USER`S INSTRUCTIONS FOR Essential information for users: read
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1. 2 H2 through H6 Last five charge cycle s data and 3 H7 H9 Last five day s data On the chart for the H2 H6 data each column represents a different charge discharge cycle For the H7 H9 data each column represents a different day In both cases the leftmost column is the most recent data and the rightmost column is the oldest data The last five day s data H7 H9 data below is particularly useful for determining whether your chargers are charging to correct voltage and current or to find out why the meter has not been meeting the charged criteria when you think Display No of Summary History Description Identifier items also see section 6 3 H1 1 Cumulative lifetime battery discharging amp hours Analogous to a car odometer this display shows how much wear has occurred on your batteries due to the repeated cycling of your battery system Every time you remove energy from your batteries this display records the amp hours you are taking out but it does NOT record the charging amp hours when you charge In this way it measures the wear caused by the discharging and charging chemical activity on the battery over its lifetime RESET to ZERO by pushing and holding RESET for 4 seconds while displaying this data H2 1 2 5 5 For last 5 charge discharge cycles Hours since the end of each cycle H3 1 3 5 5 For last 5 charge discharge cycles Length of each cycle hours H4 1 4 5 5 Fo2. P2 and efficiency factor P10 Initially when the TriMetric is first turned on it does not have any way of knowing how full the battery is The battery full display will start out blank Here are the steps used to determine the full 1 First the battery must be initially charged fully When the TriMetric is charging there are several choices you can select for what defines full charge A If P7 is in level L1 or L2 Filtered value of Volts must exceed value programmed in P1 and filtered charging amps must be less than value in P2 If P2 is set to OFF then amps value is not considered B If P7 is in level L3 In addition to above requirement the above needs to be true for the total time set in P14 8 C If P7 is in level L4 Either condition 2 above either condition 1 must hold for time in P14 or percent overcharge must exceed setting in P20 Then When the charger is charging the battery the TriMetric senses that the battery is charged when two conditions are met 1 battery voltage must exceed the Charged setpoint voltage which you set by Program P1 and 2 the charge current amps must decline to below the Charged setpoint amps which you set by Program P2 It is also optionally possible to set a third condition that the above conditions must be sustained for a minimum time which you set by Program P14 Note that filtered versions o
3. Program or To RESET any of these 1 Use SELECT to view H History at left in display then release SELECT it on display 2 Push and hold RESET for 5 See sections 5 and 6 4 for details on program data seconds See sections 4 and6 3 on history data The RESET button will reset any of the following Batt full to 100 NOT SURE WHERE YOU ARE Push SELECT Amp Hours from full to 0 Ahr D i h repeatedly until you get back home Days ae ea ee ia a3 TM 2030 Operation Summar FIGURE 1 Shows pa of TM 2030 RV but I TM 2030 A operation is identical dSC Shows the number of days since the battery has been fully charged This display gradually increases by 1 00 every day until the battery is charged at which time this value is automatically reset to 0 00 To understand precisely what the TriMetric considers charged refer to section 6 2 How the TriMetric keeps track of Battery oFull For this number to be correct Program values P1 and P2 must be correct as described in Installer s Instructions for TriMetric TM 2030 dSE Days since the battery was equalized Equalization refers to occasionally overcharging a battery to help it maintain its capacity It is usually recommended only for liquid electrolyte lead acid batteries not AGM or Gel types This display is intended to remind you when to equalize your batteries if this is not done automatically by your charging system It is essentially just a manual
4. Ch E BATTER or battery voltage low b LO REMINDERS S zA See section 2 2 for details LLI DO YOU PREFER AMPS OR WATTS to show in primary display See Table 2 Program P4 to change TO ACCESS PRIMARY MOST OFTEN USED DISPLAYS Push SELECT quickly to make display toggle through FULL VOLTS first battery B2 then battery B1 AMPS or WATTS entering or leaving battery B1 Hold SELECT 3 seconds to view FULL for battery 1 Battery B1 must be charged fully at least once before this will display AH AMP HOURS FROM FULL SE DAYS SINCE CHARGE TO ACCESS SECONDARY LESS OFTEN USED DISPLAYS cISIE DAYS SINCE EQUALIZED AP Mms o WATTS Push and hold SELECT for 3 seconds until AH pops into reaL E E CT FROM LAST DISCHARGE display Immediately release SELECT You will see Operating and programming instrucfions at i O www bogartengineering com iis QO AH Amp hours discharged from a full battery S Push SELECT quickly to toggle through dSC Number of days since the batteries have been fully charged dSE Number of days since the batteries have been equalized if used AP or Pr Shows amps or watts entering leaving the batteries Amps AP or Watts Pr rPC Shows how much energy you ve replaced of the last discharge See Section 2 1 for more details on these 5 items TO ACCESS PROGRAM OR HISTORY DATA RESET button Hold SELECT down and watch for P
5. Iset Time greater than Tset all three adjustable Filtered time constant 280 seconds See Section 6 2 for detailed description Power Requirement Power from main battery B1 9 65V 32mA with display lighted 16 mA with display off Size TM 2030 RV Box is 4 1 4 high x 3 x 1 3 8 inch depth with 1 2 in mounting tabs top and bottom 10 8 x 7 6 x 3 5 cm TM 2030 A 4 1 2 x 4 3 4 panel with circuit board 7 8 max in deep 10 8 x 12 x 2 2 cm History data retained in memory when power turned off eCumulative amps discharged during battery lifetime 0 999 000 amp hours to measure battery wear for last 5 charge discharge cycles the following are recorded eHours ago since end of cycle eLength of cycle hours e Amp hour efficiency factor for each complete cycle to show charge efficiency of battery system e Minimum voltage for each cycle e Minimum battery Full for each cycle For the last 5 days e Maximum voltage each day e Amps value intended to show how close to charged the battery system got When maximum voltage greater than charged setpoint volts shows minimum amps When maximum voltage less than charged setpoint volts shows amps at maximum voltage e Maximum value percent charge returned compared to most recent discharge 6 2 How the TriMetric keeps track of battery full How it determines that the batteries are charged How the TriMetric uses Capacity P3 charged setpoint volts P1 charged setpoint amps
6. be used to evaluate performance of the batteries and the level of care which they received In case of power interruption to the meter you will only lose a maximum of 3 hours of this data because this data is automatically stored every 3 hours This number can be displayed to 999 000 9 amp hours which is longer than most battery sets would be expected to last Should it ever reach this high it should be reset since it does not just roll over to zero by itself after 999 999 Often battery life of deep cycle batteries is rated by the number of discharge cycles it will undergo without failure however this usually assumes a fairly complete discharge during each cycle followed by complete recharge The life of deep cycle batteries is increased if the discharge depth is less in fact the number of cycles of life is inversely related to the depth of discharge of each cycle so if you discharge only half the amount during each cycle the battery will last about twice as many cycles Another way to look at this is that when buying batteries you have a choice whether to double the number of batteries in your battery set which will reduce the average cycle depth of discharge to one half A less deep discharge should result in longer life for the set but the question is will you get double the life if you did that which would be required to break even on the additional investment Typically the life would increase to about double so there would b
