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Vcost Manual - Research Library - The University of Texas at Austin

1. Utilization C button to access the Vehicle Utilization Module and define the vehicle s annual utilization as the vehicle ages Insurance This is a variable cost depending on the vehicle type age and insur ance company However a default value of 877 per year is used Interest Rate APR Annual Percentage Rate According to HSH Associates the average auto loan interest rates for Dallas and Houston in March 2011 were 5 42 and 5 27 respectively CT Vcost uses the Dallas value as a default for passenger vehicles and light trucks Down Payment The average 10 given is an estimate of the down payment most consumers pay when purchasing a vehicle Estimate is taken from the 2007 National Association of Insurance Commissioners report and adjusted for annual inflation over this time period of 2 09 http www compuquotes com average costs of insurance html HSH Associates Financial Publishers http www hsh com autosample html retrieved July 24 2011 24 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Finance term Deals with the period of time agreed upon to complete payment of loan A 60 month loan agreement is used as the default value First Year Depreciation Represents the immediate decline in value of a vehicle once it is labeled as used A default value of 20 is provided for the first year of anew LDV and 15 for an HDV Subsequent Years Depreciation Represents an annual decline in the vehicle s re sale
2. 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 80 00 60 00 40 00 20 00 0 00 4 T T 1 1 I 1 1 1 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Figure 19 Cumulative Chart showing Cumulative Fuel Tax Cumulative Annual Miles Driven Cumula tive Fuel Consumed and Cumulative Operating Cost Multi Vehicle Analysis Cumulative costs for each selected vehicle are shown similar to that of the Single Vehicle Analysis output Fleet Analysis Cumulative costs for fleet vehicles are shown and is similar to that of the Single Vehicle Analysis Cumulative Chart 30 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Quick Reference Guide Show Hide As illustrated in Figure 20 the Show Hide Series property allows users to either turn on or off a data series for a particular graph Clicking on the button shows the box Show Series On Off box and users can check or uncheck the series that needs to be turned on or off Show Series On Off W Depreciation v Finance W Insurance W Maintenance W Other Fixed Cost Fuel Cost Figure 20 Show Series On Off Box Display Settings As illustrated in Figure 21 the Display Settings property allows us ers to change the charts features such as legend location chart types label locations marker styles axis characteristics and 3D charts Using the Show MaxMinAvg option users can view the maximum
3. Projected Fleet Specify Growth Rate and or Market Penetration Figure 31 Access the Growth Rate and Market Penetration Module 41 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Growth Rate 1 On the Growth Rate Market Penetration page users can input expected vehicle erowth rate in percentages into the Growth Rate column and the number of years that erowth rate will occur in the No of Years column The Initial Count is equal to the speci fied Total Number of Vehicles in the Fleet Composition module and the default number of years is equal to the length of the analysis period see Figure 32 2 To add additional growth rates click the Add Growth Rate ER Growth Rate button which displays additional Growth Rate and No of Years columns Note The total number of years specified or the sum of the number of years specified should not ex ceed the analysis period A maximum of six growth rates can be specified by the user TT Remove Growth Rat 3 Clicking the Remove Growth Rate RemoveGrowthRate c removes the last Growth Rate and No of Years columns 4 To view a graph of the specified projections click on the Plot Graph button Specify Growth Rate of Fleet Vehicles Add Growth Rate Remove Growth Rate Plot Graph TECUM Growth No of Growth No of Rate Years Rate Years 100 5 0096 5 2 0096 Figure 32 Growth Rate of Fleet Vehicles Market Penetration 1 Begin by selecting a vehicle model from the Select Vehic
4. 0 00 0 1000 1500 Time secs instantaneous mpg Cycle Instantaneous mpg Cycle B 60 00 a E 5 40 004 o zZ 20 00 5 0 00 mie wo mot m d pe 0 1000 1500 Time secs Figure 41 Compare LDV Drive Cycles Examine Drive Cycle MPG The Examine Drive Cycle MPG option enables users to examine a drive cycle s vehicle fuel economy view MPG vs Speed Curve graphs and add MPG vs Speed Curve data to the MPGSpeedCurves csv which can be utilized by the Route Cost Analysis module Examining Drive Cycle This feature enables users to examine the MPG of a vehicle over a selected section of the drive cycle rather than the entire drive cycle This is useful for determining a vehicle s behavior over certain conditions e g congested versus free flow To proceed 1 Select a drive cycle of interest from the Select Desired Drive Cycle drop down menu Examine Drive Cycle 2 Click on the Examine Drive Cycle button to generate a vehicle speed versus time plot of that drive cycle 57 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual o y 3 Using the range selector control move the arrows to the de sired range and the drive cycle s vehicle MPG is dynamically calculated and dis played see Figure 42 Selected Drive Cycles 3 TestingSpeed FTP 3375 Ibs ux 3 140 e uj d 2500 TestingSpeedCydes 195 60 15 34 34 0 0 02474 Desired Speed mph TestingSpeedCycles Automatic Defa
5. 0 00 14 6 21 7 40 0 20 40 EE w E Speed mph Figure 43 Sample MPG vs Speed Curves and data for the TestingSpeedCycles scenario 2 To save the data for later use in the Route Cost Analysis module click on the Add Add Data to Data to MPGSpeedCurves csv button MPGSpeedCurves csv and a dialog box ask ing the user to restart the application pops up see Figure 44 The user is required to restart the application in order to utilize the data in the Route Cost Analysis module Restart Application MPGSpeedCurves csv update complete To use the new data for the Route Cost Analysis via Lookup Table option you need to restart the application Restart Application Now Figure 44 Restart Application Dialog Box 59 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Heavy Duty Vehicle Drive Cycle Analysis The HDV Drive Cycle analysis is very similar to the LDV Drive Cycle analysis except for the selection of the drive cycle and inclusion of a custom vehicle option There are four vehicle classes built into CT Vcost Class 7 Class 8 Long Combination Vehicles and Heavy Duty Hybrids see Figure 45 HDV Drive Cycle Information Selected Drive Cycles Cycle EnterDriveCycleName 3 EnterDriveCy Select Vehicle Class Class 8 M Class 8 Custom Flat bed Select Data Type Custom 2004 45K 930 _Longhorn Specify Drive Cycle 30 000 Ibs 295 80 22 5 Select Vehicle 2004 Sterling MBE4000 Caterpillar C
6. 12430hp Select Weight Empty Select Traffic Moderate Y W Show Real time Simulation of Fuel Economy Model slower but looks better won ch B Compare Drive Cycles Examine Drive Cycle MPG Specify Tire Size 295 80 22 5 Trailer Type Flat bed Y Remove Selected Select Desired Output Add Selection Custom Data Specify Weight 30 000 Ibs Select Output Select Engine Caterpillar 12 430 Set Cycle Time Interval in seconds 1 0 Specify Transmission Gear Ratios 12 65 8 38 6 22 4 57 3 4 Notes 1 The more drive cycles you add the less the number of variables you can compare at the time 2 46 1 83 1 34 1 2 If running a drive cycle for the first time please be patient as the process may be slow 3 Because of the chart size the maximum number of variables you can compare is 4 Select Differential Tag Axle gt RUN Specify Differential Gear Ratio 3 11 Figure 45 HDV Drive Cycle Analysis 1 Start by specifying a Cycle Name This is used in identifying the drive cycle options selected by the user 2 Select one of the four vehicle class Class 7 Class 8 Long Combination Vehicles and Heavy Duty Hybrids Note Long Combination Vehicle and Heavy Duty Hybrids modules were not included in the November 2011 release of the model 60 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 3 Select a Data Type i e Default or Custom a If Default is selected the user is limited to the d
7. 2 Once you have included all available information click Add Vehicle then Save 3 The custom vehicle will now be available in the Filter or Search tabs CTR TXDOT Vehicle Operating Cost Toolkit Veost D led Select Family Builder Quick Reference Select Vehicle Class Specify Make Specify Model Specify Year City MPG Hwy MPG Fuel Type New Price S ETW 165 Axle Ratio Rated HP Displacement M UseDefault UseDefault UseDefault UseDefault UseDefault Transmission Target Coefficient A Target Coefficient B Target Coefficient C UseDefault UseDefault UseDefault Custom Built Vehicles 8 vclass year make model citympg hwympg newprice fueltype transmission etw axleratio ratedHP 1980 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 16 16 19790 gasoline PEE Ed LargeCar 1985 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel 17 5 17 5 23687 gasoline M 1 1 1 LargeCar 1990 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 20 3 20 3 24779 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1991 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 2 212 24463 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1992 United States Avg Passenger Fuel Eff 21 21 25069 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1993 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 20 6 20 6 25138 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1994 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 20 8 20 8 26009 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1995 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel 21 1 21 1 25372 gasoline A 1 1 1 L
8. 5 04 T I I T I 1 1 50 00 I T 1 I 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Year Figure 18 Line Charts showing Fuel Tax Annual Miles Driven Fuel Consumed and Annual Operating Cost with their respective units Multi Vehicle Analysis Line charts in multi vehicle analysis include Fuel Tax Annual Miles Driven Fuel Consumed and Annual Operating Cost Fleet Analysis Line charts represent the operating costs for the vehicle fleet and are similar to that of the Single Vehicle Analysis line chart 29 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Cumulative Chart Single Vehicle Analysis The cumulative charts show Cumulative Fuel Tax Cumulative Annual Miles Driven Cumulative Fuel Consumed and Cumulative Operating Cost see Figure 19 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Cummulative Cost Over 10 Years 1 000 00 800 00 600 00 400 00 Cummulative Fuel Tax 200 00 0 00 4 I I 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Year 2008 2009 100 00 80 00 4 60 00 4 40 00 20 00 4 Cummulative Fuel Consu 0 004 T T T 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 T I 1 T Cummulative Annual Miles Cummulative Operating C 160 00 140 00 4 120 00 100 00 80 00 60 00 40 00 20 00 0 00 4 T 1 1 1
