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1. Sharma Seminar Guides to take up READYBOOST as topic for my seminar presentation And in the last I indebted to my parents and my friends for their love support and encouragement in all my undertakings Finally I am thankful to the C S E department for their support and the useful and important suggestions for carrying out the work successfully Punit Gupta ABSTRACT One very cool feature of Windows Vista is ReadyBoost ReadyBoost enables you to plug a USB key into your machine and have Windows Vista use it as memory ReadyBoost is a component of Microsoft s Windows Vista operating system It works by using flash memory USB 2 0 drive SD card Compact Flash or any kind of portable flash mass storage system as a drive for disk cache Readyboost is also used to facilitate Super Fetch which performs analysis of boot time disk usage patterns and creates a cache which is used in subsequent system boots When you insert a device with this capability the AutoPlay dialog will offer you the option to speed up your system using Windows Readyboost If you select this option you can then choose how much memory to use for this purpose However there are some situations where you may not be able to use all of the memory on your storage device to speed up your computer TABLE OF CONTENTS Certificate Acknowledgement Abstract Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 2 Performance Chapter 3 ReadyBoost System Requ2. first it will be used for ReadyBoost and flash drive A will become a simple storage device However if flash drive B is removed the ReadyBoost function will be deactivated Flash drive A will remain as a simple storage device unless it is unplugged and plugged in again Simulation and response description Step 1 UFD A is plugged in before UFD B UFD A ReadyBoost is activated UFD B will be used as a storage device ReadyBoost file removed Step 2 UFD B is plugged in before UFD A UFD B ReadyBoost is activated and cache is recreated Now UFD A will be used as a storage device ReadyBoost file removed Step 3 Unplug UFD B and leave UFD A on the PC ReadyBoost is deactivated and UFD A is still a simple storage device Unplug UFD A and plug it in again to activate ReadyBoost CHAPTER 8 READYBOOST FAQ S Q When ReadyBoost file is being accessed what will happen when the flash drive is removed A Nothing The computer will not crash It will merely restore to its original speed For the flash drive ReadyBoost sfcache is only a temporary file and it will be accessed again when the flash drive is plugged in again Other files on the flash drive will not be affected as well Q Accidentally deleted ReadyBoost sfcache file on WinXP computer what will happen A Nothing Vista will record the ID and cache file size for every flash drive even if the ReadyBoost sfcache file is deleted The s
3. the way We concentrate on improving the performance of small random I Os like paging to and from disk Q What happens when you remove the drive A When a surprise remove event occurs and we can t find the drive we fall back to disk Again all pages on the device are backed by a page on disk No exceptions This isn t a separate page file store but rather a cache to speed up access to frequently used data Q Isn t user data on a removable device a security risk A This was one of our first concerns and to mitigate this risk we use AES 128 to encrypt everything that we write to the device Q Won t this wear out the drive A Nope We re aware of the lifecycle issues with flash drives and are smart about how and when we do our writes to the device Our research shows that we will get at least 10 years out of flash devices that we support Q Can use multiple devices for EMDs A Nope We ve limited Vista to one ReadyBoost per machine Q Why just one device A Time and quality Since this is the first revision of the feature we decided to focus on making the single device exceptional without the difficulties of managing multiple caches We like the idea though and it s under consideration for future versions Q Do you support SD CF memory stick MMC etc A Mostly In beta2 we added support for a small number of SD CF cards on internal USB2 amp PCle busses RC1 has a much broader support range Q Wh
