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User`s Manual for WHI UnSat Suite (includes Visual HELP)

1. l Icons Icons Main Menu WH ri Ti a E E ae De pes Pej Pata he net ias fem ijb Re Oe ee oe Oe 1430 14 3 aia pl Eterno unes on z tes e tae i a mee ape arc E l pa d rara aed e aie Chae Vido a E E H woe e a E E n i i p A ao z Ee aa e Era we laa E J P mj bg e Pa Ji A 7 F ME E Feet rd i EE E Bop Pi EE data de ed r F ii 1 i cir Diir Lice EF Liki Eimi ihhh EE minima Pee 2 5 ii EF ins be mr i ie bel J e or we i j E re mm oe p l me Ceres eed on ie laa al yn ber me i E pa ha oc Tree Poissy Output View Results View 1W After starting and loading WHI UnSat Suite a window will appear on your screen The window will be blank except for the project tree view as you have not chosen a problem or a model or generated any output The previous window illustrates all of the display features of UnSat Suite available after a model has been run The Main Menu items are at the top Operational Icons are just below and the Profile Icons are just above the Profile View The Project Tree View is to the left of the main window the Profile View is in the middle and the chart and Table Output Views are on the right The menu items icons and views are described below The top menu bar contains the following menu options File Create a project open close save delete a project or exit UnSat Suite You may also open previously saved sets of projects archive current projects and run p
2. Hand al l Piara i li an Ls dd tngo Lai E Jou es i 1H gt Me TOA Sha Life 50 Se had de de sabra E muian fin sachined harcore Sec n d echoed repo ico carl dal Epil Tyne Conran ee caer Mord la bed intel concede o Martial paa 1 do dad ral corrido 2j The following parameters can be edited in the Case Settings parameter group Number of Layers Total number of layers with different transport parameters and or initial contaminant concentrations minimum 2 maximum 4 Note Depending on number of layers you select the number of rows in groups Contaminant Load Schedule and Initial Concentrations will be different Simulation Length Total simulation length in years to a maximum of 100 Site Latitude Site latitude Washload Simulation Toggles the subroutine simulating soil erosion and contaminant washload On Off To activate the washload function click in the Value field and then select Simulate Washload Transport Part 6 The SESOIL Model 257 Note If you activate the Washload function two new parameter groups Washload Settings and Washload Schedule will appear in the Project Tree Spill Type Specify contaminant loading as either instantaneous spill or continuous loading Month to load initial concentrations Month during year when initial contaminant concentrations are introduced To add contaminant in subsequent years see Contaminant Application Schedule on page 271 Speci
3. Part 4 The VS2DT Model 215 Monovalent Default Parameters Ponent K Ion exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C Ion exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Divalent Default Parameters Divalent K Ton exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C Ion exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Monovalent Default Parameters Divalent K Ton exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C Ion exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Divalent Default Parameters Monova K Ion exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C Ion exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process For more explanations on parameters see VS2DT s original manual extract in the appendices 216 Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Running the VS2DT Model To run the model for a single profile click the profile icon above the gt Profile View To run the model for multiple prof
4. 20 0 0 cee eee eee 133 Running the Visual HELP Modera A cece pede hes 134 Interpreting the Output and Preparing a Report 0 0 ee eens 134 Original DOS HELP OGPU e scans eal Cae ean eee ee Oe eee 134 Viewing the Output Graphs 2224244646 ds eee a i es et eels 135 Viewino HELP TADOS i e ono swans pa CSAS RSS Co Ee eR Ree ESSA 139 Explanation of Variables 4 4209 iS EA AA 141 A A O 142 The PESTAN Model ccccccsccccscccccccccccccccsccccccsccee 4 Contents 3 o A A AO 147 9 INDUC Specification A 149 UMNGOase SEUN S as AA A SADA A AA een 149 Editing Sorption Consta adela dde 150 Lime Dependent Groups 6 ciel odiada 150 Waste A pplication Schedile a E EA A A 151 dc IN 152 Specilyin the Pesticidas iS OS ee eens 153 Substitutineths Pesticidas Beate Od Ge Bia RAE ela Ee Re I ae 153 Editins Pesticide Propere Sase sii E AS IE DEA A eG Sake 154 NIG GTR ING CNS Proteo 155 Prole Prop eties oeren eea o Ge Gigs pa ees 155 Resizing Mela VER ron owas ke ROARS a he ee Ea OO os Pao as 155 Substitutno the aver arica ia bee heen te eed eid se ee ceane bad a ee eae es 156 Equine Son Properties its ds ea ott oe Sere eae ein 157 Observation FOM aeran so a 159 Addin OSEA LON PONS ss ii A RA 159 Observation Point Properties o oooooooooorrrrr nett ene ees 160 Deleting an Observation POM ceo coleta Ged eee ar 161 Restoring an Observation Pot r ha ada id a ak ae 161 9 Viewing Output and Reporting ccc
5. Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 11 3 To begin installing your software to your hard disk click on WHI UnSat Suite Plus Installation 4 The Welcome window will appear Click Next gt to continue and follow the Installation Wizard to enter your product Serial Number please remember to use CAPITAL letters select your installation directory and select the components to install Starting WHI UnSat Suite After installing WHI UnSat Suite click Start on the Windows Taskbar choose Programs go to the program file where WHI UnSat Suite is located and click UnSat22 to open the product The installation program will also place an icon on your desktop which you can also click to start WHI UnSat Suite 12 Chapter 1 Installation and Start Up General Features Terms and Notation The following terms and notations will be used throughout the manual type Type in the given word or value select Click the left mouse button where indicated A Press the lt Enter gt key e Click the left mouse button where indicated PE Double click the left mouse button where indicated The bold faced type indicates menu or window items to click or values to type denotes a button to click Ha A PO denotes a menu selection Getting Around the Interface Below is an example of the WHI UnSat Suite windows interface using the HELP model Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 13 Main Menu 14 Operational Profile
6. Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 63 4 Select the folder where you would like to save your completed project set 5 In the File name box type the name of the project set you are about to store Make sure 1t 1s a unique name or 1t will automatically override an existing file with the same name Open 6 You will be prompted to create the new file Yes 7 The Confirm Database Alias dialogue box will open In the Alias box type the name of the project set This 1s the name you will use to open the project set in UnSat Suite 8 OK The stored project set will become the current project set in the Project Tree Returning to the Default Project Set To return to the Default Project Set 1 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 2 Default OR De M3 2 Default Deleting Projects from the Default Project Set Once you have returned to the Default Project Set you can delete the projects that you have just archived To delete a project 1 lt right click gt on the project in the Project Tree 2 7 Delete To delete all the projects 1 lt right click gt Default Project Set 2 Delete All Projects After the projects are deleted you can create new projects in your empty project set 64 Chapter 4 Working with Project Sets Opening an Archive Project Set The Archive Project Set can be opened and edited at anytime To open an archived project set 1 From the File menu Reope
7. When the computations are complete J to save the weather data Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Viewing Generated Weather Data To view the results of meteorological simulation e H on the tool bar Or amp View Click the appropriate option from the Output dialogue box that appears The Output window will appear a Cuig Menu The following menu items can be used in the Output window File Save and print generated data and exit the Output dialogue box View View different types of generated data activate and disactivate the zooming feature Options Switch between different time scales and activate the data editor this function is available only for daily data Part 2 The HELP Model 115 Tool Bar Buttons Precipitation o a Solar Radiation Temperature se i Zoom In a Zoom Out 3D View a View Edit Data E Graph Properties Help ed Use this icon to view precipitation data Use this icon to view solar radiation data Use this icon to view temperature data Use this icon to zoom in on the graph Use this icon to zoom out of the graph Use this icon to view graph in 3D recommended if the number of simulated years is less than five Use this icon to view and edit generated weather data this option is available only for daily values Use this icon to change graph properties Use this button to open the Help dialogue box In the Select frame
8. van Genuchten Exponent in van Genuchten s function for the pressure head moisture content curve Haverkamp A Haverkamp Pressure potential where relative hydraulic conductivity 0 5 B Haverkamp Haverkamp s constant equal to the slope of the log log plot of 1 Kr 1 versus the pressure potential Alpha Haverkamp Haverkamp s parameter for the pressure head moisture content curve Must be negative Beta Haverkamp Haverkamp s parameter for the pressure head moisture content curve Must be negative For more explanations on parameters see VS2DT original manual extract in the appendices Transport Parameters Soul transport parameters determine conditions of chemical transport and transformation in the unsaturated zone In VS2DT the processes describing chemical transport and transformation include PA Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile e Advection e Hydrodynamic Dispersion e Decay e Adsorption e and Ion Exchange The adsorption process can be approximated in three ways using the following empirical relationships e Linear Adsorption e Freundlich Adsorption e Langmuir Adsorption The following processes of ion exchange can be simulated e Monovalent Monovalent e Divalent Divalent e Monovalent Divalent e and Divalent Monovalent Editing Transport Parameters You may access the transport properties from the Project Tree View or from the Profile View To access Transport propertie
9. Add to save the current location to the locations database You may Add edit the location name first Modify Modify to save the changes to the current location Delete Delete to delete the current location from the list Close to return to the New Project dialog box Back in the New Project dialog box the locations drop down list Your recent selected location will be placed in the list in alphabetical order Click it to make it active for the project Next gt Chapter 2 General Features Units Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface New Project Select Input Output Unit Templates Input Customary Output Customary 7 To Edit or Create Unit Templates Click Here gt e Edit Units UnSat Suite allows you to specify the units that you will use for your input and the units for your results The input and output unit templates can differ which provides the user with more flexibility e g you may input layer thicknesses pressure heads and other parameters which have units of length in inches and view the results in meters You can also change units for all input parameters throughout the design process To change the units for any input parameter 1 Unit field beside the Value for the appropriate parameter The drop down list will show all units available for the parameter 2 the convenient unit 3 input the parameter value in this unit without any conversions 4 TOK
10. and extensive coverage on the mechanics of using groundwater models Courses can be arranged by contacting Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc also offers expert consulting and peer review services for all numerical modeling problems concerning groundwater flow and mass transport For further information contact Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc The development of UnSat Suite was directed by Dr Mikhail Gogolev who designed the interface tested the product and wrote the manual Dr Dmitri Eidenzon co designed the interface and was responsible for Introduction Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface programming Konstantin Choumak took responsibility for programming of version 2 2 Other members of the development team include Igor Evsikov who developed the interface for the Weather Generator Alexander Sapozhnikov who converted the original FORTRAN codes to DLLs Karin Nova who developed sections of the database and coop students Diane Cameron Livia De Vellis and Bruce Davison who prepared the new WGEN world database and took part in testing the interface and preparing the manual and on line help Dr Serguei Shmakov Douglas Graham Gary Moore and Paul Martin provided support as well as Dr Nilson Guiguer and Patrick Delaney who are responsible for overall software development at Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc The software research and development was supported financially by the National Research Council of Canada through
11. drop down listbox 291 292 The list of output times will appear Use the slider to reach the time of your interest and click it The selected time will appear in the drop down box To view results for this specific time click the icon Et to the right of the Select Specified Time Result at box The list of results for specified year will open in the Result Tree EWE i Month 1 Dct Month 2N ow Month Dec Month 4 ar Month 5 Feb Month Biblar Month 4pr Month Skap Month ilun Month 10 ul Month 11 4110 Month 12 Sep 000000000000 Click the add sign beside the month you wish to view results for Ef Month Apr Click the check box beside the type of variable you wish to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window To add the graph for another time to the same window select a new time from the Select Specified Time Concentration Result at box and check the same variables a warning will display 1f you choose different Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting variables The Result View will show profile distribution of the variable for different times Time Depth Table 43 1 E o E nh a 0 005 0 01 Value fuen In Soil Moisture Month S Deci Year Y In Soil Moisture Moanth 4 dani Year In Soil Moisture Month S Febi Year Y In Sail Moisture Month Bihari Year Y To erase an output for a specific t
12. 14 N 1 2N 1 3N etc Specify the number in the Each N th box Click the Select All button to plot data for all years Click the Unselect All button to clear your graph 117 If you click Print from the File menu the TeeChart Print Preview dialogue box will appear L sl E ET m FTE TI HE Pam From this dialogue box you can set up printing characteristics and print the graph You can also save a graph as a bitmap by clicking Save As from the File menu Editing Generated Data You may wish to see generated weather data in table format To view the generated weather data in table format e Or from the Options menu View Edit 118 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data The following table will appear 1f you select the By months option in the Output dialogue box F L ol Doa Edi To find specific value in the hidden part of the table use the scroll bars You cannot edit data generated with the monthly and annual time scales However you can edit data generated as daily values which is particularly useful if you would like to test the landfill performance under the extreme conditions e g 50 year storm If you choose By day the Edit option in the bottom of the table will become selected tS Data E elit Note In the table of daily values each row represents a month of generated weather data Part 2 The HELP Model 119 Viewing the Weather Generator Database 120
13. 170 In the Report window you may edit the report input your own text and add any type of graphics or table outputs produced by UnSat Suite Note The graphs and tables will be placed at the insertion point To add a graph or table to the report 1 Inthe Report window place the cursor in position where you would like your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph or table using one of the methods described above and 3 lt right click gt in the Result View The following menu will appear Insert To Report Copy to Clipboard Save As Print Properties 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report The graph may appear a size smaller than the original To view the graph of desired size click the graph in the Report window and stretch it until it reaches proper size A table may be longer than the Report window allows In this case the table will be automatically wrapped Add necessary graphs and tables into the report and write your comments You may insert a header and footer in your report apply different fonts and styles while working in the Report window To utilize these and other options make corresponding selections from the top menu After you are done you may print the report or save it in your machine Chapter 9 Viewing Output and Reporting Part 4 The VS2DT Model 172 Introduction Part 4 The VS2DT Model VS2DT Variably Saturated 2 D Flow an
14. 186 Simulations with the VS2DT model require boundary conditions to be specified In VS2DT the upper boundary is always set at the soil surface while the location of the lower boundary may be specified at any point within the profile including points below the phreatic surface Chapter 10 Case Specifications Part 4 The VS2DT Model Two sets of parameters need to be specified at the upper and lower profile boundaries e flow conditions e transport conditions The following types of conditions are allowed at the profile Flow Upper Boundary which reflects interaction between the soil profile and the atmosphere e specified pressure head e specified flux e specified total head e evaporation e transpiration e evaporation and transpiration e and no specified boundary impermeable boundary The following types of conditions are allowed for the profile Flow Lower Boundary which reflects interaction between the soil profile and the surrounding soil e specified pressure head e specified flux e specified total head e and no specified boundary impermeable boundary The Upper and Lower Transport Boundaries do not differ in the type of condition they are able to simulate For both boundaries the following types of conditions are allowed e specified concentration e specified mass flux e and no specified boundary In VS2DT boundary conditions are time dependent They have to be specified for the stress per
15. Noadsorption Each Soil s or ion Transport exchange Parameters MI Solver Settings Linear Each Soil s Adsorption Transport Parameters 176 Default Parameters Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Default Parameters K Linear Adsorption Equilibrium distribution coefficient Chapter 10 Case Specifications Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Freundlich Each Soil s Default Parameters Adsorption Transport Kg Freundlich Isotherm Freundlich adsorption constant Parameters n Freundlich sotherm Freundlich exponent Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Langmuir Each Soil s Default Parameters Adsorption Transport K Langmuir Isotherm Langmuir adsorption constant Parameters 1 8 8 1P Q Langmuir Isotherm Maximum number of adsorption sites Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Monovalent Each Soil s Default Parameters mlonovaient Cane pon K Ion exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Parameters Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C lon exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Solver Settings Transport Equat
16. Specified concentration Fixed head flow into Permitted Not Allowed Permitted Has to be Specified em o o Fixed head flowhead out Not Allowed Not Allowed Permitted Has to be Specified Ide damit E IN Evaporation and transpi Not Allowed Not Allowed Not Required ration The execution of the boundary rules applies some restrictions on the combinations of the flow and transport boundaries Under conditions when all boundaries are specified independently it is hard to prevent the appearance of the forbidden combination during the user s input The program allows the user to input any boundary type at any time At a later stage the program recalculates the user inputted stress periods into the model stress periods and checks the compatibility of boundary conditions If a forbidden combination is detected it will be replaced with the one allowed for the selected type of flow boundary Fortunately the most of forbidden combinations simulate very rare cases and the combinations which substitute them do not deteriorate the accuracy of results substantially Flow Boundaries VS2DT Conventions Pressure head 1s equal to zero at the phreatic surface or negative 1f the flow boundary simulates the unsaturated soil Pressure head grows positively with a unit gradient below the phreatic surface 188 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Part 4 The VS2DT Model Total head equals the sum of the pressure head and the elevation potential T
17. The Confirm Database Alias dialogue box will open 1 Confirm Database Alias Path Cub ata mdb OF Lancel Help 3 Type the name of the project set in the Alias box 4 7 OK The project set can now be edited and viewed on your computer 66 Chapter 4 Working with Project Sets Copying a Project From One Project Set to Another You can copy a project contained in one project set over to another project set even 1f that project is on another machine You can copy a project from one project set to another with one of the following methods To copy a project from one project set to another 1 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 2 the project set which contains the original project The project set will open 3 Click on the project to copy in the Project Tree and drag the project to the storage trunk icon 4 The copy holder icon will change its view ES This indicates that the copy holder is holding the project 5 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 6 the project set you want to copy the file to ne E 8 the project name that you wish to paste in the current project set 9 Enter or confirm the name of the project and click OK Or To copy a project from one project set to another 1 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 2 the project set which contains the original project 3 lt right click gt on the project in the Project Tree 4 Copy Note If you choose
18. Tuvalu Vanuatu Vietnam Australia Austria Azores Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czechoslovakia Denmark Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data North America South America Former USSR ESTO FARO FRAN FORM GERM GREE HUNG ICEL REL ITAL LATV LITH MADE NETH NORW POLA PORT ROMA SPAI SWED SWIT UNIT CANA GREE MEXI UNIT ARGE BOLI BRAZ CARI CHIL CUBA JAMA PANA PARA PERU PUER URUG FORM Estonia Faroe Islands France Former Yugoslavia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Madeira Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom Canada Greenland Mexico United States Argentina Bolivia Brazil Caribbean Islands Chile Cuba Jamaica Panama Paraguay Peru Puerto Rico Uruguay Former Soviet Union The following table outlines the repetitive discrepancies in the abbreviations of world regions and corresponding country Abbreviation Region and Country 1 Region and Country 2 AUST Australia Australia CANA Canary Islands w Sahara Canada North America Africa Part 2 The HELP Model 107 FORM Former Yugoslavia Europe Former Soviet Union Former USSR The GIS Map The second way to select a city is to use the GIS map This 1s especially G useful if you do not know which neighbouring locations can be used to generate weather data To open the GIS map From the File menu click Map or click G Fo
19. however the observation point value will be obtained from the nearest node Refining the grid spacing and dividing layers will allow greater flexibility in observation point locations In future releases of UnSat Suite a special interface will be developed to allow comparison of field observations to values calculated by the model for calibration Adding Observation Points Part 4 The VS2DT Model Please NOTE At present this feature is not enabled in VS2DT The information contained below has been included as a reference for future releases of UnSat Suite 197 To select the position of observation points lt right click gt on the Observation Points Column in Profile View 20 84 89 5 0 Profile x 1 2 elete Properties f Observation Points Column Add OR lt right click gt on the profile name in the Project Tree View Add Observation Point The following dialog box will appear Oheewalion Pairt Fiogertiec M Ea Mare Ferran 1 Elewebon 230 furia DE Carcel Enter the name in the Name text box and the depth where you wish to place your observation point in the Elevation text box OK 198 Chapter 10 Case Specifications The observation point will appear in the Profile View and in the Project Tree View Observation Point Properties To change the properties of an observation point lt double click gt on the observation point in the Profile View Or l
20. i SMS Arcus Pe a if l Es ra de I l i A i 70 Porat J Aue De Dear ee hg E Fr nl ja ro Eih id cg a li EE 1245 et E T miisi la dl Ei Fura s nET 2 LS hr Mm The graph in the right window shows that peak recharge occurs in year 7 of the simulation with an annual recharge rate of approximately 14 8 inches Next you will learn how to convert this data into the required format and export to Visual MODFLOW To export data from UnSat Suite the following steps need to be executed 1 Set output units in Visual HELP equal to the desired Visual MODFLOW units 11 Open the Visual HELP output with the desired time intervals 111 Export the data Setting output units in Visual HELP equal to the desired Visual MODFLOW units Visual MODFLOW requires input in units of recharge rate m day averaged over monthly time intervals Because the units for recharge in the quoted Visual HELP Lab exercise are in totalled over a year intervals units in HELP output have to be corrected To change units in the Main menu Project Properties The following dialog box will appear 310 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results J Project Properties HELP rechaiee open by MIKHAIL ial ES General Model HELP Location Units Author Client Info Mame HELP recharge Description Description Cancel Help Uni
21. in the Profile View to close it Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 51 To select the output category click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box The following list will appear in case you are using the VS2DT model Specied Time Specified Depth Balance Accumulated Balance Rate Tablez Click the category you wish to view The first possible result group will appear in the list box below To view all available result groups click the arrow in the lower drop down list box Select Name of Category Result at The list of all arguments will appear drop down in the list box The picture below shows the case when Specified Time was chosen in the Select Result Category box 11 206 days Use the slider to reach the time of your interest and click it The selected time will appear in the drop down box Select Specified Time Result At 12 000 days eg To view all results available for this specific time click the icon to the f right of the Select Specified Time Result at box Chapter 3 Common Tools The list of available results will open in the Result Tree Speched Time 12 000 days E 18 Y52DT Model Output 3 1199 11 17 18 AM Specified Time E 12 000 days Click the check box beside the type of variable which you wish to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window eE 10000 dogs O Ears Cm Telai Haad Om Peers Hesi E E
22. 280 The Original Model Listing dialogue box will appear PEDE pail id a i e al APP NENE Ts sasas EGO A SACLE 2 GST SCR ee FAA DA DL Cee eS LEET aoe so BEUELOPCES Be FRA E LIFE H GORE eee ee Tra asaan a Wi ANA DA MA ce A sa ss Tre RIPE EXTEAIVELA PF pora saasaa AA A ee as assas DAK PIEDI Se AA ns soos ei Shes PA ma A UA i ss _ Pate eee PTE REE PEPPER ERE PEP TAREE RE PPP EE PPP EPP PPP ERE ETA eee EP PPTs ae Pert so TELE TL A OPS eee Per Lith SAEED LE Libel ihi inc ji bce to ceil ii Sal E F HBL Pt Ei i E FIRTH l vi bri prar ma bee Os ii CFE TI MAZELEN ma EFFI IGAT IDM Baia j 1 Hirai Fdo Gia ml e ae i Scroll and view the original listing find specific expressions and print your results To view the SESOIL input file click the Input File tab To print the file or the selected part of the file Print from the File menu Specify the print properties and click OK to print Click the X to close the window after you are finished Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Viewing the Output Graphs After the model has successfully ran the Output View and Result View windows will open and the UnSat Suite window will appear as shown below EA CHA 00 ot p To enlarge the graph viewing area you may Es Click the icon to close the Project Tree View or click the X in the LE Profile View to close it The
23. 6 bb td cde dae 241 Viewme the Cpu IES E A da 242 Specitica Time a d Dept cd A Aa tad os Bare eA 242 BANCOS ES A A A A REE 245 VIEWING o AA E WE eG aan en A 246 Prepare a REPORTS AS A ASIA awa A hoe SS 248 The SESOIL Model sccccccscccccccccccccccccccccccccccceses 2O L LA INtrOdU COIN rr id 253 15 Input pecitICA CON 0 SA A AS oe es 255 Pronks in SESOUL 4c neces traia aaa 299 Editine General Profile Properties aaron ci 256 SPeCiFyine the Caso SEUS ari a ida ls o aa 256 Specityino C Mal cositas do AE DAS A Oia 258 Inputting climate data manually oooooooocoonroo ooo 260 Input climate data from the Weather Generator database o o o ooooooo o 262 Input weather data synthetically generated in SESOIL 0 0 0 0 0002s 262 Import synthetically generated weather data and evapotranspiration from the HELP model 263 6 Contents Specifying Soil Erosion and Contaminant Washload o ooooooooooooomo o 265 Speciiyine WashlOad Setines ced vase thd domes red rbd e ele e eee woes 265 specifying Washload Schedule orina aid ad 266 SPECiLyine he Contamindit sad Aa ie eb ia ita 267 Delfino the CONQUE A A AAA A AA 267 Editins Chemical Properties ad SS A Ai 268 Setting Initials CONG ONS sok aes oe Ae di ias 270 Contaminant Application Schedule 0 0 cee eens 271 Modifying he Protle coros cpollia ds dd is aos 273 Proule Properties iia ii antaras 273 Sene
24. Alias connection Select All Select all aliases Selected aliases show a checkmark in the box adjacent to their name Delete Delete all selected aliases Help Open on line help Close Dialogue Close the dialogue box Box 08 amp 62 Chapter 4 Working with Project Sets Deleting Alias When you delete in Project Set Manager you do not delete the project set you only delete the mapped connection to the project set The deleted path to the project can be mapped again 1f needed To delete a project path 1 on the check box for the project s you wish to delete 2 gt Fa To delete all project paths 2 RE Archiving and Copying Project Sets Once you have completed a set of projects in your default project set you can archive the completed set The archived set can still be opened and edited at any time but the files will not appear in the default project set Therefore authors can organize their projects without having a cluttered work space To archive or copy a project set 1 Close all projects and return to the Project Manager 2 From the File menu Copy Project Set 3 The Copy Project Set Select Folder dialogue box will open Archive Project Set Select Folder Fla Look irr E Ms dos 6 E ces E Acrobat3 3 ForeHelp2 95 Adobeapp 3 Hpfonts Corel50 G ManFloTrans G Mapinto 43 Maps GI My Documents LaWwin311 gt Files of type ms Access Database mdb bal Cancel
25. Click the Database tab to see the Weather Generator database Project Precipitation Temperature Evapotranspiration Database Edit i ce x octy Region Latitude Longitude Mear Tmax _ DAUGAYPILS LATYLATY 55 567 26 62 52 l 49 37 47 40 Se 07 32 92 49 77 45 58 The database contains all of the parameters necessary to synthetically generate daily precipitation air temperature and solar radiation In addition to those parameters the database contains a number of specific statistical parameters necessary for generating weather data The lower part of the Database tab contains the Unit Converter for converting between customary and metric unit systems To convert temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius Click in the box to the right of the F and type the number er lt lt The converted value will appear in the box to the left of C Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data To convert temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit Click in the box to the left of the C and type the number er gt gt The converted value will appear in the box to the right of F The same procedure is used to convert the depth of precipitation mm to in and wind speed km h to mph Adding a Record to the Weather Generator Database In addition to being able to get more information about the selected weather station Visual HELP allows you to save your specific set of coefficients for future use by
26. Dissociation Constant Complexation chelation process parameter During this process the pollutant combines with organic molecules ligands and forms stable complexes which is effective only for heavy metals Should be set to zero for other cases Relative Concentration of Ligand Number of moles of ligand per mole of pollutant Used only for processes of complexation and should be set to zero for other cases Molecular Weight of Ligand Molecular weight of ligand which is used only for complexation processes Should be set to zero for other cases Note For more details on chemical properties see the original SESOIL manual available on the installation CD Setting Initial Conditions 270 SESOIL allows you to specify the initial pollutant concentration in each sublayer within the profile To set initial contaminant concentration lt right click gt on Initial Concentrations in the Project Tree Edit OR on Initial Concentrations in the Project Tree Chapter 15 Input Specification ed Spacial Irgu groepe ba SESO meim Enter the initial contaminant concentration in the appropriate cells changing the units where necessary Note The number of active sublayers is regulated by the Layer Parameters group settings OK to save data and close the dialog box Contaminant Application Schedule In SESOIL you may input contaminant into the profile or simulate a contaminant sink from a specified layer at
27. For each time step you can specify the Start Time and End Time in the appropriate boxes The duration of the time step appears in brackets next to the time step number Then select the boundary type for the stress period from the Boundary Type list Then click the appropriate units from the Units list and type the desired value in the Value box Input the value of Inflow Concentration which will be used during the stress periods or parts of the stress periods when water enters the domain Time steps do not have to be added at the end They can be added anywhere in the time period To insert a time step between two existing time steps 1 Click the box below where your new step will be inserted 2 7 Insert 191 As easy as time steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a time step 1 Click the box for the step you wish to delete 2 7 Delete All the time steps can be deleted by Delete All Stress Period Defaults Stress period defaults are default parameters used to set simulation for stress periods In the stress period defaults section you can specify the factors associated with time steps The length of the initial time step can be edited along with the maximum and minimum length of time steps to follow You can also specify a multiplier for the initial time step length Therefore time steps will get larger or smaller depending on the nature of the simulation However complications may
28. Profiles in UnSat Suite on page 28 VS2DT works with natural profiles Applying VS2DT the user can set the top and bottom elevation of the profile and edit them at any time during the input data preparation However editing of the layer thickness value is not allowed To manipulate the soil layer structure within the fixed profile depth the user has a set of graphical tools that can move the layer boundary split and merge layers and change the soil type within the layer When the user moves the upper profile boundary graphically or changes the top profile elevation the introduced changes will affect only the thickness of the upper layer A move of the upper profile boundary or changes to the bottom profile elevation will change only the thickness of the lower layer The basic profile properties include e Name e Description e Top and bottom elevation e Area e Units To edit the basic profile properties lt right click gt the profile in the Project Tree and click Properties or lt right click gt in the Profile View and click Profile Properties or lt double click gt the profile name in the Project Tree View The Profile Properties dialog box will appear 203 ol Prolile Populi Geri Maras ESTI Elevador ari imaenpr an oOo Map Top TO Poo Botiom E wo fF mel solo rua Thickness 22200 Name A name of the profile Description A description of the profile Area A land area represented by pro
29. and the Atmospheric Potential all have to be inputted to simulate the evaporation process If the user chooses to model both transpiration and evaporation the process is similar to evaporation However in evapotranspiration the soil surface supports vegetative growth Therefore the water supply from the soil is being evaporated into the atmosphere and it is also being extracted by roots growing in the soil to supply the water demands of the plants The user must then input not only the evaporation parameters but the evapotranspiration parameters as well Such parameters include the Potential Evapotranspiration Root Depth Root Activity at the base and top of the root zone and the Root Pressure Editing the Evapotranspiration Parameters 184 The Evapotranspiration parameters are subject to time steps with constant length This allows you to accurately simulate effects due to climate changes over a long simulation time period By default the time steps are set at zero You can add and delete time steps to suit the project needs To edit the Evapotranspiration parameters 1 lt right click gt on Evapotranspiration 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters window will open or 7 Evapotranspiration group name The Edit Parameters dialog box for evapotranspiration is shown below Chapter 10 Case Specifications Part 4 The VS2DT Model A ee The e ripen ilies desd of Era Serta lo Perret prir ati miie Es amupa FOS Eyssen Fo
30. below the tool bar you can choose the time scale that you would like to view the generated data with The By Years button is the default 116 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model To view a specific graph click the type of weather variable from the tool bar or from the View menu and click the desired button in the Select frame or from the Options menu Note The y axis on the graph is scaled between maximum and minimum values If the length of the simulated period exceeds five years and the By days or By months time scale is selected values for the first five years will be graphed by default For each day or month the data for displayed years will be portrayed in ascending order from left to right Values for different years will be coloured in different colors the correspondence between colors and years can be seen in the upper right corner of the dialogue box If you choose to graph By days or By month you may specify the years you want to plot in the list and the format you wish to use in the Selection Type frame Your first option is Custom and click the relevant years from the list The Group of N elements button allows you to plot data corresponding to any number of consecutive years Specify the number of years in the Number of Years spin box and click Select Next Group to cycle through your data Click the Each N th button to graph data for the first year and years
31. the drop down arrow in the Import drop down list box and select Use averages from the list that appears Monthly Mean Air Temperature and Total Monthly Precipitation for the specified weather station will appear in the appropriate rows of the first annual set Next you have to manually input monthly values for the remaining six parameters except Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate Subsequently you may multiply and edit annual data sets as described above see Working with the Annual INPUT table within the SESOIL Interface on page 261 OK when completed Input weather data synthetically generated in SESOIL 262 This option allows you to synthetically generate site specific statistically reliable data for the entire simulation length with the Weather Generator This option allows you to assess values of Mean Air Temperature Total Monthly Precipitation and Number of Storms The remaining five parameters except Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate have to be input manually To use this option 1 start the Weather Generator by selecting Run Weather Generator from the main menu OR the icon in the main toolbar Chapter 15 Input Specification 2 Run the Weather Generator for N 1 years where N is the specified simulation length Note N 1 years is required as the Weather Generator produces annual data sets that begin in January while the SESOIL year starts in October 3 Save the generated weather data and
32. 100 The minimum number of years is one To run the Weather Generator and set the simulation time From the Run menu Weather Generator or 5 7 The Weather Generator dialogue box will appear Type the simulation time in the Number of Years box which is found in the Simulation Length frame Specify the other parameters for your landfill site in the Weather Generator dialog box Run to generate weather data or ql Click File and Save to save your data or LJ Click File and Exit to close the Weather Generator or i Statistically reliable weather data has been generated and the simulation length has been set Running the Visual HELP Model aj aj To run the model for a single profile click the profile icon above the Profile View To run the model for multiple profiles or for one profile 1f 1t 1s a single project e Click the same icon from the Operational toolbar above the Project Tree View Or e Run in the main menu HELP model The program will collect input files and run the model A box with a progress bar will appear Interpreting the Output and Preparing a Report Original DOS HELP Output 134 UnSat Suite allows you to view and print the original DOS HELP report If you are familiar with original HELP output you may choose to use these results To view and print original HELP output Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Output from the main menu Ori
33. 3 or 4 layers which may have different thicknesses Layers are used to setup different transport parameters and pollutant loads within the profile As designed by the code developers the user has to specify flow and transport parameters for the uppermost layer only As stated previously the flow properties are the same for each layer of the model Individual transport parameter settings for the lower layers are determined by parameter value ratios for each specific layer Each layer may be separated into 10 sublayers of equal thickness within a layer Initial pollutant concentration may be set for each sublayer individually In SESOIL flow calculations between sublayers represents the highest level of detail In addition these sublayers are used to output simulation results In SESOIL complex surficial and unsaturated zone processes are grouped into three cycles Hydrologic cycle Washload cycle Pollutant fate cycle The hydrologic cycle is simulated first followed by the washload cycle The results from the hydrologic cycle and the washload cycle are then used to calculate the pollutant fate cycle The hydrologic cycle is based on a statistical dynamic theory of a vertical soil water budget formulated by Eagleston 1978 which was adopted to account for variations in soil moisture This hydrologic cycle controls the sediment and washload cycles The pollutant cycle simulates contaminant transport and 255 transformation in
34. 312 kg cub m Layer Properties Layer Group Geometry Profile Properties save s Template Print 3 Specify the layer properties 4 OK An empty Profile Material Properties dialogue box will appear Specify the material to insert Note The new layer will always be inserted above the current layer Note To insert the new layer inside the existing layer split the layer first with the split function Note VHELP can accommodate a maximum of 20 layers in a profile Part 2 The HELP Model 89 Material Category Click a category from the list The list will be limited to those categories that are allowed at the insertion point Material Texture Click the appropriate material from the list Each layer category is associated with several textures that can be used in the design of the layer The texture number in UnSat Suite corresponds directly to the texture number in the original DOS HELP As far as material is selected the top and bottom settings are activated Name Type a unique name for material in this text box Description Edit the comments in this column No Slope If the No Slope button is clicked the layer will be inserted with zero slope Slope If the Slope button is clicked you must specify Slope and Slope length Slope must be expressed in percent The slope length is measured in the cross sectional view It is recommended that you set up your profile so that the slope seen in
35. DCI OAV CIS as teas A ee Re E ee toe Bde a eka eet 91 Restorile Lavers 4424 Savon tw eed aerate hood oeonmatedo nesta dane aed ee 93 SPH Lay CES Vi AS Sad elute E ob eee iy eae ks Bae alias 94 Layer OOPS nr rai Anas At a ee okie Ea 96 6 Generating Weather Data cccccccccccccvcvscscvscevscesccveces 99 io A II abe hose E 99 World Weather Generator Database orres deriet oo Sees Ck ere ee ES oa oo eae ee See 100 Starting the Weather Generator roetes tessa oust ee 4 Rhee eed a oa ae oe Sew ace 101 Gens ArU ii ia dole eb ee oo eee hee ee 102 Precipitation and Temperature 2 024 444 Se Ee ate hw a binta o EOS eee be ew hee Ae Aes 111 Evapotranspirauioni s scr A AS AS E eee eee 112 Generate Weather Data 226 0 bab lie a ia id beds 114 Viewing Generated Weather Data a A ai 115 Editino Generdted Dala cincaroiand a bea ed be eii bed 118 Viewing the Weather Generator Database o o oooooooocooororoo 120 Adding a Record to the Weather Generator Database o o ooooocooooromo ooo 121 Editing the Weather Generator Database o o ooooooocoooororoo ene eens 122 Importing Weather Data in Canadian Climate Centre ForMat o o oooooommmoo oo oo 123 Importing Weather Data in NOAA forMat o o o oooooooorror een eens 124 Customizine Weather Data taste a cs OS ADA A Meet en AAA Che ky 127 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting 133 Setting the Simulation Time with the Weather Generator
36. Gidea ees ed aaa ds 195 Customizine the Finite Difference Grid vtr ra A Ree aes 196 ODServ atiOn Ponts said id a dios dione aie a 197 Addins Observation POUMS 2 6 SS TALA A AAA AER eae aes 197 ODSery ation Rot Properties gerse 44 ri And 199 Deletinean Observator POM 32 4 4ueewen ia 199 Restoring an Observation Point 0 cc eee eee e ees 200 Setting the Initial Conditions 4424 44124 ES eee oe eee et bs ee eae baees 200 Selecting the Type of Initial Condition 0 0 0 00 ccc eee eee ene 200 Editing the Initial Conditions for a Layer 20 0 cece ce eee eens 201 12 Modifying the Profile a ESA 203 Protile Properties a ha ee ee he ee 5 i Be te ek Ee e e id en 203 Changing the Soil Profile Layer Structre ecards oide td eet Vie eet 204 Merging Layers and Erasing Layer Boundaries 0 00 205 Restore totali dia its dedo dato codo ee ee ee 206 SPONE aleteo aio ES a 207 Resize Laverde A on 208 Chaneine Properties of a Layef edir eri abr oe ae hola dee bea teh bed ends 209 substituting Material ina Layer svi ctuude AA eee ee ee eee wes 210 Editing Soil Hydrologic Properties 2 0 0 0 cc ee eee ene eens 210 Editing the sol Parameters i506 A AAA Whoo eee Owe kane as 210 Permanent Soil Hydrologic Parameters 0 0 0 ccc cc eee eens 211 Dependent Soil Parameters tess to se esos da 212 Transport Parametros 212 Editing Transport Parameters il ES AAA AA A 213 Permanent Soil Hydrologic Param
37. HELP model The Design Layer Permissions frame which does not show up for the rest of the models displays features which pertain to specific HELP material categories The custom thickness refers to the thickness of the layer and can be edited directly in the Material Designer or can be edited through Layer Properties Manufactured materials such as geomembrane liners have set thicknesses which can not be altered The interface allows setting Drainage parameters for Lateral Drainage and Geotextiles and Geonets layers in HELP The specific drainage parameters of the layer can be specified in layer properties while running the project Also in HELP the user can specify the initial moisture content of some layer categories If custom initial moisture content for the layer is checked the user can specify this parameter through the layer properties To add new material to the Material Designer use one of the existing material records In the Material Properties frame change the existing Chapter 2 General Features name to a unique name for the new material in the Name box Then enter a description of your new material in the Description box In the Material number box you can enter an index number For the HELP model material numbers 1 42 are used by the default materials New materials for the HELP model should begin at 43 For the remaining models numbering can begin at one This number is for filing purposes only and does not c
