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ACORNS User Manual - Southern Oregon University

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1. OR ro Ct J As RA CIauisition 10 Rlestorec ative ISlpeect lt 7 WJ LUNINS OF J LRJESLOreu I iv Bh a Tabie OF Contents index ay Sound Panel Display Buttons W Sound Panel Display Buttons s 7 Sound Panel Operation 6 Common Error and other Messasge 5 Sound and Annotation Panel File Co 4 Sound and Annotation Panel Record 4 Introduction to Picture and Sound Le 4 Sound Editor 4 Picture and Sound Undo Options 4 Picture and Sound Redo Options 4 Sound Panel Selection Control 4 Sound and Annotation Panel Edit Co 4 Speed and Volume Control Buttons 3 Zoom In and Out Buttons 3 Redo and Undo Buttons 3 Picture and Sound Lesson Setup 3 Annotating Sound Recordings 3 Picture and Sound Links 2 Annotation Panels 2 Recording and Maintaining Audio 2 Delete Image 2 Picture and Sound Layers 2 Undo Command f 2 Picture and Sound Scaling of Images 2 2 a Picture and Lesson Y 4 he Sound Panel display buttons visibly show a recorded sound in different formats The most useful format is the time domain wave display because you can easily to see word boundaries Time Pressing this button displays how a sound vibrates air over time This Doman y format is the most useful for editing sound waves It is the default way that we display sound recordings Spectrograph Sound waves consist of many frequencies that combine to make a sound f A
2. command n ACORNS USER MANUAL 7 Some of the ACORNS options have multiple levels of menus as shown in Figure 1 4 In this case we click the Edit menu then the move the mouse to the Modify option edit modify This triggers a second level menu with further options Lesson and Fonts Any option that has a second level menu will have a small arrow to its right Thus in the example below we can see that the Insert and Delete options also have second level menus hy a a teal qT Sound Editor Insert p Delete Copy Lesson C Paste Lesson V Figure 1 4 Multi level menu Note that the Undo Redo Copy Lesson Paste Lesson and Lesson options are ghosted They require an active lesson to enable ACORNS USER MANUAL 8 Chapter 2 Working with ACORNS Files An ACORNS file is a collection containing one or more language lessons This chapter describes how to manage a file of language lessons For example we might want to create a new file open a file previously created close a file after use or modify the properties associated with a file This chapter describes these and other operations in the sections that follow Section 2 1 Creating ACORNS files The easiest way to create a new file is to click the leftmost icon at the top of the ACORNS frame recall Figure 1 2 It looks like a blank sheet of paper with the top right edge folder over When you click this icon your display will show as
3. gt ACORNS AC quisition O f Rjestored N ative S peech Play Mode 265 VEC HN Se Odio Figure 12 3 Magnet Game lesson Notice the magnets that are displayed randomly about the frame In this case the magnets are blue with white text Your job as a student is to click and drag a magnet over one that containing an adjacent word in a sentence and then release If magnets should be on top of each other you can drag them to another spot If you perform the drag and drop incorrectly ACORNS will give you an audio feedback to indicate the error If you are correct the two magnets will merge into one When you complete forming an entire sentence you will hear a positive audio feedback Then you can click on the completed magnet and doing so will provide output showing the attached picture and text that you entered during setup mode It will also allow you to playback the attached audio Normally Magnet game lessons will randomly select one sentence from each category along with its audio recording Each magnet will initially contain a single word from each of these sentences However if you enter lots of categories you may not see all of them The game s difficulty level determines how many you will see see execution options below ACORNS USER MANUAL 74 Subsection 12 2 1 Magnet game execution options On the bottom of your display you will see a row of buttons that are standard across all ACORNS lesson types These enab
4. just make these adjustments as discussed above then click Add Modify Even 1f you are not changing the language name take a moment to ensure that the right name is entered in that field You can also make changes to the original default pick a font and size type English in the Language field and click Add Modify The Confirm button will close the dialog box applying the changes you just made ACORNS will remember these changes each time it executes therefore you only need to install your fonts once If you want to exit the dialog without making any changes just close the window using the button at the top Your selections will not take effect Note the display shown in Figure 6 2 This example shows an ACORNS application that recognizes a number of fonts The font for the Secwepemc language is the one that is active Select Language Keyboards Aboriginal Sans i 4 a A 7 lt 1 AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhiijKkLIMMmNnGoPpQaRrSsTtUUVVWwXxY yZz Remove Add Modify Set Active Confirm Figure 6 2 Multiple font display Section 6 2 Embedded fonts and keyboard layouts Some tribes require custom fonts and or keyboard layouts to properly reflect their individual writing systems ACORNS can embed these custom fonts and keyboard layouts into lessons distributed on CDs or those posted to the Web This feature facilitates their use by language students that don t have the technical expertise to i
5. 13 2 will appear You can also trigger this option by clicking on the ACORNS Tools menu and then selecting the audio option In most cases the default values for these options are fine We will provide a brief description of a couple that could be important 1 Audio Compression Extension refers to the default audio format that ACORNS uses internally to represent a file this format wav takes more memory but it is standard across computer platforms and represents speech accurately You can pick other formats like spx au gsm or aif should you prefer those formats 2 The recording rate is the number of times per second the microphone samples a sound wave On Mac systems this value must be 44100 even though a 16000 setting is sufficient for speech recordings If you work with a Windows system you might try 22050 or 16000 Frame rate is what ACORNS uses internally It by default converts to 16000 to save memory 3 The recording device option provides a drop down selection On some systems ACORNS might not correctly choose the correct microphone should there be more than one This option allows you to select the one you want 4 Set the voice activation to a positive decibel level 30 to 40 is normally sufficient for conversation if you want ACORNS to begin recording operations only when speaking begins 5 Don t worry about the other fields if they are saying things that you don t understand We use the Sound Editor as a research tool
6. 8 a jars D MediaOnlyiessonsets1 BMP J lordsprayer a lessonsets1 8 htm a oldLessonsets1 8 htm Audio Types bmp a acornSplash jpg a lessonsets1 8 jar D Tools jar wav Awe a animals htm D lessonsets1 8 Inx Cy WebPlayer jar aifc a b J wbmp D animals inx a lessonsets1 3 xml O gsm 5 jpe a animals xml a LessonsFillBlanks jar D spx Pen E animatedacorn gif D LessonsHearClick jar au Eee D familydinner htm a LessonsMuttipleChoice jar aif amp PNG familydinner inx LessonsPictures jar JPEG a familydinner xml a lordsprayer bak O WBMP a horselesson htm a lordsprayer bk2 gt GIF 4 ji ey gif File Name nas hCards xml f Files of Type All Files v Eu Save Cancel Figure 2 5 Export file dialog Section 2 5 Importing a file after exporting The Open procedure will not work for files that you ve exported To get these back you need to use the Import option The Import icon looks like an open book with a red arrow pointing into the book You can either click the Import tool bar icon or click file import from the drop down menu A dialog will appear letting you browse for your exported file This dialog looks much like the one used for opening files except that now you will be choosing files with the XML extension at the end of their name After importing a file you can save it using the Save option or export it again Remember you use the Open option to work on files that were saved and the Import o
7. USER MANUAL ACORNS AC quisition O f RJestored N ative S peech Play Mode ACORNS AC quisition O f Rjestored N ative S peech a horse that really wants to eat un cheval qui veut bien manger Horses will find a way to eat when nothing is available It is better to house them in a more hospitable environment in Rel Rn lsd ia PCS SN E Figure 10 7 A Pictionary lesson 54 ACORNS USER MANUAL 55 Chapter 11 Story based Lessons There are three lesson types in this group Story Book Hear and Respond and Hear and Click The easiest of the three to set up is the Story Book lesson but there is quite a bit of commonality among these three types They all require the user to insert an audio recording generally thirty seconds to a couple minutes long All three have a time domain representation of the sound which looks like a wavy line with controls that allow the user to edit the audio The execution mode of these lessons are nevertheless quite different Section 11 1 Sound editing features In Setup Mode the three story based lessons all present the audio recording in a visual format This format is shown in Figure 11 1 Around the sides of this panel there are groups of buttons where each button in the group has a related purpose GE a 2 ead Em ad kd CCEA 2 llaa lai af m Ihh D fl hiy lu iL ihih h sll ha A i Y ni ii hy EW iiy Wee il i i Annotations Y Keyboard language English 7 Oard rer
8. apped to ais Figure I1 lAudio sound panel Subsection 11 1 1 Recording button group Notice the group of buttons on the left wall of the display These are used to record a sound much like the buttons we saw on the audio dialog in Figure 7 2 In this lesson type no dialog is needed you can use the Record Stop and Play buttons straight from the display frame After you record a sound wave like the one in Figure 11 1 will display representing the vibrations that your sound makes as it travels Now note the buttons above and below the Record Stop and Play buttons Pressing these will not make changes to your recording they are simply scroll buttons allowing you to view the front or back portion of your sound wave if you have zoomed in too close to view it all in one glance ACORNS USER MANUAL 56 Subsection 11 1 2 Zoom features On the right wall of the display are four Zoom buttons each containing a magnifying glass From top to bottom respectively these buttons enable you to zoom in by degrees to see the sound wave in greater detail zoom out by degrees to see more of it at a glance zoom to a specific area or zoom all the way out in one click to see the entire sound wave compressed to fit in your display frame Subsection 11 1 3 Making selections within a recording There are several ways to make selections within your recording First you can select a single point on the sound wave in order to insert a new recording i
9. are 1 position the progress bar to the start of your clip 2 Click the Set start of clip button 3 position the progress bar to the end of the clip 4 Click on the Set end of clip button 5 Click on the Play clip button to play back the video clip and verify that you have the right settings and 6 Click the Save clip button which will save the selected clip to disk after you select a file name and folder You might have to use the various play features a few times to find the correct start and end points of your video clip Once you save your animated picture you are free to extract additional clips from the same video and create additional animated pictures Just repeat the same procedure that we just described ACORNS USER MANUAL 36 Chapter 7 Preparing Lessons for Use Any lesson you create can be viewed in two modes Setup or Execution Setup Mode is where you create and edit information that goes into your lessons Execution Mode is where a student launches your lessons in order to interact with the language In this sense using ACORNS is similar to making a Power Point presentation In Power Point you create your slides first and then display the information in a slide show In ACORNS first we setup our lessons and then students execute them There are a variety of lesson types that you can create and there is a great deal of commonality in the procedure for preparing these for use In this chapter we
10. as we work to integrate speech recognition features into the ACORNS application These options are helpful to us in our work ACORNS USER MANUAL T1 ACORNS Sound Editor Advanced Sound Controls Recording Parameters Analysis Parameters Speech Recognition Parameters Audio Compression Extension wav Recording Rate and Device 44100 Pre emphasis Factor 0 97 Filter Type Hamming Default recordina device v Hamming Window Size B2 mpa aoe Seis rris 32 Hamming Window Shift 10 0 Voice Activation Window Size 10 aa Voice Activation Threshold o Low Pass Frequency lg Number of Mel Filters 40 ee ini F 130 0 Frame Rate 16000 _ Signal to Trim from Front 72 ji ANEN SETOS ae Bits per Sample D Maximum Mel Frequency 6800 0 Channels 1 Round to Next Zero Amplitude yes Feature Vector Size 13 Big Endian Ino os Maximum Recording Length 10 Encoding signed a ong 10 Feature Vector Mask 18192 Averaged ves Figure 13 2 Sound Editor options Section 13 2 Sound editing panels The Sound Editor contains two identical panels as shown in Figure 13 1 Two panels are convenient because you can copy portions of an audio recording from one of these and paste it to the other The buttons surrounding a Sound Panel are arranged in groups each of which is described in the following sections Subsection 13 2 1 Recording The buttons down the left side are the recording group which you may recall from the chapter that describes
11. computer specific They could look somewhat different on your computer ACORNS USER MANUAL 34 ACORNS Open file Fe My Recent Documents My Documents SL My Computer File name My Network Places Files of type video Files Figure 6 6 Movie file dialog There is another way to select a video file If you have an open folder that contains a list of video files depress the mouse on the one you want and drag it over the dialog panel drop it by releasing the mouse and then click the OPEN button This sometimes is easier than navigating to the desired folder using the dialog interface Once you select your video file a frame opens that is similar to the one shown in Figure 6 7 The control bar shown at the bottom enables you to play the video If you ve used media player programs before this bar will look familiar Clicking on the leftmost button plays or pauses the video Next to the right are the rewind and fast forward buttons Each time you click on one of these buttons you adjust the current position in the video forward or back by a third of a second The progress bar is in the center of the control bar it shows you the relative current position in the video represented by the square in the middle After pausing you can click on this bar at the desired place to alter the current position this will set the position to the place where you click You can also drag the square in the progress bar forw
12. contain a particular language or dialect or perhaps levels of difficulty You are free to use the different layers for whatever purpose you desire If you don t plan to utilize the layer feature you can leave the layer name fields blank When you re done click Yes Your Lesson Header will display in the Lesson List area as shown below in Figure 3 2 which shows the header for a Picture and Sound lesson File Edit Window Tools Help SIRS ICSE ENE EE Lesson List 1 Pictures and Sounds Lesson 1 gt An autumn landscape ____ Name for Lesson Links autumn Layer Names 1 Figure 3 2 A created Picture and Sound lesson header Section 3 2 Editing lesson header information Even after entering your Lesson Header you can easily change its data if you like There are two ways to do this The first is through the Edit menu edit modify lesson You ll note that the Lesson option will be active now not ghosted as it was before recall Figure 1 2 The second method is to click the ACORNS USER MANUAL 21 Lesson List button in the list area calling up the menu shown in Figure 3 3 Click Modify Lesson to display the dialog we saw in Figure 3 1 You can change anything you like except for the lesson type That field cannot be changed Alternatively you can change lesson or layer names by directly typing into the text fields of the Lesson List shown in Figure 3 2 Ly Remove Lesson Picture
13. in case you want to rotate any of your annotated pictures Subsection 11 4 2 Picture annotations Hear and Click lessons require us to make a recording or input one if you have it prerecorded You then add picture annotations that will form what a student sees in the Lesson Display when they execute your lesson The bulk of the work for setting up a Hear and Click lesson is selecting areas of your sound wave then annotating those portions of the recording with pictures Hear and Click lessons support up to ten layers of annotations as do all lesson types The slider at the top of the secondary toolbar enables you to select which layer you are using or to create a new one by clicking or dragging to it With this feature ACORNS USER MANUAL 66 you can record and annotate the same story in different languages or dialects ddd Tor E w O A T Lrkto af linklesson ly MA hilla Y MIMIR FAN OSN fi l NTEN J i l fii i yr jj me A T j i i mi yr uly A Keyboard remapped to English Figure 11 8 Hear and Click lesson setup It is a good idea to have the pictures that you intend to use available at setup time The pictures can be still frames using industry standard picture formats like jpg or png or they can be animated using the gif format ACORNS can also extract frames from movies stored in mpeg format and store them as animated pictures Once you ve finished annotating your sound wave ACORNS takes it from there the le