7. figure 1 by the RESET button More information about equalization may be found in section 7 Important information on how to keep from killing your batteries The number of days is programmed by Program P6 See Table 2 2 3 Who might want to use operational level L2 or L3 See section 3 Level 2 will allow observing the History data always being recorded see page 5 Level 3 will allow these additional functions e Allows addition of the optional Bogart Engineering SC 2030 30 Amp solar charger for your batteries e Allows setting up the audible and visual low battery alarm Table 3 P9 and P13 eUsing a 100A 100mV shunt instead of the more usual 500A 50mV shunt see Table 3 P11 e Allow disabling the automatic reset when the batteries are charged see Table 3 P12 eChoice of efficiency factor different from the default 94 see Table 3 P10 and Section 6 2 e Allows additional minimum time to maintain voltage and amps charged criteria see Table 3 P14 eCalibrate the battery voltage see Table 3 P18 eAllows observation of filtered values of volts and amps used for determining when batteries are charged See section 3 and section 6 2 step5 3 Instructions for Operating levels L2 L3 L4 To change see Table 2 program P7 Level L2 has all the functions of L1 but also allows access to some history information see below for those who wish to keep better track of their battery system It is
8. is usually in float mode the TriMetric voltage setting can be just below 13 4 or whatever the float voltage is and the amps setting can be for some low value such as C 90 or so or to a value which the amps would only go below during the float condition Then the TriMetric will reset only after the float condition is attained P3 Battery assumed capacity This is the basis for calculating the Battery full number The Battery Full is calculated as Capacity AmpHoursFromFull Capacity expressed as a percentage The Capacity in amp hours is what you program in here The AmpHoursFromFull is the value shown on the secondary display group Also see the Installer s instructions for TriMetric TM 2030 section C under program item P3 P4 Watt Amps choice Select which you prefer as your primary choice Explained on Table 2 P5 Days before time to recharge Battery reminder Explained in section 2 2 1 and Table 2 P6 Days before time to equalize Battery reminder Explained in section 2 2 2 and Table 2 P7 Operating Levels This allows switching to any of three Operating levels L1 simplest and OK for most users L2 All of L1 plus data logging information L3 and L4 All of L2 plus additional programming flexibility as shown below The following program items are available when the TM 2030 is switched to L3 or L4 level use P7 to switch Program modes P15 P16 P20 P21 and P22 are only used only with
9. last two items are intended to show how close to charged the battery system got on that day To check if the charged criteria were met in the most recent 24 hour measurement period see if H7 1 volts was greater than the volt setpoint value in program P1 and that the H8 1 amps was less than the amps setpoint in P2 This will tell you whether the voltage didn t get high enough or if amps didn t get low enough Then you can go back up to four more days to see whether or not the charged criteria were met on each of those days The charge controller may be set improperly or the TriMetric sepoints are wrong It is particularly useful if it appears the days since charged has a suspiciously high number of days indicating that the system is not reaching the Charged parameters when it should Remember that the meter must reach the filtered values of volts and amps which is not exactly what the regular display values are See section 6 2 step 5 for a description of filtered and how to observe them H9 1 through H9 5 of charge returned compared to last discharge According to many battery experts liquid electrolyte lead acid batteries should be charged to 110 115 more than the last discharge to insure they are well charged AGM batteries can be charged less to 104 107 of previous discharge 6 4 Further description of each programming function instructions for observing and changing these is in section 5 Table
10. much of the most recent discharge has been replaced to your batteries during the next day s charging Ideally this should reach 110 or even more Data logging Important information to check settings on your charger For each of the last 5 days the daily maximum battery voltage level and minimum charging amps is recorded as well as the percent of overcharge achieved Many battery companies say proper overcharge is important for battery maintenance It also logs for up to five of the most recent charge discharge cycles cycle length charge efficiency minimum battery full and minimum voltage level for each cycle This is useful diagnostic information which a technician can use to determine that your whole system is working properly Serial data output For extreme techies only The TM 2030 also has a serial 0 5V output with streaming real time serial ASCII data that could be used to control other electronics This is described on our website www bogartengineering com You may select 4 Operating Levels at which this meter will operate Level L1 L2 L3 or L4 It is factory set to Level L1 the basic level suitable for most users and recommended for starting Section 2 of this manual describes the operation for level L1 L2 allows observing Data Logging Levels L3 and 14 allow additional functions described page 2 Who might want to use operational level L2 L3 or LA IMPORTANT Be sure that the installer of this meter has installed correct pr
11. table 4 Push SELECT to move down one row on table 5 Push RESET to view and record all data moving to right in table Except for H1 1 6 Push SELECT to move down one row and then repeat steps 5 amp 6 until table finished Date of record History X 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 X 5 Number Most Recent H1 1 Cumulative A hr H2 Hours since cycle ended H3 Length of Cycle hours H4 Amp hour efficiency H5 Cycle Low Full H6 Cycle Min volts H7 Day s Maximum Volts H8 Day s Minimum Amps 5 Charge Discharge cycle info H9 Day s percent amp hr charge 5 day Log Info To aid in system analysis view values programmed in Program modes P1 P2 and P3 and record them here Program mode item Value P1 voltage charged setpoint Volts P2 current charged setpoint Amps of P3 value P3 Battery capacity setting Amp Hr
12. the optional SC 2030 charge controller and are described in the instructions for the SC 2030 P9 and P13 These set the low battery alarm level The audible battery alarm will begin sounding when the main Battery full display equals or is less than the value you program here OR if the filtered volts goes below the voltage set in program P13 see below For a 12V system a typical setting for P9 might be 50 and for P13 11 5 volts The audible alarm will not activate when P9 is set to 00 When the alarm comes on it may be silenced by the reset button but the alarm s presence will still be indicated by the flashing BLo in the display P10 Assumed charge efficiency factor Purpose of data charge efficiency factor See section 6 22 part 4 for an explanation of charge efficiency factor Choosing values of charge efficiency factor In the L1 mode this value is fixed at 94 If you wish to adjust it to a different value you will need to switch to L3 mode The actual charge efficiency factor for lead acid batteries while they are not at the top of charge is generally higher than 94 so this will usually give a conservative value for amp hours from full that is the meter will generally slightly under estimate the Full value for the batteries which will give a useful practical result for knowing state of charge Optional technical note Some people familiar with batteries will be surprised that the suggested
