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1. IIIT 44 HHHH F CP eee IIIIII 8 OL E LIE 5 S P NS EZA P i j p x ze 494 AGH PEE 4 459 582 Sheet 4 of 8 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent S 9 3 i T Y Z d Eds 04 tbb rk AS Ap cU Oz lids 0t AGHO ev Est pep ser Pee det AAAAAA amp LZE 2 tzp seztiozpi z O 9 EFI O 29d DZ AS 4S LELA Fld NOOS Sheet 5 of 8 4 459 582 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent 2OZ72247g LIAN ee LNIANO OL 1 bva HILT 27 LE ea4s 0xY 7 0 22 19 Z6 HILT WIT d x EMEN YUM 797 27 9 207 OLS Oros S 29 277 GPO Z a 990 el epo 1 MOZ22 20 FV 7 2 DA AXA NNO IST 7 0 ZL ee UU J m n ee Old 92 7 4 459 582 Sheet 6 of 8 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent 2913 9 8 5 4804 Oh 2l gor i 20m avna 7509 arny 0 L q96 126 Sheet 7 of 8 4 459 582 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent yoy MIVDE q3SS724 Q3SS3Xd esssseu Osxsess4
2. E7202 AIM A33 AN AIM IIU KINI GNOD3S lSy 7 QXY HM4 GINODIS 1S3 IO 42048 Zeb 060 287 285 zer Zar oer 82 7 vino G3SS 394 AIX Qo1HL r6t ss 300 9 70 AIM TYNI WIL 3 Sheet 8 of 8 4 459 582 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent 2 It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a local control unit which eliminates the need for the subscriber to call tlie central station whenever he wishes to change his closing time Local control unit apparatus frequently includes a battery to supply power in the event that the primary alternating current AC power supply fails or is interrupted If the system has both security and fire alarm sensors it is desirable to conserve battery power to operate the fire alarm sensors as long as possible during an AC power failure It is therefore another object of this invention to provide a local control unit which automatically oper ates to cut off power to non fire alarm sensors during a prolonged AC power failure or when remaining battery power is low in order to conserve battery power for the longest possible continued operation of the fire alarm sensors Local control unit apparatus also desirably includes means for allowing an authorized operator of the local control unit to silence audible security and fire alarm indications However the danger exists when this ca
3. Lines 1975 2046 These lines are performed when the exit time delay just becomes equal to zero By the time this occurs the subscriber should have left the premises and the premises should be secure These lines make certain that this is the case by looking for the following four possible exit conditions the first of three of which indicate that the premises were not properly secured 1 A door is open called a closing trouble and handled at lines 1976 1990 2 No one ever left the premises called an exit fail and handled at lines 1997 2025 3 The wrong door was used by the subscriber in leaving the premises called a night set wrong and handled at lines 2028 2040 4 None of the above called a normal exit and handled at lines 2042 2046 Each of these conditions is considered below Lines 1976 1990 These lines determine whether any BA protection point is open by checking data regarding the status of the BA protection points which is gathered during the point in subroutine discussed above If any protection point is open lines 1986 1990 set up data which will cause a closing trouble code to be sent to central station 106 Lines 1997 2025 These lines determine whether a BA protection point was ever opened while the exit time delay was running This exit fail test can be suppressed by an option stored in PROM 380 called the exterior option This option is selected if no exit is to be expec
4. LED display 112 seven segment display 114 key board 116 and audio sounder 118 These elements of control unit 102 are shown in greater detail in FIG 5 Individually these elements are all devices of types which are well known to those skilled in the art LED display 112 includes light emitting diodes numbered as follows and indicating the following conditions 4 459 582 8 forms no part of the present invention 2 the particular protocol employed cannot be revealed without making it possible for unauthorized individuals to compromise or defeat security systems to be installed by the assignee of this invention and 3 those skilled in the art can readily implement any one of a large number of equiva lent protocols which can be employed The construction of control unit 102 is shown in more detail in FIGS 2 5 The four lines of cables 108a and 108b are respectively connected to the upper and lower groups of terminals S C D and G in FIG 2 The two D terminals are connected to a source of A volts e g a conventional direct current DC power supply circuit connected to the commercial AC power ne towrk with a rechargeable backup battery for supplying auxiliary power during failure of the commercial AC power Fuses 130a 1305 protect the D line circuit from excessive current flow e g due to a short circuit of one or both of the D lines to ground Surge suppressor 132 ie a commercially available high speed Zen
5. Lines 294 401 These lines equate various symbols tc particular binary numbers which are used as masks te test or set particular bits in other data The comments associated with each line indicate the significance of particular bits in the associated data For example lines 294 299 define masks for use in testing 14 717 respec tively of microcomputer 350 In particular line 296 is used to test P14 and FIG 4 shows that tamper detector 370 is connected to P14 as is consistent with the com ment in line 296 In line 312 the comment PORT4 1 refers to port 4 of input output expander 400 In line 323 and 336 the comment U3 8243 refers to input output expander 390 30 40 45 55 60 65 15 P27 signals communicator module 104 converts data received from microcomputer 350 via data bus leads DB0 DB7 to a form suitable for transmission to central station 106 via whatever type of communications link is employed e g radio telephone direct wire etc Simi larly communicator module 104 converts data received from central station 106 to 050 557 form and when appropriately instructed by the RD P26 and P27 sig nals passes that data on to microcomputer 350 via DB0 DB7 Communicator module 104 may use a por tion of the information stored in PROM 380 and for that purpose microcomputer 350 is programmed as described below to transmit PROM address information from communicator module 104 to input output expan der 400
6. mr sa C ZEI o2 KYND og AVY Ply OL 4 77477 o LQ Old Ce 0t 734237 o vtva ald PIANOS TTRYNI ZA 2 77 2 z woo 78 7 IMT 8 Sheet 2 of 8 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent ozs 9 E 5 gee T eee pes He NM navon TETT OZE ZE OEE o t z At JA amp Ole ez DO J3795W 7 ZA L 772 POE DOE zo MOAT OEZ J _ LA Ag So A Ano 372 75 WZ ZZ AS A Sheet 3 of 8 4 459 582 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent Z DII ODD 0 7 BLEG CY Z 2Zz Woz Z 72427 Old Z 247 a7 9 ZA INIT Z 27702 O LA INIT S CE D 4 OL 75 VNI ZA PIV 7 D QL 7 IM79 ZO 3 2X BLE ZAY xoz2 z2 3G TE 072 io LA 7 2267 20 M07 3708 ME Z22227 BO e ZOE Old 9 7 eds zS Miawnos 5 ror s qr b o Q 296 T 99 9009000 9 08 0000 I jz le z sr ble gt 1 ge zz yz joz jer jor ei ez e le AE BGE 29 Ob Eld J iE ag ip 4 JO M3ONWJX3 LIALNO LNANI WH osd IS 094 294 lg ibd t 4 Id 04d ad zog OND LIS TY 06 YIGNY SXF Ago x LAcLCOAAAeMA xL T ZEE SI ZZ led 074 soxz Z 20 K TS m
7. 35 40 45 55 60 65 51 Lines 802 838 These lines accept data from key board 116 With one of anode drivers 410 440 450 460 selected as described above if a button is operated in the keyboard row associated with the selected anode driver a voltage will be applied to the input output expander 390 port 4 terminal associated with the col umn of buttons in which the operated button is located For example if anode drive 410 is selected and if the SILENCE button is operated a voltage will be applied to input output expander 390 terminal P40 Lines 802 803 determine whether a keyboard button has al ready been detected in the current scan of the keyboard A scan of the keyboard is completed i e all four key board rows are energized in turn when the timer inter rupt routine has been called four times If a button has already been detected in this scan the program jumps to line 817 If no button has yet been detected in the cur rent scan of the keyboard lines 805 806 set up a loop to check the four bits of input output expander 390 port 4 and line 807 reads that data Lines 809 814 check to see if any of the bits of input output expander port 4 indi cate that the corresponding keyboard button has been operated and cause the program to jump to line 849 if an operated key is detected Otherwise the program con tinues at line 817 if no operated button is detected The register KEYLOC is a counter which counts through e
8. Lines 30 160 These lines equate various symbols 20 with data RAM locations Thus line 32 equates the RAM address symbol KSB1 with data RAM locations 20H so that when KSB1 is used in the program as a RAM address that symbol will be interpreted as data RAM location 20H The capability of having two com municator modules is not used in the disclosed embodi ment so lines 126 143 can be ignored Lines 150 157 are part of the definition of specialized PIDs 0 15 as discussed above Lines 164 205 These lines equate various symbols with locations in PROM 380 Thus line 166 equates the PROM address symbol FDIG1 with PROM 380 loca tion 40H so that when FDIG1 is used in the program as a PROM address that symbol will be interpreted as PROM location 40H f Lines 210 246 These lines equate various symbols to particular binary numbers which are used as masks to test set particular bits in other data The comments associated with each line indicate the significance of particular bits in the associated data For example line 212 is a mask for testing the so called external BA1 internal option bit stored in PROM 380 An explana tion of the meaning and use of this particular option is given below in the discussion of lines 1997 2025 Lines 250 286 These lines equate various symbols to code numbers sometimes called passcode numbers which are transmitted to the central station to report various conditions in the system
9. Lines 4512 et seq are performed if the reset command is not 99 RESET or if the service bit is not set Lines 4512 4522 validate the rest command as either simply RESET or 00 RESET Lines 4524 4527 are performed if the command is 00 RESET These lines are discussed above Lines 4531 et seq are performed if the command is simply RESET Lines 4532 4534 clear the test mode latch Lines 4 459 582 36 BA protection point is in alarm and if so lines 2071 2078 set the BA1 and BA2 exit bits The multiple exit option is checked at lines 2081 2085 and if that option is selected the program jumps to line 2119 to allow the exit delay to continue to expire normally If the multiple exit option is not selected lines 2087 2095 determine whether any movable BA protection point is currently in alarm If so the program jumps to line 2119 to allow the exit time delay to continue to expire nor mally If no movable BA protection point is currently in alarm lines 2098 2101 clear the exit time delay register and cause the program to jump back to the logic which is performed when the exit time delay register just be comes zero Lines 2104 2119 These lines are performed if BAX is off Line 2107 presets the exit time delay register Line 2109 clears the night set wrong bit the exit bit and the redundant bit Lines 2111 2117 set up control data needed for the second BA2 pass through the exit timer routine if the pass just completed is the BA1 pass
10. MAIN PROGRAM LATE CLOSE TIMER ROUTINE The late close timer routine lines 2123 2145 con trols the late close timer register This register is used to measure the elapsed time since the BA protection was turned off so that an alarm can be sent if the BA protec tion is not turned on again after the normal number of hours e g after a normal working day As discussed above a different than normal number of hours can be entered into the late close timer register using the digits and HOURS buttons on keyboard 116 see discussion of lines 4213 4264 above The late close timer register also controls sounder 118 to produce an audible sound as a reminder to the subscriber that the late close timer register is about to expire and that the BA system should therefore be turned on or the closing time ex tended using the digits and HOURS buttons mentioned above Lines 2125 2128 test the late close timer register and if the late close timer register is still non zero call a subroutine at line 2128 for decrementing that register at appropriate time intervals When the late close timer register is decremented to zero lines 2129 2133 set up data for sending a no close alarm to central station 106 It is to be noted that the system only sends information to central station 106 representative of the fact that the closing time has been extended The system does not advise the central station of the amount of the time expansion or of any new closing tim
11. location for each PID Lines 4923 4938 These lines determine whether the PID data reflects any off normal condition i e an alarm trouble tamper bypass or PID communication trouble condition If no off normal condition is indi cated the program jumps to line 5454 Lines 4942 4959 These lines are performed only if PID communication trouble is indicated i e if local control unit 102 is unable to communicate with the PID These lines set the relay bits for PIDs 11 and 12 Le the special bridge PIDs if the communication trouble is with either of these PIDs Setting the relay bits for these PIDs ultimately causes these PIDs to interconnect the remote ends of QUA Ds 108a and 108b so that comunication can be resumed with all PIDs in the event of a break in either QUAD These lines also set a quad trouble passcode for transmission to central station 106 to indicate a problem in QUADs 108a and or 108b Lines 4961 4963 These lines cause the program to jump to line 4972 if the PID is one of special PIDs 11 15 Lines 4967 4969 These lines set a PID trouble pass code for transmission to central station 106 to indicate that a PID communications problem has been detected Lines 4972 et seq These lines deal with all off nor mal PID conditions Line 4972 This line clears a flag F0 which is used to signal that a PID is a BA2 PID Lines 4974 4980 These lines cause the program to jump to line 5276 if th
12. the PID after each interrogation of the PID by local control unit 102 Data pulse counter 74 may also be reset at the same time if desired The output signals of data pulse counter 74 and data storage register 84 are applied to output gate logic 80 When gate logic 80 is enabled by comparator 76 as discussed above it applies the information represented by a selected one of the output signals of data storage register 84 to line 81 The data storage register 84 out put signal selected is determined by the contents of data pulse counter 74 For example when data pulse counter 74 has counted one data pulse the signal on the left most output lead of data storage register 84 is applied to line 81 when data pulse counter 74 has counted two data pulses the signal on the next left most output lead of data storage register 84 is applied to line 81 and so on until as many data storage register 84 output signals as are desired have been applied in turn to line 81 The signal on line 81 is transmitted back to local control unit 102 via the S line In this way local control unit 102 interrogates the PIDs and receives data from the PIDs via the S line As mentioned above the K and P latches of the PIDs are controlled by pulses on the C line The C line signal is applied to C line detector 86 which may be similar to S line detector 70 The output signals of C line detector 86 which respectively indicate latch set and latch reset commands are app