14. lesson This is convenient because you won t have to recreate the whole lesson When it is possible to change the lesson type the paste option will display a drop down menu similar to the one shown in Figure 3 6 Simply click on the arrow pointing down and then select the lesson type that you want ACORNS Paste lesson Figure 3 6 Paste lesson type selection Section 3 6 Deleting a lesson Occasionally you might want to remove a lesson from your file This is easy to do Just click edit delete lesson Another way is to click the Lesson List button shown at the top of Figure 3 5 and select the Remove Lesson option ACORNS USER MANUAL 24 Chapter 4 Recovering Lost Data Occasionally we might make a mistake and inadvertently make changes to a file or to a lesson that are incorrect There are several facilities built into the ACORNS program to help recover from these kinds of problems This chapter describes these procedures Section 4 1 Undo and redo The Undo and Redo commands have icons on the ACORNS main toolbar The Undo command has an icon with a picture of an arrow pointing to the left Redo has an icon containing an arrow pointing to the right These commands can be found on the tool bar as well as under the Edit menu The standard shortcut keys for these commands are control z or command z for Undo and control y or command y for Redo mc Figure 4 1 Undo and redo icons Undo is useful whe
15. lose everything should there be an interruption in power The difference between Save and Save As is this Save As gives you a chance to select a new file name and or file folder allowing you to locate your file in a different place in your computer The Save option uses the name and folder previously assigned Of course if you ve not yet assigned it a name because this is the first time you ve saved you will be asked to name your file In other words when you save for the first time there is no difference between Save and Save As If you don t type a name for your file when saving for the first time ACORNS automatically assigns it it picks the title of the first lesson in the file If there are no lessons yet added it will use a name like acornsO In the latter case it s a good idea to change the default Not only is it hard to tell these names apart but ACORNS will run out of file names when it gets to acorns99 When naming files a rule of ACORNS USER MANUAL 11 thumb is to use lower case letters keep the names short and avoid using spaces These conventions will ensure that your file names function no matter which computer platform you might use in the future Another good suggestion is to save your ACORNS files consistently in the same folder This will save you confusion trying to locate your files when you want to work with them again Figure 2 4 shows the dialog you ll see if you are saving your work on a MAC It might look diffe
16. proprietary formats that were lost as soon as the program that generated the data was no longer supported The Export icon on the ACORNS toolbar looks like an open book with a red arrow pointing out of the ACORNS USER MANUAL 12 book You can either click the Export tool bar icon or click file export from the drop down menu The Export dialog shown in Figure 2 5 this time we show the dialog as it displays on Windows systems works much like Save and Save As It gives you an opportunity to name your file and choose a folder in which to store it You also have a chance to change your file s audio and video format to all the choices available on your system but be careful choosing from the options provided While the defaults are compatible with all major computer platforms some of the formats offered are not For example spx is an audio format designed specifically for speech It compresses speech better than the other formats so it is good for web page applications greatly reducing download time However it has two disadvantages First not all media players can use this format Second though playback is quite efficient it takes longer to encode files in this format pal a Save In Lessons x c al Eele B horselesson inx a lordsprayer htm Image Types ca familydinner a horselesson xml D lordsprayer inx Default mm horselesson G index html 4 lordsprayer xml jpg c3 lessonsets1
17. secondary toolbar and other options In addition to the standard secondary toolbar controls described on page 39 there are controls to ACORNS USER MANUAL 59 adjust the size of a background picture to be inserted to change the font size of the text displayed a background color and a color for outputting the text On the right there are two buttons that allow the user to specify whether the text should be centered or left justified Note that Figure 11 2 shows the center rightmost button is depressed and as a result the text shows to be centered Clicking the button with the left justify button to the left of the center button will cause it to depress instead and the text will be left justified The layer controls show under the sound wave but nevertheless work the same way as in all other lesson types Story Book lessons can have different text to show at each layer There is also a language selection under the sound wave This enables each layer to have its own unique indigenous font Subsection 11 2 2 Story Book lesson sound panel The sound panel in the center of the setup display represents the audio in visual format Refer to page 55 if you need to review the associated features of this section Subsection 11 2 3 Story Book lesson text entry At the bottom of the setup panel simply type in the translation to the story You can use the Return Enter key on your keyboard to position the line breaks If you don t use line br
18. store all your sounds in the same folder You can also drag and drop an audio file over the audio dialog window To do this with a folder of audio files open press the mouse over the file of your choice drag it over the dialog window and release the mouse This can be easier than navigating using the browse button ooo Enter Audio with Annotated Text sis eo amp Enter Audio with Annotated Text Font English Gloss er ERE Native Native Spellings O O O Z SOO any ny l e A a I Remove F S Accept J Figure 7 2 Audio recording dialog Some lessons contain a slightly different input dialog as we show in Figure 7 3 This dialog is similar to Figure 7 2 but it enables you to enter additional descriptive information For example this information could be culturally relevant or it could describe grammatical aspects of your language You use this feature any way that you wish Enter audio with annotated text Font English Gloss this horse does not have a lot of grass Native Spelling ce cheval n as pas beaucoup d herbe Additional Description Horses will find a way to eat when nothing is available It is better to house them in a more hospitable environment PINNE Accept Remove Figure 7 3 Audio dialog with additional information ACORNS USER MANUAL 39 Figure 7 4 shows the dialog where you can remove or modify a recording you ve made or attach mult
19. the X on the top of your application frame This will not exit ACORNS but it will bring you back to Setup Mode If you are executing from a web page there is of course there is no Setup Mode In this case if you are finished just use your browser controls to navigate away from the web page ACORNS USER MANUAL 44 Chapter 9 Picture and Sound Lessons Picture and Sound lessons consist of an image with many recorded sounds attached to it You can use any image you like This flexibility 1s useful no matter what language you want to teach as you will probably be covering vocabulary for various objects situations and subjects However it is especially useful when teaching a language closely tied to a particular region You are free either to find preexisting images for common subjects or to gather new images that pertain to the specific surroundings which define your language Tthis lesson type enables you to attach written and spoken words to multiple spots on your picture These appear as acorns stuck to elements of the picture When a student clicks an acorn the words you have attached will play Using this tool you can preserve and communicate words and expressions to describe various objects within or aspects of a given image There are many other features you can utilize in creating a Picture and Sound lesson and we will discuss each of them below For now this description accounts for the basic concept behind this type of lesso
20. the active color shows to the right of the Color icon which is marked by a hand with three colored squares recall Figure 2 8 To change the default click this icon and a color palette will appear as in Figure 2 9 You can try several colors simply click the one you prefer To restore the original color click the Reset button or 1f you like the new color click OK to apply it Clicking Cancel allows you to exit the color chooser no changes made When you leave the color palette your selected color will appear in the Web Page dialog to the right of the Color icon ae ee Choose Background Color Preview Cl CI Sample Text Sample Text Figure 2 9 Color chooser dialog Note that you can navigate to the folder where you want to save your web page This procedure is very similar to the Open Close Import and Export options described in Chapter 2 It is a good idea to store your web pages in a designated folder This way you can easily locate them at a later date ACORNS USER MANUAL 16 Section 2 10 Windows for multiple open files Sometimes it is convenient to work on multiple ACORNS files at once Figure 2 10 shows how the Windows menu options appear when three files are open at the same time The check mark indicates the active file which will appear in the Lesson Display area You can switch the active file by clicking any of the other files listed Neen Tools Help Full Screen Tabbed View 1 Users harveyd
21. the dialog In the Gloss field enter your first language text then in the Native Spelling field add the indigenous translation Note the drop down menu at the top right where ACORNS allows you to override the default keyboard font The default is the one selected to be active refer to page 29 for review If you plan to override a large group of recordings it 1s probably better just to change the default font It is important to use good equipment for your recording We ve found that headphone microphones work best and they re inexpensive Some Macs and notebook computers come with a built in microphone These can work well too Even inexpensive microphones are quite sensitive so it is a good idea to record in a place without lots of background noise ACORNS USER MANUAL 38 To begin recording click the Record button with the red circle and start to speak slowly and clearly When you finish click the Stop button which is a blue square It is a good idea to play your recording back to make sure it s acceptable To do this just click the middle button Play with the black right facing triangle If you re satisfied click Accept and ACORNS will save the data If not press Record again and enter a new sound ACORNS will replace your first recording with the new one You can also load a prerecorded sound file Simply click the Browse button and navigate to find it ACORNS will remember where you last navigated so you will find it easiest to
22. various recordings will show in the display area Section 7 3 Setup secondary tool bar When setting up a lesson there will always be a secondary tool bar at the top Figure 7 5 shows an example of such a toolbar which is the one shown when you set up Multiple Choice lessons Other lesson types have a similar toolbar although they might differ somewhat depending on a particular ACORNS USER MANUAL 40 lesson type s requirements In the following subsections we will describe the controls that are present in these toolbars irrespective of the lesson type Help horses si T Ag ats Center scaled image z Al B tinct Ed 1a Figure 7 5 Multiple Choice lesson setup controls Subsection 7 3 1 Lesson links Links are a feature allowing you to build connections between your lessons regardless of lesson type However different lesson types do provide additional ways to use links than what we present here We ll cover these differences in the following chapters In any case creating a link is done through the dialog shown below where you are asked to enter the name of another lesson from the same active ACORNS file Recall that all lesson names within a file can be found in the Lesson List as described in on page 20 In Setup Mode of the various lesson types there will be a button containing the image of a chain link icon in it as shown in Figure 7 6 When you click this icon a dialog appears and you then enter the name of ano
23. view where the active file is a lesson about horses flr a Dig 2 2 Lesson List Help horses Center scaled image H l Link to Lesson Lesson 1 File Edit Window Tools Help EESE Wel Os ew lt lt lt gt gt gt 44 File Users harveyd Desktop richardSmith horses Inx Opened 4 Figure 2 12 Full view of open files Section 2 11 Print and print preview Often you might want a hardcopy printout of the information contained in a lesson The Print and Print Preview commands are provided for this purpose Print Preview shown in Figure 2 13 allows you to view the information before it prints Note that you can alter the zoom by selecting a percentage value Higher values will display the information in more detail but you ll have to scroll to view it all With lower values you can view your page as small as a thumbnail The default shown below is a 10 size To print simply click the Print button and then select the printer you want and optionally a range of pages to print If you want to exit without printing click the Close button The icons for Print and Print Preview should be familiar as they are standard for most applications ACORNS USER MANUAL 18 The Print icon is marked by the image of a printer The Print Preview icon shows a page beneath a magnifying glass These commands can also be found under the File menu Additionally Print has a shortcut key control p or
24. 1 4 File management undo and redo features cece ecccccceessseeseeeeceeeeeeaaeseseeeeees 56 SuUDSeCtion ih S EGS a TCC OFC UNG 4m save scrote ad di dec a a denned negara caner eben uecewetead 3T Subsection LEEG Sound VOlUMe CONTOS aseina n E ete techerdannigein 57 Section JZ Story BOOK IESSONS anena A a a N N 57 Subsection 11 2 1 Story Book lesson secondary toolbar and other Options cccccceseeeeeeeeeees 58 Subsection 11 2 2 Story Book lesson sound patiel cccccccccccccssssssseeeeeeceeeeasesseecceeeeeeaaaessseeeeees 59 Subsection 11 2 3 Story Book lesson texentry sss toseteriahatetiseeteias aaa a 59 Subsection 11 2 4 Executing a Story Book lesson cece eeccccccccccasssseeeeceeeeeeeaeeeseeecceeeeeaaaaeseeeeeeees 59 section 11 3 Hear and Respond lesS0NSs saturnini a a aa E EA dads 60 Subsection 11 3 1 Annotating the audio recording sseeeeessssssseeeeressssssseccressssssseeceeossssssseceeessssss 6l Subsection 11 3 2 Executing a Hear and Respond lesson sseeeessssssssoserrssssssssceresssssssseeeressssss 63 Subsection 11 3 3 Hear and Respond execution Options sssssssseessssssssssseersssssssseererssssssseeerrssssss 64 section TLA Hearand Click TeSSONS eiser iat uichi N E N ae 65 Subsection 114 1 Pear and Chick Setup Mode ssir e E aA 65 Subsection LLA 2 Picture annotations sea E a A T sth 65 Subsection 11 4 3 Executing a Hear and Click lesson ccc cseeesseeccccececeeeese
25. 2 2 provides a display showing how you can open a file through the drop down menu file open where you will see the same icon You can also use the hot key control o or command o to open an existing file No matter which of these methods you choose the Open option triggers a dialog where you can browse for your file In Figure 2 3 for example we see the Mac version Notice that the button at the bottom says Open Using this dialog if you see your file listed you can click on it and then click the open button Otherwise you click the dropdown arrow to show a list of folders that you can navigate through your system folders to find your ACORNS files which have nx L N X extensions This navigation technique is common to most applications on your system so we won t discuss it further here There are actually several additional ways to open a file 1 If you ve worked with a file recently it will be listed on the bottom of the File drop down menu with other recently opened files see the bottom of Figure 2 2 and the most recently opened file appears at the top of the list Simply click the one you want to open 2 If you are looking at the contents of a folder in your directory and you want to open one of the files listed again simply double click it This will launch the ACORNS program and open the file in one step On Windows systems you can find your files in their folder by navigating your directory through the My Compute
26. A Language Author Description Cancel OK T n Figure 2 7 File properties Section 2 8 Deleting ACORNS files Occasionally you might want to remove an ACORNS file from your computer You can do this by ACORNS USER MANUAL 14 finding the files in the Operating System folders Alternatively you can use the ACORNS menu option and click edit delete file A file chooser dialog will come up allowing you to select the files you want to delete In fact you can select any file not just ACORNS files so be careful when you use this option Section 2 9 Making a web page One important feature of the ACORNS program is that you can create a web page out of the lessons in one of your files Even if you never upload this page to the Web you can save it to a CD and distribute it to students or anyone interested allowing them to use your lessons without requiring them to install ACORNS software When they open your file their browser window will pop up to launch your lessons just as if your file were a web site Of course you can also post your web page to a server computer allowing anyone with Internet access to view them In either case this is an excellent way to publish your work Note that this is the way for you to let students to execute your lessons without allowing changes To create a web page first open the file that you want to publish and then click the Make Web Page icon on your tool bar wh
27. ACORNS USER MANUAL l ACORNS User Manual A C quisition O f R estored N ative S peech The purpose of the ACORNS software package is to support language revitalization efforts of Native American tribes Its name AC quisition O f R estored N ative S peech reflects this purpose Also as the Acorn is sacred to the tribes of Northern California and Southern Oregon the name ACORNS is chosen in honor of the tribes who helped spawn this effort ACORNS software runs on all major computer platforms We anticipate that this be a long term development project and eagerly seek your comments and feedback ACORNS is freeware and can be used for any non commercial legal purpose and can be installed on as many computers as you wish We hope that the software prove useful but provide no guarantees to its suitability The author of the original program Dan Harvey from Southern Oregon University retains full copyright privileges Because of its purpose to support tribal revitalization we do not want the software sold for profit Use of the software implies agreement with these terms Please feel free to contact the author harveyd sou edu if you have any questions or comments regarding permissible use In the future we plan to release the source codes Distribution will then be subject to Open Source GNU licensing whose licensing terms are described at HTTP www gnu org copyleft gpl html ACORNS USER MANUAL 2 Table of Contents Chapter T
