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COPRA® RF 2011 - DataM Software GmbH

1. Fig 30 Dialogue for creating a new revision The specifications for the new revisions can be entered via the dialogue above The title bar shows the name of the document in the lines below the New Revision Number and a revision description for the current document may be entered The reason for the changes as well as the revision number is available to update the title block information if the document is an AutoCAD drawing Marking the check box Save old Revision means that the last version of the document before the modification should also be saved This allows building a complete document history with a documentation of all changes applied After definition of these parameters the document is opened without write protection When the changes are done the document may be saved using the Save but ton of the respective application To again allow other users to access the docu ment the workflow status needs to be changed again It has to be set back to Re leased when all changes have been applied 5 1 6 The command Edit This command allows modifying a document without creating a new revision see the description of the command above There is a setting to force users to create a new revision also when using the Edit command refer to 4 2 12 2 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 77 COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 7 The command Title Block Th
2. Material Shows the coil material used for the highlighted project Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 3 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar 1 3 The Base Functions toolbar L L Base Functions iE e G S w aaao aE Function Lists all basic functions of COPRA See the following descriptions 1 3 2 Settings C L Function Change the default settings of COPRA Language englshiGB View Automatic zoom Automatic redraw Fade out plane of unfolding Fade in prev section Fade in next section Pass and Roll Numbers Rolls information Dimensioning Profile options COPRA Tools COPRA Paths Technologie COPRA Options tools with bore and stamping groove Contours as pohdines lear only COPRA layers when updating screen E Clear also COPRA help layers when updating screen Clear all XRefs when updating screen Automatic redraw when changing project show crimp claw ox J Abechen 2 Language The desired language can be selected in the list box Languages are connected with the unit mm except English US which is connected with the unit inch 4 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar Centre of Profile Displays the section s centre line Split Lines in Profile If toggle is set split lines between arcs and lines will be shown Automatic Zoom lf selected a ZOOM EXTENT
3. 7 1 4 The button Delete The currently loaded catalogue will be closed when using this button 7 1 5 The button Save With this button a catalogue may be saved in order to reload it later with the same specification After clicking this button a dialogue will open for defining a path as well as a file name under which the catalogue will be saved as cfc File This enables the user to store catalogues of frequently used documents e g standard parts etc which may not be assigned to the current project 7 1 6 The button Load The catalogues being saved as described above may be loaded with this function 84 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Retrieve Functions COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 General Overview COPRA RF SpreadSheet allows a quick and simple design of the flower pattern in a spreadsheet Necessar ry modifications can be performed very efficiently for multiple stations as COPRA RF SpreadSheet supplies full associatively between the individual stations Any modification in the final section or a station can be eas ily done The complete flower will be updated automatically it is not necessary to adapt each single pass This covers e g the automatic adaptation of the bend angles in the flower if one station was modified The calibrating method can easily be changed over multiple stations sizing or calibrating additions can be defined also for open sectio
4. Del Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 115 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Define Section Folding Point 5 Define Section Folding Point lt is possible to define a section folding point for each individual pass The section folding point splits a section in two parts During the unfolding of an entity the part being closer to the section folding point inside is fixed the part being more dis tant outside will be transformed Each individual pass may be assigned a dedicated section folding point Usually the section folding point is only defined in the final section base profile and stays constant in the rest of the flower As long as no dedicated section folding point is defined in a new pass the one of the previous pass will automatically be used The definition of the section folding point is available by picking the symbol in the 3 row of the table For the definition of the section folding point the following options are available e Number of the entity lying in the section folding point e Vertical position of the section folding point top centre bottom e Horizontal position of the section folding point start centre end user defined In addition a fix rotation can be predefined for the following passes Either the sec tion folding point of a pass and thus the whole section is rotated around a defined angle or the section is rotated in a way that a predefined entity will be rotated in a horiz
5. line called Pro file This can be done Double clicking in the desired cell of the base profile part of the Spread Sheet View the orange edit box appears entering a value and committing the value with RETURN By navigating to the desired cell in the SpreadSheet View with the arrow keys and pressing the space bar the orange edit box appears entering a value and committing the value with RETURN 4 Rotate Base Profile The final section can be rotated into any position The rotation can be defined by entering an angle relative to the current position or by specification of an entity that should be in a horizontal position after the rotation Available ge in the context menu of the top left corner profile in the toolbar 5 Reverse Profile Direction This command reverses the direction of the final section It only can be executed for final sections which are not mirrored rowed and do not have any unfolding data Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile in the toolbar Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 93 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Mirror Row Flower Mirror Row Flower The final section can be mirrored at the beginning or at the end It is also possible to create a predefined number of copies at the beginning and at the end of the base profile as a row If the option Release mirror row is set the command Re lease Mirror Row s
6. All continuing lf your stations should be numbered continuously select the button next to All con tinuing The resp stations separated lf you would like to have a separate numbering for each station type enable the checkbox The resp stations separated please This means that the station types will have an own numbering within their group e g Turk head 1 Turk head 2 and so on X Please refer to the in following explained point Rollnumbering too You have got the possibility to create individual roll numbers Idlerstations Enable the toggle Idlerstations if you would like to have a separate numbering for the intermediate stations in addition to All continuing or The resp stations separated In this case the idler stations will be as such identifiable and their numbering will eg be 1 2 Attach stationtype to profilenumber Enable the toggle Attach stationtype to profilenumber in order to make the sta tion type always visible Thereby the chosen station type eg calibration idler sta tion will be attached to the profile number when updating screen Roll information Here you can enter which and how you want to see the roll information in the roll Roll view It is possible to see the rolls in the full sectional few to see collisions with other rolls or accessory rolls For that go via COPRA Settings Roll view Here you can set for every axis if the roll should be drawn in the full sectional few Roll
7. Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 121 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Change Material Thickness 8 Change Material Thickness LJ With the command Change Thickness the strip thickness of the final section can be modified For the modification of the strip thickness the following options are available e Inside radius constant e To the upper side To the lower side lf the option To the upper side or To the lower side was selected the new strip thickness may not cause a negative inside radius The command can be called via the menu Profile the contextmenu of the cells Sheet thickness Unit Profile Stripwidth the toolbar Profile 9 Replace Calibration Method Calling this command shows the dialogue Replace Calibration Method With the settings in this dialogue it is possible to replace calibration methods over the com plete flower There are the options to replace the methods a only in the baseprofile b in the base profile and in the flower until the first user defined setting c in the complete flower You can define if a all methods should be replaced or b only a specific one lt is also possible to set the new method as the template method And a new method can be defined 122 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Replace Stripwidthcalculation 10 Replace Stripwidthcalculation Ca
8. Function Create 3 dimensional model of the current flat pattern of the final profile This icon is used to create the 3 dimensional model of the flat strip of the final pro file Just after creating the polyline contour on the flat pattern or modifying the ex isting punch holes this icon can be used to create a 3 dimensional model of the current flat pattern 4 2 2 Delete 3D flat pattern model id Function Remove 3 dimensional model of the profile This icon is used to delete the 3 dimensional pattern of the profile from the draw ing Just after selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the confirmation of the dele tion of the 3D model Confirming the window with Yes removes the 3 dimensional model 4 2 3 Section as 3D flat pattern model Function Create 3 dimensional model of the current station This icon is used to generate the 3 dimensional model of the profile of a particular Station selected in the CADFinder Navigate to the required station in the CAD Finder and selecting this icon creates the 3 dimensional pattern of the profile of the current station Using this option requires the 2 dimensional flat pattern 4 2 4 3D Flower i Function Create 3 dimensional view of the flower This icon is used to create the 3 dimensional view of the flower with the design of the punch holes in the profile After selecting this icon COPRA shows a hint that unsaved changes in the flower will be lost After confirming the win
9. In the row Numbers the number of rows of punch holes required in the X and Y direction are input in the spaces provided adjacent to the options X and Y are in put Similarly in the row Distance the distance between the punch holes in the direc tion X and Y are input in the spaces provided adjacent to the options X and Y 4 3 2 Create custom holes 4u Function To save the customised punch hole contours into COPRA To the present standard types of punch holes in COPRA customised contours can be added Each contour is created as 2 dimensional polyline in AutoCAD and then can be saved into COPRA The icon is used just after the polyline creation of the 2 dimensional punch holes After selecting this icon the window define tool type appears on the screen define tool type Tool name The 2 dimensional contour of the punch hole can be given a name Tool group The 2 dimensional contours of punch holes can be added into an existing tool group or a new tool group can be created Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 151 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes New group A new group in which the 2 dimensional contour of the punch hole is to be saved can be created by using this option The window Name for Database appears on the screen By input of the group name and confirmation of the window with OK the tool group is created 4 3 3 UCS Face te Function To select a face of the 3
10. _a a S U K 360 opening angle a in degrees Ab Depending on the specific inner radius R inner radius material thickness the calculation is subdivided into several process parts which deliver different values for the correction factor K 5 0 gt R gt 0 05 K 0 65 0 5 log R This division allows covering all possibilities of an arc element regarding bending radius and opening angle relevant in practical life Thus the total of all calculated Db values has to be subtracted from the unfolding of the finished profile in order to define the coil stock width Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 45 Strip Width Algorithm according to Proksa 2 Algorithm according to Proksa In order to allow for an overall application the calculation according to Proksa is subdivided into three calculation parts which are chosen and dependent on the specific inner radius R inner radius material thickness The lengthening Ab which occurs in the zone of deformation due to the bending process is calculated respectively ie R gt 5 2 5 0 gt R gt 0 1 A Ab A60 T Sa 0 12 impossible after def of R The division method shown in the second line is based on calculation rules de veloped by Proksa In this formula the specific material thickness S current material thickness initial material thickness is used Proksa uses a differential equation to calculate the specific sheet thickness S and for the modificat
11. 4 1 The COPRA RF CADFinder Root Directory Click the right mouse button on ES CadFinderDB and select Miscellaneous under which the command Set Root Directory will be present A dialogue box opens in which the root directory may be defined Modify CadFinder Paths Old Path D Projects 20114 New Path Change Root Directory C Change Subproject Paths C Change Revision Paths Fig 24 Dialogue to define the project root directory The dialogue shows the old path of the COPRA RF CADFinder root directory You may change the root directory using the button on the right side next to the new path Also the subproject paths and the document Revision paths can be changed The root directory specifies the path where the COPRA RF CADFinder files will be saved to later all subdirectories for the individual projects will be created under this path This path will be used as standard setting but sin gle projects may be saved to directories being different to the standard path also on different drives If multiple users are working with COPRA RF CADFinder on a network it is very important to pay attention that all users are using the same Windows disk drive letter The root directory is identical for all users if it is changed by a single user this will affect all other users Changing the root directory is usually not necessary in the daily work and should be applied with highest care The checkmarks for Cha
12. 81 6 1 6 The button Comment 81 7 Retrieve Functions 82 7 1 Working with COPRA RF CADFinder Search Function 82 7 1 2 The button New Search 83 7 1 3 The button Add Search 84 7 1 4 The button Delete 84 7 1 5 The button Save 84 7 1 6 The button Load 84 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 85 General Overview 85 How to Use this Manual 85 Display 86 1 SpreadSheet View 86 1 1 Table lines and columns 86 1 1 2 Line 1 86 1 1 3 Line 2 86 1 1 4 Line 3 86 1 1 5 The following lines 86 1 2 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Dialog 87 1 2 2 Abbreviations 87 1 2 3 Background colors 87 1 2 4 Colors for focus and selection 87 1 2 5 Font colors 87 1 2 6 Fonts 87 1 2 7 Miscellaneous 87 IV Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 1 2 8 Prefixes 1 2 9 Tooltips 1 2 10 Visibility 1 2 11 XML 1 3 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Toolbar 1 3 2 Split Vertical 1 4 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Context Menu 1 4 2 Optimal column width 2 Element Compact View 3 4 2 1 Title row 2 2 Button row 2 3 Entity and Modification Data 2 4 Calibration Method 2 5 Spring Back 2 6 Strip Width Calculation Window arrangement in COPRA RF SpreadSheet Zero Entities Table View Export Undo Redo Create Edit Final Section Base Profile CON OFF fF W PD Insert Entity 1 1 Entity Type 1 1 2 Entity Data 1 1 3 Position 1 2 App
13. The following calibration methods are available e Constant Radius e Constant Length of Neutral Line e Track Holding Inside e Track Holding Outside e Angle Radius lf the method Constant Radius or Angle Radius is selected the length compen sation needs to be defined e Entity e Neighbour entity lf Entity was selected the Entity No for the length compensation needs to be de fined lf Neighbour Entities was selected the values for the length compensation In side Outside and Centre need to be defined 3 Open Template Select File gt Templates from the main menu The Templates dialogue appears By clicking on the Open button an existing template file can be se lected and will be opened by a click on the OK button Now it is possible to change save and or apply it 4 Show current template Select File gt Templates from the main menu The Templates dialogue appears By clicking the button Show current template the template of the cur rently active document will be shown in the dialogue Now it is possible to change save and or apply it 5 Apply shown template Select File gt Templates from the main menu The Templates dialogue appears By clicking the button Apply shown template the settings shown in the dialogue will be applied as template to the currently active document Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 111 COPRA RF Spre
14. The length compensation pieces can be taken from the inner or the outer leg The length compensation pieces may be positive or nega tive depending on the modification If e g the angle is not modified and the radius increases they will be negative If the radius decreases they will be positive The adjacent entities increase or decrease respectively The default distribution of the length compensation pieces is 50 to the outer leg and 50 to the inner leg The inner leg is the leg which is closer to the section forming point The length com pensation pieces can also be positioned in the middle of a bend Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro less restrictions than the above described methods angle as well as radius can be varied Con the length of the neutral line has to be recalculated This may give rise to little deviations within the flower Pre requisite is that the cal culated strip width remains constant Restrictions length compensation pieces cannot be taken from adjacent entities if these are bends Characteristics of the Angle Radius Method 34 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Calibration method Add Material Sizing Addition Inner radius variable Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 5 Add Material Sizing Addition Often a profile needs to be calibrated at the end of its forming The therefore needed sizing addition may be entered here A
15. the sheet name In the list below the project attributes to be retrieved for may be defined The button Details allows to fade in and out the right side of the dialogue On the right side a tree view including the project structure is visible If a project is chosen here the retrieval will only be done in this project if nothing or the base element is selected CADFinderDB the retrieval will go through all projects The toggle below the structure view defines if the retrieval shall be done only in the specified project or also in the subprojects Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 83 COPRA RF CADFinder Retrieve Functions The search may be limited to documents created by a specific user by selecting one in the list box Created by The dialogue will be closed after confirmation with the Find button The retrieval result will be shown in the retrieval catalogue index card with the previously de fined name Important Please be aware that all given retrieval criteria are linked with AND so only documents which really fulfil all criteria will be found and displayed If a search gives no result it is advisable to search with fewer criteria to achieve a re Sult 7 1 3 The button Add Search Via a new defined search further documents may be added to the current cata logue The previously described dialogue will come up The search result will be added to the already existing catalogue
16. 13 The command Miscellaneous 4 2 13 1 The command Spread sheet templates 4 2 13 2 The command CadFinder options 4 2 13 3 The command Database options 4 2 13 4 The command Set root directory 4 2 14 The command Properties 5 Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 Working with documents in COPRA RF CADFinder Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 43 46 50 50 53 55 56 56 56 57 Table of Contents 5 1 2 The command New 15 5 1 3 The command Document 75 5 1 3 1 The submenu Open 75 5 1 3 2 The submenu Delete 75 5 1 3 3 The submenu Remove 76 5 1 3 4 The submenu Print 76 5 1 3 5 The submenu Revisions 76 5 1 3 6 The submenu Comment 76 5 1 4 The submenu Workflow 76 5 1 4 1 The submenu Project linked 76 5 1 5 The command New Revision 77 5 1 6 The command Edit T7 5 1 7 The command Title Block 78 5 1 8 The menu item Copy 78 5 1 9 The menu item Paste 78 5 1 10 The menu item Link to file 78 5 1 10 The menu item CADFinder Link 79 5 1 11 The menu item dwg Preview 79 5 2 Drag amp Drop Functionality in the Document View 79 6 Revisions in COPRA RF CADFinder 80 6 1 Working with the Revision Management in COPRA RF CADFinder 80 6 1 2 The button Set Current 81 6 1 3 The button Copy 81 6 1 4 The button Open 81 6 1 5 The button Delete
17. 2 2 3 Show Radius 106 1 2 2 4 Show Angle 106 1 2 2 5 Show Length 106 1 2 3 Labels 106 1 2 4 Colours and Prefixes 106 1 3 Hide Columns 107 1 4 Show Columns 107 1 5 Hide Rows 107 1 6 Show Rows 107 2 Preview 108 2 1 Zoom Limit 108 2 2 Show Flower 108 VI Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 2 3 Show Previous Station 2 4 Show Next Station 2 5 Show Profile 2 6 Show Unfolding Plane 2 7 Show Gravity Center 3 Flower Sequence 4 Modification data 5 Project data Templates 1 Select directory 2 Create a new Template 2 1 Define strip width calculation 2 2 Define calibration method 3 Open Template 4 Show current template 5 Apply shown template Create Final Section 1 Create a new Document 2 Create Base Entity 3 Add additional Entities 3 1 Entity Type 3 1 2 Entity Data 3 1 3 Position 3 1 4 Apply Close Create Flower 1 Create modification data for entities 2 Copy and paste modification data 3 Change modification data of an entity 3 1 Button Flower is up to date or Update Flower 3 2 Button Reset 3 3 Values 3 4 Calibration method 3 5 Strip width calculation 4 Delete modification data of an entity 5 Define Section Folding Point 6 Delete Section Folding Plane 7 Delete Entity Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Vil Table of Contents 8 Split entity 9 Edit entity splitting 10 Remove
18. 3 2 Views LLI Function Create 2 views This icon is used to generate 2 views in the current drawing By default COPRA generates the top and the isometric view 4 5 4 3 Views an Function Create 3 views This icon is used to generate 3 views in the current drawing By selecting this icon the top isometric and front view are created 154 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 4 5 5 4 Views Function Create 4 views This icon is used to generate 4 in the current drawing By selecting this icon the top isometric front and left side views are created 4 5 6 Iso View a Function Create isometric view This icon is used to generate an isometric view in the current view 4 6 The icon Regen A Function Regenerate the model This icon is similar to the option Regen All This icon can be used to regenerate the 2 dimensional flat pattern 3 dimensional model of the final profile Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 155 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Statics 5 Statics Roll formed sections have got outstanding characteristics in ruggedness and stiff ness which predisposes them to carry loads or to build a framework Therefore the section characteristics or properties are to be calculated thoroughly They are the base for beam calculations supplying results like deflection carrying capacity and others Sections calcula
19. 3 2 COPRA Paste 3 3 COPRA DB Undo 3 4 COPRA DB Redo 3 5 COPRA Redraw 3 6 Entity Information 3 7 COPRA 4 Convert Database 4 1 Action 4 2 Reference 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 General Functions 1 Shortcuts 2 Entity Selection 3 COPRA Memory 3 1 COPRA Database Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 3 2 Computer RAM 23 3 3 Archive Files 24 COPRA RF 3D Mode 26 General Information 26 1 How to start 3D Mode 27 2 How to leave the 3D mode go back to 2D mode 29 3 3D Settings 29 1 1 Profile excess length 30 1 2 Profile loft mode 30 1 2 2 NoNormal 30 1 2 3 FirstNormal 30 1 2 4 LastNormal 30 1 2 5 EndsNormal 30 1 2 6 AllNormal 30 1 3 Profile UCS UserCoordinateSystem 31 1 4 Rolls Roll mode 31 1 5 Rolls Rotation angle 31 1 6 Surftab surftab1 31 1 7 Surftab surftab2 31 2 Navigation 32 2 1 Classic project 32 2 2 Parametric project 32 Calibration method 33 1 Constant Radius Method 33 2 Constant Length of Neutral Line Method 33 3 Track Holding Inside Outside Method 34 4 Angle Radius Method 34 5 Add Material Sizing Addition 35 Strip Width 36 Bending 36 Profiling Roll forming to Shape 40 Calculation of Neutral Line 40 1 Introduction 40 2 General Observations 41 Available Methods in COPRA 43 i Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 1 Calculatio
20. 5 steps provided that the data was not saved beforehand 3 5 COPRA Redraw mi Function Redraw drawing 3 6 Entity Information Function Opens a dialogue box with the entity data of a previously selected entity All data associated with an entity can be checked and loaded in a dialogue box The roll data can be displayed on screen with function key F2 Test Window 3 7 COPRA m i Function Opens the Online Help The language depends on what was selected under Settings lf selected the Online Help will be loaded The language thereby depends on what was set under Settings 18 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools Convert Database 4 Convert Database Function Modify elements of construction It can additionally convert axes or rolls for example via a dialogue box Current Shows the actual pass Existing Profiles Provides information about the existing number of profiles Axes Displays the number of axes Selection This opens the Selection of Stations dialogue box The number of existing pro files and axes is displayed By Max select the selection of single multiple or all passes for a defined number of stations are possible Tool By Tool it is possible to choose between top bottom left or right roll Later the selection will be modified Objects By activating this toggle the profile will be modified later Tool Axes and rolls can be ena
21. JG AK vos 1 1 1 Create Sections or add Entities m Function New sections or entities can be added to the existing end of the section After selection a dialogue box with the respective section macros is opened Next Jumps to the next page with section macros Previous Jumps to the previous selection After selecting a section a dialogue box is opened Here the section s dimensions can be entered with the help of parameters OK and new Entity Allows adding another entity to the end of the profile As a section is existing an additional page with macros is provided OK and Section Creates the selected section When recalling the function another entity can be added to the end of the section i e at the right end At the highest entity number COPRA numbers the entities from left to right 130 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF 1 1 2 Add Entities to the Beginning L Function New entities can be added to the beginning of the section If selected the same dialogue boxes as with the previous command are available The new entities will be automatically added to entity number 1 COPRA numbers the entities from left to right 1 1 3 Mirror Profile l Lid Function Mirrors a section This is a useful function for symmetrical sections All entities will be mirrored The mirror line is the material thickness displayed at e
22. a Project file only the last design situation is being saved The Project file is only an additional option to save the design data When exiting the modules Profile Flower or Rolls the Project file can be updated by crossing the respective toggle 1 3 9 Reload current Project Function Load the design data from the Project file into the current project The content of the latest saved Project file is loaded into the COPRA database An existing database will be overwritten 1 3 10 Erase COPRA Database X Function Erase the COPRA database files from hard disk The design data of the current project are saved in the COPRA database files These database files are work files that should be saved as an Archive or Project file Sometimes it is necessary to have more than one flower in a project In this case the COPRA database files can be erased from hard disk and a new section can be designed Before the COPRA database files are being erased their con tent can be saved in the Project file If the design data are not saved in the Project file an additional user confirmation is necessary 1 3 11 Erase Screen E Function The content of the screen is erased depending on the Delete options setting If the Clear only COPRA layers when updating screen is selected then all drawing information placed on COPRA layers will be erased The names of the COPRA layers are set in the Settings If the switch is set to all ac
23. and the project data The size and position of the individual views are user definable and can be activated with the mouse or via the pull down menu View 1 SpreadSheet view documents The design in the current document is being displayed in a tabulated view Multiple documents may be open at the same time but only one can be the current one 1 1 Table lines and columns In the 1 column in the 1 line the current strip thickness is shown and in the 2 line the current unit From the 4 line the pass number of the section is shown al ternating with the modification between the sections from to In the 2 column the current strip width is shown A possible strip width modifica tion in the design is shown as relative value in red colour In the 3 column the section folding point for the current section can be defined In the 4 column the visibility of a section can be enabled or disabled If the toggle is active the section is always displayed in the preview even if it is not the current cross section From the 5 column the geometry data of the individual entities of a cross section are shown Which entity data are visible radius angle length is defined by the settings in the table layout 1 2 Table Layout With the command Options gt Table Layout in the main menu the appear ance of the table can be defined The command is also available with a right mouse click in the table The dialogue Table Option
24. and y co ordinates any point can be selected as the actions basic point 20 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools Convert Database Vector P1 P2 Two points that define the basis of the action can be selected with are two possi bilities 1 By P1 x1 y1 to define the co ordinates of the first point and P2 x2 y2 to define the co ordinates of the second point 2 Or click at the buttons gt P1 and gt P2 Then the points can be selected by crosshairs The co ordinates of the selected points are automatically taken into the dialogue box Convert Factor By entering a convert factor objects can be made larger or smaller or be converted from mm to inches Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 21 General Functions Shortcuts General Functions y You will find important tips which you should follow under this sym bol X Under the star symbol you find useful tips 1 Shortcuts In the modules Profile Flower Rolls and NC Data s the shortcuts and are available X If changes are made you will be asked whether the changes should be saved in the last actual pass Please note that that pass number 1 is the end profile if numbering with passes is chosen If numbering with stations is chosen station number 0 or 1 depending on your settings is the flat strip You may chose the numbering in COPRA Settings Pass and Roll numbering The sh
25. are shown in diagrams in the VDI guideline 3389 page 3 On the basis of these gauge values the position of a theoretical neutral line required by the bend ing programme is to be calculated Fig 17 Stretched length according to VDI S thickness of the work piece ri internal radius of the curvature l4 lo internal side length L stretched length X gauge values bal Flt x Fig 18 Stretched length according to the position of the neutral line a b lengths of the unmodified areas Koeff position of the neutral line Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 51 Strip Width Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 as __S e 1 dR s R e4 1 The arc of the circle is calculated by pr The radius of the neutral fibre results from the internal radius By equating the two equations you will get an equation for the coefficient depending on the gauge fac tor As the gauge factors for an angle of 90 are included in the VDI guidelines equals 90 as __S e 1 dR s R e 41 Fig 19 Dimensioning according to VDI ly and lo can geometrically be divided into a b and 2 rji Thus for the first equation is L tbF2r X By equating results a b 2r x a b r s Koeff N m s z Koeff 2r x r 2 2 Resolution for the coefficient rln F2 SI Koeff This equation allows calculating a single valued coeff
26. by selecting reference points The sections to be rotated are displayed in the same colour Optionally additional sections can be displayed which are listed in a different colour The changes are automatically saved to the database If only one section was moved it could be saved optionally 1 2 4 Split Entity Function Split one entity into two parts Sometime it may be necessary to insert an entity where it cannot be done because of an existing entity In this case the Split entity function can be used to break an entity The entity to be split has to be picked with the crosshairs The entity data will be displayed and the entity selection has to be confirmed In case of a straight the length to the break point has to be entered in case of an arc the including an gle has to be entered If the break position is valid the entity will be split in the po sition defined and the new section will be displayed 1 2 5 Join Entities Function Join split entities If selected two adjacent equal entities can be joined To do so pick the entities with the crosshairs All entities between which have the same geometrical values will be automatically joined In case of arcs the inner radii have to be equal Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 137 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF 1 2 6 Join All Entities m Function Join separate entities If selected all adjacent equal
27. command Set root directory Refer to the topic 4 1 for the Set root directory command Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 73 COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 14 The command Properties Here the attributes paths as well as the name of the project can be changed The attributes and paths of the documents stored in this project are not touched by this change 5 Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder A Document in COPRA RF CADFinder does not necessarily mean that it is only one file on the hard disc A document may include as shown in figure 2 various revision numbers For an easier handling a document is handled like a file in the project manager The document always corresponds to the latest revision i e the status of the latest saved version 5 1 Working with documents in COPRA RF CADFinder The right window of the COPRA RF Project Manager shows the documents linked to the current project A right mouse key click on one of the listed docu ments will open a context menu including commands with available document op erations some of these menu items are only available if the workflow status of the chosen document allows the operation or if the user has got administrator rights in COPRA RF CADFinder ee tT Chabticpy j Numbe MEW t aog Ea Numb Egt n 11 10 Mew Revision Document Open Drawing Header Delete Remove Copy Print Revisions Comm
