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1. NOMAD Portable Weather Station Operation via Direct Link Users Handbook 13 45 00 y 22 12 2001 Power control Switch off Switching off y y xd N a System information 80 XXXXXXA 22 Temp 22 7 C E 13 6 V y gt N y E gt N y gt N S gt UN Logging information Int record count 254 First record E 10 00 30 06 2001 J Last record E 13 30 oo 15 12 2001 v gt v gt NW e gt a gt a gt See Note A Ext record count 254 Fa record Dey 10 00 eo IE Last ee E 13 30 q 15 12 2001 y 2 MN Y E 2 UN UN UN gt UN Logging control Enabled Enabled paused y Ze AN y_ Pause A y Run UN See Note B Disabled Disabled paused y Pause 4 y Run Data values Ch 01 0 0mm Ch 02 1 3 m s a 3 ES a oA 07 ps 0 pa aoe 4 A CIS A RU CIS A a See Note C CF slot empty CF card detected CF card present CF card serial CF card version y y ANA Ny N y UN CF card BUSY CF card unknown CF card full CF card error y NU NY INIA a 02004 Notes A If a CF card is present in the slot when this option is selected then the six screens will display information relating to the data stored on the card If there is no card present the screens will display information relating to data stored internally in the Sensus logger B If logging is currently enabled then the top two screens will be shown When logging is NOT enable
2. NOMAD Portable Weather Station May 2002 Users Handbook NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook HB3289 01 COPYRIGHT The copyright in this document which contains proprietary information is vested in CASELLA CEL The contents of this document must not be used for purposes other than for which it has been supplied or reproduced or disclosed wholly or in part without the prior written permission of CASELLA CEL CASELLA CEL CASELLA USA Regent House 17 Old Nashua Road 15 Wolseley Road Amherst Kempston NH 03031 Bedford U S A MK42 7JY U K Toll Free 1 800 366 2966 Phone 44 0 1234 844100 Fax 1 603 672 8053 Fax 44 0 1234 841490 E mail info casellausa com E Mail info casellagroup com Web www casellausa com Web www casellagroup com Contents NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 2 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Warnings Users Handbook WARNINGS The Nomad Weather Station is not intended for projects that extend for durations longer than six months without maintenance Page 3 of 68 Warn ings NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 4 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Contents Users Handbook Contents eee ae lc Oe eee 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE NOMAD 7 1 1 Three Versions wr a Pte aan er tet A 1 2 Features and Applications gig ch a Oe ae a ae AA 2 COMMISSIONING 4 Bi tee tore fe he MG 5 O 2 1 Schedule of Pa
3. 8 3 4 High Power Radio LED Indicators 59 8 3 5 High Power Radio Standard Settings 59 8 4 Low Power Radio Link te an DD 8 4 1 Low Power Radio Transmitter Specification 60 8 4 2 Low Power Radio Receiver Specification 61 8 5 GSM LINK rered amp e Eo eck Bo i ae oa Ho ee OL 9 POWER SUPPLIES SS 9 1 Solar Power A it i we OS 9 2 Battery a 4 cie a a ae a fo lds Y a OS 9 3 Direct Landline Connection ab ae ab ies Ge te a OS 10 ROUTINE CARE Mo gle Seog Wee a ee a OD 1 1 General feed a 6D 1 2 The Rain Gauge As Gh ants Se ee ae LOD 11 SERVICING amp WARRANTY Sige ites O Page 6 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Introduction Users Handbook 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE NOMAD The Nomad Portable Weather Station designed and manufactured by Casella CEL is a truly portable monitoring station With a total weight of around 13 kg 36 5 Ib the station is specifically designed for ease of transportation rapid deployment and quality of measurement It is supplied in two customised carry bags plus a separate weather proof case all of which can be carried together by one person when necessary Nomad is intended to satisfy YOUR professional monitoring needs Once on site the Nomad can be deployed and collecting data in less than five minutes Disassembly and re packing is just as quick allowing you to be packed and on route t
4. use the procedures given in Chapter 3 Assemble the system and deploy the sensors as described in Chapter 2 Ensure that Online Pro has been installed on the PC and that the configuration file for the Nomad weather station has also been loaded see Chapter 5 See Chapter 8 for a review of available communication methods 4 1 Start Logging When the Sensus data logger was left running after checking the battery voltage as described in Section 2 3 it will already be logging storing data and the radio transmitting it If the battery in line fuse was removed for transit or the Sensus data logger switched off start logging data to the Sensus as follows 1 Support the weight of the environmental case door undo the clips which hold it shut then lower the door until the chains support it Do not put or hang anything heavy on the lowered door Replace the in line fuse if it has been removed Press key 1 on the Sensus logger see Figure 1 When sufficient power is available shown by activity on the display the logger will wait one minute before starting to store data at the rate specified by the active configuration The default rate stores data at 5 minute intervals The radio will also start to transmit data at 20 second intervals The Nomad will continue storing data and the radio link continue transmitting until stopped by the logger keys or lack of power 4 Close and re clip the door of the environmental case 4 2 Displa
5. 1 Introduction to Online Pro Version 1 2 Casella Online Pro Application Software V1 2 provides users of Casella Automatic Weather Stations and Nomad Portable Stations Multimet instruments and Wind Speed and Direction Systems with a powerful and versatile program for the accumulation processing and presentation of environmental data Replacing the earlier Casella Online application Online Pro has been completely rewritten to take advantage of the 32 bit facilities available from current versions of Windows and provide greater ease of use This allows the operator to concentrate on the data while maintaining and extending the flexibility with which data can be gathered and displayed Data from multiple sources can be viewed on common screens in real time allowing easy comparison of environmental conditions This software integrates the functions of real time data presentation data archiving and historical presentation into an easily used package It is designed to run on Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows NT 4l Windows ME and Windows 2000 Online Pro offers the following Display features a Real time display showing prevailing conditions that provides critical information for on site decisions a Dynamic Data Exchange that allows real time data to be viewed in another program Automatic switching between user specified display screens Alarm display Save function for screen layout Windows bit map bmp image presentation for
6. 14 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Operation via Direct Link Users Handbook 3 OPERATION USING A DIRECT LINK BETWEEN PC AND NOMAD VIA FLASHCARDS CABLE GSM MODEM OR HIGH POWER RADIO The procedures described in this chapter may be used with any Nomad system that is connected to the PC by RS 232 cable connected via a GSM Global System for Mobile communications modem or connected via a high power radio link Cable connection may be temporary when a technician is visiting any Nomad system in the field or a permanently connected system Assemble the system and deploy the sensors as described in Chapter 2 When full communication via a high power radio link is required supply 24 V DC to the Nomad station For example use the standard W4 1602 4 Cable 500 m and 142009C Landline Interface mentioned in Section 9 3 Once the Nomad system has stored the required data in the Sensus data logger the user can visit the System to download data data can be downloaded via a permanent RS 232 cable link when one exists or downloaded over a GSM modem or high power radio link with landline power Ensure that Online Pro has been installed on the PC and that the configuration file for the Nomad weather station has also been loaded see Chapter 5 When visiting the Nomad for download connect the communications cable from your PC to the RS 232 port on the right hand side of the Sensus unit See Chapter 8 for a review of the available c
7. Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook time range then displays the Properties dialog When downloaded cloned data is used the Browse button enables you to select the required file then the software displays the Properties dialog This allows you to specify up to two channels for display as separate line graphs plotted against time Historic Graph ol x File Edit CAOnlinePro Office log 00 00 00 10 07 01 12 00 00 11 07 01 Airtemp C Tue 12 00 Wed 00 00 The trace colours can be specified and the Y scale can be manually set or auto ranged Historic Windrose This also displays the Historic Data Range dialog which allows you to select the time and date period you wish to be displayed on the windrose This dialog also allows you to specify whether the data is to be obtained from the on line PC logged data from a specified weather station or from a downloaded cloned data file When the graph is plotted from Logged data the software selects the only stored file from the selected measuring station that covers the specified time range then displays the Properties dialog opposite When Cloned data is used the Browse button allows you to select the required file then the software displays the Properties dialog Data Rose Table Bitmap Wind speed Wind direction Direction deg E This allows you to select data sources rose details whether to show data in a t
8. changed using commands built into the logger software interface The same command channel is also accessible from the connector array This time the interface signals appear on a 5 way spring terminal block This is of use where power and communication are supplied via a fixed cable The communications signals can be connected to a 9 way D type connector without the need to prepare the ends of the cable The pin connections for the RS 232 Command Spring terminal connector are as follows Pin Assignment 1 Ground 2 Transmit data out 3 Receive data out 4 DTR out linked internally to 7 5 CTS in 7 5 2 Sleep Mode When enabled the logger will conserve power by switching off the RS 232 interface circuitry after a period of inactivity While in this state the logger is still able to detect the arrival of characters over the command interface and when the first character arrives the logger will waken and switch on the RS 232 interface again However this can mean that the logger may not interpret the first character correctly 7 5 3 Display The Sensus Logger supports a 2 line by 20 character LCD module 4 keys and a buzzer The LCD incorporates a back light that is lit for a few seconds on every key press The display provides information about the internal status of several of the key functions of the logger these include date time active channels and logging summary The LCD will always show something unless the logg
9. data but will not include virtual channels as these are produced at run time by the Online Pro application The table graph and windrose displays can use data from either type of logging allowing you to choose which log file to open However rainfall totals will use only data logged by Online Pro where the rainfall totals open log files based on the settings for a selected measuring station Use the View menu select the Historic option then select one of the following Historic Table This displays an Open dialog which allows you to select a log file log All data in the file will be displayed in a tabular format Historic Graph This displays a Historic Data Range dialog which allows you to select the time and date period you wish to be displayed on the graph It will also allow you to specify whether the data is to be obtained from the on line PC or by downloading cloning data stored in the specified station Historic Data Range x Time range From 12 00 00 onthe 25 09 2001 y To 12 00 00 onthe 26 09 2001 Logged data Weather station WS2 Si Cloned data Cancel When the graph is plotted from Logged data the software selects the only stored file from the selected measuring station that covers the specified Properties x Trace 1 Trace 2 Data channel Channel Airtemp C W F Wind Direction M Auto Y range FF m Line Colour EE Cancel Help Page 37 of 68 Online
10. is shown ae o2001 LO lol J in Figure 6 Press Key 3 to display the Switch off Figure 2 Location of the Charge menu socket and in line fuse Press Key 2 Y yes to switch the power off The Sensus is switched off with the message Switching off confirming the command When data is to be stored Narrow Slot on a CompactFlash check that a card is present in the slot in the right hand panel of the Sensus Data Logger If no card is present insert one as shown in Figure 3 Connector Wide m Figure 3 Installing a CompactFlash card When a CompactFlash card 01095 is used the logger will store data only on the card and not in its on board memory Also see Section 4 8 Deploying the Sensors The equipment is contained in three packages that can be carried by a single person Large Bag 1050 x 300 mm footprint with shoulder strap that contains the sensor head complete with sensors inverted in a fitted foam housing plus the folded tripod and extension post Small Bag 300 x 300 mm footprint with handles that contains the tipping bucket rain gauge Environmental Case polypropylene with handle that contains the data logger barometer and the external solar panel The Nomad can be deployed and logging data within five minutes However it is strongly recommended that you run through the installation procedure in the Note 1
11. the prevailing wind direction and the total wind run Page 32 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook The wind direction options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the wind direction data plus a data channel Similarly wind speed options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the wind speed data plus a data channel The position size colour and distance between the circles of the windrose are determined by options on the Overlay dialog A units dialog offers three options Read as so you can tell the PC which units the station is using to measure the data and Display so you can specify the units in which you want to display the wind run Duration sets the rolling duration used in the display and calculations so that all data displayed is from this period Initially the realtime windrose will display any relevant data that has been logged by the program in the time period that it is displaying Each item can show only a single real time windrose However windrose overlays can be positioned together to show wind directions from several points around an area see Figure 9 Realtime Dustrose Dust Concentration CA p This provides information about the dust concentrations GS compared with wind direction The data can be overlaid a on a bitmap image A dustrose is drawn divided into 16 direction sectors filled in propo