9. C 2010 pp 105 116 11 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Vehicle Utilization Module As vehicle s age they tend to be driven less than newer vehicles The Vehicle Utilization Module was developed to capture this change in vehicle use over time Default data correlating vehicle utilization with age is taken from the Transportation Energy Data Book U S DOE 2009 The Final Report of this study contains detailed information on the data used Users however have the option of changing the utilization curve To alter a vehicle uti lization curve click on either the Utilization Curve button or link available when per forming an analysis and the Utilization Curve Generator will pop up see Figure 7 Utilization is represented as a ratio of the specified Base Annual Mileage The ratios can be edited in the Utilization Factor column To view how changes compare with default utilization values click on the Plot Graph button cw Utilization Plot Graph Factor 1 00 7 Account Changes in Annual 1 11 Vehicle Miles Travelled o 1 05 Vehicle Utilization Curve 0 96 Values specified here are multiplied 0 95 by the average annual vehicle miles driven each year 0 96 0 91 e g for Year 2 vehicle miles driven 0 90 is equal to 1 1 15 000 miles Year 4 vehicle miles driven is equal 0 87 to 0 8 15 000 miles and so forth 0 86 Save and Continue Figure 7 Utilization Curve Generator 12 CT Vcost 2 0 Us
10. Nm Desired Speed mph O Instantaneous mpg Engine Speed rpm E Speed Error mph Engine Torque Nm Fuel Flow Rate g s Instantaneous mpg Instantaneous Max Torque Nm Speed Error mph O jer of E riables can compare at the time patient as the process may be slow Throttle Position E of variables you can compare is 4 Vehicle Drag N EUM Vehicle Speed mph Vehicle Travel m Figure 40 Compare Drive Cycles 55 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 1 Select the desired variables from the Select Desired Output drop down menu The list of available variables and their respective units are Gear Desired Speed mph Engine Speed rpm Engine Torque Nm Fuel Flow Rate g s Instantaneous mpg Instantaneous Max Torque Nm Speed Error mph Throttle Position Vehicle Drag N Vehicle Speed mph Vehicle Travel m Click on the Select Output button to add a variable to the list of comparable variables Set a Cycle Time Interval between 0 4 and 10 seconds Note The smaller the time interval the more points are displayed and the slower the output Click on the Run button when done to compare the various drive cycle output as il lustrated in Figure 41 56 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual LDV Drive Cycle o Desired bx ag mph Cycle _ _ mm Speed mph Cycle 80 00 a 00004 amp 4000 2000 amp
11. Ranger Pickup 2000 GMC C1500 Sierra 2000 GMC C2500 Sierra Search It may be quicker to select a vehicle using the Search option Simply select match the search description Figure 15 Search Option Showing Available Vehicle Models Filter Search Pontiac 2000 Search 2000 Pontiac Bonneville 2000 Pontiac FIREBIRD TRANS AM 2000 Pontiac Grand AM 2000 Pontiac Grand Prix 7 2000 Pontiac Montana FWD 7 2000 Pontiac Sunfire 23 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 3 When the desired vehicle is found in the list click on the check box to the left of the vehicle name to check it 4 A quick view of the selected vehicle s information can be accessed by clicking the 9 icon 5 Once the desired vehicle is checked click on the Eee button to generate all of its default information Custom vehicles can also be created if desired by click ing on the Custom Vehicles link see the Creating Custom Vehicle section for more information Specifying Vehicle Parameters Vehicle parameters that can be altered by users include New Vehicle Price The default new vehicle price is based on the selected vehicles MSRP or an average of the vehicle s class if the MSRP is not available Average Annual Miles Driven This value will vary based on the driver The 15 000 miles year default value is used as an average for Texan drivers while the na tional average may be closer to 12 000 miles year Click on the Utilization Curve
12. Rough LargeCar 0 00 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 15 Year7 Very Rough MidsizeCar 0 00 1109 2 10 3 10 4 15 Year 8 Very Rough Minivan 0 00 0 80 160 240 3 20 96 Year 9 Very Smooth SmallPickup 0 00 0 25 060 090 1 20 76 SpecialPurpose 0 00 Q 80 976 16076 240 3 20 76 Year 10 MEW e E Somnath StandardPickup 0 00 0 25 0 60 090 1 20 96 Medium Rough StationWagon 0 00 1109 210 3 10 415 Rough SUV 0 00 050 10076 1506 205 Very Rough TwoSeater 0 00 11096 21096 31096 4 15 96 Save Changes Figure 12 Pavement Roughness Module The five available pavement roughness options available to users are listed in Table 1 Depending on the option selected by the user CT Vcost multiplies the percentage change in fuel consumption by vehicle class by the vehicle s fuel consumption in that year see Figure 12 This results in slightly higher fuel consumption values for smooth to very rough pavement conditions 18 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Table 1 Pavement Roughness Descriptions and their Corresponding International Roughness Index IRI Score Corresponding IRI inches per mile Very Smooth 1 59 60 95 Medium Rough 96 130 131 169 Very Rough 170 950 19 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual PERFORMING ANALYSIS CT Vcost integrates all the models or modules developed in the CTR TXDOT Vehicle Operation Cost study The toolkit enables users to perform va
13. minimum and average values of each series on the chart Chart Settings X Legend Top Chart stackedColumn Point Labels None _ Marker Style Gia Show Show X Axis Margin C 10096 Stacked Show Chart as 3D Auto Rotate 3D Ew pw O User Rotate 3D Figure 21 Chart Settings Box 31 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual View Data C As illustrated in Figure 22 the View Data property displays the chart da ta in the form of a table rather than a graph The data can be exported to a CSV file when the user clicks the save button Chart Data Grid il Other Year Depreciation Finance Insurance Maintenance Fixed Cost Fuel Cost 3 218 00 3 268 00 lt 850 00 178 24 75 00 2 103 52 2001 51 907 91 53 229 25 5839 92 5532 09 574 11 52 417 90 2002 51 602 49 53 190 96 5829 96 5592 32 573 23 2 756 30 2003 51 345 96 53 153 12 5820 12 5875 53 72 36 52 640 21 2004 51 130 50 53 115 73 5810 40 5355 12 571 51 2 508 10 2005 5949 53 50 00 5800 75 52 075 05 570 66 52 620 87 2006 5797 53 50 00 5791 29 5693 85 569 82 2 464 83 2007 5669 86 50 00 5781 91 5282 06 568 99 2 289 47 2008 5562 63 50 00 5772 64 5703 73 568 17 52 392 41 2009 5472 57 50 00 5763 47 5309 88 567 37 52 187 47 Figure 22 Chart Data Table Save Chart l The Save Chart enables users to save the graph in any specified folder in a PNG format which can then be used in documents or presentations MaximizelMin
14. which to save the analysis and designate the file s name for future reference Click the save button to save CT Vcost then saves every user input into the file format vcost The Open File icon enables users to open and load an already saved CT Vcost doc ument Click on the icon above and this will open a window with a list files having the vcost extension To open a file select on the file name and click the Open button A dialog box showing the modules updated will be displayed see Figure 4 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Open File Dialog a 71W Traffic NB vcost loaded into Vcost Data for following modules were updated Scenario Information Single Vehicle Analysis Fleet Vehicles Fleet Composition Vehicle Utilization Data Vehicle Maintenance Data Route Information Figure 4 Example of a loaded CT Vcost Document The Restart icon Qu the application and the Start New icon enables users to create another instance of the application Getting Help Click on the Help button view this user manual Also look for the Quick Refer ence Guide boxes which provide simple explanations on what users can do on a cer tain page See the example shown in Figure 5 Quick Reference Guide Show Hide Series Bar Display Settings legends labels etc View Data Save Chart BB Maximize Minimize Tip Hover on a point to see value Tip Click on bar chart to view pie distribution Tip Use Display Settings icon
15. 3 2005 2007 2009 Year Year TECC 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Total Cost Over 10 Years Fuel Cost Maintenance Insurance Finance Depreciation Other Fixed Cost 10 00 Total Cost in thousands 2 00 0 00 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Cummulative Chart 2000 Pontiac Grand Cummulative Cost Over 10 Years of BEBE 8888858 Cummu SsS8SE 88583 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 ARARRRRAARR 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Year Year 100 00 80 00 8500 2 60 00 60 00 E 40 00 E 40 00 g 20 00 520 00 0 00 0 00 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Year Year RE RUN Figure 16 Single Vehicle Analysis Output Screen 26 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Bar Chart Single Vehicle Analysis The bar chart shows a breakdown of total annual cost of selected vehicle for the specified analysis period This cost is broken into the following categories Fuel Cost Maintenance Insurance Finance Depreciation and Other Fixed Costs When a bar is clicked the data is represented as a pie chart as illustrated in Figure 17 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Total Cost Over 10 Years Pie Chart Distribution for 2003 Depreciation Finance Insurance Maintenance Other Fixed Cost Fuel Cost 15 11 Figure 17 Pie Chart Showing
16. Exact 45 000 miles 0 00 No gt Scheduled Service 4 Exact 60 000 miles Year Annual Maintenance Cost Scheduled Service 5 Exact 75 000 miles Year 1 0 00 Scheduled Service 6 Exact 90 000 miles Year 2 0 00 Scheduled Service 7 Exact 120 000 miles Year 3 600 00 Scheduled Service 8 Exact 150 000 miles Year 4 50 00 1st Major Repair Service Exact 30 000 miles ins Year 6 0 00 2nd Major Repair Service Exact 60 000 miles Year 7 600 00 3rd Major Repair Service Exact 100 000 miles Year 8 0 00 4th Major Repair Service Exact 150 000 miles Year 9 0 00 5th Major Repair Service Exact 250 000 miles Year 10 0 00 Figure 10 Tire Replacement between 40 000 and 60 000 miles Recurrent turned On and corresponding Annual Maintenance Cost 16 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Schedule Repair Item Name pum Cost Recurrent Oil Change Exact 0 miles 0 00 Yes Tire Replacement Range 30 000 to 60 000 miles 600 00 Hybrid Battery Replacement Exact M 0 miles 0 00 No M Scheduled Service 1 Exact 15 000 miles 0 00 No Scheduled Service 2 Exact 30 000 miles 0 00 No Scheduled Service 3 Exact 45 000 miles E Scheduled Service 4 Exact 60 000 miles Annual Maintenance Cost Scheduled Service 5 Exact 75 000 miles 0 00 Scheduled Service 6 Exact 90 000 miles 300 00 Scheduled Service 7 Exact 120 000 miles 5300 00 Scheduled Service 8 Exact 150 000 miles e 1st Major Repair Service Exact 30 000 miles 0 00 2