13. the service mode the P outputs of all fire alarm PIDs are momentarily de energized The subscriber is not able to reset latching BA PIDs because he might do so and thereafter incorrectly assume the premises could be secured For example a latching glass breakage sensor misht be resettable and thereafter appear normal even though the associated glass had been largely broken out Resetting such a sensor would produce a false indica tion that the premises could be secured Thus only a service person is allowed to reset BA sensors Lines 3566 3590 combine the data set up above with the data which identifies each PID by type to set up further data which is used in the timer interrupt routine discussed below to actually command each PID to turn off its P output if appropriate Lines 3595 3829 These lines control communication with communicator module 104 As mentioned previ ously the program has the capability of controlling communication with two communicator modules but the disclosed embodiment used only a single such mod ule Thus only communication with one communicator module will be discussed below Lines 3606 3608 These lines select the communica tor module to be used for communicating with central station 106 Lines 3610 3613 Communicator module 104 in cludes a status register which is set by the communica tor module and read by control unit 102 The signifi cance of the bits in the communicator status register is indicate
14. Communicator module 104 also uses the reset signal from switch 356 so that both microcomputer 350 and the communicator module can be reset simulta neously An illustrative source program with corresponding object program for microcomputer 350 is provided in the microfiche appendix to this specification The lines of the program listing are numbered consecutively from 1 to 5776 in the third column of the microfiche appen dix A small portion of the program i e lines 897 1269 and 1387 1495 is not included in the microfiche appen dix for reasons explained in detail below The object code information comprises the first two columns of information in the program listing The object code information will not be specifically discussed herein because it is the exact equivalent of the source code which will be discussed The source code information begins in the fourth column of the program listing The forms of the source code statements used in the program are conventional and are explained in detail for exam ple in the publication MCS 48 Family of Single Chip Microcomputers Users Manual Intel Corporation Santa Clara Calif April 1979 Throughout the pro gram listing information to the right of a semicolon is comment information which forms no part of the pro gram but which serves to explain the program Starting near the bottom of page 172 of the micro fiche appendix listing and continuing through page 175 is an alphabetical tabul
15. PROM Data C tA MOA w Peona 35 45 50 55 65 emergency 4 Another feature which may be provided in the local control unit of this invention includes an alarm silence latch settable by the operator of the local control unit for suppressing an audible alarm warning when the latch is set and means for automatically resetting the alarm silence latch if none of the alarm sensors con nected to the local control unit is indicating an alarm condition I The alarm system of this invention may also include bridge means for selectively connecting together the remote ends of two communication circuits extending from the local control unit so that if a break occurs in either communication circuit communication can be re established with alarm monitoring devices beyond the break via the other communication circuit and the bridge connection between the ends of the two circuits Further features of the invention its nature and vari ous advantages will be more apparent from the accom panying drawing and the following detailed description of the invention BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG 1 is a block diagram of a typical central station system including the local control unit of this invention FIG 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of the local control unit of this invention f FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of another portion of the local control unit of this invention FIG 4 is a schematic blo
16. a central station The trend in central station alarm systems is toward the use of more powerful and versatile local control units The local control unit in such systems is typically located on the subscriber s premises and is connected to various alarm sensors e g smoke detectors heat sen sors motion sensors entry detectors on doors and win dows water flow detectors etc distributed through out the protected premises The local control unit moni tors signals from the alarm sensors and transmits appro priate alarm signals to a remotely located central sta tion Operators at the central station interpret the alarm signals received at the central station and dispatch ser vices e g police fire or maintenance services and the like to the subscriber s premises on the basis of the received alarm signals More sophisticated local control units are desirable for many reasons more sophisticated local contr l unit allows more functions to be controlled locally thereby reducing the amount of information which must be transmitted to the central station This increases 40 the efficiency and lowers the operating cost of the cen tral station because the central station operators have less information to deal with A more sophisticated local control unit also enhances the level of protection afforded by the system because it provides better moni toring of the alarm sensors and is better able to distin guish tru
17. by stepping through the 64 bits of an eight byte passfield lines 116 123 each of which bits is set elsewhere in the program to represent a particular passcode see discussion of lines 5696 5732 below The meaning of the various passcodes is indicated by the comments associated with lines 250 286 The program counts the bits as it steps through the eight byte passfield The passcode number given to communicator module 104 is the number of the first set bit encountered in this process This bit is reset so that it does not cause the same passcode to be transmitted again Lines 3732 3752 search the eight byte passfield for the first non zero bit Lines 3758 3763 clear the non zero bit from the passfield byte in which it was found Lines 3765 3768 combine the six bit passcode number with 20 25 30 apropriate time intervals have elapsed The clock bits respectively represent that 32 milliseconds 1 second 1 minute and 15 minutes have elapsed see lines 472 476 These bits are stored in the four least significant bits of the register called CLKTMP Lines 756 785 These lines use the data set up in the program display output routine lines 2486 et seq to actually drive displays 112 and 114 Lines 758 763 save the port 2 data i e the data applied to pins 21 24 and 35 38 of microcomputer 350 in FIG 4 and select input output expander 390 Line 765 shuts off all the elements of displays 112 and 114 by causing the
18. connected to the output of comparator 262 in FIG 4 In addition to microcomputer 350 the data process ing portion of control unit 102 includes programmable read only memory or PROM 380 input output expan der 390 and input output expander 400 PROM 380 is a conventional 256 by 4 bit PROM PROM 380 is ad dressed by the signals applied to its address pins A0 A7 The four bits stored in the selected address location are applied to data pins Q1 Q4 Data pins Q1 Q4 are re spectively connected to data bus leads 1050 083 of microcomputer 350 The signal applied to the S1 pin commands PROM 380 to supply the addressed data to data pins Q1 Q4 for reading by microcomputer 350 To conserve power PROM 380 is only turned on when needed This is controlled by the P70 P73 output sig nals of input output expander 400 in conjunction with the circuit including resistors 382 and 384 transistor 386 and capacitor 388 The 7 773 output signals of expander 400 are also applied to the S2 pin of PROM 380 as an enabling signal Each of input output expanders 390 and 400 is a commercially available device e g a model 8243 I O expander available from Intel Corporation of Santa Clara Calif for transmitting data between the four pins of input output expander port 2 i e pins 8 11 and a selected one of port 4 i e pins 2 5 port 5 i e pins 1 and 21 23 port 6 i e pins 17 20 and port 7 i e pins 13 16 Selection of the input output expand
19. data in the output buffer register Lines 3667 3670 These lines are performed if there is data in the communicator output buffer register These lines input that data and save it in register R1 The communicator output data is used in one of four possi ble ways as follows depending on the states of the FO and F1 bits in the communicator status word TABLE N FO Fl Function 0 0 Interpret the communicator output data as a data RAM address and read from the data RAM the data at that address 0 1 Same as above except that communi cator output data is interpreted as an address in PROM 380 1 1 Write the communicator output data into register 1 0 Write the communicator output data into the RAM address speci fied by the contents of register WRTARI Lines 3672 3673 These lines test the FO bit in the communicator status word to determine whether to read or write data Lines 3676 3677 If the request is to read data these lines test the F1 bit in the communicator status word to determine whether to read from PROM 380 or the data RAM in microcomputer 350 Lines 3680 3775 These lines are performed if data is to be read from the data RAM There are three types of RAM data reading that can occur as follows 1 Read data from the specified RAM location This is a so called regular RAM read and is essentially performed by lines 3711 3714 2 Read data from the specified RAM location anc erase that data from the specified R
20. duplicate wiring Sec ond no separate QUAD fault detection circuitry is required The presence of a QUAD fault is known from the inability of local control unit 102 to receive data from one or more PIDs and the fault is then promptly corrected by operation of one of the two bridge PIDs Third installations can be provided with or without this feature as desired simply by including or not including bridge PIDs 11 and 12 One common system design meets the need for both types of installations Communicator module 104 is not shown in detail because it may be conventional and because it does not form part of the present invention In general however the function of communicator module 104 is to provide an interface between microcomputer 350 and the rela tively long communications link to central station 106 When appropriately instructed by the WR P26 and 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 13 S line S line detector 70 applies address and data pulses detected on the S line to address pulse counter 72 and data pulse counter 74 respectively Pulse counters 72 and 74 may be conventional binary digital pulse count ers which produce binary coded output signals repre sentative of the number of pulses which have been ap plied to them The address identifying the PID is stored in address storage register 78 which may comprise a plurality of on off switches for collectively represent ing a binary numb
21. for detecting closing of the protected premises by an authorized operator third means responsive to the first and second means for transmitting an alarm signal to a central station if the second means does not detect closing of the protected premises within a first predetermined time interval after the first means detects opening of the protected prem ises fourth means responsive to the second and third means for producing a first output indication detectable by the authorized operator a second predetermined time interval before the end of the first time interval if the second means has not yet detected closing of the pro tected premises and fifth means responsive to the third means for allowing the authorized operator to option ally extend the first time interval prior to transmission of the alarm signal by the third means 5 20 35 45 50 60 65 4 459 582 1 LOCAL CONTROL APPARATUS FOR CENTRAL STATION ALARM SYSTEM CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This is a division of application Ser No 409 181 filed Aug 18 1982 REFERENCE TO MICROF ICHE APPENDIX A microfiche appendix comprising 2 microfiche hav ing a total number of 182 frames is a part of this specifi cation BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to central station alarm sys tems and more particularly to local control apparatus which monitors a plurality of alarm sensors and trans mits selected alarm signals to
22. for the second communicator module which is not present in the embodiment herein dis closed These lines also keep track of what data has been read by the communicator module so that data is not destroyed until it has been read and also so that after data is read it is erased and is therefore not read again Lines 3469 3494 set the system trouble bit when ever any of the following conditions occur 1 any of faults 1 6 see Table H above 2 a supervisory PID trouble or 3 a supervisory PID is bypassed and the system is not in the service mode The system trouble bit is added to the byte including the six bit passcode Lines 3498 3512 set the tamper bit if a tamper has been detected The tamper bit is also added to the byte in cluding the six bit passcode The reference to a third byte here relates to setting up data for a type of commu nicator module which is not used in the embodiment disclosed herein This is a type of communicator mod ule which cannot transmit the passcode information Lines 3515 3520 These lines cause four bits in output register OPR1 to be transferred from microcomputer 350 to port 4 of input output expander 400 These four bits control relay device 402 test device 404 spare device 406 not used and sounder 118 Lines 3524 3590 These lines control the P latch or power output of PIDs 16 63 This is the output which supplies power to the sensor connected to the PID The ability to turn off the power outp
