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SGI® Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator`s Guide

1. RAID NAS Switch Clients initiators iSCSI storage server Data flow a Workstation target ss cone Data flow orkstation target __ __ _ CsCODatta flow B Workstation Data flow Exchange server Figure 3 3 iSCSI Storage You can use SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS to create iSCSI targets on the RAID storage An iSCSI initiator will be able to connect to the system and access those targets format them and use the targets as it would use a disk drive You cannot configure SMC IS itself as an initiator and you cannot re export iSCSI targets with NFS or CIFS In addition you cannot export existing filesystems that you have created with SMC IS as iSCSI targets you can create filesystems and configure them to be exported by NFS or CIFS but you must configure iSCSI targets separately on the RAID device SMC IS supports the iscsitarget and tgt packages in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server SLES 11 for creating targets They are mutually exclusive installing tgt removes iscsitarget 29 3 Server Configuration and Management Creating iSCSI Targets 30 Note Due to the nature of iSCSI as a block level protocol as distinct from file level protocols such as NFS and CIPS particular care must be taken in the event of a system crash power failure or extended network outage See Power Outage and iSCSI on page 72 This section discusses the following
2. netgroups You can use the EXCEPT keyword to limit a wildcard list For example to allow all IP address in 150 203 except one address 150 203 6 66 you would specify the following 150 203 EXCEPT 150 203 6 66 To allow hosts that match the network subnet mask of 150 203 15 0 255 255 255 0 you would specify the following 50 203 15 0 255 255 255 0 To allow two hosts hostA and hostB specify the following hostA hostB Note Access still requires suitable user level passwords The localhost address 127 0 0 1 will always be allowed After specifying the configuration parameters select Apply changes SNMP Configuration 44 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS lets you configure basic SNMP monitoring support on your storage server In order to query the SNMP service and receive SNMP traps you will require an external management station with appropriately configured monitoring software To configure the SNMP service select the following Management gt Services gt SNMP The SNMP screen lets you configure the following parameters Enable SNMP Enables or disables the SNMP service 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 Allow SNMP access from Trap destination Community string System name System location System contact System description Specifies the IP address of the Network Monitoring Sta
3. 4 Home WBookmarks g mozilla org g mozillaZine gmozdev org c SGl Monitoring f Copyright 2009 2010 Silicon Graphics International Corp All Rights Reserved v1 2 sasoe OOOO O O OOO I O le SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage sgiserver Management Site Map System alerts and messages List of storage device failures How much data is currently stored Per user limits on data storage Per group limits on data storage Amount of data flowing to and from the disks Number of I O operations to and from the disks How much the processors are being used Amount of data flowing to and from the network cards Show inventory of installed hardware UNIX and Linux file sharing Windows file and print sharing Show versions of installed software Top clients by aggregate throughput Top clients by read throughput Top clients by write throughput Top clients by I O operations per second List of all NFS amp CIFS clients List of iSCSI clients Figure 4 1 Monitoring Screen 56 sgiserver engr sgi com 20 11 Search ae E 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Metrics Collected 007 5652 003 The information provided by SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS can be roughly broken down into who and how much SMC IS continuously gathers performance metrics and stores them in archives in var lib pcp storage archives Each month
4. Creating iSCSI Targets on page 30 The iSCSI Initiator on page 33 Miscellaneous iSCSI Management on page 34 Perform the following steps to create an iSCSI target 1 Select the Create Target option Management gt Resources gt Storage gt iSCSI gt Create Target The Target Name screen lets you specify the target information Enter the domain and optional identifier for the iSCSI name and the LUNs for the target in the following fields Domain Specifies an iSCSI qualified name which is a unique name that starts with iqn then a year and month then an internet domain name in reverse order A default name appears based on the current system configuration If in doubt leave this field as is Identifier Specifies a string that will be used to uniquely identify the target If you create only one target this is optional If you create more than one target each must have a unique identifier By default a unique target identifier is provided for you 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide LUNs Specifies logical units LUNs to be used for the target Enter the path to a block device to add to the list Applicable block devices and logical volumes will be listed in pulldown menus if they are available Use the buttons on the right to reorder or remove entries in the list Click Next 3 The Target Options screen defines access to the target You must specify at leas
5. 4 Performance Monitoring Eile Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Window Help er 5 Back 7 Forward Reload Stop sgi https sgiserver engr sgi com 1 178 index php Search Bante GhHome wBookmarks g mozilla org 2 mozillaZine gmozdev org c SGl SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage sgiserver Summary Monitoring Management Site Map Log in gt Summary There are 63 unacknowledged Alerts oz CPU 0 0 GiB 27 9 GiB Disk Space 0 00 MiB s Disk Throughput 0 00 MiB s Network Throughput 8 41 GiB 19 5 GiB 0 18 MiB s E 0 0539 MiB s W 0 121 MiB s 2 20 MiB s E 1 60 MiB s W 0 520 MiB s There are currently 1 NFS clients 1 CIFS clients Uptime 6 days 23 22 3 users load average 5 03 3 33 1 88 E Used MRead Send Throughput Last Hour Average of Aggregate Free Mi Write Receive Throughput Last Day Average of Aggregate Figure 4 3 Summary Screen In Figure 4 3 the bar graph for Disk Throughput shows 0 0539 MiB s of data read sent the blue part of the graph and 0 121 MiB s of data written received the red part of the graph If you were sending and receiving data at the same rate there 60 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Alerts would be equal amounts of red and blue in the graph For more information see Figure 4 2 on page 58 The Alerts screen displays messages from the system logs These provide inform
6. Number of SMB operations falling into each service time band The Versions screen displays the version numbers of key software packages that have been installed A NAS client is a computer running a program that accesses the storage server NAS clients are known to SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS by their IP address if multiple accessing programs are running on the same computer they are all counted as a single client Note Detailed client information is gathered only for CIFS and NFS protocols The All Clients screen will not be available if neither SGI Samba nor SGI Enhanced NFS are installed 69 4 Performance Monitoring 70 The All Clients screen displays the NAS clients sorted according to hostname The other selections sort according to the chosen selection such as by aggregate throughput From each of these screens you can change the sorted display of the data without returning to the Monitoring screen Displaying the NAS clients in this fashion is useful for pinpointing how the current set of clients are contributing the workload profile For example upon noticing an unusually large amount of network traffic on the Network Throughput screen changing to display the clients in order of aggregate throughput will quickly identify the contributing clients From the list of clients you can display a detailed view of the NFS and CIFS traffic generated by a particular client This is useful
7. Operations by Type Read Block Sizes Write Block Sizes Description Current incoming and outgoing traffic for the export share the NFS service Throughput graph includes all types of operations whereas the CIFS graph only shows actual data transfer Export share operations by class Reads by size Writes by size Table 4 3 Additional Information Reported by the NFS Screen Category IOPS Service Times Description I O per second for TCP and for UDP Number of operations falling into each service time band as tracked by the NFS server for each operation 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 Table 4 4 NFS Operation Classes Class access commit fsinfo getattr inode_mods lockd lockd_granted lockd_share lookup read readdir readdirplus remove setattr write_async write_sync xattr Description File accessibility tests checks whether a client can open a particular file Commit request requests that the server flush asynchronously written data to stable storage Filesystem statistics and information requests pathconf calls and service availability tests File attribute retrieval operations New file or directory creation hard and symbolic link creation file renaming and device file creation operations General lock operations not covered by other classes Number of lock granting operations Number of export share reservation opera
8. a data reduction process is performed on the metric gathered for the month This reduces the size of the archives while retaining a consistent amount of information Although the size of metric archives has a bounded maximum this can still be quite large depending on the configuration of the server and how many clients access it For example a server with a large number of filesystems could generate up to 100 Mbytes of archives per day You should initially allow around 2 Gbytes of space for archive storage and monitor the actual usage for the first few weeks of operation Note SMC IS uses the International Electrotechnical Commission s International Standard names and symbols for binary multiples of units In particular this means that 1 MiB s is 27 1048576 Bytes per second For more information on this standard see the National Institute of Standards amp Technology information about prefixes for binary multiples at http physics nist gov cuu Units binary html SMC IS distinguishes between current and historic time Current metrics are either drawn live from the server or are taken from the last few minutes of the metric archives Historic metrics are taken exclusively from the metric archives SMC IS displays this historical information for three time periods e Last hour e Last day the previous 24 hours e Last month the previous 30 days Within bar graphs SMC IS uses color coding to display the direction of data
9. on page 61 e Services on page 65 e Clients on page 69 Monitoring Overview 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS provides current and historical views of the state and the performance of a storage server This includes CPU usage disk and network throughput and many other metrics It also allows you to view connected clients and determine how each of these contribute to the current workload Note The monitoring capability is provided by the pcp storage package which in turn relies on several optional packages that provide specific metrics pcp pmda infiniband pmdanfs and sgi samba pmda If any of the packages are installed after pcp storage you must do the following 1 Change cd to the appropriate directory under var lib pcp pmdas and run the Install script 2 Run usr lib pcp storage setup pcp storage Figure 4 1 shows the top level Monitoring screen 55 4 Performance Monitoring File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Window Help 3 amp Back Forward Reload Stop sgi https sgiserver engr sgi com 1178 monitoring php Summary gt Monitoring Alerts Storage Device Failures Resources Disk Space Disk User Quota Disk Group Quota Disk Throughput Disk lOPS CPU Utilization Network Throughput Hardware Inventory Services NFS CIFS Versions Clients By Aggregate Throughput By Read Throughput By Write Throughput By IOPS All Clients iSCSI
10. Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Disk Throughput and Disk IOPS CPU Utilization 007 5652 003 Disk operations occur when the result of a file operation is committed to disk The most common types of disk operation are data reads and writes but in some types of workload metadata operations can be significant Metadata operations include the following e Truncating and removing files e Looking up filenames e Determining the size and types of files Disk operations are measured in I O per second IOPS Disk throughput is the amount of data that is transferred to and from the disks This is predominantly the result of reading and writing data The Disk Throughput and Disk IOPS screens display a bar graph for each active filesystem For RAID filesystems a separate graph is displayed for each volume element If the cache hit rate is low and the network throughput is high the disk throughput should be high Usually the disk throughput would be steady somewhere a little under the maximum bandwidth of the disk subsystem If the disk throughput is consistently too high relative to the network throughput this might indicate that the server has too little memory for the workload Under heavy loads a storage server must be able to sustain a high rate of disk operations You can use the disk operations metrics in conjunction with other metrics to determine the characteristics of a workload so that you can tune the serv
11. Configuration System Name 46 The following sections describe the following aspects of system administration that you can perform with SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS e System Name on page 46 e Name Service Client on page 47 e DNS and Hostnames on page 51 e Time and Date on page 52 e Licenses on page 53 e Administrator Password on page 53 Use the System Name screen to set the following system components System name Specifies the fully qualified domain name FQDN for this storage server The default system name is sgiserver Note After changing the system name the various SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS screens will still display the old hostname SGI recommends that you reboot the system to complete the name change Workgroup Specifies the NetBIOS workgroup to which the machine should belong The default is WORKGROUP If you are not using CIFS you can ignore this setting Default network Specifies the IP address of the router that this system gateway should use to communicate with machines that are outside of its subnet Management IP Specifies the IP address of the management interface address Subnet mask Specifies the subnet mask of the management interface 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Name Service Client Local Files Only Active Directory 007 5652 003 Use DHCP Specifies whether or not