17. Percent Distribution of Cost Categories Multi Vehicle Analysis The Multi Vehicle outputs are similar to the Single Ve hicle outputs except that more than one vehicle is analyzed and multiple vehicle outputs can be compared simultaneously Also bar chart values are not broken down by item e g depreciation fuel etc but rather summed up as the total for each year in the analysis period Navigation is based mostly on the icons de scribed in the Quick Reference Guide 27 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Fleet Analysis Bars representing the total annual cost for all of the vehicles in the selected fleet are shown by category When a bar is clicked the data is repre sented as a pie chart as illustrated in Figure 17 28 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Line Chart Single Vehicle Analysis Operating cost are separated into annual Fuel Tax An nual Miles Fuel Consumed and Annual Operating Cost see Figure 18 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Annual Operating Cost for 10 Years 140 00 _ 20 7 120 00 100 00 5 15 680 00 4104 60 00 40 00 Lis 20 00 E lt 0 00 4 I I I I I I 1 04 I 1 T T I 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Year Year 1275 10 00 e 10 z 800 2 5 3 gt 9 600 6 5 400 44 3 3 2 2J S 2 00 U
18. T Vcost data is stored in the DefaultData folder and user generated data is stored in the UserData folder The two separate folders enable users to easily distin guish between default data prepackaged with CT Vcost and data generated by others Default data is stored in four Extensible Markup Language XML files I DefaultVehicles xml This database file stores specific default vehicle data such as vehicle make model class city miles per gallon mpg highway mpg manufacturer s suggested retail price MSRP axle ratio Each vehicle is as signed a unique ID starting with the prefix veh For example the first vehicle is referenced by the unique ID veh001 CT Vcost uses this ID for data storage cost calculations and user interactions via the Graphical User Interface GUI The unique ID property also enables vehicles to retain their unique identities and da ta values when dealing with multiple vehicles vehicle classes and vehicle fleets If the vehicle is missing a certain data requirement e g MSRP the data value is represented as 1 in the database and the vehicle class average value is used in the calculations II DefaultParameters xml This file stores default parameter values for various vehicle classes Default parameter values stored by vehicle class include average annual miles traveled annual insurance cost annual percentage rate APR fi nance term in years average first year depreciation subsequent year deprec
19. VDP 3 Select Drive Cycle 7 2004 Jaguar X8 Differential Gear Ratio 3 34 4 Add Drive Cycle to list of cyles to be analysed F 2004 Jaguar axle final gear ratio 4 to include VIC Jaguar XK8 multiple cycles uS NOTE Default values may not necessarily be accurate for each vehicle in the fleet Please make 6 Click Next to continue 2004 Jaguar XK8 Convertible sure to use as much accurate information as possible to get the best results 7 2004 Jaguar XKR Note Default Values Specify Drive Cycle L Show only drive cycle ready vehicles Select Driving Cycle Texas LDV Custom Vehicles J Select This Vehicle Select Congestion Level Congested M 2004 Select Driver Duncan X Jaguar XK8 Cycle Name EnterDriveCycleNamel 18 26 mpg city hwy Add Drive Cycle Figure 38 Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles Analysis NEXT 1 Similar to the Single Analysis module users select a vehicle from the list of available vehicle models and advanced vehicle data from these models are transferred to the Specify Vehicle and Drive Cycle Parameters text boxes Data transferred include ve hicle weight in pounds and the coast down target coefficients A B and C retrieved from the EPA database Note By default the Show only drive cycle ready vehicles option is checked This option en ables users to select vehicles for which the EPA data is available 53 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Default values in the Spec
20. Vehicle Operating Cost Toolkit User Manual The Center for Transportation Research at the University of Texas at Austin Texas Department of Transportation September 2011 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Project Title Estimating Texas Motor Vehicle Operating Costs TXDOT 0 5974 Project Sponsor Texas Department of Transportation Performing Agency Center for Transportation Research CTR The University of Texas at Austin Project Engineer Dr Ronald Matthew University of Texas at Austin Research Supervisor Robert Harrison Deputy Director CTR Research Team Dan Seedah Toolkit and GUI Development Murat Ates Drive Cycles and Engine Models Kyung Jin Kim Transmission Models Garrett Anderson Hydraulic Hybrid Models James Vaughn Differential Models Dimitrios Dardalis Engine Models Dr Hao Lijun Light Duty and Heavy Duty Hybrid Model User Manual and Debugging Joshua Muckelston CTR USIT 11 Intern Project Directors Dr Duncan Stewart RTT Don Lewis retired Project Advisors TXDOT Janie Temple Jackie Ploch Jo Woten Paul Campbell Peggy Thurin Logo Design Ashley Williams CTR 11 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK TABLE OF CONTENTS lar ted E T o E E E ee E 1 DY SPCR OTIC MIS tecto ndis dou denen cis onn dE Medo 1 stala O MU UAI MEL 2 Advanced Option for Vehicle Fuel Economy Models sse 3 Det
21. al the repair cost is included in the cost calculation at the exact time the vehicle reaches the specified mile age However with the Range interval repair cost is distributed between the start and end mileage range For example if the tires needs to be replaced somewhere between 40 000 and 60 000 miles as shown in Figure 10 once the accumulated mileage falls with in that range the tire replacement cost is included in the vehicle s repair cost for that year If the repair occurs over multiple years within that range the repair cost is divided by the number of occurrences and evenly distributed over the years of occurrence see Fig ure 11 15 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual NOTE Ranges should be used only if the range is greater than the base annual mileage e g 15 000 miles In addition a repair may be set to be recurrent select Yes which means that at the spec ified schedule interval the repair item will occur again Using the tire replacement re pair as an example tire repair cost will be calculated again when the vehicle mileage reaches between 80 000 to 120 000 mile range see Figure 10 Item Name Scheme ere Recurrent Interval Cost Oil Change Exact T 0 miles 0 00 Yes Tire Replacement Range M 40 000 to 60 000 miles 600 00 Yes M Hybrid Battery Replacement Exact 0 miles 0 00 No Scheduled Service 1 Exact 15 000 miles 0 00 No Scheduled Service 2 Exact 30 000 miles 0 00 No T Scheduled Service 3
22. alysis a Route Analysis Specify Composition Return To Output Page The steps to be followed with running the Route Cost Analysis module are i f Build Route see Figure 36 45 Define Scenario using the Scenario Module Select fleet vehicles see Fleet Vehicles section Specify vehicle compositions see Fleet Composition section Specify vehicle parameters see Fleet Parameters section CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Build Routes Account for Driver and Delay Cost ID Route Name Edit Total Miles 7 Specify Hourly Delay Cost 0 00 SH 130 71 W 45 A IH 35 to 71 W 45 V Specify Per Mile Driver Cost 50 404 Estimate MPG based on Optimal Speed Specify Speed for Optimal Fuel Economy 55 mph AR Quick Reference Guide Edit Route Information 45 miles ID Specify Specify Travel Speed Travel Road Pavement Distance Condition mph Time hrs Use Fee Roughness 45 FreeFlow 60 0 75 0 Rough SAVE Figure 36 Route Builder Module Building Routes a Begin building routes by clicking the Add Route button see Figure 37 b Click on the text box underneath the Route Name column and specify the route name e g T11 Click the Edit button next to the Route Name to specify the route character istics This will generate a new window labeled Edit Route Information 46 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Build Routes 1 11 43 Figure 37 Building Routes d Edit
23. alysis The Fleet Analysis window has five main sub modules which can be accessed via their re spective buttons and a data summary sheet which summaries information from each sub module see Figure 25 Fleet Analysis Fleet Data Summary Scenario Summary Analysis Base Year 2011 Gas Tax 0 18 Gas Price Projection 5 75 Time Value of Money 1 20 Defi ne Scenario Analysis Period 10 years Diesel Tax 0 18 Diesel Price Projection 5 75 Gas Price 3 59 Mileage Breakdown Gas Tax Indexing Unchecked Diesel Price 3 59 55 00 city 45 00 highway Diesel Tax Indexing Unchecked Fleet Vehicles Summary Se ect Number of vehicle models selected 7 Average City MPG 17 70 Number of LDV vehicles 5 Average Highway MPG 21 86 Fleet Vehicles Number of HDV vehicles 2 Fleet Composition Summary Fleet Type Constant Fleet Total number of vehicles 100 P Number of vehicle classes 4 Projected Fleet Specify Growth Rate l Fleet Composition CompactCar 25 25 SUV 25 25 Class8Truck 25 and or Market Penetration 25 SmallPickup 25 25 Advanced Ontion Turned On False Fleet Parameters Summary S pecify Annual Average VMT 39 286 Average Interest Rates 0 Total VMT over 10 years 392 857 Average Annual Maintenance Cost 670 Fleet Parameters Average MSRP 47 713 Average Insurance Premium 850 Return To Figure 25 Fleet Analysis Define Scenario The Define Scenario but
24. argeCar 1996 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 2 2112 25766 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1997 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 5 21 5 26200 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1998 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 6 21 6 26898 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 1999 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 4 21 4 26339 gasoline A 1 1 1 LargeCar 2000 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 21 9 21 9 25756 gasoline A 1 1 1 4 n Figure 46 Custom Vehicle Builder 63 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Updating Fleet Vehicles Please consult the research team concerning vehicle updates Because of the need for data integrity this feature is not publicly accessible 64
25. as m m m 2 Unwy m Veity 60 0 _ 500 m 2 400 2 30 0 E 20 0 5 10 0 0 0 120 Speed mph e 1997 Toyota Celica Actual 1997 Toyota Celica CT Vcost 1995 Geo Prizm Actual 1995 Geo Prizm CT Vcost x 1994 Chevrelot Pickup Actual 1994 Chevrelot Pickup CT Vcost Single Wide Tire Tractor Trailer Actual Single Wide Tire Tractor Trailer CT Vcost Figure 40 Comparison of slope based approach with actual fuel economy data TABLE 1 Sample Lookup Table 49 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Speed mph 10 I5 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 Dual Tire Single 1994 1994 Dual Tire Tractor Wide eas Vi Chevy Jeep 1997 Tractor Single Tire Tire Picku Grand Toyota Dual Tire Wide Tractor AGON 25 P Cherokee Celica Trailer Tire Dual Tire 29 24 Trailer Trailer 5 P 21 21 7 9 8 2 19 1 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 0 16 11 2 34 1 3 4 3 6 3 3 3 4 16 3 17 5 41 7 3 8 4 0 3 9 4 0 19 9 24 7 46 De 4 0 4 0 4 0 22 7 21 8 52 6 4 1 4 3 4 6 4 6 26 3 21 6 50 8 4 4 4 6 5 0 4 9 24 3 25 47 6 4 4 4 9 9 2 5 0 26 7 25 5 36 2 4 8 5 2 5 3 5 1 27 3 2544 44 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 3 26 3 24 8 44 8 5 4 5 8 6 2 6 0 25 1 24 42 5 5 8 6 1 6 2 6 2 22 6 23 2 48 4 6 3 6 8 6 9 7 0 21 8 21 5 43 5 6 6 Jud 7 1 7 3 20 1 20 39 2 7 0 7 7 7 0 7 0 18 1 19 1 36 8 7 5 7 9 7 9 8 1 Lookup Table Approach The lookup table approach prov