38. Make Copy the file will be copied to the current project set and you will be prompted to give it a distinguishing name 5 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 6 the project set you want to copy the file to Y 8 8 the project name that you wish to paste in the current project set 9 Click OK The project will appear in the new project set Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 67 Note You can copy more than one project at a time Use Paste All in the copy holder to paste all the copied projects into the current project set Repairing the Project Set 68 Because of data overflow or system failures the crashes of the WHI UnSat Suite projects may happen at times When you open the WHI UnSat Suite project set again the damaged project will be marked with the red bullet in the Project Tree View To repair the project set 1 Select the project set name in the Project Tree View 2 In Main menu open Settings and 3 Repair The red bullet will turn green You may continue working with your project after performing this operation Chapter 4 Working with Project Sets Part 2 The HELP Model AWHI UnSat Sure 2 1 EPA profile 1 Fille Wiew Project Profle Fun settings Output Window Help oecth BH o Oe Ff Y Project Manager Landfill E E Candil E EFA profiled i Fine Sar Coarse Low Der 04 Silty Clay Municipe Sand T Drainage Monthly totals for year 5 Ll i E AHH ES A Proc
39. Mean Daily Temperature _weather3 dat Daily Solar Radiation and _weather4 dat Evapotranspiration Parameters You have to format your data the same way as these files are formatted and replace the existing files Formatting the first three files is very simple 10 numbers in a row 37 rows for a year In summary convert your data into this format using any data editor Direct your files into the project directory and run UnSat Suite 127 128 Here are parts of the Precipitation and Temperature files for Cheyenne WY PRECIPITATION 2 1 Cheyenne WY 0 41 0 40 0 97 1 24 2 39 2 00 1 87 1 39 1 06 0 68 0 53 0 37 1 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 1 1 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 01 0 00 0 00 2 1 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 07 0 00 3 1 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 4 1 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 01 0 00 5 TEMPERATURE 2 1 Cheyenne WY 26 1 29 3 32 1 41 8 52 2 62 0 68 9 66 8 57 9 47 5 34 8 29 3 27 9 23 7 23 0 16 6 23 7 35 3 26 3 27 4 29 7 19 9 26 3 19 0 19 2 15 7 9 1 15 4 22 6 21 6 42 1 47 7 53 6 41 9 51 9 53 9 42 6 36 6 37 8 36 5 28 8 43 3 37 8 28 5 25 4 32 6 21 7 22 4 27 5 41 4 42 5 39 1 48 3 45 2 45 5 50 8 44 4 43 4 41 1 41 8 36 4 34 2 42 0 31 9 30 0 26 1 32 9 26 3 25 5 38 0 39 7 29 9 The first number 2 indicates the source of data you may leave it unchanged The second number 1 indicates the unit system which should be in accordance with the
40. Output Units setting of the Project In this case units are customary 1 customary 2 metric The third line contains location The fourth line contains precipitation monthly totals and temperature averages and the remaining lines contain daily values The first number in a row is a relative year the next ten are daily values the last number in a row is a number of the row within a year 37 rows for a year Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data A characteristic part of the Solar Radiation file is presented below SOLAR RADIATION 2 1 Cheyenne 41 15 1 212 9 221 2 250 5 128 6 183 6 178 2 226 3 202 7 242 2 170 4 1 175 6 188 0 86 0 239 2 229 9 170 7 118 1 55 7 181 1 268 6 1 252 7 1890 229 9 171 0 276 8 273 3 303 8 307 0 162 6 188 6 1 148 7 227 3 260 5 246 0 197 4 243 6 310 8 342 6 270 0 193 0 1 288 5 358 6 347 4 285 6 364 6 336 4 224 9 271 8 159 8 343 6 The only difference here is that in row four there is a latitude of the site instead of precipitation monthly totals or temperature averages In addition the following is a file containing evapotranspiration parameters EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 1 Cheyenne WY 41 15 138 273 2 5 12 12 9 52 54 50 51 The first two lines provide information about the unit system and location The third line contains numbers for Site latitude growing season start day growing season end day maximum leaf area index maximum evaporative zone depth in average annual wind speed mi hour a
41. The thickness of non resizable layers can only be changed by editing the layer parameters The thickness of resizable layers can be changed graphically or by editing layer parameters 87 88 To resize layers 1 Move the mouse arrow between two layers The cursor symbol will change New Cursor pi eh ache LA at Ee E KE KE EE 2 Click and drag the boundary to its new location 3 Type the correct elevation of the boundary in the Confirm Value dialogue box Confirm value x Enter correct value E B i Cancel Note This option changes the thickness of both layers above and below the boundary Other thicknesses are unchanged The result will not change the top or bottom elevation of the profile Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile Inserting Layers There are two methods of inserting a layer You can insert a layer in the Project Tree or in the Profile View In both cases the new layer will be added above the layer that you click To insert a layer in the Project Tree 1 lt right click gt on the layer in the Project Tree above which you want to insert the new layer 2 Insert Layer Delete Restore Insert Layer Properties 3 Specify the layer properties 4 OK To Insert a layer in the Profile View 1 lt right click gt on the layer in the Profile View above which you want to insert the new layer 2 Insert Layer json Layer elete Municipal Waste
42. Type Layers Please manually verify that this is set using the Layer Properties Dialog of Visual HELP Part 2 The HELP Model 13 74 Introduction Designing the Landfill Profile Profiles in Visual HELP Part 2 The HELP Model For the purpose of hydrological simulation a profile represents a part of a landfill that is assumed to have the same cross section throughout The profile contains all of the layers of the landfill that it represents It may also contain details of engineering components such as subsurface drainage leachate recirculation systems geomembranes geonets and composite liners The surface of the profile can be sloped which is typical for the peripheral parts of the landfill or flat which is typical for the central part of the landfill The slope of the landfill usually mimics the shape of the waste body At the time of landfill closure the waste layer at the periphery of the landfill is usually sloped and the entire landfill site is capped by several layers which form the landfill cap Although drainage pipes are not usually installed in the landfill cap permeable sand layers in the cap can transport water to the bottom drain or sump that surrounds the landfill This process can be simulated by UnSat Suite A typical landfill can be represented as a set of profiles This is done by creating several profiles in one project This is useful because it allows you to use one profile to simulate the middle of the
43. ad Che aa a cence 157 158 Under the Soil Parameters tab you can edit the properties of the layer material To edit a value of a property select units if necessary click in the Value box and type your changes The changes will be saved when you click OK J Edit properties Silt 1 General PESTAN Soil Parameters Parameter Comment Bulk Density g cm3 Mass of dry soil relative to bulk volume of soil Saturated Water Content vol vol The volume of water at saturation relative to the bulk volume of soil Characteristic Curve Coefficient vol vol A parameter of soil conductivity moisture content dependency Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity em hr Pefgeabilly under unit pressure gradient Dispersion Coefficient em2tday description Sorption Constant ml g The linear partition coefficient describing distribution of the pollutani Fraction Organic Content f g g Fraction of orgaic content of the soil Cancel Help The following is a list of changeable soil characteristics and a brief description of each Bulk Density The mass of dry soil relative to the bulk volume of soil Saturated Water Content The saturated water content of the soil is the volume of water at saturation relative to the volume of soil This parameter 1s equal or slightly less because of entrapped air than the soil s porosity Characteristic Curve Coefficient The parameter of the dependency of the relative conductivity of the soil to
44. adding a new record to the database To add a new record to the database 1 Click a representative meteo station from the database 2 Use the button in each Tab to copy the default values from the representative station Then Edit the input coefficients for your project location under the Project Precipitation Temperature and Evapotranspiration tabs 3 Click the Projects tab and Type the city name in the City box 4 Type the region abbreviation in the Region box 5 Add to Database Part 2 The HELP Model 121 A new record for your site will be added to the bottom of the list city Recon Latitude 3 Longitude Mean Tmax El ZARAGOZA SAR SPA 41 567 1 02 lal ZELTWEG AUST 472 14 75 E ZILINA CZEC 49 23 13 62 E ZINAA LO GERM 50 73 13 75 E zUGSFITZE GERM 47 42 10 98 a ZUID LIMBURG METH 50 92 SY El ZURICH SAT 47 55 oo E ZURICH SVT 47 45 8 53 Fe vageningen METH 51 99 5 03 4 The new record will inherit all of the unchanged properties of the parent record K y to save the new record Editing the Weather Generator Database 122 UnSat Suite allows you to edit database records Normally editing the precipitation temperature and evapotranspiration values as well as editing the generated data gives you enough flexibility to create a representative set of input weather data However if you are an experienced user of the Richardson and Wright s Weather Generator you may choose
45. ais De DE i TE EA BEER 517 083 Fim win 2 THE 4 i TAN 51718 AA Fha niji EE A i Thpir AT Pil aT HT Flim miisi im 1 1 414 yon Pi an Fia dig 174340 38 I Tah Dn r T dia Fi ca Eri Ek AA i aft a tet aw wot Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results Now you may specify the rest of the project settings and run the VS2DT model with accurate data for the flow upper boundary which was created with the HELP simulation Export from WHI UnSat Suite Prior to exporting data from an WHI UnSat Suite model ensure the appropriate input data is used with the model In this section exporting HELP and VS2DT results for use as input into Visual MODFLOW is described These two cases covers almost all available variants Export of Visual HELP data to Visual MODFLOW An essential input variable that can be effectively assessed by Visual HELP is groundwater recharge Visual HELP can produce this variable for daily monthly or annual intervals To help illustrate this feature a sample project using the settings from the Visual HELP Infiltration Lab can be used refer to the included lab To simplify matters only 10 years of simulated data is used as opposed to 100 years in the lab For demonstrating of the data export feature let us use monthly time intervals to approximate recharge with recharge rate units required by Visual MODFLOW be m day Both WHI UnSat Suite and Visual MODFLOW allow t
46. any time during the simulation To set the Contaminant Load Schedule the Contaminant Load Schedule group in the Project Tree View OR lt right click gt the Contaminant Load Schedule and click Edit Part 6 The SESOIL Model 271 212 The following SESOIL Annual Input group will appear mamm m al raras MA AA 1 cimi dy copes Pe rd iiaii Lagi el El IT A AAA l mel Pell Led ee gji d r m Beko pa pee Tea Pair Pa mam iLe T pU am Pek ae AAA r ae h g Pad Lee Fed gra eee y Y al ok pu Pu J Id arre cli ae ee DEE ERRE a ma a oda m ns A cl e a a eed ip mn e per e A D kbri m ef piir os i E i Mr mpi oe kpr u Fg EE m u ae 1 F A He E i E i ba ad o amam n Mare pri zir ani O hie mu A piap oe EFTE iil A E A Bete eel de ull niria r Ge ie E pu herre piar erir e Phara ma ee phap ra ipie a E A TEELE AA EEN p H e hpa e l ada i ria el Bs ir ri miam rr li a DO ERNE a ra a a I l 1 j l I Sikis rhn ni tab E A T EA l a In this table you may specify contaminant sources sinks for any layer for each month of the simulation By default the input template for year 1 is opened The following contaminant sources sinks may be specified Pollutant Load Pollutant Transformation Pollutant Removal Ligand Input Volatilization Index Monthly pollutant load in the top sublayer e g leaking storage tank or pesticide a
47. appear in the Material drop down list box 2 Select a new soil material from the Material list 3 Assign a unique name to the new layer and enter a descriptive comment 4 Click the Soil Parameters tab and edit the soil parameter values if necessary 5 Click OK Editing Soil Properties Open the Profile Material Properties dialogue box using one of the methods described in the previous section the Soil Parameters tab The following dialog box will appear ge os Esa gierka eked ges A Ta Sal rra Parra Eh aa Dira e aire ld Qe g rr ra a aan A EH Dian camber conan in fe coal in perce id em fie ig lada ia o rara DET hn echara canary of eaten FF The following soil parameters can be modified Dry Bulk Density Dry bulk soil density Intrinsic Permeability Intrinsic soil permeability cm2 which can be converted to saturated hydraulic conductivity cm sec by multiplying by 1 0 E 5 Disconnectedness Index Soil Disconnectedness Index Effective Porosity Volume of voids minus residual saturation 213 Fraction Organic Content Soil organic carbon content in percent of dry matter weight Setting Layer Structure of the Profile 276 Although SESOIL is based on one homogeneous material it may be separated into 2 3 or 4 layers of different thicknesses Layers are used to set different transport parameters and pollutant loads within the profile As designed by the code developers the user m
48. can edit the mean monthly precipitations and temperatures for the selected database city to adjust the values for your project site Monthly precipitations and temperatures are the input parameters for weather generation Note If you edit parameters here your changes will be effective for only one run of Weather Generator If you wish your changes to become permanent add the edited weather station to the database with a new name See Adding a Record to the Weather Generator Database on page 121 for details Evapotranspiration Tab Under this tab you can edit default evapotranspiration parameters for the selected database city to adjust the values to your project site These values are not the input for the Weather Generator but they are used by the HELP model for calculating daily evaporation from leaves transpiration and evaporation from soil Database Tab Under this tab you can view and edit the Weather Generator database containing parameters for synthetic weather generation Selecting the Nearest Location to Generate Weather Data There are over 7000 locations for synthetic weather generation data which are stored in the regional databases Within the project you may work with only one regional database The weather stations are listed in alphabetical order in the listbox in the bottom left corner of the Weather Generator dialog box With the original HELP database US and Canada synthetic weather data can be gener
49. close the Weather Generator 4 Open the Climate Annual Input table 5 amp the drop down arrow in the Import drop down list box and select Use simulated values from the list that appears Monthly Mean Air Temperature Total Monthly Precipitation and Number of Storms for the specified weather station will appear in the appropriate rows of the Climate Annual Input table Next you have to manually input the five remaining monthly parameter values except Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate OK when completed Import synthetically generated weather data and evapotranspiration from the HELP model Part 6 The SESOIL Model This option requires you to use an additional WHI UnSat Suite model HELP However this option will produce the most complete weather data for the entire length of the SESOIL simulation To use this option 1 Create a Visual HELP project representing the unsaturated zone profile of your site see Chapters 2 5 and the Visual HELP Infiltration Lab exercise Create a unit template with months units for time Select this unit template for the model output 2 Start the Weather Generator in the HELP model Specify the Evapotranspiration parameter and run the Weather Generator for N 1 years where N is the specified SESOIL simulation length 3 Run the HELP model for your site conditions Open the output and export Evapotranspiration using the internal Unsat Suite format see Chapter 17 Internal Data Transfer b
50. databases were compared with observed weather data for twelve sites around the world The analysis revealed that the new weather databases could be successfully used to synthesize reliable weather data Mean monthly temperature was consistently accurate within 3 degrees Fahrenheit Mean monthly precipitation was consistently accurate within 0 3 inches For successful use of the HELP model solar radiation coefficients and evapotranspiration parameters are required This data was not available from the NOAA GDS disk To fill this information gap parameters were extracted from different sources The World Survey of Climatology U N Food and Agriculture Organization Agroclimatological Data Series or extrapolated from the US territory using the Koppen world climate zoning scheme for determining regions with similar climate The values of evapotranspiration parameters were specified for all weather stations stored in the global Weather Generator database If your landfill site is not located in our database we recommend that you choose the closest city to your site and use the generated data for that Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data location for your simulations UnSat Suite will search for the closest location of a given set of co ordinates This co ordinate set can be entered as actual values or interactively with a map If you are not simulating a landfill found in the database you can easily import your own set of real weather data You
51. distribution model 99 unit templates 23 units 23 UnSat Suite profiles 28 US states 104 USSR former 104 vapor boundaries 232 vegetation class 82 vegetation growth 99 vertical percolation layers 77 82 View icon 16 View menu item 14 view original files 217 View Original Listing 50 view output graphs 51 163 218 242 281 View Profile icon 15 view tables 55 168 223 246 view weather data 115 Viewing Visual HELP Tables 139 Visual Groundwater 8 visual HELP model run 134 Visual HELP Tables 139 Visual MODFLOW 7 VS2DT conventions 188 Index Washload Settings 265 waste application schedule 151 water initial condition 200 solubility 235 269 water content saturated 158 VLEACH 239 Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc How to Contact WHI 6 weather generator 99 144 weighted hydr cond 181 wilting point 83 Window menu item 15 Working over a Local Area Network 65 world weather generator database 100 Zoom In icon 16 Zoom Out icon 16 Index 335
52. for head Choices include Center in Space or Backward in Space Closure criteria for the iterative solution of the flow equation units used for head Choices include Center in Time or Backward in Time We recommend to set this parameter to Backward in Time to avoid numeric oscillations However the solution will be less accurate than if Center in Time is used Maximum allowed number of time steps for the simulation For further explanations of the parameters see the attached manual extract for the original VS2D T model in the appendices of this manual Evapotranspiration Parameters Part 4 The VS2DT Model Evapotranspiration ET is the combination of evaporation and transpiration There are four possibilities for simulating evapotranspiration The user can select No evapotranspiration Evaporation and transpiration Evaporation only or Transpiration 183 only With the No evapotranspiration option no parameters need to be set in the evapotranspiration section Both evaporation and evapotranspiration are two stage processes The first stage of the evaporation process begins with a wet soil surface Liquid is leaving the soil system at a rate which is equal to the evaporative demand of the atmosphere This continues until stage two In stage two the water supply to the surface 1s insufficient to satisfy the demand of the atmosphere and the surface dries out The Potential Evaporation Rate the Surface Resistance to Evaporation
53. for risk assessment studies which require multi variant simulations UnSat Suite allows to quickly prepare run and interpret VLEACH simulation by use of graphical tools VLEACH 1s also equipped with a 229 230 limited database of soil materials and volatile organic contaminants It is planned that in the next release of the UnSat Suite the database for several hundred of existing volatile organic contaminants will become available It is also planned to develop a new feature which will allow running VLEACH for multiple polygons and integrate results for assessment of overall area weighted groundwater impact for the entire area of the site Introduction 13 Input Specification Specifying the Case Settings The case settings section contains parameters which affect the entire profile To open the Case Settings parameter group 1 the Case Settings 2 Or lt right click gt the Case Settings 3 Click Edit TE Mijl Cana kainga iiai Y es de HL mnm iF E M4 8 T ft ruin Legh 11000 paa Va behead res gis al criada r pa Cah limia ri AA A Pre tt cod P Lira e a di al dr de rd re gt Concerto n Mecha tar OOE r lia Core Coro a ec al LT UL ra The corri orcas Pp arc above fe poe an rs haia a z nite my he cara ee tar e ams el ed na Dir Tasa LEE mm a ete eo A AA O pal e ja el The following parameters can be edited in the Case Settings parameter group Simulation Length The total time
54. if required may be executed in the same manner To explain the technology the project case from the SESOIL Demo Lab is used To export data from SESOIL the following steps need to be executed 1 Open the SESOIL output with the desired Visual MODFLOW time units 11 Select variables to export and combine data if monthly data is desired 111 Export the data Open the SESOIL output with the desired Visual MODFLOW time units Both WHI UnSat Suite and Visual MODFLOW allow the user to select from a number of different time scales However the Visual MODFLOW allows you to select the units for recharge rate separately while the WHI Suite uses consistent units for time and length for all output results As such you must be careful to choose your recharge rate in Visual MODFLOW such that the units of length in the numerator and the units of time in the denominator e g m day are the same as the units of length and time in the SESOIL model For example if the SESOIL model length units are m and time units are days you must select in Visual MODFLOW m day units for recharge However if existing units of SESOIL model do not allow you to select appropriate Visual MODFLOW recharge units you have to change units in the SESOIL model Note There is no need to change units in SESOIL if your project utilizes the default Customary or Metric unit templates for the output The Customary template uses feet units for len
55. length of simulation Cell Number The number of cells within the profile Recharge Rate The rate at which water enters and flows through the vadose zone Part 5 The VLEACH Model 231 Concentration in Recharge Water The contaminant concentration in the recharge water Upper Boundary for Vapor The contaminant concentration in the atmosphere above the soil surface Lower Boundary for Vapor The contaminant concentration in the groundwater at the base of the root zone Output Time Step The time step at which simulation results are to be presented Simulation Time Step The length of the simulation time step Smaller Simulation Time Steps allow the model to more accurately determine the calculated results Specifying the Contaminant Setting Initial Conditions 232 VLEACH allows you to specify the initial pollutant concentration in the soil within a single cell or a set of cells To set initial contaminant concentration lt right click gt on Initial Conditions in the Project Tree Edit Or on Initial Conditions in the Project Tree Enter the value of the Start Depth and End Depth for the first layer with uniform initial contaminant concentration Change the units for Initial Contaminant Concentration if necessary and enter the value of concentration for the layer Chapter 13 Input Specification Part 5 The VLEACH Model Add to add additional depth increments By default the program w
56. monthly precipitation cm Mean Storm Duration Mean monthly duration of storm event days Number of Storms Mean monthly number of storm events Length of Rainy Season Length of rainy season for each month of the year days For most regions this parameter should be set to 30 4 which means that rain may occur any day within the month The SESOIL model applies certain relationships between climate parameters The parameters Mean Air Temperature Mean Monthly Cloud Cover Mean Monthly Relative Humidity and Short Wave Albedo are used only to simulate Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate This calculated rate is used by the model only if the Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate is equal to zero Basing on the SESOIL code requirements WHI has developed a technology that allows the user to easily set site specific climate data the The WHI UnSat Suite provides four options to input climate data in SESOIL 1 input data manually 2 input data from the Weather Generator database 3 input weather data synthetically generated in SESOIL 4 import synthetically generated weather data and evapotranspi ration from HELP 259 Each option requires a series of different steps that ultimately produces a set of climate data Below you will find a description of the four options Inputting climate data manually Using this option the user must know all the required climate parameter values To input the data you must learn how to work
57. more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Result Window 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 To clear Result window Output from the top menu bar Clear Display Results the Result View window will clear Contaminant Mass Distribution the arrow in the Select Specified Depth Annual Summary Result at drop down listbox The list of available sub categories will appear Hydrologic Cucle Components Washload Cycle Components Pollutant Mass Input Mass Distribution Pollutant Concentration Maxinurn Pollutant Depth Average Concentration in Ground ater Mass Distribution the icon to the right of the Select Depth Annual Summary Result at box The list of profile layers will appear in the window below 285 Se5oll Model Qutput 3 27 00 2 45 56 Phi Been Sy Specified Time Concentration Bees Mia Specitied Depth Monthly Output E Es algal ws an Summary E as es E Layer 2 i Layer 3 fl Layer 4 Now you may study contaminant balance presented for each layer and sub layer Let for example study the contaminant distribution close to the groundwater level in case you have all allowed layers and sublayers this refers to Layer 4 Subla
58. must modify the format of your data so that 1t meets the standards of UnSat Suite The required format 1s described further in this chapter If you are in Canada you can automatically import data in the format of the Canadian Climate Centre In addition our customers from the U S A may automatically import data in the NOAA format UnSat Suite checks NOAA files for missing daily and monthly records and informs you about the times for which data are missing to make the correction process easy Starting the Weather Generator Part 2 The HELP Model l To start the Weather Generator click the icon from the Operational Tool bar or from the Run menu click Weather Generator After an introductory splash screen 1s displayed the Weather Generator dialogue box will appear Pi Weather Generator HELP Al E3 File Run Wiew Help roject Location Region Latitude Longitude City kitchener fon 43 461 50 492 Add to Database epresentative Meteo Station city Region Latitude Longitude Buffalo y E 78 56 imulation Length Number of ears fo Search Database By Location ecc Region EN Burlington WT OR ME By Region recipitation nits Cedar City E Central Park charleston Historical imperial f Synthetic fe METE 101 Getting Around 102 35 E ala In this dialogue box you can input and edit data that will be used to generate the
59. new times from the Select Specified Time Result at and check the same variables you will get a warning if you choose different variables The Result View will show profile distribution of the variable for different times 220 Chapter 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 4 The VS2DT Model If you wish to view output for other variables click the corresponding check box The warning will be posted 1f the new and previous variables are measured in different units atra it rete for the res dala ane ler from rot ones Eating data sal be cleared Contrate CE If you want to view both variables you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method If you want to see outputs for more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Result Window 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 All the methods described for the Specified Time output v
60. of SESOIL data to Visual MODFLOW The SESOIL model can be effectively used for assessment of both groundwater recharge and contaminant inflow concentration at the groundwater surface As it is known SESOIL is not the only model within the WHI UnSat Suite which may be used for this purpose Particularly Visual HELP with its well developed routine for simulation of soil atmospheric boundary processes may produce the most reliable Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 315 assessments of groundwater recharge In 1ts turn VS2DT which utilizes the Richard s equation for moisture transport and enables simulating variety of chemical processes may produce a very reliable estimate of contaminant inflow at the groundwater surface However SESOIL allows assessment of both variables within the same model in a most efficient and well information balanced way Taking into account the quality of the input data commonly available we would recommend using SESOIL in conjunction with the Weather Generator for assessment of the recharge and contaminant inflow at the groundwater surface in majority of cases In addition the capability of SESOIL to simulate hydrolysis and metal complexation makes it the only tool in some specific cases This section explains how to convert SESOIL results for groundwater recharge and contaminant inflow concentration into the required format and export to Visual MODFLOW or to other program Export of other variables
61. of contaminants with An USGS unsaturated zone model unsaturated water flow and its based on solution of Richard s transformation in wadose zone equation Back Next gt Eimer Cancel Help The Model list will automatically display the correct model to use Next gt Location If you selected the HELP or SESOIL models the wizard will prompt you for the location of your site Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 19 l New Project Here you can specify the initial Location of pour project This information will be used in Weather Generator Kichener ON G Locations lt Back Next gt Bimer Cancel Heli The location determines the amount of solar radiation at the project site If you did not select HELP or SESOIL this section will automatically be omitted Select the location of your project from the Location list or to choose a location that is not on the list click Locations The Location Settings dialog box will appear Location Settings Locations me Mame Kitchener ON Reference poin 80 492 Modify Longitude Description Municipal Landfill 2035 Erb street Latitude 43 46 Delete West Area fi Map Jus and Canada GP Select Location Type the name and a description of your problem in the appropriate boxes Also type the surface area in the Area box The area will be measured in hectares if you are using the metric unit system and acres if yo
62. parameters e g types and values of boundary conditions observation times Materials in Profile Two types of materials can exist in a profile Chemical in PESTAN and VLEACH this is a specific agricultural or industrial pollutant distributed within the profile and characterized with 1ts specific transport parameters Layer Material this can be a natural soil or rock all models or artificial materials in HELP e g geomembranes geonets Layer materials has specified location within the profile and are characterized with top bottom elevation thickness and specific material parameters Observation Points Observation Point this is a depth at which a detail output 1s required In future releases of UnSat Suite the observation points will have an interface to compare observed and simulated variables to calibrate the model Chapter 3 Common Tools Indicators of the Object s Status UnSat Suite has symbols used throughout the program to denote changes in the profiles The picture below illustrates these symbols Project Manager HELPn El Er HELPr al EPA profile a E HELP Case Settings F HELP Surface Water Settings E Fine Sandy Loam TJE Coarse Sand Low Density Polyethylene Silty Clay E EE ce a KE Sandy Clay Loam In the above diagram a parameter or parameters of the Silty Clay layer and the Surface Water Settings group were edited The red triangles indicate the changes The green dots are all the u
63. profile which you wish to simulate may have a highly permeable material of Vertical Percolation or Lateral Drainage material category at the bottom In this case we recommend you to split the bottom layer into two and do a formal change with the lower part 5 10 cm thick specify it as a Barrier Soil Liner remaining parameters the same as for the upper part From hydraulic point of view the new profile is the same as the original one However the formal rule of HELP code will be satisfied and result of simulation will be more accurate Part 2 The HELP Model 71 Layering Rules Although UnSat Suite allows a wide range of layer combinations there are some basic rules for arranging layers in profiles These rules are summarized in the following table Forbidden combinations combinations Maximum number of Can it bea Layer Type Above it Below it Between layers in profile I Vertical Percolation I and V cannot MS be above I Layer a P ieee a O below II Layer HI Barrier Soil III cannot be II cannot be III cannot be L above another below another between a IV Ayer HI Il and another IV TV Geomembrane IV cannot be TV cannot be TV cannot be aa dd as el between a IIT and another III V Geotextiles and I cannot be below V Geonets Visual HELP will warn you if you try to delete or insert a layer incorrectly Liner Note If two Lateral Drainage or Geomembrane layers are adjacent the drainage parameter
64. rea characterized by specific profile Slope H of defects per unit area in result of geomembrane installation the product of saturated hydraulic conductivity and thickness c moisture content of a unit soil volume specific values of full sat Units for coefficients of hydrodynamic dispersion and molecula Length The coefficient of ditribution of the pollutant between the solid The coefficient used in the first order decay or degradation ma The amount of chemical per unit volume of solution Mo units at all Change in water content under the unit pressure change due ti Time A measure of the amount of matter Root Acti The mass of chemical entering the soil or passing the node in Surface resistance for evaporation Ratio of the part to the whole The amount of exchangeable cations per unit mass of soll Flux Recharge Rate Hydraulic Conductivity Subsurface Infloy The amount of chemical per unit mass of soil F Refrezh Done Chapter 2 General Features Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface In unit templates all units used in UnSat Suite are grouped into Unit Types One unit type may include units for several types of parameters For instance parameters Flux VS2DT Recharge Rate PESTAN LEACH Hydraulic Conductivity all models and Subsurface Inflow HELP all use the same units length divided by time All these parameter s units are grouped into the category Flow Velocity To view available units for specific unit type click in th
65. results of the import procedure lrilcomabeon Click OK The recently imported Precipitation and Temperature files as well as the parameters for the weather station noted in the Representative Meteo Station text box will be used to generate a Solar Radiation file If by your opinion this station does not represent your site adequately select another station The evapotranspiration coefficients for this station will be also used for the HELP simulation To generate a Solar Radiation file under Run menu of the Weather Generator window select Solar Radiation s in the Weather Generator to save changes Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Rg to close the Weather Generator Customizing Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model There are two ways to customize weather data in UnSat Suite If you have your own daily data for precipitation mean temperature and solar radiation you may convert them into the UnSat Suite format and run your model To locate your project in your machine 1 Run the project with data generated for one of the available locations by Weather Generator 2 Output 3 Original Listing The standard listing used by the DOS version of the HELP model will open Just below the title block will be a list of weather files They will be described by drive folder s and project name They will end in one of the four following subscripts _weather1 dat Daily Precipitation _weather2 dat
66. right click gt the Case Settings 3 Click Edit 4 Type in the new value for the appropriate characteristic in 1ts Value box 5 Adjust the units in the Units list 6 Click OK The following parameters can be edited using the methods discussed above Recharge Infiltration rate of water entering the soil Simulation Length The total time length of simulation Part 3 The PESTAN Model 149 Editing Sorption Constant Sorption Constant is a qualitative parameter The selection made for this parameter affects data requirements of other parameter groups The sorption constant 1s the linear partition coefficient which describes the relative distribution of the pollutant between the solid phase and the dissolved phase in water It is a function of the fraction of organic content of the soil and can be estimated as the product of the fraction organic content characteristic of soil and the organic carbon partition coefficient of the pollutant characteristic of pollutant The faction organic content and the organic carbon partition coefficient of the pollutant are much more accessible parameters than the sorption constant However PESTAN requires just the value of the sorption constant The UnSat Suite allows the user to input this value either directly or to input values for its more available components To select the way of inputting the sorption constant in Case Settings click in the Value column beside it Click either Cal
67. selected output graphs and tables Output Results May be Used by another Model or Exported You may easily transfer data between the WHI UnSat Suite models as well as export model data for use with other applications e g export groundwater recharge assessed by Visual HELP to Visual MODFLOW File Management is Flexible Files are grouped in project sets and can be stored as well as edited or viewed by other users through a network connection If after reading this manual and using your software you would like to contact Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc with comments suggestions or if you need technical assistance with your software installation you can reach us at Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc 460 Phillip Street Suite 101 Waterloo Ontario CANADA N2L 5J2 Phone 1 519 746 1798 Fax 1 519 885 5262 Email techsupport waterloohydrogeologic com Web www waterloohydrogeologic com Introduction Software Maintenance and Technical Support Waterloo Hydrogeologic s Annual Maintenance Contracts are designed to reduce the amount of time and effort required to keep your modeling software up to date With automatic reminders of updates and upgrades users will never have to wonder if their software is out dated Additionally with unlimited technical support available during the term of the Maintenance Contract software users can obtain rapid resolution to all of their software issues Annual Maintenance Benefits e Free M
68. solar radiation However you may want to edit the input coefficients to suit them to your local conditions Precipitation and Temperature UnSat Suite allows you to edit commonly available data which 1s used as input parameters for weather generation Part 2 The HELP Model 111 To edit the monthly average precipitation and temperature values used for synthetic weather generation click the Precipitation Temperature tab Default for DEELEN METH reciptation mm User Defaut clear lt lt Temperature t C Default t User Clear January February March April hay June July August september October Movember Movember December December e a4 under Default The default values will be copied to the User column where they can be edited Click the Clear button to erase the values in the User column Values in the User column will be used for calculations If a value is missing from the User column the default values will be used Note If you edit parameters here your changes will be effective for only one run of Weather Generator If you wish your changes become permanent add the edited weather station to the database with a new name Evapotranspiration The HELP model uses a complicated multilevel procedure to calculate different types of evaporation and evapotranspiration The subroutines of this model allow calculation of evaporati
69. structured according to the widely used USDA SCS classification scheme into the material groups categories For the HELP model all materials are grouped according to the functional categories of landfill materials Within each category the user may add an unlimited number of soil records The following chart illustrates the components of the 12 main material categories for the VS2DT SESOIL PESTAN and VLEACH models yellow color Between 85 100 sand under 10 clay under 15 silt Between 70 90 sand under 15 Loamy Sand clay under 30 silt Between 42 85 sand under 20 Sandy Loam clay under 50 silt Between 45 80 sand between Sandy Clay Loam 20 35 clay under 27 silt Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 33 34 green color Under 20 sand under 10 clay 77 Silt between 80 100 silt Under 50 sand under 28 clay Silt Loam between 50 90 silt Between 20 45 sand between Clay Loam 28 40 clay between 15 52 silt Between 22 53 sand between 9 Loam 28 clay between 27 50 silt Under 20 sand between 28 40 Silty Clay Loam clay between 40 72 silt Between 45 65 sand between Sandy Clay 35 55 clay under 20 silt Under 20 sand between 40 60 Silty Clay clay between 40 60 silt Under 45 sand between 40 Clay 100 clay under 40 silt The soils were composed of silt 2 50 Um clay lt 2 Um and sand gt 50 um The view of the Material Designer dialog box differs for the
70. subsequently used as input into other model can substantially improve the quality of the ultimate model output For example VS2DT utilizes the constant or step wise flux or head condition at the upper boundary Commonly it is hard for a practician to schematize existing information about soil boundary events in this form and prepare detailed input information describing transient processes HELP on the other hand has a nicely developed routine for estimating surface and subsurface water flows including infiltration and groundwater recharge Import of the infiltration evapotranspiration values determined by HELP and their use as the upper flow boundary condition in VS2DT strongly improves the reliability of results obtained with VS2DT Export from WHI UnSat Suite Results obtained from one or more WHI UnSat Suite models can be exported from the Suite and used by other applications For example results exported from HELP SESOIL and VS2DT models can be used as recharge rates and surfucial pollutant loads for Visual MODFLOW model However some users might wish to export WHI UnSat Suite simulation results and import them into post processing spreadsheet programs e g MS EXCEL All of the functions described above are now available with WHI UnSat Suite Internal Data Transfer between WHI UnSat Suite Models HELP and VS2DT models have certain advanced features that increase accuracy and reliability of unsaturated zone simulation results w
71. surface Nonuniform Under each soil s Initial Value of Moisture Content Value of moisture content Nonuniform Under each soil s Initial Value of Pressure Head Value of pressure head for Initial Conditions Chemical Initial Conditions Chemical is the chemical concentration at the beginning of the simulation Options include Uniform Concentration Nonuniform Concentration Part 4 The VS2DT Model 179 The following chart lists the active parameters associated with each selection and where the active parameter s are located Selection Location of Active Active Parameter Parameter Uniform Profile Initial Conditions Value of Initial Concentration Value of initial uniform Concentration concentration through profile Nonuniform Under each soil s Initial Value of Concentration Value of chemical concentration Concentration Conditions Parameters for the layer at the beginning of simulation Maximum Simulation Time The maximum simulation time determines the length of simulation but does not activate any additional parameters regardless of the value inputted Max Simulation Time Maximum length of simulation Evapotranspiration The number of parameters required to be inputted by the user is dependent on the selected evapotranspiration setting In addition the parameters can be altered at different time steps to simulate different rates of evapotranspiration during different states in the simulation Eva
72. the relative saturation under steady state conditions in Campbell s equation May vary from 4 for sand to 12 for clay Saturated Hydraulic ConductivityPermeability of saturated soil under a unit pressure gradient Dispersion Coefficient Coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion Sorption Constant Describes the ratio of the pollutant that is sorbed to the solid phase to the portion that is dissolved in water The higher the value of the partition coefficient the greater the sorption to the solid phase Fraction Organic Content Fraction of organic content in the soil expressed as a percent Note Depending on your selections in the Case Settings group either Chapter 8 Input Specification Sorption Constant or Fraction Organic Content will appear in Soil Parameters group For more explanation on soil parameters see PESTAN original manual extract in the appendices Observation Point UnSat Suite allows you to view output at 100 different depths with a constant depth step within the profile However you may want to view results at a specific depth which may not coincide with one of the default depths This need particularly increases when you are using data obtained from a probe set at specific depth for site model calibration For this purpose you may set an observation point to measure the pesticide concentration at any depth in the profile Only one observation point is allowed in PESTAN Adding Observation Points Please N
73. the Industrial Research Adaptation Program 28557U which is greatly appreciated In particular the development team wishes to thank the Industrial Technology Advisor Dr Ernie Davison for his support 10 Introduction Installation and Start Up System Requirements To run WHI UnSat Suite you will need the following minimum system configuration e Pentium II based computer e 32 MB RAM 128 MB recommended e CD ROM drive for software installation e A hard drive with at least 0 Mb of free space e Windows 98 Windows NT SP4 Windows 2000 Windows XP The following fonts should be installed on your computer MS Sans Serif Arial Times New Roman and Courier New Installing WHI UnSat Suite 2 2 from the CD Rom A PDF file of the WHI UnSat Suite Users Manual and extracts from the original tutorial guides for the WHI UnSat Suite models are included on the Installation CD ROM in the Manual subfolder If you do not already have Acrobat Reader simply select the Get Acrobat Reader link found in the opening screen Please follow the steps below to install your software from the CD ROM 1 Ilfapplicable log in as the Local Administrator of your computer or as a user with Local Power User rights 2 Insert the program CD into your CD ROM drive to initiate the CD Navigator If the navigator does not automatically open the Product Installation screen explore the CD ROM drive and double click on the Install32 exe file
74. the Material list 3 Give the new layer a unique name and write a descriptive comment 4 Click the Soil Parameters tab and edit the values for soil parameters if necessary 5 Click OK Editing Soil Properties Open the Profile Material Properties dialogue box using one of the methods described in the previous section the Soil Parameters tab 238 Chapter 13 Input Specification Part 5 The VLEACH Model Bd der pd ee el 01400 rod Paid al ad ac esther fhe cod ad pobre tam mad Da AA a ia al iF 45 Feit paras border fd che iol aia 0 ee a E The following are the changeable soil parameters Bulk Density Bulk density of dry soil Effective Porosity The rate of void space within the soil that is potentially fillable with water The effective porosity equals total porosity minus irreducible water content Since Por Piot WC and Pare cannot be larger than Po obviously therefore WC must be less than or equal to Parr Water Content The volumetric water content of the soil Fraction Organic Content Fraction organic content of the soil You have two options for entering the F O C The default units are meaning that the value you have typed is a true percentage Therefore if you have 1 organics type a value of 1 in this field and use the units The program will then convert this value into a decimal value If you use the part of unit option for units you would enter a decimal valu