28. Desktop Autumn Inx 2 Users harveyd acornFiles sillyshapes Inx tf 3 Users harveyd Desktop richardSmith horses Inx Figure 2 10 Windows commands You can display multiple open files in several ways Full Screen view is the default It displays your files one at a time with no tabs To switch between files in Full Screen you need to go to the drop down Window menu shown in Figure 2 10 and click Full Screen File Edit Window Tools Help aniaeenemnenl ame Cries a GGle als RUMI Lesson Lis a Users harveyd Desktop Autumn Inx r Users harveyd Desktop richardSmith horses Inx Aast Help dsdd Center scaled image E _ Link to Lesson lt lt lt gt gt gt e T Ei Name and Description Keywords View Changed to ae aes Z Figure 2 11 Tabbed view of open files ACORNS USER MANUAL 17 Tabbed View Figure 2 11 works much like the tabs in a web browser placing each new file on its own tab within the same window You activate this view by clicking on Tabbed View in the Figure 2 10 drop down menu The ACORNS program shows your tabs in the display area allowing you to navigate quickly and easily between them Just click the tab with the name of the file you want The figure below illustrates the tabbed view where the active lesson is about shapes Notice the white tab bar at the top of the Lesson Display area the selected file name is highlighted in blue Meanwhile Figure 2 12 presents the full screen
29. Figure 2 1 ANDO ACORNS AC quisition O f Rlestored Native S peech File Edit Window Tools Help CHAER EAE E Lesson List lt d d gt l gt gt ile Users harveyd Desktop acorn01 Inx Created A Figure 2 1 ACORNS after creating a file Notice that the frame has two display areas The left side will display a list of language lessons The right side will show the current lesson To this point we ve only created the file so no lessons are shown as yet Now find the two gray arrows just below the icon bar between the display areas If you should ever want to hide the Lesson List and expand the Lesson Display click the arrow pointing to the left You can later restore the Lesson List by clicking the arrow pointing to the right ACORNS USER MANUAL 9 Section 2 2 Opening an existing ACORNS file Edit Window Tools Help CT New N Hi Open O X Close Gel Save g Bil Save As Q3 Export is Import Es Make Web Page Properties ES Print Preview 1 Print p 1 f Users harveyd Desktop acorn0Ol1 Inx 2 Users harveyd Desktop lesson Inx 3 Users harveyd acornFiles sillyshapes Inx Exit Q Figure 2 2 File dropdown menu Opening a file means getting it back so you can work on it some more As with other options there are several ways to do this On the tool bar simply click the Open icon second from the left recall Figure 1 2 This icon shows an opening yellow folder Alternatively Figure
30. General OPETI Oi eerren i r E E EE E E ETEN 5 Section 1 1 ACORNS icons and menu options esssseeeeeesssssseseerrssssssssseeressssssseceersssssseeeerressssssseeereo 5 Chapter 2 Working with ACORNS Files scsecsinn tres soscaineiety san eeni e e er a E a 8 SecHow 2I Cr Canine ACORNS TOS eisean EE EE 8 Section 2 2 Opening anexistine A CORINS TG socio cessncencsasesoscennedoncsabeaetaleasedence aA EE is TENEN 9 Sechan 2 570 a VIG VOUT WORK ionic cca petcscnacesntactpetwieniessnekalpesusdsseanennkpabianlaasnavelpbeuadeswibeaantabiaSecbesanexctan 10 Section 2 5 Imports a Tile after Cx PORN g sgine aieia E REEERE EER O EERE AERE 12 Section 2 6 Closing a file when you are finished cee ececccccccccsssesseeceeeeecaaeeseeeceeeeeeeaeeeeseeeeeeeeeeaas 13 Secon 2T ACORNS Hle properties a cuscancteness nenns N EEE N EE EE EEEN A AAEEen 13 section 2 9 Delete ACORNS lOS arser a E E E e eE 13 CC HOU S M E EN Ae a E N E E A E 14 Section 2 10 Windows for m l ple open NCS ise cclssaccan sree tedsantcecsertosslusmoxedsneeetedeamieiasemetecsluamonegeeet 16 Secon 211 Prnt and print previ W a sesacecapecsnsasnotansseeoscensseuaieupasonausnolanecdeotcsuaseuarsnaracoseasotannnceatcns 17 Chapter 3 Working with Language Lessons essessseseeessssssssseerrsssssssscerrssssssssceeersssssseseeersssssseseerressss 19 SECHION al Creatine a Name AOC LCS Oia ect ceed cceepe canazn n E a E a EEEE 19 Section 3 2 Editing lesson header information ccc e
31. Lesson List b Lesson 1 Pictures and Sounds An Autumn Landscape Name and Description AUTUMN Keywords Lesson 2 Pictures and Sounds Blue Hills Name and Description Blue Hills Keywords Figure 3 5 An ACORNS file with two lessons Section 3 5 Copying and pasting lessons Sometimes you might want to use the same lesson in more than one ACORNS file The Copy and Paste options make this task easy so you do not have to recreate the lesson from scratch To copy the currently active lesson the one showing in the ACORNS lesson display area you can click on the edit drop down menu and then choose copy lesson You can instead if you wish use the shortcut key control c or command c which is standard across many applications When you execute this option ACORNS copies your lesson to an internal clipboard You then are safe to switch to another file using the Window drop down menu commands You can also paste into the same file 1f you wish Position to where you want the lesson to go and then execute the paste lesson option The paste option is also on the edit drop down menu Alternatively you can use the shortcut key control v or command v again standard across many applications Your lesson now will be part of the new file ACORNS USER MANUAL 23 For some lesson types you can use the paste option to change the lesson type For example you can copy a Multiple Choice lesson and then paste it as a Flash Card
32. N ative S peech X my lips whida sits Figure 9 4 Clicking on an acorn in execution mode Note the green button at the bottom of the frame which are shown at the bottom of Figure 9 2 When a student clicks this button it triggers the pop up shown below in Figure 9 5 This pop up menu gives the student additional options ACORNS USER MANUAL 48 Increase Scale Factor 100 Decrease Scale Factor from 100 Turn Sound Off Turn Native Spelling Off p Turn Translation Off Help Exit Play Mode i Figure 9 5 Picture and Sound execution options Here the student can choose to turn off the translation that appears when an acorn is clicked The student can also use this pop up to alter the size of the picture If they click Increase Scale Factor the picture will grow by 10 The Decrease Scale Factor option causes it to shrink by the same amount If the picture size exceeds the size of the display you can position your cursor near the end of the window and move it This action will cause the picture to pan to see portions that previously were hidden Near the bottom the Help option offers information summarizing what the options on this menu can do Finally Exit Play Mode will stop this lesson s execution returning the user to Setup Mode Note that web pages do not provide this option lessons viewed on a web page cannot switch to setup Picture and Sound lessons support layers Look at Figure 9 6 Though the image is exactly the same a
33. Story based Lessons The three buttons in the center let you start stop and replay your recording Just above and below these are scroll buttons If you have zoomed in too close to see the entire sound wave in your display you can use these buttons to view the front or back of your recording Subsection 13 2 2 Zooming Down the right side of the panel toward the top you will see the zoom group These allow you to zoom in by degrees zoom out by degrees zoom to a selected portion of your sound wave or zoom all the way out in one click Subsection 13 2 3 File management On the far left at the top of each Sound Panel you will see the file management buttons These include Erase Browse Import Export and Save from left to right respectively Clicking Save will of course save your work however if you try to open a saved Sound Editor file in an ACORNS lesson the ACORNS USER MANUAL 78 program will retrieve only the sound recording not the annotations you may have added If you want to preserve your Sound Editor work for general use choose the Export option instead As described in previous chapters this command will save it in two files an XML file to preserve your text including where your annotations are attached to the recording as well as which font you have chosen and secondly a standard audio file to preserve your recording The ACORNS application will automatically recognize the annotations in lesson when loading prere
34. a SDDSECUOWIS 2 ad Pie mana eme A ia e E T ene enn ene ee ar SUDSECIION 1512 4 Cie 2e caccag cece i baeepe ert ana ee pe ena eee ee neat 78 SUSE CIION 3 2 3S POCO ra E E ESE 78 SUDSECHOM 5 2 6 VOUM oinar E E A E E 78 SubSecttOn 13 2 7 Display Modes sosisini a a 78 SUD SC CULO 1 2 6 SE NOC COM aori E alla ge tata alae sea ecearnc ele har ne un bemnd suseeemcomeepce 79 SUDSEC HOM 5 2 QW MG and Te desee E S 79 Subsection 13 2 10 Gloss and native text c ccccceccscecccceccsceccccscccececescscescecscecesescesescecsescesescecs 79 ACORNS USER MANUAL 5 Chapter 1 General Operation ACORNS AC quisition O f RJestored NJative S peech Seles File Edit Window Tools Help Figure 1 1 Acorns application frame Clicking the ACORNS icon brings up a frame like the one in Figure 1 1 Notice that many of the icons on the tool bar are ghosted faded this means they are not yet enabled You can enable most of them simply by opening or creating an ACORNS file The ACORNS program operates in ways similar to many popular presentation programs like Power Point for instance However instead of composing slides to be displayed in a Power Point slide show we create a file of language lessons to be used interactively when a student executes them It is our hope that this popular interface concept will be intuitive and easy to learn Section 1 1 ACORNS icons and menu options Figure 1 2 offers a closer view of the icons we saw at the top
35. a way to practice an invaluable element of language acquisition Enter the missing word here Correct Answers 0 ENTER check your entry UP see the answer RIGHT continue LEFT hear again DOWN stop sound Total Questions 0 ome VV OS DOV mm TO OFDGEO SEL oe ODDLY AKT OV WEBVEE m mes 6050 TL DOTWESSC 5024 mm VO go DS DLS V Vo OFDGHO VVG DELZ LVDW SELL VCS OV mm DOT m y S Vy G SV ELOS mm m oe WV OC EGEF VV G V L9D058 DOF mmm mmm OVV VS VO BVS 5DLZ JDEILYSDSIEVOC OVS LVVSE WS VW OG m OY 8 Ss5i o gt Figure 11 6 Hear and Respond lesson executing Subsection 11 3 3 Hear and Respond execution options There are options a student can select by clicking on button with the green nformation icon Figure 11 7 shows the menu that pops up when a student clicks on this button For example the student can reset the lesson to change the blank words and their positions Students can also choose the continuous play option if they want to hear the entire recording without any stopping points Another option altesr the difficulty level A Harder difficulty level means that there will be more missing words Hear and respond lessons supports five difficulty levels Basic Moderate Challenging Hard and Extreme Finally students can change the font size of the transcription in their Lesson Display ACORNS USER MANUAL 65 Reset lesson Turn continuous story playback on Increase difficulty level From Hard D
36. alog will come up Record your sound recall page 37 for instructions click Accept and the recording will attach to the selected picture If you click twice on an image that already has a sound attached the dialog we saw in Figure 7 2 will appear allowing you to modify delete or add multiple sounds Figure 10 1 Selecting a picture Section 10 2 Setup mode for lessons with multiple pictures These four lessons have an almost identical setup the difference being that Pictionary lessons allow for entry of additional culturally relevant information Figure 10 2 illustrates the options available on the secondary toolbar for these lessons Figure 10 2 shows a context based Help button to the left and display the title just to its right The Help button is useful if you need instruction while creating one of these lessons Next there is a camera icon that allows you to import a picture that changes the overall background color of an executing lesson thereby letting you customize its look and feel The drop down menu offers different ways to fit a picture to the space allocated to one of your pictures Many times it is unnecessary to use this feature however it can be handy if you re working with a picture that doesn t fit the shape provided To the right of the drop down lesson there is a button ACORNS USER MANUAL 50 containing a circular arrow this one allows you to rotate the imported pictures in ninety degree increments This capabili
37. als only with objects Understanding that language is a web of interconnected information layers allow you to keep its categories distinct while retaining a feel for how they re related Let your creativity guide you caled image v Figure 7 7 Lesson layer control Subsection 7 3 3 Title and help All lessons have a help button to provide context based help In Figure 7 8 the help button is on the left By clicking on this button you will see a page of text that describes how to setup the lesson The lesson title also shows In the figure the title is Plants and vegetables Help Plants and vegetables Center SC Figure 7 8 Lesson title and help ACORNS USER MANUAL 42 Chapter 8 Executing Lessons Execution Play Mode Once you have completed your lesson setup it s ready to execute In this view students interact in their indigenous language to practice and refine their skill Each lesson type operates differently in execute mode and we ll describe the differences in the next chapter However as with Setup Mode there are some commonalities and we focus on these in this chapter We execute a lesson by clicking the tool bar icon with the picture of red lightning To view this icon refer to Figure 3 2 Alternatively the Execute command can also be found under the Tools menu If you should want to return to Setup Mode while a lesson is executing simply press the escape key or click the X at the top right of the fra
38. ard or back to do the same thing The mute button to the right of the progress bar can be used to toggle the sound on and off Finally clicking on the information button on the right of the control bar will display information about the format of the loaded video file C Documents and Settings HarveyD My Documen mE ooo SEERA 57s Resetal peee Several Figure 6 7 Movie to animated picture panel ACORNS USER MANUAL 35 If you right click command click on Macs over the video a popup menu displays This menu allows you to zoom in or out and alter the size of the movie that displays There are five buttons on the top of the panel These buttons provide the capabilities that you need to extract a clip from the video and save it as an animated picture on disk gif format To select a video clip from within a video you will need to set the clip s starting and ending point The reset button middle of top row of buttons tells ACORNS that the clip is the entire video This is useful when your movie is very short no more than a couple of seconds Note the numbers shown to the right of the start and end buttons These show the relative time position in minutes seconds that you select for a clip s respective beginning and end points As we ve stated above animated pictures can be used in a variety of ACORNS language lessons like Multiple Choice lessons for example The complete procedure to convert a movie clip to an animated picture
39. be freely used for gt i Edit non commercial purposes It conforms to best practice criteria for working with linguistic data in that it supports industry standard export and import facilities gt Files uia at di po ee gt Gi Help The ACORNS program allows language instructors and students to easily prepare and execute files containing gt Images language lessons The software is intuitive and requires minimal technical training Each file contains a series of gt J Keyboard Mapping lessons that link together through use of mouse clicks Presently the program supports Picture and Sound Lessons Multiple Choice Lessons and Hear and Respond Lessons gt Sound Editor gt Lesson The Picture and Sound lessons allow you to attach recordings to places on a picture By clicking on the picture gt Tools you will hear the attached sounds Multiple Choice lessons attach a group of recordings to a series of pictures The gt i Windows student hears a sound and clicks on the appropriate picture These lessons are much like those used in the commercial Rosetta Stone product Our country uses Rosetta Stone to train our diplomats Hear and Respond E ACORNS Sound Editor Help lessons contain a recording annotated with text Students hear the recording and type in blank words or phrases gt Introduction his type of lesson facilitates comprehension and learning correct spellings gt General Operation Language instructors
40. bove then click the Record button this will replace the old sound with the new Fourth we need to select in order to create annotations for Hear and Respond or Hear and Click lessons We ll describe how to do so later in this chapter Subsection 11 1 4 File management undo and redo features On the top left of the display you will see a group of two buttons these help you manage your file The first appears as a pencil with an eraser Clicking it will erase your recording so be careful before you use it Fortunately the Undo and Redo buttons on the lower right of the display enable you to recover it should you make a mistake The second file management button contains a magnifying glass on a yellow background This is the Browse option helping you to locate and open a prerecorded sound You can also drag and drop an ACORNS USER MANUAL 57 audio file over the sound panel if you prefer this approach to using the browse option To do this with a folder of audio files open press the mouse over the file of your choice drag it over the sound panel and release the mouse Note that Hear and Respond lessons show two additional buttons an Import and an Export button This is because these lessons require you to find where the words are in a sound wave and attach the translation to those places This can be done in setup but it can also be done in a separate program If the latter is the case we want to import the sound wave with all of these an
