Year 1 Report
Contents
1. 24 G Sensor plugs Need resistors on unused Figure 6 Back of the RFID box includes ports for sensors Figure 7 RFID Sensor Reader The box is then connected to a computer via a serial cable as visible in Figure 5 and diagramed in Figure 8 In this case have used a serial to USB cable since only have a laptop which lack serial connectivity For any future students doing this project with similar circumstances see references item Gallegos 5 3 for a link to the serial to USB driver located A power supply also must be plugged in The wiring setup is shown schematically in Figure 8 Sensor Serial Connection Figure 8 Simple wiring schematic It needs power a serial cable and a sensor Most RFID tags contain at least two components One is just an integrated circuit for saving and processing information The second component is an antenna for signal transmissions 9 1 3 Device Operation After having it all connected software provided by the manufacturer called the RF Command Suite allows box to computer communication If the box is turned on and running correctly without the Fault light lit in red My only problem in this stage was that did not have a resistor plugged into the front in port 2 which absolutely must be done for proper operation then once the software is run from the folder MP9320 RF Command Suite Setup_RFCommandSuite_1_0_13g msi it should be completely ready to go2. part it s hard to imagine someone getting this correct by random chance If a connection is successfully made then the thread is started The client does not have much reason to send data to the server but two conditions exist in which it does and the server now starts to listen for it 1 RFIDClientBye Closes the connection to the client Occurs on the disconnect button 2 RFIDClientSweep Deletes log file Occurs on sweep button Since we re on a loop we automatically go back to listening after a connection is broken or an error occurs This concludes the server s main class 3 3 2 OutputThread Class This is a very wordy class The idea is quite simple however For each file the tag and the log file we want to open it up read it send along new entries to the client We accomplish this new data only protocol on the server side by maintaining variables that contain the contents of the previous entry Each time we open the file we cycle through until we find the last entry and continue from there In the case of the log file we also must consider that the last entry might be identical to another entry Therefore we skip to the last occurrence of the last entry which conveniently occurs concurrently since the data is chronologically ordered This is accomplished easily while input null amp amp input equals lastEntry input inLog rzeadLine After each time we ve read throug
3. only have one useful function here visuals aside The update function The commented part indicates that this particular function hasn t been completed yet and doesn t work public void update TagHandler t appl allTagsResultLabel number EntriesResul let getConnectionPanel getThread getTagHandler kf number setText t getMostActivel PassedHourResultLabel timeLastPassedResul setText Integer toString t getTagCou tLabel activityResultLabel SetText Integer toString t get Tag nt EntryCount ltLabel setText t getLast ime Entry Gallegos 16 firstTagPassLabel setText t getLastEntry secondTagPassLabel setText t getSecondLastEntry thirdTagPassLabel setText t getThirdLastEntry This wordy stuff is simply us updating all the result labels on the main screen It has to point across a few different objects retrieving various functions making it appear quite complex However it s just accessing mostly functions in the TagHandler class 3 1 3 RFIDApp Class The root of everything this class is responsible for switching between the various panels giving the user the proper display It also is coded to provide a gradient background a simple visual effect and it is the base for the Colorize function which has thus far not been mentioned Colorize is an overloaded function that simply give
4. All tags are 24 digits long Find the next again as an integer Add four to the above value Why 3 Because there s a space after the Locate the next carriage return an integer Decrement this value by one Take the string beginning at the first number and ending at the second 10 Place these two strings into a class object completing an organized tag item 11 Continue loop from beginning How do we derive the name is simple The following is an example from Figure 14 A1A050804A150747AA020101 pig The algorithm involves taking the tag from string hextag above locating it in the tag file and filling in what shows up after the sign until the carriage return 2 1 2 Organizing Data The second part is just effectively placing data into a tag object A respective class could roughly appear as follows Gallegos 11 class tag String name String hex Date d Narious get and set functions Theoretically we should be able to just create an array of tags at this point and have ourselves a nice database of information tag myTags new tag 20 We ve got a good format to continue on Next we need to show it to the user 2 1 3 User Interface The third problem simply involves outputting the data in an effective organized manner to a user The main screen should display several things First perhaps a series of buttons which allow search based on various criteria allowing the user t
5. the building at a certain time e Productivity When did it enter a room When did it exit An item took X minutes to complete a certain production stage This valuable information can provide feedback to a company We now have three problems to work out 1 The data must be retrieved at an unknown point of time 2 The data must always be ready to access 3 The result must be output from the program into useful data These problems are all very easily solved by the RF Command Suite By simply leaving it on all the time on the server side it constantly collects data scanning continuously for tags Therefore as long as the server is properly working then it can be accessed at any unknown point in time The RF Command Suite also provides a simple output log in plain text This is done by simply clicking on the Write Log to File checkbox and indicating an output file The following Figure 11 demonstrates the output of 11 tags being waved in a handful in front of the RFID box for testing purposes Note that the log button has been checked and a random file indicated for output Gallegos 8 E SAMSys RF Command Suite 1 0 13 Hie Reader Connection Help TagSummay UpsdFie Erorlog RFCS Config Reader Config eine Function Set IE EC NC E Auto Read Polled Read 3 RF Off Ioj x Command Enter a command or select a command from the history list Date Time 10 05 2008 23 10705 2008 23