12. a Samba schema to the LDAP database These schemas specify how the user and group data is organized in the database The database must be organized using these particular schemas so that the CIFS authentication mechanism is able to extract the data it needs For a description of how to add the Samba schema to a Fedora Directory Server see http directory fedora redhat com wiki Howto Samba For a description of how to add the samba schema to an OpenLDAP Server see http www samba org samba docs man Samba HOWTO Collection passdb html id327194 50 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide The following website provides another description of an OpenLDAP configuration http www unav es cti ldap smb ldap smb 3 howto htm1 NIS DNS and Hostnames 007 5652 003 For other LDAP servers such as the Sun Directory Server Novell s eDirectory and IBM s Tivoli Directory Server the above information may be useful however please refer to the relevant documentation for your server product for more information Network information service NIS is a network lookup service that provides a centralized database of information about the network to systems participating in the service The NIS database is fully replicated on selected systems and can be queried by participating systems on an as needed basis Maintenance of the database is performed on a central system Note NIS cannot be us
13. and subnet mask Specifies the local and remote IP address for a dedicated network connection between the storage server and another host for example a dedicated VLAN network or single point to point network cable A dedicated network interface is an interface that has been configured to use a point to point connection with a single remote host All network traffic to and from that server will go via the local dedicated network interface and no other traffic will appear on that interface Dedicated network interfaces can be useful when there may be a large amount of network traffic to a specific host and you wish to prevent interference with other network traffic to other hosts 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Note Dedicated interfaces are an advanced option that may require configuration changes to the network infrastructure and the remote host You should only use dedicated interfaces if they are specifically required Bonded Network Interfaces A bonded interface is a virtual network interface that consists of real interfaces working in tandem You use bonded interfaces on NAS systems to increase bandwidth to NFS and CIFS clients A virtual interface can provide the aggregated bandwidth of all of the interfaces that you used to create it Note Any single client can achieve the bandwidth of only a single interface at a time A bonded interface increases the aggregate
14. bandwidth for multiple clients For example if you have three interfaces each with a bandwidth of 10 the aggregate bandwidth is 30 For an individual client however the maximum bandwidth remains 10 When additional clients access the bonded interface the clients are assigned to the subinterfaces and up to three clients can use a bandwidth of 10 at the same time Thus multiple clients accessing the system increase the aggregate bandwidth improving the performance to a maximum bandwidth of 30 For example Figure 3 2 shows a configuration in which all clients connect to a single IP address 192 168 0 3 The switch is responsible for sharing the load across four bonded interfaces ethl eth4 Therefore four times as many clients can communicate with the same server without a loss in overall performance 007 5652 003 23 3 Server Configuration and Management 24 NAS Interfaces Switch Clients server 192 168 0 3 Management interface 192 168 0 10 ethO 192 168 1 2 E eth1 eth2 192 168 0 3 192 168 0 11 eth3 eth4 bondo 192 168 0 3 192 168 0 3 192 168 0 12 Figure 3 2 Bonded Network Interfaces Output load balancing controls how the server chooses which subinterface will send replies Input load balancing controls how clients are assigned to subinterfaces and how and when clients are moved from one subinterface to another Load balancing happens on a per packet basis When a clien
15. page 61 e Services groups a list of services provided by the storage server Select a service such as NFS to display its status You can also display the current versions of installed software See Services on page 65 e Clients displays various I O criteria by which to display information about the storage server s clients See Clients on page 69 Management Lets you perform tasks in the following categories e Resources groups a list of system resources that you can configure Select a resource such as Network Interfaces See Network Interface Configuration on page 19 Storage Configuration on page 27 User and Group Configuration on page 35 4 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Site Map Help Log In Log Out 007 5652 003 e Services groups a list of services that you can configure using SMC IS See NFS Configuration on page 38 CIFS Configuration on page 42 SNMP Configuration on page 44 e Global Configuration groups a list of options for various general system administration tasks See Global Configuration on page 46 e Operations lets you save and restore the system configuration files that you create with SMC IS gather support and performance data and shut down or reboot the system See Operations on page 53 Displays an index of direct links to each screen that SMC IS displays Displays this guide the release no
16. site configuration parameters to new or requesting client systems By using DHCP a site with only a few available addresses can serve a large number of hosts that connect to the network only occasionally or a large site can manage the permanent assignment of addresses with a minimum of administrative attention The NAS server can be configured as a DHCP client directory service See name service disk IOPS Disk I O per second disk throughput The amount of data that is transferred to and from disks distinguished name A unique identifier for an entry in an LDAP directory tree structure DNS Domain name system FC Fibre Channel storage interface connection FQDN Fully qualified domain name historic metric Metric taken exclusively from the metric archives 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 idle time Time that remained when the CPU could not find any tasks to run initiator The client accessing the storage in an iSCSI network interrupt time Time the CPU spent processing requests from I O devices In a storage server context these are almost exclusively generated by disk operations or network packets and by switching between processes IOPS I O per second IPMI Intelligent Platform Management Interface a system reset method IPoIB IP over InfiniBand iSCSI Internet Small Computers Systems Interface is a protocol that is
17. to use dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP You can also use the Network Interfaces screen for eth0 to configure or modify the management interface For information on these options see Ethernet Network Interfaces on page 20 The Name Service Client screen lets you specify a name service or directory service for the system A name service is the application that manages the information associated with the network users For example it maps user names with user IDs and group names with group IDs It allows for centralized administration of these management tasks You can specify whether you are using local files if you have no sitewide protocol and names and IDs are kept locally on server Active Directory services lightweight directory access protocol LDAP or the sitewide network information service NIS Note When specifying servers on the Name Service Client screen you must use IP addresses rather than hostnames because the system may require a name service client to determine the IP address from the hostname The Local Files Only selection specifies that an external name server will not be used All user and group name to ID mapping will be done using local users and groups See Local Users and Groups on page 35 Active Directory is a directory service that implements LDAP in a Windows environment It provides a hierarchical structure for organizing access to data CIFS authentication will automatically use t
18. used to transport SCSI commands across a TCP IP network This allows a system to access storage across a network just as if the system were accessing a local physical disk In an iSCSI network the client access the storage is called the initiator The remote storage that the client accesses is called the target LDAP Lightweight directory access protocol LDAP is a networking protocol that organizes access to data in a directory tree structure KDC Key distribution center 79 Glossary 80 metadata Information that describes a file such as the file s name size location and permissions name service Application that manages the information associated with network users NAS client Computer running a program that accesses the storage server NFS Network file system NIC Network interface card NIS Network information service NIS is a network lookup service that provides a centralized database of information about the network to systems participating in the service NTP Network Time Protocol physical volume element The combination of multiple RAID disk drives into a single logical unit RAID Redundant array of independent disks RAID 5 A level of RAID that uses block level striping and distributed parity 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 resource Something that is monitored and managed by SGI Management Center for In
19. using NTP time synchronization Licenses The Licenses screen provides information required to request licenses and a text box in which you can type in or paste permanent licenses obtained from SGI Administrator Password The Administrator Password screen changes the SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS administration password which is the password required to perform server configuration and management This password is not required to view the monitoring screens Operations The following sections describe other operations you can perform with SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS Save Restore Configuration on page 53 Support Data on page 54 Performance Data on page 54 Shutdown on page 54 Save Restore Configuration The Save Restore Configuration screen screen lets you save the current SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS configuration or restore a previously saved version The configuration information saved includes how the interfaces are 007 5652 003 53 3 Server Configuration and Management A Support Data Performance Data Shutdown 54 configured and what filesystems should be mounted You may find this useful if you have made an error in the present configuration and you wish to return to a previously configured state Caution This procedure does not provide a system backup and specifically does not save or restore user data it provides a snap
20. when trying to diagnose problems that affect only a single client or type of client For example by viewing the client detail it may be obvious that throughput is limited by the client using very small read and write sizes Continuing from the client details to the client history screen can help diagnose problems such as hung NFS mounts The iSCSI screen displays a list of the connected iSCSI initiators are connected and their targets 007 5652 003 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting This section discusses the following Forgotten Password or Corrupt Password File on page 71 The archives Directory is Too Large on page 72 Power Outage and iSCSI on page 72 Manual System Reboot on page 73 Network Configuration Issues on page 73 Reporting Problems to SGI on page 74 Forgotten Password or Corrupt Password File If you forget the administrator password or if the Alerts Page reports that the etc ssmc passwd file is corrupt preventing administrator login run the following to set a new password of your choice NEWPASSWORD echo ssmc_admin echo n NEWPASSWORD md5sum cut d f1 gt etc ssmc passwd 007 5652 003 71 5 Troubleshooting The archives Directory is Too Large SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS stores historical information in the directory var lib pcp storage archives On a large machine this directory may require too much disk space to fit in the or var filesyste
21. 000 are considered restricted and are not imported or replaced If you use a shadow file which is a file that is protected from all access by non root users and stores the encrypted passwords then you can use the Import Users screen to import this file as well as the password file itself SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS will create new filesystems with both user and group quotas enabled by default This section discusses the following e User Quotas on page 36 e Group Quotas on page 37 You can use the following screen to specify the user for whom you want to modify quotas Management gt Resources gt Users amp Groups gt User Quotas Enter the name of the user and click Submit To modify the default for user quotas leave the field blank The following screen displays the current amount of disk space that can be used disk limits in KiB and the number of files that can be owned file limits e The soft limit is the number of 1 KiB blocks or the number of files that the user is expected to remain below If a user hits the soft limit a grace period of 7 days will begin If the user still exceeds the soft limit after the grace period expires the user will not be able to write to that filesystem until he or she removes files in order to reduce usage 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Group Quotas 007 5652 003 e The hard limit is the number of
22. 1 KiB blocks or the number of files that the user cannot exceed If a user s usage reaches the hard limit he or she will be immediately unable to write any more data Note The administrator can set quotas for the root user However instead of enforcing these quotas against the root user specifically they will apply to all users that do not have their own quotas set In other words setting quotas for the root user will set the default quotas for all normal users and groups The actual root user is exempt from quota limits You can use the following screen to specify the group for which you want to modify quotas Management gt Resources gt Users amp Groups gt Group Quotas Enter the name of the group and click Submit To modify the default for group quotas leave the field blank The following screen displays the current amount of disk space that can be used disk limits in KiB and the number of files that can be owned file limits e The soft limit is the number of 1 KiB blocks or the number of files that the group is expected to remain below If any user in that group hits the soft limit a grace period of 7 days will begin If the user still exceeds the soft limit after the grace period expires the user will not be able to write to that filesystem until he or she removes files in order to reduce usage e The hard limit is the number of 1 KiB blocks or the number of files that the group cannot exceed If the usag