26. aulE Data ys User Dalian tote 5 Tooltip rcm 7 Ss Hb m TT RE 8 Ver Cl PV MOGI ras tyes M EET 9 Cole M CREME 9 Weliiele Dili Za MOC UIC Hc 12 Vence Module a cete e a eae 14 Pavement eese 18 AM SIS one toties 20 co bbe Lew 22 UU a aaa a E 26 Miilti V ehicle Analysis 33 Fe VS ee BTML VS A A E ET T E EE TT A 35 Growth Rate and Market Penetration Analysis eee 4 ROUTE Cost Analys ceno eon deatur oss endet 44 Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycle Analysis eese 53 Heavy Duty Venicle Drive Cy cle oon oci A N 60 Advanced CO LIOMS c t HE 63 Creatine CUstom v CI ESen mie 63 IJpdatne oe de ia at cataract ae A ett 64 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK vi CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual GETTING STARTED GUIDE The Center for Transportation Research CTR Texas Department of Transportation TXDOT Vehicle Operating Cost Toolkit CT Vcost is user friendly and robust soft ware that provides operating cost estimates for specific representative veh
27. cle run may take up to ten 10 or more minutes to com plete 7 Proceed with the Compare Drive Cycles and Examine Drive Cycle MPG options as desired see the section on LDV Drive Cycle Analysis screen for further instructions For more information on how data is sent to UTFEM_HDV exe please refer to the Final Report of this study The following table shows some of the specifications of the vehicle types which are all Class 8 trucks Table 2 HDV Vehicle Types Specifications Cummins Sterling MB Freightliner Engine Model Cummins M11 MBEA000 Caterpillar C12 11 12 8 11 8 placement L Engine Year 1995 2004 2001 of Cylinders 6 6 6 HP 330 1800 rpm 370 HP 2000 rpm 410 HP 2100 Torque lb ft 1250 1200 rpm 1450 1100 rpm 1450 Transmission Eaton Fuller RTLO Eaton Fuller FRO Model 14913A 14210B of Gears 9 13 10 Meritor Rockwell Meritor Rockwell Differential Axle Hypoid Single Reduc Hypoid Single Reduc Model Paton D9404 tion RT 40 145 Tan tion RT 40 145 Tan dem Drive Axle dem Drive Axle For more information on how data is sent to UTFEM HDV exe please refer to the Final Report of this study 62 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual ADVANCED OPTIONS Creating Custom Vehicles If a vehicle cannot be found in the database use the Custom Vehicle option to add that vehicle 1 Fill in the text boxes on the Builder page with vehicle information beginning with the vehicle class
28. delimited Note For LDV drive cycles Altitude ft columns may contain zero values as Altitude is not considered as a variable in the UT_LDV model 54 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual CustomDriveCycle txt Noepd File Edit Format View Help Time s Vehicle Speed mph Altitude ft 0 34 3246327 0 T 34 25487129 0 2 34 07879732 0 3 33 69135582 0 33 29719373 0 5 32 09414543 0 6 30 38587381 0 7 29 58730942 0 8 29 16914649 0 9 27 75089886 0 10 26 72464079 0 11 26 36472719 0 12 26 0058706 0 as 25 64790395 0 14 24 68000482 0 15 22 35768131 0 16 20 35852313 0 20 01798531 0 18 19 6764817 0 19 19 33405367 0 20 18 99243421 0 21 18 6574752 0 22 18 3379618 0 23 18 02921253 0 24 17 73174541 0 25 17 4439406 0 26 17 16610521 0 27 16 89973381 0 28 17 82397769 0 29 19 17458152 0 30 20 52234542 0 31 21 8041802 0 32 22 12576081 0 33 22 37899631 0 Figure 39 Custom LDV Drive Cycle Example LDV Drive Cycle Analysis Screen The LDV Drive Cycle Analysis Screen provides users with two types of analysis Com pare Drive Cycles and Examine Drive Cycle MPG Compare Drive Cycles Using the Compare Drive Cycles option users can select from a list of twelve 12 vari ables to compare the different drive cycles see Figure 40 Compare Drive Cycles Examine Drive Cycle MPG Desired Output Remove Selected Select Desired Output Speed Error mph O Desired Speed mph Gear O Engine Torque
29. description frequency of work performed and cost associated with the item Cost data for light duty vehicles was collected from RepairPal com and TXDOT s Fleet Maintenance Database For additional information on vehicle maintenance data and calculations please refer to Vehicle Maintenance Module section of this manual and the Final Report of this study 4 This parameter is used for maintenance schemes that are similar for vehicle models of different years 6 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Tool Strip Shortcuts The icons shown in Figure 3 are located at the top left hand corner of the CT Vcost toolkit These icons serve as shortcuts to various functions of the model Q m Single Vehicle Analysis Fleet Analysis Multi Vehicle Analysis Route Cost Route cost amp Drive cycle Analyses gt Drive Cycle Analyses Route cost amp drive cycle Analyses Route Cost Analysis Advanced Options Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles i E Heavy Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles Figure 3 CT Vcost Tool Strip Shortcuts The Previous c as the name signifies returns the user to the most recently visit ed page The Home icon a provides shortcut links to all the different analysis types available in CT Vcost as illustrated in Figure 3 The Save File icon enables users to save the entire application at its current state Simply click the Save File icon and this will open a new window Select the folder in
30. efault 54 drive cycles for 3 vehicles and the options are as follows 1 11 iit Ul Vehicle 2004 Sterling MBE4000 2001 Caterpillar C12 and 1995 Cum mins M11 see Table 2 Weight Empty 45 000 Ibs Cubed Out 65 000 Ibs and Weighed Out 80 000 Ibs Congestion Level Congested Freeflow and Moderate Driver Bevo Longhorn Aggressive Tire Size Any reasonable tire size value can be specified here Class 8 Trucks Only Trailer Type can be selected Options include Flat bed and Box b If Custom is selected the user is allowed to specify additional parameters such as 1 11 il 1 Weight Any custom weight value can be inputted here Engine Select between the two types of engines Cummins M11 330 hp and Caterpillar C 12 430 hp Transmission Gear Ratios Up to 9 ratios Differential Select one of the following Tandem Tag Axle Dual Tandem Dual Tag Axle Differential Gear Ratio Add Selection Click on the Add Selection button to include the vehicle specifications in the Selected Drive Cycles box See Figure 45 Repeat the above steps to add other cycles to the list For each Custom Drive Cycle click on the Run Model EO iton to run the drive cycle through the UT Fuel Economy Model UTFEM_HDV exe When the run is completed the Run Model button will be replaced by the drive cycle s average MPG 61 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Note The custom drive cy
31. er Manual If users decide not to account for changes in utilization with vehicle age the Account for Changes in Annual Vehicle Miles Traveled check box should be unchecked Users can also load default data after any edits by clicking on the Load Data button 13 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Vehicle Maintenance Module The Vehicle Maintenance Module seeks to simulate the actual maintenance activities of a vehicle Vehicle data from RepairPal com and TXDOT s fleet database are used as de fault values The module can be accessed via the Edit Maintenance button or link Once accessed the module displays the Annual Maintenance Cost of the vehicle through each year of the analysis period see Figure 8 The Average Annual Maintenance Cost and Av erage Per Mile Maintenance Cost are also calculated and displayed Annual repair cost can be graphed by clicking on the Plot Graph button Annual Maintenance Cost veh1996 170 45 546 50 xnl Average Annual 9345 90 Maintenance Cost 1 475 90 696 83 1 016 95 300 00 1 043 55 Average Per Mile 376 05 Maintenance Cost 0 049 Change Maintenance Scheme Save Changes Figure 8 Vehicle Maintenance Module Annual Maintenance Cost Display If a user chooses to alter the maintenance scheme of the vehicle the Change Maintenance Scheme button is clicked and this opens up the vehicle s maintenance scheme page see Figure 9 Users have a variety of options to specify a mainte
32. er on a point to see value Tip Click on bar chart to view pie distribution Tip Use Display Settings icon to show legend 4 Line Chart Fuel Fuel Per Mile Calculation of 1 000 vehicles 3 different models 3 Different Routes 30 00 30 00 20 00 10 00 30 00 35M 35C 130 200 00 ra rag ra 100 00 5000 0 00 35M 35C 130 MODIFY SCENARIO Carb o NwW Cn cin in Route Analysis gt gt Anal Bar Chart Per Mile Cost of 1 000 vehicles 3 different models on 3 Different Routes Road Use Cost Fuel Cost Driver Cost Maintenance MEN Finance Depreciz Fixed Cost Insurance 1 400 0000 4 1 200 0000 51 000 0000 800 0000 amp 5600 0000 400 0000 1 200 0000 0 0000 Cummulative Chart OBE Total Route Cost of 1 000 vehicles 3 different models on 3 Different Routes 140 00 20 00 S Smo 15 00 8 wo 2 1000 gt 500 000 35M 35C 130 35M 35C S500 4 00 5 5 3 3 00 5 200 2 00 150 8 5100 0 00 0 35M 35C 130 35M 35C Figure 37 Route Cost Analysis Output Ihe Bar Chart group box shows total route cost of each specified route and broken down into their various categories Fuel Cost Road Use Cost Driver Cost etc Click ing on each bar returns a pie di
33. et 10 Pickup 2010 HEB Truck Estimate 2010 Cummins M11 80K Bevo 2010 Cummins M11 45K Longhorn 1995 Cummins M11 45K Bevo Figure 33 Annual Market Penetration of a Fleet Vehicle Model Click the Save button to return to the Fleet Analysis screen 43 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Route Cost Analysis The Route Cost Analysis is accessible via the Route Cost and Drive Cycle Analyses page see Figure 34 Route Cost and Drive Cycle Analyses Select Analysis Type Route Cost Analysis Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles Heavy Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles Figure 34 Route Cost and Drive Cycle Analyses This enables users to determine the cost of driving a vehicle or fleet of vehicles on a particular route or multiple routes It enables users to e Select a fleet of vehicles and specify the routes average speeds road use charges and congestion levels along the routes Examine vehicle operational costs fuel consumption and other items of interest along the routes Many of the steps in Route Cost Analysis module are similar to the Fleet Analysis module except that the users must define the different routes using the Build Route sub module see Figure 35 44 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 8 CTR TXDOT Vehicle Operating Cost Toolkit Vcosi Route Cost Analysis Define Scenario Select Vehicles Specify Parameters Build Route Select Vehicles Summary Number of vehicle models 2 Figure 35 Route Cost An