6. He is flagged as entering the copying room where he should not be with the paper The source of the leak is therefore immediately discovered as he would have no good reason for entering that particular room What if he were to take the paper and take a lunch break before heading back to his office This can be traced This particular topic is not quite as applicable however if the tag were instead placed on the employee instead of the paper it would always provide time management He would be tracked paper or not throughout the building If he decided to head over into the break room for two hours his unauthorized time mismanagement would be recorded In this particular application we would only know if he decided to head to his destination extremely inefficiently Finally we better know that the job was done The very fact that he went and picked up the paper and not somebody else as the final destination would be different we know that the employee actually did the job and actually fulfilled the task This is not absolutely positive since the employee could potentially just take the paper to his office and do nothing with it before returning it but we can account for him actually taking it If he never picked the paper up the program would know and catch the employee in a lie Gallegos 22 The following diagrams give an idea of what this sort of thing might look like First we examine mock maps of the buildings where sensors are pl
7. and Settings JoshuaDesktop yfid log x Figure 11 Program with plenty of output and a log file started P rfid log Notepad File Edit Format View Help ALAQ50804A150807AA021001 t EPClG2 r Ob FC ALAQ050804A150747AA020101 t EPC1G2 r 03 DO0 A1A050804A154500AA021001 t EPC1G2 r 03 C7 AlAO50804A151901AA021001 t EPClG2 r 06 CC ALAQ050804A151843AA020101 t EPC1G2 r 02 CD ALA050804A151700AA020801 t EPClG2 r 0b FC 10 5 2008 ALA050804A150807AA021001 t EPC1G2 r 04 CE 10 5 2008 Hi irap A1A050804A151714AA020901 t EPC1G2 98 10 5 2008 11 37 54 PM ALAQ050804A150802AA020801 t EPC1G2 94 10 5 2008 11 37 54 PM ALAQ50804A150807AA021001 t EPClG2 r 0C FD 10 5 2008 11 37 55 ALA050804A151858AA020901 t EPCl1G2 r 06 DF 10 5 2008 11 37 55 A1A050804A151843AA020101 t EPC1G2 93 10 5 2008 11 37 55 PM EPC1G2 94 10 5 2008 11 37 55 PM 10 5 2008 11 38 04 10 5 2008 11 38 04 lol xl 10 5 2008 10 5 2008 10 5 2008 10 5 2008 10 5 2008 A1A050804A150802AA020801 t A1A050804A150802AA020801 t EPC1G2 r 05 D1l AL1A050804A150804AA020901 t EPClG2 r 02 D1l ALAQ50804A151716AA021001 t EPCl1G2 r 03 CD 10 5 2008 11 38 04 ALAQ0508044151843AA020101 t EPC1G2 r 02 CD 10 5 2008 11 38 04 ALAQO50804A150807AA021001 t EPClG2 92 10 5 2008 11 38 04 PM ALAQO50804A151714AA020801 t EPC1G2 98 10 5 2008 11 38 04 PM ALAQ050804A151858AA020901 t EPClG2 r 04 DD 10 5 2008 11 38 04 ALAQ50804A150802AA020801 t EPC1G2
8. data and output it to the user but it has no idea how to receive it We re missing a very crucial step it seems This aspect of the program seems easy to accomplish We have two options here with which we can proceed both with pros and cons We can either present this as an applet on a website allowing access to anybody who comes across it There is a serious security problem here We would have to potentially have login accounts and security protocols to cover our tracks here We don t want anybody to be able to access the logs of our paper processing plant after all This is a feasible goal However by making this project an application instead we can simply distribute it to those who are authorized to use it The server prevents non clients from accessing any information Passwords would be easier to setup as well if so desired The only drawback is that it s less available on the fly which is a minor problem Gallegos 12 Therefore we will choose to take the route of an application The problem of Internet connectivity can be solved using Java sockets The server could theoretically just forward its information to the client wherein the client organizes and interprets it as discussed above With all of our questions posed and analyzed we re ready for some solutions Gallegos 13 3 Solutions Now we can finally delve into the implementation of the programs The client program is organized into six different classes These can be
9. of data for extrapolation The second stage of this program is a fairly straightforward section which includes simply taking the text files parsing it into data and placing it into objects that can be properly organized and viewed by a user This leaves us with three problems 1 3 Decoding Data Files This covers the pseudocode behind the extraction of the data from the text files This includes both the log file and the tag file which contains the tag number and time stamp and its associated English equivalent respectively Data Organization Once this data is extracted it must be organized into a class object This will allow us to create an array of objects each one pointing to a tag number User Interface Finally we must present it in a useful manner to a program user 2 1 1 Decoding Data Files An example of some output data as taken from Figure 12 looks as follows Rd d A1A050804A150807AA021001 t EPC1G2 r 0b FC 10 5 2008 11 37 24 PM Each item is delimited by a return line making it easy to navigate from item to item Our algorithm for understanding the useful sections of this is quite simple The pseudocode below describes how this is possible o0 OS OY Ur Ts gu mM E Begin loop while next mark z 0 amp amp EOF Locate the next save this location value in an integer Increment the integer by one so it indicates the first hex digit Take the next 24 characters completing the hex tag