23. 2003 R2 In order for this to function correctly The Active Directory domain controller must be running Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 The Identity Management for UNIX service must be installed on the domain controller You must use the UNIX Attributes tab in Active Directory user management to set up UIDs and GIDs for all users requiring access to this system 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide e Microsoft Windows Services For UNIX In order for this to function correctly Microsoft Windows Services for UNIX must be installed on the Active Directory domain controller You must use the UNIX Attributes tab in Active Directory user management to set up UIDs and GIDs for all users requiring access to this system e Automatic assignment based on Windows SID In this mode UIDs and GIDs are automatically based on the Windows SID and are set to be in the range 16777216 through 33554431 Note This method can only be used within a single Active Directory domain and is incompatible with trusted domains e Automatic assignment in range 10000 20000 In this mode UIDs and GIDs in the range 10000 through 20000 will be automatically assigned to Active Directory users on a first come first served basis Note The default is Automatic assignment based on Windows SID For best interoperability SGI recommends that you choose either RFC 2307 Microsoft Windows Ser
24. 4 target 28 targets 28 30 iSCSI and power outage 72 iSCSI Initiator program 32 JavaScript 8 K KDC 39 Kerberos 39 Kerberos aware clients 40 Kerberos with Integrity support aware clients 41 007 5652 003 key distribution center 39 keytab 39 krb5 and krb5i 40 Layer 2 MAC address 26 Layer 3 IP header 26 LDAP 15 35 LDAP lightweight directory access protocol 50 Licenses screen Global Configuration 53 load average 59 load balancing 24 26 local subnet NFS access 40 local users and groups 15 35 lockd operation 67 lockd_granted operation 67 lockd_share operation 67 Log In menu selection 5 Log Out menu selection 5 lookup operation 67 LSI MegaRAID 27 61 M MAC address header 26 mail store and iSCSI 28 main menu 4 management interface 11 19 Management menu selection 4 management password 11 menu path 2 metadata operations 63 metrics CPU 64 type collected 57 MiB vs MB 57 misc operation 69 Modify option 20 22 85 Index modify the installation 15 Monitoring menu selection 4 monitoring performance 55 monitoring screen example 56 move operation 69 mutual CHAP authentication 32 N name service client 47 nameserver 13 52 netmask 12 network configuration issues 73 network gateway 12 Network Information Service NIS 51 network interface bonded 23 InfiniBand 22 management 19 standalone 20 network interface conf
25. All configured network interfaces should be on different subnets Click Apply Changes to create the bond 26 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Storage Configuration This section discusses the following e Device Failure Notification on page 27 e Listing Filesystems on page 28 e iSCSI on page 28 These features are available under the following menu selection Management gt Resources gt Storage Device Failure Notification To configure notification of failed devices use the Failure Notification option Management gt Resources gt Storage gt Devices gt Failure Notification For each available platform enter the interval at which to scan for for device failures 0 59 minutes 0 to disable enter one or more email addresses to send notifications to and check the SNMP trap box to enable that as desired Each SNMP trap is sent using the SGI SSMC SMI devstatDriveFailure object identifier To allow the SNMP monitoring application to fully parse the object see the procedure in SNMP Configuration on page 44 For the LSI MegaRAID platform any drive whose state is Failed Unconfigured Bad or Offline is deemed to have failed 007 5652 003 27 3 Server Configuration and Management Listing Filesystems iSCSI 28 To display a brief description of the available local filesystems use the List option Management gt Resources gt Storage gt Files
26. CIFS Screen 007 5652 003 64 66 66 67 68 69 xiii About This Guide This manual describes the operation of SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS It discusses the following Chapter 1 Overview on page 1 describes the tasks you can accomplish with SMC IS and introduces the interface Chapter 2 Initial System Setup on page 7 describes how to use the Setup Wizard to perform your initial system configuration Chapter 3 Server Configuration and Management on page 17 describes how to configure the various components of your system and perform general system administration Chapter 4 Performance Monitoring on page 55 describes the current and historical views of the state and the performance of a storage server Chapter 5 Troubleshooting on page 71 discusses problems that you might encounter and how to resolve them Appendix A Reinstalling After the Network is Configured on page 75 describes the procedure to reinstall SMC IS after the network is configured In addition this document includes a glossary of terms 007 5652 003 XV About This Guide Related Publications For information about this release see the SGI InfiniteStorage Software Platform ISSP release notes README txt Note The external websites referred to in this guide were correct at the time of publication but are subject to change Obtaining Publications You can obtain SGI documentat
27. CSI target 2 Open My Computer 3 Right click the iSCSI target drive and select Properties 4 In the Properties window select the Tools tab and click the Check Now button 5 In the Check Disk window select both Automatically fix file system errors and Scan for and attempt recovery of bad sectors 6 Click Start to verify the filesystem and attempt recovery of any errors Manual System Reboot If you must reboot the system but SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS is inaccessible do the following 1 Log in via the system console as root such as via the L2 on an SGI ia64 system or via IPMI or a monitor keyboard on an SGI x86_64 system 2 Reboot the system reboot Network Configuration Issues If the network configuration is damaged or if the system running SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS becomes inaccessible via the network do the following 1 Log in via the system console as root such as via the L2 on an SGI ia64 system or via IPMI or a monitor keyboard on an SGI x86_64 system 2 Reconfigure the management interface eth0 by using the following commands as appropriate for your site e Static IP address usr lib ssmc ssmc cli c network if enable static eth0 IPaddress 255 255 255 0 007 5652 003 73 5 Troubleshooting usr 1ib ssmc ssmc cli usr 1ib ssmc ssmc cli usr 1ib ssmc ssmc cli 4 For example for a static IP address of 192 168 9 9 c ne
28. NFSv4 NFS serving domain Specifies the serving domain If NFSv4 is enabled the mapping of user group IDs between the client and server requires both to belong to the same NFS serving domain Enable Kerberos Specifies whether Kerberos is enabled checked or not Enabling Kerberos forces encrypted authentication between the NFS client and server Furthermore the NFS exported filesystems will only be accessible to a Kerberos enabled client via NFSv4 The following fields are only relevant if you have enabled Kerberos 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Export Options 007 5652 003 Realm Domain KDC Admin Server Keep Existing Keytab Update Keytab Principal Password Upload Keytab Verify Keytab Note SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS supports Kerberos 5 You must use a mechanism to synchronize the time between all systems Specifies the Kerberos realm in which the NFSv4 server operates Specifies the DNS domain name that corresponds to the realm Specifies the key distribution center KDC In most cases the KDC will be the same system as the Kerberos admin server However if the admin server in your Kerberos environment is not used for granting tickets then set the KDC to the system that grants tickets Specifies the server containing the master copy of the realm database Select this radio button to keep the existing keytab with
29. Startup Wizard has been applied After the software setup phase has completed SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS will require a restart If you need to modify the custom installation for example to add name services or reconfigure the preinstalled filesystem you will be able to do so after restarting the system Click Next to restart the system and display the System Restart screen 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide System Restart The System Restart screen displays as the system is restarting and indicates the SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS license entitlements and the browser address from which to access SMC IS Point your browser to the following address https YOUR_SERVER 1178 As the system is restarting you should remove the cross over cable and connect the management interface into the local network Note After you complete the initial hardware setup and reboot the system you can customize the installation as described in Customizing Your Installation on page 15 Customizing Your Installation 007 5652 003 After completing your system setup and restarting your system you may need to modify or complete your system installation through configuration procedures that you perform directly with SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS The following aspects of system configuration require that you use SMC IS to custom
30. address for the system leave this box unchecked to use static IP addressing Specifies the IP address for the system if you are not using DHCP Specifies the subnet mask to use for the system if you are not using DHCP Specifies the default network gateway which is the IP address of the router that this system should use to communicate with machines that are outside of its subnet See System Name on page 46 You can leave this field blank if either of the following is true e The default gateway is supplied by a DHCP server e All the machines that need to access the system are in the same subnet Click Next to display the DNS screen 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide DNS 007 5652 003 If you do not have a domain name system DNS server and use only an etc hosts file you can leave the fields on this screen blank and use SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS to modify or import a host file You can do this after you have completed the initial system setup and restarted the system as described in Customizing Your Installation on page 15 For information on etc hosts files see DNS and Hostnames on page 51 Configure the following fields Domain search Specifies the domain name or names that the DNS servers will use to resolve partial name queries If you have multiple domains list them in the order you want to use for lookup This is important in cases
31. ative messages notifications of unusual events and error conditions Only unacknowledged alerts are displayed unless you click Show Acknowledged You must log in in order to acknowledge alerts After a period of time alerts are archived and will not be redisplayed Acknowledged alerts are archived after 2 days and unacknowledged alerts are archived after 7 days The var lib ssmc alerts archive file contains all the archived alert messages Storage Device Failures Resources 007 5652 003 The Storage Device Failures screen displays details of any failed devices You can choose to view the data in the default table format or switch to a tree hierarchical listing For the LSI MegaRAID platform the information includes adapter firmware version and device location within its enclosure SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS contains a separate screen to display the utilization of each resource The following sections provide details about the resources e Disk Space on page 62 e Disk User Quota and Disk Group Quota on page 62 e Disk Throughput and Disk IOPS on page 63 e CPU Utilization on page 63 e Network Throughput on page 64 61 4 Performance Monitoring Disk Space e Hardware Inventory on page 65 Where multiple physical resources are bonded into a single logical resource for example load balanced NICs and RAID volumes in a filesystem SMC IS shows the structure of the aggregated resour
32. ce and where possible shows metrics for both the aggregate and the component resources The Disk Space screen shows the GiB used on each filesystem If the amount of disk space appears low on a filesystem on which disk quotas are enabled you can use the Disk User Quota screen to find out who is using the most disk space Disk User Quota and Disk Group Quota 62 Disk user group quotas provide limits on the number of files and the amount of disk space a user group is allowed to consume on each filesystem A side effect of this is that they make it possible to see how much each user group is currently consuming Because quotas are applied on a per filesystem basis the limits reported in the All Filesystems screen are not additive This means that if a user group has a 500 MiB disk space limit on filesystem A and a 500 MiB limit on filesystem B the user group cannot store a 1 GiB file because there is no single filesystem with a large enough space allowance However the current usage shown in the used column on the All Filesystems screen is additive so you can use this screen to determine the user groups who are currently consuming the most disk space The All Filesystems screen highlights user groups who have exceeded the quota on any filesystem on which they have been allocated a quota Note Users groups that do not have quotas explicitly assigned to them are not listed in the monitoring pages 007 5652 003 sa Management
