User Manual … - Signal Forge
Contents
1. 26 5 27 CALIBRATION 28 EXTERNAL CONTROL CONNECTOR 29 Recommended Cables Connectors 29 External Connector Pin Description 30 GENERAL SAFETY AND WARRANTY INFORMATION 32 To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury 32 Warranty 32 SF1010E ru rrr nnn MM 33 Clock Requirements 33 Reconfiguring SF1010E to SF1010 33 POWER CONVERSION TABLES SOFTWARE UPDATE PROCEDURE PRODUCT LINE Table of Figures Figure 1 Front Panel Figure 2 Rear Panel Figure 3 EZ Wave Initialization Window Figure 4 Waveform Selection Window Figure 5 Fixed Frequency Window Figure 6 Sweep Waveform Window Figure 7 Arbitrary Waveform Window Figure 8 RF AC Coupled Output Driver Figure 9 Differential Output Driver Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 Figure 19 Figure 20 Figure 21 Figure 22 Digital Output Driver ASK Operation BPSK Operation Pulsed Chirp Operation FSK Ramped Modulation FSK T2. 15 OUTPUT 17 RF AC Coupled Output 17 Differential Output 18 Digital 18 OPERATING LIMITS 19 Output Signal Frequency 19 Waveform Modulation Limits 19 LIST Command Arbitrary Waveform 21 Hardware Limits 21 Hardware Tracking and Locking 21 Firmware Modulation Accuracy 21 WAVEFORM DESCRIPTIONG 22 Single Tone 22 22 ASK 22 BPSK 23 24 Pulsed Chirp Pulsed 24 FSK Ramped 25 FSK Triangle 25 FSK Unramped 26 OOK
3. 500 MHz to 1GHz Non Harmonics 100 KHz to 100 MHz 100 MHz to 500 MHz 500 MHz to 1GHz Clock feed through sssssss 20 dBc Hz 10 KHz Offset 60 dBc Hz 100 KHz 90 dBc Hz 1000 KHz Output Match VSWR 1 MHz to 7 2 lt 1 5 1 7 dBm output 7 MHZ to 1 2 lt 1 3 1 7dBm output Operating Note 0 C to 50 C Output ratings at 100 MHz 0 dBm output power and 25 C unless otherwise specified Note For maximum stability allow the SF1010 to warm up soak for 1 hour before use SF1010 USER MANUAL Connections Front Panel Connections SYNC FSK BPSK SIGNAL FORGE O O SE OOK Portable Signal Generator with Remote Control CHIRP 10987654321 N P RF zm Digital External Control TRIGGER Output Output Differential Outputs Figure 1 Front Panel Differential Outputs Two SMA connectors for driving the differential clock output LVPECL compatible 50 MHz to 1 GHz RF Output One SMA connector for sourcing the AC coupled unfiltered sine wave output with a frequency range of 1 KHz to 1 GHz The AC coupled output is capacitively connected to the output allowing the sine wave output to be floated at any level desired Digital Output BNC connector Digital voltage levels suppor
4. USB To connect your computer to the SF1010 via USB connection use an inline serial port to USB adapter A USB to serial adapter is available from the Signal Forge web site www signalforge com 11 SF1010 USER MANUAL 2 Install the EZ Wave software on your Windows PC Installation of EZ Wave entails simply copying the program to your desktop or a directory of your choice EZ Wave is compatible with all Windows operating systems except Windows 95 and NT Support includes Vista XP ME 98 Win2000 and Server 2003 Configure EZ Wave as follows Select any available COM port EZ Wave automatically configures the COM port for proper operation 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity no flow control baud rate 115 200 Using EZ Wave EZ Wave software is a Windows based application compatible with all Windows operating systems except Windows 95 and NT support includes Vista XP ME 98 Win2000 and Server 2003 EZWave provides easy control of the SF1010 without the need for custom programming The SF1010 should first be connected to your computer and turned on then delay a few seconds until the LED stops blinking Start EZ Wave select any available COM port and the main menu is displayed The current output state of the SF1010 is displayed along the bottom bar of the main screen Click on the nitialize button and the programming options on the main menu become active Note that the screens are organized such that only the options
5. Modify Frequency ASK Amplitude Modulation None Modulation signal frequency Extemal Intemal PWM Signal Modulation signal duty cycle 13 3dM 9 BPSK Phase Modulation None Modulation signal frequency O Internal PWM Signal Modulation signal duty cycle OOK On Off Modulation None Modulation signal frequency Intemal PWM Signal Modulation signal duty cycle Generator State RF output 12dBm 1 000hz SF1010 USER MANUAL Figure 5 Fixed Frequency Window The following figure is the Sweep Waveform window It illustrates grayed out operations that cannot be enabled until the waveform is started As indicated by sweep waveforms that require multiple steps require user entry flow from top to bottom EE Sweep Waveform C Trigger TRIG input enabled RF output 12dBm TRIG Input Signal Risingedge High level Falingedge Low level Start using this mode 7 BiDirectional Freerun C Move from Stop towards Start Frequency Range 1 000 1 000 000 000 Step SYNC toggles each step Start frequency 1 000 Y HZ J Single sweep Stop frequency 102 000 000 Sweepdwel 1 000 000 000 NS meum 100 000 Step frequency Update status every seconds Current frequency 1 501 000hz Generator State RF output Figure 6 Sweep Waveform Window Arbitrary Waveform Configuration The Arbitrary Modulation selection allows y
6. Note SF1020 and SF1010 DO NOT support the 1800M or the 2500M RF Frequency Expansion Module 38 SF1010 USER MANUAL Ordering Information Buy Online Products may be purchased directly from the Signal Forge web site at www signalforge com EZ Wave and EZ Terminal software may be downloaded for free from the Products page of the Signal Forge web site If you have a problem downloading the software send a request to sales signalforge com and a copy of the requested software Will be sent to you via email Purchase Orders Purchase Orders may be submitted via email to sales signalforge com or fax to 512 275 3735 Quotes If you require a quote please send a request for quote to Signal Forge sales at sales signalforge com or call 512 275 3733 option 1 For a complete description pricing and ordering information visit the Product page of the Signal Forge web site www signalforge com 39 40 41 SIGNAL FORGE LLC SF1010 User Manual v3 04 2115 Saratoga Drive Austin TX 78733 Phone 512 275 3733 Fax 512 275 3735 www signalforge com 2009 Signal Forge LLC Signal Forge SF1000 SF1010 SF1020 Battery Powered Signal Generator are Trademarks of Signal Forge LLC All rights reserved All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners 42
