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WorkCentre 5632-5687 Information Assurance Disclosure

1. 16 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 16 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper XN N snmp g snmp v3 i smtp LDAP i pop3 l DHCP L ipp j DNS lpr j Kerberos f fto o SMB o NDS AFP 7 7 Z 7 LZ Re N S 7 7 al o_ _ZIP ASP PAP l I SAP OY i I l N 7 fF ZSD 3 as a e NON YY j 7 7 7 j Tf cS Port 9100 aS Ml of 20 NAA ASAT T 7 a SA Transport Layer os Sv IIA a Ye se icp l l RTMP NBP ATP AEP Internet Layer Network Layer 2 8 2 8 1 Network Protocols IEEE 802 1X IEEE 802 3 Figure 2 5 Network Controller protocol stacks Logical Access Multifunction models only The supported network protocols are listed in Appendix D and are implemented to industry standard specifications i e they are compliant to the appropriate RFC and are well behaved protocols There are no Xerox unique additions to these protocols 2 8 1 1 IPSec The device supports IPSec tunnel mode The print channel can be secured by establishing an IPSec association between a client and the device A shared secret is used to encrypt the traffic flowing through this tunnel SSL must be enabled in order to set up the shared secret When an IPSec tunnel is established between a client and the machine the tunnel will also be active for administration
2. reply This is illustrated in the following diagram Network Network Controller Marking Engine Marking Engine information may be retrieved no image data may be accessed PSW Laptop computer 27 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 27 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 3 4 4 3 Network Diagnostics executed from the PSW The PSW allows the technician to execute certain Network diagnostic tests by connecting directly to the serial port on the Network Controller These tests are executed with the device disconnected from the customer s LAN The tests that are available are echo tests for the various protocols e g IP IPX where the Network Controller sends a dummy message to itself to test the transmit and receive capabilities of its own connectivity stacks Each protocol is tested individually and each test must be invoked separately The diagnostic sequence is as follows 1 After the PSW and Marking Engine have established a connection the PSW must send the expected synchronization message to the machine 2 The Marking Engine will respond with an acknowledge message containing its serial number 3 The PSW will send a request for Diagnostic service and a password 4 Assuming the password is authentic the Marking Engine will either execute a Marking Engine diagnostic or else forward the diagnostic request to the Network Controller If this is a network di
3. 4 3 Automatic Meter Reads Automatic Meter Reads AMR is a service that allows devices to electronically report meter readings back to Xerox The Systems Administrator sets up the attributes for the AMR service via the web UI including registering the device with the Xerox AMR server Once enabled the device will poll the Xerox AMR server daily over the network The server will check whether it is time in the monthly billing cycle to update the meter readings If so the server will request reads from the device and the device will then respond by sending the meter reads back to the server This communication process means that the device initiates all communication between it and Xerox Only device ID and meter read information is transferred The information is sent in clear text The device can be set to communicate via a proxy server on the customer s network The proxy server address is set up using the WebUI 4 4 Encrypted Partitions On color machines XSA can track color copy or color print usage 33 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 33 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper The network controller disk is encrypted using the AES algorithm with a 128 bit key The key is generated dynamically on each boot and is kept only in volatile memory 4 5 Image Overwrite The Image Overwrite Security Option provides both Immediate Image Overwrite IIO and On Demand Image Overwrite
4. 1 The first password called the PSW Lock Facility is obtained by calling a Xerox service location and providing the CSE employee number and the serial number of the PSW The password is then given to the Xerox Service Technician and is valid for 90 days When the password expires the Xerox Service Technician must call in again This password is unique to the client application running on that particular PSW and is required to log onto the PSW prior to initiating communications with the machine 2 Once the application is running the PSW supplies the second password different from the first to authenticate the session to the device This embedded password is automatically passed from the application to the machine and is never seen by anyone It is hardcoded in the software of the Marking Engine and the PSW application and is common to all products It is not encrypted Many of the diagnostic routines will require this password in order to function 3 4 4 2 Communication Protocol The communication process uses a Xerox proprietary protocol Each packet passing back and forth will have a unique identifier session key with it for authentication and tracking purposes All protocols are API based very little information is directly transferred For example in order to run any given diagnostic test the Start Test XXX command is sent to the Marking Engine The Marking Engine runs the test and responds with a Test XXX passed or failed
5. Xerox WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 5 568 Multifunction Systems Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Version 2 0 Prepared by Larry Kovnat Xerox Corporation 1350 Jefferson Road Rochester New York 14623 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2009 Xerox Corporation All rights reserved Xerox and the sphere of connectivity design are trademarks of Xerox Corporation in the United States and or other counties Other company trademarks are also acknowledged Document Version 2 01 April 2010 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 2 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Table of Contents Mae NVR OCUA GUO eE E TE NEA 5 1 1 PUMO crassa E zo tense A E 5 1 2 Target AudienCe esosssescerosssssscctsosssssectsosssssscersossssseeroosssssstteosssssecrrossssseeecrrosssss 5 i es B aketen PE eater ferree noe T en Onn E E ner 5 2 Device Desc PLUON sassa E eE E E rer 6 2 1 Security relevant SUDSYSTEMMS cccssssecsecsesssscsssscssecnecsssssssssassesscsscsccncenccascaseens 6 2 2 COW as ceceence A TT 8 2 3 FN sacs cacs sa cates t sete veasc cba ctseonsekacceessecseroutasatet cactectateeteesatectustee 14 2 4 SE E E E E N 14 2 5 Graphical User Interface GUI we ccscssssssessessssssessesssesscssssescssessseeseeseeess 14 2 6 Marking Engine also known as the Image Output Terminal or IOT 15 2 7 Sy
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7. ODIO functions Immediately before a job is considered complete IIO will overwrite any temporary files associated with print network scan internet fax network fax or e mail jobs that had been created on the Network Controller Hard Disk The ODIO feature can be executed at any time by the SA and will overwrite the entire document image partitions of the Network Controller Hard disk ODIO may also be scheduled to run at regular times A standard ODIO will overwrite all image data from memory and disks except for Jobs and Folders stored in the Reprint Saved Jobs feature Jobs stored in the Scan to Mailbox feature if installed Fax Dial Directories if fax card is installed and Fax Mailbox contents if fax card is installed A full ODIO will overwrite all image data from memory and disks as well as the items excluded from a standard ODIO 4 5 1 Algorithm The overwrite mechanism for both IIO and ODIO conforms to the U S Department of Defense Directive 5200 28 M Section 7 Part 2 paragraph 7 202 and is common to all WorkCentre Pros The algorithm for the Image Overwrite feature is Step 1 Pattern 1 is written to the sectors containing temporary files IIO or to the entire spooling area of the disks ODIO hex value 0x35 ASCII 5 Step 2 Pattern 2 is written to the sectors containing temporary files IIO or to the entire spooling area of the disks ODIO hex value OxCA ASCIT compliment of 5 Step 3 Pattern 3 is written to
8. The system administrator can enable disable the feature via the LUI or Web UI add or delete users and set usage limits by service for each user If XSA is enabled a walk up user must enter a valid XSA ID before being allowed access to the device The device will confirm that the entered XSA ID matches an authorized user and that the usage limits for the selected service have not been exceeded In this sense XSA acts as an authorization service The system administrator can limit access to device services by setting the usage limits on specific services to zero for users that should not have rights to use the feature After each job is performed the user s balance is updated by the number of impressions or scans performed Services become unavailable to the user when the usage limits are exceeded When XSA is enabled in the print driver or on the Web UI before a print job is submitted an XSA ID must also be entered The ID is sent to the Network controller for validation If the submitted ID is valid the job will print and the user s balance will be updated by the number of impressions performed If the submitted ID is invalid the job is deleted and an error sheet is printed in its place On demand the SA will be able to download a report that shows activity for all of the users The SA can add modify or remove users and their allocations at any point An end user will be able to review their balances by entering a User ID at the LUI or web UI