13. 10 Assumed efficiency factor 94 When meter calculates amp hours Discharging always 60 to 100 percent decreases amp hrs at 100 rate When charging increases amp hours at this specified percent rate Also see section 6 2 step 4 Pll Shunt type Sh H Shunt type for correct Amps and amp hour values Also Sh H 500A 50mV shunt see section 6 4 P11 Sh L 100A 100mV shunt P12 Automatic reset ON When ON Batt full reset to 100 and Amp hrs reset ON to 0 when Charge criteria are met P1 P2 and P14 Also OFF see section 6 2 Step 3 and section 6 4 P12 P13 Battery low volts alarm 10 0 When volts is at or lower than this value b LO flashes 10 0 65 0 volts occasionally in display as battery reminder Also audible alarm occurs when P9 is not OFF Also see section 2 2 3 and section 6 4 P13 P14 Additional required time that the charged 0 0 If not zero this will impose an additional time both critera be met besides P1 and P2 above charged criteria in P1 P2 must be met before batteries 0 0 5 0 hours are charged See section 6 2 step 4 and section 6 4 P14 P15 Max voltage allowed during finish charge Used only by SC 2030 charger stage 10 0 65 0 volts P16 Float voltage Used only by SC 2030 charger 10 0 65 0 volts P17 Time before daily maximum measurement N A For history data H7 and H8 only Adjust this to number will be recorded 0 23 hours Voltage calibrate Set to correct batt voltage of hou
14. 2 P1 and P2 Charged setpoint voltage and charged setpoint amps Purpose of data The charged voltage P1 and amp P2 setpoints provide information the TriMetric needs to determine when your battery set is charged Details are given in section 6 2 The amp setpoint P2 is now entered as a percentage of P3 unlike with the TM2020 or TM2025 when the amps was entered directly About voltage and current charged setpoints Of these two setpoints the voltage setpoint is the most critical and the current setpoint less so If you have only low current charging sources you can set the current setpoint to OFF however both should be used if at least one of your chargers is a high current charging source such as a generator charger or inverter charger More specifics follow Choosing charged setpoint volts Section Cl of the Installers instructions for TriMetric TM2030 has instructions on determining these parameters Also more information is given in section 7 of these instructions At risk of saying too much we also offer also the following Fora 12 V lead acid battery system the voltage setpoint will usually be between 14 0 and 14 8 volts Double these numbers for 24V systems or multiply by 4 for 48V systems As pointed out in Section 7 your chargers must be set according to information from the battery manufacturer Once those are set the TriMetric voltage setpoint should be 1 or so lower than the charger setti
15. B0269 instructions TM2030 USER S INSTRUCTIONS FOR TRI METRIC Battery system monitors Model TM 2030 RV and TM 2030 A INSTALLERS See separate TriMetric TM 2030 installation instructions revised March 18 2014 Later revisions will appear on our web site Essential information for users read pages 2 4 1 Overview of TM 2030 RV or TM2030 A battery system monitor 2 Basic instructions for Operating Level L1 2 1 More details on the five less used display items 2 2 What are Battery Reminders 2 3 Who might want to use operational level L2 or L3 Additional information and reference Instructions for Operating Levels L2 and L3 History data available with the TM 2030 Summary of Programming instructions Reference section 6 1 Warranty and Specifications 6 2 How the TriMetric keeps track of Battery full 6 3 History data can be useful for diagnosing battery system problems 6 4 Further description of each programming function NM BB W Bonus information on battery care 7 Important information on how to keep from killing your batteries BOGART ENGINEERING Inc 19020 Two Bar Road Boulder Creek CA 95006 831 338 0616 www bogartengineering com 1 Overview of TM 2030 RV and TM 2030 A battery system monitor solar controller The TM 2030 is intended to keep you informed about 12V to 48V battery systems such as ones found in RV s or off grid homes which are regularly charged and discharged and use deep cyc
16. For liquid electrolyte batteries maintaining the water level always above the internal plates The most important thing to maintain your batteries is to charge them to correct voltage and current and often We will try to define both The most common battery crime for which the penalty is having to replace your batteries too soon is charging with insufficient voltage or not charging long enough to get them fully charged Charging voltage One of the most important numbers to know about your batteries if you wish to maximize their life is the Recommended absorption charging voltage for the batteries This is usually given for a battery temperature of 25 degrees C or 77 degrees F The typical well designed charger or charge controller used with deep cycle batteries which are the type of batteries designed to be periodically discharged and charged starts by charging fairly fast at a high rate of amps but the battery voltage may start out low if the battery is not well charged Charging causes the battery voltage to gradually rise over a period of possibly hours but as soon as it rises to the absorption charging voltage the charger is supposed to be smart enough to stop allowing the voltage to rise higher than this to avoid damage to the batteries although the charger will continue to send current to the batteries at this voltage while the current amps slowly declines The manufacturer of the batteries should specify w
17. batteries fully after a certain number of days have elapsed in which they have not been brought to full which you set using Program number 4 Once you fully charge them the flashing reminder will cease See Section 2 2 1 Also the days since charged display on the secondary displays page 3 will tell you how long it has been since they have been fully charged Equalization refers to a process of occasionally overcharging your batteries which is usually recommended by manufacturers of wet cell lead acid batteries but however is usually not recommended for AGM OR GEL sealed lead 14 acid batteries and can damage these types The Trojan battery company for example recommends that their wet cell batteries be equalized every 1 2 months This helps to completely recharge the battery which helps maintain the battery capacity Some charge controllers or battery chargers have an equalize mode which is controlled either manually or automatically This TriMetric function is intended for use primarily for systems that require manual equalization and reminds you to perform this after the programmed time Placing the charger in equalize mode involves extra charging after the batteries have reached the charged criteria which allows the voltage to rise extra high for a period of time for example the Trojan Battery Co recommends charging to 15 5 volts for 12V systems double this for 24V systems and keeping the batteries at that le
