Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo SN74LS04 Hex
Contents
1. 5 5 5 25 High Lever Input Voltage 2 VAL Low Level Input Voltage 8 V OH High Level Output Voltage 30 High Level Output Current 40 mA T A Free Air Operating Temperature 70 C Connection Diagrams Figure 6 DM7407 Hex Buffer connection diagram SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 8 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Apparatus Gregory Crachiolo Table 4 List of required equipment for inverter and buffer circuit analysis Constructed Hex Inverter Circuit Box Constructed Hex Buffer Circuit Box Power Source Voltage Box with 5V supply and ground Digital Multimeter or Equivalent Voltmeter Testing Sequence The process for testing both the hex buffer and hex inverter are the same First connect the breadboard to the power supply Notice the buffers open collector output is in its cut off state initially and the opposite is true for the inverter Use the voltmeter to measure the input and output voltage levels of each chip For the inverter circuit switch the input to either 5 or OV For a binary input of 1 the LED should not be lit and vice versa For the buffer circuit a binary input of 1 should light the LED A chart of values for the testing of the inverter and buffer can be found in tables 5 and 6 Table 5 Testing results for hex inverter chip Hex Inverter Test Results V in Vol2. Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo USER MANUAL FOR THE SN74LS04 HEX INVERTER AND THE 0 7407 HEX BUFFER FUNCTIONAL MODULE SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 1 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 NOK 3 Za Fables noeneen oean enn REE EEE a r ie 3 3 Introduction 4 5 4 Theory 6 5 Functional Module 7 6 Wiring Instructions Saud seeds es 7 7 Chip Operating 7 8 8 Connection 8 9 cacudetaupuscsteveees 9 9 AY CEASE 10 12 11 SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 2 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo Index of Figures Figure 1 Inverter 5 Figure 2 Buffer 5 Figure 3 Ci
3. on The functional module consists of the SN74LS04 Hex Inverter and the DM7407 Hex Buffer static resistors a switch voltage source and ground red and green light emitting diodes LED red black and yellow wires and a breadboard Both the inverter and the buffer chips require a power supply of 5V and ground as well as an input of 5V or OV The resistors are used in order to pull up the voltage and protect the LED Wiring Instructions Table 1 Outline for circuit connections Red Supply to Switch Supply to Inverter or Buffer Chip Supply to Pull up Resistor Black Switch to Ground Inverter or Buffer Chip to Ground LED to Ground Yellow Pull up Resistor to Output Output to Load Resistor Load Resistor to LED Switch to Input of Buffer or Inverter Chip Operating Conditions Table 2 Hex inverter safe operating specifications SN74LS04 Hex Inverter Symbol Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Unit V CC Supply Voltage 4 75 5 5 25 Operating Ambient 0 25 70 C Temperature Range Output Current High 4 mA I OL Output Current Low 8 mA SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 7 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo Table 3 Hex Buffer safe operating specifications DM7407 Hex Buffer Symbol Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Unit V CC Supply Voltage 4 7
4. or computing functions Every transistor has a base emitter and collector Inverters and buffers have an open collector output This means that the output contact on the inverter or buffer chip is connected to the collector of the last transistor in the circuit In order for the inverter or buffer to perform properly the output collector must be connected to a pull up resistor When transistors are operating at their saturated or cutoff states they are known as logic gates or gates These are gates because they control the flow of signals from inputs to a single output A single transistor functions as an inverter or a Not gate an input of logic 1 high voltage greater than 2 5 V is converted to a logic level of 0 low voltage less than 7 V A low logic output is usually between OV and 4V and a high logic output is usually between 2 5V and 5V An input between 7V and 2 5V between logic 0 and 1 is a dead zone in which the output is undefined This is not the case for all transistors however For complementary metal oxide semiconductors CMOS these limits are determined by their supply voltage and can be different One transistor will function as an inverter Two transistors in series will function as a buffer an input of logic 1 or 0 is the same as the output 1 or 0 Furthermore a device that converts a binary input to a binary output based on the rules of mathematical logic is known as a combinational logic de