75. the Protlle Material 9 tore AAA A ao 274 Setting Layer Structure of the Profile o o o ooooooooooooor ooo 276 Seuns Groundwater Paramete S 4 452 A A A eee aes 211 19 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting 279 Running the SE SOM Modele stars dd o da 279 Viewing Original DOS SESOIL Output 0 0 0 0 00 eee nes 279 Viewime the Output Graphs 4 146 063 oye hit ets Chote U eta het ti 281 Specified Depth Annual Summary 0 0 cc nett eens 282 Viewing Specified Depth Monthly Output 0 0 0 0 ee eee 289 Specitied Time Concentration eo e tative bodes a Decks Hoe hake ae BE 291 Preparine a REDO aida beak ace ae ed ide 294 Export and Internal Transfer of Simulation Results 297 20 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results 299 Internal Data Transfer between WHI UnSat Suite Models ooooooommmo o o 299 Export trom WHI UnSat Suite a iria LA ias 309 Export of Visual HELP data to Visual MODFLOW ooooooocoooococococoonoano oo 309 Export of SESOIL data to Visual MODFLOW 0 0 ccc o 315 Export of VS2DT data to Visual MODFLOW 0 0 cc eee 327 Export of VS2DT data to Visual MODFLOW for multiple species 329 Contents 7 Contents Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Introduction The WHI UnSat Suite combines models HELP PESTAN SESOIL VLEACH and VS2DT in powerful new graphical en
76. the Value box type the new value 4 Click the units from the Units list 5 Click OK Runoff Area You are always able to change the percentage of the profile s surface area that has runoff Vegetation Class Choose the surface vegetation from this list Vegetation has a significant effect on the runoff pattern You can click one of the following e Bare Soil e Poor Stand of Grass e Fair Stand of Grass e Good Stand of Grass e Excellent Stand of Grass Initial Surface Water Initial amount of water at the soil surface in form of snow or ice Editing Landfill Layers and Modifying the Profile 82 As it was described at the beginning of the chapter all layers in Visual HELP are identified by the hydraulic function that they perform The following design layer categories are available Vertical Percolation Layer ae Usually this is a topsoil suitable for vegetative growth or a waste layer The primary purpose of a vertical percolation layer is to provide moisture storage Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile Layer Properties Part 2 The HELP Model as Lateral Drainage Layer Usually this is a material with moderate to high permeability e g sand or gravel that is underlaid by a liner with a lateral drainage collection and removal system The primary purpose of a lateral drainage layer is to transport water towards the drainage pipe Barrier Soil Liner Usually this is a soil with low p
77. the Weather Generator to save changes y to close the Weather Generator Importing Weather Data in NOAA format In addition to import weather files in Canadian Climate Centre format you may check and import precipitation and temperature data in common NOAA format Sample files NOAA_PRC TXT NOAA_TMAX TXT and NOAA_TMIN TXT are located in the Weather Import subfolder in your WHI UnSat Site Visual HELP folder To import data in NOAA format From the File menu of Weather Generator click Import Type the name of the location in the City box and the abbreviated name of the region or province in the Region box In the Input Format frame select NOAA tape To import precipitation data from a file type the file name in the Precipitation box or click Browse to browse for the file Use the same 124 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data procedure to import Minimum Temperature and Maximum Temperature data FA Import Data de o Pe Wlinneben abet DIESE M PrE roarnonn anoen Prerna moe Prene os Click OK UnSat Suite Visual HELP will start checking input files The users who have been using NOAA files for a long time report multiple missing daily records and sometimes missing monthly records UnSat Suite Visual HELP will correct missing daily records the following way e missing daily precipitation records will be filled with O values e missing minimum or maximum temperature records will be filled with the av
78. the object with the right mouse button and then click the desired function with the right mouse button Chapter 3 Common Tools Customizing the Case Settings and a Regular Parameter Group Case Settings group 1s used to set the major functions of the model and characteristics of the simulated case Choices made by the user here may determine content of some other profile and layer parameter groups or even make them to appear or disappear The way to customize the case settings is shown using this group for the default VS2DT profile J Edit Parameters l ES Case Settings Parameter Transport Simulation No adsorption or ion exchange Logical Variable to choose if solute ti van Genuchten Logical Variable to choose specific Equilibrium Profile Uniform Pressure Head PHAD B 4 Uniform Concentration Concentration of chemical at the bec suseuseeessesesesevvevevsssvesssusssususususcsususseusuuseuesusveusususesey 365 0 days Maximum length of simulation DOS Evaporation and transpiration Combined list variable to choose eve Soil Hydraulic Function Initial Conditions Water Initial Conditions Chemical Max Simulation Time Evapotranspiration The Case Settings dialog box contains four fields Parameters Value Units and Comment From the six parameters shown five have qualitative values and only Max Simulation Time has a quantitative value However the value for all para
79. to Clipboard Save As Print Properties 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report Part 2 The HELP Model 143 144 A graph may appear a size smaller than the original To view the graph of desired size click the graph in the Report window and stretch it until it reaches proper size A table may be longer than the Report window allows In this case the table will be automatically wrapped Add necessary graphs and tables in the report and write your comments You may insert a header and footer into your report Apply different fonts and styles while working in the Report window To utilize these and other options make corresponding selections from the top menu After you are done you may print the report or save it Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 3 The PESTAN Model 146 Introduction Part 3 The PESTAN Model PESTAN is a popular US EPA model for evaluating the environmental impacts of potential non point agricultural sources of groundwater contamination It simulates the 1 D vertical transport of organic pollutants commonly pesticides through homogeneous soil to groundwater The model is based on a close form analytical solution of the advection dispersive reactive transport equation The model was developed for initial screening assessments to evaluate the potential for groundwater contamination of already registered pesticides and those submitted
80. to a variety of soil types and land management practices The curve number method was developed using rainfall runoff data for intensive storms on small watersheds The curve number CN 1s defined with respect to the runoff retention parameter S which is a measure of the maximum retention of rainwater after runoff starts in inches CN 1000 S 10 The maximum value of CN which is 100 occurs when there is no infiltration The smaller CN is the more rainwater will infiltrate into soil The minimum realistic value for CN can be assumed to be approximately equal to 50 UnSat Suite uses different procedures to adjust the value of CN to surface slope soil texture and vegetation class The model will calculate the CN for all runoff selections except for User Specified and User Modified Selecting one of these allows you to enter your own CN number Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile There are three options available Model Calculated which is the default User Specified and User Modified Clicking anyone of these will determine what parameters will need to be specified further The following chart summarizes the parameters that become active after clicking an option Selection Location of New New Parameter hala OO rnme Model Surface Water Runoff Area Percentage of surface area with runoff Calculated Settings Vegetation Class Class of vegetation cover User Surface Water Runoff Area Percentage of surface
81. to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window AAA E E La dae dd a T E Pa ar La ll E Lad dae col Mar a Y T Pacos a ra Sai Laa 1 E a la a La EE Acad To erase a variable from the Result View window deselect the corresponding check box in the Result Tree If you wish to clear the Result View window Output from the main menu Clear Display Results Part 2 The HELP Model 137 To view many variables you may place results for some variables into a new Result Window lt right click gt the name of the variable you wish to put into a new window The following menu will appear Profile Aesuilks Hew Result Window Choose New Result Window Results for the variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other variables to the Result Window 1 using the same method To see outputs for many variables open additional Result Windows and place results there lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Result Window 1 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the additional variable will appear in the Result Window 2 You may repeat these steps All viewing methods described above may be applied to study Accumulated annual water balance constituents Daily and Monthly Output If from the Select Result Category you select Daily Output or Monthly Output you will be prompted to select the ye
82. total porosity 0 57 and field capacity 0 29 Initial conditions for soil profiles were near steady state provided by the standard HELP procedure The length of the simulation is ten years Note The length of Visual HELP simulation should be equal to the length of VS2DT forecast During the second stage the VS2DT model is used to simulate unsaturated transport of chlorine in the zone below the ash layer The natural profile of the unsaturated zone below the ash layer is formed from a 10 m thick sandy loam layer Standard VS2DT database flow and transport parameters are used for the sandy loam layer The VS2DT application uses monthly averages of percolation through the ash layer assessed with Visual HELP as the flow upper boundary To conduct an internal transfer of data within the WHI UnSat Suite the following steps need to be executed 1 Set output units in Visual HELP equal to the desired units of the model recipient VS2DT 11 Run the Visual HELP model 300 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results 111 Open the Visual HELP output with the desired time intervals 1v Export data from Visual HELP v Import data into the VS2DT model Below you will find the description of additional functions required to transfer data between models To view general instructions on how to setup the HELP project see Chapter 2 To view general instructions on how to run the HELP project see Chapter 7 Set
83. you to customize your Unsat Suite Graphs Below is a list of the tabs contained within the Properties window and the functions they perform Series Tab Add or delete variables from the graph position the variables on the graph and change the style of the plot General Tab Change the overall look of your chart by making it three dimensional setting zoom preferences initiating animation adding a gradient to the plot and enabling clip markers You can also save the graph as a bitmap Axis Tab Change the characteristics of the axes You can show all none or some of the x and y axes You can change the scales to logarithmic or inverted scales You can also change the minimum and maximum values of the domain and range and add or edit titles labels and tick marks on the axis Titles Tab Change the graph title and its characteristics Add a footer to the graph Legend Tab Change the position framing and style of the legend 57 Printing an Individual Graph To edit and print an individual graph lt right click gt anywhere in the Result View area The following menu will appear Print The Print dialog box provides you with a number of options for printing UnSat Suite graphs Preview Opens the Print Preview window You can use the mouse to drag the graph to a new position or change the margins Printer Setup Opens Print Setup window Print Prints the selection Exit Ret
84. 268 specify 232 258 substitute 234 273 Contaminant Load Schedule 271 Contouring Factor 266 conventions VS2DT 188 co ordinates 20 Copy Holder icon 16 Index copy project 67 Create New Profile icon 15 Create New Project icon 15 create report 169 224 Creating a New Profile Using a Profile Template 30 curve number 80 customary units 23 database weather generator 120 defaults project set 64 stress period 192 Delete Layers icon 16 delete observation point 161 delete project set 63 dependent soil parameters 212 dependent transport parameters 215 depth 164 242 291 294 description 18 Design Layer Permissions 34 Designing profile 29 dispersion coefficient 158 DOS HELP Output 134 drainage layers 77 83 drained 90 edit soil properties 157 238 276 effective porosity 239 elevation 29 155 204 236 274 Europe 104 evaporation 99 evapotranspiration case setting 180 parameters 183 tab 103 Exit icon 16 Export from WHI UnSat Suite 299 Export of SESOIL data 315 Export of Visual HELP data to Visual MODFLOW 309 Export of VS2DT data to Visual MODFLOW 327 field capacity 83 File menu item 14 finite difference grid 195 FLONET TRANS 7 flow boundaries 188 flow equation closure 181 FLOWPATH 7 former USSR 104 fraction organic content 158 free air diffusion 235 general features 13 331 generate weather 99 114 generator weather 144 geomembrane liners 77 83 geonets 77 83 geotextiles 77 83 GIS ma
85. 5000223561 0 115587 20110 0 0255916 0 126447 110 150 1 027202 0 156976 130 150 0 0289263 0 1488 150 183 0 0307482 0 16192 las 3645 00340906 0 187134 S645 547 0 0640242 0 395702 547730 0 123564 0613085 730 625 0 21265 0 612451 S25 1095 0 255908 0525655 10945 1460 05436711 0229751 1460 1625 0 3094 0 058 7e64 After adding the second species you may add as many as required by your simulation scenario using the same algorithm Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results Index Accumulated Volumes 136 acknowledgements 8 add new contaminant 35 add observation point 159 Adding new contaminant to the database 35 Africa 104 air diffusion 235 AIRFLOW SVE 8 anisotrophy 211 ANNUAL INPUT table 261 Annual Total 136 AquiferTest 8 archive project set 63 area 155 204 236 274 Asia 104 atmospheric pressure 186 Australia 104 authors 26 balance result 167 245 294 balance summary 194 barrier soil liners 77 83 bottom elevation 29 boundary conditions 186 bulk density 158 239 275 Canada 104 Canadian Climate Centre 101 Canadian Climate Centre format 123 case settings 79 149 175 231 255 Case Settings group 41 case specifications 175 cell number 231 257 261 characteristic curve coefficient 158 Chemical 38 clients 26 CN 80 company 26 27 concentration distribution initial condition 201 concentration in recharge water 232 consulting 8 contact person 27 contaminant properties 235
86. 7 Click OK Part 2 The HELP Model 95 Layer Groups In landfill design groups of layers can perform a specific function such as landfill capping or leachate collection and removal UnSat Suite contains a special feature to set the properties of such layer groups To select a layer group 1 Move the cursor arrow onto the Project Tree for example to the left of the Fine Sandy Loam icon as shown below El S HELP TEST pal EPA profile y Eh Case Settings a saa uate senna 3 Low Density Polyethylene Silty Clay Municipal Waste 312 kg cub m Drainage Met 0 Scr High Density Polpethylene Fine Sand Butyl Rubber Sandy Clay Loam re ae of 2 Click and drag a rectangle around the layers in the group The layers will be highlighted in the Project Tree and in the Profile View To edit the layer group geometry or to delete selected layers 1 Move the mouse onto the highlighted area in the Project Tree and click the right mouse button 2 Delete Selected Layers to delete the group Note UnSat Suite allows only certain materials for the top layer A warning will appear and the group will not be deleted if the result is an inappropriate top layer 96 Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile OR To edit the layer group geometry or to delete selected layers 1 Layer Group Geometry to edit the group geometry Layer Group Geometry Delete Selected Layers The Layer Group dialogue box will ap
87. 9 new 30 parameter groups 38 Index properties 78 155 203 235 273 template new 32 view 17 44 Profile menu item 15 Profile Properties icon 17 profile template 30 project archive set 63 copy 67 delete set 63 information 18 load 28 new 17 set 61 tree 17 28 37 Project menu item 14 properties contaminant 235 268 layer 83 209 observation point 160 profile 78 155 203 235 273 soil 157 238 276 rain 99 rate waste application 151 recharge rate 149 231 reduction factor 192 relaxation 181 Remote Data Access icon 16 Repairing 68 Repairing the Project Set 68 report create 169 224 prepare 59 248 294 requirements system 11 residual moisture content 211 resize layer 49 87 155 208 237 276 Restore icon 16 restore layer 47 93 206 restore observation point 161 Result Category 52 Results View 17 results view 17 root activity 186 root depth 186 root pressure 186 run current model for all profiles 15 Run menu item 15 Run Model For Profile icon 17 run VS2DT model 217 Run Weather Generator icon 15 Running the Model 50 runoff 75 99 runoff area 82 runoff method 80 333 334 saturated hydraulic conductivity 83 158 saturated water content 158 Save Project icon 15 schedule waste application 151 search 104 select location 20 Selecting the method of step wise approximation 306 settings case 79 149 175 solver 181 Settings menu item 15 simulation length 133 149 231 257 ma
88. Contaminant balance presented for each layer and sub layer Average Pollutant Concentration Contaminant concentration in liquid solid and gas phases of the soil pre sented for each layer and sub layer Maximum Pollutant Depth Contaminant downward propagation within the profile Average Concentration in GroundwaterContaminant concentration in groundwater Next you will review some of the sub categories Hydrologic Cycle Components Specified Depth Annual Summary in the Select Result Category drop down list box The drop down list box Select Specified Depth Annual Summary Result at will show the first available sub category Hydrologic Cycle Components Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 6 The SESOIL Model Output x Speci ad Depth l rmual Surna Salsot Spsobed Depth Annual Summa Result At Hydrologic Cycle Componerts m BE To view results for this sub category click the icon to the right of the Select Depth Annual Summary Result at box The list of available hydrologic variables will appear EH Seod Model Duit 21 0 1 24 30 PH GS Spscited Time Concent ston Specified Depth Monthly Output Specified Depth Annual Summary E 5 Hpdrolages Cicle Compor O ae oca F La ear 7 O Hae bak Layi 1 Oi Precision O mu Net Inbliration O uu Evepolrencpeston O a Sufece Puri O a Groundwater Hechsige O a Miceshure Retentiorn O a Vid Fs the check b
89. ELP output with desired time intervals After you create weather files with the Weather Generator and run the HELP model for the top ash layer you have to open the data for percolation through the bottom of the ash layer with monthly time intervals the drop down arrow in the Select Result category drop down list box and then Monthly Output Year 3 in the Select Monthly Output Result at drop down list box the icon to the right of the Select Monthly Output Result at box The list of available monthly variables for year 3 will open in the Result Tree Output Salecl Rasul Category qe Mony Output Saed Monthly Durt Aap Ab Year 3 pt 10 Help Model Duipt 2410400 2 06 08 PH 4 Dak Output Monthy Ouiput Vee 3 O ma Paai O B Aimy O Ersan e Firmal washer storage in Layers E Tables E Now select the check box beside the Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 in the Output Tree as 1t 1s used in the WHI UnSat Suite to select variables You will produce a graph of percolation through the bottom of the ash layer for year 3 in the Result window However the task is to export recharge data for all 10 years of simulation To accomplish this 302 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results click the right mouse button at the name of the variable Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 The following dialog box will appear S
90. Generator To create a report and to add the project input data click the icon from the 294 Operational Icons tool bar The report will appear in a separate window Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 6 The SESOIL Model By default the Report Generator lists all input data for your project Project SESOIL Model SESO de E A il DA ee A A AA al AA AS A LA Author Faur iie aur mame Chant Th Key contact person 1 Profile SESOIL profilei Modei Settings CER Lan Sere lan J 11 gt El Serra ld HE iia Tin eis id Fi Tiira brain rules wathicad fil Te tad Epa pce a ad hi Mid h p keil etal eri aiee Ll ESC Licda T mi Bisan a pei 7 125001425001 410 ET Me he eres Dami egos O oaii oo ene amos eno o a ao tana 92000 03000 1000 1000 a 0006 oog cmon aaay onan Main Mert diria de rr F LETI om Alan Pro planas 11600 Beano 15700 61000 7 5400 Me ara naar 625000 9 5800 6000 vuodo 15500 115000 aries of ees a 48000 45000 4 0000 0000 1 0000 6 6000 Loria Para ca or LEI 13 AO 04001 014300 130 0030 AL El In the Report window you may edit the report input your own text and add any type of graphic output produced by UnSat Suite Note The graphs will be placed at the insertion point To add a graph to the report 1 In the Report window place the cursor to posit
91. H Ohio OK Oklahoma OR Oregon PA Pennsylvania RI Rhode Island SC South Carolina SD South Dakota TN Tennessee TX Texas UT Utah VA Virginia VT Vermont WA Washington WI Wisconsin WV West Virginia WY Wyoming The remaining maps are separated into seven world regions including Africa Asia Australia Europe North America South America and the former Soviet Union The stations are abbreviated by countries Please note that some stations in different world regions share the same country abbreviation Therefore note which world region you are in before selecting a country These discrepancies are outlined at the end of the table Abbreviation Region Country Africa ALGE Algeria 105 Asta Australia Europe ATLA BENI BURK CANA CAPE COMO KENY MALI MAUR MORO NAMB NIGE SENE SOUT TUNI ZIMB CARO CHIN COOK DETA FREN HONG INDI JAPA KIRI KORE MALA MARI MARS PAKI PHIL SAMO SYRI TAIW THAI TURK TUVA VANU VIET AUST AUST AZOR BELG BULG CYPR CZEC DENM Atlantic Ocean Islands Benin Burkina Faso Canary Islands W Sahara Cape Verde Comoros Kenya Mali Mauritania Morocco Namibia Nigeria Senegal South Africa Tunisia Zimbabwe Caroline Islands China Cook Islands Detached Islands French Polynesia Hong Kong India w Indian Ocean Islands Japan Kiribati North South Korea Malaysia Marianna Islands Marshall Islands Pakistan Philippines Samoa Syria Taiwan Thailand Turkey
92. Mad ore in doe Pla sande bilaris Here you may Select desired output times and variables to customize your table You may use the following tools for editing a table Unselect All to unselect all times or variables and then click desired if you want to show only a small number of rows or columns in the table Select All if you wish to specify all list after you unselected some times or variables Transpose if you want to switch columns and rows OK after you have set a table The table will appear in the Result View In the Results View you can plot the results of the simulation versus either the time of simulation or the depth of the profile Once you have created a graph you can edit it and save it as a bitmap in a separate file to include in reports and layouts UnSat Suite provides you with the flexibility to edit the layout of your graph directly in the Results View window To edit your graph use the following method lt right click gt on the graph in the main window Chapter 3 Common Tools Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Properties 2 Properties El General Als Titles Seres Legend Set order Top Up Down Bottom Add Seres Properties llar Style Line Style Name Line Make Delete Width fi l Edit Deny atwe El W Live update Aon Close Above is the Properties window This window has various features that allow
93. Materials Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface You can modify a material s default properties To modify a material select the material from the appropriate lists Then make the necessary changes to the material s properties 2 Modify to save the changes To delete a material select the material from the appropriate lists Then Delete to delete the material To close the Material Designer dialog box Close 35 36 Chapter 2 General Features Common Tools Working in the Project Tree View Elements of the Profile Structure Although different models require different data all projects in UnSat Suite have common structures to input and edit data The following picture shows these structures using the default VS2DT profile as an example Project Manager Yo Tc Ea S2DT profile a E v52DT Case Settings J 5207 Solver Settings J W52 DT Profile Initial Conditions J VS2DOT Evapotranspiration J SE 5207 Flow Upper Boundary J E SD T Flow Lower Boundary J E PM5207 Transport Upper Boundary J els MM5207 Transport Lower Boundary D VSSDOT Stress Period Defaults a 3 S2D7 Observation Times a E 01 Guelph Sand a 64 102 Guelph Sandy Loam ae a E 5207 Soil Parameters A y 03 Guelph Loamy Sand de Piezometer 1 The Project Tree View shows the structure of the project named VS2DTc which contains one profile VS2DT profile 1 The objects shown in the tree below the V
94. Molecular veg of poder PAAT Aue Cd e polla Pel a Hadra Habol Pisos Doraka RMH Lindas dp Bait Hadai Fost Conard EAH Liege din Sal Hydro Rada Cora 4H th Parar of polla dace riei phare E st Parsrstar of polutsrd deca in m j phos F Tu Parres of the corales sto johan proc Hunmbes cd mek cd hard par mode al poblar A rea Macul eh af bsard TLE Load The following contaminant parameters can be modified in this dialogue Water Solubility Free Air Diffusion Coefficient Henry s Law Constant Solubility of the chemical in water under standard conditions Characteristic of contaminant transfer due to Brownian motion in the air phase Chemical characteristic of the contaminant describing liquid gas partitioning Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient Adsorption Coefficient Molecular Weight Valence Neutral Hydrolysis Constant Chemical characteristic of the contaminant describing organic carbon partitioning Equilibrium distribution coefficient in Freundlich equation K Equal to Kd 1f Freundlich exponent 1 Molecular weight of contaminant Valence of contaminant Neutral hydrolysis rate constant 269 Base Hydrolysis Constant Base hydrolysis rate constant Acid Hydrolysis Constant Acid hydrolysis rate constant Liquid Phase Degradation Rate Coef Contaminant decay parameter in liquid phase Solid Phase Degradation Rate Coef Contaminant decay parameter in solid phase
95. OTE At present this feature is not enabled in PESTAN The information contained below has been included as a reference for future releases of UnSat Suite To select the position of observation points lt right click gt on the Observation Points Column to the right of the profile picture in the Profile View Add Or lt right click gt on the Profile Name in the Project Tree View Add Observation Point Part 3 The PESTAN Model 159 The following dialogue box will appear Observation Point Properties Miel E Hame unknown Description description Elevation 2 590 ft OK Lancel Enter the name in the Name text box and the depth where you wish to place your observation point in the Elevation box OK The observation point will appear in the Profile View and in the Project Tree View Observation Point Properties To change the properties of an observation point lt double click gt on the observation point in the Profile View Or lt right click gt on the observation point name in the Project Tree View and select Properties The following dialogue box will appear O BEE Name Junkown Description description Elevation 0 500 unita Edit properties of the observation point and OK 160 Chapter 8 Input Specification Deleting an Observation Point To delete an observation point lt right click gt on the observation point in the Project Tree View De
96. Output View window contains two drop down windows 1 Select Result Category used to select general result category 1 Select Specified Category Name Result At used to select specific result category To select general output category click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box The following list will appear Specified Time Concentration Speciied Depth Monthly Output 5 th Click the category you wish to view The first available result group for this category will appear in the listbox below To view all available result groups click the arrow in the Select Name of Category Result at drop down listbox Part 6 The SESOIL Model 281 Specified Depth Annual Summary 282 This output category allows you viewing annual total balances of water and contaminant as well as breakthrough curves at fixed depths in specific sublayer within the whole period of simulation As this output category allows you to make a general overview of simula tion results we recommend you always start your output examination with this option You may view the following sub categories and variables as annual totals and averages Hydrologic Cycle Components Components of the profile hydrologic balance Washload Cycle Components Components of the profile washload cycle if simulated Pollutant Mass Input Contaminant input into the profile pre sented for each layer Pollutant Mass Distribution
97. S EXCEL become available The WHI UnSat Suite Concept Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface The WHI UnSat Suite utilizes a unique interface design that accommo dates the specialized features and analysis capabilities of each model while maintaining a consistent look and feel for each data set This allows you to easily switch from one model to another without having to go through the painful steps of learning a different interface and data struc ture for each new model The familiar design and functionality of the interface 1s extremely easy to learn and facilitates quick and easy access for conveniently modifying any of the model input parameters The many interactive graphical tools allow you to quickly and easily create a model profile modify the layer design and customize the model properties and boundary conditions The project oriented data management system allows you to easily manage multiple models and different model types within the same project database file This project oriented approach lets you conveniently navigate between different models and easily compare model input data and simulation results In addition the WHI UnSat Suite supports a teamwork environment where project files can be loaded modified and run over a networked system There are seven key benefits that make UnSat Suite 2 1 the software package of choice for simulating unsaturated zone processes 1 Organizing Information is Easy Information 1s organiz
98. S2DT profile 1 are used to specify the profile settings These objects are divided into two categories Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 37 38 e pertaining to a profile e pertaining to a specific layer within the profile The objects starting from the VS2DT Case Settings to the VS2DT Observation Times are the profile parameter groups They contain parameters pertaining to the whole profile The objects starting from the Guelph Sand to the Guelph Loamy Sand are profile layers Layers have one or more layer parameter groups In the picture the layer Guelph Sandy Loam is opened and the Soil Parameters and Transport Parameters layer parameter groups are shown Profile Parameter Groups There are three categories of the profile parameter groups which perform different functions and are marked with different icons Case Settings parameters from this group are used to set the major functions of the model and characteristics of the simulated case Choises made by the user here may determine content of some other profile and layer parameter groups or even make them to appear or disappear Regular Parameter Group this category of parameter groups is used to specify the values of single value parameters The value may not be a number parameter may be a qualitative In the last case the user has a list of qualitative values to choose from Time Dependent Parameter Group this category of parameter groups 1s used to input time dependent
99. UnSat Suite will convert the value into the units used by the model automatically Select the input unit system from the Select Input Output Unit Templates drop down list Select the output units from the Select Output Unit System drop down list If you are using the HELP model you may select the unit system for the HELP s original listing You are limited to Metric and Customary units here To view the Unit Templates dialog box click Units 23 24 AAA A Metric General Units Unit Template Mame Metric Description Default Metric Unit Template E Modify Delete Refresh Done Click the drop down arrow in the right part of the Name text box to view the list of available Unit Templates Select the desired template from the list and click the Units tab The Unit Template dialog box will appear for selected template Unit Templates Metric General Units Here you can change units to use in your projecte Unit Type Profile Mass Balance Bulk Density rea Slope Defect Density Transmissivity Moisture Content Dispersion Coefficient Length Sorption Constant Degradation Constant Concentration Hone 5pecific Storage Time Mass Root Activity Mass Flux Surface Resistance Fraction lon exchange Capacity Flow Velocity Concentration in Sal Type Description sa The mass of chemical in profile per unit area The mass of dry soil relative to the bulk volume of soil
100. User s Manual for WHI UnSat Suite includes Visual HELP The intuitive unsaturated zone analysis package Ame WH iri Ti E a dl A AS Pr ti gee wii Ps H w Head E Manda E B MA B ai j Dg e es A a fi itema fe zj i has gis erro TAATA see ai fot eee Tedd OA F a E Lo mnr Pape Mira eo eee 1 E S See Sa Ss r ama Ha Era a lent JE ag Dees Feet E La E e red ra ee er a CH a mair er Loe EF ims La mr dede EE inom m B er 5 Ii EF irn bm mr debe Calvi e nri ews a ire ed oe ep E at ern ee gt a o T i Unit Templates Metric PE eee als General Units BaP Developed by Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc Here you can change units to use in your projects Unit Type Type Description a Profile Mass Balance g m2 The mass of chemical in profile per unit area Bulk Density g cm3 The mass of dry soil relative to the bulk volume of soil Area ha Area characterized by specific profile Slope 2 Slope Defect Density Hha of defects per unit area in result of geomembrane installation Transmissivity cm2 sec the product of saturated hydraulic conductivity and thickness c Moisture Content yol vol moisture content of a unit soil volume specific values of full sat Dispersion Coefficient cm2 day Units for coefficients of hydrodynamic dispersion and molecula Length m Length Sorption Constant ml g The coefficient of ditribution of the pollutant between the so
101. Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 You may repeat these steps until you see everything you are interested in You may change units for your output variable without rerunning the model From Main Menu select Project Properties and than Units tab In Units dialog box select the proper Unit template and OK Next time when you open your output graph it will appear with the new units UnSat Suite allows you to view and edit output balance tables To access the desired table click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box and click Tables If you click the arrow in the lower drop down box you will get types of tables to select the VS2DT model is used as an example Flow Balance Mass Balance 4 ccumulated Flaw Balance O 4ccumulated Mass Balance Select the table from the list and click the icon to the right of the Select Tables Result at box The table will appear in the Output Tree Click 55 Editing Graphs 56 the check box beside the table in the Output Tree to view all results available for this specific table The following dialog box will appear Tabla Fine Balance Sate Table Awe To Dipi 5 Pis rn domain aer peri pee haw Fis cual ol on ice opened pa ca be Flue nto doren sopr parcie fue bourja Pie cul of cnn rs pers Ao brad Faksi Fics nip doms oa his od of oms ES ar piion Val Peace ce Liege n
102. ace occurs prior to the infiltration into the soil starts Decay is defined as the rate of loss per hour Liquid phase degradation rate constant Liquid phase decay describes the process where mass is lost within the soil system Degradation occurs primarily by soil microorganisms and may vary depending upon soil temperature and moisture Chapter 8 Input Specification Modifying the Profile Profile Properties Resizing the Layer Part 3 The PESTAN Model To view or edit the profile properties lt right click gt the profile picture and click Profile Properties Or the profile name Or lt right click gt the profile name and click Profile Properties The Profile Properties dialogue box will appear 1 Profile Properties Gereta Hare FESTAN Protiel p Elevation h Uris p Top 00000 Ps Born 10000 M Show All Parameiras Cancel beto The following data are available in the Profile Properties dialogue box Name Name of the profile Description Description of the profile Elevation You may specify the elevation of the profile top or bottom in this part of the dialogue box Area Type the land area represented by this profile in this box You may resize the layer either through the Profile Properties dialogue box by changing its top and bottom elevation or graphically in the Profile View 155 Substituting the Layer 156 To resize a layer graphically 1 Move the mouse poin
103. ajor Software upgrades and version updates e Unlimited Telephone Support e Unlimited email Support e Priority Response to Error Reports e Direct Bug Fix Updates e Documentation Updates e On Demand FTP Downloads e Showcase Your Projects in WHI E News e Option to Beta Test New Products e Annual Reminder for Contract Renewal For more information about Maintenance Contracts please contact our Sales department via phone at 1 519 746 1798 or via email at Sales waterloohydrogeologic com Other Products by WHI Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Visual MODFLOW A pre and post processor for MODFLOW MODPATH and MT3D A complete package for the visualization of model input and simulation results The largest time saving breakthrough for rigorous three dimensional groundwater modeling since the release of MODFLOW FLOWPATH II The most complete two dimensional steady state groundwater flow and pathline model It computes hydraulic heads pathlines travel times velocities and water balances verified against the USGS MODFLOW approved by the U S EPA and recommended by the IGWMC FLOWPATH II has been radically improved from its predecessor to include many new features and an enhanced graphical display to give you more power flexibility and control than ever before Also FLOWPATH II now includes contaminant transport simulation capabilities FLONET TRANS A powerful yet easy to use two dimensional steady state groundwater f
104. appear CO OOO 5 der Sit hdd codi ol the nate ted Sore OE Mee peer dd he head niece 10 Cote Pociones al aaa cone i COCO ay aa A Tiett ER EY Py Bachgroued concedan ol ha pole n punci n The following groundwater parameters may be edited in this group Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Saturated hydraulic conductivity of the saturated zone Hydraulic Gradient Hydraulic gradient of the phreatic surface Thickness of Saturated Zone Thickness of saturated zone Width of Contaminated Zone Width of contaminated zone Background Concentration Background contaminant concentration in the groundwater 278 Chapter 15 Input Specification 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Running the SESOIL Model To run the model for a single profile click the profile icon above the gt Profile View To run the model for multiple profiles or for one profile if it is a single gt profile in the project click the operational icon above the Project Tree View OR Run in the main menu and then click SESOIL A progress bar will appear to indicate the computation progress as shown below k J ESDI Model SESIL k Statue WES HLOAD WA FIMO 6 Progress MAA Viewing Original DOS SESOIL Output UnSat Suite allows you to view and print the original DOS SESOIL output To view and print original output Output from the main menu Original Listing Part 6 The SESOIL Model 279
105. ar Uniform Pressure Head Uniform Moisture Content Equilibriura Profile Nonunitorm Pressure Head Nonunitorm Moisture Content Select a type of initial condition that best represents actual site conditions and click OK If your choice is Uniform Moisture Content Uniform Pressure Head or Equilibrium Profile next you must specify appropriate parameters in the Profile Initial Conditions parameter group 200 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Profile Initial Conditions The following dialog box will appear if Equilibrium Profile has been selected nba dep lo perl ra pel ce Sheed bs pare ca of rail pa io Aba pode Value al tad ro conca these poh DOE Enter the values for Groundwater Depth and Minimum Head for Equilibrium Profile here Concentration Distribution To select the type of initial condition for chemical 1 Open the Case Settings parameter group 2 in the Value cell to the left of the Initial Condition Chemical the list box with the following choices will appear Uniform Concentration Nonuniform Concentration Make your selection to specify your initial conditions for chemical and click OK If your choice is Uniform Concentration next you must specify appropriate parameters in the Profile Initial Conditions parameter group as 1t was previously described Editing the Initial Conditions for a Layer Part 4 The VS2DT Model If in Case Settings parameter group you select Nonuniform Moistur
106. ar for which you would like to have results to be displayed from the lower listbox Scroll the list of years if necessary and select the desired year To view all results available for this specific type of balance click the Add to Output Tree icon to the right of the lower output listbox Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Select the desired types of balance variables the same way it was done for the Annual Total category and view results Teen feh Takin s All viewing methods described above for Annual Total balance constituents may be applied to study Daily and Monthly output categories Viewing HELP Tables In addition to UnSat Suite s useful graphing capabilities you can also obtain information from Annual Total Accumulated balance and Peak daily values of different water balance constituents in table format To view HELP tables Tables from the Select Result Category drop down listbox the type of table you wish to view from the lower listbox and click the Add to Output Tree icon to the right of the lower output listbox The table will appear in the Output Tree Click the check box to the left of the table s name to open the list of available rows and columns Part 2 The HELP Model 139 lable Ammian Tikal ie Lal tal dare colect d ham Layer 2 Pescolshon of leaklance biough Layer 2 Average esd on bop of Lover d me R a Here you may select desired output
107. arate window ar Pimi Da La Ya emt ms ld S boa nm HAS fc Ni rara aa oooGee yA r E Project VS2DT l limas Oy ni Hl Modal WERET ie le ae lee be A OA A A Air Feuer fie Cibao Vide Osta 8 1 Profile VE2D T profile E miia er a Ee E ae AA PL iir hi ae Di fai mas ia a i In this window you may edit the report input your own text and add any types of graphic or table output produced by UnSat Suite Note the graphs and tables will be placed at insertion point To add a graph or a table to the report 1 In the Report window place the cursor to position where you want your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph or table using one of the methods described above and 3 lt right click gt in the Result View The following menu will appear Insert To Report Copy to Clipboard Save Ag Print Properties 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report The graph may appear smaller than the original To get the graph of desired size click it in the Report window and stretch it until 1t will reach the proper size 60 Chapter 3 Common Tools Working with Project Sets Definition of the Project Set When UnSat Suite is opened it reveals a Default Project Set in the Project Tree which is a collection of WHI UnSat Suite projects In addition to the default project set you can archive completed project sets or open and us
108. are may be used by any number of people within the organization that purchased the software and it may be freely moved from one computer location within the licensed organization to another so long as there is NO POSSIBILITY of it being used at one location while it is being used at another Just like a book can t be read by two different people in two different places at the same time Specifically you may not distribute rent sub license or lease the software or documentation alter modify or adapt the software or documentation including but not limited to translating decompiling disassembling or creating derivative works without the prior written consent of Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc The provided software and documentation contain trade secrets and it is agreed by the licensee that these trade secrets will not be disclosed to non licensed persons without written consent of Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc II Warranty Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc warrants that under normal use the material of the magnetic diskettes and the documentation will be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 30 days from the date of purchase In the event of notification of defects in material or workmanship Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc will replace the defective diskettes or documentation The remedy for breach of this warranty shall be limited to replacement and shall not encompass any other damages including but not limited to loss of prof
109. area with runoff Specified Settings Runoff Curve Number USDA SCS CN method User Surface Water Runoff Area Percentage of surface area with runoff Modified Settings Runoff Curve Number USDA SCS CN method Initial Moisture Settings As with the original DOS HELP model UnSat Suite allows two possibilities for setting the initial moisture storage You can select either Model Calculated which is the default or User Specified If you select Model Calculated HELP will assign realistic values for initial moisture storage and then simulate one year of landfill activity The values of moisture storage obtained from this simulation will be used as the initial values The following chart shows the new parameters which become introduced by either selection Selection Location of New New Parameter Parameter Model Surface Water Settings none cactaed Se User Surface Water Settings Initial Surface Water Initial amount of water Specified at the soil surface snow0 Lateral Drainage Layer Initial Moisture Content Initial moisture Vertical Percolation content for the layer Layers and Geotextiles and Geonets Part 2 The HELP Model 81 Editing the Surface Water Settings Surface Water Settings can be edited using the following method To edit the Surface Water Settings 1 lt right click gt on Surface Water Settings 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters dialogue box will open Or the Surface Water Settings 3 In
110. ariables and then click desired if you want to show only a small number of rows or columns in the table Select All if you wish to specify all lists after you unselect some times or variables Transpose if you want to switch columns and rows OK after you have set a table The table will appear in the Result View ee ee ae LA E be ase ee eis Bhi ls PA F r i You may change the size of the table fields by dragging boundaries of the field names and use the scroll bar at the bottom of the table to view all To present results of your PESTAN simulation to your clients you may use the UnSat Suite Report Generator Ej To create a report and add the project input data click the icon from the Operational Icons tool bar The report will appear in a separate window Part 3 The PESTAN Model By default the Report Generator lists all input data for your project Pie La hee pemi Eos iei CAER CA A AC aie alii O ee eee me Project PESTANEe pioc PESTAK MEDEA ke A pd Bi a la a ja pa p e e po ln a n EET 1 Profile PESTAM Profile Hoda ripe i Bnin bee o E A iem i Tai ae Mie il il rate j a rn Smp Li Profil Doria ri JM IL AT eee il sre en ran ee tare HR E Ei EE a 111 Law PRESTAR Peer Dua pr o AE i s ia A E EE Miei eei pl es id d Ni Ther r Emm Ser eee rar fan Lal o dl PA li E 1 be La ee eee Err PEES n Feima gee Cr RDE iii of Poe FU ER AT Fi
111. arise during simulation If convergence can not be achieved during a time step a factor for time step reduction can be modified Specifying the Stress Period Defaults The stress period default parameters can be edited using the following steps To access stress period default parameters 1 lt right click gt on Stress Period Defaults 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters dialog box will open or Stress Period Defaults The following dialog box will appear i Pt i rel el e de e e pr a haa 1 ha i q i E bi dg re o Aa bagh ai lie dre pig l e or Hohi tia us eee eg ed eee eee hes ee eee rbe r a A AA is Pee ches La cies be ees sd ese d coer Lf E pr ae che ma pr bar rip O E Tieni ri hep cee eee be pm mam aj ap ee 192 Chapter 10 Case Specifications To edit stress period default parameters 1 Select the appropriate units from the Units list where possible 2 Edit the Value box 3 Click OK The following stress period default parameters can be edited with the method mentioned above Initial Time Step Time Step Multiplier Maximum Time Step Minimum Time Step Reduction Factor Maximum Head Change Head Criterion Setting Output Times Length of an initial time step for the stress period Multiplier for the length of the time step for the stress period Maximum length of time step for the stress period Minimum length of time step for the stress period Factor by which time st