10. r 02 CE 10 5 2008 11 38 05 Figure 12 Log file output from program This is plain text A brief glimpse at the log in Figure 11 shows it is output pretty much the same output as it s listed in Figure 12 The third problem can be addressed using another feature of the program Figure 13 demonstrates the screen output for the Tag Summary tab Gallegos 9 iC SAMSys RF Command Suite 1 0 13 5 x File Reader Connection Help Upload File Error Log 3 f RFCS Config Reader Contig Total Unique Tags P Tag Read Count 29 Rate 23 v Enable Leaks fi 0 Seconds 7 Rate Mode Reader Effective Rate x Fixed Time Test 60 Seconds Y Interval fio Seconds Start Fixed Time Read Test Tags read from the reader are displayed below Clear Tag Data Reset Rate Write Blank Tag n IV Use Tag Data File c Documents and Settings Joshua Desktop tag tat fel Connected to Reader COM 4 Figure 13 Tag Summary tab indicating tags and their aliases Here two example tags have been run across the reader several times Notice that it says it has a Total of 76 and 53 for the tags This is quite substantial however it was only run across a few seconds each This would result in several readings on the previous screen Most notable here is that each tag ID has a Tag Name associated with it which placed before the screen shot This is done by simply right clicking a tag ID and adding a name via a menu For this t
11. 107 0572008 23 107 0572008 23 10 05 2008 23 10705 2008 23 Rd d A14050804415080748021001 t EPC1GZ r O0b FC Rd d A 1 4050804A150747AA4020101 t EPClG2 r 03 D0 Rd d AlA050804A154500AA021001 t EPClG2 r 03 C 7 Rd d 1A050804A151901AA021001 t EPClG2 r 06 CC Rd d A1A4050804A4151843AA020101 t EPC1G2 r 02 CD Rd d AlA050804A151700AA020801 t EPClG2 r 0b FC Rd d A1A4050804A4150807AA021001 t EPClG2 r 04 CE Rd d A1A4050804A4151714AA020901 t Rd d A1A050804A150802AA020801 t Rd d AlA O50804A4150807AA021001 t Rd d AlAO50804A151858AA020901 t Rd d A1A4050804A151843AA020101 t Rd d A 1A050804A4150802AA020801 t Rd d Al1A050804A150802AA020801 t Rd d AlAO50804A150804AA020901 t Rd d A1A050804A151716AA021001 t Rd d A14050804A4151843AA020101 t Rd d 14050804A150807AA021001 t Rd d A14050804A4151714AA020901 t Rd d AlAOS0804A151858AA020901 t Rd d A1AO50804A150802AA020801 t EPC1G2 98 EPC1G2 94 EPCIGZ r c FD EPCIG2 r 06 DF EPC1G2 93 EPC1G2 94 EPC1G2 r 05 Dl EPClG2 r 02 Dl EPC1G2 r 03 CD EPCIG2 r 02 CD EPC1G2 92 EPC1G2 98 EPCIG2 r 04 DD EPCIG2 r 02 CE 10 05 2008 23 37 Version 23 z 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 10 05 2008 23 37 Registers 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 anaana nnana Y Clear Log IV White Log to File C Documents
12. A small indication is on the bottom of the screen indicating that a connection was successful as shown in Figure 9 iix File Reader Connection Help Command Enter a command or select a command from the history list E Date Tine my 2x cc Auto Read Polled Read RF Off Version Registers Clear Log IV White Log to File C Documents and Settings Joshua Desktop rfid log E Connected to Reader COM 4 Figure 9 The program without any sensor output Gallegos 6 Although did not have any problem with it it is notable that problems may exist with the port number used for the program The ports of course must be matching between the serial port and what the program is looking for This is done easily by accessing the hardware manager and going to ports Here you can find your serial port and modify the number This is applicable for those using the USB to serial conversion wire and it still appears under the ports listing In the RF Command Suite access menu Reader Connection gt gt Serial Port Settings Simply match the port numbers and the box should operate correctly Next we must confirm the operation of the RFID box With it running correctly this is simply done by waving one of the provided RFID tags in front of the sensor It should beep softly as it registers the tag being there An item appears on the program indicating a time and a tag identifier This can be seen in Figure 10 where
13. Applied RFID Technology Josh Gallegos Revision 12 11 2008 Professor Zalewski CNT4104 Gallegos 2 1 Introduction to RFID Technology 1 1 General Overview RFID functionality is an underutilized powerful technology with limitless possibilities It is a device which can sniff out electric tags in the immediate area which have unique information associated with them If ten tags are in the area then they can all be noticed and logged This has countless applications in commercial and military environments allowing inventory timekeeping and accountability for a number of objects It can be put in cell phones to track employees through buildings can be placed on animals to locate subjects immediately by unique identifiers also eliminating archaic branding methods or can make barcode scanning of hundreds of items go from an hour long project to a second Also unlike barcodes it can be done at a distance and from angles circumventing frustrating operational parameters required for barcode scanners For programming applications RFID simply outputs a small bit of information when its sensor activates a hit A common way to do this is a gateway interface As a tag See Figure 1 below passes through a conveyor belt for example a tag inside it can identify it and logs the instance with a timestamp Figure 1 An RFID tag The ChapStick is for size comparison This tells manufacturers that the tag has passed through a certain area g
