podium... - International Commission on Irrigation & Drainage
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1. and Evaporation fom Storage of capacity 0 0 HH Evaporation from Storage Surface return flows to sea of total 0 0 EH 30 Groundwater recharge flows to o of total 0 0 af 30 The utilizable outflows to sea from return flows from both surface and groundwater from all sectors are estimated through the remaining two drivers Changes to water supply can be saved as a new scenario or as an existing scenario by pressing the Save Scenario button The Next button will direct to the next spreadsheet of action 24 18 Water Balance at Sub National Level This section presents the sub national level water balances Water balance summaries are provided for the base year and also for the target year Water balance figure shown below WATER USE BALANCE 1995 Evaporation amp Indus Consumptive use 42 92 Unutilized natura flow z 10 10 Unutilizec return flowy Se ee ee ee Domestic _ 28 33 29 26 0 40 0 06 0 63 ozo Environment Total Return Total Return Total Return Diversion Flow Diversion Flow Diversion Flow 14 455 Swamp 1i 61 Swamps amp Sea Groundwater abstraction is 66 of total Groundwater Recharge indicates all major sectors of water use 25 19 Data Entry The base year data and a default set of future growth rates needs to be entered in the model for scenario generation This section describes where different pieces of data need to be entered 19 1 Data2. CNECN Netand gross crop area mo e RCAV DEED a a easons a S AWBP_ FEEX_ Rainfed area of different crops in two seasons Ma X BQO EY FR Rainfed yield of different crops in two seasons Tona x K Do E a a a ta fe ACAV 2d 19 2 2 dataWat1 spreadsheet The information entered in this spreadsheet are shown in table 3 Column of the table indicates the column number of the spreadsheet of the base year data Column 2 of the table indicates the column number of the default growth rates for the target year Column 3 of the table indicates the variables descriptions Column 57 indicates whether the data entered are annual seasonal or monthly information Table 3 Information of variables in the data entry sheet dataWatl Base Default Variable description Unit Ann Seaso Dai year data growth ual nal ly rates values Col No DS ED Average daily ETo of each month mm day X Average P75 of each month AA AL EQ FB Starting day of the first season of different crops Day o AM AX Starting month of the season of different crops a Li AY BJ FO FZ Length of the initial stage of growth in season 1 of Days BK BV GA GL Length of the development stage of growth in season 1 of Days x X BW CH G M GX Length of the middle stage of growth in season 1 of Days X different crops GY HJ Length of the late stage of growth in season of different m Ff i crops CU DF HK
3. HV Crop coefficients initial stage of growth in season 1 of Number ee _faitercnerps NE D DG DR HW IJ Crop coefficients development stage of growth in Number 28 19 2 3 dataWat2 spreadsheet The information entered in this spreadsheet are shown in table 4 Column 1 of the table indicates the column number of the spreadsheet of the base year data Column 2 of the table indicates the column number of the default growth rates for the target year Column 3 of the table indicates the variables descriptions Column 57 indicates whether the data entered are annual seasonal or monthly information Table 4 Information of variables in the data entry sheet dataWat2 Base Default Variable description Annu Seaso Dai year data growth al nal ly rates valu Col No es Col No CM DEDV Crop coetfictenis Tor mid wage OF diferenterops mmber X OZ DW EG Crop coefficients for Tate stage of different crops number X RAAB EHE Percentage of ground water imigatedarea a x ACAD E EK Project efficiency for surface irrigation for paddy x AGAH ENEO Project efficiency for groundwater irrigation x ATA EP EQ Deep percolation ofpaddy Sim AKAL ERES Irrigation return flows to surface water supply x AMAN ET EU Trigation retum flows to ground water supply x AOAP EVEW Irrigation return flows to sea down stream countries x AQ AR EX EY Percentages of popula
4. Irrigated and rain Grain Yield Growth fed yield of cereal Rice ton ha crops Wheat Maize Other Cereals Pulses Water Balance section in Driver allow Water Balance Drivers 2025 changes in Surface Irrigation Efficiency 1 rface irrigation efficiencies of surface irrigation efficiencies o Paddy g paddy and other crops Season 4 50 2 E ii area irrigated with groundwater Season a75 al gt iil water transfers from and into a Other crops river basin and Season 1 36 3 M iv annual environmental water Season a22 All demands Note that two options Area with GW Irrigation estimating annual or monthly season 1 63 3 alel Season 7 70 5 4 gt environmental water demands are available in the EnvSup Water Transfers km spreadsheet ate ene re ems into the System out of the System 0 al gt T al gt Annual Environmental Water Demand km o oo ale Note that the Driver sheet can only effect changes to limited number of drivers Individual sheets have more drivers to develop different scenarios These sheets are explained next 11 9 Prod Estimating Crop Production Pressing Next in Basin Select sheet leads to crop production component This sheet develops a new scenario or alters an already formulated scenario for a sub unit that is selected in the BasinSelect Developing scenarios in this sheet involves several steps First determine the future net a