7. not FREQuency even though the full name is shown in the manual for clarity Literal parameters may be sent using the short or long version and are always returned in the short version Youcan use upper or lower case characters for the path and literal parameters Upper case is always returned SCPI numeric value is different from the lt NRf gt format because it allows literals This instruments allows all value parameters to use a query with parameter MINimum or MAXimum to query the min max legal value such as FREQ FIX MIN Unit suffixes are ignored the UNITs subsystem is not supported Frequencies are hertz time is nanoseconds power is dBm voltage is volts phase is degrees 16 SF1010 USER MANUAL Output Types The SF1010 provides three different output types AC Coupled Differential Digital All outputs have a resolution of 1Hz When an output type is selected all other output types are automatically disabled e g when AC Coupled is selected the TTL output is tri stated and the differential output is at 0 MHz RF AC Coupled Output The output driver of the RF AC Coupled signal source provides a nominal 50 Ohm output impedance the output driver implementation is described in the drawing below AC coupled output is capacitively connected to the output allowing the sine wave output to be floated at any level desired 50 ohms trace 5 p CONNECTOR MMIC S
8. External Connector Pin Description TRIGGER The input signal used to trigger operations as described above DIFF OOK The differential clock output supports OOK for the frequency range of 50 MHz to 1 GHz This input pin controls the differential output driving this pin low will stop the differential output By default this pin is set to a high state FSK BPSK For FSK waveforms this pin allows the user to shift the frequency output as defined previously For BPSK waveforms this pin selects between phase 1 and phase 2 and as defined previously TX MOD This is the TX output from the internal Auxiliary UART port The Wave Manager software provides support for this UART port on the Auxiliary UART Menu under the Modify Active Menu entry The user can connect this output using the appropriate filtering interface to the OOK or FSK external control pins of the SF1010 and create UART data modulated waveforms if so desired SE OOK The SF1010 supports OOK On Off Keying for the AC Coupled output in frequency range of 100 KHz to 100 MHz only This input pin provides for external control of the output placing this pin low stops the output of the SF1010 This pin is normally set to a high state ASK This control pin allows you to modulate the AC Coupled output in order to implement an externally controlled Asynchronous Shift Keying When this pin is driven low the AC coupled output will be attenuated by 16 dB over the full output power when the sign
9. o frequency step size full frequency range o Sweep dwell time 115 us 4 minutes LIST Command Arbitrary Waveform Operating State Limits LIST FAST OFF all components 30us 1 677 seconds LIST FAST ON component FREQuency 10 5us 1 677 seconds component PHASe 7us 1 677 seconds component POWer 5us 1 677 seconds component FM OM or PM 5us 1 677 seconds Table 1 LIST Arbitrary Dwell Times Note that EZWave requires a minimum of 30us per point The table lists the instrument capability Hardware Limits Parameter Limits Trigger In min high low time 1us SYNC output signal min high low time 200ns Table 2 Hardware Limits Hardware Tracking and Locking Output and Range Maximum Track Lock Time TTL any frequency Oms Oms single ended range 1 Oms Oms 1khz 102mhz single ended range 2 1ms 5ms 102mhz 1Ghz differential ims 5ms Table 3 Tracking and Lock Time Track time is the rate at which the agile reference frequency can be followed by a downstream PLL It defines the maximum ramp rate for operations like FSK sweep and chirp Lock time is similar to track time but adds time for the frequency to settle the frequency moves back and forth until it finally settles The lock times above are for the completely settled frequency Firmware Modulation Accuracy Firmware modulati
10. allowable for the selected waveform and output type are displayed making the software easy to learn and navigate EE EZWave Macros History Options Help Generator State RF output output is OFF Figure 3 EZ Wave Initialization Window When you select the type of waveform you wish to setup a configuration window will popup and display the configuration options available for the selected waveform 12 SF1010 USER MANUAL Macros History Options Fixed Frequency ASK BPSK OOK Sweep FSK Non ramped Chirp FSK Ramped Arbitrary FSK Triangle Generator State Reset performed output is OFF Figure 4 Waveform Selection Window Many of the changes made to a waveform result in an automatic change in the output of the SF1010 Exceptions are windows that have a Start button in which case the changes do not take effect until Start is clicked Changes made on the Output and FSK Mux window take effect when the Close button is clicked At all times the current output of the SF1010 is displayed on the bottom bar of the configuration windows Note Any configuration option grayed out is not available for the waveform modulation and output type selected The following figure is the Fixed Frequency window It includes all operations that can be performed while outputting a steady frequency 8 Fixed Frequency Waveform Output and F5Kmux Current Frequency 1 000 RF output 12dBm Frequency Range 1 000 1 000 000 000