18. e little cost benefit Of course you d get more days of autonomy But in a vehicle it would add extra weight This measurement made by the TriMetric is a way of getting quantatative data on these kinds of questions Group 2 25 items H2 x H6 x Charge discharge cycle data for last 5 cycles x goes from 1 to 5 Each discharge charge cycle begins at the time the battery is fully charged and ends at the next full charge for more precise definition see section 6 2 How the TriMetric keeps track of battery full The cycles begin and end exactly at step 3 in that section Each item below records data for up to the five most recent complete cycles H2 1 through H2 5 How many hours ago that the cycle in question ended H2 1 most recent H2 5 oldest data H3 1 through H3 5 Length of the cycle in question in hours You can see how much time goes by between full battery charges Frequently charging them helps keep them from permanently losing capacity It s also useful to observe that the TriMetric charged setpoints P1 and P2 are properly set to register the cycles otherwise the Battery full display will not be correct H4 1 through H4 5 Total charge efficiency over each cycle in question which shows how much energy your system wastes over each cycle which from a system efficiency standpoint you would like this to be close to 100 All charging amp hours are accumulated in one register and a
19. efficiency factor is as high as 94 Without going into all the details here there are two reasons for this 1 The number entered in the TriMetric is not true battery efficiency or energy efficiency which is often quoted at 70 80 for lead acid batteries but charge efficiency Charge efficiency the ratio of total amp hours you get out divided by total amp hours to charge the battery is always greater than energy efficiency 2 What is entered in the TriMetric is not even the overall charge efficiency of the battery but the charge efficiency while the battery is not at the top of charge and not gassing A battery is not charge efficient while at the top of charge so if this part is excluded the battery is very charge efficient We have measured this to be 95 98 with Trojan wet cell batteries For the perfectionist only Practical utility doesn t demand perfection and the reality of changing battery temperature makes this difficult But if you wish to try and your batteries are fairly constant in temperature the ideal is that the TriMetric full should show 100 at the time that the charging system has fully charged the batteries and the charged lamp flashes on the TriMetric as explained in section 6 2 2 If you find that the reading is somewhat below 100 after the charging system has fully charged your batteries then you could increase the efficiency factor If you find that the numbers are going above 100 when your charging
20. f Battery voltage and battery amps are used described in step 5 below 2 When the above occurs the TriMetric then declares the battery charged by flashing the charging light and resets the Days since charged to 0 3 When the charging is finished and the batteries start to discharge again then the Amp hours from full is reset to 0 00 and Battery Full is reset to 100 This assumes that the auto reset is on which is always the case in Level L1 or L2 It may be turned off if desired in Level L3 4 As the battery discharges the TriMetric amp hours from full gradually go negative at a rate depending on the number of amps and go positive when charging For example if the batteries are discharging with amps minus 10 0 the amp hours from full display gradually decreases by exactly 10 for every hour that goes by Similarly when amps are positive 10 amps charging the amp hours from full display gradually increases by almost 10 amps for every hour The almost has to do with charge efficiency factor which can be adjusted by program P10 If the efficiency factor is set to 100 the amp hours will go up by exactly 10 per hour however if the efficiency factor is 94 the amp hours from full display goes up by only 94 of 10 or 9 4 amp hours for every hour The purpose of this is to account for the fact that you don t get as many amp hours out of the battery as you put in so that the T
21. g Level L1 are summarized in Table 2 below As mentioned above it is most important that items P1 P2 and P3 below in Table 1 be correctly programmed for the Batery Full data to be correct Step by step procedure for doing this is described in the Installer s Instructions for TriMetric 2030 The additional functions applicable to level L3 are summarized in Table 3 below If you need more information than given in Tables 2 or 3 look at references in section 6 4 of these instructions To observe program data follow steps 1 and 2 To change program data follow additional steps 3 and 4 1 HOLD DOWN the SELECT button and watch as the display cycles through several different displays When you see P1 in the display immediately release SELECT If you don t release quickly enough just wait longer holding down SELECT until you see the P1 again then release Then the Charged setpoint voltage first item shown in table below will alternate with P1 so you can observe its value 2 Push SELECT repeatedly to observe programmable data P2 P3 etc as shown in the left two columns below After going through all these it will go back to observing normal display data Volts Amps etc 3 If during step 2 you see programmable data that you wish to CHANGE push both SELECT and RESET briefly but firmly at the same time Three green lamps will flash to indicate that you can now change the data Successive pushes to RESET will increase the
22. g of a cycle in this case they will accept less charge at lower temperature to appear charged making them look more efficient than they really are For the same reason when the temperature rises over a cycle you should find this number lower than usual as would also be the case after a battery equalization cycle H5 1 through H5 5 Minimum voltage during each cycle This can show if the batteries are being run too low before being recharged H6 1 through H6 5 Minimum Battery full during each cycle This is another check to see that the batteries are not being run too low before being recharged Group 3 15 items H7 x H8 x Volts and Amps data on each of previous 5 days H7 1 through H7 5 Maximum filtered battery volts on last five days see 6 2 5 for definition of filtered H8 1 through H8 5 Filtered amps value which depends on whether H7 maximum voltage on that day was less or greater than the charged voltage setpoint programmed in program P1 If the H7 maximum filtered voltage on a particular day is less than the charged voltage setpoint 10 Then the amps value for that day is the filtered amps value at the moment that the maximum voltage occurred If the H7 maximum filtered voltage on a particular day is greater than the charged voltage setpoint Then the amps value is the minimum filtered amps during the time that the volts is greater than the charged voltage setpoint The
23. hat this voltage should be Or ask the dealer who sold them to you who hopefully should know Unfortunately many do NOT know This voltage will be slightly different for different types of batteries for example 12 volt liquid electrolyte lead acid batteries will have an absorption charging voltage of about 14 4 15 0 volts AGM or Gel batteries will have a lower voltage perhaps at 13 9 14 4 volts Multiply these by 2 or 4 for 24 or 48V systems Your charger s must then be set to the battery manufacturer s not the charger manufacturer 13 recommended voltage If the voltage is too low or too high battery life will be impaired It is especially important to get this correct for the AGM or Gel types not least because they are even more expensive than liquid electrolyte types Ideally you can adjust this voltage on every charger or charge controller you have Unfortunately some chargers do not leave much choice and some do not charge to high enough voltage and then you will have to settle for whatever the charger determines at possible detriment to your batteries If you have multiple charging sources for example if you have a stand alone generator a charger or converter and also solar or perhaps also your engine alternator ideally all chargers should be set identically according to what the battery manufacturer recommends Often that s not possible say for engine alternator then the voltage value for that charger should be lower howe