5. creating a new scenario or editing an existing scenario of production water supply and water demand fora unit level is explained Finally we explain how to enter data for generating scenarios for a different spatial unit structure 3 Navigation Tools Following navigation tools will appear in most spreadsheets of the model The Next button move to the next spreadsheet of action and is the preferred navigation method in the model The Previous button move to the previous spreadsheet in action and is the preferred navigation method in the model This option is provided in all the spreadsheets Restore Default Restore Default button restores the original values of the Default scenario that are provided in the model l Changes to the parameters in the model generate new scenarios Save Scenario button will save these changes This can be used to EE save a new scenario or replace a scenario Detailed explanation will be given later Use this option to move to the Driver page Driver sheet changes important variables and view changes graphically Use this button to navigate around various spreadsheets modules of Options the model This button can be used to navigate between spreadsheets which are not close to each other Next and Previous buttons can move from one spreadsheet to next or previous spreadsheet of operation The Options buttons allows user to mov
6. environmental demand from the potentially utilizable surface water resources Press Save button and follow the procedure explained earlier to save a new scenario or replace an existing scenario Press Next button to go the next spreadsheet of action Water 23 17 Water Estimating Water Availability This part of the model estimates available water resources excluding return flows for reuse in the sub unit Both surface and ground water resources that can be potentially utilizable form the total utilizable water resources generated in the basin This module has the capacity to deal with water transfers in from other units and water transfers out to other basins The total water available in the basin is the sum of total utilizable water resources and the net transfers into the basin Water Availability indus Future scenarios of water availability can be developed by changing the drivers of Indus Unit 11995 Annual 2025 potentially utilizable surface and C at growth q groundwater resources and water transfers in and out of the basin Potentially Utilizable Surface Water Resources km3 0 0 HH The changes in depletion Water transfer into the basin 0 0 HE through the evaporation from the Water transfers out of the basin 0 0 sal surface of reservoir storages are Potentially Utilizable Groundwater Resources 0 0 aby 14 captured by the two drivers Reservior Storage capacity 0 0 ab 13 Reservoir storage capacity
7. name or to replace the scenarios with an existing name except the default scenario values The names of the scenarios are available in the pull down list in the right hand side Up to 15 national consumption scenarios can be saved in the model Delete Scenario button deletes an existing scenario Default scenario should not be deleted at any time Restore Default button brings the default drivers values to the spreadsheet Two warning messages one each for Urban and Rural sectors appear in the left bottom corner see below show whether the specified calorie supply from different food crop products equal to the calorific value of food consumed from different crop products Urban population calorie supply from grain crops In both cases change either calorific value of grains consumed Adjust growth rates the growth rates of of per capita calorie supply or per capita consumption of composition of calorie grains supply from different crop products or change the per Rural population calorie supply from grain crops capita OSUM pHON until calorific value of grains consumed Adjust growth rates these messages disappear of per capita calorie supply or per capita consumption of grains This spreadsheet offers few graphical outputs including population per capita calorie supply composition of food Country India Population Calorie Supply Food Grain Consumption Grain Consumption Ea LS Le n Mi
8. Driver Driver sheet helps the user to change important drivers of national and basins nodules and view the changes simultaneously This sheet 1s divided into three sections The demand driver Demand drivers Cereal production drivers Water balance drivers allows the user to change ii il IV national level urban and rural population basin level population daily per capita calorie supply of urban and rural populations percentages of calorie contribution from cereal and animal products Per capita daily consumption of rice wheat maize other cereals and pulses by urban and rural populations section cereal Demand Drivers 2025 Total Urban Rural Population All India million 1330 51 ale 739 alel Ganga 545 4 235 313 Population 1995 2025 2025 All India Ganga EAI Other Daily Calorie Intake calories ar43 ajr arg ajh w Cereal Products 61 5 4 gt 61 5 all gt w Animal Products 11 9 KIL 114 9 alp w Other crop products 267 26 7 Grain Consumption Pattern Rice Kgiday ons afr ozna ale Wheat 0150 A 0150 A Maize 0022 _4 F 0022 AP Other cereals i 0055 A 0055 4 eee Pulses ccm O33 ALP 0 033 ALY Total Grains Kg day 0 519 0 519 10 Cereal Production section in Cereal Production Drivers 2025 Driver spreadsheet allow changes in Grain area increase Rice MHa i irrigated and rain Wheat l fed areas of cereal Maize crops Other Cereals Pulses ii