28. direction needs to be marked alternatively you may design a closed contour of the profile and import it Important You need to design the profile as polyline You have got 3 different possibilities to import profile contours Closed endprofile contour as polyinie The dimension s marks sheet thickness and does not need to be available in the DXF file a N Outer and inner contour of the profile as polyline with marked sheet thickness direction 2 CPE Format It is in COPRA SpreadSheet actually not possible to rotate or move profile sec tions as they may be designed with COPRA RF If the in COPRA RF designed forming was done with rotation or moving of single profiles it may cause data lost if you exchange data from COPRA RF files to COPRA SpreadSheet and the other way round 126 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Tableview export 3 Tableview export With this command the exact view of the table view can be exported into a text file The cells contents are separated by a tab COPRA Spreadsheet 2009 DATA Export 1 General Information The COPRA Spreadsheet Export is an interface acting between COPRA itself and COPRA Spreadsheet Using the COPRA Spreadsheet Export enables the user to design his product including the finished profile the unfolding steps and profile displacement downhill forming in COPRA in the usual way while the interface
29. displayed in a table view One or more cells in the table can be selected but only one can have the focus The focus cell can be determined by clicking with the mouse or by navigating with the arrow keys of the keyboard 1 1 Table lines and columns 1 1 2 Line 1 With the disk symbol in the 1 column the project can be saved When it is red the plas is in a modified unsaved a In the 2 column the current strip ay column is a toggle to show or hide column the element numbers are all cross sections of the flower From the 5 shown 1 1 3 Line 2 In the 2 column the header for the strip width and from the 5 column the ele ment attribute names are shown 1 1 4 Line 3 The 3 line contains the data of the final profile the strip width in the 2 column the unfolding plane data ey in the 3 column its visibility in the 4 and the geome try data from the 5 column 1 1 5 The following lines A possible strip width modification in the design is shown as relative value in red colour alternating with the strip width in the 2 column In the 3 column the section unfolding point for the current section can be de fined If an unfolding point for a cross section is defined the icon is red In the 4 column the visibility of a section can be enabled or disabled If the toggle is active the section is always displayed in the preview even if it is not the current cross section From the 5 column the geom
30. eae the visibility of the geometric element data e and the unfolding data of the cross sections If one option is set to True the corresponding item is visible oth erwise it is not The visibility can also be controlled via the toolbar us 1 2 11 XML In this line the path where the Flower table view layout definitions are stored It cannot be modified 1 3 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Toolbar 1 UES 2 Split Vertical With this button in the toolbar the table view can be spitted vertically This is help ful when modifying flowers with a big number of entities 1 4 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Context Menu a Optimal column width mT this menu item the widths of all columns are adjusted in order to fit to their content In order to optimize the width of one specific column double click the 1 row Of it 88 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Element Compact View 2 Element Compact View A click on the icon Compact view displays the Element compact view The Element compact view shows detailed information to the element selected in the Spreadsheet table view It consists of a block showing the entity and modi fication data of the element its the calibration method spring back calculation and Strip width calculation 2 1 Title row In the title row the currently selected pass and entity number is shown 2 2 Button
31. entity in the final section can be modified by simply high lighting the respective value of the base profile in the table in the 3 line called Profile Enter the new value radius angle or length 2 Insert entity F It is possible to insert an entity at any time in the final section The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the column headers the toolbar Entity 3 Delete entity ies C With this command it is possible to delete one or more entities from the final sec tion Select one or more columns in the table view and execute this command The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the column headers the toolbar Entity 4 Rotate Base Profile The final section can be rotated in any position The rotation can be defined by entering an angle relative to the current position or by specification of an entity that should be in a horizontal position after the rotation The command can be called via the menu Profile the contextmenu of the cells Sheet thickness Unit Profile Stripwidth the toolbar Profile 120 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Reverse Profiledirection 5 Reverse Profiledirection 2 This command reverses the direction of the final section It only can be executed for final sections which are not mirrored
32. inner radius of all entities selected in the list is set to the pre set value De pending on the selected procedure the angles and length of the entities are ad justed or a length compensation is applied Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 133 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Contour Radius The contour radius of all entities selected in the list is set to the pre set value De pending on the selected method the angles and lengths of the entities are adjusted or a length compensation is applied Length The length of the neutral line of all entities selected in the list is set to the pre set value Depending on the selected procedure the angles and radii of the entities are adjusted or a length compensation is applied New The percentage of the neutral line with regard to the entire original strip width of all entities selected in the list is set to the pre set value The lengths of the neutral line are recalculated Depending on the selected procedure the angles and radii of the entities are adjusted or a length compensation is applied d X For a description of how to select entities refer to General Information Profile Entity Here the number of entities in a section can be changed In combination with the function dispense length compensation to selection it is also possible to sepa rate entities Add lf only one entity is highlighted in the list it can be copied
33. list and using this button COPRA prompts for the confirmation of the deletion of the punch hole Confirma tion of the punch hole with OK deletes the punch hole from the database Holes The various type of circular holes required for various assembly operations can be selected here Bore hole lf the punch hole is to be created as just a bore hole the radio button present be low this option is activated The list provided below the bore hole picture contains few diameters of bore holes in the database By selecting the pull down arrow the diameter list is displayed and the required diameter is selected by a left button mouse click Tapping lf the punch hole is to be created for the tapping operation the radio button present below this option is activated The list provided below the Tapping picture contains few diameters of bore holes in the database By selecting the pull down arrow the diameter list for tapping is displayed and the required diameter can be selected by a left button mouse click Insert hole If the punch hole is to be used for inserting operations then the toggle present be low the picture can be activated The list provided below the insert hole picture contains few diameters of insert holes in the database of COPRA By selecting the pull down arrow the diameter list insert holes is displayed and the required di ameter can be selected by a left button mouse click Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solution
34. macros Create Bend Sequence Create combinations of primary flowers Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 112 89 81 24 96 133 98 165 165 165 168 33 89 111 142 142 142 131 95 95 139 95 76 96 87 23 15 142 134 103 103 159 162 81 97 78 126 92 101 63 64 130 98 172 Index create final section Create Flower Create modification data for an entity Create new display or update existing projects Create Spring Back Creating a profile by AutoCAD polyline D data for angle inside radius and length define a section folding point for each individual pass Define Point of Unfolding definition of the section folding point Delete Entity Delete Entity Joining Delete Entity Splitting delete existing project Delete Modification Data Delete Pass Delete Point of Unfolding delete revisions deleting any pass Design a profile display of the design in the current document Display rolls for a station drag amp drop Dynamic folding Dynamic unfolding E Edit Entities Edit modification data of an entity Element Compact View Entity and Modification Data in Element Compact View Erase Database Execute the bending parameters Execute the unfolding steps F final section Final Section Flip Profile Horizontal Flip Profile Vertical Flower Data Folding with Angle Radius Calibrating Method Fonts G general explanation about the COPRA RF CADFin
35. make the user familiar with the functionalities icons available in COPRA RF 2011 Also the examples considered in this document are in view of the above said objective only and do not contain any information about any design strategy data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH is not responsible for problems arising in the design after the usage of any functionalities icons explained in this document data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Am Marschallfeld 17 D 83626 Valley Oberlaindern Germany amp Phone 49 8024 640 0 Telefax 49 8024 640 300 lt 0 E Mail datam datam de WWW http www datam de COPRA RF 2011 Introduction Dear COPRA RF customer Now following 18 months of concentrated development work we are now presenting the new version of our COPRA RF Software The work for this release was completely different to that we have experienced in the past As you may know already from the information we have sent in preparation of this release the parametric COPRA SpreadSheet technology has now been fully integrated into our standard COPRA RF Software As a consequence it was necessary to conduct open heart surgery upon the known reliable and through the years fully developed kernel of the COPRA RF Software This kernel had to be replaced by a completely new parametric kernel solution One important pre requisite being the designer should be able to do everything possible do with t
36. material addition is via the defini tion of a length change possible Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 35 Strip Width Add Material Sizing Addition Strip Width Bending Bending is a process of cold forming which industrial engineering often applies Leaving aside edge deformation the process of bending is limited to a 2D reflec tion which allows a ratio of unbent length b and material thickness t of more than 5 Thus for the major part of all bending applications we can use this simplifica tion Due to the elasticity of the material the actually given bending angle of a finished piece is inferior to the originally bent angle The importance of the spring back de pends on the amount otr residual elastic stress before relief Fig 1 Stress and strain condition with bent parts of different curvature a Stress value at yielding point b Stress value in plastic zone Major bending angle here we only have residual elastic strain II Sharply bent metal here we have besides residual elastic stress tensions in the plastic zone accounting for the major share Hardly bent sheet metal with a much higher bending radius r compared to its thickness s will therefore show a considerable tendency to spring back into its original position The higher the ratio r So the higher the share of residual elastic stress will be This means that a square edged curvature has a minor tendency to spring back compared to
37. metal with a significant bending radius The spring back which first of all depends on the ratio of bending radius r and material thickness So will in addition be influenced by the hardness and the mate rial micro structure however it is not influenced by the load period 36 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Add Material Sizing Addition For an exact determination of the spring back the gauge factor k has been intro duced k can be determined by tests The spring back ratio K is the ratio of bend ing angle after spring back and bending angle before spring back o n 0 5 s r 0 5 s a The spring back angle p therefore is l p Q Q a mrn a m S N e j SSS Se 5 Fima e Ai Mg 35 Si Al Mg Mn 1625 40 63 70 16 25 40 63 100 r ie So Fig 2 Spring back diagram to determinate the value K __ K Spring back relation ri Inner bending radius r2 Inner bending radius after spring back s Sheet thickness a2 Bending angle after spring back al Set bending angle during the bending process p Spring back angle Exact values regarding the spring back behaviour are indispensable if tool design depends on the bending angle e g in case of positive locking bending to shape During the forming of edged profiles the spring back can be compensated by a deeper lowering of the bending rail with a greater side angle of the bending device The process of bending c
38. modifications will be done on the existing file and the old revision will only be saved if the user explicitly creates a new revision for the document e COPRA MDI active Activates the option to have more than 1 COPRA project open in different AutoCAD documents e Automatically init COPRA for new ACAD Documents Specifies if COPRA will initialize automatically for newly opened AutoCAD documents e Create DocNr Prefix for newly created projects If this option is set a document number prefix will be created for each new CadFinder project e Use DocNr Prefix for new documents If this option is set the Prefix from the Project will be used to initialize document numbers for new documents which can be modified by the user anyway 4 2 13 3 The command Database options Using this command a link between the SQL server and the CadFinder can be es tablished New connection Server Name a Use trusted connection Username Password Initial database Databases Recently used Server Database localhost COPRADB CadFinderDB Fig 14 Dialog window In the above window the Server Name User name Password Initial database can be specifed to create a link between the SQL server and the CadFinder The recently used servers will be displayed under the Recently used dialog The button Connect is used to establish a connection with the server and Cad Finder 4 2 13 4 The
39. point of unfolding is displayed and the system asks you whether you will be content with the plane of unfolding Yes If you confirm with Yes you are done and the plane of unfolding will be defined No If you enter No the system asks you whether the pass should be recreated If you confirm with Yes the defining the plane of unfolding dialogue box reappears Cancel lf the procedure is cancelled no plane of unfolding will be defined 6 2 2 Unfolding fh Function Step by step unfolding of individual bending steps with user defined settings If selected the system asks you to pick the arc to be unfolded with the help of the crosshairs Do so and the Interactive Unfolding dialogue box appears Entity Parameters The current entity data are displayed for the purpose of information Bending Parameters Displays the defined bending data Bending Angle Shows the value for the angle to be unfolded Bend Angle shows the value of the arc angle after unfolding of the arc by the value of the bending angle Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 163 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding And Or This function is only available if the Constant Length calibration method was used When activating this command a new inner radius can be applied manually Length Neutral Line Defines the length of the neutral line in the selected arc Calculation Method The selected method for strip width cal
40. produce an arc element with a defined opening angle and a median length of arc b as necessary for the production of a profile required you have to envisage a length element of the unformed material that corresponds to the me dian length of the arc of the finished profile minus lengthening The value for the coil stock width of any profile required results from the length of unfolding of a finished profile minus the total of elongation s that occurred in the bending areas Oo Fig 7 Constriction in bending areas All methods divide the profile into straights and arc elements for calculation The calculation of the initial width according to methods 1 to 3 is done in two steps First the theoretical lengthening is defined for each arc element of the profile fol lowing the respective calculation rules of the chosen method The total of those lengthened is subtracted from the length of the profile after unfolding And the re sult will be the coil stock width required as the total of those lengthened of all ref Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 41 Strip Width General Observations erence zones is the dimension by which the latitude co ordinate of the material will be increased due to the shaping process Fig 8 Lengthening Ab in a bending area A model depiction of the lengthened Ab in a bending zone is shown in Fig 12 It is supposed that the dimensions of straight sections will not change during shaping T
41. profile 11 Change Default Strip Width Calculation Calling this command shows the dialogue Strip width calculation In the upper part of the dialog the currently selected default method is shown In the lower part a different strip width calculation method can be selected The default method will be associated to new created entities Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile 12 Change Default Calibration Method Calling this command shows the dialogue Calibration method In the upper part of the dialog the currently selected default method is shown In the lower part a different calibration method can be selected The default method will be associ ated to new created entities Available ge in the context menu of the top left corner profile Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 95 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Modification Data Create Flower The section in the first line of the table is the final section Base Profile The flower is defined by the modifications entered pass by pass by the user Starting with the final section the modification data for the respective entities are defined step by step The data of each entity is represented by a maximum of 3 columns radius angle length depending on the selected setup Every cross section pass requires two lines The first line contains the data of the current cross section The second line contains the mod
42. row Reset This button discards the changes made to the modification data and the Element compact view shows again the currently set modification data of the element LE Add New With this button modification data can be added to an element It is only enabled if the element does not already has modification data Update Flower By clicking this button the modification data shown in the Element compact view is applied to the flower It is enabled if the element has modification data and there have been made changes to the modification data Delete This button deletes the modification data of an element It is only enabled if the element has modification data 2 3 Entity and Modification Data In this table the data for the entity s attributes are shown inside radius angle and length In the 3 column the type of modification absolute or relative is displayed The signs displayed depend on the setting made in the table view layout In the 4 column follows the actual modification value With the radio button in the last column the entity attribute to be changed can be determined Wether this radio button is enabled shown or not depends on the entity type and the selected cali bration method 2 4 Calibration Method In this place the calibration method can be changed An entity will have the cali bration method used in the previous pass by default Usually the calibration method of an entity will be defined in the fi
43. settings Flower sequence Layout With the command Options gt Forming Sequence Layout in the pull down menu the display of the forming sequence can be defined The arrangement can be horizontally or vertically For an exploded view the distance with pass height and pass width must be active The display of the pass number the section folding point and the centre point of gravity can be defined individually The command can also be used via a right mouse click in the preview window The flower sequence can also be zoomed to the limit by using the icon a in the Toolbar Preview or the shortcut F6 This is only possible if the window of the flower sequence has the focus 4 Modification data 4 vy In this window the modification data of the entity currently marked in the table are being displayed If an entity does not have any modification data the display is greyed out 5 Project data In this window the section data the used default settings and the data of the se lected entity in the table are being shown Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 109 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Select directory Templates A template is a combination of stripwidth calculation and calibration mehthod which is used as default for new elements 1 Select directory select File gt Templates from the main menu The Template dialogue ap pears By clicking the button a dia
44. the COPRA Roll form Software or flip back to the last active screen menu page During initialisation of COPRA the system checks whether the required settings are available For example all layers required by COPRA will be created auto matically If the AutoCAD commands of the Screen menu are used during design ing it will always be possible to return to the last active screen menu This has to be the first command after AutoCAD has been loaded or a new draw ing has been created The last actual project is loaded automatically 1 2 Project Manager Please do no longer use In previous COPRA version was this function used to create an manage projects But now COPRA s latest function the COPRA RF CADFinder may be used for that see COPRA RF CADFinder manual The old COPRA project manager will no longer be available in the next upcoming COPRA version X If a project is set current in COPRA CADFinder it will also be the current one in project manager and the other way round ir Function Create new display or update existing projects The COPRA Project Manager is a tool for easy project administration All pro jects ever created with the Project Manager will appear in a project list 4 One directory may contain one project only Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 1 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar 1 2 2 Dialogue box Project Manager Last current Shows the current proje
45. the other bend should be unfolded If this was forgotten it could happen that some steps were performed with constant radius and some with constant length of neu tral line method Now the calibrating method is added as an attribute to each bend lf a bend is selected the current calibrating method is automatically applied If re quired it is of course possible to select a different calibrating The Unfold com mand can be loaded via the screen menu or by entering lt ENTER gt on the key board Pick the arc to be bent 6 1 Unfolding via Table with COPRA RF SpreadSheet Please refer to the COPRA SpreadSheet user manuals for further information Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 161 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding 6 2 The Flower toolbar Flower Ao 2290 AAA of LD 2 te The Flower toolbar contains all functions required to create a flower 6 2 1 Plane of Unfolding xA Before a flower can be created the plane of unfolding has to be defined If the Flower function is opened for the first time in the current project a defining the point of unfolding dialogue box automatically appears Entity Centre Allows picking the respective entity with the crosshairs The point of unfolding is positioned in the middle of the selected entity Before Entity Allows picking the respective entity with the crosshairs The point of unfolding is positioned at the point of separation from the selecte
46. to be unfolded Increment Angle lt 0 The value by which the arc is to be folded 166 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal Sections Create Unfolding Unfold Fold The arc is unfolded or folded by the entered value Check the value in the view window 6 2 10 Dynamic Unfolding as Function Dynamic unfolding This function allows you to unfold the arc by the entered value to the desired posi tion This feature is quite helpful for example for checking accessibility of the rolls 6 2 11 Dynamic Folding ay Function Dynamic folding This function allows you to fold the arc by the entered value to the desired posi tion This feature is quite helpful for example for checking accessibility of the rolls 6 2 12 Plane of Unfolding pl Function Definition of the point of unfolding redefine plane of unfolding See point 6 1 1 6 2 13 Symmetrical Profiles L Function Split symmetrical sections Symmetrical sections can be split to make design faster by only unfolding one half of it COPRA automatically recognises a symmetrical and loads the required dia logue box 6 2 14 Calibrate H Function Select the default calibrating method The calibration method depends on the section to be formed In practice the cali bration methods constant length of neutral line or constant radius are the most common ones However some roll forming processes require m
47. to op tions Length L Width B and Angle W The toggle Square This toggle is activated for creating square holes on the flat strip By activating this toggle the space adjacent to the option Width B is blocked The button Values to DB The customised specifications of punch hole can be saved into the rectangular punch hole list by the input of name for the punch hole in the space provided be low the option Name The button Delete Values The punch hole saved into the database can be deleted by using this option Just by selecting the required punch hole from the list and using this button COPRA prompts for the confirmation of the deletion of the punch hole Confirmation of the punch hole with OK deletes the punch hole from the database 148 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes Oblong hole Parameter The dimension and orientation of the punch holes are input here The length width and angular orientation of the hole are input in the spaces provided adjacent to options Length L Width B and Angle W The button Values to DB The customised specifications of punch hole can be saved into the oblong punch hole list by the input of name for the punch hole in the space provided below the option Name The button Delete Values The customised punch hole saved into the database can be deleted by using this option Just by selecting the required punch hole from the
48. 011 data M Sheet Metal Solutions
49. 146 4 2 2 Delete 3D flat pattern model 146 4 2 3 Section as 3D flat pattern model 146 4 2 4 3D Flower 146 4 2 5 Section as 3D flat pattern FEA model 147 4 2 6 Flower as 3D flat pattern FEA model 147 4 2 7 Import Section 147 4 2 8 Unfold 3d flat pattern model 147 4 3 The Punch hole Toolbar 148 4 3 1 Create 2D punch hole 148 4 3 2 Create custom holes 151 4 3 3 UCS Face 152 4 3 4 UCS 2Edges 152 4 3 5 Create 3D punch hole 152 4 3 6 3D punch contour 152 4 4 The icon Layer Settings 153 4 5 The View Toolbar 154 4 5 1 Zoom extension 9x 154 4 5 2 Maximized View 154 4 5 3 2 Views 154 4 5 4 3 Views 154 4 5 5 4 Views 155 4 5 6 Iso View 155 4 6 The icon Regen 155 5 Statics 156 5 1 Section Characteristics 156 5 2 Static Values 156 5 2 1 Geometrical Moment of Inertia 156 5 2 2 Surface Centre of Gravity 157 5 2 3 Principal Axes 157 5 2 4 Torsion Moment of Inertia 157 5 2 5 Section Modulus 158 5 2 6 Maximum Distance from Edge 158 5 2 Radius of Inertia 158 5 2 8 Shear Centre 158 5 2 9 Vaulting Resistance 158 5 2 10 Principal Axes Angle 158 5 3 Abbreviation 159 5 3 1 COPRA Calculated Values 159 5 3 2 Max Distance from the Edge 159 5 3 3 Boundary Conditions 159 5 4 Formulas 159 5 5 Display results on Screen 160 6 Create Unfolding 161 6 1 Unfolding via Table with COPRA RF SpreadSheet 161 6 2 The Flower toolbar 162 6 2 1 Plane of Unfolding 162 6 2 2 Unfolding 163 6 2 3 Fold 164 6 2 4 Folding w
50. 3 to 5 are moved one position upwards X See also station attributes for retraining of already existing roll numbers 16 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA Utils toolbar 2 Fade in Profile k M Function Fade in a selected section Allows to fade in any section from the database The current pass will thereby be maintained 2 8 Fade in Rolls Thy Cts Function Display rolls for a station The rolls for the section can be faded in for any station 3 The COPRA Utils toolbar COPRA Utils Dec yyin 3 1 COPRA Copy Function Copy rolls or sections Rolls or sections have not to be designed anew Instead existing rolls or sections can be copied 3 2 COPRA Paste i Function Insert copied rolls or sections The copied roll or the copied section can be inserted in any pass Rolls can be in serted at any position for example top rolls can be used as left or right rolls or as bottom rolls However you have to choose the respective COPRA module at first 3 3 COPRA DB Undo k Function Reset commands This function is similar to the Undo in AutoCAD Up to 5 steps can be reset pro vided that the data was not saved beforehand Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 17 COPRA Basictools The COPRA Utils toolbar 3 4 COPRA DB Redo ol Function Reactivate changes This function allows you to reactivate the last
51. CADFinder 4 2 9 The command Convert Using this command the parametric COPRA project can be converted to Classic COPRA project and the working COPRA project can be can be converted to a normal COPRA project The options available in this sub menu depend on the selected project type ja New project we Create COPRA Projekt CG Create classic COPRA Project New document Im Export b Convert to COPRA Copy ce Paste Delete Miscellaneous b Properties m Fig 10 Dialogue Convert 4 2 9 1 The command Convert to classic COPRA Using this command a COPRA parametric project or CadFinder standard project will be converted to a COPRA classic project e g to be able to share the project via COPRA archive files with users of a previous COPRA version 4 2 9 2 The command Remove COPRA status Using this command the COPRA project parametric classis can be converted to a normal COPRA project folder 4 2 9 3 The command Convert to parametric COPRA Using this command a COPRA classic project or CadFinder standard project will be converted to a COPRA parametric project e g to be able to use the new pa rametric functions also on old projects Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 69 COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 10 The command Copy Using this command the existing project under a particular main project folder can be copied in order to paste
52. COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar Station You may define the corresponding number that the station has got on machine here 1 3 5 Roll numbering A o Function Individual roll numbering global for all or for single projects X You may define an own roll numbering for your company here The settings are either valid for all projects or for the current one depending on your set tings A dialogue opens if you click the icon Roll numbering ATTENTION Please take care whether main or idler station is chosen see left side on top of the box Depending on your choice either the numbering for the main or the idler stations may be defined The column Selection Please select here which information you want to add to your individual roll num ber Furthermore the option Delimiters is available You may add e g a hyphen between two chosen information in roll numbering The column Format Depending on your needs you may add the information complete or as short cut E g drawing number complete or DNo abbreviated gt see also Abbrevia tions Selected elements Your selection is displayed here The line Example at the bottom of the dialogue gives you a preview on how your roll number will look like later lf you need to delete an element from list mark it please e g Pass number Ara bic number and click this symbol the symbol is available between the Format and Selected elements colum
53. D model as the UCS face This icon can be used to set a face of the 3D model as the UCS face Just after selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the selection of the face Just place the cursor on the face and left button mouse click to select the face 4 3 4 UCS 2Edges E Function To set the UCS with reference to two edges of the profile This icon can be used to set UCS by two edges of the profile Just after selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the selection of the first edge of the profile Just place the cursor on the required edge and left button mouse click to select the edge Similarly select the second edge of the profile and the UCS is placed with reference to the edges selected 4 3 5 Create 3D punch hole Function To create 3 dimensional punch holes on the 3 dimensional solid final profile This icon is used to create 3 dimensional punch holes on a 3 dimensional solid final profile Just after selecting this icon the window Punch holes dialog appears on the screen Selection of the type of hole and confirmation with OK prompts for the selection of the face upon which the hole is to be placed Again COPRA prompts for the selection of the objects upon which the hole is to be created Se lection of the profile as a hole creates the 3 dimensional punch hole on the se lected face 4 3 6 3D punch contour E Function To create 3 dimensional punch holes in the 3 dimensional final profile This icon can be used to c
54. Defines the unfolding angle View Window Shows the selected bending sequence Bending Sequence A dialogue box is opened allowing you to select an existing bending sequence Adjust Create Modify Copy or Delete Bending Sequence Trapezoidal The system calculates a bending sequence whereby calculation aims at obtaining an even inlet for the strip edge For detailed information refer to Trapezoid below Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 165 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding Bending Sequence Shows the selected bending sequence Angular Sum Shows the total sum of the angles Sequence of Angles Displays the angle steps All other functions see 6 1 2 Unfolding 6 2 8 Execute Unfolding go Function Execute the bending parameters entered and save new section in COPRA database 6 2 9 Dynamic Flower fi Function Predefine dynamic step by step unfolding or folding This feature allows you to fold or unfold arcs dynamically After having selected the icon the Dynamic Unfolder dialogue box is opened Pass Data Shows the current pass data for the purpose of information View Window Displays all entities and their respective values Entity Selection see General Information point 2 Calibration Method Allows you to choose from several calibration methods For detailed information see 6 1 14 Calibration Methods Increment Angle gt 0 The value by which the arc is
55. OPRA project By selecting this icon the punch holes modifications made in the flat strip of the final profile are also transferred to the COPRA profile 4 1 3 Delete Flat pattern Function Removes flat pattern of the final profile This icon is used to delete the flat pattern of the final profile Just after selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the removal of any designed punch holes from the database Confirming the window with Yes deletes the flat pattern in the current 144 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes drawing and the holes from the COPRA database Confirming the window with No only the flat pattern in the current drawing is removed 4 1 4 Move Flat Pattern Lg Function Move flat pattern of the final profile to the other position This icon is used to move the flat pattern of the final profile to the new position Just after selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the selection of the flat strip Then select the base point and the target point and the flat pattern is moved to the required position Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 145 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 4 2 The 3D model Toolbar 3D model The 3D model toolbar contains all functions required for creating the 3 dimen sional model of the flat pattern of the final profile 4 2 1 Create Update 3D flat pattern model bet