23. four bits Of port 7 of input output expander 390 to go high Lines 35 40 45 767 770 select one of four display output registers DMB0 DMB3 based on the contents of a ring counter which is incremented each time the timer inter rupt routine is called Lines 772 777 transfer the con tents of the selected DMB register to ports 5 and 6 of input output expander 390 This selects the appropriate cathode drivers 421 427 FIG 5 for the several ele 50 ments of displays 112 and 114 Lines 779 783 select and transfer to port 7 of input output expander 390 data appropriate to select one of anode drivers 410 440 450 or 460 The anode driver is selected to correspond to the DMB register which was selected at lines 767 770 Accordingly the elements of displays 112 114 called for by the selected DMB register are illuminated until the displays are turned off the next time that the timer interrupt ro tine is called The timer interrupt routine is called with sufficient frequency that the selected dis plays appear to be illuminated continuously even though they are in fact illuminated on only a 25 duty cycle Lines 787 798 These lines are look up tables contain ing data used in the foregoing functions 55 the tamper and system trouble bits Lines 3772 3773 transfer the data to communicator module 104 Lines 3779 3790 These lines are performed if the communicator status word is requesting that data be read from
24. has elapsed Lines 2290 2297 These lines cause the program to jump to various lines depending on the value remaining in the entry time delay register Lines 2300 2316 These lines are performed if the entry time delay register just became zero These lines preset the bell ring timer to cause the local alarm bell to ring Lines 2319 2325 These lines and subsequent lines are performed if the entry time delay register is zero These lines clear the BA movable delayed latch which has now served its purpose Lines 2327 2338 These lines move the alarm mem ory buffer which stores potential alarms e g alarms which are not recognized as alarms until expiration of 4 459 582 40 mation If all alarm memories are empty lines 2528 2547 are performed Lines 2528 2533 clear tem porary register R2 if BAI is on If BAI is off lines 2536 2544 set up data for turning on bypass LED DS9 if any point is bypassed Lines 2551 et seq are per formed if alarm information was found in any of the alarm memories Lines 2551 2609 transfer the contents of the alarm memory containing alarm information to a temporary register for ultimately controlling display 114 These lines also set up corresponding data for si multaneously illuminating the LED which corresponds to the type of alarm condition causing the seven seg ment display Part of this logic prevents the display of security alarms if the so called Canada option is selected in PROM 380 This may
25. is in the relay on condition i e that the K latch discussed below in connection with the C line signals is set in that PID The number of the pertinent PID is simultaneously displayed by seven segment display 114 LEDs DS11 DS13 are illumi nated to respectively indicate that a particular PID is being tampered with is experiencing trouble or has detected an alarm The number of the pertinent PID is simultaneously displayed by seven segment display 114 LED DS14 not shown is included in cold water ground detector 374 FIG 4 described below This LED is illuminated to indicate a ground fault i e that the normal connection to earth or cold water ground has been broken or that one of cables 108a 108b is short circuited to ground Seven segment display 114 includes two seven seg ment light emitting diode display devices 114a 114b FIG 5 each capable of representing a decimal digit Thus devices 1140 1145 together can display any two digit decimal number such as a PID number Keyboard 116 shown in greater detail in FIG 5 25 30 35 45 50 55 includes 16 buttons for entering decimal digits 0 9 and for requesting the following functions ON HOURS BYPASS TEST RESET and SILENCE The digits buttons are used principally to allow service personnel and the subscriber s personnel any of whom are some times referred to herein as authorized operators to enter multidigit code numbers pa
26. not the BA1 protection is on The data in register R3 is later moved to output register DMBO0 which is used in the timer interrupt routine discussed below to actually control whether or not LED DS1 is energized This sequence of LED data processing is typical for all LEDs and will not be re peated below Lines 2423 2449 These lines control a bit in tempo rary register R3 which ultimately controls LED DS4 to indicate whether or not the AC power is on Lines 2424 2433 turn on LED DS4 when the AC power is on while lines 2437 2449 turn on LED DS4 when the AC power is off The second alternative is the one used in the embodiment shown in the drawing Lines 2455 2466 These lines control a bit in tempo rary register R3 which ultimately controls LED DS2 to indicate whether any of faults 2 6 FALT 26 have been detected These are the faults numbered 2 6 in Table H above i Lines 2470 2482 These lines control a bit in tempo rary register R3 which ultimately controls LED DS3 to indicate whether or not a telecommunication failure has been detected LED DS3 has steady illumination if communicator module 104 is signalling that there is a failure of the communication link with central station 106 fault 1 in Table H above LED DS3 has flashing illumination if control unit 102 is unable to communi cate with communicator module 104 fault 8 in Table H above The flashing illumination is achieved by logi cally combining the FALT 8 data with cycli
27. off At lines 4658 4661 the BAI protection is digits can be entered i Lui eU the digits re turned off At lines 4663 4667 the BA1 late close timer ceived are entered into a pushup stack with the code 5o is preset to whatever value is stored in PROM 380 At Nude Zero to A as a lines 4669 4670 an auto test timer is preset This is sub to prevent a i 2 8 represen Wo i sequently used to test the backup battery and to ring the 4048 AMT dc qum y dl dod My alarm bell for a few seconds If the class of service is e data in the stack is compared with a other than Sans at lines 4672 4678 the code number plurality of valid passcodes which are stored in PROM 55 of the person whose passcode has been validated is 380 There are five groups of valid passcodes stored in processed for subsequent transmission to the central PROM 380 as follows station At lines 4681 4711 if the BA2 protection is on TABLE G the BA2 protection is turned off if either a service pass Mumberef Tyf code was entered or the system has the so called link Group Passcodes 60 option which requires the BA2 protection to go off No in Group in Group when the BA1 protection is turned off Also if the class 1 3 Service personnel passcodes of service is not Sans the code number of the person 2 4 Manager i e higher level whose passcode has been validated is processed for subscriber passcodes subsequent transmission to the cen
28. ones of P50 P53 and P60 P62 Selection of P73 turns on transistor 460 in conjunction with resistors 462 and 464 Commands and data entered by an operator via key board 116 are also read as a result of the cyclic selection 0 of P70 P73 While P70 is selected power is applied to one contact of all the normally open switches associated with the horizontal row of keyboard 116 buttons includ ing the 0 button If any button in that row is operated while P70 is thus selected the associated one of P40 P43 is energized logical 1 Otherwise P40 P43 remain at ground logical 0 as a result of the operation of resistors 470 477 The four rows of keyboard buttons are energized one after another as a result of the cyclic selection of P70 P73 The identity of the button de pressed at any given time is known from the concurrent row and column information represented by P70 P73 and P40 P43 The data latched into P40 P43 is trans mitted to microcomputer 350 each time a different one of P70 P73 is selected Input output expander 400 is used to address PROM 380 as discussed above and to control relay element 402 test element 404 and sounder 118 Spare 406 is not used Relay element 402 is typically a conventional direct wire connection to a police or fire station Test element 404 is part of low battery detector 376 When commanded by P41 of input output expander 400 test element 404 effectively disconnects the system fro
29. operated MAIN PROGRAM INPUT ROUTINE Lines 1560 1563 These lines store timing bits which are set up in the timer interrupt routine mentioned above In this way the timer interrupt routine provides timing information which is used to control a variety of timed operations in the remainder of the program The 45 50 55 60 65 17 Lines 404 407 These lines equate two symbols used to test two commands which can be sent from the cen tral station to control part of the operation of local control unit 102 f Lines 411 434 These lines equate various symbols to particular values to control various aspects of the de vice such as the length of signal pulses on the S and C lines the length of sounder 118 blasts etc Lines 440 584 These lines equate various symbols to particular binary numbers which are used as masks to test or set particular bits in other data The comments associated with each line indicate the significance of particular bits in the associated data in a manner similar to that discussed above in connection with lines 210 246 and 294 401 Lines 588 662 These lines equate various symbols used in the so called timer interrupt or front end pro gram discussed in detail below The actual operating part of the source program begins at line 669 The program basically comprises a main program and a timer interrupt or front end pro gram The main program includes the following princi pal parts 1 Start
30. or COP No 0 3 P and K Commandable by central station 106 These COP latches can be used for any of a wide variety of functions under control of central station 106 e g to turn on or off lights heat air conditioning or fans to conduct remote tests of the BA or FA systems etc The logic for handling these central station commands is in the so called timer interrupt routine discussed below 4 P Controls lighting in response to the BA system Lights connected to this COP latch are automatically turned on during the BAI entry time delay and remain on until expiration of the BA1 exit time delay at which time they are automatically turned off These lights are also turned on auto matically in response to any BA1 alarm Same as above for BA2 Ring a bell whenever there is a BA fixed alarm Same as above for BA2 The state of this latch indicates whether the BA1 system is on or off This latch can therefore be used to control any function dependent on the state of the BAI system For example this latch could be used to switch a thermo stat from one setting to another so that heating or cooling levels are changed in dependence on whether the premises are open BAI off or closed BA1 on Same as above for BA2 The state of this latch indicates whether or not a fire alarm has been detected This latch can therefore be used for such functions as closing a fire door shutting off blowers which might ca
31. prevent an intruder from real izing that the system has detected the intrusion and may increase the likelihood that the intruder can be captured while still on the premises Lines 2613 2619 These lines set up data for ulti mately causing display 114 to display the contents of the late close timer register Lines 2624 2766 These lines control the display on display 114 of the numbers of the PIDs detected as having off normal status Lines 2631 2646 make certain that the scroll pointer discussed above in relation to lines 2486 2495 is within the limits of the off normal PID memory locations Lines 2648 2657 search the PID memory locations for an off normal point If no off normal point is found lines 2659 et seq are per formed If an off normal point is found lines 2681 et seq are performed Lines 2659 2662 set up data which ulti mately causes display 114 to display two dashes Lines 2664 2670 further process the data from lines 2659 2662 and add data which ultimately causes appro priate LED illumination concurrent with the seven segment display Lines 2681 2766 are performed when an off normal point is found These lines set up data to cause display 114 to display the number of the off nor mal point Lines 2723 2742 convert the binary point number to binary coded decimal BCD Lines 2787 2797 are a look up table for converting each bi nary coded decimal digit of the point number to data appropriate for causing display 114 to
32. response to a passcode accompanied by a hostage code and display enable bits used to enable some display test functions are cleared Lines 1600 1612 These lines input and debounce the output signal of tamper detector 370 connected to bit 4 B4 of port 1 P1 of microcomputer 350 Lines 1616 1644 These lines input and debounce the output signal of low battery detector 376 connected to bit 7 B7 of port 1 P1 of microcomputer 350 The fault 26 bit referred to at lines 1634 1635 is a bit which indicates detection of faults 2 6 As the comment at line 477 shows these faults are low battery cold water ground fault PROM missing bridge PIDs con nected to one another due to a break or fault some where along either QUAD 108a or QUAD 1085 and AC off for four hours See also the list of fault condi tions in Table H below At line 1642 the person number subroutine PNSOX discussed below in relation to lines 5696 5732 is called to set up data which ultimately causes a passcode to be sent to communicator module 104 to indicate that a low battery has been detected Lines 1648 1698 These lines input and debounce the output signal of AC power detector 372 connected to bit 5 B5 of port 1 P1 of microcomputer 350 These lines also control AC loss timer register ACLTR to increment that register at predeter mined time intervals up to a maximum amount while AC power is on and
33. subroutine lines 4851 5497 sets up some sum mary data based on the data from the PIDs which is stored in the data RAM The key in subroutine lines 3949 4578 responds to keyboard 116 of local control unit 102 These subroutines are discussed below follow ing the discussion of the small remaining portion of the main program input routine Lines 1892 1924 These lines input commands trans mitted from central station 106 to local control unit 102 via communicator module 104 Although other central station commands are possible the particular embodi ment disclosed herein includes only the capability of receiving central station commands to turn on the BA1 and BA2 systems Communicator module 104 writes to a data RAM location called CMDB11 At lines 1894 1900 the program reads CMDB11 and at lines 1902 1909 the program decodes this data to determine whether the central station command is to turn on BA1 or BAZ At lines 1912 1914 the BAXON subroutine discussed above is called to turn on the appropriate BA system if the condition of the system permits At lines 1916 1922 the appropriate BA1 and BA2 exit bits are set These bits are used in the exit timer routine discussed below as part of the main program process routine MAIN PROGRAM POINT IN SUBROUTINE As mentioned above the point in subroutine lines 4851 5497 reads the PID data stored in the data RAM and sets up some summary data regarding the status of the PIDs in the sys