33. ce client local users local groups and user and group quotas e NFS Configuration on page 38 describes how to configure NFS to share filesystems e CIFS Configuration on page 42 describes how to configure CIFS to share filesystems e SNMP Configuration on page 44 describes how to configure basic Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP e Global Configuration on page 46 describes how to perform various general administration functions e Operations on page 53 describes how to save changes to the configuration files and restore them how to gather support and performance data and how to shut down the system Figure 3 1 shows the top level Management screen 007 5652 003 17 3 Server Configuration and Management 18 File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Window Help S DB Foe ntipsi7agiserver engrsgicom 1176 managementphp S Back Forward Reload Stop sgi https sgiserver engr sgi com 1178 management php Search Print iHome WBookmarks g mozilla org g mozillaZine gmozdev org c SGl SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage sgiserver Summary gt Management Resources Network Interfaces Storage Users amp Groups Services Global Configuration System Name Name Service Client DNS and Hostnames Time and Date Licenses Administrator Password Operations Save Restore Configuration Monitoring Support Data Performance Data Shutdown Management S
34. com 1178 setup php Search X EJ 4 Home WBookmarks mozilla org g mozillaZine gmozdev org c SGl SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage sgiserver Setup Wizard gt Configure System Introduction This wizard guides you through the required systern configuration steps Passwords Please ensure that you have followed the instructions in the Quick Start Guide Network Interface Click on the Next button below to continue DNS Time and Date Verify Configuration Finished System Restart Next gt gt Copyright 2009 2010 Silicon Graphics International Corp All Rights Reserved v1 2 Figure 2 1 Setup Wizard Click Next to display the Passwords screen Passwords On initial setup the Passwords screen displays two sets of text boxes allowing you to enter and confirm the following e SMC IS administration password This is the password you must enter in order to perform web based server configuration and management The password is not required to view the system monitoring screens 10 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Network Interface 007 5652 003 A e Command line configuration password This is the root password for the system Note To continue with the setup process you must enter a password into the text boxes Click Next to display the Network Interface screen The Network Interface screen lets you configure the net
35. differing sets of CIFS operations depending on the application Table 4 5 CIFS Operation Classes Class cancel change notify close create open delete remove findfirst next flush getattr getsecurity ioctl Description Cancel current activity operations Operations requesting notification of changes to a file or in a directory File close operations File and directory create and open operations File deletion and directory removal operations Operations searching for files or scanning a directory Operations requesting a flush to disk of buffered data Operations requesting file and directory attributes such as access times Operations requesting file access permissions Operations performing special filesystem features such as sparse file handling 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Versions Clients 007 5652 003 Class lock unlock misc move read setattr setsecurity write Description File locking and unlocking operations All other operations including infrequent filesystem features File and directory move and rename operations File read operations Operations setting file and directory attributes such as hidden file status Operations setting file access permissions File write operations Table 4 6 Additional Information Reported by the CIFS Screen Category IOPS Latencies Description Number of SMB operations per second
36. directory service that implements LDAP in a Windows environment It provides a hierarchical structure for organizing access to data administration password The password required to log into the Management screens bonded network interface Virtual network interface that consists of real interfaces working in tandem A virtual interface can provide the aggregated bandwidth of all of the interfaces that you used to create it CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is a means of authentication used between a client and server where the password is sent over the wire in a form that is impossible to discover and impossible to replay Both client and server must know what the original password is but someone snooping on wire traffic cannot recover the password and cannot later send the original snooped upon authentication packet to the server in an attempt to try to trick it into letting them authenticate as a valid client CIFS Common internet filesystem This protocol is usually used by Microsoft Windows clients current metric Metric drawn live from the server or taken from the last few minutes of the metric archives default network gateway The IP address of the router that this system should use to communicate with machines that are outside of its subnet 77 Glossary 78 DHCP Dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP allows one or more server systems to dynamically distribute network IP addresses and
37. e 15 bonded network interface 19 bonded network interfaces 23 bonding mode 24 25 browser address 15 007 5652 003 C cancel operation 68 change notify operation 68 CHAP authentication 31 CIFS 68 client number 59 configuration 42 iSCSI and 29 CIFS authentication 47 51 CIFS screen 63 68 clean install 75 clients 69 Clients category 63 Clients menu selection 4 close operation 68 colors in graphs 57 command line configuration password 11 commit operation 67 community string 45 configuration password 11 corrupt password file 71 CPU utilization 58 63 create open operation 68 cross over Ethernet cable 7 current time 57 custom installation 15 D data flow color coding in graphs 58 data reduction process 57 dedicated network interface 21 22 default gateway 11 12 default network gateway 46 device failure notification 27 83 Index DHCP 11 20 22 disk IOPS 63 operations 63 quotas 62 space 58 62 throughput 59 63 throughput monitoring 63 Disk IOPS screen 63 Disk Quota screen 62 DNS and Hostnames screen Global Configuration 51 DNS screen 13 domain 30 39 domain search 13 Domain Search DNS and Hostnames screen 52 duplex option 20 22 dynamic bonding mode 25 etc hosts 15 etc krb5 keytab 39 eth0 11 20 ethereal 54 Ethernet connections 7 Exchange Server as an iSCSI initiator 28 export options 39 Fedora Directory Server 50 files
38. e a file select it and click the Shared box The current share path is shown following the Directory label To share a subdirectory under the share path enter its path in the text field a leading may be omitted Specify the following Share Options Share name Specifies the name under which the filesystem will appear to a Windows client as displayed in its Network Neighborhood Comment Specifies an arbitrary string to describe the share Read only Specifies that the client has access to the filesystem but cannot modify files or create new files Allow guest users Specifies that users can gain access to the CIFS filesystem without authenticating Uncheck this option to allow connections only to valid users By default the CIFS protocol requires a password for authentication If you are configured as an Active Directory client then the authentication is distributed See Active Directory on page 47 1 You can access man pages from the SGI Technical Publications Library at http docs sgi com 42 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Always synchronize writes Allow symbolic linking outside of the share All hosts Local subnets Restrict to hosts 007 5652 003 Ensures that write activity on the client is suspended when a write occurs until all outstanding data has been safely stored onto stable storage If you do not check this box data that is written by th
39. e client can be buffered on the server before it is written to disk This allows the client to continue to do other writing as the server continues to write the data to the disk This is the faster write option and is recommended Specifies that symbolic links made by NFS users that point outside of the Samba share will be followed Caution This feature is a performance security tradeoff that is only interesting for sites running both CIFS and NFS from the same filesystem Allowing linking could be a security risk if for example an NFS user created a symbolic link to etc passwd However unchecking the box will cause a decrease in performance Allows connections from anywhere on a network Allows connections from the indicated subnet You can select one subnet in this field and you must choose it from the available interfaces as set in the Network Interfaces screen Specifies the set of hosts that are permitted to access the CIFS filesystem You can specify the hosts by name or IP number separate values by a space or tab For example you could restrict access to only the hosts on a Class C subnet by specifying something like the following 150420379 To allow hosts of IP address 150 203 5 and myhost mynet edu au specify the following 150 203 5 myhost mynet edu au You can also specify hosts by network subnet mask pairs and by netgroup names if the system supports 43 3 Server Configuration and Management
40. e for a user in that group reaches the hard limit he or she will be immediately unable to write any more data Note The administrator can set quotas for the root group However instead of enforcing these quotas against the root group specifically they will apply to all groups that do not have their own quotas set In other words setting quotas for the root group will set the default quotas for all normal groups The actual root user is exempt from quota limits 37 3 Server Configuration and Management NFS Configuration Global Options 38 To configure filesystems so that they are available for network clients by means of the NFS network protocol select the following Management gt Services gt NFS This screen displays a link for Global Options and all of the filesystems that have been created with SMC IS whether or not they have been enabled for export To specify NFSv4 options select Global Options To change the export options select an individual filesystem name or All Filesystems See e Global Options on page 38 e Export Options on page 39 Note Reverse lookup for NFS clients must be properly configured in the DNS server The Global Options screen lets you specify the following Enable NFSv4 Specifies whether NFSv4 is enabled checked or not If enabled an NFS exported filesystem will be accessible via both NFSv3 and NFSv4 The following fields are only relevant if you have enabled
41. ed for CIFS authentication Specify the following Domain name Specifies the NIS domain name for this system NIS server IP address Specifies the IP address of the NIS server If the NIS server is on the same subnet as SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS SMC IS finds the NIS server IP address and provides it as a default If you are not on the same subnet you must enter the address in this field Click Apply changes You will then be presented with a confirmation screen that allows you to verify whether or not you want to commit the changes You can use the DNS and Hostnames screen to specify how to map hostnames to IP addresses for the system Click Edit local hosts table to access the Hosts screen where you can edit the etc hosts file that contains local mappings or import the contents of a file you specify For information on the etc hosts file see the hosts 5 man page You can also specify the DNS servers to map hostnames to IP addresses and to resolve hostnames that are incomplete 51 3 Server Configuration and Management Domain Search Nameserver Time and Date Specifies the domain name or names of the DNS servers that the system uses to provide hostname to IP address translation If you have multiple domains list them in the order you want to use for lookup This is important in cases where you have two machines with the same name each on a different domain to establish the lookup p
42. er can be tuned For example a high utilization of NICs but few IOPS could indicate that a workload is coming straight from the cache A large number of IOPS but low throughput either disk or network indicates a metadata dominated load You can determine the contributing operations or clients from the NFS screen CIFS screen and the various screens under the Clients category Serving files places demands on the storage server CPU as well as the I O subsystem The CPU helps with copying data to and from disks calculating checksums and other tasks Table 4 1 shows the CPU metrics reported 63 4 Performance Monitoring Network Throughput 64 Table 4 1 CPU Metrics Reported CPU Metric Description Wait time Time when a CPU was forced to do nothing while waiting for an event to occur Typical causes of wait time are filesystem I O and memory swapping Interrupt time Time the CPU spent processing requests from I O devices In a storage server context these are almost exclusively generated by disk operations or network packets and by switching between processes System time Time the CPU spent executing kernel code This is usually dominated by NFS file serving and accessing data from disks User time Time when the CPU is devoted to running ordinary programs The biggest consumers of user time in a storage server would usually be the CIFS server HTTP server or FTP server CPU time is displayed as a percentage where 100 is
43. er in the sitewide directory access problems may result For example if you create local user Fred with a UID of 26 Fred will be able to create local files But if you subsequently add a user Fred on a sitewide name services directory with a different UID user Fred will be unable to access those local files because the system will use the sitewide name and UID first If you are using LDAP or Active Directory as a name service client a user must be present in LDAP or Active Directory and you will not be able to authenticate local users and groups In this case adding local users and groups may be useful for ID mapping but authentication does not use the local password files When you select the Import option for either Local Users or Local Groups you can choose among the following actions e Merge the imported new users or groups with the current list ignoring any accounts or groups with the same name That is if there is an existing user or group keep it rather than the new imported user or group e Merge the imported new users and groups with the current list overwriting any exists in accounts or groups of the same name That is if there is an existing user or group replace it with the new imported user or group 35 3 Server Configuration and Management Quotas User Quotas 36 e Replace all current unrestricted users or groups with the new imported users or groups Accounts with a UID or GID of less than 1