34. et Vehicles 36 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Specifying Fleet Composition The Fleet Composition module allows users to specify the total number of vehicles in a fleet and the number of vehicle models in each class see Figure 27 1 Vehicle composition can be determined either by vehicle class or vehicle model when the user toggles the Advanced Options check box 2 100 vehicles is the default value for the total number of fleet vehicles but this be altered by clicking on the text box and entering a different number 3 Users can alter the percent composition of the fleet by editing the text box es for each class or vehicle making sure that all percent values have a sum of 100 4 Click Save to move on to the next step Use Advanced Option Specify Total Number of Vehicles 100 Page 1 Class8Truck 16 16 96 Edit Count E 2010 Cummins 11 45 33 5 T 3 vehicle models 2010 HEB Truck Estimate 1995 Cummins M1145 33 5 CompactCar 16 16 1 vehicle models Edit Count S05 Toyota Sion XA Minivan 16 16 96 1 vehicle models Edit Count 2005 Toyota Sienna CargoVan 16 16 96 3 vehicle models Edit Count 2011 Chevrolet 63500 33 5 2011 Ford 150 VAN 33 5 a Figure 27 Fleet Composition 37 SUV 16 16 96 1 vehicle models Edit Count 2005 Toyota Sequoia 2 100 SmallPickup 16 16 4 vehicle models Ed
35. f vehicle MPG based on the travel speed CT Vcost is packaged with two different algorithms to calculate fuel consump tion as a function of vehicle speed 1 the slope based approach and 2 the lookup table approach Slope Based Approach Fuel consumption is calculated as a function of speed using at least two known points city miles per gallon and highway mpg mpgnwy This approach assumes that city mpg and highway mpg are achieved at average cycle speeds of 21 2 mph and 48 3 mph Vpy respec tively according to EPA tests 519 The user then specifies an optimum mpg speed v and using Equation 1 and 2 the possible mpg estimates are derived As illustrated in Figure 40 the slope based approach though simple and replica ble for most vehicles is not entirely accurate as optimum mpg varies between 25 to 55 mph when using actual fuel economy data I U S Environmental Protection Agency Detailed Test Information Available at http www fueleconomy gov feg fe test schedules shtml Accessed July 2011 BH West R N McGill J W Hodgson S S Sluder D E Smith Development and Verifica tion of Light Duty Modal Emissions and Fuel Consumption Values for Traffic Models Wash ington DC April 1997 and additional project data April 1998 Additional resources www thwa tsis com 48 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual _ v m if V S vo JOLIE hy mene esa where the slope is defined
36. ia tion and other fixed costs such as vehicle registration Further details on how the default values are obtained can be found in the Final Report of this study DefaultValues xml This file stores miscellaneous default data used in vari ous aspects of the toolkit Examples of information stored in this file include 3 Annual percentage rate APR describe the interest rate for a whole year annualized as applied on a vehicle loan 5 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual e Default scenario values such as 2011 Texas average fuel price and fuel tax values analysis period combined fuel economy weights fuel price and tax projections and the time value of money e Default light duty and heavy duty utilization ratios e Default fleet size value of a 100 vehicles e Default speed constraint values for congested moderate and highway conditions For further notes on the different modules that use the above listed data please refer to their specific sections Scenario Module Vehicle Utilization Module Fleet Vehicle Composition and the Route Builder modules The Final Report of this study also provides information on how these default values were obtained IV DefaultMaintenance xml This file stores default maintenance cost data by vehicle class and by individual vehicles when available The database stores the following parameters vehicle name class vehicle make vehicle model begin year and end year maintenance item
37. icles or vehi cle fleets The toolkit default data is based on verified secondary vehicle cost data and certified vehicle databases such as the Environmental Protection Agency s EPA Fuel Economy database and Annual Certification Test Results database The toolkit also al lows users to change key variable parameters so that cost calculations are specific to any particular situation and can be updated as the economic or technological landscape changes Sample cost categories included in the CT Vcost toolkit include depreciation financing insurance maintenance costs fuel cost driver costs road use fees e g tolls and other fixed costs such as vehicle registration It also comes packaged with sophisti cated fuel economy prediction models for heavy duty light duty and hybrid vehicles The fuel prediction models developed using both experimental and survey data have the ability to measure fuel consumption for default or custom drive cycles specified by users Output from the fuel prediction models can be used in with the toolkit to perform different types of analyses as described later in this manual In summary the CT Vcost toolkit was designed to be intuitive and flexible enough for simulating different scenar ios and situations System Requirements CT Vcost was developed using Visual C NET Studio and is compatible with all Mi crosoft Windows versions which have Microsoft NET Framework 4 0 installed The minimum system require
38. ides a much better es timate of mpg as function of speed by utilizing actual mpg values see Table 1 This approach though more accurate is dependent on the availability of accu rate data For each speed v on the specified route profile CT Vcost iterates through each row of the column matching the vehicle model and returns the ve hicle s mpg f v When the vehicle speed v falls within the range of two suc cessive speeds v vj 4 the mpgs of the successive speeds f vj and f vi 4 are used in determining the vehicles mpg f v as illustrated in Equation 3 v x vo v O Vi 1 Vi l Upon completion click the Save button to return to the Route Cost Analysis home page m Click the Run button to proceed with performing the analysis 50 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Route Cost Analysis Output The data generated in the Route Cost Analysis output slightly differs from the output of the other applications It is still possible to Modify Scenario from this output page but the Show Annual Per Mile Cost and Account for different vehicle ages options are disabled see Figure 37 CTR TXD f XDOT Vehi Output Settings Route Analysis 9 Show Annual Per Mile Cost Account for different vehicle ages Quick Reference Guide Show Hide Series Display Settings legends labels etc View Data teal Save Chart 8 Maximize Minimize Tip Hov
39. ies a standalone set of shared libraries that enable the execution of MATLABS files on computers without an installed version of MATLAB The VcostSetup exe comes packaged with MCR and users have the option of installing the MCR package during setup The MCR libraries can be installed at a later time when users choose to use the Vehicle Fuel Economy Models Figure 2 shows the installer for the Matlab MCR librar ies MCRInstaller ex which can be found in the VehicleFuelEconomyModel folder 2 The model names are as follows UTFEM_HDV exe for heavy duty vehicles UT FEM_LDV exe for light duty vehicles Further details on these models can be found in the Final Report of this study 3 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 19 MATLAB R Compiler Runtime 7 13 InstallShield Wizard MATLAB Compiler Runtime The InstallShield R Wizard will install MATLAB R Compiler Runtime 7 13 on your computer To continue click Next MATLAB and Simulink are registered trademarks of The MathWorks Inc Please see wwnw mathworks com trademarks for a list of other trademarks owned by The MathWorks Inc Other product or brand names are trademarks or registered tradmarks of their respective owners WARNING This program is protected by copyright law and international treaties Copyright 1984 2010 The MathWorks Inc The MathWorks Figure 2 MATLAB Compiler Runtime MCR Installer CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Default Data vs User Data Default C
40. ify Vehicle and Drive Cycle Parameters text boxes include engine Max Power hp Max Power RPM Tire Specifications uses the Section Width Sidewall Aspect Ratio Tire and Wheel Diameter convention Transmission Gear Ratios and Dif ferential Gear Ratio Users can change these values but need to ensure that inputs rep resent a realistic vehicle 2 Users must select a drive cycle from the Select Drive Cycle drop down list locat ed in the Specify Drive Cycle group box see Figure 38 Note If the Texas LDV drive cycle is selected users have the additional option of select ing a Congestion Level Congested Moderate and Freeflow and a Driver Duncan Wayne and Sandra 3 After specifying vehicle parameters and selecting a drive cycle click on the Add Add Drive Cycle Drive Cycle button This will update the Number of Selected Drive Cycles count 4 New vehicle parameters and drive cycles can be added to the selected drive cycle list by repeating steps 1 to 4 B Click on the Next NEXT button to continue to next page LDV Drive Cycle Analysis Screen Adding Custom Drive Cycles Custom drive cycles can also be loaded by users by clicking on the Upload Custom Drive Cycle le button and selecting the appropriate drive cycle which must be in a TXT file It MUST also meet the following standards as shown in Figure 39 1 Contain the following headers Time s Vehicle Speed mph and Altitude ft Columns must be tab
41. imize Chart This property enables users to expand the view of the chart Clicking it again brings the chart back to the default minimized version 32 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Multi Vehicle Analysis Multi Vehicle Analysis enables users to select up to five or more vehicles alter their characteristics much like Single Vehicle Analysis and compare their operating cost out puts Selecting a Vehicle 1 Vehicles are selected using the Filter and Search functions similar to that of the Single Vehicle Analysis 2 Parameters are edited in a similar fashion as the Single Vehicle Analysis except for the Edit Curve and the Average Annual Maintenance Cost inputs Users can edit a vehicle s utilization curve and average annual maintenance cost values by click on their respective links see Figure 23 Available Vehicles 1578 Select Vehicle Filter Filter by Class SUV Filter by Make Filter by Model Search 2005 Suzuki Grand Vitara 2005 Toyota 4RUNNER 2WD 2005 Toyota 4ARUNNER 4WD 2005 Toyota Highlander 4WD 7 2005 Toyota Land Cruiser 7 2005 Toyota RAV4 2WD 2005 Toyota RAV4 4WD 2005 Toyota Sequoia 2WD 2005 Toyota Sequoia 4WD 2005 Volkswagen Touareg 2005 Toyota Highlander 2WD Custom Vehicles J Select This Vehicle Parameters City MPG Highway MPG New Vehicle Price Annual Utilization Utilization Curve Insurance APR Down Payment Finance Te