56. Pa pa m j arn ida 26 aoo E AA Akud u YE Cela wow sD samt Bice UI ei RRR CES FE a Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF 3D Mode How to start 3D Mode 1 How to start 3D Mode 3D mode can easily be started by clicking the Switch 2d 3d command i gt lS Wesh AutoCAD Mechanical 2012 NOT FOR RE 0 3D Modeling Insert Parametric Annotate View Manage Output Add Ins Online Render Be ae JE 9 A rchive Switch od Compact Lat Show Material x g 20 30 view 4a Browser H H Tableview CADFINDER COPRA Views Functions EE Design Y 3D Mode in ribbon mode and in toolbar mode COPRA RF is asking for confirmation Q Activate 3D mode Ok Cancel Click OK and COPRA RF is switching to 3D mode and you will get a drawing like that Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 27 COPRA RF 3D Mode How to start 3D Mode Using the AutoCAD orbit functions orbit free orbit or continuous orbit you can rotate and shade autoCAD visual styles the 3D modell 28 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH How to leave the 3D mode go back to 2D mode 2 How to leave the 3D mode go back to 2D mode You can stop the 3D mode and recover the 2D mode by using the same buttons as for starting 3D mode COPRA RF is asking for user confirmation By clicking OK you will
57. RF CADFinder are shown in the figure above The link between documents and projects is made via the document number To simplify matters in the CADFinder Project manager only projects and documents are visible As described at a later point also other elements may be shown and modified An unlimited number of document numbers may be assigned to a project as shown above A document number may be associated with any number of pro jects A document number may contain any number of documents but a document is only linked to one single document number In turn a document may have an unlimited number of revisions processing states but a revision itself is associated with only one document A revision is equal to one file on the storage device in the reality in terms of a file system The following dependencies show the behaviour when deleting elements in COPRA RF CADFinder gt A single revision may be deleted without any effect on other elements gt When deleting a document all the belonging revisions will be deleted too lf a project is deleted all document numbers including the belonging documents and revisions that are exclusively linked with this project will be deleted Document numbers that are also linked to other projects will be preserved with all related documents and revisions 60 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder
58. Result dialogue 82 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Retrieve Functions The retrieval catalogue in the figure above already includes results of retrieval Via the index card above this catalogue may be switched between the individual re trieval results The figure shows also the context menu that comes up on a right mouse click on the document The content and functionality matches mosily to the menu in the document view of the COPRA RF CADFinder project manager see chapter 5 1 and following of this documentation Only the menu item Remove differs in function Highlighted documents may be removed from the result catalogue but the document itself and its links to projects remain 7 1 2 The button New Search Using this button a new retrieval is defined executed and the result being dis played In the first step the retrieval criteria need to be defined This is done in the follow ing dialogue v gt Search in subprojects too Created by data M lt lt Details lt lt Solutions Cancel Find Fig 34 Dialogue for document retrieval On the top left side in the text field Search Categories the name of the retrieval catalogue is defined The text defined here is later visible on the index cards and indicates the respective catalogue Below that the definition of the search criteria begins The document number and
59. S and ZOOM lt FACTOR gt x is done after every modi fication The factor may be set to values between 0 5 and 1 0 If case the factor is set to 1 0 the ZOOM lt FACTOR gt option will not be executed Automatic redraw lf selected an automatic redraw is done when loading a new module The screen is updated with the current section and or rolls The current drawing entities will be erased depending on the updating screen setting in the bottom of this dialogue box Fade out Plane of Unfolding lf this feature is active the plane of unfolding will be faded out Fade in next Section If selected the next section saved in the COPRA database is also being dis played on the screen Fade in previous Section lf selected the previous section saved in the COPRA database is also being dis played on the screen Pass and Roll Numbers Gives access to all options regarding pass or roll designations By selecting the Fade in spacer dimensions option the widths and diameters of the space rings will be faded in X Please refer to chapter Rollnumbering in COPRA Rolldesign amp Rolltechnol ogy manual too Numbering of the different Stations The numbering with station provides with further options like separate numbering with station types Use COPRA Numbering The standard COPRA numbering with passes or stations will be used Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 5 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar
60. SQL Server 2011 Express is included in COPRA for single user envi ronments Furthermore user defined attributes can be linked with projects and documents This ensures a fast retrieving of documents via specific search functions These attributes in the COPRA version of CAD Finder may also be used to complete the title block information in an AutoCAD template Also a structured view of projects project manager and belonging documents as any number of flexible working catalogues are available for displaying different search results From here the individual documents can be opened modified completed with new attributes copied and moved very easy and comfortable The design of the structured view is similar to the Microsoft Windows Explorer in order to guarantee a spontaneous working in a well known environment A revision control and workflow system is also available for the individual docu ments So an older version of a document may be if desired saved before modifying in order to have access to previous releases of this document The his tory of a file may be saved The link to the respective project is maintained So for a document multiple work situations may be saved The workflow system recog nizes if a user opens a document for edit and it will set the workflow status to Modify If the editing is finished the user can set the workflow status back and approves the document for edit The user can define any number of wor
61. Sections Create Unfolding 6 2 5 Bending Straights For better access to undercut bends it may be necessary to over bend straights 6 2 6 Splitting Straights for Over bending Purposes lf a straight is over bent the complete length will be converted to a bend If only a part of the straight should be bent it can be split into two parts by using the Split entities option from the Profile Utilities toolbar 6 2 7 Automatic Unfolding oft Function Automatic unfolding of bends with pre defined bending sequences Today more and more roll formers use standard rolls to save the costs for making new rolls Above all standard sections are very often created with combination rolls The angles of these rolls are Known which makes it possible to automatically create a flower for these sections if there is a possibility to enter the bending se quence of the rolls This is provided by the COPRA automatic unfolding option After having selected the icon the system asks you to select the arc to be un folded with the crosshairs Do so and the Automatic Unfolding dialogue box is opened Just as with the Interactive Unfolding dialogue box the following func tions are available Initial Step Normally this value should be 1 However if several bending sequences are com bined the initial step has to be defined accordingly End Angle Allows defining a certain final angle No of Steps Defines the number of unfolding steps Or Angle
62. Shearing Shearing stress co Fn A W o A I 2 E Ta Fs A Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 159 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Statics Bending Load Normal Bending Bending load o M l z Extremal stress o1 M Wy1 02 M Wy gt Transverse bending Bending load o Mby ly Z Mb I y Torsion Torsion angle fi Mi 1 G k max Shear Stress Tmax Mi W Overturning The Overturning is result from the solution of the differential equation E Cm fi G fi My E lz My Zr fi 0 5 5 Display results on Screen For the better overview several options can be chosen in the display result on screen standard complete If the toggle standard is chosen only the most important data are shown as text With the selection complete all data are shown as text w There have be selected standard or complete otherwise the data cannot be shown as text fade out plane of unfolding The plane of unfolding can be fade out optional Profiles with huge band width of ten the profile is shown to small This problem can be thereby avoid fade out scaling The scaling can be fade out optional by choosing the toggle fade out scaling using Mtext The static data can be optional shown as MTEXT That means the text will be shown as text block Thereby the text manipulation style dimension will be con siderable substantially simpli
63. Trapezoidal Sections A variety of profile macros and the features for copying and combining profile parts help you to quickly and easily create even complex profiles Last but not least it is also possible to design the cross section of the final profile with the help of the CAD features and to edit it automatically for COPRA lf the profile is complete the strip width will be calculated automatically A variety of formulas are available for calculation The calculated strip width will be output The difference between the theoretical centre line and the actual strip width is significant due to the high number of bend ing points 7 3 Bending Sequence Trapezoid oft Function Creation of an automatic bending sequence For unfolding of a trapezoidal profile COPRA automatically creates a bending se quence The aim is to have a constant insertion of the strip edge In the outline the strip edge should be positioned on a straight This straight will be rounded off by the insertion steps from the flat strip and by the outlet steps to the final profile The bending angles will be calculated automatically so that we will have a constant insertion value for the entire forming procedure Only in the area of the insertion and outlet stations the value is respectively lower The newly created bending sequence is displayed in the list The code of the bending sequence indicates the bending angle and the number of forming steps For detailed as
64. a Template window in which a new template can be created or the previously saved template can be opened template is a combination of stripwidth calculation and calibration mehthod which is used as default for new elements Directory C Program Files COPR420114S preadSheet templates mm Create Modify C Program Files COPRA2011 SpreadSheet templates mm T est rft Unit mm v Stripwidth calculation Calibration method Proksa Constant length of neutral line v Position of neutr Line Lengthcompensation Factor Fix length Entity Material Inside Outside Center Close Fig 12 Dialogue Miscellaneous Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 71 COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder e In the above window some explanation about the template has been pro vided at the top most part of the window e Under directory the path where the template is getting saved is displayed this can be changed by clicking on the button present on the right side of the box e Under the Create Modify a new template can be created and saved e A template can be created by clicking on the New button and it can be saved by clicking on Save or Save as e Template which is already saved can be opened by clicking on the button Open e The button Show current template will display the current template e The button Apply shown template will
65. a frame pick it at the tab and drag it to the place de sired To dock a view click on its titlebar and drag it to the frame where it should be docked Pay attention to the adumbrated frame that shows how the view will be docked It might be necessary to undock other views in order achieve the desired position of the previously dragged view 2 Application Settings General settings for COPRA RF SpreadSheet are available via the command Options gt Application Settings in main menu The paths to the working direc tory the template directory the unfolding tables and the temporary directory may be modified Further the number of displayed decimal places the language and font size may be changed 3 Commandlist The command Options gt Commandlist opens a dialogue in which all commands of COPRA RF SpreadSheet are displayed In this dialogue you have the possibil ity to export the list to a text file 4 Control Geometrical Display The display of profile sections may be controlled within a graphical window Pre view and Forming Sequence 4 1 Move The profile view within the window may be moved by holding down the button of the mouse wheel or via the hotkey CTRL Left mouse button 124 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Zero Entities 4 2 Zoom in Zoom out The current profile display within a window may be enlarged or scaled down with rotating the mouse w
66. adSheet 2009 Standalone Create a new Document Create Final Section 1 Create a new Document With the command File gt New or with the respective icon from the toolbar a new document for a new final section can be created In the first step one of the available templates needs to be selected The calibration method and the strip width calculation method defined in the template will automatically be assigned to the bends that will be created during the definition of the final section 2 Create Base Entity The dialogue for creating a new section is being opened A first entity needs to be defined as the base for the design It can be a Straight defined by a length or a Bend defined by angle and inside radius Strip thickness and Orientation of the initial entity need also to be defined 3 Add additional Entities ae After the base entity was created the dialogue Insert New Entity will appear automatically This allows to add additional entities to the existing section cur rently only including the base entity at any position This can be executed at any time The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the columnheaders the toolbar Entity 3 1 Entity Type Available entity types are Straight Bend and Flange 3 1 2 Entity Data e A straight is defined by its length e A bend is defined by its angle and inside radius e A flange is defined by its angle the inside radius th
67. al line 40 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width General Observations Nevertheless the table of the gauge values was chosen as a basis for the calcu lation of the programme in order to get easy control of the values It is highly probable that gauge factors for new materials will also be defined by tests so that they can directly be included in the table In addition recalculating the gauge fac tor for each curvature does not involve major efforts With the present bending programme the position of the neutral line was entered as a coefficient in relation to the thickness For defining a curvature this coefficient is automatically pre set to 0 5 in order to provide for a minimum of changes in ex isting programmes Only during positioning of a piece i e in calculating and appending the individual elements of the work piece the coefficient is calculated according to the material and depending on the bending radius and sheet thickness and the pre set value will be overwritten That enables you to proceed with the positioning of a new ma terial at any moment The coefficients will be redefined 2 General Observations Calculating the coil stock width is mainly based on the following assumption due to deformation and constriction of material see Fig 11 in the bending area con nected with it there will be a lengthening of the latitude co ordinate of the work piece with given retention of volume In order to
68. anagement of a document can be accessed via the context menu that opens on a right mouse click on a document in the document area gt Document gt Revisions s chapter 5 1 2 5 of this documentation For ease of use the revisions are listed in a soreadsheet Revisions Revisions Admin Mo Rewo Path Filename ReyD atue User Reason Set Curent C ProjekteSCo yg 14 03 2005 Conny l 2 CANPrqekteCO 10 16 dug 14 03 2005 Conny zum Testen Copy C Projektesci 10 1 7 dwg 14 03 2005 Conny Test C ProjektesCO 10 18 dwg Open Delete Comment Fig 32 Dialogue for revision management The list shows the revisions among each other The rows show the elementary data of each revision Following you can find an explanation about the entities and the functionality of this dialogue No consecutive number of a revision RevNo the revision number or revision letter any user defined text Path the actual path in which the file is saved on the storage device Filename the actual file name of the revision on the storage device RevDate the creation date of the revision User the user that created the revision e Reason a short comment why changes have been applied The respective current revision in the list is marked by using a red colouration of the text Also the revision data of a document e g revision number revision date user and revision reason may be transferred to the template
69. ant Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 33 Calibration method Track Holding Inside Outside Method Length compensation no 3 Track Holding Inside Outside Method This method is a variant of the constant radius method Just as with the constant radius method the radius remains constant during all forming steps The only dif ference is that the length compensation pieces are not defined by the user but cal culated by COPRA SpreadSheet Calculation results in a constant intersection point of the inner line track holding inside or of the outer lines track holding out side of inner and outer leg This calculation method is only valid for bending an gles between 1 and 90 Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro high accuracy of dimensions Con difficult machine set up Characteristics of the Constant Length of the Track holding Method Inner radius constant Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 4 Angle Radius Method lt may be necessary to not only modify the angle of a bend but also the inner ra dius Examples are Dutch bends with a bend angle of 180 and an inner radius of Omm For a proper layout of this area it is necessary to find the correct pre shape For example it would not be possible to start forming from flat with an inner radius of 0 mm When modifying the angle as well as the inner radius the length of neutral line has to be recalculated
70. atabase on the hard disk of your computer This is project information common data and the geometry of sections and rolls of all passes The database covers the COPRA work files The database consists of the following files e ALLGEM DB Project information e PROFIL DB Section data of all passes e RAHMEN DB intern data e VERWTG DB Administration of the passes e WALZEN DB Roll data of all passes All database files are saved in the project directory To modify the data of a pass they need to be loaded into the computer memory After the current pass data has been modified it is written to and updated on the hard disk database There are various possibilities to save the data of the current pass to hard disk e The current pass is saved with the Save DB option e A new pass is loaded into the computer memory with the Get Show option and the Save current pass is selected e The Save current pass option is selected when exiting a module 3 2 Computer RAM In the computer memory only the data of one individual pass are loaded Only the data of one pass can be loaded into the computer memory This is the current pass Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 23 General Functions COPRA Memory X In case of a computer breakdown only the modifications made to the current pass will be lost Modifications made to a pass are only saved in the computer memory until a Save to database is being execut
71. auses a shift of the material towards the bending zone Due to the compressive stress in the inner zone of the curvature the material is upset and the layers of material will become thicker In the external zone the ma terial will be lengthened due to tensile stress and the layers will accordingly be come thinner Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 37 Strip Width Add Material Sizing Addition SS a f j orginal meditan at line Fig 3 Sheaf of lines in an arc of circle The curvature can be subdivided in two zones in which only tensile stress or com pressive stress occurs A third zone has to be introduced in which the material is first upset and afterwards stretched again A limit elongation fibre has been defined as delimitation This is a fibre where no more alterations due to stretch will occur At the beginning of the bending process it is identical to the median fibre and moves during the bending process towards the inner side passing the whole range of the final intermediate zone The fibre which at the end of the bending process has the same length as before shaping is the so called neutral line Grid Line as outer line a strain area original median line t neutral line bo bemern m m more Shalin than COMmpression H Ta Eae 2 A stress free lin less sirain than strain area COMOrESSION 3 i z imit extension ling compression area ternal line Fi
72. be selected This COPRA project is now available as a subproject of the current project selected in COPRA RF project manager However it remains in the original directory of the respective volume If this command is used more than once for the same project multiple COPRA RF CADFinder projects will be available but linked to the same COPRA project 4 2 8 6 The command Import COPRA Main directory The previous COPRA RF project manager was built on project main directories and project directories This way an unlimited number of projects could be linked to a main project directory in order to have a certain structure This command al lows linking loading all projects of a main project directory in one step in the new COPRA RF project manager After selecting this command a dialogue appears to select the directory in which the original main project directory is located As soon as the Select button is cho sen the COPRA projects located in this main project directory will be loaded into the new COPRA RF project manager In this case the COPRA project also re mains in the same physical storage directory Attention Before using this command a detailed project structure should be developed e g in a discussion with the colleagues Two possibilities would be a structure based on customers or based on profile types 68 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF
73. ble The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the in the table view selected cells the toolbar Entity 118 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Insert Pass 13 Insert Pass He This command allows inserting a pass before an existing one The command can be called via the menu Pass Station the contextmenu of the row headers the toolbar Pass Station 14 Delete Pass This command allows deleting any pass having been created by entering respec tive unfolding data The command can be called via the menu Pass Station the contextmenu of the row headers the toolbar Pass Station 15 Update flower The complete flower will be updated according to the current modification data The update command can be executed by pressing the F5 function key or by selecting Edit gt Update Flower from the pull down menu Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 119 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Modify entity data of the final section Modify Final Section Base Profile The final section can be modified at any time All existing forming steps for the creation of the flower pattern will be calculated automatically and fully associative When removing entities the modification data of the individual passes will also be removed 1 Modify entity data of the final section The geometric data of an
74. bled for modifying here 4 1 Action Offers the following options e Mirror horizontal e Mirror vertical e Move e Convert Depending on selected action the under objects chosen elements can be modified respectively the action Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 19 COPRA Basictools Convert Database The different Actions Mirror horizontal The profile axes and rolls can be mirrored horizontal The action can be done by point of unfolding plane of unfolding or free point Mirror vertical The profile axes and rolls can be mirrored vertical The unfolding point plane of unfolding or free point can do this Move The profile axes and rolls can be moved A vector of P1 P2 can be used The in put of the x and y co ordinates can be done by their values or by the selection of the points by crosshairs For selecting by crosshairs use the buttons gt P1 and gt P2 Convert By entering a convert factor the profile axes and rolls can be enlarged or made smaller by any value Furthermore conversion elements from mm to can be made 4 2 Reference Here is the reference point for the selected action thus different reference points are offered Refer to the next point for a detailed description The different References Unfolding Point The unfolding point is used as the actions basic point Unfolding Plane The unfolding plane is the actions basis Free Point P1 By defining the x
75. by using the Add op tion The new entity will be inserted after the selected entity If the copied entity is a straight it can be converted to an arc if A is selected If the copied entity is an arc it may be converted to a straight X The entity data of the new entity are similar to those of the copied entity Strip width differs by the length of the copied entity Remove All highlighted entities will be removed from the list Modification Procedures The different procedures have different effects on the section when changing an gle radius or length of an entity Several types of length compensations can be applied 134 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Free This procedure is equal to the COPRA calibration method Angle Radii Change Length Length compensation Ange Unchanged _ Is adjusted Radius unchanged IS adjusted Length Option Adjust Option Adjust None Constant Length Adjust This procedure is equal to the COPRA calibration method Angle Radii Length Length compensation Ange Unchanged Is adjusted None Radius unchanged IS adjusted _ None Length Option Adjust Option Adjust None Compensation with Straights only This procedure is equal to the COPRA calibration method Constant Radius Length compensation is done with straight entities only If an adjacent entity of the modified entity is
76. ch takes the longitudinal alterations based on the bending process into ac count This factor indicates the difference between unbent fibre and centre fibre of an arc element and thus makes the calculations of the unbent fibre possible k 0 654 S 1g e lt 1 2 S This standard is valid for bent pieces of flat steels dedicated to the use in mechanic engineering Fig 10 Position of the neutral line according to German standard DIN 6935 internal radius of the curvature material thickness opening angle leg length gauge factor stretched length T lt poan o L a b v Thus k 2 results for the coefficient of the position of the neutral line since this co efficient refers to the thickness s 2ps Koer 2 The DIN standard uses the factor k to calculate the gauge value In the pro gramme however you can immediately use the formula for calculation since even the choice of a certain dimensioning method does not allow the generating of a ho mogenous table of gauge factors between German standard DIN and VDI guide lines Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 43 Strip Width Calculation with German Standard DIN 6935 The conditions of this method which are to be taken into account regarding mate rial and bending radii admitted are shown in DIN standard 6935 The table 15 shows a material key list that is to be used for calculations according to DIN 6935 steels with guaranteed minimum tensile str
77. changed The following should be done before using this function Save primary flower with the help of the archiving module Use a unique logical name 172 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA Trapezoidal Sections 7 COPRA Trapezoidal Sections The COPRA Roll form Software is a general tool for the creation of roll formed profiles and the construction of the respective roll tools In addition to general fea tures which allow designing profiles of any desired shape there are also func tions which are especially suited for special profiles such as trapezoidal profiles In general manufactures concentrate on the production of either profiles or trape zoidal profiles For this reason COPRA provides individual solutions which are tailored to the respective needs of our customers Consequently there is also a solution for trapezoidal profiles 7 1 Manufacturing Problems One of the problems occurring with the production of trapezoidal profiles is that large strip widths have to be used The material has to be drawn from the outside to the inside Mosily the strip material is flat During roll forming the strip edges of the material have to take a curve With flat materials this gives rise to partially high shearing forces which may result in a plastic longitudinal elongation in the area of the strip edge and consequently in the typical waviness of trapezoidal pro fil
78. content of the COPRA database The shortcut allows resetting the changes Another possi bility to reset the changes offers the COPRA DB Undo function from the COPRA Utils toolbar 1 2 The Profile Utilities toolbar Profile utilities O tea Ss 1 2 1 Edit Profile Section Function Modify dimensions and geometry s of the section Normally it is not necessary to modify a section within a flower This can be done with the standard COPRA functions There are only a few cases where function is required by This function allows modifying the calculated length of the neutral line Be careful with this function as it may give rise to problems Pass Data Supplies information about the current flower Number of passes saved in the data base Current pass number to be modified e Number of entities in the current section o Material thickness Flower Data Provides a list of data for all sections within a flower 132 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Strip Width Supplies information about changes of the originally calculated strip width Original old strip width left of the section forming point o Original old strip width right of the section forming point Current strip width left of the section forming point Current strip width right of the section forming point Difference between original and current strip width le
79. ct and its path Selected Shows the selected project and its path Project Mainfolder shows the selected main directory An additional main directory for projects can be created Ww COPRA Setting files and prototype drawings should always be set More lt can be used to reload projects which have been removed from the project list If selected a file dialogue box for project files will be opened Project files do have the extension CPM A double click on the filename or highlighting it and pressing OK brings this project back into the project list Sort Projects The project list can be sorted in alphabetical chronological order or in groups New A new project can be created when selecting this button If the directory of the pro ject path selected does not yet exist the user has to confirm the creation of the directory The project path defines the directory where the COPRA database and its related files will be saved If the directory was created the Material s dialogue box comes up and the coil material used has to be selected It can be selected either from the list box or if a proper material is not yet available be created by the user with the help of Create The selected material is the default for all techni cal calculations like Spring back and Deformation Technology W data M Sheet Metal Solutions does not guarantee that the material properties shipped with COPRA are correct as the natural deviations of t
80. ctical life are covered by a sub division into three steps For the definition of the coil stock width the total of all calculated Ab values is subtracted from the unfolding of the finished profile here Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 49 Strip Width Algorithm with Bogojawlenskij 3 Algorithm with Bogojawlenskij The method according to Bogojawlenskij is based on the method of mathematical Statistics The measured values necessary for this purpose have been obtained especially from angle and U profiles As explained in the previous section the calculation of the coil stock width is based on the determination of the Ab values for the individual bending areas For carbon and low alloy steels this value is obtained as a result of the following formulae which are chosen depending on the specific internal radius R 5 02 R gt 0 1 Ab 0 1172 n AS gt mm 0 12 R gt 0 0 Falzung Ab a 360 z s 0 12 Np number of bending areas of a profile AS S 0 0032 9 99 1 26 R70 99 a opening angle in degrees R specific internal radius rj S_ The equations mentioned under 2 and the formula for the determination if the As value have been developed by Bogojawlenskij only for applications with So 1 8mm R 5 35mm a 0 90 and material widths between 100mm and 350mm The deduction is based on angles and U profiles as already mentioned For this reason application is not recommended for all prof
81. culation is displayed for the purpose of in formation Select Entities Refer to General Information point 2 wy lf unfolding is repeated always the last applied selection of entities Is active Chain Equal Entities automatically All equal entities will be joined automatically Calibrating Method Allows selecting among different calibration methods For detailed information refer to 6 1 14 Calibration Methods 6 2 3 Fold ay Function Fold individual bends step by step with customised settings Normally flower creation starts from the final section and is unfolded step by step or automatically to the flat strip But sometimes it may be necessary to continue folding the strip e g to create a section with over bent angles and radii or to fold a Straight The Fold function is similar to the Unfold function In the following we only want to describe the differences between the two functions 6 2 4 Folding with Angle Radius Calibrating Method The Angle Radius calibrating method cannot be used for folding an arc If the Angle Radius calibrating method is used for continuous folding of a bend the Calibrating Method Length Compensation dialogue box will be loaded with the calibrating methods Angle Radius and Power Bending being both disabled To modify both angle and radius for continuous folding use the Power Bending cali brating method 164 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal
82. d entity COPRA direction from left to right After Entity Allows picking the respective entity with the crosshairs The point of unfolding is positioned at the point of separation after the selected entity COPRA direction from left to right Point picked by Cursor Allows picking a certain point within an entity The point of unfolding is at the de fined point The proposed point which is marked with a cross reflects the centre of strip width COPRA Proposal COPRA proposes to select the point of unfolding on a long straight part The re spective legs are directed to the top Rotate Profile After having selected the point of unfolding the section can be subsequently ro tated by a defined angle The defined point of unfolding thereby serves as a refer ence point If no point of unfolding is defined the centre of the strip width will be assumed to be the reference point 162 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal Sections Create Unfolding Mirror Profile After having defined the point of unfolding the section can be subsequently mir rored at the defined point If no point of unfolding is defined the centre of the strip width will be assumed to be the reference point Rotate Profile Automatically When selecting an entity that is not positioned on the horizontal plane the section will be rotated in a way that the entity is in a horizontal position X After selection the