24. intended to help technicians in analyzing systems to see that they are operating properly Also see Section 4 and section 6 3 Level L3 and L4 have all functions of L2 and also adds additional programming functions summarized in Table 3 and detailed in section 2 3 and 6 4 Also Level L3 and L4 allow you to observe the filtered values of Volts B1 or Amps which are extremely sluggish versions of these items by pushing and holding the RESET button while viewing VoltsB1 or Amps The meaning of the filtered values is described in section 6 2 step 5 The difference between L3 and L4 is that the L4 level raises the requirement for a charged battery beyond the usual volts amps requirement see Section 6 2 The additional requirement is that the battery must meet the float requirement defined for the SC 2030 charger Not recommended unless you understand the requirement 4 History data available with the TM 2030 Table 1 below summarizes the 36 items of history data It is available at Operating Levels L2 L3 or L4 These are useful for a technician to determine if your system is working properly or to diagnose a battery system problem To view the History data Go to page 16 last page of these instructions which describes how to access this data which you can write into the chart on that page Section 6 3 on page 9 has a description of the three different types of data 1 H1 Total cumulative battery amp hours
25. is information to display this value correctly for means 1020 amp hours your batteries Also see section 6 2 WATTS or AMPS choice Chooses whether AMPS or WATTS shows up on the Pr WATTS A Amps Primary display just after B1 volts If you choose AMPS then WATTS shows on the secondary display And vice versa Days before time to recharge reminder When Days since charged equals or exceeds this number 1 100 days or OFF time to recharge cH F reminder will flash periodically in display Also see section 2 2 Days before time to equalize reminder When Days since equalized exceeds this time to 1 100 days or OFF equalize cH E reminder will display See also section 2 2 Chooses Operational level Choose L1 L2 or L1 is simplest level L2 next level shows historical data L3 L3 Shows all of L1 and L2 plus additional programming options TABLE 2 Program modes for Operating level L1 simplest PROGRAM PROGRAMMABLE DATA Ben 1 WHAT IT IS FOR SUMMARY an y MODE and ADJUSTMENT RANGE value Where to find more information NUMBER write your Used by value here SC 2030 charger P9 Low Battery Audible Alarm Setpoint OFF When not OFF audible alarm will sound and battery Off or 1 100 percent reminder bLO will flash when full is less than this value or if battery volts less than P13 setting P
26. le batteries The TM2030 may also be used with the new optional Bogart Engineering SC 2030 30 amp solar charger These two will together allow both flexible and accurate solar charging and comprehensive monitoring of batteries How the TM 2030 can be useful to you The amps or watts display measures the rate of energy going in or out of your batteries so you can check your charging systems and also to see how much energy each of your appliances use to help you conserve energy The Full display is the most accurate way to keep track of how charged or discharged your batteries are until battery volts gets really low When battery volts goes below 11 5 volts for 12 volt systems the volts display can warn that you are near discharge The volts display also lets you discover if your charger is charging to a voltage neither too high or too low also see data logging below which is important for maximizing your battery life The days since charged display shows how recently the main battery system was fully charged so if it hasn t been charged recently you can perform extra charging if necessary to help maintain the capacity of your batteries The TM 2030 also can measure voltage only of a second battery set such as the motor starting battery or solar voltage input to an MPPT charge controller New to the TM 2030 an audible alarm will signal a low battery A new display shows Replaced Percentage rPC shows how
27. ll discharging amp hours are accumulated in another for the entire discharge charge cycle To get this charge efficiency number the discharging amp hours are divided by the charging amp hours and result expressed as a percentage If batteries were perfect and you got out exactly as much energy as you put in during one cycle and if the cycles were measured exactly this number would be 100 But typically you lose some energy from self discharge and also from the beneficial overcharging that occurs when the batteries are being fully charged when the batteries are gassing so this number will be usually less than 100 Well charged batteries would show a value of 85 90 which indicates that 10 15 more charge has been added than last taken out If this number is an excessively low that would indicate possibly that batteries were losing a lot more energy than they should or also it could indicate that something is not wired up correctly to the shunt for example a load is not being seen by the TriMetric on the amps display Or if it shows up often or always as a negative number this would surely also indicate a miswiring to the shunt charge controller or charger that isn t getting measured on the amps display for example There should be some consistency in the readings Although the value is ordinarily less than 100 they can even occasionally be greater than 100 when the temperature of your batteries drops from beginning to endin
28. measure the specific gravity of the battery acid of each cell to see that it comes up to a high enough value as specified by battery manufacturer Why solar panels can be good for batteries Even if you don t get all your energy needs from solar these are often a very useful complement to your engine chargers to reduce the amount of engine time required to charge and yet get a good charge on your batteries Use your engine charger s to begin charging when your batteries are low which is when they absorb energy at a higher rate making more efficient use of your engine Then once they approach full charge turn off the engine and let the panels deliver a slower but much longer charge to get your batteries well charged without having to run a generator for a long time Charging to full sufficiently often It doesn t hurt to discharge a deep discharge battery to 50 or less that s what they are designed to do but lead acid batteries should not be left uncharged for a long period The reason is that if the lead sulfate reaction product that is produced as the battery is discharged is left too long it changes its form so as to be harder to convert back to its charged state lead lead dioxide and sulfuric acid so you will not be able to retrieve as much energy from the batteries We suggest charging to full at least every five days or so To help the TriMetric has a battery reminder function to remind you to charge the