11. and defining their effect SCPI 1999 0 Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI is the new instrument command language for controlling instruments that goes beyond IEEE 488 2 to address a wide variety of instrument functions in a standard manner SCPI promotes consistency from the remote programming standpoint between instruments of the same class and between instruments with the same functional capability For a given measurement function such as frequency or voltage SCPI defines the specific command set that is available for that function SCPI Conformance Information Unless otherwise specified commands and queries are performed as described by the SCPI standard The response for commands not queries is not SCPI compliant A SCPI command response normally consists only of a terminator This instrument first sends a one character 0 9 to indicate the number of errors in the error queue See the protocol section for specifics For complete programming information refer to the SCPI Programmers Manual which may be downloaded from the Support page of the Signal Forge Web site To obtain a hardcopy of the manual send a request to Signal Forge at sales signalforge com SF1010 USER MANUAL Specifications Frequency Range RF AC coupled Output 1 KHz 1 GHz Digital Output eee eneee 1Hz 110 MHz Differential 50 MHz to 1 GHz Frequenc
12. screen will display the download status during download and will re start the signal generator when completed When the generator re starts wait up to 10 seconds for the LED to stop blinking before executing any commands 37 SF1010 USER MANUAL Product Line Model Number Description SF1000 Signal Forge 1000 Portable Signal Generator with embedded Wave Manager software SF1000E Signal Forge 1000E Portable Signal Generator driven by an external reference with embedded Wave Manager software SF1010 Signal Forge 1010 Portable Signal Generator with SCPI Programming Interface SF1010E Signal Forge 1010E Portable Signal Generator with SCPI Programming Interface driven by external reference SF1020 Signal Forge 1020 Battery Powered Signal Generator 1800M RF Expansion Module 950 MHz to 1 8 GHz Frequency Band Add on to the SF1000 signal generators 2500M RF Expansion Module 1 5 GHz to 2 6 GHz Frequency Band Add on to the SF1000 signal generators EZ Wave Remote control software for the SF1010 and SF1010E Free download EZTerminal EZ Terminal Serial Communication Software for SF1000 Free download SF BRK 1U Rack Mount Bracket Holds 3 SF800 1000 s and attaches to a standard 19 chassis Cable 6 Serial Cable DB9 Male to DB9 Female 6Ft USB Adapter USB 2 0 to DB9 Serial converter with 2 5ft cable Plug and play USB Type A male to D 9 male Table 8 Signal Forge Product Line
13. the SYNC output high or low ASK Outputs Supported RF Modulation Options Internal PWM signal fixed frequency with user specified duty cycle using the Fixed Frequency Window Internal under software control using the Arbitrary Waveform window 22 SF1010 USER MANUAL External control enabled in the Fixed Frequency Window ASK signal low selects the lower power Amplitude shift keying ASK is a form of modulation that represents digital data as variations in the amplitude power of a carrier wave The amplitude of an analog carrier signal varies in accordance with the bit stream modulating signal keeping frequency and phase constant The amplitude level can be used to represent binary logic Os and 1s The ASK operations described here are selected in the Fixed Frequency window and the output is modulated using two power levels 16dB apart The Arbitrary Waveform window can be used to perform arbitrary amplitude modulation and is not limited to two power levels Internal ASK Operation From the Fixed frequency window select internal modulation Use the control slider to select the desired high low power combination If lower power output is needed an external attenuator such as the Mini Circuits Inline BW SXW2 Series Precision Fixed Attenuator is recommended External ASK Operation From the Fixed frequency window select external modulation Use the control slider to select the desired high low power c
14. 50mV 796mV 98 1 58 mW 1 dBm 250 89mV 0 55 1 26mW 0 dBm 223 61 mV 632mV 100mW 1 dBm 199 29mV 282mV 10 7943 mW 177 62mV 502mV 251 0 6800mW 2 dBm 3 dBm 158 30 448mV 224mV 10 5011 mW 4 dBm 141 09 mV 399mV 033981mW 5 dBm 12574mV 56mV 178mV 03162mW 6 dBm 11207mV 317mV 158mV J 02511mW 7 dBm 99 88 mV 283mV 141mV 0 1995 mW 8 dBm 89 02 mV 252mV 126mV 0 1584mW 9 dBm 79 34 mV 224mV i12mV 0 1258mW vi a UJ 3 35 SF1010 USER MANUAL 70 71 mV 200 mV 100 mV 63 02 mV 178 mV 89 mV 56 15 mV 159 mV 79 mV Table 7 RF Power Conversion Table Figure 22 Voltage Definitions 36 0 1000 mW 0 0794 mW 0 0631 uW SF1010 USER MANUAL Appendix Software Update Procedure The embedded firmware may be updated by the user as new revisions become available by following the procedure below Note that all output activity will be suspended while the software update is in process Software updates are posted to the Support page of the Signal Forge web site http www signalforge com home sf1 support main html Procedure 1 Download the desired revision The filename format is SF1010 dwn X Y where X is the version and Y the revision 2 Start EZWave and select Options then Download Firmware 3 Selectthe file you received from Signal Forge and the download will begin Downloading should take1 3 minutes The
15. F1020 Figure 8 RF AC Coupled Output Driver 17 SF1010 USER MANUAL Differential Output The outputs of the differential driver conform to the LVPECL standard The driver and the recommended method of interfacing to it are described in the drawing below This differential driver is designed to work in 50 Ohm systems The rise and fall times for the differential outputs are 175ps min to 425ps max 2096 to 8096 measure with a 50 Ohm load 5 t 500hms gt Receiver eee 2 P d 50 Ohms 4 ps 34 Vir 1 3V Figure 9 Differential Output Driver P dd 5 3 t Digital Output The following block diagram shows the implementation of the programmable TTL output buffer The rise and fall times for the rise and fall times for the digital output are 1 2ns 0 7V to 2 0V max 22 Ohms 12mA Vout Control lo 12mA 1 8V 2 5V 3 3V Figure 10 Digital Output Driver 18 SF1010 USER MANUAL Operating Limits Output Signal Frequency RF output 1 KHz to 1 GHz Differential output 50 MHz to 1 GHz Digital output 1Hz 110 MHz Waveform Modulation Limits When the modulating signal frequency is listed as Common Modulation Rates this means the modulation can be performed using hardware or via the arbitrary waveform method When using hardware simply enter the frequency value to control the modulation When using the arbitrary wave