83. default colour for a new layer of a profile is listed To change the colour just left button mouse click on the respective colour The win dow Define New colour appears on the window for the selection of the new col Our On Off Under this column the switch for displaying the layers in the 2 dimensional flat pat tern of the final profile are listed Switching between on and off activates and de actives the display of respective parameter in the 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile Layername The layer name can be changed by input of new name in the space provided Change Using this button saves the new name of the layer Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 153 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes OK selecting this button updates the layer settings Cancel selecting this button does not update any changes made in the layer settings 4 5 The View Toolbar View e LL EL H gp The view toolbar contains functionalities related to the creation of different views of the final profile 4 5 1 Zoom extension 9x a Function Zoom the view of the object This icon is used to zoom the view of the 2 dimensional flat patterns or 3 dimen sional model of the final profile The maximum extent of zoom is 0 9X 4 5 2 Maximized View Function Create 1 view This icon is used to maximize the current view to generate exactly one view in the current drawing 4 5
84. der Project Manager German Standard DIN 6935 H have a look into the revisions of a document How to Use this Manual 112 96 96 98 141 115 116 101 116 93 100 100 70 89 97 101 102 81 119 174 105 17 79 167 167 99 96 89 89 141 166 176 114 96 94 94 132 164 87 59 43 76 85 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Index I Initialize the COPRA Rollform Software insert an entity in the final section Insert Entity Insert Part of Profile at a Location defined by an Entity Number Insert Part of Profile at a Location picked by Crosshairs Insert Part of Profile at the Beginning of the Section Insert Part of Profile at the End of the Section Insert Pass Inserted station Inside Radius interrelationship between project document number document and belonging revisions J join entities Join Entity joining of multiple entities can be removed again L link a CADFinder document number with one or more projects link a document to a project Link file to COPRA CADFinder load all projects of a main project directory in one step in the new COPRA RF project manager M Material Thickness mirror Mirror Row Flower Mirror Profile mirrored or rowed entities can be released and converted into independent entities Modification of Entities modification of the strip thickness Modification Procedures Modify modify a document without creating a new revision Modi
85. dow with OK COPRA prompts for the selection of the point at which the 3 dimensional model of the flower is to be placed 146 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 4 2 5 Section as 3D flat pattern FEA model Function Create 3 dimensional view of the current section The above icon is used to create the 3 dimensional view of the profile of the cur rent station The generated data can be used for comparison within the finite ele ment analysis 4 2 6 Flower as 3D flat pattern FEA model ee Function Create 3 dimensional view of the complete flower The above icon is used to create the 3 dimensional data of the complete flower of the current project The generated data can be used to compare with the 3 dimen sional flower pattern of the same project simulated in the finite element analysis 4 2 7 Import Section Us Function Import 3 dimensional model of the final profile with punch holes sometimes the 3 dimensional model of a profile along with the punch holes are designed in other design packages Such models can be imported into COPRA and are converted into the profile with the hole pattern Therefore a new and empty COPRA project must be created in CADFinder Then open the drawing file of the model and select the icon Now select an edge of the face representing the section of the profile and confirm the correct profile contour The profile gets
86. e contour polyline has to be picked with the cross hairs In terms of AutoCAD the design of the section has to fulfil the following conditions Conditions e COPRA has to be initialised Polyline from a contour or centre line of the profile must be on the screen e The contour has to be drawn as a polyline Only inside outside or centre line contour are necessary for the conversion e If the section is designed with material thickness COPRA will cancel the conversion o The intersection points between arcs and lines must be tangent e The inside radius of the section may not be smaller than 0 during the con version One of the following Options can be selected Erase Database The COPRA database in the current project path will be removed The number of sections and passes will be zero A completely new section can be created Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 141 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile of AutoCAD Continue The COPRA database in the current project path will not be removed After the conversion of the contour the new contour may be added to the existing section Cancel Exits the CAD Profile module No data will be removed and no conversion is done After having identified the polyline a dialogue box appears allowing you to define the settings for section conversion Material Thickness The material thickness for the profile can be entered Centre Line The centre l
87. e edit box appears entering a value and commit the value with RE TURN or discard it with ESC By navigating to the desired cell in the SpreadSheet View with the arrow keys and pressing the space bar the orange edit box appears entering a value and commit the value with RETURN or discard it with ESC By editing the desired modification in the Element compact view and commit the modification with the button or discard it with the button 96 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Modification Data 1 3 Copy and paste modification data The modification data of on or more entities may be copied into the clipboard by using the short cut Ctrl C on the keyboard Only a continuous area in the SpreadSheet View can by copied Move the focus to the cell where the modifi cation data should be inserted and press Ctrl V on the keyboard If there are not enough passes to receive the modification data in the clipboard the necessary passes will be added Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower CTRL via short cut Ctrl C and Ctrl V 1 4 Delete Modification Data This command deletes the modification data of the selected element Available ES in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar via short cut DEL CTRL 1 5 Unfold Entities Dynamically With this command the angle of one or more entities can b
88. e imported into COPRA 2 3 Getting a Spreadsheet project into COPRA fel By using this icon the content of a Spreadsheet project is imported into COPRA This button is meant to be used when a Spreadsheet project should be imported into COPRA with the connection to the Spreadsheet 2 4 Close the connection to COPRA Spreadsheet Clicking this icon closes the connection from COPRA to Spreadsheet This means further changes to the project will not be transferred to Spreadsheet any more a backup copy of the Spreadsheet project representing the current state will be saved to the COPRA project directory 3 COPRA functions covered by the Spreadsheet Export and known limitations As not all of the COPRA functions are implemented in Spreadsheet Export yet here is a list of the COPRA functions which are safe to use at the moment 3 1 Creating the profile Create Profile ES JIL OOOO In the Create Profile Tooloar the buttons not covered by the Spreadsheet Export are marked at the moment here merely the basic profile creation utilities are available CAD Creating the profile by using a polyline from CAD will work when using the Spreadsheet Export Profle unites Et OOOO The functions of the Profile utilities tooloar are not covered by the Spreadsheet Export 128 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone COPRA functions covered by the Spreadsheet Expor
89. e length and the position outside inside joined 112 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Add additional Entities 3 1 3 Position An entity can be added or inserted at the following positions at the beginning at the end after an existing entity defined by the entity number before an existing entity defined by the entity number after the current entity Selected in the table before the current entity selected in the table 3 1 4 Apply Close With pressing the button Apply the entity will be created with the current settings and the dialogue is still open for the definition of another new entity Pressing the button Close will close the dialogue without creating an entity Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 113 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Create modification data for entities Create Flower The section in the first line of the table is the final section Base Profile The flower is defined by the modifications entered pass by pass by the user Starting with the final section the modification data for the respective entities are defined step by step The data of each entity is represented by a maximum of 3 rows radius angle length depending on the selected setup Every cross section pass requires two lines The first line contains the data of the current cross section The second line contains the modification data The m
90. e text The bending order grid has four columns an ID representing the bending step the Arc angle shows the angle after executing the bend step the A determines whether the Arc angle should be created with a relative or absolute change value the A Angle is the delta from the Arc angle the row above The columns of Arc angle and A Angle can be edited With the buttons and bending steps can be added and removed With the buttons and t the bending steps can be moved down and upwards With the button gt right beside the grid the initialization tool can be expanded Here an end angle the angular sum or an angular step width and the number of steps can be entered A click on the button 22 Initialize fills the grid The data of the grid can be modified Click Save to save the bending sequence Clicking OK the bend sequence shown will be applied the currently selected bend in the table view Cancel closes the dialog without applying anything The command can be applied to multiple selected angles Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar 1 7 Create Spring Back In this dialog the spring back calculation can be defined It calls the dialog Springback Here the spring back calculation Type and depending on the type the Material can be selected The immediately calculated spring back angle can be modifi
91. e unfolded dynamically When the dialog appears specify the Value and Increment for unfolding the bend dynamically The preview in drawing window will change immediately The values in the edit boxes can be changed by the mouse wheel also If the checkbox preserve geometry of subsequent passes is set the geometry of subsequent passes will be untouched By clicking Apply the changes will be transferred to the flower If Cancel is clicked no changes will be made to the flower Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar CTRL via short cut Ctrl Doubleclick into the desired cell Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 97 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Modification Data 1 6 Create Bend Sequence With this command a bending sequence can be created and applied It calls the dialog Create Apply bend sequence At the top a list of entity numbers is shown It represents the entities to which the bending order will be applied It can be modified by clicking on the gt button and selecting entity numbers from the shown list In the left part of the dialog a tree view shows the already existing bending orders The right part displays details of the selected bending order the name the set calibration method a comment and the bending order itself The calibration method and comment can be changed by clicking on the button showing th
92. ectly be sent to the Win dows default printer 5 1 3 5 The submenu Revisions This command allows to have a look into the revisions of a document and to exe cute several operations with these revisions You will find more detailed informa tion about revisions in chapter 6 of this documentation 5 1 3 6 The submenu Comment Allows to enter a comment for the current document or to have a look at an exist ing comment The comment will be opened in the current standard editor for text files The comment refers to the current revision and can be modified and dis played in the revision management See chapter 6 of this documentation 5 1 4 The submenu Workflow The workflow status of marked documents may be changed here More informa tion on working with COPRA RF CADFinder Workflow is written under point 7 5 1 4 1 The submenu Project linked This command opens a list showing to which projects the selected document is linked 76 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 5 The command New Revision This command allows opening the selected document for editing by creating a new revision and the possibility of saving the state of the old one The workflow status of the document will automatically be set to Amendment to show all other users that currently changes are applied and it is blocked for the other users Mew revision for
93. ed X The design work made with COPRA is very much faster if in the first step modifications are only made in the computer memory Wy Exiting AutoCAD without saving the current pass may cause a loss of data that are only available in the computer memory 3 3 Archive Files Function Important design steps should be saved in Archive files An Archive file has the same file format as the Project file X In Archive files the 5 database files DB are also saved compressed and therefore cannot be modified directly X Opposite to the one Project file as many as necessary Archive files may be created The Archive files should be used to save important steps in the design It is like a snapshot of the current design situation Especially after having worked with the modules Profile Flower and Rolls it makes sense to create an Archive file X Archive files can be very useful if changes need to be made to the project or if a similar section has to be designed later X The project file is always located in the project directory The project file name cannot be changed The location of the Archive files as well as the Archive file names are defined by the user W The COPRA database was changed several times since the first re lease Therefore it may happen that an old database would have to be converted first Archive files of previous releases can always be loaded Therefore all COPRA databases should also be saved as Ar chi
94. ed which causes the dialog to switch to type User defined If the checkmark Autocomp is set in the following pass a compensation will be calcu lated automatically 98 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Edit Entities The buttons C Biswas and C Oehler Sachs reload the underlying tables for the Biswas and Oehler Sachs calculations The command can be applied to multiple selected angles in one pass Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar 8 Toggle Change Type With this command the type of the currently selected change value in the table view can be switched from relative to absolute and vice versa It is available via the context menu the toolbar and the short cut Ctrl R It can be applied to multiple values Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar erm via short cut Ctrl A or Ctrl R 2 Edit Entities 2 1 Join Entity Multiple entities with the same characteristic e g straight straight can be joined to one entity The command is available via the context menu and the toolbar and only if multiple adjacent entities are highlighted It is not available in the base pro file please make sure that you are working in one of the following passes e g pass no 2 Only adjacent entities of the same type can be joined The first entity of the entities to be joined will be t
95. ee below will be executed immediately afterwards Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile in the toolbar 7 Release Mirror Row vg This command creates for all virtual entities of a mirroring or row real entities in the base profile including all modification data in the flower This command is only available if the base profile is in a mirrored or rowed state Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile in the toolbar 8 Flip Profile Horizontal This command causes the base profile to be mirrored at the Y axis It is only avail able if the base profile is not mirrored or rowed and no unfolding data is present Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile 9 Flip Profile Vertical This command causes the base profile to be mirrored at the X axis It is only avail able if the base profile is not mirrored or rowed and no unfolding data is present Available s in the context menu of the top left corner profile 94 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Change Thickness 10 Change Thickness With the command Change Thickness the strip thickness of the final section can be modified For the modification of the strip thickness are options available for the reference contour radius modification and position alignment Available ge in the context menu of the top left corner
96. emented in the document view This means that if one or more documents are highlighted and the left mouse key is kept pushed over one of those documents it is possible to drag them over the screen When the left mouse button is released the highlighted documents may be copied to the Windows Explorer or the Autodesk Batch Plot Manager or other applications sup porting the Windows Drag amp Drop feature for files lf the documents are dragged from some Application e g the Windows Explorer or Microsoft Outlook into the project area of COPRA RF CADFinder and re leased over one of the projects a copy of this file will be created in the current CadFinder project folder and the respective CadFinder document will be created Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 79 COPRA RF CADFinder Revisions in COPRA RF CADFinder 6 Revisions in COPRA RF CADFinder Revisions are different design situations of a document that may be saved before each further modification The saved revisions may be loaded for inspection at any time Only the currently valid version may be modified In addition comments can be linked to any revision via a text file to e g document the reasons why the file has been changed This allows creating a complete history of a file from the very first sketch to the latest released status including all information about modifica tions 6 1 Working with the Revision Management in COPRA RF CADFinder The revision m
97. ements in the toolbar 1 1 Entity Type Available entity types are Straight Bend and Flange 1 1 2 Entity Data e A straight is defined by its length e A bend is defined by its angle and inside radius e A flange is defined by its angle the inside radius the length and the position outside inside joined 1 1 3 Position An entity can be added or inserted at the following positions e at the beginning e atthe end e after an existing entity defined by the entity number e before an existing entity defined by the entity number e after the current entity selected in the table e before the current entity Selected in the table 1 2 Apply Close By selecting on Apply the entity will be created with the current settings and the dialogue is still open for the definition of another new entity Pressing the button Close will close the dialogue without creating an entity 92 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Delete Entity 2 Delete Entity With this command it is possible to delete one or more entities from the final sec tion Select one or more columns in the table view and execute this command Available E in the context menu of the column headers elements in the toolbar 3 Modify Entity Geometry The geometric data of an entity in the final section can be modified by simply edit ing the respective value of the base profile in the table in the 3
98. en tity the part being closer to the point of unfolding inside is fixed the part being more distant outside will change Each individual pass may be assigned a dedicated point of unfolding Usually it is only defined in the final section base profile and stays constant in the rest of the flower As long as no dedicated point of unfolding is defined in a pass the one of the previous pass will be used automatically In the shown dialog it is possible to define the point of unfolding and the fix point On the first tab the point of unfolding is defined with the following options e Number of the entity containing the point of unfolding e Vertical position of the point of unfolding top centre bottom e Horizontal position of the point of unfolding start centre end user defined In the first row of the Spreadsheet View the element containing the point of un folding is marked with a sign the point of unfolding is at the beginning of the element the point of unfolding is at the end of the element In addition a fix rotation can be set for the following passes Either the point of un folding and thus the whole section is rotated by a defined angle or the entity con taining the point of unfolding is rotated into a horizontal position Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 101 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Passes On the second tab the fix point is defined The fix point is the point which remains in
99. ength steels up to 390N mm2 over 390 up to 490 over 490 up to 640 N mm2 N mm2 gen structural QST 34 2 QST 42 2 steels according to DIN QST 37 2 QST 42 3 17100 QST 37 3 QST 46 2 a Table 11 Table 16 lists minimum the bending radii internal radius admitted for the choice of certain material thickness values and materials The indicated values are valid for bending angles a lt 120 For a gt 120 the following value in the table is to be inserted smallest bending radius r admitted for thickness s during bending cross Over Over Over Over Over over over over Over Over Over over over over wise or parallel 2 5 3 to direc up up up up uUp up tion to to to to to to of roll 2 5 3 4 5 6 7 ing paratei fraja fo fa fe fo re fe fo fas fee E cross 1 6 2 5 4 5 10 12 16 wise paate 16 25 a s e fo fiz fie 2o faz ae so fso es Table 12 The lengthening of a bending zone is calculated with a non dimensional correction factor K with a value between zero and one This factor indicates the deviation towards the median line of an arc element and thus allows defining of the non lengthened fibre 44 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation with German Standard DIN 6935 Fig 13 Graphical depiction of the correction factor K The delta value for the bending zone is calculated with the following equation
100. ent diwg Preview WworkFlowy Projects linked Fig 28 Context menu in document view In the following these commands are explained more in detail 74 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 2 The command New This command is only available in the COPRA Version of CADFinder and in cludes only one secondary point Save current drawing The command allows sav ing the current AutoCAD drawing in COPRA RF CADFinder To do so it is neces sary to enter at least a document number in the following dialogue The remaining specifications are optional Add document Document data Document na Revision no Fig 29 Dialogue to enter primary document data If the document number entered already exists an inquiry occurs if a new docu ment sheet shall be added to the available number If this is not the case an al ternative not yet existing document number must be defined After confirmation with OK the COPRA RF CADFinder entry will be created and the file in this case the AutoCAD drawing will be saved to the directory of the current project As soon as the document has been created the respective document attributes may be defined and modified title block entries 5 1 3 The command Document If the menu item document is selected a context menu with further menu items will be displayed see Fig 7 5 1 3 1 The submenu Open Us
101. ent stays in its home location To do so the file needs to be copied into the clipboard via the Win dows Explorer with a right mouse click Then this command can be chosen to cre ate the link ATTENTION This function needs to be carefully used If a revision of the linked file will be cre ated later the file name will be changed if the toggle Save old Revision is en abled If other programs try to use the file problems might occur 78 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 10 The menu item CADFinder Link This command allows to link a CADFinder document number with one or more projects To do so the respective documents will be copied into the clipboard via the Copy command of CADFinder in the document view or in the search cata logue In the next step the project the documents should be linked to needs to be selected and the menu item CADFinder Link in the document view is to be se lected via a right mouse click This way the selected document is available in this project too i e the CadFinder document points to the same file 5 1 11 The menu item dwg Preview This function shows a preview of the selected AutoCAD drawing in a small win dow This feature is only available in the AutoCAD based version of COPRA RF CADFinder 5 2 Drag amp Drop Functionality in the Document View A drag amp drop functionality is impl
102. entities are joined within the section In case of arcs the inner radii have to be equal 1 2 7 Same Number of Entities for 2 Profiles i i i h Function Adjust number of entities of two sections The number of entities of the current pass and a second pass is adjusted In the occurring dialogue box the second pass has to be selected respectively 1 3 The Profil Utils toolbar Profil Utils Bo So M 1 3 1 Write Part of Profile to File L1 Function Writes a part of a profile for copying purposes to hard disk In some types of sections there are repeated shapes To avoid a new design of these shapes they can be written to file with the Write PP option and copied with the Read PP option A typical example would be stiffing ribs in a trapezoidal section simply pick the first and last entity of the entities to be copied and enter a filename describing that part The entity data are written to file and are ready to be copied 1 3 2 Read Part of a Profile from File Ly Function Reads a part of a profile from hard disk and inserts it in the current section Each part of a profile written to hard disk can be inserted into the current section with various options After entering the filename these options are listed in the Status line Option 1 A insert Part of Profile at the Beginning of the Section Entering the option A causes the part of profile to be added to the beginning of the section The beginning of the sect
103. entities of the section are drawn as polylines the selected entity is highlighted Automatically switching to contour polyline in tool design in tool design the profile drawing mode is automatically set to Contour as polyline The reason behind is that for tool design the whole profile contour or a part of that is of ten needed as a construction line Fade in element numbers if this toggle is set all the entities of the profile are numbered Text size element numbers the text size absolute or relative to ACAD text size Position of element numbers relative to centreline of the profile outside inside center Colour of Flower Alternating the colour of the sections in flower view alternates from station to station Like prev next station the current profile is drawn in the profile section col our defined in settings profile layer all the other sections of a flower are drawn in one other colour prev next section in settings profile layers defi nition Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar 1 3 3 Material Choice JC Function Select the material you want to use You may choose a material in a dialogue box further you may edit material or cre ate a new one and its properties In the past this could only be done via the Project Manager 1 3 4 Station Attributes a Function Station types can be individually named For each station can be defined which station t
104. entity split 11 Join entities 12 Delete entity joining 13 Insert Pass 14 Delete Pass 15 Update flower Modify Final Section Base Profile Modify entity data of the final section Insert entity Delete entity ies Rotate Base Profile Reverse Profiledirection Mirror Row Base Profile Release Mirror Row Change Material Thickness Oo O N OO FF fF W NY Replace Calibration Method 10 Replace Stripwidthcalculation General 1 Window arrangement in COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2 Application Settings 3 Commandlist 4 Control Geometrical Display 4 1 Move 4 2 Zoom in Zoom out 4 3 Window Filling Display 5 Zero Entities Import Export Vill 1 DXF Format 2 CPE Format 3 Tableview export 117 118 118 118 118 119 119 119 120 120 120 120 120 121 121 121 122 122 123 124 124 124 124 124 124 125 125 125 126 126 126 127 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents COPRA Spreadsheet 2009 DATA Export 127 1 General Information 127 2 The Copra Spreadsheet Export Toolbar 127 2 1 Establishing the connection from COPRA to Spreadsheet 127 2 2 Getting the linked Spreadsheet project into COPRA 128 2 3 Getting a Spreadsheet project into COPRA 128 2 4 Close the connection to COPRA Spreadsheet 128 3 COPRA functions covered by the Spreadsheet Export and known limitations 128 3 1 Creating the profile 128 3 2 Bandw
105. er current cross section entity numbers pass number section folding point centre point of gravity or copied cross section can be defined The visibility of the objects will be saved in the document their colours and the other settings will be stored in the registry The command can also be called by a right mouse click in the preview window The visibility of some objects and the zoom limit can also be set by the right mouseclick the toolbar Preview or the shortcuts 2 1 Zoom Limit Zooms all visible objects to fit the window The shortcut is F6 2 2 Show Flower Shows or hides the current flower in the preview window The shortcut is F7 2 3 Show Previous Station in Shows or hides the previous station in the preview window The shortcut is F8 2 4 Show Next Station mi Shows or hides the next station in the preview window The shortcut is F9 2 5 Show Profile G shows or hides the profile in the preview window The shortcut is F10 108 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Flower Sequence 2 6 Show Unfolding Plane L Shows or hides the unfolding plane of the current pass in the preview window 2 7 Show Gravity Center Shows or hides the gravity center of the current pass in the preview window 3 Flower Sequence Bs Shows a sequential preview of the flower design The representation depends on the selected
106. es Mitte 22 Profile utilities 1 Seite 2 Jerite Dehnungsgrenze 0 7452 4 5962 oe Caetl O28 i VAIETA erlMitte Dehnung s 000 0 0275 400 0 A000 T2004 tet ZA F400 ZB 0 0550 L ngsrichtung mm ae r r nr a E r os oe a a ee a a T ir ae fo a Fo a eo SE ar oer TEA Se aa oe oe eT a coe eter a a Fo ee 2 ae a ee Po ee Fig 37 Strip insertion with trapezoidal profiles Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 173 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA TrapeZoidal Sections A 1 SSS j S i m r m i a al Tt EERI O p WW Jl ini EE n E e ae aa A la a gt a a ESSE eee Material strain on shearing and E resulting plastic longitudinal shape OE deformations Fig 38 Outline Strip insertion of trapezoidal profiles During forming the strip insertion must not be too large see Fig 29 because of the occurring sheari
107. etry data of the individual entities of a cross section are shown Which entity attributes are visible radius angle length is defined by the settings in the table layout Every cross section pass consists of two lines The first line contains the data of the current cross section The second line contains the modification data The modification data are applied to the current section resulting in a new cross section pass 86 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 SpreadSheet View 1 2 Configure SpreadSheet View Layout by Dialog The appearance of the table can be defined by a right mouse click in the table and select View gt SpreadSheet Table Layout The dialogue Flower Table View Layout opens and the layout can be config ured In this property grid one can define the abbreviations for angle entity length and radius Background colors for the cells in the Spread Sheet Colors for focus and selection Font colors for modification data standard data Fonts for abso lute value relative value and general Miscellaneous Prefixes Tooltips Visibil ity and XML DES With this button the layout options are shown in a categorized manner A zt This button lists the layout options alphabetically 1 2 2 Abbreviations Under the Abbreviations you can specify abbreviations to angle entity length radius By selecting True the abbreviation will be used instead
108. ever very rarely made use of Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro low spring back rate Con bending areas tend to be cornered Restrictions a bend cannot be folded with this method if the neighbour entities are also bends Characteristics of the Constant Radius Method Inner radius constant Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 6 2 14 2 Constant Length of Neutral Line Method lf used the calculated length of the neutral line remains constant throughout all passes the inner radius is automatically being calculated depending on the unfold ing angle of the bend Material strain is considered during all forming steps No length compensation pieces are created during the unfolding process Optionally straight entities may be folded by using that calibrating method 168 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal Sections Create Unfolding Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro bending areas are not cornered Cons higher spring back rate Characteristics of the Constant Length of Neutral Line Method Inner radius variable Bend angle variable Length of neutral line constant Length compensation no 6 2 14 3 Track holding Method This method is a variant of the constant radius method Just as with the constant radius method the radius remains constant during all forming steps The only dif ference is that the length compensation p
109. fied using abbreviations The option using abbreviations only can be selected if the toggle standard is chosen The issued data are quoted with popular abbreviations see 6 3 160 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal Sections Create Unfolding 6 Create Unfolding With COPRA the design of the forming steps starts from the final section The reason to do so is in fact to be as close as possible at the finally desired result Although there may be small deviations of the actual forming product from the de signed shape this method provides a better result than forming from flat to the final section Of course you can also decide for the other possibility It s up to you COPRA provides both possibilities During interactive unfolding a bend is formed step by step down to flat Each bend selected includes an individual calibrating method and its length compensation pieces They are added as an attribute to each bend from pass no 2 on The final section pass no 1 does not contain these attributes On using different calibrating methods for different bends in previous versions of COPRA it may have happened that the calibrating methods where mixed up in one bend For example one bend was unfolded by the constant radius calibrating method the next bend by the constant length of neutral line method When creat ing the flower step by step the calibrating method had to be changed each time
110. for Overbending Purposes SpreadSheet Layout Dialog SpreadSheet View SpreadSheet View Split Vertical Spring Back Spring Back Calculation Methods Spring Back in Element Compact View Station attributes Station numbering with COPRA Strip Width strip width calculation Strip Width Calculation Strip Width Calculation in Element Compact View 132 166 162 110 87 108 46 144 18 80 115 94 76 17 89 93 80 12 11 120 93 137 14 83 82 109 102 102 103 61 5 114 22 35 100 167 165 87 86 88 98 103 90 11 11 133 104 110 112 115 143 90 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Index T table layout Table Layout Dialog Table Lines and Columns table lines and rows Table View Export take earlier created projects into COPRA RF CADFinder templates text size to define search criteria Toggle Change Type Tooltips U Undo Redo Unfold Entities Dynamically Unfolding Unfolding flower Unfolding via Table update flower Update Flower 7 VDI guideline 3389 Visibility visibility of arcs lines and angles W Window arrangement Write flower to file Z Zero Entities Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 105 87 86 105 91 68 111 108 83 99 88 91 97 161 163 177 161 119 89 50 88 105 90 139 90 data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Am Marschallfeld 17 83626 Valley Germany www datam de August 2