12. updating live Page 17 of 68 Operation via Direct Link NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 6 7 3 5 Remember that if you are using a system connected via a GSM modem displaying data in real time for periods of more than a few minutes may incur high call charges End real time operation by clicking the clock icon again Disconnect your PC from the Nomad station after use View Downloaded Cloned Data Once the data has been downloaded it is no longer necessary to have the PC and Sensus connected together while viewing downloaded data 1 2 3 Page 18 of 68 Select the Historic option from the View menu Select the Table option Select the file required from the Open dialog Data from the file will be displayed Close down Online Pro after use AO AE tana Operation via Passive Radio Link Users Handbook 4 OPERATION USING A PASSIVE RADIO LINK BETWEEN PC AND NOMAD The procedures described in this chapter may be used only with Nomad systems that are connected to the PC by low power radio link or by a high power radio link configured for transmission only These links are semi passive systems that transmit data but cannot be controlled by the PC Once the Nomad system is storing the required data in the Sensus data logger these links will also be transmitting data every 20 seconds to the radio link on the PC When a technician is visiting the Nomad to download the memory in the field
13. with 9 m cable Anchoring kit with tools and compass Large transit bag for tripod plus sensors Smaller transit bag for raingauge Online Pro PC Application Software and download cable The Nomad Wind System consists of the following items Sensus data logger installed in environmental case Tripod Internal lead acid battery Solar panel Aerial sensor array with sensors for Wind speed Wind direction Barometric pressure sensor integral to the data logger Anchoring kit with tools and compass Large transit bag for tripod plus sensors Online Pro PC Application Software and download cable The Special Nomad Monitoring Systems are defined as any that requires some other combination of sensors such as the following items Sensus data logger installed in environmental case Tripod Internal lead acid battery Solar panel Aerial sensor array with sensors for Air temperature Relative humidity Wind speed Wind direction Solar radiation Barometric pressure sensor integral to the data logger Tipping bucket rain gauge 0 2 mm separate unit with 9 m cable Soil temperature sensor Leaf wetness sensor Grass minimum temperature sensor Anchoring Kit with tools and compass Large transit bag for tripod plus sensors Smaller transit bag for raingauge Online Pro PC Application Software and download cable Page 9 of 68 Commissioning NOMAD Portable cities a Check that all of the components have been delivered 2 2 Siting The measurements
14. 12 5 kHz lt 117 dBm for 12 dB SINAD 25 kHz Measured with a flat audio response Image spurii gt 60 dB Intermodulation response rejection gt 60 dB Blocking gt 75 dB Intermediate frequencies45 MHz and 455 kHz Adjacent channel selectivity gt 60 dB for 12 5 kHz channel spacing gt 70 dB for 25 kHz channel spacing Audio response 9 Hz to 6 kHz at 3 dB 25 kHz channels Recovered audio level gt 250 mV p p 420 into 10 kQ Squelch type Noise operated open collector output General facilities RSSI output 0 5 to 2 V nominal 5V output Independent data output 8 5 GSM Link Casella CEL can supply a GSM modem Global System for Mobile communications that communicates via the GSM mobile phone network This arrangement allows continuous two way communication with control and data download as described in Chapter 3 Please remember that the GSM link operates via a commercial carrier so that although continuous on line Figure 26 The GSM modem Page 61 of 68 Communication NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook operation is possible line charges may have to be taken into consideration The purchaser must obtain a suitable SIM card and it is recommended that this be sent to Casella CEL so that the Nomad system can be completely configured ready for use Normally the modem used with a GSM Nomad system will be configured as a standard Haynes compatible unit as follows Initialisation ATZ D
15. 12 and FAT16 are supported A card can hold data from only one logger at any time irrespective of the capacity of the card or the amount of data it holds When a logger writes data to the card it also writes an electronic signature uniquely identifying this logger From then on or until the card is erased the card can be used only with this particular logger The electronic signature also identifies the logger configuration used to create any data on the card If the configuration has changed since the card was last used then the signature will not be accepted as this could result in a misinterpretation of the stored data later on This ensures the integrity of the data until off loaded to a PC Before use all cards must be formatted on a suitable PC The logger automatically checks the type of card signature and configuration every time a new card is inserted The correct orientation for inserting the card is shown in Figure 2 Chapter 2 Having accepted the card as suitable for data storage the logger transfers any stored data to the card In addition while the card remains inserted all new data will be logged to the card rather than stored internally The card can be removed any time the logger is not actively writing new data to it During these periods the LCD shows a card busy message and the card should not be removed Once removed the card can be inserted into a suitably equipped PC and the data and control files copied in e
16. 18 Leaf wetness sensor 7 pin socket in the bottom panel of a special system environmental case The leaf wetness sensor is a low power electronic module in a waterproof probe where the active part of the probe consists of three carbon electrodes In effect the sensor is a digital device being either ON or OFF with virtually no graduation between the two states Free water on the sensing element changes the conduction switching the output from OFF to ON The device is not sensitive to changes in atmospheric humidity The installed device may be specified as optimised for either rain frost or dew The rain sensing version incorporates a heater to dry the surface once rain has ceased and also to eliminate it s sensitivity to the formation of dew The sensor will respond to a single 1 mm diameter droplet of distilled water 6 9 1 Leaf Wetness Sensor Specification Part number 187081B Transducer Three element carbon electrode Length 150 mm Supply voltage 9 18VDC Power consumption 5 mA Max Output Calibration Wet 1 5 V approximately Dry 0V Sensing area 15 x 30 mm Operating temp 10 C to 55 C Cable 3 m cable supplied 6 10 Grass Temperature Sensor This is an additional sensor available for use with Special Nomad Weather Systems The grass minimum sensor is He connected by cable to an auxilliary junction box Clip this box to the lower part of the tripod and connect the output cable to the 7 pin socket in th
17. 5 6 7 Rainfall Sensor NR AD 6 7 1 Rainfall Sensor Specification Do Ag a oe O 6 8 Soil Temperature Sensor gp an oe Lo 6 8 1 Soil Temperature Sensor Specification o 46 6 9 Leaf Wetness Sensor si lyr dec o EAT 6 9 1 Leaf Wetness Sensor Specification Rica ie gk oe TA 6 10 Grass Temperature Sensor Bay a de a AT 6 10 1 Grass Temperature Sensor Specification 48 7 THE SENSUS DIGITAL DATA LOGGER fA be tte wn lg 7 1 Brief Introduction to the Sensus Data Lcd dr Co 7 2 Commands A Mee ras At ae DO 7 3 Logging jie fee ft alle Sha te SO 7 3 1 Internal Capacity 50 7 3 2 External Capacity 2 2 51 7 4 Input Connections Binds eee eee OL 7 4 1 Wire Preparation and Insertion ee eee e252 7 4 2 Standard Sensus Settings for Nomad Systems 2 52 7 5 Sensus Communications pode an oll Fe 2 at ay has OD 7 5 1 RS 232 Command 53 7 5 2 Sleep mode Wie SY aot et a oe ae DA 7 5 3 Display 28 Shih fords Jes oe te OF 7 6 CompactFlash Mcards Stree cs ts DA 8 COMMUNICATION ee ee ee di DA 8 1 Direct Cable Link Pty eae Gk heads a OS 8 2 CompactFlash Cards brenda Ge athe a o O 8 3 High Power Radio Link 58 8 3 1 High Power Radio Transmitter Specification 58 8 3 2 High Power Radio Modem Specification 59 8 3 3 High Power Radio General Specification 59
18. 5 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 4 OnlinePro Quarry Site B File Edit View WeatherStations Help Del 240 Quarry Site B 23 July 01 14 47 Air Pressure 1104 6 mB Rainfall Humidity OnlinePro Wind State File Edit View WeatherStations Help Dee 3 4 O 01050 Page 1 Real time windroses with bitmap backgrounds are positioned on the main bitmap adjusted for size then the borders are set to None Bembridge 3 OnlinePro Ski Slope 6 oO x File Edit View WeatherStations Help 06 090 Ready Page 1 Ski Slope 6 Wind Speed m sec 23 Jan 01 14 47 or eee gee 10 10 Finish ALARM I peN Air Temp 3 7 Deg Cc 14 05 00 Last Hour I AY Figure 9 Examples of real time pages A GSM system with a suitably short call up interval can be used but may incur high call charges Such systems are best used to download date once or twice each day Note also that if the GSM is set to read data once each hour the display will update only once each hour A set of eight standard pre configured real time display screen pages are included for Nomad systems and these will be installed by the configuration file loaded into Online Pro the first time it is started Figure 8 shows some of the standard pages When required the standard screen pages can be edited or complete
19. 50 8 bits Odd even none 1 Gaussian minimum shift keying RS232 RS422 10 kbits sec 5 kbits sec 8 3 3 High Power Radio General Specification DC Supply Voltage DC Supply Current Transmitting Receiving Stand By Size without base plate Size overall Operating Temperature 8 5 V to 14 V 12 V nominal 330 mA 80 mA 0 1 mA 114 mm x 65 mm x 26 mm 140 mm x 65 mm x 26 mm 10 to 55 C 8 3 4 High Power Radio LED Indicators Three LEDS on the front of the modem indicate the following states TX Green RX Green POWER Red On when modem is transmitting data On when an RF carrier of greater than 0 9 uV is detected by the modem This threshold can be adjusted by a potentiometer inside the modem On when power is applied to the modem 8 3 5 High Power Radio Standard Settings The radio modem is supplied pre configured with the following settings Baud Rate Parity Stop bits Local Repeater mode XON XOFF RTS CTS Error Correction Address Mode Transmitter Test Mode Transmission speed RF Frequency UK RF Power 9600 None 1 Echo OFF OFF OFF no handshake OFF OFF OFF SLOW 5K bits sec 458 925MHz 500 mW 8 4 Low Power Radio Link Casella CEL can supply a Low Power Radio link that communicates between Nomad and PC over a line of site range up to 2 km 1 2 miles It allows only Page 59 of 68 Communication NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook one way communicat
20. 95 with IE4 or later Hard drive with at least 5 MB of free space 31 2 high density 1 4 MB floppy disk drive for program installation Super VGA colour monitor 1024 x 768 16 M colours recommended Mouse or other Windows compatible pointing device Printer optional Before installation it is recommended that a back up copy be made of the program disks Keep the originals in a safe place and use the copies to install the software It is also advisable to ensure that no other applications are running while installation takes place The Setup program for Online Pro will install files in the specified Program directory and the Windows System directory It will also add an icon to the desktop and a new folder and item to your Programs menu either of which can be used to start Online Pro Page 22 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook If installing on Windows 95 first run the program TapiUpdate exe placed in the installation folder This updates the version of TAPI on the PC to the version required by Online Pro When installing on Windows 98 Windows NT or later systems this update is not required and SHOULD NOT be performed Online Pro is supplied on three 31 2 floppy disks This does not include disks supplied to configure any specific measuring stations 5 2 1 Installation CASELLA CEL licence this software for single site use For the convenience of the user the software may be copi
21. A CompactFlash card which has already stored or download data cannot function with a measuring station that has a different configuration from the last used station Therefore either clear the card before starting operations with a different station or select only a card that has previously been used with the same station Page 11 of 68 Commissioning NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook laboratory or office before attempting it in the field Referring to Figure 4 Ja N deploy the equipment as follows Clamp Fixtures N Sensor Tripod Head 1 Taking care not to disturb the Clam ae p Tripod sensor head in its foam Screws Extension packing remove the tripod from the large carrying bag 2 Release the winged locking Env eli screws and spread the three Case Lae hale legs pulling upwards on the A yr a upright until the support struts are horizontal then Colour Support lock in place Coded HTH Struts 3 Stand the tripod on its feet in oe Legs the required location For siting advice refer to i Pegs Section 2 1 Sensor Head i 01054 4 Carefully remove the sensor f head from the foam protection AO ening ME MPR ena l sensor head in the large carrying bag 5 Insert the foot of the sensor head into the clamp fixture in the top of the tripod extension tube and clamp it securely in place 6 Carefully raise the tripod extensi
22. Display as raw data flag displays the data without formatting it Minimum width shows the minimum number of characters to display It adds leading O or spaces Decimal places specifies the number of digits to display after the decimal point Leading 0 s flag displays leading 0 s when set otherwise leading spaces are shown Signed flag displays in front of positive numbers negative numbers always have Bitmap This displays a Windows bitmap file for example your company logo a map background scene or some indicator diagram as described in Multi State below A Browse option enables selection of the bitmap If the display item is not the same size as the bitmap then the bitmap can be stretched or squashed to fit Multi State This displays part of a bitmap where the part is selected by the value of a specified data channel The bitmap may have a series of windsocks in different colours where a wind speed channel is used to select one of them for display to indicate a current wind speed range As an example if the bitmap has four images aid the switching points are 1 2 3 Image 1 is shown when the data level is less than 1 Image 2 is shown when the data level is between 1 and 2 Image 3 is shown when the data level is between 2 and 3 Image 4 is shown when the data level is greater than 3 Overlay This type of item displays a bitmap image overlaid with a windrose wind direction pointer