29. ngs If this is done the TriMetric charged lamp comes on just before the charging system decides that the batteries are charged and stops charging your batteries If you have two or more chargers such as solar and generator both chargers would normally be set to charge to the same voltage and the TriMetric should be set with the voltage low enough for either one to reach when the batteries approach full charge Choosing the charged setpoint percentage amps IMPORTANT The method of setting this has been changed from the older TM 2020 or TM 2025 If you have generator or other charger that has high charging current capability it becomes important to also set the charged setpoint amps in the TriMetric This is because a high current charging source can force the battery voltage to rise and meet the charged voltage setpoint even though the batteries are not yet well charged With such a charger once the voltage reaches its maximum bulk voltage the charging current amps will start out high then gradually reduce as the batteries become more charged Proper adjustment of the current setpoint will insure that the TriMetric will not consider the batteries charged until the charging current goes below the setpoint amps The lower you set this value the more charged the battery must be before the TriMetric will declare the battery to be charged To set this value you must know the amp hour capacity of your batter
30. numbers slowly Hold RESET down longer to speed up the change this will cause data to cycle more quickly through all the possibilities To make values go down you will need to keep increasing until it finally jumps to its lowest value again 4 When satisfied with the programmable data push SELECT to get back into OBSERVE mode Now either continue programming as described in step 2 or to get back to regular displays push SELECT repeatedly PROGRAM PROGRAMMABLE DATA Factory WHAT IT IS FOR SUMMARY MODE and ADJUSTMENT RANGE value For more information see Section 6 4 NUMBER Your Used by value SC 2030 charger P1 Charged setpoint voltage A TriMetric determines that battery is charged when actual 10 0 to 65 0 volts volts is greater than setpoint voltage and amps is less than 7 7 lt a setpoint amps When this is true the charging lamp p2 Charged setpoint amps multiplier in flashes to indicate a full battery This resets amp hours 0 1 to 10 percent of the value of battery from full to 0 and battery full to 100 and the capacity P3 If this value is 02 and P3 400 Days since charged to 0 Also see section 6 2 setpoint amps 2 of 400 8 amps Battery capacity amp hours Enter the battery capacity in amp hours This setting 10 to 10 000 amp hours Note flashing decimal influences only the Battery full display numbers and point means multiply number by 1000 so 1 02 uses th
31. ogging history data described below Secondary Battery B2 sharing common negative with main battery Measures volts only Battery Volts From 10 0 65 0 volts for main battery From 0 0 to 100 volts on secondary battery Resolution 0 1 volt Accuracy 0 3 Amps charging or discharging With 500A 50mV shunt 00 0 to 999 Amps Resolution with 100A 100mV shunt 0 00 300 Amps resolution 0 01 Amp 1 least significant digit Note Maximum amps is often limited by the shunt capability maximum current for a typical 500A 50mV shunt is about 400A For a 100A 100mV shunt about 70 Amps Depending on shunt design and ambient temperature Watts 20 000 Watts Resolution 3 digits minimum of 1 watt Accuracy 1 5 least significant digit Amp hours Measurement accuracy 0 00 to 80 000 Amp hours to same accuracy as amps Battery Full Measurement accuracy 1 Also measures overcharge Typical system accuracy if batteries are charged full at least every 5 days typical 5 With efficiency set to suggested 94 the Battery oFull Display will be conservative i e display a little lower than actual Meter Power requirement About 30 mA when display is on and about 16mA when display turned off Efficiency factor adjustable 60 100 Battery capacity settable 10 to 10 000 Amp hrs Serial Data 5V output stream with all TriMetric real time data ASCII coded Charge criteria defined by Filtered voltage above Vset Filtered amps less than
32. ogrammed parameters into this meter as described in Installation instructions for TriMetric TM 2030 section Cl otherwise this meter will not give correct data on Battery full and days since charged 2 Basic instructions for Operating Level L1 Refer to figure 1 which covers basic operation It also has references for further information Note that full will display only 3 dashes until system is fully charged for the first time 2 1 More details on the five less used display items which you may not need to know AH This is the measure of Amp hours from a full battery See section 6 2 How the TriMetric keeps track of battery full for a description of how this is measured This is just another way to look at the full data For this number to be accurate you must set Program numbers P1 P2 P3 as described in separate instructions Installer s Instructions for TriMetric TM 2030 If you use this meter at Level L3 then also P10 and P14 must be correct Continued page 3 IMPORTANT DISPLAY NOTE Flashing decimal point means multiply CHARGING LIGHT the number seen by 1000 When lighted shows battery 1 is charging amps or watts is positive Flashing lamp means battery is charged BATTERY REMINDERS 2030 RV Bogart Engineering Lamp flashes and display occasionally shows these letters when v battery should be recharged Ch F or battery should be equalized
33. ove Set the value in volts that need to be attained for the B Lo reminder to light Also see section 2 3 P14 Charged minimum time setting This is an additional condition that can be added to the volts and amps charged criteria that are specified in program numbers P1 and P2 before the batteries are certified as charged You can require that the P1 and P2 parameters must be valid for te uninterrupted time period in minutes selected by the value you place in P14 It is adjustable in increments of 1 10 hours from 0 to 5 hours Also see section 6 2 step 1 P17 Time of Recording for Daily history data This applies only to the recording of the H7 and H8 logged data which records maximum voltage and a value of current during each day 24 hour period The time placed here will define the daily end time for these measurements Typically they would be set so they occur in the middle of the night The time placed here is the approximate number of hours until the time occurs So if it is 1OPM and you want the day s data to be recorded at 1AM you would enter 3 hours here P18 Voltage calibration This is the voltage calibration adjustment if the voltage shown is not exactly correct This should not be necessary to adjust but if you find you need or want to follow these two steps 1 Get a multimeter that you know to be accurate Carefully remove the TriMetric panel from its box to gain access to the back of
34. r last 5 charge discharge cycles Charge efficiency measurement Shows how much more amp hours to charge compared to last discharge in percentage for entire last discharge charge cycle H5 1 5 5 5 For last 5 charge discharge cycles Lowest Full value during each cycle H6 1 6 5 5 For last 5 charge discharge cycles Lowest battery voltage for each cycle H7 1 7 5 5 For last 5 days Highest battery B1 voltage attained for each day H8 1 8 5 5 For last 5 days If highest voltage H7 was less than charged voltage setpoint then this shows amps value while voltage was highest If highest voltage H7 exceeded charged voltage setpoint then this shows the lowest amps value during time that voltage was above setpoint Purpose To show how close it got to voltage amp charged setpoints H8 1 8 5 5 For last 5 days shows how much charge has been returned on this day compared with the last discharge expressed as a percentage H9 1 9 5 5 For last 5 days shows how much charge percent was replaced on that day compared to last discharge TABLE 1 See section 6 3 for more details A charge discharge cycle refers to the time beginning from a fully charged battery followed by partial discharge to less than 98 and ending when charging it back up to charged again Data is displayed only when discharge again goes below 98 5 Summar y of Pr ogr amming instructions Program functions applicable for Operatin