41. can use ACORNS to easily create and then exectute these lessons Students can also create gt 9 Annotating Sound D AD ie e e T patton panne gr acing lessons as part of class projects ACORNS supporst displaying Lessons on the web so it is easy to create an gt i Manipulating Sound ian library of language lessons ACORNS has capabilities to remap the Keyboard to native language fonts gt Help he download version supports several indigenous fonts but it is easy to support other other keyboard mappings gt 8 Additional Features as well The author of the original program is Dan Harvey from Southern Oregon University harveyd sou edu We anticipate that this be a long term development project involving both undergraduate and graduate students We plan to add many additional features lesson types as the software matures We welcome and seek your comments and feedback Figure 5 2 Help command Subsection 5 4 1 Table of contents This help facility has three modes of operation This section describes the first mode called Table of Contents Here you will see interactive options based on what you would find at the front of a book Whenever you see a right facing arrow next to a line it signifies that this is a category containing sub options To view them simply click the line The sub options will drop down and the right arrow will change to a down arrow If you would like to compress the sub options again simplify
42. command p 8 0 6 Print Preview sail Print X Close 10 W Figure 2 13 Print Preview ACORNS USER MANUAL 19 Chapter 3 Working with Language Lessons Once you create a file the next step is to create a language lesson There are two modes of operation when working with language lessons The first is Setup Mode where you go through the steps needed to prepare a lesson for execution The second step is executing that lesson For those comfortable with the Microsoft Power Point application the interface is similar The difference is that instead of creating a file of slides for a presentation we create lessons for learning language Instead of presenting a slide show we execute language lessons that interact with a student Section 3 1 Creating a language lesson To create a language lesson click the tool bar icon with the light bulb You can remember this by the phrase The light bulb went on meaning you got a bright idea about what kind of lesson you want to create As described above you can also trigger this option by going through the Edit menu edit insert lesson or using the hot key control 1 or command 1 In any case the dialog box shown in Figure 3 1 will appear and you will be able to enter your Lesson Header data ACORNS Insert New Lesson Please Make a Selection Enter the lesson Iitle Enter the lesson Description Enter the lesson Name Enter lesson lay
43. corded audio files If you want to open a recording in the Sound Editor that you saved earlier you can get it back by clicking the Browse button If you preserved it using Export click the Import button instead The Import option also allows you to retrieve any work you may have created in your Hear and Respond lessons Clicking mport will open not only the sound recording but any annotations you added If you choose instead to open one of these files using the Browse option you will retrieve only the recording Subsection 13 2 4 Editing To the right of the file management commands there are three groups of editing buttons The first group allows you to copy cut and paste selected portions of a recording once you have made a selection Note that the Sound Editor allows you to cut from one panel and paste into the other The second group of buttons allows you to delete or duplicate a portion of your recording while the third allows you to silence the sound wave inside or outside of a selected area Subsection 13 2 5 Speed The Sound Editor includes speed buttons located to the right of the editing commands which allow you to play your recording either faster or slower Faster is signified by the picture of a person running while Slower shows an upheld hand Subsection 13 2 6 Volume To the right of the speed buttons you will find the volume controls including Louder Softer and Normalize Each click of the Louder or Softer buttons
44. cording With Import you can load a file you ve previously exported including all of the annotations Another minor difference from Story Book lesson setup 1s that the slider that controls which layer you are working with and the choice of language is at the bottom of the display not in the middle However though they appear in a different place on the display these controls work the same way Namely drag the slider to the layer you want to work with and use the language dropdown menu to pick the font of interest The major difference between Hear and Respond setup and Story Book setup is the text field on the bottom of the display and the three buttons at the bottom right These controls enable you to attach annotation text to sections of the sound wave as we will describe in the following sections Help The Lord s Prayer Al Link to EMAREJAI Ttept iel lasla a l lDips lorD VlsDzL DS 9D Yy a ee CED Z VJ o g iii EE Figure 11 4 Hear and Respond lesson setup Subsection 11 3 1 Annotating the audio recording Hear and Respond lessons require us to make a recording then translate it with word for word annotation The annotations you create will form the transcript that a student sees in the Lesson Display ACORNS USER MANUAL 62 when they execute your lesson The bulk of the work for setting up a Hear and Respond lesson is selecting individual words from your sound wave and then annotating th
45. cular arrow shape on it Each click will rotate the picture by ninety degrees Hear and Click lessons allow you to insert a picture to use as a background Click on a single point somewhere in the sound wave and then insert your background image using the same method discussed on page 36 by clicking the icon with the picture of the camera Hear and Click lessons assume that you want to change the background image whenever you insert a picture without first selecting an area of the sound wave ACORNS USER MANUAL 68 ESE Figure 11 9 Hear and Click selection Subsection 11 4 3 Executing a Hear and Click lesson Figure 11 10 shows a Hear and Click lesson executing Notice the pictures scattered across the display window The student listens to the story and when the story comes to the part relating to one of the pictures the playback stops The student then clicks on the correct picture If correct a bird tweet sound the default will give the student a positive feedback A squawk sound the default indicates that the student was incorrect The score panel at the upper right keeps track of how the student is doing When the story replays ACORNS picks another set of pictures randomly positions them on the display window and executes the lesson again Hear and Click lessons provide an immersive way to practice language comprehension ACORNS USER MANUAL 69 LEFT hear again DOWN stop sound
46. d paste sections of one recording into the other As you move your mouse over each button a description of its function will appear _ 4 BiG eB a tei 40 OO WEB alee Gloss English bed Native J c 4 iG eB a ei 4D OO WEB alee Gloss f English be 4 Native zi a Figure 13 1 ACORNS Sound Editor frame ACORNS USER MANUAL 76 Section 13 1 Sound Editor options At the top of the Sound Editor frame you ll see some controls independent of the Work Areas For example at the upper left there is an icon with a yellow question mark Not surprisingly this is the Help option where you can find out how to use the Sound Editor If you re working from a Windows system you will see check boxes and sliders at the top of the Sound Editor display These enable you to control the microphone boost and speaker volume Mac systems don t respond to these options so if your system is a Mac you won t see these controls At the upper right note the Annotation button showing an open folder with two arrows When you click this button the Sound Editor goes into annotation mode operating exactly as we described on page 60 Hear and Respond lessons In annotation mode you can add up to ten layers of annotations to a recorded sound Just to the right of the Annotation button there is an icon with the picture of a hammer and wrench Click this button to modify Sound Editor operation and the dialog in Figure
47. dent s job is to hear the audio and click the appropriate picture If they choose correctly they will hear by default a bird chirp and ACORNS presents another multiple choice question The four images on display will be shuffled or replaced by new ones and a new recording will play again requiring the student to guess which image it signifies If they chose incorrectly they will hear by default a bird squawk and the recorded words will replay allowing the student to try again Multiple choice lessons are thus a fun and intuitive way for students to begin associating words with concepts Subsection 10 3 1 An executing Multiple Choice lesson Figure 10 3 shows a snapshot of a Multiple Choice lesson that is executing Four pictures display and the student hears one of the audio clips attached to the top right picture On the upper right ACORNS displays the total number of questions answered so far next to the student s count of correct answers The gloss and indigenous translation show on the upper left but the student can turn this off should they desire Figure 10 4 After each correct answer the pictures and the audio change ACORNS USER MANUAL 51 Correct Answers 0 Total Questions 0 Figure 10 3 Executing Multiple Choice lesson Subsection 10 3 2 Multiple Choice execution options Figure 10 4 shows the options available when a student clicks the control button on the bottom containing the green circle The audio indigenous spel
48. describe those features that are common Section 7 1 Working with pictures Recall that when creating a language lesson you are asked to choose a lesson type To review refer to Figure 3 1 Most of these lesson types require a picture to be loaded before they can execute some lesson types require multiple pictures Subsection 7 1 1 Inserting pictures To insert a picture through the tool bar click the icon showing a camera Through the drop down menus click edit insert image You can also use the shortcut key control 1 or command 1 In any case the nsert command triggers the dialog in Figure 7 1 asking you to browse for the picture of your choice To insert your picture just click the one you want and then click the Open button If your lesson is a type that can handle only one picture at a time inserting an image when one already exists will replace the old with the new Otherwise inserting an image will add to those already loaded There is an easier way to load pictures into your lessons Just open the folder where your pictures reside Then select one or more pictures and drag them onto the ACORNS application window and release the mouse All of the selected pictures will load into the lesson Once you select an image file ACORNS will remember the folder where it is stored making it easy to access other pictures stored in the same place Pictures stored in jpg format generally work well for photographs sinc
49. e Enter or Return key on their keyboard There are instructions at the upper left of the display which serve to make the student s experience more enjoyable If a student cannot figure out what the correct word is they can click the up arrow key to view the answer To hear the phrase again they can click the left arrow key To stop a recording that is playing they can click the down arrow key If they click the right arrow key the correct answer will automatically be filled in and the lesson continues to the next blank word Of course the users are always allowed to type their answer and see if they are correct After typing the student clicks the Enter or Return key to see if they are correct and update their score They will ACORNS USER MANUAL 64 by default be greeted with a bird tweet if they are correct a frog croak if their spelling is slightly off and a squawk if they are off track After filling in all the blank words the entire story plays again letting the student listen and read along without interruption The appropriate words are highlighted as the story plays as an aid to the student After the playback the lesson executes again this time with different blank words In this way Hear and Respond lessons challenge a student to recognize spoken words and connect them to written ones Since a living language depends on people who can not only read it but comprehend it when spoken Hear and Respond lessons provide
50. e a background picture click edit then remove and then on image Subsection 12 1 4 Attaching category sentences and audio When you click on a category phrase that is already selected you will see a dialog appear This dialog is very similar to the dialog associated with many of the ACORNS lesson types Refer to Chapter 7 for more details It enables you to enter new sentences associated with a category and also provides the facility for you to record audio Unlike many ACORNS lessons it also allows entry of additional descriptive information which could contain culturally relevant information Figure 12 2 shows an example of this dialog The left side shows what will appear if you already entered a dialog sentence ACORNS USER MANUAL 12 You can use this to select and modify previous input or add additional ones The right side of the figure shows the actual entry dialog Enter audio with annotated text Font cherokee qwerty x Enter audio with annotated text x Gloss Four score and seven years ago List of sounds Please click on entry to delete or modify Native Spelling YYY G SEVG DCH SIC ZGS V Four score and seven years aga Additional Description This is part of the gettysburg address W m aee Insert Delete Modify Accept Remove Cancel Figure 12 2 Adding sentences and audio After you complete the process of adding sentences and audio you will have one or more sentences attached t
51. e they have good compression and can handle the full range of colors The ACORNS program also supports pictures in png or gif format and on other platforms additional choices could be available The gif format works well for animated pictures which show movement and are great for presenting action words or phrases ACORNS USER MANUAL 37 Acorns Select an Image File Look In c fruitsPlants peppers 512 x 512 bmp peppers 512 x 512 jpq Purple flower jpq Water lilies jpg FileName Files of Type image Files Y Open Cancel Figure 7 1 Inserting a picture into a lesson Subsection 7 1 2 Removing pictures If you want to remove a picture from your lesson use the drop down menus edit delete image For lessons that contain multiple pictures first click on the one in question to turn their border red This will tell ACORNS which one you want to remove The edit delete image option will then remove the correct one Alternatively for lessons containing multiple pictures you can press the mouse and drag the one to delete away from the application window Releasing the mouse will then remove the picture Section 7 2 Recording sounds Most lesson types also require you to attach recorded sounds to objects For the majority of these lessons you ll do all your recording in an audio dialog box like the one shown in Figure 7 2 Let s now discuss how to use
52. eaks word wrap will cause the text to flow around to the next line This entry is very similar to how most word processors work Note that the story shown in the figure uses a Tulalip font Subsection 11 2 4 Executing a Story Book lesson When you execute a Story Book lesson the lesson displays the background picture on the top with the translation text at the bottom While the student hears the audio the words in the translation highlight Because these words were not attached to exact positions of the audio in Setup Mode the highlighting will be approximate You can click the information button at the bottom of the execution panel containing the green circle to either decrease or increase the size of the font Note Figure 11 3 The word that was playing when the snapshot picture was taken is highlighted The background picture is a forest but in Setup Mode we could easily choose another picture instead We chose the background color for the text area to be blue and the words to output using white letters The font used was Tulalip In Setup Mode we also could adjust the size of the font ACORNS USER MANUAL 60 eee E a ae Figure 11 3 Story Book lesson executing Above the translation are four additional buttons These allow students be able to control how the audio plays The can pause the recording Il stop it from playing and go back to the beginning X rewind lt lt at the same speed it plays or play gt from the curren
53. ecrease difficulty level From Hard Increase font size from 36 Decrease font size from 36 Figure 11 7 Hear and Respond execution options Section 11 4 Hear and Click lessons Hear and Click lessons work very much like Hear and Respond lessons There are two major differences between these two lesson types The first difference is that Hear and Click lessons has a different recording at each lesson layer In this way a layer could contain a recording that tells the same story in a different dialect The second difference is Hear and Click lessons annotate the recording with pictures instead of words This makes Hear and Click lessons a very immersive learning experience Subsection 11 4 1 Hear and Click setup mode Figure 11 8 shows a Hear and Click lesson in Setup Mode The figure shows a sound wave at the top and pictures annotating portions of that sound wave on the bottom Notice the buttons that are on the walls of the display containing the sound wave These are very similar to those that we described on page 60 Hear and respond lessons Selecting portions of the sound wave is done exactly the same way as we described on page 56 The secondary toolbar is also very similar to what we described earlier in this chapter Please refer to those sections if you need to review In this section we will only describe those setup options that are different One difference is the rotate button shown with a picture of a curvy arrow This is needed