23. Hz 8 channels 2 ppm RS232 or 1 of 8 parallel select 100 mW lt 200 mW 37 dBm lt 60 ms 200 mV to 5 V p p AC coupled 3 to 12 V square wave DC coupled 9 Hz to 3 kHz at 3 dB 41 5 kHz nominal 2 5 kHz max lt 50 mS across switching bandwidth 12 5 kHz 20 kHz 25kHz available FID F2D F3D In accordance with ETS CEPT specifications 6 15 V DC ve earth lt 100 mA for 100 mW output 2 and 10 pin 0 1 header 3 pin 0 1 header 20 C to 55 C 30 C to 70 C 60 x 39x 15 mm 2 36 x 1 53 x 0 59 inches 30 gm Designed to meet ETS 300 220 and MPT 1329 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Communication Users Handbook General facilities 5 V output Analogue and digital inputs Direct TT500 replacement 8 4 2 Low Power Radio Receiver Specification Frequency range 458 5 to 458 6 MHz 8 channels Frequency stability 2 ppm Number of RF channels RS232 or 1 of 8 parrallel select Channel switching delay lt 50mS across switching bandwidth Channel spacing 12 5 kHz Modulation type F1D F2D F3D Spurious emissions conducted amp radiated In accordance with ETSICEPT specifications Supply voltage 6 15 DC ve earth Supply current at 7 2 V lt 40 mA Interface connections 2 and 10 pin 0 1 header RF connection 3 pin 0 1 header Operating temperature 20 C to 55 C Storage temperature 30 C to 70 C Weight 35g Size 60 x 39x 15 mm 2 36 x 1 53 x 0 59 inches Type approval MPT1329 Sensitivity lt 115 dBm for 12 dB SINAD
24. Mounted in an array on the Sensor Head plus one inside the Environmental Case and the remainder deployed nearby see this chapter Supports the Sensor Head and Environmental Case see Chapter 2 Sensus unit inside the Environmental Case stores data continuously when switched on with sufficient voltage level see Chapter 7 Two way via a direct cable during visits by a technician for downloading Two way via a permanent direct cable to a nearby PC Two way via a GSM modem link to a PC Two way via a high power radio modem link to a PC when power is supplied to the Nomad by a landline Data download only via passive low power or high power radio modem links to a PC Data download during visits by a technician by replacement of a CompactFlash Card see Chapter 8 Lead acid battery inside the Environmental Case with level maintained from a solar panel attached to the case Battery charger Other supplies may be arranged see Chapter 9 Portable for downloading visits to the Nomad or situated remotely with communication facilities as described above 6 1 The Sensors Used with Nomad Systems The Standard Nomad Portable Weather System is equipped with sensors to measure the following parameters Air temperature Relative humidity Wind speed Wind direction Solar radiation Barometric pressure Rainfall separate tipping bucket unit The Nomad Portable Wind System is equipped to measure Wind speed Wind
25. Page 31 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Usually the bitmap will be a map allowing the taow wind direction to be compared with some physical feature such as a harbour mouth or runway at an airport Initially the size of the item is set to that of the bit map but it can be re sized as required The wind direction options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the wind direction data plus a data channel The position size and colour of the rose on the overlay are determined by options on the Overlay dialog The width length and colour of the pointer can be specified in a similar way Each overlay can show only a single windrose However overlays can be positioned together to indicate wind directions from several points around an area as shown in Figure 9 Wind Direction Windrose Site 3 to A windrose displays the wind direction both numerically iy and graphically The numerical representation will always be three digits with leading zeros The wind direction options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the wind direction data plus a data channel The colour of the rose and of the pointer can be specified via windrose options Graph Site 2 This displays a graph of one or two data values Dust Concentration mg 1043 Wind Direction against time N If the data source is a wind direction ya te be then the axis c
26. Viewing Pages and Operating ir in Real Time 26 5 3 2 Setting Up Pages ee a 28 5 3 3 Adding Real Time Display Items 29 5 3 4 Saving the Display File 33 5 3 5 WebPage Output 34 5 4 Working with Historic Data O pone RO ee TD 5 4 1 Downloading Cloning Data A SES e 5 4 2 Downloading from CompactFlash Cards 36 5 4 3 Converting Online and CompactFlash Files 36 5 4 4 Viewing Historic Data ate Le os oe 5 5 Dynamic Data Exchange aa Gc est Ag ee AO 6 THE NOMAD SYSTEM COMPONENTS A421 6 1 The Sensors Used with Nomad Systems 41 6 2 Combined Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Sensor 42 6 2 1 Temperature Sensor Specification 42 6 2 2 Humidity Sensor Specification wa ae Sot EZ 6 2 3 General Specification 2 43 6 3 Wind Speed Sensor Mo So ogy ae Tevet oe A AS Page 5 of 68 Contents NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Contents We Soak E de Mie a Cie BY tie a a o Page 6 3 1 Wind Speed Sensor Specification 43 6 4 Wind Direction Sensor as Soa O 6 4 1 Wind Direction Sensor Specification Pa do a AA 6 5 Global Solar Radiation Sensor 44 6 5 1 Global Solar Radiation Sensor Specification Ao 6 5 2 Sunshine Duration 45 6 6 Barometric Pressure Sensor Ads 2145 6 6 1 Barometric Pressure Sensor Specification 2 4 a 4
27. able alongside the rose and to load a background bitmap for a display of the relative distance the wind has travelled from different directions Page 38 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook O Historic Windrose _ ol x File Edit CxOnlineProibre log 00 00 00 10 07 01 23 59 59 10707701 Weekly Rainfall Total This displays a Weekly Rainfall Total dialog that allows you to select the start day month and year of the week you want to display plus the measuring station AWS and data channel from which to obtain the rainfall data Data source AWS AWS1 a Data channel Rainfall mm nd Weather station units mm y Display units mm ad Week starting KE June 2000 gt Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun 2 3 4 QS 6 7 8 39 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Cancel You must also specify the units in which rainfall was measured and the units in which you want it displayed The total amount of rain measured in the week starting from the given date will be displayed in a Weekly Rainfall Total field provided log files for the selected period were created by the application Monthly Rainfall Total This displays a Monthly Rainfall Total dialog that allows you to select the year and month you want to display plus the measuring station AWS and data channel from which to obtain the rainfall data You must also specify the units in which rainfall was
28. ain an alternative set of data should anything have interrupted the communication link To access data logged by the measuring station you must download the data early software used the term Clone 5 4 1 Downloading Cloning Data The downloading cloning operation copies the contents of the measuring station s built in logger into a log file that can be read by the historic data viewer in Online Pro Data from the station can be downloaded cloned only when the measuring station is connected directly via RS232 via a modem or via some radio links Downloading data is not possible via a low power or high power radio modem configured as a passive link or while operating in real time mode 1 Use the Download Clone option on the WeatherStations menu The Download Clone Weather Station dialog is displayed 2 Highlight the name of the station to be download and press the Download or Clone button Clone Filename 2 x Save in S Heine y e e Ee WS4 20011101 log w54 20011105 l0g File name 26N ov_01 Save as type Log Files log it Cancel The Download Clone Filename dialog is displayed Page 35 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 3 Specify a filename for the downloaded cloned data and choose a directory in which to save it Online Pro downloads the data from the logger in the measuring station and converts it into log file format D
29. an display directions as opposed ee E to numeric values and covers 720 degrees to Teena phe er ae W reduce the chance of discontinuities when the e wetieae direction passes through north 0 0 0 N Data source 1 and 2 options allow you ee to specify the measuring stations that are to be Time the sources of the data plus relevant data channels Trace 1 and 2 options specify the axis title and line colour The use of autoranging or a manual setting with minimum and maximum range values can also be specified Timebase options allow you to display the values taken during the most recent period defined in terms of hours minutes and seconds up to 23 hours 59 minutes and 59 seconds When the time base is less then 4 hours data is displayed at a 1 second resolution When the time base is 4 or more hours it is displayed at a 1 minute resolution Initially the graph will display any relevant data that has been logged by the program in the time period that it is being displayed z PARRA Rea Iti me Win d rose Prevailing Direction 000 Deg Wind Run 0 0 Meters A This provides information about the wind speed and direction The data can be overlaid on a bitmap image usually a map A windrose is drawn divided into 16 direction sectors filled in proportion to the distance time x speed that the wind has blown from the specified direction In addition the text displayed at the top left of the item is automatically produced and shows
30. ary connections Is the local PC running Online Pro No Start Online Pro on the local PC and open the relevant configuration file Are the real time data pages set up 2 No Yes Use Online Pro to set up the required pages Are items for real time viewing to be added 2 Yes Use Online Pro to add the required items automatic switching between pages required 2 Yes No Use Online Pro to select and enable automatic switching Page 30 of 68 Figure 10 Steps to set up real time display pages and add data items Go on to use Online Pro to view display pages in real time 01046 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook Date This displays the current date as reported by the PC in the format selected in the Windows regional settings 28 11 2001 Time 16 12 08 This displays the current time as reported by the PC in the format selected in the Windows regional settings Temy 12 6 This displays a data item as a numeric value with Degrees C annotations The following options are offered via the properties settings Value Data source specifies where the data is to come from It must be a measuring station connected to the PC or available via a network Data channel selects which channel on the weather station to use Format defines how the data is to be displayed
31. at 12 V Output calibration Temperature O to 1 V for 40 to 60 C Humidity O to 1 V for 0 to 100 RH 6 3 Wind Speed Sensor The sensitive three cup anemometer is mounted at one end of the sensor head cross arm The rotational speed is monitored using an infra red light source interrupter and optical sensor that provides 20 pulses from O to 5 V per revolution This non contacting design can measure wind speeds up to 75 m sec The instrument has an anodised aluminium alloy outer case that offers a durable all weather construction suitable for installation in harsh environments An output from this sensor is led to a terminal box on the sensor cross arm from where a single sensor cable is taken to the CK A A T 01057 Figure 12 Wind speed sensor 7 pin socket on the bottom panel of the environmental case 6 3 1 Wind Speed Sensor Specification Part number 178031C Sensor type Three cup anemometer Transducer Optical interrupter Maximum wind speed 75 m s Starting velocity Typically 0 3 m s Distance constant Typically 3 5 m s Time constant Typically lt 0 5 s Resolution 7 84 cm Non linearity lt 0 6 Accuracy 0 3 m s below 3 m s 13 over 3 m s Output calibration 12 75 Hz m s Output 20 pulses per revolution O to 5 V Operating temp 20 C to 70 C Stabilisation time lt 1 sec from power on Supply voltage 6 28 V DC supplied from environmental case Power consumption 3 mA 6 4 Win
32. ate Time Value Bitmap Multi State Overlay Windrose Graph Realtime Windrose Realtime Dustrose A specific Properties dialog for each selected type of item will be displayed allowing you to define the appearance of the item and fill in the relevant details Display items can be re sized by dragging their borders and can be moved by dragging the main area The background colour text font size and colour can be specified for each item via a Basic properties page To copy or delete a display item right click on the item and select either Copy or Delete from the displayed context menu To edit a display item s properties after it has been created select Properties from the context menu Use these methods to load edit and delete the items described in the following sections Text Station This provides a means of displaying a fixed text on your document page suitable for identification Note 5 Display items cannot be added while in Real Time mode Page 29 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Once the stations have been configured set up real time display pages and add display items Is the data channel on a remote PC connected via a network 2 Yes No Is the remote PC running Online Pro with sharing enabled 2 Yes Start Online Pro on the remote PC and enable data sharing Make the necess
33. atically and switched to run in real time mode when you start the Online Pro software as described in Section 5 2 5 The Save Screen Image option on the File menu allows the current screen to be saved as a bitmap In addition to general record keeping this feature is particularly useful for recording special events Note 6 Different stations can be selected but will probably give meaningless results Page 33 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 5 3 5 Web Page Output This option allows real time information to be written to an HTML file for viewing via an intranet or the internet The output is configured via the Web Page Output dialog obtained by using the Web page output option on the View menu Web Page Output x Internet Intranet output M Enable Web output Template file C OnlinePro htm Browse Output file C OnlinePro Outputtweather htm Browse Update interval 10 seconds Cancel Online Pro outputs data in real time to an intranet internet page by replacing text in a template file with the measured data This allows you to have full control over the format of the page Note that Online Pro can only publish an internet page to a server if they are connected via a network it cannot publish a page via ftp To enable web output select the check box use the first Browse button to select the template HTML file then use the second Browse button to specify the na