4. A Seminar Report on READYBOOST Submitted to University of Rajasthan Jaipur In Partial Fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree Bachelor of Engineering In Computer Science Engineering Session 2005 2009 Guided By Submitted By Mr Sanjay Jain Punit Gupta Mr Ajay Saini 05 9258 Mr Rahul Sharma Lecturers Dept of Comp Engg Arya College of Engineering amp I T SP 42 RIICO Industrial Area Kukas Jaipur 303101 CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the Seminar entitled READYBOOST has been submitted to University of Rajasthan Jaipur by Punit Gupta 05 9258 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer Science Engineering Guided by Submitted To Mr Sanjay Jain Mr Akhil Pandey Mr Ajay Saini HOD Computer Engg Mr Rahul Sharma Lecturers Dept of Comp Engg ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Here I would like to take a moment to recognize all those who contribute greatly to this effort The basic beatitude bliss and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would not be complete without the expression of appreciation of simple virtues to the people who made it possible So with reverence honor I acknowledge all those guidance and encouragement has made successful completion of this seminar report I own my unlimited gratitude and thanks to Mr Sanjay Jain Mr Ajay Saini and Mr Rahul
5. d set the file length USER action set ReadyBoost cache 2GB Next UFD 1 is plugged into PC B PC B action determine Step 2 whether to open ReadyBoost or not and set the file length USER action set ReadyBoost cache 4GB Next plug UFD 1 back to PC A PC A action automatically Step 3 set ReadyBoost sfcache to 2GB Finally plug UFD 1 into PC B PC B action automatically set Step 4 ReadyBoost sfcache to 4GB CHAPTER 7 USING TWO FLASH DRIVES ON ONE COMPUTER Since only one flash drive can be used for ReadyBoost on a computer it is a first come first serve scenario Therefore when flash drive A is plugged into the computer it will be used for ReadyBoost When flash drive B is plugged into it will simply be a storage device without ReadyBoost The system will automatically remove any existing cache files on flash drive B to provide more space Date modified Type ILAND 1s ResdyBcoit Coch 1 06 S77 KB One modes Type Thes folder n erngty General Tools Harcmare manng Restina Custonae gt Rermcvabtle Disk G Properties Sotti WO pow Sree by vA Pe avalatie mace m te ever G A coche aready exis On Fi Mere remove Pe ahe fron hat drn betore crewing cache on tw drvce Fig When two flash drives are plugged into the computer at the same time Windows Vista will use the first flash drive F for ReadyBoost On the contrary if flash drive B is plugged into the computer
6. e activated 1 Too slow If the speed of the USB flash drive does not meet the minimum requirement the following screen will be shown Device Last Tested Of 16 2008 P3397 Pw Uy Stop retesting ts device when I plug itp Fig Please use a faster flash drive 2 Insufficient space If the flash drive is full of data and does not have at least 235MB of space ReadyBoost will not be activated as shown below At least of hee space ie reqared towne Ste device For speeding iy system To create additional of delete files fram the doves Fig Please remove unimportant files and try again CHAPTER 6 TWO COMPUTERS USING ONE USB FLASH DRIVE When computer A creates a 2GB ReadyBoost cache file on a flash drive the cache file will be deleted when the same flash drive is used in computer B Computer B will setup a new ReadyBoost cache file For example if you configured 4GB for cache on computer B and use the flash drive on computer A the ReadyBoost cache file on computer A will be reduced to 2GB The cache file will be set to 4GB again when the flash drive is used in computer B again After that both computers will record its computer IDs and file length settings on the flash drive Therefore the length of the ReadyBoost cache file will follow the subsequent computer setting Simulation and response description UFD 1 is plugged into PC A PC A action determine whether Step 1 to open ReadyBoost or not an
7. ed up my system AutoPlay _ PUNIT GUPTA D 7 General options Open folder to view files lorer F Speed up my system using Windows ReadyBoost Set AutoPlay defaults in Control Panel Fig AutoPlay dialog box displayed when a valid USB key inserted into a machine running Windows Vista Once we click the Speed up my system option the Properties dialog box for the device is displayed where we can specify to start stop ReadyBoost usage of the device and how much space we want used as a memory cache Actually according to one of the Product Specialists here this space is used more as a flash based page file than true RAM but the impact is that the more space you choose here the more benefit you ll get in terms of overall system performance PUNIT GUPTA D Properties General Tools Hardware Sharing ReadyBoost gs Speed up your system by utilizing the available space 5 on this device Do not use this device Use this device Space to reserve for system speed G soj w While the device is being used for system speed the reserved space will not be available for file storage Windows recommends reserving 1860 MB for optimal performance Please read our privacy statement online Fig The device Properties dialog box allows you to turn on off ReadyBoost for that device and to set the exact size of the cache In order to return to this dialog box open the Compu