35. re are a total of 36 historical data that are recorded History data falls into 3 groups The data x below ranges from 1 2 3 4 and 5 going from 1 most recent to 5 earliest Group 1 H1 1 Cumulative Lifetime Battery discharging Amp hours which is the only item in the first group Group 2 H2 x H6 x Charge discharge cycle data There are 5 types of data for each of the last 5 charge discharge cycles so there are 25 in this group Group 3 H7 x Max voltage and H8 x minimum current and H9 x how much overcharge was delivered compared with previous discharge for each the last 5 days Total of 10 items in this group x ranges from to 5 going from 1 yesterday to 5 five days ago Group 1 only 1 item H1 1 Cumulative Lifetime Battery discharging Amp hours Displays how many amp hours have been withdrawn from the battery system over its lifetime This number starts at 0 when manually reset which would usually be at the time of initial installation of the batteries See reference to RESET button in figure 1 for how to do this Every time the value of amps is negative charge is leaving the battery the display counts amp hours down But it does not change when battery is charging amps is positive It analogous to a car odometer to tell how much service the batteries have seen When the batteries are replaced this number can be noted to measure the total energy which your batteries have delivered in their lifetime which can
36. riMetric amp hours from full display will give a reading of amp hours which reasonably closely estimates how many amp hours have been removed 5 It was mentioned in step 1 above that filtered values of volts and amps are used to judge when the batteries are charged This means that before using these values they are filtered so as to be only very slowly responsive versions of volts and amps are used so that quick variations of voltage or current don t give a false charged signal They are filtered with a time constant of about 4 8 minutes These filtered versions can be viewed if desired by putting the TriMetric in Operating Level L3 when viewing the volts or amps display you will see the filtered version by holding down on the RESET button The battery full reading of the TriMetric just puts the amp hours from full number in a different form which depends on the amp hours Capacity number that has been programmed in to the TriMetric in program number P3 When the battery is full and the amp hours from full value is 0 then the Battery full will be 100 When the battery is depleted so that the amp hours from full goes to a negative value equal to the capacity programmed in P3 then the Battery full goes to zero 6 3 Using History Data for diagnosing battery system problems The last page of these instructions has a chart for recording these The
37. rs after present time that daily measurement should be recorded Usually to occur late at night Also see section 6 4 P17 This allows slight adjustment of battery voltage Use accurate digital voltmeter and adjust to that value HOLD RESET to INCREASE Push RESET repeatedly to DECREASE Also see section 6 4 P18 P20 P21 P22 Program all factory values Percent overcharge before float 0 20 Percent of P3 to which amps is limited during finish charge 0 10 One button auto entry of eight most important program data Profiles 1 31 Sets all values shown as Factory values in this table Hold RESET for about 4 seconds to accomplish Also see section 6 4 P19 Used only by SC 2030 charger Used only by SC 2030 charger Allows quick entry of all or most program data especially when used with SC 2030 charge controller TABLE 3 Additional program modes for Operating Level L3 and L4 6 Reference section more technical information ewarranty and specficiations eHow TriMetric keeps track of battery full eUsing History data eProgramming function descriptions 6 1 TM 2030 Warranty and Specifications Warranty 4 years if not obviously abused We will repair or replace at our option to operate at a level specified or implied by our instructions Main battery B1 Measures Volts Amps Watts Battery Full Amp hours from full Days since charged Timer for days since Equalized Also data l
38. s means not only adjusting the voltage correctly as mentioned above but charging for enough time to get the battery well charged There are three ways commonly used to measure this 1 charge at absorption voltage for a set time sufficiently long from 1 8 hours 2 Probably better is instead of waiting a fixed amount of time to do it long enough for the charging current in amps to drop to a low enough value as the current gradually drops with time sometimes called the return value This is what the TriMetric measures when it makes a judgment about whether the battery is charged A practical value for this is to take the total amp hours capacity of the battery system and divide by 50 to 100 to get an amps value to which the batteries should reduce before charging is completed We often suggest capacity 50 not because it is absolutely ideal but it is a reasonable compromise for getting them charged in a reasonable amount of time 3 Often considered the best way is to return a percentage more of charge when recharging for liquid electrolyte batteries returning 10 to 15 more than was just previously discharged is often recommended for AGM batteries the number is 104 108 Very few chargers use this method but our SC 2030 solar charger has this capability when paired with the TM2030 monitor 4 The classic but rather inconvenient method which works only for liquid electrolyte batteries is to use a hydrometer to
39. system has finished charging then decrease the efficiency factor But note that if the battery temperature went up since the last full charge was reached the amp hours will be somewhat negative the next time reaching charged And if temperature went down they ll be somewhat positive P11 Shunt type This must be set according to the shunt type you have This determines the sensitivity of the amp input to the TriMetric so that it reads correctly for the shunt you have If your amps readings appear to be off by a factor of 10 the most likely cause is this is not set correctly for your shunt Choosing value of shunt type At L1 level this is fixed at the 5 00A 50mV shunt If you have a 500A 50 mV shunt is specified by Sh H High current shunt If you have a 100A 100 mV shunt you should enter Sh L Low current shunt Only the ratio shown is important to the TriMetric so that from the TriMetric s point of view a 200A 200 mV or 300A 300 mV shunt is equivalent to a 100A 100mV shunt 12 P12 Automatic reset on off The automatic reset is described in section 6 2 step 3 It is usually on but it may be turned off if the meter is used in a different application where you don t ever want the amp hours to reset by itself P13 Battery Low Reminders setpoint This allows you to set the level at which the low voltage battery reminders will flash It also sets the audible low battery alarm as described in section P9 ab
40. the unit With the multimeter measure volts between the G1 and terminals that are on the back of the TriMetric circuit board Of course you need to be connected to a voltage source that is stable If you want to nit pick like we do at the factory you should use a voltage that is just between two 1 10 volt readings for example we use 29 95 volts 2 Switch to the P18 Program and put it in the program mode 3 lights flashing Observe correct value on the multimeter then push and continue to hold RESET down until voltage on the TriMetric display jumps higher than the multimeter reading Release RESET Then successively push RESET with short pushes to gradually bring the voltage down until it is agrees with your multimeter P19 Program factory values This just sets in all the default factory values in all the program locations at once so it may erase any data you have put in Hold down the RESET button for several seconds until this occurs 7 Important information about battery charging to keep from killing your batteries Even if you abuse your batteries they will probably work just fine for awhile By knowing how to care for them you can extend their life to maximize their return to you 1 Charging to correct voltage Charging for sufficient time Charging at frequent intervals 2 Not often letting them become totally discharged or left very long in a discharged condition 3