42. in this class will appear in the list below Check the vehicles to be edited and click the Edit button see Figure 29 Parameters can be edited in the same fashion as the Vehicle Class option 38 Specify Fleet Paramaters By Vehicle Class 9 Individual Vehicles CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Filter by Vehicle Class All Vehicles Edit Parameters Parameter Value New Vehicle Price 1 00 Utilization 15 000 miles year Select Vehicle s Insurance 850 5 2010 HEB Truck Estimate APR 455 2005 Toyota Sienna 2WD 2005 Toyota Sequoia 2WD Down Payment 1500 2005 Toyota Scion XA Finance Term 60 months a am First Year Payment 20 v 2011 Chevrolet G3500 Express 2011 Chevrolet G1500 Express Subsequent Year Payment 15 96 2009 GMC Canyon 2WD er Fixed Cost annua 2009 GMC Canyon 2WD Other Fixed Cost lly 75 00 v 2008 GMC Canyon 2008 GMC Canyon 4WD di lizati F 2003 GMC Sonoma 2WD Edit Utilization Curve 7 2010 Cummins M11 45K Longhorn 1995 Cummins M11 45K Bevo Edit Maintenance Scheme Save Figure 29 Fleet Parameters by Individual Vehicles Fleet Analysis Output Once vehicles are selected compositions defined and parameters are specified the user can click on the Run button BE the Fleet Analysis page The output page for Fleet Analysis is much like the output pages for Single and Multi Vehicle Analysis Fleet A
43. it Count EE 2008 GMC Canyon 25 4 2008GMCCanyon4WD 25 4 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Specifying Fleet Parameters Vehicle parameters can be edited much like in Single and Multi Vehicle Analysis This can be done either by Vehicle Class or by Individual Vehicles To navigate between the two click on the radio button to the left of the option desired Vehicle Class Users are able to adjust parameters of all the vehicles in a class by clicking on the text box for the parameter they wish to alter see Figure 28 Specify Fleet Paramaters By Vehicle Class Individual Vehicles Utilization Insurance Interest Rate APR Down Payment Finance Term 1st Year Depreciation Subsequent Years Depreciation Other Costs annual Maintenance Scheme Avg Annual Cost Pagel Page2 Class8Truck 100 000 miles y 850 S year 4 55 96 1500 60 months 20 96 15 200 00 5 340 00 ed Minivan 15 000 miles ye 850 S year 4 55 96 1500 60 months 20 96 15 96 75 00 757 35 Figure 28 Vehicle Parameters by Vehicle Class Input Estimated Parameters SUV 15 000 miles ye 850 S year 4 55 96 1500 60 months 20 15 96 75 00 821 38 Individual Vehicles Select vehicles by clicking the drop down arrow below Fil ter by Vehicle Class This will generate a list of the different classes of selected vehicles Click the class of the desired vehicle and all vehicles
44. le drop down column The initial vehicle count is retrieved from the Fleet Composition module and displayed in the Initial Count column 2 Using percentages specify the Annual Market Penetration MP of the vehicle model and the number of years that percentage change will occur 42 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual D Add vehicles to the market penetration table by using the Add Vehicle Add Vehicle button and remove vehicles from the list using the Remove Ve Remove Vehicl hicle button see Figure 33 4 Account for changes in market penetration using the Add Market Penetration Add Market Penetration Remove Market Penetration Add Market Penetration and Remove Market Penetration buttons Note Total number of years or the sum of the number of years specified for each vehi cle model cannot exceed the analysis period Specify Annual Market Penetration MP of a Fleet Vehicle Add Vehicle Remove Vehicle Clear All Vehicles Add Market Penetration Remove Market Penetration Plot All cx Initial Annual No of Annual No of Plot seco Count MP Years MP Years Graph 2010 Nissan Altima Coupe 5 2 00 2 5 00 0 5 0 00 0 0 00 0 2011 Nissan Altima Hybrid 2011 Nissan Altima 2010 Nissan Altima Coupe 2009 Nissan Altima Coupe 2009 GMC Canyon Crew 2009 GMC Canyon 4WD 2009 Ford Ranger 2WD 2002 Nissan Sentra 2001 Nissan Altima 2001 GMC Sonoma 2WD 2000 Nissan Altima 2000 Isuzu Hombre Pickup 2000 Chevrol
45. ments for CT Vcost are 1 1 GHZ Pentium 3 or equivalent and 512 MB RAM 2 1 GB Free Hard Drive Space 3 Microsoft NET framework 4 1 Microsoft NET Framework 4 is packaged with the CT Vcost setup and will be installed automatically if the framework is not already installed on the system It is also available for download at Microsoft com 1 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Installation Run the VcostSetup exe file as shown in Figure 2 and follow the instructions on the screen CTR TXDOT Vcost Toolkit 2 0 Setup Welcome to the installation of CTR TXDOT Vcost Toolkit version 2 0 Please close all active programs to avoid any conflicts and press to begin the setup procedure or Cancel to exit this wizard 2011 Center for Transportation Research Texas Department of Transportation http www utexas edu research ctr Figure la Running VcostSetup exe After installing CT Vcost run the CT Vcost executable Vcost exe either from the Win dows Start Menu or the CT Vcost folder Figure 1b is a screen shot of CT Vcost start screen CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 1 CTR TXDOT Vehicle Operating Cost Toolkit C Vcost PE n Ig e Select Analysis Type Advanced Options Single and Multi Vehicle Analyses Select vehicle s and alter MSRP annual miles driven Si n e Ve h cl insurance cost maintenance repair cost and other fixed M u Iti Ve h cl Analysis costs View an
46. nalysis however has an additional feature that is unavailable to the other applications This feature allows you to account for different vehicle ages 1 Check the box to the left of the Account for different vehicle ages option 2 Users can specify maximum life for all the vehicles in the fleet as long as the age does not exceed the length of the analysis period 3 Once users have specified the Maximum Vehicle Life the red RE RUN but ton can be clicked to generate new output data see Figure 30 39 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Output 5 Bar Chart E A Fleet Analysis e led Operating Cost 1 000 vehicles 2 different models over 10 Years Show Annual Per Mile Cost MODIFY SCENARIO Fuel Cost Maintenance Nil Insurance Ml Finance Depreciation Account for different vehicle ages Specify Maximum Vehicle Life i e years of use ix c 5 10 10 5 10 00 8 00 u 00 Quick Reference Guide a 00 Show Hide Series Display Settings legends labels etc View Data 5 2 00 188 Maximize Minimi 0 00 ip save chart 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Tip Click on bar chart to view pie distribution Hover on a point to see value Year Line Chart Cummulative Chart Annual Operating Cost 1 000 vehicles 2 different models over 10 Years Cummulative Operating C
47. nance activity of a vehicle Using the Item Name column a maintenance activity can be described and set to either Exact or Range in the Schedule Interval column to determine if the activity occurs at a 14 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual fixed mileage or within a certain mile range Example oil change usually occurs be tween 3 750 miles but tire replacement varies between 40 000 to 80 000 miles depending on the type being purchased Item Name Schedule COST Recurrent Interval Oil Change Exact 0 miles 0 00 Yes Tire Replacement Range 40 000 to 60 000 miles 600 00 Yes Hybrid Battery Replacement Exact 0 miles 0 00 No Scheduled Service 1 Exact 15 000 miles 170 45 Scheduled Service 2 Exact 30 000 miles 376 05 Scheduled Service 3 Exact 45 000 miles 170 45 Scheduled Service 4 Exact 60 000 miles 376 05 Scheduled Service 5 Exact 75 000 miles 175 45 Scheduled Service 6 Exact 90 000 miles 1 475 90 Scheduled Service 7 Exact 120 000 miles 497 05 Scheduled Service 8 Exact 150 000 miles 1 476 95 ist Major Repair Service Range 30 000 60 000 miles 0 00 2nd Major Repair Service Range 60 000 100 000 miles 0 00 3rd Major Repair Service Range 100 000 150 000 miles 0 00 4th Major Repair Service Range 150 000 250 000 miles 0 00 5th Major Repair Service Range 250 000 300 000 miles 0 00 Save and Calculate Figure 9 Vehicle Maintenance Module Maintenance Scheme The difference between the two calculations is that with Exact interv
48. nd Major Repair Service Exact 60 000 miles 0 00 3rd Major Repair Service Exact 100 000 miles 0 00 4th Major Repair Service Exact 150 000 miles 0 00 5th Major Repair Service Exact 250 000 miles 0 00 Figure 11 Tire Replacement between 30 000 and 60 000 miles with Recurrent turned Off and corresponding Annual Maintenance Cost 17 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Pavement Roughness Module Studies have shown that pavement conditions have an effect on a vehicle s fuel con sumption In 2010 Zaabar and Chatti published a paper on the fuel consumption of five different vehicle classes under different operating weather and pavement conditions using a calibrated version of the HDM 4 model The vehicle classes utilized in the study include a medium sized passenger car a SUV a van a light truck and an articulated truck CT Vcost integrates the results of the HDM 4 calibration study into the toolkit by enabling users to specify an annual pavement condition rating for each year of the anal ysis period see Figure 12 Pavement Year d Roughness Quick Reference Guide Yeari Smooth Change in Fuel Consumption 96 HDM 4 Zaaba amp Chatti 2010 Year Smooth Very rem PEN Vehicle Class h Smooth h Rough h Year3 Medium Rough SR C Va 0 00 0 80 16076 240 3 20 96 Year 4 Rough Class8Truck 0 00 070 1 4096 2 10 2 80 Year5 Very Rough CompactCar 0 00 11076 210 3 1076 415 Year6 Very
49. nual Changes in Diesel Prices Index Gas Tax i e to the Consumer Price Index or to the Rate of Inflation Account for Annual Changes in Pavement Roughness Specify Annual Percent Increase 3 50 Specify Annual Pavement Roughness v Index Diesel Tax i e to the Consumer Price Index or to the Rate of Inflation Specify Annual Percent Increase 3 50 96 Plot Graph poy Load Default 5 Figure 6 Scenario Module Base Year This sets the year from which analyses are to be performed This val ue is mainly used by the Fleet Analysis module when accounting for different vehicle ages Analysis Period This value sets the number of years involved in a particular analysis Projections and calculations are made using this value Gasoline Price The user specifies the base gasoline fuel price Using the Ac count for Annual Changes in Gas Prices option users can specify the a percent change in gasoline prices over the analysis period 10 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Diesel Price Similar to the Gasoline Price input users can specify the base diesel fuel price and using the Account for Annual Changes in Diesel Prices option users can input the percent change in diesel prices over the analysis period Gasoline Tax and Diesel Tax Users can specify the current tax rate on a gallon of gasoline or diesel fuel The Index Gas Tax and Index Diesel Tax options are used for projections based on a user specified annual percen
50. nual cost fuel consumption fuel tax etc Use Multi Vehicle Analysis to compare output for multiple vehicles Analysis Fleet Analysis Examine the average operational cost fuel consumed and vehicle miles travelled VMT for a user specified fleet of vehicles Options include specifying fuel price building a fleet from wide selection of light duty and F lys IS heavy duty vehicles specifying the number of vehicles for each vehicle class Fleet Growth and Market Penetration Analysis can also be performed to determine how vehicle counts or models influence items such as fuel consumption and fuel tax Route Cost amp Drive Cycle Analyses Select a fleet of vehicles and specify the routes average speeds road use charges congestion levels and Route Cost pavement roughness along that route Examine the vehicle operational costs fuel consumed and other Ana lys iS items of interests LDV and HDV Drive Cycles Choose any drive cycle of interest select a desired vehicle Light Duty Vehicle and simulate that vehicle over the drive cycle Heavy Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles Drive Cycles Compare multiple configurations simultaneously and examine fuel economy Figure 1b CT Vcost Start Screen Advanced Option for Vehicle Fuel Economy Models In order to be able to build and run the fuel economy prediction models using the Vehi cle Fuel Economy Models users must install the MATLAB Compiler Runtime MCR librar