112. ase o ooooooooooooooonnoar om 39 Contents 1 Modifying and Deleting Materials 0 0 0 eee tenes 35 5 Common Tools aa 37 Working in the Project Tree View said tia As 224 04 ts AA A noes 37 Elements or the Protile Stuc eega dais 37 Indicators of the Object s Status o oooooooooooorora eee e nas 39 Accessing and Editing Objects of Profile Structure o ooooooooooroooooo 39 Working mthe Profile View tia A A AAA ea eea 44 M ersin ada ver ei ii A AI 45 Restorine a Layer riada E E A es 4 SPSS EE ESA AAA AS 4 Resianme Me Lar ar aah cs a a da e dd caian 49 Working with Multiple Profiles E eee eras EGE ees Se 49 Runnin he Models ssl PA wees PAS ee RAH OR Se PRO SEES 50 Viewing the Ouputes cnc cacteanas eee eee ated ieee a cae EREA 50 Viewin the OuipurGraphsvas tardas daa y Viewing Tables rias era a id sopa a birds saad 55 E Cr iris ei 56 Printing an Individual Graph 1 2 0 nee e teen eens 58 Prepara a Repo Geezer terree rd ee eee eek ars eee ee wn eB ees 59 4 Working with Project Sets socorro daa 61 DeintOn OF Ine Fro ECCS Clic oceania dood od ooo eee aed Games cd one ia 61 Usine the Project set Manager s contas da Aia 61 PERUN MAS A A ti a 63 Archiving and Copying Project SetS o o ooooooooooorrorr eens 63 Retorno to tie Derault Project Sel son aie hee ote eee eee ow oe aw Soy de 64 Deleting Projects from the Default Project Set 0 0 0 0 00 ee ene 64 Openinean Archi
113. at they perform Four types of layers were available in the original DOS Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile HELP vertical percolation layers lateral drainage layers barrier soil liners and geomembrane liners Topsoil and waste layers are generally vertical percolation layers Sand layers above liners are typically lateral drainage layers Compacted clay layers are typically barrier soil liners Geomembranes form the group of geomembrane liners Composite liners can be modeled as two layers a barrier soil layer and a geomembrane In the original DOS HELP geotextiles were not considered as layers unless they performed a unique hydraulic function In UnSat Suite geotextiles and geonets which are a class of landfill material that is growing extensively are recognized as a separate type of layer The graphical representation of each type of layer in a profile is as follows rae Vertical Percolation Layer Lateral Drainage Layer Barrier Soil Liner E Geomembrane Liner Geotextiles and Geonets imana The symbol for each layer is the same in the Project Tree as it is in the Profile View except for the Geomembrane Liner and the Geotextiles and Geonets These two layers appear as follows Geomembrane Liner Geotextiles and Geonets Subprofiles The HELP model calculates water flow by subprofiles A subprofile is a set of layers that has a barrier soil or a geomembrane liner at the bottom At times a real world
114. ated for some of the locations while others have actual historical data associated with them There are a few locations for which the Weather Generator can generate synthetic data that also have historical data With the US and Canada database the Weather Generator will generate synthetic data precipitation temperature and solar radiation for 139 U S cities When parameters for the synthetic generation are available the Synthetic option button will be selected This list also contains names of 102 U S cities for which the database contains five years of historical precipitation data You can use the historical precipitation data to simulate five years of temperature and 103 104 solar radiation When only five years of historical precipitation data are available the Historical option button will be selected For some cities both options are possible In this case both the Synthetic and Default option buttons will be available and you can choose either to synthesize up to 100 years of precipitation data using Weather Generator or to use default historical data There are two ways to select a location that is in the database You can do a text search for the location or you can use the GIS feature Text Search Text searches allow you to search the database by location or by region If you know the name of location search the database by city To search the database by location click in the By Location box in the Search Da
115. ation and Start Up oooooooooooooococooccccorooc oso 11 SYSTEM REQUIEM AS SE VARIAS AS SEA SR 11 Installing WHI UnSat Suite 2 2 from the CD Rom 0 0 0 ccc ee oo 11 Starine Writ UnSat Suite 40s ii oe ia ee tia wet ee de 12 2 General Feature S oor 45 90a sa ta o aee eae Soe as ei ce toate 13 Tomis md NOM seere AI Ue dan ae eae ee eek wd Re eae we 13 Getting Around the Itertace s sessami sins atu cat eds Bead deere them ei cite Bae ached Meee A 13 Main Med serene od ore eos wed bb Me dica de ed beet es 14 Operational ICONS risa tre Parse Hens AS a yd taa da 15 Protile cons is E e a 16 ROCCO Tres Vieta ns pea sio wn ae Re isa 17 Proe Viseras rai EA a ee N ee ee ee rs 17 IM A A IA 17 Results E E ira EE EE S EA Bee ata 17 St rtine a NOW Pro C ee eero ereen ole eda A a 17 General Project Informations sesar sieune AA a OE OSS Re i 18 Sclectine a Problem and Models aca ii aaa 18 ri A A UT O O 19 A Pete ie eos at Weg ee eee e hoe Sag Aes aw Gta doth RE eae ae act Bln 23 A MRON and Cuenta rs doi 26 Loadin s an Existe Projects iaa ds dsd ds 28 Promes UNS al Sutra ido e ar td dan 28 Creating a New Profile Using a Profile Template o o oooooooooorrroo oo 30 Creatine ANEW POG eerren is eee eG a s wae ios Ye Baas 30 Creating a New Profile Template oooooooooooooarrro o 32 Starline thie SIMON br sI EAS Ge dae RS S 32 Usine the Maternal Desie Neis oie E A A ba E 32 Adding new contaminant to the datab
116. auon a a an smia ip as as AMA be l spa lo Pa proa od the a 00 ae cub tarot Bom hi Lng riant i Time Steps The length of the period to simulate the evapotranspiration is specified by the value entered by the user in the Period box The Start Time and End Time fields show numbers for time steps but are not editable The only value allowed to be edited in these fields is the start time of the first time step Also for reference only the grayed Parameters box displays the time step number and duration Time steps can be added by pressing Add With each time step addition the appropriate parameters may be altered As easy as time steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a time step 1 Select the time step you wish to delete 2 7 Delete All the time steps can be deleted by selecting Delete All The simulation of the Evapotranspiration runs independently of the upper boundary condition for flow However it can be turned on or off by selecting the appropriate Boundary Type in the Flow Upper Boundary parameter group This allows input of the evapotranspiration parameters according to the natural cycles of this process The simulation of the Evapotranspiration runs at the background of the main simulation as a loop After the last period of Evapotranspiration has been simulated the first period starts again This way of simulation reflects the cyclic nature of the evapotranspiration processes For exampl
117. ayer Delete Municipal Waste 312 ko cub rm Mayer Properties Layer Group Geometry Profile Properties save As Template Print 2 Delete Part 2 The HELP Model 91 To delete a layer from the Project Tree 1 lt right click gt the layer Project Manager LANDFILL 1 E E LANDFILL 1 a a E EPA profiel Municipal i Fine Sandy Loam Waste el Coarse Sand Layer Low Density Polpethylene 04 Silty Clay Municipal waste 312 kg cut Dele Drainage Net 0 5cm High Density Polpethylene Resto 09 Fine Sand Insert Layer Butyl Rubber i Sandy Clay Loam Properties Project Tree E 2 Delete 92 Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile To delete a layer from the tool bar 1 the layer in the Profile View the layer will be highlighted Tool bar amp oO of Of H GQ Profile E ee Epen x fH AR PA pe PE ee LN 98 on the toolbar Note UnSat Suite allows only certain materials in the top layer If deleting a layer would result in an inappropriate top layer a warning will appear and the layer will not be deleted Restoring Layers If you have deleted one or more layers the garbage can icon on the toolbar will appear to bulge At this time you can restore one or more of the deleted layers fT and Restore All or click a layer from the list Part 2 The HELP Model 93 Splitting Layers 94 You can split a layer up into multiple sections and assign each sectio
118. ccc cc cee cece rece ences 163 one mal DOS PESTAN Output q vis hed ld is Serna he Bd te Rhee Rea 163 Viewme the Output GPS E A da 163 Speciticd Timea d Depth a 662 ened ote ee Oe RO ne SD Raw ate eh ad os Bare hs 164 Observation LOMA ia 167 BAM al A A eee eats ee eles aa 167 Viewing Tables AOS RAR IA ROSS 168 Esti EREDO AAA ena aia ct oil chee oc WER ah nd dae aE As le ace eee 169 The VS2DT Model ccccccccccsccccccsccccccccccccccccccccccseed A 10 Tntrod chom eessen aana da ada NE 173 11 Case SpecinCauonss 2 000 ARA AAA A 175 Case Dees A RR RAR 175 Transpore SimulanOn 4 22 26706 cduSeo AA we dees SAD 176 Sor Hydraul PUNCUON tE AA AAA 178 tar CONOS 22 iS a AA 179 Maximum imulation Tide tai an e IA 180 EVApor ans pa GON 0 dis id a Y 180 SOLVER SCCUMOS ni A o aio 181 4 Contents Editing the Solver Settin s nidad aos 181 Evapotranspitation Paracelso Ia al tad ar 183 Editing the Evapotranspiration Parameters 2 0 00 ccc eee eens 184 Boundary COndil0AS evt Cee eee eee eee eae heheh eek 186 Boundaty RUNES tido OS Seale eae we WE au Pa oe a ee ee hae 188 Flow Boundaries a coe yee seth tanta Pues eee aa 188 TTAUSPOF DB OUNCATICS sti sa 190 Stress Pernod Derails ss said Sok sce Berke a a eh eee edd week eda ad Bae 192 Specifying the Stress Period Defaults 20 5 5 00 sce464ndne bode dad 192 Sotano OUMU mes bic tea ht ew eee didas 193 ODSCRV AMON LIME a A A AS ahaa ee et 193 The Finite Difterence
119. cessary graphs and tables into the report and write your comments You may insert a header and footer in your report apply different fonts and styles while working in the Report window To utilize these and other options make corresponding selections from the main menu After you are done you may print the report or save it 249 250 Chapter 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Part 6 The SESOIL Model 252 Introduction Part 5 The VLEACH Model SESOIL is a popular US EPA model which is capable to simultaneously model water transport sediment transport and pollutant fate SESOIL is widely used by consultants and state regulatory agencies as a screening tool to assess unsaturated zone contaminant fate and transport for regulatory requirements Allowed profile structure four layer homogeneous regarding flow and variable regarding transport profile with initially uneven distribution of contaminant Simulated processes Surface weather boundary condition surface runoff soil erosion pollutant washload Subsurface variable flow as a function of the average moisture content and advective transport of the contaminant through soil affected by sorption volatilization degradation cation exchange hydrolysis and metal complexation SESOIL is a 1 D compartment balance model The code simulates leaching in a soil polygon The contaminant may be present in the soil as initial condition and may be introduced or removed from any laye
120. charges for any patent trademark copyright trade secret or other proprietary information to be used in the software and documentation shall be considered as included in the contract price V Governing Law This license agreement shall be construed interpreted and governed by the laws of the Province of Ontario Canada and the United States Any terms or conditions of this agreement found to be unenforceable illegal or contrary to public policy in any jurisdiction will be deleted but will not affect the remaining terms and conditions of the agreement VI Entire Agreement This agreement constitutes the entire agreement between you and Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc License Agreement 111 1V November 2004 Table of Contents UnSat Suite Interface cccccccsscscccccsccccccccsccccccccccsccccces INntrOGUCKONs corsa need dene ieee ade iesee eet eee be etaneceeteweele nee ee o 3 WHLUnSacSutte Models SEI A Shee Sabet ewes es owes 3 E A dete th ade we tak Se E RNE 4 New Features of WHI UnSat Sue 2 24 cece tote ee Paba be eee hues coed we 4 The WHI UnSat Sue CONC Plata Sees ech vat hans eo dl okd ss 22 eke eens 5 Howto Contact WHI sisi oranda ed irae ise Ged Bow athe Gre PA eee aera 6 Software Maintenance and Technical Support 20 0 0 eens 7 Other Products by WHAT 7 Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc Training and Consulting 0 0 ccc cee eee 8 ACKNOW edo ment sde nadia drid dior edad dedos 8 1 Install
121. correct Finish You can go back and edit any step in the wizard by lt Back You can cancel the new project at any time by Cancel After the project is started the New Profile Wizard dialog box will open The wizard will take you step by step through the process of selecting a new profile For complete instructions on choosing an existing template or creating a new template refer to the later sections of this chapter Loading an Existing Project All existing projects are displayed in the Project Tree To open a project double click on the project in the Project Tree OR To open the project lt right click gt on the project in the Project Tree Click Open OR To open the project highlight the project and from the File menu click Open Project Profiles in UnSat Suite 28 All information about the natural conditions of the project site unsaturated zone layering soil parameters and parameters of the engineering systems installed in profile as well as information about the contaminant loads is stored in the UnSat Suite profiles The UnSat Suite models perform simulations only for information arranged in profile sets Consequently profile is a main category of data arrangement in UnSat Chapter 2 General Features Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Suite The profile is associated with the area which it represents Actual project sites will rarely be uniform In this case the whole area of the site has to be sp
122. culate or Input Directly Click OK The following chart shows how the choice made in the Case Settings can affect the other parameters Selection Location of New Parameter New Parameter Calculate Soil Fraction Organic Content Fraction of organic content in the soil Parameters Calculate Pesticide Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient Chemical characteristic of the Parameters chemical Input Soil Sorption Constant The linear partition coefficient describing Directly Parameters distribution of the pollutant between the solid phase of soil and pore solution The new parameters are all numeric values and can be edited directly at their respective locations Time Dependent Groups There are two time dependent groups of parameters in PESTAN 150 Chapter 8 Input Specification Waste Application ScheduleTimes and rates of chemical applications prior to recharge start The pesticide is a subject to the solid phase decay during the storage time Observation Times The desired times for output To open the time dependent parameter groups 1 the group name 2 Or lt right click gt the group name 3 Click Edit Waste Application Schedule Part 3 The PESTAN Model To add times of pesticide application Add Alter the values for Time and Waste Application Rate in the appropriate boxes Click Add the value of Waste Application Rate will be copied and the value of Time will grow by the value of the previ
123. d Transport Model is a well tested U S Geological Survey USGS finite difference model for cross sectional variably saturated flow and transport in porous media As part of UnSatSuite VS2DT is a comprehensive 1 D unsaturated zone model based on the solution of Richard s equation This model describes the transport of different types of contaminants agricultural industrial including radioactive with unsaturated water flow and its transformation in the soil and vadose zone and leaching of contaminant to groundwater Allowed profile structure multilayer heterogeneous profile with an option to simulate hydraulic anisotropy Simulated processes Surface surface storage constant head infiltration constant flux seasonal soil evaporation and plant transpiration and vegetative growth Subsurface unsaturated vertical flow van Genuchten Brooks and Corey and Haverkamp functions pollutant transport with hydraulic dispersion pollutant decay pollutant adsorption Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms ion exchange monovalent monovalent divalent divalent monovalent divalent divalent monovalent Initial conditions may be inputted as moisture content or as pressure head for water and as concentration for chemical uniformly throughout the profile or by individual layers An equilibrium profile may be specified above a user defined free water surface VS2DT is a most sophisticated unsaturated zone model that can serve as a p
124. daily weather values You can also view and edit the Weather Generator database and import weather files in several common formats Input Features The top menu bar contains the following menu options File Import weather data files in different formats open GIS or save generated files and exit Run Run the Weather Generator for selected location and weather parameters View View synthesized data files Help Access the Help dialogue box and general information on the Weather Generator Tool Bar Buttons The following icons provide you with quick access to functions dealing with weather data Select from Map Click this icon to activate GIS click your project site location and find nearest location for which weather generating 1s possible Save to file Click this icon to save synthesized weather data Run Click this icon to run the Weather Generator Output Click this icon to view generated weather data Quit Click this icon to quit the Weather Generator Help Click this icon to get help from the Weather Generator Project Tab Under this tab you can search for the cities for which weather generation 1s possible click the source of precipitation data synthetic or default for Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model several cities and input the number of years to be modeled You can also input a new record to the Weather Generator database Precipitation Temperature Tab Under this tab you
125. e project sets stored on your machine or other machines within the local area network An example of Default Project Set is shown below WHI UnSat Suite 2 1 File Miew Project Profile Run oe gale F Output Window Settings Help Project Manager E E Default Project Set E WS2D T TEST E HELP TEST E WLEACH TEST E PESTAN TEST The Default Project Set is located on the user s computer and shows a computer icon next to the title Next to each project is a project folder icon This icon has a green light light grey circle in the black and white caption above in the center to indicate the file 1s not open and is accessible Using the Project Set Manager Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface In the Project Set Manager all project sets are clearly displayed with their paths and alias name All archived project sets will also appear in this window To open the Project Set Manager 61 From the File menu Project Set Manager The following dialogue box will appear Remote Data Alias Manager File Help O X Po Default C SUNSAT 27 data ub ata mdb T New Alias C uD ata mdb The main menu contains the following components File Create a new alias delete selected aliases close the dialogue box or select all of the aliases Help Open UnSat Suite on line help The following icons form the toolbar of the Project Set Manager gt Create New Map onto a remote project set through a network
126. e Content or Nonuniform Pressure Head for Water and Nonuniform Concentration for Chemical you must specify values for each layer separately You may access layer s initial conditions from the Project Tree View or Profile View To access Initial Conditions from the Project Tree View 1 lt the on the left side of the soil you are editing 2 7 Initial Conditions OR 201 1 lt the on the left side of the soil you are editing 2 lt right click gt on Initial Conditions 3 Click Edit OR 1 lt right click gt on name of the soil you wish to edit 2 Click Properties The Edit Properties window will open 3 Click the Initial Conditions tab To access Initial Conditions from the Profile View 1 lt right click gt on the layer 2 Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties window will open 3 Click the Initial Conditions tab OR 1 5 on the layer The Profile Material Properties window will open 2 Click the Initial Conditions tab The dialog box will appear in result of the described actions Eb gee oe a ee a Pa do i a i ae oe rr ed in de ee Select units if necessary and enter the proper value for initial conditions in the Value cell OK to save changes 202 Chapter 10 Case Specifications 11 Modifying the Profile Profile Properties Part 4 The VS2DT Model In this chapter the tools for editing profile are explained As was explained in
127. e To utilize this method each layer must be separated into finite difference cells The size of these cells can affect the convergence of the set of equations being solved Furthermore solution convergence 1s more difficult at the interface between layers in the profile where there may be large differences in the properties of the individual layers Solution convergence 1s improved by using reduced grid spacing near the outer boundaries or the boundaries of the profile layers In the middle of the layer the finite difference grid does not need to be as fine as at the boundaries The grid design of fine grid spacing near the layer boundaries and larger grid spacing in the middle of the layer minimizes computational time and improves solution stability and time to convergence The UnSat Suite interface allows the user to set the grid quickly and effectively Built in functions allow the user to customize parameters of the finite difference grid for each individual layer These functions include Minimum Step length Set the minimum grid spacing Maximum Step length Set the maximum grid spacing Part 4 The VS2DT Model 195 Multiplier Increases the step interval by a constant multiplier through the layer until 1t reaches the Maximum Step length Symmetric Creates a symmetric grid spacing where the grid is widest in the middle of the layer and narrowest at the boundaries Start at Bottom Starts the finest grid spacing at the bottom of th
128. e if the length of the simulation process is set to 30 4 days and the cycle includes 12 sets of values the described subroutine will simulate the annual cycle of evapotranspiration 185 Evapotranspiration Parameters Potential Evaporation Rate Estimated evaporative demand of the atmosphere on the soil moisture Surface Resistance to EvaporationFor a uniform soil it is equal to the reciprocal of the distance from the top active node to land surface Atmospheric Pressure PotentialDepends on air temperature and air humidity and under normal conditions varies between 100m and 2000m Potential Evapotranspiration RateThe estimated combined effects of evaporation see above and loss of moisture through plant uptake and subsequent release to the atmosphere transpiration Root Depth Root depth at beginning of the ET period Root Activity at Base Root activity at base of root zone Estimated as the length of roots in one unit volume of soil Under normal conditions will vary between 0 and 3 0 1 cm2 Root Activity at Top Root activity at top of root zone Estimated as the length of roots in one unit volume of soil Under normal conditions will vary between 0 and 3 0 1 cm2 Root Pressure Pressure head in root at beginning of ET periods Usually set to the permanent wilting point which is 150m for most agricultural crops See original VS2DT manual extracts for more explanation about parameters Boundary Conditions
129. e Tri yi fi lems 120 dere Min 0 Ha 00131 Lirit igumeni dave value m Import Cancel Information about the file including the number of items minimum and maximum values and units used will appear in the Information area Next you have to select the method of step wise approximation Selecting the method of step wise approximation The figure on the following page illustrates different ways of step wise approximation for time dependent data In the given example values vl v2 v3 and v4 have been simulated by the HELP model to occur at times t1 t2 t3 and t4 Monthly output at times t1 t2 t3 and t4 represent the middle of months 1 2 3 and 4 306 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results a Waluos for begisadas of a prlod On the graph thick horizontal lines illustrate how the output variable will be represented in the export file If the options Values for beginning of a period Calculated values average times and Calculated times average values are selected the line format of the output file 1s as follows time started delimiter time ended delimiter value If No approximation is selected the line format of the export file is time simulated delimiter value Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 307 308 After examining the previous explanations you may finish importing data from the HELP model 1 the drop down arrow beside the St
130. e Unit field next to the Unit Type The drop down list will appear Below you can see available units for the Flow Velocity unit type To create a new Unit Template 1 fir Units to open an existing template or from the File menu click Settings and then Units 2 Type a unique name in the Name box 3 Type a description in the Description box 4 Units tab 5 To edit units click the units from the appropriate list 6 Add Now you can select the newly added unit template for the input or output The output template can also be changed after the project is complete if you want to view the output in different units To view the output in different units after the project is set 1 From the Project menu click Properties 2 Unit tab 3 select the appropriate output template from the list 4 OK 6 run the model again 25 Authors and Clients 26 You can modify a template s default units To modify a template select the template from the list Then make the necessary changes Modify to save the changes To delete a template select the template from the list Then Delete to delete the template However you are not able to delete default Metric and Customary templates e x to exit Unit Templates Next gt l New Project Select the project Author To create a new Author press the lt 4uthor button Your name r Authors Select the project Client To creat
131. e a new Client press the lt Client gt Button Key contact person zN Clients Eimer Cancel Help Click an existing author from the list or create a new author by clicking Authors The Authors dialog box will appear 2 Authors Company Grou m utho Name Your company X Name Your name gt Description Description Description j escription Title Your title Modify Delete Add Modify Delete Close Help Each author is associated with a company Company Group In this area you can add modify or delete companies and groups To add a new company edit the information in the Name box and the Chapter 2 General Features Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Description box and click Add To update an old company with current information edit the name and description and click Modify To delete a company select the company or group from the list and click Delete Author In this area you can add modify or delete authors from companies To add a new author edit the information in the Name box Title box and Description box and click Add To update the information about an author edit the information and click Modify To delete an author select the author from the list and click Delete Close to return to the New Project dialog box Click an existing client from the list or create a new client by clicking Clients The Clients dialog box will app
132. e im fiver FI Fim atu 8 Jam Ti joa i Shope 1 30004 ope Tl 6000 ed w c y General Tab Under the General tab you can edit properties of the layer These include Design Layer Category and Material Slope and Drainage and several other layer parameters Drainage and Sloped Drained are available only for Lateral Drainage Layers and Geotextiles and Geonets 85 86 To change the Design Layer Category or Material click the list and click on your selection Click OK If you change the Design Layer Category you will also need to specify a new Material Note Changes to Design Layer Category are limited to layers that are allowed at the insertion point To change the slope and drainage properties of the layer click one of the available buttons No Slope Slope Drained or Drainage Click OK to save your changes The Drainage button applies in cases where drainage pipes exist If there are no pipes then click either the No Slope button or the Slope button If the layer is sloped you can also specify whether the layer is Drained If there are drainage pipes or sumps installed around the periphery of the landfill then a sloped layer will function as a lateral drainage layer The Drained feature is a new feature offered in UnSat Suite You can edit all of the parameter values in the Value column The Top Elevation or Bottom Elevation will become active depending on fixed top or bottom condition is applied to profile T
133. e layer Customizing the Finite Difference Grid To set the grid characteristics lt right click gt on the layer to be edited in the Project Tree View and select Mesh Settings or lt right click gt on the layer in the Profile View and select Layer Meshing Settings Mesh Settings Profile View mol ta PO Py E Bn hm A Lal A E F hi Ll m p a 0a z The following dialog box will appear 196 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Observation Points 2 Guelph Sandy Loam Mech Settee Min Step 003 Mukipa 12 Er Sir Fe Stat Ad Bottom Thicket 0BU Top 0 800 Bolton 1 400 By default the following settings will be used for all profile layers Minimum Step length 1 20 of the layer thickness Maximum Step length 1 4 of the layer thickness Multiplier 1 2 If you clear the Start At Bottom button the grid will start at the top with the coarsest grid spacing and gradually decrease in grid spacing down the layer If you click the Symmetric button the grid will be symmetric about the middle of the layer After you have edited the properties of the grid click OK to save the changes Model output may be saved separately at different cells along the soil profile by including observation points Currently observation points are restricted to the nodal values located at the centre of the finite difference cells Any observation point depth may be entered into the profile
134. e of 0 01to indicate 1 organics 239 240 Chapter 13 Input Specification 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Original DOS VLEACH Output Part 5 The VLEACH Model UnSat Suite allows you to view and print the original DOS VLEACH output To view and print original output Output from the main menu Original Listing The Original Model Listing dialogue box will appear Digas bowtie Let iras Fike REAG Versi n 2 2 1995 Huy Suradhan Bava and ann a Jahnwen USEPA Cantr c Lora Center Fr Susurfice Modeling Support Eobert E Kerr Erelrossental Eesearch Laboratory 8 5 Environmental Pretection agency F O Box 1498 ida OR 4020 Based on the sriginal ULESEH sercion 1 8 develoape by CHAH Hill Redding Eslifernia Far EEPE Aegian 1 22 Ss 2 ee ee ee ee ee ee el Peluges ULE SEH profile Tim 8 808 Cel gaat gc PL liigiti Fes Cal hg 1 bee ag B Gi iige dl 6 G d iie iag 2 6 ETE A 539 TE Ha 6 9547 hE iT a B S BRE E B 28 BRE EA B74 FE er i B 1S ee E a B THF El B TEITE Er Scroll and view the original listing find specific expressions and print your results To view the VLEACH input file click the Input File tab To print the file or the selected part of the file Print from the File menu Specify the print properties and click OK to print 241 Viewing the Output Graphs After the model has successfully ran the Output View and Result View windows will op
135. ear 21 Clients Company Organizatio Kep contact perso Name Youn client Name Key contact person Description Description Title Title Add Modify Delete Add Modify Delete Close Each contact is associated with a company or organization Company Organization In this section you can add modify or delete companies and organizations To add a new company edit the information in the Name box and Description box and click Add To update an old company with current information edit the information and click Modify To delete a company select the company from the list and click Delete Key Contact Person In this area you can add modify or delete contacts from companies To add a new contact edit the information in the Name box Title box and Description box and click Add To update the information about a client edit the information and click Modify To delete a client select the client from the list and click Delete Close to return to the New Project dialog box Next gt 21 The final step to create a new project is determining if the parameters are correct l New Project Last Modified new project Project New project Model HELP Location Kitchener ON Input Unit Template Metric Author Your name Client Key contact person Press lt Finish gt button bo create a Back Hert s Finish Cancel Help If the information presented is
136. ed Note this function should not be activated if the HELP output was produced with daily intervals and you use units ft day or m 314 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results day for recharge rate in Visual MODFLOW The same applies to the case when Annual Total values are used for Recharge in HELP and mm year or in year for recharge rate in Visual MODFLOW 3 Edit the file name in the Export to file text box if necessary 4 theicon amp tothe right of the Export to file text box This will activate the browser Navigate to the directory where you would like to store your output file 5 7 the Export button The export data file will appear in the designated directory A sample fragment of the recharge file is shown below 0 6044333 0 00153943 60 9333 91 25 000101395 91 25 121 667 0 000441983 121 667 152 083 0 000650885 152 083 182 5 D 000557345 19825 212 917 0 0004 18008 212 917 243 333 0 000271938 243 333 273 750 27375 304 167 0 304 167 334 583 0 24583 365 2462 5B 06 365 S95 417 0 00016 5 16 235417425 233 000132375 425 033 456 25000195165 456 25 486 667 000152374 436 667 517 083 0 000551313 217 083 347 5 0 000759203 2475577 917 00000519504 212917 608 333 0 0004036 72 Note In Visual MODFLOW the recharge data saved in this file can be imported at the following part of the interface Input Boundaries Recharge Edit Property Export
137. ed in the Project Tree View Run Weather Generator HELP only Choose this icon to run the Weather Generator Run the current model for all profiles Choose this icon to run the model simulation for all profiles in the open project 15 Profile Icons 16 Ss BE a a 2 9 4 Prepare a Report Remote Data Access Copy Holder Mail To Help Topics Exit Choose this icon to prepare a report after you have run the simulation Choose this icon to open the archived project set or to open the project stored on the other machine through the LAN This icon is visible only when all projects are closed Use this icon to temporary store your projects while you are switching from one project set to another To save a copy of the project in the Copy Holder simply drag and drop the project from the Project Tree This icon is visible only when all projects are closed Click this icon to mail to the WHI s technical Support group Click this icon for on line help Click this icon to exit UnSat Suite The profile icons provide you with quick access to functions related to profiles View Zoom In Zoom Out Delete Layer s Restore Click this icon to switch from zooming mode to view mode Click this icon to zoom in on the profile Click this icon to zoom the profile out Choose this icon to delete selected layers in the profile view HELP Choose this icon to restore any layers that ha
138. ed into projects Each project is associated with a name an author a client and a location This simple method of distinguishing projects makes project management easier 2 Specifying Site Conditions is Intuitive All specific site data are organized in profiles which represent a unique combination of unsaturated zone structure and properties Graphical tools available in the Project Tree and Project Profile View make visualizing and modifying of profiles simple 3 Describing a Problem is Easy Soil and chemical properties are easy to edit and manage The interface tools allow you to easily specify initial and time varying boundary conditions of the site 4 Obtaining Accurate Weather Data is Simple 5 6 7 3 How to Contact WHI You can easily create a database of accurate weather information for your area of concern WHI UnSat Suite allows you to select from over 3000 weather stations around the world to create statistically reliable weather data for practically anywhere on the globe Model Output is Comprehensive UnSat Suite 2 1 output allows you to view information in a broad qualitative manner as well as a detailed quantitative form You can quickly see the effects of different properties designs or situations as you adjust the parameters of your project Presentation of Results is Easy You can use the Report Generator to easily create and print your own report which includes input information and
139. ed zone The salient featureS of the unsaturated zone is that both moisture content and the hydraulic conductivity of the material depends on the energy characteristic pressure head In VS2DT these dependencies can be approximated in three ways using the following functions e Brooks and Corey e van Genuchten e Haverkamp Editing the Soil Parameters You may access the soil properties from the Project Tree or from the Profile View To access soil properties from the Project Tree 1 lt the on the left side the soil parameters you are editing 2 Soil Parameters OR 210 Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile 1 lt the on the left side of the soil you are editing 2 lt right click gt on Soil Parameters 3 Click Edit The Profile Material Parameters dialogue box will open OR 1 lt right click gt on name of the soil you wish to edit 2 Click Properties The Edit Properties dialogue box will open 3 Click the Soil Parameters tab To access soil properties from the Profile View 1 lt right click gt on the layer 2 Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties dialogue box will open 3 Click the Soil Parameters tab OR 1 on the layer The Profile Material Properties dialogue box will open 2 Click the Soil Parameters tab Gere arar leet Paredes Ine Codon Prost al Lira Cerrar Too Saba el H Ara e da r E Haria Sel Hd Cordura meie Horea prepih urie e Ara Vo n
140. eginning of a period Note To learn about step wise approximation methods see the explanation in the previous section p 296 2 Calculate intensity check box This will divide the monthly totals for precipitation by 30 4 to calculate the daily average recharge the recharge rate 3 Edit the file name in the Export to file text box if necessary 4 the icon ly to the right of the Export to file text box This will activate the browser Navigate to the directory where you would like to store your output file 5 the Export button The export data for recharge file will appear in the designated directory A sample fragment of the recharge file is shown below 60 0333 0 00454354 60 033 91 25 O 0061690e A1l 5 lal 667 0 02lb62 lt 21 141 667 152 003 0 00 75222 152 003 182 5 0 010 337 162 5 12 217 0 0103651 l 917 245 555 0 0132925 245 555 275 75 0 0124 7245 23 75 304 167 0 00479261 304 167 334 563 0 010 644 334 583 365 0 00204997 Note Note In Visual MODFLOW the recharge data saved in this file can be imported at the 326 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results following part of the interface Input Boundaries Recharge Edit Property The export contaminant concentration in recharge the sequence of actions should be similar to the previously described for recharge rate except the check box Calculate intensity should not be activated A sample frag
141. elp Model Gutout 2 1000 2 06 08 PH IS Dady Output Monthy Output 1 4 Ves 3 O me Precision O me Aisne O Exspollanspralon 5 Final eater storage in Layers By Tables Now select the check box beside the Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 in the Output Tree as it is used in the WHI UnSat Suite to select variables You will produce a graph of percolation through the bottom of the unsaturated profile the recharge rate for year 3 in the Result window However the task is to export recharge data for all 10 years of simulation To do this click the right mouse button at the name of the variable Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 The following dialog box will appear 312 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results Send To d Combine All Preceding Combine All Following Combine ll This dialog box allows you to select the data aggregation method If you select Combine All Preceding the data for all preceding years and the current year will be presented If you select Combine All Following the data for the current year and all following years will be presented If you select Combine All the data for the whole simulation period will be presented Combine All The following graph will appear in the Result Window 1 T Het Window This graph shows monthly variation of recharge over the 10 year period Exporting data To export data p
142. en and the UnSat Suite window will appear shown below To enlarge the graph viewing area you may fs Click the icon to close the Project Tree View or click the X in the LE Profile View to close it To select the output category click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box The following list will appear Specified Time Specified Depth Click the category you wish to view The first available result group for this category will appear in the listbox below To view all available result groups click the arrow in the Select Name of Category Result at drop down listbox Specified Time and Depth The list of output times will appear if you select Specified Time in the Select Result Category drop down listbox 242 Chapter 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Use the slider to reach the time of your interest and click it The selected time will appear in the drop down box Select Specified Time Result At e To view results for this specific time click the icon to the right of the Select Specified Time Result at box The list of results will open in the Result Tree Output w coe eee HA vers 2 00 peat El VLlesch Model Output 371 8 26 1 20404 AM E E Speotied Time MOE sm Concentiston in ss phe OW Concention mm Sola stes Taa Corncaniadon a Seal sobd priate E Speotied Depth Balance E Tate Click the check box beside the type of var
143. end To Combine All Preceding Combine All Following Combine All This dialog box allows you to select the data aggregation method If you select Combine All Preceding the data for all preceding years and the current year will be presented If you select Combine All Following the data for the current year and all following years will be presented If you select Combine All the data for the whole simulation period will be presented Combine All The following graph will appear in the Result Window 1 Heidi Maras ret Template Fa Depth Table 0 1 vaus i ii d lo AA mM l INN l E 1030 2090 030 This graph shows monthly variation of percolation through the bottom of the ash layer over the 10 year period Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 303 Exporting data from Visual HELP To export data presented on the graph place the mouse pointer at the graph line the bubble sign will appear and click right mouse button A button named Export will appear Export The Export Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 dialog box will appear u Export Percolation w beakanoe theowgh Lape 1aale Use unset expotfomet M jAversgewalue FF Add value to esisting export fie aad F tb isis fc beginning of a penod C comma C semcolon Walid for rechasge estimation onip P Aocend daa lo esos ite Expat a _ Carece e 3 Use unsat export
144. ep length 1s reduced if convergence is not achieved Maximum allowed change in head per time Step Steady state head criterion to finish the iteration process for the time step When the change in head between successive time steps is less than this value it is assumed that steady state has been reached UnSat Suite allows the user to view model results for time steps However your desired output times may not coincide with the default time steps In this case you can specify your own output time Observation Times In the Observation Times dialogue box you have to input times to display results and choose if you are going to see results this model run If the Balance Summary check box is set to yes the balance summary for the selected time will be printed for the run By default no time steps are set You can add and delete time steps to suit your needs Part 4 The VS2DT Model 193 194 To open the Observation Times dialogue box use one of the two following methods To open the Edit Parameters dialogue box 1 lt right click gt on Output Settings 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters dialogue box will open 3 or lt double click gt on the Observation Times The Edit Parameters dialogue box will open The Observation Times dialogue box is shown below J Edit Parameters Observation Times Parameters Time Balance summary Enter your tine If this variable set to yes balance summary values in this Wi
145. epth Monthly Output This output category allows you viewing balances of water and contaminant as well as breakthrough curves at fixed depth in specific sublayer within annual cycles of simulation All the methods of output viewing described above for the Specified Depth Annual Summary are applicable to the Specified Depth Monthly Output category At the first level of output you have to select the year to view Within the year output branch the structure of the output for this general category are much the same as that for Specified Depth Annual Summary Specified Depth Monthly Output in the Select Result Category drop down list box The first available annual set of results Part 6 The SESOIL Model 289 290 Year 1 will show up in the drop down list box Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result at below Qutput x Select Fissu Categoiy Hal paed Depth Monthy Output Seleci Spashed Daph Hanhi Oud put Fecal AL Let for example examine the pollutant concentration in the bottom of the profile in case you have all allowed layers and sublayers this refers to Layer 4 Sublayer 10 for year 3 the arrow in the Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result at drop down listbox The list of available annual sets will appear Year 3 from the drop down list theicon f tothe right of the Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result at drop down list box to view available results fo
146. epwise approximation drop down listbox and select the appropriate approximation method e g Values for beginning of a period 2 Calculate intensity check box This will divide the monthly totals for percolation through the ash layer by 30 4 which is the daily average precipitation Note this is requested because the HELP model produces recharge values accumulated over a selected time interval day month or year in units of length m in Metric unit template while VS2DT requires input in units of flux m day This functions should not be activated if the HELP output was produced with daily intervals Note If the percolation data were accumulated over a year Annual Output in Visual HELP the results will be divided by 365 25 when this function is applied 3 Import The imported data will appear as the Flow Upper Boundary parameter group Peat Flees Lise Y rra Sari Tae Ta Bb T deter Poney em no O vaa f la ae 0000 mgn Fla ed bg Dl CO e l Frw Eii Hii zit Fii wik Dies E i mati 31 35 ii BAT Fam win DME ep i ae ie 1235 ba 15 Flim ahji Fese a i a dim 153 007 150 50 Fia miia TFE H 1 de Mia iK Sa Zim Flia wig r 1 rod die sin A ei Fim in es i Ae ay MSH 71 Fim m 7 i Ih mim Ta ET Fla AA VA l winn Ei 157 Ta Fiam wieg ZT mimi Ta 59 388 mi FRE wide Eta 33 1 iti TE 000 AT Fim dy 1 SSE 33 i THINE ay it Ed Fam abe DE 8 l Id AL C2 or 1 70 Fl Tida El CO HE l 1S eT il 5 Ape La Fun
147. er Generator click Import The following dialogue box will appear FY Import Data Ed nput Format City i Canadian Region NOAA tape W All Years O Glimatedata C ASCII recipitation Browse Solar Radiation Browse Temperature Browse OK Cancel Help Type the name of the location in the City box and the abbreviated name of the region or province in the Region box In the Input Format frame you can see that the Canadian option button 1s selected To import precipitation data from a file type the file name in the Precipitation box or click Browse to browse for the file Use the same procedure to import solar radiation data and temperature data Click OK 123 If you wish to import data for a subset of years in your file clear the All Years option Type the start year for desired set of years in the Start Year box Type the end year for desired set of years in the End Year box Click OK City Waterloo Region fon All Years start Year End Year To run UnSat Suite successfully you also need to specify the evapotranspiration coefficients for your site This can be done by using the evapotranspiration coefficients for one of the database weather stations and editing them In the main dialogue box of Weather Generator click the database city and proceed to the Evapotranspiration tab Edit the evapotranspiration coefficients to suit your local conditions m s in
