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1. ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 29 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 F Verify that the CM in Range light comes on If CM in Range does not come on then verify that you followed the steps described under Applying Electrodes Failing that see the section on Troubleshooting G Start the ActiView software See the section on Operating the Acti View Software for details ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 30 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 VI ActiView software installation A Computer requirements Ensure that your host PC meets the following requirements 1 Windows XP SP2 2 USB 2 0 interface If you wonder whether your computer has a USB 2 0 interface check Device Manager for an Enhanced USB Host entry This is code for USB 2 0 3 Adequate display resolution The four resolutions below are specifically supported but other display modes providing at least 1024 lines will work fine Display modes with fewer than 1024 lines present a problem because ActiView does not dynamically resize to the current display mode a WSXGA 1440 x 900 at 16 10 aspect ratio laptop notebook b SXGA 1280 x 1024 LoRes c UXGA 1600 x 1200 HiRes d WUXGA 1920 x 1200 Wide 4 Windows user rights You must have local ad ministrative rights to install ActiView and the Lab VIEW Runtime Engine Often the USB driver will install properly even if the current user does not have administrative rights No
2. 3 Ten20 Weaver and Company 4 Elefix Nihon Kohden America c Hectrolytes to avoid 1 Abralyt Easy Cap GmbH Contains unnecessary pumice 2 QuikGel Compumedics Ltd Accelerates electrode corrosion 2 Syringe to inject gel into head cap electrode holders ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 5 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 a MonoJect syringe with integrated curved plastic tip L More expensive but also more appealing to A participants b 10 cc Luer Lok svringe Use with 15 or 16 gauge blunt tipped needle 3 Double sided adhesive electrode rings for use with flat tvpe active electrodes a 13 x 5 mm od x id roll of 500 b 20 x 8 roll of 500 c 12 x 4 pkg of 100 d 19 x 4 pkg of 100 K a 4 Other consumable items you might find useful a Distilled water Used with table salt for balancing electrodes and for testing troubleshooting Tap water will suffice for washing and occasional testing but distilled water is best for routine electrode balancing b NaCl non iodized table salt Mixed with water for electrode balancing and for testing troubleshooting c Medical tape Use 3M Micropore paper tap to hold electrodes or leads in place or to bundle leads together Avoid cloth Durapore or transparent Transpore tape as these tapes leave residues d Disinfectant solution Below is a list of disinfectant solutions in ascending order of effectiveness AN
3. 256 2 electrodes C Active electrodes 1 Pin type electrodes on ribbon cable a Typical application EEG These electrodes are designed to be used with the ActiveTwo electrode holders especially with a head cap for measuring EEG Standard electrode sets contain 32 active electrodes and are labeled accordin g to either 10 20 10 5 positions or arbitrary A1 32 H1 32 nomenclature b Custom applications ECG EMG etc It is possible to mount the plastic electrode holders in a different fabric garment to permit measurement of other signals For example a tight fitting shirt with electrode holders and pin tvpe active electrodes could be used to measure ECG from an array of electrodes on the torso Other ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 11 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 garments could be designed for positioning electrode holders over muscles of interest for measurement of surface EMG c Latest design improvements The latest iteration of the pin tvpe active electrode design includes 1 Sintered Ag AgCl pellet material improved A new harder electrode pellet resists moisture and stands up to abuse better Epoxy joint at cable entry to prevent separation 2 Strain relief on top of connector to further resist separation at cable entry 3 Improved protection against electrostatic discharge 4 Label e g Al 32 positioned on top of connector 5 Serial number on side of D connector The se
4. With this high precision temperature sensor from HP Agilent 21078A skin temperatures can be measured The temperature sensor directly plugs into the front of the ActiveTwo 4 Plethvsmograph This Plethv smograph sensor from ADI instruments MLT 1020 uses an infrared photoelectric sensor to detect changes in tissue blood volume The Plethysmograph sensor directly plugs into the front of the ActiveT wo This sensor can be ordered with a finger clip BS AT PSF option with a Velcro strap BS AT PSP option or with an ear clip BS AT PSE 5 Other sensors Sensors other than those above are generally provided with a connector designed to plug into a circular DIN jack labeled Ergol or Ergo 2 on the front panel of the A D box Regardless of whether these are physiological sensors it is still necessary for the CMS and DRL electrodes to be connected to the participant and for the CM in Range light to be on indicating the system has a stable common against which to measure electrical potential for meanin gful signals to be measured ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 48 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 VIII Operating the ActiView software A Start ActiView Start ActiView by double clicking the ActiView EXE file or the shortcut you created pointing to the EXE file A window like the one below should appear B Select a configuration CFG file Note that the file DEFAULT CFG located in the current directory the di
5. left of fiber optic connector On indicates power is being received from host PC via USB interface and data are being received from A D box c USB 2 0 output connector d Data output LED right of USB connector On indicated data are being requested by application via driver on host PC This LED will not come on unless data are bein g requested by host for display or storage ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 20 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 3 Optical receiver USB interface rear panel The rear panel contains the system s 37 pin digital I O connector a 16 bit trigger input port Pins 1 16 of this port represent bits 0 15 of the 16 bit trigger input port b Digital output port Pins 17 31 of this port represent bits 0 14 of the digital output port accessible to developers and for custom applications only not presently utilized by the standard ActiView software c System clock signal output The system s clock signal is carried out to pin 32 of the 37 pin digital I O connector d Ground on pin 37 Pin 37 carries the system ground Connect to ground of trigger port of stimulus computer or ground of other devices connected to trigger port Use caution when considering connecting this ground to a device that the subject will come in contact with e g a button box as this can compromise system safety and reduce signal to noise ratio of physiological measurements L Optional non EEG sensors A var
6. 31 K Windows ser rights T 31 B Copy software from web or place CD in drive i 31 K USEC La bieg 31 2 Download latest software from BioSemi com sees sees eee eee pest kas ea 31 C USB Driver iA Ait si aka o 32 D LabVIEW Runtime Engine Installation eee eee eee eee 34 l Locate 1 Vin Vani Bn Ox a tiendi iisa neiaa aa aiiai 34 2 Double click LVRunTimeEng exe taa e a a 34 3 Click through the installation using all default settings seer ee eee eee 34 E Copy the ActiView application to a local folder sen 34 le Create a new folder under Pro gram Files sss es eee 34 2 df you downloaded ACU VIEW sies ienet rt 35 3 Ifyou are installing from the CD i Gie a i a tl d d G 35 4 Check the tiles in the ActiView folder 35 5 Create a Windows shortcut to ACU VIEW sese ee eee eee 35 VI Applying electrodes and sensors to particip attt ssissizkensienzzonzzznriszznznenzn izanazenirsezzjnnza 36 A Applying pitty pe active electrodes sss sees 36 1 Familiarize yourself with basic skull surface anatomv eee ee ee eee ee eee 36 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page iv Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 2 Fit th h ad CAD i sa i trace cece a EEEE REEERE 36 3 Fil electrode holders with electrolyte gel sees 38 B App flattype active electrodes sees e 42 1 Peel the adhesive electrode ring off of its paper backing L 43 2 Apply the ring to the plastic electrode housing ss 43 3 Apply lto electrode contact ii seene ne
7. L sse eee 80 2 Ifa suitable display mode is not available sen 81 B Noisy active electrod s ossessi i iaiiaeeeai 81 1 The one bucket test T 82 C CM inrange does not come on while a participant is connected eee eee eee 83 IL Possible ARE sianie aiaa riata ea aai Eai 83 2 Troubleshooting procedure ilii i A 84 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page viii Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 D The system worked earlier but now I get error 5000 esse ee eee 85 XVIII Other technical details not elsewhere documented essen 86 A Struct reof the CFG T 86 1 Options that are set in ActiView and saved in the text CFG file 86 2 Options that you may want to adjust in the text CFG file underlined below 86 Appendix A Disinfection Guidettji Si iii sia a 88 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page ix Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 I Intended use of the system A Applications The BioSemi ActiveT wo measurement system is designed to measure potential differences on the human or animal body surface The system is successfully used to record signals originating from the brain electroencephalo graphy EEG the heart electrocardio graphy ECG and the muscles electromy ography EMG for research purposes The ActiveTwo system can be adapted to these different applications by using different versions of the active electrodes Besides body surface potentials the ActiveT wo system can acquire signals from
8. X Y 48 KB 19 gt 96mo _ 28 gt 36 mo M Red Y 56 56 0 20 or AB ee ee et ohildren teens small adults Me Re Ei ED BG AB ics a H E ee ee teens adults som re Lens raduis teens adults arge Blue 58 62 cm 56 0 20 or AB large teens adults Standard cap layouts for 16 32 and 64 channels are based on the International 10 20 System Layouts for 128 160 and 256 channels have electrode positions that are radially equidistant from CZ The electrode position coordinates of standard ActiveTwo head caps are available from the www cortechsolutions com Downloads htm web page meet 10 20 or AB 10 5 gt 36mo 15 5 gt 36 mo ed iemel e ae Ea The images below provide a top view of the 32 64 128 160 and 256 channel standard head cap layouts ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 8 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 a 32 channel layout BioSemi Layout 52 2 electrodes A A30 Fpi Fp2 A2 A29 AF3 AF4 A3 A28 F7 M A31 A27 Fe F3 si F4 A6 PA PA A25 FCS FC rez res A7 AB A32 A23 A24 T7 cs eus cz prt c4 Ta A10 ke A21 je CPi cp Ga A12 A13 A19 At P3 Pz P4 A20 P7 PB A14 A18 Pos Pos AIS A17 A16 o1 o2 oz b 64 channel lavout BioSemi Layout 64 2 electrodes B1 A1 fe B2 1 A2 da B3 A3 B5 AF7 AF8 AF3 ARC AP a ae ji Bo B10 ud e A4 Be B7 88 L F3 FI Fz F2j0 AF4 AB j 1 B1 fr A9 ato an mg B4 189 JBI2 ta FCS FC FCI pcs FC2 FCA FCS A15 Ata A13 A12 Bg B17 BI8 BIS B20 cs c3
9. a wide range of additional sensors in order to measure variables like body temperature muscle force etc B Research use only not a medical device The ActiveTwo is designed and intended to be used as an instrument for scientific research only The electrophysiological data acquired with the ActiveTwo is meant to be used within the framework of scientific research The system is not intended for medical applications The sy stem is not approved or allowed to be used for diagnosis or treatment of disease and the measured data shall not be used as a basis for any medical decision The system is not certified as a Medical Device as defined in EU directive 93 42 EEC Article 1 Sec 2 a European Union or as defined in the Federal Food Drug amp Cosmetic FD amp C Act Chapter II Sec 201 h USA Because the ActiveTwo is designed as an instrument for research it offers a flexibility that cannot be offered in a system designed for patient treatment For example the hardware configuration and the open source software are highly configurable to adapt the system to various demands of different research applications This flexibility however also allows the user to choose configurations and or software modifications that lead to corrupted data being measured This is the mains reason that the system shall not be used for diagnosis or treatment of patients Moreover the system is meant to be used only by skilled professionals ActiveTwo Oper
10. after using approximately 75 of capacity h See meter in ActiView for current battery state or place on charger when Low Battery LED comes on F Battery charger and AC adapter Sophisticated charging unit with intelligence to maintain optimal battery performance and maximize useful life coupled with a unique 9V 3A AC DC converter 1 Charger front panel a Red Full Charge LED On indicates battery charge is 0 90 so full char ge is being delivered b Yellow Trickle Charge LED On indicates battery charge is 90 or greater c Green Ready LED On indicates battery is fully charged d Charge output connector Socket for connecting cable from battery unit 2 Charger rear panel a DC power input connector Connect power from AC DC converter b Fuse Replaceable 5 AMP fuse 3 Connections a Connect AC adapter to charger b Plug AC adapter into AC socket c Connect battery unit to charger ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 18 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 G Fiber optic cable 1 Advantages a Perfectelectrical isolation Eliminates current leakage problems between host computer and patient connected device which vields better signal qualitv and ensures safer operation b Himinates interference pickup Len gth of fiber cable between front end and host PC can run next to other power and signal cables without picking up interference c Longer cable runs Cable runs up to 5
11. and the D connector e Faulty lead insulation If the wire insulation is broken but the wire is still intact it is possible for gel or other moisture on the electrode and lead wire even very small amount to conduct between the electrode contact and the exposed wire resulting in an electrical short circuit This will be detected by the ActiveTwo safety circuit as a fault f Other unknown faults 2 Troubleshooting procedure The best practice is to bench test the electrodes no participant connected just a virtual participant in the form of a bucket of water However if you are in the midst of a recording session it is possible to isolate a problem electrode lead connector and make the best of the session Most times this will mean losing just one channel of data a If a participant is connected and you want to proceed with recording data 1 If your Al 32 electrode set has CMS DRL on it then leave Al 32 plugged in and unplug each of the other connecoors e g Bl 32 EXGI one at a time to see if one of them causes the CM in Range light to come on 2 If your CMS DRL electrodes are plugged in at the front panel of the A D box then leave them connected and unplug each of the other connectors e g Al 32 EXGI one at a time to see if one of them causes the CM in Range light to come on 3 If you isolate one EXG electrode that causes CM in Range to come on then simply remove that electrode and repla
12. at a minimum receive high level disinfection between patients These devices include reusable flexible endoscopes endotracheal tubes anesthesia breathing circuits and respiratory therapy equip ment 6 Medical devices that require sterilization or disinfection must be thoroughly cleaned to reduce organic material or bioburden before being exposed to the germicide and the germicide and the device manufacturer s instructions should be closely followed 7 Except on rare and special instances as mentioned below items that do not ordinarily touch the patient or touch only intact skin are not involved in disease transmission and generally do not necessitate disinfection between uses on different patients These items include crutches bedboards blood pressure cuffs and a variety of other medical accessories Consequently depending on the particular piece of equipment or item washing with a detergent or using a low level disinfectant may be sufficient when decontamination is needed If noncritical items are grossly soiled with blood or other body fluids follow instructions outlined in the section on HIV related sterilization and disinfection of this information sy stem Exceptional circumstances that require noncritical items to be either dedicated to one patient or patient cohort or subjected to low level disinfection between patient uses are those involving 1 Patients infected or colonized with vancomy cin resistant enterococci or other
13. c1 c2 Ca c6 kol mL M8 MB S J Jm l A16 CP3 CP1 CPZ CP2 CPA m7 CPS A32 CP6 Tpg A21 A20 A31 B25 A22 P1 Pz P2 826 eer A23 ps P3 P4 Pe B28 P7 P8 B29 i A25 a iii a 830 B Po poms DRL 604 P10 po pog ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Page 9 c 128 channel layout I 2684 2 electrodes Fpz a ca ey Kag ti ta ce fn tu a c K pi B e m 8 e e pe Da cas t12 ca A e 6 a G bi n cm w e e 6 G fa 6 bi T7 G 0y BB C4 TA e 0 6 0 0 T y tw gt T a2 g bi PE 2 w pg Pag por rm m mog fas g Des k CMS DAL 6 l LC ba Q tm w f Pz m B bx 2 bx Yaa Ag B a for ER Bio LC a aso Q ey S aw aon AD lt w i Oz fo 12 te a a 454 a13 aw azs Fpz cx Pe id o E bie ter os LT bet E E bed Kae pes 6a Os ee xa bes Fz ID DS E pre pa t ien ka C12 p9 2 amp ba pg oy I ce ce Gw ta S p m e amp L e pc ea a a 9 e2 fa i cs ie TT E G a E ee ee ee U or D amp LC BS i fa tw K ew pa Kg S e pac Foo l A Pw m 9 coms oa BB ew E m m O aw Gw kw G fa ore 17 A ew a A AD B Fa ft ex sr A sa AT G A30 a ju aa DE k fao lase oa Aa er ed Mm Gis fom xs w RD fara ser a va 3 Gas ass ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 10 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 e 256 channel layout
14. information vou get from the Monopolar Displav tab during the process of electrode contact checking we recommend the followin g settings a Set Channels to include the range of inputs vou are using If vou are using 32 active electrodes on the first 68 pin connector for ribbon cables labeled A 32 normally used for pin tvpe active electrodes then select A under the Channels selector If you are using 128 active electrodes on four ribbon cables plugged in at the first four D connectors A1 32 D1 32 then select ABCD under the Channels selector b Set Reference to None Raw Selecting None Raw under Reference will show you the voltage reading at each active electrode with respect to CMS effectively the Common Note that this view is consistent with the way signals are stored by ActiView unreferenced The unreferenced view is helpful in identify ing noisy channels and it eliminates the possibility that the digital reference subtraction will make a saturated flat signal voltage exceeding the input range of the A D converter channel look like it is in range and measuring a meaningful signal c Turn off display filters Low Pass and High Pass The High Pass and Low Pass filters should be ff to maximize y our ability to see unwanted low and high frequency interference Use this unfiltered view to guide you in finding sources of interference and eliminating them before you start recording data To turn the display filters
15. is lost which causes the firmware in the ActiveTwo USB interface to crash The Data LED next to the fiber optic connector on the Optical Receiver USB Interface will still light up indicating the USB port is supplying power to the box and data are coming in from the A D box but the Data LED next to the USB port on the Optical Receiver will not light up If this happens just disconnect and reconnect the USB cable at the computer or at the USB Interface This will force the firmware in the USB interface to reinitialize and it should correct the problem ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 85 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XVIII Other technical details not elsewhere documented A Structure of the CFG file The CFG contains configuration options for the ActiView program The file format is similar to a Windows INI file with bracketed section headings followed by variables and arguments Some of these options can be set from the ActiView menu and some can be set only by editing the CFG file with a text editor 1 Options that are set in ActiView and saved in the text CFG file The entries in the sections listed below are best set within ActiView by using the interactive menus The purposes of these entries are mostly apparent from their names a Selectors b Free Choice c TCP 2 Options that you may want to adjust in the text CFG file underlined below Note ha any entry not underlined below is inadvisable to