34. the bell and sound the sounder Stores all present off normal status i e to facilitate a so called walk test in which someone walks through the protected premises and then comes back to locai control unit 102 to see if the expected PIDs signalled alarm conditions Bypass display mode Ge a test mode in which oniy byg points are displayed Takes the system out of any other test mode 1 TEST 2 TEST 3 TEST pasii 4 TEST Lines 4426 4434 validate the test command by making sure that keyboard 116 is enabled and that the digit button operated with the TEST button has a value in the proper range Lines 4436 4439 clear the bypass display and display enable bits There are bits which tel the system what test mode to perform Lines 4441 4449 decode the last digit in the keyboard data stack and cause the program to jump to the program steps for the 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 65 31 abled At lines 4220 4224 a test is made to determine whether or not the extended closing function is pre cluded by an option stored in PROM 380 For example if the system only has Sans service it does not monitor when the system is turned on or off so the extended closing feature is not needed At lines 4226 4229 an hours display bit is set for use in subsequently control ling the hours display At lines 4231 4233 the last two digits in the keyboard data stack are converted to a binary number Th
35. the bell ring timer is preset to subse quently cause the program to ring the alarm bell and to place the PID or zone number in the alarm memory buffer used subsequently to control the display of alarm conditions This latter function is performed by calling the alarm memory subroutine line 5502 5565 discussed below The program then jumps to lines 5408 5447 and 5485 5494 as discussed above Lines 5150 5186 These lines process the PID data for BA movable instant alarm protection points As mentioned above these are protection points typically associated with doors for which no alarm indication is produced if the poor is opened while the BA protection is off but for which an instantaneous alarm is produced while the BA protection is on At lines 5152 5153 part of the BA fixed routine discussed above is used to pro cess the BA movable instant data if the PID is bypassed Similarly at lines 5155 5164 parts of the BA fixed rou tine are used to process the BA movable instant data if the PID is signalling trouble tamper or communica 4 459 582 26 ber and alarm code number in the supervisory alarm memory SPAMR mentioned above in the alarm mem ory subroutine Lines 5324 5329 resume processing from the jump at line 5268 and set the supervisory by pass bit Lines 5334 5379 These lines process PID data for fire alarm points Lines 5336 5347 are similar to the reset timer and bypass tests performed at the start of other PID data p
36. 0 and 5680 5692 These lines process commands controlled by the BYPASS button on key board 116 There are three types of bypass functions controlled by the following sequences of keyboard 116 button operations TABLE I Keyboard Button Sequence Bypass Function BYPASS where represents the one or two digit number of a PID to be bypassed Bypass PID unless already bypassed If already bypassed remove bypass Clear all bypasses Bypass all BA and BA2 PIDs 00 BYPASS 9 9 BYPASS permitted only in service mode Lines 4271 4273 perform the usual test to make sure keyboard 116 is enabled Lines 4276 4280 preclude use of the BYPASS button except by an authorized opera tor with a higher level passcode i e a manager or a service person see Table G above At lines 4282 4292 all bypasses are cleared if 00 BYPASS was entered The bypass bits are actually cleared by calling the bit clear subroutine lines 5680 5692 It will be recalled that after initial processing the keyboard data stack code for the digit 0 button is the hexadecimal digit A See the discussion immediately following Table E above and discussion of lines 4014 4137 Lines 4295 4298 pre clude the 99 BYPASS command unless the system is in the service mode Lines 4301 4328 bypass all BA1 and BA2 points if the 99 BYPASS command was entered Lines 4333 et seq are performed if the bypass command is neither 00 BYPASS nor 99 BYPASS At lines 4 459 582 34 453
37. 00 in FIG 2 The output signals of buffers 190 200 are respectively applied to conventional solid state switches 192 202 Pull up resistors 194 196 204 206 assure that sufficient current is available to drive each succeeding element in each of the above described circuits Solid state switch 192 connects point 210 to the source of V1 described above when microcomputer 350 signals that a V1 pulse is to be applied to the S line Similarly solid state switch 202 connects point 210 to the above described source of V2 when microcomputer 350 signals that a V2 pulse is to be applied to the S line Unless thus connected to V1 or V2 point 210 is at voltage VS as a result of resistor 212 connecting that point to the above described source of VS The signal at point 210 is processed by the circuitry connected between points 210 and 240 to amplify the available current without altering the voltage The sig nal at point 210 is applied to operational amplifier 220 via resistor 214 in cooperation with resistor 216 and capacitor 218 The output signal of amplifier 220 is connected to a conventional push pull amplifier circuit including resistor 222 capacitor 224 transistor 230 resistors 232 and 234 and transistor 236 Point 240 is connected to a point intermediate resistors 232 and 234 The signal at point 240 is connected to the S line via resistor 242 and the S line signal is fed back to opera tional amplifier 220 via resistor 226 The f
38. 172 determine whether the system is in the service mode or if the BA1 and BA2 systems are nested or linked The nested op tion stored in PROM 380 requires that the BA2 pro tection be on before the BA1 protection can be turned on If the nested option is selected a valid request to turn on BA1 automatically turns on BA2 The linked option stored in PROM 380 requires that the BA2 protection turn on and off with BA1 Since there is no provision for entering a service passcode via the BA2 keyswitch module BA1 and BA2 are temporarily linked while the system is in the service mode Lines 4174 4184 are performed if the system is nested linked or in the service mode At lines 4174 4178 the BA1 system is tested to make certain that it can turn on be cause BA2 should not be turned on if BA1 cannot also be turned on The test as to whether a BA system can turn on is performed by the BAXON subroutine lines 4751 4845 discussed below Lines 4180 4184 are per formed if BA1 can be turned on These lines therefore turn on BA2 if possible Lines 4186 et seq are per formed if BA2 is turned on or if the system is not nested or linked At lines 4187 4192 BA1 is turned on if possi ble Lines 4195 et seq are performed if BA1 is turned on Lines 4195 4196 clear the keyboard enable timer thereby making operation of the ON button the last keyboard operation that can be performed At lines 4198 4200 the program jumps to a portion of the bypass subrouti
39. 6 4538 clear the display enable and bypass display bits Lines 4540 4541 preset the reset timer which is used in the point in subroutine to ignore signals from the 33 requested test mode Lines 4452 4456 are Semel if PIDs for a short time after the RESET button has been operated This allows time for the system to stabilize after the RESET button has been operated Line 4545 sets a bit for advising communicator module 104 that the RESET button on keyboard 116 of control unit 102 has been operated Line 4547 causes the program to jump to a portion of the SILENCE button routine dis cussed below Lines 4557 4578 These lines process the silence com mand entered via the SILENCE button on keyboard 116 Lines 4560 4561 validate the silence command by ascertaining that keyboard 116 is enabled If the silence command is invalid lines 4563 4564 cause the usual response to an invalid command i e the keyboard data stack is cleared and the program continues without acting on or acknowledging the silence command Lines 4566 et s q are performed if the silence command is valid Lines 4567 4573 set two silence bits The first silence bit in SYSTMI silences the bells and sounder 118 which are operating in response to a fire alarm or supervisory alarm The second silence bit in SYSTM2 silences the bells and sounder 118 which are operating in response to a BA alarm Line 4575 ends the SI LENCE button routine by jumping to a
40. AM location This is a so called status request and it is cont manded by communicator output data equai to 61H Lines 3703 3704 3716 3728 and 3770 3775 basically perform this function 3 Read the local control unit passcode data This rz a so called field request and it is commanded by communicator output data equal to 60H Lines 3694 3701 and 3732 3775 basically perform this function The only one of the foregoing reading operations re quiring detailed discussion is the third or field request operation The field request operation returns a byte tc 20 45 50 55 60 65 47 reset by momentarily removing power Lines 3524 3549 test certain conditions for disconnecting the BA load These are 1 low battery condition and auto test timer equal to zero which means that the system is not in the test mode which automatically occurs when ever the BA protection is turned off or 2 the AC power has been off for more than a predetermined time interval and the disconnect option stored in PROM 380 is equal to one Lines 3551 3564 are performed only when neither of the two preceding conditions is present These lines set up data for momentarily de energizing the P outputs of the following PIDs during the first part of the reset timer cycle initiated by operat ing the RESET key on keyboard 116 1 if the system is in the service mode the P outputs of all PIDs are momentarily de energized or 2 if the system is not in
41. AMR2 when the entry time delay expires At lines 5502 5520 the PID number is encoded as the first six bits of a data byte At lines 5524 5552 the appropriate code number for alarm trouble tamper or communica tions failure is added to the data byte At lines 20 25 35 45 60 23 line 5276 to set up a system trouble passcode for trans mission to central station 106 Lines 5053 5144 5408 5497 and 5570 5588 These lines process the PID data for BA fixed alarm protec tion points BA fixed protection points e g window foil glass breakage sensors and the like are active at all times While the associated BA protection is on an alarm trouble tamper or communication failure from a fixed protection point is recognized as an alarm While the associated BA protection is off an alarm from a fixed protection point is recognized as a day trouble At lines 5050 5058 a test is made to determine whether or not the point is bypassed If the point is bypassed lines 5060 5066 increment the appropriate count of bypassed points and cause the program to jump to a line near the end of the point in subroutine If the point is not bypassed the program continues at lines 5072 5076 where some bookkeeping is done to take care of redun dant protection points i e points which require alarm confirmation from another protection point before an alarm will be sent This includes calling the redundant set subroutine lines 5570 5580 to se
42. D COP to respond as part of a test of the system For example if the BA2 system includes microphones for protecting a vault these lines set up data to energize a buzzer in the vault as a test of that portion of the BA2 system Line 2401 causes the program to jump to the sounder routine discussed be low Lines 2408 2482 These lines set up data to control the LEDs in LED display 112 The LEDs controlled 10 20 25 30 35 45 50 55 60 65 37 PIDs Certain status bits must be saved even if the PID which caused them to be set goes out of alarm The latch set routine lines 2164 2171 saves these status bits in a latch memory The status bits saved are fire alarm FA and BA1 and BA2 movable delayed alarms The FA status bit is saved to make certain that the local bell continues to ring and a fire alarm is sent to central station 106 even if a fire alarm point goes out of alarm The BA1 and BA2 movable delayed status bits are saved because the fact that a door was opened indicates the need to continue decrementing the entry time delay register even after the door has been closed MAIN PROGRAM CLEAR LATCHES ROUTINE The clear latches routine lines 2175 2194 clears the BAX movable delayed latch if BAX is off MAIN PROGRAM ENTRY TIME DELAY ROUTINE This routine lines 2198 2363 allows a subscriber to enter the premises via an entry with BA movable de layed protection while the BA protection is on a
43. IDs the C line is used to transmit so called relay and power com mands to the PIDs the D line transmits DC power from control unit 102 to the PIDs and the G line provides a ground connection at control unit 102 for the PIDs In the particular embodiment shown in the drawing S line signalling is accomplished by applying to the S line pulses having voltage V1 and V2 respectively above and below a quiescent S line voltage VS Simi larly C line signalling is accomplished by applying to the C line pulses having voltage V1 and V2 respec tively above and below a quiescent C line voltage VC Some of the S line pulses are used to address desired PIDs Other S line pulses are used to monitor the re sponse of the addressed PIDs Among the PID response data on the S line are the following three data items 1 whether or not the sensor connected to the PID has detected an alarm condition 2 whether or not the PID has detected a trouble e g a short circuit in the associ ated alarm sensor and 3 whether or not the PID has detected tampering with the PID Some of the C line pulses are used to set so called relay K and power P latches in the addressed PIDs while other C line pulses are used to reset those latches Typical uses of the K and P latches mentioned above are to turn on or off a lamp or other device connected to the PID or to turn on or off a device connected to the PID which uses power supplied by control unit 102
44. IG 4 if the auto test timer register is greater that a predetermined minimum As described above test de vice 404 tests the backup battery while the AC power is on to assure that the battery is ready in the event of an AC power failure The auto test timer is preset when ever the BA protection is turned off i e during the key in subroutine at line 4669 Because the BA protection is normally turned off and on at regular intervals e g once a day this results in sufficiently frequent battery tests The auto test timer is compared to a non zero minimum so that test device 404 will only be energized during part of the auto test time interval When test device 404 is energized the voltage of the AC power supply output signal is reduced to effectively place the System on battery power If the battery is weak low battery detector 376 FIG 4 will detect that fact and apply an appropriate low battery signal to microcom puter 350 This low battery information is transmitted to central station 106 Lines 2385 2395 These lines decrement a lamp test timer register which is preset at line 4459 in the TEST button routine discussed above and set up data to cause all the LEDs 112 and 114 to turn on if the lamp test timer register is not equal to zero This will occur in response to a 1 TEST request entered via keyboard 116 see Table J and accompanying discussion above Lines 2398 2401 These lines set up data to cause a commandable output PI