148. er material you have to select the appropriate Material Category and Material Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 43 the drop down arrow of the Material Category text box The list of available categories will appear WS ADT Loamy Sand Group 5207 Sandy Loam Group 5207 Sandy Clay Loam Group 5207 Silt Group WS2DT Silt Loam Group 5207 Clay Loam Group 5207 Loam Group S207 Silty Clay Loam Group Select a desired category and click it Now you can open the list of materials available within the newly selected category and choose one of them After you have selected the material you may edit its parameters to make them completely matching your case These are the main common tools used to customize and edit profile objects in the Project Tree View There are some other tools associated with specific models These tools are described in the corresponding sections of the manual Working in the Profile View The Profile View is a part of the interface where the profile is presented graphically and where its geometry and parameters may be edited A profile view of the default VS2DT profile is used to demonstrate common tools used in the Profile View window TA S A Profile ki 0 2 7 Elevation tm 12 BE 2 2 44 Chapter 3 Common Tools Merging Layers Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface If you click anywhere within the profile picture a menu will appear Layer i Profle i Prop be 5 Tare s Tempa
149. erage value for the previous and next day All corrections will be documented in the Import log file Part 2 The HELP Model 125 126 You may print this file and make your own corrections of missing daily records If the source files contain missing monthly records UnSat Suite Visual HELP will stop checking procedure and put a message at the end of the Import log file Line 56 File D GEN Import NDAA AM Depo NOAd PFC tt Error Expected 8 1964 Found 9 1964 Missing month data Missing monthly records have to be corrected or the whole year with a missing record has to be deleted by the user from the original file Note If you are going to delete a year with a missing monthly record to prevent a consistency of weather data you have to delete corresponding annual records from the rest of the files E g 1f year 1964 of the sample precipitation file contains a missing monthly record all records for this year has to be deleted from the precipitation minimum temperature and maximum temperature files After you deleted years with missing monthly records run the import feature again Scroll the precipitation Import log file to the end and if no missing monthly records were reported click OK The program will start checking for the minimum and maximum temperature files Scroll the temperature Import log file to the end and 1f no missing monthly records were reported click OK The following message will inform you about
150. ermeability e g loam or clay often compacted which is designed to limit percolation and leakage Geomembrane Liner This is a synthetic flexible membrane designed to restrict vertical drainage and limit leakage Geotextiles and Geonets This is a new type of layer that was not available in the original DOS HELP It is a synthetic material designed to drain water laterally Geotextiles and geonets are produced industrially and have specific thicknesses which are determined by the limitations of industriously technologies Whereas the thickness of lateral drainage layers can be specified by the user in UnSat Suite Geotextiles and geonets are not resizable in UnSat Suite All of the layers have the same parameters except for the Geomembrane Liner The common parameters are described below Total Porosity Average ratio of empty space to material Field Capacity Moisture storage after a prolonged period of gravity drainage corresponding to a suction of 1 3 bar Wilting Point The lowest moisture storage that can be achieved by plant transpiration or air drying corresponding to a suction of 15 bars Saturated Hydraulic ConductivityPermeability of saturated material under a unit pressure gradient A unit pressure gradient refers to a unit change in head measured in units of length per unit change in distance downstream in the same units of length in saturated 1 D flow Note that a Geomembrane is considered to have Isotro
151. es E Flo Gut of domin ties ipeocided No bound O a Foetal Acs ro donan O ma Toa Hs oul of doman O a Exsporsbor i Tiarapralon a Taal apli repair O mai Changa im hd Horred m doma O m Fiai umna baleno fa Rate fa Tables Chapter 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Select the desired variables and view them using all tools described earlier Note All balance constituents in VS2DT are calculated for a profile with the unit area 1 sq cm independently on the unit system selected However balance variables measured in volumes of water or pollutant mass are presented in the units selected by the user in the output Viewing Tables UnSat Suite allows you to view and edit VS2DT balance tables and add them to a report To access the desired table click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box and click Tables If you click the arrow in the lower drop down box you will get four types of tables to select Flow Balance Mass Balance Accumulated Flow Balance Accumulated Mass Balance Select the table from the list and click the icon to the right of the Select Tables Result at box The table will appear in the Output Tree Click the check box beside the table in the Output Tree to view all results available for this specific table The following dialogue box will appear Li Table Mast Bala Select T abie Awe To Display 01230 des Select Table Colum To Display Fha m
152. eters o oooooooooorroorr eee eens 215 Dependent Transport Parameters Lirio ars tenet aei ee aE 215 13 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting 217 Runnine the V S2DT Wiodel 33 4 dudo di ees Dd es 217 Viewing the Original VS2DT Input and Output Files 0 0 0 0 eee eee eee 217 Viewme the Output Orla sis uta ts eh es we oho Sand ES Eee Sea SEs ae ewes 218 Specitied Iine and Depth ot 264 suchc trae deine sadedehs ald bab tewaw db eid et oss 219 Balance Accumulated Balance and Rate 222 Contents 5 Viewine Tabl suta ati dead ad alto a 223 Created REDON vertida See eee ee Ceo ones Need Coes 224 Editins Node Stress Periods 04 traido SENOS Oe id abies 225 The VLEACH Models 22 14 INCFOGUCHION lt a o 229 15 Input pecHica ON AA 231 SPecihyine tie Case Seine e A we ket we bok by 231 Specikying the Contaminant sde soko eS Suet eee es el eRe ee ease eee eke 232 setting Initial Conditions slarraga a ad SORTS SRE eee a 232 Substituting the Contaminant eses sie reuera A A A ed es 234 Editne Coniaminant Properties saaria a a A 235 Modilyine the Proteus dass res rd til ek oA 2393 Prone Roper eS 0 rate E E Ad ENEE ee eee 235 Resizins tHe Laver las dhe shea ddr dd a A a 237 Substitutins ANS Layer scada sde as E 237 Editing Son Properties naci ds e DA A in 238 16 Viewing Output and Reporting ooooooooooooooo orcos 241 Original DOS VLEACH Output
153. etween WHI UnSat Suite Models 4 Open your SESOIL project and the Climate Annual Input table 263 264 5 amp the drop down arrow in the Import drop down list box and select Import from HELP from the list that appears as seen below 21 Import Data e ES 6 If you have more than one Visual HELP project in the current project set the drop down arrow to the right of the Import from Projects drop down list box and select the appropriate project The name of the exported Visual HELP variable Export Evapotranspiration will appear in the Import From Exports drop down list box 7 Import Monthly Mean Air Temperature Total Monthly Precipitation Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration Rate and Number of Storms for the specified weather station will appear in the appropriate rows of the Climate Annual Input table The only parameter you have to input manually is Mean Storm Duration However this parameter does not change drastically from year to year thus making data input relatively simple 8 OK when complete Chapter 15 Input Specification Specifying Soil Erosion and Contaminant Washload Two parameter groups are used to specify soil erosion and contaminant washload settings The Washload Settings parameter group contains soil and landscape parameters that govern annual erosion and contaminant washload processes Specifying Washload Settings Part 6 The SESOIL Model To open the Washload Settings parameter g
154. ew graphical environment specifically designed for simulating one dimensional groundwater flow and contaminant transport through the unsaturated zone The ideas and approaches tested in Visual HELP version 1 101 have been advanced The product has been sold to our clients in three versions Visual HELP 2 1 which included the HELP model WHI UnSat Suite 2 1 which included PESTAN VLEACH and VS2DT and WHI UnSat Suite Plus 2 1 which included HELP PESTAN VLEACH and VS2DT Currently more than 400 copies of this product are being used by consulting companies government regulator bodies and Universities in U S A Canada U K Germany Australia Sweden Mexico France Slovenia Slovakia and Hungary New Features of WHI UnSat Suite 2 2 The SESOIL Model has been added SESOIL a popular US EPA model which is capable to simultaneously model water transport pollutant washload sediment transport and pollutant fate has been added to the modelling suite The Pollutant Parameter Database has been expanded The database of pollutant parameters for PESTAN model has been expanded The new pollutant database for SESOIL contains all necessary parameters for 24 common industrial and agricultural pollutants Introduction Internal Data Transfer and Output Export become available The data transfer between the WHI UnSat Suite models as well as export model data for use with other applications or processing with spreadsheet programs e g M
155. file for information purpose Note All balance constituents in VS2DT are calculated for a profile with the unit area 1 sq cm independently on the unit system selected However balance variables measured in volumes of water or pollutant mass are presented in the units selected by the user in the output Elevation Top The elevation of the uppermost layer of the profile The uppermost soil layer will either stretch or contract depending on whether the top elevation will increase or decrease in result of editing The minimum allowed top elevation 1s the lower boundary of the top soil layer Elevation Bottom The elevation of the lowermost layer of the profile The bottom soil layer will either stretch or contract depending on whether the bottom elevation will increase or decrease in result of editing The minimum bottom elevation 1s the upper boundary of the bottom soil layer Elevation Units Select the elevation length units from the units listbox Changing the Soil Profile Layer Structure The layer structure of the default soil profile and customized soil profiles can be altered to correspond with a desired or observed soil profile To maintain the profile s elevations and expedite changes layer structure 204 Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile may be revised by either merging or splitting layers Merging layers deletes one layer and expands the other layer into the space occupied by the deleted layer Splitting layers di
156. files In HELP interface which is developed to make the landfill designing easy the user may e resize any layer editing its thickness or graphically e edit parameters of the layer s slope e substitute material in the layer e delete the layer e split the layer e insert a layer above the current e resize the adjacent layers graphically by moving the layer s boundary e and insert a layer inside the current after using the split layer function The total profile thickness may change in result of layers editing The elevation of profile will change depending on either the fixed top or the fixed bottom condition was chosen Using the VS2DT model the user works with natural profiles In VS2DT interface which is developed to make multiple simulation of natural profiles easy the user may e edit profile s top and bottom elevation e substitute material in the layer e split the layer e merge adjacent layers e resize the adjacent layers graphically by moving the layer s boundary The total profile thickness and elevation usually remain unchanged in result of layers editing It will change only 1f the user changes top and bottom elevation This action will cause resizing of the top or bottom layers Accessing Objects There are two general ways of accessing the objects of profile structure in UnSat Suite You may either e double click the name of the object with the left mouse button e or click the name of
157. for each model with the Material Designer To begin open the dialog box To open the dialog box 1 From the File menu click Settings 2 click Material Designer Materials are stored separately for every model To use the Material Designer select the name of the model from the Model list Then select the layer type from the Material Category list Finally select the material from the Material list Chapter 2 General Features Material Designer Model Maternal Category Layer Material vs207 Y EJ 1s201 Sand Group Y waterloo Sand Maternal Propertie Name waterloo Sand Material number o Description description Thickness 30 Thickness units r 5207 Soil Parameters 52DT Transport Parameters S20 T Initial Conditions Units 1 Anisotropy Ratio of vertical to honzontal or radial cond a 64000000 me day Horizontal permeability under the unit pressi 0 01 Tr Change inf storage of the unit volume of me Horizontal 5 at Hydr Conductrity Specific Storage Porosity 0 45 ol ol Total fraction of voids DOS HE ITE 3 i 0 07 ol wo Residual moisture content DOS HE ITE 0 15 mi Bubbling or air entry pressure potential D Lambda Brooks and Corey 1 Pore size distribution index DOS HE ITE Aloha van Genuchterl 0 3 m van Genuchten s parameter for the prase z Moa Welete Close Help For VS2DT PESTAN and VLEACH in the Material Designer all soils are
158. for registration The model has been tested under field and laboratory conditions see extracts from the original PESTAN manual in Appendices Allowed profile structure One layer homogeneous profile Simulated processes Surface Constant recharge rate agricultural application of pesticides Subsurface Flow and transport of pesticides through the soil with constant velocity sorption and decay of pesticide leaking of pesticide to groundwater The vertical transport of dissolved pollutant through the vadose zone is simulated in PESTAN as a slug of contaminated water that migrates in homogeneous partly saturated soil The concentration of the chemical slug equals to the solubility of the pollutant in water A maximum of ten applications of the active ingredients can be applied in a single calculation and for each application the time of application prior to recharge needs to be provided The slug begins to enter the soil at the first precipitation and irrigation event at a rate equal to the pore water velocity The pollutants stored at the soil surface before the recharge is subject for solid phase decay Once the recharge starts the remaining pollutant is considered dissolved and starts to enter the soil In the soil the pollutant is influenced by liquid phase decay sorption and dispersion The flow of the pollutant slug occurs with the constant velocity The hydraulic conductivity of the soil accounts for partly saturated condit
159. format check box 4 the Export button Importing data into the VS2DT model To learn how to create a VS2DT project see Chapters 2 and 10 After you create a VS2DT project representing the portion of the unsaturated profile below the ash layer you may import data simulated by Visual HELP for flow through the ash layer In the VS2DT project tree 304 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results the Flow Upper Boundary parameter group The following dialog box will appear in the Boundary type field and select Flux from the list that appears the Import button at the bottom of the dialog box The following dialog box will appear the drop down arrow to the right of the Import to drop down list box Flux from the list that appears If you have more than one Visual HELP project in the current project set the drop down arrow to the right of the Import from Projects drop down list box and select the appropriate project Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 305 Unselect the Check export Value and Check export Argument boxes The name of the exported Visual HELP variable will appear in the Import From Exports drop down list box Qi Import Data Impol ip Fist Value 7 Fugumerd Models JHE el Projects HELF for 5207 el Experts cipal Parcolabion of lat aros Foca T Appiam mtd Values lot beginning of a perio le
160. fying Climate SESOIL requires you to specify monthly climate parameter values for the entire simulation length In the original SESOIL model the user had to input the required data manually However WHI UnSat Suite provides a direct link between SESOIL and the WHI Global Weather Generator allowing you to generate and import weather station data for nearly any location in the world Please NOTE that climate data 1s generated based on the weather generator database therefore the calculated data may vary slightly from the Weather Generator values To set climate conditions lt right click gt on Climate in the Project Tree Edit OR on Climate in the Project Tree The following dialog box will appear 238 Chapter 15 Input Specification Part 6 The SESOIL Model This dialog box allows you to easily input and edit the appropriate number of annual climatic data sets Each annual set must contain the following parameters specified for each month Mean Air Temperature Mean monthly air temperature Degrees C Mean Monthly Cloud Cover Mean monthly fraction of cloud cover ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 Mean Monthly Relative Humidity Mean monthly fraction of relative humidity ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 Short Wave Albedo Mean monthly fraction of short wave albedo ranging from 0 0 to 1 0 Mean Monthly Evapotranspiration RateMean monthly fraction of the evapotranspiration rate cm day Monthly Precipitation Total
161. ge obtained from this simulation will then be used as initial values and the simulation will start again from the beginning of year 1 The HELP model is typically used to simulate the failure of a waste contaminant design Civil engineers use this model to try different landfill designs and find the optimal combination of the landfill performance and cost The thickness of individual layers and the total profile depth are the terms of the optimization equations and can be edited by the user at any time Using the HELP model UnSat Suite allows the user to fix the top elevation or the bottom elevation of the designing profile The top elevation can be fixed when there is a constraint on the appearance of the landfill The bottom elevation can be fixed when there 1s a constraint on the depth of the landfill e g the bottom of the landfill should be above the highest groundwater level When the user edits the thickness of a layer the profile will change differently depending on whether the top or bottom elevation was fixed in the Profile Properties dialog box If the profile top was fixed and the user increase thickness of a layer the profile will grow downwards If the profile bottom was fixed and the user increase the thickness of a layer the profile will grow upwards Default HELP Profile rr ERRATA rats a Top elevation k z Li e E Bottom elevation Layers in the HELP model are organized by the hydraulic function th
162. ginal Listing The Original Model Listing dialogue box will appear Here you can view the original listing find specific expressions mark and print parts or make a printout of the model results If you want to see the HELP input file click the Input File tab To print the file or the marked part of a file Print from the File menu Specify the print properties and click OK to print Viewing the Output Graphs After the model has successfully ran the Output View and Result View windows will open and the UnSat Suite window will look the following way To enlarge the graphs viewing area you may EE Click the icon to close the Project Tree View or click the X in the Profile View to close it To select the output category click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down listbox The following list will appear Daily Output Monthly Output Annual Total Accumulated Final water storage in Layers T ables Click the category you wish to view Part 2 The HELP Model 135 136 The first possible result group will appear in the listbox below To view all available result groups click the arrow in the Select Name of Category Result at drop down listbox Annual Total and Accumulated Annual Balance UnSat Suite offers a wide range of methods of viewing results We recommend that you begin by viewing your results with an Annual Total time scale The option to graph Accumulated Volumes
163. gth and Metric template uses m for 316 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results length Both templates use days units for time In these cases you may use units ft day or m day for recharge rate in Visual MODFLOW To change units in the SESOIL model in the Main menu Project Properties The following dialog box will appear 7 Pral Pinperise SEL ert 2 open by SKEAN Units tab The Units selection dialog box will appear the drop down arrow beside Output and select Customary or Metric from the drop down list D Pract Propettess SESOIL Test 2 open bp MIF PAIL MA Ei Futter Chem 1o Oe the Edit Units button to view edit the model units Please refer to section 2 for a detail description of unit templates OK to close the dialog box Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 317 Select variables to export and combine data monthly output As 1t was explained in Chapter 15 the SESOIL model calculates unsaturated flow and contaminant transport using monthly intervals In the output the variation of groundwater recharge and contaminant concentration in recharge are presented in two time scales e annually in result category Specified Depth Annual Summary e monthly in result category Specified Depth Monthly Output Monthly output data are presented in 12 number sets one number per month and the output contains N suc
164. h sets where N is the number of years simulated To export the monthly data for each year of simulation you must combine all annual data sets for selected variable Next you will learn how to select annual data for groundwater recharge and contaminant concentration Selecting annual groundwater recharge Specified Depth Annual Summary in the Select Result Category drop down list box The lower drop down list box Select Specified Depth Annual Summary Result at will show the first available sub category Hydrologic Cycle Components the icon pS to the right of the Select Depth Annual Summary Result at box The list of available hydrologic variables will appear 3 0 Seta Model Duim 421 00 1 24 30 PM LI Soeched Tere Concentston h Specified Depth Monthly Output q Soscihed Depth Annua Sunny 6 Aydtrologie Coche Components O bocina r Laser T O a Hae baka Lapai 1 O a Precplaton O Net Inblirabon O m Exspolrsrapraon O e Sufsce Auro O a Groundwater Hecharge O a Hose Retention O MA vid f the check boxes beside Groundwater Recharge 318 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results A graph for Groundwater Recharge will appear in the Result View window Time Depth Table m a mo T5 365 1365 2365 3365 Time days E Groundwater Recharge Hydrologic Cycle Components Now you may examine simulated Recharge The steps to export the Grou
165. hange the properties of the material It is important however to make sure that the model numbers do not repeat Each new material within a model should have a new number In the Thickness box you can enter the default thickness of the material Every time you enter the material into a profile it will be entered at this thickness Click the accompanying units for the thickness in the Thickness units box The Soil Parameters tab will display all the editable properties of the soil You can specify the materials default property values in the appropriate boxes in the Value column You can also click the accompanying units from the Units column If you are designing or modeling for the VS2DT model there will be additional tabs for Transport Parameters and Initial Conditions To edit these parameters click the appropriate tab Type in the new value in the appropriate boxes in the Value column You can click and select other units from the Units column if you have your data in different units When you have completed specifying the properties of the new material Add Adding new contaminant to the database In addition to adding new soil materials to the database you can add new contaminants Pesticide and contaminant categories present in each model are listed in the Material Category list along with the various soil categories New pesticides contaminants can be added using the same procedure outlined above Modifying and Deleting
166. he Weather Generator Note For this GIS searcher a longitudinal value that is negative indicates west while a positive value indicates east Similarly a negative value for latitude is south while a positive value is north After clicking the nearby database city two sets of co ordinates will appear under the Project tab of the Weather Generator Under Project Location you will see the co ordinates of your project site Under Representative Meteo Station you will see the co ordinates of the most representative meteo station which was selected from the database 110 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Project Precipitation Temperature E vapotranspiration Database roject Location Region Latitude Longitude City vvageningen NETH E 39 5 83 Add to Database epresentative Meteo Station City Region Latitude Longitude PEELEN fuere 52 07 5 88 imulation Length Number of Years lo Search Database By Location Joan fren E DAUGAVPILS LATY LATY By Region recipitation nits i Synthetic Imperial DEUSELBACH Historical e etic Now you can generate weather data for your project During the calculation the Weather Generator will use all of the parameters of the selected database weather station except the latitude and longitude The latitude and longitude of your project site will be used This correction allows you to generate more accurate values of
167. he elevation potential is always negative within the profile because the datum is taken at the soil surface and the elevation 1s counted negatively downwards The flux into domain 1s counted positively and out of domain negatively Setting Flow Boundaries To edit flow boundaries open the appropriate parameter group To open the Flow Boundary parameter group 1 lt right click gt on the boundary you wish to edit 2 Click Edit The Upper or Lower Flow Boundary dialog box will open or the name of the group The Edit Parameters dialog box is shown below Lil arar EDT Fi ippa Tourada A parein 1 Aah F Tig His Em 06 j z pN IE ET LET E ii F 1 117743004 Pia hae P T co S of Ere He You can add time steps by Add For each time step you can specify the Start Time and End Time in the appropriate boxes The duration of the time step appears in brackets next to the time step number Select the boundary condition for the time step from the Boundary Type list box In the Value box type the value of the flow and select the appropriate units from the Units list box Ponding of water occurs when the rate of precipitation is greater than the rate of infiltration The infiltration rate may be high at the beginning of the stress period when the pressure head gradient in the soil is high but at a certain point the ability of soil to infiltrate water may get smaller than the
168. he user to select from a number of different time scales However the Visual MODFLOW allows you to select the units for recharge rate separately while the Visual HELP uses consistent units for time and length for all output results In addition the HELP model produces recharge values percolation through the unsaturated zone accumulated over a selected time interval day month or year in units of length while Vusual MODFLOW requires input in units of flux m day As such you must be careful to choose your recharge rate in Visual MODFLOW such that the units of length in the numerator and the units of time in the denominator e g m day are the same as the units of time in the Visual HELP model For example if the Visual HELP model length units are m and time units are days you must select units of recharge in m day However if you wish to have your recharge to be imported into the Visual MODFLOW in specific units or the Visual HELP units does not match with allowed Visual MODFLOW recharge units you need to change length and time units in the Visual HELP model As aresult of running the Visual HELP Infiltration Lab and subsequently selecting the Annual Total rate Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 option in the Output tree the following figure appears Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 309 T alt a Total Elan dl Hip hiria Ami 2 2 DA DE P i WP Dd hm pal i MS Monthy Ch iz
169. hen Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 299 combined WHI has developed a technology that combines the advantages of each model and allows them to work together in the most efficient way During the first stage of this technology the upper part of the unsaturated zone specific top layer or the root zone is simulated with the HELP model and Weather Generator This simulation provides high accuracy for assessment of water flux values at the bottom of the upper layer During the second stage the VS2DT model is used to simulate unsaturated flow and transport of a specific chemical in the major lower part of the soil profile using results from the HELP simulation as an upper boundary condition To illustrate the application of this technology we will examine a practical case to which WHI UnSat Suite was previously applied The case conditions are as follows Some innovative companies have developed processes for recycling powerplant bottom ash the by product of coal combustion The processed ash product is used as construction fill to a depth of 2 feet at the site near Buffalo NY The ash contains chlorine which can potentially leach from the ash and contaminate groundwater During the first stage HELP was used to assess the monthly values of water percolating through the 2 feet ash layer for a monthly intervals The compacted aggregated ash has the following parameters the saturated hydraulic conductivity 0 8 m day the
170. how profile distribution of the variable for different times 4 WO des a aia a a ga Corera pore E lol oreo A SO das a Lops se en g Looe oe fm Tal coca 0 THR tos a Lome rr 2 e Coca Ti al a Told aaa O ML des e Lorca n HE E a Toa dar h imeem Dep Lal Alca To erase an output for specific time from the Result View window deselect the corresponding check box in the Result Tree If you wish to clear the Result View window Output from the main menu Clear Display Results 165 166 To view output for other variables click the corresponding check box A warning will be posted if the new and previous variables are measured in different units Sun ar Lats fos the ae data ae are for ecg ore E miima as ral be eee Crete E To view both variables which are measured in different units you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable The following menu will appear Profile Results Mew Result Window Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method To see outputs for more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results Ne
171. iable you wish to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window To add the graph for another time to the same window select a new time from the Select Specified Time Result at box and check the same variables a warning will display 1f you choose different variables The Part 5 The VLEACH Model 243 244 Result View will show profile distribution of the variable for different times Did E Had Samat Bact Casgay p T Dh tate i paciad Taa e J ech bil Dra AMOO TED Jh lpm Ta Ep 3100 ii RO TE al er A sor e el aa e mun aida cr O Spm E Coc a paa T E Carr al a a Cito Bet e ie En tN pee a Cee ee pee A i E Caceres a Sl del oh E pac rd Det E alia lii To erase an output for a specific time from the Result View window unselect the corresponding check box in the Result Tree To clear the Result View window Output from the main menu Clear Display Results If you wish to view output for other variable click the corresponding check box The warning will be posted 1f the new and previous variables are measured in different units Warming Sore gi Limits for fhe rev dale are ler hom carry ores Ce To view both variables which are measured in different units you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Windo
172. iewing are applicable to the Specified Depth category However the graphs of this category will present time changes of the variable occurred at a specific depth Points of the profile depth are restricted to the nodes of the finite difference mesh The list of all nodes of the mesh will appear if you have selected Specified Depth category in the Select Result Category drop down list box and click the drop down arrow of the Select Specified Depth Result at box 221 a 400 cm Select desired depth from this list Open the list of available variables and select variables to view using the same tools as described earlier for the Specified Time output category Balance Accumulated Balance and Rate The VS2DT model allows you to view mass of the profile balance graphs and add them to a report To select the desired category click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down list box and click Balance Accumulated Balance or Rate For each of the choices you may select either Flow or Mass in the lower drop down box of the Result View To view all results available for this specific type of output click the icon to the right of the Select Specified Time Result at box The list of available variables will appear y Speched Tma E Speched Depth F Bsience Accumulated Balance 0 a O maj Fix mo doman ars mpacha permes head bounds O a Fia out of damn 531055 specied persat ied bonds a Plis ro donan ad epee He born
173. ile name Description Type a profile description Part 6 The SESOIL Model 273 Elevation Specify the top elevation of the profile Area Specify the land area represented by this profile Setting the Profile Material 274 The SESOIL profile represents the unsaturated zone consisting of one homogeneous material extending from the soil surface to the groundwater table 1 e the water table is the bottom of the profile To view the parameters of the profile material 1 lt right click gt on the soil in the Profile View 2 Click Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties dialogue box for the soil will open OR the soil name in the Project Tree View OR lt right click gt the soil name and click Properties The following dialog box will appear Hais sl Coisgoty Hasy C N Berea IESO bod Passreiess assoriplior al 7 Lagar T op i Lagar e Exotica Eliew ation iF Elasin Fi Siope P stops la Siopa iargh f 7 Shope Lenght PA MP 0 This dialog box provides you with information on the profile material To match the soil profile to your case you may either substitute the material with one from the SESOIL database or edit the material parameters Chapter 15 Input Specification Part 6 The SESOIL Model Substituting the Profile Material To substitute a material 1 Select a new material category from the Material Category list The available soils will
174. iles or for one profile if it is a single gt project click the operational icon above the Project Tree View or Run in the main menu and then click VS2DT A progress bar will appear to indicate the computation progress as shown below Stace WS2DT HUMT reducedio 400 to avoid axira lange oudpe LL a i ose Viewing the Original VS2DT Input and Output Files To view the original VS2DT output Output in the main menu and then View Original Listing The following window will appear Part 4 The VS2DT Model 217 ODT gob Caged Moock Lig ME T Tanh pee tania Fae Oe ee ee ee idad araceli al uE ZOr TIH ATID A RF AM a Te Tee MA PALOS Se GCA GEITH hh PREP EA FEA PEP TEN TFR PE PER PEPPER TEETER TEA PTFE PEP EE Tes ese b E b b d AAA AAA AAA TEATELE AAA AA Pidal MATA Piar Loe EPR proto ee Ae Pe as HA eT A mr 8 DUDO da TIALE EL 6 en HOMER BF BPE FERIAL ii sl ej E a es Tal a reg A Here you can view the original listing find specific expressions mark and print parts or make a complete printout of the model results If you want to see the VS2DT input file click the Input File tab Viewing the Output Graphs After the model has successfully ran the Output View and Result View window will open and the UnSat Suite window will appear as below s Ware Sa A i Le mp FEET oda Al Ss de Toe FE To enlarge the viewing area click the icon to clo
175. ill repeat the depth step for the previous layer and copy the value of the concentration Edit the start end depths and concentration for the layers Although the VLEACH model requires the initial contaminant concentration to be input by cells that have a constant depth You may input the initial contaminant concentration according to the observed distribution The program will recalculate into cell concentrations taking into account weights of different layers if a cell includes more than one layer As easy as depth steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a depth increment 1 Click the box for the step you wish to delete 2 Delete All the depth increments can be deleted by Delete All MS TE 4 pag en tha codo vas mes cobra OK after you are done 233 Substituting the Contaminant To substitute a chemical open Profile Material Properties dialogue box for the chemical To open Profile Material Properties dialog box 1 the name of the pesticide Or 2 lt right click gt the name of the pesticide and click Edit L Pioi Material Piugerlia the drop down arrow of the Material list box The list of available pesticides will appear Benzene Toluene Tetrachloroethylene Select a desired chemical and click it After you have selected the chemical you may edit 1ts parameters to make them completely matching your case In UnSat Suite version 2 101 the lis
176. ime from the Result View window unselect the corresponding check box in the Result Tree To clear the Result View window Output from the main menu Clear Display Results If you wish to view output for other type of variable e g Adsorbed on Soil click the corresponding check box The warning will be posted 1f the new and previous variables are measured in different units Sta 04 Unite for fhe ree daia aa dilereni hom eating ores Eicthing cate sal be cleared Contre J Part 6 The SESOIL Model 293 Preparing a Report To view both variables which are measured in different units you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable The following menu will appear Profile Results Hew Result Window Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method To see outputs for more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Result Window 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 To present results of your SESOIL simulation to your clients you may use the UnSat Suite Report
177. in the Select Result Category drop down listbox To view all results available for this specific type of output click the icon to the right of the Select Balance Result at box The list of available variables will appear Mass in Sail Water Mass sorbed in Soil solid phase Total Mags In Vadoze one 245 Select the desired variables and view them using all tools described earlier Viewing Tables UnSat Suite allows you to view and edit VLEACH balance tables and add them to a report To access the desired table click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down listbox and click Tables In the lower Select Tables Result at box you will get Balance and Accumulated Balance i Click the icon to the right of the Select Tables Result at box to add the output to the Output Tree In the Output Tree select the check box beside the Balance to view all results available for this specific table The following dialogue box will appear w Table Balance Takoi Table Hors To Displsy ea 0 00 Pale ES Select Table Columns To Displsy dar mn Gat phata Tes 00 Hai rm Sid Aaa Tes 00 Pe bap be on Si coll phata Yea 00 pr Told Mace im adores Zire aa 00 Yea 5 00 Yeah 00 aa 00 Tesi 00 Yes 00 es 10 00 246 Chapter 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Here you may select desired output times and variables to customize your table You may use the following tools for editing a table U
178. ing parameters Value boxes are drop down lists Select from the Value list to edit the parameter Note The only parameters with changeable units are Flow Equation Closure and Transport Equation Closure The following parameters can be edited using the methods discussed above Flow Equation Closure Closure criteria for the iterative solution of the flow equation units used for head A higher value will decrease the number of iterations required for head to converge Relaxation Relaxation parameter for the iterative solving process The relaxation 182 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Transport Equation Closure Weighting Hydr Cond Min Iterations Max Iterations Space Differencing Time Differencing Max Number of Time Steps parameter directly influences the time for convergence Closure criteria for the iterative solution of the transport equation units used for concentration Active only if Transport Simulation Case Settings Group is set not to No Transport Simulation A higher value of this parameter will decrease the number of iterations required for concentration to converge Weighting option for inter cell relative hydraulic conductivity Should be 1 for full upstream weighting 0 5 for arithmetic mean 0 0 for geometric mean Minimum number of iterations per time Step Maximum number of iterations per time step Closure criteria for the iterative solution of the flow equation units used
179. intensity of flow at the boundary As a result the water accumulates above the surface of the profile Therefore ponding only occurs at the upper flow boundary and is given as a height of water The height is 189 Transport Boundaries 190 assumed to be constant at all points on a flat surface Any water that accumulates above this height is assumed to runoff discharge to other areas and is not recharged into the profile The units for ponding can be specified by selecting the appropriate units for the list box below the title column for Ponding The value for ponding for each time step can be typed in the appropriate text boxes Time steps do not have to be added at the end They can be added anywhere in the time period To insert a time step between two existing time steps 1 Click the box below where your new step will be inserted 2 7 Insert As easy as time steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a time step 1 Click the box for the step you wish to delete 2 7 Delete All the time steps can be deleted by Delete All Transport boundaries can be set as either a specified concentration or as a fixed mass flux or as no specified boundary The specified concentration 1s the most commonly used type of transport boundary condition For the boundary where flow is into the profile the mass flux rate is calculated as the sum of influx rate times concentration of inflow plus the rate of dispe
180. iods of variable length within which your knowledge of boundary processes allows you to presume uniformity The length of stress periods is determined by the user By managing types of boundary conditions and length of stress periods you may approximate any situation occurring at the upper and lower boundaries of the simulation domain For recommendations on which type of boundary condition needs to be used to simulate specific practical case look in the original VS2DT manual extract in the Manual folder of your installation CD Rom The original DOS VS2DT model required the stress period to be of the same length for all boundary conditions For example 1f the Upper Flow Boundary 1s used to simulate daily changes in pressure head all other boundary conditions must use the same stress periods However flow and transport processes at the boundary are independent by its nature In UnSat Suite the length of stress periods for all four boundary conditions 187 may be specified independently which makes the data input process more efficient and the simulation of boundary processes more flexible Boundary Rules Although the VS2DT model allows very flexible approximation of the boundary processes not all combinations of flow and transport boundary conditions are allowed The following chart 1s a summary of the permissible combinations for selecting boundary conditions A Transport Boundary Conditions Flow Boundary Fixed Fixed mass No specified
181. ion Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Divalent Each Soil s Default Parameters Divalent Transport Parameters K Ion exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C lon exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Monovalent Each Soil s Default Parameters Divalent Transport K lon exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Parameters m ge 8 y Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C lon exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation Part 4 The VS2DT Model 177 Divalent Each Soil s Default Parameters DIC ARPT K Ion exchange Ion exchange selectivity coefficient Parameters Q Ion exchange Ion exchange capacity of material C Ion exchange Total solution concentration for a pair of ions involved in the ion exchange process Solver Settings Transport Equation Closure Closure criteria for iterative solution of transport equation The transport parameters section always contains the default parameters except when there is no tran
182. ion data For more details about export see previous sections of this chapter When you are finished setting parameters for the export Export button Export of VS2DT data to Visual MODFLOW for multiple species As stated in the VS2DT description Part 4 Introduction this model is capable of simulating transport for only one chemical at a time However you can produce an export file that will contain more than one species The following algorithm allows you to create such a file determine the sequence of the species in the export file run the VS2DT model for the first species create the export file for this species as described in the previous section set new transport boundaries and initial chemical conditions for the second species while retaining the flow settings run the VS2DT model for the second spe cles open the Export dialog box In the Export dialog box set export settings for the second species similar to the settings for the first species in the Export to file text box select the file to which the first species was saved select Add value to existing export file check box Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 329 330 Concentration values for the second species will appear in the column next to the first species Z export_concl_2 txt Notepad Al ES Fie Edit Search Help 030 00074978144 000949557 2050 00162017 O 06456257 5300 0021105 0 102614 0
183. ion of pollutant flow transport and transformation within the natural profiles of the vadose zone Working with these profiles the user usually knows only the depth of the unsaturated zone while the exact layer structure is commonly unknown Applying VS2DT the user can set the top and bottom elevation of the profile and edit them at any time during the input data preparation However editing of the layer thickness by correcting the thickness value is not allowed To manipulate the soil layer structure within the fixed profile depth the user has a set of graphical tools with which he she can move the layer boundary split and merge layers and change the soil type within the layer When the user moves the upper profile boundary graphically or changes the top profile elevation the introduced changes will impact only the thickness of the upper layer Similarly a move of the upper profile boundary or changes to the bottom profile elevation will change only the thickness of the lower layer PESTAN and VLEACH are also models which simulate the natural profiles However they can simulate only a single layer profile 29 Creating a New Profile Using a Profile Template To use the profile template for creating of a new profile you must have a project loaded Once the project is loaded click New Profile from the Project menu You may also click the following icon from the Operational Toolbar Bl The New Profile Wizard dialog box will ope
184. ion where you want your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph using one of the methods described above 3 lt right click gt in the Result View 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report A graph may appear smaller than the original To get the graph to the desired size click the graph in the Report window and stretch it until it reaches the desired size Add necessary graphs into the report and write your comments You may insert a header and footer in your report apply different fonts and styles while working in the Report window To utilize these and other options 295 make corresponding selections from the main menu After you are done you may print the report or save it 296 Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 7 Export and Internal Transfer of Simulation Results 298 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results This section describes tools that enable internal transfer of data between models within WHI UnSat Suite as well as the export of model data for use with other applications Internal data transfer between WHI UnSat Suite models WHI UnSat Suite combines different models that illustrate unsaturated zone processes from different viewpoints The advantage of allowing different models to share the same interface 1s that as a whole the modeling package becomes more effective Data produced by one model and