44. ervice mark of the InfiniBand Trade Association Firefox is a registered trademarks of the Mozilla Foundation Kerberos is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Kerberos is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in several countries Novell is a registered trademark and SUSE is a trademark of Novell Inc in the United States and other countries OpenLDAP is a registered trademark of the OpenLDAP Foundation UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group in the United States and other countries All other trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners 007 5652 003 New Features in this Guide Support for the following Providing device failure notification via SNMP traps See Device Failure Notification on page 27 Adding multiple LUNs per iSCSI target See Creating iSCSI Targets on page 30 Displaying logical volume manager LVM and multiple device MD software RAID topologies alongside disk throughput and I O per second IOPS graphs 007 5652 003 Record of Revision Version Description 001 June 2010 Original publication with ISSP 2 1 002 September 2010 Revision with ISSP 2 2 003 January 2011 Revision with ISSP 2 3 Contents About This Guide Related Publications Obtaining Publications Conventions Reader Comments 1 Overview System Management and Monitoring User Interface 2 I
45. finiteStorage such as network interfaces Serial ATA SATA Serial advanced technology attachement storage interface connection service Task performed by the storage server shadow file A file that is protected from all access by non root users and stores the encrypted passwords smart host The gateway server where email should be delivered SMC IS SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Sssmc Name of the service that provides SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage system time Time the CPU spent executing kernel code This is usually dominated by NFS file serving and accessing data from disks target The storage that appears to the initiator as a disk drive in an iSCSI network wait time Time when a CPU was forced to do nothing while waiting for an event to occur Typical causes of wait time are filesystem I O and memory swapping 81 Index 802 3ad standard 25 A About menu selection 5 access operation 67 Active Directory 15 35 47 admin server 39 administration password 11 Administrator Password screen Global Configuration 53 aggregate interface See bonded interface 15 alerts 61 Alerts menu selection 4 All Clients screen 70 All Filesystems screen 62 archives 57 archives directory size 72 Asynchronous Writes NFS export option 40 authentication services 15 autonegotiate 20 22 B backup of the SMC IS configuration 5 blue color in graphs 57 bonded interfac
46. flow e Red represents write and receive data flow e Blue represents read and send data flow Figure 4 2 describes how SMC IS color codes the direction of data flow graphs For an example of the result in a graph see Figure 4 3 on page 60 57 4 Performance Monitoring Write Read Color coding of filesystem directions Receive ial ni Send Color coding of network directions Figure 4 2 Color Coding the Direction of Data Flow System Summary SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS provides a Summary menu selection at the top of the screen This screen displays the following on a per node basis e CPU utilization e Disk space e Disk throughput 58 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 Network throughput InfiniBand throughput if installed The number of NFS CIFS and iSCSI clients if iSCSI targets have been created System uptime Number of users Load average The screen displays ticks along the status bars that represent the average value over the past day or hour rather than the immediate value that is shown by the graph You can drill down to more detailed status by clicking the headings to the left of the graphs Click History to view the historical status of a parameter Figure 4 3 shows an example Summary screen 59
47. ge The menu path is shown in this guide in the following format Monitoring gt Resources gt CPU Utilization 2 007 5652 003 scl Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Eile Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Window Help a R TET Back Forward Reload Stop sgi https sgiserver engr sgi com 11 8 res_cpu php A a Search Print H Home wBookmarks mozilla org mozillaZine gmozdev org c SGl SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage sgiserver Summary Monitoring Management Site Map gt Monitoring p Resources p CPU Utilization CPU CPU Utilization oz Aggregate cpud cpul cpu2 cpu3 E Wait Interrupt W System Mi User Copyright 2009 2010 Silicon Graphics International Corp All Rights Reserved v1 2 sgiserver engr sgi com 2 Figure 1 1 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Interface 007 5652 003 3 1 Overview The menu options are as follows Summary Displays a graphic summary of system utilization number of alerts CPU usage disk space disk throughput network throughput current clients and uptime See System Summary on page 58 Monitoring Lets you monitor features in the following categories e Alerts displays messages from the system logs See Alerts on page 61 e Resources groups a list of system resources that SMC IS monitors Select a resource such as Disk Space to display its status See Resources on
48. he Active Directory service Note The Active Directory section is disabled if there are no Active Directory DNS servers specified See DNS and Hostnames on page 51 47 3 Server Configuration and Management The following Active Directory components appear on the Name Service Client screen Active Directory domain Domain Controller Administrative user Allow this user to remotely manage CIFS share permissions Password Re enter password UID GID Mapping 48 Specifies the full domain name of the Active Directory Note If you later change the server hostname on which SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS runs you must rejoin the Active Directory domain because the Active Directory Security Identifier SID will be changed Specifies a domain controller Specifies the user with administrator privileges Specifies whether or not the Administrative user shown will be able to use the Windows MMC Computer Management GUI to manipulate CIFS share permissions remotely when you join the Active Directory domain Specifies the password for the administrator user For security reasons the Active Directory password cannot contain the following characters 7 amp lt gt Verifies the password for the administrative user Lets you manage UNIX user ID UID and group ID GID mapping on the Active Directory server using one of the following e RFC 2307 Microsoft Windows Server
49. host All network traffic to and from that server will go via the local dedicated network interface and no other traffic will appear on that interface Dedicated network interfaces can be useful when there may be a large amount of network traffic to a specific host and you wish to prevent interference with other network traffic to other hosts Note Dedicated interfaces are an advanced option that may require configuration changes to the network infrastructure and on the remote host You should only use dedicated interfaces if they are specifically required 21 3 Server Configuration and Management InfiniBand Network Interfaces 22 To see the available InfiniBand network interfaces and change their parameters select the following Management gt Resources gt Network Interfaces gt Modify To modify an interface select it You can change the following fields Enabled Speed Duplex Automatic discovery by DHCP Static Dedicated Enables the interface Displays the port speed of the InfiniBand card which is usually Autonegotiate Displays the duplex of the InfiniBand connection which is usually Autonegotiate Specifies that dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP will be used to configure the Ethernet interface Another system must be the DHCP server Specifies that a particular IP address is required for the network interface If you select this you must provide the IP address
50. ical units LUNs A service is a task that is performed by the storage server While the primary service is fileserving SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS breaks this down by the different methods of accessing the server The services known to SMC IS are NFS and CIFS This screen also provides access to the software versions installed This section discusses the following screens available under the Services category e NFS on page 65 e CIFS on page 68 e Versions on page 69 Note The NFS screen is available only if SGI Enhanced NFS is installed NFS traffic is a major contributor to storage server utilization NFS services report statistics aggregated across all exports shares as well as statistics for each export share Table 4 2 describes the statistics reported by both the NFS and CIFS screens Table 4 3 and Table 4 6 describe additional information that is reported 65 4 Performance Monitoring 66 NFS services gather like operations into a smaller number of operation classes Table 4 4 summarizes these classes The NFS operation statistics measure classes of NFS protocol operations sent by clients Note There is not a one to one correspondence between CIFS and NFS IOPS The former measures operations that are received from a network client the latter measures operations that are sent to a local filesystem Table 4 2 Statistics Reported by NFS and CIFS Screens Graph Throughput
51. iguration 19 Network Interface screen 11 network interfaces 15 network throughput 59 64 70 Network Time Protocol NTP 14 52 NFS 38 65 client number 59 custom definition 41 export options 39 iSCSI and 29 restrict to hosts 41 NFS screen 63 65 NFS serving domain 38 NFSv4 enabling 38 NIS 15 51 NTP 52 NTP enable 14 NTP server 14 NTP Time Synchronization Date and Time screen 52 number of users 59 86 O OpenLDAP Server 50 operation CIFS 68 69 operation classes 66 Operations 5 operations by type 66 oprofile 54 output load balancing 24 26 overview 1 P password default 11 password problems 71 Passwords screen 10 performance archives 57 performance data 5 Performance Data screen 54 performance monitoring 55 port speed 20 22 power outage and iSCSI 72 principal user Kerberos 39 public NTP timeserver 14 Q Quick Start guide 7 quotas disk 62 group 37 user 36 user and group 36 R re exporting iSCSI targets with NFS or CIFS 29 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide read block sizes 66 read operation CIFS 69 NFS 67 Read only NFS Export option 40 readdir operation 67 readdirplus operation 67 realm 39 reboot 5 red color in graphs 57 reinstallation after configuration 75 remove operation 67 reporting problems to SGI 75 resources 4 61 Resources menu selection 4 restrict t
52. ion in the following ways xvi See the SGI Technical Publications Library at http docs sgi com Various formats are available This library contains the most recent and most comprehensive set of online books man pages and other information You can also view man pages by typing man lt title gt on a command line The docs directory on the ISSP DVD or in the Supportfolio download directory contains the following The ISSP release note docs README txt Other release notes docs README_NAME txt The manuals provided with ISSP A complete list of the packages and their location on the media docs RPMS txt The packages and their respective licenses docs PACKAGE_LICENSES txt The ISSP release notes and manuals are installed on the system as part of the sgi isspdocs RPM into the following location usr share doc packages sgi issp ISSPVERSION TITLE 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Conventions The following conventions are used throughout this publication Convention command variable user input Menu item manpage x Reader Comments 007 5652 003 Meaning This fixed space font denotes literal items such as commands files routines path names signals messages and programming language structures Italic typeface denotes variable entries and words or concepts being defined Bold fixed space font denote
53. ite Map Network interface options Device failure notification filesystems and iSCSI target configuration Users groups and quotas NFS exports and options CIFS shares and options SNMP configuration Set local system name IP address workgroup and default gateway Configure options for network name service clients such as NIS LDAP and ActiveDirectory Configure DNS lookup options and host address definitions Configure NTP time zone time and date options Add or remove software licenses Change the administrator password Save or restore the system configuration files Gather support data Capture performance data for SGI Engineering Shut down or reboot the system Figure 3 1 Management Screen 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Network Interface Configuration A You can use SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS to configure and modify the network interfaces for the system When configuring the system you must consider the difference between the management interface and the remainder of the interfaces in the system The management interface is the first interface in the machine et h0 which is dedicated for use by SMC IS The remainder of the interfaces in the system are used for fileserving You can configure these ports as individual standalone ports or you can group these ports together into a bonded network interface Bonding interfaces together give
54. ize your system e Configuring network interfaces in addition to the management interface For information on configuring network interfaces see Network Interface Configuration on page 19 e Configuring bonded interfaces which are virtual network interfaces that consist of real interfaces working in tandem A virtual interface can provide the aggregated bandwidth of all of the interfaces that you used to create it For information see Bonded Network Interfaces on page 23 e Configuring local users and groups as described in User and Group Configuration on page 35 e Modifying the etc hosts file For information on etc hosts files see DNS and Hostnames on page 51 e Configuring authentication services For information on configuring Active Directory LDAP or NIS for the system see Name Service Client on page 47 e Setting the time directly as described in Time and Date on page 52 15 Chapter 3 Server Configuration and Management This chapter describes how to use SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage GMC IS to configure the various components of your system and perform general system administration e Network Interface Configuration on page 19 describes how to configure and modify the network interfaces for the system e Storage Configuration on page 27 describes how to list filesystems and iSCSI targets e User and Group Configuration on page 35 describes how to configure a name servi