16. magnetic shielding It is only in extreme cases that magnetic shielding would be required for the operation of the equipment Even in extreme cases if one part of the building poses a magnetic challen ge a different room in the building will be just fine Examples of sources of strong magnetic interference that may be of concern are MRI NMR equipment in adjacent rooms and large electrical motors associated with elevators trains or other heavy equipment in the immediate area around the lab space 4 Lighting Lighting in the participant room can be a source of electrical interference and heat both of which can be problematic for EEG recording Special attention should be paid to selecting light fixtures that provide adequate illumination while emitting minimum heat In general fluorescent lighting produces the greatest amount of electrical interference AC incandescent lighting is better but still somewhat electrically noisy The best option for minimizing electrical interference in a lab environment is low voltage DC lighting DC lights normally use halogen bulbs which generate more heat than incandescent bulbs so be careful to select DC lighting that does not generate excessive heat or compensate for the extra heat by providing extra AC ventilation 5 Ventilation Ventilation and temperature control are important variables in preparing the participant room Be sure that you have adequate temperature control and plenty of ventilation i
17. most Aux1 now carries CMS DRL ey BIO EMI out mode common L www biosemi cor 4 D 9 2 Aux 2 and Aux L ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Pe Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 3 typically carry 1 2 bipolar sensor signals a Sensor options see Optional Non EEG Sensors below for more de tails i Skin conductance ii Respiration iii Temperature iv Pulse plethy smograph v Other sensor options a Microphone b Photocell c Accelerometer d Load cell e Custom b Safety and signal quality precaution Aux inputs are on the patient connected side of the device so avoid connecting AC powered signal sources to these inputs Doing so could result in an unsafe situation and or reduction of signal quality on other channels b LED indicators 1 Power green On indicates power is reaching the A D box from the battery 2 CM in range blue On indicates CM S DRL electrodes are adequately connected to subject and no fault conditions over under current are detected 3 Low battery red On indicates low battery state activated when 20 of battery capacity is reached c Speed mode dial This dial sets the overall sample rate and bandwidth of system The final samp le rate to file is a function of both the speed mode and the ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 14 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 decimation ratio set in the ActiView software See the ActiveTwo User Guide for more details
18. of the A D box check to be sure that the A electrode set you are using does not also have CMS and DRL electrodes If it does then use these CM S DRL electrodes and unplug the CMS DRL set at the front panel c Faulty lead wire A broken lead wire under the wire insulation will be detected by the ActiveTwo safety circuit as a fault In particular old style EXG electrodes flat electrodes with individual leads and touchproof key shaped connectors are subject to this problem The old style EXG electrodes can be identified by their dark gray wire insulation jacket on which there is black printing If you have this type of EXG electrode and it is causing CM to go out of range then it is probably due to a lead wire fault inside the insulation near the junction with the active electrode The new sty le EXG electrodes have light gray lead wire insulation with no printing These lead wires have proven much more robust than the old style lead wires d Faulty lead connector junction on 32 channel electrode set Old sty le 32 channel active electrode sets with ribbon cables and 68 pin D connectors do not have a strain relief to keep the ribbon cable from pulling ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 83 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 the D connector apart Some very old electrode sets do not have epoxy glue in the joint where the connector clamps onto the ribbon cable Check for an intermittent contact at the junction between the ribbon cable
19. pins 1 8 on the DB37 connector pin 25 on the DB25 pin 37 onthe DB37 ground The other unused pins bits pins 9 16 on the DB37 connector are shorted to ground so that these bits are always held low E Start the device application that will send the trigger signals Start sending triggers and observe the analog trigger input signals to see if the port goes first to zero all bits low followed by brief pulses colored lines on the used bits F If trigger signals are visible and reliable Switch Trigger Format to Decimal to see if the trigger values are what you expected G If trigger signals are not visible reliable Increase the duration of trigger pulses to a value slightly higher than 1 R where R the final sample rate to file The sample rate to file can be determined by multiplying the overall sample rate associated with the selected speed mode by the decimation ration selected in ActiView ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 64 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 H Save a short test data file with triggers Read the sample file in your analysis program to ensure that triggers are faithfully represented L Trigger timing problems Be aware that the ActiveT wo trigger port is very reliable and any timing problems are guaranteed to be on the stimulus delivery side It is advisable to test trigger output timing using a two channel scope video photocell signal to channel one trigger bit to channel two audio
20. plastic wheeled cart may be useful for holding consumable supplies and if the participant room is small it is sometimes helpful for this cart to have wheels so that it can be rolled in and out as needed d Additional small table for equipment in participant area A small wood or plastic table is needed to hold the EEG system s input box The table should be small enou gh that it can sit beside or behind the participant B Regular testing with the one bucket and two bucket methods To ensure the best possible performance when you have a participant connected to the system bench test the system regularly without a participant to ensure everything is in working order 1 The one bucket test shorted input test a Fill a glass or plastic bowl or bucket with tap water and add a teaspoon of table salt NaCl b Make sure that the Active Two hardware is assembled correctly the power to the system is on and the ActiView ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 57 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 software is up and running c Connect CMS DRL to the A D box and submerge the CMS and DRL electrodes in the water d Connect only the offending electrode s to the system and submerge it in the salt water e Observe the CM in Range light If it goes out then see the section CM in Range does not come on in the ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines booklet f Set Channels left panel of ActiView monopolar display tab to di
21. s magnetic digitizer as close as possible to the participant s head and then measure the distance between the transmitter and the opposite side of the head Keep metal objects at least 3 times this distance from the transmitter and the participant s head Note that despite the fact that Aluminum is a poor conductor of electricity it is aparticularly poor choice for use in a tripod to mount the transmitter as it has a strong influence on the magnetic field 2 Separate rooms for participant and experimenter An area with two adjoining rooms is preferred one sound attenuated room for the participant and a separate area for the experimenter Sound attenuation and visual isolation will help your participant stay focused on the task at hand and it will allow the experimenter some freedom to move around and perform necessary tasks without distracting the participant 3 Shielded room An electrically shielded room often does not produce a noticeable improvement in the quality of EEG measured with ActiveTwo Whether it will be helpful depends on the environment and what type of devices you decide to bring inside of the shielded room with the participant a Faraday cage RF shielding not required A Faraday cage which is intended to provide protection against unwanted electric fields is generally not required with the AdiveTwo system Note that Faraday cages are often used to shield against radio frequency RF interference but RF is
22. the A D box speedmode to prevent selectors from remainin g disabled in the new speed mode ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 15 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 d DC input battery connector Note that the cable is attached to the battery rather than the A D box or AC charger supply The A D box is not intended to be operated from AC power e Optical output Fiber optic signal cable from A D box to optical receiver f Optical input optional Mark II A D boxes optionally can have two 2 fiber optic connectors on the front panel one input and one output The input is active only when operating the system in slave mode as part of a daisy chain of multiple A D boxes speed modes 1 3 4 Top panel a 68 pin D connectors labeled A1 32 to H1 32 1 Each connector carries 32 monopolar channels of data froma single ribbon cable 2 Al 32 represents inputs 1 32 B1 32 inputs 33 64 and so on 3 Standard configuration expects active electrodes not suitable for passive electrodes custom configuration possible b Key shaped two contact P D e 5e oz 28 connectors labeled EX1 e T e posmi EXS x 1 Each connector carries one monopolar channel of data 2 Standard configuration expects active electrodes not suitable for passive electrodes active adapter for passive electrodes available ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 16 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 E Battery unit 1 Overview a Two
23. 0 meters are possible without signal loss Standard cables are 3 meters in length 2 Description a Unidirectional fiber optic communication lead between optical output connector on front panel of A D box and optical receiver USB 2 0 interface b Standard multimode 62 5 125 simplex ST ST cable 3 Cautions Note that this cable is made of glass fiber and is somewhat delicate Take care to a Avoid running over the cable with rolling chair wheels b Avoid closing the cable in doors c Avoid setting heavv objects on the cable d Avoid positioning connections so that ends of cable are subject to shear stress ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 19 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 H Optical receiver USB 2 0 interface Receives digital data via unidirectional fiber optic cable from the A D box 1 Advantages a Portability Makes ActiveTwo completely portable when used with a notebook computer b Flexibility Programmable lo gic allows easy changing of number of channels and samp le rate c Hectrical isolation Trigger inputs remain galvanically isolated from A D box electrodes and patient d No unwieldy AC supply required Easy power supply from PC via USB 2 0 port e Simplifies troubleshooting LED indicators for data input and output f Easy Windows XP installation When performed properly installation under XP takes only a few minutes 2 Front panel a Fiber optic input connector b Data input LED
24. 2 Hz excitation signals The GSR signals to file are not filtered bandwidth is the anti aliasing filter frequency as displayed in the right sidebar However the frequency of the excitation frequency imposes a limit in the maximal frequency of the variations in impedance conductance that can be measured With the 16 Hz GSR a full wave of the excitation signal is necessary to calculate a conductance value This means that a new GSR value can only appear every half wave or every 31 25 ms At a 2048 Hz sample rate the BDF file will contain 64 identical samples for each single GSR value In other words the effective sample rate of the GSR is 32 Hz and consequently GSR variations faster than 16 Hz are ignored Nyquist ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 22 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 theorem Incidentally this is the reason for the choice of 16 Hz as the best compromise between the previous 512 Hz value and the typically used 10 Hz value A lower frequency makes the response to GSR chan ges too slow and a higher value results in responses that involve both resistive and capacitive components rather than the more pure measure of skin resistance conductance See the appropriate headin g below for further information about the type of unit you are using a 512 Hz GSR coupler The 512 GSR circuit in ActiveTwo uses 1 LA constant current 512 Hz square wave signal that is synchronized with the ActiveTwo system s sample rat
25. 31 2007 Attemp ting to plug in a D connector in the wrong orientation can result in a bent pin on a 68 pin D connector electrode ribbon cable Attemp ting to plug in a damaged D connector can result in damage to the mating D connector on the top of the A D box Since all of the connectors on the top of the A D box are mounted to a single input board a single damaged input connector may require the entire input board to be replaced 2 Flat type electrodes individual leads two lead cable with key shaped connectors Individual leads with key shaped connectors are intended to plug in at EXG1 8 on the top panel of the A D box Note that the labels on the electrodes match labels on the connectors so it is a good idea to be consistent in connecting these leads to the A D box in such a way that the labels match That said the labels in the electrodes are somewhat arbitrary and it is possible to plug in an electrode labeled EXG1 at the jack labeled EXG2 without any ill effects aside from the obvious potential confusion that could result Note that individual leads with key shaped connectors are available with pin type electrodes to supplement the standard electrode array provided by the head cap ribbon cable or as quick insert leads to replace a faulty electrode from a 32 channel ribbon cable on an emer gency basis 3 CMS DRL set with circular DIN connector Important keep leads together a IMPORTANT Wrap the CMS DRL cable around t
26. 66 9 Turn off some CAN T 66 10 What if my data appear as flat nes sese eee 66 B Appoins an FEG reer ne cacao dad le 67 1 Version dependencies in EEG reference handling seen 67 2 Applying a reference in EM SE Data E IEOT esse essen 67 XII Measuring physiological signals other than EEG sese seene 68 A App any additional sensors ta ita et nenn 68 B Turn on the display of desired Sensas sese 68 1 In ActiView Select the Auxiliary Sensors Lab 68 2 Select sensors to displ y idea is res ata d deus acuetecbaceas 68 3 Choose suitable scale settings for the selected Sensors sees 68 4 Set DC reset at screen start ON or OE 68 C Savethedisplayed ScngOrS sibi d tA 68 XII Analyzing physiological signals other than EEG asses ee eser 69 A ActiveTwo is typically used with at least a few non EEG signals sse sees eee eee 69 B Active wo Act View file format BDE asses see eee sees a 69 C EDFys BDL cata tah 69 D Which signal analysis tools read BDF files2 nn ne 69 IE 21 SS Sa ka d eiiean 69 Die gt S a E sek a an 69 3J A BSana ly ZE a eta 69 Ara SEEGLA pie de te eat an n EOE E A E E 69 5s BIOSIG siusis E E E E mere mere mr 69 E Which ones are designed for analysis of non EEG signals2 en 69 F Signals often combined with EEG sese eee eee 70 L Signals measured with active Sle Ctr es asian sie jebsa b 70 2 Signals measured with specialized Sensors sss eee seene 71 XIV Basic fil
27. Active Two system Operating Guidelines Edited by Lloyd Smith Cortech Solutions LLC Lsmith cortechs olutions com Please forward suggestions for improvement of this manual to the address above ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page i Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page ii Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Table of Contents L Intended useof the Sy SUM ests tas ek a a ersten terete le eeeek baeecuideabacde 1 Ta 5 11 53 Te 1611 TT 1 B Research use only not a medical device 1 Il Educational resources available to ActiveT WO USETS seren ena nn 2 E a TAT 2 Be Active wo User Cr iena went istat be be viti dei d da 2 C On site installation and training tassena dd ta 2 D Web site of Cortech Solutions US Canada representative sss sse sees eee ee eee eee 2 E Web site of BioSemi manufacturer Of Ave TWO sss esse 2 III Ca tions what NOT tO G a i da a 3 A Do not attempt to use the system before familiarizing y ourself with the documentation 3 B Do not connect any AC powered device to the A D BOX sese 3 C Do not allow active electrode tips to come into contact with any other metal 3 D Do not store a full depleted battery cessans e 3 E Do not use soap to clean gel paste from the electrodes sss sese 3 F Do not soak electrodes in any liquid for more than 10 minutes at a time 3 G Do not plug connectors into system in the wrong orientation
28. D ascending order of deleterious effects on electrode materials ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 6 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 Hydrogen peroxide 2 Isopropyl alcohol 70 3 Intermediate level disinfectants a Eco Tru Enviro Systems b Envirocide Metrex 4 Not recommended high level disinfectants a Metricide Metrex Accelerates loss of Chloride from electrodes dry ing crackin g of lead wire insulation and bleaching of electrode head cap labels ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 7 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 B Comfortable flexible head caps for the ActiveTwo system The ActiveTwo head cap was developed in cooperation with Dr Peter Praamstra at the Behavioral Brain Sciences Center University of Birmingham United Kingdom The head cap consists of an elastic cap with plastic electrode holders The cap itself does not contain electrodes only plastic electrode holders that receive the pin type active electrodes The caps have ear slits for easy access to the ears Head caps are provided with an elastic velcro chin strap for fixing the cap in place but body harnesses with criss cross chest straps are also available The fabric template of the standard caps is suitable for positioning electrodes at traditional 10 20 positions 1 Sizes and layouts Caps are available in a wide range of sizes and with a variety of electrode position lay outs A La mm em Ta Com f oam aam o
29. PORTANT Windows will detect the USB device and it may bring up a dialog box asking whether it can search Windows update to find a suitable driver IMPORTANT ANSWER NO TO THIS QUESTION d Next Windows will ask whether it can find the best driver automatically Found New Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install software for Receiver 5 If your hardware came with an installation CD 6 or floppy disk insert it now What do you want the wizard to do O Install from a list or specific location Advanced Click Next to continue ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 32 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 If you have the BioSemi CD in the drive Select the option Install the software automatically and Windows will find the driver 2 If you downloaded the software from the BioSemi web site a Be sure to unzip the contents of the downloaded zip file to a folder on your PC b Select the option to Install from a list or specific location and click Next to proceed c Select In dude this location in the search and type the path to the folder where you placed the driver or use the Browse option to locate the folder Found New Hardware Wizard Please choose your search and installation options es Search for the be 3 Use the check boxes below to limit or expand the default search which includes local paths and removable me
30. Triggering for event related potentials sss sese sees eee eee 64 A Connect the triggering device computer to the AciveT wo Trigger Input Port 64 B Assemble Active wa and turn Of DOWGr sese eee eee eee 64 C Select Analog under trigger format in the Monopolar Display page 64 D Observe the state of the trigger input DOR sees sees eee eee 64 E Start the device application that will send the trigger signals sese eee eee 64 F Iftrigger signals are visible and reliable sse 64 G Iftrigger signals are not visible reliable sees eee 64 H Save a short test data file with triggers sse eee eee 65 L Trggertimmgproblemg sessi ssiissarisisiisrsesissesisia sii tsiaikisreaiosie eniai saatan iat eiid sade is ESTEA rina sea 65 XI Basic file reading and analysis steps for EEG ERP in EM SE Suite 5 1 lene 66 S PBT BES asensi eei REE E Ee Ee EEE EEEE E EER Eia 66 l Fil gt New Workspaces T 66 2 Right click Project 1 and select Add gt Time series data sss 66 3 Browse to a data file and double click sss 66 4 Right click on new data file and select Load sss seene 66 5 EMSE analyzes the event channel is sies eee 66 G Select Edit gt ChannelS sssssssnisiieseisoinseiisoirinansisiisniiieisen i ikonica siiani ORO oa RRs 66 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page vi Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 7 Turn OFF any unused channels and the Status channel eee eee 66 8 Designate Pass Trough channels sss sese eee eree eee