9. There is no long term retention of image data Subsequent jobs overwrite the data and all images are lost at power off or reboot 65 75 87 11 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 11 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Jodi oni Network This device contains numerous types of data Controller All executable code operating system PDL interpreters Hard Disk network protocols document scheduler etc Spooled documents in PDL format from the network as well as Network Scan jobs prior to export Spooled jobs are buffered in tmp spool 2GB partition and Network Scan jobs are buffered in tmp scan_spool 9GB partition Server IDs server password user IDs user passwords and file locations for Network Scanning All MIB Objects All resident fonts Please note that a Font Management Utility is available to permanently download fonts to the hard disk The hard disk employs a UNIX like format When a job is completed its reference in the directory table is deleted If Immediate Image Overwrite is enabled the sectors containing job image data are overwritten using a 3 pass overwrite algorithm On Demand Image Overwrite allows the user to overwrite the entire spooling area of the hard disk Both IIO and ODIO are available in the Image Overwrite Security Option Kit tmp spool and tmp scan_spool remain at 2GB and 9GB partitions respectively when Image Overwrite is
10. 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 2 1 4 External Connections 32 38 45 55ppm models Not Used ea C RJ11 USB USB Ethernet Serial Port Foreign Host Target RJ 45 9 pin D shell Device I F Figure 2 4 Physical Map of Copy Controller external connections 32 38 45 55 ppm models 65 75 87 ppm models CUI ETEF USB Serial Port Foreign Target 9 pin D shell Device I F Figure 2 5 Physical Map of Copy Controller external connections 65 75 87 ppm models PSW USB Target Port Diagnostics and service CUI USB Target Port Allows connection between the GUI and Network Controller Digital Copier Serial Port Engineering development debug default state is disabled FAX line 1 RJ 11 Supports FAX Modem T 30 protocol only FAX line 2 RJ 11 Supports FAX Modem T 30 protocol only Foreign Device Interface Allows connection of optional access control hardware Scanner Proprietary connection between the Scan Module and the Copy Controller FireWire Dedicated connection between the Network Controller and Copy Controller FireWire spare Inactive Scanning accelerator 65 75 87 models only 10 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 10 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Table 2 4 Copy Controller external co
11. Accounting and the authentication process will take place locally The system administrator can assign authorization privileges on a per user basis User access to services will be provided based on the privileges set for each user in the local accounts database When the device is set for network authentication the user s network credentials will be used to authenticate the user at the network domain controller User s can be entered into groups created at the domain controller At this time support is provided for a System Administrator group Any user listed in the System Administrator group will be granted sys admin privileges at the device Use of network credentials for system administrator login provides more security than the legacy model based on a sys admin PIN allowing for better tracking of sys admin logins by individual users Figure 3 1 provides a schematic view of the authentication and authorization subsystem Use of the local accounts database or the network can be set independently for both authentication and authorization meaning that it is possible to enable network authentication and local authorization or vice versa Usually the device will be set for both authentication and authorization to take place against the same database either local or network 22 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 22 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Local Ul Authentication and Authorizat
12. Net Mgmt apps polling for IETF status objects using any 3rd party Net Mgmt apps New type 2 enumerations from next generation Host optional not support because Host Resources MIBv2 has NOT entered Resources MIB supported the standards track New type 2 enumerations from next generation Printer MIB supported Vendor specific Traps New Printer MIBv2 objects implemented optional not support because Printer MIBv2 has NOT entered the standards track IETF AppleTalk MIB RFC implemented Job monitoring via MIBs Vendor specific MIBs provided to customer IBM Tivoli NetView snap in module walking IETF MIB tree structure using any 3rd party Net Mgmt app e g HP OpenView etc shareware program Vendor specific MIBs implemented Vendor specific client application s provided 40 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 40 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 6 3 Appendix C Standards Network Controller Hardware PCI Specification PCI Local Bus Specification Revision 2 1 100 Megabit Ethernet IEEE 802 3 Universal Serial Bus 1 1 Parallel IEEE 1284 IEEE 1394a FireWire Network Controller Software Function S RFC Standard Internet standard subnetting procedure Broadcasting internet datagrams IP Version 6 IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture ICMP Version 6 Protocol Transition Mechanisms for IPv6 Hosts and Routers Transmission Control Protocol TCP
13. Server responds with the encrypted credentials of the user attempting to sign on 3 The device attempts to decrypt the credentials using the entered password The user is authenticated if the credentials can be decrypted 4 The device then logs onto and queries the LDAP server trying to match an email address against the user s Login Name 5 Ifthe LDAP Query is successful the user s email address is placed in the From field Otherwise the user s login name along with the system domain is used in the From field 6 The user may then add recipient addresses by accessing the Address Book on the LDAP server Please see the User Manual for details Each addition is a separate session to the LDAP server 3 2 2 2 SMB Authentication Windows NT 4 or Windows 2000 Windows 2003 This is also an option that may be enabled on the device and is used in conjunction with all Network Scanning features Scan to File Scan to E mail and Scan to Fax Server The authentication steps vary somewhat depending on the network configuration Listed below are 3 network configurations and the authentication steps Basic Network Configuration Device and Domain Controller are on the same Subnet Authentication Steps 1 The device broadcasts an authentication request that is answered by the Domain Controller 2 The Domain Controller responds back to the device whether or not the user was successfully authenticated If 2 is successful steps 3 5 proceed as d
14. The serial port is used for commands and status Again please refer to the PSW section for details 3 4 3 tty Mode When the Network Controller has completed booting a login line will be displayed This mode is a typical tty window and is password protected This password changes with each major software release The password is stored on the Network Controller hard disk in an encrypted format similarly to how UNIX encrypts and stores passwords Through this port a user can gain information and access to any files or information stored in the Network Controller DRAM or Network Controller hard disk However this mode is only used by a CSE if directed by a Field Engineer when all other diagnostics fail to solve a problem The written repair procedures that direct the CSE never employ this mode 3 4 4 Diagnostics via Portable Service Workstation PSW Port When connected to the PSW Port the PSW provides an extensive suite of diagnostic functions for use by the Xerox Customer Service Engineer CSE The over the wire protocol is Xerox proprietary This port cannot process any other protocol except this proprietary protocol used for machine diagnosis Also the PSW must have an application loaded to connect to and communicate with the device Customer documents or files cannot be accessed during a diagnostic session nor are network servers accessible through this port 3 4 4 1 Access The Xerox Service Technician must be authenticated twice
15. assessment will indicate that these groups are supported as long as the basic MIB structures have been implemented Support Definitions Definition hardware installed within the machine were not fixed MIB objects do not exist implementation was not planned MIB objects exists HOWEVER are NOT populated w meaningful data OR provide only default values OR contain 3 or more major bugs optional optional group that is NOT required by the RFC however an implementation may exist some MIB objects may not be populated w meaningful data SNMP version Network Transport support WorkCentre WorkCentre Pro SNMPv1 RFC 1157 SNMPv2P RFCs 1 40x SNMPv2C RFCs 190x SNMPv3 RFCs 1902 2572 2574 SNMP over UDP IP SNMP over IPX Netware SNMP over NETBEUI Microsoft Networking 38 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 38 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper supported w caveats Finisher cover is shown as open when only the Front Door is open due to detection limitation of status condition supported w caveats only US English language supported Output group 6 objects supported w caveats only 3 i e can accept 1 or more sheets can be supported for the Top Tray C supported w caveats prtConsoleDisable is hardcoded to enabled 3 prtConsoleLocalization hardcoded to 1 supported w caveats limited local UI messaging captured within table C lo
