F strain gauge pressure PTempA2 Calibration POffset F F pressure offset psia applicable to both Coefficients quartz and strain gauge pressure continued TCalDate S S temperature calibration date TAO F F temperature AO TAI F F temperature A1 TA2 F F temperature A2 TA3 F F temperature A3 CCalDate S S conductivity calibration date CG F F conductivity G CH F F conductivity H CI F F conductivity I CJ F F conductivity J CTCor F F conductivity TCor CPCor F F conductivity PCor CSlope F F conductivity slope correction

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