8. ely no We ve set the perf requirements to the lowest possible throughput that still makes your system faster If we lowered the perf requirements then there wouldn t be a noticeable benefit to using ReadyBoost Remember we re not adding memory we re improving disk access Q Which manufacturers support ReadyBoost A Well I hope that all of them do eventually Right now we re working with manufacturers to create a program that will allow them to identify ReadyBoost capable devices on their packaging CONCLUSION Via Windows ReadyBoost Windows Vista can increase performances in correlation with a USB key Vista will use the USB Drive to compensate for memory shortage or to simply boost speed by creating a copy of the virtual memory on 230 MB free space on the flash drive Vista does not increase the system RAM on the machine but through ReadyBoost it stores information that is repeatedly accessed by the memory manager In this context the operating system accesses the data stored on the flash drive instead of randomly accessing the disk If you can get your hands on an Enhanced for Windows ReadyBoost flash drive you ll get better results Flash drives are always slower than hard disk for sequential reads so ReadyBoost only uses flash drives for random reads where hard disks are slow because of the time required to move the read head around No doubt flash drives that are designed specifically for ReadyBoost will be optimized
9. for random reads ReadyBoost creates a disk cache file ReadyBoost sfcache of the size you specify on flash memory which offers better performance for random reads than hard disks If you have an unused flash drive plug it in and set it up for ReadyBoost It won t hurt If you have a computer adding a ReadyBoost flash drive offers good bang for the buck REFERENCES 1 Tom Archer s Blog ReadyBoost Using Your USB Key to Speed Up Windows Vista htm 2 ReadyBoost Wikipedia the free encyclopedia htm 3 User Manual For Readyboost
10. in random access times typically around 1ms compared to 12ms and upwards for desktop hard drives On laptop computers the performance shifts more in the favor of flash memory laptop memory being priced relatively higher than that for desktop systems and with many laptops using relatively slow 4200 RPM and 5400 RPM hard drives Additionally on a laptop ReadyBoost caching can reduce hard drive access allowing the hard drive to spin down for increased battery life 8 Also because of the nature of the power management typically enabled during mobile use of a laptop it is a more power efficient way of increasing equipment productivity Prior to Vista Service Pack One SP1 ReadyBoost was quite ineffective when the computer laptop was put to sleep ReadyBoost failed to recognize the data in the cache and restarted the caching process when returned from sleep mode Vista SP1 addresses this problem CHAPTER 3 READYBOOST SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Before turning on ReadyBoost it is best to prepare a SD card or a USB drive with the following requirements Memory Capacity above 256MB required Windows Vista can set the cache file generated by ReadyBoost from 235MB to 4GB Hence the minimum required memory capacity for EMD needs to be at least 256 MB However the recommended memory capacity is 512MB since Readyboost requires that amount of memory in order to have a significant increase in processing speed USB 2 0 required USB 2 0 pro