16. cause currently processing print jobs to be aborted However scan jobs will not be aborted and so ODIO might fail The user should insure that all scan jobs have been completed before invoking ODIO Please refer to the customer documentation for a description on how failures are logged 4 5 3 Overwrite Timing The ODIO overwrite time is dependent on the type of hard disk in the product The overwrite and reset average time is 10 minutes but longer times are possible ITO is performed as a background operation with no user perceivable reduction in copy print or scan performance http www dtic mil whs directives corres archives 520028m 0173 p520028m pdf 34 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 34 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper gt Responses to Known Vulnerabilities 5 1 Security Xerox www xerox com security Xerox maintains an evergreen public web page that contains the latest security information pertaining to its products Please see www xerox com security 35 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 35 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper O APPENDICES 6 1 Appendix A Abbreviations DF AHA API AMR ASIC CAT CCITT CSE DADF DADH DC DHCP DNS DDNS DRAM EGP EPC GB HP HTTP IBM ICMP IETF IFAX IIO IIT IT IOT IP IPSec IPX ITU LAN LDAP Automatic Document Feeder Advanced Hardwa
17. 128 All operating system and application executable control code resides MB here e g boot loader scanner paper path xerographic high capacity feeder disk finisher No user image data is stored in this memory NVRAM 128 KB This non volatile memory has no image data stored in it It contains Device set points for xerographic image quality paper path timing and other process control If auditron is enabled user PIN numbers and copy tracking data Table 2 2 Copy Network Controller Hardware Components 2 2 1 3 Hardware 65 75 87ppm models Name Size Purpose Explanation EPC DRAM 128 The EPC DRAM is used to buffer image data as the Marking Engine 512 receives it Subsequent jobs will overwrite the current document so MB there is no long term retention of image data in this memory SRAM 32 MB SRAM is used to store setup and user information associated with copy jobs Flash ROM 16 MB All operating system and application executable control code resides here e g boot loader scanner paper path xerographic high capacity feeder disk finisher No user image data is stored in this memory NVRAM 128 KB This non volatile memory has no image data stored in it It contains Device set points for xerographic image quality paper path timing and other process control If auditron is enabled user PIN numbers and copy tracking data Table 2 3 Copy Controller Hardware Components Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 9 of
18. 3 15 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 15 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 2 OS Layer in the Network Controller The OS layer includes the operating system network and physical I O drivers The baseline for the product launch version of the Network Controller operating system is Red Hat Linux 8 0 kernel version 2 4 20 Red Hat designates the specific distribution for Xerox in the version number extension represented by the field At product launch this was 2 4 20 31 9 1 4xerox Xerox may issue security patches consistent with Flaw Remediation in which case the Xerox portion of the version number will be incremented The crypto library for IPSec is provided by Frees Wan version 1 99 IP Filtering is accomplished by IPTables version 1 2 6a 2 Application layer we Pe n OpenSSL Utility k 1 B E El ree i I 4 O Open Source O Developed by Xerox ka mae Connectivity layer J I 4 I ki y OpenSSL Library mod_ssl oe _ a ee r 2 X OS layer one 59 a Figure 2 7 Network Controller Operating System layer components 2 3 Network Protocols Figure 2 5 is an interface diagram depicting the protocol stacks supported by the device annotated according to the DARPA model A proprietary executive with no networking capability provides the operating environment for the copy controller
19. 675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 3 Fax Card 2 3 1 Purpose The embedded FAX service uses the installed embedded fax card to send and receive images over the telephone interface The FAX card plugs into a PCI slot on the copy controller 2 3 2 Hardware The Fax Card is a printed wiring board assembly containing processor memory and fax modem It connects to the CC via PCI bus The Fax Card is responsible for implementing the T 30 fax protocol and for managing all of the fax specific features of the product The fax telephone lines are connected directly to the Fax Card via RJ 11 connectors Name Size Purpose Explanation Motorola Coldfire MCF5307 90MHz Processor SDRAM 80 MB Scratch pad RAM for executing code No user image data is stored in this memory This memory is initialized to a known state on every power up Flash ROM Contains the executable code Flash 64 MB User document Image data are stored in this non volatile memory NVRAM to 256 Destination phone numbers are also stored here Received jobs can MB be stored in user mailboxes Send jobs may be held for delayed send MODEM 1 Conexant FM336 Fax modem MODEM 2 Requires installation of extended card with additional FM336 Table 2 7 Fax Card Hardware Components 2 4 Scanner 2 4 1 Purpose The purpose of the scanner is to provide mechanical transport of hardcopy originals and to convert hardcopy originals to electronic data 2 4 2 Ha
20. L XCMI Xerox Common Management Interface XSA Xerox Standard Accounting 37 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 37 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 6 2 Appendix B Supported MIB Objects NOTES 1 The number of objects shown per MIB group represents the number of objects defined by the IETF standard for that MIB group It does not represent the instantiation of the MIB group which may contain many more objects 2 Some MIB objects defined within Input and Output groups of the Printer MIB RFC 1759 have a MAX ACCESS of RW However the Printer MIBv2 defines a MIB ACCESS of RO for these MIB objects within the Input and Output groups and all machines assessed support RO access Therefore RO access to these MIB objects is considered IETF compliant 3 Itis assumed that mandatory IETF string related MIB objects shall contain meaningful data not blank strings 4 The C notation indicates that the previously stated item is a true caveat condition The I notation indicates that the previous stated item should be regarded as information only 5 MIB objects that CANNOT be populated with meaningful data e g a machine may not have paper level sensors hence can only support 0 or 3 for more than 1 sheet for prtInputCurrentLevel will be considered a caveat denoted as C 6 The Printer MIB requires a few groups from RFC 1213 and RFC 1514 to be supported Therefore this
21. MTP messages amp images are transmitted to the SMTP server from the device 2 8 2 2 Port 53 DNS Designating a DNS server will allow the device to resolve domain names This can be configured via the WebUI 2 8 2 3 Port 68 DHCP This port is used only when performing DHCP and is not open all of the time To permanently close this port DHCP must be explicitly disabled This is done in User Tools via the Local User Interface or via the TCP IP page in the Properties tab on the WebUI 2 8 2 4 Port 80 HTTP The embedded web pages communicate to the machine through a set of unique APIs and do not have direct access to machine information Network Controller request machine information Ver 2 01 April 2010 response Page 18 of 44 Network XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper The HTTP port can only access the HTTP server residing in the Network Controller The embedded HTTP server is Apache The purpose of the HTTP server is to e Give users information of the status of the device e View the job queue within the device and delete jobs e Allow users to download print ready files and program Scan to File Job Templates e Allow remote administration of the device Many settings that are on the Local UI are replicated in the device s web pages Users may view the properties of the device but not change them
22. User Datagram Protocol networks networks Destination Unreachable message Clarifications and Extensions for the Bootstrap Protocol BOOTP X 509 Certificate RFC references 2247 2293 2459 2510 2511 3280 Hyper Text Transfer Protocol version 1 1 HTTP 2616 1179 File Transfer Protocol FTP 959 SNMPv2 1902 2572 2574 Structure of Management Information SMI for SNMPv1 1155 1212 Structure of Management Information SMI for SNMPv2 1902 1903 1904 IETF MIBs MIB II 1213 Host Resources 1514 RFC 1759 Printer Printer MIB V2 1759 SNMP T 41 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 41 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper RFC Standard Document Printing Application DPA 10175 Appletalk Inside Appletalk Second Edition Printing Description Languages Postscript Language Reference Third Edition PCL6 PCL5E 5SI emulation PCL6 PCLXL 5M emulation TIFF 6 0 JPEG Portable Document Format Reference Manual Version 1 3 42 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 42 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 6 4 Appendix E References Kerberos FAQ http www nrl navy mil CCS people kenh kerberos fag html IP port numbers http Awww iana org assignments port numbers 43 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 43 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper
23. agnostic the Network Controller will execute the diagnostic and report results back to the Marking Engine 5 The Marking Engine will report diagnostic results back to the PSW 3 4 4 4 Accessible Data The only files that are accessible are various log files fault log internal event log complete job log configuration log anda debug log The customer s network is accessible for diagnostic purposes only However there is one diagnostic routine Get Network Connectivity Data where the device will collect data about the network it is on and transmit the data The CSE is expected to seek permission from the customer before connecting the device to the LAN and performing this diagnostic This Novell test will only collect information for devices on the local network It will not provide information for any devices across a router The following data will be stored on the Network Controller e Frame Type local network devices only e Server Name e Server internal network number e Server node Media Access Control address e Server NOS version number e Hop count to device local net The IP test will collect data from all responding IP routers and lpd hosts The following data will be stored on the Network Controller e Network Controller Interface where host discovered Ethernet Token Ring etc e Device subnet mask e Device IP address e Device Media Access Control MAC address The Novell test will NOT collect e Print Queue N