55. lowing 1 Connect a cross over Ethernet cable from a laptop or PC to the primary Ethernet port on the storage server as described in the Quick Start Guide 2 Launch a web browser to the following URL https 192 168 9 9 1178 007 5652 003 7 2 Initial System Setup Note You must temporarily reset the IP address of the laptop or PC to 192 168 9 1 for this to work correctly If you have just powered the system on you may need to allow five minutes for the system to boot up before the Setup Wizard will be accessible SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS requires the following e JavaScript e One of the following browsers Firefox 2 n through Firefox 3 6 Firefox is the preferred browser Internet Explorer 7 n 7 0 or later and Internet Explorer 8 3 Accept the security certificate In Firefox this will require a series of steps to add an exception and get the certificate Note SMC IS generates its own SSL certificates rather than having the SSL certificates signed by a commercial certificate authority Therefore the certificate warning is safe to ignore The first time you boot the system the web browser presents the Setup Wizard After you have completed initial system configuration with the Setup Wizard and restarted the system the web browser presents the summary screen from which you can access all of the product features Note Until you have run through the Setup Wi
56. m This directory can be moved to any other filesystem assuming the new filesystem always remains mounted using the following procedure 1 Stop services related to SMC IS pcp storage and Performance Co Pilot service ssmc stop service pcp storage stop service pcp stop 2 Change to the pcp storage directory cd var 1lib pcp storage 3 Move the archives directory to a different filesystem mv archives some other filesystem 4 Link the other filesystem to the archives location ln s some other filesystem archives 5 Restart services service pcp start service pcp storage start service ssmc start Power Outage and iSCSI 72 Due to the nature of iSCSI as a block level protocol as distinct from file level protocols such as NFS and CIFS particular care must be taken in the event of a system crash power failure or extended network outage If power is lost to the server while an iSCSI initiator is performing a write to an iSCSI target the write will not be completed and the filesystem created on that particular target may then be in an inconsistent state The iSCSI initiator should be made to perform a filesystem check on the iSCSI target immediately after power is restored and before trying to access that target for normal usage 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide For example on a Windows client 1 Use the iSCSI Initiator program to connect to the iS
57. mputer Management gt Disk Management Miscellaneous iSCSI Management The iSCSI menu also provides the following management options List Targets Lists the existing iSCSI targets Create Target Creates an iSCSI target Modify Target Modifies the authentication settings you defined on the Target Options screen when you created an iSCSI target Destroy Target Destroys an existing iSCSI target Stop Start Stops or starts the iSCSI service If you are backing up the system taking the iSCSI service offline ensures that the data is in a consistent state 34 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide User and Group Configuration SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS lets you configure the following e Local Users and Groups on page 35 e Quotas on page 36 Local Users and Groups 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS can create and add user and group accounts to access the storage server locally This is a local database only these users and groups do not interact with the users and groups provided by the name server If you search the site directory and do not find the user or group data you are looking for the system searches this local database The local user accounts will be used for authentication for CIFS shares if you are not using LDAP or Active Directory authentication Caution If you create a local user and subsequently add that us
58. nce Monitoring Monitoring Overview Metrics Collected System Summary Alerts Storage Device Failures Resources Disk Space Disk User Quota and Disk Group Quota Disk Throughput and Disk IOPS CPU Utilization Network Throughput Hardware Inventory Services NFS CIFS Versions 007 5652 003 50 51 51 52 53 53 53 53 54 54 54 55 55 57 58 61 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 65 65 65 68 69 Contents Clients 5 Troubleshooting Forgotten Password or Corrupt Password File The archives Directory is Too Large Power Outage and iSCSI Manual System Reboot Network Configuration Issues Reporting Problems to SGI Appendix A Reinstalling After the Network is Configured Glossary Index 69 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 75 77 83 007 5652 003 Figure 1 1 Figure 2 1 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 007 5652 003 Figures SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Interface Setup Wizard Management Screen Bonded Network Interfaces iSCSI Storage Monitoring Screen Color Coding the Direction of Data Flow Summary Screen 10 18 24 29 56 58 60 xi Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Table 4 3 Table 4 4 Table 4 5 Table 4 6 Tables CPU Metrics Reported Statistics Reported by NFS and CIFS Screens Additional Information Reported by the NFS Screen NFS Operation Classes CIFS Operation Classes Additional Information Reported by the
59. nitial System Setup Accessing the Setup Wizard Using the Setup Wizard to Configure the System Initial Setup Wizard Screen Passwords Network Interface DNS Time and Date Verify Configuration Finished System Restart Customizing Your Installation 3 Server Configuration and Management Network Interface Configuration 007 5652 003 xv xvi xvi xvii xvii N o O N N 10 11 13 14 14 14 15 15 17 19 vii Contents Management Interface Ethernet Network Interfaces InfiniBand Network Interfaces Bonded Network Interfaces Storage Configuration Device Failure Notification Listing Filesystems iSCSI eo a Creating iSCSI Targets The iSCSI Initiator Miscellaneous iSCSI Management User and Group Configuration Local Users and Groups Quotas User Quotas Group Quotas NFS Configuration Global Options Export Options Use Export Options Use a Custom Definition CIFS Configuration SNMP Configuration Global Configuration System Name Name Service Client Local Files Only Active Directory viii 19 20 22 23 27 27 28 28 30 33 34 35 35 36 36 37 38 38 39 40 41 42 44 46 46 47 47 47 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide LDAP NISS 2 9 Ge 4 DNS and Hostnames Time and Date Licenses Administrator Password Operations Save Restore Configuration Support Data Performance Data Shutdown 4 Performa
60. ntication With mutual CHAP authentication after the initiator supplies a username the target must supply a username and password back to the initiator If you leave the Mutual Username field blank it defaults to the target username The mutual name is usually ignored by initiators which only care about the mutual secret When the client connects to a target the iSCSI initiator software verifies that the mutual secret specified in SMC IS matches the secret specified in the initiator Specifies the mutual CHAP secret Note This secret should be different from the target CHAP secret Verifies the mutual CHAP secret You must enter the CHAP username and secret specified on this screen in the iSCSI initiator software on the client in order for the initiator to be able to authenticate with and connect to the target For a Windows client this is the username and secret you enter in the Microsoft iSCSI Initiator program The Confirm screen summarizes the target options you have selected Click Next to confirm your choices and create the iSCSI target 5 The Finished screen indicates that the iSCSI target has been created Select Done 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide The iSCSI Initiator 007 5652 003 After you have created iSCSI targets select the following to see what initiators are connected to what targets Monitoring gt Clients gt iSCSI SMC IS lets
61. o hosts NFS option 41 Samba schema 50 Save Restore Configuration screen 53 secret for CHAP authentication 31 server configuration and management 17 service times 66 69 services 65 Services menu selection 4 5 serving domain for NFS 38 setattr operation CIFS 69 NFS 67 Setup Wizard 7 DNS screen 13 Finished screen 14 Introduction screen 9 Network Interface screen 11 Passwords screen 10 System Restart screen 15 Time and Date screen 14 Verify Configuration screen 14 Share Options CIFS configuration 42 shutdown 5 007 5652 003 Shutdown screen Global Configuration 54 Site Map menu selection 5 SNMP 44 soft limit 37 ssmc_admin 71 standalone network interface 20 static bonding mode 25 Static option 20 22 storage configuration 27 storage device failures 61 subnet mask 26 Summary menu selection 4 58 Summary screen example 60 system alerts 61 system console 73 system logs 61 system name 46 System Name Global Configuration 46 System Restart screen 15 system setup 7 system time 64 system uptime 59 T target for iSCSI 28 CHAP authentication 31 creating 30 identifier 30 re exporting with NFS or CIFS 29 username 31 target name 30 throughput 63 CIFS 66 network 64 NFS 66 Time and Date screen 14 52 time zone 14 17 Time Zone Date and Time screen 52 trap destination 45 87 Index troubleshooting 71 var lib pcep storage archives di
62. onfigure an incorrect IP address for the management interface you can make SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS inaccessible Ethernet Network Interfaces 20 To see the available Ethernet network interfaces and change their parameters select the following Management gt Resources gt Network Interfaces gt Modify To modify an interface select it You can change the following fields Enabled Enables the interface You cannot disable the management interface Speed Displays the port speed of the Ethernet card which is usually Autonegotiate Duplex Displays the duplex of the Ethernet connection which is usually Autonegotiate Automatic discovery Specifies that dynamic host configuration protocol by DHCP DHCP will be used to configure the Ethernet interface Another system must be the DHCP server Static Specifies that a particular IP address is required for the network interface If you select this you must provide the IP address and subnet mask 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 Dedicated Specifies the local and remote IP address for a dedicated network connection between the storage server and another host for example a dedicated VLAN network or single point to point network cable A dedicated network interface is an interface such as eth2 that has been configured to use a point to point connection with a single remote
63. out changes Select this radio button to change the principal user and password for the existing keytab Specifies a user that belongs to the Kerberos server with sufficient privileges to generate a keytab for the NFS server Specifies the principal s password Copies the selected file to etc krb5 keytab on the NFS server Click Browse to see a list of available files Specifies that the keytab should be verified This is not supported by Active Directory You can choose to export or not export a filesystem by clicking the check box The current export point is shown following the Directory label To export a subdirectory under the export point enter its path in the text field a leading may be omitted 39 3 Server Configuration and Management Use Export Options 40 When you enable a filesystem for export you can do one of the following e Use Export Options on page 40 e Use a Custom Definition on page 41 After specifying the configuration parameters click Apply changes If you select Use export options you must specify the following Read only Asynchronous writes Allow access from unprivileged ports All hosts Local subnet Kerberos aware clients krb5 Kerberos with Integrity support aware clients krb5i Specifies that the client has access to the filesystem but cannot modify files or create new files Specifies whether or not to use asynchronous writes Data that i
64. r a storage server solution You can use SMC IS to do the following Perform initial system configuration using the Setup Wizard Manage and install SGI software licenses Configure the system components Perform general system administration tasks Monitor the state and performance of the storage server including the following Storage device failures LSI MegaRAID platform only CPU utilization Disk utilization Network throughput Services Review historical data describing the state and performance of the storage server View connected clients and determine how each of these contribute to the current workload Configure iSCSI targets from block devices and logical volumes Configure NFS exports and CIFS shares from existing filesystems 1 Overview Note Reverse lookup for NFS clients must be properly configured in the DNS server because the NFS server will always try to do a reverse lookup on client IP addresses Improper configuration will cause delays User Interface To access the SGI Manager Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS features click one of the menu options displayed across the top of the screen As you page through SMC IS your location is shown below the menu options You can also click an item in this path to directly access that location For example Figure 1 1 shows the screen you would see if you selected the CPU Utilization item from the Resources category on the Monitoring menu pa
65. rectory 57 archives directory size 72 var lib ssmc alerts archive 61 password issues 71 Verify Configuration screen 14 power outage and iSCSI 72 versions 69 reporting problems 75 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage is inaccessible Ww rebooting the system 73 SMC IS is inaccessible wait time 64 network configuration issues 73 web browsers 8 write block sizes 66 write operation primary gt 69 U write_async operation 67 write_sync operation 67 unit measures 57 uptime of system 59 Use custom definition option NFS screen 41 X user and group configuration 35 user numbers 59 xattr operation user quotas 36 NFS 67 user time 64 users and groups 15 V var lib pcp storage archives 72 88 007 5652 003
66. riority You can specify up to three IP addresses for the DNS name servers to use If an address you specify is down the system will use the next one Use the Time and Date screen to set the following Time Zone NTP Time Synchronization 52 Sets the local time zone You can choose a time zone from a drop down list of options or you can set a custom time zone For example the following specifies what the name of the time zone is for both standard and daylight savings periods and when the change over is from daylight to standard and back again going from standard to daylight on the 10th month and the 5th Sunday and back again on the 4th month and the first Sunday AEST 10AEDT M10 5 0 M4 1 0 For more information about custom time zone format see the tzfile man page Enables automatic time synchronization with Network Time Protocol NTP The NTP protocol is used to synchronize clocks on computer systems over a network Select Apply NTP changes keep the system s time in synchronization with an NTP server or Set time from NTP server to go off and synchronize it now once only 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide If the server has Internet access see the following website for information about using the public NTP timeserver http www pool ntp org Set Current Time and Sets the system date in the format year month day and Date time directly instead of