16. Hz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz o Step frequency 1 Hz 100 MHz o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates FSKUnramped FSK Unramped Output Frequency Bands RF 1 Hz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz o Min step frequency 1Hz o Max step frequency full range of each frequency band o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates FSK Triangle FSK Triangle Output Frequency Bands RF 1 Hz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz o Step frequency 1 Hz 100 MHz o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates OOK OOK Output Frequency Range RF 1 MHz to 100 MHz Digital not supported Differential 50 MHz to 1 GHz o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates Sweep Sweep Output Frequency Range RF 1 KHz to 1 GHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 1 GHz 20 SF1010 USER MANUAL Sweep operates over the entire frequency range of each output type o Min frequency step size 1Hz
17. RRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IN NO EVENT SHALL SIGNAL FORGE BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 32 SF1010E Clock Requirements The SF1010E is designed to operate using an external 10 MHz source as its reference clock The external clock should be attached to the BNC connector on the rear panel labeled 10 MHz Clock The SF1010E will not operate without this external reference clock source The 10 MHz external reference input clock must meet the following guidelines 2 6V Min VOH 33V Max 0 00V Min V 0 65V Max OV Figure 20 FSK Control Pin Operation If you have any questions please contact Signal Forge Technical Support at support signalforge com or 512 275 3733 Reconfiguring SF1010E to SF1010 The SF1010E may be converted to an SF1010 by changing internal jumper settings as described below Converting an SF1010E to an SF1010 enables the internal TCXO clock source eliminating need for an external source The conversion requires that the strap on jumpers J3 and J5 be reposition as indicated below J5 Source Used Model 1 2 Internal TCXO SF1010 2 3 External 10Mhz SF1010E Table 6 Configuration Jumpers Procedure Remove the two rear panel screws Slide the top cover off away from the front panel Change the jumpers as indicated to enable or disable th
18. SIGNAL FORGE SIGNAL FORGE 1010 PORTABLE SIGNAL GENERATOR WITH REMOTE CONTROL User Manual Technical Support Email Support signalforge com Phone 512 275 3733 option 2 Contact Information Web www signalforge com Customer Service and Sales Email Sales signalforge com Phone 512 275 3733 option 1 Fax 512 275 3735 Address Signal Forge LLC 2115 Saratoga Drive Austin TX 78733 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION MM 6 Features 6 Applications 7 Programming Interface 7 SCPI Conformance Information 7 SPECIFICATIONS 8 CONNECTIONG TT 10 Front Panel Connections 10 Rear Panel Connections 11 GETTING STARTED 11 Power Adapter 11 Connecting the SF1010 to Your Computer 11 Using EZ Wave 12 Creating MacroS 15 Custom Programming 15 Quick 1
19. al is high Note The ASK control pin is the only control pin that does not have a GND pin as its opposite Any other GND pin on the External Control connector may be used instead SYNC An output that goes high and low as described under the operations that use SYNC SYNC can be used to trigger an external device Note As described above the SF1010 gives you the ability to control the output frequency using external control pins Each one of the control pins has a low pass filter placed at its input except for the Trigger pin The low pass filter has a 3 dB cutoff point of 150 KHz The input signals must be driven by 3 3V compatible signals and be referenced to the SF1010 GND any of the GND pins of the 20 pin header Input impedance is 2K ohms 30 SF1010 USER MANUAL The External Control inputs are 3 3V 5V tolerant and include a certain level of protection as described in the following block diagram 3 3V A RE Diode A Protection Input bA Figure 18 External Control Pin Filter The Figure below gives an example of external control of a waveform In the example chosen an external signal controls the FSK signal pin of the SF1010 FSK Pin Frequency 2 Frequency 1 Start TIME Figure 19 FSK Control Pin Operation 31 SF1010 USER MANUAL General Safety and Warranty Information Review the following safety precautions to avoid i
20. be checked 1 year intervals to determine if the carrier frequency needs to be calibrated Be aware that modulation depth modulation frequency and output level are not adjustable The output level may be adjusted using external amplifiers or attenuators Procedure Calibration should take place in an environment in which the temperature is the same as the temperature at which the unit will be used Note If you have an E model either attach an external clock source or reconfigure it so that the internal clock source is enabled Power up the SF1010 for 1 hour prior to calibration to allow for temperature soak 2 Connect the SF1010 to an accurate frequency counter 3 Startup EZWave and select the Options submenu then Calibration Select the TTL or the AC coupled output 4 Setthe frequency to one of the displayed values 1 MHz 10 MHz or 100 MHz 10 MHz is used at the factory for initial calibration 5 Click on Start Calibration Wait 10 seconds or more depending on your counter then enter the frequency displayed on the external frequency counter into the space provided on the calibration menu Then click on Complete Calibration to save the User calibration To use the new calibration select User in the Calibration Used box You can go back to the factory calibration by selecting Factory The difference between the frequency counter reading and the frequency setting is used to calibrate the device The cali