24. ame e Attached to File Server status e Attached to Print Queue status The IP test will NOT collect e Device Name e Gateway IP address 28 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 28 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper e Destination Network number e Hop count to device 3 4 5 Summary As stated above accessibility of customer documents files or network resources is impossible via the PSW In the extremely unlikely event that someone did spoof the Xerox proprietary protocols only diagnostic activities can be executed 29 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 29 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 4 Security Aspects of Selected Features Multifunction models only 4 1 Audit Log The device maintains a security audit log Recording of security audit log data can be enabled or disabled by the SA The audit log is implemented as a circular log containing a maximum of 15000 event entries meaning that once the maximum number of entries is reached the log will begin overwriting the earliest entry Only an SA will be authorized to download the log from the device The log may only be exported over an https connection so SSL must be set up before retrieving the log The log is exported in MS Excel comma separated file format The log does not clear when it is disabled and will persist through power cycles The following table lis
25. c tunnel has been established between the agent the device and the manager i e the user s PC The device supports SNMPv3 which is an encrypted version of the SNMP protocol that uses a shared secret Secure Sockets Layer must be enabled before configuring the shared secret needed for SNMPv3 2 8 2 9 Port 389 LDAP This is the standard LDAP port used for address book queries in the Scan to Email feature 2 8 2 10 Port 396 Netware This configurable port is used when Novell Netware is enabled to run over IP 2 8 2 11 Port 427 SLP When activated this port is used for service discovery and advertisement The device will advertise itself as a printer and also listen for SLP queries using this port It is not configurable This port is explicitly enabled disabled in the Properties tab of the device s web pages 2 8 2 12 Port 443 SSL This is the default port for Secure Sockets Layer communication This port can be configured via the device s web pages SSL must be enabled before setting up either SNMPv3 or IPSec or before retrieving the audit log see Sec Error Reference source not found SSL must also be enabled in order to use any of the Web Services Scan Template Management Automatic Meter Reads or Network Scanning Validation Service SSL should be enabled so that the device can be securely administered from the web UI If the optional scanning feature has been purchased SSL can be used to secure the filing channel
26. cal UI button selection messages are not captured within table Console Display Light group 5 objects supported w caveats only the Power Saver LED is supported the other LEDs were not implemented because they represent local UI menu activations I Alert Table group 8 objects Alert Time group 7 object OPTIONAL RFC 1514 Host Resources MIB group WorkCentre WorkCentre Pro supported w caveats hrDeviceStatus for xcmHrDeviceScanner does not work hrDeviceErrors for xcmHrDeviceScanner does not work all other device error counts AND hrDeviceStatus are not supported supported w caveats hrFSLastFullBackupDate amp hrFSLastPartialBackupDate are not supported Software Installed group 7 objects OPTIONAL UDP group 6 objects EGP group 20 objects not applicable because Exterior Gateway Protocol not supported by machine 39 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 39 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper RFC 1213 MIB II for TCP IP group WorkCentre WorkCentre Pro Transmission group 0 objects not applicable because the group has not yet been defined by the IETF SNMP group 28 objects System Object Resources Table objects per RFC 1907 8 objects Additional Capabilities Application Support WorkCentre WorkCentre Pro ability to change GET SET TRAP PDU community names Printer MIB traps SNMP Generic Traps set trap destination address es for any 3rd party
27. e from the Local UI Xerox has received an opinion from its legal counsel that the device software including the implementation of a Kerberos encryption protocol in its network authentication feature is not subject to encryption restrictions based on Export Administration Regulations of the United States Bureau of Export Administration BXA This means that it can be exported 19 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 19 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper from the United States to most destinations and purchasers without the need for previous approval from or notification to BXA At the time of the opinion restricted destinations and entities included terrorist supporting states Cuba Iran Libya North Korea Sudan and Syria their nationals and other sanctioned entities such as persons listed on the Denied Parties List Xerox provides this information for the convenience of its customers and not as legal advice Customers are encouraged to consult with legal counsel to assure their own compliance with applicable export laws 2 8 2 6 Port 110 POP 3 Client This unidirectional port is used when receiving an Internet Fax I Fax or E Mail These jobs may only be printed and the port is only open if I Fax is enabled and while receiving the job It is not configurable 2 8 2 7 Ports 137 138 139 NETBIOS For print jobs these ports support the submission of files for printing as well as su
28. ement a digital copier and works together with the Fax card to implement embedded fax functionality The Copy Controller contains the image path which uses proprietary hardware and algorithms to process the scanned images into high quality reproductions Among other 8 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 8 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper common copier functions the CC works with the EPC DRAM to enable electronic pre collation sometimes referred to as scan once print many When producing multiple copies of a document the scanned image is processed and buffered in the EPC DRAM ina proprietary format The buffered bitmaps are then read from EPC DRAM and sent to the Image Output Terminal IOT for marking on hardcopy output For long documents the production of hardcopy may begin before the entire original is scanned achieving a level of concurrency between the scan and mark operations The Copy Controller works with the Graphical User Interface GUI assembly to provide System Configuration functions A System Administrator PIN must be entered at the GUI in order to access these functions 2 2 1 2 Hardware 32 38 45 55ppm models Name Size Purpose Explanation PowerQUICC III MPC8545 1200MHz DRAM 1GB System workspace and temporary image store Subsequent jobs will overwrite the current document so there is no long term retention of image data in this memory Flash ROM
29. erial number Overwrite Status Scan to Mailbox job Job name or Dir name User Name Completion Status ITO status Delete File Dir Job name or Dir name User Name Completion Status IIO status ica SA a Device name Device serial number SASON ee St Status Success or Failed ae Login UserName Device name Device serial number Completion Status Success or Failed 26 Service Login Service name m Device name Device serial number 31 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 31 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Tagged Event Event Entry Data index ID description P Completion status Success or Failed Device name Device serial number Audit log download UserName Device serial number Completion status Device name Device Serial Number Completion status Success or Failed IIO feature status IIO Status enabled or disabled 3 SA pin changed UserName Device name Device serial number Completion status Audit log Transfer UserName UserName Device name 3 SSL UserName Device name Device serial number Completion status Enabled Disabled UserName Device name Device serial number 38 X509 certificate Completion Status Created uploaded Downloaded Device name Device serial number Completion Status Configured enabled disabled 4 Network Authentication Completion Status Enabled Disabled 4 Device clock UserName Device name Device
30. escribed in steps 4 6 of the Kerberos section Device and Domain Controller are on different Subnets SA defines IP Address of Domain Controller Authentication Steps 1 The device sends an authentication request directly to the Domain Controller through the router using the IP address of the Domain Controller 2 The Domain Controller responds back to the device through the router whether or not the user was successfully authenticated If 2 is successful steps 3 5 proceed as described in 4 6 of Kerberos section 24 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 24 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Router Subnet 1 Domain Controller WorkCentre or WorkCentre Pro Device and Domain Controller are on different Subnets SA defines Hostname of Domain Controller Authentication Steps 1 The device sends the Domain Controller hostname to the DNS Server Router one ae a ae a 4 7 7 7 IN 7 3 r 4 gt 1 t f I I Subnet 1 N N s N N N N N N N N N N lt 4 Subnet 2 WorkCentre or Domain Controller WorkCentre Pro I i DNS Server 2 The DNS Server returns the IP Address of the Domain Controller 6 _ __ LDAP Server LDAP Server 3 The de