34. ay will show real time data from them 5 Disable Default File loading by un ticking the check box 5 3 Operation in Real Time When a permanent or regular link is made between the system and the PC data from measuring stations configured and connected via Online Pro can be viewed in real time or near real time on a display screen that has eight pages The link can be a direct cable connection or passive radio modem The display is updated each time the link is made so the passive radio link gives a near real time display updated typically every 20 seconds while the high power radio link with landline to the Nomad transmits as fast as possible OnlinePro display onl 181 File Edit View WeatherStations Help EHAS Nomad Portable Monitoring Station Direction Speed Heading mis ME coh ME i knots a 00 Gust JE m s Speed Air temp Humidity Rainfall Pressure Dewpoint Solarimeter Sunshine pS EST ie mbar e Wim2 Hours File Edit View WeatherStations Help z gt z F Osea SO Time MENESES hh mm ss Date BEATIN dd mm yy Real Time Wind Rose THINK ENVIRONMENT THINK CASELLA Prevailing direction 000 ind run 0 00 km Instantaneous values Page identity arStations Help Ole Temperature Humidity Graph Ready Real time wind rose Figure 8 Real time pages from the 00 00 00 standard Nomad Humidiy configuration file Ready Temp humidity graph Page 2
35. bility for any loss resulting from the operation or interpretation of the results from this equipment To obtain repair under warranty or for servicing the instrument should be packed and returned in it s original packing or an equivalent Insure to full value and ship pre paid to Casella CEL Customer Services Department at Bedford For repair or service outside the United Kingdom please return to Casella CEL s locally appointed distributor Please include a letter giving full details with your packing list It should contain the following information Instrument Type s Serial Number s and Firmware Version Number s Customer name and address Contact name and phone number Details of any PC and Software involved including Version Number s Reason for returning the equipment with a detailed description of the fault List of any error messages that may have been displayed The necessary adjustments or repairs will be carried out and the instrument returned as soon as possible After the warranty has expired except on approved accounts service work is undertaken against quotations and all packing and transit costs are charged extra Casella CEL s in house service department offers a comprehensive range of repair and calibration services designed to effect a fast and efficient back up for all our products The Service Department is operated under the scope of our BSI registration for products manufactured by us We will ho
36. by the user either by the menu system accessed via hyperterminal or the command line interface Both of these configuration tools are accessible via the RS232 command interface The menu system is more useful for manual reconfiguration where a few parameters are to be changed or a new sensor added The command line interface is of more use where an automatic configuration is Page 49 of 68 Sensus Data Logger NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook needed and it is this approach that is used by the Online Pro application to provide automated configuration The menu system is activated by default but it can switch between the two as and when required While the Sensus Logger is running it is at all times performing a series of tasks in the background Sensor scanning This task is performed at regular intervals determined by the period set in the profile Each time it runs fresh data is collected from the attached sensors this data is in turn processed to provide the values logged by the system and used in alarm comparisons Logging Again this task is performed at an interval defined in the profile While running all data values marked to be logged are moved to a buffer store then written either to the internal memory or to external CompactFlash card Alarms At fixed intervals current data values are compared against active alarm channels and alarm states and actions are updated at this time A comprehensive description of Sen
37. chnology records approximately 15 k data sets as standard a Compact Flash Expansion Slot for prolonged monitoring applications a Integrated solar panel charger allows extended operation Page 7 of 68 Introduction NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 8 of 68 a Pre configured 32 bit Online Pro PC software for real time and historic data analysis a Protective carry bags for ease of transport Quality external connectors to IP68 a Telemetry options include RS232 RS485 low power radio or global access using GSM modem Potential applications are monitoring and checking as follows a Environmental consultancy a Site boundaries a Landfill sites a Emergency services a Military operations a Conditions at ports and harbours a Airports gliding clubs a Agrochemical field trials a Fruit growing a Hydrological studies a Schools amp colleges for field studies a Geotechnical studies a Golf courses a Athletics meetings NOMAD Portable Weather Station Commissioning Users Handbook 2 COMMISSIONING 2 1 Schedule of Parts The Nomad Portable Weather System consists of the following items Sensus data logger installed in environmental case Tripod Internal lead acid battery Solar panel Aerial sensor array with sensors for Air temperature Relative humidity Wind speed Wind direction Solar radiation Barometric pressure sensor integral to the data logger Tipping bucket rain gauge 0 2 mm separate unit
38. converted or for FlashCard files select the header txt and data dat files for the card information to be converted A standard Windows Save dialog is displayed 4 Specify a filename and location for the converted file To avoid confusion DO NOT USE the same naming convention for the new file s as used for Online Pro log files name yyyymmdd log Where name name of the weather station yyyy four digit year number mm two digit month number with leading O if required dd two digit day of the month with leading O if required For example Bedford 20010905 log indicates a weather station called Bedford on the 5th September 2001 Note 7 A CompactFlash card which has already stored or download data cannot function with a measuring station that has a different configuration from the last used station Therefore either clear the card before starting operations with a different station or select only a card that has previously been used with the same station Page 36 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook 4 Press Save to confirm your choice convert the data and save the file in the specified directory 5 4 4 Viewing Historic Data Data logged by Online Pro will be saved in files containing one day s data for one measuring station including actual data channels and virtual processed data channels Usually data logged by the measuring station will contain several days
39. cumulated total is determined based upon the time during which the solarimeter has been exposed to a radiation level exceeding a threshold of 200W m2 6 6 Barometric Pressure Sensor The new Casella barometer is mounted on a The pressure sensor board circuit board in the data logger which itself is inside the environmental case A 1 mm ventilation hole in the case ensures the internal pressure remains at ambient A monolithic silicon transducer senses pressure by means of a silicon diaphragm into which a bridge of piezo resistors have been defused The silicon crystal which constitutes the diaphragm being a perfect device does not suffer from hysteresis The high signal level obtained is further conditioned to give an exceptional degree of accuracy repeatability and linearity The pressure transducer is temperature stabilised at 60 C to minimise Figure 15 Barometric pressure temperature effects on the overall accuracy 6 6 1 Barometric Pressure Sensor Specification Part number 183014B Transducer The pressure sensor is temperature stabilised at 60 C Range 800 to 1100 hPa mB Operating temp 40 C to 85 C Accuracy lt 1 hPa mB Temperature drift Typically lt 0 15 mB C Supply voltage 9 12 V nominal Power consumption Approx 10 mA at 12 V 6 7 Rainfall Sensor The tipping bucket raingauge should be positioned horizontally at least twice the height of any obstruction weather station tripod awa
40. d the bottom two will be shown C The CF display screens change automatically depending on the current state of the CF card installed if any Apart from inserting or removing a CF card the user has no control over which of these screens is displayed Figure 6 Menu structure of the Sensus Data Logger installed in Nomad Weather Stations The keys implement the options shown immediately above them on the menus The arrow options move the display to adjacent menus in the indicated direction Use the down arrow options to move to the Logging information menu Use right and left arrow options to check the number of data records samples stored and to inspect the the first and last records Inspect further information from the Sensus by using the required options to move about the menu system The display may safely be left active when you have finished inspecting information as the Sensus will switch the display off automatically after one minute when it detects no further key activity Display Real Time Data With PC and Sensus connected via an RS 232 cable GSM modem or high power radio with landline power start Online Pro Select the Open option from the File menu Select Display onl from the Online Pro directory This opens the default screens for data viewing Select the required page from the Pages menu displayed via the View menu Click the clock icon to display data in real time The values on screen should be
41. d Direction Sensor The weather vane is mounted at the other end of the sensor head cross arm from the anemometer DO NOT loosen the fitting of the weather vane as this carries a guide mark N that must point north to orient the cross arm correctly The wind vane is a small lightweight GMR design that offers a rapid response to changes in wind direction with virtually friction free sensing The Page 43 of 68 Standard Sensors NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook analog output changes from O to 1 8 V as the wind direction changes from 0 to 359 with no dead band at north The instrument has an anodised aluminium alloy outer case that offers a durable all weather construction suitable for installation in harsh environments E os 01058 6 4 1 Wind Direction Sensor l AA Specification Figure 13 Wind direction sensor Part number 178035C Sensor type Weather vane Transducer GMR giant magneto resistive sensor solid state system with micro controller Maximum wind speed 75 m s Resolution 1 Accuracy lt 2 Aligning threshold lt 0 8 m s for a 10 offset Damping ratio 0 25 Distance constant Typically 3 0 m Undamped natural wavelength 2 2m Repeatability 0 5 FSD Electrical Angle 0 359 no deadband at North Output O to 1 8 V DC for O to 359 representing ais rolling average updated 5 times per s Operating temp 20 C to 70 C Stabilisation time lt 1 s from power on Sup
42. direction Barometric pressure Note 8 Air temperature and relative humidity are measured by a combined sensor Page 41 of 68 Standard Sensors NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Additional sensors are available for use with Special Nomad Weather Systems They may include sensors to measure Soil temperature Leaf wetness Grass temperature The additional sensors should be ordered at the same time as the weather station as a special system However if they are added at a later date extra hardware is required in the environmental case for connection and the new sensors must be configured via the logger or via Online Pro Please consult the Casella CEL Sales Office for information on additional sensor options This chapter is divided into separate sections that each describe one of the sensors available Note that Casella equipment is guaranteed for 12 months from date of dispatch with the exception of the actual humidity sensing element It is impossible for Casella to control or know the environment in which the sensing element has been used in relation to its performance constraints 6 2 Combined Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Sensor The combined air temperature and relative gt humidity sensor is installed within a single gt _ gt radiation screen that is mounted ona bracket below the sensor cross arm Both transducers are unaffected by co
43. displaying site maps company logos hazards etc a Multi section bit maps where the displayed section is dependant upon the condition of a data input value a Individual site maps with dynamic wind direction overlay Plus the following features for User Convenience a a a a Standard screen layouts loaded as default Password protection Comprehensive on line help File loading displayed automatically Convertion of on line log files Archiving of data to disk at user defined intervals Dynamically changing screens including scrolling graphs and alarm warnings a Production of line graphs based upon historical data a Tabular report presentation of data files The versatility of the Online Pro application enables a variety of other parameters to be incorporated and mathematically determined from basic sensor values 9 oOo 0 09 O00 D8 a Linear Scaling maths functions y mx c a Vapour pressure and Dew Point calculation based upon Temperature and Humidity Page 21 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook a Heating Cooling Degree Day calculations based upon measured temperature values and a user defined threshold a Rolling averages over user selected time period a Vectored rolling averages for wind direction a Cross wind component calculation using wind speed direction and reference heading The program loads a set of eight standard screen layouts pages automatically These pa
44. e Weather Stations menu 2 Enter a password into the Password dialog twice for verification Note that the password is case sensitive Once the password has been enabled in this way access to the measuring station definitions and configurations via the Weather Stations Properties option requires use of the password 3 Disable the enabled weather station protection by re selecting the Protection option from the Weather Stations menu then enter the password again when prompted 5 2 5 Loading a Default File OnlinePro can be set so that it loads a specified configuration file shows the display screen for the file and enter real time mode whenever it is started 1 Select the Default option from the File menu The Default File dialog is displayed Default File Enable default file loading File Browse Cancel 2 Tick the box to enable loading of a default file Page 24 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook 3 Select the configuration file that you wish to load on start up by clicking on Browse then selecting the filename from the Default File open dialog 4 Click OK to confirm your choice Now when Online Pro is started the selected configuration is loaded the system enters Real Time mode and the first enabled page see Section 5 3 1 of the screen is displayed Provided the data sources required by the layout are defined connected and operating the displ