21. bration information is stored in non volatile memory loaded at power up and used until the device is calibrated again 28 SF1010 USER MANUAL External Control Connector The SF1010 provides ten 2 pin connectors labeled External Control on the front panel These connectors enable you to control several modulation functions such as frequency shift keying FSK or On Off Keying OOK The function assignments are listed below POSITION NAME bottom row 1 SYNC 2 DIFF OOK 3 FSK BPSK 4 TX MOD 5 SE OOK 6 Reserved 7 15V 8 15V 9 Reserved 10 Reserved Table 5 External Control Header Pinout SF1010 POSITION top row 2 C0 rTo 10 9 7 6 5 Row 9 Oo Bottom Row External Control Figure 17 External Control Header Pin Locations Recommended Cables Connectors NAME TRIGGER GND GND GND GND GND ASK GND GND GND You may attach either a 20 pin connector and cable assembly to a entire External Control block or individual 2 pin assemblies to control a single function The recommended connector are 20 connector and cable assembly P N M3AAA 2006J ND 29 SF1010 USER MANUAL 2 pin connector housing and contacts may be used to connect to individual control positions o 2 housing P N A26921 ND o Contacts 2 required P N A26951 ND The connectors and cables may be purchased from www Digi Key com
22. commands in ASCII text that are sent to the SF1010 over an RS 232 serial connection SCPI support is described in a separate SCPI Programmers Manual available for download from the Support page of the Signal Forge web site www signalforge com EZWave is a Microsoft Windows compatible program that operates as the front panel of the generator It graphically incorporates almost all of the generator functions into logical operations such as sweep and FSK EZWave has many advanced features for normal lab use and features to assist those writing their own control program For example a command capture feature displays the messages sent between the host PC and the signal generator Features The SF010 supports the following features SCPI programming interface for integration with LabView or other test environments 1 Hzto 1 GHz frequency range AC coupled Digital and Differential outputs Sine wave V square wave ASK BPSK CHIRP FSK OOK SWEEP modulation modes Arbitrary user specified modulation combines ASK BPSK FSK and OOK Trigger input for chirp sweep and arbitrary modulation control SYNC output for triggering on frequency steps chirp sweep arbitrary Alert message signals end of chirp sweep or arbitrary point step Auto Start a power up macro feature ideal for PC free test operation Signal stability of 1ppm and accuracy of 4ppm Small portable package 8 5in x 5 4i
23. e internal TCXO Reassemble 33 SF1010 USER MANUAL The drawing below shows the location of the jumpers Jojoeuuo c c SH Jojoeuuoo yms JOMOd 2 po9 Figure 21 SF1010 to SF1010E Jumper Positions 34 OZOLAS Jo Je94 SF1010 USER MANUAL Appendix Power Conversion Tables The Signal Forge 1010 Signal Generator provides a power output range of 7dBm to 13 dBm This range is adjustable in 1dB increments Units of dBm are decibels relative to 1 mW of power hence 0 dBm equals 1 mW 1 100 mW is 20 dBm and 100 mW is 20 dBm Power values less than 1 mW are always negative dBm values and power values greater than 1 mW are always positive The power formulas are listed below P dBm 10 log10 P mW P mW 10 P dBm 10 The table below translates between dBm Volts and Watts within the power range of the SF1010 dBm VoltSnus VoltSpeak peak VoltSpeak Watts 12 dBm 890 19 mV 2518mV 259 1585mW 793 39 2244mV t122mv 1259mW 10 dBm 707 11mV 2000mV 1000mv 10 0mW 9 dBm 930 21 mV 1316mv J 794mW B dBm 561 67mV 15898mV 794mV 631 7 dBm 500 59 mV 1416mv 708mV 6 dBm 446 15 mV H262mV 631 398 dBm 397 004mV 1125bmV 56 3416mW 4 dBm 354 39 mV 1002mv 01 J 251mW 3 dBm 315 85 mV 893mV 447mV 200mW 2 dBm 281
24. ement the macro This is useful if you are developing your own control program for informational reasons and because you can copy the command sequence to your source Custom Programming Quick Facts This instrument closely follows the SCPI standard IEEE 488 1990 0 with a few minor differences This section provides quick tips that will help someone already familiar with SCPI to get started quickly For complete programming information refer to the SCPI Programmer s Manual for the SF1010 which maybe downloaded from the Support page of Signal Forge web site The SF1010 supports the following features The COM port is fixed at 115200 baud 8 bits 1 stop no parity Multiple command statements are not allowed use one command or query per statement normal response to a command is lt char gt lt linefeed gt where char is one ASCII character 0 through 9 that indicates the number of errors in the error queue 15 SF1010 USER MANUAL The response to a query is ASCII text gt lt linefeed gt ASCII text gt does not include a terminating null character ASCII text gt does not include quotes unless otherwise stated e g SYS ERR NEXT query has quotes but IDN does not response to an unknown command query is an empty string just a lt linefeed gt This is the only case where an empty string is sent as a response so it always indicates an error Paths only use the short version e g FREQ
25. form window the process is slightly longer because you must program two data points The Common Modulation Rates are 2 5 KHZ 500 KHz performed by hardware from the Fixed Frequency window Q 6Hz 33 3 KHz performed by software from the Arbitrary Waveform window and the duty cycle for hardware is 2 98 duty cycle range is reduced nearing the maximum frequency Arbitrary Arbitrary Output Frequency Bands RF 1 Hz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 102 MHz 98 MHz to 204 MHz 196 MHz to 408 MHz 392 MHz to 816 MHz 784 MHz to 1 GHz o Min step frequency 1Hz o step frequency Full frequency band range o Dwell time 30 us to 1 677 seconds 0 6Hz to 33 3KHz ASK ASK Output Frequency Range RF 1KHz to 102MHz Digital not supported Differential not supported o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates BPSK BPSK Output Frequency Range RF 1 KHz to 102 MHz Digital not supported Differential not supported 19 SF1010 USER MANUAL o Modulation signal Common Modulation Rates CHIRP CHIRP Output Frequency Range RF 1 KHz to 110 MHz Digital 1 Hz to 110 MHz Differential 49 MHz to 1 GHz o Step frequency 1 Hz to 100 MHz o Chirp pulse time 7 us to 4 minutes o First frequency hold time 5 us to 4 minutes o Last frequency hold time 5 us to 4 minutes FSK Ramped FSK Ramped Output Frequency Bands RF 1 Hz to 102 MHz 98 M