45. PLAY MODULE LOCAL CONTROL UNIT 2 6 54 LOCAL CONTROL APPARATUS FOR CENTRAL STATION ALARM SYSTEM Robert F Sheahan Staten Island N Y David S Terrett Lincroft N J 75 Inventors 73 Assignee American District Telegraph Company Jersey City N J 21 Appl No 473 794 2 Filed Mar 10 1983 Related U S Application Data 62 Division of Ser No 409 181 Aug 18 1982 51 Int C3 G08B 29 00 52 340 539 340 506 340 508 340 510 340 517 340 518 340 527 340 528 340 333 340 825 06 340 825 1 340 825 31 179 5 R 58 Field of Search 340 539 502 511 340 517 518 521 522 526 527 528 531 532 536 538 635 636 693 660 663 541 577 584 587 588 825 05 825 06 333 825 31 825 32 825 1 825 13 179 5 R 5 P 56 References Cited U S PATENT DOCUMENTS 3 408 642 10 1968 Palladino 340 543 3 544 987 12 1970 McMann 9 3 881 171 4 1975 Moorman 340 542 3 978 478 8 1976 Schmitz 340 506 4 048 620 9 1977 Crandall 340 825 45 4 048 621 9 1977 Conklin 340 825 45 joo 7000 2 YOLVIINNINWOI pee Gi 7 0377 eu 4 459 582 Sheet 1 of 8 Jul 10 1984 U S Patent DIJ foc Yt WON yn 27 ose ng VALTER 2 LUE o E S 4 459 582
46. PROM 380 These lines read from the PROM address specified by the contents of the output buffer register and transmit that PROM data back to commu nicator module 104 Lines 3795 3814 These lines handle the two dais writing functions listed in Table N above Line 3803 tests the F1 bit in the communicator status word Lines 3805 3810 are performed if the F1 bit is zero These lines write the data in the communicator output buffer register into the RAM address specified by the contents of register WRTARI Lines 3812 3814 are performed if the F1 bit is one and transfer the contents of the commu nicator output buffer register into register 1 Lines 3817 3827 These lines repeat the communica tor module logic for the second communicator module if there is a second such module which there is not in the particular embodiment shown herein Line 3831 This is the last line of the main program It causes the program to jump back to the start of the main program line 1560 for another pass through the main program TIMER INTERRUPT ROUTINE _ At regular time intervals processing of the main pro gram is interrupted and program control jumps to a so called timer interrupt routine which begins at line 675 The principal functions of the timer interrupt rou tine are 1 to update at appropriate time intervals several timing bits used in the main program to time various operations such as the exit and entry time de lays 2
47. United States Patent Sheahan et al 11 Patent Number 4 459 582 45 Date of Patent Jul 10 1984 4 088 983 98 340 505 4 095 739 6 1978 340 51 4 114 147 8 340 528 4 161 721 7 1979 340 825 3 4 162 488 7 1979 340 505 4 189 719 2 1980 340 501 4 206 449 6 1980 340 505 4 216 375 8 1980 235 382 4 228 424 10 1980 Primary Examiner Donnie L Crosland Attorney Agent or Firm Robert R Jackson Charles B Smith 57 ABSTRACT In a central station alarm system the alarm sensors asso ciated with a particular subscriber s premises are moni tored by a local control unit associated with those prem ises and controllable by the subscriber The local con trol unit automatically reminds the subscriber when he is supposed to close the premises and turn on the sys tem The local control unit allows the subscriber to change his expected closing time The local control unit may also perform various other functions such as auto matically cutting off power to low priority alarm sen sors during a prolonged power failure automatically cancelling any audible alarm indication silence com mands when there are no alarms to silence and auto matically forming a bridge connection between the remote ends of two communication circuits when there is a breax in either circuit 9 Claims 8 Drawing Figures Microfiche Appendix Included 2 Microfiche 182 Pages 14 76 1082 HA 7272 M4 LED oe sod 7 SEGMENT COMMUNICATO DIS
48. able delayed data Lines 5502 5565 These lines are the alarm memory subroutine In general this subroutine saves the number of the first PID to indicate a trouble or alarm together with a code number representing the type of trouble or alarm detected This information is used subsequently to control a display so that the subscriber and or service personnel will know what initiated an alarm or trouble There are seven memories controlled by this subroutine as follows see also lines 88 94 TABLE D Memory Name Memory FAMR FXAMR The first fire alarm The first of the following conditions while the BA1 protection is off 1 A BAI fixed alarm trouble tamper or communications failure 2 A trouble tamper or communica tions failure in a BA1 movable instant BA movable delayed or BA1 holdup protection point Same as FXAMR but for BAZ system The first supervisory alarm The first trouble tamper or com munications failure in a fire alarm or supervisory alarm PID While the BA1 protection is on the first BA fixed alarm the first BA movable instant alarm or after ex piration of the entry time delay the first BA1 movable delayed alarm Same as SAMR for BA2 system FXAMR2 SPAMR TBLMR SAMR SAMR2 The alarm memory subroutine does not directly control SAMR and SAMR2 Rather this subroutine controls temporary buffers AMBR and AMBR2 the contents of which are respectively transferred to SAMR and S
49. above Redundancy only requieres confirmation of an alarm or trouble indication It has no effect on the processing of tamper or communications failure indications A redundant alarm receives a full response e g the local bell rings but a different low level alarm signal is sent to central station 106 unless or until the redundant alarm is confirmed by another alarm The requirement for confirmation of a redundant alarm or trouble indication is overridden when any point in the system is bypassed At lines 3917 3924 the program returns to the calling routine if the PID data is indicating only tamper or communications failure or if any point in the system is bypassed The calling routine will then continue processing as though the point were not a redundant point At lines 3926 3939 the program checks to see if any other alarm has been indicated If another alarm has not been indicated at lines 3941 3944 the program returns to the calling routine with the carry flag set to indicate that the point is a redundant point requiring confirmation If another alarm has been indicated the program returns to the calling routine without setting the carry flag Lines 5241 5245 These lines process the PID dati for BA movable instant redundant points The logic is similar to that for BA fixed redundant points discussed above Lines 5250 5254 These lines process the PID data for BA movable delayed redundant points The logic is similar to tha
50. ach scan of the keyboard so that when an operated key is detected the current KEYLOCK value is a num ber representing the operated key Lines 817 821 deter mine whether or not a keyboard scan is complete If so lines 823 827 reset KEYLOC to zero so that it can begin counting again the next time the timer interrupt routine is called If no operated key was detected by the end of a keyboard scan lines 829 833 store a non zero value in the register which records the number of an operated key to prevent the key in subroutine discussed above from interpreting the data in that register as indicating that the button associated with code number zero was operated Lines 835 838 restore microproces sor 350 port 2 to its condition prior to initiation of the timer interrupt routine in anticipation of return from the timer interrupt routine to the main program Lines 840 843 These lines enable processing of the timer interrupt routine to continue at the program loca tion just after the program location at which the pro cessing of the timer interrupt routine was last stopped by return to the main program Thus each time the timer interrupt routine is called the initial part of that routine lines 675 881 is performed and a portion of the remainder of that routine is performed until an instruc tion is reached returning program control from the timer interrupt routine to the main program The next time the timer interrupt routine is called the ini
51. ains that same data in its four more significant bits together with the data from the next PROM address in its four less significant bits Lines 5696 5732 These lines are the so called person number subroutine This subroutine is given a number from 0 through 63 This number is a code number for a condition to be transmitted to central station 106 This subroutine stores this information by setting the corre sponding one of 64 bits in 8 bytes in the RAM see lines 116 123 This information is later decoded by other portions of the program discussed above which controls communication with communicator module 104 see for example the discussion of lines 3680 3775 above Lines 5736 5773 These lines are several subroutines which are called to decrement timer registers if timing information generated elsewhere in the program indi cates that it is appropriate to decrement the register and if the register is not already zero See also the above discussion of lines 1560 1563 which are part of the main program input routine For example the CTS32S sub routine decrements a particular timer register each time 32 milliseconds have elapsed since that register was last decremented When the register being decremented has just become zero a carry bit is set This information is sometimes used by the calling routine We claim 1 In a security alarm system including a central sta tion for receiving security alarm signals from at least one remo
52. al time into the late close timer using the HOURS button Lines 2943 2954 These lines set a sounder on bit in a temporary register whenever any of the forego ing logic indicates that sounder 118 should be ener gized Lines 2958 3123 These lines set up data for control ling commandable output PIDs or COPs 4 10 For convenience the functions of COPs 0 3 are also tabulated below Like other PIDs each COP has a P latch and a K latch The functions of the 11 COPs and their P and K latches are as follows also lines 539 584 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 45 50 65 41 7 The BA1 bell timer register is not equal to zero which means that the burglar alarm bell is ringing lines 2909 2920 8 The exit time delay register indicates that only a relatively short time remains before expiration of the exit time delay lines 2923 2932 This feature is provided to warn the subscriber that he has not left the premises promptly enough after turning on the BA protection and that he should therefore turn off the protection and start his closing procedure over again 9 The late close timer register diesen that only a relatively short time remains before expiration of that timer lines 2934 2941 This feature is pro vided to warn the subscriber that he has not closed the premises at the expected time and that if he wishes to extend his closing time he should add an appropriate amount of time to the late clo
53. assuring that the output of the circuit remains at VS and VC regardless of the load on the output Capacitor 158 provides a connection to ground which acts as a radio frequency RF bypass filter for the VS VC V1 and V2 circuits The circuits for generating Vi and V2 are similar to the circuit for generating VS and VC Series connected resistor 162 Zener diode 164 and resistor 166 with capacitor 168 in parallel with the Zener diode form a voltage dividing network The voltages on opposite sides of Zener diode 164 retain a constant differentia despite possible fluctuations in the voltage of the power supply source of A volts e g due to a drop in backup battery voltage during a prolonged AC power failure Operational amplifier 180 is connected to one side of Zener diode 164 to produce voltage V1 and operational amplifier 182 is connected to the outer side of Zener diode 164 to produce voltage V2 In each case the oper ational amplifier is connected as a unity gain amplifier 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 65 Y fying themselves to the system Entry of a valid pass code while the BA1 protection is on automatically turns the BA1 protection off Entry ofa valid passcode at any time also activates the non digit buttons on keyboard 116 for a predetermined time period during which time period the authorized operator can operate those non digit buttons to command the system to perform various functions The ON butto
54. ation of all thie symbols defined in the program with the hexadecimal base 16 equivalent value of each symbol Following page 175 are 17 pages on which all of the symbols defined in the program are listed again with the program line number of every reference to each symbol A line number followed by the symbol is the line number at which the symbol is defined These two lists of variables and other sym bols do not form part of the program but are program ming and diagnostic aids f The first part of the program listing i e lines 1 666 are statements which equate EQU symbols used in the program to particular numbers For example line 6 states that the symbol PIDCNT whenever encountered in the program is to be interpreted as the decimal num ber 48 A number is a decimal number base 10 unless followed by B or H A number followed by B is a binary base 2 number and a number followed by H is a hexa decimal base 16 number Although the comments contained in the microfiche appendix listing are be lieved to be largely explanatory of lines 1 666 addi tional comments are provided here regarding selected lines i Line 6 PIDCNT is equated to 48 because this is the maximum number of PIDs allowed in the system exclu 4 459 582 18 FIG 4 and controls output devices 112 114 118 402 and 404 via input output expanders 390 and 400 2 PID communication routine not reproduced in the microfiche appendix for th
55. bypassed Lines 4361 4363 allow non BA1 point to be bypassed if the system is in the service mode Lines 4365 4369 disallow any bypassing of fire supervisory or holdup PIDs Lines 4371 4375 prevent bypassing any BA2 point unless an option stored in PROM 380 allows BA2 bypassing Lines 4376 4378 prevent any BA2 point from being bypassed while the BA2 protection is on Lines 4380 4395 bypass the request point if it is not already bypassed or remove the bypass from the re quested point if it is already bypassed This display enable bit is used in the display portion of the output routine lines 2486 2766 to enable display of the num ber of the bypassed point by seven segment display 114 Line 4397 sets a bit for enabling the bypass display Lines 4401 4420 are used at the end of the processing of any valid keyboard command These lines reenable keyboard 116 set up data for subsequently causing a long sounder 118 beep to acknowledge entry of a valid command clear the keyboard data stack and return the program to the calling routine Lines 4424 4473 These lines process commands en tered via the TEST key on keyboard 116 There are five test functions called by the following keyboard button sequences TABLE J Keyboard Button Sequence Test Function 0 TEST Displays present off normal PID status LED seven segment display bell and sounder test i e preset timers to illuminate all LEDs and seven segment displays and to ring