45. e array of sensor technologies whether measuring process temperatures using simple resistance thermometers or airport traffic noise levels from a sound level meter the SENSUS Logger is more than capable From beginning to end the SENSUS has been designed with the user in mind Figure 20 The Sensus Data Logger Secure spring loaded connector blocks attach the all important sensor outputs to the SENSUS input stage precision analog circuitry transfers these values to the high speed microprocessor which processes and stores the data in reliable Flash memory A comprehensive set of alarm functions allow the Sensus Logger to make decisions based on a wide range of input data the results of these decisions can then be broadcast to other computer control systems via modem or to specified operators using a GSM modem SMS service The Sensus is designed to start processing logging data as soon as power is applied to it and to continue to do so until power is removed This means that should power to the logger be interrupted for any reason the unit will recover and continue collecting data when power is restored without any user intervention When the Sensus Logger is powered up it re configures itself automatically based upon a set of operating parameters held in its internal profile Once the contents of the profile have been processed the logger begins its task of collecting logging data Most aspects of the logger s operation can be changed
46. e bottom panel of a special system environmental case LJ Grass minimum temperature measurement is achieved by locating a shielded thermometer at a fixed height above the grass supported on a small frame 02025 Y Figure 19 Grass temperature sensor Page 47 of 68 Optional Sensors NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Grass Temperature Sensor Specification Page 48 of 68 Part number Sensor type Measuring range Calibrated accuracy Supply voltage Power consumption Output calibration Cable 120650B Semi conductor current generator 40 C to 60 C 0 5 C between 20 and 50 C 7to15V Typically lt 1 mA Nominally 1 5 V at 0 C and 1 8 V at 50 C Units are individually calibrated and provided with offset and multiplier values 3 m cable supplied NOMAD Portable Weather Station Sensus Data Logger Users Handbook 7 THE SENSUS DIGITAL DATA LOGGER WARNINGS The SENSUS Logger contains no user serviceable components If an electrical fault is suspected the instrument must be returned to Casella CEL for repair The Logger should not be dropped or subjected to mechanical shock Failure to comply will render the warranty invalid 7 1 Brief Introduction to the Sensus Data Logger The SENSUS Digital Data Logger from Casella CEL is a professional instrument specifically designed to monitor and record measurements from a compre hensiv
47. ed alarm Confirm each selection by clicking OK NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook 8 To add a bitmap image for use as the page background click the Background Bitmap option on the Pages flyout menu The Background Bitmap dialog is displayed This allows you to use your company logo or some suitable map or scene as a background to identify the page 9 Click the Background bitmap check box to enable further bitmap options 10 Use the Browse option to locate a suitable bitmap 11 Click the Position option to determine how the bitmap will be placed on the page from the following options Centre Centres the bitmap at its imported size Tile Tiles a small bitmap to fill the window Top Left Locates the bitmap at its imported size Stretch Stretches the bitmap to fit the window 12 Make a choice and click OK 5 3 3 Adding Real Time Display Items Normally when software and measuring system are ordered and delivered together the required real time items are specified by the configuration file loaded when Online Pro was started for the first time However if you want to add to the display items there are two ways to do so Use the View menu and select the Pages Add Display Item or right click in the page and select Add from the context menu Both methods display the Add Display Item dialog so you can select the type of display item required from the following options Text D
48. ed for back up purposes and installed simultaneously on one desk top computer the site and one portable computer SFT 4 1 Start Windows 2 Insert Online Pro Disk 1 into the floppy disk drive 3 Click the Start button on the task bar then click the Run option 4 Type a setup where a identifies the floppy disk drive then press Enter 5 Wait for the Casella welcome screen to be displayed then follow the on screen instructions A il Once installation is complete you will find the Online Pro icon on your Windows desktop 5 2 2 Un Installation 1 Click the Start button on the task bar 2 Select the Settings option and click on the Control Panel option 3 Double click on Add Remove Programs icon 4 In the list of installed software select Online Pro and click the Add Remove button 5 Follow the on screen instructions 5 2 3 Starting Online Pro for the First Time Start Online Pro by double clicking on its desktop icon by entering its name in the Run menu obtained via the Start button Run option or using the Start Programs option When this is the first time you open the newly installed software the measuring station and software will not be configured to match each other and the following message will be displayed Your Online Pro configuration files need to be installed You should only need to do this when you first run Online Pro Please insert your first configura
49. ened forwards until the chains support it 4 Press key 1 on the Sensus logger Figure 1 If the display backlight is lit and menu information shown go to step 8 If the display remains blank then the T Moo A battery in line fuse is missing or the battery level is too low to operate the system Ninn y Normally the battery in line fuse is removed from the Logger for long 01096 term storage and transit Key 1 Key2 Key3 Key 4 5 Check that the battery fuse is in place in the in line fuse holder in the red Figure 1 Sensus logger display or brown line to the battery and keys Figure 2 If missing insert it 6 With the fuse in place if there is still no activity on the display connect the battery charger supplied to the Charge socket on the right hand panel of the Sensus unit Page 10 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Commissioning Users Handbook 10 11 12 2 4 Charge the battery for at least 24 hours before using it in the field then disconnect the charger a Charge Socket When sufficient power is available ae the logger will start logging data n Line immediately Fuse Holder When you do not want to start logging at this time press Key 1 to display the Power control menu The keys implement the options shown immediately above them on the san BATTERI menus The menu structure
50. er has the format x y where x is the minimum number of Page 34 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook characters output padded with leading 0 s and y is the number of decimal places displayed So to output wind direction as three digits with leading 0 s and no decimal point you would use 3 0 to output a temperature to one decimal place you would use 0 1 Refreshing the web page It is possible to get a web browser to refresh reload a page periodically and so display undated data To do this you must add lt meta HTTP EQUIV REFRESH CONTENT x gt into the template file in the lt HEAD gt section Where x is the number of seconds between refreshes The frequency of the refreshes should be set to balance the time it takes to refresh the page with the importance of have the data in real time 5 4 Working with Historic Data Historic data is any data not being displayed in real time It is not possible to look at historic data while the program is gathering and displaying real time data There are three methods of obtaining historic data from logged PC records stored by Online Pro from logged records stored by the measuring station and from logged records stored on Compact Flash Memory Cards by the Sensus Data Logger The ability to download data from the logger built into the measuring station is a useful option that allows you to compare it with data logged by Online Pro or to obt
51. for full two way operation with a high power radio link as described in this chapter is possible ONLY when the Nomad system receives its power from a landline Page 15 of 68 Operation via Direct Link NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 3 2 1 Download Sensus Store Data can be downloaded from the Sensus store to a PC only while the Nomad and PC are connected directly via an RS 232 cable link landline interface a GSM modem link or a high power radio link with landline power Data cannot be downloaded while the Online Pro Application Software is operating in real time mode or connected via a low power radio link 1 With PC and Sensus connected as described above start Online Pro 2 Use the Download Clone on early software option on the WeatherStations menu The Download Weather Station dialog is displayed 3 Highlight the name of the Nomad station to be downloaded and press the Download Clone button When the Nomad is connected via a GSM modem or high power radio link Online Pro will call the relevant system automatically 4 Specify a filename for the downloaded data and choose a directory in which to save it 5 Press the Save button The data from the Nomad system is downloaded to your PC and converted into a log file format for further use by Online Pro 3 2 2 Download to a CompactFlash Card When visiting the Nomad data can be downloaded from the Sensus store to a CompactFlash card
52. for rapid and secure attachment of a variety of sensors Channel numbering starts from the left side bottom row and alternates between the bottom and top row from left to right In addition the pins of each connector are numbered from left to right A copy of this connector pin assignment diagram is located on the reverse of the connector cover plate for reference in the field Also see Figure 28 Chapter 9 7 4 1 To insert a wire into a Wire Preparation and Insertion Figure 21 Stripped spring terminal first strip conductor back the insulation Figure 22 leaving 10 mm of bare Depressing clamp wire exposed as shown in 10 mm appead while inserting Figure 21 Sears Using a small 91093 flat headed screw driver Remove the Use a small imil fully d screwdriver to screwdriver to or similar fully depress release the depress the the orange plunger clamp and orange clamp located above the hole grip the while inserting conductor the stripped into which the wire is to be inserted and insert the wire into the hole as far as it will go as shown in Figure 22 Release the orange plunger and the wire is held captive by the connector Figure 23 A gentle tug on the wire will confirm that it is held firmly Figure 23 Conductor firmly held 7 4 2 Standard Sensus Settings for Nomad Systems end of the conductor Table 3 Standard configuration and channe
53. ges can be user configured to suit your specific requirements Simple mouse controlled operations enable display elements to be added customised or deleted Data files created by the software employ a standard ASCII plain text format allowing them to be incorporated into many commercial spreadsheet word processing or data base applications The software can be supplied to operate in network mode so that real time values can be accessed and displayed by multiple users For more information on using the Online Pro application please refer to the help available via the software help buttons These are the recommended steps for getting your system started Install the software Configure the software for your system Load the configuration files from the configuration disks supplied when software and measuring system have been supplied at the same time Refer to Part 2 of the Online Pro User Manual for configuring your software when changes have been made to the system or are required or new stations have been added Specify required data Select the measurements and information you want to display Set up display pages Add real time display items Operate the software Display real time data View historic data 5 2 Installation Un Installation on Windows 95 98 ME NT 4 amp 2000 System Requirements IBM compatible PC with Pentium II or better processor At least 8 MB of free RAM space Microsoft Windows 98 ME 2000 and NT 4
54. ial ATD Connect connect OK ok Busy busy No carrier no carrier No dialtone no dialtone No answer no answer When a different type of modem is to be used these details may differ refer to data available from the modem supplier The rate that Online Pro communicates with a GSM modem may not be the same as the speed set in the Sensus unit Page 62 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Power Supplies Users Handbook 9 POWER SUPPLIES 9 1 Solar Power The Sensus Logger incorporates a solar power regulator as standard This can operate with nominal 12 V solar panels with outputs up to 30 W with a short circuit current of no more than 2 A The BP Solar Panel suppled with the Nomad system has an output of 5 W It should be wired to the solar connector identified in Figure 27 The pin assignments for the solar panel connector are as follows Pin Assignment 1 Solar panel negative terminal 2 Solar panel positive terminal 9 2 Battery The Sensus Logger incorporates a 12 V lead acid battery charger as standard This charger is designed to operate in conjunction with a nominal 12 V lead acid battery and supplies a maximum charge current of 0 5 A The battery should be wired to the batt connector identified in Figure 28 The pin assignments for the 12 V lead acid battery connector are as follows Pin Assignment 1 Battery negative terminal 2 Battery positive terminal Solar Panel connector gt a gt 2
55. ime windrose Temp humidity graph Pressure graph Solarimeter graph 4 To make the application switch automatically between selected pages in real time mode click the Auto switch option on the Pages menu Pageing TF Enable page switching Page numbers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Time interval secs 5 Cancel The Automatic page switching dialog is displayed with the following options Tick box Enables automatic page switching Page numbers Identifies the page numbers to be displayed and the order in which they will be displayed Time interval Specifies a time interval between page changes in seconds Click the check box to enable page switching Enter the required page numbers separated by commas in the order they are to be displayed for example 1 4 5 2 3 7 Enter a suitable time interval in seconds for each page to be displayed 8 Click OK to confirm your choices The remaining options on the View menu are described in later Sections Page 27 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook When a permanent or regular link is made between the system and the PC all items required for the display page or pages have been added and positioned the data sources required by the layout are defined connected and operating the system can be operated in real time mode Real time operation can be switched on or off in three ways Icon Press the clock icon Menu Opti