26. l and is used for testing low data rate applications such as IEEE 802 110 wireless LAN standard BPSK is also suitable for testing low cost passive transmitters such as those used in the RFID standards which have been adopted for biometric passports credit cards and other applications ZigBee devices which operate in the 868 915 MHz frequency band also employ BPSK Due to synchronization the phase changes are not instantaneous but the user can inspect the timing and adjust the phase values if compensation is desired 360 PHASE TIME Figure 12 BPSK Operation Chirp Output types All Options Triggered start of each chirp external signal or button A typical chirp ramps the output frequency for a specified time waits for a specified time may be 0 then starts over This instrument adds a third state where the initial chirp frequency can be held for a specified period of time A rising or falling chirp is allowed If the external trigger is not enabled the SYNC output is high during the pulse phase when the frequency is changing When doing continuous chirp no delay between chirps the SYNC signal is low for less than 1us If the external trigger signal is enabled the SYNC signal is only high when waiting on a trigger to start a chirp Pulsed Chirp Pulsed FM The pulsed chirp waveform ramps the output from frequency 1 to frequency 2 over a specified time idles a specified time jumps back to frequency 1 the
27. n idles a specified time until the next chirp A rising increasing frequency or falling descending frequency chirp is allowed In the following figure Idle 1 phase is called Last Frequency Hold Time in EZWave while Idle 2 phase is called First Frequency Hold Time a pulse time b idle1 phase C idle2 phase Frequency Time 24 SF1010 USER MANUAL Figure 13 Pulsed Chirp Operation FSK Ramped Output types All Modulation Options direction control Internal PWM signal fixed frequency with user specified duty cycle using the Fixed Frequency Window nternal under software control using the Arbitrary Waveform window External control enabled in the Fixed Frequency Window FSK BPSK signal low causes the frequency to move towards the slower frequency The FSK Ramped waveform varies the output frequency within a specified range The delta frequency and dwell time specify the ramp characteristics how fast the ramp occurs Frequency control can be done internally or externally The user would normally select a modulating frequency and duty cycle such that the ramp has time to complete i e If the FSK signal changes before the ramp is complete then you will not have reached full range See drawing below Modulating Frequency Frequency2 F Ramp Rate amp Delta Freq Frequency 1 a TIME Figure 14 FSK Ramped Modulation FSK Triangle Output
28. n x 2 5in SF1010 USER MANUAL Applications The SF1010 s portable size and wide frequency range are ideal for numerous field test applications such as nstalling and maintaining in building wireless networks and cellular phone systems Digital output in sweep mode can be used to test setup and hold of digital systems ICs and circuit boards up to 110 MHz Differential output can used to test digital systems ICs and circuit boards up to 1 GHz Programmable clock generator Testing IF and RF sections of receivers as well as the mobile bands up to 1 GHz and some telemetry bands Test amplifiers for gain and for the 1 dB compression point Portable bench top and ATE system applications Local Oscillator L O source Receiver calibration FSKand frequency sweep may be used to test FM receivers exciter Testlow frequency filters down to 1 Hz BPSK may be used to test low data rate applications such as IEEE 802 11g wireless LAN standard RFID and Zigbee devices Programming Interface The SF1010 s instrument programming interface complies with the IEEE488 2 and SCPI 1999 0 standards IEEE488 2 2004 Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation describes how to send commands to instruments and how to send responses to controllers It defined some frequently used housekeeping commands explicitly but each instrument manufacturer was left with the task of naming any other types of command
29. njury and prevent damage to this product or any products connected to it To avoid potential hazards use this product only as specified Only qualified service personnel should perform service procedures To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury Use Proper Power Adapter Use only the power module provided with this product Connect and Disconnect Properly Do not connect or disconnect external header pin leads while they are connected to a voltage source turn the SF1010 and external control logic simultaneously Observe All Terminal Ratings Consult the product manual for ratings information before making connections to the product Do Not Operate Without Cover Do not operate this product with the cover removed Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures If you suspect there is damage to this product have it inspected by qualified service personnel Operate Within Operating Range No not operate this product outside the operating ranges specified on the manual Do not operate in Wet Damp Conditions Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmosphere Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry Warranty Signal Forge warrants that the products that it manufactures and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the date of shipment If a product proves defective within the respective period Signal Forge will repair or replacement the product without charge EXCEPT AS PROVIDED HEREIN SIGNAL FORGE MAKES NO WA