31. a Windows shortcut to ActiView Right click on the file with the EXE extension in the ActiView folder and select Create Shortcut Rename and move the shortcut file to your Desktop lt DriveLetter gt Documents and Settin gs lt YourUserNameHere gt or to the shared desktop lt DriveLetter gt Documents and Settings All Users to make it convenient for other users to find and access the shortcut ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 35 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 VII Applying electrodes and sensors to participant A Applying pin type active electrodes 1 Familiarize yourself with basic skull surface anatomy If you are not already familiar with the surface anatomy of the skull familiarize yourself with the important landmarks used in EEG positioning These are a Nasion b Inion c Left preauricular point LPA and right preauricular point RPA d Vertex intersection of lines between nasion inion Adapted from Gray s Anatomy Phil iphia Lea amp Febiger 1918 and le ft right a Barteby com 2000 preauricular points also know as Cz 2 Fit the head cap a Measure head circumference to select proper cap size Measure the circumference of the subject s head just above the eyebrows and over the inion at the back of the head Use this circumference measurement as a guide in choosing ahead cap size Fifteen cap sizes are available but most users have access only to a few sizes Cap sizes are i
32. a file because your PC does not have enough memory to read and analyze the whole file then specify which blocks to read in the first field 2 Event channel designation Enter the last channel number as the event channel the prompt will tell you how many there are so if it says 1 17 enter 17 IMPORTANT The built in EEGLAB function that handles reading events from the Status channel is limited to data collected from ActiveTwo Mark I systems all ActiveTwo systems up to about October or November 2005 For data collected with M ark II systems it is best to use the events derived by BIOSIG For specific instructions on this please consult the EEGLAB list and or Alois Schloegl the developer of BIOSIG 3 Reference EEGLAB knows that ActiveTwo data are stored unreferenced so it wants the operator to say which channel should be used to rereference the data Enter a channel number and click OK ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 73 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XV Electrode care and cleaning A Five Rules of thumb 1 Clean with water Clean electrodes softly immediately after use when the gel is still soft by hand with warm water 2 Dry with paper towel store away from direct sunlight Dry the electrodes softly with handtowels Store the electrodes in a dark dry place 3 No soap avoid contact with metals Do not use aggressive soaps etc Do not let the pellets touch any kind of metals 4 Remove from ca
33. als often combined with EEG 1 Signals measured with active electrodes a EOG electrooculogram There are a few different reasons why one would want to measure EOG in combination with EEG 1 Artifact detection and trial rejection Eye movements and blinks produce significant artifacts in EEG Consequently EOG is most often monitored along with EEG to improve one s ability to distinguish between artifact and real data EM SE Suite BESA g B Sanaly ze and EEGLAB offer this capability 2 Artifact removal Algorithms can be applied for removing EOG artifacts from EEG This is sometimes necessitated by the fact that the population of interest is unable to control their eye movements It is sometimes necessitated by the experimental paradigm EM SE Suite BESA g BSanaly ze and EEGLAB offer this capability 3 Rejection of trials based on eye movements In experiments where visual fixation is required EOG is often used simp ly to exclude trials on which a participant moved her eyes EMSE Suite BESA g BSanalvze and EEGLAB offer this capability b ECG electrocardiogram ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 Monitoring heart rate as a dependent variable or for trial selection rejection Most often ECG would be combined with EEG to permit monitoring of heart rate on a moment by moment basis for purposes of trial selection rejection or categorization For this purpose one may be better o
34. alue on one or more channels e g one saturated or unused channel which confuses the autoscaling algorithm In this case click the second icon from the left to apply apolynomial default order 1 or linear detrend to the signals This will center the traces on their channel labels at left and compensate for any offset or drift that may confuse the autoscaling al gorithm ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 66 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 B Applying an EEG reference ActiView always stores signals WITHOUT A REFERENCE single ended or monopolar no matter what choice of reference you select on the left hand panel of the ActiView screen 1 Version dependencies in EEG reference handling a How reference was handled in EMSE 5 0 If you load BDF data in EM SE 5 0 the software will ask you to specify what kind of reference was used and you should select the implicit option even though this is not strictly correct This was a work around made necessary by the fact that BioSemi is the only system supported by EM SE Suite that does not include an implicit reference in the stored data b How reference is handled in EMSE 5 1 The way the reference is handled for BDF data files has been improved in 5 1 The software now knows that BioSemi files are always stored without a reference so it does not ask you to specify a reference when you read the file This does not change the fact that you still must apply a reference using the Fi
35. as the last two electrodes on the A1 32 electrode set Note that on new systems the pins on the first D connector serving CMS and DRL are still connected so if you plug in an A electrode set with CM S DRL and a circular DIN connector with CM S DRL the safety circuit of ActiveTwo will be en gaged causing the CM in Range light to go out and making it impossible to record meanin gful data IMPORTANT Be careful to avoid electrolyte bridges between CMS and or DRL and active electrodes An electrolyte bridge short between any active electrode and DRL will result in very high noise in the signal measured from the active electrode An electrolyte bridge between any active electrode and CMS will result in a flat line no voltage can be measured between two shorted contacts B Apply flat type active electrodes If you will use flat type active electrodes to measure EOG ECG EMG or EEG reference that you did not apply before putting on the head cap then apply those at this time Some cleanin g of the skin with an alcohol prep pad may be necessary in case of excessive makeup or sweat Note that it is possible to use only flat type active electrodes without a head cap but you must always have CMS and DRL connected to the subject In this case you will need to have a special flat type CM S DRL set that plugs into the front panel of the A D box If you are not using the head cap you may wonder where the CMS and DRL electrodes should be pos
36. ating Guidelines Page 1 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 ll Educational resources available to ActiveTwo users A This booklet This booklet was first developed in February of 2006 for use in a training course provided by Cortech Solutions in Wilmington NC USA We expect to update it periodically B ActiveTwo User Guide BioSemi has done an excellent job of documenting the ActiveT wo hardware in the ActiveTwo User Guide This document is always available on the ActiView software CD C On site installation and training Take advantage of the opportunity to have an experienced technician visit after a new ActiveT wo purchase to help install the sy stem software and train you and your colleagues in its operation and maintenance D Web site of Cortech Solutions US Canada representative Visit www cortechsolutions com especially the Support section E Web site of BioSemi manufacturer of ActiveTwo Visit www biosemi com especially the FAQ frequently asked questions section ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 2 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 lil Cautions what NOT to do A Do not attempt to use the system before familiarizing yourself with the documentation Most operator errors that result in damage to the system can be avoided by familiarizing y ourself with the system documentation especially this section and the sections covering Electrode Handling and Battery Maintenance B Do not connect any AC powered
37. atus you choose to use and the type of software you will use to analy ze the resulting data Follow these general guidelines to trigger ActiveT wo A Connect the triggering device computer to the ActiveTwo Trigger Input Port If a trigger cable was provided with your system for this particular stimulator it should work fine without modification Typically trigger cables provided by Cortech Solutions are designed to connect a standard PC parallel port to the ActiveT wo trigger input port If the cable you have was designed to connect another type of device you may need to modify it before it will work with your device Consult your support contact for assistance or see the ActiveT wo Trigger Input Port pinout information in the ActiveTwo User Guide or at http www biosemi com faq trigger signals htm B Assemble ActiveTwo and turn on power Make sure that the ActiveTwo hardware is assembled correctly the power to the system is on and the ActiView software is up and running C Select Analog under trigger format in the Monopolar Display page D Observe the state of the trigger input port See if the used bits are bein g held low or high Each pin on the trigger port is the equivalent to one trigger bit The port has 16 pins bit plus a ground The standard ActiveT wo trigger cable provided by Cortech Solutions is designed for use with a standard PC parallel port and has only 8 bits plus ground connected pins 2 9 on the DB25 connector
38. audio line level signal to channel one trigger bit to channel two If testing with a scope reveals no problems it is possible to test ActiveT wo trigger timing by connecting a photocell or mic signal to one ActiveT wo channel optional photocell and mic sensors are available and a trigger bit to the ActiveT wo trigger port ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 65 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XI Basic file reading and analysis steps for EEG ERP in EMSE Suite 5 1 A Basic steps 1 File gt New Workspace 2 Right click Project 1 and select Add gt Time series data 3 Browse to a data file and double click 4 Right click on new data file and select Load 5 EMSE analyzes the event channel EM SE creates a new table of events in a text file 6 Select Edit gt Channels Scroll to the bottom of the list 7 Turn OFF any unused channels and the Status channel This will simplify later display and signal processing steps 8 Designate PassTrough channels Change any poly graphic non EEG channels to PassThrough and click OK 9 Turn off some channels To optimize the display of EEG you may want to view only the EEG channels or only poly graphic channels since the relatively large scales of poly graphic channels may conflict with the small scale of EEG channels 10 What if my data appear as flat lines If there appears to be no signal on any of the channels it is most likely a problem of there being a very high signal v
39. ce it if possible 4 If you isolate one D connector that causes CM in Range to come on then plug that connector back in and remove the active electrodes associated with that connector from the head cap one at a time until CM in Range comes on If more than one electrode is at fault it may not be possible to ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 84 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 identify the offending electrode in d reasonable amount of time using this procedure b Bench testing the one bucket test 1 Filla glass or plastic bowl or bucket with tap water and adda teaspoon of table salt NaCl 2 Make sure that the ActiveTwo hardware is assembled correctly the power to the system is on and the ActiView software is up and running 3 Connect CMS DRL to the A D box and submerge the CMS and DRL electrodes in the water Leave CMS and DRL connected and in the salt water throughout the test 4 Connect all of the active electrodes to the system and submerge them in the salt water one by one or in organized groups until you identify one or more electrodes that cause the CM in range LED to go out D The system worked earlier but now I get error 5000 If the system worked fine before and nothing has changed as far as connections or computer configuration then the Power settings of your computer Control Panel may have caused the computer to go into Standby mode When standby is activated the power to the USB port
40. chan ge by editing the text CFG file a System Warnin g 0 Motherboard 12 ElecGain O L nn nenenenennena 0 31 25n V bit 1 125n V bit AIBGaina israse 0 31 25n V bit 1 125n V bit Resp Switch 0 IQ standard ergo 1 ergo 1 and 2 coupled to trigger 9 and 10 for response switches IE WiC TD TTT I1 to 5 thin to thick b Labels For the entries below be careful to change only the text to the right of the equal sign Keep labels to four characters or less for convenience of data display Chan1l Fp 1 Chan2 AF7 Chan3 AF3 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 86 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Toul EXG1 Tou2 EX G2 Tou3 EX G3 Auxl GSRI Aux2 GSR2 Aux3 Er gl Aux4 Er 92 Aux5 Resp Aux6 Plet Aux7 Temp Aux8 Batt Jazz l Evex Jazz2 Evex Jazz3 AccX Jazz4 AccY Jazz5 Heam Jazz6 Oxvh Jazz7 Amb Jazz8 M ic Jazz9 Pow Boxl Anal Box2 Ana2 Box3 Ana3 Trig St atus c Save ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Subset 6 Touchproofs 1 Sensors 0 Jazz 1 Anas 1 SaveBo x 15 PauseOff 1 1 is disabled 0 255 is enabled PauseOn 1 1 is disabled 0 255 is enabled SavePath c BDFdata Testdata bdf Page 87 Appendix A Disinfection Guidelines The Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion DHQP of the US Centers for Disease Control CDC maintains detailed guidelines on sterilization or disinfection of patient care equ
41. cket and two bucket methods mn 57 1 The one bucket test shorted input test sees 57 2 The two bucket test testing inter channel calibration sss sese ee eee eee ee eee eee 58 C Electrode and head cap maintenance fascia cas esse eee eee eee 59 1 Follow the current guidelines for electrode handling L 59 2 Follow these guidelines for head cap maintenance eee eee eee 61 D Participant intake pr ced res idur ina danteamuesteeegreutedsies 61 1 Measure head at intake and make sure you have a head cap that fits snugly 61 2 Instruct participants in advance to ears sce dees ek b a de 61 E Electrode application and signal quality checking sss seer eee eee 61 1 Enron the side of too little gel rather than too much sss sese 62 2 Use Electrode Offset tab in ActiView to check offsets sse sese 62 3 Check signal quality in monopolar and bipolar tabs using Reference None Raw 62 F Positioning of A D box cables and participant ss sess eee eee 63 1 Follow the furniture guidelines above sss sese esse seene 63 2 Position A D box as close as practically possible to participant sse 63 3 Keep the active electrode leads close together alon g the len gth of the run from IT RTS ante CO A D T e 63 4 Wrap CMS DRL around the other leads 3 5 times to minimize the loop pickup area 63 5 Keep power cables power supplies and cables carrying other high level signals away trom the PACA YN T 63 X
42. d 4 IMPORTANT ActiView is still Paused Note that after all of the above steps the software is still not saving data ActiView comes up in Paused mode and it is necessary to un pause manually or using a reserved code from a remote computer connected to ActiveT wo via the trigger input port Click on Paused to switch the software to the Saving mode During the recording session you can click Pause Save to interrupt data saving while the display continues to update and then click Paused to resume saving ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 54 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 IX Best practices for making good EEG measurements A Optimizing the laboratory environment 1 Ample room Clear enough space in the lab for the ActiveTwo system computer s and any necessary furniture Allow at least 2 3 feet between ActiveTwo A D box participant and any source of electrical interference As an aside note that people often confuse some of the environmental requirements of our magnetic 3D digitizer products with those of ActiveTwo Note that these are separate issues In most cases a full equipped participant room is a uniquely bad place to measure electrode positions Ifyou will be using a Patriot of Fastrak magnetic digitizer to measure electrode positions remember that metal objects i e metal file cabinets metal studs in walls etc near the participant can impact the accuracy of position measurements Mount the system
43. device to the A D box Connecting an AC powered signal source to the A D box will decrease the signal to noise ratio of other signals measured by the A D box and it can pose a safety risk An optional auxiliary Analog Input Box is offered for this purpose C Do not allow active electrode tips to come into contact with any other metal Contact between dissimilar metals can result in corrosion and reduction in electrode performance e g increased noise D Do not store a full depleted battery When a battery enters shutdown mode red Shutdown LED on front panel of battery comes on during system operation and power to system is lost it is in its most fragile state It is imperative to place the batter on the charger immediately to prevent further loss of charge that could result in permanent damage to the battery E Do not use soap to clean gel paste from the electrodes Wash electrodes immediately after use with warm water to remove gel paste residue Soap can accelerate the loss of Chloride from the electrode pellets and its use on a routine basis should be avoided F Do not soak electrodes in any liquid for more than 10 minutes at a time Prolonged soaking of the electrodes allows liquid to penetrate the ceramic electrode pellet softening it and making it more vulnerable to breakage Soaking the electrodes in liquid for a prolonged period of time also results in corrosion or loss of electrode material G Do not plug c
44. dia The best driver found wil be installed CI Search removable media floppy CD ROM V Include this location in the search D My Documents Software Downloads ActiveTwo Don t search will choose the driver to install Choose this option to select the device driver from a list Windows does not guarantee that the driver you choose will be the best match for your hardware d Click Next to proceed e Success BioSemi icon If Windows finds and installs the correct driver you will see the BioSemi icon in the final dialog box ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 33 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Found New Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has finished installing the software for lem Receiver BOS EM L Click Finish to close the wizard D LabVIEW Runtime Engine Installation ActiView 5 34 and later require Lab VIEW Runtime Engine LVRTE version 7 1 Note that other versions of ActiView may require different versions of LVRTE See the table at http www biosemi com download_actiview htm for a list of ActiView versions and the version of LVRTE required for each a link to download each is also provided 1 Locate LVRunTimeEng exe Open Windows Explorer If you are installing from the CD then browse to the BioSemi CD and find the folder containing the LVRTE self installer called LVRunTimeEng exe If you downloaded ActiView and LVRTE fr
45. drug resistant microorganisms judged by the infection control program based on current state regional or national recommendations to be of special or clinical or epidemiolo gic significan ce or 2 Patients infected with highly virulent microorganisms e g viruses causin g hemorrhagic fever such as Ebola or Lassa If you have questions about a low or intermediate level disinfectant and certain sterilants contact the manufacturer or the Antimicrobial Pro gram Branch Environmental Protection Agency EPA hotline 703 308 0127 or email info_antimicrobial epa gov The EPA is the federal regulatory agency for low or intermediate level disinfectants and some sterilants If you have questions about high level disinfectants sterilants or how to clean disinfect or sterilize a particular medical device first contact the manufacturer of the product If you are unable to obtain sufficient information in this manner contact the Food and Drug Administration FDA regional office or the FDA Center for Devices and Radiological Health at 301 443 4690 FDA is the federal regulatory agency for safe and effective use of medical devices and is now also responsible for regulation of chemical sterilants Date last modified August 20 2002 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 89 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007