111. ft of the section forming point e Difference between original and current strip width right of the section form ing point e The differences between the strip widths are provided for verification of the changes Listbox lf selection with the crosshairs highlights an entity its geometry data are trans ferred to the edit boxes at the bottom of the window The values can be modified selecting the OK button will make the changes permanent The entities at the sec tion forming point FP are marked with an asterisk Radio Button S Enabled by COPRA if only a straight entity in the list is highlighted A straight en tity can be changed into an arc entity by selecting B and the previous data of the straight are saved If the arc entity is converted back to a straight the previous data will be restored Radio Button B Enabled by COPRA if only an arc entity in the list is highlighted An arc entity can be changed into a straight entity by selecting S and the previous data of the arc are saved If the straight entity is converted back to an arc the previous data will be restored Bend Angle The angle of all entities selected in the list is set to the pre set value Depending on the selected procedure the radii and lengths of the entities will be adjusted or a length compensation is applied This function is especially helpful if for example not the inner radius but the outer radius is used as a basis Inside Radius The
112. fy dimensions and geometries of the section Modify Entity Geometry Modify the vertical position of a flower Move section N Neutral Line Numbering of the different Stations Numbering with Machine numeration of stations O Oehler Optimal column width overview about the operating mode Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 134 120 92 139 139 138 139 101 11 133 60 118 99 118 79 65 78 68 142 121 94 131 121 23 122 135 Pi 132 93 171 137 40 11 106 55 88 60 Index P Pass Data Plane of Unfolding position of the neutral line Prefixes preview of the current design Project Mainfolder Proksa Punching R Reactivate changes red colouration of the text relative Release Mirror Row Remove remove documents from a project Reset commands Reset Modification Data Reverse Profile Direction revisions explanation about the entities and the functionality roll information Roll numbering roll numbers will not be changed rotate Rotate Base Profile Rotate section S Save Save the design data of the current project search Categories search Functions sequential preview of the flower design Set Arcs of Pass Absolute Set Pass Absolute Set Pass Relative Set Root Directory Settings several connected table fields may be copied and inserted at once Shortcuts sizing addition Split Entity Split symmetrical sections Splitting Straights
113. g 4 Total elongation of individual layers depending on the edge elongation ea 38 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Add Material Sizing Addition Fig 5 Bending radii shown at a shaped sheet metal ra outside radius rmo radius of the original centre fibre rm radius of the centre fibre ru radius of the neutral line rg radius of the limit elongation fibre ri inner radius The non lengthened fibre does not coincide with the centre fibre of the curvature This is due to the change in sheet thickness in the bending zone The curves of tensile and compressive yield stress are usually not the same for one material and the influence of lateral strain should not be underestimated The thicker is the sheet and the smaller is the bending radius the more differs the position of the neutral line from the centre fibre The micro graph section of a square edged aluminium sheet shows the actual course of the fibre Fig 6 Micro graph of Al 99 h Because of elongation the external fibre is subject to a smoothing of the curvature so that in the centre of the curvature the external radius of curvature will be supe rior to the one of the lateral zones of curvature Due to compressive stress in the interior of the curvature the margin texture might break down so that one cannot classify it as a useful internal radius of curvature Besides the illustration shows that because of the material shifts the fibres do no l
114. g sizes have been defined as material thickness in the table in mm o1 ose Jio 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 As not all materials are scheduled for major material thickness you may arrange the columns according to radius the lines according to materials and sub ordinate according to material thickness This method has the advantage that new materials can be added at the end of the table and do not have to be inserted into the table at different positions This would even cause alterations to the existing data sequence and would lead to ad ditional tests of the material data already tested Furthermore you may leave out the lines with material thickness values that are not included in the diagrams Thus you avoid unnecessary inflation of the table In order to get a gauge value the programme takes the gauge values for material thickness and bending radius for the material required from the table which are stored in an adjacent position 54 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation according to Oehler By linear interpolation the exact value will be calculated Gaps in the table of val ues will be reserved by a variable symbol a value that will never appear like this in the table This value is pre set to 111 5 Calculation according to Oehler The method of the neutral line according to Oehler is also calculated with a correc tion factor a b straight elements a angle between straig
115. ge The minimum loading capacity is calculated by the minimum moment of inertia and the corresponding maximum distance from the edge This is valid provided that the moments of inertia were calculated in reference to the principal axes system 5 2 6 Maximum Distance from Edge Points of a section with the greatest distance to the reference co ordinate system Together with the moment of inertia it is used for the calculation of the section modulus The section modulus will be at a minimum where the distance from the edge is at a maximum 5 2 7 Radius of Inertia The radius of inertia is equal to the radius of a thin circular ring in which the sur face of a section is being distributed to get the corresponding moment of inertia for that section 5 2 8 Shear Centre Loading a section with a positive lateral force not intersecting the centre of gravity will give rise to transverse strains In reference to the centre of gravity the trans verse loads will cause a torsional moment which may not be neglected for thin walled open sections It will be compensated if the load plane does not intersect the centre of gravity but the shear centre 5 2 9 Vaulting Resistance In addition to normal deflection a section loaded with an axial force will have a spa tially curved and twisted balanced position if the origin of force does intersect the shear centre This will result in additional transverse strains loaded on the section The vaulting res
116. ght by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 15 COPRA Basictools The COPRA Database toolbar 2 3 Save Pass Fy Function Save the current pass in the database The Save DB function saves the module specific data of a pass in the COPRA database 2 4 Delete Pass es cen Function Delete a selection of passes from the database The number of passes deleted will reduce the number of passes The pass num bers following the deleted ones will be reduced by the number of passes deleted lf rolls are already available it is for example possible to delete the tools only W The actual pass number can only be deleted if it was selected 2 5 Append Pass oot Function Append the current pass to the database The number of passes is increased by one Example The number of passes saved in the database is 5 The current pass number 3 is appended to the database The new number of passes is 6 and pass number 6 will be the current one The contents of pass number 3 and 6 are identical 2 6 Insert Pass alo Function Insert the current pass into the database The Insert pass function will insert the data of the current pass as a new pass in the COPRA database The number of passes is increased by one Example The number of passes is 5 The current pass number 4 is inserted as pass number 2 in the database The new number of passes is 6 The new current pass is 2 and is identical to pass number 4 The pass numbers
117. hanging the length of an arc or if an arc is used as a length compensation en tity either the radius or the angle can be adjusted to the new length Angle lf required the angle of an arc entity is adjusted to the new length Radius lf required the radius of an arc entity is adjusted to the new length Length Difference After user defined editing of the section data a difference between the original strip width and the new strip width may occur This difference can be distributed to the entities selected in the list Even The difference is divided by the number of selected entities The resulting value is added to each entity Percentage The difference is distributed as a percentage of the length of the entity A longer entity gets a higher percentage of the total difference and vice versa 136 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF 1 2 2 Move Profile Function Move section This function allows moving a selection of sections by defining reference and tar get points The sections to be moved are displayed in the same colour Optionally additional sections can be displayed which will be listed in a different colour The changes will be automatically saved to the database If only one section was moved it could be saved optionally 1 2 3 Rotate Profile gy Function Rotate section This function allows rotating a section as desired
118. he coil material may be quite high After confirmation of the material additional project information can be entered This information is optional and may be left blank 2 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar Save Compresses and saves the current design data of the COPRA database to the project file When exiting the modules Profile Flower or Rolls the project file may be updated automatically by appropriate selection X This function can also be used outside the Project Manager by selecting the Save current Project option from the pull down menu Modify Project name and project directory can be modified Copy Copies an existing project to another directory which can be selected Remove Removes the highlighted project name from the project list The project data it self are not removed from the hard disk A project that has been removed from the project list can be reloaded by using the lt more gt button see lt more gt Info Information about the highlighted project will be displayed and can be changed if necessary In the headline of the box selected Project name Project path Pro ject file and Material are shown The additional information shown can be modi fied and customised The material Thickness entered is the one used when de signing a new section Customer Product Drawing Number Design Date De signer and Comment can be entered optionally
119. he column header the toolbar Entity 8 Split entity An entity may be splitted in multiple individual entities with any length The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu ofthe in the table view selected cell the toolbar Entity In the belonging dialogue Split entity an entity may be split in a maximum of 10 sub entities For each new entity the length may be defined relative in left edit box or absolute right edit box in reference to the original length depending on the percent button button in the centre The entity marked with a red arrow is the length compensation entity This value cannot be changed as it is calculated automatically in a way that the total length of the individual entities is equal to the length of the original entity Any entity can be defined as length compensation entity by picking in the first row in the table Use the Delete button to completely remove the entity splitting The entities created with the split command will be marked in the table at the top left corner of the edit box with the character in the colour cyan Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 117 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Edit entity splitting 9 Edit entity splitting Ts The current entity splitting is editable and can be modified at a later stage The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the in the tab
120. he command can be called via the menu View the contextmneu of the columnheaders This command can be called several times in sequence 1 4 Show Columns Shows all previously hidden columns The command can be called via the menu View the contextmneu of the columnheaders 1 5 Hide Rows This command hides the in the table view selected rows To select a row click on the first or second column in the table view By dragging the mouse with pressed mousebutton several connected rows will be selected By pressing the key Ctrl and simultaneously clicking on a row header several not connected rows can be selected The command can be called via the menu View the contextmneu of the columnheaders This command can be called several times in sequence 1 6 Show Rows Shows all previously hidden rows The command can be called via the menu View the contextmneu of the columnheaders Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 107 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Preview 2 Preview Shows a preview of the current design Depending on the selected settings the current cross section additional selected sections the complete flower the entity numbers the section folding point and the centre point of gravity can be displayed Preview Layout With the command Options gt Preview Layout in the pulldown menu the display of all objects like colours text size flow
121. he existing version of COPRA within the new model After some months of development we discovered we had Opened a can of worms Things that can easily be done in a non parametric model simply were impossible in the parametric model The biggest challenge in the development of the integrated COPRA RF SpreadSheet now was to adapt the parametric model in a way that it allows the user to do the same things as the non parametric model It should cover the best of both worlds the comfortable possibilities of parametric changes combined with the freedom of design Today we know we had underestimated the effort required resulting in the development of this version taking much longer than originally planned but we have finally met the target During the subsequent and thorough evaluation period we have ensured that the possibilities of the designer are in no way restricted by the new kernel There are a few minor limitations but this will in no way effect the COPRA RF workflow Naturally we have also taken into account that our customers will need to continue with their day to day business For that reason COPRA RF still includes the Classic method of Flower and Roll Design This enables the user to start a new Parametric project to investigate the potential with this workflow should it become clear that further experience is required with the parametric model before being able to continue then you can s
122. he just registered document there fore appears in all projects which are linked to the mentioned document number In the lower area the document to be linked to the COPRA RF CADFinder can be defined via a choice dialogue and the desired destination path may be fixed for the COPRA RF CADFinder document This destination path is automatically preset on the project path After confirming with OK a dialogue appears in which attributes for the file can be defined These attributes may already be predefined by the attributes of the superior project Additional possibilities to link documents to COPRA RF CAD Finder can be found in chapter 5 1 7 Title block data Title block data Document no Sheet name General Second Name Company Profile Number Profdrawingno Material Material Material Norm Material Version Strip Quality Allowances Allowance Allowance 2 COPRA Sheet Thickness Weig NC Code Name Boresheet File lt data M Sheet Metol Fig 8 Dialogue Title block data 66 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 8 The command Im Export This command is used to import Export CPE CRE or Spreadsheet files further it is possible to import COPRA projects via CPM files or COPRA main directories from old COPRA versions Ea New project yg Create COPRAR Projekt Create classic COPRAG Pro
123. he new entity All other entities in the table will converted to blank entities the respective entity columns will be disabled and marked with In the previous sections these blank entities are also inserted to maintain the consistency of the table In the table the joined entities will be marked with a cyan character in the upper left corner Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 99 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Edit Entities 2 2 Delete Entity Joining joining of multiple entities can be removed again The command is available via the context menu and the toolbar and only if a joined element is selected in the table Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar 2 3 Split Entity An entity may be spitted in multiple individual entities with any length The command is available via the context menu and the toolbar In the belonging dialogue Split entity an entity may be split in a maximum of 10 sub entities For each new entity the length may be defined relative in left edit box or absolute right edit box in reference to the original length depending on the percent button button in the centre The entity marked with a red arrow is the length compensation entity This value cannot be changed as it is calculated automatically in a way that the total length of the
124. heel or via the hotkey Shift CTRL Left mouse key 4 3 Window Filling Display The current profile display within a window may be window filing displayed via the command Right mouse key Zoom Limits or the hotkey F5 5 Zero Entities In some cases it may happen that zero entities appear within a table caused by specific modifications during flower design Zero entities are necessary for consis tently displaying the table representation of the forming sequence A zero entity is just a place holder for an entity that either did exist before the current profile sec tion or an entity that will be created following the current profile section Joining or dividing entities is a typical case for appearance of zero entities A place holder zero entity shaped will be created during dividing When joining entities a place holder will be created for the no longer existing entities in the following pro file sections A zero entity can not be modified Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 125 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone DXF Format Import Export DXF and CPE COPRA RF export format are available 1 DXF Format A dialogue with DXF export options appears when exporting to DXF format Here the arrangement of passes vertically horizontally distance as well as the layer names and colours for the single components contour delimiters unfolding planes pass number may be modified Please note that the sheet thickness
125. here As soon as the dialogue is confirmed with OK the creation of a new project is finished and the new project appears in the COPRA RF project manager 4 2 4 The command Create COPRA project This command enables the user to create a new working project under any exist ing project folder the Create COPRA project is also called as the parametric project which enables to work on the Spread Sheet and GUI interface simultane Ously The parametric COPRA project will be displayed with the symbol at Create new project Erstellungsdatum 7 1 2011 10 14 32 Project path D Projects 2011 Customer1 Trial_2 DG_COPR4 Templates File For roll attributes D Projects 2011 COPRA4 SETIMM ATTidatam cda SpreadSheet template file C program files copra2011 SpreadSheet templates mm standard rft Fig Dialogue to create a new project 64 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder The above Fig is almost similar to the Fig 6 but the only difference is that in the 6 line of the window where the path of the file roll attributes will be displayed and in the 7 line the path of the file Spread Sheet template will be displayed 4 2 5 The command Create classic COPRA project This command enables the user to create a new working project under any exist ing project folder the Create classic COPRA project is als
126. hese reflections will lead to an inconsistent alteration of material thickness within the transition zone between straight and arc elements Nevertheless this approach should be maintained provided the following points are taken into consideration It is known from studies that the material thickness s of bending areas reaches its minimum at the vertex of the curve and will only reach the original material thick ness So far out at the adjacent side We can assume that the surfaces between the real and the imaginary course of the external borderline have the same dimen sion at each side of the transition in question See also Fig 13 Fig 9 Transition from straight to arc Thus the transverse strain may be still defined on the basis of volume retention The method according to S B proceeds slightly different in detail lt approaches the arc elements with straight elements following certain rules In combination with further gauge values depending on the bending angle one ob tains the production width necessary for the arc element Using the S B method the coil stock width for a profile results from the total of the defined production widths for arc and straight elements 42 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation with German Standard DIN 6935 Available Methods in COPRA 1 Calculation with German Standard DIN 6935 The German standard DIN 6935 on cold forming to shape includes a gauge factor K whi
127. ht elements fi inside radius S material thickness Il a S Cut length L a ri b g at E The factor will be determined from the graph in Fig 8 19 depended on rm s with Fm ri 0 5 5 Y The angle for calculation according to Oehler must be between a 150 and a 30 DIN 69 25 M hel Oehler Correction Factor E Fig 20 Determination of the factor a from the relation of Fm S according to Oehler Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 55 Strip Width Standard Formula 6 Standard Formula Using the calculation method according to standard formula you can define the position of the neutral line by the input of a factor 0 lt Factor lt 0 5 Fig 21 Position of the neutral line 7 Table Background of this calculation is a table containing correction factors for bends depending on the ratio inner radius material thickness Rj Sg and the bending an gle Individual companies may have tables for the calculation of the neutral line The correction factors have been found by years of experience and therefore may match the way processes are undertaken on the shop floor lt is possible to modify the values in the table Select the from Table function and Table option to get a list of the current settings The values shipped with COPRA are coming from the DIN 6935 calculation and can be individually ad justed according to the company specific experience 8 Bead Meth
128. i oe E aa Ea S e am mI ta a PANY COPRA RF 2011 Solutions COPRA Basictools COPRA CADFinder COPRA SpreadSheet 2011 COPRA SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone COPRA M1 M2 Open Sections amp Closed Sections amp Trapezoidal Sections data M Sheet Metal Copyright data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Unlawful reproduction in any way of this manual and its contents is strictly prohibited data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH makes no warranty either expressed or implied regarding these materials and makes these materials available solely on an As is basis In no event shall data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH be liable to anyone for special collateral incidental or consequential damages in connection with the use of the materials provided The sole liability to data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH shall not exceed the purchase price of the materials described here in Information in the manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the vendor The software described in this manual is furnished under a license agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement Disclaimer data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH This document contains the information about the steps involved in using the functionalities icons present in the software COPRA RF 2011 The objective of this document is to
129. icient using the values of bending radius thickness of work piece and material as the gauge factor x is a function of these three values and no other parameter appears 52 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 lf the material is in addition compressed in the bending area you will have to con sider the stretching stress for each zone of shaping In practical life the following deduction values K proved useful which were included as a table in the VDI guidelines Thickness of work piece s in mm K in mm 250 POEPT a 0 1 gt 1 lt 2 gt 1 lt 2 0 15 gt 2 lt 4 gt 2 lt 4 L 1 l x K Regarding the bending programme this factor k has to be considered as well for the coefficient of the position of the neutral line The geometrical reforming of the value of deduction will lead to a new coefficient coeff By inserting Xx x K in the equation of the coefficient you will have the following result for the new co efficient a T Eoeff Koeff Koeff 2i 4 1 Creating a Data Table of Gauge Factors Calculating the coefficient of a position of the neutral fibre is an independent pro gramme and thus has to transmit the following variables o internal radius of curvature e thickness of work piece material For flat steels according to DIN 6935 the coefficient can directly be calculated with the formula Gauge values for the length calculation we
130. idth calculation method 129 3 3 Plane of unfolding 129 3 4 Unfolding the profile creating the flower 129 3 5 Downhill forming 129 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 130 1 Profile Design with COPRA RF 130 1 1 The Create Profile toolbar 130 1 1 1 Create Sections or add Entities 130 1 1 2 Add Entities to the Beginning 131 1 1 3 Mirror Profile 131 1 1 4 Centre 131 1 1 5 Delete one Entity 131 1 1 6 Delete a Sequence of Entities 131 1 1 7 Delete Current Section 132 1 2 The Profile Utilities toolbar 132 1 2 1 Edit Profile Section 132 1 2 2 Move Profile 137 1 2 3 Rotate Profile 137 1 2 4 Split Entity 137 1 2 5 Join Entities 137 1 2 6 Join All Entities 138 1 2 7 Same Number of Entities for 2 Profiles 138 1 3 The Profil Utils toolbar 138 1 3 1 Write Part of Profile to File 138 1 3 2 Read Part of a Profile from File 138 1 3 3 Write a Sequence of Passes to File 139 1 3 4 Read a Sequence of Passes into Flower 139 1 3 5 Material thickness 139 1 4 Crimps and craws 140 1 4 1 Creating Crimps craws 140 1 4 2 Delete Crimps Craws 141 2 Profile of AutoCAD 141 3 Strio Width Calculation 143 4 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 144 4 1 The Flat Pattern Toolbar 144 4 1 1 Create 2D Flat Pattern 144 4 1 2 Save flat pattern 144 4 1 3 Delete Flat pattern 144 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH IX Table of Contents 4 1 4 Move Flat Pattern 145 4 2 The 3D model Toolbar 146 4 2 1 Create Update 3D flat pattern model
131. ieces are not defined by the user but cal culated by COPRA Calculation results in a constant intersection point of the in ner line of inner and outer leg This calculation method is only valid for bending angles between 1 and 90 Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro high accuracy of dimensions Con difficult machine set up Characteristics of the Constant Length of the Track holding Method Inner radius constant Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 6 2 14 4 Angle Radius Method It may be necessary to not only modify the angle of a bend but also the inner ra dius Examples are Dutch bends with a bend angle of 180 and an inner radius of Omm For a proper layout of this area it is necessary to find the correct pre shape For example it would not be possible to start forming from flat with an inner radius of Omm When modifying the angle as well as the inner radius the length of neutral line has to be recalculated When working with version 12c4 of COPRA or higher the applied strip width calculation method is added as an attribute to the bend Thus it is possible to recalculate the length of neutral line for the bend with the same conditions When working with a database created with version 12c3 or lower the strip width calculation method is not an attribute added to the bend In this case the user has to take care of using the correct strip width calculation method The leng
132. ification Data will show the data of the cell which has the focus The necessary changes can be applied 3 1 Button Flower is up to date or Update Flower lf no changes have applied in the modification window the button will show Flower is up to date If any changes have been made the text changes to Up date Flower A click on the button will apply the changes and update the flower ls more than one entity affected by the changes the dialogue Selective Update appears Here you can specify which data will be applied to which entities If you click the Cancel button the update process will be aborted and the changed modification data are still shown in the dialogue 114 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Delete modification data of an entity 3 2 Button Reset All changes made will be discarded and reset in the previous condition 3 3 Values Depending on current entity and calibration method the modification data for an gle inside radius and length can be defined here The values entered can be rela tive or absolute The values have prefixes according to the settings made in Op tions gt Spreadsheet Table Layout gt Colors and Prefixes The Defaults are for relative values and for absolute values Relative means that the value entered e g minus 30 degree will be subtracted from a bend angle of e g 90 deg
133. ification data The modifi cation data are applied to the current section resulting in a new cross section pass 1 Create Edit Modification Data 1 1 Create modification data for an entity Adding modification data to an entity can be done by 3 ways By double clicking in a cell of the flower part of the SpreadSheet View the Orange edit box appears entering a value and commit the value with RE TURN By navigating to the desired cell in the SpreadSheet View with the arrow keys and pressing the space bar the orange edit box appears entering a value and commit the value with RETURN By clicking the button _ in the Element compact view The necessary controls will be enabled Enter the desired modification and commit the modification with the button Whether a cell in the SpreadSheet View or in entity table of the Element compact view is editable or not depends on the entity type straight or bend and the calibration method set CAUTION If the strip width calculation method is changed in a pass this usually results in a strip width modification This modification is shown in the 2 column of the 2 row of the pass in a red colour The strip width remains changed in all fol lowing stations 1 2 Edit modification data of an entity The modification data of an entity can be changed by 2 ways By double clicking in a cell of the flower part of the SpreadSheet View the Orang
134. iles According to literature this method obtained very good calculation results for angle and U profiles In accordance with the methods explained the coil stock width results from the difference between unfolding of finished profile and total of all Ab values 4 Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 The VDI guideline 3389 page 3 deals with forming under bending conditions by wedge shaped tool with 90 The indications of the document are especially des tined to meet with high demands of 90 wedge shaped bending and to forward tested standard values to practise Those standard values were derived from re sults of long term statistical interpretation The deviations of bent pieces caused by unequal quality within one kind of material can be neglected in practical life Since each curvature is treated separately by the bending programme it is suffi cient to take V bending into account disregarding e g U shaping since the pro gramme interprets both curvatures as two V curvatures Due to material strain during shaping the non lengthened fibre is placed in a posi tion which is not coaxial to the bending radius Since the position cannot be de fined in geometrical terms and thus is of no use in determining the stretched length the gauge factors for bending angles of 90 have been determined by trial and error by bending tests 50 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 They
135. imply convert the Parametric project into a Classic project and continue as normal Remember new projects can still also be started as Classic project right from the beginning With this method the workflow is the one the designer is already familiar with Finally we want to thank all our customers for their confidence and faithfulness during all these years The COPRA RF Software as it is today is not only the result of many years of development but also the result of the feedback we have received from our valued customers Of course we hope that this version matches your expectations and would of course appreciate your feedback Valley 01 08 201 1 The data M team Table of Contents Table of Contents COPRA Basictools 1 The COPRA toolbar 1 1 Starting COPRA 1 2 Project Manager Please do no longer use 1 2 2 Dialogue box Project Manager 3 The Base Functions toolbar Settings Material Choice 4 Station Attributes 5 Roll numbering 6 COPRA Zoom on off 7 Create Project Slide 8 Save current Project 9 1 1 1 1 h w N Reload current Project 0 Erase COPRA Database 1 Erase Screen 2 Create COPRA Polyline 3 COPRA Screen Menu 2 The COPRA Database toolbar 2 1 View Flower 2 2 Get Pass 2 3 save Pass 2 4 Delete Pass es 2 5 Append Pass 2 6 Insert Pass 2 Fade in Profile 2 8 Fade in Rolls 3 The COPRA Utils toolbar 3 1 COPRA Copy
136. in COPRA RF SpreadSheet lf a parametric COPRA project is opened the table view window opens automati cally If the Element Compact View is not visible it can be opened up by clicking the icon described above The table view docked to the bottom of the main window and the compact view floating is an approved arrangement of the SpreadSheet views If there is more than one monitor available it might also be helpful to drag the table view onto the separate monitor For more information about how to arrange dock and hide AutoCAD palette win dows please refer to the AutoCAD help 4 Zero Entities In some cases it may happen that zero entities appear within a table caused by specific modifications during flower design Zero entities are necessary for consis tently displaying the table representation of the forming sequence A zero entity is just a place holder for an entity that either did exist before the current profile sec tion or an entity that will be created following the current profile section Joining or dividing entities is a typical case for appearance of zero entities A place holder zero entity shaped will be created during dividing When joining entities a place holder will be created for the no longer existing entities in the following pro file sections A zero entity can not be modified 90 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Zero Entities Table View Export This command exports
137. in the roll construction In COPRA RF 2007 the objects are drawn in AutoCAD and positioned in the end profile at the accordingly position All stampings of this are automatically taken in the flower that the roll construction can follow accordingly 1 4 1 Creating Crimps craws Crimps claws Z eX T4 creating crimps A crimp craw can be created via the Icon vA create The COPRA Layer are blocked while creating Draw a crimp in AutoCAD and insert this one at your end profile Click on the symbol 8 save and choose then the datum reference 140 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile of AutoCAD Now in all passes the crimp is available on the profile 1 4 2 Delete Crimps Craws x delete crimps Via the icon xi delete the chosen crimp can be deleted Via the icon 9 delete all all existing crimps craws can be deleted 2 Profile of AutoCAD LAL Function Creating a profile by AutoCAD polyline The first step when designing a new roll set is the definition of the final section shape This can either be done with the COPRA Profile Module or by designing the section with the help of the CAD system The handling is very easy The final shape of the section is designed and drawn with CAD functions For the conver sion of the shape from a CAD drawing to a COPRA section the CAD Profile Module has to be loaded and th