9. PODIUMSim Policy Dialogue Model Version II A Water and Food Security Planning Tool User s Manual April 2003 International Water Management Institute Table of Contents 1 Background Introduction Navigation Tools i o Starting PODIUMSim Estimating National Level Consumption D Scenario Loading Scenarios BasinSelect Loading Sub National data 8 Driver Page 9 Prod Estimating Crop Production 9 1 Irrigated crop areas 9 2 Irrigated crop yields 9 3 Rainfed crop areas 9 4 Yields of Rainfed Crops 10 ImpExp Estimating Crop Production Surplus or Deficit 11 NETmm Estimating Crop Water Requirements 12 Sheet 9 NETm3 Net Irrigation Requirement 13 IrrDiv Estimating Gross Irrigation demand 14 DomDiv Estimating Domestic Water Demand 15 IndDiv Estimating Industrial Water Demands 16 Env Estimating Environmental Water Demand 17 Water Estimating Water Availability 18 Water Balance at Sub National Level 19 Data Entry 18 1 Data entry for Crop Consumption Estimation module 18 2 Data entry for Other Modules 18 2 1 dataProd spreadsheet 18 2 2 dataWat1 spreadsheet 18 2 3 dataWat2 spreadsheet 18 2 4 dataWat3 1 Background The International Water Management Institute as part of the World Water Vision 2025 has developed PODIUM the policy dialogue model in 1999 The model an interactive tool runs on a personal computer The PODIUM
10. ata This sheet loads growth rates of the default scenarios or an already formulated scenario to the model The default scenario growth rates are loaded by first selecting the Basin level analysis fd Basin level analysis button and then choosing a river basin name Bramhaputra from the list a Previously formulated scenarios Indus 1 Indus 1 r2U25 Ganga 17 r4025 Brambhaputra 7 r025 Barak amp Others 17 r2025 oubernarekha 7 Yr2025 Brahmani Baitarni 1 r2025__ Mahanadi_ 1Y r2025 Godavari _1Yr2025 krishna 1 Y r2025 Pennar 1 Y r2025 Cauvery_ 1 Yr2025 Tapi_1Yr2025 Marmada_1Yr2025 Mahi 1 Y r205 Sabarmati 7 Y r2025 WFR of Kutch saugluni 1Y r2025 WFE South of Tapi 1 Yr2025 EFF bet Mahanadi amp Pennar 7 Y r2025 EFF bet Pennar amp kanyak_1 Yr2025 Barak amp Others oubernarekha Erahmani Baitarni Mahanadi Godavari krishna Fennar Cauvery Tapi Marmada Mahi Sabarmati WFR of Kutche Saue amp Luni WFE South of Tapi EFF bet Mahanacdi amp Pernnar EFR bet Pennarakanyak An already formulated scenario can be selected by first pressing Previously Formulated Scenario button and then choosing a scenario from list This loads base year data and the growth rates of the selected scenario A message Please Wait will appear while the data is being loaded Please wait until this message disappears Press Next to go to next spread sheet of action named Driver 8
11. e between any spreadsheet These options are shown in the next figure Options button window i i ae z e 4 l l mavieate Es Clicking on a square would direct the user to E 50 to Title Page the spreadsheet with the HE Change Projection Year is me eee Ei Select amouier River Basin BE Basin Scenaria Square in front of Crop E os for River Basins production would take E the user to the crop production scenario generation module common Drivers Data Entry M Nation Level Consumption River Basin Level Crop Production Crop Production Balance Sheet Crop Water Requirements Irrigation Diversions Domestic Water Diversions Industrial Water Diversions Environmental Water Demand Water Availability Summaries Base Year Water Balance Target Year Water Balance Water Accounting Met Irrigation Requirements 4 Starting PODIUMSim First open the Microsoft Excel file PODIUMSIm countryname and the title page appears in the screen Pressing Continue button takes you to the next step EE shown in figure below Pressing Exit PODIUM button will exit from the model Continue gt Pressing Continue button will take you to the Year box in the next page as shown below Step 1 Select a year from the Year box Step 2 Press Continue button to move to the next level Continue gt Previous Select a target year for scenario development from the Year Box Every five year p
12. e to be met by increases in rainfed productivity o How much food would a country have to import to feed its population in 2025 if there are no new investments in developing additional water resources PODIUMSim consists of three main components i Annual consumption demand scenario development at national level ii Seasonal production scenario development for irrigated and rainfed agriculture at sub national level and ii Annual water supply scenarios development at sub national and seasonal water demand scenarios development for irrigated sector and annual water demand scenarios for domestic industrial and environmental sectors at sub national level Each of the components consists of several steps These are embedded in one or several spreadsheets This manual is intended to help user to understand what factors are used in different components for generating scenarios how to generate scenarios how to save scenarios and how to navigate between spreadsheets of different components In the next section we introduce some of the frequently appearing navigation tools in the model Users are recommended to these navigation tools as much as possible Second we explain how to start the scenario building process for a target year Third generating scenario of national consumption is explained Fourth we explain how information of already formulated scenario at sub national level are loaded to get an aggregate picture at the country level Next