14. OM 4 Figure 10 Program with some sensor output displayed on screen Two pieces of useful data can be derived from this The main item is the hexadecimal representation of the tag number This provides us with unique data on each tag In the conveyor belt Gallegos 7 example a package with one of these tags on it can be easily differentiated from the other ones Many tag numbers exist too allowing virtually as many combinations as one could possibly ever need Quick arithmetic supports this conclusion Each hexadecimal digit contains 4 bits of data or 2 possibilities There are 24 hex digits available This allows 2 bit combinations or 7 923 x 10 possibilities This number is quite a bit larger than would ever be necessary to maintain a proper unique identifier for a package The second piece of information provides us with a when to the question of the tag s whereabouts Simply knowing that it passed through a certain location is not always good enough The timestamp provides us with a very basic tracking ability letting us know exactly when it arrived departed or passed through a gateway or however the purpose may be What does this give us e Proof of entry This provides evidence that a sought after item has entered a building Knowing this can save a company from having to look for something if it never entered in the first place e Proof of departure A packaging company for example can show that a certain item left
15. accountability e Time management properties as an item production time can be monitored e Assurance of job quality as items must pass through particular doors in time frames Therefore with purpose and direction we can propose an example company which this program could be marketed to The RFID sensors would be set up throughout a building most effectively placed at doorways Tags must be placed on all inventory items Now we can have very accurate traceability In this example we will demonstrate a paper tracking application of the RFID technology The theoretical customer needs to track with time precision the passage and movement of sensitive papers through his office building With sensors on all exits and key doorways the customer can be offered the ability to query at any time a paper of particular interest Let s address the previously discussed four points of productivity for this application First we know it will track the paper The doctrine will trigger all sensors as it passes throughout the building An employee who has been entrusted with the document removes it from an archives room on the second floor The paper throws the sensor at the doorway at the elevator again at the elevator on the first floor and finally at his office This covers our tracking What about loss management Say this employee who secretly has been conversing with the competition decides he wants to fax this particular document to an outside party
16. aced and we theoretically show tag readings and how tracing actually would occur on the client side as shown in Figure 15 Kim s Office Elevator Archive Room Unproductive Destination Time Origin Management aN sensor i 3 John s Office Break Roo Unproductive Employee Copying Room Time Potentially Taking Red Flag Management Unauthorized Breaks PAPER TRACING OFFICE SECOND FLOOR Figure 15 Example of an office environment using the RFID technology We see here an example of what the path of the employee might look like He should first be throwing the sensors when he leaves the archive room A timestamp would be associated with this There are several other places where we would not want him to go and if his timestamps showed passage he would be potentially in the wrong He absolutely should not be entering the copying room where he may be faxing or reproducing the sensitive document Furthermore if he went into a neighboring office or a break room to fraternize or lounge with the document in hand it would be noted A record of his movement in the program should look like this when querying the tag A1A050804A150807AA021001 ae 11 20 08 1 58pm Sensor 1 Archive Room EE 11 20 08 2 00pm Sensor 2 2 Floor Elevator In this example of course we have placed a slight extension on the sample program that has been created for this program We re in a multi sensor environment where the test prog
17. are in the CD must be installed following the instructions in the provided user manual on the CD Once proper operation has been confirmed logs must be started allowing records of tag readings At this point it should be possible to wave a tag in front of the sensor get a reading on the SAMSys program and see it in the accompanying log Figure 11 demonstrates this stage of the project showing many readings from many tags and a properly appropriated log file as seen at the bottom A 2 The Program The files for this program can be accessed at http satnet fgcu edu dxgalleg rfid rar The program is incomplete as of this stage of the project however it has significant portions complete Once everything has been readied the program is ready for execution This is a server client style program and for intended use the computer with the hardware device must be running the server side There is only one point of interest when running the server side of the program in RFIDServer java the two finalized variables at the top need to be customized to the computer s log locations as created in the SAMSys software By default it points to C which is fine The only requirement is that the two locations agree or no data will be transmitted since the server program will simply think there are no log files to be read With the server side running the client side must be executed This can be done from the same computer for testing purposes but it i
18. h the files we wait a certain amount of time saved in a class variable private static final long UpdateTimer 8000 How often this eycles If we were so inclined we could make this settable by the client and allow updates to occur as frequently as desired This would result in a little more network activity and drain on the server side computer a bit more especially if the log files got very long An eight second delay seems reasonable since we re tracking papers through a building in our example hardly a second by second operation Gallegos 20 This concludes our server side program It simply accepts connections listens for two unique commands and sends along new data from the two indicates files when it happens All organization occurs on the client side Our knowledge of the program is complete and we can move onto an example case of how we could use this in real applications Gallegos 21 4 Example This program has a wide variety of uses and could be placed into many different industries to improve productivity help with loss prevention and generally lessen headaches Anywhere with a specific inventory of items could be well served by the RFID technology The first question a potential client would ask is what can it do for me The answer is quite simple The program provides e Tracking of inventory as it passes through a building by setting up an array of sensors e Effective loss prevention as items have better