54. eeccscccccccceeeeseeseeceeeeeceaeeeeseeceeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 20 Section 3 3 Navigating between lessons paascoectursopescacaroeta re suneseadheoeeaiesopesenagubese ee sumeseedheoscajesupssesaaubetanest Zi SECON VAA lenne lesson OLOSE scot scsenss recused e EE Ea RS ZZ SECTION 3 5 Copying and pasing NOSSO ING ics cece cea cinccacinacecerenwsiedecinnneatdesanieannsanseateenwadeutencectuesquecnacsnacctness 22 Cn D ena a E S a A E E 23 CDn re RECON T E LOST DI e E E AE T A E RS 24 ON MG Oy A E a E E EE E N A E A 24 Section 4 2 Recovering data from backup files 2 0 eccccccccccceeeeseseeeceeceeeeaeeseeeeeceseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeaaas 24 Siere gt TC FAC MNCS os sat crest E E E A A E AE N ATE TE 25 NECHON 3 1 Feedback MESSAGES rgi aE r E EEE EEEE EEE EEE 25 PVC COM POO US E I A A A A E A E N A E E T 29 Seccion 3 Contex Dased NEID sacar cc nancaaninaies sceuandesestie ws ceuenaachiaaiienusouendade aeea 25 Secon yA Full feared help TAC MMALY senene r sooseouatweesac tupuseadaseeiode Ea 26 SUDSECHION 54 1 TaDleOl COMING seces E S 26 oH oct OE aa 116 Loo Gee nee ner ee S ee ee ee eee 2 SDE O ACN a E E E 27 Section 5 2 Abo tthe ACORNS prosta casisesieei cireni risorsi ri Eae EE E E ERETTE 28 C hapik rt O Omer OPHONS bess srsactacsaresctanednadecmeecasipadaheatuntecnsionasedccontecnsapanesentonteoustenmiateeeincastasdidaatencnenseans 29 DC CONT Oe Th TANG STIS TONG asses cc E S E E R 29 Section 6 2 Embedded fonts and keyboard layout ccecccccccssss
55. eeeeceeeeeaaeeeseseeeees 68 Subsection 11 4 4 Hear and Click execution mode options cc ceeecseeccececeeeeeeseeeccceeeeeaaaeeseeeeeees 69 Chapter 12 Masne t Gane Lessons enorer teerks cesses ated sete oxen eee need eee oe at 70 Section IZ Manet Game SeU iit atesacte tenet atesn nnd a wai eedatot 70 Subsection 12 1 1 Modifying the list Of Cate QOrieS ccc cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 71 ACORNS USER MANUAL 4 SubSection 12 1 2 SeleCUON Se and dese ECON E esnie inte sleek lcd isla 71 Subsection 12 1 3 Inserting pictures into a Magnet Game lesson cccccccccceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 71 Subsection 12 1 4 Attaching category Sentences and audio cece ecccccccececeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 71 Subsection 12 1 5 Secondary toolbar Options cccccccccccccccceeecccaeeesessesseeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeaaaaas I2 section I2 2 Macner Game CxeCutiOn y ccsiseidnias veibiseniadunedsumiieladibs a viusaastialadian 12 Subsection 12 2 1 Magnet game execution options ccccccccccccceseeeseecccceeeeasesseeeeceeeeesaaaesseeeeeess 74 Chapter i gt Ne Sound ECOL aicen a a ee ee ee 75 Section 13 1 Sound Editor Options serssieusasp a a E E 76 Section 13 2 Sond edine panels ssiri a a a e T TE E I7 SUDSCCUORn L 2L INCCOl GINO a ices die davedndeeurdaseea ve seaman dnesaennadaneaa a svaretasaueaeetens 77 SUPS COn 2 AOO E E ieee sete net aces be reemtoatt ent ane rte mma ony bir A gee en beeen T
56. er names and type return 1 tO a fb W b m e s a a e a a a G Figure 3 1 Create lesson dialog You are required to make at least two inputs at this point First click the drop down arrows beside the ACORNS USER MANUAL 20 Please Make a Selection field then select a lesson type We ll describe the differences between lesson types in subsequent chapters ACORNS supports a variety of lesson types and we expect that this list will expand as we continue to enhance the ACORNS application The second required entry is the lesson title You can choose any title you like to identify your lesson You re not required to make an entry in the Lesson Name field but it is important Later you will learn how to build links between lessons in your file to do this you will need a lesson name It s a good idea to choose a short one or two word name which you find easy to remember The Lesson Description is for informational purposes only In the future we may implement search engine features to locate lessons according to what this field contains The Lesson Description allows you to state the lesson s purpose in your own words free form You may leave this field blank for now if you wish Every lesson type can have up to ten layers and you can identify each of these layers with a descriptive name Students will see these names when the lesson executes Lesson layers can be used to
57. ey heard to how they say it ACORNS USER MANUAL 43 i 7 The chain button is of course a link By clicking this button students can switch to a related lesson If your lesson does not feature links the Link button will not show By clicking on this button a student will switch to the lesson linked to this one Recall the discussion of lesson links on page 40 E This green button is for additional Options signified by a green circle and the letter 1 provides access to information and lesson settings When students click this button a pop up menu will appear with additional options The user settings are remembered by ACORNS after they are altered by a student this is also true when lessons are posted on the Web Execution Mode options vary based on lesson type so we ll describe them as we go el This button provides specific help that applies to the type of lesson that is executing Finally note the text French that appears to the left of Figure 8 1 This is the name of the lesson layer Suppose you use your layers to represent different dialects You can name the layers so that students can distinguish between them when they execute a lesson Section 8 2 Exiting execution mode You can exit Execution Mode in several ways to go back to Setup Mode First you can click on the button with the green circle and select Exit play mode from the popup menu Easier still you can simply click the escape key Finally you can click
58. g Lessons on the web so it is easy to create an Import n line library of language lessons ACORNS has capabilities to remap the Keyboard to native language fonts he download version supports several indigenous fonts but it is easy to support other other keyboard mappings New as well Open Properties he author of the original program is Dan Harvey from Southern Oregon University harveyd sou edu We Recent anticipate that this be a long term development project involving both undergraduate and graduate students We plan to add many additional features lesson types as the software matures We welcome and seek your comments Save and feedback Save as w Hear and Respond Lessons Execute Introd urtian Figure 5 3 Index mode Subsection 5 4 3 Search In the Search mode of operation when you enter a word in the Find field the Help facility will display a list of pages containing that word along with the sentence in the page that contains it A particular page might be listed more than once indicating that more than one match exists on that page In Figure 5 4 we are searching for the word sound A list of all the pages containing it display on the left The first matching page displays on the right highlighting the word sound wherever it appears Click any of the pages shown on the left and it will display on the right Note that page 7 shows twice This is because the word sound occurs twice on that page ACORNS USER MANUAL 28
59. hasis factor 0 97 _ Filter type Hamming nee Default recordina device lw Hamming window size 126 625 Ao 3 en FRO NEE EE Hamming window shift 10 0 Voice activation window size 20 ee Voice activation threshold 1 0 Low pass frequency 8 Number of Mel filters 40 46000 3 Minimum Mel frequen 130 0 Frame rate 16000 Signal to trim from front oO oe alia HES por sampla 16 M Maximum Mel frequency 8192 0 Channels 4 Round to next zero amplitude yes a a F 7 Number of Cepstral features 13 Big endian no i A ue Maximum recording length 1 0 RF Encoding signed Featurevector mask 8191 Averaged yes J acca ees Figure 6 5 Audio recording options Section 6 6 Convert video to animated pictures Smart phones or camcorders are inexpensive devices that you can use to record someone sitting down standing up moving arms or doing other things The ACORNS program lets you convert these movies into animated pictures and then use them in ACORNS lessons that you create Let s now describe how you can do this First click on the icon oe on the ACORNS primary toolbar Alternatively you can do the same thing when you click on the ACORNS edit drop down menu and then on the Movie to Animation selection After invoking this option a file chooser dialog appears that enables you to browse and select a movie file Figure 6 6 shows an example of this dialog as it appears on Windows systems Note however that file chooser dialogs are
60. hat relate to each magnet game category For example under the category A friendly greeting you might add sentences like Hi how are you doing or It is good to see you today along with the appropriate audio recordings Subsection 12 1 5 Secondary toolbar options The top of Figure 12 1 displays the secondary toolbar The components of this toolbar are very similar to those of other lesson types and they affect how magnet game lessons operate when they execute For example the slider allows you to have up to ten layers in a lesson where each layer can represent a different dialect or level of difficulty The color icons allow you to customize the color of the magnets and the color of the text that appears within them The size drop down menu lets you control the size of the font that displays The help facility provides on line help which is useful if you need more instruction while you are setting up a new lesson The link button allows you to connect this lesson with another lesson in an ACORNS file of lessons Clicking on this button causes a dialog window to appear where you enter the name of the lesson that you want to link to Section 12 2 Magnet Game execution Once you have inserted your categories attached pictures and some sentences with audio recordings your lesson is ready to execute To execute click on the icon that looks like a lightning bolt Figure 12 3 shows a magnet game lesson that is executing ACORNS USER MANUAL 73
61. he appropriate annotation on the sound wave and you will see the original spelling appear in the text field Type your correction in the field as you want it to appear then click the Fix icon This is the button showing a wrench and screwdriver just beneath the Add button Your new text will replace the old To delete an annotation select the portion as described then click the Garbage button The annotation will disappear If you select an area in the sound wave that already contains annotations type some text and then click add the new text will replace those that were there previously ACORNS USER MANUAL 63 The Lord s Prayer 20 m iy Al lt lt lt gt gt gt 4a GG EEC CES SA i Ae i MN il ih Mi Y nye ee Wi 4 i ail Al Whe IH i i Ht ha Al eal bs Tne __4 i M i ba Annotation gt English Text a Figure 11 5 Hear and Respond selection Subsection 11 3 2 Executing a Hear and Respond lesson Hear and Respond lessons consist of a lengthy recording like a speech or a story that plays while the student reads along from a transcript shown on their Lesson Display However some of the words in the transcript are missing and the student s job is to type in the blank words Figure 11 6 illustrates a Hear and Respond lesson in execution Notice the blank words shown Those are the ones the student needs to fill in To do this they will type into the text field at the top and then hit th
62. ich looks like a spider web Make Web Page 1s also an option under the File menu The dialog that comes up looks much like the one we used for exporting files except that it includes some fields that allow you to customize how the web page will look Figure 2 8 shows an example i AANO Acorns Create a Web Page Desktop FH Web Page Options en NEI Date Modified m Sound File Types Image File Types Title Blue Hills O a O T D Background Color z O aif i aise Web Page Width 950 wav jpg AcornsRelease Thursday December 20 Web Page Height 550 TID te te BB te File Format Web Page Files HH New Folder Cancel a Mi he a an Figure 2 8 Web page creation dialog ACORNS USER MANUAL 15 Note the box titled Web Page Options The default title comes from the active lesson 1 e the lesson highlighted in the Lesson List You created this title when you added that lesson to the file However you might want to change the title in this field to something representative of all the lessons in your file not just the active one Whatever title you choose it will serve to identify your web page To alter the size of your web page change the default width and height An error message will show on the bottom line of the ACORNS frame should you enter an illegal value The background color you choose will fill the area on the web page that surrounds the Lesson Display The default is a light gray A sample of
63. igure 7 6 to appear Picture and Sound lessons allow you to create and manipulate links just as you can do with acorns dragging them to any part of your picture or removing them by dropping them off the edge of the panel These links are useful for many reasons For example if you have a Picture and Sound lesson showing a person you might want to link to another lesson with a picture of just the person s face Additional lessons can provide students with finer and finer levels of detail After you ve finished managing your links remember to click the Acorn button again to the left of the Link button Otherwise you re setup to make more links not acorns ACORNS USER MANUAL 46 Section 9 2 Executing Picture and Sound lessons ACORNS AC quisition O f Rjestored N ative S peech Play Mode yuwe VV 4440 OW Aw LL Click on Acorns to hear Sounds gt black Click on Anchors to go to another Link Click Anchors below to get to Main Index All Lesson Sets Set 1 Lessons Index Set 2 Lessons Index Set 3 Lessons Index Set 4 Lessons Index Set 5 Lessons Index j Numbers Set 6 Lessons Index 3 Set 7 Lessons Index Set 8 Lessons Index IG O EIS odio KA Figure 9 2 An executing Picture and Sound lesson Figure 9 2 shows a Picture and Sound lesson in execution Actually this ACORNS file contains seven Picture and Sound lessons The first lesson filling the entire Lesson Display area is
64. ing volume it s a good practice to try Normalize first If the sound is still too soft or loud you can make your adjustments from there Each click of the volume buttons will adjust the level by ten percent Note that the Normalize button can appear not to work in which case it may be responding to a very short very loud segment in your recording the normalize function will not allow even that section to distort Section 11 2 Story Book lessons Story Book lessons require the audio for a story a picture that describes the story and the entry of the translation going with the story The different layers can each have their own translation perhaps into differing dialects The Story Book setup displays in Figure 11 2 ACORNS USER MANUAL 58 Help Lord s Prayer i 1 l i i i i wis Scale 150 Al ii Font 20 E BE Linkto af al Keyboard remapped to Tulalip Figure 11 2 Story Book lesson setup At the top of Figure 11 2 is the secondary toolbar just below that is the representation of the sound wave and at the bottom is the translation text The first step to prepare a Story Book lesson is inserting your background picture You accomplish this by using the standard ACORNS insert picture methodology as we described on page36 After you insert your picture you will see it appear as background in the sound wave portion of the setup panel Figure 11 2 illustrates a background forest picture Subsection 11 2 1 Story Book lesson
65. ing your table just click the down arrow and watch them disappear You can make them appear and disappear as many times as you like If a line does not contain sub options instead of an arrow it will show the image of a notebook page Click this line and information will appear in the display to the right For an illustration note Figure 5 2 The line entitled Introduction 1s open as you can see by the down arrow to its left It contains one sub option Overview marked by a page instead of an arrow Other ACORNS USER MANUAL Zi lines show a right arrow meaning they possess hidden sub options Meanwhile on the right side of the window the selected sub option Overview is available to read Subsection 5 4 2 Index Figure 5 3 illustrates the Index mode of operation It works in a similar way to the Table of Contents mode but with one difference The left of the display is organized like the index of a book by subject alphabetically including a Find feature that allows you to search the Help database OOO ACORNS AC quisition O f R estored N ative S peec i 5 Table Of Contents Index Search gt eee Se ACORNS Overview Y ACORNS Help he purpose of this package is to support language revitalization efforts of Native American tribes Hence its vi p i name AC quisition O f R estored N ative S peech The software is open source and can be freely used for ont EEEE non commercial purposes It confor
66. ink to other lessons in this file and use the slider to change layers Additionally you can use the two buttons on the right to copy acorns from one layer to another Note ACORNS USER MANUAL 45 though that this operation will copy the acorns but not the audio It is a useful option 1f you want the acorns to be in the same spots in different layers Numbers e __ Help My River Home Layer P PAN Link to is Dl D Layer Names h w Nu J Click on Acorns 1 to hear Sounds gt 9 i oO on Click on Anchors to go to another Link i Lesson 7 Pictures and Sounds My River Home My River Home Name for Lesson Links My River Home Click Anchors below to get to Layer Names Main Index All Lesson Sets Set 1 Lessons Index Little Friends PREE ile C Documents and Settings HarveyD My Documents temp newExportimportilessonsets1 8 Inx Opened Figure 9 1 Picture and Sound setup Picture and Sound lessons provide another way to link lessons together other than that presented on page 40 Notice that in Figure 9 1 the Acorn icon appears depressed while the Link icon to its right is not When you click the Link icon it will depress and the Acorn icon will release Now you can create links to other lessons simply click anywhere on the picture This will cause the dialog from F