185. ions using the Campbell s equation These are the basics of PESTAN conceptualization and assumptions For more information on the model s theory see extracts from the original PESTAN manual in Appendices Assumptions incorporated in PESTAN do not allow it to simulate such sophisticated cases as VS2DT allows However this model proved to be a very efficient tool for preliminary estimates of environmental impacts of potential non point agricultural sources of groundwater contamination The potential of this model is satisfactory in a wide range of 147 148 environmental expertise and it has a lot of advantages to be used as a base model for risk assessment studies which require multivariant simulations UnSat Suite allows you to quickly prepare run and interpret PESTAN simulation by the use of graphical tools PESTAN is also equipped with a limited database of soil materials and pesticides It is planned that in the next release of the UnSat Suite the database for several hundred of existing pesticides will become available Introduction Input Specification The Case Settings The following parameters are editable under the Case Settings group in PESTAN e Recharge rate e Simulation length e Sorption Constant real ke od rbd rice ha sl Lah od hh rad ir A rea patiorirg ose kaart of dibun of tha p J OF Cancel Help To edit the case settings 1 the Case Settings 2 Or lt
186. ipilalion A Runoff High Des E a Eo O Exapatranspiralian E Lateral drainage collected from Layer 2 a Fine Sar fl gt i Butyl Au 1 Sandy E o 03 04 og H H H H H H H H H E Peak daily drainage collected from layer 0 003206 0 032060 day 335 year 1 E Peak daily percolation leakage through 0 000001 0 000009 day 337 year 1 DEE 70 Introduction History Part 2 The HELP Model HELP 1s a versatile model for predicting landfill hydrologic processes and testing the effectiveness of landfill designs therefore enabling the prediction of landfill design failure resulting in groundwater contamination HELP has become a requirement for obtaining landfill operation permits in the U S HELP 1s also effective in assessment of groundwater recharge rates The quasi two dimensional hydrologic model accepts the following input data e Weather precipitation solar radiation temperature evapotranspiration parameters e Soil porosity field capacity wilting point and hydraulic conductivity e Engineering design data liners leachate and runoff collection systems surface slope The profile structure can be multi layered consisting of a combination of natural soil and artificial materials waste geomembranes with an option to install horizontal drainage and change the slope of profile parts e g landfill cap leachate collection and removal systems HELP uses numerical solution technique
187. is a new feature offered only in UnSat Suite This plot will show you the total volumes of water that flowed or were drained during a period of time This allows you to examine the total volume of leachate to percolate through the landfill bottom during a specified period of time and assess total volumes of other water balance constituents The list of available types of balance will appear in the lower listbox if you have selected Annual Total or Accumulated in the upper Select Result Category drop down listbox rate volume and percent Annual Total Here rate means annual rate of the balance constituent volume means volume for the area represented by the profile and percent means percent of the ongoing volume of water which is precipitation Select rate To view all results available for this specific type of balance click the icon to the right of the Select Annual Total Result at box Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting The list of available balance constituents will open in the Result Tree 0O at Fecia of kakra theough Layer 4 0 it Area head on lop of Layer 3 O Laaa diaries collected irom Lape 7 O a Peccato of leakornce theough Layer E OW Lateral desinage collected from Lape 3 ee Perolabion or leskanoe rough Layer 11 0 ese heed on foo of Leer 40 A Arcouruated Firal wade piora int Layari l T abdi oe om MES m o o om Click the check boxes beside the types of variable you wish
188. it and special incidental consequential or other similar claims III Disclaimer Except as specifically provided above neither the developer s of this software nor any person or organization acting on behalf of him them makes any warranty express or implied with respect to this software In no event will Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc assume any liabilities with respect to the use or misuse of this software or the interpretation or misinterpretation of any results obtained from this software or for direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages resulting from the use of this software Specifically Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc is not responsible for any costs including but not limited to those incurred as a result of lost profits or revenue loss of use of the computer program loss of data the costs of recovering such programs or data the cost of any substitute program claims by third parties or for other similar costs In no case shall Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc s liability exceed the amount of the license fee IV Infringement Protection Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc is the sole owner of this software Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc warrants that neither the software and documentation nor any component including elements provided by others and incorporated into the software and documentation infringes upon or violates any patent trademark copyright trade secret or other proprietary right Royalties or other
189. l VERT En LS A ee TA PEF EJT Jr es SA A E Cani Tae 1 Profe VE2Z0NT profiled Mee Sarin Peay i SS l JM ha aa AS A A O f F sigh mi bar in i A o i E ee eee I a E rerem L p me TEELE bee i 224 Chapter 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting In this window you may edit the report input your own text and add any types of graphics or table outputs produced by UnSat Suite Note The graphs and tables will be placed at the insertion point To add a graph or a table to the report 1 In the Report window place the cursor to position where you want your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph or table using one of the methods described above 3 lt right click gt in the Result View The following menu will appear Insert To Report Copy to Clipboard Save Ag Print Properties 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report The graph may appear smaller than the original To view the graph of desired size click it in the Report window and stretch the graph until it reaches the proper size Editing Model Stress Periods Part 4 The VS2DT Model The running procedure for the VS2DT model differs slightly from the rest of the UnSat Suite models The difference is you can review and if appropriate change settings for the model stress periods As explained before the original DOS VS2DT model requires the stres
190. landfill and several other profiles to simulate the edges where the cross section is tapering Since the size of a landfill is much smaller than the distance at which weather changes the same set of weather data is used for all of the profiles in a project In the current version the landfill water balance is calculated separately for each sub area which is represented by a single profile but future releases of UnSat Suite will allow you to integrate the water balance across the entire landfill by calculating the water balance for the entire project The natural water balance components that UnSat Suite simulates are precipitation interception of rain water by leaves evaporation from leaves surface runoff evaporation from soil plant transpiration snow accumulation and melting and percolation of water through the profile Data representing meteorological conditions can be imported from a file or synthetically simulated with the Weather Generator 75 76 Before running the simulation the initial water content of different landfill layers should be specified As with the original DOS HELP UnSat Suite gives you the option to have the initial water content values specified by you or computed by the model as nearly steady state values With the latter which is the default UnSat Suite will assign realistic values for the initial moisture storage of layers and simulate one year of landfill hydrology The values of moisture stora
191. le Properties Or the profile name Or lt right click gt the profile name and click Profile Properties The Profile Properties dialogue box will appear cl Protile Propeatica y The following data are available in the Profile Properties dialogue box Name Type the name of the profile Description Type a description of the profile Elevation You may specify the elevation of the profile top or bottom Area Type the land area represented by this profile Chapter 13 Input Specification Resizing the Layer You may resize the layer through the Profile Properties dialogue box by changing its top and bottom elevation or graphically in the Profile View To resize a layer graphically 1 Move the mouse arrow to the layer s boundary The cursor symbol will change New Cursor w ES Symbol reu H lt 3 Type the correct elevation in the Confirm Value dialogue box Substituting the Layer To access a layer 1 lt right click gt on the soil in the Profile View 2 Click Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties dialogue box for the soil will open Or the layer name in the Project Tree View Or lt right click gt the layer name and click Properties Part 5 The VLEACH Model 237 To substitute a layer 1 Select a new material category from the Material Category list The available soils will appear in the Material drop down list box 2 Select a new soil material from
192. lete Undo Delete Properties Delete Restoring an Observation Point Part 3 The PESTAN Model To restore an observation point lt right click gt on the observation point in the Project Tree View Undo Delete The observation point will appear in the Profile View and in the Project Tree 161 162 Chapter 8 Input Specification Viewing Output and Reporting Original DOS PESTAN Output UnSat Suite allows you to view and print the original DOS PESTAN output If you are familiar with original PESTAN output you may choose to use these results To view and print original output Output from the main menu Original Listing The Original Model Listing dialogue box will appear Here you can view the original listing find specific expressions mark and print sections or make a full printout of the model results If you want to see the PESTAN input file click the Input File tab To print the file or the selected part of a file Print from the File menu Specify the print properties and click OK to print Viewing the Output Graphs Part 3 The PESTAN Model After the model has successfully ran the Output View and Result View windows will open and the UnSat Suite window will look the following way 163 To enlarge the graph viewing area you may Es Click the icon to close the Project Tree View or click the X in the gt Profile View to close it To select the output category click the ar
193. lid Degradation Constant hr The coefficient used in the first order decay or degradation ma Concentration mg l The amount of chemical per unit volume of solution None No units at all Specific Storage 12cm Change in water content under the unit pressure change due t Time days Time Mass mg 4 measure of the amount of matter Root Activity 1 cm2 Root Activity Mass Flux g day The mass of chemical entering the soil or passing the node in Surface Resistance 1m Surface resistance for evaporation Fraction 2 Ratio of the part to the whole lon exchange Capacity g equiyg The amount of exchangeable cations per unit mass of soil Flow Velocity cm day Flux Recharge Rate Hydraulic Conductivity Subsurface Inflo Concentration in Soil g kg The amount of chemical per unit mass of soil 5 rin Po 11 November 2004 License Agreement Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc retains the ownership of this copy of the software This copy is licensed to you for use under the following conditions I Copyright Notice This software is protected by both Canadian copyright law and international treaty provisions Therefore you must treat this software JUST LIKE A BOOK with the following single exception Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc authorizes you to make archive copies of the software for the sole purpose of backing up our software and protecting your investment from loss By saying JUST LIKE A BOOK Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc means for example that this softw
194. lit into a number of sub areas with unique profile construction material parameters and boundary conditions Two different types of profiles exist in WHI UnSat Suite which originate from the models included in the package Designing profile The first type of profile is a designing type This type of profile is simulated with the HELP model Civil engineers use this model to try different landfill designs and try the optimal combination of the landfill performance and cost The thickness of individual layers and the total profile depth are the terms of the optimization equations and can be edited by the user at any time Using the HELP model WHI UnSat Suite allows the user to fix the top elevation or the bottom elevation of the designing profile The top elevation can be fixed when there is a constraint on the appearance of the landfill The bottom elevation can be fixed when there is a constraint on the depth of the landfill e g the bottom of the landfill should be above the highest groundwater level When the user edits the thickness of a layer the profile will change differently depending on whether the top or bottom elevation was fixed in the Profile Properties dialog box If the profile top was fixed and the user increased the thickness of a layer the profile will grow downwards If the profile bottom was fixed and the user increased the thickness of a layer the profile will grow upwards Natural Profile VS2DT is a model for simulat
195. ll be displayed for this time Comments yes 2 Delete Delete Al OR Cancel Help To add observation times Add When you click Add for the first time the first line will be copied Edit the value in the Time cell Click Add and the new times will be added with the step equal to the difference between the first and second output times If you want to change the time step for output times edit the value of the last added time to bring the difference between the last two observation times to the desired value When you click Add the new times will be added with the new time step By default the value in the Balance Summary column is set to yes If you do not need the output to be displayed at this time for the current run click the cell and then click the appeared check box The value will Chapter 10 Case Specifications change to no Time steps do not have to be added at the end They can be added anywhere in the time period To insert a time step between two existing time steps 1 Click the boxes below where your new step will be inserted 2 Insert 3 Change the time and rate As easy as time steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a time step 1 Click the box for the step you wish to delete 2 7 Delete All the time steps can be deleted by Delete All The Finite Difference Grid VS2D T uses the finite difference method to approximate the flow and transport the profil
196. location and region under the Project Location of the Project tab of Weather Generator and click Add to Database button The Database tab will activate and the asterisk will show the newly added record with the name which you have input 2 Scroll the bottom bar until the Default normal mean monthly temperature T1 Jan F column appears in the dialogue box Input the average value for January degrees Fahrenheit for your location scroll the bar further and edit the rest of the mean monthly values for temperature 3 Just after mean monthly temperatures you will find the Default normal mean monthly rainfall R1 Jam IN column which contains mean monthly total precipitation for January Input the average value for January in for your location scroll the bar further and edit the rest of the mean monthly precipitation totals 4 Scroll the bottom bar to the left and find Growing season start day Growing season end day Default maximum leaf area index and three values of Evaporative zone depth for different types of vegetation cover Edit these values 1f required 5 Scroll the bottom bar to the right and find Mean annual wind speed mph Edit these values if required 6 Scroll the bottom bar to the far right and find four values of the Quarterly mean relative humidity RHUM for the four quarters of a year Edit these values if required 7 Click the Save icon checkmark symbol above 8 Now you can use this database record as a p
197. low and transient contaminant transport model Calculates and displays 7 equipotential distribution streamlines flow nets velocity vectors and temporal graphs of concentration at multiple observation points AIRFLOW SVE The only comprehensive soil vapour extraction model to simulate the coupled process of soil vapour flow and multi component vapour transport in the unsaturated zone PRINCE A compilation of the ten Princeton Analytical Models which includes seven mass transport models one two and three dimensional and 3 two dimensional flow models AquiferTest An easy to use graphically oriented package for estimating transmissivity hydraulic conductivity and storage properties for a variety of aquifer types The program contains analytical solutions for pumping tests and slug tests for confined unconfined and leaky confined aquifers Visual Groundwater The first software package to combine state of the art graphical technology for 3 D visualization and animation capabilities with an easy to use graphical interface designed specifically for environmental project applications Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc Training and Consulting Acknowledgments Waterloo Hydrogeologic Inc offers individual tailored training courses on groundwater modeling Our modeling courses emphasize on how to set up a proper groundwater model grid design boundary conditions etc the interpretation of results calibration prediction etc
198. material category 90 substitute 210 material category 31 Material Designer 32 material designer 32 Materials in Profile 38 mean air temperature 99 menu main 14 merge layers 45 205 Meteo station 110 meteorological station 99 metric units 23 model 18 model stress periods 225 moisture content 84 moisture settings initial 81 multiplier 192 195 Index name 18 Natural Profile 29 new features 4 72 new profile 30 new profile template 32 new project 17 NOAA format 124 North America 104 notation 13 observation points 38 159 167 197 observation times 152 193 Open Project icon 15 operational icons 15 Operations with the Objects of Profile Structure 39 organic carbon 235 269 organic content 239 organization 27 Original DOS HELP Output 134 original DOS PESTAN output 163 original DOS VLEACH output 241 279 Original Listing 135 137 original listing 163 241 279 output graphs 163 218 242 281 Output menu item 15 output times 193 output view 17 parameters evapotranspiration 183 hydrologic 210 soil 157 transport 212 percolation 75 82 period 185 permanent soil parameters 211 permanent transport parameters 215 pinhole density 84 placement quality 84 plants 75 porosity 83 211 potential evaporation rate 186 potential evapotranspiration rate 186 precipitation 75 99 114 Prepare a Report icon 16 PRINCE 8 print graph 58 Print Preview icon 17 profile edit 203 icons 16 landfill 75 modify 155 multiple 4
199. ment of the recharge concentration file is shown below 417 425 055 033 456 25 0 20 456 667 667 517 083 O 083 547 5 0 22 577 317 O 917 606 355 O 20333 6396 75 O 25 669 167 O 167 503 117 033 20 051 667 1 32575 667 662 0635 1 41554 699 563 0 7l237Y5 T30 1 10469 417 1 18396 790 833 1 24035 Dal 25 1l 27719 760 In this file the first number in a row shows the beginning of the time interval in days the second number is the end of time interval in days and the third number is concentration of contaminant in recharge in mg l Export of VS2DT data to Visual MODFLOW To export results from an unsaturated transport simulation obtained with the VS2DT model including the multi species results the same tools that were described above should be used The following steps need to be executed 1 Create the VS2DT project and set output units equal to the desired units of the model recipient 11 Run the VS2DT model 111 Export data from VS2DT The most promising application of the VS2DT model is the possibility to accurately assess pollutant concentrations reaching the groundwater surface and subsequently use this data as input for Visual MODFLOW Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 327 This section describes tools used for VS2DT export To learn how to create a VS2DT project see Chapters 2 and 10 After you create a VS2DT project representing the unsaturated profile a
200. ments The ability of the model to account for contaminant washload volatilization and air diffusion of the volatile organic contaminants as well as for sorption volatilization degradation cation exchange hydrolysis and metal complexation makes it a unique tool which only can be applied in many practical cases VS2DT is a finite difference numerical model for simulating steady state or transient Variably Saturated 2 D groundwater flow and solute Trans port Typical applications of the VS2DT model include determining the fate of agricultural chemicals landfill leachate UST leaks and accidental chemical spills as they migrate through the unsaturated zone towards the water table VLEACH is a one dimensional finite difference Vadose zone LEACHing model for predicting the vertical mobilization and migration of organic contaminants in the vadose zone This model is commonly used to evaluate groundwater impacts due to vertical migration of organic History contaminants through the unsaturated zone and to predict subsurface volatilization of VOCs WHI has developed a Windows interface for the version 3 08 of the HELP model which was released in May 1998 under the name Visual HELP version 1 101 This software was presented at the trade show at SWANA s WASTECON 1998 and ISWA World Congress 1998 in Charlotte North Carolina WHI UnSat Suite was released in May 1999 The product combined models HELP PESTAN VLEACH and VS2DT in a powerful n
201. meters can be edited or altered the Value field to the right of the Max Simulation Time to edit the value of this parameter The cell will get highlighted as it is shown in the picture If you click the left mouse button one more time the current value would get highlighted Te If now you type your value in the cell 1t will replace the previous one If instead you place the cursor at the certain position within the highlighted number and click again the position of the cursor will become the insertion point from which you can start editing the value As mentioned previously UnSat Suite allows you to change units at any time within the data preparation process To change units for the Max Simulation Time click the Units cell beside the Value cell The list of allowable units will appear Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 4 42 From the list you may select the desired units by clicking them Your previously entered value will be recalculated for the new units automatically To alter the value of the qualitative parameter you have to double click in the Value field beside its name The following list will open if you double click the Value cell for Transport Simulation No adsorption or ion exchange Linear Adsorption Freundlich Adsorption Langmuir Adsorption Monovalent M onoyvalent Divalent Dryalent Monovalent Dryalert Divalent Monoyalent To select one of the options click on it Regular Parameter Groups c
202. n New Profile Wizard E Please Select the way vou would like to create a new profile f use existing profile template f create new profile E Emeh Cancel Next gt Choose the template you wish to open from the Available templates list Next gt If the information presented is correct Finish You can go back and edit any step in the wizard by lt Back You can cancel the new profile at any time by Cancel Creating a New Profile 30 To create a new profile you must have a project loaded Once the project is loaded click New Profile from the Project menu You may also click the following icon from the Operational Toolbar Bl The New Profile Wizard dialog box will open Chapter 2 General Features Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface New Profile Wizard x Please Select the way vou would like to create a new profile C use existing profile template 4 Back Next gt Emeh Cancel Click create new profile Next gt New Profile Wizard x Elevation m Top o Bottom jio Thickness fio Material Category IPESTAN Sand Group Material FESTAN Waterloo Sand r atest Cancel Type in the values for the elevation parameters Top and Bottom Thickness will be the difference between Top and Bottom Select a material category from the Material Category list Then select a material from the Material list The choices for materials and categories will vary depending
203. n the unsaturated profile open the bottom sublayer of the lowest layer in the profile to reach contaminant concentration in recharge Next you will learn how to prepare monthly groundwater recharge summaries Preparing graph of the monthly groundwater recharge Specified Depth Monthly Output in the Select Result Category drop down list The dialogue window will display the first available annual set of results the icon to the right of the Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result at box The list of available monthly variables for year 1 will open in the Result Tree Output Select Result Category Je Specified Depth Monthly Output a Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result At h E E Weashload Cycle Component Gl Pollutant Mass Input fl Mass Distribution H Pollutant Concentration Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 321 the sign to the right of the Hydrologic Cycle Components Right click Groundwater Recharge The following menu box will appear Send To Combine All Preceding Combine All Following Combine ll This dialog box allows you to select the data aggregation method If you select Combine All Preceding the data for all preceding years and the current year will be presented If you select Combine All Following the data for the current year and all following years will be presented If you select Combine All the data f
204. n Project Set 2 the project set name Opening a Local Project Set Project sets can be opened in one of two ways To open a project set 1 From the File menu Reopen Project Set 2 the project set name Or To open a project set De E 2 the project set name Working over a Local Area Network Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface In addition to opening stored project sets you can map onto a project set through a network connection This allows you to conveniently view and edit a colleague s work To access a project set through the local area network use one of the following methods De Mal 2 Open Or 1 From the Settings menu Project Set Manager The Remote Data Alias Manager dialogue box will appear 2 From the File menu New Alias 65 Or From the File menu Open Project Set The Open dialogue box will appear Open 71x Look in E Ms doz_6 C E ee EE Acrobat3 9 ForeHelp 95 Adobeapp 3 Hpfonts C Progra Corel5D G ManFloTrans Psp Dos LI Maplnto Temp DriweD QU Maps CI Unsate Lo My Documents EA in311 gt Files of type Ms Access Database mdb Cancel From here you may access the remote project set 1 Navigate to My Computer Desktop 2 Select Network Neighborhood 3 Select the computer on which the desired project set 1s located To map onto a network project set 1 Locate the project set you wish to map 2 Open
205. n of the layer different values for each parameter To split a layer 1 lt right click gt on the layer in the Profile View 2 Layer Split A line will appear through the layer and the layer will be split into two sections in the Project Tree Now the layer can be edited as two separate layers with unique properties in the Profile View and the Project Tree View Line splitting the layer in two E EAS TEP A PAEA he A 5 ot ache 5 ch Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile El E HELP E f Ba EFA profile H Y Ea Case Settings E Y Surface Water Settings The two E a Fine Sandy Loam distinct E el Coarse Sand sections E 2 Low Density Polyethylene of the E e ES 04 Silty Clay ve E F Municipal Waste 312 kg cub rm l yer Pe f Municipal Waste 312 kg cub m El gt Sand H fumo Drainage Net 0 Scr E u High Density Polyethylene Ed 5 Fine Sand H de e Butyl Rubber H 4 E Sandy Clay Loam You can substitute material of each section with the following method To change the properties of a layer 1 lt right click gt on the layer 2 Click Layer Properties 3 Click a new material from the Material Category list The appropriate Material texture will appear 4 Give the new layer a unique name and write a descriptive comment 5 Enter the new layer thickness and name in the appropriate box 6 Click the Help Layer Parameters tab Edit the parameters
206. n the Operational toolbar above the Project Tree View or Run in the main menu and then click the model name A progress bar will appear to indicate the computation progress Statuz 5207 NUMT reduced to 400 to avoid estra large outpe Progress a Viewing the Output To view the original model output Output in the main menu and then View Original Listing 50 Chapter 3 Common Tools The following window will appear in case you are using the VS2DT model D VST pole tara Sooke ise Sr ra En a rd pm Tigra Ci tan rie Beh Be am ok tk ol ok ok te ke nok tm ns a em i MIA i EDM ETRE FO eee ee i CRM PLAH EHG UTE Tee i TECH PR Hb PPL Gene y E Made HBT rut Ela ih td profile lc a lc o ll o o A amoh m oh a a oE HAN EEH DA ATIGH IHE 2 MAA last ETERTIHE THF E EAN HIE OF ALTARREE FPR k aj gt ais oe Mc 3 oe _ ds ETE KE AT iaa dE r Here you can scroll and view the original listing find specific expressions mark and print parts of it or make a whole printout of the model results If you want to see the model s input file click the Input File tab Viewing the Output Graphs After the model has successfully run the Output View and Result View windows will open and the UnSat Suite wndow will look the following way fs To enlarge the viewing area of the Result Window you may click the icon 2577 to close the Project Tree View or click the X
207. naffected layers or groups EPA Profile 1 and the project HELP are marked with the red triangle to show that they were somehow changed by the edit The Sandy Clay Loam layer was deleted The delete is shown by a red Xx The red x lets the user know that the object has been deleted but can be restored If the object 1s restored 1t will have a red triangle to show that 1t was altered An object cannot be restored once the project has been saved After saving the changes are permanent The only way to go back to a previous project 1s to recreate 1t To show that the project has been saved the red triangles become green dots and the red x s with the names of the deleted objects disappear Accessing and Editing Objects of Profile Structure Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Operations with the Objects of Profile Structure Different operations are allowed for the different objects of the profile structure While the parameter groups may be only edited the chemicals may be edited or substituted with other chemical The observation points can be edited or deleted 39 40 All layer materials may be edited or substituted with other material In addition the layer structure in HELP and VS2DT can be altered to allow the user to create the specific profile structure The way of altering profile structure depends on the model and type of profiles as it is described in Chapter 3 Using the HELP model the user works with designing pro
208. nd subsequently run the model select a Specified Depth close to the groundwater surface from the list in the Output window Open all available variables for this depth and select Concentration The breakthrough curve for concentration at the specified depth will appear in the Result window To export data presented on the graph place the mouse pointer at the graph line the bubble sign will appear and click right mouse button A button named Export will appear Export The same Export dialog box that was described above for the Visual HELP export will appear J Export Concentration 729 760 cm Export to file Add title Export Concentration 29 760 cm Use unseat export format Average value Add value to existing export file Stepwise approsimatior Values for beginning of a period Calculate intensity Data delimite f space C tab C comma C semicolon Append data to export file Esport Lancel Help This dialog box allows you to specify the following settings for data export the step wise approximation method the data delimiter type the export file destination In addition you may add a title to the file by selecting Add title calculate the average value by selecting Average value 328 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results Note do not activate the Calculate intensity check box while exporting Concentrat
209. nd average relative humidity for the four quarters of a year Part 2 The HELP Model 129 130 This 1s the way you should format your data Note that in HELP you may use only daily data for full years To be able to run the model using the new data 1 Run the Weather Generator with parameters of one of the database weather stations Set the number of years for simulation equal to the number of full years of real data you have converted into HELP format 2 Import your data into the project directory with the names replace existing files for the dummy weather station _weather1 dat _weather2 dat _weather3 dat _weather4 dat 3 Run the HELP Model again You can import and effectively use your own weather data However this option is not very effective if you do not have a full set of data Say you have only precipitation and temperature but dont have solar radiation For the latter case you should use the precipitation and temperature correction option of Weather Generator Note You cannot utilize both the PRECIPITATION TEMPERATURE tab and the EVAPOTRANSPIRATION tab for this purpose corrections made with these tabs work for a single run only Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model To use the precipitation temperature or evapotranspiration correction option 1 Choose a weather station from the database nearest your conditions and add it to the database with a new name type your project
210. ndwater Recharge rates are described later in the section Next you will learn how to create a graph of the annual contaminant concentration in recharge Selecting annual contaminant concentration in recharge the arrow in the Select Specified Depth Annual Summary Result at window The list of available sub categories will appear Higi HH Curia Compornenk Wathlosd Cycle Components Polutarit Mass lrmut haze Dizinbution Pollutant Concertrabon asar Pollutant Depth Aveiage Loncenttabion in mound aber Pollutant Concentration the icon Fee to the right of the Select Depth Annual Summary Result at box Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 319 320 A list of four profile layers will appear in the Output Tree You may need to use the side slider in the Output Tree to display this sub category E sign to the left of Layer 4 10 sub layers will appear in the tree eo sign to the left of Sub layer 10 available variables will appear in the tree 5 0 Sublayerl O O m bn Sod Motus O a Adeorbed an Sal 0 bn Sod A Ss the check box beside In Soil Moisture The graph for concentration at Sub layer 10 Layer 4 will appear in the Output View window This is the point closest to the groundwater surface Time Depth Table 368 1365 ES 2065 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results Note If you have specified less than 4 layers withi
211. now can be imported automatically e Diagnostics 1s provided to detect missing records in NOAA files Output Presentation e Output units can be changed now without restarting the project e Water Balance Tables have been added e New tree like interface structure allows selecting results for displaying more efficiently e Report Generator a new feature of Visual HELP allows you to display print and export to Microsoft Word project input parameters and settings and output graphs and tables New Features of Visual HELP 2 2 Visual HELP version 2 2 allows you to easily transfer data between the WHI UnSat Suite models as well as export model data for use with other applications e g export groundwater recharge assessed by Visual HELP to Visual MODFLOW Some users might wish to export Visual HELP simulation results and import them into post processing spreadsheet programs e g MS EXCEL Version 2 2 1s also capable to perform this operation Importing a Visual Help 1 1 model into Visual Help 2 2 To import a Visual HELP 1 1 project click on File Import Help 1 1 from the Main Menu The Import Visual Help 1 1 Projects window will open and shown in the following figure T3 Introduction E Import isual HELP 1 1 Projects Click the Browse button to locate your Visual HELP 1 1 project and use the checkboxes to select the appropriate options Known Limitations Some models may import without the Drainage Setting for Drainage
212. ns possible for each case setting the new location of each parameter that requires inputting after the selection was made and the name of the new parameters that will become available with a one line description of the input parameter To edit all case settings 1 a lt right click gt on Case Settings b Click Edit The Edit Parameters window will open or 2 Double Click on Case Settings 3 Click an option for the appropriate parameter in its Value list 4 The units are not editable The default value none will remain 5 Click OK 175 Transport Simulation Selection Location of Active Parameter No transport Each Soil s simulation Transport Parameters Edil Parameters Logica Y seats lo cor none Logica ssis bo cinc none Lirio Pre coe bel none Corncentrabon of charra is da MN gran ler od ray Ho eeepc ance air news Combed bt vasha k Transport Simulation is a logical variable that determines whether or not solute transport 1s simulated Choices include No transport simulation No Adsorption or Ion Exchange Linear Adsorption Freundlich Adsorption Langmuir Adsorption Monovalent Monovalent Divalent Divalent Monovalent Divalent and Divalent Monovalent The following chart contains the respective parameters that will become changeable in the Transport Parameters section for each soil depending on the chosen Transport Simulation method Active Parameter Solver Settings
213. nselect All to unselect all times or variables and then click desired 1f you want to show only a small number of rows or columns in the table Select All to specify all lists after you unselected some times or variables Transpose to switch columns and rows OK after you have set a table The table will appear in the Result View He ram AD Lite Jp mE ro il AA H EE e 0 EPA 1A A TA LH r NLE H Pino A EN E ee Mo 00 E A A i TL Pr Loe oO SE ass 1 Taik ed AER IAE EFEN LAET he TETEN i ES dd y are me pe e Hia al M ds es rs dl ra p You may change the size of the table fields by dragging boundaries of the field names and use the scroll bar at the bottom of the table to view all results The list of variables for the Accumulated Balance differs from that of the Balance table AAA AE PA Ei Sakti 7 atte Fics To Dipin Saloci Table Coburn To Dapa Year 1 00 I Edicion do aan es 00 A econ do ground vedat Tea 00 A A a la Yaad 00 Diffuser be ground wate Yes 5 00 pr Toei 00 es 00 ear B 00 ea Ol ea 101000 From this list two variables Advection to ground water and Diffusion to ground water will be of specific interest to hydrogeologists and environment protection specialists Part 5 The VLEACH Model 247 You may apply all viewing tools described above for the Balance table and the Accumulated Balance table Preparing a Report To p
214. o domar aint apache piece has UTAN dar Flu old o domar Ce eed ee Pe 0142 dee Ela to domain across pec ed Hua bourai 0156 dar Fha cd of domar across specired ua brut 0174 der Ores het fet tree loa mio domar 00194 dei h Dita depasse Hua cul ol dana 0279 de Total dun io doren 0 249 de Tobal As out of doman 0 de EE a dr Fo U das Fra onder decay AO dys F Adeophonion schsnge 0435 dat Dhange m piha ciored in donan 0504 de Sobd mass Eaki 050 den fl RRA mi zi Here you may select desired output times and variables to customize your table You may use the following tools for editing a table Unselect All to unselect all times and variables Part 4 The VS2DT Model 223 Select All if you wish to specify all lists after you have unselected some times or variables Transpose if you want to switch columns and rows OK after you have set a table The following table will appear in the Result View ms oe aad dare gt View Pan j aj lalai You may change the size of the table fields by dragging boundaries of the field names and use the scroll bar at the bottom of the table to view all results Creating a Report To present results of your VS2DT simulation to your clients you may use the UnSat Suite Report Generator To create a report and add the project input data click the icon from the Operational Icons tool bar The report will appear in a separate window A A A ELECTOR DAA AER Hoda
215. o edit any of the available parameters click in the Value box and type your changes Click OK to save your changes You can edit the unit of thickness from this dialogue box as well To change the units of thickness click in the right box of the Thickness row and click the new units from the list You cannot edit any other units in this way Note When you edit the thickness of a layer the profile will differentiate depending on whether the top or bottom elevation was fixed in the Profile Properties dialogue box Note If you change the slope of a layer it will change the bottom slope of the upper layer and the top slope of the lower layer Layer Parameters Tab Under the Layer tab you can edit the properties of the material that comprises the layer To edit the values of these properties click in the boxes and type your changes Edit comments in the same way The changes will be saved when you click OK Edit the units of the parameters by clicking in the boxes and clicking the new units from the list Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile Resizing Layers Part 2 The HELP Model Resizable Layers Layers built from soil and waste including Vertical Percolation layers Lateral Drainage layers or Barrier Soil layers are resizable Non Resizable Layers Layers built from industry produced materials with fixed thickness including Geomembrane Liner Geotextile and Geonet categories are not resizable Note
216. obal database that includes more than 3000 stations and a GIS feature for searching the nearest stations globally As a source of raw weather data the NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration GDS Global Daily Summary database which contains 14 years of daily precipitation and temperature data 1977 1991 for nearly 10 000 stations across the world was used It took a great deal of research and programming to decode the database files and develop filters to delete records with missing data Finally selected good records were mathematically processed and coefficients for weather generation at more than 3000 locations were estimated These coefficients were stored in regional databases for Australia Africa Europe Asia North America South America and the former Soviet Union To verify the reliability of obtained coefficients two series of tests were performed In the first series of tests the generated daily precipitation and temperature were compared to observe six U S cities for which Dr Clarence Richardson the developer of the original Weather Generator database performed his comparison in 1984 Results of the tests proved that errors between statistics for generated and observed data were in the range or less than when Dr Richardson performed his tests using another set of observed data and coefficients obtained from it During the second series of tests synthetic weather data was generated using new weather coefficient
217. on The new project wizard will guide you through the steps required to begin a new project General Project Information Click in the Name box and type a concise name for your project maximum 35 characters In the Description box you can type comments about your project If you type a full name for your project here you will be able to use it on the title page of your UnSat Suite report Next gt Selecting a Problem and Model Using the chart below determine the model which is most appropriate for your scenario 18 Chapter 2 General Features MODEL PROBLEM MODEL DESCRIPTION HELP Landfill Hydrology A versatile US EPA model for predicting landfill hydrologic processes and testing of effectiveness of landfill designs PESTAN Pesticide Contamination A popular US EPA model for making assess ments of contamination of soil and groundwater with pesticides VS2DT Unsaturated Flow and Transport A US Geological Survey model for describing the transport of contaminants with unsaturated water flow and its transformation in vadose zone VLEACH Hydrocarbons and VOUCH s A popular US EPA model for making assess ments of contamination of soil and groundwater with volatile organic contaminants SESOIL Seasonal Flow and Transport A popular US EPA model for long term simula tions of chemical transport and transformations in soil From the Problem list choose the appropriate problem New Project Transport
218. on n Taraje od oh ed e ee dar rar eh Edi Dal 05 salsa Total Mon a cede DDS EZ dl cad 00 F Er Le da Sh eee rl rl CO PE PES pz Aja e ae vu ra ca des a el e Dl e pai al o Data er Geri x Care in m Dret brea o he pH CE A El In the dialogue box above you can edit the soil hydrologic parameters Some of these parameters always exist in the dialog box some of them appear depending on which choice was made in the Soil Hydraulic Function list box of the Case Settings parameter group Permanent Soil Hydrologic Parameters The following parameters are not dependent on selections made in the Case Settings parameter group Part 4 The VS2DT Model 211 Anisotrophy Ratio of vertical to horizontal conductivity Horizontal Sat Hydr Conductivity Horizontal permeability under the unit pressure gradient Specific Storage Change in storage of the unit volume of material under the unit change of pressure Porosity Total fraction of voids OQ Residual moisture content Dependent Soil Parameters The remainder of the parameters are dependent on the choice of Soil Hydraulic Function selected The following chart displays the options Selection Parameters Brooks and Corey H Brooks and Corey Bubbling or air entry pressure potential Lambda Brooks and Corey Pore size distribution index van Genuchten Alpha van Genuchten van Genuchten s parameter for the pressure head moisture content curve Must be negative Beta
219. on from snow soil and leaves In addition the model calculates vegetation growth and transpiration In total around 70 equations describe these processes Fortunately the 112 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model number of parameters which require the user s input are much less than the number of equations These parameters are e Evaporative zone depth e Maximum leaf area index e Growing season start and end day e Average wind speed e Quarterly relative humidity To see and edit the parameters used for simulating evaporation from soil and leaves and plant transpiration click the Evapotranspiration tab Project Precipitation Temperature TTT hid Edit the parameters accordingly Evaporative zone depth This is the maximum depth from which the water can be removed by evapotranspiration The program does not allow the evaporative zone depth to exceed the depth to the uppermost geomembrane liner or a barrier soil layer You can find three values of this parameter in the Evaporative zone depth box for the specified location These values are characteristic for grassy vegetation on a thick layer of loamy soil Three values correspond in growing order to bare soil fair and excellent stand of grass The evaporative zone depth can be 2 3 times more shallow for sandy soil and 2 5 times deeper for clay soil 113 Maximum leaf area index The leaf area index 1s the ratio of the leaf area of ac
220. on the model Note The New Profile Wizard only allows you to input one layer Additional layers for VS2DT and HELP can be added once the project is open Next gt If the information presented is correct Finish You can go back and edit any step in the wizard by lt Back You can cancel the new profile at any time by Cancel From the File menu Save Project 31 Creating a New Profile Template In addition to using one of the distribution templates you can create your own template to use in your projects Create a new profile using an existing template or create a new template and edit 1t until you are satisfied that 1t will suit your needs To create a new template 1 From the File menu Save Project this is necessary to save the template 2 lt right click gt on the profile in the Project Tree 3 amp Save As Template 4 gt Yes 5 Type a unique name for this profile template in the Confirm Name dialog box 6 7 OK to save a template Starting the Simulation To run the simulation from the Run menu click the name of the model Once the simulation is complete you can view the output Using the Material Designer 32 The Material Designer lets the user maintain and edit the material database of UnSat Suite Both the materials comprising the profile and the pesticides contaminants leaching through the soil are stored in the material database You can create new materials