19. hird one caught more overall The second tag was clearly barely effective usable only in the closest of quarters What does this tell us First of all there is a good amount of range with the average tag making door mounts an effective solution It is reasonable to assume that a user would pass within about 10 feet Second tags need to be tested from time to time to ensure effectiveness since some tags clearly lose potency and are not made equal A range of 2 5 feet would be entirely unacceptable since it would be quite easy to dodge the sensor by holding the document at one s side high or low depending on the sensor height Another point of interest would be How often does the tag fail with distance This graph would look extremely similar to the one above however since there appears to be extraordinary reliability and consistency in the device If it reads at 10 it ll always read at 10 If it doesn t read at 12 5 it pretty much won t read at all at 12 5 feet There is little lottery with this device Therefore it would be pointless to create a new table since it would be simply replacing numeric values with Yes or No effectively Therefore we have demonstrated a very effective tool for a valuable application We could market this program to a firm which has very sensitive documents where the relatively small cost of the sensors and tags would be made up for in the extra security and accountability of documents There would be very lit
20. ils some of the hardware side of this including a schematic Figure 8 of how it should be wired up Section 1 3 continues to explain a little bit about the software and how it works It is very easy to sum this information up however Plug into the main box the square shaped sensor the power supply and the serial cable If done properly the device should have two green lights on the top during idle operation where red lights would indicate problems The software must be installed per the simple directions There are two important points of interest here First when setting up the RFID box make sure that all of the resistors are in place on the sensor plugs that aren t being used This is vital to the operation of the device per the indication in the user manual and the box will throw a fault light if this is not done Second once the program is set up properly the logs must be created for the main screen the Command tab where tag readings are actually seen Without this log the project program cannot function since it operates by tapping into the log files Additionally the Tag Summary tab includes another aspect of the program where tags can be actually named To utilize this non essential feature a tag file must be created Section A 2 which discusses the program created in this project will explain where to put these logs by default To summarize The device must be assembled properly and hooked up to the computer The softw
21. iving its location time and a confirmation that it was sent out If for example a packaging company wanted to confirm that a certain box was sent out they could review their logs and see that indeed it passed a conveyor belt or doorway to a truck at 10PM or whatever the log records as pictured in Figure 2 below With very little investment and with much better efficiency than manually walking around and noting the contents of the room or using a bar code scanner the room has been inventoried effectively This is the power of RFID Gallegos 3 Sample Tag REID numbers Reader AlA050804A1507 47AA020101 e AlA050804A1508 04AADZO0S9DI Conveyor belt example Figure 2 Example of an RFID application 1 2 Device Physical Description The device is illustrated in Figures 3 7 The base is a box with a variety of lights Figure 3 and connection plugs Figures 4 5 The back has four plugs Figure 6 allowing four different sensors three of which must be plugged with resistors for proper operation Although more are supported for this simple example application one does just fine The open one is connected to a plate sensor which is square shaped and does not appear as one might imagine as indicated in Figure 7 MP9320 2 7 EPC Reader UHF Long Range Figure 3 left Top view of RFID box includes lights for operational status Figure 4 right The front of an RFID box Gallegos 4 oon pamm gt Q
22. o be useful Use Tag Data File must be checked and a file indicated Again choose one of my own an empty text file Figure 14 indicates the results of the above data lolx File Edit Format View Help TAGDATA A1A0508044150747AA020101 pig AlAQ050804A150804AA020901 2cow Figure 14 Text file output from Tag Summary section of program Permits aliases This concludes our familiarization with the device We have figured out the box wired it together and successfully interacted it with a computer We ve tested tags successfully and acquired the data that shows tags and their times passing sensors as well as a key to associate tag numbers with names This is valuable progress towards the goal of a workable remote access program to interact with this data Gallegos 10 2 Problem Description The RFID project propose is twofold First the program must be organized effectively using the data acquired in Section 1 3 with search abilities Then it needs to be made available via the Internet The final result should be a remote access program that can access a server and pull from it logs of what tags have passed through and when It should have a form of organization that allows for a user friendly interface with alias capabilities to turn strange hexadecimal output into readable language and socket protocol accessibility from anywhere anytime 2 1 Project Stage The output of the RC Command Suite offers an ideal source