30. off keying OOK is a modulation scheme in which the carrier signal is turned on and off OOK is similar to 2 level Amplitude Shift Keying ASK On off keying OOK modulation represents digital data as the presence or absence of a carrier wave The presence of a carrier for a specific duration represents a binary one while its absence for the same duration represents a binary zero OOK may be been used to transfer data using RF carrier waves It is also used in optical communication systems such as infared data transfer interfaces e g IrDA In aviation some airports have equipment that let pilots key their VHF radio a number of times in order to request an Automatic Terminal Information Service broadcast or turn on runway lights Sweep Output types All Sweep is similar to FSK ramped operation but with many more features Sweep operates under firmware control and supports Larger dwell times than FSK up to 4 minutes Triggered operation Bi directional sweep Dynamic pause direction change single step and jump to a frequency SYNC output signal can use to trigger on start of sweep or each step When a sweep range completes it starts over at the first frequency 27 SF1010 USER MANUAL Calibration The SF1010 supports factory and user calibration You can determine the current selection by opening the calibration window from the main window Options submenu Calibration Interval The signal generator should
31. ombination The ASK control pin on the External Control connector block on the front panel is used as an arbitrary modulation source to control the output signal power A low signal selects the lower power setting To control ASK externally using the External Control header on the front panel Connect your ASK controller to the top pin at position 7 of the External Control header The bottom pin of location 7 should be left open Use the top pin at location 6 for a GND return connection The input control signal maximum voltage is 5V the SF800 1000 input is 5V tolerant Apply proper filtering to the ASK control pin to avoid excessive overshoot or undershoot due to long traces for example The drawing below illustrates ASK operation Carrier Amplitude External Control Signal Figure 11 ASK Operation BPSK Output types RF from 1 KHz to 102 MHz Digital TTL Modulation Options Internal PWM signal fixed frequency with user specified duty cycle using the Fixed Frequency Window Internal under software control using the Arbitrary Waveform window External control enabled in the Fixed Frequency Window FSK BPSK input signal low selects phase 0 The BPSK binary or bipolar phase shift keying waveform outputs a single frequency that quickly changes between two phase offsets The offset can be programmed from 1 to 259 degrees but is normally 180 23 SF1010 USER MANUAL BPSK modulates at 1bit symbo
32. on accuracy depends on the operation performed as shown in the following table 21 SF1010 USER MANUAL Operation Accuracy Chirp pulse idle 1 and idle 2 times 21 second accuracy is 1 100000 1 second portion accuracy is 1 256 under 100us accuracy 500ns Sweep dwell time same as chirp LIST dwell time accuracy is 1 256 under 100us accuracy 500ns Table 4 Firmware Modulation Accuracy Waveform Descriptions The SF1010 provides a wide range of waveform modulation functions from which you can create a variety of waveforms Numerous waveform modifiers may be applied to customize the output to meet your specific testing needs The waveforms modifiers and options are configured using the EZWave software Single Tone The Single Tone waveform outputs a continuous tone at the user selected output frequency Use the Fixed Frequency window to output single tones Output types All Arbitrary Outputs Supported All Arbitrary waveforms are programmed using the Arbitrary Waveform window The user specifies the operations to perform at each point with each point occurring at fixed or programmable intervals Any number of points up to the specified maximum can be created with each point specifying any combination of frequency phase or power Each point can specify a dwell time how long the point executes Control operations can be specified for each point and include waiting for a trigger or setting
33. ou to specify waveform modulation using the parameters available on the Arbitrary Waveform window You specify what operation is to be performed at each point of a sequence e g output a new frequency wait for a trigger Your sequence can be saved to a file and loaded whenever you want to run the same sequence again See the Arbitrary Modulations and Arbitrary Waveforms chapter below for information on creating an Arbitrary Modulation file 14 SF1010 USER MANUAL EE Arbitrary LIST Waveform Configure Output Load from Macro Port Frequency Range Digital Voltage RF single ended 1 110 000 000 1 8 volts FAST mode Differential 25 volts peration Components Digital 33 volts C Dwell C Frequency Power External FSK BPSK OOK g C Phase RF output power 11 dBm Control Components SYNC output TRIG Input Signal C Trigger button 9 Rising edge High level Trigger input signal Falling edge Q Low level Edit Update Status v Update status every seconds Reset Recover Generator State Reset performed output is OFF Figure 7 Arbitrary Waveform Window Creating Macros Macros may be created for each for each waveform and modulation type enabling you to automate a complete test process Create a macro by clicking the Make a Macro button on the appropriate window Clicking on the View SCPI Commands button displays a list of the commands that are sent to impl