56. ing period has been set to one minute or more whereupon an internal power save function comes into effect and the LCD becomes blank switching on again only as data is logged Should the LCD be blank it can be reactivated immediately without having to wait for a log cycle by pressing any one of the front panel keys 7 6 CompactFlash Cards CompactFlash memory cards are lightweight small form factor removable data storage devices built around reliable Flash storage technology The Sensus Logger s integrated CompactFlash slot allows it s storage capacity to be increased and in addition provides a compact and reliable method of transporting data from site for analysis The slot is located on the right hand Page 54 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Sensus Data Logger Users Handbook side of the unit directly above the primary RS 232 9 way D Type port as shown in Figure 2 Chapter 2 The unit has been designed to recognise CompactFlash ATA cards and treat them as IDE hard disk drives thereby simplifying the process of data transfer to PCs The same card can be connected to a suitably equipped PC and the files transferred without the need for specialist software The current technical specification for suitable CompactFlashTM cards is outlined below Operating voltage 3 3 VDC Temperature range 20 to 70 C Physical size CompactFlash CF Type 1 Capacity 4 MB to 256 MB Note capacity is limited by file system only FAT
57. ion with data being transmitted continuously to the PC as described in Chapter 4 The default rate is to download at 20 second intervals Nomad systems fitted with a Low Power Radio link are delivered pre configured ready for use The low power radio operates at a nominal frequency 458 MHz on eight channels that can be selected by the user Channel selection is accomplished by setting a 3 X 3 pin header on the Transmitter Module as detailed in Table 4 Table 4 Selection of low power radio channels cso CS1 CcS2 Channel Frequency MHz 1 2 1 2 1 2 7 458 6000 1 2 1 2 2 3 6 458 5750 1 2 2 3 1 2 5 458 5625 1 2 2 3 2 3 4 458 5500 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 458 5375 2 3 1 2 2 3 2 458 5250 2 293 2 3 1 2 1 458 5125 2 3 2 3 2 3 0 458 5000 These frequencies are those programmed for UK standard MPT1329 license exempt equipment 8 4 1 Low Power Radio Transmitter Specification Frequency range Frequency stability Number of RF channels RF output power into 50 Q Adjacent channel power TX switching time Modulation input analogue digital Frequency response Deviation with 12 5 kHz channel spacing Channel switching delay Channel spacing Modulation type Spurious emissions conducted radiated Supply voltage Supply current at 7 2V Interface connections RF connection Operating temperature Storage temperature Size overall Weight Type approval Page 60 of 68 458 5 to 458 6 M
58. it has one topic for each weather station defined in the system with the topic name being the same as the weather station name The Information Topic can be used to obtain these names It provides basic information about the application with the following items Item name Realtime WeatherStations WeatherStation Description Gives the string Yes if Online Pro is currently in real time mode or No if not Gives the number of weather stations defined in the application Gives the name of the numbered weather station e g item WeatherStation2 gives the name of the second weather station This name can then be used itself as a topic name to request information about individual weather stations is a number between 1 and the number returned by the WeatherStations item The Weather Station Topic gives the following information about the channels on the weather stations Item name Channels Name Channel Page 40 of 68 Description Gives the number of channels on the weather station Gives the name of the channel Gives the latest data value of the weather station channel is a number between 1 and the number returned by the Channels item NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Standard Sensors 6 THE NOMAD SYSTEM COMPONENTS A complete system can consist of the following basic components Sensors Tripod Data Logger Communication facilities Power supply PC
59. l limits used for Nomad Systems Channel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Descrip Rainfall Wind speed Pressure Direction Air Humidity Solarimeter tion temperature Units mm m s mbar degrees C RH W m Type Counter Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Analog Informa Pulse count Frequency Single Single Single ended Single Single tion Reset at Reset on ended ended Gain x 1 ended ended midnight scan Gain x 1 Gain x 1 No current Gain x 1 Gain x 10 No current No current source No current No current source source source source Page 52 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Sensus Data Logger Users Handbook Channel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Input 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Channel Display HHH A HA HHHH A HHH AHH A HHH A HHHH A Format Polyno 0 0 2 0 0 07246 350 500 0 199 40 100 0 100 27 mial sensor 11990 4 specific sensor specific Enabled Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Logged Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Minimum 0 0 0 0 800 0 0 0 40 0 0 0 0 0 Limit Maximum 100 0 100 0 1100 0 360 0 60 100 0 2000 0 Limit General Information Station ID Nomad XXXXXX XXXXX is replaced with a serial number when profile transferred Station number 1 Sensor scan rate Default 5 seconds Fast 2 seconds Default 5 minutes Fast 30 seconds Logging enabled Yes Alarms defined None Alarms enabled No Serial communications All port
60. landline Full control and real time data download Passive high or low power radio Continuous near real time data download GSM Full control and real time data download on dial up customer to arrange contract etc 8 1 Direct Cable Link A direct cable link is able to provide continuous full time communication between the Nomad weather station and the PC Temporay connection is made when visiting the Nomad unit to download stored data A simple permanent cable link can be used when the PC and Nomad are located no more than 50 m 160 ft apart for example when the PC is ina nearby shelter A land line interface Part number 142009C is available for distances up to 500 m This is connected via a single cable Part number W4 1602 4 that carries both 24 V DC power for the Nomad unit and communication signals that use the RS485 protocol Please consult Casella CEL for further details or when greater distances are required Operation with these methods of communication are described in Chapter 3 8 2 CompactFlash Cards CompactFlash Cards enable a larger quantity of data to be stored by the Nomad unit The standard Sensus Digital Data Logger installed in a Nomad system can store up to 516 kB of data CompactFlash Cards can store up to 256 MB CompactFlash Cards also allow simple transfer of data when visiting the Nomad unit as the card can be removed complete with data and taken back to the laboratory or office for downloading t
61. ly new page layouts prepared by the user The data from several measuring stations can be presented on the same screen page where the only limitation is the user s ingenuity in positioning the required items on the page Figure 9 shows some of the possibilities Sections 5 3 2 and 5 3 3 describe how to edit or add to the screen settings The application can switch between real time pages automatically to allow the data from all stations to be monitored constantly in a specified sequence 5 3 1 Viewing Pages and Operating in Real Time 1 Select the File menu and click the Open option Page 26 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook 2 On the Open dialog click the name of the configuration file you want to display for example display onl which is the standard configuration supplied for Nomad systems The first screen page of the specified configuration will be displayed When using the standard Nomad configuration the Instantaneous values page will be shown When the selected stations are linked via radio the default setting transmits real time data every 20 seconds 3 Display further pages from the selected configuration by selecting the View menu clicking the Pages option then selecting the required page from the flyout menu The following pages are available from the standard Nomad configuration Instantaneous Values 2 minute averages 10 minute averages Map overlay Real t
62. me location of the output file Usually this will be on a server You must obtain suitable access rights to create files in this folder Finally set the update interval Online Pro will update the web page at this interval Template file format Usually the template file will be a standard HTML file Online Pro reads this template and replaces certain portions of text with the real time values gathered from weather stations It can also give the date and time that the file was updated Date time To get Online Pro to output the date time when the web page was written you must include the following items of text in the template file ONLINEPRO DATE and ONLINEPRO TIME The date time will be output in the standard format defined on the PC running Online Pro Real time values To output real time values you must insert text like this ONLINEPRO ws_name channel_name where ws_name is the name of the weather station and channel_name is the name of a channel on that weather station This will output the raw data values coming from the weather station with no further formatting Formatting real time values If you do not want to display the raw channel values you can control the output format by adding the formatting instructions between the channel_name and the in the above format note there must be no spaces between the channel name and the format specifier or between the format specifier and the This formatting specifi
63. measured and the units in which you want it displayed The total amount of rain measured in the selected month will be displayed in a Monthly Rainfall Total field provided log files for the selected period were created by the application Page 39 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Data source AWS jawsr y Data channel Rainfall mm y Weather station units mm y Display units mm Month Month June X Year 2000 Cancel 5 5 Dynamic Data Exchange Dynamic Data Exchange DDE allows one application to access data and or control another The application providing the data is called the server and the one requesting the data is the client Online Pro acts as a server Online Pro allows other applications to request information from it about the real time data it is collecting from measuring stations This data can then be used for calculations in a spreadsheet included in a word processor report or even used to keep a web site updated For details of how to use your applications as DDE clients please refer to their individual documentation DDE data transactions are based on a three level hierarchy the top level being the application or service name then the topic and item names The Online Pro application service name is OnlinePro no space It always has available the topic information that provides general information about the state of the application In addition
64. merely by plugging an empty card into the slot in the right hand panel of the Sensus Data Logger Wait until the activity on the Sensus display finishes then remove the card 3 2 3 Download CompactFlash Cards CompactFlash cards can be removed from the Sensus unit for downloading so that the stored data can be downloaded to your PC in two ways If the PC has a PCMCIA socket a flash card adaptor can be plugged into the socket Alternatively a stand alone FlashCard Reader can be plugged into one of the PC communication ports Once connected both of these devices will log on to your PC as an additional drive which can be accessed using Windows Explorer Data downloaded from cards must be converted for use with Online Pro Application Software 3 3 Read Data from the Sensus Display When visiting the measuring station the display keys on the Sensus Data Logger can be used to show data and other information on the display 1 Press key 1 see Figure 1 The first screen of the Sensus menu system will be displayed This is shown at the top left of the menu structure diagram in Figure 6 Note 3 A CompactFlash card which has already stored or download data cannot function with a measuring station that has a different configuration from the last used station Therefore either clear the card before starting operations with a different station or select only a card that has previously been used with the same station Page 16 of 68
65. n the cutouts Angle 5 in the base plate When additional sensors are Locki Aux A ocking supplied with a Nomad Special Wheel pl Junction System deploy them as required TUS Box Loosen the locking wheel on the solar panel attachment and gently pull the bottom of the panel E q outwards until it is at right angles to the radiation from the sun as shown in Figure 5 01055 Figure 5 Adjusting the solar panel Page 13 of 68 Commissioning NOMAD Portable fede aa Set it at right angles to the centre of the sun s anticipated course when longer measurements are to be performed Then lock the wheel again 28 Remove the protective cover from the solar panel and keep it in a safe place Security 29 For additional security the winged locking screws on the tripod can be replaced by Allen screws supplied the case padlocked not supplied and the case clamp screws locked with additional Allen screws supplied The Nomad is now deployed and ready for operation Dismantling the system and re packing it in the carrying bags will be the reverse of this procedure Make sure the cover is replaced on the solar panel and the locking wheel is tightened to prevent the panel moving in transit When dismantling your system if it is wet ensure that all components are dried before re placing them in the carrying bags or on return to the laboratory or office Make sure the bags are dried too Page
66. ndensation and are resilient to airborne pollution i The hygrometer is of the capacitative type and is largely free from drift It offers high repeatability over large ranges of humidity for long periods The temperature sensor is based 01056 upon a platinum resistance element to f BS1904 DIN 43760 and incorporates E tOrmpararure linearisation electronics within the sensor and relative humidity sensor The output from the temperature sensor is used to compensate the hygrometer for temperature effects Outputs from both of these sensors are led to a terminal box on the sensor cross arm from where a single sensor cable is taken to the 7 pin socket on the bottom panel of the environmental case 6 2 1 Temperature Sensor Specification Sensor type Thin film platinum resistance Measurement range 40 C to 60 C Accuracy 0 3 C at 0 C 0 55 C at 50 C Operating Temperature 40 C to 60 C 6 2 2 Humidity Sensor Specification Sensor type Capacitative Measuring range 0 100 RH Calibrated accuracy 3 RH Hysteresis 1 Linearity 11 5 RH between 5 95 RH Time constant lt 10 s between 10 and 90 RH Page 42 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Standard Sensors Operating temperature 25 to 80 C 6 2 3 General Specification Part number 187012B Supply voltage 8 to 24 V supplied from environmental case Power consumption Typically 10 mA