31. essessssssessessessesseeseessesesseeseens 38 6 3 Appendix C Stdndrds ec esessssssscsscsscsscsccnecsncsssssssssssesccnscnccnccascancascascanceneess 41 3 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 3 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 6 4 Appendix E RET CLEINCES cruris anaa a A 43 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 4 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 1 Introduction The WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Multifunction Systems are among the latest versions of Xerox copier and multifunction devices for the general office 1 1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to disclose information for the WorkCentre products with respect to device security Device Security for this paper is defined as how image data is stored and transmitted how the product behaves in a networked environment and how the product may be accessed both locally and remotely Please note that the customer is responsible for the security of their network and the WorkCentre products do not establish security for any network environment The purpose of this document is to inform Xerox customers of the design functions and features of the WorkCentre products relative to Information Assurance IA This document does NOT provide tutorial level information about security connectivity PDLs or WorkCentre products features and functions This in
32. f the device s web pages 2 8 2 14 Port 631 IPP This port supports the Internet Printing Protocol It is not configurable This is disabled when the http server is disabled 2 8 2 15 Port 1900 SSDP This port behaves similarly to the SLP port When activated this port is used for service discovery and advertisement The device will advertise itself as a printer and also listen for SSDP queries using this port It is not configurable This port is explicitly enabled disabled in the Properties tab of the device s web pages 2 8 2 16 Port 3003 http SNMP reply This port is used when the http server requests device information The user displays the Web User Interface WebUI and goes to a page where the http server must query the device for settings e g Novell network settings The http server queries the machine via an internal SNMP request hence this port can only open when the http server is active The machine replies back to the http server via this port It sends the reply to the loopback address 127 0 0 0 which is internally routed to the http server This reply is never transmitted on the network Only SNMP replies are accepted by this port and this port is active when the http server is active i e if the http server is disabled this port will be closed If someone attempted to send an SNMP reply to this port via the network the reply would have to contain the correct sequence number which is highly unlikely since the seque
33. formation is readily available elsewhere We assume that the reader has a working knowledge of these types of topics However a number of references are included in the Appendix 1 2 Target Audience The target audience for this document is Xerox field personnel and customers concerned with IT security 1 3 Disclaimer The information in this document is accurate to the best knowledge of the authors and is provided without warranty of any kind In no event shall Xerox Corporation be liable for any damages whatsoever resulting from user s use or disregard of the information provided in this document including direct indirect incidental consequential loss of business profits or special damages even if Xerox Corporation has been advised of the possibility of such damages Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 5 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 Device Description WorkCentre products consist of two basic modules a digital copier module that provides conventional copy functions and features and a Network Controller that provides the capability to connect the copier to a LAN CopyCentre models of these products are available which provide copy only features and do not include a Network Controller Document Feeder amp Scanner IIT Graphical User Interface GUI Office Finisher Paper Trays The Network Controller is located at the lower rear of the ie
34. h system timeout 2 The device ignores clock skew errors In a standard implementation of Kerberos authentication tests will fail if a device clock is 5 minutes or more different from the Kerberos server The reason for this is that given enough time someone could reverse engineer the authentication and gain access to the network With the 5 minute timeout the person has just 5 minutes to reverse engineer the authentication and the key before it becomes invalid It was determined during the implementation of Kerberos for our device that it would be too difficult for the user SA to keep the device clock in sync with the Kerberos server so the Xerox instantiation of Kerberos has the clock skew check removed The disadvantage is that this gives malicious users unlimited time to reverse engineer the user s key However since this key is only valid to access the Network Scanning features on a device possession of this key is of little use for nefarious purposes 3 The device ignores much of the information provided by Kerberos for authenticating For the most part the device only pays attention to information that indicates whether authentication has passed Other information that the server may return e g what services the user is authenticated for is ignored or disabled in the Xerox implementation This is not an issue since the only service a user is being authenticated for is access to an e mail directory No other network services are accessibl
35. hysical Boundary interface Physical external lt PSTN Ru 11 Port Figure 2 2 2 TOE System Partitioning multi board controller configuration 65 75 and 87 ppm models Human Interface Original 4 z 23 5 b O 3 F o oF o L T y 5 ko Graphical User Scanner gt Interface also Document Handler known as Local lt User Interface S Y Ke al rs weg pO Ce Ethernet Port Serial Port Port Inactiv Image Output S e l Proprietary Terminal also External Interf Hardcopy ost Ports 2 lt External Interface Controller Interface W known as Marking ternal Inter aC inisher Firewire Port Unused Engine Firewire Port Monitor Port yo yw C amp P 4 emaj y tery Ce PSW USB Target ax Car ort oeral Fort Foreign Device Interface Scanner Interface Firewire Ports P e TOE Physical Boundary External Interfac lt PSTN Ru 11 Port Figure 2 2 3 TOE System Partitioning single board Controller configuration 32 38 45 and 55ppm models 7 Page 7 of 44 Ver 2 01 April 2010 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 1 2 Security Functions allocated to Subsystems Security Function HLD Subsystem Image Overwrite Network Controller Copy Controller Graphical User Interface System Authentication Network Controller Co
36. ics mode for the first time the service representative should change the PIN to something known only to him or his local team On subsequent logins the secure diagnostics PIN must be entered followed by the standard diagnostics PIN in order to gain access to the diagnostics menu 3 4 2 Alternate Boot via Network Controller Serial Port Alternate Boot Alt boot is a means for the Portable Service Workstation PSW to directly connect to the Network Controller The primary purpose of Alternate Boot is to provide the capability to boot the Network Controller in case of hard disk failure to perform system diagnostics and load Network Controller software independent of other sub systems To enter this mode a user must strike any key on the PSW within 10 seconds of power on If the 10 seconds times out then the normal boot sequence occurs and the serial port acts as a typical tty see next section However if this mode is entered a Xerox unique serial protocol is used to communicate to the alt boot code All commands are DOS type menu driven i e type in a number to start a command If a PSW is connected the application on the PSW cannot be accessed without logging on with a password see next section 26 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 26 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper If the PSW is used and is successfully logged on then the Ethernet port is used to download executable files
37. installed Table 2 5 Network Controller Hardware Components 12 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 12 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 2 2 3 External Connections 65 75 87ppm models only USB Host USB Host Ethernet Serial Port 9 pin D shell Network 3 Controller or Firewire Firewire lt unused gt S2X USB Target and Parallel Port for Direct Printing Figure 2 6 Physical Connections located on the Network Controller at lower rear of the machine 10 100 MB Ethernet RJ 45 Network Network Connectivity Connector Network Controller Network Controller Serial Port Diagnostic use amp Engineering development debug Network Controller USB Target Network Controller Optional interface allows direct printing Parallel Port mini Centronics Optional interface allows direct printing Network Controller FireWire Dedicated connection between the Network Controller a Copy Controller S2X Scanning accelerator 65 75 87 models only Table 2 6 Network Controller external interfaces 2 2 2 4 Internal Interfaces The NC communicates with the CC across a proprietary interface over an externally cabled Firewire connection The NC communicates with the GUI scanner FAX card and Hardcopy Marking subsystems through the CC 13 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 13 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5
38. ion Subsystem Virtual keyboard Secure Access CAC User presses Access button Get Credentials User selects Properties page Enable SSL to ensure secure communication between client and device Authentication Local Ul Kerberos NDS SMB LDAP User authenticated against Local Account s database Authorization up membership determined at domain controller Loca authorization against Local accounts database cr Domain Contr Domain Controller Authentication Failure Device provides access to authorized services Authentication and Authorization complete user continues with tasks Figure 3 1 Authentication and Authorization schematic 23 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Mey e Web UI Get Credentials Web UI Authentication Failure Page 23 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 3 2 Login and Authentication Methods There are a number of methods for different types of users to be authenticated In addition the connected versions of the product also log into remote servers A description of these behaviors follows 3 2 1 System Administrator Login All product configurations Users must authenticate themselves to the device To access the User Tools via the Local UI a numerical PIN is req