46. e Although these are different from the parameters often used in GSR measurement this design is intended to make the GSR coupler optimally compatible with the apparatus for EEG measurement Typical GSR AC excitation frequencies overlap with the frequency range recorded in EEG thus makin g it difficult to measure EEG at the same time without corrupting the signal DC excitation can affect the EEG baseline producing electrode offsets that make it similarly difficult to measure EEG simultaneously The LSB value resolution is 1 Q With the 24 bit ADC the GSR signal has an input range of 0 to 262 kO Because ActiveT wo uses a higher excitation frequency than most stand alone devices it measures smaller absolute skin resistance values Also the response on subject s arousal is an INCREASE in skin resistance instead of the DECREASE of skin resistance seen with DC and low frequency up to approx 10 Hz excitation However the response is very reliable we measure a typical resting skin resistance of approx 5 KQ with responses of 50 100 Q and a quick return to the baseline value after when the subject relaxes again Since many analysis programs do not have a mechanism to handle units other than uV it is useful to know that GSR data points are scaled such that when the GSR units are displayed in uV 1 UV is equal to 1 Q To convert to Siemens take the reciprocal of the Q value S 1 R Note that you cannot simply take the reciprocal o
47. e good care of the electrodes followin g the Electrode Handling guidelines in the ActiveTwo User Manual you should see mainly small variations in offset that are easily tolerated by the system 3 Verify low stable offsets across channels Verify that offsets at each active electrode are between 40 mV and they do not oscillate rapidly when the participant moves his or her head back and forth It is a good idea to ask the participant to move while viewing the offsets to ensure a good stable connection 4 If offsets are all at the maximum level CMS DRL Stable contacts at CMS and DRL are necessary for measuring low stable offsets on other channels If offsets at all channels are at 262 mV then the CM in ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 51 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Range LED is probably off It may be necessary to part the hair or add electrolyte gel to make a stable contact at CMS DRL 5 If offsets only at certain channels are at the maximum level If some channels show high offsets but the majority show low stable offsets then part the hair with the syringe tip and add gel at the offending sites H Select Monopolar Display tab to view incoming signals Once you have done what is necessary to create low stable electrode offsets at all of the active electrodes you should click over to the Monopolar Display tab to view the incomin g signals 1 Settings to use in checking electrode contacts To maximize the
48. e reading and analysis steps for EEG ERP in EEGLAB nn 73 A Start MATLAB and BBG LA Ba ei e i ng a la a 73 B Select File gt Import data gt From BioSemi BDF File using BIOSIG eee 73 C Browse tothe file and double click on ilii ei ana ki resi 13 D ImportBDF TET T TA L Re digonly partot the 51 iqis jevtnaiai tran ro ia a A a 13 Nent channel d si natin ise u A 73 Dee Referen e sat a 73 XV Electrode care and cleaning ana a a 74 A Five Riles of GOD id i b aT E Eaa 74 ls Clean With Water aa neninn aene caudate aieiaiei 74 2 Dry with paper towel store away from direct sunlight sss sese esse seene 74 3 ING soap avoid contact with metals sees 74 4 Remove from cap gently a ai kie ee eee eee 74 RS NS s TTT 74 Bi Handing T 74 1 Remove electrodes from cap and connector from A D box gently sen 74 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page vii Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 2 Remove from cap Gently cas eee asc di G dh aed ed treet GL accel cee aiiis 74 Ds Connector CSCO a aa 74 4 Keep connector clean and dry sss sese 74 54 Minimiziri electrode drift i sidi Cnr Marre ana 74 C e OT serene net eet Cv eter tnt te Or nnn Neer ene eter E mete rey errr a retrrererery 75 1 Usewarm tap Watet sisien 75 2 11 sx ET S ROCESS AIG iss fidi g a is e 75 3 Dry with paner towel and air dry ul 75 4 MN SA insiet a dg EES 75 5 Clean before allowing Cy ala ad 75 D Storage M odifications Splitting of the fla
49. e the flat type active electrodes with an adhesive electrode past such as Ten20 paste or Elefix Alternatively you can use collodion glue to apply the electrodes to a participant s scalp for sleep studies or other long term monitoring applications use only non acetone remover Take care to use the same electrolv te paste for the CMS DRL and EEG reference electrodes c Latest design improvement Flat type active electrodes now have a stronger wire to address problems with leads breaking at the junction with the active electrode This new wire can be distinguished from the old wire by the fact that the new wire has a light gray color and no printing on the insulation jacket whereas the old wire had a dark gray color and printing on the jacket 1 ActiveTwo User Manual See the latest version of the ActiveT wo User M anual for detailed specifications and operating instructions for the A D box 2 New features of the Mark Il A D box The new Mark II mk2 A D box has the capacity for 280 channels total The mark II design also includes the capability to be daisy chained with other A D boxes in a master slave relationship slave boxes must have Optical In port on front panel which is added as an extra cost option In certain circumstances e g daisy chaining the Mark II boxes can provide greater numbers of channels at bandwidth settings previously supported 3 Front panel a Aux connectors Y f 1 Left
50. edle or syringe tip into one of the electrode holders bein g careful to touch the scalp and lift the sy ringe away from the head as you press the plunger If you hold the tip at the scalp and do not pick up while pressing the plunger the gel will spread across the scalp rather than formin g a conductive column from the scalp to the top of the electrode holder As your first site choose a position where the hair seems to be fullest IMPORTANT do not abrade the scalp as is traditionally done with other EEG systems This will only increase the risk of breakin g the skin which can result in infection d Ask the participant whether they feel the gel at the scalp If the participant does not feel the cold sensation of the gel at the scalp the use the tip of the syringe to part the hair touch the scalp with the tip and rock gently back and forth once or twice and then inject a small amount of gel Ask the participant again if they feel the gel If so then proceed to the next step If not then try another location where the hair is less full Repeat this until the participant reports feeling the cold sensation of the gel on the scalp Use this self report technique any time you doubt whether the gel is making contact with the scalp 1 Important notes about electrode contact impedance With ActiveTwo the gel simply needs to make contact with the scalp and with the electrode which will be placed in the electrode holder later to measu
51. eed a display mode with resolution equal to or greater than 1920 x 1200 2 If a suitable display mode is not available If your display graphics adapter monitor does not support a video mode with adequate resolution to display the version of ActiView you are using then you may consider using a lower resolution version of ActiView If you are already using the LoRes version 1280 x 1024 then consider up gradin g your monitor a If you are using a notebook or laptop Because notebook and laptop displays that support SXGA or greater resolution are becoming rare BioSemi now offers a lower resolution wide screen version 1440 x 900 for notebooks b If you are using an LCD monitor LCD monitors tend to offer fewer display modes than most graphics cards these days so try switching to a CRT traditional monitor with cathode ray tube c If you are already using a CRT If you are already using a CRT then you may need to upgrade to a new graphics adapter or an entirely new computer B Noisy active electrodes Noisy signals on certain active electrodes during a recordin g session may indicate a problem with the electrode but noisy signals can also result from a poor contact with the subject s scalp Follow these steps to troubleshoot active electrodes ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 81 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 The one bucket test a Fill a glass or plastic bowl or bucket with tap water and add a teasp
52. eee eee eee eee 3 H Do not use alligator clips or other metal conductors to connect signal inputs to the active I T 4 IV Components and accessories of the system sss eee eee 5 As Consumable BU 51 cas asics of i aeecast ea oraedee 5 1 Electrolytes for use with active clecrodes sss sese 5 2 Syringe to inject gel into head cap electrode holders sese 5 3 Double sided adhesive electrode rings for use with flat type active electrodes 6 4 Other consumable items you might find useful sese sees sees eee eee eee 6 B Comfortable flexible head caps for the ActiveTWO svstem e eee eee 8 l Pa 2 and Day OU ac ace ec a ape oe escent ce eee eee eee 8 C US acca een epee aenar ea Een EEE R 11 1 Pin type electrodes on ribbon cable sia 11 2 Flat tvpeelectrodes with individual leads connectors sss sese 12 De EN 13 1 Active Wo Wiser IVa RTT 13 2 New features of the Mark HI A D box sss essen 13 3 S s AUS H 13 4 Tp paneles aaa Ea laseah adele E e a aiaei 16 E Batt ry nit piesiiceneipisresrinne innii na 17 l IVE VIG i E R EE E A EE 17 2 Advic amp and T STT 17 F Battery chareer and AC ali et ii iii inn ieia aa E 18 l gt MTNA ST front PPE i an 18 2 Charger Pear STT 18 Dy COnNECHONS eienenn ta jan 18 G Fib roptie cable acces pued gsc enea e Eeen aan eaa E E a EEEE EO EEEE E 19 l RUE AMMA b a a 19 De R e eT 1 STs ai E a Raa p E EA a aaa ia Taaa ia 19 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page iii Rev 6 Prin
53. ements in ActiveT wo testing has confirmed that there is minimal influence from the 16 Hz excitation frequency on the EEG signal The LSB value resolution with the 16 Hz SC frequency is 1 nanoSiemens With the 24 bit ADC The SC signal has an input range of 574 nanoSiemens 1 7 M Ohm to 262 000 nanoSiemens 3 8 kOhm With the 16 Hz SC coupler in ActiveT wo the response on subject s arousal is an INCREASE in skin conductance DECREA SE in skin resistance instead of the INCREASE of skin resistance seen with the 512 Hz GSR Since many analysis programs do not have a mechanism to handle units other than uV it is useful to know that SC data points are scaled such that when SC units are displayed in uV 1 uV is equal to 1 nano Siemens To convert to Ohms take the reciprocal of the Siemens value R 1 S For example 10 000 nano Siemens is 100 kOhm Note that you cannot simply take the reciprocal of a conductance CHANGE because R2 R1 is not equal to 1 S2 S1 So every point should be converted from Siemens to Q separately before calculating changes in 2 ActiveTwo s SC measurement works with a DC coupled amp same as for the EEG channels so there is no high pass time constant to worry about Any high pass filtering would be performed in software off line A low pass filter of 3 10 Hz is usually applied off line to reduce interference ActiView displays the SC signal with a 3 Hz low pass but the data to file are full bandwidth no f
54. equate contacts at the active electrodes d Unstable offsets Have the participant move her head back and forth a few times to ensure that the contacts are stable even durin g rapid movements 3 Check signal quality in monopolarand bipolar tabs using Reference None Raw Ask the particip ant to sit quietly while you observe the EEG signal on the Monopolar and Bipolar pages Set Channels to display all of the channels associated with electrodes you have connected to the system set Reference to None raw to display the single ended voltage measurement between CMS and each channel and turn off the high pass and low pass filters de select the green button below each in the M onopolar Display page Look for problems such as a High 60 Hz interference ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 62 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 60 Hz is identifiable by the periodic envelope that results from the fact that the display does not have adequate horizontal resolution to display the high frequency signal b Low frequency instability Low frequency instability can result from poor electrode contacts inadequate contact between gel skin electrode but it can also be caused by aged electrodes from which too much Chloride has been lost Use the one bucket test above to distinguish between the two F Positioning of A D box cables and participant 1 Follow the furniture guidelines above Avoid metal tables especially in the presence
55. erve record signal Observe the signal on the connected channels over the course of 1 2 minutes To determine whether the sy stem is measuring the same voltage across channels save the data to a file and review it in your preferred analy sis software tool C Electrode and head cap maintenance 1 Follow the current guidelines for electrode handling See the ActiveTwo User Manual for electrode handling guidelines Here are some additional su ggestions ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 59 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 a Use approved gel paste Use SignaGel Ten20 or Elefix for standard lab situations Use Lectron HI Chloride 10 Pharmaceutical Innovations if your subjects are physically active if temperature control in the lab is problematic or if for any other reason you are having problems with skin potentials We have found that this gel with higher Chloride content can help minimize drift caused by sweat and skin potentials Avoid using unapproved gel paste products b Wash electrodes immediately after use c Use warm tap water in a plastic basin for cleaning d Avoid soap Avoid using detergents as much as possible Even mild detergent will eventually facilitate the corrosion of electrode pellets and loss of Chloride from the sintered electrode tips e Avoid prolonged soaking Avoid soaking in water or other liquids especially where other metal parts are present e g electrodes sink drains etc f C
56. esive ring and attach to participant Remove the paper backing and place the electrode where you want it Note that when Y ou position the electrode you will be looking at the label side Remember that the electrode contact is at about the junction of the lead wire with the plastic housing rather than directly under the label Following the procedure outlined here should help remove any excess gel that might otherwise prevent the adhesive from sticking to the skin 5 Drape leads over the participant s shoulder After applying each flat type active electrode drape the lead over the participant s shoulder so that you do not step onthem as you move around C Connect the electrodes to the A D box Plug the electrodes that are attached to the participant into the A D box 1 Pin type electrodes ribbon cables with 68 pin D connectors The ribbon cables with 68 pin D connectors are labeled A1 32 B1 32 etc Plug these connectors into the A D box first taking care that the connector is oriented so that the label is legible to you if you are standing facing the front of the A D box Note that ribbon cable sets are available with flat type electrodes although this configuration is typically only required for dense surface EMG measurements IMPORTANT Take care to plug connectors in the correct orientation to avoid costly damage to connectors on the cables or on the A D box ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 43 Rev 6 Printed January
57. ew Software for detailed instructions on using the software ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 28 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 V ActiveTwo hardware setup A Connect the ActiveTwo components The diagram below shows how to connect the basic components of the ActiveTwo system Note that there are a wide variety of other sensors that can be used with ActiveTwo and those are not depicted here In general other sensors would be connected to the Aux 2 or 3 inputs Pin type active electrodes a N a des for EC EMG Host PC with ActiView USB 2 0 Receiver Front ST ST 62 5 er optic cable Stimulus Delivery PC 1 Dy er 1 ery Uni Y Plug into AC k CA SEA receptacle from L PTI Connect via cable n battery B Ensure that electrodes and sensors have been applied properly to participant See the section above on applying electrodes to ensure that the electrodes and sensors are properly connected to the subject C Plug the electrodes and sensors into the A D box Plug electrodes and sensors in at their designated locations See above section for details D Verify the speed mode Check the Speed Mode dial on front panel of A D box to be sure that it is set according to the requirements of the current study Refer to the ActiveT wo User M anual for detailed specifications and instructions E Turn on power Depress the power switch on the battery unit connected to the A D box
58. f a resistance CHANGE because S2 S1 is not equal to 1 R2 R1 So every point should be converted from Q to Siemens separately before calculating chan ges in Siemens ActiveTwo s GSR measurement works with a DC coupled amp same as for the EEG channels so there is no high pass time constant to worry about Any high pass filtering would be performed in software off line A low pass filter of 3 10 Hz is usually applied off line to reduce ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 23 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 interference ActiView displays the GSR with a 3 Hz low pass but the data to file are full bandwidth no filters are applied Note that the GSR sensor only works in speed modes that allow recording of sensor channels i e 4 5 6 7 and 8 Remember that if you change the speed mode you will need to turn off the power at the battery unit and turn it on again to let the internal firmware adjust itself to the new speed mode Also your ActiView CFG file must enable the use of sensors Since most systems are sold without GSR measurement capability the default configuration files that come with new versions of software contain a code that disables the sensors To edit the CFG file open it in Windows Notepad and go to the section entitled FreeChoice Look for the code AuxFree 0 If you find this change it to AuxFree 1 Remember that if you do not explicitly select a CFG file the DEFAULT CEG file in the same director
59. ff using a version of Acti View i e BETA release of ActiView 5 35B that calculates heart rate on line from EXG7 EXG8 and saves it in the Sensor channel named Ergol Strangely enou gh even with all of the fancy algorithms they incorporate EEG signal analysis tools generally do not incorporate mechanisms that can easily derive heart rate from an ECG signal Page 70 2 Artifact detection rejection and or removal ECG sometimes produces an artifact in the EEG record so it may be combined with EEG for some of the same reasons as above In fact some of the same algorithms offered in software tools for handling EOG artifacts also could be applied to ECG artifacts c EMG electromyogram EMG signals are typically recorded from a bipolar pair of electrodes placed over the muscle group of interest 1 EEG EMG time locking the EEG ERP analysis window to motor events EM SE Suite BESA g B Sanalvze and EEGLAB offer the capabilitv to insert event markers either manuallv or based on some kind of simple threshold applied to an EMG channel 2 Surface EMG no EEG When EMG is used as a dependent variable e g blink reflex EEG is not typically measured Very sophisticated analy sis algorithms do exist for EMG but bv and large EMG is analyzed using relatively simple algorithms that are available in EEG analy sis tools Two relatively special mechanisms that are often used for EMG analysis are rectification taking the absolute va
60. ged ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 78 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 5 Charge maintenance Battery will maintain a char ge for weeks months while stored at normal operating temperature Recharge stored batteries frequently to avoid deep discharge 6 Ensure power at charger source If power at source is lost while battery is connected to charger the charger forms a partially open circuit that will slowly drain the battery Leaving this situation too long can cause permanent damage If you doubt the reliability of your power source disconnect char ged batteries from the charger as soon as the Ready LED comes on 7 When to recharge Connect battery to charger after using approximately 75 of capacity 8 Battery meter See meter in ActiView for current battery state or place on char ger when Low Battery LED comes on C See also details on battery use maintenance in user manual ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 79 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XVII Troubleshooting ActiveTwo A ActiView display partial screen or blue gray screen ActiView was developed in LabVIEW and Lab VIEW tools are notoriously difficult to resize dynamically within Windows reliably Consequently BioSemi have decided to maintain a few versions of the ActiView software each operating at a fixed display resolution If the current display mode has an inadequate number of lines to display the ActiView screen you will see a display like t