23. o view the whole list of tags and date entries and filter it if necessary Other buttons allow the user to sweep the log files simply deleting it on the server side and allowing new entries to fill in and finally a disconnect button which pertains to the third stage of the project Another useful idea of the main screen is statistical and tracking information The user can be presented with data about which tags have recently passed what time and which ones have been the most active This provides a very comprehensive idea of the activity of the tags Furthermore we can provide simple accounting How many different tags we ve identified and how many total date entries have been recorded and how many have passed in the last hour That information combined with most active would allow an excellent monitoring system without requiring a query By this assuming we were monitoring the progress of the RFID box remotely we could see every time a new tag passed via a time date box It would also throw a recording to the Last Three Tags section Picturing a tracking scenario we could know very quickly once a tag has passed through a doorway past a sensor and the program would automatically update itself If we gain an invested interest in a particular tag we could query its name or hex equivalent or see what s gone on through a particular passage of time 2 2 Project Stage II At the moment our client side theoretically knows how to organize
24. organized into two separate major categories Then we ll analyze the server side of the program which is simple enough to have its own section without worrying about the specific parts 1 Stage Interpreting and Organizing Data 1 Tag 2 TagHandler 3 MainPanel 4 RFIDApp 2 Stage Il Internet Socket 1 ConnectPanel 2 RecThread 3 Server Side Analysis 1 RFIDServer 2 OutputThread 3 1 Stage I Interpreting and Organizing Data The four of interest at the moment are the Tag TagHandler and the MainPanel classes and at the root of everything the RFIDApp class This list excludes the classes that deal heavily in the internet aspect of the project We will now discuss the bulk of the client side program 3 1 1 Tag Class The Tag class is quite simple and will simply be outlined It does nothing but store objects and access objects and maintains a counter of the number of Date objects its recorded all of which are very simple class tag private static final int MAXENTRIES 200 private String name private String hex private Date entries private int entryCounter public Tag String name String hex Date entry entryCounter 1 public void addEntry Date d Adds an entry Sometimes a null parameter is passed by considerTag We do not implement deletion of items on list so no maintenance if d null entries entryCounter d entryCounter t Gallegos 14 3 1 2 TagHandler Class The TagHandler cla
25. ould just walk up and immediately be prompted with a total cutting the grocery line from fifteen minutes into the time it takes to swipe a credit card Clearly many vast applications exist not limited to the office scenario we ve described or the limited applications it s currently employed with It is a powerful technology that will no doubt make a second coming in the future and can provide extremely time efficient solutions to major firms out there Gallegos 25 6 References 1 Porter Robert Evan Flechsig and Olexiy Kovtunenko Data Acquisition through RDIF Report FGCU 9 April 2008 2 RFID Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia 12 Sept 2008 lt http en wikipedia org wiki rfid gt 3 Serial to USB driver lt http www floridaprobe com downloads rshack zip gt 4 What is RFID Technovelgy com where science meets fiction 12 Sept 2008 lt http www technovelgy com ct technology article asp artnum 1 gt Gallegos 26 Appendix A User Manual This manual will briefly explain how to get from start to finish on this project Since a lot of the material is already covered otherwise little explanation is needed A 1 Getting Started The first step is to get the device running The device actually comes with an instruction manual located on the accompanying CD Find the file MP9320 2 7 Users Guide V6 0O pdf which gives detailed instructions on getting started with the software and hardware Additionally Section 1 2 deta
26. ram only accounts for one sensor This idea would be a very simple extension onto the program that s currently Gallegos 23 employed Several other small extensions might also be advisable Scheduled task capabilities which would automatically flag irregularities in a paper s scheduled path This would automatically sense that users have entered the copy room or some such action and alert the administrator By examining the above data we can see that the employee did what he was supposed to He moved from the archive room to the elevator in an acceptable amount of time and did not take any unauthorized actions Of course if he did enter an office it does not necessarily mean wrongdoing Perhaps a colleague has simply asked his opinion on something However if mischief was suspected the employee could at least be asked about the occurrence We also must examine the reliability of this data before we can attempt to market it to the customer The following chart shows the effectiveness of three tags by demonstrating the number of readings over a short pass in front of the RFID sensor Readings Distance Tag 1 Tag 2 Tag 3 0 ft 4 2 5 2 5 ft 4 1 4 5 ft 5 0 3 7 5 ft 3 0 2 10 ft 3 0 3 12 5 ft 0 0 1 15 ft 0 0 0 Clearly some tags are superior to others The first tag had more readings than the third one on average However the third tag also had superior distance It read as often but the t
27. rver java and OutputThread java We ll analyze the main class first and then explain the thread 3 3 1 RFIDServer java We start by declaring the location of our two files public static final String tagFile c tag txt public static final String logFile c rfid log On an infinite loop we start by just listening sock new ServerSocket 4949 client sock accept Then input and output readers are established and once a connection is made we proceed with a chatter protocol This is used to verify that the client is actually an RFID program How do we accomplish this We simply transmit a strange segment of data If we don t receive what we want to receive then the connection is severed and the connector is told he s not authorized This could only be used to verify that the client is an updated version if we were creating multiple versions of the program Gallegos 19 Since happen to have an elementary understanding of Vietnamese a sufficiently strange manner in which to chatter the chatter protocol is as follows out println Em la mot nguoi ban khong phai Chatter if linput contains Troi oi Em la mot nguoi ban Con ann e out println Unauthorized access System err println Unauthorized access break For the curious it roughly translates as You are a friend no The reply reads Wow am a friend And you Along with the