39. machine in networked versions of 65 75 87ppm models In 32 38 45 55 models it is combined with the copy controller and located in a tray under the scanner Figure 2 1 WorkCentre Multifunction System 2 1 Security relevant Subsystems 2 1 1 Physical Partitioning The security relevant subsystems of the product are physically partitioned as shown inFigure 2 2 2 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 6 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Human Interface Original A Os 3 a oS 2 B So Z Sx 3 3 a y EI y D ZS Graphical User Scanner w 2 Interface also Document Handler Q S known as Local g e User Interface oO x E Rs TOE inte Mal Witing F 45 PPrietay eae y Ethernet Port Serial Port USB Target Port Inactive Copy Controller TOE internal Image Output Physical external ae also known as ne Terminal also Hardcopy USB Host Ports 2 lt e interfaces Be Network Controller Firewire canner image a known as Marking Paper output eae inicher Firewire Port Unused Processor proprietaiy Engine Firewire Port Monitor Port 4 i we v oS 2 y Si eo A Cal erto Nay hto Yy Ace Power Cord Ee ie extemal Power Supply PSW USB Target Interface Fax Card a Port Serial Port Foreign Device Interface Scanner A Interface Firewire Ports TOE P
40. mpts to use the scan to email feature At the time the LDAP server must be accessed the device will log into the LDAP server The device uses simple authentication on the LDAP server A network username and password must be assigned to the device The device logs in as a normal user with read only privileges User credentials are not used for this authentication step and are never transmitted over the network Scan to Fax Server The device logs in to the Fax Server as set up by the SA in User Tools on the Local UI or from the Properties tab on the WebUI Please note that when the device logs into any server the device username and password are sent over the network in clear text unless SSL has been enabled or IPSec has been configured to encrypt the traffic 3 3 2 2 Scan Template Management This is a web service that allows the SA to manage templates stored in a remote template pool The connection to the remote pool can be secured with SSL 3 4 Diagnostics 3 4 1 Service All product configurations To access onboard diagnostics from the local user interface Xerox service representatives must enter a unique 4 digit password This PIN is the same for all product configurations and cannot be changed For additional security a Xerox authorized service representative can enable a secure diagnostics mode In this mode the service representative must enter two PINs to access onboard diagnostics When enabling the secure diagnost
41. nce numbers are internal to the machine 2 8 2 17 Port 9100 raw IP This allows downloading a PDL file directly to the interpreter This port has limited bi directionality via PJL back channel and allows printing only This is a configurable port and may be disabled in either 1 User Tools via the Local User Interface or 2 in the Properties tab of the device s web pages 2 8 3 1P Filtering The devices contain a static host based firewall that provides the ability to prevent unauthorized network access based on IP address and or port number Filtering rules can be set by the SA using the WebUI An authorized SA can create rules to Accept Reject Drop for ALL or a range of IP addresses In addition to specifying IP addresses to filter an authorized SA can enable disable all traffic over a specified transport layer port 21 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 21 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 3 System Access 3 1 Authentication Model The authentication model allows for both local and network authentication and authorization In the local and network cases authentication and authorization take place as separate processes a user must be authenticated before being authorized to use the services of the device If the device is set for local authentication user account information will be kept in a local accounts database see the discussion in Chapter 4 of Xerox Standard
42. nnections 2 2 1 5 Internal Interfaces The interfaces between the Copy Controller and other subsystems see Error Reference source not found are logically internal to the DEVICE All of these interfaces are also physically internal to the DEVICE except for the connection to the Network Controller which uses an externally cabled Firewire connection Proprietary protocols are implemented on all internal interfaces 2 2 2 Network Controller NC 2 2 2 1 Purpose The Network Controller provides both network and direct connect external interfaces and enables print email network scan internet FAX and LanFAX functionality Network scanning Internet fax and LanFax are optional features An Image Overwrite Security kit is available which enables both Immediate and On Demand overwrite of any temporary image data created on the NC disk The Network Controller also incorporates an open source web server Apache that exports a Web User Interface WebUI through which users can submit jobs and check job and machine status and through which System Administrators can remotely administer the machine The Network Controller is sometimes referred to as the Electronic Subsystem ESS An optional interface card is available that allows direct host based printing over USB target and Parallel connections This card is installed in one of two available PCI slots in the NC The Network Controller is equipped with a 1 0GHz AMD Duron microprocessor The Net
43. pport Network Authentication through SMB Port 137 is the standard NetBIOS Name Service port which is used primarily for WINS Port 138 supports the CIFS browsing protocol Port 139 is the standard NetBIOS Session port which is used for printing Ports 138 and 139 may be configured in either 1 User Tools via the Local User Interface or 2 in the Properties tab of the device s web pages but Port 137 can only be configured via the web For Network Scanning features ports 138 and 139 are used for both outbound i e exporting scanned images and associated data and inbound functionality i e retrieving Scan Templates In both instances these ports are only open when the files are being stored to the server or templates are being retrieved from the Template Pool For these features SMB protocol is used 2 8 2 8 Ports 161 162 SNMP These ports support the SNMPv1 SNMPv2c and SNMPv3 protocols Please note that SNMP v1 does not have any password or community string control SNMPv2 relies on a community string to keep unwanted people from changing values or browsing parts of the MIB This community string is transmitted on the network in clear text so anyone sniffing the network can see the password Xerox strongly recommends that the customer change the community string upon product installation SNMP is configurable and may be explicitly enabled or disabled in the Properties tab of the device s web pages SNMP traffic may be secured if an IPSe
44. py Controller Graphical User Interface Network Authentication Network Controller Graphical User Interface Security Audit Network Controller Cryptographic Operations Network Controller Fax Flow Security Fax Card Network Controller Copy Controller Graphical User Interface Security Management Network Controller Copy Controller Graphical User Interface Table 2 1 Security Functions allocated to Subsystems 2 2 Controller There are two controller configurations in this family To reduce cost in the 32 38 45 and 55ppm models the Copy Controller and Network Controller have been consolidated into one physical printed wiring board referred to as the single board controller SBC configuraiton In the 65 75 and 87ppm models the copy controller and the network controller remain as two separate printed wiring boards This configuration is referred to as the multi board controller MBC configuration The software architecture in both configurations is the same In the 65 75 and 87 models the copy controller software and network controller software communicate using RPC calls over a Firewire physical interface In the 32 38 45 and 55ppm models the copy controller software and network controller software execute on a common processor within separate and unshared memory spaces and continue to communicate with RPC calls 2 2 1 Copy Controller CC 2 2 1 1 Purpose The Copy Controller provides all of the functions necessary to impl
45. rdware The scanner converts the image from hardcopy to electronic data An optional document handler moves originals into a position to be scanned The scanner provides enough image processing for signal conditioning and formatting The scanner does not store scanned images All other image processing functions are in the copy controller The scanner has 1MB of non volatile executable code and 128KB of scratchpad RAM 2 4 3 Control and Data Interfaces Scanned images are transmitted from the scanner to the copy controller across a proprietary interface 2 5 Graphical User Interface GUI 2 5 1 Purpose The GUI detects soft and hard button actuations and provides text and graphical prompts to the user The GUI is sometimes referred to as the Local UI LUI to distinguish it from the WebUI which is exported by the web service 14 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 14 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper that runs in the Network Controller Images are not transmitted to or stored in the GUI The Start hard button is located on the GUI panel 2 5 2 Hardware Name Size Purpose Explanation Motorola Dragonball 68VZ328 33 33MHZ DRAM 32 MB Used for display buffers of the user interface No user image data is stored in this volatile memory Specifically cryptographic secrets are not entered via the GUI This memory is initialized to a known state on every power up Fla