5. r Cunt i a 5 Figure 4 Buffer Circuits ccs iiesscccvccse denessiwdecslina sacaveors cededeiviedeesassteveavedeseace 5 Figure 5 SN74LS04 Hex Inverter connection 8 Figure 6 DM7407 Hex Buffer connection diagram secccessecsecsceceesces 8 Index of Tables Table 1 Circuit iiss 7 2 Inverter Operating 7 3 Buffer Operating 8 Table 4 Equipment List for Circuit Testing ccscesccccceccecceeceescecees 9 Table 5 Test Results for Inverter sssssssessssssssoooossesseessssoooosseeseesssseoe 9 Table 6 Test Results for Buffer ssssseseesssssoooosssssessssseoocosesseessseeoooooeo 9 Table 7 Equipment List for Circuit 10 Index of Images Picture 1 Transistor Module 10 53741804 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 3 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo Introduction The essence of inverters and buffers are transistors Each chip is a collection of many transistors Transistors have copious practical applications but their most basic application is a switching function or an amplifying function Collections of transistors are used in computers to perform memory
6. re a few that are used in the CMOS The doping process is done to improve the transistors performance by adding electrons n type or accepting electrons p type An exact description of the contents of the buffer and inverter chips is too complex to ascertain there are too many components to specifically quantify Also doping is only one step in the complex process that chips undergo when being constructed Buffers and inverters are driving chips This means that they boost some characteristic of the circuit In this case the current is increased without compromising voltage For many applications many digital devices are run off of one output When the supply is not adequate to perform all such functions a buffer is used to boost the current so that each device may operate properly The limit that some digital device has on its output is called its fan out Fan out describes the maximum number of similar devices that may be driven by some output A typical gate supplies approximately 1 mA if a buffer is added this may boost to up to 15 mA For the buffer if supply and ground are connected and there is either no input or OV input then the LED will illuminate because the open collector output is in its cutoff state The current from the pull up resistor must travel through the LED then to ground SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 6 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo Functional Module Descripti
7. ts V out Volts Green LED 4 93 50 Off 0 4 22 Table 6 Testing results for hex buffer chip Hex Buffer Test Results V in Volts V out Volts Red LED 4 94 3 62 On 0 28 Off SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo List of Parts Table 7 List of equipment for design and testing of hex buffer and hex inverter circuits Part Value Unit Hex Inverter Chip N A N A Hex Buffer Chip N A N A Voltage Box 5 0 Voltmeter N A N A Breadboard N A N A Static Load Resistor 220 Q Static Pull up Resistor 220 Switch N A N A Red Wire N A N A Black Wire N A N A Yellow Wire N A N A Picture 1 Transistor Module Box SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 10 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo References Robert H Bisop The Mechatronics Handbook CRC Press 2002 Peter Spasov Microcontroller Technology the 68HC11 34 Edition Upper Saddle River NJ Prentice Hall 2002 Michael B Histand and David G Alciatore Introduction to Mechatronics and Measurement Systems WCB McGraw Hill 1999 SN74LS04 Hex Inverter Data Sheet http sisko colorado edu ASEN3300 sn741s04rev6 pdf DM7407 Hex Buffer Data Sheet http info hobbyengineering com specs Fairchild 7407 pdf SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 11 5 24 04
8. vice Buffers and inverters are combinational logic devices SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 4 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo The symbols in fig 1 and fig 2 represent the collection of transistors that makeup inverters and buffers for the purposes of a circuit diagram Notice the circle in the inverter diagram this is the symbol that stands for inversion Figure 1 Buffer symbol Figure 2 Inverter symbol A circuit diagram of the inverter circuit and the buffer circuit can be found in fig 3 and fig 4 5 dn nd Resistor load Figure 3 Inverter circuit with load 5 V LED Resistor load Figure 4 Buffer circuit with load SN74LS04 Hex Inverter And DM7407 Hex Buffer 5 5 24 04 Functional Module Report Gregory Crachiolo Theory and Predictions There are many types of transistors Three types are as follows bipolar field effect FET and complementary metal oxide semiconductor CMOS Variations of these exist also Complementary refers to the use of two types of metal oxide semiconductors MOS Both of these metals in the transistor behave oppositely The transistors inside the hex inverter and buffer chips consist of doped metals imbedded inside 5102 Metal oxides are doped with impurities for example n type MOS are doped with antimony phosphorous and arsenic whereas p type MOS is doped with boron gallium and indium These a
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search