51. ost for 1 000 vehicles 2 different models over 10 Years 100 00 W 800 00 80 00 80 00 8 E 600 00 60 00 8000 6 E E 5 40 00 4 E 400 00 E 40 00 2000 5 2 5200 00 g 20 0 00 0 0 00 0 00 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Year Year Year Year 20 60 00 80 00 6 p 40 00 gt a 4 2 2000 E 40 00 g 2 g 5200 0 I 0 00 0 00 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2011 2013 2015 2017 2019 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 Year Year Year Year Figure 30 Fleet Analysis Output with Account for Different Vehicle Ages Turned On 40 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Growth Rate and Market Penetration Analysis The Growth Rate and Market Penetration module is an extension of Fleet Analysis module It enables planners to examine how various vehicle models such as hybrids and pure electric vehicles and fleet growth rates may influence fuel tax revenues fuel consumption and carbon emissions over a projected time period The module can be accessed on the Fleet Analysis page by selecting the Projected Fleet Option and clicking on the Specify Growth Rate and or Market Penetration Button see Figure 31 Fleet Type Constant Fleet
52. rious types of analysis as summarized below Single Vehicle Analysis module This module enables users to select a single vehicle and alter parameters such as vehicle value annual mileage driven insurance rates maintenance cost and schedules and other fixed costs Multi Vehicle Analysis module This module is similar to the single vehicle analysis module in that users can alter vehicle parameters similar to that of the Single Vehicle Analysis module In addition users are allowed to select two or more vehicles to make cost comparisons Output such as total operat ing cost fuel consumption and others can be analyzed for multiple vehicle simultaneously Fleet Analysis module This module builds on the single vehicle and multi vehicle analysis by enabling users to perform analysis involving a fleet of ve hicles Users can build fleets from a wide selection of light duty and heavy duty vehicles and specify their compositions and parameters Growth Rate and Market Penetration module This module which forms part of the Fleet Analysis module enables planners to examine how various vehicle types such as hybrids and pure electric vehicles and fleet growth rates may influence fuel tax revenues fuel consumption and carbon emis sions over a projected time period Route Cost Analysis module This module enables users to simulate the cost of moving a vehicle or a fleet of vehicles via a certain routes Multiple route length and charac
53. rm First Year Payment Subsequent Year Payment Annual Other Fixed Cost Average Annual Maintenance Cost 2004 Dodge RAM 1500 15 mpg 21 mpg 19 855 00 15 000 miles year Edit Curve 850 year 4 55 1 500 60 months 20 96 15 96 75 00 744 00 DELETE Figure 23 Multi Vehicle Analysis 2006 Toyota Avalon 22 mpg 31 mpg 26 775 00 15 000 miles year Edit Curve 850 S year 4 55 96 1 500 60 months 20 96 15 96 75 00 622 50 Input Estimated Parameters 2005 Toyota Highlander 2WD 22 mpg 27 mpg 24 280 00 15 000 miles year Edit Curve 850 5 4 55 96 1 500 60 months 20 96 15 96 75 00 622 50 DELETE DELETE Return To Output Page 3 To delete a selected vehicle simply click the red Delete link 33 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual 4 Once vehicles have been selected click the RUN to enter the Output Screen Multi Vehicle Analysis Output Screen The Multi Vehicle outputs are similar to the Single Vehicle outputs except that more than one vehicle is analyzed and multiple vehicle outputs can be compared simultane ously Also bar chart values are not broken down by item e g depreciation fuel etc but rather summed up as the total for each year in the analysis period see Figure 24 Navigation is based mostly on the icons described in the Quick Reference Guide Output Settings Bar Chart Multi Vehicle Analysis e Multi Vehicle Analysis for3
54. s line graphs and pie charts Output data can also be exported as a comma separated value file CSV which can be utilized for other analysis types using spreadsheet software like Microsoft Excel The follow ing sections detail each of the analysis types described above with sample output screens 21 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Single Vehicle Analysis The Single Vehicle Analysis module is the simplest of the CT Vcost applications It ena bles users to select a particular vehicle and alter parameters such as vehicle price MSRP average annual mileage driven insurance premium interest rate APR down payment finance term first year depreciation subsequent years depreciation fixed an nual costs and maintenance costs see Figure 13 Additional vehicle information is dis played on the right hand corner of the screen see Figure 13 This information is used in other aspects of CT Vcost such as the Light Duty Drive Cycle analysis Select Vehicle Specify Vehicle Parameters Additional Vehicle Information Available Vehicles 5377 Change Scenario Class CompactCar Transmission A Filter Search New Vehicle Price 16 090 00 Displacement 1 Filter by Class Average Annual Miles Driven 15 000 miles year Axle Ratio 1 ae Target Coeffecient A 3 5714 Filter by Make Target Coeffecient B 37 0448 Target Coeffecient C 0 3401 Insurance Premium 850 year Filter by Model Intere
55. s the cost values from annual totals to cost per mile values based on the total miles predicted annually Users can view the output values in the form of graphs and charts see Figure 16 The easiest way to become familiar with the legends above each graph is to look over the Quick Reference Guide Clicking the button returns the user to the most recently visited analysis page and MODIFY SCENARIO the Modify Scenario button the user to the Scenario Module The Re Run button RE RUN as the name implies reruns the analysis after changes have been made in the Scenario Module Output Settings Single Vehicle Analysis 9 Show Annual Per Mile Cost MODIFY SCENARIO Account for different vehicle ages Quick Reference Guide Show Hide Series Display Settings legends labels etc View Data tei Save Chart amp B Maximize Minimize Tip Hover on a point to see value Tip Click on bar chart to view pie distribution Tip Use Display Settings icon to show legend 4 Line Chart TEEL 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Annual Operating Costfor 10 Years 1999 20 2 15 5 E g 10 510 000 0 T T T T T T T T 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2 10 00 8 00 J a 6 00 5 0 00 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2001 200
56. sers to select from more than 5000 default vehicles Vehicles can be selected either by using the Filter or Search options 1 Filter This option allows users to navigate to a specific vehicle using characteristics such as vehicle class vehicle make and vehicle model 22 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual a Begin by clicking the arrow to the right of the Filter by Class drop down Se lect a vehicle class from the drop down menu Once a class is selected from the drop down menu the large window with the vehicle list will immediately display only the vehicles in the selected class will be shown see Figure 14 b Use Filter by Make and Filter by Model drop downs to decrease the number of available options in the check list box Figure 14 Filter Option Showing Available Vehicle Classes the search tab and enter a vehicle make model or year into the search bar as shown in Figure 15 Pontiac 2000 Once a search description is entered into the text box CT Vcost will generate all vehicle names in the window below the search bar that Filter Search Filter by Class SET uisa All Vehicles Filter by Make CargoVan Class8Truck Filter by Model CompactCar LargeCar MidsizeCar 2000 Chevrolet C15 Minivan 2000 Chevrolet C25 SmallPickup 2000 Chevrolet K15 SpecialPurpose 2000 Dodge Dakota StandardPickup 2000 Dodge RAM 1 StationWagon 2000 Ford F150 Pich voSeater 2000 Ford Lighting Pickup 2000 Ford Ranger FFV 2000 Ford
57. st Rate APR 4 55 2000 Pontiac FIREBIRD TRANS AM Quick Reference Guide 2000 Pontiac Grand AM Down Payment 1 500 00 1 Select a vehicle using either the Filter option or the Search option 7 2000 Pontiac Grand Prix 7 2000 Pontiac Montana FWD Finance Term 60 months 2 The selected vehicle s default values are automatically shown in the Specify 2000 Pontiac Sunfire Vehicle Parameters textboxes 7 2000 Porsche 911 Carrera First Year Depreciation 20 E 3 Make the desired changes to the 2000 Porsche Boxster Sub Y D tation 115 values including the Scenario 7 2000 Porsche Boxster 5 ubsequent Years Depreciation Utilization Curve and the E 2000 Qvale Detomaso Mangusta 2000 R R Mtr Cars Ltd RR Corniche Other Fixed Annual Cost 75 00 4 Hit the Run button and that s it e g registration inspection fees 2000 Saab 93 W Use Default Maintenance Cost Utilization Curve allows users to Custom Vehicles J Select This Vehicle specify the average mileage driven by the vehicle each year using the Average Annual Maintenance Cost Average Annual Miles Driven as the base value and specifying 2000 Average Per Mile Cost 0 048 Edit Default appropriate factors relative to the 8 eee Average Annual Miles Driven Pontiac Grand AM 22 30 mpg city hwy ETE Figure 13 Single Vehicle Analysis Example Selecting a Vehicle The CT Vcost database enables u
58. stribution chart similar to the other applications 51 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Distinct from the other applications the Line Chart group box shows bar chart data of per mile fuel cost fuel consumption carbon footprint and total travel time for each specified route The Cummulative Chart group box also shows output for total route cost total fuel tax total fuel consumption and total carbon footprint for each specified route 52 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycle Analysis The Light Duty Vehicle LDV Drive Cycle analysis module is an integration of UT s LDV Fuel Economy Model UT_LDV into CT Vcost Users are provided the option of building vehicle input data which feeds into the UT LDVFEM model see Figure 38 Select Vehicle Specify Vehicle Parameters Available Vehicles 5377 Weight Ibs 4250 Number of Filter Search Payload Ibs 0 S e ecte d Rated Engine Power 140 HP 5500 RPM Filter by Class gt Drive Cycles Engine Displacement liters 2 4 Filter by Make Tire Size 195 60 15 Filter by Model Coastdown Coefficients B amp C 41 92 0 3966 0 017745 Q Transmission Type Automatic Default 7 2004 Isuzu Rodeo 4WD Drive Layout FWD 2004 Jaguar Stype 3 0 1 2004 Jaguar Stype 4 2 Transmission Gear Ratios 2 81 1 49 1 00 Quick Reference Guide 2004 Jaguar Stype 1 Select vehicle 0 73 0 0 2 Specify Vehicle Parameters 2004 Jaguar