61. guidelines for head cap maintenance a Wash with mild soap e g dish soap and water b Choose the mildest disinfectant that meets your needs Be aware that disinfectant products have a detrimental effect on the elastic fabric of the head cap Options range from Hy drogen Peroxide mild to Isopropyl Alcohol to surface level disinfectants such as EcoTru and Envirocide to Metricide harsh c Dry flat Dry your head caps flat on atowel to avoid stretching d Avoid heat Do not use heat to accelerate drying A cool fan will accelerate drying considerably D Participant intake procedures 1 Measure head at intake and make sure you have a head cap that fits snugly 2 Instruct participants in advance to a Minimize Nicotine and Caffeine use 2 3 hours before session to minimize muscle artifact b Arrive early especially if a long walk or stairs will be required to reach the lab c Wash their hair the morning of the session and avoid using hair products such as leave in conditioners hair gels waxes oils etc d Layer their clothing so that they can control their own body temperature in case they arrive overheated or in case the lab space is too warm or too cold for them E Electrode application and signal quality checking ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 61 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 Err on the side of too little gel rather than too much Too much gel can result in spreading and electroly
62. he other electrode and sensor cables Wrap CMS DRL around the other cables 3 5 complete turns before plugging it into the front of the A D box to help minimize magnetic interference pickup Use medical tape or Velcro cable ties to keep the cables close to one another This is an important step to ensure you measure the absolute best quality data possible b Insert the circular DIN connector at the front panel of the A D box Insert the connector taking care to position it in the correct orientation Press in and turn the plastic ring on the DIN connector until it is snug Do not over tighten as the plastic ring can break 4 Verify that the blue CM in Range LED comes on CM in Range serves more than one purpose but it must be ON to record meanin gful data ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 44 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 a CM in Range solid blue on CMS and DRL connected to participant and A D box CM in Range will not come on if the CMS and DRL electrodes are not connected to the participant if there is not adequate gel to make contact with the participant s skin and if the CMS DRL cable is not connected to the A D box b CM in Range solid blue on No faults detected CM in Range will not come on if any over current or under current state is detected at the CMS electrode Such a situation can be caused by a faulty active electrode or a connector cable serving any active electrode An over current situation theo
63. he expected range of normal operation To avoid this initial noisy period try soaking your active electrodes in salt water for 5 minutes before each recording session IMPORTANT Soaking active electrodes in any liquid for ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 82 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 longer than 5 minutes is inadvisable as moisture will penetrate the electrode pellets and accelerate corrosion loss of electrode material resulting in poor electrode performance C CM in range does not come on while a participant is connected If the CM in Range LED either fails to come on or it goes out during a recordin g session there can be more than one possible cause At the simplest level it may indicate a poor contact with the participant at the CMS DRL electrodes However there is a safety circuit designed into the ActiveT wo A D box that can be en gaged by either an over current or an over current situation detected at the CMS electrode Such situations are normally associated with faulty leads or connectors 1 Possible causes a Inadequate connection between CMS and or DRL electrode and participant s body Check to be sure that the CMS and DRL electrodes are making good contact with the participant and be sure they are plugged into the A D box b More than one CMS DRL set plugged in The last two leads on the A connector and the A ribbon cable can serve CM S DRL electrodes If you have CMS DRL connected at the front panel
64. his If the bottom of the screen is cut off or you see only a blue grav screen without any controls at left right top or bottom try changing the video display mode to accommodate the number of lines 900 1024 or 1200 required by the chosen version of ActiView 1 Changing your display mode settings in Windows To change the display mode follow these steps a Go to Control Panel Go to Start 2 Control Panel or Start gt S ettings gt Control Panel when operating in Classic Start Menu mode b Select Display In the Control Panel select Appearance gt Themes gt Display or select Display when operating in Classic Control Panel mode ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 80 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 c Set resolution In the Display dialog click the Settings tab and move the Screen Resolution slider to the right to increase the resolution to a mode that has an adequate number of display lines to support the version of ActiView you have selected The second number in the pair e g 1024 in 1280 x 1024 should be greater than or equal to 900 if you selected the laptop version 1024 if you selected a LoRes version of ActiView or greater than or equal to 1200 if you selected a HiRes version of ActiView You should not have to worry about the horizontal resolution value for LoRes or HiRes versions as long as the vertical resolution number of lines is adequate For HiRes Wide versions of ActiView you will n
65. hoose the mildest disinfectant that meets your needs Be aware that disinfectant products have a detrimental effect on the electrode contacts and the lead wire insulation Options range from Hydrogen Peroxide mild to Isopropyl Alcohol to surface level disinfectants such as EcoTru and Envirocide to M etricide harsh g Air dry the electrodes away from direct sunlight h Store the electrodes away from direct sunlight in a non metallic container separate from other metal parts i Use very soft brush if necessary but only infrequently If you notice a build up of gel or paste on the electrodes despite regular cleaning brush lightly with a very soft toothbrush to clean the surface of the electrode Do this only infrequently as the electrode contacts are soft and brushing will remove material j To balance offsets and minimize drift upon application soak electrodes in salt water for 10 minutes before use Use one teaspoon of table salt to one liter of tap water This is an especially useful procedure if you are planning to convert data to another file format with reduced precision i e 16 bit or 12 bit for analysis ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 60 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Avoid soaking too long This is an acceptable procedure to use routinely before every run but it can be helpful in maintaining low electrode offsets even if performed only after every third or fourth use of the electrodes 2 Follow these
66. iety of sensors other than the active electrodes are available for use with ActiveTwo In general a sensor consists of a transducer with some specialized electronics and one or two dedicated amp lifier converter channels installed in the A D box Sensor inputs are on the middle and right most circular DIN connector on the front panel of the A D box If there are any sensors installed in the A D box labels above the circular connectors on the front panel of the A D box will indicate what type of sensor electronics are installed at the connectors If labels above the connectors read Aux2 and or Aux3 no sensor electronics are installed on the associated connector 1 Respiration A Nihon Kohden TR 753T respiration belt is provided with a cable wired for use with one of the three available circular DIN connectors on the ActiveTwo front panel Strong reliable signals are produced because the respiration belt uses the ActiveT wo system s power supply An additional LabVIEW module is delivered with the system when a respiration belt is ordered ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 21 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 2 Skin conductance SC With this ActiveTwo accessory the conductance of the skin can be measured The SC option consists of 2 passive electrodes to induce an oscillatory signal exactly synchronized with the system s sample rate The skin conductance option is wired to one of three available circular DIN co
67. ilters are applied Note that the SC sensor only works in speed modes that allow recordin g of sensor channels i e 4 5 6 7 and 8 Remember that if you change the speed mode you will need to turn off the power at the battery unit and turn it on again to let the internal firmware adjust itself to the new speed mode Also your ActiView CFG file must enable the use of sensors Since most systems are sold without SC measurement capability the default configuration files that come with new versions of software contain a code that disables the sensors To edit the CFG file open it in Windows Notepad and go to the section entitled FreeChoice Look for the code AuxFree 0 If you find this change it to AuxFree 1 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 25 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Also since the chan ge from the 512 Hz GSR to 16 Hz SC the default channel labels for the SC couplers two couplers per A D box are possible in the ActiView software CFG files have not been modified from GSRI and GSR2 to SC1 and SC2 You may wish to make this change in your CFG files for clarity Look for the entries Auxl1 GSR1 and Aux2 GSR2 and change the labels to the right of the sign to SC1 and SC2 or SCR1 and SCR2 Remember that if you do not explicitly select a CFG file the DEFAULT CEG file in the same directory as the EXE is used Once you open the ActiView program and the CFG file you want to u
68. in front of participant visualize a line following the center hole in each of the midline electrode holders from vertex toward the front of the head If this line does not line up with the nose then rotate the cap to line up the midline electrodes with the nose h Repeat the above steps Repeat the steps above one last time to ensure vertex is at half way point between nasion inion and LPA RPA and cap is not rotated 3 Fill electrode holders with electrolyte gel a If using SignaGel If using SignaGel remove the plunger from a clean syringe and inject approximately 10 ml of gel into the syringe This is a suitable amount for about 64 channels Use less gel if you have fewer channels Replace the plunger b If using another electrolyte that does not come ina tube If using another gel that does not come in a tube decant 10 20 ml of gel into a disposable cup This helps avoid contamination of the vessel containing the electrolyte Remove the needle if you are using a Luer Lok syringe Then place the tip of the syringe into the gel in the cup and pull back on the plunger to pull approximately 10 ml gel into the syringe This is a Suitable amount for about 64 channels Use less gel if you have fewer channels If you removed the needle from the syringe replace the needle ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 38 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 c Inject gel into the first electrode holder Place the tip of the ne
69. in tissue blood volume The Plethysmograph sensor directly plugs into the front of the ActiveT wo An additional Lab VIEW module is delivered with the system when a ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Plethysmograph sensor is ordered This sensor can be ordered with a finger clip F option with a Velcro strap p option or with an ear clip see picture E option Click here for the pdf specifications of the plethvsmograp h 5 Jazz vigilance monitor The Jazz vigilance monitor system was developed by a Polish academic research group led by Prof Ober A special svnchronic version is offered for interfacing directly with the ActiveTwo The synchronic Jazz system consists of 3 building blocks 1 the head mounted eye monitor 2 transmitter with twin fiber optic connection data out sync in and 3 receiver with twin fiber optic connection and RS232 output Note that there is no head position orientation monitoring capability so Jazz cannot be used to derive point of regard from ey e position as would typically be possible with an eve tracking system unless the subject s head is immobilized The sample rate of Jazz is synchronized with the ActiveT wo sample rate via a sync connection between ActiveTwo receiver and Jazz receiver The Jazz data interfaces to the ActiveTwo host PC via the RS 232 port The ActiView acquisition software combines the ActiveT wo data via USB2
70. ipment Here we reproduce for y our convenience a set of General Principles on the topic published on the CDC website at http 0 www cdc gov milll sjlibrary org ncidod dhqp bp_ sterilization medDevices html Sterilization or Disinfection of Medical Devices The following principles are applicable to most questions CDC receives about sterilization or disinfection of patient care equipment However these statements are not comprehensive General Principles 1 In general reusable medical devices or patient care equipment that enters normally sterile tissue or the vascular system or through which blood flows should be sterilized before each use Sterilization means the use of a physical or chemical procedure to destroy all microbial life including highly resistant bacterial endospores The major sterilizing agents used in hospitals are a moist heat by steam autoclaving b ethylene oxide gas and c dry heat However there are a variety of chemical germicides sterilants that have been used for purposes of reprocessing reusable heat sensitive medical devices and appear to be effective when used appropriately i e according to manufacturer s instructions These chemicals are rarely used for sterilization but appear to be effective for high level disinfection of medical devices that come into contact with mucous membranes during use e g flexible fiberoptic endoscopes 2 Disinfection means the use of a chemical procedure that elimina
71. itioned The location of DRL is not particularly important it just needs to be on the body For convenience position DRL within about 3 inches of CMS The location of CMS is theoretically important since it is effectively the common If possible position CMS near the middle ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 42 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 of the electrode array If the density of the electrode array does not permit this then position CMS as close to the electrode array as possible IMPORTANT Be careful to avoid positioning CMS and DRL too close to other electrodes An electrolyte bridge short between any active electrode and DRL will result in very high noise in the signal measured from the active electrode An electrolyte bridge between any active electrode and CMS will result in a flat line no voltage can be measured between two shorted contacts 1 Peel the adhesive electrode ring off of its paper backing 2 Apply the ring to the plastic electrode housing Take care to position the opening in the ring around the electrode pellet Note that the pellet is closer to the electrode ring than you might expect and it is NOT directly opposite the electrode label 3 Apply gel to electrode contact After sticking the ring to the electrode and before removing the protective paper cover apply asmall amount of conductive electrolyte gel to the electrode pellet 4 Then remove the paper backing from the adh
72. iveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 58 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 a Fill two vessels with salt water Fill two glass or plastic bowls or buckets with tap water and add a teaspoon of table salt NaCl to each b Assemble Active Two and turn on power Make sure that the ActiveT wo hardware is assembled correctly the power to the system is on and the ActiView software is up and running c Connect CMS DRL to the A D box and submerge the CMS and DRL electrodes in the water of one vessel d Connect all of the active electrodes to the system and submerge them in the salt water of the same vessel e Perform the one buck et test as described above f Remove the active electrodes from the first vessel and submerge them in the second vessel separate from CMS DRL g Set Channels left panel of ActiView monopolar display tab to display only the used channels set the Scale upper left corner to 100 uV div set Reference left panel lower to None Raw h Use Ag AgCl electrodes to conduct signal Use Ag AgCl electrodes to connect a signal generator to the test rig Place the electrode carrying the signal generator Common black to the vessel containing CM S DRL and place the electrode containing the signal red to the vessel containing the active electrodes IMPORTANT do not use electrodes or other objects made of other metals to conduct signals into the salt water Electrode corrosion or oxidation can result i Obs
73. lean before allowing to dry Do not let the electrodes dry without being cleaned first When the electrodes dry up covered with gel salt minerals the cleanin g process will be harder and takes more time makin g your electrodes become polluted and or corroded sooner D Storage Modifications Splitting of the flat cable 1 Avoid contact with metal Do not store the electrodes in a metal box In gcneral prevent the electrode tips from touching any metal objects because this causes pollution of the Ag A gC1 pellets with strange metal particles increasing noise ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 75 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 2 Avoid light Exposure of the Ag A gCl electrode tip to light also causes deterioration Keep out of direct sunlight or other bright sources of light when the electrodes are not being used 3 Avoid airtight storage containers Do not store the electrodes in an airtight container Best storage method is to wrap the electrodes in a paper towel and place them in a cardboard box or to hang them freely in a dark place 4 Do not split cables The electrodes are not intended to be modified by the customer Especially splitting the flat cable further may lead to a non repairable malfunction and void Y our warranty l If you have a request for different splitting of an electrode set contact BioSemi or its local representative E Malfunctions 1 If an electrode is not operating as specified please d
74. lter Pipeline Moreover EMSE now analyzes the characteristics of the data file e g number of channels and assuming you are using one of the standard BioSemi electrode layouts EM SE loads a suitable default electrode position data file Probe 2 Applying a reference in EMSE Data Editor a Load the data in EMSE Data Editor b Select the reference to use and create ERP averages Assuming you stored signals from the channels you want to use as the reference e g earlobes recorded with EXG1 and EXG2 you can apply a reference using filter pipeline gt montage and create averages c To change the reference If you want to change the reference start by reloading the raw data file right click on the node for the raw data in the workspace and select Load apply a different reference filter pipeline gt montage and recompute averages ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 67 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XII Measuring phvsiological signals other than EEG A Apply any additional sensors ActiveTwo supports a variety of other sensors for measuring physiological and non physiological signals A relatively current list is maintained in the Accessories section under ActiveTwo on the Cortech Solutions web site www cortechsolutions com New sensor options are periodically added so the latest sensor options may take a few weeks to make it onto the web site If you need a sensor that was not provided with your sy stem or tha
75. lue of the signal and smoothing EMSE Suite BESA g BSanalvze and EEGLAB all offer these capabilities and more 2 Signals measured with specialized sensors a Skin conductance SC ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 1 Some overlap in methodology with EEG analysis EM SE Suite BESA g B Sanaly ze and EEGLAB can be used to average event related GSR signals and to some degree these tools can also be used to make measurements of signal amplitude and latency on a trial by trial basis 2 Not well standardized The methods used to analyze GSR signals are not as well standardized as those used for the other types of signals we discuss here Consequently there seem to be a wide variety of analysis methods in use in the literature 3 Not handled all that well by EEG analysis tools Some commonly used analysis methods for SC signals e g counting turns are not implemented in EEG analysis tools Page 71 b Respiration Analy sis of respiration signals is similar in many respects to the analy sis of ECG signals Respiration would most often be monitored alone as a dependent variable or with EEG for trial selection rejection or categorization For this purpose one may be better off using a version of ActiView that calculates respiration rate on line and saves it in a special Sensor channel Strangely enough even with all of the fancy algorithms they incorporate EEG signal analysis tools gene