13. enables the users to develop national level scenarios of water and food supply and demand on various policy options Though PODIUM was recognized as a useful tool for generating scenarios some limitations were also identified The PODIUM beta version was a cereal based model Expanding the analysis to cover other crop categories was thought to be useful Inability to capture spatial variations especially in large countries was a major limitation The revised version named PODIUMSim addresses these limitations The PODIUM was revised and improved under Country Policy Support Studies CPSP program of the International Commission for Irrigation and Drainage www icid org Under the CPSP program the revised model is being applied at the river basin level for two of the largest countries India and China The PODIUMSim with interface in Microsoft Excel still runs on a personal computer in an interactive mode It can generate future scenarios at sub national level For example depending on the type of base line data it can generate scenarios at river basins or at administrative boundaries The aggregated results show the national picture This manual helps users to understand the basic features of different components of the revised version the method of navigating from one component to other developing and saving scenarios and entering enter required data to the model 2 Introduction The PODIUMSim is intended for policy planners research
14. entry for Crop Consumption Estimation module The information of this component is processed at national level and is shown in the spreadsheet named Con The information here only consists of annual data The data for this sheet is entered in the spreadsheet Con itself These have to be entered manually The information that has to be entered into the sheet is given in Table 1 Table 1 Information of variables in the data entry sheet Con Base year Variable description Unit data Col No L16 M16 N16O16 Daily consumption per person in urban and rural xea Other Kg day cereals L18 M18 N18O18_ Daily consumption per person in urban and rural area Oil crops Kg day LI9 M19 N1 019 Daily consumption per person in urban and rural area Kg day Vegetables L19 M20 N20 020_ Daily consumption per person in urban and rural area Roots and Kg day tubers 20M Seeds Waste Otheruses of total consumption Z231 Toal domestic consumption of different commodity MM Vaz V52 Average export prices FOB of different crops USS Ton The base year data are entered in cells in blue color The default growth rates are entered in cells in red color When data entry is complete use the Save button to save the information as Default scenario After this save the PODIUM file itself L17 M17 N17 O17 Daily consumption per person in urban and rural area Pulses Kg day Another method of enteri
15. ereals 0 5 SFY O S 4 4 05 Pulses 1 35 0 8 mejore HE 0 14 1 Pulses 0 0 AH c o i 2 07 Oil Crops 1 85 0 0 mejo HE 0 00 2 Oil Crops 0 0 RLF 0 498 0 00 Vegetables 0 00 0 2 mejo EEJ 0 55 0 Vegetables 10MH oom 197 Roots amp Tubers 0 00 0 0 mejo EE 0 00 o Roots amp Tubers 0 0 4 0 294 o0 sugarcane sugarcane 0 4 a 0 26 Fruits Fruits 1 3965 0 39 Cotton Cotton 00 0 396 5 iF 0 30 Paddy 3 Paddy 3 0 00 If the summation of projects irrigated crop areas including season one amp two exceeds projected gross irrigated area a warning message appears If the summation of individual irrigated crop areas in either season exceeds the net irrigated area or because the area of one season overlapped with another another warning message appear To see the details press Crop calendar WARNING 2025 Total crop irrigated area is more WARHING 2025 Irrigated area is more than the than the projected GROSS irrigated area Adjust projected NET irrigated area OR Due to overlapping growth rates seasons view details in crop calendar The irrigated and rainfed yields of 11 crop categories appear as shown below conditions are available in the model Growth rates shown in red of irrigated yield can be changed by Irrigated Yield ton ha Rainfed Yield ton ha Faddy il alel Faddy all Wheat l ale Wheat alel Maize 1 ale Maize alel Other Cereals ne ale Other Cereals ale Pulses 1 alel Pulses alel Oil Crop
16. eriods from 2005 up to 2050 are available to choose Clicking Continue button proceed to estimating national consumption component 5 Estimating National Level Consumption Consumption module in the spreadsheet named Con estimates the annual demand for different crops at Scenario Year Change national level ja m Anona aaah 2025 Base year data ebaH Rural Urban HLKB Urban Rural shown in blue and million 246 685 2 91 d 0 29 l 582 Daily Calorie Supply Total calories 2437 JE ae 3000 default growth Yo from Grain products Yo 67 4 67 4 0 35 l 0 35 L 60 8 Yo from Animal products Yo 7 3 7 3 1 61 L 1 649 11 9 rates shown m from Oil Crops Yo 9 4 9 4 0 00 _ i 0 00 _ 9 4 red are provided Yo from Fruits amp vegetables 3 3 3 3 0 00 o oo m LI 3 3 i from Other crop products 11 3 11 3 11 3 in the model Click to View Crop wise Calorific Values Per Capita Food Consumption Rice 0 212 0 21 aje 0 21 al The base vear Wheat i 0 166 0 54 0 54 ll i y Maize i 0 022 0 13 l 0 13 L data and default Other Cereals 5 0 055 0 18 l 0 18 i Pulses j 0 035 0 71 ole ozi oll growth rates of Oil Crops equivalent f 00430 71 sle o 71 ob different drivers W egetables 0 152 0 71 aje O 71 oje Roots amp Tubers i 0 057 0 71 el o 71 oil i are available for Sugar raw equivalent 5 0 096 0 71 L O 71 alel Fruit