46. re Architecture a proprietary compression Application Programming Interface Automatic Meter Reads Application Specific Integrated Circuit This is a custom integrated circuit that is unique to a specific product Customer Administration Tool Comite Consultatif International de Telegraphique et Telephonique International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee now ITU T Customer Service Engineer Duplex Automatic Document Feeder Handler Digital Copier Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Domain Name Server A centralized database that maps host names to static IP addresses Dynamic Domain Name Server Maps host names to dynamic static IP addresses Dynamic Random Access Memory Exterior Gateway Protocol Electronic PreCollation Gigabyte Hewlett Packard Hypertext transfer protocol International Business Machines Internet Control Message Protocol Internet Engineering Task Force Internet Fax Immediate Image Overwrite Image Input Terminal the scanner Information Technology Image Output Terminal the marking engine Internet Protocol Internet Protocol Security Internet Protocol Exchange International Telecommunications Union Local Area Network Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 36 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 36 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper LDAP Server Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Server Typically the same server that is u
47. ryption Standard and 64 bit encryption The Kerberos code is limited to user authentication and is used to authenticate a user with a given Kerberos server as a valid user on the network Please note that the Kerberos server a 3 party device needs to be set up for each user Once the user is authenticated the Kerberos software has completed its task This code will not and cannot be used to encrypt or decrypt documents or other information This feature is based on the Kerberos program from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT The Kerberos network authentication protocol is publicly available on the Internet as freeware at http web mit edu kerberos www Xerox has determined that there are no export restrictions on this version of the software However there are a few deviations our version of Kerberos takes from the standard Kerberos implementation from MIT These deviations are 1 The device does not keep a user s initial authentication and key after the user has been authenticated In a standard Kerberos implementation once a user is authenticated the device holds onto the authentication for a programmed timeout the usual default is 12 hours or until the user removes it prior to the timeout period In the Xerox implementation all traces of authentication of the user are removed once they have been authenticated to the device The user can send any number of jobs until the user logs off the system either manually or throug
48. sed for email It contains information about users such as name phone number and email address It can also include a users login alias LED Light Emitting Diode LPR Line Printer Request LZ Lempel Ziv a type of compression MAC Media Access Control MIB Management Information Base n a not applicable NC Network Controller NDPS Novell Distributed Print Services NETBEUI NETBIOS Extended User Interface NETBIOS Network Basic Input Output System NOS Network Operating System NVRAM Non Volatile Random Access Memory NVM Non Volatile Memory ODIO On Demand Image Overwrite PCL Printer Control Language PDL Page Description Language PIN Personal Identification Number PROM Programmable Read Only Memory PWBA Printed Wire Board Assembly PSW Portable Service Workstation PWS alternative acronym for Portable Service Workstation RFC Required Functional Capability ROM Read Only Memory ROS Raster Output Scanner SA System Administrator SIMM Single In line Memory Module SLP Service Location Protocol SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SRAM Static Random Access Memory SSDP Simple Service Discovery Protocol SSL Secure Sockets Layer TCP Transmission Control Protocol TIFF Tagged Image File Format UI User Interface URL Uniform Resource Locator UDP User Datagram Protocol WebUI Web User Interface the web pages resident in the WorkCentre Pro These are accessible through any browser using the machine s IP address as the UR
49. serial number Completion Status time changed date changed 38 44 SW upgrade Device name Completion Status Success Failed 5 6 7 39 IP sec UserName Device name Device serial number Completion Status Configured enabled disabled 40 SNMPv3 UserName Device name Device serial number Completion Status Configured enabled disabled IP Filtering Rules UserName 2 UserName Device name Device serial number 3 5 Cloning Device name Device serial number Completion Status Success Failed Secure scanning Device name Device serial number Completion Status Certificate Validation success certificate validation failed 41 47 Secure Device name authentication Device serial number 32 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 32 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Tagged Event Event Entry Data index ID description ee 44 49 Po P Completion status completed w errors 50 Process crash Device name Device serial number Process name 51 ODIO scheduled Device name Device serial number ODIO type Full or Standard Scheduled time ODIO status Started Completed canceled Completion Status Success Failed Canceled 4 2 Xerox Standard Accounting Xerox Standard Accounting XSA intended primarily for use as an accounting service can be used as an internal authorization service XSA tracks copy scan including filing and email print and fax usage by individual user
50. sh ROM 16 MB Contains the executable code language dependent strings and icons that are displayed Up to 20 languages are stored in 1 SIMM Language selection may be restricted to the SA only Code can be upgraded via the PSW Portable Service Workstation or Customer Administration Tools CAT or by copying from a master SIMM Display Monochrome Liquid Crystal Display 640 x 240 pixels Table 2 8 UI Hardware Components 2 5 3 Control and Data Interfaces The GUI communicates with the copy controller across a proprietary interface 2 6 Marking Engine also known as the Image Output Terminal or IOT 2 6 1 Purpose The Marking Engine performs copy print paper feeding and transport image marking and fusing and document finishing Images are not stored at any point in these subsystems 2 6 2 Hardware The marking engine is comprised of paper supply trays and feeders paper transport laser scanner xerographics and paper output and finishing 2 6 3 Control and Data Interfaces Images and control signals are transmitted from the copy controller to the marking engine across a proprietary interface 2 System Software Structure 2 1 Qpen source components Open source components in the connectivity layer implement high level protocol services The security relevant connectivity layer components are e Apache 1 3 27 with mod_ssl integrated http and https e OpenSSL 0 9 7a SSL e SAMBA 3 0 22 SMB e Netsnmp 5 0 9 SNMPv
51. stem Software Structure uu ee cecsesssessessessesssesscssesssecssssesssecscssesssesseesscesceaseeses 15 2 8 Logical Access Multifunction models only ssssssss0000000000000000000000111101000sssss 17 a TAEC pee E ve yee ero 22 3 1 Authentication Mode liisis sieaa nre Re 22 3 2 Login and Authentication Method ccccessesssssssssesessessessessssssssscssessessesees 24 3 3 TA OU eRe ener mean ne ene eee nO opr ne ner eee rT 25 3 4 Dy ola 9 0 i caeeeneerne ree tee eee ae en ean tre tee ne eee ee eT ee ee ae ee tee 26 4 Security Aspects of Selected Features uc cccsscssssessssesessesessesessesesecseseeseseesees 30 4 1 AUO SOG cstascscante aceastctenscoterescastotsasnstesseaceastasvastoiassautateresststicsmaeigaraanuaenouennoneis 30 4 2 Xerox Standard ACCOouUnNtInNg sssse sesssssscerssssssscrsosssssectrossssssecreosssssscresssssssceress 33 4 3 Automatic Meter Reads ea meeneceneneee nee eer neren cent nreee renter trier ener err ere reece 33 4 4 ENEY OA POO oorp E S traaatanaecus 33 4 5 lage OVEN ota acta teste n ca tees ade daticeteeatbsecectanteces tk 34 5 Responses to Known Vulnerabilities oo esesesscsesesscsesessesesessssesesesseseeeeees 35 5 1 Security Xerox www xerox com security o sessessessesseestesessessessecseestesseesee 35 o APRENDICES en E E E A 36 6 1 Appendix A Abbreviations 0 ccecssessssssessessessessessessessssssssesscssessessecsecseceseeseess 36 6 2 Appendix B Supported MIB ODjeCtS u ccc cec
52. the sectors containing temporary files IIO or to the entire spooling area of the disks ODIO hex value 0x97 ASCII Step 4 10 of the overwritten area is sampled to ensure Pattern 3 was properly written The 10 sampling is accomplished by sampling a random 10 of the overwritten area 4 5 2 User Behavior This feature is available as the Image Overwrite Security Option Kit please see your Xerox Sales representative for pricing and ordering details This kit provides overwrite functionality for the Network Controller Hard Disk in this set of products Once enabled IIO is invoked automatically immediately prior to the completion of a print network scan internet fax network fax or e mail job If IIO completes successfully status is displayed in the Job Queue However if IIO fails a popup will appear on the Local UI recommending that the user run ODIO and a failure sheet will be printed ODIO may be invoked either from the Local UI in Tools Pathway or from the CentreWare Internet Services Web UI Network functions will be delayed until the overwrite is completed Copying is unavailable while the overwrite itself is underway but copies may be made while the Network Controller is booting Upon completion and verification of the ODIO process a confirmation sheet is printed which indicates the status of the overwrite The completion status can be successful failed cancelled or timed out Please note that invocation of ODIO will