28. s all objects a uniform look and feel making it easier to color and size everything equally First we ll look at the header variables and constructor public class RFIDApp extends JApplet public RFIDApp setLayout null connectionScreen new ConnectPanel this mainScreen new MainPanel this connectionScreen setBounds 220 100 connectionScreenWidth connecti onScreenHeight mainScreen setBounds 0 0 640 320 add connectionScreen add mainScreen hideMainScreen We create new screens the connection screen Not yet discussed due to it having an internet related context and therefore subject to Stage Il of the project and the main screen We hide the main screen initially since we only want to show it once we ve found a server Other functions too simple to show simply hide and show the main and connection screens which are passed when we re connecting or disconnecting from the server This concludes our analysis of the client program in this section What is missing As mentioned before we ve saved the internet related classes for later Including the Tag class we ve covered four of the six classes of the program 3 2 Stage Il Extension to Internet Capabilities With all of the data and organization taken care of by our client program we re left with two classes which are responsible for internet connectivity and receiving data 3 2 1 ConnectPanel Class Gallegos 17 A large section of this class i
29. s designed for across internet usage When running the client side program target IP and port number fields are available Default is port 4949 but can be changed on the Gallegos 27 server side if so desired The default target is localhost or in other words the local machine for testing purposes This must be changed if targeting an outside computer For obtaining the address of the target computer open the command prompt and type in ipconfig The address listed under IP Address should be put into the target text field in the client program Click connect once the fields are appropriately filled out The program should connect if the server is running properly and a new screen should show up with buttons and statistical information about the tags This is the main thrust of the program It offers accurate and useful information about the tags being read in The program is set to read new information every second This number can be changed on the server side of the program in the OutputThread java class by changing the finalized variable at the top For impatient users this number can be reduced although 1 second should be quite sufficient For bandwidth conscious users the number should be extended to something like 10 or 20 seconds Of course readings won t come across at lightning speed but for slow purposes it will work fine The buttons are not entirely complete If any search query buttons are pressed it
30. s just graphical user interface unworthy of documentation Beyond that we have an ActionListener associated to the connect button The actionPerformed function calls our connect function assuming that the fields have been properly filled out The above function connects to the indicated location If a connection is made we go to RFIDApp s functions to hide the connection panel and show the main one The thread is started which handles the socket thereon If an error occurs then a status label at the top of the screen says so as well as if the indicated server fails the chatter protocol Figure 14 illustrates this ipi xd Not an RFID server Target IP satnet facu edu Port 22 Connect Figure 14 The Connection Screen As shown above I ve attempted to connect to the satnet SSH port When the client attempts to chatter the satnet server obviously doesn t respond correctly and the connection attempt fails The status label shows this result 3 2 2 RecThread Class Our final step in understanding the program is seeing how we receive data We know how it was organized already so we are simply left to understand how it is thrown to the TagHandler The good stuff has been isolated into the function interpret string The rest of it is regular old socket code Interpret works as follows public void interpret String s String hex String name String date Date d null int index s indexOf if inde
31. ss is created by the main program to organize and access tag objects It has a function called considerTag which takes a given Tag object and considers it If the Tag hasn t been identified before a new slot is made for it If it has been identified then the new date entry associated with it is added to the particular Tag It also serves to provide statistical and accounting information to the main screen with various calls which send back the relevant data Here is an overview of the TagHandler public class TagHandler private static final int MAXTAGS 50 private Tag tags private int tagCounter private int entryCounter public void considerTag String name String hex Date d int index index locateTagByHex hex In both cases if it can t find a hex it doesn t exist One field is empty or null below depending on how it s being passed if index 1 addTag name hex d else tags index addEntry d if d null lastTimeEntry d toString entryCoun thirdLast secondLastEntry lastEntry SETTI EE T ntry secondLastEntry lastEntry hex public String getMostActiveTag int max 0 String result N A for int i 0 i lt tagCounter itt if tags i getEntryCount gt max max tags i getEntryCount result tags i getHex return result Gallegos 15 Large portions of the class have been removed for space saving sake bu