34. riangle Modulation FSK Unramped Modulation External Control Header Pin Locations External Control Pin Filter FSK Control Pin Operation FSK Control Pin Operation SF1010 to SF1010E Jumper Positions Voltage Definitions 10 11 12 13 14 14 15 17 18 18 23 24 25 25 26 26 29 31 31 33 34 36 Table of Tables Table 1 LIST Arbitrary Dwell Times Table 2 Hardware Limits Table 3 Tracking and Lock Time Table 4 Firmware Modulation Accuracy Table 5 External Control Header Pinout Table 6 Configuration Jumpers Table 7 RF Power Conversion Table Table 8 Signal Forge Product Line 21 21 21 22 29 33 36 38 SF1010 USER MANUAL Introduction The Signal Forge 1010 Portable Signal Generator with Remote Control is a small high performance signal source incorporating the SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments interface The SF1010 features a frequency range of up to 1 GHz RF digital and differential outputs support numerous waveform modulation functions The SF1010 can be controlled using the EZWave software supplied with the unit or via user developed software utilizing SCPI commands SCPI support makes the SF1010 ideal for applications in which the signal generator needs to be controlled by a user developed test program or integrated with an automated test environment ATE The SF1010 can be controlled remotely using software such as LabView LabWindows CVI or HP VEE SCPI is a set of common
35. rived from the internal TCXO timebase Output impedance is approximately 50 The accuracy of the 10 MHz output is 0 83 ppm This square wave clock output has 70 30 symmetry Note The rear BNC connector for the 10 MHz clock is a reference clock input on the SF1010E enabling it to be driven by an external standard It is a clock output on the SF1010 Power The AC adapter provides 15VDC and 1 0A output Input range 100 260V 50 60 Hz Front Panel LED The front panel LED begins blinking when the unit is first turned on It continues to blink for a few seconds while control remains in the boot portion of FLASH After a few seconds of blinking control is transferred from the boot portion to the application portion of FLASH At this time the LED stays ON and does not blink Getting Started Power Adapter An AC power adapter is provided The specifications are Input 100 240V 50 60 Hz Output 15VDC 1 0A The power connector is on the rear panel Use only the power adapter that came with your SF1010 Note The operating requirements of the SF1010 are 10V to 15V 700mA Connecting the SF1010 to Your Computer 1 Make the physical PC to instrument connection Serial Port Attach a standard serial port cable with a male DB 9 connector and straight through pin out to the RS 232 port on the rear panel of the SF1010 and the other end to the serial port on your computer Standard serial cables may be purchased many sources including Signal Forge
36. ted are TTL LVTTL STTL over a frequency range of 1 Hz to 110 MHz External Control Dual row 10 position header provides connections for Frequency Shift Keying FSK control Binary or Bipolar Phase Shift Keying BPSK control On Off Keying OOK control for the Differential Output control for the AC coupled output ASK control RF output only TRIGGER control input used to optionally control some waveforms SYNC output for triggering on a certain portion of waveforms The recommended connectors for the External Control are 20 pin connector and cable assembly May be purchased from Signal Forge See the Accessories section of the Signal Forge Product page at www signalforge com 2 pin connector housing and contacts for use if not all control signals are needed o 2 housing p n A26921 ND o Contacts 2 required p n A26951 ND The connectors may be purchased from www Digi Key com 10 SF1010 USER MANUAL Rear Panel Connections SIGNAL FORGE www signalforge com O 7 On Off 10 MHz Clock Figure 2 Rear Panel RS 232 The RS 232 port is a female DB 9 serial connector which connects the SF1010 to the serial port on your PC Only the TX RX and GND pins of the DB9 connector are implemented on the SF1010 RS 232 cables and USB to RS 232 serial adapters may be purchase from Signal Forge 10 MHz Clock BNC connector that provides a 10 MHz TTL reference output signal de
37. types All No Modulation Options FSK Triangle is similar to FSK ramped except that ramping occurs automatically When an end frequency is reached the direction changes and ramping continues towards the other frequency See drawing below 25 SF1010 USER MANUAL Frequency 2 F Ramp Rate amp Delta Freq Frequency 1 T7 TIME Figure 15 FSK Triangle Modulation FSK Unramped Frequency Shift Keying FSK unramped is modulating between two discrete output frequencies Frequency control can be done internally or externally Output types Al Modulation Options direction control Internal PWM signal fixed frequency with user specified duty cycle using the Fixed Frequency Window nternal under software control using the Arbitrary Waveform window External control enabled in the Fixed Frequency Window FSK BPSK signal low selects the slower frequency Modulating Frequency Frequency E ei F Frequency 1 Start TIME Figure 16 FSK Unramped Modulation OOK Output types Differential all frequencies Modulation Options Internal PWM signal fixed frequency with user specified duty cycle using the Fixed Frequency Window Internal under software control using the Arbitrary Waveform window 26 SF1010 USER MANUAL External control enabled in the Fixed Frequency Window DIFF OOK or SE OOK signal low selects the slower frequency On
38. y 1 Hz Frequency Drift per hour After 0 0002 96 Frequency Stability sss sss 0 001 96 Over temperature of range of 15 35 C ambient Frequency 4ppm based on 2ppm TCXO Frequency 1ppm year after the first year May drift 3ppm in the first year External Control Header Input Voltage esses 3 3V 5V Tolerant Output voltage TX MOD pin 5V Operating Voltage 10V min to 15V max Operating Current e ee e e e K 600 min to 700mA max Operating Power Input 100 240VAC 50 60 Hz Output of 15 VDC and 1 0A provided RF AC Coupled Output Amplitude ROB ee eree 143 mV to 1414 Amplitude Resolution sss sees sees eee eee 1dB Power Range RF Output sss 12 dBm to 12 dBm Power Output Accuracy RF Output 2 dB from 100 KHz to 300 MHz 3 dB from 300MHz to 1 GHz Phase Noise 3100 MHz 50 dBc Hz 10 KHz Offset 73 dBc Hz 100 KHz 90 dBc Hz 1000 KHz SF1010 USER MANUAL Phase Noise 2100 MHz Harmonics 2 MHz to 50 MHz 50 MHz to 100 MHz 100 MHz to 3500 MHz 300 MHZ to 500 MHz
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