56. c CLOCK data at lines 2472 2474 Lines 2486 2766 These lines set up data for control ling seven segment display 114 and the related LEDs Display 114 is used to display the following informa tion the contents of the alarm memory registers lines 2503 2609 the number of hours in the late close timer register lines 2613 2619 the numbers of the off nor mal points lines 2624 2766 Lines 2486 2495 These lines increment a scroll pointer which is used to step the seven segment display through displays of successive items of information The scroll pointer is incremented at a frequency which allows the subscriber sufficient time to read each item of displayed information without requiring an undue amount of time for all of the information to be dis played The scroll pointer is used to scroll through the alarm memory registers lines 2503 2609 and through the off normal points lines 2624 2766 Lines 2497 2500 these lines cause the program to jump to the appropriate logic for displaying 1 the contents of the alarm memory registers lines 2503 2609 2 the number of hours in the late close timer register lines 2613 2619 or 3 the numbers of the off normal points lines 2624 2766 Lines 2503 2609 These lines set up data for causing display of the contents of the alarm memory registers Lines 2503 2514 assure that the scroll pointer is in the proper range for addressing the seven alarm memories see lines 88 94 and Table D abov
57. c clock frequency of microcomputer 350 Pin 3 is also connected to ground via capacitor 354 Pin 4 is the reset pin which is connected to manual reset switch 356 via diode 358 When reset switch 356 is 25 closed microcomputer 350 resets and begins its operat ing routine or program from the start as though it were commencing operation for the first time Pins 5 and 6 are the single step and interrupt pins respectively These pins are not used in this embodiment and are 30 therefore connected to 5 volts Capacitor 368 is a filter capacitor Pin 7 is the internal external select pin With jumper 360 removed as it is in the disclosed em bodiment program instructions are read from a read only memory ROM which is internal to microcom 35 puter 350 Pin 8 is the read control or RD pin which carries a sigrial for instructing other devices connected to the microcomputer that the microcomputer is ready to read data or other information from those other de vices Pin 9 is not used Pin 10 is the write control or 40 WR pin which carries a signal for instructing other devices connected to the microcomputer that the mi crocomputer is ready to write data or other information to those other devices Pin 11 is not used Pins 12 19 are the eight pins of an eight bit data bus the individual leads of which are respectively designated DB0 DB7 Resistors 364 are pull up resistors for the data bus l
58. can accommodate as many as 64 PIDs although this number is in no way critical to the invention Certain PID numbers are restricted to being of partic ular types as follows TABLE A PID No Required Type 0 10 Commandable output PIDs 11 12 Bridge PIDs 13 Not used 14 Remote BA2 keys with 15 Bell PID 16 63 Ordinary alarm PIDS Commandable output PIDs are PIDs which send no data to control unit 102 but which can receive data from the control unit to control a device associated with the PID e g to turn on or turn off a pump associated with the PID Bridge PIDs are PIDs which can be used to selectively connect cables 108a 108 together to form a closed loop see discussion of FIG 7 below The re mote BA2 keyswitch PID is a control unit remote from local control unit 102 for allowing part of the burglar alarm system i e the so called BA2 part of the burglar alarm system to be turned on or off from the remote location of the BA2 keyswitch PID The BA2 system is typically associated with a secured area such as a safe or 3 The local control unit of this invention may also include a battery for supplying power to the apparatus in the event of failure of the primary alternating current power supply means for monitoring the alternating current power to detect failure of that power supply and means for automatically turning off power to the non fire alarm sensors connected to the local control unit when the alternating
59. ck diagram of yet another portion of the local control unit of this invention FIG 5 is a schematic diagram of still another portion of the local control unit of this invention FIG 6 is a block diagram of a typical point interface device PID for use with the local control unit of this invention FIG 7 is a block diagram of a typical installation of bridge PIDs in accordance with this invention FIG 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the audio sounder which is part of the local control unit of this invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION As shown in FIG 1 the local control unit 102 of this invention is typically used in a central station alarm system 100 including a plurality of point interface de vices PIDs monitored and or controlled by control unit 102 and a communicator module 104 connected to control unit 102 for allowing the control unit to com municate with a remotely located central station 106 Typically the PIDs and elements 102 and 104 are lo cated on the premises protected by the system while central station 106 is located a substantial distance away from the protected premises The PIDs are typically distributed throughout the protected premises and each PID is connected to a 4 459 582 6 TABLE C LED No LED Color Indicated Condition DS1 Green Protection on DS2 Yellow Common trouble DS3 Yellow Communication failure DS4 Yellow AC power failure DSS Red Fire a
60. current has been off for a predetermined length of time in order to conserve re maining battery power for continued operation of the fire alarm sensors and of the system in the event of a fire 20 25 30 _ Strong room within the premises protected by the re mainder of the burglar alarm system i e the so called BA1 part of the burglar alarm system The bell PID is the PID which controls the ringing of an alarm bell associated with the protected premises In FIG 1 reference numbers 8 14 15 16 29 and 63 are associated with the representative PIDs shown These reference numbers correspond to the PID num bers discussed above Thus PID 8 is a commandable output PID PID 14 is a remote BA2 keyswitch PID PID 15 is a bell PID and PIDs 16 29 and 63 are typical alarm PIDs The order and arrangement of the PIDs along cables 108a 108b is entirely arbitrary The con struction of a typical PID is shown in FIG 6 and de scribed in detail below There are sixteen types of ordinary alarm PIDs iden tified in a programmable read only memory PROM associated with control unit 102 as follows TABLE B Alarm PID Type BA fixed BAI movable instant BAJ movable delayed BAI fixed redundant BA1 movable instant redundant BAI movable delayed redundant BA2 fixed BA2 movable instant BA2 movable delayed BA2 fixed redundant BA2 movable instant redundant BA2 movable delayed redundant Holdup Supervisory Fire
61. d by lines 351 360 Line 3610 addresses the communicator status word and lines 3612 3613 store that word in a temporary register Lines 3615 3616 These lines test the communicator status word to make certain that a communicator mod ule is connected to control unit 102 If a module is pres ent there is always at least one zero in the status word In the absence of a module pull up resistors 364 substi tute ones for the data which would otherwise come from the communicator module The presence of ali ones in the temporary register therefore indicates the absence of a communicator module Lines 3618 3621 These lines are performed if there is no communicator module These lines test a bit which is set whenever a communicator module is present in order to determine whether the absence of the commu nicator module means that the module has been re moved Lines 3623 3625 These lines set a so called dead dialer bit if the communciator module did exist and is now missing The program then skips the rest of the lines relating to the communicator module 4 459 582 50 again and then processing of the S and C line control logic resumes where processing of that logic last left off In this way the microprocessor gradually cycles through the logic needed to successively communicate with all of the PIDs during successive calls of the timer interrupt routine Lines 675 682 These lines effect the transition of program control from the main pr
62. display that deci mal digit Lines 2770 2954 excluding lines 2787 2797 dis cussed above These lines set up temporary register data which ultimately controls sounder 118 sometimes called SONALERT in the comments in the micro fiche appendix The following conditions dealt with at the indicated lines cause or may cause sounder 118 to be energized 1 Operation of any key on keyboard 116 iines 2772 2782 2 A fire alarm lines 2816 2831 3 A troubie i e any of faults 1 8 in Table H above or supervisory PID alarm or trouble or a trouble in a fice alarm PID lines 2834 2863 A BA fixed alarm lines 2873 2888 The BA1 movable delayed latch equals one which means that a protection point e g a door associ ated with a movable delayed PID has been openec while the BA protection is on lines 2897 2901 The entry time delay register equals zero which means that someone has entered the premises via a movable delayed protection point while the BA protection is on and has not entered a valid pass code before expiration of the entry time delay lines 2904 2907 np 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 39 by this routine include DS1 BA1 protection on 2 common trouble DS3 communication failure and DS4 AC power failure See also Table C above Lines 2412 2417 These lines control a bit in tempo rary register R3 which ultimately controls LED 1051 to indicate whether or
63. e As discussed above each of these alarm memories contains the num ber of the first alarm of the type associated with that memory Lines 2516 2524 search all seven alarm mem ory registers for a register containing some alarm infor 4 459 582 42 when the sounder timer register is zero because the sounder timer register is used to time the hours display see discussion of lines 4262 4264 above Sounder 118 comes on again at time 488 in FIG 8 because lines 2897 2901 below are processed Lines 2816 2831 These lines are processed to set up data for energizing sounder 118 if there is a fire alarm if the system is not silenced for fire alarms and if a cyclic clock bit is set This causes sounder 118 to pulse on and off while there is an unsilenced fire alarm Lines 2834 2863 These lines are performed if there is a trouble of the type identified above in relation to these lines These lines set up data for energizing sounder 118 if there is a trouble if the system is not silenced for fire alarms and if two cyclic clock bits are set The frequency of one of these clock bits is twice the frequency of the other so that these lines cause two closely spaced sounder pulses followed by a pause followed by two more closely spaced sounder pulses followed by a pause and so on Lines 2866 2869 These lines are performed if there are no fire alarms or troubles of the type mentioned above These lines clear the fire alarm silence bit so tha
64. e Lines 2134 2142 cause the program to jump back to line 1932 for another pass for BA2 if the pass just completed is for BA1 MAIN PROGRAM KEY PRRESSED COUNTER PRESET ROUTINE Lines 2149 2160 These lines preset a counter register to a given number each time a predetermined time inter val has elapsed The contents of this register are decre mented every time a keyboard 116 digit key is de pressed and as discussed above in connection with the combo routine of the key in subroutine lines 4014 4137 digit key data is only accepted as long as this register is not zero In this way rapid entry of a large number of digit combinations in the hope of find ing a valid combination is prevented MAIN PROGRAM LATCH SET ROUTINE In the point in subroutine discussed above status bits were set to indicate the current status of the various 20 25 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 35 Lines 1949 1965 These lines test the exit time delay register and if it is not zero decrement it at appropriate time intervals Line 1966 This line causes the program to jump to line 1976 if the exit time delay just became zero Lines 1968 1969 These lines cause the program to jump to line 2051 if the exit time delay is not yet zero Lines 1971 1972 These lines cause the program to jump to line 2119 if the exit time delay is zero The comment at line 1971 in the microfiche appendix is incorrect and should read C 0 EXIT TIME DE LAY 0
65. e PID is one of special PIDs 11 15 Lines 4982 4993 These lines read from PROM 380 data indicating the type of PID being processed Lines4997 5012 These lines define the PROM data for the various types of PIDs DB is an instruction meaning define byte The comment VEL stands for redundant as in Table B above Lines 5014 5019 These lines cause the program to jump to specific routines for handling the various BA PID types Lines 5020 5036 These lines cause the program to jump to specific routines for handling the various BA PID types after setting flag FO to indicate that the PID is a BA2 PID Lines 5038 5042 These lines cause the program to jump to specific routines for handling the various non BA PID types Lines 5047 5049 These lines handle the unreal condi tion that an off normal condition has been found in a PID which PROM 380 cannot identify e g because PROM 380 has been removed The program jumps to 35 40 45 50 55 60 21 system to prevent any BA2 PID from being perma nently bypassed And at lines 1869 1877 data is set up to send to central station 106 the passcode of the person turning off the BA2 system unless the system has only Sans service ie the class of service in which only alarms and not openings and closings are reported to the central station Lines 1884 1889 These lines call two major subrou tines known as the point in and key in subroutines The point in
66. e alarm conditions from false alarm conditions This greatly reduces the transmission of false alarms to the central station A more sophisticated local control unit also allows the subscriber to have much greater control over his installation without needing to interact with the central station personnel Other advantages of advanced local control units for central station alarm systems are well known to those skilled in the art One of the operating difficulties in many central sta tion alarm systems has been that subscribers frequently wish to change the time at the end of the day at which they intend to close their premises In many systems the subscriber must telephone the central station to report a change in closing time so that the central station opera tors will know how to interpret signals received before and after that time This restricts the subscriber and creates a large volume of telephone traffic for the cen tral station In addition should the subscriber fail to contact the central station operators at the central sta tion must spend a large amount of time to contact the subscriber to obtain the new schedule or inform the subscriber that he failed to secure the premises 4 459 582 4 conventional alarm sensor or similar apparatus not shown The PIDs are all connected to local control unit 102 by one or two cables 108a 1085 which may if desired form a single closed loop The particular em bodiment discussed herein