67. o the PC Inserting CompactFlash Cards is detailed in Section 2 3 operation is described in Chapter 3 while brief technical details are given in Section 7 6 8 3 High Power Radio Link Casella CEL can supply a High Power Radio link that communicates between Nomad and PC over a line of site range up to 20 km 12 miles When the Nomad weather station is powered via a landline the high power radio will be configured at the factory ready for use with continuous two way communication Control and data download will be as described in Chapter 3 When the Nomad system must depend for power only on the solar panel and internal battery the high power radio will be configured at the factory for use as a passive link This will allow only one way communication with data being transmitted continuously to the PC as described in Chapter 4 Figure 25 The high power radio transmitter 8 3 1 High Power Radio Transmitter Specification RF Frequency 400 MHz 480 MHz RF Power 5 mW to 12 W Page 58 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Communication Number of RF channels Channel Separation Modulation Receiver Sensitivity Antenna Connector 17 25 kHz 12 kHz F3D 0 3 uV for 10 dB SINAD BNC TNC 8 3 2 High Power Radio Modem Specification Interface Baud Rate standard extended Data Word Parity Stop Bits Modulation Interface Transmission speed 19200 9600 4800 2400 1200 600 300 1
68. o the next monitoring location without delay Quality construction and an integrated solar panel gives Nomad the independence required for prolonged operation in isolated or inhospitable environments Due to the worldwide increase in environmental legislation many industrial activities including construction demolition and land remediation now have new requirements to monitor local meteorological conditions The environmental conditions impact on many other areas including agrochemical research ecological projects recreational and sporting activities The Nomad s portability allows the user to monitor any location and as standard measures temperature humidity pressure wind speed wind direction solar radiation and rainfall 1 1 Three Versions Three versions of the Nomad are available Standard System Sensors to measure Air temperature Relative humidity Wind speed Wind direction Solar radiation Barometric pressure Rainfall a separate unit Wind System Sensors to measure Wind speed Wind direction Barometric pressure Special System All of the sensors used in the standard system plus up to four further sensors to measure Soil temperature Leaf wetness Grass minimum temperatures 1 2 Features and Applications The Nomad has the following main features a Portable and lightweight construction to allow rapid system deployment a High quality anodised aluminium and stainless components a Latest logging te
69. ommunication methods 3 1 Start Logging When the Sensus data logger was left running after checking the battery voltage as described in Section 2 3 it will already be logging storing data If the battery in line fuse was removed for transit or the Sensus data logger switched off start logging data to the Sensus as follows 1 Support the weight of the environmental case door undo the clips which hold it shut then lower the door until the chains support it Do not put or hang anything heavy on the lowered door Replace the in line fuse if it has been removed Press key 1 on the Sensus logger shown in Figure 1 When sufficient power is available shown by activity on the display the logger will wait one minute before starting to store data at the rate specified by the active configuration The default rate stores data at 5 minute intervals The Nomad will continue storing data until stopped by the logger keys or lack of power 4 Close and re clip the door of the environmental case 3 2 Get Stored Data The Nomad system can store data on board by logging data into the Sensus data logger memory or by storing data on CompactFlash cards plugged into the Sensus data logger Note 2 Because of power constraints when the Nomad system is powered by the solar panel and internal battery it is configured to operate as a semi passive data transmission system in the same way as the low power radio link See chapter 4 Configuration
70. on 01061 box Clip this box to the lower part of the tripod and connect the output cable to the Figure 17 Soil temperature sensor 7 pin socket in the bottom panel of a special system environmental case The sensor is designed to be installed at any depth by digging a small hole to the required depth locating the sensor then back filling This technique avoids the requirement for multi length probes and is simpler and more reliable than attempting to insert long thin probes into hard soil The sensor may be used to measure ground surface temperature by installing in the top 1 cm of the soil sample 6 8 1 Soil Temperature Sensor Specification Part number Sensor type Measuring range Calibrated accuracy Supply voltage Power consumption Output calibration Page 46 of 68 120620B Semi conductor current generator 40 C to 60 C 0 5 C between 20 to 50 C 7to15V Typically lt 1 mA Nominally 1 5 V at 0 C and 1 8 V at 50 C NOMAD Portable Weather Station Optional Sensors Users Handbook Units are individually calibrated and provided with offset and multiplier values Cable 3 m cable supplied 6 9 Leaf Wetness Sensor This is an additional sensor available for use with Special Nomad Weather Systems i The leaf wetness sensor is s connected by cable to an auxilliary junction 01062 box Clip this box to the lower part of the tripod and connect the output cable to the Figure
71. on Use the Realtime option on the Weather Stations menu Keyboard Press Ctrl R keys at the same time When in operating in real time mode the display will be updated each time the link is made so the low power radio link gives a near real time display updated typically every 20 seconds A GSM system is not really suitable because when it is set to read data once per hour the display will update only once per hour 5 3 2 Setting Up Pages The following procedure details how to set up and add items to the real time display pages also see Figure 10 1 2 7 Page 28 of 68 Select the View menu and click the Pages option To change the page names click the Rename option Page Names Pages Number Name 1 Map overlay Real time wind rose Cancel The Page Names dialog will be displayed on o a w N By default pages are identified as Page 1 Page 2 etc but can be given more suitable names such as site identity or measurement group as used by the Nomad configuration shown Make suitable entries for the pages When all entries have been made confirm them be clicking OK To change the background colour of a page click the Background Colour option on the Pages menu A further menu is displayed with options to specify Normal Colour Alert Colour and Alarm Colour Each option displays a Colour selection dialog Make suitable choices for example green normal yellow alert and r
72. on tube complete with sensor head as high as it will go and clamp it in place A stop prevents the tube from being removed from the upright 7 When additional sensors are supplied with a Nomad Special System they will all be connected to a common auxiliary junction box Remove this from the bag Connection 8 Remove the rain gauge from the small bag 9 Tip the environmental case on to its back to reveal the colour coded connectors in the bottom panel 10 Remove the blanking plug from the 8 pin red socket and plug in the cable from the sensor head red plug 11 Remove the blanking plug from the 4 pin blue socket and plug in the cable from the rain gauge blue plug 12 When additional sensors are to be used remove the blanking plug from the 7 pin yellow socket and plug in the output cable from the auxiliary box yellow plug 13 Open the two clamp screws on the rear of the environmental case Page 12 of 68 engage them on the tripod upright then clamp the case loosly in place on the tripod upright NOMAD Portable Weather Station Commissioning Users Handbook Orientation 14 15 16 17 18 Guided by the compass supplied rotate the case on the upright so that the solar panel faces towards the sun Face it towards the centre of the sun s anticipated course when longer measurements are to be performed Then clamp the case securely in place as high on the upright as possible It s weight
73. placing them in the carrying bags If this is not possible dry them on return to the laboratory or office and dry the bags too 10 2 The Rain Gauge Check for debris leaves etc and clear out the funnel regularly Page 65 of 68 Routine Care NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 66 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Service Users Handbook 11 SERVICE AND WARRANTY To ensure its conformity with the specification this instrument is thoroughly inspected and it s accuracy verified prior to dispatch All technical information is filed under the instrument serial number which should therefore be quoted in any correspondence The manufacturers undertake to rectify any defect in the instrument that is directly attributable to faulty design or assembly and which becomes apparent during the warranty period In order to take advantage of this warranty the instrument must be returned carriage paid to the manufacturer s factory or accredited agent where necessary repairs will be carried out The warranty period runs for 12 months from the date of receipt of goods with exceptions on certain specialised components supplied by other manufacturers which may be warranted for shorter or longer periods by their actual manufacturers In all such cases the benefit of these undertakings will be passed on to the user CASELLA CEL s liability is limited to items of their own manufacture and they do not accept lia
74. ply Voltage 6 28 V DC supplied from environmental case Power consumption Typically 3 mA 9 mA during first 60 s after power on 6 5 Global Solar Radiation Sensor The solarimeter is mounted on the sensor head cross arm between the wind speed and direction sensors It measures the intensity of total global solar radiation received at the earth s surface in terms of Watts m2 and responds to both direct and diffused sunlight received from the whole hemisphere Diffused sunlight continues to reach the earth even when the sun is obscured behind cloud and in the twilight period before sunrise and after sun set 01059 The sensor is based upon a silicon Figure 14 Solar radiation sensor photo detector which is housed within a weather proof anodised aluminium body designed for reliable long term operation in outdoor conditions Page 44 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Standard Sensors Users Handbook 6 5 1 Global Solar Radiation Sensor Specification Part number 187010B Spectral range 0 4 to 1 1 um Range 0 2000 W m2 Sensitivity Typically 100 uV W m2 Response time lt 1s Cosine response Typically lt 10 from normal to 80 of normal Operating temp 40 C to 80 C Supply voltage Passive device no supply is required Output calibration Typically 100 uV W m2 supplied with individual calibration details 6 5 2 Sunshine Duration The internal logger can determine daily Sunshine hour values The ac
75. rtion to the dust concentration from the specified direction The wind direction options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the wind direction data plus a data channel Similarly dust concentration options allow you to specify the measuring station that is to be the source of the dust concentration data and the channel to transmit it The position size colour and distance between the circles of the windrose are determined by options on the Dustrose dialog There is also a duration option that sets the rolling duration used in the display and calculations so that all data displayed is from this period Initially the real time dustrose will display any relevant data that has been logged by the program in the time period that it is displaying Each item can show only a single real time windrose However windrose overlays can be positioned together to show wind directions from several points around an area 5 3 4 Saving the Display File When all items required for the display page or pages have been added and positioned you can save the screen layout for re use 1 Select the File menu and use the Save As option 2 Enter a suitable filename and file path in the Save As dialog 3 Press Save to save your choice The screen layout including all pages will be saved and can be loaded for use at any time via the File menu and the Open option If required a screen layout can be loaded autom
76. rts o Soe Sig Maes e 2 2 Siting Jolt das eel fs Dike Gude ee amp Meta ee el O 2 3 Preparing for Use SO a oa ie see bot in vcs Er ges a ay a Ol 2 4 Deploying the Sensors a Seg tne Gal 3 OPERATION USING A DIRECT LINK BETWEEN VPC AND NOMAD VIA FLASH CARDS CABLE GSM MODEM OR HIGH POWER RADIO 15 3 1 Start Logging Bk Tete Ge Ui AS ae LO 3 2 Get Stored Data AA Aa ear LD 3 2 1 Download Sensus Store e Segue LG 3 2 2 Download to a CompactFlash Card a XL e ae LO 3 2 3 Download CompactFlash Cards A K 3 3 Read Data from the Sensus Display 16 3 4 Display Real Time Data Pr a LA 3 5 View Downloaded Cloned Data wom LS 4 OPERATION USING A PASSIVE RADIO LINK BETWEEN NPC AND NOMAD 4 Ghee ee Me at eo See oe ES 4 1 Start Logging As tig a 19 4 2 Display Real Time Data pie tas Dai ia ay o 4 3 View Downloaded Cloned Data 20 5 ONLINE PRO APPLICATION SOFTWARE 21 5 1 Introduction to Online Pro Version 1 2 Se ZL 5 2 Installation Un Installation on Windows Mos 98 ME NT48 2000 PE woh AZ 5 2 1 Installation mada thas de pr 29 5 2 2 Un Installation 1 a es ee ZS 5 2 3 Starting Online Pro for the First Time e we on ZS 5 2 4 Password Protection 24 5 2 5 Loading a Default File 2 2 4 24 5 3 Operation in Real Time dto 25 5 3 1
77. s gt Se gt Sey nots ate a a g a Sn arg oe rts Su ets Su Qt Bh EERE agtig lt o To a Mei tia dido i TEEPE EE PP aa S xI gt im gt 100 gt gt O o e E o 3 Vsw Te AL2 CHG a sl lt o oO 01072 Battery connector Figure 27 Solar panel and battery connection in the Sensus logger 9 3 Direct Landline Connection Power for the Nomad unit can be supplied via a land line interface Part number 142009C which is suitable for distances up to 500 m The connection is made via a single cable Part number W4 1602 4 that carries both 24 V DC power for the Nomad and communication signals Please consult Casella CEL for further details or when greater distances are required Page 63 of 68 Power Supplies NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 64 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Routine Care Users Handbook 10 ROUTINE CARE 10 1 General Make sure all components are kept clean and free from staining algae etc Cleaning should be carried out using a soft damp cloth If the Nomad is to be left on location for long periods the tripod and metal parts may be wiped with mild detergent and possibly a small quantity of disinfectant to discourage algae growth Solvents or other cleaning products must not be used on the environmental enclosure When dismantling the system after use if the components are wet make sure they are dried before re