17. ers students and those who are interested in developing water and food supply and demand scenarios under different options of policies or hypothesis It can explore vital questions such as Can river basins feed their population in 2025 What is the food surplus or deficit at sub national level and then at national level Do we have enough water to irrigate the crops needed to ensure future national food requirements The model maps the complex relationships between many factors drivers in the model that affect water and food demand and supply and displays output information in graphical and tabular formats Projections for future years are determined with respect to base year data and the expected changes in the drivers from the base year to future year PODIUMSim enable for users to set goals such as food production for an adequate per capita consumption and explore ways of reaching that goal through expanding rrigated area or rainfed area increasing cropping intensity or importing more food Likely scenarios can also be developed with respect to growth in population changes in diets and developments in agriculture and water resources to ensure food security and sustainable water use PODIUMSi1m can also help explore critical planning questions such as o How much improvement in irrigation efficiency would be needed to cover additional water requirements o What is the required growth in rainfed yield if additional food requirements wer
18. its are shown for the grain crops cereals and pulses and non grain crops As the crop consumption was estimated at national level the per capita crop consumption for a sub unit is assumed to be same as the per capita consumption at national level The differences of consumption of sub units are only due to different growth rates of population The summaries of grain and non grain crop area crop production and production surplus or deficit of the new scenario or the revised scenario are shown as below 14 Production Surplus or Deficit Brevious 1995_Grov 2025 a oo Population K 45 10 1 17 BD Options Basin Totals Crop Area i Production Consumption and Surplus or Deficit a3 92 32 8 RS 8 Olrri grain crops Olrr Other crops Olrri grain crops Olrr Other crops ORF grain crops ORF other crops ORF grain crops MRF other crops m Consumption Production amp Surplus Deficit The production surplus or deficit of all basins is shown as in the figure below All Basins Totals Crop Area Crop production Production Consumption and Surplus or Deficit N v Olrri grain crops Olrr Other crops Olrri grain crops Olrr Other crops ORF grain crops ORF other crops ORF grain crops ORF other crops E Consumption m Production a Surplus Deficit By pressing the Next button directs to the next spreadsheet of action NETmm This sheet estimates crop water requirements 15 11 NETmm Estimati
19. llions cal pe day hfi r of Beje a i i BVheat EL ape O Other Cereals B Feed grains B Animal Products O Urban M Rural Cine odie E Food grains O other uses grain consumption and total grain consumption Next button in the consumption sheet shift to the Scenario spreadsheet 6 Scenario Loading Scenarios Scenario This aggregates the results at sub national level to get the national picture Two options selecting the default scenario or user formulated scenarios at sub units are available here To select a previously formulated scenario select a sub national name using the tick box and then select a scenario name from the pull down list If no previously formulated scenarios are selected the sub national scenarios on default growth rates are ageregated For river basins this sheet looks like Select Scenarios for River Basins here 1 Indus Select a scenario MMN Ganga ml Noca o a s the pull ac list 11 Cauvery The Select all option automatically loads all scenarios of all sub national units This option loads different scenarios for aggregation The scenarios can be selected from the pull down list If scenarios are unselected only the scenarios on default growth rates are aggregated SelectAll Unselect All Pressing Next would take to the next spreadsheet of action 1 e Basin Select 7 Basin Select Loading Sub National d
20. m month 1995 2025 1995 2025 The net irrigation requirement for the Growth Growth i Crop in k season given aS NET Max ET EP 0 The two drivers the average daily potential evapotranspiration ET and 75 percent exceedance probability rainfall P s appear in the model as shown below The likely impact of climate change on crop evapotranspiration can be assessed through the changes in ET and rainfall 16 The sowing dates and growth periods for the two seasons and the crop coefficients for different growth periods appear in the model as shown below 1995 Growth Period 1 Crop Coefficients Date i Month i Mi i Dev Mid Late jni M Dew Mid Late Rice H H H Wheat Maize Other Cereals Pulses Oil Crops Vegetables Roots amp Tube Sugarcane Fruits Cotton Other crops i i SESE eee ee eee eee eee ee EE eee eee eee eee a ee ee ee ee ee 2025 Start date 1 Growth Period 1 Crop Coefficients Start date 2 Growth Period 2 Date Month Ini Dev Mid Late Ini Dev Mid Date Month Ini Dev Mid Late Rice 15 i Jun i i Wheat 15 Jun Maize 15 Jun Other Cerealg 15 Jun Pulses 15 Jun Oil Crops 15 Jun Vegetables 15 Jun Roots amp Tube 15 Jun Sugarcane 15 Jun Fruits 19 Jun Cotton 15 Jun Other crops 15 Jun MET mm The future changes of these parameters are not effected through growth rates To effect future changes