138. individual entities is equal to the length of the original entity Any entity can be defined as length compensation entity by picking in the first row in the table Use the Delete button to completely remove the entity splitting The entities created with the split command will be marked in the table at the top left corner of the edit box with the character in the colour cyan Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar 2 4 Delete Entity Splitting An entity splitting can also be removed The command is available via the context menu and the toolbar and only if a split ted entity is selected in the table a Available in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar 100 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Passes 3 Create Edit Passes 3 1 Insert Pass anit This command allows inserting a pass before an existing one Available Bs in the context menu of the row headers passes in the toolbar 3 2 Delete Pass This command allows deleting any pass having been created by entering respec tive unfolding data Available Bs in the context menu of the row headers passes in the toolbar 3 3 Define Point of Unfolding It is possible to define a point of unfolding for each individual pass The point of unfolding splits a section in two parts During the unfolding of an
139. ine is the reference for sheet thickness Contour Line The contour line is the reference for sheet thickness Centre of Gravity in 0 0 lf toggle is crossed the centre of gravity of the section will be moved to the point 0 0 after the conversion of the polyline If there is already a section saved in the COPRA database which has not been removed when loading the program a dialogue box comes up offering various op tions Append The converted section will be appended to the database If one pass was existing the new section will be saved as pass no 2 Overwrite The current pass which is pass 1 will be overwritten with the converted contour Insert The converted section can be inserted in the COPRA database The respective pass number has to be user defined The definition can be done in an extra dia logue box No The converted section will not be saved in the COPRA database 142 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Strip Width Calculation 3 Strip Width Calculation at Function Calculation of theoretical strip width The strip width calculation takes into account the stretching of the material during the forming process The inside radius of the material will be compressed and the outside radius will be stretched The neutral line of the material moves towards the inside of the radius during being bent This causes the length of the geometric centre line t
140. ing this command will open the current revision of the selected document for inspection i e write protected Modifications made can not be saved 5 1 3 2 The submenu Delete This command allows deleting single or multiple documents At this all revisions that are linked to the document will be deleted in COPRA RF CADFinder as well as physically from the connected volume Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 75 COPRA RF CADFinder Documents in COPRA RF CADFinder 5 1 3 3 The submenu Remove With this command documents can be removed from a project all documents with the current document number At this only the links of the document number to the current project will be deleted see Fig 2 The respective files are still available on the hard disk or any other media you saved them to and the links to other pro jects persist A warning will come up if a document that is exclusively linked to the current project should be deleted because in this case the Remove command would permanently remove the document This is to avoid that files are still on the hard disc that are not linked to any project There would be no possibility to find these files again with CADFinder but of course they would require some disk Space in storage 5 1 3 4 The submenu Print Files of the most popular file formats like MS Office dwg dxf or any other file of an application that enables shell printing ability can dir
141. ion is at entity no 1 The entity picked first when writing the part of profile will be added to entity no 1 as the first one 138 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Option 2 E insert Part of Profile at the End of the Section Entering the option E causes the part of profile to be added to the end of the sec tion The end of the section is at the entity with the highest number The entity picked first when writing the part of profile will be added to that entity as the first one Option 3 G insert Part of Profile ata Location picked by Crosshairs Entering the option G causes the part of profile to be added at a position picked by crosshairs The part of profile will be added before the entity picked by the cross hairs The entity picked first when writing the part of profile will be added to that entity as the first one Option 4 N insert Part of Profile at a Location defined by an Entity Number Entering the option N causes the part of profile to be added at a position defined by an entity number The part of profile will be added before the entity number en tered The entity picked first when writing the part of profile will be added to that entity as the first one 1 3 3 Write a Sequence of Passes to File ine Function Write flower to file This function allows saving a flower or part of a flower to a file 1 3 4 Read a Sequence of Pa
142. ion to material thickness he uses S S as a function of the specific internal radius R ds _ S e 1 dR s R e 1 2 with Ask e yp 1405 S 1 0 5 7 it is valid y a curvature 2 R 5S k K material factor 2 ky ky coefficient of hardening ko yield point in shear The solution of this non linear differential equation of first order is only possible with the numerical method of approximation Here we chose the method of Runge Kutta For plane metal condition before shaping the value for the specific inner radius R r S approaches the infinite set As there is no constriction the specific sheet thickness 1 0 For practical calculation R has to be chosen high enough to be able to define a problem of initial value In this application the values have been set in the following way independent variable R 10 0 dependent variable S 1 0 46 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Algorithm according to Proksa The choice we made for the specific inner radius R is in any case sufficient be cause even calculations with a much higher initial value for R confirm our choice In order to proceed to a numerical solution we use an initial step of 1 0 which will be commanded variably during the calculation programme so as to reduce the er ror to a minimum The solution range of the differential equation is also limited by the abscissa value R 0 01 to the amount of values relevan
143. ional information see AutoCAD Help 1 7 Surftab surftab2 Mesh density in axis direction For additional information see AutoCAD Help Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 31 Navigation 2 Navigation 2 1 Classic project The navigation is basically the same than in 2d mode 2 2 Parametric project The navigation is basically the same than in 2d mode except navigation by Ta bleView The difference to 2D Mode is as follows s 7 50 1 Entity a 6 Pass 149 29 10 98 O O a S Passi 14929 L O o o ee S O F rent pass In 3D Mode no gaps are possible that means you would see the 3D model for pass 1 to pass 8 32 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Calibration method Constant Radius Method Calibration method The calibration method depends on the section to be formed In practice the cali bration methods constant length of neutral line or constant radius are the most common ones However some roll forming processes require more advanced methods 1 Constant Radius Method By the term legs we understand the unbent neighbour entities When unfolding starts from the final section this process is inverted the material may be distrib uted to the inner the outer or to both legs The default distribution of the length compensation pieces is 50 to the outer leg and 50 to the inner leg The inner leg is the leg which is closer to the section forming point The le
144. is command allows modifying or completing the title block information with the Edit function for editing the document attributes Template data On the other hand allows the second point fill that the template of the docu ment is filled with the attributes from COPRA RF CADFinder Therefore the file needs to be opened in AutoCAD If it is actually not active it will be set active The function does not work on non AutoCAD drawings Change attribute Title block data Document no ransmission data M Sheet Metol Solutions Change Fig 31 Dialogue for entering document attributes Template data The attributes may be changed by a click in the second column of the list 5 1 8 The menu item Copy This command allows to copy highlighted documents into the Windows clipboard They may later be inserted in Windows explorer or in COPRA RF CADFinder at a different position 5 1 9 The menu item Paste Using this function files copied with the function Copy may be inserted into the current COPRA CADFinder project Thereby an actual copy of the document will be created Dialogues for entering a document number and the document attrib utes will appear All files from the clipboard will be taken over as documents sheets of the current document number into COPRA CADFinder 5 1 10 The menu item Link to file A file maybe linked to COPRA CADFinder while the original docum
145. istance is a measure for the impediment of the warpage It can be used to calculate loads composed of torsion and axial loads 5 2 10 Principal Axes Angle The principal axes angle depends on the surface distribution of a section e Referring to the principal axes angle the geometrical moments of inertia are minimum and maximum extreme values while the deviation or centrifugal mo ment disappears e Referring to the principal axes angle the transverse strains are zero 158 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 5 3 Abbreviation Statics Xx All abbreviations are taken from the Dubbel Taschenbuch f r den Maschi nenbau a standard mechanical engineering textbook in Germany 5 3 1 COPRA Calculated Values Surface Own weight A Q Co ordinate of centre of gravity Ys Zs Moment of principal axes Section Modulus ly lz Wy W 5 3 2 Max Distance from the Edge Radius of inertia Shear centre Angle of principal axes Torsional moment Vaulting resistance 5 3 3 Boundary Conditions Length of Profile Normal Force Lateral Force Shear Force Moment of flexion Angle of torsion Torsional Moment 5 4 Formulas iy iz YM ZM 0D Wi Cm x All abbreviations are taken from the Dubbel Taschenbuch f r den Maschi nenbau a standard mechanical engineering textbook in Germany Tensile Load and Compression Stress Tension Deformation work
146. it under a different main project folder 4 2 11 The command Paste Using this command the copied project can be pasted under a main project folder as per the requirement 4 2 12 The command Delete With this command an existing project can be deleted ATTENTION Please be aware that all documents exclusively assigned to this project will also be deleted also physically i e on the hard disk Documents linked to more than one project will not be removed In addition a project can not be deleted if any of its documents is set to an other workflow status than Released A warning appears if a document is not released and the command will be cancelled 70 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 13 The command Miscellaneous Under this command the Spread sheet templates CadFinder options Database options Set root directory can be defined La New project ya Create COPRAR Projekt E Create classic COPRAG Project New document Im Export Convert Copy Paste Delete Miscellaneous Spreadsheet Templates Properties CadFinder Options Database Options Set Root Directory Fig 11 Dialogue Miscellaneous 4 2 13 1 The command Spread sheet templates Using this command the strip width calculation and calibration method can be set for the design in Spread sheet After clicking on the dialog Spread sheet templates
147. ith Angle Radius Calibrating Method 164 6 2 5 Bending Straights 165 6 2 6 Splitting Straights for Over bending Purposes 165 6 2 7 Automatic Unfolding 165 6 2 8 Execute Unfolding 166 6 2 9 Dynamic Flower 166 X Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 6 2 10 Dynamic Unfolding 6 2 11 Dynamic Folding 6 2 12 Plane of Unfolding 6 2 13 Symmetrical Profiles 6 2 14 Calibrate 6 2 14 1 Constant Radius Method 6 2 14 2 Constant Length of Neutral Line Method 6 2 14 3 Track holding Method 6 2 14 4 Angle Radius Method 6 2 14 5 Power Bending Method 6 2 15 Reference Point 6 3 Adapt Flower 7 COPRA Trapezoidal Sections 7 1 Manufacturing Problems 7 2 Profile Design 7 3 Bending Sequence Trapezoid 7 3 1 Run a Bending Sequence 7 4 Unfolding Flower 7 5 Outline Wire Model 7 6 Strip Edge 7 Tangential Transition Index Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 167 167 167 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 171 172 173 173 174 175 176 177 178 178 179 181 XI COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar COPRA Basictools 1 The COPRA toolbar COPRA er BeBhaks In the COPRA toolbar the following functions are involved X The icons containing a small black triangle in the lower right corner can be expanded with a click of the left mouse key so that additional information will be available 1 1 Starting COPRA g Function Initialise
148. ject New document Irni Expork Import COPRA Spreadsheet Export TOPRA Spreadsheet Convert Import CPE CRE Copy Export CPE CRE import COPRAR CPM File Delete oe import COPRAG main directory Miscellaneous eI Properties Fig 9 Dialogue Im Export Under the dialog Im Export there are options such as Import COPRA Spread sheet Export COPRA Spreadsheet Import CPE CRE import COPRA CPM file import COPRA main directory 4 2 8 1 The command Import COPRA Spreadsheet Using this command the design can be imported to COPRA from a COPRA Spread Sheet file by selecting the design file from the desired path 4 2 8 2 The command Export COPRA Spreadsheet Using this command the design carried out in COPRA can be exported for fur ther use in COPRA SpreadSheet Standalone Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 67 COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 8 3 The command Import CPE CRE Using this command CPE CRE files can be imported 4 2 8 4 The command Export CPE CRE Using this command CPE CRE files can be exported 4 2 8 5 The command Import COPRA CPM file This command allows binding a COPRA project created with an earlier COPRA RF version into the structure of the new COPRA RF CADFinder project manager When using the command a dialogue for file selection is being opened in which the path and the required com file may
149. ject_1 Created by Erstellungsdatum Pavan 6 29 2011 1 33 54 Project path D Projects 2011 Customer4 Testproject_1 Fig 6 Dialogue to create a new project Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 63 COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder In the first line of the dialogue the name of the project is entered in the second line the project comment can be specified in the third line the document number and prefix can be specified in the fourth line the projected created by and the date of creation will be displayed Path is shown consisting of the following parts in the default setting This path can be changed at any time by using the file selection button next to it so that it has no problem if individual projects can be found in different directories or even disk drives but especially in multi user environments be sure to point only to locations where all of the other COPRA users have access too The path being shown after defining a project name is only a suggestion if the suggestion is accepted the structure on the hard disk in the COPRA RF CAD Finder root directory and the project structure in COPRA RF CADFinder will be the same In the right side of the Create new project window the additional attributes can be defined which can later be used as default values for documents saved in this pro ject In addition data required by COPRA projects may be defined
150. kflow states 58 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder The COPRA RF CADFinder Project Manager 2 The COPRA RF CADFinder Project Manager ES CadFinderDe I m customer E 4 OpenSection HA Assembly plan F General EC Fro 4E Usermanualz a E Customer Sl ye Document Sheet No Document title Latest Rev Workflow by Created by Wh customerdata 11 001 Project doc Processing Pawan Pavan H Customerdata W usermanuals E a Cutomers W Spreadsheet 55 Fig 22 The COPRA RF CADFinder Project manager We will give you a general explanation about the COPRA RF CADFinder Project Manager for a better understanding of the working principle of the system This way the basic principle of use can be easily explained The structure view shows like the Microsoft Windows Explorer on the left the pro ject structure not the directory On the right part of the view the documents be longing to the respective projects are shown The available projects are shown on the left side in project view They may have any number of subprojects in any depth Base projects here Customer1 and Customer2 and Customer3 can be created under the CADFinderDB It is not possible to save documents in these projects This is only possible in the next level here eg customer data The icons next to the projects indicate the type of a pro ject blue icons are the base element
151. later inserted stations Please refer to station attributes point 1 3 2 1 3 6 COPRA Zoom on off Function Switches the automatic COPRA Zoom on or off 1 3 7 Create Project Slide 5 Function Exchange automatically created project slide by customised one After the Strip Width Calculation a project slide is automatically being created showing the final section in the preview of the COPRA Project Manager With the Create Project Slide function this project slide can be replaced by a user defined one The content of the screen is independent of any restrictions It may be the flower a 3D wire frame model or even a roll form simulation picture including the rolls X In case it should not be possible to create a project slide check whether the project name contains a dot Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 13 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar 1 3 8 Save current Project gt Function Save the design data of the current project All design data of the current project can be saved in a project file Project files have the extension CPM COPRA Project Manager The contents are the same as in Archive files Opposite to the Archive module the user does not have to enter a filename The filename is put together automatically from the project name The Project file should not be used to replace the Archive files With the Archive files a history of the design process can be created In
152. le view selected cell the toolbar Entity 10 Remove entity split A na An entity split can also be removed The command is only available if an actual entity split is present The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the in the table view selected cell the toolbar Entity 11 Join entities Crd Multiple entities with the same characteristic e g straight straight can be joined to one entity The command is only available if multiple adjacent entities are high lighted The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu ofthe in the table view selected cells the toolbar Entity These modifications are not available in the base profile please make sure that you are working in one of the following passes e g pass no 2 Only adjacent entities of the same type can be joined The first entity of the entities to be joined will be the new entity All other entities in the table will converted to blank entities the respective lines will be disabled and marked with In the previous sections these blank entities are also inserted to maintain the consistency of the table In the table the joined entities will be marked with a cyan character in the upper left corner 12 Delete entity joining Es The joining of multiple entities can be removed again The command is only avail able when a joining of multiple entities is availa
153. lling this command shows the dialogue Replace Stripwidthcalculation With the settings in this dialogue it is possible to replace stripwidth calculation methods over the complete flower There are the options to a replace methods only in the baseprofle b replace methods in the base profile and to delete methods in the flower set by the user c to replace methods in the complete flower You can define if a all methods should be replaced or b only a specific one It is also possible to set the new method as the template method And a new method can be defined Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 123 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Window arrangement in COPRA RF SpreadSheet General 1 Window arrangement in COPRA RF SpreadSheet The windows Spreadsheet view Preview Flower Sequence Modification data and Project data of COPRA RF SpreadSheet can be arranged as desired e View windows can be floating or docked means connected to the main ap plication window To drag a view window click on the titlebar keep the mouse button pressed and move the mouse An adumbrated frame of the view will follow the mouse Several view windows can be integrated in one frame To display a view in a frame click on the corresponding tab e To insert a view into a frame drag it onto the titlebar of the view where it should be inserted until an adumbrated tab appears at the bottom e To extract a view from
154. logue for selecting a directory appears The selected Directory is the place where the templates will be saved 2 Create a new Template Select File gt Templates from the main menu The Template dialogue ap pears Click the button New to create a new SpreadSheet template 2 1 Define strip width calculation select an available strip width calculation method from the respective list The fol lowing strip width calculation methods are available J DIN e Proksa Bogojawlenskij VDI Oehler e Standard neutral line Table User defined Bead Method A description of the individual calculation methods can be found in the chapter Strip Width Calculation e Position of the neutral line if Standard neutral line is selected the position of the neutral line needs to be defined e Factor if Proksa is selected the respective factor needs to be defined e Fixed length if User defined is selected the fixed length needs to be de fined e Oehler Table if Oehler is selected the respective Oehler Table needs to be defined e Machine table if Table is selected a Machine table needs to be defined 110 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Open Template 2 2 Define calibration method select a calibration method from the available list A description of the individual methods can be found in the chapter Calibration Methods
155. ly Close Delete Entity Modify Entity Geometry Rotate Base Profile Reverse Profile Direction Mirror Row Flower Release Mirror Row Flip Profile Horizontal 9 Flip Profile Vertical 10 Change Thickness 11 Change Default Strip Width Calculation 12 Change Default Calibration Method Create Flower Create Edit Modification Data Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Table of Contents 1 1 Create modification data for an entity 96 1 2 Edit modification data of an entity 96 1 3 Copy and paste modification data 97 1 4 Delete Modification Data 97 1 5 Unfold Entities Dynamically 97 1 6 Create Bend Sequence 98 1 7 Create Spring Back 98 1 8 Toggle Change Type 99 2 Edit Entities 99 2 1 Join Entity 99 2 2 Delete Entity Joining 100 2 3 Split Entity 100 2 4 Delete Entity Splitting 100 3 Create Edit Passes 101 3 1 Insert Pass 101 3 2 Delete Pass 101 3 3 Define Point of Unfolding 101 3 4 Delete Point of Unfolding 102 3 5 Set Arcs of Pass Absolute 102 3 6 Set Pass Absolute 102 3 7 Set Pass Relative 103 3 8 Convert Change Values to Absolute 103 3 9 Convert Change Values to Relative 103 Spring Back Calculation Methods 103 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone 104 General Overview 104 Display 105 1 SpreadSheet view documents 105 1 1 Table lines and columns 105 1 2 Table Layout 105 1 2 2 Visibility 105 1 2 2 1 Show arcs 105 1 2 2 2 Show straights 106 1
156. mal When set to this value plane normal lofting is turned off and the system will com pute the surface direction at each cross section 1 2 3 FirstNormal When set to this value the direction of the surface at the first cross section will be the same as the plane normal of the cross section 1 2 4 LastNormal When set to this value the direction of the surface at the last cross section will be the same as the plane normal of the cross section 1 2 5 EndsNormal When set to this value the direction of the surface at the first and last cross sections will be the same as the plane normal of the cross section 1 2 6 AllNormal When set to this value the direction of the surface at the each cross section will be the same as the plane normal of the cross section 30 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 3D Settings 1 3 Profile UCS UserCoordinateSystem Here you can set the UCS either to the origin of the WCS or to the center of the profile 1 4 Rolls Roll mode Here you can define the drawing mode for the rolls e Volume model or e Face model For more informations see the AutoCAD help 1 5 Rolls Rotation angle The roll model is generated by rotation the roll cross section by an angle Rotation angle 360 degree means you get the entire roll rotation angle 120 degree means you get a third of the roll and so on 1 6 Surftab surftab1 Mesh density for face model in rotation direction For addit
157. mom m Ka 4 es O Fig 43 Unfolding flower with planar centres of gravity with constant heights Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 177 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA TrapeZzoidal Sections 7 5 Outline Wire Model The outline of the wire model of the unfolded trapezoidal profile shows forming at the strip edges As we can clearly see all angles are equal HAT ee HLJ lt sham lt 9 508 WIJ mam lt 423 l i 254 lt man 9 999 Gia aam sz 0 154 UTIL AL A eas az DOI sean lt 0 085 I LE A Hy in Fig 44 Outline and elongation graph T 7 6 Strip Edge In the outline the strip edge is on a straight at a certain angle This is similar to a constant insertion of the strip material Due to the sine cosine relation the bending angle in the first stations is always relatively large and decreases considerably de pending on the type of forming the simultaneous forming of all bending points or forming rib by rib In the last stations the bending angle is often only changed in steps of 0 5 Fig 45 Strip edge angles 178 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA Trapezoidal Sections 7 7 Tangential Transition By selecting the insertion steps of the bending sequence the transition of the flat strip to the linear insertion of the strip edge was rounded off tangentially This re sults in a smooth insertio
158. n Click this symbol lt lt for deleting all available elements at once the symbol is avail able between the Format and Selected elements column For changing the sequence of two chosen elements in top direction you may use this symbol U The symbol is available between the Format and Selected ele ments column If you want to change the sequence in bottom direction you may 12 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar use this symbol The symbol is available between the Format and Selected elements column Short cuts You may adapt short cuts to your needs using this function Just click the respec tive button and a dialogue listing all available short cuts will open User defined text By right mouse key click in the column Format you may enter a user defined text if you have chosen this option The information may then be linked to your roll number lt can be linked to roll number if you mark it and press this button gt The user defined text may be deleted in the column Format by pressing the Delete key ATTENTION when deleting user defined text If user defined text is deleted from Format column it automatically disappears at the right site in the column Selected elements Set as Default The user defined roll number will be used global for all projects Set for Project The user defined roll number will be used for the current project Numbering of
159. n of the strip material into the forming straight Of similar importance is the smooth outlet of the material which can be achieved by the in sertion and outlet steps described above Fig 46 Tangential rounding Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 179 Index Index A add additional entities to the existing section Add New Modification Data add or open a comment to the respective revision Archive Files B Base Profile Bend Angle Bend Sequence Bending Sequence Bending Sequence Trapezoidal Bending Straights C Calibrating Methods calibration method Calibration Method in Element Compact View calibration methods Cancel Center Line Centre of Gravity in 0 0 Centre of gravity to point O O Change Default Calibration Method Change Default Strip Width Calculation Change material thickness Change Thickness change workflow status Changing Strip Width Calculation Clear also COPRA help layers when updating screen Clear only COPRA Layers when updating Screen Colors Computer RAM Contour as a polyline Contour Line Contour Radius Convert Change Values to Absolute Convert Change Values to Relative COPRA Calculated Values COPRA Paths COPRA Proposal Copy copy a document Copy and paste modification data copy highlighted documents into the Windows clipboard CPE Files Create Edit Final Section Create Edit Passes create a new project Create a section with the help of
160. n with German Standard DIN 6935 2 Algorithm according to Proksa 3 Algorithm with Bogojawlenskij 4 Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 4 1 Creating a Data Table of Gauge Factors 5 Calculation according to Oehler 6 Standard Formula 7 Table 8 Bead Method 9 User COPRA RF CADFinder 1 Introduction 2 The COPRA RF CADFinder Project Manager 3 Overview about the Operating Mode 3 1 Project and Document Structure 4 Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder 4 1 The COPRA RF CADFinder Root Directory 4 2 Working with Projects 4 2 2 The command COPRA project in new window 4 2 3 The command New Project 4 2 4 The command Create COPRA project 4 2 5 The command Create classic COPRA project 4 2 6 The command Create COPRA Wire project 4 2 7 The command New Document 4 2 8 The command Im Export 4 2 8 1 The command Import COPRA Spreadsheet 4 2 8 2 The command Export COPRA Spreadsheet 4 2 8 3 The command Import CPE CRE 4 2 8 4 The command Export CPE CRE 4 2 8 5 The command Import COPRA CPM file 4 2 8 6 The command Import COPRA Main directory 4 2 9 The command Convert 4 2 9 1 The command Convert to classic COPRA 4 2 9 2 The command Remove COPRA status 4 2 9 3 The command Convert to parametric COPRA 4 2 10 The command Copy 4 2 11 The command Paste 4 2 12 The command Delete 4 2
161. nal section base profile It will be automatically used in all following passes as long as no new cali bration method is defined If a different calibration method is set a vertical green line on the left side of the type list and green bullet in the upper left corner of the adequate cell in the SpreadSheet View occur Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 89 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Window arrangement in COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2 5 Spring Back In this place the methods for calculating the spring back can be selected from the list as well as the values for the spring back can be user defined 2 6 Strip Width Calculation In this place the method used for the strip width calculation can be changed Usu ally the method for the strip width calculation of an entity is defined in the final sec tion base profile During the unfolding of the entity the necessary length compen sation is calculated relative in reference to the neutral line and the defined modifi cation data This button sets a strip width calculation during unfolding It forces the Spread sheet to recalculate the strip which might result in a changing of the strip width If a strip width calculation is explicitly set a vertical red line on the left side of the type list and red bullet in the lower left corner of the adequate cell in the Spread Sheet View occur This button deletes an explicitly set strip width calculation 3 Window arrangement
162. ng forces The best results can be achieved if the strip inser tion is as constant as possible In this way material strain will be almost similar for every step and peaks in elongation can be avoided COPRA provides the respec tive calculation algorithms during flower design so that optimal results can be automatically calculated on the basis of the respective entries 7 2 Profile Design LI Function Design a profile COPRA provides several features for profile construction The CAD Profile feature allows you to convert any steady tangential transitions polyline into a COPRA profile This assures that any steady profile can be cre ated with the help of the COPRA software Furthermore COPRA provides a variety of profile macros for standard profiles Besides existing profiles can be copied or mirrored These features make it easy to create a trapezoidal profile The COPRA Profile Editor has a variety of features supporting the construction of the final cross section of trapezoidal profiles Dialogue boxes help you to freely combine profiles and profile parts Level 1 provides profile elements such as straight lines and bends Level 2 con tains standard profiles and on level 3 you have access to standard profile parts including connecting dimensions to an existing profile S NS AAY AV V Fig 39 Trapezoidal profile 174 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA
163. ng the RefPoint option will open a new dialogue box 5 amp Z B ALK SQ M SSN I PL N p WuigZe lt lt ness i ee i E ae Reference Point Fig 35 Unfolding Reference Point Reference Paint Fig 36 Modified Reference Point Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 171 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding 6 3 Adapt Flower ay Function Create combinations of primary flowers This function changes the dimension of the flower It comprises the preliminary work to be done for adjusting the flower with the Store Rollset and Read Rollset options in the WZ Utility toolbar lt is not unusual to design sections on the basis of the same basic shape but with different dimensions Those sections are called combinations Combined roll sets are used if only the dimensions of a section are to be changed whereby is shape should remain unchanged Typical examples are U or C shapes The basic idea behind that is that the rolls have to be designed for a primary roll set which nor mally has the smallest dimensions All other dimensions can then be created with the help of the COPRA functions The Adapt Flower option allows creating the required section combinations To do so only the dimensions of the final profile have to be modified by selecting the respective leg The related flower will be calculated automatically When using this module the current contents of the database are
164. nge Subproject Paths and Change Revision Paths are intended to use when the path to the files and projects change e g when the data is transferred to a new computer or shifted to a network drive Example When the COPRA project folder should be copied to a network drive e g from C Projects to N Design COPRA Projects the old path and the new path has to be filled in the respective edit boxes the checkmarks to change sub project and revision paths have to be checked and a click on OK will execute the command After doing so the projects are available from the new location Please use this option carefully as it could prevent you from being able to access your projects and documents in CadFinder Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 61 COPRA RF CADFinder 4 2 Working with Projects A right mouse button click on a project will open the following context menu show ing different commands that are available for an individual project handling We Mew project ya Create COPRAR Projekt E Create classic COPRA Project Mew document Irni Expork d Convert e Copy Delete Miscellaneous Properties Fig 25 Context menu in project view 62 Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder In the following points the individual positions of this menu are described in detail 4 2 2 The command COPRA pr