41. timer that reads in DAYS so that you can see how long it has been since your batteries were equalized Each day when not reset it will advance by 1 00 day Then it must be MANUALLY RESET by you when you take action to equalize the batteries For how to reset this refer to Figure 1 in reference to the RESET button A or Pr A shows Amps Pr shows Watts This shows either AMPS or WATTS depending on what has been programmed in P4 see table 2 on page 6 Ifthe primary display shows AMPS then this one will show WATTS And vice versa rPC Replaced Percentage of recently discharged energy Not the same as full above This shows the percentage of charge that is being replaced compared to the amount that was recently removed during the last discharge cycle When discharging this display shows 0 When charging it increases when it shows 100 it has replaced the same amp hours that was last removed To preserve capacity of liquid lead acid batteries it is often recommended to overcharge to 110 120 before going into float For AGM batteries to 103 108 2 2 What are Battery Reminders This is an optional feature that is designed to help you keep your batteries maintained which can remind you to periodically charge your batteries to maximize their life It comes from the factory turned OFF More detailed information about the need for proper charging can be found in section 7 of these instructions Important information on how to keep from killing yo
42. ur batteries At basic Operating level L1 there are two reminders which you can invoke if you wish 2 2 1 Ch F Charge Full Reminder to charge batteries fully if they haven t been charged in several days You can choose how many days Lead acid batteries need to be frequently fully charged otherwise they will lose capacity We recommend no longer than about 5 days If you set it for 5 days using Program number P5 see Table 2 then if 5 days pass without fully charging the batteries the message Ch F will occasionally blink in the display until batteries are again fully charged 2 2 2 Ch E Charge Equalize Reminder to equalize batteries occasionally typically monthly if recommended by the battery manufacturer Equalization refers to an occasional overcharge which is recommended by manufacturers of liquid electrolyte batteries the ones with watering holes on top It is not ordinarily recommended for AGM or Gel type VRLA batteries If you have liquid electrolyte batteries and if you need to manually equalize you can choose the equalization reminder interval for example once every 30 days to flash Ch E in the display after this interval This feature is intended to remind you to equalize at regular intervals if equalization is not accomplished automatically by your charger or charge controller Then after you accomplish equalization you must manually reset the Days since equalize number as described in
43. vel for 2 hours Other manufacturers may have different recommendations It is usually advisable to check water levels in the batteries after equalization as it causes some water loss After equalization has taken place you must manually reset the days since equalized display by pushing reset when the days since equalized extra data is displayed this does not take place automatically This will turn off the time to equalize reminder which will reactivate only after another equalization period has elapsed For liquid electrolyte batteries Every month or so check the water levels in the battery cells to make sure that the water covers the plates It is not good for the batteries if the level drops below this level 15 Copy this table and use it for recording the TriMetric TM 2030 History data This data can be helpful to a technician trying to diagnose a problem with your system or to verify that it appears to be operating normally Also copy the data from program modes P1 P2 and P3 and copy it to the second chart at bottom To access this data 1 Be sure Operating level is set to L2 or L3 Use program mode number P7 2 Push and hold SELECT down and watch display left for H then quickly release SELECT If you miss the first time just repeat until you succeed 3 You will now observe data at H1 1 on table You can record this data in the box on this table just under X 1 near top left
44. ver then you should have another charger to back that one up to periodically charge to the proper absorption voltage if you want to maximize battery life Although some chargers just have a switch that says AGM or Liquid electrolyte to set this voltage it is useful for you to know this actual voltage number since you now own a TriMetric to check that the charger is really charging correctly If all chargers are not set correctly you may be buying replacement batteries before you expected Battery temperature If the battery temperature varies considerably the charging source should adjust its voltage to temperature A well designed charger will have a temperature sensor and adjust its voltage a little higher at cold and lower at warmer temperatures As mentioned above the absorption charging voltage is usually given for a battery at 25 C 77 F You can use the TriMetric to determine what your charger is adjusted to by watching Volts as the charger is charging the batteries and eventually you should find that the voltage does not rise any more as the batteries approach full charge An easier way which doesn t require that you constantly monitor the meter is to use the History data see Section 4 item H7 and H8 Charging for sufficient time Not only must the voltage be high enough but it is the nature of battery chemistry requires that the passage of some time at the absorption voltage to fully charge So thi
45. y system which has been set in program P3 We often suggest value for the current setpoint setting that is 2 of C where C battery system capacity in amp hours is programmed in P3 For example if your battery set has a capacity 700 amp hours then amps setting could be 2 or 14 amps Better charging would result using 1 of C for the battery to be really charged however this may require more solar time for example than is usually available New for the TM2030 enter this percentage directly into program P2 from 1 0 to 10 0 This will enter an amps value that is equal to this percent multiplied by what you entered in P3 After you enter the current setpoint the TriMetric will require that both the filtered voltage setpoint be equal or exceeded and the filtered current amps 11 value be Jess than or equal to the current setpoint before the TriMetric will indicate that the batteries are charged The filtered values are very sluggish versions of these parameters explained in Section 6 2 step 5 Usually in float mode Another possibility we should address is if your charging system stays much of the time in float mode which may be true for a line tied system or a battery system in an RV that is only occasionally used with its battery usually connected to a charger that maintains it at float voltage With a lead acid liquid electrolyte battery the float voltage may be 13 4 volts for 12V system For a system that
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