21. nd gross crop cultivated area and net and gross irrigated area as Shown below The annual growth rates can be Basin Name Ganda Met crop area Gross crop area Crop g Intensit Met Irrigated Area Gross Irrigated Area Irrigation Intensit Basin Hame Met crop area Gross crop area Crop g Intensit Met Irrigated Area Gross Irrigated Area Irrigation Intensit Prod Next estimate the agricultural production for individual crops for two seasons The PODIUMSim covers 11 crop categories including cereals with rice wheat and maize separately and other cereals in one category pulses oil crops vegetables roots and tubers sugar fruits and cotton Change spin buttons to change the area and yield drivers of irrigated and rainfed crops 12 Irrigated and rainfed crop areas and yield The base year data shown in blue shows seasonal irrigated and rainfed crop area for 11 major crop categories in the basin Model can handle three seasons of paddy crop Growth of crop area can be changed using the spin buttons in 0 1 intervals The difference between the aggregate irrigated crop areas in season one and two and the Gross Irrigated Area is other irrigated crop area Irrigated Harvested Area Rainfed Harvested Area Crop Crop Paddy Paddy 0 19 5 01E 10 18 Wheat 13 41 0 0 Mlos ME 0 00 16 vheat o o ME 240E 0 00 Maize g 00 0 7 RElo HEJ oss 0 Maize 0 0 ME o 0 8 1 90 Other Cereals 0 235 0 0 Belo 0 all 0 12 0 Other C
22. nd option estimates monthly demands and aggregate to get the annual values First select an option of annual Environmental flow calculations or monthly assessment from the C Use Annual Values Environmental flow Calculation box Use Monthly Values 1995 2025 If Use Annual Values is selected specify Environmental flav ool ooo the annual requirement in the target year in the left hand side box If Use Monthly Values is selected then change appropriate drivers using arrow buttons to get the monthly requirements Data required for the base year when using monthly demand option are as follows i Total environmental flow requirement of the month EFR uu Total renewable water resources of the month MRWR i Potentially utilizable water resources of the month PUMWR iv environmental flow met from the potential utilizable water resources MMR PUWMR a EFR met from PUMWR Requirements 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 _ 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 _ 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 _ 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 L 0 00 0 0 l 0 0 _ 0 00 0 0 d 0 0 _ 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Zoe The future monthly demand is based on the changes in MRWR PUMWR and the EFR met from the PUMWR Monthly demands are aggregated to get annual
23. ng Crop Water Requirements Water requirements of different crops are estimated in this sheet Major drivers for estimating crop water requirements are 1 Average daily potential evapotranspiration for different months ET ii Monthly 75 exceedence probability rainfall P75 i Starting date of the seasors Month and Day iv Number of days in different growth periods of different crops in different seasons Four different growth periods Initial development middle and late are considered v Crop coefficients Kc of different crops i at different growth periods 7 Seasonal evapotranspiration of a crop the sum of evapotranspiration during the four growth stages Crop evapotranspiration in a growth period ETj is obtained by multiplying the sums of ET s of the months or part of the month which fall in the growth period by associated crop coefficients The seasonal evapotranspiration for it crop is given as ET ET xm X Ke j mon where m 1s the number of days of month p in the j orowth period Seasonal effective precipitation is the sum of effective rainfall of the months or parts of months which falls in the particular season This is given as m Ps 025 0 2 P75 125 if Ps lt 250 mm EP Pok monthEseason 125 0 1 x P if P gt 250 mm where m is the number of days in gp month which fall in the k season and n is the number of days in the p month Etp immday P m
24. ng default data is to enter them to the sheet directly as shown in the figure below When data entry is complete then save the podium file 26 Scenario Data Saving table F count T T HMA default ogg og ogi gh ogi og Scenario name gr _Urbpop gr_urktotcal gr_rurtotcal Jor _urbgracal grt default LOr 0 20 0 43 0 43 0 35 0 35 D0 m a e ww d 19 2 Data entry for Other Modules The information for all other modules is processed at sub national level Generating a new scenario or editing an existing scenario is done only for one sub unit at a time Therefore the information at sub national level is stored in a separate location The base year data and the default growth rates of sub units are stored in three different spreadsheets 19 2 1 dataProd spreadsheet The information entered in this spreadsheet is shown in table 2 Column 1 of the table indicates the column number of the spreadsheet of the base year data Column 2 of the table indicates the column number of the default growth rates for the target year Column 3 of the table indicates the variables descriptions Column 5 7 indicates whether the data entered are annual seasonal or monthly information Table 2 Information of variables in the data entry sheet dataProd Base year Default Variable description Annual Seasonal Daily data growth rates Col No Col No EK Total population of the sub unit Lt a a CL Urban population of total MH