76. n the participant room to make the environment comfortable for the participant You will get better data from a comfortable participant 6 Furniture ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 56 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 In general avoid furniture with metal frames or surfaces in favor of wood or plastic Metal framed tables are especially problematic Metal framed chairs are generally OK as long as they are upholstered and have minimal exposed metal a Chair for participant A comfortable low back chair is recommended for studies in which the participant will sit upright viewing a display or listening to sounds A comfortable procedure chair with localized neck supp ort e g a dentist s chair has advantages for supine participant positioning over a standard upholstered recliner since a standard recliner places support behind the head placing pressure on the electrodes rather than behind the neck away from the electrodes b Desk or table for equipment in participant area A wood or plastic table or computer stand is recommended for use inside the participant room Avoid furniture with metal surfaces or metal frames in the participant area since metal can inductively couple interference from monitor power supplies and other powered devices in the participant room to the participant if the participant comes into contact with the metal surface or frame c Small cart for supplies used in preparing the participant A small wood or
77. nen nnn nenen nenen 43 4 Then remove the paper backing from the adhesive ring and attach to participant 43 5 Drape leads over the participant s Shoulder sese 43 C Connect the electrodes to the A D box sss 43 1 Pin type electrodes ribbon cables with 68 pin D connectors eee 43 2 Flat type electrodes individual leads two lead cable with key shaped connectors 44 3 CMS DRL set with circular DIN connector Important keep leads together 44 4 Verify that the blue CM in Range LED COMES ON eee sees 44 D App any additional sensors iuris keta nen 45 L SKin conductance SC ssiri ib akk iba ab 45 2 SIRES OTANI TTT 47 A AOU T 48 4s Plethysm srap TT 48 5 Other l i aaa E e E EO ENa 48 VII Operating the Acti View software sees eee eee 49 As Statt ACVIEW a a Sa 49 B Select a configuration CFG le eee eee 49 1 Ifyou want to ensure that a particular CFG file is loaded on startup sss sese sees 49 2 To force the operator to select a CFG file on startup seen enza 49 3 To load a CFG file manually follow these Sten sss sese eee eee eee eee 50 C Verify the equipment is properly connected esseseeesseseesesstssriesersrtsrersteserstsreesressrssresss 50 D Turn on the A D box power and verify the contacts at CMS and DRILL 50 E Verify the Decimation Ratio and Screen Length settings ee eee ee eee eee eee eee 50 F Click on Start to display data 51 G Select Electrode Offset to check electr
78. nnectors on the ActiveT wo front panel Because the skin conductance accessory uses lock in detection the stimulus current can be as low as 1uA The low current and synchronized oscillator ensure that the biopotential measurements EEG EMG or ECG are not corrupted by the skin conductance oscillator signal In models produced before mid 2005 these couplers were configured to measure skin resistance or galvanic skin response GSR ActiView software version 5 35 or later automatically identifies whether the ActiveTwo system has a 16 Hz or 512 Hz coupler To check which model you have setup the ActiveTwo system and start the ActiView software to view incoming data for a few seconds Then select the Auxiliary Sensors tab and check the GSR units indicator in the left sidebar e unit Ohm means a 512 Hz GSR coupler is installed e unit nanoSiemens means a 16 Hz skin conductance coupler is installed The version of coupler installed can also be checked by identifying the phy sical dimension of the GSR channel in the header of the BDF file field 13 of the header see http www biosemi com fag file_format htm The GSR signal itself is the result of processing in ActiView and only reflects slow impedance conductance variations The original excitation frequency is not present in the signal In other words FTT or any other analy sis of the GSR signal stored in the BDF file will not reveal the underly ing 16 or 51
79. ntended to fit a four centimeter range of head circumferences so the tightness of fit will vary depending on whether y our participant falls near the upper or lower end of the range for a given cap ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 36 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 b Measure nasion inion distance before applying head cap and divide this distance by two Measure the distance from nasion to inion and divide by two to determine the proper location of the Vertex electrode in 10 20 or 10 5 terminology the Vertex is referred to as Cz Remember this measurement c If participant has long hair fix mastoid or earlobe electrodes before putting on the head cap Hair long enou gh to cover the mastoids or earlobes will make it difficult to impossible to fix mastoid or earlobe electrodes after putting on the cap so fix at least these flat type electrodes before putting on the head cap Note that it is also advisable for a subject with long hair to let their hair down and distribute it evenly around the back and sides of the head to minimize the barrier it can form preventing electrolyte gel from contacting the scalp Follow the steps under Apply flat type active electrodes below to apply these electrodes d Put the cap on the participant s head Standin g behind the participant 1 place the frontal electrode holders on the forehead takin g care not to let them slip over the participants eyes and 2 stretch the cap back over
80. o the following a Soak in salt water Soak the electrodes in water with some salt added approx one small teaspoon per liter use a non metal bowl 1 If this causes the blue led to turn off then the electrode set is in need of repair return to dealer manufacturer 2 If you experience noise then please follow up the directions below concerning noisy electrodes 3 Noisy electrodes also read Life span Noisy electrodes generally mean that your electrodes have reached its end of life You can extend the life a little bit by placing the electrodes in salt water for about an hour before you start your measurement This soaking process often removes noise A last remedy is to use a grain 600 or higher waterproof abrasive paper to polish the electrode tip Use very soft circular movements preferably no more than 2 3 times on the same area removing an even very thin layer across the entire surface F Life span Life expectancy Ag AgCI sintered electrodes have a limited life span This is caused by several processes ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 76 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 such as corrosion the dissolving of the Chloride in the pellets and the wearing of the pellet during the cleaning process After approximately 200 measurements the color of the pellets will change from gray brown silver chloride to silver due to the disappearing of the chloride The A gCl slowly dissolves in gel and water during
81. ode contacts sss seene 51 1 Which electrode contacts are responsible for high electrode offsets 51 2 Assuming electrodes are connected to the subject what does Electrode Offset i o 51 3 Verify low stable offsets across channels sss 51 4 If offsets are all at the maximum level CMS DRL eee 51 5 If offsets only at certain channels are at the maximum level ne 52 H Select Monopolar Display tab to view incomin g signals sees ee ee eee eee eee 52 1 Settings to use in checking electrode contacts sss seene 52 2 1 9 the sipnadls all look TE bi bits a d t 52 3 Ifyou see unstable signals even though the Electrode Offsets are low and stable 53 I Record s TTT 53 li are A File gr tt 53 2 Designate which groups of channels you want to save to the file mn 53 3 Seta path and file name for saving data sss eee 54 4 IMPORTANT ActiView is still Paused sss 54 IX Best practices for making good EEG measurements sss sees sees eee eee eee eee 55 ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page v Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 A Optimizing the laboratory environments sese sees sese eee eee eee eee eee 55 L Ample roM l sia 55 2 Separate rooms for participant and experimenter esser eee eee ee eee eee eee 55 3 BUMS LE TOOM incuna i A A S 55 Ae ToS e ert A E a 56 5e VOT MOU storture u ee iena eaaa E Ea EAEE E EEE ESENES Ee 56 O FUMON osise teea iesnas i asne verdad REE ES EEE EEE S E aE ERRE 56 B Regular testing with the one bu
82. of other electrical equipment 2 Position A D box as close as practically possible to participant Although impractical the electrical ideal is for the A D box to be on the participant s lap Keep the two as close together as possible 3 Keep the active electrode leads close together along the length of the run from participant to A D box It is particularly important to keep each lead near the CM S DRL lead but it is also useful to keep each lead close to its reference lead Use Velcro cable ties or tape to keep leads together 4 Wrap CMS DRL around the other leads 3 5 times to minimize the loop pickup area The distance between CM S DRL and the other leads is proportional to the degree of susceptibility to magnetic interference pickup this is the kind of interference usually associated with large magnets or electric motors that aMu metal enclosure would eliminate Keeping the leads close to gether makes the system optimally resistant to picking up this kind of interference 5 Keep power cables power supplies and cables carrying other high4evel signals away from the participant Power cords power strips video audio cables and AC DC converters are examples of potential sources of interference to be aware of ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 63 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 X Triggering for event related potentials The best method for triggering ActiveT wo depends to some degree upon the type of stimulus appar
83. off click on the green with the green highlight in the center below each filter title to chan ge its state to gray or off 2 If the signals all look fine You may find that all of the signals look perfectly reasonable at this point If so then you should proceed to Recording Data below ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 52 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 3 If you see unstable signals even though the Electrode Offsets are low and stable After verify ing low stable electrode offsets you may find a few channels on the Monopolar Display tab show high 60 Hz noise or low frequency interference unstable baseline If this occurs follow these steps a Remove the active electrode at the offending site b Insert the syringe tip and touch the scalp c Gently rock the syringe back and forth 2 3 times to part the hair d Apply more gel but only if If no gel is visible at this site or you think you may not have applied gel here durin g preparation then apply more gel Be careful to avoid using too much gel because this can result in electrolyte bridges between two active electrodes or between an active electrode and CMS or DRL e Repeat the above steps until satisfactory signals are achieved from all active electrodes f If you still have noisy channels after trying everything If you find that certain channels do not respond to your efforts to eliminate 60 Hz noise or unstable baseline see the section on Troublesh
84. often go to great lengths to build a shielded room with special electrically quiet lighting but they forget about ventilation and temperature control Have your lab space designed with more ventilation and range of temperature control than you would expect to need especially if you have an electrically shielded room and or are using low voltage halo gen lighting ii Use a fan to move air through the room If you do not have control over heatin g and cooling systems then use a simple electric fan to increase air flow around the participant Keep the fan as far as is practical from the subject and make sure that you follow the recommendations below for twisting the CMS DRL electrode leads around the leads of the active electrodes to minimize pickup of magnetic noise associated with the fan s electric motor ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 40 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 iii Ask your participants to layer their clothing Suggest that participants wear a short sleeve shirt with a sweat shirt or sweater so that they can remove a layer if they get too warm Warm participants will produce spontaneous skin potentials that will require high pass filtering to remove iv Use an electrolyte gel with higher salt content SignaGel contains no Chloride To minimize susceptibility to skin potential artifact especially that associated with physical exertion by the subject during the recordin g session use an electr
85. olyte gel containing Chloride Lectron III Chloride 10 is a good choice Do not use Abralyt or Quik Gel as these products contain other undesirable ingredients e Fill the remaining electrode holders with gel This is the second most time consuming step of applying an electrode head cap It is important to use only enough gel in each site and it is important totry to fill each holder but practice this procedure to minimize the time it takes to fill all of the holders f Insert the pin type active electrodes into the head cap Drape a ribbon cable containin g pin type electrode holders around y our neck and over your shoulders Observe that pin 1 and channel 1 are on the side of the ribbon cable with the red line Take a group of four or eight electrodes at one or the other end of the cable in one hand being careful to control the others so that they do hit the participant in the eye ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 41 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 g Drape ribbon cables over the participant s shoulder After apply ing each pin type active electrode set drape the ribbon cable over the participant s shoulder so that you do not step onthem as you move around h Insert CMS and DRL electrodes On newer systems CMS and DRL are on a special lead with a circular DIN connector that fits in to the left most circular jack on the front panel of the A D box On older systems CMD and DRL are included
86. om the BioSemi web site then browse to the folder in which you placed the LVRunTimeEng exe 2 Double click LVRunTimeEng exe The LVRTE installation will begin 3 Click through the installation using all default settings E Copy the ActiView application to a local folder 1 Create a new folder under Program Files Create a folder for the selected version of ActiView lt DriveLetter gt Program Files ActiView lt VersionNumber_Resolution gt where lt DriveLetter gt is the letter of the drive that contains y our existing Program Files folder and lt VersionNumber_Resolution gt is the version number of the ActiView software and resolution e g LoRes Assuming multiple versions of ActiView that you want to use rely upon the same version of the LVRTE http www biosemi com download_actiview htm you can have multiple versions of ActiView installed on the PC at once ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 34 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 2 If you downloaded ActiView If you downloaded the ActiView application it will be contained in a ZIP archive file from which you will need to extract the application and associated files Place the extracted files in the folder you created in step 1 above 3 If you are installing from the CD If you are installing ActiView from a BioSemi CD then select a version of ActiView that will be compatible with the highest resolution display mode that you
87. on setting the speed mode Before setting the speed mode first identify if your A D box is model Mk1 or Mk2 To do so see the About ActiView tab page in the ActiView software where the model will be identified after the software has communicated with the system at least once since boot The rotary switch can be used to select 8 different speedmodes for the A D box speed mode 9 is reserved for use as Analog Input Box Use a small screwdriver to rotate the switch to the preferred number according to the table below After changing the speed mode switch the A D box off and on again to reset the ADCs Changing the speed mode having the power connected is not harmful to the electronic circuitry but the synchronization between channels may be lost SpeedMode R A D box MK A D box Mk2 PIN TP PIN TP Sen Sensors ch ch Sors No Multi box use In speedmode 0 3 the 4096 A D boxes work as up chained boxes each with a maximum of 128 8 channels 2kHz The speedmode switch box number 0 B0ox1 1 Box2 2 Box3 3 Box4 Daisy chain possibilities are not included in the stem No No Ye Ye Ye Ye S S S S Note When an auxiliarv analog input box AIB is connected the A D box should alwavs be on SpeedM ode 4 The acquisition software adjusts automatically to the selected speed mode check the indicator in the about ActiView tab page You should close and restart the ActiView software after chan ging
88. onnect the SC electrode leads at the circular DIN connector marked GSR on the front panel of the A D unit Ifyou are not also recording EEG then position flat type CMS and DRL electrodes on the back of the hand about 2 inches apart Be sure that the CM in Range light comes one when the CMS and DRL electrodes are connected and the A D box power is on Skin on the arms and hands tends to be dryer than elsewhere on the body and may require some preparation moistening with water or electrolyte gel for adequate conductivity to be achieved If CM in Range comes on no further skin preparation for CMS DRL or for the SC electrode sites should be necessary 5 Adaptation period Reliable recording requires an adaptation period of at least 10 minutes 15 20 minutes is recommended for research in which within session change in skin conductance level is an important variable This period allows equilibration of hydration and sodium at the interface between the subject s skin and the electrode paste 2 Respiration The ActiveTwo respiration sensor is a Nihon Kohden TR 753T respiration belt Two channels on the ActiveTwo are modified in order to provide a bipolar signal Strong reliable signals are available because the respiration belt uses the power supply from the ActiveTwo system The respiration belt directly plugs into the front of the ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 47 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 ActiveT wo 3 Temperature
89. onnectors into system in the wrong orientation Attempting to force connectors into the system in the wrong orientation can damage input connectors on the A D box necessitating costly and time consuming repairs ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 3 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 H Do not use alligator clips or other metal conductors to connect signal inputs to the active electrodes Connecting alligator clips or other metal conductors to the active electrodes will result in corrosion and it will most likely result in permanent damage to the active electrodes Use the one and two bucket methods described in the Troubleshooting section to short inputs or to conduct signals to the system inputs ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 4 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 IV Components and accessories of the system Starting at the participant and working in the logical direction of the host PC A Consumable supplies 1 Electrolytes for use with active electrodes a SignaGel by Parker Laboratories Inc SignalGel is the recommended electrolyte for most applications As apolymer it remains conductive for hours The product has been designed manufactured and packaged under the strictest conditions resulting in consistent quality and safety as well as a long shelf life b Others you might consider using 1 Electro Gel Electro Cap International Inc 2 Lectron III Chloride 10 Pharmaceutical Innovations Inc