67. iple sounds to a single picture In most cases you can access this dialog simply by clicking on the picture to which you attached a sound however this may vary from one lesson type to another We will focus on any differences in later chapters SO Enter Audio with Annotated Text List of Sounds Please Click on Entry to Delete or Modify bear a Delete Modify Insent Figure 7 4 Modify delete or modify audio recordings The ability to attach multiple sounds to a single picture is useful when there is more than one word for that image or when you want to refer to it in more than one way For instance if you are attaching sounds to the image of a running dog you might want to include words for Dog Run Brown and Eager You might also choose to record several different sentences about the dog How you decide to use this feature is up to your imagination If you want to remove or modify an existing sound look in the white box for the gloss you entered earlier Click the gloss and then click Delete Modify The dialog from Figure 7 2 or Figure 7 3 will display allowing you to record over the sound erase it by clicking Remove or change the text fields if you wish If you want to add another recording click the Insert button and you will be allowed to record an additional sound Figure 7 4 shows only one recording bear is the gloss that was entered If you add multiple recordings the list of gloss text for the
68. l them whether they are correct incorrect or almost correct The default audio that sounds is a bird tweet for a correct answer a Squawk for an incorrect answer and a frog croak for an answer that is not quite correct You have the option to override these feedbacks with one or more expressions in your indigenous language for each category of feedback To activate this option click on tools feedback recordings A dialog comes up as shown in Figure 6 3 Note the three buttons that the dialog contains If you wish to modify the feedback for correct answers click on the button labeled correct Similarly you can modify the feedback for incorrect or not quite correct by clicking the appropriate button After clicking the button of choice a dialog appears also shown in Figure 6 3 This is the exact same dialog we use to manually enter recordings for many of the lesson types We will describe this dialog in detail in the next chapter Correct Incorrect Not quite correct b j L Co eara Enter Audio with Annotated Text Font secwepemc Gloss Native Spelling gt E 2 Browse j it gt al Accept Remove Figure 6 3 Indigenous audio feedback ACORNS USER MANUAL 32 Section 6 4 Options command The Options command can be found under the Tools menu When you execute this option the dialog shown in Figure 6 4 will display These op
69. l and web site contact information Figure 5 5 gives an example of what this display looks like About ACORNS ACORNS A 2 guisition OF RJjestored Native 5 peech version 6 0 Copyright 2009 Dan Harvey All rights reserved Conkack harveyd sou edu http fics sou edujcs harveyd acorns This product is Freeware but its intention is to support tribal language revitalization efforts Wie hope that the software is useful but provide no guarantees of its suitability For any purpose It is not to be sold For profit or be reverse engineered Use of this software implies agreement to abide by these terms Please contact the author with questions or comments Figure 5 5 About ACORNS ACORNS USER MANUAL 29 Chapter 6 Other Options The ACORNS program has some other options that are less used yet can come in handy The following sections describe these features Section 6 1 Indigenous fonts The ACORNS program supports indigenous keyboard fonts They will apply anywhere in the program that you can enter or display an indigenous word The fonts must be true type fonts ttf industry standard and installed on your system The ACORNS program also responds to keyboard mappings created using Tavultesoft software on Windows or the Ukelele application on Macs In this section we focus on true type font installation and use On Windows systems you can install fonts by copying the ttf files to the Windows Fonts folder On Mac
70. le you to change layers to navigate between other lessons that might be in the file to record and playback audio to compare your pronunciation to that in the lesson and to get help should you need it The middle button the one with the green circle contains options specific to magnet games When you click on the middle button the options shown in Figure 12 4 will appear You can click to reset the game and display another random set of magnets to increase or decrease the difficulty level meaning more or less magnets will appear or to change the font size of the text that appears in the magnets Reset game Increase difficulty level from Moderate Decrease difficulty level from Moderate Increase Font size From 12 Decrease Font size From 12 Figure 12 4 Magnet game options ACORNS USER MANUAL 75 Chapter 13 The Sound Editor The Sound Editor was originally a stand alone program In ACORNS Version 3 we integrated it to run as part of the ACORNS application To execute click the icon showing a speaker and a slider found at the top of your ACORNS frame You can also launch it through the Edit menu Alternatively you can execute the Sound Editor as a stand alone program by clicking its icon in your ACORNS folder As shown in Figure 13 1 below the Sound Editor has two identical work areas or Sound Panels each with the same set of buttons Thus you can record and edit two separate sounds in the same session You can also copy an
71. led gt gt moves the second card in the pile to the top Finally the button labeled causes ACORNS to choose a random card from the pile and bring that one to the top Students can also manually move cards between piles If you wish to do this click your mouse on a pile drag to one of the other piles and finally release over the destination The card will move to that destination pile gt nd A Ms i NS ee 33 a 2 ge ae D Nes TA a a a rm am E 5 Figure 10 5 An executing Flash Card lesson Subsection 10 4 1 Flash Card execution options There are two options that users can choose should they click on the Information control button on the bottom of the display window The first allows them to switch between seeing gloss and indigenous text in the list of phrases The second option is a reset which causes the lesson to shuffle the cards move all the cards back to the left pile and alter the order in which the expressions appear Section 10 5 Moving Picture lesson The moving picture lesson displays four pictures that move about the display window When the user clicks on one of these attached audio plays and the gloss and indigenous text that corresponds shows at the top Periodically every twenty or thirty seconds one of these pictures will change ACORNS USER MANUAL 53 Figure 10 6 An executing Moving Pictures lesson Figure 10 6 shows a Moving Picture lesson executing Note the fou
72. ling and or gloss translations can be turned off and on If any of these are off the menu will change to say Turn On instead of Turn Off Turn Sound Off Turn Native Spelling Off Turn Translation Off Help Exit Play Mode Figure 10 4 Multiple Choice popup options Section 10 4 Flash Card lesson Flash card lessons display three piles of flash cards and a list of phrases or expressions that apply to those cards On each card there is a picture describing the phrases or words that are attached Students click on the top card of a pile to hear one of the audio recordings attached to it They then click on the ACORNS USER MANUAL 52 correct phrase or word which corresponds to the audio they heard By default they will hear a bird tweet if they clicked were correct or a squawk if they were incorrect If correct a new card comes to the top of the pile and the game continues Initially all of the pictures are in the pile to the left After enough correct answers the ACORNS program will move a top card to the middle pile After more correct answers cards move to the rightmost pile The goal of the game is to get all of the cards to the rightmost pile An example of the Flash Card lesson in action is shown in Figure 10 5 Notice the three piles of cards and the list at the bottom Also notice the three buttons under each card The button labeled lt lt enables the student to move the bottom card to the top similarly the button labe
73. me Executing a lesson shows us what the student will see If we make a web page out of an ACORNS file the lessons it contains will execute in a browser window when the student visits that page on the Web or opens the file from a CD In this case there will be no lightning bolt icon for a student to click because the lesson will execute automatically Section 8 1 Lesson execution controls When you execute a lesson a series of control buttons will show at the bottom of the display These are consistent from one lesson type to another Figure 8 1 for example displays the execution control buttons that display when a Flash Card lesson executes We will now describe the purpose of these buttons Note that if you move your mouse over any these buttons a short description of its purpose will display French ces ed ea CY JC ET Figure 8 1 Flash card lesson controls Clicking these green arrows will move your students up or down through your stack of layers fie These four buttons allow students to navigate between your lessons Moving from left to right respectively they mean 1 go to first lesson 2 go to previous lesson 3 go to next lesson and 4 go to last lesson If a student clicks on Previous or Next when none exists a beep will sound ol gt i I These three buttons allows students to record their own audio as the lesson plays This is a useful feature for students that want to compare what th
74. ms to best practice criteria for working with linguistic data in that it supports Export Files industry standard export and import facilities Import Files i p o he ACORNS program allows language instructors and students to easily prepare and execute files containing language lessons The software is intuitive and requires minimal technical training Each file contains a series of lessons that link together through use of mouse clicks Presently the program supports Picture and Sound execute Lessons Multiple Choice Lessons and Hear and Respond Lessons v File Header Edit Command Default File Names he Picture and Sound lessons allow you to attach recordings to places on a picture By clicking on the picture you will hear the attached sounds Multiple Choice lessons attach a group of recordings to a series of pictures The File Properties student hears a sound and clicks on the appropriate picture These lessons are much like those used in the Modify Files ommercial Rosetta Stone product Our country uses Rosetta Stone to train our diplomats Hear and Respond v Files jlessons contain a recording annotated with text Students hear the recording and type in blank words or phrases Clean his type of lesson facilitates comprehension and learning correct spellings Delete Language instructors can use ACORNS to easily create and then exectute these lessons Students can also create Export lessons as part of class projects ACORNS supporst displayin
75. n Section 9 1 Picture and Sound setup mode Setting up a Picture and Sound lesson involves two steps inserting your picture then creating and positioning the acorns Recall page 36 for instructions on how to insert the image Once that step is complete just click any part of your image where you would like to attach a sound The audio dialog will appear as discussed on page 37 and after you finish recording an acorn will appear at the spot you clicked To record multiple sounds just click the same acorn again When a student clicks an acorn with multiple sounds attached the program will select one from the list randomly Sometimes the acorn you create might not attach precisely to the spot you want Just place your mouse cursor over it and holding the mouse button down drag the acorn wherever you like If you want to get rid of an acorn drag it off the panel Figure 9 1 shows a Picture and Sound lesson in Setup Mode Notice the secondary tool bar at the top of the Lesson Display area on the right recall page 39 The controls on this tool bar allow you to customize your Picture and Sound lesson Here you can view your lesson title displayed at the top of the panel rotate your image using the button marked by a picture of a partial circle alter the size of your picture by clicking the drop down Size menu get help about the Picture and Sound Setup Mode through the Help button click the anchor button to the right of the text Link to to l
76. n analogy is a person throwing many rocks into a pool The pattern of i waves that result are a combination of all the different patterns Each rock represents one frequency The spectrograph shows the frequencies vertically on the display The lowest frequencies show at the bottom the highest freqencies show at the top The darker colors represent frequencies that are louder You can see word boundaries with the spectrograph display but they are sometimes not very distinct Frequency The frequency domain displays shows the frequencies over a particular Domain A gt selection The low frequencies show to the left and the high frequencies show to the right The loudness displays vertically louder frequencies display higher in the window display This display format will help us implement speech recognition capabilities For example you might record a vowel sound like ah and display the sound in the time domain When you zoom in You will see a reqularly repeating pattern The frequency domain shows which sound frequencies combine to create this pattern The frequency domain is for display only The ACORNS sound editor al disables the ability to select or zoom when you are in this mode Just v Figure 5 4 Search mode Section 5 5 About the ACORNS program The About option can be found under the Help menu When you trigger this option you will see information about the current version of the program as well as emai
77. n with a white background is the one that is selected You can change the selection by clicking on another phrase in the list If you click on a phrase that is already selected a dialog box will appear we will discuss this below Occasionally you might want to deselect a phrase To do this with the control key depressed click again on the highlighted list item and ACORNS will then removes the highlight Subsection 12 1 3 Inserting pictures into a Magnet Game lesson Once you properly add a category you can attach a picture to it if you wish To do this first select the category phrase and then insert your picture You can do this by using the ACORNS insert image command or by dragging and dropping Chapter 7 of this document provides more details After you do this you will see an miniature view of the picture appear in the phrase list under the camera icon It is also easy to recover should you insert a picture incorrectly The easiest way is to click the undo icon A second way is to select the phrase containing the picture then click on the ACORNS edit menu then on delete and finally on image A third way is to click on the image and drag it off the setup panel Any of these actions will cause ACORNS to remove the picture from the list Magnet game lessons can also have an overall background picture To insert a background picture follow the insert picture procedure just described without having any of the list items selected To remov
78. n you decide that a change you ve made was a mistake Clicking Undo will restore the lesson to the way it was before you made the change The Redo command is useful when after clicking Undo you realize that the change you made wasn t a mistake after all Clicking Redo will restore the change Note that Figure 4 1 shows Undo as ghosted signifying that there are no changes to undo If we click Redo the Undo button will activate and the Redo button will be ghosted Section 4 2 Recovering data from backup files When you save a file the changes can no longer be recovered using the Undo and Redo options However there is still a way to proceed When you save your work the file is saved with an nx extension The extension should be typed in lower case but note the spelling L N X Each time you perform subsequent saves ACORNS automatically creates a copy of your file as it was before you made any changes Thus if you make a mistake in saving all is not lost you can restore the previous version The earlier version however will be saved with a bak extension The version older than that will be renamed with a bk2 extension To recover the previously saved files simply rename the bak file or bk2 file making sure to use an Inx extension The process of renaming varies from platform to platform In Windows for example view the folder where your file is stored right click on the file and select Rename Hopefully if you are careful you
79. ne alert Relea der eas 44 Section 9 1 Picture and Sound set p Mode soreness en anne E 44 Section 9 2 Executing Picture and Sound IeSSOMS ccccccccccccceeeeesseeeecececaaeeeseeeceeeeeeeuaeeseeeeeeseeeaaas 46 Chapter 10 Lessons with Multiple Pictures 2 cctosies te cols seven A ecestade ete atond ema ecvatons 49 Section 10 Merins PEE an E E E 49 Section 10 2 Setup mode for lessons with multiple pictures n ennsssssesoeeessssssssserrsssssssseeerrsssssssses 49 section 0 3 Multiple Choice less0iar neaei a edera eae 50 Subsection 10 3 1 An executing Multiple Choice lesson sseeeenssssssssseerrsssssssseerrsssssssseeeressssss 50 Subsection 10 3 2 Multiple Choice execution Options cccccccccssssssseccecceeeeeeeeseccceeeeesaaaeseeeeeeees 51 section JOAPlasi Card 1ESSOM cisnes inia ia a E E E E E ete 51 Subsection 10 4 1 Flash Card execution options s ssssseeesessssssseeeressssssssserressssssseererssssssseeerresssss 52 Section 10S Moy me Pretire eSSON nier aena E E 52 Secon OO Picuondai y TESS ON in E TO A EE 53 Chapter Les try based LESSONS caen a a aa a a ape eidain ca cal eaiee vacate cewedials 55 section Tl Sound ediino Teure Sennen E a vou suntaledienys 55 Subsection 11 1 1 Recording button prO Pesisir E E A 55 SUDSECHIOM LEZ ZOO Teatur S aie A E E eas heecetaena 56 Subsection 11 1 3 Making selections within a recording seeeeessssssssseeresssssssseerrsssssssseeerrssssss 56 Subsection 11
80. notations Similarly we might want to export the sound wave with all of the annotations for use by other programs Subsection 11 1 5 Editing a recording Setup Mode allows some limited ways to edit a recording Refer to the group of three buttons at the top of your display just to the right of the file management buttons discussed in the previous subsection These allow you to cut or copy a piece of the recording from one place to another The icon with the scissor is to cut the icon containing two sheets of paper is to copy and the rightmost of the three is to paste Further to the right there are four more buttons The one with the large X lets you delete a piece of a recording once you ve selected it The one showing two sheets of paper allows you to duplicate the piece of the recording you ve selected Next to the right are two buttons with wavy blue lines These are Mute buttons the one on the left allows you to silence the part of a sound wave outside of your selection while the one on the right silences the part selected Subsection 11 1 6 Sound volume controls To control the volume of your recording refer to the group of three buttons at the top of your display just to the right of the editing buttons The green button with the plus sign makes the sound louder the green button with the minus sign makes it softer The button with the up and down arrow normalizes the sound making it as loud as possible without distortion When adjust