25. ows from domestic withdrawals that can be recycled and the return flows that cannot be utilized for further use Click Save button and follow the procedure described earlier to save or replace the scenario Pressing Next button directs you to the next spreadsheet of action ndDiv 21 15 IndDiv Estimating Industrial Water Demands In the current version of the model only growth in total industrial water demand is considered The base year data of total industrial water withdrawals and the default growth rate for the total demand are available for future scenario generation User is expected to make reasonable projections for growth rates for industrial demand Growth Basin Marne 1995 2025 Industrial water demand kma 1 254 0 0 Consumptive use factor Ho 20 0 0 Utilizable Balance flow Return flow to surface of BF 0 0 0 H Recharge to Groundwater Yo o fO 00w Unutilizable balance flow vo of E o a diversions from groundwater o S0 0 07 Click Save button to save a new scenario or replace an existing scenario The Next button will direct to the next spreadsheet of action named Env 22 16 Env Estimating Environmental Water Demand The model estimates the portion of potentially utilized water resources that need to be reserved as environmental vater demand Two options are available for estimation First option estimates annual demand directly The seco
26. s 1 ale Oil Crops all vegetables L all vegetables alel Roots amp Tubers 1 alel Roots amp Tubers ale sugarcane ale sugarcane all Fruits ale Fruits ala Cotton alel Cotton alel Paddy 53 HE Paddy 53 alH 13 0 1 intervals Note that spin buttons where applicable simultaneously change the growth rates of yields in season and 2 Press Save Scenario button to save production scenarios Save Scenario Enter Scenario Name on text box to retrieve the River Basin name Ganga_ and add scenario number as shown in the example below A Save Scenario box with different options will appear on the screen as shown above First double click on the text box under the Enter Scenario Name For a new scenario of a river basin river basin name will appear and for an existing scenario river basin name _scenario name will appear In both cases follow the naming convention and press Save button to save the scenario To replace a scenario press the Replace button Replace button will be active only when the growth rates loaded to model are from an already formulated scenario Next button directs to IxpEmp sheet 10 ImpExp Estimating Crop Production Surplus or Deficit This sheet shows annual crop production surplus deficit the difference between the annual production and annual consumption at river basin and at national level The production surpluses or defic
27. s i 0 094 0 71 fe 0 71 afe urban and rural kavyear 2 356 2 356 0 00 sectors These include Population Daily calorie supply person Composition of calorie supply from different crop products including grain products cereals amp pulses oil crops Fruits and vegetables and also from animal products which includes meat milk butter fish etc and per capita daily consumption of food crops and annual cotton lint equivalent use per person are Two other drivers for major crop categories at national level are included as shown below Feed Conversion Ratiog Seeds WastedOther Uses of total Kg per 1000 Calories consumption 1995 Growth 2025 1995 Growth Feed conversion ratios Rice 0 006 l 0 00 af kg of feed used for Wheat 0 013 M 0 00 bl 6 ooo ahl supplying 1000 Calories of 0 003 animal products EEE 0 005 oao al Pulses 0 021 ai Oil Crops equivalent 0 015 Percentages of seed waste Vegetables 0 000 other uses are provided at national level 0 000 0 44 1 Pressing arrows ao buttons can generate different scenarios Use the buttons at the top of spreadsheet to navigate between spreadsheet to save scenarios to delete scenarios to restore default growth rates as shown below Previous Save Scenario Restore Default f Options scen_iTrn J Mem f Doite f Driver Save Scenario button gives two options to save the driver values of scenarios with a new
28. s of two parts water demand for humans and water demand for livestock The major drivers for determining the domestic demand are i Percent population in urban areas ii Per capita domestic water use for humans in urban areas ii Per capita domestic water use for humans in rural areas iv Percent of the population with access to pipe water supply v 9 domestic amp industrial diversions from groundwater vi Number of animals of different types cattle pigs and other animals and vil Per animal water demand from each category The domestic water demand is estimated by totpop X pop with pipe water sup ply x Dom water demand ee oe eee xaosa urbanpop x per capita demand ruralpop X per capita demand urban X number of animals X per head demand fx 365 ie cattle pigs otheranima ls Growth Basin Name EEE 2025 30 Urban Population of total Urban population with Water supply Yo rural population with water supply Fer capita water supply in Urban Fer capita water supply in Rural Consumptive use factor Livestock water demand Number of cattles Number of pigs Number of goats Daily demand per head Cattle Pigs Goats Utilizable Balance flow Return flow to surface of BF Recharge to Groundwater of BF Wnutilizable balance flow of BF Yo diversions from groundwater EE As in the irrigation module this also estimates the consumptive use and the return fl
29. spreadsheet of the base year data Column 2 of the table indicates the column number of the default growth rates for the target year Column 3 of the table indicates the variables descriptions Column 5 7 indicates whether the data entered are annual seasonal or monthly information Table 5 Information of variables in the data entry sheet dataWat3 Base Variable description Unit Ann Sea Dai Default year data ual son ly growth al rates values Col No Col No C N Starting day of season 2 for different crops Number X BW CH 1 30 F D Starting month of season 2 for different crops Number 1 30 AM AX Length of development growth period of different crops in season 2 AY BJ Length of middle growth period of different crops in season days 2 BK BV Length of initial growth period of different crops in season 2 1 Default values are same as the base year data S E AA AL Length of initial growth period of different cropsinseason2 days X CUD La a 30