67. s literal items that the user enters in interactive sessions Output is shown in nonbold fixed space font Bold font indicates a menu item or button in the graphical user interface GUI Ellipses indicate that a preceding element can be repeated Man page section identifiers appear in parentheses after man page names If you have comments about the technical accuracy content or organization of this publication contact SGI Be sure to include the title and document number of the publication with your comments Online the document number is located in the front matter of the publication In printed publications the document number is located at the bottom of each page You can contact SGI in any of the following ways e Send e mail to the following address techpubs sgi com e Contact your customer service representative and ask that an incident be filed in the SGI incident tracking system xvii About This Guide e Send mail to the following address SGI Technical Publications 46600 Landing Parkway Fremont CA 94538 SGI values your comments and will respond to them promptly xviii 007 5652 003 Chapter 1 Overview This chapter discusses the following System Management and Monitoring on page 1 User Interface on page 2 System Management and Monitoring 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS is a web based interface that lets you configure manage and monito
68. s written by the client can be buffered on the server before it is written to disk This allows the client to continue to do other work as the server continues to write the data to the disk By default writes are performed synchronously which ensures that activity on the client is suspended when a write occurs until all outstanding data has been safely stored onto stable storage Allows access for Mac OS X clients or other NFS clients that initiate mounts from port numbers greater than 1024 If there are no such clients on your network leave this option unchecked Allows connections from anywhere on a network Allows connections from the indicated subnet You can select any subnet from those that have been defined for the network interfaces Allows connections only from those systems that are Kerberos aware if Kerberos is enabled in Global Options on page 38 over NFSv4 Allows connections only from those systems that are Kerberos with Integrity support aware if Kerberos is enabled in Global Options on page 38 over NFSv4 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Use a Custom Definition 007 5652 003 Restrict to hosts 192 168 10 1 rw Specifies the set of hosts that are permitted to access the NFS filesystem You can specify the hosts by hostname or IP address separate values with a space or tab For example you could restrict access to only the hosts on a Class C subne
69. s you the aggregated bandwidth for multiple clients of all of the interfaces that constitute the bonded interface For most systems this can significantly increase performance over a system in which all of the interfaces are configured as individual network ports For further information see e Management Interface on page 19 e Ethernet Network Interfaces on page 20 e InfiniBand Network Interfaces on page 22 e Bonded Network Interfaces on page 23 Caution Ensure that the hardware settings are correct before you configure the network interfaces For information on hardware setting see the Quick Start Guide for your system Management Interface 007 5652 003 When the system is shipped from the factory the management interface has a preconfigured IP address When using the Setup Wizard you connect a laptop to that interface in order to perform the initial setup tasks For information on the Setup Wizard see Chapter 2 Initial System Setup on page 7 The management interface is always configured as an individual network interface and cannot be part of a bonded interface 19 3 Server Configuration and Management A You can modify the management interface by selecting eth0O from the following screen Management gt Resources gt Network Interfaces gt Modify For information on the network configuration parameters you can modify see Ethernet Network Interfaces on page 20 Caution If you c
70. sgi SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003 COPYRIGHT 2010 2011 SGI All rights reserved provided portions may be copyright in third parties as indicated elsewhere herein No permission is granted to copy distribute or create derivative works from the contents of this electronic documentation in any manner in whole or in part without the prior written permission of SGI LIMITED RIGHTS LEGEND The software described in this document is commercial computer software provided with restricted rights except as to included open free source as specified in the FAR 52 227 19 and or the DFAR 227 7202 or successive sections Use beyond license provisions is a violation of worldwide intellectual property laws treaties and conventions This document is provided with limited rights as defined in 52 227 14 TRADEMARKS AND ATTRIBUTIONS SGI the SGI cube the SGI logo and XFS are are trademarks or registered trademarks of Silicon Graphics International Corp or its subsidiaries in the United States and other countries Active Directory Internet Explorer Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation LSI is a trademark and MegaRAID is a registered trademark of LSI Corporation Fedora Red Hat and all Red Hat based trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Red Hat Inc in the United States and other countries InfiniBand is a registered trademark and s
71. shot record of the configuration This screen lists previously saved configurations labeled by date After restoring a configuration you should restart the system If there is a problem with the system SGI Call Center Support may request support data in order to find and resolve the problem The Gather Support Data screen lets you generate an archive containing copies of the storage server s software and hardware configuration and log files To collect the data select Yes gather information This process can take more than 30 seconds on large RAID configurations and requires at least 200 MB of free space in tmp This screen lets you capture and download archives of performance data from the server on which SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS is running SGI may request such an archive for performance analysis purposes but please be aware that it may contain potentially sensitive information such as network traces Note The Performance Data screen in SMC IS is only available if you have installed the oprofile and ethereal packages From the Shutdown screen you can specify to reboot or shut down the system in a specified number of minutes 007 5652 003 Chapter 4 Performance Monitoring This chapter discusses the following e Monitoring Overview on page 55 e Metrics Collected on page 57 e System Summary on page 58 e Alerts on page 61 e Storage Device Failures on page 61 e Resources
72. specific switch ports together Your choice depends upon what your switch supports e If your switch supports the 802 3ad protocol choose dynamic bonding e If your switch only supports manually grouping ports together in a bond choose static bonding e If your switch does not support any bonding you must configure all your network interfaces as separate individual interfaces 007 5652 003 25 3 Server Configuration and Management Output Load Balancing Specifies how the server chooses which subinterface will send replies e Layer 3 IP header specifies that the server and client are on different subnets e Layer 2 MAC address specifies that all packets sent to the clients use separate MAC addresses This option is more efficient than Layer 3 IP header Use this option only if the clients are in the same broadcast domain as the server Note Do not select this option if the switch immediately upstream of the server is acting as a router rather than a switch that is making packet routing decisions at Layer 3 rather than Layer 2 or if the clients are in a different subnet and you have another router between the server and clients IP address Specifies the IP address of the new bonded interface The IP address for a bonded interface must be configured statically SMC IS does not support DHCP and dedicated IP addresses for bonded interfaces Subnet mask Specifies the subnet mask of the new bonded interface
73. t one authentication option Note If more than one initiator were to write to the same target at the same time there is a high risk of data loss By using one or more authentication options you ensure that only one client initiator can access an individual target at a time e Authentication Initiator IP Address Specifies the IP addresses of the initiators that will be allowed access to this target e Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol CHAP authentication in which the initiator will supply the following information to the target Target Username Specifies the username that the initiator must supply to connect to the target using CHAP authentication This is not the username with which you logged in to SMC IS it is specific to the iSCSI target that you are defining Target CHAP Secret Specifies the password that the initiator must supply to connect to the target using CHAP authentication It must be in the range from 12 through 16 characters This is not the password with which you logged in to SMC IS it is specific to the iSCSI target you are defining 007 5652 003 31 3 Server Configuration and Management 32 Re enter Target CHAP Secret Verifies the CHAP secret e Mutual CHAP authentication in which the target will supply the following information to the initiator Mutual Username Mutual CHAP Secret Re enter Mutual CHAP Secret Specifies the target username for mutual CHAP authe
74. t by specifying something like the following 150 2035 To allow hosts of IP address 150 203 5 and myhost mynet edu au specify the following 150 203 5 myhost mynet edu au You can also specify hosts by network subnet mask pairs and by netgroup names if the system supports netgroups To allow hosts that match the network subnet mask of 150 203 15 0 255 255 255 0 you would specify the following D02035 1540 2552992 9570 To allow two hosts hostA and hostB specify the following hostA hostB Note Access still requires suitable user level passwords The localhost address 127 0 0 1 will always be allowed If you select Use custom definition you can enter any NFS export options that are supported in the Linux etc exports file For example the following entry gives 192 168 10 1 read write access but read only access to all other IP addresses 41 3 Server Configuration and Management Note There cannot be a space between the IP address and the export option For information on the etc exports file see the export s 5 man page 1 CIFS Configuration To configure filesystems so that they are available for network clients by means of the CIFS network protocol select the following Management gt Services gt CIFS All of the filesystems created with SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage GMC IS are displayed on this screen whether or not they have been enabled for sharing To shar
75. t sends a packet it traverses a switch which determines at which subinterface the packet arrives Input load balancing ensures that each client arrives at a different subinterface The clients see only one interface because the balancing is done by the system In addition to configuring a bonded interface in SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS you must configure the ports on the switch so that they use either static trunking or 802 3ad dynamic trunking For more information refer to the user manual for your switch To create a bonded interface select the following Management gt Resources gt Network Interfaces gt Create a bonded interface The available interfaces are displayed for selection 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide When you configure a bonded interface you specify the following Available interfaces Specifies the interfaces to be used Bonding mode Selects a bonding mode that governs the relation of the subinterfaces to a switch and defines the protocol that is used for assigning network switch ports to a bonded interface e Dynamic 802 3ad uses the 802 3ad protocol to communicate with the switch and automatically bond the appropriate switch ports together You may need to configure your switch to enable the 802 3ad protocol on a range of switch ports or for the switch as a whole e Static requires that the switch be manually configured to bond
76. tes and legal information about SMC IS Displays the management log in screen in which you enter the administration password that enables you to make changes and use the Management screens No password is required to use the Monitoring screens You must also enable cookies Allows you to exit from the management function but still access monitoring functions After you have logged in the menu selection changes to Log Out Chapter 2 Initial System Setup This chapter describes how to use the Setup Wizard to perform the initial system configuration e Accessing the Setup Wizard on page 7 discusses the Ethernet connections that must be in place in order to run the Setup Wizard Note Before running the Setup Wizard ensure that the hardware setup instructions have been completed and verified and that the machine has been powered up For information on system hardware setup see your system s Quick Start Guide e Using the Setup Wizard to Configure the System on page 9 steps you through the screens of the Setup Wizard e Customizing Your Installation on page 15 provides an overview of the configuration tasks to customize the system for your specific needs after you have finished using the Setup Wizard If you must reinstall SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS see Appendix A Reinstalling After the Network is Configured on page 75 Accessing the Setup Wizard To access the wizard do the fol