165. ngth of the length compensation pieces depends on the calculated neutral line Depending on the bending angle material strain has to be considered Therefore the theoretical strip width which equals the length of the neutral line is smaller than the actual centre line of the final section The length compensation pieces may also be positioned in the middle of a bend this is however very rarely made use of Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro low spring back rate Con bending areas tend to be cornered Restrictions a bend cannot be folded with this method if the neighbour entities are also bends Characteristics of the Constant Radius Method Inner radius constant Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 2 Constant Length of Neutral Line Method lf used the calculated length of the neutral line remains constant throughout all passes the inner radius is automatically being calculated depending on the unfold ing angle of the bend Material strain is considered during all forming steps No length compensation pieces are created during the unfolding process Optionally straight entities may be folded by using that calibrating method Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro bending areas are not cornered Cons higher spring back rate Characteristics of the Constant Length of Neutral Line Method Inner radius variable Bend angle variable Length of neutral line const
166. not a straight entity a new straight entity will be created auto matically NE ciak Ange Unchanged Is adjusted With straights only Unchanged Is adjusted With straights only Option Adjust Option Adjust With straights only Compensation in Adjacent Entities This procedure is equal to the COPRA calibration method Tube Profiling Length compensation is done with the adjacent entities of the modified entity no matter whether the adjacent entities are straight or arc entities Length Length compensation Ange Unchanged Is adjusted Adjacent entities Unchanged __ Isadjusted _ Adjacent entities Option Adjust Option Adjust _ Adjacent entities Length Compensation lf the selected procedure is based on direct length compensation it can be defined how the lengths are to be distributed at the right or left of the modified entity Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 135 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Outside Outside is the entity next to the modified entity which is further away from the point of unfolding and closer to the end of the section or in case of closed sec tions is closer to the welding point Inside Inside is the entity next to the modified entity which is closer to the point of un folding and further away from the end of the profile or in case of closed sections is further away to the welding point Adjust lf c
167. ns and all changing data like bending angle bending radius or leg length can be defined as absolute or relative All geometry data of the final section can be modified COPRA RF SpreadSheet will automatically calculate the new respective flower This allows deriving similar section designs with a minimum of effort The current modification data of an entity as well as the geometry data are visible at any time The visibility of the cross sections in the dynamic preview can be con trolled global or individual COPRA RF SpreadSheet is a very powerful and flexible tool that simplifies and speeds up the design process with the necessary modifications and adaptations How to Use this Manual For each command explained in this manual the adequate icon is shown ae following symbols show where the command is available e in the context menu every where in the table in the context menu of the top left corner profile in the context menu of the column headers elements in the context menu of the row headers passes in the context menu of the scrollable part flower in the toolbar via short cut CTRL Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 85 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 SpreadSheet View Display lf the currently open COPRA project is a parametric project there are two special views available the SoreadSheet View and the Element Compact View 1 SpreadSheet View The flower design of a parametric project is
168. nstruction lines will still be visible after the COPRA Redraw or Get amp Show command has been executed A typical example is to connect the endpoints of the roll axis with a construction line and use this to create the necessary offset lines to get e g even spacer ring dimensions Clear also COPRA help layers when updating screen Deletes all drawn lines on COPRA layers including the help layer during a re draw Automatic redraw when changing project A redraw will be done automatically when enabling this option and changing into another project and the project will be displayed If there is actually no data in this project the screen will not change It is recommendable to enable this toggle Delete X References COPRA works with X references when creating assembly plans and or when defining individual roll and station attributes It is recommendable to enable this toggle because then the external AutoCAD drawings will be only loaded as indi vidual roll or station attributes when you browse between passes If an X reference is saved to network another user may have changed it so enabling this toggle guarantees that you have always the latest version loaded on screen Fur Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 7 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar ther you do not have to delete the X references from the assembly plans manually if you enable this toggle The dialog box roll information Show info in R
169. ntity no 1 the beginning of the section or at the last entity the end of the section All entities are mirrored instan taneously Entities of the same type will automatically be joined if chaining is not set to off If the valid number of entities is exceeded a warning is shown in the Status line To create e g trapezoidal sections the Mirror option can be used sev eral times Using the Mirror option a second time will cause all existing entities to be mirrored 1 1 4 Centre Esl Function Moves the centre of gravity of a section to the point 0 0 lf a section was moved to another location or rotated by using the function the centre of gravity can be moved back to the point 0 0 1 1 5 Delete one Entity Function Remove one entity from the section 1 1 6 Delete a Sequence of Entities a Function Remove a sequence of entities from the section A sequence of entities may be deleted by picking the first and last entity of the se quence All entities between the picked ones including these will be removed The remaining entities will automatically be chained again Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 131 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF 1 1 7 Delete Current Section Function Deletes the current section data from memory Entering the Del Curr function will remove all entity data from memory As a result you will get a blank screen This function does not affect the
170. o be different from the actual strip width After having selected the Strip Width function a dialogue box appears which will be described below Window The dialogue box appears showing a list of all elements Including entity no bend angle the inside radius the ratio inner radius material thickness Rj So the length of the geometric centre line the length of the calculated neutral line the calculation method used for a bend a correction factor being dependent on the calculation method and the difference between centre line and neutral line deltaB Calculation Method Allows selecting the method for strip width calculation Factor Enter the factor for defining the position of the neutral line Bend Selection The options Select Deselect Inverse Filter and Crosshairs allow selecting several arc entities to which the respective calculation methods can be assigned Calculation Methods Shows the selected formula or the value from the used table Section Data Shows the current data of the section as well as the calculated strip width Results The calculated strip width can be saved to a file The name of the file can be se lected independently The file is copied to the Project Directory Info directory Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 143 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 4 3 Dimensional Punch Holes Today a roll formed product is going to be more than a simple sec
171. o called as the classic project which will work just as a project in COPRA RF 2009 The classis COPRA project will be displayed in the project tree with the symbol 4 2 6 The command Create COPRA Wire project This command enables the user to create a new wire rolling project The wire project will be displayed with the symbol if the software was installed with COPRA WireRolling license 4 2 7 The command New Document This command allows linking a document to a project The settings necessary for that can be made in the following dialogue Add document Document data Document na Opensection 15 Files and paths Select document CADocuments and Settings Pavan PELSPTOF Select target path De Projects 2011 4vappaOpensection Fig 27 Dialogue Add document Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 65 COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder In the upper line the drawing number with which the document will be linked to the project is defined and the revision number can be entered If the document num ber entered is already existing in COPRA RF CADFinder a query comes up ask ing if this document should be assigned to the existing document number If not a different document number needs to be defined Should the document be assigned to the existing document number the document number will be linked to the selected project t
172. ocess In unbent condition the length of this fibre corre sponds to the length of the work piece that is to be bent In bent condition the posi tion of the neutral line defines the dimensions The greater the distance to the cen tre fibre in direction of the centre of the curvature the shorter will be the neutral line and the shorter will be the unbent length The length of an arc is calculated as follows pete PTT 80 In practical life compensation factors or gauge factors were introduced for differ ent materials so as to calculate the length in unbent condition First a work piece to be shaped is designed in unbent condition Thus the final dimensions are de fined Tables and diagrams indicating the gauge factor for a certain material de pending on sheet thickness and bending radius were created in order to obtain the dimensions for cutting to size of sheets We only have to add this value to the longitudinal dimensions of each curvature so as to receive the length in an unbent condition Those tables and diagrams were generated during tests with different materials Since the bending programme only uses contours and curvatures the dimensions always refer to them Thus the coefficient of the position of the neutral line is used to calculate the length of the bending zones the coefficient can be deduced from the compensa tion factors The gauge factors could be converted at once and be stored in a new table for the position of the neutr
173. od The bead method is especially for beads 180 degree bead created and is defined as follows Parameter NFO5 Length of neutral line at 0 5 Ri Inner radius S Sheet thicknesss X Deduction value W Bending angle in degree AL Unfolded length 56 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Calculation User NF05 Ri 0 5 S W PI 180 S lt 0 5 S lt 1 0 S lt 2 0 S lt 3 0 S lt 4 0 AL NFO5 9 User gt gt gt gt gt X X S X 3 5 S 0 5 0 5 X 0 45 S 1 0 0 8 X 0 25 S 2 0 1 25 X 0 25 S 3 0 1 5 This function allows entering the neutral line directly y The directly input of the neutral line should be inside of 10 of the calculated methods Otherwise there can be errors in different COPRA functions like DTM Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 57 COPRA RF CADFinder Introduction COPRA RF CADFinder 1 Introduction COPRA RF CADFinder is a document management system that allows organiz ing any files independent from a defined file structure on a storage device To do so the user creates a nested project structure The documents can then be as signed to a project in this structure via a document number The organization of the documents and the assignment to the physical file path is done by a data base server e g MS SQL Server 2011 on a server computer for multiuser environ ments MS
174. odifi cation data are applied to the current section resulting in a new cross section pass 1 Create modification data for entities With a double click in an edit box with the modification data a modification can be defined for an entity AS soon as modification data exist for an entity they are shown in the modification data window and can be modified and adapted 2 Copy and paste modification data The modification value in a table field may be copied into clipboard and pasted into another one Therefore you need to use the standard Windows hotkeys for copy CTRL C and paste CTRL V alternatively the context menu right mouse key click may be used Also several connected table fields may be copied and inserted at once Use the standard Windows commands to mark several objects Shift left mouse key Attention Only the value of the table field will be copied but not the complete modification data The program acts as if the user had entered the value manually if you insert a value automatically In case that modification data is not yet avail able it will be taken from the previous entity or from template If modification data is already available only the value will be changed but the other settings remain 3 Change modification data of an entity The modification data of a flower entity can be changed in the dialogue Modifica tion Data Simply select in the table one or more cells with modification data The window Mod
175. of an AutoCAD draw ing 80 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Revisions in COPRA RF CADFinder The buttons right of the list allow to execute operations with the highlighted revi sions Thereby only those buttons are enabled whose functionality may be used for the marked revision file AS an example the current revision cannot be deleted Following an explanation of the functionality being at the bottom of the buttons 6 1 2 The button Set Current Using this button allows to set a revision status to be the current one This means that the highlighted revision will be set to the end of the revision list and can now be modified Please note that the previous current revision will be saved for fur ther modifications only the manually set current older revision is available If an older revision should be modified and the actual current revision should be main tained then the revision of the document to be modified needs to be copied with the Copy button and pasted again as a new document new sheet in the docu ment view This way a second document is available that has got an independent revision number from the first document in the revision management This allows modifying both documents independently 6 1 3 The button Copy This command allows copying a document that is linked to this revision into the Windows clip board It then can be inserted e g in the Microsoft Window
176. of the full names 1 2 3 Background colors In this category the colors for all the cells which are present in the Spread Sheet window can be set 1 2 4 Colors for focus and selection With these options the colors for the focus cell and selected cells can be set 1 2 5 Font colors With these options the colors of modification data modification data fix and stan dard data can be set 1 2 6 Fonts With these options the font name size unit etc of the absolute value relative value and the general fonts can be set 1 2 7 Miscellaneous Here the number of digits after comma can be set They can also be defined via a drop down list in the toolbar 1 2 8 Prefixes In these rows the prefix symbols for absolute or relative values can be defined If New values are relative is set to True newly added change values are relative change values if it set to False they are absolute values Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 87 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 SpreadSheet View 1 2 9 Tooltips With these options the delay and display time for the tooltips can be defined If Show is set to True the tooltips will be shown if set to False they are not shown This option can also be set via the toolbar button 1 2 10 Visibility In these jos the ony of element types arcs straights and their attrib utes angle radius length h can be defined It is also possible to
177. oject in new window Using this command enables the user to have several COPRA projects open at the same time That means a new AutoCAD document will be opened in addition to the existing one and the selected COPRA project will be opened in the new AutoCAD Window Switching between those AutoCAD windows e g by using lt Alt Tab gt will cause COPRA to switch to the COPRA project associated with the active AutoCAD window and vice versa 4 2 3 The command New Project By right mouse button click on the main ES CadFinderDB the option new project has to be selected With this command a new general project can be created The following dialog appears New project ae Fig 26 Dialogue to create a new project In the first line of the dialogue the name of the project is entered In the next line the project number can be specified by clicking on OK the new project Cus tomer4 will be listed under the CadFinderDB By right mouse button click on any existing project for example M Custemer4 the option new project has to be selected With this command a new general sub project will be created under the present project eo Customers Create new project Project properties Project name Testproject_1 General Company Datam software Profile Number Project comment Profdrawingno 2 COPRA Sheet Thickness 2 Rollset No 15 test project For user manual Document no prefix Testpro
178. olls It is possible to show raw diameter weight sequential number for top bottom rolls sequential number for side rolls material and rolls type in the rolls Alignment show the info on the left right or center position Description The roll info described above can be set on none as prefix or as suffix Profile Settings General E Center of profile Split lines in profile Classic project Contour as polyline Parametric project 6 Contour as polyline automatically switching to contour polyline in tool design Fade in elementnumbers Textsize elementnumbers absolute 7 relative AutoCad TEXTSIZE Position of elementnumbers relative to centerline of profile outside Textgrafe inside Textgr e center Color of flower 6 altemating like prev next station 8 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar General e Center of profile the center line of the profile is drawn e Split lines in profile With splitting Without splitting Classic project e Contour as polyline if this toggle is set the contour of the section is drawn as a polyline otherwise as lines and arcs Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 9 COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar Parametric project 10 Contour as polyline if this toggle is set the entire contour of the section is drawn as a one polyline Elements as polyline the
179. onger follow concentric circles Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 39 Strip Width Introduction During the bending of thick sheets with small bending radii those edge deforma tions occur frequently Because of the pressure the material on the inside is even subject to lateral yielding The fibres on the outside however are lengthened which causes a weakening of the sheet it not only decreases the original thick ness but also the original width in the external zones Profiling Roll forming to Shape As for shaping the roll forming or profiling technique is quite similar to the bending process Due to its continuous process however not only the desired changes in shape appear but also undesired longitudinal deformations which influence the shaping behaviour unfavourably In calculating the position of the neutral line those longitudinal deformations are disregarded Exact calculation of the coil stock width is required in order to guarantee stability of dimension within given tolerance limits of a profile to be designed There are different methods to determine longitudinal modifications in the curva ture zones Those methods often use different physical mathematical approaches Calculation of Neutral Line 1 Introduction In order to take alterations appearing within the curvature zone during the bending process into account one starts with a neutral line which is neither lengthened nor upset by the bending pr
180. ontal position For the movement of a section a fixed point can be predefined This predefined point stays in a absolute constant position for all following passes and the section is being moved accordingly Usually the section folding point is the fix point In addition the following points can be predefined as fix point e Section Folding Point fixed point of the current Section Folding Plane e Centre Point of Gravity fixed defined by the current section e Centre Point of Gravity vertically fixed defined by the current section e Centre Point of Gravity horizontally fixed defined by the current section e Any point fixed by entity number vertical and horizontal position predefined e Any point vertically fixed by entity number vertical and horizontal position predefined e Any point horizontally fixed by entity number vertical and horizontal position predefined 116 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Delete Section Folding Plane 6 Delete Section Folding Plane a lf a section folding plane was defined for the current pass it can be deleted with the command Delete Unfolding Plane The command can be called via the menu Pass Station the contextmenu of the row header the toolbar Pass Station 7 Delete Entity _ One or more elements will be deleted The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of t
181. or rowed and do not have any unfolding data The command can be called via the menu Profile the contextmenu of the cells Sheet thickness Unit Profile Stripwidth the toolbar Profile 6 Mirror Row Base Profile C The current final section can be mirrored at the beginning or at the end It is also possible to create a predefined number of copies at the beginning and at the end of the base profile as a row If the option Release mirror row is set the command Release Mirror Row see below will be executed immediately afterwards The command can be called via the menu Profile the contextmenu of the cells Sheet thickness Unit Profile Stripwidth the toolbar Profile 7 Release Mirror Row VI If the current final section was mirrored or includes a row the mirrored or rowed entities can be released and converted into independent entities In doing so the previously referenced parts of the section will be created as additional independent entities including all necessary modification data The command can be called via the menu Profile the contextmenu of the cells Sheet thickness Unit Profile Stripwidth the toolbar Profile It will be necessary to release the Mirror Row Base Profile characteristics if the flower should be transferred to the AutoCAD based version of COPRA
182. ore advanced methods The inner radius Rj the bend angle a and the length of neutral line LNL describe each bend Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 167 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding COPRA provides 5 different Calibrating Methods Constant radius e Constant length of neutral line Track holding profiling 8 Angle radius profiling Tube profiling power bending 6 2 14 1 Constant Radius Method This calibration method uses a constant radius among all forming steps This means that the material has to be taken from the inner the outer or from both legs By the term legs we understand the unbent neighbour entities When unfolding starts from the final section this process is inverted the material may be distrib uted to the inner the outer or to both legs The entities created during this process are called the length compensation pieces The default distribution of the length compensation pieces is 50 to the outer leg and 50 to the inner leg The inner leg is the leg which is closer to the section forming point The length of the length compensation pieces depends on the calculated neutral line Depending on the bending angle material strain has to be considered Therefore the theoretical strip width which equals the length of the neutral line is smaller than the actual centre line of the final section The length compensation pieces may also be positioned in the middle of a bend this is how
183. ortcut loads the data of the next higher pass number from the data base If the current pass is the last saved in the database then pass number one will be loaded The shortcut loads the data of the next lower pass number from the database lf pass number one is the current one the highest pass number will be loaded The shortcut loads the data of the current pass from the database So all not yet saved changes in a pass will be reserved The shortcut loads the last pass end profile of the flower from the database The shortcut loads the first pass first station of the flower from the database 22 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH General Functions Entity Selection 2 Entity Selection Some COPRA dialogue boxes supply a list of entities for modification purposes Entities can be highlighted in the list using the crosshairs and then be modified To modify multiple entities in the same way it is possible to highlight all the entities to be modified in the list KX The limits of the from and to values are within the filter selection set xX If the Use Filter for bend angle and Use Filter for Radius are both se lected only those entities will be taken care of when selecting the Select or Deselect which match both the angle and the radius of the filter selection set 3 COPRA Memory 3 1 COPRA Database All data of a project are saved in the COPRA d
184. ppropriate areas are defined The curve sections of the different areas are approximated each by a straight in accordance with the above mentioned criteria From a depiction as shown in Fig 16 you can get the values required for the calculation of K Fig 16 Yielding curve for material UQST36 with substitute straights approximated for different areas The following interrelations are valid k m k 0 66 tan f B slope angle of substitute straights 48 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Strip Width Algorithm according to Proksa Now you may define the individual part of material K1 to K3 for the three areas in our example You will obtain K4 2 128 Ko 1 021 K3 0 647 The arithmetic average of these three values is the material factor that is to be used for the material UQST36 KUQST36 1 27 With the information now available concerning material factor and differential equation the latter can be solved The result will be a table with the solution points S R from which you can get the dependence of R and the value for the modifica tion of material thickness S With acceptable exactitude a linear interpolation can be used for intermediate points The specific sheet thickness S has two applica tions in the above method of calculating the Ab value As for the method in accordance with DIN standard 6935 all possibilities for an arc element regarding bending radius and opening angle relevant in pra
185. re established for the fol lowing materials and were listed and shown in diagrams in the VDI guideline 3389 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 53 Strip Width Calculation with VDI guideline 3389 6 AMS F200 8 281551 Bo CuSn 8 AV A702 1080 31 Oo CuNI18ZM20F 380 2 074010 es As the computer cannot derive gauge values from curves the diagrams have to be processed first It is difficult to transform a curve into a formula on the one hand it requires a considerable amount of time on the other hand it is quite unlikely to obtain an exact formula for each material A case study only inflates the pro gramme content One possibility is due to the fact that the curves have a major curvature and thus can easily be subdivided into linear sections without losing its accuracy Individual points of the curves are stored so that the computer can interpolate points in be tween them Additions for different bending radii are indicated above material thickness s As the gauge value depending on the bending radius is nearly linear it is also possi ble to interpolate a value for each chosen radius with utmost accuracy A data ta ble for the gauge values was created which you are free to complete with values for new materials which is one basic requirement for a flexible programme In order to obtain a fixed order in the table we have chosen the following radii for each material in mm o2 joe 10 20 30 40 60 The followin
186. reate 3 dimensional punch holes on the required surface of a 3 dimensional model 152 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes Initially the UCS needs to be placed on the required surface Later the 2 dimen sional contour of the punch hole is drawn at required points on surface selected Again using the icon 3D punch contour COPRA prompts for the selection of the surface and the hole pattern Selection of the 2 dimensional hole contour by a left button mouse click creates the hole in the model 4 4 The icon Layer Settings Function The default color settings for various views of profile are present here The following window shows the default color settings for the various views of pro files such as simulation unfold bendzone etc Type The different parameters of the profile such as simulation unfold breakthrough bendzone bendlines bendlines_neg bendnumber are listed Name The names of the different parameters of the profile such as simulation unfold breakthrough bendzone bendlines bendlines_neg ative and bendnumber are listed Create Under this column the toggles are provided for the parameters bendzone bendli nes bendlines_neg ative and bendnumber Deactivation of the respective toggles means that these elements will not be created when drawing the 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile Color Under this column the
187. ree The result would be an angle of 60 degree Absolute means that the value entered is already the new bend angle When a bend angle of 90 degree is assigned 30 degree absolute then 30 degree is the angle of that bend in the next pass 3 4 Calibration method In this place the calibration method can be changed An entity will have the cali bration method used in the previous pass by default Usually the calibration method of an entity will be defined in the final section base profile It will be automatically used in all following passes as long as no new cali bration method is defined 3 5 Strip width calculation In this place the method used for the strip width calculation can be changed Usu ally the method for the strip width calculation of an entity is defined in the final sec tion base profile During the unfolding of the entity the necessary length compen sation is calculated relative in reference to the neutral line and the defined modifi cation data CAUTION if the strip width calculation method is changed in a pass this usually results in a strip width modification This modification is shown in the 2 row of the pass in a different colour 4 Delete modification data of an entity With the command Delete Unfold Data the modification data of one or several flower entities can be deleted The command can be called via the menu Entity the contextmenu of the corresponding data cell s the shortcut
188. revolution Basically it has to be distinguished between axial and non axial moments of iner tia where the axes are created by the reference co ordinate system A non axial moment of inertia is called deviation moment or centrifugal moment In the princi pal axis system the deviation moment is zero 5 2 2 Surface Centre of Gravity Is defined as the surface centre of a section which we can be imagined to com bine the total surface of a section The centre of gravity of a surface is the origin of force of the net force of all its partial surfaces A section suspended in the centre of gravity is in balance for every position it may have A freely movable section will rotate around its centre of gravity with constant velocity 5 2 3 Principal Axes Any number of rotation axes may intersect the centre of gravity of any plain sur face For two exactly defined perpendicular axes the geometrical moment of inertia are at a minimum or at a maximum respectively A stable rotation of a freely mov able section is only possible around these two axes They are called the principal axes of a surface e For any plain surface there are two perpendicular principal axes for which the geometric moments of inertia will take minimum and maximum extreme values while the deviation moment will disappear The deviation moment will increase to a maximum for those reference axes that are rotated by 45 as compared to the principal axes e The transverse s
189. right by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Create Edit Passes 3 7 Set Pass Relative u With this command all modification values leading to the currently selected pass geometry will be converted to relative values Available Ea inthe context menu of the row headers passes 3 8 Convert Change Values to Absolute This command converts existing change values to absolute change values Available Ea in the context menu of the row headers passes 3 9 Convert Change Values to Relative Cc This command converts existing change values to relative change values Available Hg in the context menu of the row headers passes Spring Back Calculation Methods For detailed technical information concerning the spring back calculation methods please refer to the COPRA Manual H2 H3 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 103 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone Create Edit Passes COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone General Overview COPRA RF SpreadSheet allows a quick and simple design of the flower pattern in a spreadsheet Necessary modifications can be performed very efficiently for multiple stations as COPRA RF SpreadSheet supplies full associativity between the individual stations Any modification in the final section or a station can be eas ily done The complete flower will be updated automatically it is not necessary to adapt each single pass This co
190. s Explorer or into the document view of COPRA RF CADFinder at any position see 5 1 8 and 5 1 9 6 1 4 The button Open This command opens the selected revision with the application registered for the respective file type File opens in read only mode 6 1 5 The button Delete This command deletes revisions from the COPRA RF CADFinder data base as well as from the storage device 6 1 6 The button Comment Allows adding or opening a comment to the respective revision The comments will be saved as txt file and can be opened in Windows with the registered standard text editor Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 81 COPRA RF CADFinder Retrieve Functions 7 Retrieve Functions COPRA RF CADFinder provides several possibilities for the user to retrieve documents CadFinderDe 4_ Profiles JC Channel ME L Profile H3 Archive H yf L Profile Document f eea Doc Retrieval Gif Rolls r Flower On one hand of course the simple retrieval via the project links in the COPRA RF CADFinder project manager but you may also define more detailed search crite ria Thereby it is possible to search for project membership document number name the document attributes template entries or e g the user who has created or last modified the document Furthermore all the criteria mentioned above may be combined with a logical AND combination This assures that only doc