53. to a remote repository SSL uses X 509 certificates to establish trust between two ends of a communication channel When storing scanned images to a remote repository using an https connection the device must verify the certificate provided by the remote repository A Trusted Certificate Authority certificate should be uploaded to the device in this case To securely administer the device the user s browser must be able to verify the certificate supplied by the device A certificate signed by a well known Certificate Authority CA can be downloaded to the device or the device can generate a self signed certificate In the first instance the device creates a Certificate Signing Request CSR that can be downloaded and forwarded to the well known CA for signing The signed device certificate is then uploaded to the device Alternatively the device will generate a self signed certificate In this case the generic Xerox root CA certificate must be downloaded from the device and installed in the certificate store of the user s browser The device supports only server authentication 20 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 20 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 2 8 2 13 Port 515 LPR This is the standard LPR printing port which only supports IP printing It is a configurable port and may be explicitly enabled or disabled in User Tools via the Local User Interface or in the Properties tab o
54. ts the events that are recorded in the log E mm description Device serial number 2 System shutdown Device name E je e 7 started Device serial number ODIO Standard Device name T Device serial number Overwrite Status Print job Job name User Name Completion Status ITO status Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID Network scan job Job name User Name Completion Status ITO status Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID total number net destination net destination 7 7 Server fax job Job name C User Name Completion Status IIO status 30 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 30 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 56 75 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper Tagged Event Event Entry Data index ID description Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID Total fax recipient phone numbers fax recipient phone numbers net destination IFAX Job name User Name Completion Status ITO status Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID total number of smtp recipients smtp recipients Email job Job name User Name Completion Status ITO status Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID total number of smtp recipients Deveename recipients Derer o mm ee a number Device ae number 14 Ma is Fax Job Job name E User Name Completion Status ITO status Accounting User ID Accounting Account ID Total fax recipient phone numbers fax Tencere phone numbers H Device a a number Full complete Device name Device s
55. uired The customer can set the PIN to anywhere from 3 to 12 digits in length This PIN is stored in the Copy Controller NVM and is inaccessible to the user Xerox strongly recommends that this PIN be changed from its default value immediately upon product installation The PIN should be set to a minimum of 8 characters in length and changed at least once per month Longer PINs can be changed less frequently a 9 digit PIN would be good for a year The same PIN is used to access the Administration screens in the Web UI 3 2 2 User authentication Users may authenticate to the device using Kerberos LDAP SMB Domain or NDS authentication protocols Once the user is authenticated to the device the user may proceed to use the Network Scanning features listed above The WebUI allows an SA to set up a default authentication domain and as many as 10 additional alternate authentication domains The device will attempt to authenticate the user at each domain server in turn until authentication is successful or the list is exhausted 3 2 2 1 Kerberos Authentication Solaris or Windows 2000 Windows 2003 This is an option that must be enabled on the device and is used in conjunction with all Network Scanning features Scan to File Scan to E mail and Scan to Fax Server The authentication steps are 1 A User enters a user name and password at the device in the Local UI The device sends an authentication request to the Kerberos Server 2 The Kerberos
56. vice sends an authentication request directly to the Domain Controller through the router using the IP address of the Domain Controller 4 The Domain Controller responds back to the device through the router whether or not the user was successfully authenticated If 4 is successful steps 5 7 proceed as described in steps 4 6 of the Kerberos section 3 2 2 3 DDNS The implementation in the device does not support any security extensions 3 3 System Accounts 3 3 1 Printing Multifunction models only The device may be set up to connect to a print queue maintained on a remote print server The login name and password are sent to the print server in clear text IPSec should be used to secure this channel 25 Ver 2 01 April 2010 Page 25 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper 3 3 2 Network Scanning Multifunction models only Network Scanning may require the device to log into a server The instances where the device logs into a server are detailed in the following table Users may also need to authenticate for scanning This authentication is detailed in subsequent sections 3 3 2 1 Device log on Scan to File Public Template The device logs in to the scan repository as set up by the SA in User Tools Scan to E mail I Fax The device logs into an LDAP Server as set up by the SA in User Tools It will only log into the Server when a user atte
57. with SNMPv2 tools HP Open View etc providing security for SNMP SETs and GETS with an otherwise insecure protocol SNMP Traps may not be secure if either the client or the device has just been rebooted IP Filtering can be useful to prevent SNMP calls from non IPSec clients Once an IPSec channel is established between two points it stays open until one end reboots or goes into power saver Only network clients and servers will have the ability to establish an IPSec tunnel with the machine Thus device initiated Ver 2 01 April 2010 17 Page 17 of 44 XEROX WorkCentre 5632 5638 5645 5655 5665 5675 5687 Information Assurance Disclosure Paper operations like scanning cannot assume the existence of the tunnel unless a print job or other client initiated action has been previously run since the last boot at either end of the connection 2 8 2 Ports The following table summarizes all potential open ports and subsequent sections discuss each port in more detail Default Type Service name Port 68 UDP BOOTP DHCP gt gt 80 TCR HP 631 TCP PR Please note that there is no ftp port in this list ftp is only used to export scanned images and to retrieve Scan Job Templates and will open port 21 on the remote device An ftp port is never open on the Network Controller itself 2 8 2 1 Port 25 SMTP This unidirectional port is open only when Scan to E mail or Internet Fax I Fax is exporting images to an SMTP server S
58. without logging into the machine with administrator privileges The HTTP server can only host the web pages resident on the hard disk of the device It does not and cannot act as a proxy server to get outside of the network the device resides on Hence the server cannot access any networks or web servers outside of the customer firewall When the device is configured with an IP address it is as secure as any device inside the firewall The web pages are accessible only to authorized users of the network inside the firewall This service and port may be disabled in User Tools via the Local User Interface or via the TCP IP page in the Properties tab on the WebU Please note that when this is disabled IPP Port 631 is also disabled HTTP may be secured by enabling Secure Sockets Layer 2 8 2 4 1 Proxy Server The device can be configured to communicate through a proxy server Features that can make use of a proxy server include the Automatic Meter Read feature scanning to a remote repository or retrieving scan templates from a remote template pool 2 8 2 5 Port 88 Kerberos This port is only open when the device is communicating with the Kerberos server to authenticate a user and is only used only to authenticate users in conjunction with the Network Scanning feature To disable this port authentication must be disabled and this is accomplished via the Local User Interface This version of software has Kerberos 5 1 1 with DES Data Enc
59. work Controller NC runs RedHat Linux kernel v 2 4 20 Note This baseline may be updated as indicated by the sign See Section Error Reference source not found Unnecessary services such as rsh telnet and finger are disabled in the OS FTP is used in client only mode by the optional Network Scanning feature for the filing of scanned images and the retrieval of Scan Templates however the NC does not contain an FTP server 2 2 2 2 Hardware 65 75 87ppm models only Name Size Purpose Explanation AMD Athlon 1 4 GHz 256 MB The executable software is loaded from disk and runs in this 512 memory It is also used for temporary storage of data files and MB images This information is not backed up and is lost when the power to the copier is removed Upon power on the Network Controller DRAM is put through a memory test which performs an overwrite function Cryptographic session keys are stored in DRAM for the duration of the current boot cycle The keys are destroyed by powering off or by a reboot Note IPSec shared secret and SNMPv3 shared passwords are stored on the NC disk and are persistent across power cycles reboots Boot PROM 512 KB This read only Flash memory contains the code necessary to boot or alt boot the system A power on self test is performed and the bootstrap OS is loaded The area never contains any user image or document data S2X kit 384 MB Image data buffer to support rotation compression etc

WorkCentre 5632-5687 Information Assurance Disclosure

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