90. oon of table salt NaCl b Make sure that the Active Two hardware is assembled correctly the power to the system is on and the ActiView software is up and running c Connect CMS DRL to the A D box and submerge the CMS and DRL electrodes in the water d Connect only the offending electrode s to the system and submerge it in the salt water e Observe the CM in Range light If it goes out then see the section CM in Range does not come on below f Set Channels left panel of ActiView monopolar display tab to display only the offending channel s set the Scale upper left corner to 100 uV div set Reference left panel lower to None Raw g Observe the signal on the offending channel over the course of 5 minutes longer only in extreme cases It may be helpful to save the data Save only the monopolar displayed channels so that you can send it to your support contact for advice or assistance 1 If the signal starts out relatively flat and becomes noisy over time This is a sign that the electrode pellet may have lost some of its Chloride This is a sign that it is nearing the end of its useful life 2 If the signal starts out noisy but becomes quiet over the course of 3 5 minutes This is most likely a sign that the electrodes started out dry and it took a few minutes for the moisture to penetrate the hard electrode material 3 5 minutes of slightly noisy signals when starting out with dry electrodes is within t
91. ooting below for assistance L Record data 1 Click Start File Start File is at the lower right side of the Monopolar Display page and it is available only while viewing data see above 2 Designate which groups of channels you want to save to the file A dialo g box will come up asking you to designate which channels ActiView should save a Predefined channel groups Use the drop down menu to select a predefined group of channels or to choose to save the channels that currently are being displayed M onopolar Displayed Channels ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 53 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 b Additional channels EXG channels sensors AIB channels Use the selector buttons to indicate whether to save the eight EXG channels the displayed sensors use the list on the sensors tab to change which ones are displayed before starting the Save File process AIB channels etc 3 Seta path and file name for saving data If the path specified in the current CFG file exists then a Windows file dialo g will come up allowing you to choose a path and file name for the saved data If the path in the CFG file does not exist then an error message will come up Click out of the error message and use the Windows file dialo g to choose create a folder in which to save the data file After your session is finished you may want to save the CFG file to ensure the newly selected path is active the next time this CFG file is use
92. ot be seen until you return to the Monopolar Display tab upper left and click Start to start viewing the incomin g data Note in particular that the Channel labels will not update until after the Start button has been pressed Other parameters such as Sample Rate and Bandwidth which depend on the current setting of the Speed Mode dial on the front of the A D box will not be updated unless the program has communicated at least once with the A D box either before or after the CFG was loaded C Verify the equipment is properly connected See ActiveTwo hardware setup for guidelines on connecting the equipment D Turn on the A D box power and verify the contacts at CMS and DRL Once the equipment is connected depress the power switch on the battery unit connected to the A D box and follow the instructions under Electrode Offset below to verify that the CM S DRL electrodes are properly connected to the subject and that there are no other problems that would prevent you from recording meanin gful data E Verify the Decimation Ratio and Screen Length settings Decimation Ratio and Screen Length are the two main parameters you will need to verify before clicking Start below These two parameters cannot be adjusted while data are bein g display ed ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 50 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 F Click on Start to display data Start will display the incoming signals in the ActiView screen Regardless of how good o
93. overfill the electrode use the side of a toothpick to grade off the excess paste 3 Select a location and affix electrodes Press the electrode in place on the subject with the lead wire running in an appropriate direction Be careful not to move the electrode after contact with the skin Press firmly on the electrode to be sure that it adheres tightly tothe skin Use paper tape to hold the electrodes in place The double sided adhesive rin gs pictured below are an option but tape usually works best with paste electrolytes a Option I standard placement Affix the electrodes to the volar palmer surface of the distal phalanges the fingerprint region of the left hand Run the leads down the fingers ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 toward the palm and wrap a loop of paper tape around the lead and medial phalan ge of each finger to relieve stress on the electrode Further secure each electrode with a loop of paper tape around the fingertip b Option 2 alternative placement If the subject has cuts or callouses on his her fingertips or if he she has slender fin gers that make it difficult to secure electrodes to the fingertips opt instead for the thenar and hypothenar eminences of the subject s left hand Place the electrodes so that the leads travel toward the wrist and secure them at that point with a strip of paper tape 4 Connect electrodes to A D box C
94. p gently Do not pull out the electrodes at the flat cable grab the electrodes at the casing 5 Keep connector dry Do not let water or gel enter the connector B Handling 1 Remove electrodes from cap and connector from A D box gently Do not use force on the cable or pull the electrodes at the ribbon cable when removing the electrode out of the head cap or the connector out of the A D box 2 Remove from cap gently Grab the electrodes at the casing and then pull them softly out of the head cap 3 Connector ejectors The A D box has ejectors on the top for easy removal of the connector Always make sure to use them 4 Keep connector clean and dry Keep the connector clear of water gel When a connector is polluted with gel or salt water it should be rinsed with distilled water followed by a rinse with alcohol ethanol and finally the connector should be allowed to dry completely before putting into operation again 5 Minimizing electrode drift After applying the electrodes it takes some time before the chemical reactions in ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 74 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 the electrode gel skin interface reach a stable equilibrium It will typically take approximately 5 minutes before baseline drift and noise have settled completely Quicker settling of the electrode noise to a low level can be achieved by placing the electrodes in water approximately 5 10 minutes before the measurement is s
95. port and Jazz data via RS 232 port 6 Active strain gage BioSemi can equip your force transducer with a miniature 15x30mm precision strain gage amplifier This makes your strain gage active The output signal is processed by the ActiveTwo A D box just like any other active sensor The advantages are that all influences of the connection cable are completely eliminated there is no cable interference and there is no temperature drift The Active strain gage contains a low noise low power zero drift chopper stabilized differential amplifier The power supply is from the ActiveTwo A D box 16mA total bridge current The modification to the Active strain gage can be performed for quarter half and full bridge strain gage configurations The supplied LabVIEW module automatically zeros the bridge and amplifier offset on startup No further hardware trimming is necessary The photo shows a precision force measurement for finger pressure the amplifier is sealed in resin on the left side of the ergometer Note that the Active strain gage needs 2 extra channels ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 27 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 7 Microphone Microphone to record audio stimuli and responses A highly effective built in spherical filter minimizes wind and breath pop noise Connects directly tothe standard BioSemi ActiveT wo Ergo input on the A D box 8 Dual response switch Response switches for direct connection to
96. r bad the signals look in this view we recommend that you visit the Electrode Offset tab see below to check the stability of the electrode contacts G Select Electrode Offset to check electrode contacts The Electrode Offset tab displays a running average of the voltage measured between CMS and each active electrode This value is not convertible to impedance and it should not be considered the functional equivalent of impedance Relatively low stable electrode offset is a necessary but not sufficient condition for measuring good quality physiological signals from active electrodes 1 Which electrode contacts are responsible for high electrode offsets a CMS DRL not connected Offset values exceeding the input range of the A D converter 262 mV across all channels suggest that the CMS DRL connection is not intact b CMS DRL OK but certain active electrodes not connected Offset values exceeding the input range of the A D converter at fewer than the total number of channels suggest that the CMS DRL connection IS intact but contacts at the measurement sites active electrodes ARE NOT intact 2 Assuming electrodes are connected to the subject what does Electrode Offset measure Electrode offset reflects the half cell potential of the electrode gel skin interface Differences in offset are mainly attributable to the attachment of stray ions at electrode tips oxidation or the loss of ions from the tip corrosion If you tak
97. r computer can comfortably display WSXGA 1440x900 SXGA 1280 x 1024 LoRes UXGA 1600 x 1200 HiRes and WUXGA 1920 x 1200 Wide Place all of the files associated with the chosen version of ActiView in the folder you created in step 1 above 4 Check the filesin the ActiView folder The ActiView folder should contain the following files Name Size Type Date Modified configuring File Folder 10 28 2006 11 54 4M O Sourcecode File Folder 10 28 2006 11 54 AM E Actiview600 Wide aliases 1KB ALIASES File 7 6 2006 5 23 PM BB Actiview600 Wide exe 1 349 KB Application 7 6 2006 5 23 PM T Actiview6o0 Wide ini 3KB Configuration Settings 7 6 2006 5 23 PM Ga Default cfg 7 KB Microsoft Office Outlook 7 6 2006 5 59 PM a Labview DLL dil 48KB Application Extension 7 24 2003 11 24 AM a lvanlys dll 824KB Application Extension 10 6 2005 1 14 AM 3 Ivinput dil 52KB Application Extension 2 26 2005 10 55 AM S Readme txt 3KB Text Document 4 29 2004 12 17 PM Z WhatsNew_600 txt 11KB Text Document 7 6 2006 5 11 PM Exact names for the EXE INI and LLB files will differ depending upon which version of ActiView you chose in the step above Note that the CFG files will be recognized as Microsoft Office Outlook configuration files if you have Microsoft Outlook installed Note also that beginning with version 6 00 CFG files with channel label schemes matching the 1020 head caps are located in the folder named Configuring 5 Create
98. rally do not incorporate mechanisms that can easily derive respiration rate from a respiration signal We hope to have a BETA release of ActiView in the coming months with the capability to calculate respiration rate on line c Temperature Only a few customers are using our temperature sensor but generally they seem to be interested in sleep and circadian rhythms In combination with EEG temperature would most likely be used for segment selection rejection or categorization This could be accomplished in EM SE Suite BESA g BSanaly ze and EEGLAB d Plethysmograph Although the signal looks entirely different the Pleth signal would be used for the same primary purpose as ECG derivation of heart rate for selection rejection cate gorization of data segments or trials ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 72 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XIV Basic file reading and analysis steps for EEG ERP in EEGLAB A Start MATLAB and EEGLAB B Select File simport data gt From BioSemi BDF File using BIOSIG C Browse to the file and double click on it D ImportBDF dialog A dialo g box will appear asking you to specify some characteristics of the data file Import BDF file pop_readbdf L BR Data block range to read default all 1 60 Event channel number s defautt none 1 17 If Biosemi data reference chanz number s 1 Reading only part of the file If you want to read only part of the dat
99. re excellent quality signals The ActiveTwo system has very high input impedance so it is very tolerant of high impedance contacts at the skin For the most part skin impedance levels and differences in skin impedance are not important factors in signal quality measured with ActiveTwo There are two main exceptions to consider a Very high impedance contacts There is a relatively narrow range very unlikely and occurs very infrequently of possible skin impedance levels at which ActiveT wo will exhibit higher input noise e g 60 Hz common mode interference or instability e g low frequency drift so it is sometimes necessary to touch up contacts at one or two sites to address noisy signals ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 39 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 b Skin potentials Be aware that no bio amplifier system including ActiveT wo can distinguish between local variations in skin potential and local variations in very low frequency potentials resulting from brain activity Below is a sample of the low frequency artifact associated with skin potentials and sweat to assist in recognizing this phenomenon We recommend designing y our experiment and your experimental procedure to minimize the possibility that skin potentials will corrupt your EEG measurements Here are some suggestions for minimizing skin potentials i Design your lab space with adequate ventilation Surprisingly enou gh people
100. rectory in which the ActiView executable EXE file you are using is located will be loaded automatically when ActiView is started 1 If you want to ensure that a particular CFG file is loaded on startup Rename the old DEFAULT CFG to OLD DEFAULT CEG and save your desired configuration file as DEFAULT CFG 2 To force the operator to selecta CFG file on startup Delete or rename DEFAULT CFG and do not replace it When ActiView goes to find DEFA ULT CEG it will bring up a Windows File Open dialog box and ask the operator to select a CFG file If you have a busy lab with multiple ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 49 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 experiments being conducted with the same equipment it is advisable to use this strategy to ensure that the operator chooses the right CFG file to the degree that the operator is aware of which CFG his experiment requires 3 To load a CFG file manually follow these steps a Select About ActiView This tab can be found at the upper right side of the ActiView screen b Select Load Config This button can be found at the top of the left hand panel A Windows file dialo g will appear showing the contents of the current directory The current directory will be the directory in which the ActiView program EXE exists c Select a configuration CFG file and click OK When the ActiView screen returns the new settings will have been loaded but their effect may n
101. retically could be caused by current flowin g via a leaky ground of another device the subject is in contact with but you would have to be extremely unlucky to encounter this circumstance D Apply any additional sensors ActiveT wo supports a variety of other sensors for measuring physiological and non physiological signals A current list is maintained in the Accessories section under ActiveT wo on the Cortech Solutions web site www cortechsolutions com New sensor options are periodically added so check the web site if you have not looked at it recently If you need a sensor that was not provided with y our system or that you do not find in the Accessories listing under ActiveTwo on our web site please contact us 1 Skin conductance SC Measuring SC is more complicated than measuring signals with some of the other sensors available for use with ActiveT wo so we have provided some specific procedural recommendations a Preparation 1 Start with clean electrodes Tarnish on the electrodes may affect the baseline resistance readin g but it will not affect the ability of the system to measure chan ges in skin conductance 2 Wash your hands Always wash your hands with soap and water before applying electrodes to someone else If you have any breaks in the skin of your hands or any weeping rashes or lesions wear examination gloves 3 Wash the participant s hands Always have the participant wash his her hands wi
102. rial number aids our record keeping and trackin g of manufacturin g issues according to manufacture date batch Please do not remove it 2 Flat type electrodes with individual leads connectors a Standard applications EOG ECG EMG and EKG reference The flat type active electrodes were designed specifically for use on bare skin for measuring EOG ECG EMG or EEG at mastoids earlobes nose nape of the neck etc In these applications you should use the double sided adhesive electrode rings to adhere the electrodes to the skin Peel the adhesive electrode ring off of its paper backing apply the ring to the plastic electrode housin g taking care to position the opening in the ring around the electrode pellet note that the pellet is closer to the electrode ring than you might expect and it is not directly opposite the electrode label After sticking the ring to the electrode and before removing the protective paper cover apply a small amount of conductive electrolyte gel to the electrode pellet Then remove the paper backing from the adhesive ring Following this procedure should help remove any excess gel that might otherwise prevent the adhesive from sticking to the skin Some cleaning of the skin with an alcohol prep pad may be required in case of excessive makeup sweat or dry skin i ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 12 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 b Other applications EEG To record EEG from the scalp you can us
103. riety of other phy siological and non phy siological signals A ActiveTwo is typically used with at least a few non EEG signals The majority of our customers use ActiveTwo to record EEG along with a few other types of signals How many other signals are recorded varies widely as do the signal processing requirements for these non EEG physiological and non phy siological signals B ActiveTwo ActiView file format BDF The ActiView data files are stored in a format know as BDF which is an open documented file format pattered after the European Data Format EDF supported by so many signal analysis software tools C EDF vs BDF In fact the only substantive difference between BDF and EDF files is the fact that the EDF data files have 16 bits per data sample and the BDF data files have 24 bits per data sample D Which signal analysis tools read BDF files The BDF file format is supported by a wide variety of signal analysis software tools includin g 1 EMSE Suite 2 BESA 3 g BSanalvze 4 EEGLAB 5 BIOSIG E Which ones are designed for analvsis of non EEG signals7 Of these tools g BSanalvze and BIOSIG include the widest variety of non EEG analysis techniques EMSE Suite BESA and EEGLAB are mainly EEG oriented but there is a great deal of overlap between the techniques used for EEG and those you might want to use for other signals ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 69 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 F Sign
104. se is active click over to the sensors page to be sure that the SC1 and or SC2 sensors are selected for display When you click Start File be sure to enable saving of sensor signals by selecting the option to Save displayed sensors Note that the CMS and DRL electrodes must be attached to the subject and connected to the system and the blue CM in range light must be on for GSR measurement to work properly Also the green GSR in ran ge lights should be on when GSR electrodes make adequately low impedance contacts with the subject Note that the green GSR lights always remain off if the blue CM light is off GSR can only be measured with the blue CM light and the green GSR lights glowin g Finally if the GSR signal looks flat after you have made all of the other settings it may be that you need to increase the scale of the GSR signal on the display There is a scale tool at the left side of the Sensors display pag 3 Temperature With this high precision temperature sensor from HP Agilent 21078A skin temperatures can be measured The temperature sensor directly plugs into one of the three available circular DIN connectors on the front panel of the ActiveT wo A D Interface Box An additional LabVIEW module is delivered with the system when a temperature sensor is ordered 4 Pulse plethysmograph This Plethv smograph sensor from ADI instruments MLT 1020 uses an infrared photoelectric sensor to detect changes