11. irements Chapter 4 _ Installing Configuring the USB key as Memory Chapter 5 Why can t Readyboost be activated Chapter 6 Two computers using one USB Flash drive Chapter 7 Using two flash drives on one computer Chapter 8 Readyboost FAQ s Conclusion References CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW Using ReadyBoost capable flash memory for caching allows Windows Vista to service random disk reads with performance that is typically 80 100 times faster than random reads from traditional hard drives This caching applies to all disk content not just the page file or system DLLs Flash devices typically are slower than a hard disk for sequential I O so to maximize performance ReadyBoost includes logic that recognizes large sequential read requests and has the hard disk service these requests When a compatible device is plugged in the Windows AutoPlay dialog offers an additional option to use the flash drive to speed up the system an additional ReadyBoost tab is added to the drive s properties dialog where the amount of space to be used can be configured 250 MB to 4 GB of flash memory can be assigned Microsoft has stated that a 2 1 compression ratio is typical so that a 4 GB cache could contain upwards of 8 GB of data For a device to be compatible and useful it must conform to these requirements e The removable media s capacity must be at least 256 MB 250 MB after formatting The device s capacity may exceed 4 GB bu
12. t ReadyBoost only uses up to 4 GB e The device must have an access time of 1 ms or less e The device must be capable of 2 5 MB s read speeds for 4 KB random reads spread uniformly across the entire device and 1 75 MB s write speeds for 512 KB random writes spread uniformly across the device Other considerations e Vista SP1 s ReadyBoost supports NTFS FAT16 and FAT32 e The initial release of ReadyBoost for Windows Vista supports one device e Microsoft recommends the amount of flash memory for ReadyBoost acceleration be one to three times the amount of random access memory RAM in your computer CHAPTER 2 PERFORMANCE A system with 512 MB of RAM the bare minimum for Windows Vista can see significant gains from ReadyBoost In one test case ReadyBoost sped up an operation from 1 7 seconds to 2 seconds increasing physical memory from 512 MB to 1 GB reduced it to 0 8 seconds The core idea of ReadyBoost is that a flash drive has a much faster seek time less than 1 millisecond allowing it to satisfy requests faster than a hard disk when booting or reading certain system files It also leverages the inherent advantage of two parallel sources from which to read data Unfortunately USB flash drives are relatively slow for sequential reads and writes compared to modern desktop hard drives Desktop hard drives can sustain anywhere from 2 to 10 times the transfer speed of USB flash drives However USB flash drives hold an advantage
13. ter window right click the drive D in this case and select Properties From there click the ReadyBoost tab as shown in the screen capture and adjust the settings as needed PUNIT GUPTA D Properties Speed up your system by utilizing the available space on this device Do not use this device Use this device Space to reserve for system speed 1860 m While the device is being used for system speed the reserved space will not be available for file storage Windows recommends reserving 1860 MB for optimal performance Please read our privacy statement online Fig The device Properties dialog box allows you to turn on off ReadyBoost for that device and to set the exact size of the cache For the inquisitive opening the drive in an Explorer window reveals that ReadyBoost has created a cache file of the specified size After that a file called ReadyBoost sfcache will appear in the flash drive The system will now save and access data on the flash drive The user will gradually experience an improvement in system response speed gt Computer PUNIT GUPTA D Organize 2 Views aE tanks Artists Album Genre Rating E Documents 3 Pictures fe Music B Recently Changed ReadyBoost st Searches Public Fig ReadyBoost sfcache file in flash drive CHAPTER 5 WHY CAN T READYBOOST BE ACTIVATED There are two main reasons why ReadyBoost can t b
14. vides 480Mbps bandwidth which is the requirement for ReadyBoost Therefore your computer must be equipped with USB 2 0 ports and the memory devices you use have to be USB 2 0 compatible As for other memory devices such as CF SD MMC and MS the interface of the readers also needs to be USB 2 0 compatible Sufficient Read Write speed The memory device itself needs to have sufficient Read write speed specified by Microsoft standards According to Storage 0008 and Storage 0009 standards currently being outlined by WHQL for Removable Media Device the minimum requirements are as follows Storage 0008 Basic Level minimum requirement Random Read 4KB block gt 3 MB sec Random Write 512KB block gt 2 MB sec Above are the minimum requirements required to run ReadyBoost As for those who wish to use ReadyBoost in its maximum performance under Windows Vista Premium Ultimate you will need Storage 0009 Premium Level recommended Random Read 4KB block gt 5 MB sec Random Write 512KB block gt 3 MB sec CHAPTER 4 INSTALLING CONFIGURING THE USB KEY AS MEMORY First we took a standard USB 2 0 key and plugged it into the machine We have running Windows Vista Beta 2 Upon plugging the USB key into the computer the standard AutoPlay dialog box asking how you wanted to the operating system to treat the USB key However with ReadyBoost we get the additional option circled below in the screen capture of using the key to spe