81. nstall those fonts or keyboard layouts onto their systems The folder MyDocuments acornsFiles on Windows systems Documents acornsFiles on MAC systems and acornsFiles on Linux system contain sub directories to hold custom fonts and keyboard layouts Within the acornsFiles folder custom fonts are stored within the Fonts folder and keyboard layouts are stored within the keyLayoutFiles folder Any True Type Font with a ttf extension that you want included when you make a Web page out of an ACORNS file of lessons should be stored in the Fonts subfolder Similarly any keylayout file that ACORNS USER MANUAL 31 you want to be be included should be stored in the keyLayoutFiles subfolder ACORNS does the rest automatically Any lesson that requires these fonts or keyboard layouts will execute successfully even if students don t install them on their local systems keylayout files provide instructions to alter what is normally echoed when keys are typed For example in the Secwepemc language typing a slash folloed by an a causes an accented a character to display These layouts are created with ELK a freeware application that you can download from http cs sou edu harveyd elk on MAC systems you can also use the UKELELE application to create these files Please Refer to the associated documentation for more details Section 6 3 Audio feedback When students execute ACORNS lessons often there is a feedback audio recording that plays to tel
82. nto your sound for instance to add a word or sentence that got left out Select where to insert the new sound by clicking the sound wave in your display Press the Record button add your sound and press Stop The new sound will be sandwiched in the middle of the old Next note the three buttons on the top right of the display one with a hand facing left one with a tiny sound wave next to an arrow and the third with a hand facing right The button with the sound wave and the arrow will select your entire recording when you click it The other two buttons allow you to select only the beginning or end Just click anywhere on your sound wave then click the left facing hand It will select everything to the left of your mouse click all the way to the beginning Predictably the right facing hand will select everything to the right of it all the way to the end To select a portion from the middle of your recording simply position the mouse at one end of the portion you want to select drag it to the other end then release the mouse button You will see the area highlighted There are many reasons you might choose to select only a portion of your sound First you might need to delete it Second you might want to focus on a single word or phrase in which case you can make a selection press Play and listen only to that excerpt Third you might need to rerecord a portion of your sound In that case select the defective portion as described a
83. of the ACORNS frame in Figure 1 1 Clicking these icons will trigger one of the more common operations that ACORNS performs Less common operations are not found on the tool bar they can be accessed in other ways If you rest your ACORNS USER MANUAL mouse over any of the icons shown a short description of its operation will appear alem O C 2 Figure 1 2 ACORNS icon toolbar a i cij i on iy There is an alternate method for executing ACORNS options At the top of the frame is a series of menu selections Figure 1 3 shows what happens if you click the File selection a list of clickable options drops down Edit Window Tools Help Ld New es Open By Save i Save As Ey nor Import a tr z leh GF me Vake V EU L dyg 1 Users harveyd Desktop lesson Inx 2 Users harveyd acornFiles sillyshapes lnx Exit g Figure 1 3 ACORNS dropdown menu Note that the most commonly used options in Figure 1 3 have an icon next to them Less common options do not for example look at the Properties option If all the menu options had icons the ACORNS frame would grow quite cluttered In Figure 1 3 the menu also indicates hot key or shortcut options For example N means that the user can trigger the New option by typing command control n In other words hold down the control key tap the N key then release the control key Note On MAC systems the shortcut 1s
84. on See Olio a Figure 11 10 Hear and Click lesson execution There are keyboard options the student can use to control the lesson If a student cannot figure out which picture to click they can click the up arrow key to view the answer ACORNS will draw a red border around the correct answer To hear the playback again they can click the left arrow key To stop a recording that is playing they can click the down arrow key If they click the right arrow key the playback continues the story and will stop at the next point Subsection 11 4 4 Hear and Click execution mode options Should the student click on the green Information icon at the bottom of the frame the popup shown in Figure 11 11 will appear Reset lesson Increase difficulty level from Hard Decrease difficulty level From Hard Select continuous play mode Figure 11 11 Hear and Click execution mode options The student can reset the lesson to redisplay different pictures at different places They can also alter the difficulty level A greater difficulty level will cause more pictures to show in the display area Continuous play will play the entire recording with a short pause between the playback points that correspond to each picture and highlight the correct picture with a red border as it plays After completing the lesson the lesson executes again and the pictures and where they display will vary each time ACORNS USER MANUAL 70 Chapter 12 Magnet Game Les
85. ory rr yprryrry A Fonts 12 Link to iodo y i aee historical quotes aaa historical quotes Figure 12 1 Magnet Game setup mode ACORNS USER MANUAL 71 Subsection 12 1 1 Modifying the list of categories To enter an additional category you type a phrase into the text box at the bottom of the setup panel and then click the leftmost button containing the picture of a plus sign When you do this you will see the phrase appear as an entry in the list displayed in the middle of the setup panel Use this same procedure to continue adding category phrases until you are finished If you make a mistake it is easy to correct your errors First select the category phrase that you want to fix by clicking on it You will see the phrase become highlighted and the phrase will also appear in the text box at the bottom of the setup panel If you want to change the spelling simply edit the text field and then click the edit icon button the one containing the picture of the wrench and screwdriver The category shown in the list of phrases will reflect your change It is also easy to delete a phrase in the list First select it as just described and then click on the button containing a picture of a garbage can This will remove it from the list of phrases If you make a change and then want to undo it simply click the undo icon on the main ACORNS toolbar Subsection 12 1 2 Selecting and deselecting As mentioned above the phrase show
86. ose portions of the recording Once you ve finished ACORNS takes it from there the lesson is ready to play However note that executing a Hear and Respond lesson will not make much sense unless you annotate each word of your story For a thirty second recording this process could take up to an hour or somewhat less once you get familiar with the process To create an annotation for your recording first zoom in so you can more easily work with it Page 56 Next select Page 56 a portion of the recording and press the Play button to make sure the selection starts and ends in just the right place Once you re happy with the selection you ve made you are ready to translate it Figure 11 5 shows an example of a zoomed in recording with a portion selected Click the Text field at the bottom of the frame and type your annotation text translation of the word selected into it Note that if you enter n characters into an annotation they will show as line breaks when the lesson executes This gives you more control over the output When you are done typing click the Add button marked by a large black plus sign near the lower right side of your display Clicking Add will make the new annotation appear beneath the selection as shown by the purple text in the figure If your annotation is too long to display horizontally in the space provided it will display vertically You can alter an annotation after you ve created it Just click anywhere within t
87. properly displaying the native text This information will be preserved by ACORNS in any of its recording dialogs so long as you use the Export option to save the entered data 80
88. ption to work on files that were exported ACORNS USER MANUAL 13 Section 2 6 Closing a file when you are finished If you are finished working with a file use the Close command The Close icon appears as a red X You can also select Close from the drop down File menu Should you forget to save before closing ACORNS will remind you with an alert message as shown in Figure 2 6 If you don t want to keep the changes made since your last save click the No button Clicking Yes will save your work under the name you ve previously assigned to the file If you click Yes for a file that doesn t yet have a name ACORNS will assign it the default name acorns Instead of clicking Yes in this case it s a good idea to click Cancel then use the Save As option Once the file is saved you can again try the close option BOM Acorns Close File Dialog i Users harveyd Desktop Autumn iInx was not saved AK Do you want to save now Cancel S Nia P iar Figure 2 6 Close file dialog Section 2 7 ACORNS file properties One of the options you can select from the File menu is Properties When you select this option a dialog appears as shown in Figure 2 7 Here you can indicate the language to which your file applies the author who created the file and a description of the lessons in the file At present these data are optional and for informational purposes only You can ignore this entry 1f you wish OO O Users harveyd Desktop
89. r pictures The student just clicked the raven we know this because of the text that displays at the top In setup we chose a forest background picture We also chose a green background with text displaying in a shade of blue The options for this lesson should the student click on the Information button at the bottom of the display are the same as exists in Multiple Choice lessons Namely the gloss and native text and the audio can be turned on or off Section 10 6 Pictionary lesson A Pictionary lesson contains a group of pictures that display when students execute the lesson Behind each picture is a first language description along with a translation into the native language Each picture also may contain additional culturally relevant information and an audio recording If too many pictures exist in the lesson to fit a scroll bar will appear to enable the student to effectively navigate between them The idea behind Pictionary lessons is for a language teacher to pick a subject like animals for example and then create a dictionary in pictures that students can use to reinforce their learning experience Figure 10 7 shows a Pictionary lesson in execution Note the popup window a dialog like this displays when you click on one of the pictures You can click on more than one picture and have multiple dialogs open at once Pictionary lessons can have a screensaver picture in the background ex the forest scene shown in the figure ACORNS
90. r program On Macs click Macintosh HD and browse to the folder containing your ACORNS files 3 If the ACORNS program is already open you can simply drag the file from its folder and drop it on the ACORNS program application window 4 Finally on MAC systems you can drag the file over the ACORNS application icon to launch the application with the file automatically open ACORNS USER MANUAL 10 Ei Cy Acorns Open File Desktop H Date Modified a acorn01 Inx Thursday December 20 2007 12 02 PM l Acorns Thursday December 13 2007 2 42 PM J AcornsRelease Friday December 14 2007 10 09 AM wh animal choice Inx Wednesday December 19 2007 8 52 PM wh Autumn inx Thursday December 20 2007 3 13 PM E E m E E i File Format Acorn Files H Cancel Open Minas Figure 2 3 Open file dialog Section 2 3 Saving your work When you are finished working with an ACORNS file and periodically while you re working you ll want to save your work Click either the Save or Save As icons on the tool bar The Save icon is a picture of a cassette or as some will recognize a diskette The Save As icon has a picture of two diskettes Of course you can also trigger these options using the drop down menu options file save or file save as Alternatively the Save option has a shortcut key control s or command s It is a good idea to save your work frequently You wouldn t want to
91. re 13 3 Sample spectrograph display The third button offers a frequency analysis of a particular portion of a recording which is a very useful tool for developing speech recognition technology The last button plots cepstral coefficients also essential for speech recognition Again don t worry if you don t understand the last couple of statements The primary purpose in providing these modes is to help us in our research to develop further capabilities for ACORNS software You will probably find the default display sufficient for your project however feel free to see what your sound wave looks like in different modes Subsection 13 2 8 Selection On the far right notice the three selection buttons Making selections in the Sound Editor is done exactly as described on page 56 Subsection 13 2 9 Undo and redo The undo and redo buttons can be found on the lower right area of a Sound Panel When you alter the audio ACORNS records its original state Clicking on the undo button The one with icon containing an arrow pointing to the left the original wave before the changes is restored Clicking on the icon with the arrow pointing right will repeat the change should you want it after all Subsection 13 2 10 Gloss and native text The two text fields at the bottom of the Sound Panel allow you to enter gloss first language and native ACORNS USER MANUAL text to annotate the recording The drop down gives you a chance to select a font for
92. rent on other platforms like Windows XP This is because it will follow your platform s standard Note that the dialog is very similar to that of Figure 2 3 for opening files The difference is that the button on the bottom says save instead of open E i Acorns Save File Save As Autumn inx r Desktop e harveyd EE ae METE 2 E Macintosh HD aaa at ak aml AcornsRelease Friday December 14 2007 10 09 AM ak hal File Format Acorn Files H New Folder I Cancel Save Figure 2 4 File save dialog Section 2 4 Exporting a file Export your files when you want to format them for archival purposes The Save option is not sufficient for this because when you save ACORNS stores your file in an internal format which external programs cannot understand However the Export option preserves multimedia audio and video in standard formats and saves lesson data in a universally understood text based XML file When you Export ACORNS creates an XML file filename xml where filename is the name of your file The ACORNS program also creates a folder with the same name but without an xml extension that contains all of your audio and pictures Other multimedia applications understand how to access these files Export makes it is easy to program external applications to work with your lessons In this way we solve one of the historic problems with linguistics data in past years linguistics programs utilized
93. s copy them to the Library Fonts folder There are many web sites that offer fonts for you to download Once you install a new font you need to tell ACORNS about it The Font command executes when you select edit modify fonts The dialog shown in Figure 6 1 will then display f am A EE s Select Language Keyboards aa Languages English gt Default 12 English AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhilijKkKUIMmNnOoPpOgkrss TEULUWVAWA YZ C Remove Add Modify p Figure 6 1 Indigenous fonts The example shows that ACORNS recognizes only the standard keyboard font used to enter English text To tell ACORNS about your indigenous keyboard font select the font and size from the drop down menus A preview of that font will display in a line of text just above the buttons Enter the name of your language in the text field at the top right then click Add Modify The new font will appear in the white display area in the center of the dialog panel To make your font active click it where it appears in the center display area then click the Set Active button The arrow shown in the display area will move to the one you ve selected signifying that it 1s now active It will be the default any time you are typing indigenous text If you should like to make a change to one of the fonts on the list first click the one you want to alter ACORNS USER MANUAL 30 To erase it from this dialog click Remove To change the font size or language name
94. s the one shown in Figure 9 3 if you look carefully you ll see that the acorns are stuck to different places on the picture This is because the student using this lesson clicked the upward pointing green arrow from the control buttons at the bottom of the frame and switched to a different layer r n j Pe gt Ja ae ZEN m ACORN Gig uon JIT Rjestored Njative Ljpeecn Friday M NEN Fy Set L Lesson gt My Body My Body DO C lick on Acorns to hear Sounds gt Click on Anchors to go to another Link Click Anchors below to get to Main Index All Lesson Sets Set 1 Lessons Index Little Friends Fruit Colers My Budy Numbers Li My River Home Figure 9 6 Another layer s acorns ACORNS USER MANUAL 49 Chapter 10 Lessons with Multiple Pictures Multiple Choice Flash Cards Moving Picture and Pictionary lessons consist of multiple pictures each has one or more words or phrases attached The setup for all four of these lesson types is near identical and we describe this process in the following sections These lessons execute in unique ways and we will describe these details as well Section 10 1 Inserting pictures For all four of these lesson types you insert your pictures using the instructions of page 36 To attach audio to one of the pictures you select one of them by clicking it This will cause a red outline to appear shown in Figure 10 1 Click the image again and the di