105. splay only the used channels set the Scale upper left corner to 100 uV div set Reference left panel lower to None Raw g Observe the signal on all connected channels over the course of 5 minutes If you see anything other than flat traces in this test it may be helpful to save the data save only the monopolar displayed channels so that you can send them to your support contact for advice or assistance 1 If the signal starts out relatively flat and becomes noisy over time This is a sign that the electrode pellet may have lost some of its Chloride This is a sign that it is nearing the end of its useful life 2 If the signal starts out noisy but becomes quiet over the course of 3 5 minutes This is most likely a sign that the electrodes started out dry and it took a few minutes for the moisture to penetrate the hard electrode material 3 5 minutes of slightly noisy signals when starting out with dry electrodes is within the expected range of normal operation To avoid this initial noisy period try soaking your active electrodes in salt water for 5 minutes once a week or for 5 minutes before each recording session IMPORTANT Soaking active electrodes in any liquid for longer than 10 minutes at a time is inadvisable as moisture will penetrate the electrode pellets and accelerate corrosion loss of electrode material resulting in poor electrode performance 2 The two bucket test testing inter channel calibration Act
106. standard batteries supplied with each base system b Standard battery is high capacity rechargeable lead acid type with no memory effect c Standard battery capacity approximately 15 hours with 72 channels 10 hours with 136 channels and 5 hours with 280 channels d Useful life defined as over 1000 charge recharge cycles e Fully depleted standard battery with full capacity will take approximately 3 5 hours to charge f Reduced charge time reflects diminished capacity 2 Advice and cautions a Use only supplied charger b Not possible to overcharge using standard charger c If capacity is significantly diminished charge time less than 3 hours cycle battery fully 3 5 times by charging discharging charging until capacity charge time increases to normal d Never store a fully depleted battery store only fully charged e Battery will maintain a charge for weeks months while stored at normal operating temperature Recharge stored batteries frequently to avoid deep discharge f If power at source is lost while battery is connected to charger the charger forms a partially open circuit that will slowly drain the battery Leaving this situation too long can cause permanent damage If you doubt the reliability of ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 17 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 your power source disconnect charged batteries from the charger as soon as the Ready LED comes on g Connect battery to charger
107. t cable sse 75 l Av id contact with MCA L aa a qa denti 75 Disc PV OU liebes E S 76 3 Avoid airtight storage containers is esi seb d 76 A Donot split Cables H 76 S Malfunctions enine a ener Sreee Nr E ree AAA nm tr ne ewer res 76 1 If an electrode is not operating as specified please do the following L 76 F Uife span Life expectancy iii esi a 76 XVI BAUS Dy MUTANT CTU AIN CS sidi i a awditi 78 A SOV GE VIC T 78 le Two patteries supplied cet A 78 2 Battery Ty paces cea etd ceed eee a cede leet cen aes 78 De Standard battery capacity sersan rae EE e REE EE I E E E ES 78 4 Double capacity battery b se ai att a 78 5s Useful Ae i a 78 6s NMR Me ac aa 78 Te seduced Gapatiisi sier iieli kiseb ae ceavenis chedelac eoadaceuandee ciel aneallee dude aE aaa 78 B Advic and eT RTT 78 l Charger to USS tasal cubabel benenbeld bexctauaneah ul Eaa EESE 78 2s AI VENCIAL BUN 8 e e D E E E E 78 3 Minimi bed eee a ta i a terry entere sere 78 A e 3 11 i 78 5 Ch tge tid USAIN as ie ef sec tecanieaneaniemeantess 79 6 Ensure power at charger Source sees ee eee eee eee eee 79 Ts When Ga AL 9e an ie a i i 79 ti STT c gE 8 cS ey ee a E AAE A E E 79 C See also details on battery use maintenance in user manual sss eee eee eee ee eee 79 XVII Troubleshooting AGtivel Wi ili ie eda att 80 A ActiView display partial screen or blue grav screen sese eee eree eee 80 1 Changing your display mode settings in WIndOWS
108. t you do not find in the Accessories listing on line please contact us B Turn on the display of desired sensors 1 In ActiView select the Auxiliary Sensors tab 2 Select sensors to display In the left panel of the Sensors page left click to select the sensors to disp lay Ctrl left click to select multiple 3 Choose suitable scale settings for the selected sensors Note that ActiView provides special scale selectors for built in sensors Use these to set the desired scale for each type of sensor being used 4 Set DC reset at screen start ON or OFF ActiView can set the first data point for each sensor channel to zero artificially correctin g the baseline to make it easier to see signals with different scales or offsets in a single display window For some situations y ou may prefer to see the actual signal level without any artificial baseline correction C Save the displayed sensors After you use Start at the top left side of the Monopolar Display amp Triggers page y ou will have the option at the lower right side of the page to select Save File Click Save File and select the green option button labeled Displayed Sensors to include in the saved data file the data from the displayed sensors ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 68 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XIII Analyzing physiological signals other than EEG ActiveTwo is a flexible data acquisition system with the capability to record EEG and a wide va
109. tarted During these 5 10 minutes the salt water will be absorbed in the A g A aC pellet enabling the pellet to make better chemical contact with the gel Please note that the longer the electrodes are placed in water the longer it will take the water to evaporate and this will accelerate the corrosion process of the Ag AgCl pellet C Cleaning The silver silver chloride AgA gCl sintered electrodes behave like sponges they absorb water and electrode gel The deeper the water gel has penetrated the electrode the longer it will take afterwards for the water to vaporize As long as your electrodes are wet corrosion processes will take place This corrosion process will in the long run make your electrodes noisier That is why it is important to clean the electrodes immediately after use and dry them immediately to eliminate the opportunity for corrosion to develop 1 Use wam tap water Use warm tap water to rinse off the gel from the electrodes make sure to keep the connector dry Warm water up to 50 degrees Celsius will dissolve the gel quicker 2 Soft brush if necessary Use a soft brush for removing gel residues from the electrodes only if absolutely necessary 3 Dry with paper towel and air dry fully Softly dry the electrodes with hand paper Let them hang out to dry 4 No soap Only use soap if water does not seem to clean the electrodes properly never use solvents e g acetone acids or alkaline 5 C
110. te bridges This can lead to identical measurements at involved sites average potential between two active electrodes increased noise i e short between active electrode and DRL results in reduction of CMRR or complete loss of signal i e short between active electrode and CMS results in no measured electrical potential at active electrode 2 Use Electrode Offset tab in ActiView to check offsets Verify that offsets are low 25 mV and stable Low stable electrode offset is a necessary but not sufficient condition for measuring good quality signals in ActiveTwo To address contact problems remove the electrode at the site in question use the syringe tip to part the hair by touching the tip to the scalp and gently rocking back and forth inject a small amount of gel and replace the electrode a Offsets gt 40 mV Offsets exceeding 40 mV that do not exceed the 262 mV input range of the A D converter indicate a potential problem of electrode corrosion or oxidation b Offsets exceeding 262 mV on all channels Offsets exceeding 262 mV on all channels with active electrodes connected indicate a problem with poor contact at CMS or DRL or a system fault broken wire faulty cable connector junction fault in active electrode electronics or fault in A D box c Offsets exceeding 262 mV on less than the total number of used channels Offsets exceedin g 262 mV on less than the total number of used channels indicate inad
111. te that if your network administrator forces software installed by local users to be located in a specific folder with access rights limited to one user or group e g on a network drive the access to the ActiView application may be limited to the current user or members of the same security group Consult with your network administrator to determine the correct user rights required for optimal installation and operation of ActiView B Copy software from web or place CD in drive 1 Use CD Insert the ActiView software CD in the drive of the host computer or 2 Download latest software from BioSemi com ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 31 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 Retrieve the desired version of ActiView software associated version of the LabVIEW Runtime En gine and the USB interface driver from http www biosemi com download htm Note there are low resolution LoRes high resolution HiRes and high resolution wide Wide versions of ActiView 5 34 available for download Each operates at a fixed resolution as described above C USB Driver Installation a Disconnect fiber optic cable Driver installation will fail if fiber optic cable is connected to USB interface and to A D box with A D box power on during the driver installation procedure b Connect USB cable Connect the USB cable to the front panel USB connection on the optical receiver USB 2 0 interface c Windows Update question IM
112. ted January 31 2007 3e AL x TTT 19 H Optic lr ceiver USB 2 0 ite ae ead a ccidatst corsacnenceenseuseacstedeuseesbadeenags wusenrmuceddbetdunesess 20 ik Si a a nee rete ery 20 De Front paiel is s ia ie a A E TE E E E iced ER EE 20 3 Optical receiver U SB interface rear panel see eee 21 I Optional non FEG SENSOTS iii ke ioiei ioe isa Ei as EE aaen aa EE EEEa 21 lk IRS 15 Te s scesiteoirienrisasitiseneeiseaaa a eEE EERS Eia e 21 Ze Skmcondu ctanc SC TT 22 32 PMMA a ra a 26 4 Pulse plot ii sSmograph rimi eee eee 26 5e JAZZ JI Se MONON ta i wae E E E E E 27 b ACHVE STAN DAOC a a ga E Or ocr nee rene eee 27 Te Mierophohe ssisissssiaun p a da G d a 28 S Du d lresponse SWECON s sura fta p ea aa ada ata 28 Je ACtIVIEW SOT WANG sadsaciiadacsernstacsednssdiaadepudsaragecddaaapbadossagnddeasadaced AERE EEAS 28 Ve Active wo tigri T T T C 29 A Connect the Active TWO Comey Orit sess e e seus a a 29 B Ensure that electrodes and sensors have been applied properly to participant 29 C Plug the electrodes and sensors into the A D Box sss sese 29 D Verify t e pec Ee T 20 Es TOO C 29 F Verify that the CM in Range light comes OH sinna ens 30 G Start the Acti VIEW e RT 30 VI ActiView software listallitioti ss sese eee eee eee eee 31 As Computer UE sso en ia 31 1 Windows XP SB2 EE E E E E a a 31 2 SE ZO AMS AGEs T 31 3 Ad guate display resolit ot i dei i ere enes rayo za rg 02 daien
113. tes virtually all recognized pathogenic microor ganisms but not necessarily all microbial forms e g bacterial endospores on inanimate objects There are three levels of disinfection high intermediate and low High level disinfection kills all organisms except high levels of bacterial spores and is effected with a chemical germicide cleared for marketin g as a sterilant by the Food and Drug Administration Intermediate level disinfection kills mycobacteria most viruses and bacteria with a chemical germicide registered as a tuberculocide by the Environmental Protection Agency EPA Low level disinfection kills some viruses and bacteria with a chemical germicide registered as a hospital disinfectant by the EPA 3 Heat stable reusable medical devices that enter the blood stream or enter normally sterile tissue should always be reprocessed using heat based methods of sterilization e g steam autoclave or dry heat oven 4 Laparoscopic or arthroscopic telescopes optic portions of the endoscopic set should be subjected to a sterilization procedure before each use if this is not feasible they should receive high level disinfection Heat stable accessories to the endoscopic set e g trocars operative instruments should be sterilized by heat based methods e g steam autoclave or dry heat oven ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 88 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 5 Reusable devices or items that touch mucous membranes should
114. th soap and water and dry them thoroughly before applying electrodes This helps to equate the degree of skin hydration across participants ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 45 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 4 If the subject has any breaks in the skin or weeping lesions on his her hands near the recording sites DO NOT RUN THAT SUBJECT b SC electrode application 1 Select an electrolyte to use as a conductive medium Skin conductance is best measured using an electrolyte formulated specifically for skin conductance measurements rather than the strongly hypertonic solutions generally used for EEG or ECG measurements Keep the electrolyte container closed between uses Do not use SignaGel or other electrolyte solutions with high salt concentrations for GSR One option is to have a local compounding pharmacist make a batch of electrolyte paste accordin g to one of the recipes found in Lykken D T amp Venables P H 1971 Direct Measurement of Skin Conductance A Proposal for Standardization Psy chophysiology 8 656 672 2 Apply paste evenly to the surface of the electrode Avoid creating air bubbles in the paste Fill the electrode well to the top to insure contact between the entire electrode surface and the skin Overfillin g will cause paste to spread out under the collar when the electrode is applied to the subject resulting in variation in the electrode contact area and poor adhesion of the collar If you
115. the AUX front connectors on the A D box The setup with the response switches connected directly tothe A D box ensures accurate timin g of the response moments pulse is mixed directly with the incoming EEG signals as well as optimal isolation of the subject no grounded equipment near the subject Using the USB trigger port with a response box also provides good timing but has the disadvantage of brin gin g the safety grounds near the subject The BioSemi Response switches connected to the A D box will make sure your response timing is accurate and your subject isolation remains optimal J ActiView software ActiveTwo is provided with a free open source data acquisition software program called Acti View ActiView is optimized for use with ActiveT wo and it provides mechanisms for visualizing and storing signals from all of the system s available sensors including specialized sensors like the Jazz Synchronic Vigilance Monitor The source code is provided so that 1 users have access at the most basic level to understand how their data are being treated and 2 developers can easily modify the standard application to add specific functionality they need ActiView has been developed using National Instruments LabVIEW so the source code is provided in the form of Lab VIEW llb files and developers must have access to LabVIEW to view and modify the source code See the sections on Acti View Software Installation and Operating the ActiVi
116. the cleaning Eventually this leaves only silver behind The resulting pure silver electrode has much higher drift and noise characteristics than the original A g A gCl electrode forcing your electrode set to be replaced ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 77 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 XVI Battery maintenance A Overview 1 Two batteries supplied Two standard batteries supplied with each base system 2 Battery type Standard battery is high capacity rechargeable lead acid type with no memory effect 3 Standard battery capacity Capacity is approximately 15 hours with 72 channels 10 hours with 136 channels and 5 hours with 280 channels 4 Double capacity battery Double capacity batteries are available 5 Useful life Useful life defined as over 1000 char ge rech ar ge cycles 6 Charge time Fully depleted standard battery with full capacity will take approximately 3 5 hours to charge 7 Reduced capacity Reduced char ge time reflects diminished capacity B Advice and cautions 1 Charger to use Use only supplied charger 2 Overcharging It is not possible to overcharge usin g the standard char ger 3 Diminished capacity If capacity is significantly diminished charge time less than 3 hours cycle battery fully 3 5 times by chargin g dischar gin g char gin g until capacity charge time increases to normal 4 Storage Never store a fully depleted battery store only fully char
117. the head Finally 3 reach under the participant s chin and fix the chin strap Some participants may find it helpful to place tissue or gauze under the chin strap for comfort and to avoid chafing e Measure nasion to inion distance and adjust cap position from front to back After putting on the cap measure to be sure that the vertex electrode is where it should be With caps labeled according to the 10 20 or 10 5 system the vertex electrode site will be labeled Cz but in the standard ActiveTwo 128 160 and 256 channel head ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 37 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 caps the vertex will be labeled Al Most often the cap will be slightly too far back on the head at first f Position vertex at half way point between LPA and RPA Open the ear slit in the left side of the head cap and find LPA Place the zero point of the measuring tape at LPA Stretch the tape over the head as close to the vertex electrode as possible while trying to avoid placing the tape over electrode holders Note that if one side of the tape goes over electrode holders and the other side of the tape goes next to electrode holders the measurement of the half way point will be inaccurate Open the right ear slit in the cap and find the measurement at RPA Divide this distance by two to determine the correct position of the vertex from left to right g Ensure cap is not rotated Standin g behind or
118. well above the frequency range of interest in EEG and outside the measurement ran ge of the equipment so RF is not a serious concern unless the source is extremely powerful e g a radio station antenna just outside the building or extremely close to the ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 55 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 participant i e a cell phone near the participant s head A Faraday cage can be constructed from continuous conductive sheet metal best protection against RF or copper mesh surface walls ceilings floors windows and light fixtures covered enclosing the participant room A Faraday cage around the participant room can help minimize interference from electrical equipment i e power supplies outside the room but this is often futile since electrical devices such as monitors with integrated power supplies are being used inside the participant room any way Examples of sources of electrical interference that may be of concern if located too close to the participant or the ActiveT wo A D box are switching power supplies for monitors or other equipment computers and other AC powered electrical equip ment b Mu metal enclosure magnetic shielding required only in extreme cases A magnetically shielded room is generally not required unless there are exceptionally strong sources of magnetic interference in the area Most typical office and laboratory environments are suitable for operating ActiveTwo without
119. y as the EXE is used Once you open the ActiView program and the CFG file you want to use is active click over to the sensors page to be sure that the GSR sensor is selected for display When you click Start File be sure to enable saving of sensor signals by selecting the option to Save displayed sensors Note that the CMS and DRL electrodes must be attached to the subject and connected to the system and the blue CM in range light must be on for GSR measurement to work properly Also the green GSR in ran ge lights should be on when GSR electrodes make adequately low impedance contacts with the subject Note that the green GSR lights always remain off if the blue CM light is off GSR can only be measured with the blue CM light and the green GSR lights glowing Finally if the GSR signal looks flat after you have made all of the other settings it may be that you need to increase the scale of the GSR signal on the display There is a scale tool at the left side of the Sensors display pag b 16 Hz SC coupler The 16 Hz SC circuit in ActiveTwo uses 1 uA constant current 16 Hz square wave signal that is synchronized with the ActiveTwo system s sample rate The 16 Hz design is intended to make the SC coupler consistent with traditional SC methodology Although the 16 Hz ActiveTwo Operating Guidelines Page 24 Rev 6 Printed January 31 2007 excitation frequency might be expected to interfere with simultaneous EEG measur

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