67. e key in subroutine is called by the main program input routine after the point in subroutine steps have been performed for all of the PIS in the system Lines 3949 3954 These lines test the register KEY BUF to determine whether or not there is any new key information in that register The KEYBUF register is actually loaded with key information during the timer interrupt routine discussed below If there is no new key information the program returns to the calling main program input routine Otherwise the new key informa tion is processed in this subroutine as described below Lines 3957 3962 and 3995 4010 These lines convert the key identification stored in KEYBUF to a code which identifies the key that has been operated for the remainder of the key in subroutine as follows FABLE E Actual Keyboard KEYBUF Key In Subroutine 116 Key Key No Code No SILENCE 0 F ON 1 A 0 2 0 HOURS 3 B RESET 4 E 9 5 9 8 6 8 7 7 7 BYPASS 8 c 6 9 6 5 LA 5 4 B 4 TEST 0 D 20 25 30 40 45 55 65 25 5556 5565 the data byte is stored in the appropriate alarm memory Lines 5233 5236 These lines process the PID data for BA fixed redundant protection points The process ing is the same as for BA fixed points except that the redundant subroutine lines 3913 3944 discussed below is called before the normal BA fixed processing begins Lines 3913 3944 These lines are the redundant sub routine mentioned
68. e reasons discussed in detail below This portion of the timer interrupt routine con trols actual physical communication with the PIDs via the Sand C lines As mentioned above the timer interrupt routine is called every X milliseconds Program control remains in the timer interrupt routine less than X milliseconds After processing of the front end program microcom puter 350 reverts to working on the main program for the remainder of the X millisecond time interval Although the comments contained in the microfiche appendix program listing are believed to be largely explanatory of the source program additional com ments are provided here regarding selected lines of the program MAIN PROGRAM START ROUTINE Lines 669 672 1271 1274 These lines clear all loca tions of the data RAM to zero Lines 1278 1350 These lines read data from PROM 10 15 20 380 which indicates whether or not the associated in stallation includes a PID for each of the possible PID addresses Lines 1355 1359 These lines preset and start the 25 timer interrupt counter This counter is used to inter rupt the main program every X milliseconds to initiate processing of the timer interrupt routine as described above Lines 1361 and 1370 1376 line 1362 is discussed after line 1383 below These lines initialize the program 30 status word PSW for the timer interrupt routine Lines 1378 1381 These lin
69. e system are put back in the 55 60 65 19 least significant bit of CLK TMP is set every N times the timer interrupt routine is called the next least signifi cant bit of CLKTMP is set every M times the least significant bit is set the next least significant bit of CLKTMP is set every P times the preceding bit is set and so on In this way the various bits of CLKTMP or CLOCK have various time values and can be used to indicate that time intervals of various lengths have elapsed Lines 1567 1596 These lines control the keyboard enable timer register wKBETR so that the TEST BYPASS RESET SILENCE ON and HOURS but tons on keyboard 116 FIG 5 will be enabled for a predetermined time interval after a valid passcode has been entered by an authorized operator of local control unit 102 In general the digit buttons on keyboard 116 are always enabled but the other keyboard buttons are only enabled after a valid passcode has been entered At lines 1578 1579 a counter for controlling sounder 118 also called SONALERT in the comments in the microfiche appendix is preset when KBETR times out to cause a short audio tone from sounder 118 to indicate that the non digit buttons of keyboard 116 have been disabled At lines 1584 1594 a manager bit indicating that the non digit keyboard keys were enabled in re sponse to one of four higher level passcodes a hostage bit indicating that the non digit keyboard keys were enabled in
70. e that fact At lines 4790 4795 which are reached only if none of the foregoing tests indicate that the BA1 or BA2 system cannot be turned on the program jumps back to the calling routine if the BAXON subroutine was called only to determine whether or not the BA1 or BA2 system could be turned on Otherwise the BAXON subroutine continues at lines 4797 4801 where a test is made to determine whether the BA system being tested is already on At lines 4803 4805 the BA system which is presently off is turned on Lines 4807 4809 set a ring back request bit which subse quently causes sounder 118 to produce an audio indica tion that the fact that the BA system has been turned on has been communicated to central station 106 This audio indication is not provided if the system has only Sans service At lines 4811 4815 the fixed alarm memo ries are cleared and at lines 4817 4820 the security alarm memories are cleared If the service is not Sans which is tested at lines 4822 4828 data is set up at lines 4830 4832 to send to central station 106 the pass code of the person turning on the BA system And if there are any points bypassed which is determined at lines 4834 4835 data is set up at lines 4837 4841 to send to central station 106 the bapass passcode At lines 4843 4845 the program returns to the calling routine with the carry bit set to indicate that the BA1 system has been turned on Lines 4213 4264 and 5593 5675 These lines process co
71. eads Pin 20 is the ground pin and is connected to ground as sh wn Capacitor 366 is also connected between pins 4 and 20 Pins 21 24 and 35 38 are the eight pins of input output port 2 The individual leads of input output port 2 are respectively designated P20 P27 Pin 25 is 2 control line needed for communication between mi crocomputer 350 and input output expanders 390 anc 400 in the conventional manner Pins 26 and 40 are power supply pins and are thus connected to 5 volts Pins 27 34 are the eight pins of input output port 1 The individual leads of input output port 1 are designatec P10 P17 Leads P10 and Pil are respectively con nected to inverting buffers 200 and 190 in FIG 2 an leads P12 and P13 are respectively connected to invert ing buffers 300 and 290 in FIG 3 Lead P14 is con nected to tamper detector 370 which may be a conven tional circuit for detecting when someone is trying to gain access to the interior of control unit 102 Lead P15 is connected to AC power detector 372 which may be a conventional circuit for detecting an AC power failure 45 60 9 to assure that the output signal remains at V1 or V2 regardless of the output load The circuit for controlling the S line voltage i is ulti mately controlled by the S line V1 enable pin 28 and 5 line V2 enable pin 27 of microcomputer 350 in FIG 4 The signals on these pins are respectively applied to conventional inverting buffers 190 and 2
72. eedback input to operational amplifier 220 is connected to ground via resistor 228 Thus the voltage on the S line is either V1 V2 or VS depending on whether a V1 pulse a V2 pulse or neither is to be transmitted to the PIDs via the S line Control unit 102 monitors the current flowing i in the S line to detect the data response of the PIDs This is accomplished by monitoring the voltage drop across resistor 242 The voltages on opposite sides of resistor 242 are applied to the input terminals of operational amplifier 250 via resistors 244 and 246 The point inter mediate resistor 246 and operational amplifier 250 is connected to ground via resistor 248 and capacitor 249 The operational amplifier output signal is fed back to the operational amplifier via resistor 252 and capacitor 254 The operational amplifier output signal is also con nected to ground via resistor 256 and to one input termi nal of conventional comparators 260 and 262 Thus operational amplifier 250 produces an output signal proportional to the voltage drop across resistor 242 Comparators 260 and 262 each compare the output signal of operational amplifier 250 to a reference signal X volts or Y volts to provide a window within which valid PID response data must fall The output signals of comparators 260 and 262 are respectively applied to pins 1 and 39 of microcomputer 350 in FIG 4 Pull up resistors 264 266 are used to assure that there is sufficient curre
73. ely turns on the P latch of COP 4 when any one of the following BA1 conditions is satisfied 1 The BA1 movable delayed latch equals 1 indicat ing that the 1 protection is on and someone has entered the premises via a BA1 movable delayed protection point 2 The BAI bell ring timer is not equal to zero indi cating that someone has broken into the premises while the BA1 protection was on 3 The BA1 exit timer is not equal to zero indicating the the BA1 protection is off or that the BA1 pro tection has just been turned on and the time for the subscriber to leave the premises has not yet ex pired Register R3 is used as a temporary register for accumu lating bits which ultimately control the P and K latches of COPs 4 7 see lines 554 569 for the significance of the various bits Thus at line 2979 bit 0 the right most bit in register R3 is set if any of the foregoing condi tions are satisfied Lines 2985 3005 These lines are similar to lines 2958 2981 but set up a bit for turning on the K latch of COP 4 in response to the specified conditions of the BA2 system I Lines 3009 3020 These lines set up a bit for turning on the P latch of COP 5 whenever the BA1 fixed alarm memory is not equal to zero Lines 3024 3035 These lines set up a bit for turning on the K latch of COP 5 whenever the BA2 fixed alarm 10 20 25 30 35 memory is not equal to zero Lines 3039 3049 These lines set up a bit for
74. er The contents of counter 72 and register 78 are compared by comparator 76 which may be any conventional device for comparing two binary numbers and producing an output signal only when the two numbers being compared are equal The output signal of comparator 76 is applied as an enabling signal to output gate logic 80 and steering logic 88 Thus de vices 80 and 88 are enabled only when the number of address pulses received by the PID via the S line equals the address of the PID stored in register 78 A data signal from the alarm sensor connected to the PID is applied to data detector 82 A typical alarm sensor data signal has three voltage levels e g a high voltage if the sensor detects an alarm a low voltage if the sensor is in a trouble condition and an intermediate voltage if the sensor is operating properly and no alarm has been detected Accordingly data detector 82 may be a conventional threshold detector circuit for identi fying the information represented by the alarm sensor data signal and producing a plurality of output signals each of which is representative of a respective one of the possible sensor conditions e g alarm trouble nor mal The output signals of data detector 82 are stored in data storage register 84 which may be a conventional binary storage register If desired data storage register 84 may be erased each time the output signal of compar ator 76 switches to its disabling state to effectively reset
75. er diode like device is connected between the D line circuits and local ground 136 to protect the D line circuit from high voltage transients e g due to lightning The S and C line circuits are similarly protected from high voltage transients by surge suppressors 144 and 146 respectively The two G terminals are connected to local ground 136 Local ground 136 is connected to true earth ground or cold water ground 138 via parallel connected surge suppressor 140 and capacitor 142 In this way any transients induced in the system are conducted to cold water ground 138 Within control unit 102 the source of A volts is connected across diode 150 and capacitor 152 to a con ventional voltage regulator 154 for providing a stable source of 5 volts for powering the digital logic ele ments described in detail below The output signal of diode 150 is also used as a source of reference voltage V which is substantially equal to volts minus the small voltage drop due to diode 150 Also within con trol unit 102 the source of A volts is connected via diode 160 to circuits for generating three other voltages V1 V2 and VS VC These voltages are related to one another as follows V1 VS VC V2 The circuit for generating VS and VC includes oper ational amplifier 170 connected between voltage divid ing resistors 172 and 174 which are augmented by ca pacitors 176 and 178 Operational amplifier 170 acts as a unity gain amplifier for
76. er to com municate with microcomputer 350 is controlled by the chip select or CS signals appearing at microcomputer 350 pins 35 and 36 respectively These chip select sig nals are applied to CS pin 6 of the input output expan ders The input output expanders latch data applied to their ports 4 7 so that this data remains fixed until changed by new data Power is applied to pin 24 of each input output expander and pin 12 of each input output expander is connected to ground A capacitor 392 is connected between pins 12 and 24 of each input output expander The details of communication between mi crocomputer 350 and the input output expanders are conventional and are not important to the present in vention Input output expander 390 is used to control displays 112 and 114 and to accept data from keyboard 116 These elements of local control unit 102 are shown in detail in FIG 5 As discussed in greater detail below microcomputer 350 selects each bit 770 773 of input output expander 390 port 7 one at a time in a continu ously repeating cycle Each P70 P73 bit is selected for a predetermined relatively short interval of time e g a small number of milliseconds and is logical 0 while thus selected Selection of the P70 bit turns on transistor 410 in cooperation with resistors 412 and 414 This applies power to the anodes of light emitting diodes DS1 DS7 At the same time that bit P70 is selected logical 0 the appropriate ones of
77. es initialize the PID ad dress counter ADDCNT with the number of PIDs in the installation This is done so that microcomputer 350 will interrogate all the PIDs in the installation Line 1383 This line directs microcomputer 350 to perform a portion of the timer interrupt routine Lines 1362 and 1543 1556 These lines preset the AC timer preset the start timer turn on the BAT system preset the bell ring timer and preset the bell ring 35 40 counter Elsewhere in the program the AC timer is incremented up to a predetermined amount such as four hours each time a predetermined time interval passes with no loss of AC power and decremented each time a predetermined time interval passes with no AC power In this way the AC timer represents the amount of time the system has been operating with AC power The AC timer can therefore be used as an indication of the level of the charge on the backup battery The start timer is used to prevent the system from responding to alarms during the first few seconds that the system is turned on This allows the system to settle down before alarm indications are acted upon The BA1 protection is turned on and the bell associated with the system rings whenever reset button 356 is operated and the start routine is therefore performed In this way an alarm is produced in the event that the housing of local control anim 102 i is ripped open and reset button 356 is