78. s 9800 8 1 N no flow control Modem definition Default settings Logging rate Modem enabled No Auto transmit mode enabled No Idle time 60 seconds 20 seconds Active low for interface to low power radio Transmit period Radio enable 7 5 Sensus Communications The Sensus Logger is fitted with several communications interfaces two RS 232 and one RS 485 These interfaces allow both control of the logger via different media and data to be logged from other instruments with similar interfaces 7 5 1 RS 232 Command The primary command interface to the Sensus Logger is located on the right hand end of the logger case marked RS 232 Command This 9 way D type connector has the same pin out as a similar 9 way connector found on most modern PCs The pin connections for the RS 232 Command 9 way D type connector are as follows Pin Assignment 2 Receive data out 3 Transmit data out 4 DTR out linked internally to 7 5 Ground 7 RTS out linked internally to 4 8 CTS in Page 53 of 68 Sensus Data Logger NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook It is to this port that a PC is usually connected in order to program interrogate the logger The Sensus Logger is shipped from Casella CEL with this primary command interface set to the following parameters Default parameters Primary command interface Baud rate 9600 Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Handshake None All of these parameters may be
79. stop until the card has been replaced with an empty one The following equations let the user calculate the record capacity and the store duration for external media Capacity in MB x 1048576 x 0 95 7 Channels x 4 Record Capacity Record Capacity x Logging Interval Store Duration Again these equations should be used only as a guideline for the same reasons as given for the internal store and also because of the approximation that only 95 of the card s capacity is available for actual data storage Some example CompactFlash result capacities are given in Table 2 Table 2 External Store Capacity 16 MB Number of Logging Interval Record Capacity Storage Capacity Channels mins 1 1 1448941 2 7 years 1 10 1448941 27 years 1 60 1448941 165 years 7 1 455381 316 days 7 10 455381 8 6 years 7 60 455381 51 years Page 51 of 68 Sensus Data Logger NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 7 4 Input Connections Nomad Weather Stations are normally delivered with all required channels connected to the Sensus unit However in the event of cables becoming disconnected the following sections give guidance for re connection Remove the connector cover plate to gain access to the input connector array It consists of 3 4 and 5 way detachable connector blocks to which sensor outputs are wired The combination of spring clamp technology and plug in modules allow
80. sus Operations will be found in the Sensus Digital Data Logger User Manual 7 2 Commands A detailed description of all the commands available on the Sensus Logger is beyond the scope of this manual When this information is essential to your particular application please contact Casella CEL and request a copy of the document Sensus A Programmers Guide 7 3 Logging By default the Sensus logs data to its internal record store at an interval specified by the user If the logger detects the presence of a compatible CompactFlash card it automatically uses this instead When the card is removed the logger reverts to using its internal store For information on the use of CompactFlash cards please refer to Section 7 6 The logger operates with two logging rates one normal rate and one fast rate Switching between these two rates is handled automatically by the alarm system For further information about alarms please refer to the Sensus User Manual Both logging rates can be set to any value between 5 seconds and 24 hours Any data channel that has its log active flag set will be included when the next log event occurs Logging globally can be disabled enabled by changing the log active flag held in the logging configuration This allows logging to be suspended temporarily without changing all the channel flags 7 3 1 Internal Capacity The Sensus Logger has 512 kBytes of internal Flash storage available
81. tion disk click on OK then select the drive containing the configuration disk and click on OK When both software and measuring system have been supplied together a configuration disk or disks will also have been supplied that include configuration files to match the particular sensors in your measuring system and their method of telemetry as described here However if Online Pro was supplied on its own perhaps to be used with an existing measurement system the configuration disk supplied contains Page 23 of 68 Online Pro Software NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook non specific OnlinePro Untitled Biles configuration files File Edit View WeatherStations Help that must be edited oS 90 after installation as described in the Online Pro User Manual Insert your first configuration disk and follow the instructions given by the on screen message The Message line configuration files will be loaded and the top level window shown in Figure 7 Ready Page 1 displayed As the cursor is moved to each button the relevant function will be displayed on the message line at the bottom left of the display Figure 7 The top level window 5 2 4 Password Protection This limits access to measuring station definitions and configurations only to password holders which stops unauthorised users from changing weather station properties 1 To enable weather station protection select the Protection option from th
82. to hold logged information This store is updated in a first in first out manner so that the earliest records are always being replaced with the newest ones While this means the logger will never stop recording data only a set period of time will remain available for collection at any time The number of records held and the period of time covered by the internal store depend on both the number of channels being logged and the logging interval Page 50 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Sensus Data Logger The following equations let the user calculate the record capacity and the store duration 524288 Record Capacit 7 Channels x 4 pon Re cord Capacity x Logging Interval Store Duration These equations should be used only as a guideline as the logging interval may change during operation especially if the fast mode option has been enabled in the alarms Some example internal result capacities are shown in Table 1 Table 1 Internal Store Capacity 512 kB Number of Logging Interval Record Capacity Storage Capacity Channels mins 1 1 47662 33 days 1 10 47662 33 days 1 60 47662 5 4 years 7 1 14979 10 days 7 10 14979 104 days 7 60 14979 1 7 years 7 3 2 External Capacity When logging to external media such as CompactFlash cards the store is updated with data being added to the card until it becomes full Logging will then
83. uring download a progress indicator will be displayed 5 4 2 Downloading from CompactFlash Cards When data from the Sensus Data Logger has been stored on a CompactFlash Card it can be downloaded to a PC in two ways When your PC has a PCMCIA socket you can use a Flash Card Adaptor that plugs into the socket otherwise a stand alone Flash Card Reader can be plugged into one of the PC communication ports Once connected both of these devices will log on to your PC system as an additional drive which can be accessed via your normal Windows Explorer Note that the file format of FlashCard files must be converted for use with Online Pro The conversion can be performed at the same time as the files are transferred to your PC converted as described in Section 5 4 3 or the files may be be copied from drive to drive for later conversion 5 4 3 Converting Online and CompactFlash Files Different formats are used for the log files produced by earlier versions of Online software for CompactFlash files and for the log files produced by Online Pro Online Pro can convert files produced by earlier Online software and the files stored on a Flash Card into log files that can be used by Online Pro 1 Use the Convert option on the File menu Options for Online Log File and Compact Flash are offered 2 Select the required conversion A standard Windows Open dialog is displayed 3 For Online files select the file dat to be
84. used in meteorology are intended to represent general conditions over as large an area around the measuring point as possible To achieve the most representative local conditions the Nomad should be sited in an unobstructed area open to the sun and wind This also maximises the efficiency of the solar panel power supply Sites sheltered by trees or buildings in hollows or on the sides of hills are not recommended neither are sites on buildings as none of these locations will give representative measurements The Nomad Portable Weather Station is designed to meet these conditions It s sensors are mounted on a cross bar 2 0 m above the ground Undere severe wind conditions using guy ropes or attaching sand bags will offer additional stability The U K Meteorological Office Met Office recommends that the instruments be installed over closely mown grass For further guidance refer to the Met Office leaflets Making weather observations Manual weather measurements Automatic weather measurements Voluntary observations network 2 3 Preparing for Use Before leaving the laboratory or office to deploy the Nomad system check that the battery in the environmental case is charged 1 With the handle uppermost stand the environmental case on a horizontal surface 2 Support the weight of the door undo the clips which hold it shut then lower the door 3 Tilt the case backwards to counterbalance the weight of the door as it is op
85. wever undertake the repair of other manufacturers equipment For further information please contact the service department at our Bedford headquarters who will be happy to provide quotations for individual repairs or provide annual maintenance under contract Because of their policy of continuous product development Casella CEL reserves the right to change the contents of this Handbook without notice Page 67 of 68 Service NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 68 of 68
86. will stabilise the tripod however for additional stability the pegs provided can be used to peg down the tripod feet Under severe wind conditions guy lines not provided may also be needed to stabilise the upper part of the tripod when extended When additional sensors are to be used clip the auxiliary box to the lower part of the tripod Loosen the locking screw then rotate the sensor head and extension tube until the red N mark on the Wind Direction sensor weather vane is pointing directly north Use the compass to confirm that the sensor head cross bar is now running due north south When the sensor head is correctly aligned clamp the extension tube securely in place Rain Gauge 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Deploy the rain gauge at least 4 m from the tripod Release the two catches securing the outer cover to the base of the rain gauge Carefully lift off the cover and stand it in a safe place With the base plate mounted in its correct location on site adjust the three levelling screws until the built in spirit level indicates that the unit is level Once the unit is level secure the locknuts A restriction such as an elastic band may have been fitted to prevent the bucket from moving during transit Carefully remove any restriction Sun and check that the bucket pivots Rays freely a Es Replace the outer cover and Right engage the catches i
87. xactly the same way as any other disk drive Page 55 of 68 Sensus Data Logger NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook Page 56 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Communication Users Handbook 8 COMMUNICATION On delivery the Nomad systems are pre configured for manual data download via cable provided directly to a PC Other telemetry options are illustrated in Figure 24 They are as follows Direct cable link Full control and real time data download Compact Flash cards Simple download of stored data Direct Cable Continuous Two Way Communication PC Running Online Pro YX Software CompactFlash Card Download Data Only During Visit ez as y g a a Running A ESSE Online Pro WN Software High Power Radio with Landline to Nomad GSM Continuous Two Way by Radio Continuous Two Way when Dialled by GSM Sa Pi gt gt a j lt lt PC Running Online Pro N4 Software Passive High or Low Power Radio Continuous Data Download Only eS lt Ee it lt e A PC eN Running Y Online Pro Software Figure 24 Nomad to PC communication possibilities Note 9 These options can be ordered initially or fitted retrospectively by returning the system to Casella CEL Page 57 of 68 Communication NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook High power radio with power supplied to the nomad via
88. y Real Time Data 1 Start Online Pro Select the Open option from the File menu Select Display onl from the Online Pro directory This opens the default screens for data viewing Note 4 Because of power constraints when the Nomad system is powered by the solar panel and internal battery it is configured to operate as a semi passive data transmission system in the same way as the low power radio link described in this chapter Configuration for full two way operation with a high power radio link is possible ONLY when the Nomad system receives its power from a landline as described in Chapter 3 Page 19 of 68 Operation via Passive Radio Link NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook 4 Select the required page from the Pages menu displayed via the View menu 5 Click the clock icon to display data in real time The values on screen should be updating live 6 End real time operation by clicking the clock icon again 4 3 View Downloaded Cloned Data Once the data has been downloaded it is no longer necessary to maintain the link between PC and Sensus while viewing downloaded data 1 Select the Historic option from the View menu 2 Select the Table option 3 Select the file required from the Open dialog Data from the file will be displayed 4 Close down Online Pro after use Page 20 of 68 NOMAD Portable Weather Station Online Pro Software Users Handbook 5 ONLINE PRO APPLICATION SOFTWARE 5
89. y from the obstruction Connect it to the 4 pin socket via the 9 m cable supplied The tipping bucket is a well proven method of monitoring rainfall whith a divided bucket assembly mounted on pivots Page 45 of 68 Standard Sensors NOMAD Portable Weather Station Users Handbook The bucket assembly is adjusted to tip each time an amount of water proportional to 0 2 mm of rainfall has collected in one or other side of the bucket Therefore each time the bucket tips a signal CASELLA proportional to precisely 0 2 mm of rainfall is p sent to the logger The gauge has a body and funnel constructed of aluminium alloy with an accurately machined Septum Ring The aluminium base plate is equipped with levelling screws and a spirit level for precise adjustment 02024 6 7 1 Rainfall Sensor Specification Figure 16 Tipping bucket rainfall Part number Transducer Aperture Resolution Accuracy Capacity Operating temp Supply Voltage Power Consumption Output calibration Cable 187060D Serer Tipping Bucket 400 cm2 0 2 mm per tip 1 Unlimited 1 C to 85 C 7 20 V DC supplied from environmental case Typically 2 3 mA Debounced O to 5 V pulses 9 m cable supplied 6 8 Soil Temperature Sensor This is an additional sensor available for use with Special Nomad Weather Systems The soil temperature sensor is connected by cable to an auxilliary juncti

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