221. onditions and present simulation results Maximum number is 10 pH pH of the layer Intrinsic Permeability Intrinsic permeability of the layer Note The values of intrinsic permeability specified in this table are used only if this parameter is set to zero in the Soil Parameters table Liquid Phase Degradation Ratio Ratio of the liquid phase degradation coefficient in the current layer compared to layer 1 Solid Phase Degradation Ratio Ratio of the solid phase degradation coefficient in the current layer compared to layer 1 Organic Carbon Ratio Ratio of organic carbon content in the current layer compared to layer 1 CEC Ratio Ratio of cation exchange capacity in the current layer compared to layer 1 FRN Ratio Ratio of Freundlich exponent for the current layer compared to layer 1 Kd Ratio Ratio of adsorption coefficient for the current layer compared to layer Kd is set under Chemical Parameters as the Adsorption Coefficient and is mostly used for inorganics Setting Groundwater Parameters The SESOIL model allows you to set parameters of the aquifer A modified Summer s model equation is used for computing the contaminant concentration in the saturated zone Part 6 The SESOIL Model 217 To set the Groundwater Parameters of the SESOIL profile the Groundwater Settings group in the Project Tree View OR lt right click gt the Groundwater Settings and click Edit The following dialog box will
222. ontain generally parameters with numeric values but the way of editing these values is the same as for the Max Simulation Time Editing a Time Dependent Parameter Group The way to edit parameters from this category of parameter groups will be shown on example of the Flow Upper Boundary group from the VS2DT interface The first time you open this group it will look the following way J Edit Parameters Flow Upper Boundary Start Time End Time Boundary Allowed Ponding days Type Units Value ft 1 Pressure Head ft 0 10 Let suggest that you have to input time dependent values for three periods 10 days long each and two periods 30 days long each To enter the length of the first period click in the End Time cell and type 10 the end time of the first period Now to multiply the time period click twice the Add button at the bottom of the dialog window By default the program will copy the current line of the table Chapter 3 Common Tools To change the period length type value 60 in the End Time cell for the fourth period Click the Add button to duplicate the 30 day period The dialog window will look the following way Start Time End Time Boundary Allowed Ponding days days Type Units Value ft 1 10 000 0 10 Pressure Head Ft O 10 2 10 000 10 ll Pressure Head ft T 10 a 10 000 20 30 Pressure Head ft O 10 4 30 000 30 50 Pressure Head ft 0 10 5 50 000 60 30 Press
223. or field experiments Good field installation with smooth soil surface and geomembrane wrinkle control Poor field installation with a less well prepared soil surface and or geomembrane wrinkling which provides poor contact between the geomembrane and the adjacent soil resulting in a large gap for spreading and greater leakage Contact between geomembrane and adjacent soil does not limit drainage rate leakage rate is controlled only by the hole Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile 6 Geotextile separates geomembrane and drainage limiting soil Leakage rate is controlled by the in plane transmissivity of the geotextile Geotextile Transmissivity The product of the saturated hydraulic conductivity and the thickness of the geotextile This parameter should be specified only when the placement quality is SIX Editing Layer Properties Part 2 The HELP Model You can edit the properties of a layer that already exists in the profile Open the Edit Properties dialogue box by using one of the following methods the layer in the Profile View Or the layer in the Project Tree View Or lt right click gt the layer in the Project Tree View and click Properties Or lt right click gt the layer in the Profile View and click Layer Properties The Edit Properties dialogue box is shown below F ml hs siirad teers toe Pals E D en ek Mirm gi A Jip A jih ALA po 18 Fie A P Laer Tur La Habr
224. or the whole simulation period will be presented Combine All After a short computation reflected with a progress bar the following graph will appear in the separate window 322 Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results o Aeru Window MES Lint Templata Custorvesy This graph presents all monthly sets of Groundwater Recharge combined in one set Preparing graph of the monthly concentration of contaminant in groundwater recharge Specified Depth Monthly Output in the Select Result Category drop down list The dialogue window will display the first available annual set of results the icon to the right of the Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result at box Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 323 324 The list of available monthly variables for year 1 will open in the Result Tree Output Select Result Category Je Speched Depth Monthly Output al Select Specified Depth Monthly Output Result At Gl Hydrologic Cycle Component H E Weashload Cycle Component H E Pollutant Mass Input aii Mass Distribution ca a Pollutant Concentration the sign to the right of the Pollutant Concentration The list of four profile layers will appear in the Output Tree EE Mass Distribution EE Pollutant Concentration fl Layer 1 m E i Layer 2 i Laper 3 Fe E Layer 4 o ii Concentration in Groundwate
225. oss Equation parameter typically ranges from 0 03 to 0 69 default set to 0 23 Soil Loss Ratio Universal Soil Loss Equation parameter typically ranges from 0 0001 well managed soil to 0 94 tilled Default set to 0 26 Contouring Factor Contouring factor for agricultural land typically ranges from 0 1 extensive practice to 1 0 no supporting practice Default set to 1 0 Chapter 15 Input Specification Manning s Coefficient Overland flow parameter in the Universal Soil Loss Equation typically ranges from 0 01 to 0 4 default set to 0 03 Note For more details on simulation of erosion and washload see the original SESOIL manual on the installation CD For information on how to edit annual data sets see Working with the Annual INPUT table within the SESOIL Interface on page 261 Specifying the Contaminant This section describes how to setup initial conditions specify contaminant parameters and define contaminant load schedule in the SESOIL model Defining the Contaminant Part 6 The SESOIL Model Each new SESOIL model profile starts with Benzene selected as the default contaminant To define a different chemical as a contaminant for your model open the Profile Material Properties dialogue box for the chemical To open Profile Material Properties dialog box 1 the name of the chemical at the bottom of the Project Tree OR 2 lt right click gt the name of the chemical and click Edi
226. ous time step the difference between two previous application times If you wish to input pesticide application schedule with variable time steps and rates edit appropriate cells To edit the pesticide application schedule you may use the following tools To insert a time step between two existing time steps 1 Click the boxes above where your new step will be inserted 2 Insert 3 Change the time and rate As easy as time steps can be added they can also be deleted To delete a time step 1 Click the box for the step you wish to delete 2 Delete All the time steps can be deleted by Delete All OK after you are done with the input An example of a pesticide application schedule is shown below 151 AAA os ee es ae a k E state aren Se ere S E E EE E A E E E EE PT rant AS Observation Times All methods of inputting and editing of the Waste Application Schedule are applicable for Observation Times The default value in the Is Output Desired field is yes If you do not want output to be recorded for specific time this run click in the appropriate cell and deselect the check box The cell value will turn to no Enter pour time Select yes if you want otput to be values inthis documented at this time Otherwise check no in appropriate line ss set _ Delete od 152 Chapter 8 Input Specification Specifying the Pesticides Substituting the Pesticide To s
227. oxes beside the variables which you wish to view As far as you select check boxes graphs for specific variables will appear in the Result View window Eventually the picture resembling the one 283 below will appear if you select Precipitation Evapotranspiration Surface Runoff and Groundwater Recharge Time Giepthe Tabie HAL nuien Rodante o Cycle Components If you wish to view output for the variable which is measured in different units e g Moisture in Layer 1 click the corresponding check box The warning will be posted amina Sine of Uni For Prev dala ane i nica IN Eisley data rl ba cleared Continua L J Select Yes if you want the previous graph to be replaced with the new one To view both variables which are measured in different units you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable e g Moisture in Layer 1 The following menu will appear Send To Combi eAlPreredina omine Rallannrig Eomae Send To an additional window will appear 284 Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 6 The SESOIL Model Profile Aesuilks Hew Result Window Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method To see outputs for
228. p 4 Select the option button for the layer you wish to erase 5 Click OK Chapter 3 Common Tools 6 The remaining layer will span the area once occupied by the deleted layer Pa ah E nnn mu one o sae pe ERIN Restoring a Layer You may restore the erased layer 1f you have not saved changes yet To restore a layer lt right click gt the layer s name in the Project Tree View 2 Click Restore 5357 id Splitting a Layer You can split a layer up into multiple sections and substitute material for each section or assign for each section different values for each parameter To split a layer 1 lt right click gt on the layer in the Profile View 2 Layer Split A line will appear through the layer at cursor position and a new layer will appear in the project tree Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 47 48 A We eas Line splitting the a eed layer in two Te SESE Now each part of the layer can be edited separately with each section having its own unique properties You may also substitute a material in the new layer z ojec The two ee La Ea VS20 T profile distinct amp Case Settings sections E Solver Settings of the Y Output Settings Ewapotranspiration 9 ets Upper Boundary hor Flow Y ets Lower Boundary for Flow ak Upper Boundary for Transport ak Lower Boundary for Transport Oe Guelph Sand pa Guelph Sandy Loam Guelph Sandy Loam a Guelph Loam
229. p 20 108 GIS searcher 22 108 graph edit 56 print 58 view 51 163 218 242 281 Graphs 142 grid finite difference 195 groundwater recharge 309 315 316 318 group 26 hardware requirements 11 head change 192 head criterion 192 Help menu item 15 HELP model 71 run 134 HELP Output 134 Help Topics icon 16 Henry s law 235 historical data 103 history 71 hydraulic conductivity 211 hydrologic parameters 210 icons operational 15 profile 16 import weather data 123 124 indicator of status 39 infiltration 99 initial conditions chemical distribution 179 set 200 VLEACH 232 265 water 179 initial moisture settings 81 initial surface water 82 initial time step 192 insert layer 89 installation 11 installation defects 84 interface 13 INTERPRETING OUTPUT 133 Intrinsic Permeability 277 introduction 3 iterations maximum 181 minimum 181 332 key contact person 27 landfill profile 75 lateral drainage layers 77 83 latitude 20 22 layer delete 91 group 96 initial condition 201 insert 89 merge 45 205 properties 83 209 resize 49 87 155 208 237 276 restore 47 93 206 rules 78 split 47 94 207 structure 204 substitute 156 237 275 Layer Material 38 leaves 75 length simulation 133 149 231 257 license agreement 111 liners 77 83 load project 28 location 19 22 longitude 20 22 Mail To icon 16 main menu 14 Manning s Coefficient 267 map icon 102 map network project set 65 Markov Chain model 99
230. pear Layer Group Typ no slope Fine Sandy Loam Coarse Sand ir slope Slope Length 30 nm Low Density Polveth F drained Leachate Recirculated z Silty Clay C drainage To Layer fi On the left side of the dialogue box you can see all the layers you have selected The right side of the dialogue box is used for setting the layer group s properties Depending on which buttons you have selected no slope slope or drainage the boxes will become available and unavailable accordingly 2 Click a button and edit the Settings boxes 3 Apply 4 Close Your new Settings will now be used for your calculations Note If the top layer of the profile was included in the layer group and the slope settings have changed the Surface Runoff settings will change accordingly Part 2 The HELP Model 97 98 Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile Generating Weather Data Introduction Part 2 The HELP Model HELP requires three different types of meteorological data that must be provided as daily values e Precipitation rain or snow e Solar radiation and e Mean air temperature In addition HELP requires a set of parameters to simulate evapotranspiration that are constants for the duration of the simulation HELP will then use this data to e Calculate the volume of water flowing into the landfill and simulate surface runoff evaporation vegetation growth and transpiration and infilt
231. pic Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity 83 84 Subsurface Inflow Initial Moisture Content therefore only 1 value is required for both lateral and vertical Hydraulic Conductivity Inflow from an external source into the layer If subsurface inflow 1s assigned to the bottom layer no leakage through the bottom layer will be simulated Initial moisture content for the layer This 1s only present when the initial moisture setting 1s specified Geomembrane Liners have saturated hydraulic conductivity as well as a number of other special parameters which are described below Pinhole Density Installation Defects Placement Quality 1 Perfect 2 Excellent 3 Good 4 Poor 5 Worst Case The number of defects per unit area resulting from manufacturing flaws It is assumed that the diameter of the hole is equal to or smaller than the geomembrane thickness Holes are estimated to be one millimeter in diameter The number of defects per unit area as a result of the installation It is assumed that the diameter of each hole is larger than the geomembrane thickness Holes are estimated to be one square centimeter in area Quality of contact between the geomembrane liner and the undersoil This parameter can take on the following values Perfect contact between geomembrane and adjacent soil Exceptional contact between geomembrane and adjacent soil which limits drainage rate achieved only in laboratory
232. potranspiration settings are very flexible The user can choose to simulate either evaporation or transpiration or both The following chart lists the active parameters associated with each selection and the location of the new parameter s Selection Location of Active Active Parameter Parameter Evaporation Evapotranspiration Potential Evaporation Rate and oe Surface Resistance to Evaporation transpiration Atmospheric Pressure Potential Potential Evapotranspiration Rate Root Depth Root Activity at Base Root Activity at Top Root Pressure Evaporation Evapotranspiration Potential Evaporation Rate only Surface Resistance to Evaporation Atmospheric Pressure Potential 180 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Selection Location ol Active Active Parameter Parameter Transpiration Evapotranspiration Potential Evapotranspiration Rate ony Root Depth Root Activity at Base Root Activity at Top Root Pressure Evaporanspiraion SSS Solver Settings Solver settings allow the user to specify how the flow and transport equations are to be solved for each time step The parameters that can be altered are e Maximum and minimum number of iterations per time step e Maximum number of time steps for the whole simulation e Relaxation parameter for how aggressive the solver converges on the solution e The equation solution accuracy or closure criteria e Calculation method for achieving the weighted hydraulic conducti
233. pplication to soil The Initial Concentration value entered previously refers to the contaminant concentration at the start of the simulation If you have additional contaminants being added to the profile after time 0 the Pollutant Load variable can accommodate this Otherwise year 2 initial concentration would be the output of year 1 Monthly mass of pollutant transformed in the layer Monthly mass of pollutant removed from the layer Monthly input of ligand to the layer Volatilization index of the layer VOLF 0 0 means no volatilization diffusion from the layer while VOLF 1 0 means full volatilization diffusion from the layer Chapter 15 Input Specification Runoff Index Ratio of pollutant concentration in surface runoff to concentration in top sublayer Rain Ratio Ratio of pollutant concentration in rain to pollutant solubility in water Note For information on how to edit annual data sets see Working with the Annual INPUT table within the SESOIL Interface on page 261 Modifying the Profile Profile Properties To view or edit the profile properties lt right click gt the profile picture and click Profile Properties OR the profile name OR lt right click gt the profile name and click Profile Properties The Profile Properties dialogue box will appear l Prolile Propen toes The following data is available in the Profile Properties dialogue box Name Type the prof
234. r the sign to the left of Layer 4 Ten sublayers will appear in the tree the sign to the left of Sublayer 10 Available variables for this sublayer will appear in the tree Right click In Soil Moisture The menu box will appear Send To Combine All Preceding Combine All Following Combine All Combine All Chapter 17 Export Internal Transfer and Import of Simulation Results After a short computation reflected with a progress bar the following graph will appear in the separate window The graph for concentration at Sublayer 10 Layer 4 the point closest to the groundwater surface will appear in the Output View window combined for the whole simulated period Exporting data To export data presented on the graph place the mouse pointer at the graph line the bubble sign will appear and click right mouse button A button named Export will appear Export The Export Variable Name dialog box will appear Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 325 This dialog box allows you to specify the following settings for data export the step wise approximation method the data delimiter type the export file destination To export recharge rate from the SESOIL model 1 Select the step wise approximation method To do this the drop down arrow beside the Stepwise approximation drop down listbox and select the appropriate method of approximation e g Values for b
235. r at any time during the simulation The total mass of contaminant within each cell is partitioned among three phases liquid dissolved in water vapor and sorbed to solid surfaces The SESOIL model proved to be a very efficient tool for screening assessment of potential groundwater contamination The ability of the model to account for contaminant washload volatilization and air diffusion of the volatile organic contaminants sorption volatilization degradation cation exchange hydrolysis and metal complexation makes it a unique tool which only can be applied in many practical cases This model has also a lot of advantages to be used for risk assessment studies which require multi variant simulations UnSat Suite allows to quickly prepare run and interpret SESOIL simulation by use of graphical tools SESOIL is also equipped with a limited database of soil materials and agricultural and industrial contaminants 253 254 Introduction 15 Input Specification Profiles in SESOIL Part 6 The SESOIL Model This chapter describes how to setup a SESOIL project using specific parameter groups To learn how to open a SESOIL project please see Chapter 2 The SESOIL profile represents the unsaturated zone consisting of one material with homogeneous flow properties In the hydrologic cycle the whole column is treated as a single compartment extending from the soil surface to the groundwater table The profile is separated into 2
236. r example that your project site 1s located in the western outskirts of Wageningen The Netherlands The map of Europe will appear on your display as shown below F AA 7 r i TT To zoom into the correct location in the GIS searcher E 1 Left click on an area north west of your site 2 drag a zoom rectangle around your site and 3 release the left mouse button Repeat these steps until you can see your site To select the correct location of your site in the GIS searcher e Hy to activate the crosshairs your site 108 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data The window below illustrates what will appear if you zoom in on Wageningen The Netherlands Move the crosshairs to the spot on the map where your site is located and select Part 2 The HELP Model 109 The search results will appear Selec Hemez Heten Malmin EINDHOVEN TWENTE LIHGEA AO A FG The Select Nearest Meteo Station dialogue box displays the latitude and longitude of the point that you clicked as well as the closest cities that are in the database and the distance from your site in kilometers The closest weather station does not always best represent local weather conditions Water bodies and mountain ridges can cause a city that is farther away to be more representative Using your knowledge of local geography select the most representative city Parameters for this city will appear in the boxes throughout t
237. r in the Profile View or the layer name in the Project Tree View or lt right click gt the layer in the Project Tree View and click Properties or lt right click gt the layer in the Profile View and click Layer Properties A Profile Material Properties dialog box will appear Pi di i cl coal F Tapti 1 O arr Garad aduanas Tanpoi Parralas Ir Corel Lavar Top Lipa p Ske jzk Finain br p Eej fa Mia Tipe 1 Bloat Leachate Acces E Bier agh Since Lem T Lines 3 To edit the property values click the appropriate tab to open the parameter group that needs to be edited Type your changes in the corresponding text boxes located beside each parameter Edit the units of the parameters by selecting the appropriate unit from the associated list box The changes will be saved by clicking the OK button Part 4 The VS2DT Model 209 Substituting Material in a Layer To substitute material of a layer 1 Open the Profile Material Properties dialog box 2 Select 1f necessary new material category from the Material Category drop down list box 3 Click a new material from the Material Category list 4 Give the new layer a unique name and write a descriptive comment 5 Edit layer parameters or initial conditions if required 10 Click OK to accept all changes Editing Soil Hydrologic Properties Soil hydrologic properties determine conditions of water flow in the unsaturat
238. r year 3 The following structure will appear in the Output Tree E SeSoil Model Output 3 22 00 3 14 12 PM A Specified Time Concentration Se aa Specified Depth Monthly Output f EE E in Hydrologic Cycle Components Gl ES Washload Cycle Components H E Pollutant Mass Input fll Mass Distribution iy Pollutant Concentration Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting the sign to the left of Pollutant Concentration below Year 3 The list of four profile layers will appear in the Output Tree the sign to the left of Layer 4 Ten sublayers will appear in the tree the sign to the left of Sublayer 10 Available variables for this sublayer will appear in the tree the check box beside In Soil Moisture The graph for concentration at Sublayer 10 Layer 4 the point closest to the groundwater surface will appear in the Output View window Time Depth Table oe a E po d mn 1 E 11 Time month E In Soil Molsture Sublayerl 0 Layer 4 Pollutant Concentration Year 3 Specified Time Concentration Part 6 The SESOIL Model This output category allows you viewing vertical profiles of contaminant concentration in liquid gas and solid phases at any time during the simulation period Specified Time Concentration in the Select Result Category drop down list box the arrow in the Select Specified Time Concentration Result at
239. rameter in the desired annual data set click the left mouse button and move the pointer over the annual set you wish to multiply The selected annual set will be highlighted 2 in the text box beside the Add button and enter the number of copies 3 Add button The requested number of annual set copies will appear appended to the bottom of the table Note If the number of full annual data sets is less than the number of years specified in the Simulation Length the SESOIL model will run the last annual set until the end of the simulation To delete one or several annual sets 1 select one or more sequential annual sets as described above 2 Delete button 261 Input climate data from the Weather Generator database This option allows you to create an annual data set with site specific average monthly values for Mean Air Temperature and Total Monthly Precipitation contained in the WHI Weather Generator database This database contains data for more than 3000 locations around the Globe see chapter 6 for information on the Weather Generator To use this option 1 start the Weather Generator by selecting Run Weather Generator from the main menu OR theicon in the main toolbar 2 Run the Weather Generator for 1 year as described in Chapter 6 3 Save generated weather data and close the Weather Generator 4 Open the Climate Annual Input table as described in Specifying Climate on page 258 5 amp
240. ration during warm periods and e simulate surface storage snowmelt runoff and infiltration during cold periods The daily data can be imported from a weather data file for a particular meteorological station or synthetically generated from the Weather Generator For synthetic generation of daily values of precipitation mean temperature and solar radiation DOS HELP and Visual HELP version 1 included a Weather Generator developed by the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA U S Department of Agriculture as well as parameters for generating synthetic data for 139 U S cities These parameters for local probability processes were assessed using results of at least 20 year precipitation and 10 year temperature and radiation observations Daily precipitation is generated using a model that is based on the Markov Chain model and the Two parameter Gamma distribution model The occurrence of rain on a given day has a major influence on the values of temperature and solar radiation for the day The Weather Generator generates precipitation independently of the other variables and then generates temperature and solar radiation according to whether the day is wet or dry 99 World Weather Generator Database 100 After Visual HELP 1 01 was released WHI got a lot of requests from our clients worldwide to expand the area of Weather Generator application to other regions of the world Trying to meet these requests WHI has developed a gl
241. re head moisture content curve Must be negative Beta Haverkamp Haverkamp s parameter for the pressure head moisture content curve Must be negative Equal to slope of log log plot of 1 S 1 vs h Initial Conditions The initial water and chemical distributions may be set in the soil profile Either as a uniform profile where all layers have the same conditions or non uniformly where each layer may have a unique value Depending on the selections made the initial condition value must be entered under soil parameters or under profile initial conditions Initial Conditions Water Initial Conditions Water indicates if initial conditions are read as pressure heads or moisture contents Options include Uniform Moisture Content Uniform Pressure Head Equilibrium Profile Nonuniform Moisture Content and Nonuniform Pressure Head The following chart lists the active parameters associated with each selection and where the active parameter s are located Selection Location of New New Parameter a eee Uniform Moisture Profile Initial Conditions Value of Moisture Content Value of initial uniform Uniform Pressure Profile Initial Conditions Value of Pressure Head Value of initial uniform Head pressure head Equilibrium Profile Profile Initial Conditions Minimum Head for Equilibrium Profile Value of initial minimum pressure head for equilibrium profile Groundwater Depth Value of initial depth to ground water
242. resent results of your VLEACH simulation to your clients you may use the UnSat Suite Report Generator 4 To create a report and to add the project input data click the following icon from the Operational Icons tool bar The report will appear in a separate window By default the Report Generator lists all input data for your project to Fi AAA A ph ARA AA pp Aa A ADO GEES 71 4 i ii se a Project VLEACHd gt l Boda VLEACH a 1 Profile VLEACA profile El a 2 al Barai Tia E l ETA aj In the Report window you may edit the report input your own text and add any type of graphics or table outputs produced by UnSat Suite Note The graphs and tables will be placed at the insertion point To add a graph or a table to the report 1 In the Report window place the cursor to position where you want your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph or table using one of the methods described above 3 lt right click gt in the Result View 4 Insert To Report The graph or table will appear in the report 248 Chapter 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Part 5 The VLEACH Model A graph may appear smaller than the original To get the graph to the desired size click the graph in the Report window and stretch it until it reaches the desired size A table may be longer than the Report window allows In this case the table will be automatically wrapped Add ne
243. resented on the graph place the mouse pointer at the graph line the bubble sign will appear and click right mouse button A button named Export will appear Export Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 313 The Export Percolation or leakance through Layer 1 dialog box will appear Export Pescolati n w leakanoe Beough Lager 1 Vea 1 Espor ho le expel bd Er M ce ride T Use uraa apan format O Avaiage vain O Add vaka lo ing epar ia Cata ceri i es adela T Clouse intensity Vab he ch pa hinain ory EAS Export Cancel Helo T This dialog box allows you to specify the following settings for data export the step wise approximation method the data delimiter type the export file destination To export recharge rate from the Visual HELP model 1 Select the step wise approximation method To do this the drop down arrow beside the Stepwise approximation drop down listbox and select the appropriate method of approximation e g Values for beginning of a period Note To learn about step wise approximation methods see the explanation in the previous section p 296 2 Calculate intensity check box This will divide the monthly totals for precipitation by 30 4 to calculate the average daily recharge recharge rate Note If the percolation data were accumulated over a year Annual Output in Visual HELP the results will be divided by 365 25 when this function is appli
244. rimary standard for a solution of the most complicated practical problems This model was used in different applications for solution of some important cases e g wetland model Until now it was not easy to use Windows interface in which you were able to utilize all potential capabilities of this powerful code UnSat Suite allows you to quickly prepare run and interpret VS2D T simulation by the use of graphical tools The structure of the UnSat Suite interface allows you to decrease the number of input parameters by 2 5 times compared to the DOS version of the program VS2DT is equipped with a limited database of soil materials In the next release of UnSat Suite the database for several hundred soil types will be available 173 174 Introduction 10 Case Specifications Case Settings Part 4 The VS2DT Model Constructing the profile requires the user to make several decisions regarding initial conditions and which types of processes will be simulated These model options may be edited in the project parameter group labeled Case Settings The various model options include e Transport Simulation Type e Soil Hydraulics e Initial Water Conditions e Initial Chemical Conditions e Simulation Time and e Evapotranspiration The following sections outline the various methods used for editing the case settings Most case settings on selection introduce additional parameters There are tables which outline the various selectio
245. roject weather station customized to your local conditions with the whole set of features associated with the Weather Generator 131 132 Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Setting the Simulation Time with the Weather Generator Part 2 The HELP Model The simulation time 1s limited by the amount of weather data prepared The model will run for a length of time that weather data is available Likewise when you use the Weather Generator to create statistically reliable data you must type the simulation time in the Number of Years box which is located in the Simulation Length frame on the Weather Generator dialogue box shown below Weather Generator HELP File Fun View Help Heun roject Location City Region Latitude Longitude 43 46 20 492 ES Add to Database epresentative Meteo Station City Region Latitude Longitude Putta hy i289 78 86 Simulation Database Cities mee CENG Length text jai Al po Number of Years fo lt box enter simulation esco Tres gach Database length in H Buttalo Ny By Location years Burlington WT By Region OR ME recipitation nits cedar City LIT A e Syntheti meena certral Park E i Charleston Sc O senses 133 The default simulation time 1s zero years You must type in a positive integer value to use the Weather Generator The maximum number of simulation years is
246. rojects stored on other machines through the local area network View View close Project Tree Profile View Output Structure and Results View Project View project properties create a new profile or delete a profile Chapter 2 General Features Operational Icons oo THF BS me y Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface Profile View profile properties view layer group geometry for HELP view edit stress periods for VS2DT Run Run the selected model or run the Weather Generator HELP or view and edit stress period parameters VS2DT Output View simulation results and input file or clear the Results View Window Arrange the windows that present information about different profiles Settings Create edit or delete profile templates materials authors clients locations and unit templates You can also restore corrupted project clicking the Repair button Help Go to the Help window and general information on UnSat Suite The operational icons provide you with quick access to functions related to projects Create New Project Click this icon to begin a new project Save Project Click this icon to save a project with its current settings Open Close the Project Tree View Click this icon to open and close the Project Tree View if you need more space for the graphs Create New Profile Choose this icon to create a new profile in the open project View Profile Choose this icon to view the profile that is highlight
247. roup 1 the Washload Settings OR 2 lt right click gt the Washload Settings and Click Edit The following dialog box will appear bajos CE Lira Creve ral a nnn cru Ghd be 1 cd sal ca e pad a LP E racimo a OC N TT JA neden m bha prai aLi fhe gure en il eer E paj Fam 150 CO nm Se hn me ra AO Tha es at A Gay Fico a pl Cy Macri is lol LY a NN 2 ETER i thes brgh a sa eee se dices sera Soe i Cac Awan foo of Chee dana cee The following parameters can be edited in the Washload Settings parameter group Washload Area Washload simulation area must be less than or equal to the profile area Silt Fraction Silt fraction in the topsoil Sand Fraction Sand fraction in the topsoil Clay Fraction Clay fraction in the topsoil Note The sum of the silt sand and clay fractions must equal 1 265 Slope Length Slope length of the representative landscape element Slope Average slope of the representative landscape element Specifying Washload Schedule 266 To open the Washload Schedule parameter group 1 the Washload Schedule OR 2 lt right click gt the Washload Schedule and Click Edit The following dialog box will appear lea Ga head de a ET mh Th H ata in Ei iR i aa l I E 30 oo 40 d IE 30 566 IG 30 15 0 Finais g eleen La id y The following parameters can be edited in the Washload Schedule parameter group Soil Erodibility Factor Universal Soil L
248. row in the Select Result Category drop down listbox The following list will appear Observation Point Specified Time Specified Depth Balance T ables Click the category to view The first available result group for this category will appear in the listbox below To view all available result groups click the arrow in the Select Name of Category Result at drop down listbox Specified Time and Depth The list of all times including the observation times will appear if you selected Specified Time in the Select Result Category drop down listbox UO days OO Use the slider to reach the time of your interest and click it The selected time will appear in the drop down box by To view all results available for this specific time click the icon to the ke right of the Select Specified Time Result at box 164 Chapter 9 Viewing Output and Reporting Part 3 The PESTAN Model The list of available results will open in the Result Tree Festan Model Output 3 17 99 1 05 56 PM 8 Observation Point Specified Time MEE 10 00 days Click the check box beside the type of variable you wish to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window To add the graph for another times to the same window select a new times from the Select Specified Time Result at box and check the same variables you will get a warning 1f you choose different variables The Results View will s
249. rsive flux from the boundary node The specified mass flux is used to represent a strictly diffusive flux and can only be combined with the impermeable flow boundary If No Specified Boundary condition is chosen for the boundary where flow 1s into domain the mass flux rate is calculated as the sum of influx rate times concentration of inflow For stress periods or parts of stress periods when flow leaves the domain no transport boundary conditions will be specified See Boundary Rules Under this condition the rate of solute flux out of the domain is equal to the rate of water flux times the concentration at the boundary node Diffusive flux out of the domain is not allowed The evapotranspiration boundary condition assumes the water to be solute free Chapter 10 Case Specifications Part 4 The VS2DT Model Setting Transport Boundaries The boundary condition can be altered at each time step to accurately represent the chemical s loading history at the boundary over a specified period of time To edit the flow boundaries open the appropriate parameter group To open the Transport Boundary parameter group 1 lt right click gt on the boundary you wish to edit 2 Click Edit The Upper or Lower Transport Boundary dialog box will open or the name of the group The Transport Boundary dialog box is shown below E Edi Pareciera 145207 Trarapod Llapei Bounelasy You can add time steps by Add
250. s Through this menu you may perform operations with layer view and edit profile properties save this profile as a template for your future projects and print the profile picture You may use a number of graphical tools to modify profile structure to correspond with a desired or observed soil profile Because of the differences in nature of the simulated profiles the sets of tools for profile editing in HELP and VS2DT differ and will be described in corresponding chapters In this chapter the commonly used tools are explained In both models the layering structure may be revised by either merging splitting layers and or resizing a layer Merging layers essentially deletes one layer and expands the other layer into the space occupied by the deleted layer Splitting layers divides a single layer into two layers The properties for either layers may be changed to reflect the new desired profile Layers can be merged by erasing their boundary When you erase a layer boundary the layer that shares the boundary takes over the span of the area formerly occupied by the erased layer 45 46 To erase layer boundary 1 Move the mouse arrow between two layers The cursor symbol will change New Cursor Symbol ea a a SRS at a 2 lt right click gt 3 Click Merge Layers from the appeared menu The Erase Boundary dialog box will appear Erase Boundary Select layer to erase C Guelph Sandy Loam OF Cancel Hel
251. s period to be of the same length for all boundary conditions However flow and transport processes at the boundary are independent by its nature In UnSat Suite the length of stress periods for all four boundary conditions may be specified independently which makes the simulation of boundary processes more flexible These stress periods are specified by the user for each boundary condition After the data preparation process is finished and the user has saved the project settings the user determined stress periods are calculated into the model stress periods Each of the model stress periods is characterized by the unique combination of the boundary conditions In addition to calculation of the user s defined stress periods the interface also fills tail time gaps in the boundary condition schedule If the total length of the period for which the boundary condition is determined is less than the total simulation length the 225 226 remaining time will be filled with the last boundary condition stress period By default all model stress periods are set with the default stress period parameters specified in Stress Period Defaults parameter group However in many cases it may be necessary to edit these parameters for a particular model stress period One such case 1s when the pressure head at the boundary changes rapidly and the model solution starts to oscillate In this case the reduction of the initial time step permits a solution to
252. s for the lower layer only will be used for calculation Profile Properties Profiles contain more information than simply the number and types of layers contained in the profile To change the profile properties lt right click gt the profile in the Profile View and click Profile Properties Or the profile name in the Project Tree View Or lt right click gt the profile name in the Project Tree View and click Properties 78 Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile The Profile Properties dialogue box will appear El Probie Propesties General arre EPA pod del Eevan i Name Type the name of the profile in this box Description Type a description of the profile here Elevation If the Top fixed check box is selected you can set the maximum height of the profile Any editing of the profile s thickness will result in the bottom elevation to change If the Bottom fixed check box is selected you can set the maximum depth of the profile Any editing of the profile s thickness will cause the top elevation to change Area Type the land area represented by the profile in this box Case Settings The Case Settings parameter group of the profile contains parameters which affect the entire landfill The factors found in Case Settings determine how the model calculates the amount of water runoff from the landfill and how much water is initially present in the landfill Depending on the selection made runoff C
253. s from the Project Tree View 1 the on the left of the soil you are editing 2 7 Transport Parameters OR 1 lt the on the left side of the soil you are editing 2 lt right click gt on Transport Parameters 3 Click Edit The Edit Parameters Transport Parameters dialogue box will open OR Part 4 The VS2DT Model 213 214 1 lt right click gt on name of the soil you wish to edit 2 Click Properties The Edit Properties dialogue box will open 3 Click the Transport Parameters tab To access Transport properties from the Profile View 1 lt right click gt on the layer 2 Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties dialogue box will open 3 Click the Transport Parameters tab OR 1 on the layer The Profile Material Properties dialogue box will open 2 Click the Transport Parameters tab Note The Transport Parameters group will appear for all profile lay ers provided the Transport Simulation selection in the Case Settings group 1s not set to No transport simulation The Edit Parameters dialogue box will appear as shown below para dra e podi a DA HT Liers e 1d ere vi epee erie PS A pa AAA Derim DEES HY TA co BT Dak ced al call pa COG HTT oad E Fek pei AE HT TERE ci o CR HP oe ee Here you may edit transport parameters using the common tool of the UnSat Suite The appearance of the Transport Parameters dialogue box depends on the selection made in
254. s that account for the effects of surface storage snowmelt runoff infiltration evapotranspiration vegetative growth soil moisture storage lateral subsurface drainage leachate recirculation unsaturated vertical drainage or leakage through soil geomembrane or composite liners Built in Databases and tools e Weather Generator a tool for synthetic generation for up to 100 years of daily values of precipitation air temperature and solar radiation e Soil waste and geomembrane database which contains parameters for 42 materials WHI has developed a Windows 95 98 NT interface for the version 3 08 of the HELP model which was released in May 1998 under the name Visual HELP version 1 101 This software was presented at the trade show at SWANA s WASTECON 1998 and ISWA World Congress 1998 in Charlotte North Carolina Currently more than 300 copies of this product are being used by consulting companies government regulator bodies and Universities in U S A Canada U K Germany Australia Sweden Mexico France Slovenia Slovakia and Hungary 71 New Features of Visual HELP 2 1 Profile Viewing and Editing e A layer now can be split into two separate layers e Numbers of the layers appear in the Project Tree which simplifies interpretation of results Weather Generating e New databases and GIS searching tools have been developed for the major regions of the world more than 3000 weather stations e Data in NOAA format
255. se the Project Tree View or click the X in the Profile View to close it To select the output category under Select Result Category select the type of output you want to view 218 Chapter 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting The first possible result group will appear in the list box below Specified ime Specified Depth Balance Accumulated Balance Rate Tablez To view all available result groups click the arrow in the Select Name of Category Result at drop down list box Specified Time and Depth The list of observation times will appear if you select Specified Time in the Select Result Category Under Select Specified Time Result at choose the output time you wish to view 11 206 days 11 476 days 11 774 days 12 000 dans 12 21 days 12 596 daps 12 969 days 13 352 days To view all results available for this specific time click the icon to the Ss right of the Select Specified Time Result at box The list of available results will open in the Result Tree Dutput x Select Result Category Sts Specified Time Select Specified Time Result At 12 000 days fet E E S207 Model Output 3711799 11 17 18 AM Er Es ge Time Part 4 The VS2DT Model 219 Click the check box beside the type of variable you wish to view The graph of the variable will appear in the Result View window To add the graph for another times to the same window select a
256. sport simulation The default parameters include Alpha L Longitudinal dispersivity of the porous medium can vary between 10cm 300 cm for field site applications Alpha T Transverse dispersivity of the porous medium D Molecular Diffusion Molecular diffusion coefficient Decay Constant Decay constant Dry Bulk Density Dry Bulk density of solid phase Soil Hydraulic Function Soil Hydraulic Function is a logical variable that defines the specific soil hydraulic function used for the simulation Options include Brooks and Corey van Genuchten and Haverkamp The following chart lists the active parameters found under Soil Parameters for each soil with their respective selection Active Parameters Under Each Soil s Soil Parameters Brooks and Corey H Brooks and Corey Bubbling or air entry pressure potential Lambda Brooks and Corey Pore size distribution index van Genuchten Alpha van Genuchten van Genuchten s parameter for the pressure head moisture content curve Must be negative Beta van Genuchten Exponent in van Genuchten s function for the pressure head moisture content curve 178 Chapter 10 Case Specifications Haverkamp A Haverkamp Pressure potential where relative hydraulic conductivity 0 5 B Haverkamp Haverkamp s constant equal to the slope of the log log plot of 1 Kr 1 versus the pressure potential Alpha Haverkamp Haverkamp s parameter for the pressu
257. stbox 7 To view all results available for this specific type of output click the icon ke to the right of the Select Balance Result at box The list of available variables will appear Remaining m liquid phase Remaining in solid phase Total maze of remaining Liquid phase deca Part 3 The PESTAN Model 167 Select the desired variables and view them by using all tools described earlier Viewing Tables UnSat Suite allows you to view and edit PESTAN balance tables and add them to a report To access the desired table click the arrow in the Select Result Category drop down listbox and click Tables In the lower Select Tables Result at box you will get Balance 7 Click the icon to the right of the Select Tables Result at box to add the fe output to the Output Tree In the Output Tree select the check box beside the Balance in the Output Tree to view all results available for this specific table The following dialogue box will appear Table Balance Al E G ka Table Fost To Display Skeet Tables Cobrar To Dira 1910 000 e Foti A ped phere o Ci 0 O A Ramsar n pod pra ps pa Lia loba eh Dl PENN Da 00 Liriphsse deca E Sgke o D LO ee Dia 301000 ew De Here you may select desired output times and variables to customize your table You may use the following tools for editing a table 168 Chapter 9 Viewing Output and Reporting Creating a Report P e Unselect All to unselect all times or v