30. t Maize Other Cereals Pulses Ol Crops Vegetables Roots amp Tuber Sugarcane Fruits Cotton Paddy 53 Net Irrigation requirement volume in km Monthly Net Irrigation Requirements km Other Cereals Pulses Roots amp Tubers Sugarcane Fruits Cotton Paddy 53 Other Crops 0 07 jO 07 0 07 O0F 0 07 0 07 Total 18 84 23 66 13 44 5 54 0 65 _ 8 66_ 1 32_ 0 07_ 5 32_ 11 57 8 10_ 12 81 18 13 Irr Div Estimating Total Irrigation demand The total irrigated withdrawals include surface and groundwater irrigation withdrawals Major drivers of total irrigation withdrawal estimate are i ground water irrigated area as percentage of total irrigated area ll project mrigation efficiency for areas with only surface irrigation and or conjunctive irrigation for ponded crops predominantly paddy iii project irrigation efficiency for areas with only surface irrigation and or conjunctive irrigation for non ponded crops iv project efficiency for ground water irrigated areas v percolation requirement for paddy These information are given in the model as shown below Irrigation Diversions Previous Ne xt Save Scenario Re store De fa ult Op tio ns Irrigation Diversions Groundwater irrigated area of total 63 10 0 HF 0 0 HF Irrigation Efficiency Surface Paddy 35 10 3 HE 0 3 HE Irrigation efficiency Surface other crops 34 10 3 HE 0 3 HE Irrigation Efficiency Gro
31. the exact value of the parameter needs to be entered Whwn the required changes are incorporated the model estimates the net evapotranspiration of different crops for two seasons These will be used to estimate the net irrigation requirement for different crops The changes on the parameters can be saved as a new scenario name or replace under the existing scenario name by clicking the Save Scenario button and following the procedure explained in the previous section Details of t irrigation requirements for different crops can be seen by clicking on the Details button in the top right hand corner This takes to the sheet named NETm3 This sheet is shown as below If details of net irrigation requirements are not required at this stage press Next to go to irrigation withdrawal estimation sheet 17 12 NETm3 Net Irrigation Requirement This sheet shows the net irrigation requirement as depth mm and also as a volume on the area irrigated for each crop in different seasons The estimated volume of net irrigation requirement is used for estimating the irrigation withdrwals While in Netm3 sheet press Next button to shift to the sheet estimating gross irrigation withdrawal Net Irrigation Requirement Volum km NET IRRIGATION REQUIREMENTS Ganga Crop total Paddy Wheat Maize Other Cereals Pulses Oil Crops Vegetables Roots amp Tubers Sugarcane Fruits Cotton Paddy 3 Paddy Whea
32. tion with pipe water supply in the urban X Di a A D CASAT EZFA Daily per capita water supply in urbanandrurarareas es x oo AU e Consumplive use Tactor of domestic diversions x AVAX FCFE Number of cattle pigs and other animals Nomer x Daily water requirement per head of cattle pigs and other or fe animals BEBO FE Percent domestic return Hows to surface and ground water x BD FK Percent domestic withdrawals from groundwater x CBE FL Total Industrial water demand Kat x BF FMT Consumptive use factor of Industral withdraws x FN FO Percent industrial return flows to surface and groundwater x B P Percent industrial withdrawals from groundwater x BrBU FOOR Environmental fow requirement in each month month FR Km X BV CG_ GC GN Average Water Resources in cach month MWR Km I CACS GO GZ Potentially utilizable water resources in each month MPUWR _ Km X CT DE HAHI Percentage of EFR to be met by MPUWR in each monn o x Km HOHP Km fx z z 2 7N X HS HT HV Percent of utilizable return flows to surface and groundwater as Number baii HX Target year crop coefficient of fruits in middle and late number growing stages 1 Default values are same as the base year information 19 2 4 dataWat3 The information entered in this spreadsheet is shown in table 5 Column 1 of the table indicates the column number of the
33. undwater 65 10 3 HE 0 3 HIT Percolation requirement for paddy 2000 0 HF 0 0 HF Utilizable BF Return flow to surface BF Rechange to ground water BF Un utilizable BF Flows to sea of BF Flows to Swamp of BF h IrrDi 2025 User The surface irrigation diversion is estimated as NET ie other crops NET paddy O Trrieffi Surf aay Tri Effi Surf sy and the groundwater irrigation diversion is estimated as o E Percolation aja Surf Irri div 1 gw irri area NET Percolation ie allcrops paddy Groundwater Irri div gw irri area X Irri EffLGW The balance flow or the return flow of irrigation is defined as BF Return Flow of irrigation Total irri diversons X NE T i ie allcrops 19 The balance flow is divided into three parts 1 the return flows to surface and groundwater 2 flows to swamps and 3 flows to sink sea The latter two parts determine the amount of return flow that is available for recycling By changing the drivers various scenarios of irrigation water demand and recycling of return flows in the irrigation sector are developed As in the previous spreadsheets the created scenarios can be saved as a new scenario or can be replaced as a scenario already formulated The Next button directs to the next spreadsheet of action Dom 20 14 Dom Div Estimating Domestic Water Demand Domestic water demand consist
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