32. t the general idea of it can be seen Several querying functions exist such as the one shown above which returns the most active tag It is all fairly simple game and involves simple data manipulation and toying with the Tag class The important considerTag can be seen which provides us with last tags information and files new entries in 3 1 2 MainPanel Class This class is enormous with tons of labels and buttons and the like Most of it is trivial and unworthy of documentation nri Client Program v1 0 1 List All Tags Search by Name Search by Hex Search by Date Sweep Entries Disconnect RFID Client Program v1 0 Joshua Gallegos Fall 2008 CNT4104 Professor Zalewski Tags in Database Most Active Tag Last Three Tags Number of Entries Tags Last Hour Time Last Tag loxi Fri Nov 21 09 51 04 EST 2008 A1A050804A151843AA020101 A1A050804A151901AA021001 A1A050804A151858AA020901 A1A050804A151858AA020901 Figure 13 The main screen of the RFID Client Program As shown in Figure 13 it s organized primarily into a 2x2 grid style layout with further separate grid layouts to organize the various labels and buttons Looking at the header of the class file reveals important information about the functionality here public class MainPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener We have here a JPanel with an ActionListener for handling button presses Other than this we
33. tle loss of papers since a lot of mystery of the movement has been unveiled Many companies could stand to benefit from this automated security and tracking program Gallegos 24 5 Conclusion RFID technology offers a very simple capability When a tag passes nearby it records it with a unique identifier and a timestamp All of the applications of this sort of technology are extensions on this very basic ability With some programming savvy this sensor can be turned into a very productive tracking system which could offer invaluable security and accountability to a potential user Applications in the current world are limited although they could potentially be much more widespread In most major retailers things such as video games are currently use RFID to prevent theft of video games and other sensitive expensive electronic devices When the tag nears a sensor which is placed at exits the sensors go off annoyingly When the items are purchased the tags are killed magnetically Intelligent sensors could even identify the item as it approaches the door and not go off if the item doesn t register in the store s inventory preventing nuisance alarms from going off Furthermore it could alert security personnel exactly what item is being stolen The military uses the tags and it s placed on some livestock as well It could be placed on grocery items we purchase every day allowing instant scanning and totally of a grocery cart A customer c
34. waved just three tags in front of the reader Notice how it registered each one twice the last one item was to prove that the first one would still register as the same tag This is because it registers quite frequently as an item passes If for example a conveyor belt was moving slowly it is imaginable that an item may register 5 or 6 times This is a slight problem but can easily be countered with logical coding duplicate results will exist A savvy programmer could simply take one item and eliminate duplicates that exist within say 5 seconds This gets us past the duplicate item problem quite easily E SAMSys RF Command Suite 1 0 13 E ioj x File Reader Connection Help Command TegSummay UpbedFie Enorlog RFCS Config Reader Config Enter a command or select a command from the history list zs Function Set Date Time ccococc 1A050804A151700AA020801 t EPClGZ r 10 CB 10705 2008 SZ AlA050804A151700AA020801 t EPClG2 r 02 CC 10 05 2008 23 12 Auto Read AlA050804A154500AA021001 t EPClGZ r la F6 10 05 2008 23 12 Al 050804A154500AA021001 t EPClG2 8C 10 05 2008 23 12 Polled Read AlA050804A151843AAD20101 t EPClGZ r 18 D4 10 05 2008 23 12 AlA050804A151843AA020101 t EPClG2 r 08 D3 10 05 2008 23 12 D e A1A050804A151700A4020801 t EPC1G2 r 0f 00 10 05 2008 23 13 EU Registers Most important info Secondary info Hex Tag number When Important distinguishing Clear Log L Connected to Reader C
35. will quickly become apparent that the program has not entirely been completed The next semester should yield more results as this stage of the project was extraordinarily time consuming Therefore the search buttons should be ignored for now The sweep button effectively deletes the log files on the server side so entries previous to the sweep are effectively ignored Disconnect is self descriptive and breaks the connection to the server gracefully With the program understood and the device operating correctly this concludes the user manual It is quite simple to operate at this point It only needs to be wired up with the SAMSys software running and the server and clients running properly
36. x 1 Case 1 Tag Descriptor hex s substring 0 index Gallegos 18 name s substring index 1 else Case 2 New Log Entry index s indexOf index t hex s substring index index 24 All tags are 24 in length index s indexOf index 3 date s substring index Rest of it d new Date Date parse date th considerTag name hex d applet mainScreen update The pseudocode for this was previously described in this document and the final result is very similar We simply parse up the data into parts and send it along to the TagHandler We take advantage of an extremely useful function of Date the parse function It allows us to throw the date string exactly how it appears in the tag and Date interprets it correctly 3 3 RFID Server Program Analysis The server is an extremely simple design It s only real purpose is to read data from files and forward new data to the client when connected Although this section will inevitably tread on the internet side of the project it is minimal since it only composes a short part of what s happening This is the only comprehensive view of what s happening on the server side It is also notable that there is no user interface Once the program is running it simply listens or transmits The only output just shows when connections are made and lost and serve no useful purpose other than curiosity The server is composed of two classes RFIDSe
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