15. why A Two possible reasons 1 The numbers measure sequential performance and we measure random We ve seen devices that have great sequential perf but horrible random 2 The performance isn t consistently fast across the entire device Some devices have 128M of lightning fast flash and the rest of the device is really slow This is fine for some applications but not ReadyBoost Q What s the largest amount of flash that I can use for ReadyBoost A You can use up to 4GB of flash for ReadyBoost which turns out to be 8GB of cache w the compression Q Why can t I use more than 4GB of flash A The FAT32 file system limits our ReadyBoost sfcache file to 4GB Q What s the smallest ReadyBoost cache that I can use A The smallest cache is 256MB well 250 after formatting Post beta2 we may drop it another 10 MB or so Q Ok 256M 4GB is a pretty big range any recommendations A Yes We recommend a 1 1 ratio of flash to system memory at the low end and as high as 2 5 1 flash to system memory Higher than that and you won t see much benefit Q Isn t this just putting the paging file onto a flash disk A Not really the file is still backed on disk This is a cache if the data is not found in the ReadyBoost cache we fall back to the HDD Q Aren t Hard Disks faster than flash My HDD has 80MB sec throughput A Hard drives are great for large sequential I O For those situations ReadyBoost gets out of
16. y don t you support SD on my USB2 0 external card reader A We unfortunately don t support external card readers there were some technical hurdles that we didn t have time to address In general if a card reader shows a drive without media in it like a floppy drive or CD ROM does we can t use it for ReadyBoost Q Will it support all USB drives regardless of how they are I d to the OS hard disk drive or Device with Removable Storage A We have no way to tell what is on the other end of a USB cable so we do some basic size checks since no one has a 200GB flash device and then perform our speed tests HDD will not however pass our speed tests and there is no benefit to using a USB HDD for ReadyBoost Q Can you use an mp3 player to speed up your system A Not currently MP3 players use the plays for sure interfaces to expose themselves to Windows We require that the device appear as a disk volume These aren t currently compatible Q How much of a speed increase are we talking about A Well that depends On average a RANDOM 4K read from flash is about 10x faster than from HDD Now how does that translate to end user perf Under memory pressure and heavy disk activity the system is much more responsive on a 4GB machine with few applications running the ReadyBoost effect is much less noticeable Q I can t get my device to work with ReadyBoost can I lower the perf requirements A Unfortunat
17. ystem will recreate or adjust the file according to prior configuration If space is insufficient on the flash drive the system will request to reconfigure the ReadyBoost file size Q When ReadyBoost is activated can I save or access other files on the flash drive A Of course File access on the flash drive will not conflict with ReadyBoost In the worst case the performance of ReadyBoost will reduce a bit Q Besides flash drives do memory cards or USB hard drives support ReadyBoost A ReadyBoost is able to support all kinds of EMD External Memory Device with USB interface Therefore any memory device that complies with ReadyBoost standard can be used Currently flash drive is the most convenient method to use ReadyBoost As for flash cards the speeds of CF SD MS xD cards and the readers must comply with ReadyBoost requirements Therefore in order to use ReadyBoost on flash cards both the cards and the readers must be fast enough In terms of USB hard drives or mini hard drives these storage devices are based on disks which still operate by mechanical behaviors Currently these devices do not meet the requirements of ReadyBoost Q What perf do you need on your device A 2 5MB sec throughput for 4K random reads and 1 75MB sec throughput for 512K random writes Q My device says 12MB sec or 133x or something else on the package but windows says that it isn t fast enough to use as a ReadyBoost device
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