59. tage increase Percent City Mileage This is used in calculating the combined fuel economy of vehicles Combined fuel economy is used in determining fuel consumption when performing Single Multi Vehicle and Fleet Analyses Account for Time Value of Money This option enables users to capture any changes in the value of money over the analysis period It uses the Present Value formula FV PVx 1 i where Present Value PV is the value at time 0 Future Value FV is the value at time n 7 is the interest rate at which the amount will be compounded each period and n is the number of years For further details on how Future Value calcula tions are incorporated in CT Vcost see Final Report of this study Account for Annual Changes in Pavement Roughness This option utilizes fuel consumption percentage increases due to the effect of pavement roughness as reported by Zaabar and Chatti 2010 using the calibrated Highway Develop ment and Management Software HDM 4 When this option is selected the Specify Annual Pavement Roughness button is displayed and users can click on it to access the Pavement Roughness Module see section on the Pavement Roughness Module for further details Imen Zaabar and Karim Chatti 2010 Calibration of HDM 4 models for Estimating the Effect of Pavement Roughness on Fuel Consumptions for US Conditions Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transporta tion Research Board No 2155 Washington D
60. teristics such as speed congestion level driver costs etc can be defined by the user and the vehicle operating cost via each route is calculated and presented for comparison 20 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Light Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles module This module integrates the Light Duty Fuel Economy model developed as part of this study into CT Vcost The module enables users to choose a drive cycle of interest select a desired vehicle and simulate that vehicle over the drive cycle In addition users are able to compare multiple vehicles and drive cycle configurations simultane ously and examine the vehicle s fuel economy over a selected section or range of the entire drive cycle Heavy Duty Vehicle Drive Cycles module Similar to its light duty counter part the Heavy Duty Vehicle HDV Drive Cycles module integrates the Heavy Duty Fuel Economy model also developed as part of this study into CT Vcost The module comes with fifty four default drive cycles involving three engine types three roadway conditions three vehicle weights and two drivers In addition users can build custom HDV drive cycles by varying the vehicle weights Multiple drive cycles can be compared simultaneously and a vehicle s fuel economy for a selected drive cycle range can also be examined by the section or range of the entire drive cycle Depending on the analysis type selected by the user CT Vcost generates outputs in various formats such as bar graph
61. the route characteristics by first clicking the Add Condition button e Edit characteristics of the route such as Distance and Speed by clicking on the text boxes and entering the information f Select a Traffic condition from the Specify Condition drop down list Avail able conditions include Congested Free flow and Moderate see Figure 38 g Click on the Add Condition button again to add another route character istic Use the Remove Condition button to remove a route characteristic h When done specifying all route characteristics click the Save button Edit Route Information 130 Remove Condition ID Specify Specify Travel Speed Travel Road Distance Condition mph Time hrs Use Fee E SectionID 1 i n a 0 FreeFlow Congested Moderate Save Figure 38 Specifying Route Characteristics i Add multiple routes by following steps a through h 47 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual j The Route Builder also provides users with an additional option of speci fying vehicle delay cost on an hourly or per mile basis see Figure 39 Check the appropriate box and specify an hourly or per mile cost value in their correspond ing text boxes Account for Driver and Delay Cost Specify Hourly Delay Cost 0 00 7 Specify Per Mile Driver Cost 50 404 Figure 39 Accounting for Driver and Delay Cost k Check on the Estimate MPG based on Optimal Speed checkbox to account for a slightly more accurate depiction o
62. to show legend Figure 5 Output Page Quick Reference Guide CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual SHARED MODULES Shared modules are modules utilized by more than one analysis type They are accessi ble to users when performing certain types of analysis The shared modules in CT Vcost are the Scenario Module the Vehicle Utilization Module and the Vehicle Maintenance Module Scenario Module The Scenario Module enables users to input general parameters which influence vehicle operating costs but are not specific to any given vehicle see Figure 6 All the parame ters have default values however users can modify these values based on their specific needs Parameters that can be altered include CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Input Scenario Base Year 2011 Analysis Period 10 years Gasoline Price 3 59 per gallon Diesel Price 3 92 per gallon Gasoline Tax 0 18 per gallon Diesel Tax 0 24 per gallon Percent City Mileage 55 00 45 Highway 4 Account for Annual Changes in Gas Prices V Account for Time Value of Money Specify Annual Percent Increase 5 75 96 Plot Graph Specify Interest Rate 1 20 96 The time value of money is the value of money figuring in a given amount of interest earned over a given amount of time In this model the present value formula is used For example the present value of Specify Annual Percent Increase 5 75 96 Plot Graph 100 one year from now at 536 interest rate is 95 24 Account for An
63. ton takes the user to the Scenario Module See the Scenario Module section for further instructions on this module 35 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Select Fleet Vehicles 1 Click the Select Fleet Vehicle button to begin selecting vehicles for the fleet 2 Select vehicles using either the Filter or Search options described in the Single Vehicle Analysis It is possible to check multiple vehicles as well see Fig ure 20 3 Once the desired vehicles are checked click the Add Vehicles button to select them for analysis 4 It is also possible to navigate between Light and Heavy Duty Vehicles by clicking on their respective tabs see Figure 26 5 Once all the vehicles have been selected click the Save button and move on to the Specify Fleet Composition sub module Select Fleet Vehicles Light Duty Vehicles Heavy Duty Vehicles Vehicle Finder Selected Vehicles Filter Search 2003 Mercedes Benz S430 4MATIC 16 22 mpg city hwy 2007 Audi A8 L 18 25 mpg city hwy ral aita 2006 Mercedes Benz Maybach 62 12 17 mpg city hwy Filter by Make 2006 Jaguar XIR 17 24 mpg city hwy 4 2006 Infiniti 35 17 24 mpg city hwy Filter by Model gt 2006 Mercedes Benz 5600 a 2006 Mercedes Benz S65 AMG 2006 Toyota Avalon 2006 United States Avg Passenger Car Fuel Eff 2006 Volkswagen Phaeton 2007 Alpina BMW Alpina 1 2007 Audi L 2007 Bentley Arnage LWB E Custom Vehicles J Add Vehicles Figure 26 Select Fle
64. ult 100 00 FWD 2 81 1 49 1 00 0 73 8000 3 34 g 60 00 5 40 00 4 3100 mpg 5 20 00 a 0 00 Show Real time Simu 0 100 200 300 400 Examine Drive Cycle MPG Model slower but lo Time secs Note View MPG Speed Curve before adding data to file Select Desired Drive Cycle View MPG Mitte TestingSpeedCycles Y vs Speed Curve MPGSpeedCurves csv Examine Drive Cycle Range Selector 4 Interval secs 4 63 m pg ai 0 423 gals Specify Drive Cycle Range 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 454 Specified Range 120 320 Figure 42 Examine Drive Cycle MPG Viewing and Saving MPG vs Drive Cycle View MPG 1 Click on the View MPG vs Speed Curve button MEGSE A graph show ing the MPG Vehicle Speed and MPG Desired speed is shown see Figure 43 This data can be utilized in the Route Cost Analysis module Click on the View Data button to further examine the raw data 58 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual oma Miles per gallon vs Speed for TestingSpeedCycles Chart Data Grid MPG Vehicle Speed TestingSpeedCycles MPG Desired Speed TestingSpeedCycles x Speed Vehicle Desired o Speed Speed my EUR s 4 8 00 1 5 47 3 65 2 6 68 4 63 3 8 95 6 43 E 6 00 4 8 08 7 85 E 5 8 54 8 21 2 6 8 09 8 85 nn y aN 7 8 91 8 63 8 8 51 8 29 9 7 99 7 96 10 7 51 7 62 2 00 11 7 03 7 50 12 6 67 7 45 13 6 43 7 45
65. value A default value of 15 is provided and users can alter this value Other Fixed Annual Cost These costs include annual registration and inspection fees CT Vcost is calibrated for Texas conditions by default therefore fixed cost is the sum of the annual registration fee of 64 258 and the annual vehicle inspec tion fee is 28 75 for passenger vehicles and light trucks For heavy trucks a de fault value of 2 300 is used Maintenance Cost A detailed default maintenance schedule is given for each ve hicle If you wish to alter the maintenance cost uncheck the box next to Use De fault Maintenance Cost and click the Edit Default button see the Vehicle Mainte nance Module to view instructions on editing maintenance cost Running the Single Vehicle Analysis Once the selected vehicle s specifications are complete click the Run button ENTM on the bottom of the scree which takes you to the Output Screen Travis County Passenger Vehicles and Light Trucks 50 75 registration 13 50 local fees beginning August 2011 http www traviscountytax org goVehiclesRegistration do Travis and Williamson County Emission Fees OOBDII TSI http www txdps state tx us vi misc fag insp faq htm 25 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Output Screen Navigating the output screen is very important All cost values will be represented as annual costs and this can be altered by checking the Show Annual Per Mile Cost box This feature change
66. vehicles Total Cost E Show Annual Per Mile Cost Account for different vehicle ages 16 000 00 8 14 000 00 12 000 00 10 000 00 8 000 00 Quick Reference Guide 96 000 00 4 000 00 e Show Hide Series Display Settings legends labels etc View Data 5 2 000 00 tei Save Chart amp B Maximize Minimize Tip Hover on a point to see value 0 00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Tip Use Display Settings icon to show legend V i Line Chart Cumulative Chart E Ds e Multi Vehicle Analysis for 3 vehicles Multi Vehicle Analysis for 3 vehicles 520000 20 000 000 150 00 gt 120 000 510000 T 10000 E 50 00 S 10 000 3 80000 00 5 000 5 Em 5 A 0 2 4 6 8 35 0 1 3 5 7 9 012 34 5678 9 12 3451578383 01234567 8 9 Year Year Year Year Fuel wb as 8888 o 8888 Annual SESS f Cumula bens ESEESE 28888888 Cumul 88888 Year Year Year Year Figure 24 Multi Vehicle Analysis Output Screen 34 CT Vcost 2 0 User Manual Fleet Analysis The Fleet Analysis module enables users to examine the average operating cost for a fleet of vehicles Users can build a fleet of vehicles from a wide selection of light and heavy duty vehicles specify the number of vehicles for each class or model and modi fy vehicle parameters similar to that of Single Vehicle and Multi Vehicle An

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