258. sun D Houe Content OE l O m Doncentabon e 16000 da Epere la To add the graph for another time to the same window select a new time from the Select Specified Time Result at box and check the same variables you will get a warning if you choose different variables The Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 53 54 Results View will show profile distribution of the variable for different times O E Toca Ha Ni Pree heed am are O oo Meets Comers 0 a laico O a Lera a ll If you wish to view output for another variable click the corresponding check box The warning will be posted 1f the new and previous variables are measured in different units il amina If you want to view both variables you may place results for the second variable into the new Result Window To do this lt right click gt the name of the second variable The following menu will appear Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method If you want to see outputs for more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right Chapter 3 Common Tools Viewing Tables Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Resultando Result Window 1 Choose New Result
259. t The following dialog box will appear Dema EE SDL Chema Paara har Fourie Diki pa 267 the drop down arrow of the Material list box A list of 23 sample chemicals will appear Benzolk flouranthene Benzola prrene Chlordane Chlorobenzene Chloroform Select a desired chemical and edit the chemical parameters to match the conditions of your site In addition to using the available contaminants you may add as many new chemicals to the database as required using the Material Designer see Chapter 2 Editing Chemical Properties You can access contaminant properties in two ways To access chemical properties 1 the name of the chemical in the Project Tree Chemical Parameters tab OR 2 the name of the chemical and click Edit Chemical Parameters tab 268 Chapter 15 Input Specification Part 6 The SESOIL Model The following dialog box will appear k Peik alder Poetics a BEHN Chera Wate Esc Frew ir Disen Cosieerd deny La Con Ea Orga Cabo Partition Daik 31 OOOOOOOOCOO Suchen Cocer ooo Yanga pg Bm Had tee Comi on Ad Hike Di mig Liquel Phare Dspraciabor Fists Coal 0000000 Sid Phase Degradation Rate Cos ECO Dianto onis DOCU Falsas Cii dl Ligar WEE n Hokka ig dl Ligara D al Cabs of En ara in rada e a 2 hesan ri Pa heca ob che cantare hasten o he bushy paiia i mig ha dl ceeded escriba the cata rie Esa el aia eer i Fires qe rece
260. t contains only three sample chemicals It is planned to add several hundred common volatile chemicals to the database for the next version of this product 234 Chapter 13 Input Specification Editing Contaminant Properties You can access the properties of a contaminant in two ways To access contaminant properties 1 the name of the pesticide Chemical Parameters tab Or 2 the name of the pesticide and click Edit Chemical Parameters tab bd a Pa rica oi sad Lancer a ikad carabina wis Dia red od era debe ee pr dl tn Chace ol e bed jar partir al he errar Fee fe Dd can lan po q rad laa dl de ee de eee dea dl ieee EE xl The following contaminant parameters are changeable in this dialogue box Water Solubility Solubility of the chemical in water under the standard conditions Organic Carbon Partition Coefficient Characteristics of chemicals describing the partitioning of the contaminant with organic carbon Henry s Law Constant Characteristic of the liquid gas partitioning the contaminant Free Air Diffusion Coefficient Characteristic transfer of the contaminant due to Brownian motion in the air phase For more information on chemical parameters see extracts from the official VLEACH manual in the appendices Modifying the Profile Profile Properties To view or edit the profile properties Part 5 The VLEACH Model 235 236 lt right click gt the profile picture and click Profi
261. t right click gt on the observation point name in the Project Tree View and select Properties Project Manager o20 T a Sl T e O E Gy 5201 pal 52047 profile He Solver Settings lteration Criteria Eyvapotranspiration 2 Boundary Condition Output Settings a Guelph Sand a ea Guelph Sandy L Hj be Guelph Loamy cl ls unkown Delete Lindo Delete Properties The following dialog box will appear 1 Observation Poi Miel E3 Mame Junkown Description description Elevation J 0 500 units OK Cancel Edit properties of the observation point and OK Deleting an Observation Point To delete an observation point Part 4 The VS2DT Model 199 lt right click gt on the observation point in the Project Tree View Delete Ungo Delete Properties Delete Restoring an Observation Point To restore an observation point lt right click gt on the observation point in the Project Tree View Undo Delete Setting the Initial Conditions When using VS2DT you must specify initial conditions for water and contaminant distribution You may do it by layer or assign the values uniformly distributed within the profile Selecting the Type of Initial Condition Water To select the type of initial condition for water 1 Open the Case Settings parameter group 2 in the Value cell to the left of the Initial Condition Water The following list box will appe
262. tabase frame and type the first two letters of the location name The indicator in the Location column will show the location that matches your selection You may however want to see all database locations for the region country where your project site is located In this case search the database by region To search the database by region click in the By Region box and type the first two letters of the region s abbreviated name All locations from the region will be displayed in alphabetical order The following is a list of the regions and their database abbreviations The list is alphabetical for each map There are eight maps including U S A and Canada Africa Asia Australia Europe North America South America and the Former USSR The U S A and Canada map contains only stations in the United States The stations are abbreviated by state Abbreviation Region State U S A and Canada AK Alaska AL Alabama AR Arkansas AZ Arizona CA California CO Colorado CT Connecticut DC District of Columbia DE Delaware FL Florida GA Georgia HI Hawaii IA Iowa ID Idaho Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Part 2 The HELP Model IL Illinois IN Indiana KS Kansas KY Kentucky LA Louisiana MA Massachusetts MD Maryland ME Maine MI Michigan MN Minnesota MO Missouri MS Mississippi MT Montana NC North Carolina ND North Dakota NE Nebraska NH New Hampshire NJ New Jersey NM New Mexico NV Nevada NY New York O
263. ter to the layer s boundary The pointer symbol will change New Cursor 2 Click and drag the boundary to its new location 3 Type the correct elevation in the Confirm Value dialogue box 4 Click OK To access a layer 1 lt right click gt on the soil in the Profile View 2 Click Layer Properties The Profile Material Properties dialogue box for the soil will open or the layer name in the Project Tree View or lt right click gt the layer name and click Properties Chapter 8 Input Specification Editing Soil Properties Part 3 The PESTAN Model E Pride Sater Piper r E ETAN Westerico Send Met vedre fra PES TAH To substitute a layer 1 Select a new material category from the Material Category list The available soils will appear in the Material drop down listbox 2 Select a new soil material from the Material list 3 Give the new layer a unique name and write a descriptive comment 4 Click the Soil Parameters tab and edit the values for soil parameters if necessary 5 Click OK Open the Profile Material Properties dialogue box using one of the methods described in the previous section the Soil Parameters tab Bise Ol de dl is Eo bl e ll Tha vera of star ad cba rekaires do tea bu our of ro A pare ed le ae e card perder Porras reir unt paa percha Chucho yl e ls at 0d do oe he dor cera The iran pation caan cbr dutsbeben ol tha pollutant bab Folio pardo eerie
264. th Annual Summary Result at drop down listbox The list of available sub categories will appear Hydrologic Cycle Components Washload Cycle Components Pollutant Mass Input Mass Distribution Pollutant Concentration Maxinurn Pollutant Depth Average Concentration in Ground ater Pollutant Concentration 287 the icon to the right of the Select Depth Annual Summary Result at box The list of profile layers will appear in the Output Tree below the last viewed output You may need to use the side slider in the Output Tree to reach this sub category Now you may study contaminant concentration presented for each layer and sub layer Let for example study the contaminant concentration close to the groundwater level in case you have all allowed layers and sublayers this refers to Layer 4 Sublayer 10 the sign to the left of Layer 4 Sublayers of Layer 4 will appear in the tree the sign to the left of the bottom Sublayer Available variables for this sublayer will appear in the tree Elf Sublayer0 the check box beside In Soil Moisture The graph for concentration resembling the following will appear in the Output View window 288 Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Time Depth Table a E mi Ti E 365 23565 4365 B365 Time days Sg In Soll Moisture Sublayer 1 0 Layer 4 Pollutant Concentration Viewing Specified D
265. the problem To view or edit parameters of the model stress periods Run in the main menu The following list will appear eater eternal Stress Periods VS2D T Stress Periods The Stress Period Settings dialogue box will appear Here you may edit parameters of the individual model stress periods For more information on parameters see Stress Period Defaults on page 192 Chapter 12 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 5 The VLEACH Model 228 Introduction Part 5 The VLEACH Model VLEACH is a popular US EPA model widely used for assessment of potential groundwater impacts and volatilization of volatile organic contaminants Allowed profile structure one layer homogeneous profile with initially uneven distribution of volatile contaminant Simulated processes Surface constant recharge rate Subsurface constant flow and transport of volatile contaminant through soul sorption volatilization diffusion to atmosphere and leaking of contaminant to groundwater VLEACH is a 1 D finite difference model The code simulates leaching in a soil polygon The contaminant may be present in the soil as initial condition and may be introduced at the top boundary as a concentration for the recharge A polygon is represented by a vertical stack of cells with constant depth that reach from the land surface to the groundwater table The soil properties are considered to be uniform within the pol
266. the Transport Simulation listbox of the Case Settings parameter group Some of the transport parameters always exist in the dialogue box some of them appear depending on which choice was made in the Transport Simulation list box of the Case Settings parameter group Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile Permanent Soil Hydrologic Parameters The following parameters are not dependent on selections made in the Case Settings parameter group Alpha L Longitudinal dispersivity of the porous media can vary between 10cm 300 cm for field site applications Alpha T Transverse dispersivity of the porous media D Molecular Diffusion Molecular diffusion coefficient Decay Constant Decay constant Dry Bulk Density Dry Bulk density of solid phase Dependent Transport Parameters The following parameters appear depending on the selection made in the Transport Simulation list box of the Case Settings parameter group Selection Active Parameter made for Transport Simulation No Default Parameters adsorption or ion exchange Linear Default Parameters AON K Linear Adsorption Equilibrium distribution coefficient Freundlich Default Parameters Adsorption K Freundlich Isotherm Freundlich adsorption constant n Freundlich Isotherm Freundlich exponent Langmuir Default Parameters Adsorption K Langmuir Isotherm Langmuir adsorption constant Q Langmuir Isotherm Maximum number of adsorption sites
267. the cross section is equal to your maximum gradient in the sub area of your landfill Drained Only Lateral Drainage layers and Geotextiles and Geonets can be drained You can edit Leachate Recirculation and To layer which allows you to decide if the leachate will recirculate through the landfill and if so to which layer it will recirculate Drainage Only Lateral Drainage layers and Geotextiles and Geonets can be drained You can edit the Drainage Slope Drainage Length Leachate Circulation and To layer which allows you to decide if the leachate will recirculate through the landfill and if so to which layer it will recirculate Drainage Length refers to the spacing between drainage pipes Top Bottom Elevation Type the top or bottom the one allowed for the profile elevation of the layer in this box Layer Parameters Tab Click the Specific tab to edit the properties of the layer material 90 Chapter 5 Designing the Landfill Profile Parameter Displayed in this column are the parameters of the material Value Edit the values of the parameters in this column Units You can change the units in this column Comment Edit the comments about the parameters in this column Deleting Layers There are three ways to delete a layer You can delete a layer from the Profile View Project Tree View or the Tool bar To delete a layer from the Profile View 1 lt right click gt the layer foorn Out Insert L
268. three soil phases soil air or gas phase soil moisture phase and soil solid phase SESOIL requires time variable boundary conditions and sources and performs calculations using constant time intervals of 30 4 days average month The minimum simulation length for SESOIL is one year which starts in October and ends in September Editing General Profile Properties To edit the general profile properties the Profile Properties dialogue window has to be opened the profile name in the Project Tree View The picture resem bling the following will appear F Prolite Paoperters Cereal hare SES L prota A Lint ot E Capi iano Top lao El chiar g Aiba f 0124 71 acia Thren In this window you may assign the elevation of the profile top change units for elevation profile name or add a profile description In the Area text window you may input the area of site The value of the area is used to calculate the profile balance Specifying the Case Settings 256 The Case Settings section contains parameters that affect the entire model profile These settings are used to configure the SESOIL model The Case Settings can be accessed from the Project Tree on the left hand side of the window Chapter 15 Input Specification To open the Case Settings parameter group 1 the Case Settings 2 OR lt right click gt the Case Settings 3 Click Edit The following dialog box will appear ida Parra
269. times and variables to customize your table You may use the following tools for editing a table Unselect All to unselect all times or variables and then click desired if you want to show only a small number of rows or columns in the table Select All if you wish to specify all lists after you have unselected some times or variables Transpose if you want to switch columns and rows OK after you have set a table The table will appear in the Result View All methods of table editing are applicable to the Peak daily values table This table differs in its components from the rest of the tables 140 Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting However the data 1t contains allows you to focus at the extreme hydrologic events Time Depth Tabla Peak dalby values 12998 00 223 12 VOTE 04 de rd 160 09 235 14 2 SOME 40 E 14 EEN oa 1d 162404 2 E 1 ARRE Im 7 A 6106 06 18 id ATEA ES 3 Note that the Rate indicated is a unit rate based on the layer 1 e in the above example 2 45 inches of precipitation fell everywhere in the model To determine the volumetric rate multiply this value by the area you are interested in Explanation of Variables Part 2 The HELP Model The variables that can be graphed in Visual HELP are explained below Precipitation Runoff Evapotranspiration Evaporative zone water Change in water storage Inflow in the form of rain or sno
270. ting output units in Visual HELP equal to the desired units of the model recipient Working with the WHI UnSat Suite you may select different units for the HELP and VS2DT models The HELP model produces recharge values percolation through the top layer accumulated over a selected time interval day month or year in units of length while VS2DT requires input in units of flux m day In addition the HELP model produces recharge values accumulated over a selected time interval day month or year while VS2DT allows setting the time intervals for the flow upper bundary in days only As such you must be careful to check the consistency of Visual HELP and VS2DT units The recommended units for flow through the upper boundary recharge rate in VS2DT are m day To set these units for export from the HELP model select the Metric unit template for HELP output when setting the project properties Project Properties HELP for 52DT open by MIKHAIL Biel E3 General Model HELP Location Units Author Client Info Select Input Output Unit Templates Input Customary Output Metric z To Edt or Create Unit Templates Click Here gt He Edit Units Select Output Unit System for HELP original listing and Weather Generator Metric tu Cancel Help The metric Unit template has unit m for length and days for time Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 301 Opening Visual H
271. tion and a new layer will appear in the Project Tree A aa SE A Line splitting the GE layer in two a w o gt Pos Now each part of the layer can be edited separately with each section having its own unique properties You may also substitute a material in the new layer Part 4 The VS2DT Model 207 El P New project E 7 The two Ed BF S2D T profiled distinct F g Ea Case Settings sections 2 Solver Settings of the Output Settings layer 9 Ewapotranspiration Y ets Upper Boundary for Flow Y ak Lower Boundary for Flow Y ak Upper Boundary for Transport ak Lower Boundary for Transport B Guelph Sand Guelph Sandy Loam ee Guelph Sandy Loam Guelph Loamy Sand Resizing a Layer To resize a layer 1 Move the mouse pointer between two layers The pointer symbol will change New Cursor Symbol 2 Click and drag the boundary to its new location 3 Either accept the new elevation or type the correct elevation in the Confirm Value dialog box 4 Click OK 208 Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile Changing Properties of a Layer There are four different groups of parameters associated with a layer in VS2DT e General Parameters e Soil Parameters Transport Parameters Initial Conditions To edit the properties of an existing layer in the profile open the Profile Material Properties dialog box using one of the following methods the laye
272. tively transpiring vegetation to the surface area on which the vegetation is growing UnSat Suite provides you with the value typical of the selected location The maximum value for bare soil is 0 For a poor stand of grass the typical value is 1 for a fair stand of grass 2 for a good stand of grass 3 5 and for an excellent stand of grass 5 Growing season start and end days The start and end of the growing season are determined generally by air temperature In North America the growing season starts when the mean daily temperature rises above 10 12 C 50 55 F Average wind speed This is the average annual wind speed Quarterly relative humidity These are the average quarterly values of relative humidity Generating Weather Data 114 The majority of the database locations allow you to synthetically generate precipitation In this case you must specify the number of years to be simulated If the database city you have selected has historical precipitation data and you have chosen to use this data then the simulation will run for five years by default For these cities the number of years for the simulation of temperature and solar radiation data will also be restricted to five years To specify the number of years to be simulated click in the Number of Years box under the Project tab and type the number of years maximum 100 To run the Weather Generator af on the Weather Generator tool bar Or RuniAll
273. to edit the input parameters in the database Note Editing of database records can permanently harm your data The database editor 1s inactive the editor toolbar 1s greyed out by default It becomes available when you add a new record or when you click the Edit check box el Edit e x e to insert a new line above the current record s to delete the current record s w to save the current record e x to cancel changes to the current record Once you have prepared the input data you can run the Weather Generator Chapter 6 Generating Weather Data Importing Weather Data in Canadian Climate Centre Format Part 2 The HELP Model In addition to generating weather data or using the default five year sets of precipitation for the selected years UnSat Suite allows you to import files containing weather data in the format used by the Canadian Climate Centre Sample files are provided with the installation and will appear in the Weather Import subfolder of your WHI UnSat Site Visual HELP folder This folder contains two years of Canadian weather data in proper format The files are CanPrec dat for precipitation CanTemp dat for temperature and CanSRar dat for solar radiation Please NOTE that if you want to import more than 2 years of data we recommend that you split up your data into multiple files each containing 2 years and import them separately To import data in this format From the File menu of Weath
274. ts tab The Units selection dialog box will appear the drop down arrow beside Output and select Metric from the drop down list Ct Project Properties HELP recharge open by MIKHAIL PIE ES Gerwsal Hodet HELF Location Units Author Cient bro Select Input Duil Urna Templabes ETT y P E E E o E E E E E E E E E E E uipi He F To Edi o Create Urd Termplates Chck Hera de Edit Units Select Duig Urd Suhar bor HELP pignal bra and Weatei Generali The metric Unit template has unit m for length and days for time OK to close the dialog box Note the example above shows how to change units in a previously created project when units differ from the desired units If you are creating a new project for HELP simulation set appropriate units right at the project set up see Chapter 2 Part 7 Export and Import of Simulation Results 311 Opening the Visual HELP output with the desired time intervals To open the recharge data with monthly time intervals the drop down arrow in the Select Result category drop down list box and then Monthly Output Year 3 in the Select Monthly Output Result at drop down list box the icon to the right of the Select Monthly Output Result e at box The list of available monthly variables for year 3 will open in the Result Tree Dubpat o Selec Rasul Category fa Select Monthky Duim Aandi ii vem 3 2 H
275. u chose the customary unit system Q Select Location You can type the co ordinates of your site in the Longitude and Latitude boxes or click Select Location to use the GIS Map Choose a GIS map from the list There are 8 maps available These maps include Africa Asia Australia Europe North America South America the Former USSR and the US Chapter 2 General Features 93 Map OF x File View Property Help EXE Latitude 46 83 Longitude 1 77 41 ZA ao Click and drag a zoom rectangle around your site Repeat until you see cities near your site a Map File View Property Help Maap l ES Latitude 44 21 Longitude 80 51 ee e to activate the cross hairs Click your site with the crosshairs Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 21 The Location Settings dialog box will reappear Select Nearest Meteo Station Ea Seleced Location Latitude 80 514 Longitude 43 466 Nearest Meteo Stations Distance miles Select one of the stations that best represents your climate conditions and click OK You will return back to the Location Settings dialog box Notice that the longitude and latitude have been updated to your site Note For this GIS searcher a longitudinal value that is negative indi cates west while a positive value indicates east relative to the prime meridian Similarly a negative value for latitude is south while a positive value is north relative to the equator
276. ubstitute a chemical open Profile Material Properties dialogue box To open Profile Material Properties dialogue box 1 the name of the pesticide Or 2 the name of the pesticide and click Edit Pide YU id Pi hi the drop down arrow of the Material listbox The list of available pesticides will appear lachlor Aldicarb Select a desired pesticide and click it After you have selected the pesticide you may edit its parameters to make them completely match your case In the UnSat Suite version 2 2 02 the list contains only 15 sample pesticides It is planned to add several hundred common pesticides to the database for the next version of UnSat Suite Part 3 The PESTAN Model 153 Editing Pesticide Properties 154 You can access the properties of a pesticide in two ways To access pesticide properties 1 the name of the pesticide Pesticide Parameters tab Or 2 the name of the pesticide and click Edit Pesticide Parameters tab Ei Oe eee a as ee et rd Dei dei de usd Paca ole bara Pl Lara di o ri iS cp rr A E E LO ee ula H The following is a list of changeable pesticide characteristics and a brief description of each Water solubility The solubility of the chemical in water under the standard conditions Organic carbon partition coefficientCharacteristic organic carbon content of the soil Solid phase degradation rate constantDecay of the pollutant at the surf
277. ure Head ft 0 10 aLi Now you may select the Boundary type and related units and edit the values of boundary conditions for each time period separately The way to do it is quiet similar to that used for the Case Settings parameter group The only difference is that units for specific type of boundary condition has to be uniform through the whole table e g pressure heads for all periods has to be measured only in m or feet or cm The interface allows you to delete the wrongly set line or insert the line before the current These operations can be done with Insert and Delete buttons Substituting Layer Materials and Chemicals To substitute a layer or chemical and edit its parameters you have to open Profile Material Properties dialog box the name Guelph Loamy Sand from the example VS2DT profile tree structure The following dialog box will appear 25 Profile Material Properties Material Guelph Loamy Sand General Soil Parameters Transport Parameters Initial Conditions Name Guelph Loamy Sand pacer eS Layer Specific CLayer s Top Layer s Bottom Info Elevation m fa 400 Elevation m 2 200 Thickness m ba SIGBEe 1 fo 000 Sopel fo 000 leachate Recirculation fo 0 Slope lenath fo 000 Slope Length fo 000 a Laver none cuca tee To edit a specific group of parameters click the appropriate tab In case you want to substitute the lay
278. urns to Print window Setup Opens the Print Setup window You can adjust the paper size and source choose a printer and click either landscape or portrait style In this window Properties Opens the printer s Properties window 58 Chapter 3 Common Tools OK Saves changes and returns to Print window Cancel Discards changes and returns to Print window Include in Print Click to include the project title and or the company logo on the graph Design Opens the Title and Logo Dialog window Choose to design the project title or the company logo Font Choose font style and size Text Type text that will appear on logo or title Bitmap Enter the bitmap you wish to open Delete Delete the selected graphic Browse Choose a graphic from file Save Saves design and returns to Print window Cancel Discards changes and returns to Print window Margin Change the page margins Margins Units Choose to set the margins in mm or in Description Type in an appropriate comment Print Print the selected output Cancel Close the Print window without saving the settings Help Shortcut to On Line Help Preparing a Report To present results of your VS2DT simulation to your clients you may use the UnSat Suite Report Generator Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 59 Ey To create a report and add the project input data to it click the icon from the Operational Icons toolbar The report will appear in a sep
279. urve Number can be calculated by the model which requires no additional input by the user or the runoff Curve Number can be specified or calculated by the user In both of the latter cases the user must input the runoff area and the runoff curve number Part 2 The HELP Model 79 Editing Case Settings Runoff Method 80 When determining a calculation method for the initial moisture settings the user can specify not only whether or not the model will calculate the value but whether or not the landfill will have a uniform moisture throughout Each individual layer can have a different amount of initial moisture storage This is specified in the Profile Properties dialogue box In Case Settings the user only indicates how the model is to calculate the storage amount Indicating user specified allows the user to select uniform or non uniform concentrations of initial water storage later on Editing Case Settings can cause changes in other parameters depending on the selection made in the Case Settings To edit case settings 1 lt right click gt on Case Settings 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters dialogue box will open Or the Case Settings 3 From the Value list click your selection 4 Click OK As with the original DOS HELP the rainfall runoff processes in UnSat Suite are modeled using the USDA Soil Conservation Service curve number method which is widely accepted and allows you to adjust the runoff calculation
280. ust specify flow and transport parameters for the uppermost layer only Individual transport parameter settings for the lower layers are determined by parameter value ratios for the specific layer To set the layer structure of the SESOIL profile the Layer Parameters group in the Project Tree View OR lt right click gt the Layer Parameters and click Edit The following dialog box will appear lada Lapeer aie Taia kgad mari ler SES OL ctl A A A E Lg NON ERA PER A ai Tick E sI AE MU AD Dorrit Arabes of Seabee Ey 10 10 10 rn ads el bd e E 10 PH 0 0 0 A 2H dl the Ls nira Pers tab om 245 9 49 24 rive perecbda dl bs aes pad Phase lepri F 7 10 Li al Albo of lgued phase deguadsboe cocfuoeat of the cure Toki haem Chg citi FL 1 0 if ro Loot sad phase deyen okn of he cares para Carbon Plate iD if to Pahoa res rebon contest ihe covet bee cor D CEC Fite 1 0 LE Lo ond Gabon cachar capac y in he cored ler c FAA A tos 1 0 ID LE Fis di Prundich porn ls ha Comes lai corre Cl Fite LD 1D Lo Ao ee a gel a ger Each column in this table specifies parameters for a specific layer The number of columns in this table is specified by the Number of Layers in the Case Settings parameter group The following layer parameters can be modified Layer Thickness Layer thickness Chapter 15 Input Specification Number of Sublayers Number of sublayers used to input initial c
281. ve been deleted since the last time you saved the project HELP Chapter 2 General Features Project Tree View Profile View Output View Results View Profile Properties Choose this icon to view the profile properties Run Model For Profile Choose this icon to run the HELP model for the active profile in the open project Print Preview Click this icon to preview and print the profile picture Organize your projects and profiles in the Project Tree View View the profile cross section in the profile view Output is organized into labeled information folders The Results View has three tabs Each tab presents the data in a different format Time The Time tab shows a plot of the selected output Depth The Depth tab shows a plot of the selected output vs the depth of the profile Table The Table tab shows a table of the selected output Starting a New Project Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface WHI UnSat Suite makes it easy for you to organize your activities into projects Projects are identified by a unique project name and are associated with e a problem and a model e an author or a person in charge of the project e aclient 17 e anda project location for the HELP model To create a new project From the File menu New Project OR gt amp on the toolbar The New Project dialog box will appear New Project Name New project Description Descripti
282. ve Project Set 245 05 IS TS SAA ARA ee ee 65 Open Local Project sels tac a Me ae id ai 65 Working over a Local Area Network o ooooooooooooo ene eens 65 Copying a Project From One Project Set to Another oooooooooooorroo oo 67 Repatrins the Project Nel os occa pate eee eee wean Cees hae he ae tl ede eee eee es 68 The HELP Model nicas 0 ia A A A A ate ar eek ee 71 ESO e otto rl IEA EAS ar alce aa 71 New Features of Visual HELP 2T coimas 72 New Features or Visual HELP 22 ayare os hte id a dde did oad ainsi eta ida aaa 12 Importing a Visual Help 1 1 model into Visual Help 2 2 oooooooooooo o 12 5 Designing the Landfill Profile sssssssssssossssssecssosoeseeee 75 Promes in Visual HELP soii adrede oid oe Garde Hae 75 SUDPIOMIES cda ee aria das darlas 77 2 Contents Cayena Rules ariadna ad ia Ss das 78 Promle Properies desidia 78 CASE CCU NOS ena dad ee eee etc ata A ames Bava hate meee eae ee 79 Editina Case Setas di tara rumors hashes iaa Sera 80 Y o AA date hoe Whe Dea Male dat oe aie ear eae Bahia a aie ge tena 80 Initial Wioistute SEMI AAA A A A et 81 Editing the Surtace Water Setas o 82 Editing Landfill Layers and Modifying the Profile o o oooooooooooooooomo 82 Layer Properties vetada saldran os Gl he aid Gol Ge aie s bee nade 83 Bditine Layer Properties 4 c24 0 osideun aetna iia 85 RESIZING LIS AS ee ees we a stilo wi LAE ee ene 87 a WAV Clear oe hp ae oe cea ee IN 89
283. vides a single layer into two layers The properties for either layers may be changed to reflect the new desired profile Merging Layers and Erasing Layer Boundaries A layer can be deleted by erasing its boundaries When you erase a layer boundary the layer that shares the boundary takes over the span of the area formerly occupied by the erased layer Therefore the overall depth of the profile does not change To erase layer boundaries 1 Move the mouse arrow between two layers The cursor symbol will change New Cursor Symbol rater a a a e o A Part 4 The VS2DT Model 205 2 lt right click gt 3 Click Merge Layers The Erase Boundary dialog box will appear Erase Boundary Select layer to erase f Guelph Sandy Loam 4 Select the option button for the layer you wish to erase 5 Click OK The remaining layer will span the area once occupied by the deleted layer E a reins nn one o PAI L Restoring a Layer To restore a layer lt Right click gt the layer s name in the Project Tree View 2 Click Restore 3 7 td 206 Chapter 11 Modifying the Profile Splitting a Layer You can split a layer into multiple sections and substitute material for each section And you can assign different values for each parameter To split a layer 1 lt right click gt on the layer in the Profile View 2 Layer Split A line will appear through the layer at the mouse pointer posi
284. view the results in cubic meters or cubic feet These units measure the water balance constituent as a volume of water in the part of the landfill represented by profile For the Annual Total you can also plot the results as a percentage of the total inflow of water Creating a Report To present results of your Visual HELP simulation to your clients use the UnSat Suite Report Generator 142 Chapter 7 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Fy To create a report and add the project input data to it click the icon from the Operational Icons toolbar The report will appear in a separate window 29 e oe Project HELP A Moder HELP da A eee Je partir e di E ar pees ro rar ee es f ee ae ge LE 1 Profle EPA promot T T Daye Fine Sandy Lonn 2 lala sft ae Ae By default the Report Generator lists all input data for your project In the Report window you may edit the report input your own text and add any type of graphics or table outputs produced by UnSat Suite Note The graphs and tables will be placed at insertion point To add a graph or table to the report 1 In the Report window place the cursor to the position you want your graph or table to appear in the report 2 Create a graph or table using one of the methods described above 3 lt right click gt in the Result View The following menu will appear Insert To Report Copy
285. vironment specifically designed for simulating one dimensional groundwater flow and contaminant transport through the unsaturated zone All five of these popular models are seamlessly integrated with the WHI UnSat Suite and each one is compiled and optimized to run as a 32 Bit native Windows application WHI UnSat Suite Models Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface HELP is a versatile U S EPA model for predicting landfill hydrologic processes and testing the effectiveness of landfill designs enabling the prediction of landfill design feasibility HELP has become a requirement for obtaining landfill operation permits in the U S A HELP is also effective in estimating of groundwater recharge rates PESTAN The PESTAN PESTticide ANalytical model uses an analytical solution to predict the transport of organic solutes through the unsaturated zone to the groundwater table The model is commonly used for initial screening assessments to evaluate the potential for groundwater contamination by pesticides used in agricultural applications However it is also quite useful for determining potential groundwater impacts from any organic solutes migrating through the unsaturated zone SESOIL is a popular US EPA model which is capable to simultaneously model water transport sediment transport and pollutant fate SESOIL is widely used by consultants and state regulatory agencies as a screening tool to assess contaminant fate and transport for regulatory require
286. vity between cells for all but a few cases the geometric mean provides the most accurate values and e Space Differencing e Time Differencing e Display or not display Profile Balance after Every Time Step These functions are pre set to the most appropriate values and do not have to be mandatory specified for every new projects However if numeric solution will be unstable and the output variables will oscillate correction of these functions is the only way to get a reliable result Editing the Solver Settings You can edit the solver settings in two ways Part 4 The VS2DT Model 181 Lait aa a AE 7 Chars ibaa bie bigear pores lf bjer ien A pees lo rie a E E irg mt la rel rr boi 1 rg Lloc mima los isa peor el rar e Ermm amie e ir reg AT Mero rain sl imban pe a p D misa pao o ierg a up satan DOS Cata ar loa lire Cg im ert eo LA l Mi ana Huts dl Pe Lie ar hamam kiai nba or ire dia la rada Dimples lasse l asy ee Ti ml A ads el do a RACE LA AN pe sl mo tom til List To edit the solver settings 1 lt right click gt on Solver Settings 2 Click Edit The Edit Parameters window will open or Solver Settings 3 Type in the new value for the appropriate characteristic in its text box or click your selection from the Value list box 4 Adjust the units in the Units list box 5 Click OK Note The Weighting Hydr Cond Space Differencing and Time Differenc
287. w Water from precipitation that does not infiltrate into the landfill and flows off at the surface Evaporation from the leaves and soil surface as well as transpiration by plants Water storage that can be extracted by evapotranspiration The evaporative zone depth is specified in the Weather Generator Total change in the amount of water stored in the profile Annual water budget balance Inflow water minus outflow water minus Soil water Snow water the change in water storage The amount of soil water at the end of the year The amount of snow water at the end of the year Lateral drainage from layer x The amount of water drained by pipe or slope drainage from the lateral drainage layer x 141 Percolation or leakage through layer x The amount of water percolated through the barrier soil liner x or through a geomembrane liner if it is not underlaid by a barrier soil liner Average head on top of layer x The mean head on top of a liner Deviation of head on top of layer x The standard deviation of the head on top of a liner Note For Daily and Monthly time scales the only available output units are millimeters metric system and inches customary system or other length units which you may set with your Units template These units measure the water balance constituent as a head per unit area of the landfill For the Annual Total and Accumulated Volumes you can also
288. w Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 1 You may add graphs for the other times to the Result Window 1 using the same method Chapter 14 Viewing Output and Reporting Balance Part 5 The VLEACH Model To see outputs for more than two variables you may open additional Result Windows and place results there To do this lt right click gt the name of the additional variable The following menu will appear Profile Results New Result Window Result Window 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 All the methods described for the Specified Time output viewing are applicable to the Specified Depth category The graphs of this category will present time changes of the variable occurred at a specific depth The output for specified depth is produced for all cells The list of cells will appear if you click the drop down arrow of the Select Specified Depth Result at box 0 50 ft cell 1 1 50 ft cell 2 2 50 ft cell 3 cell 5 5 50 ft cell E 6 50 ft cell 7 Select desired depth from this list open the list of available variables and select variables to view using the same tools which were described before for the Specified Time output category The VLEACH model allows you to compute the balance of the profile In UnSat Suite you may view the balance graphs and add them to a report Select Balance
289. w Aesult Window Result window 1 Choose New Result Window Results for the second variable will appear in the Result Window 2 All the methods described for the Specified Time output viewing are applicable to the Specified Depth category The graphs of this category will present time changes of the variable occurred at a specific depth Points of the profile depth are restricted to 100 nodes The list of all nodes will appear if you selected Specified Depth category in the Select Result Category drop down listbox and click the drop down arrow of the Select Specified Depth Result at box Select desired depth from this list open the list of available variables and select variables to view using the same tools which were described earlier for the Specified Time output category Chapter 9 Viewing Output and Reporting Observation Point To view the graph of the pesticide concentration at observation point select Observation Point from the Select Result Category drop down listbox wy Click the icon to the right of the Select Specified Time Result at box to fe add the output to the Output Tree Select the check box beside the variables name and view the results E fo ao lem ten t Balance The PESTAN model allows you to compute the balance of the profile In UnSat suite you may view the balance graphs and add them to a report Select Balance in the Select Result Category drop down li
290. with the Annual INPUT type of table within the SESOIL Interface Note Beside CLIMATE the Annual INPUT type of table is used for Washload Schedule and Contaminant Load Schedule parameter groups 260 Chapter 15 Input Specification Part 6 The SESOIL Model Working with the Annual INPUT table within the SESOIL Interface By default the Annual INPUT table opens with a one year set of climate parameters for Buffalo NY To input data manually select the appropriate cell of the table and type the new value You may change parameter units at any time for the appropriate parameter OK after you have completed editing year 1 The Annual INPUT table will be saved If you run the SESOIL model the same annual set of climate data will be used for the number of years specified by parameter Simulation Length from the Case Settings parameter group If you want to enter data for more than one year you may use the Add function which allows you to duplicate complete annual data sets To duplicate a single annual set 1 in the left field beside any parameter in the desired annual data set The entire annual set will be highlighted 2 in the text box beside the Add button and enter the number of copies 3 Add button The requested number of annual data sets will appear appended to the bottom of the table To duplicate several annual sets You may duplicate only sequential annual sets 1 in the left field beside any pa
291. ximum time 180 set time 144 start 32 site 20 slope 90 snow 75 99 snowmelt 99 software requirements 11 Soil Erodibility Factor 266 soil hydraulics 178 soil hydrologic parameters 210 soil liners 77 83 Soil Loss Ratio 266 soil parameters 32 soil properties 157 238 276 solar radiation 20 99 114 solver settings 181 sorption constant 149 158 South America 104 space differencing 181 specific storage 211 specified time 164 242 291 294 split layer 47 94 207 start at bottom 195 start new project 17 start simulation 32 start UnSat Suite 12 start weather generator 101 status indicator 39 step length 195 stress period defaults 192 stress periods 225 sublayers 255 substitute contaminant 234 273 substitute layer 156 237 275 substitute material 210 subsurface inflow 84 surface resistance 186 surface runoff 99 surface storage 99 surface water initial 82 settings 82 symmetric 195 synthetic weather data 103 system requirements 11 table view 55 168 223 246 Tables 139 temperature 114 template units 23 terms 13 text search 104 time output 193 simulation 144 time dependent groups 150 Time Dependent Parameter Group 42 time differencing 181 time steps maximum 181 multiplier 192 output 232 simulation 232 top elevation 29 training 8 transmissivity 85 transpiration 99 transport boundaries 190 transport equation closure 181 transport parameters 212 transport simulation 176 tree view 37 two parameter Gamma
292. y Sand layer Chapter 3 Common Tools Resizing the Layer To resize a layer 1 Move the mouse arrow between two layers The cursor symbol will change New Cursor Symbol Patera arora strata stata star A n anana Earann tate E fe as he es Serene AAA AS reat Searhces a ae 2 Click and drag the boundary to its new location 3 Either accept the new elevation or type the correct elevation in the Confirm Value dialog box 4 Click OK Working with Multiple Profiles To perform multi variant simulations UnSat Suite allows you to work with multiple profiles within a project To get a new profile in a project you may either open a default profile or copy one of already existing To open a default profile click the Create New Profile icon in the ik Operational toolbar Part 1 UnSat Suite Interface 49 To copy an existing profile lt right click gt the profile name The following menu will appear Drita Pioperied Save As Templis Click Copy A copy of the profile will appear in the Project Tree View and the picture of the new profile will replace the picture of the original profile in the Profile View Now you may modify the newly added profile Running the Model To run the model for a single profile click the profile icon above the gt Profile View To run the model for multiple profiles or for one profile if it 1s single in gt the project click the same icon i
293. yer 10 and volatilization to the atmosphere this refers to Layer 1 Sublayer 1 the sign to the left of Layer 4 Ten sublayers will appear in the tree the sign to the left of Sublayer 10 Available variables for this sublayer will appear in the tree j Sesa Model O gal 3 21 00 245 56 PM pected Tine Cancentaton RS Speciied Depth Monthy Dupa E Specified Depth Anra Summary Ba Macs Dictation COOCDOOGBDOOES S O B Told Dihi usp O m Deeded m Moirhas DO Deeded in Adeeb Phan O a Hadai n Moshat O E Haia n ekabed Phs O a Teta To Grir the check box beside Total To Groundwater The graph will appear in the Result view window sign to the left of Layer 1 286 Chapter 16 Running the Model Viewing Output and Reporting Part 6 The SESOIL Model e P sign to the left of Sub layer 1 available variables will appear 1n the tree es the check boxes beside Total Volatilized The second graph will appear in the Result view window To highlight the most important points at your graphs move your mouse over the graph place it on the peak values for each data set a bubble sign will appear and click Values of the variable and the argument will appear in the bubble Your graph should appear resembling the figure below Result Tere Depth Tabi 1 0811 r ZJE PD E 7 E y Pollutant Concentration the arrow in the Select Specified Dep
294. ygon The initial contaminant concentration may vary from cell to cell The total mass of contaminant within each cell is partitioned among three phases liquid dissolved in water vapor and sorbed to solid surfaces For simulation purposes the total simulation time is divided into user specified discrete time steps of constant length During each time step there are three separate processes that take place The contaminant in the liquid phase is subject to downward advection and the contaminant in the vapor phase is subject to gas diffusion Finally each cell is re equilibrated according to the distribution coefficients Gas diffusion can take place at the top and bottom boundaries The mass flux in the liquid phase running across the bottom boundary is calculated The model assume a steady state downward water flow The processes of in situ degradation or production and dispersion are neglected Assumptions incorporated in VLEACH do not allow it to simulate such sophisticated cases as VS2DT does However this model proved to be a very efficient tool for estimates of environmental impacts of industrial sources of groundwater contamination such as leaking from underground fuel tanks or spills from the pipelines The ability of the model to account for volatilization and air diffusion of the volatile organic contaminants makes it a unique tool which only can be applied in many practical cases This model has also a lot of advantages to be used

User`s Manual for WHI UnSat Suite (includes Visual HELP)

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