95. s and Soa Help An autumn landscape Lesson 1 Name and Description autumn Keywords Figure 3 3 Change the lesson header Section 3 3 Navigating between lessons A single ACORNS file can contain many language lessons It 1s important to have an easy way to switch from one to another One way to switch between lessons is simply to click the desired lesson from the Lesson List You might have to scroll if there are more lessons than can fit in the Lesson List display area A second method is to use the navigation buttons shown at the bottom of the Lesson List area Figure 3 4 Note that the lt lt lt gt and gt gt buttons respectively switch to the first previous next and last lessons in the ACORNS file respectively lt 2 gt gt gt Figure 3 4 Lesson navigation buttons A third way to navigate between lessons is to use the keyboard Home Page Down Page Up and End keys on your keyboard These keys work just like the navigation buttons we just described ACORNS USER MANUAL 22 Section 3 4 Altering lesson order If you create a file with lots of lessons you might want to change their order For example in Figure 3 5 you might want Lesson 2 to become Lesson 1 and visa versa Simply move your mouse over Lesson 2 in the Lesson List press and drag A horizontal line will appear marked by an acorn in its middle Where this line rests is where Lesson 2 will be inserted when you let up on the mouse
96. setup to function like a table of contents Thus it shows an image for each of the following six lessons with links to bring students to another lesson as soon as they click one You can create this kind of table of contents image using a program like Photo Shop or Gimp freely downloadable Another way is to draw your pictures by hand then use a scanner to import it to your system When the student clicks on the link beneath the words My Body for example they are routed to the lesson shown in Figure 9 3 This lesson features a picture of a boy with a basketball Note the acorns scattered throughout the picture When a student clicks one of these acorns they can hear and read the indigenous word that applies Figure 9 4 shows what they see when the recording plays If in setup mode you enter additional culturally relevant information that data will display as well The right arrow in the dialog enables the student to replay what they heard They can then compare how they say it by using the Execution Mode recording controls page 42 ACORNS USER MANUAL 47 Set 1 Lesson My Body Click on Acorns to hear Sounds IOON Click on Anchors to go to another Link Click Anchors below to get to Main Index All Lesson Sets Set 1 Lessons Index Little Friends Fruit Colers My Budy Numbers My River Home Figure 9 3 Picture and Sound my body lesson ACORNS AC quisition O f R estored
97. sons A Magnet Game lesson randomly displays a group of magnets Each magnet contains a single word of a native language sentence Your job is to drag by depressing the mouse key over one of the magnets and with the key depressed moving the mouse When you position the mouse over another magnet that contains an adjacent word you then drop by releasing the mouse This action will join the magnets together if they contain adjacent words otherwise ACORNS audibly will inform you of the error After the entire sentence is reconstructed by repeated drag and drop operations you can click to hear a recorded audio see some text that applies and view an appropriate picture if one was attached Setup mode consists of entering a series of phrases which represent categories of communication To each of these phrases you then optionally can attach a picture Next you add set of entries Each of these contains a sentence in the native language a translation to the first language and optionally an audio recording To execute the lesson the ACORNS program does the rest The following sections describe Magnet Game setup and execution in more detail Section 12 1 Magnet Game setup Figure 12 1 shows a Magnet Game lesson in setup mode It shows two categories of sentences historical quotes and greetings The one that displays with a white background 1s selected The following paragraphs describe the process of creating a Magnet Game Lesson Help hist
98. sson is ready to play To create an annotation for your recording first zoom in so you can more easily work with it Next select a portion of the recording and press the Play button to make sure the selection starts and ends in just the right place Once you re happy with the selection you ve made you are ready to annotate it Below Figure 11 9 shows an example of a zoomed in recording with a portion selected Click on the ACORNS icon containing a picture of a camera to insert a picture or use the drag and drop procedure that we described on page 36 This 1s the same procedure we use in all ACORNS lessons to add pictures Hear and Click lesson annotation pictures appear at the bottom of the display ACORNS USER MANUAL 67 area under the portion of the sound wave that you select Should you want to delete an annotation click somewhere within the picture Then you have two ways to proceed The first is when you select the ACORNS edit drop down menu choose delete and then image edit delete image The second procedure is easier simply click on the icon with the picture of the garbage can Either of these two methods will remove the annotation and it will disappear One of the controls at the top of the secondary toolbar allows you to rotate your annotations Rotating an annotation is convenient if your picture was taken with your camera rotated To rotate click anywhere within your annotation and then click the rotate icon it has a cir
99. sssecceeeeceeaeesseeeceeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaas 30 BC EOE ICO TC ACN N O E E E E NEE A 31 SECTION O A OpPHons COMAN srecserss erne e a E E E EE 32 SECHON OJ Audio recordin Opos xc ssaccesactmdgseseuacacnesicsenisiecmeanecsiodonenauatadeodindaescnecmaanecetonexgeaumiedeelinaans a2 Section 6 6 Convert Video to animated pictures ccccccccccccccccceeeececaeessssseeeeeeeeecceeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaas 33 Chapter 7 Preparing Lessons for U SC scscsccoccrccennaenssieaccesccnnsusosdeacetaceveaierssncadesasenansnsleaceeacennadaseacaaceeambauens 36 SC On AE Wy Or retin w OCC CS saps cae aecaneecestateaane S E 36 SubSection 7 1 1 TINSEL PIClLULES serorei ita i ed aa aieea 36 ACORNS USER MANUAL 3 SUDSECILON 7h 2 REMOVING PICTEN ERA E TESES 37 Sec ION 722 RECORdING SOUMGS a iipeiates seh tosiaeetnens ieauiebinecaudec A T 37 section 7 gt Setup secondary TOOL Dal erien e a E ndaelaesonts S 39 SUDSECHOM o1 Tee SS OM MARKS erris e oa ueslaspacecschucsacceamc auras oleate sausiaeaemcomeaints 40 SUBSECCION 129 2 LeS ON LAY CIS ea E eta iaii dan dle eee d dunes cotta tacaat ere riesgo 40 DUDS COR Ao S Ee Da A E satan es 4 Chapter 8 Executing Lessons Execution Play Mode c scgcacsariiorsniccceerceuadnseieeniena cewek 42 Section d d Lesson execution COMM ONS siusis sscianiiestisentntca E E E A eat 42 NECUION 6 2 EXIM O EX ECULION MOGS resnas a sboskecioniandtaernuach qulostandedl ibestemetateecyanent 43 Chapter 9 Pict re and Sound Lessons tianicrd sei
100. stance Notice the Help option in the drop down menu Clicking this option gives you a page of instructions regarding how the Lesson List works There are other context based helps throughout the ACORNS application and we ll come to these in the chapters where they apply ACORNS USER MANUAL 26 Section 5 4 Full featured help facility A fully equipped help facility executes when you click the tool bar s Help icon which pictures a yellow question mark You can also reach this feature by going through the drop down Help menu The shortcut key for the help facility is function key one F1 If you use a Mac make sure to click F1 with the fn key depressed When you execute the Help command a dialog like the one in Figure 5 2 will display It works much like a web browser Note the four buttons at the top the two on the left work like Forward and Back buttons of a web browser allowing you to navigate to previously viewed pages The Home button returns you to the overview page The Print button triggers a hard copy printout of the page on display OOO ACORNS AC quisition O f R estored N ative S peech TED qo O D abie OF Contents index search ACORNS Overview iy ACORNS Help v Introduction The purpose of this package is to support language revitalization efforts of Native American tribes Hence its 4 name AC quisition O f R estored N ative S peech The software is open source and can
101. t position Section 11 3 Hear and Respond lessons Hear and Respond lessons require an audio recording of a story and a translation However unlike Story Book lessons the words of the translation are attached to the appropriate positions in the sound wave Figure 11 4 shows the Setup Mode display of a Hear and Respond Lesson The secondary toolbar at the top is exactly like that of the Story Book setup which we described earlier in this chapter Through the Setup Mode you can add differing translation text to each of ten layers control the font size center or left justify the text select a language font insert a background image and select a color for the text that displays Similar to all ACORN lesson types you can also receive context based help see the lesson title and create a link to another lesson The sound wave display area is also very similar with a couple of exceptions Notice the two extra buttons on the top left of the display These are the Import and Export icons represented by an open book with a red arrow pointing either in or out Using these options you can save or load a recording with all its annotations correctly attached This feature is useful for archiving your annotated recording in an industry standard format Export creates two files to preserve your lesson a standard audio file ACORNS USER MANUAL 61 and an XML file with the text of your annotations including instructions for where they belong in the re
102. ther lesson in the same file When a student clicks the link you create they will be routed to the lesson you have designated When you create a lesson link make sure your spelling is correct otherwise the link will not work a Link to al fruits Enter the Name of the Lesson you want to Link to fits Cid Figure 7 6 Lesson link Subsection 7 3 2 Lesson layers All lessons can have up to ten layers which can be used to vary a lesson s content Figure 7 7 shows part of the Multiple Choice setup control pane that contains a slider bar which helps you manage your layers By dragging the down arrow to the correct tick mark you change layers The setup operations ACORNS USER MANUAL 4 then pertain to the new layer Note the numbers that show under the slider These are to help you select the layer that you want You might envision these layers as a stack of pages sitting on top of one another and each layer contains information that you attach to it When students switch to a new layer they interact with the layer specific data For example Multiple Choice lessons have different audio attached to each layer Layers can be invaluable when creating your lessons For instance you could focus on multiple language dialects parts of speech or levels of difficulty by assigning each one its own layer You could also focus on different subjects within the same image for example one layer might deal only with colors while another de
103. tions let you choose how your ACORNS lessons will execute For example you can turn off the Gloss feature This means that when a student executes one of your ACORNS lessons they will not see the translation into the first gloss language You can also change the default keyboard font that ACORNS will use This is an alternate way to change the active font as opposed to the method we discussed on page 29 wr ACORN Options Sound Spelling Gloss Select Native Keyboard on on on English W Oof off C off Cancel Figure 6 4 ACORNS options Section 6 5 Audio recording options The ACORNS program contains a full featured Sound Editing facility By clicking on tools audio you can customize how the sound related features of the ACORNS program operates Figure 6 5 shows the dialog that is activated when you choose the Audio option Most of the controls in this section should not be altered unless you are familiar with their meanings We use these in preparation for implementing speech recognition and pronunciation features in future releases However there are some controls in this dialog that you might want to customize if you wish For example the recording rate of 44100 is set so ACORNS will work on both PC computers and MACS Apple platforms require the 44100 setting which are the number of measurements samples per second that are used to record audio PC platforms don t require this setting and a 16000 se
104. tting is sufficient for speech So on a PC it is okay to change the setting to this smaller value The dropdown menu which in Figure 6 5 displays Default recording device might need to be altered on some systems that have multiple recording devices For example if you have a headphone microphone you might need to select it by clicking the down arrow and picking the appropriate device The voice activation threshold is the minimum decibel level that ACORNS must hear before it begins recording Typically speech is at 30 to 40 decibels so you can experiment with the value that works well on your system and in your recording environment Figure 6 5 has the voice activation feature turned off since any volume of sound greater than zero will trigger the recording to begin ACORNS USER MANUAL 33 Frame rate controls how much memory an audio recording will take in memory The value shown 16000 is reasonable but you might be able to get away with lowering this to 8000 and by doing this you can save some memory Finally you could choose aif or au formats for audio compression These compressions save some space when the audio is recorded Note though in most cases you need not change any of these settings If the defaults are okay just leave them all alone Recording Parameters Analysis Parameters Speech Recognition Parameters Audio compression extension wav Recording rate and device 4 4100 i Pre emp
105. ty is important 1f you generate pictures using a digital camera turned sideways Help horses fiagqjiargpia wi Center scaled image A FE Link to a e a U ae B Figure 10 2 Multiple Pictures lesson setup The two buttons to the right of the rotate button allow you to select colors to be used with executing lessons The one containing the capital A alters the color for of text that displays the one containing the hand and three squares enables users to pick a customized background color of individual pictures When you click on the either of these two buttons a palette of colors will appear from which you can make your choice This same interface was described in connection with making web pages on page 14 Clicking on the final button enables you to enter the name of a language lesson in the same ACORNS file to which this lesson is linked When you click this button a dialog comes up where you enter the name of the lesson of interest refer to page 40 if you need to review This name will show in blue to the right of the link button after you click OK Section 10 3 Multiple Choice lesson When Multiple Choice lessons execute ACORNS will display four pictures on the screen at a time then play an audio recording attached to one of the images it s also able to show the written counterpart to that sound When multiple sounds are attached to a particular image the lesson selects from them randomly when executing The stu
106. will alter the volume by ten percent Normalize makes the audio as loud as possible without distortion but even if there is a very short burst of loudness it can sometimes appear to not work Subsection 13 2 7 Display modes Next you ll see the buttons in the display group Click these buttons to display your sound wave in a different mode If you are not familiar with the science behind sound waves you may find it helpful to consider a few basic concepts We can talk about sounds in terms of certain qualities that define them Just as we can refer to a table by its color shape or texture we can refer to a sound by its amplitude how loud it is and frequency how high or low it is We can also arrange those qualities on a graph representing what you hear in picture form The modes offered in the display group are just different ways of drawing a picture of the sound ACORNS USER MANUAL 79 The leftmost button will display your sound wave in the default mode which we saw in Figure 11 2 In this mode larger waves signify a louder volume showing what the wave looks like as it travels through time and space The second button will create a spectrograph separating the sound into component frequencies Here higher frequencies are positioned higher in the display while larger amplitudes are signified by a darker color Figure 13 3 shows a sample spectrograph output a ees leli e Gloss English LH Native 2 amp Figu
107. won t have to make use of this last resort feature very often or at all ACORNS USER MANUAL 25 Chapter 5 Help Facilities The ACORNS program includes several resources to help you learn the program This chapter describes these resources If these approaches fail there is a discussion forum at the ACORNS web site At that site you can post questions or suggestions Section 5 1 Feedback messages The most straight forward way to receive help is the bottom line of the ACORNS application frame This area presents confirmation or error messages that indicate whether a command executes successfully or not Recall that in our discussion about creating a web page we learned that an error message will appear here if you choose an inappropriate width or height for the web page that you are creating Figure 5 1 shows an example of the feedback message displayed after a new lesson is created It appears at the bottom of the ACORNS application window lt d d 2 gt New Lesson Created Figure 5 1 Feedback message Section 5 2 Tooltips Another help aid appears when you move your mouse over a text field or button Most of the time ACORNS will provide a short description of the field or button in question This facility is helpful 1f you forget what a particular icon is for Section 5 3 Context based help There are specific help buttons that you can click to obtain a textual description of a particular option Recall Figure 3 3 for in

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