191. s GmbH 149 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes New Value The customised punch holes for various operations such as bore tapping and in sert can be created and saved into the diameter list present in COPRA To do so just activate the radio button present below the respective picture of hole and se lect the button New hole Input of the custom diameter and confirming the window New value with OK adds the new value into the list Delete Value The punch holes for various operations such as bore tapping and insert that are present in the database of COPRA can be deleted whenever required To do so just activate the radio button present below the respective picture of hole and se lect the required diameter from the diameter list and select the option Delete Value Later COPRA prompts for the confirmation of the deletion of the punch hole Confirming the window Security Check with OK removes the diameter from the list Change Value The values of diameters of punch holes for various operations such as bore tap ping and insert that are present in the database of COPRA can be changed To do so just activate the radio button present below the respective picture of hole and select the required diameter from the diameter list and select the option Change Value Input of the modified value of the hole diameter and confirmation of the window Change Value with OK the changed value is inserted back into the diameter li
192. s and base projects The yellow folders are COPRA RF CADFinder Projects Projects with 4E symbol are COPRA RF parametric projects and projects with symbol are COPRA RF classic project These projects can be handled as normal COPRA RF CADFinder Projects but they contain specific project files When a COPRA parametric or COPRA classic project or a subfolder of it is being selected the selected project will be loaded automatically The icons at the very left in the document list show the file type Double clicking on a document will open it write protected with the application belonging to the file type eg Word Excel AutoCAD etc Attention Before starting to work with COPRA CADFinder a detailed project structure should be developed e g in a discussion with the colleagues Possible designs could be structures sorted by customers profile types forming mills etc Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 59 COPRA RF CADFinder Overview about the Operating Mode 3 Overview about the Operating Mode In the following a short overview about the operating mode of the COPRA RF CAD Finder System can be found Revision 1 Revision 2 Revision 3 Revision 4 Project_1 Project_2 Revision Revision i Revision Documernt_4 Revision 3 vee HOOC Fig 23 3 1 Project and Document Structure The interrelationship between project document number document and belonging revisions in COPRA
193. s opens 1 2 2 Visibility In this dialogue can be defined which elements straight arc and which entity data are visible in the rows of the table With the buttons Up and Down the preferred display sequence of the entity data within the row Elements can be selected For the display of the table lines the visibility of the modification data and the entity data can be adjusted These settings are saved in the document The visibility of the entities and their attributes can also be set by using the right mouse button the toolbar Tableview or the shortcuts 1 2 2 1 Show arcs 3 Shows and or hides the arcs The shortcut is F3 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 105 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone SpreadSheet view documents 1 2 2 2 Show straights co Shows and or hides the straights The shortcut is F4 1 2 2 3 Show Radius RJ Shows and or hides the attribute radius 1 2 2 4 Show Angle nan h Shows and or hides the attribute angle 1 2 2 5 Show Length L Shows and or hides the attribute length 1 2 3 Labels In this dialogue the labels of the rows and columns of the table can be defined In the upper part you can select if and which abbreviation for the column headers should be used In the second part of the dialog the label of the cross section pass station or user defined and the numeration ascending descending starting with 0 of
194. saved in the new COPRA project and will be drawn in a new drawing window 4 2 8 Unfold 3d flat pattern model ay Function Create flat pattern of the 3 dimensional model of the profile The above icon is used to create the flat pattern of the 3 dimensional model of the profile After selecting this icon COPRA prompts for the selection of the unfolding plane Now select an edge of a planar face representing a side face of the model and confirm the face The flat pattern will be drawn and can be positioned Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 147 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes 4 3 The Punch hole Toolbar Punch hole oF Gal gt gt WS SI The Punch hole toolbar contains the functionalities for creating predefined 2 di mensional contours of the hole patterns 4 3 1 Create 2D punch hole A Function Create 2 dimensional contour of the punch hole This icon is used to create the 2 dimensional contour of the punch hole on the flat pattern of the final profile COPRA by default contains few standard shapes of the punch holes such as round rectangular square and oblong hole Also customised shapes can be created Just after selecting this icon the window Punch holes dia log appears on the screen Rectangle Parameter The dimension and orientation of the punch holes are input here The length width and angular orientation of the hole are input in the space provided adjacent
195. set the template which is displayed e The file name will be displayed in the box next to the File e The unit can be set in the box present on the right side of the Unit e The Strip width calculation can be set under the option Strip width calcula tion e The position of neutral line Factor Fix length and Material can be defined in the respective box present on the right side e The calibration method can be set under the option Calibration method and the Length compensation can be defined under the box below it e Close is used to close the Template window 4 2 13 2 The command CadFinder options Using this command the options CadFinder settings can be defined CadFinder Settings Doc No has to be unique Save old revision by default C COPRA MDT active Automatically init COPRA for new Acad Documents Create Dochr Prefix for newly created projects Use Dochr Prefix For new documents Fig 13 CadFinder Settings e Doc No has to be unique if this setting is set a document number can ap pear only once in the entire system If this setting is not set the same docu ment number can be used in different projects 72 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF CADFinder Projects in COPRA RF CADFinder e Save old revision by default If the user selects to edit a file the old revision will be saved automatically if this setting is set Otherwise the
196. signment a comment can be entered Curve of the Edge of Arc Describes the curve of the strip width during insertion from station to station The length of the neutral line in the selected arc is displayed No of Steps Total Defines the number of unfolding steps No of Steps Initial Area Defines the number of steps with which the inlet of the strip edge is sophisticated No of Steps Final Area Defines the number of steps with which outlet of the strip edge is sophisticated Method When calculating the angles the neutral line can be considered i e the bending angles will get smaller or larger Curve of the Edge of Arc The angle of the arc edge is defined by the distance of the stations Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 175 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA TrapeZoidal Sections Orientation of Arc Displays the initial angle of the strip edge Code Displays the designation of the bending sequences which is composed of angle sum step number main angle and version Angular Sum Shows the total sum of the angles Sequence of Angles Lists the calculated angle sequence Round Angle to Allows rounding angles Compensation of Rounding Automatically compensates rounding errors so that the angle sum will be achieved Comment Allows entering a special comment for the bending sequence 7 3 1 Run a Bending Sequence go Function Execute the unfolding steps When closing
197. sses into Flower JL Function Read flower from file This function allows reading a flower or part of a flower from a file 1 3 5 Material thickness Function Change material thickness subsequently This function allows to subsequently change the sheet thickness for a complete flower In the occurring dialogue box you can choose between several methods After having selected a method a slide provides a preview of how sheet thickness will change Select Select the passes whose material thickness is to be changed Plate Thickness old Information on the old material thickness Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 139 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Plate Thickness new Dialogue field for the new sheet thickness value Datum Line Defines the reference line for the modification of sheet thickness lternal Radius constantly The inner radius of the section remains constant Outer Radius constanty The outer radius of the section remains constant Outer Contour constantly The outer contour of the section remains constant Centre Line constantly The centre line of the section remains constant Iternal Contour constantly The inner contour of the section remains constant 1 4 Crimps and craws Profiles command more and more about stamping crimps and craws which are inserted on the flat strip with a punch The objects which are of the strip have to be included
198. st Tool The customised 2 dimensional contours of the punch holes that are saved into the database of COPRA can be accessed under the option Tool The left side of the window contains the tree structure of the customised punch hole groups The de fault punch hole group COPRA is displayed after installation The customised 2 dimensional punch hole pattern is added as a new group The required punch holes can be selected from the respective punch hole group Se lecting a punch hole the respective picture is displayed towards the right hand side max X Length The length of the punch hole in the X co ordinate is displayed max Y Length The length of the punch hole in the Y co ordinate is displayed Zoom factor The zoom factor for punch hole with respect to its size is displayed 150 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 3 Dimensional Punch Holes Angle W The orientation of the punch hole is displayed The angle value can be changed Multipunch The number of punch holes required can be input by activating the respective tog gles Single The toggle Single can be used to create one hole on the 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile Row The toggle Row is used for creation of multiple numbers of punch holes on the 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile Just after the activating the toggle the Spaces provided under the rows Number and Distance are activated
199. switch back to 2D mode and COPRA RF resets the views to the standard top view 3 3D Settings By clicking 4 5033D Modeling te 2 B aR Switch Compact Show gt 2D 3D view a Browser H Design 3D Mode Tableview CADFINDER COPRA Views Functions A in ribbon mode or Archive a CF in toolbar mode you will get the following dialog 30 setting SASE 4 Profile Excess length 77 Loftmode EndsNormal UCS Center of profile Rolls Roll mode Volume model Rotation angle 360 Surftab Mesh density in M direction surftab1 15 Mesh density in N direction surftab 10 Excess length Excess length Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 29 3D Settings 1 1 Profile excess length COPRA RF is drawing the profile from the plane of the 1 and last selected sta tion If you want COPRA RF to draw the profile a little bit longer you can define an excess length On the left picture excess length is set to 0 on the left picture it is set to one third of station distance If you only have one station on the screen by navigating by CadFinder or TableView it is very recommended to set excess length greater 0 otherwise you wont get a 3D model of the profile 1 2 Profile loft mode The 3D model of the profile is generated by lofting of two cross sections With the loft mode you can define the forming curve between these two stations 1 2 2 NoNor
200. t 3 2 Bandwidth calculation method Changes to the unfolding method done in COPRA will be transferred to Spread sheet if the Spreadsheet Export connection is established 3 3 Plane of unfolding Changes to the plane of unfolding done in COPRA will be transferred to Spread sheet if the Spreadsheet Export connection is established 3 4 Unfolding the profile creating the flower Flower A 29 OQO 404 In the Flower Toolbar the buttons not covered by the Spreadsheet Export are marked basically the dynamic unfolding and the split mirror symmetrical cross sections cannot be transferred to the Spreadsheet project yet COPRA Data Base Take Section to Data Base Cd Ge CQ Cee When unfolding a pass when the Spreadsheet Export connection is established it is only possible to append the pass following the pass to be unfolded 3 5 Downhill forming The options in downhill forming will be transferred to Spreadsheet when the con nection is established Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 129 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Profile Design with COPRA RF Sections and Trapezoidal Sections 1 Profile Design with COPRA RF LI Function Create a section with the help of macros This feature allows creating sections on the basis of entered parameters By se lecting this icon three toolbars are opened which will be described below 1 1 The Create Profile toolbar Create Profile
201. t for the calculation of the material width requested according to Proksa Fig 14 shows a depiction of these solutions for several material factors K The solution curves are ending in the straight S 1 0 with increasing R As comparison the curves for ideal plastic rigid ky 0 0 and ideal elastic material ko 0 0 are marked Fig 14 Alteration of material thickness S So as function of specific inner radius rj So The material factor K is a parameter of this differential equation and specifies the given characteristics of the material used for production The definition of factor K requires the definition of the values ky and k For this purpose the yielding curve of the material is replaced by a straight However you have to make sure that the slope of this straight corresponds approximately to the slope of the yielding curve in the middle of the zone of adaptation Also you have to make sure that the sur faces below the yielding curve and of the substitute straights are nearly of the same size in the middle of the zone see Fig 19 It is useful to carry out this ap proximation of the yielding curve with several straights see Fig 20 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 47 Strip Width Algorithm according to Proksa Adjustment Range Fig 15 Approximation to the real yielding curve by a straight Using the example of the material UQST36 the determination of the factor K is to be shown First of all the a
202. ted by COPRA may be open or closed Closed sec tions may be welded or lock seamed 5 1 Section Characteristics ty Function Calculate the cross section characteristics The statics module and the related dialogue box Section Properties are loaded SECTION PROPERTIES Principal Axes System Standard Values Customized System Selected Values take Strip Width into account Write results to file wars To ee Display results on Screen standard Text height mm _ complete Text distance mm fade out plane of unfolding fade out scaling using Mtext using abbreviations 5 2 Static Values Below find an explanation of the most important values 5 2 1 Geometrical Moment of Inertia The geometrical moment of inertia is defined as the resistance of a rotating section against its changing rotating velocity The moment of inertia of a point of a plane is the product of its surface and the square of its distance from the axis of revolution The moment of inertia of a section consequently depends on its surface and the distribution of this surface in reference to the respective axis of revolution 156 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Statics The moment of inertia can only be calculated if the surface and its distribution is known The simplest example is a thin circular ring all surface entities of which have got the same distances from the axis of
203. th compensation pieces can be taken from the inner or the outer leg The length compensation pieces may be positive or negative depending on the modifi cation If e g the angle is not modified and the radius increases they will be negative If the radius decreases they will be positive Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 169 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Create Unfolding The adjacent entities increase or decrease respectively The default distribution of the length compensation pieces is 50 to the outer leg and 50 to the inner leg The inner leg is the leg which is closer to the section forming point The length compensation pieces can also be positioned in the middle of a bend Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro less restrictions than the above described methods angle as well as radius can be varied Con the length of the neutral line has to be recalculated This may give rise to little deviations within the flower Pre requisite is that the cal culated strip width remains constant Restrictions length compensation pieces cannot be taken from adjacent entities if these are bends Characteristics of the Angle Radius Method Inner radius variable Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 6 2 14 5 Power Bending Method This option is known as tube profiling from earlier versions of COPRA Actually it can not only be used for tubes It is an ad
204. the Automatic unfolding dialogue box the angles of the bending sequence will be saved as unfolding steps Forming is yet not performed The un folding steps of additional arcs in the profile can be defined In our example the dialog box was set up to unfold all arc elements with the same bending sequence as all arcs have an angle of 60 Consequently you do not have to click every arc individually The unfolding steps of the bend elements have been created and saved Unfolding is done on the basis of the respective entries Flower x hf th sob h P 2 Ww Fig 40 Perform unfolding steps 176 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and Trapezoidal Sections COPRA Trapezoidal Sections As all calculations are done automatically the flower for the trapezoidal profile dis played above will be completed within a few seconds Even if forming is done rib by rib the flower can be created within a few minutes with the help of the features available for element selection and automatic calculation of insertion 7 4 Unfolding Flower The reference point of the flower is the point of unfolding In our example the point of unfolding is in the upper middle of the flower unfolding is done downwards Fig 41 Unfolding flower The available features allow you to easily modify the position of the individual pro files within the unfolding flower Fig 42 Unfolding flower with a strip edge of constant height a
205. the content of the SpreadSheet table view to a text file as it is shown at the moment calling the command That means if the radius values are hidden in the table view they will not be exported to the text file The values are separated by a TAB sign Available in the context menu every where in the table Undo Redo Undo Redo With these buttons nearly all modifications in the Spreadsheet View can be un or redone Available in the toolbar Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 91 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2011 Insert Entity Create Edit Final Section Base Profile The final section can be modified at any time All existing forming steps for the creation of the flower pattern will be recalculated automatically When removing entities the modification data of the individual passes will also be removed 1 Insert Entity lf there is no entity at all in the project the dialogue for creating the base entity will be opened It can be a Straight defined by a length or a Bend defined by angle and inside radius Strip thickness and Orientation of the initial entity need also to be defined After the base entity is created the dialogue Insert New Entity will appear auto matically This allows adding additional entities to the existing final section cur rently only including the base entity at any position This can be executed at any time Available E in the context menu of the column headers el
206. the same position during the unfolding In the top the method can be selected lf the method is set to Profile point fixed the options of the number of the entity containing the fix point and its position can be specified lf the method is set to Displacement values for x and y displacement can be en tered Available Hs in the context menu of the row headers passes in the toolbar 3 4 Delete Point of Unfolding lt is also possible to delete a previously set point of unfolding The point of unfold ing in the base profile can not be deleted Available Bs in the context menu of the row headers passes in the toolbar 3 5 Set Arcs of Pass Absolute With this command for all arcs of the currently selected cross section the modifi cation values leading to the arc geometry will be converted to absolute If no modi fication data exist they will be added This can be helpful if the pass should re main unchanged while modifying previous passes Available Hg in the context menu of the row headers passes 3 6 Set Pass Absolute With this command for all entities of the currently selected cross section the modi fication data leading to the entity geometry will be converted to absolute If no modification data exist they will be added This can be helpful if the pass should remain unchanged while modifying previous passes Available Bs in the context menu of the row headers passes 102 Copy
207. the table lines can be defined These settings are saved in the document 1 2 4 Colours and Prefixes In this dialogue the colours the prefix for the display of relative and or absolute values and the height of the lines can be defined The moreover the default type for the next new value can be set absolute or rela tive This can also be set by using the right mouse button the icon in the toolbar Tableview or the shortcut F2 These setting refer to the common display of COPRA RF SpreadSheet and are therefore valid for all open documents These settings are not saved in the document itself but in the global settings of COPRA RF SpreadSheet The modifications applied in the dialogue are saved and activated with the button OK Pressing Cancel will discard all modifications and the dialogue will be closed With Reset all modifications are discarded and the basic settings of COPRA RF SpreadSheet will be reloaded 106 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone SpreadSheet view documents 1 3 Hide Columns This command hides the in the table view selected columns To select a column click on the first or second row in the table view By dragging the mouse with pressed mousebutton several connected columns will be selected By pressing the key Ctrl and simultaneously clicking on a column header several not con nected columns can be selected T
208. tion Additional processes are necessary to make it as close as possible a final product Pre punched material is one of those processes But adding new technologies to the product causes new problems When using pre punched material one of the prob lems is how to find the correct position of a hole in the coil For that purpose the 3 Dimensional Punch Hole module is introduced It allows placing holes in the final section COPRA takes the elongation of the material during the roll form process into account so that the hole position in the coil is in the right position after unfold ing 4 1 The Flat Pattern Toolbar Flat pattern a Oe The Flat Pattern toolbar contains all functions required for creating 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile 4 1 1 Create 2D Flat Pattern a Function Create 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile This icon is used to start the creation of punch holes on the flat strip Selecting this icon creates the unfolded pattern of the final profile in a new window Therefore there are 2 windows in COPRA The one window contains the flower design and the other window contains the 2 dimensional flat pattern of the final profile The bend and straight entities of the profile are separated in the flat pattern by straight lines 4 1 2 Save flat pattern i3 Function Save changes made to the flat pattern This icon is used to save the changes in the flat pattern into the C
209. tive layers all drawing information will be erased 14 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA Database toolbar 1 3 12 Create COPRA Polyline a Function Design of the outside inside or centre section contour as a polyline The final section of roll formed profiles is very often dimensioned by its contour in tersection points When using the standard design possibilities of a CAD system this can be a lot of work The contour needs to be designed with the help of con struction lines and then has to be redrawn 1 3 13 COPRA Screen Menu Function Loading the COPRA Screen Menu In contrast to the OEM standalone version this function is currently still available in AutoCAD 2 The COPRA Database toolbar COPRA Database W e E 2 co Ny The COPRA database toolbar includes the following functions 2 1 View Flower hy Function Display flower of the current project This function is an easy way to display the flower of the current project It is avail able at any time and shows all passes saved in the COPRA database With the Selection of passes option the passes to be displayed can be selected 2 2 Get Pass wal a Function Load a new pass from the COPRA database and save the actual one Before a new pass will be load from database the actual pass can be saved by this function A dialogue box with all necessary information will be displayed Copyri
210. train of the principal axes system is zero 5 2 4 Torsion Moment of Inertia A torsion moment M will cause transverse strains in a section These strains are called torsion stresses Their distribution is ever more complex than the direct stresses caused by transverse moments The maximum transverse strain is yielded from the ratio of MyW whereas W is the section modulus The torsional moment of circular rings grows linear with the distance from the centre of gravity The maximum value occurs at the edge The maximum transverse strain of rec tangular sections can be found in the middle of the long sides Along the long sides it falls about in a parabolic manner down to zero in the edges Roll formed sections can be looked at as stripes composed of long rectangular sections This gives rise to a similar distribution of stresses as in rectangular sections The values for the section modulus and the torsional moment of inertia calculated by COPRA are the basis to find out whether a section will stand the transverse strains caused by a torsional moment To do so the material supplier has to state the maximum acceptable torsional stresses Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 157 Sections and Trapezoidal Sections Statics 5 2 5 Section Modulus The transverse moment around a principal axis causes direct stresses The pa rameter of the section modulus is calculated from the moment of inertia and its corresponding distance from ed
211. transfers every design step into COPRA Spreadsheet In COPRA Spreadsheet it is much easier to do changes to the finished flower like modifying the band with calculation method the calibration method length and radii of elements etc At the moment there are the basic profile and unfolding options implemented that means that some of the functions of COPRA cannot be transferred to Spread sheet online Those modifications not covered by the Spreadsheet Export have to be done in Spreadsheet directly the modified flower has to be re imported to COPRA after wards 2 The Copra Spreadsheet Export Toolbar 5AA This toolbar enables the user to do the basic tasks regarding the COPRA Spreadsheet Export 2 1 Establishing the connection from COPRA to Spreadsheet a Clicking this icon in the COPRA Spreadsheet Export toolbar establishes the con nection from the current COPRA project to COPRA Spreadsheet This can only be done for an empty COPRA project so that every design step can be transferred to COPRA Spreadsheet Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 127 COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone COPRA functions covered by the Spreadsheet Export and know 2 2 iis the linked Spreadsheet project into COPRA By mai this icon the content of the linked Spreadsheet project is imported into COPRA This button is meant to be used when alte project was modified in Spreadsheet and should be r
212. uments will be found that match all the defined criteria The documents found will be listed in a result catalogue which is similar to the document view in the COPRA RF CADFinder project manager and allows a simi lar handling with the documents Any number of result catalogues may be open at the same time and can be managed via a dialogue In addition it is possible to de lete single entries from result catalogues or to add a new search with modified cri teria This gives the user the possibility to create a catalogue of often required documents in order to save it for a later use 7 1 Working with COPRA RF CADFinder Search Function The COPRA RF CADFinder retrieval shows a list that includes the result Search 1 Mehr Document Sheet No Document title Latest Rev Workflow by Created by RN Z OGg ea be Processing Conny Conny IES RN OF Edit at 14 Processing Conny Conny IES RN OF nen Rereion Processing Conny Conny IES RN OF P Processing Conny Conny EJAN 0c Drawing Header gt jd Processing Conny Conny EJAN OC Remove Processing Conny Conny Enano COPY Processing Conny Conny IES RN OF dwa Preview a Processing Conny Conny IES RN 7 0009 Statio Revisions Processing Conny Conny RAN 0010 Statio workflow Processing Conny Conny IES RN 0011 Statio Comment Processing Conny Conny Projects linked Category options Fig 33 Dialogue with COPRA RF CADFinder
213. vanced Angle Radius calibrating method without the restrictions described above The length compensation piece cannot only be selected via a percentage of the neighbour entities but also by picking the entity the material should be taken from or distributed to To select this option activate crosshairs Pros and Cons of this Calibrating Method Pro None of the restrictions of the above described methods angle as well as radius can be varied folding is possible even if adjacent entities are bends Con The length of the neutral line has to be recalculated This may give rise to little deviations within the flower Pre requisite is that the calculated strip width remains constant Characteristics of the Power Bending Method Inner radius variable Bend angle variable Length of neutral line variable Length compensation yes 170 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH Sections and TrapeZoidal Sections Create Unfolding 6 2 15 Reference Point tt Function Modify the vertical position of a flower In COPRA the vertical position of the section forming point is constant by default In most cases this is also the way of how a section will be manufactured But sometimes it is necessary to change the vertical positions of individual sections within a flower A typical example would be a section with a dovetail The vertical position could now be changed with the RefPoint or Move options from the FLOWER screen menu Selecti
214. ve files Before old Archive files are loaded a new project should be created with the Project Manager X Now it is possible to transfer an archive file automatically in CadFinder The archive data are archived in an own sub project in the project 24 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH General Functions For that activate using CadFinder Archive Data se CANCEL CEL using CadFinde COPRA Memory In the dialog title block data which is afterwards opening any appellation can be assigned This archive file will be shown in the CadFinder and can be opened with double clicking Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 25 COPRA RF 3D Mode COPRA Memory COPRA RF 3D Mode General Information COPRA RF allows you to switch between 2D and 3D mode Rolls and profiles can be displayed and even edited in 3D independently of DTM Deformation Technology Module All 3D options of AutoCAD depends on the AutoCAD version are accessible e g e Parallel or perspective view e Different visual styles e Preset views e 3D Orbit e Multi window views e ViewCube e Animation e other dane semua modes Shit iy a tT folkd farine metic Ince Aengtete Wew Manage Output add ins Urine wees 722 QUT oS TENET aa MURIE co EI dh h Roia wich Compact Shew Arche H E wal 2nG0 ew sl ohana D uoni COPRA Utik oe ee e A A Uh gi eh ah pAitt p ttt HHE
215. vers e g the automatic adaptation of the bend angles in the flower if one station was modified The calibrating method can easily be changed over multiple Stations sizing or calibrating additions can be defined also for open sections and all changing data like bending angle bending radius or leg length can be defined as absolute or relative All geometry data of the final section can be modified COPRA RF SpreadSheet will automatically calculate the new respective flower This allows deriving similar section designs with a minimum of effort The current modification data of an entity as well as the geometry data are visible at any time The visibility of the cross sections in the dynamic preview can be con trolled global or individual The definition of the final section can quick and easy be done with the integrated tools by importing it as section defined in COPRA RF or with a DXF file With user defined templates the standard strip width calculation and calibration method can automatically be predefined COPRA RF SpreadSheet is a very powerful and flexible tool that simplifies and speeds up the design process with the necessary modifications and adaptations 104 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA RF SpreadSheet 2009 Standalone SpreadSheet view documents Display The display of the design in the current document is split in the spreadsheet itself the preview the forming sequence the modification data
216. view Full sectional view C top rolls C bottom rolls side rolls left side rolls right accessory rolls Cancel Layer Control Allows modification of all COPRA layers according to his her requirements 6 Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH COPRA Basictools The COPRA toolbar COPRA Paths Provides an overview of all paths used by COPRA for the current project Names can be modified according to your requirements Technology Determines the decimal signs used during export COPRA Options Provides the option to fade in dialogue boxes for the selection of functions Fur thermore the settings for automatic background backups can be defined Up to 30 archive files can be backed up i e the 31st file will overwrite the first file etc Contours as Polylines lf selected all section and roll contours are drawn as polylines Clear only COPRA Layers when updating Screen If selected all drawing entities placed on COPRA layers will be erased when a COPRA Redraw C Redraw or any other updating of the screen is being made e g when using the command Get amp Show If not selected all drawing entities will be erased when a COPRA Redraw C Re draw or any other refreshing of the screen is being made e g when using the command Get amp Show This option is very useful when e g designing the rolls For the construction lines a layer of its own can be created If selected all co
217. ype it is e g a driven station side rolls or a welding station or a drawing die and so on X COPRA takes automatically the station types from tube mill map layout eg turk heads if a flower design exists This needs to be taken into account when working with the COPRA Module M3 Automatic tubemill map The listed station types can not be modified if there is data in tube mill map de fined If there is no data in tubemill map COPRA shows you in the dialogue box Station Attributes a hint There is no data available in tube mill map The single stations of your design are listed in a table In order to link any specific attribute click it with left mouse key please At the very left of the table is the Sta tion numbering with COPRA displayed on the right next to it the numbering with machine Station type You may choose between the attributes main idler Turk head welding drawing die lineal and strip guide Inserted station If you have later inserted a station mark the check box Inserted station please Then already existing roll numbers will not be changed The roll number of the later inserted station will be marked with an A If you want you may adapt these roll numbers via the individual roll attributes Station sub type Depending on the chosen station type are additional attributes as pre bending or calibration available that may be linked to the station Copyright by data M Sheet Metal Solutions GmbH 11

COPRA® RF 2011 - DataM Software GmbH

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COPRA&reg; RF 2011 - DataM Software GmbH

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COPRA® RF 2011 - DataM Software GmbH