77. the total time available from a single CPU This means that for an 8 CPU server the total available CPU time is 800 In general NFS workloads consume more system time whereas CIFS HTTP and FTP workloads consume more user time SG Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS performance monitoring infrastructure consumes only a small amount of user time The most useful problem indicator is consistently having little or no idle time This can mean that the server is underpowered compared to the workload that is expected of it The Network Throughput screen displays the amount of data transferred through each network interface card NIC If an interface is load balanced SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage SMC IS displays throughput for both the bonded interface and its constituent interfaces 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Hardware Inventory Services NFS 007 5652 003 Note The throughput displayed is total network throughput which includes protocol headers so real data transfer will be somewhat lower than this value The Services category screens show the amount of real data transferred from a variety of perspectives The hardware inventory is a summary of the hardware configuration including the CPUs I O controllers memory network controllers and SCSI disks The list of SCSI disks includes both the system root disk and the configured RAID log
78. tion NMS or the network segment that is allowed to access the SNMP service Specifies the IP address of your NMS for receiving default SNMP traps Specifies the SNMP community string to use when sending SNMP traps and when querying the SNMP service The default is public Specifies the system name This field is automatically set by SMC IS to the hostname of the server However you may change this to something more appropriate to your environment Specifies the physical location of the storage server optional Specifies the contact details such as the name and email address of one or more persons responsible for administration of the server optional Provides addition descriptive information for identifying the server optional After applying your configuration changes to the SNMP service you should receive start stop SNMP v2 traps notifying you that the SNMP service has been restarted To allow the SNMP monitoring application to fully parse trap objects do the following 1 On the trap destination system install the sgi snmpagent mibs package from the SGI Foundation Software media 2 Copy the following file from the storage server system to the same directory on the trap destination system opt sgi snmpagents mibs sgi ssmc smi mib 3 Make the management information bases MIBs in opt sgi snmpagents mibs known to the SNMP monitoring application 45 3 Server Configuration and Management Global
79. tions Operations that result in filename translations that is operations that are applied to a filename rather than to a file handle such as open File read operations and symbolic link resolution operations Directory entry listing operations Extended directory entry listing operations returns the attributes of the directory entries as well as their names File deletion operations File attribute setting operations which include file truncations and changing permissions and ownership Asynchronous writes the written data may be cached and scheduled for writing at a later time Synchronous write these do not complete until the data is written to stable storage Operations that manipulate XFS extended attributes 67 4 Performance Monitoring CIFS 68 Note The CIFS screen is available only if SGI Samba packages are installed CIFS traffic is a major contributor to storage server utilization CIFS services report statistics aggregated across all exports shares as well as statistics for each export share Table 4 2 describes the statistics reported by both the NFS and CIFS screens CIFS services gather like operations into a smaller number of operation classes While these classes are largely similar there are some differences Table 4 5 summarizes these classes Note Clients can perform file operations in a variety of different ways which can result in similar logical operations being recorded as
80. twork if enable static eth0 192 168 9 9 255 255 255 0 e DHCP usr lib ssmc ssmc cli c if enable dhcp eth0 To set the default gateway such as if the system must communicate with other systems outside the local network or if the default gateway is not supplied by a DHCP server enter the following c network default gateway set Default_Gateway_IPaddress For example for a default gateway of 192 168 9 254 c network default gateway set 192 168 9 254 Reset et ho usr lib ssmc ssmc cli c network if reset eth0 Restart SMC IS service ssmc restart Reporting Problems to SGI See Support Data on page 54 for information about gathering the information that SGI Support will require when diagnosing problems 74 007 5652 003 Appendix A 007 5652 003 Reinstalling After the Network is Configured For information about installing SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage onto a clean machine see the SGI InfiniteStorage Software Platform Release Notes If you are reinstalling from CD after your network has already been configured you must still run through the Setup Wizard in order for the system to operate correctly If networking has already been configured replace https 192 168 9 9 1178 in the instructions above with https YOUR_SERVER 1178 in order to access the Setup Wizard where YOUR_SERVER is the hostname or IP address of your system 75 007 5652 003 Glossary Active Directory A
81. ver 2003 R2 or Microsoft Windows Services For UNIX when applicable as appropriate for your environment Caution Depending on your environment making changes to the UID GID mapping may result in ownership changes of user files 007 5652 003 49 3 Server Configuration and Management LDAP Lightweight directory access protocol LDAP is a networking protocol that organizes access to data in a directory tree structure Each entry in the tree has a unique identifier called the distinguished name The default LDAP server IP address is the local host You will probably need to specify a different IP address Fields LDAP server Specifies the IP address of the LDAP server Base Specifies the distinguished name of the base of the subtree you will be searching Root binddn Specifies the distinguished name of the user to whom you are assigning root privileges for administration This is expressed as a node in the directory tree that refers to a user account Password Specifies the password that will be required to authenticate against the LDAP server For security reasons the LDAP password cannot contain the following characters al lt gt Re enter password Verifies the password that will be required to authenticate against the LDAP server To use LDAP for CIFS authentication you must configure the LDAP server to use the RFC2307bis or NIS schema to supply POSIX account information In addition you must add
82. where there are two machines with the same name each on a different domain Nameserver Specifies up to three IP addresses for the DNS name servers to use If an address you specify is down the system will use the next one Click Next to display the Time and Date screen 13 2 Initial System Setup Time and Date Verify Configuration Finished 14 Use the Time and Date screen to set the following Time zone Specifies the local time zone NTP enable Enables automatic time synchronization with Network Time Protocol NTP If the server has Internet access see the following website for information about using the public NTP timeserver http www poolLntp org NTP servers Specifies the NTP servers Click Next to display the Verify Configuration screen The Verify Configuration screen provides a summary of the configuration information you have entered on the previous screens Note At this point in the process the passwords you provided on the Passwords screen have been implemented If you click Previous to page back through the screens in order to edit any of the information the text boxes on the Passwords screen will no longer be visible Click Next to apply this configuration It takes several seconds for the configuration to be applied after the configuration changes are is complete the Finished screen will appear The Finished screen indicates that the configuration information you entered in the
83. work management interface eth0 for the system For information see Network Interface Configuration on page 19 Caution If you configure an incorrect IP address for the management interface you can render the system inaccessible from the network The system is shipped with ethO preconfigured as the management interface and a static IP address of 192 168 9 9 This lets you plug a laptop into the storage server For information on other system settings such as the default gateway see Global Configuration on page 46 To configure network interfaces in addition to the management interface and to configure bonded interfaces you must complete the initial system setup and customize your installation as described in Customizing Your Installation on page 15 Configure the following fields System name Specifies the fully qualified domain name FQDN for this storage server The default hostname is sgiserver Workgroup Specifies the NetBIOS workgroup to which the machine should belong The default is WORKGROUP If you are not using CIFS you can ignore this setting Use DHCP Specifies when checked that dynamic host configuration protocol DHCP will be used to configure the Ethernet interface Another system must be the DHCP server For information on DHCP see Ethernet Network Interfaces on page 20 If you require a particular IP 11 2 Initial System Setup 12 IP address Subnet mask Default gateway
84. you configure iSCSI targets for use by an iSCSI initiator such as the Microsoft iSCSI Software Initiator or the iSCSI initiator included with various Linux and UNIX distributions After you have created an iSCSI target you must configure the initiator on the client system that will connect to the target You must specify the following e Hostname of the storage server e Target identifier e Any CHAP authentication details you configured when creating the target for specific instructions see the documentation supplied with your iSCSI initiator After the iSCSI initiator has connected to the target the target will appear as a disk drive on the client system and can then be formatted using the tools supplied with the client operating system The following is an example of configuring a Windows client it assumes that you have already created a target or targets 1 Download the iSCSI Initiator from Microsoft s web site http www microsoft com and install it on the Windows client Open the iSCSI Initiator Control Panel applet Add the storage server to the list of Target Portals Select the iSCSI target to connect to from the Targets list and click Log On a Ae WwW N Specify CHAP authentication details in the Advanced settings 33 3 Server Configuration and Management 6 Use the following tool to partition and format the target and assign a drive letter Start Menu gt Administrative Tools gt Co
85. ystem listing 28 findfirst next operation 68 Finished screen 14 Firefox 8 flush operation 68 fsinfo operation 67 full duplex 20 22 84 G gateway 12 46 Gather Support Data screen Global Configuration 54 getattr operation CIFS 68 NFS 67 getsecurity operation 68 global configuration 46 Global Configuration menu selection 5 global operations 38 group quotas 37 H half duplex 20 22 hard limit 37 hardware inventory 65 historic time 57 historical status of a parameter 59 History menu selection 59 hostname 11 identifier for target 30 IEEE 802 3ad standard 25 Import Users option Local Users screen 35 InfiniBand network interface 22 InfiniBand throughput 59 initial system setup 7 initiator for iSCSI 28 33 inode_mods operation 67 input load balancing 24 installation customization 15 interface overview 2 Internet Explorer 8 Internet Small Computer Systems Interface 007 5652 003 SGI Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide See iSCSI 28 interrupt time 64 Introduction screen 9 ioctl operation 68 IOPS 63 66 69 CIFS 66 NFS 66 IP address 12 26 IP header 26 iqn 30 iSCSI client number 59 create target 34 destroy targets 34 domain 30 identifier 30 initiator 28 33 list targets 34 modify targets 34 network 28 NFS and CIFS 29 protocol 28 qualified name 30 re exporting targets 29 start stop 3
86. ystems gt List For filesystems that are mounted storage capacity and usage are displayed along with related NFS exports and CIFS shares Filesystems that are listed in etc fstab will be presented with mount and unmount check boxes except for the root filesystem Those selected will be put into effect when the Apply button is clicked Internet Small Computer Systems Interface iSCSI is a protocol that is used to transport SCSI commands across a TCP IP network This allows a system to access storage across a network just as if the system were accessing a local physical disk To a client accessing the iSCSI storage the storage appears as a disk drive would appear if the storage were local In an iSCSI network the client accessing the storage is called the initiator and runs iSCSI Initiator software The remote storage that the client accesses is called the target which is what appears to the initiator as a disk drive A common application of an iSCSI network is to configure an Exchange Server as an iSCSI initiator that uses an iSCSI target as its mail store Figure 3 3 illustrates iSCSI storage Each client initiator is configured to connect to a specific iSCSI target an area allocated in the RAID iSCSI storage pool and views this target as if it were a local disk The lines in Figure 3 3 indicate data flow 007 5652 003 saf Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide 007 5652 003
87. zard you will not be able to access the rest of SMC IS When using the Setup Wizard you may see warning or error messages when you click Next after filling in the fields for a particular page This happens when the system detects a problem in what you have configured When a warning message appears the system will still proceed to the next screen When an error message appears the system remains on the current screen All of the initial system configuration you perform through the Setup Wizard can be later modified using SMC IS as described in Chapter 3 Server Configuration and Management in the section Global Configuration on page 46 in particular 007 5652 003 sa Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator s Guide Using the Setup Wizard to Configure the System This section discusses the following Initial Setup Wizard Screen on page 9 Passwords on page 10 Network Interface on page 11 DNS on page 13 Time and Date on page 14 Verify Configuration on page 14 Finished on page 14 System Restart on page 15 Initial Setup Wizard Screen 007 5652 003 The initial Setup Wizard screen is the Introduction screen as shown in Figure 2 1 The box at the left of the screen shows the steps that will be covered in order by the Setup Wizard and your location within the steps 2 Initial System Setup File Edit View Go Bookmarks Tools Window Help a E v R LA ssi https sgiserver engr sgi

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SGI® Management Center for InfiniteStorage Administrator`s Guide