78. gram to jump to line 2107 if BAX is off Lines 1946 1947 These lines clear the late close timer because the protection is on As is discussed elsewhere the late close timer is used to monitor the subscriber s closing time and to remind him to turn the system on or to advise the central station that the system has not been turned on at the proper time 20 25 35 45 50 55 60 65 0 TEST is requested These lines set the display enable bit and cause the program to jump to a portion of the BYPASS button routine discussed above The display enable bit is used in the display portion of the output routine lines 2486 2766 to cause even segment display 114 to display the information requested by the TEST button request Lines 4458 4461 are performed if 1 TEST is requested These lines preset a test timer and then cause the program to jump back to line 4453 Lines 4463 4467 are performed if 2 TEST is requested These lines set a test latch TMLMSK which is reset at the start of the ON button routine and in the RESET button routine Again the program subsequently jumps to line 4453 above Lines 4470 4473 are performed if 3 TEST is requested These lines set the bypass display bit and cause the program to jump back to line 4453 If 4 TEST is requested the program jumps to line 4456 without setting any of the display enable bypass display or other bits mentioned above Lines 4479 4551 These lines process commands e
79. he entry of keyboard digits begins again e g at time 490 At times 492 494 etc Short pulses of sounder 118 are produced to ac knowledge subsequent digit key operations until the final digit of a valid passcode is entered at time 500 The entry of a valid passcode is acknowledged with a longer pulse of sounder 118 Thereafter sounder 118 is silent until required to indicate some other event or condition Lines 2772 2782 and 2801 2811 These lines test the sounder timer which is preset whenever any key on keyboard 116 is operated Lines 2773 et seq are per formed if the sounder timer is not zero Line 2773 decre ments the sounder timer at predetermined time inter vals Lines 2777 2779 set up data to disable the sounder if the sounder timer register contains less than a prede termined midpoint value The combination of the two preceding functions produces the short sounder pulse to acknowledge operation of each keyboard key If the sounder timer register is decremented to zero lines 2801 2811 are performed and clear the keyboard data stack This is the function illustrated at time 488 in FIG 8 At lines 2809 the hours display enable bit is cleared 4 459 582 44 be connected to cables 1082 1085 For example if two remote sounders are required two COPs of type 9 can be connected to cables 108a 1085 and both of these COPs will operate in tandem Lines 2958 2981 These lines set up data i e a bit which ultimat
80. he four normally open contacts of fourpole relay 96 are respec tively connected between the D S C and G lines of QUADs 108a and 1085 The coil of relay 96 is con nected between the K latch output of each bridge PID and the D line of the associated QUAD Diodes 98a and 98b isolate the D lines of the QUADs from one another while the contacts of relay 96 are open The contacts of relay 96 can therefore be closed by setting the K latch of either PID 11 or 12 When the contacts of relay 96 are thus closed the remote ends of the D S C and G lines of QUAD 108a are connected to the remote ends of the D S C and G lines of QUAD 108b If a break occurs in either QUAD 108a or 108b which prevents local control unit 102 from receiving data from some of the PIDs on that QUAD local control unit 102 sends a command to the bridge PID 11 or 12 associated with the other unbroken QUAD to set the K latch of that bridge PID This energizes relay 96 thereby con necting the remote ends of QUADs 108a and 1085 to gether Local control unit 102 can now communicate normally with PIDs beyond the break in the broken QUAD via the unbroken QUAD and the connection between the QUADs established by the bridge PIDs Use of the ab ve described bridge PIDs to circum vent a fault in either QUAD has several important bene fits First it provides the protection of redundant con nections between local control unit 102 and the PIDs without the need for expensive
81. iber who opened or closed the premises the identity of the service person who is on the premises etc which is selected appropriately elsewhere throughout the program A complete list of the types of information represented by the passcodes is provided by the comments at program listing lines 250 286 The ten bits of data set up by the program lines now being discussed are identified at lines 385 401 Register R3 is used as a temporary storage register for accumulating the appropriate bits Lines 3298 3311 set up the holdup data bit if any holdup PID is in alarm or if the hostage bit is set as a result of entry of the hostage code via keyboard 116 Lines 3315 3321 set up the supervisory alarm bit if there is a supervisory alarm Lines 3327 3334 set up the fire alarm bit if the fire alarm latch is set Lines 3338 3357 set up the fire alarm trouble bit if there is a fire alarm PID trouble or if a fire alarm point has been bypassed and the system is not in the service mode Lines 3361 3377 set up the BA1 and BA2 off bits if the corresponding BA system is off Lines 3381 3422 set up the BA1 and BA2 alarm bits if 1 the corresponding entry time delay equals zero and the corresponding redundant bit equals 1 or 2 there is a corresponding BA fixed alarm Lines 3427 3465 trans fer the data accumulated in temporary register R3 as described above and transfer it to communicator output register STABI for the first communicator module and STAB2
82. idigit number entered by the operator and for allowing the operator to extend the first time interval only if the passcode number and the mnulti digit number entered by the operator are the same 5 The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the fifth means further comprises eleventh means for transmitting an information signal to the central station indicating only the fact that an authorized operator has extended the first time interval without any indication of the amount of the extension 6 The method of operating the control unit in a secu rity alarm system including a central station for receiv ing security alarm signals from at least one remotely located control unit the control unit being associated with a secured facility which has an open relatively unsecured state and a closed relatively secured state and which is attended by at least one authorized opera tor at least while in the open state the method compris ing the steps of presetting a timer associated with the control unit prior to opening of the secured facility by an autho rized operator detecting opening of the secured facility by an autho rized operator and decrementing the timer at regu lar time intervals while the secured facility is open allowing an authorized operator to re preset the timer while the secured facility is open and prior to expi ration of the time remaining in the timer producing an output indication detectable by the operator a prede
83. if the alarm memory was previously empty The system is designed to save and display only the first alarm condition which caused the system to go into alarm Lines 2340 2351 If an alarm was moved into the alarm memory as described immediately above and if the redundant bit is not set these lines set up data to cause transmission of an unverified entry signal to central station 106 Lines 2354 2356 These lines are processed only if BAX is off This line presets the entry time delay regis ter Lines 2358 2363 These lines cause the program to jump back to the start of the entry time delay routine to start a BA2 pass after completing a BA1 pass MAIN PROGRAM OUTPUT ROUTINE The main program output routine chiefly lines 2367 3831 sets up output data for use in controlling the various outputs of the system including LED display 112 seven segment display 114 sounder 118 the com mandable output PIDs the bell PID the BA2 remote keyswitch module and relay and test devices 402 and 404 FIG 4 The output routine also sets up output data for controlling the C line signals and the alarm and other information going to communicator module 104 for transmission to central station 106 Lines 2369 2374 These lines clear two temporary registers which are used during the output routine to control outputs discussed below Lines 2377 2383 These lines decrement the auto test timer register and set up data to energize test device 404 F
84. ines are the so called combo passcode and enabling of the keyboard command keys routine for handling keyboard digit data At lines 35 and for clearing the keyboard data stack 4017 4019 a test is made to insure that no more than 15 Lines 4581 4747 eme are the code compare buttons have been pressed in a predetermined relatively ire ae e Lp ea ied short time interval This is done to reduce the possibility Ines d ith tne e mde T dd data Pm a that someone will chance upon a valid passcode by 40 otal L the E a 9 utin P tfi 90 attempting to rapidly test a large number of digit combi CPO 5 wawa neo uo F die ted ar id wi s S nations If more than 15 buttons have been pressed in equal to Zero Utne 506 090 Coes NOt Mag RE any valid passcode in the group being tested Lines 4643 the specified time interval the program jumps back to a et seq are performed if the stack data does match a the main program input routine without processing the 4 T A Pis valid passcode in the group being tested At lines excess keyboard data At lines 4021 4028 the preceding test is effectively di tinued aft lid de h 45 4644 4650 the code number of the person whose pass fa a i i ey 4 n ike 2 a is 5 8 code has been validated is saved At lines 4653 4655 the Cen enere us i he di fh 8 ena program jumps to line 4741 if the BA1 protection is response to that valid passcode so that any number of already
85. input output expander 390 bits 7250 753 and P60 P62 are selected logical 1 to cause current to flow through the desired ones of LEDs DS1 DS7 A respective one of inverters 421 427 and 4 459 582 14 latch 92 depending on the concurrent contents of counter 74 Steering logic 88 like output gate logic 80 may be a conventional signal steering or switching de vice K latch 90 and P latch 92 may be conventional bistable multivibrator or flip flop devices The output Signals of the P and K latches may be used for any desired purposes such as controlling an indicator light associated with the PID In the particularly preferred embodiment shown in FIG 6 the output signal of P latch 92 is applied to conventional gate 94 to control the flow of power from the D line to the alarm sensor asso ciated with the PID As discussed in detail above this allows local control unit 102 to cut off power to certain alarm sensors when desired such as during a prolonged AC power failure As mentioned above see discussion following Table A bridge PIDs 11 and 12 can be used to selectively connect together the remote ends of QUAD cables 108a and 1085 to form a closed loop This is illustrated in FIG 7 in which PID 11 is connected to the remote end of QUAD 108a and PID 12 is connected to the remote end of QUAD 1085 Each of PIDs 11 and 12 may be similar to the PID shown in FIG 6 Preferably PIDs 11 and 12 are both mounted in a single device T
86. is includes 1 calling the zero con vert subroutine lines 5593 5624 to convert any hexa decimal A in the keyboard data stack to zero because as noted above the combo routine converts any zero to an A and 2 calling the BCD to binary subroutine lines 5629 5675 to perform the actual BCD binary coded decimal to binary conversion Lines 4236 4237 cause the program to jump to line 4262 if the resulting binary number is 0 Lines 4239 4242 invalidate any number of hours greater than 36 At lines 4244 4249 the number of hours entered is multiplied by a scale factor and the result is entered in the late close timer Lines 4251 4252 set up data for subsequently informing central station 106 that the closing time has been changed Lines 4255 4257 set up data for subsequently informing cen tral station 106 who changed the closing time At line 4259 the program jumps to part of the bypass routine to reenable the keyboard to set up data for producing a long sounder 118 beep to acknowledge that the hours request has been honored to clear the keyboard data stack and to return to the main program At lines 4262 4264 if zeros or no data were entered prior to operation of the HOURS button data is set up so that the present contents of the late close timer will be dis played to inform the subscriber of the amount of time remaining in that timer The sounder SONALERT timer is used to time the duration of the hours display Lines 4268 442
87. ive of the time remaining until the third 4 459 582 56 that the alternating current is on and therefore no first output signal is produced 9 The apparatus defined in claim 7 wherein the im provement further comprises fourth means for monitoring the energy level of the battery and for producing a third output signal when the energy level of the battery falls below a predetermined threshold level and fifth means responsive to the third output signal for turning off power to the security alarm sensors when the second ouptput signal occurs in order to conserve remaining battery power for continued operation of the fire alarm sensors k k X 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 45 50 55 60 65 55 producing a second output signal when the first output signal duration exceeds a predetermined time interval and third means responsive to the second output signal for turning off power to the security alarm sensors when the second output signal occurs in order to conserve remaining battery power for continued operation of the fire alarm sensors 8 The apparatus defined in claim 7 wherein the bat tery is recharged while the alternating current is on and wherein the second means includes means for reducing the timed duration of the first output signal by the time
88. larm DS6 Red Security alarm DS7 Red Supervisory alarm 8 Red Point communication trouble DS9 Yellow Point bypass DS10 Green Point relay DS11 Red Point tamper DS12 Red Point trouble 0513 Red Point alarm LED DS1 is illuminated when the BA1 system is on The BA2 system must be on before the BA1 system can be turned on LED DS2 is illuminated when control unit 102 detects any of several problems such as failure of one or both of cables 108a 1085 or a trouble in a fire alarm PID LED 083 is illuminated to indicate that communicator module 104 is having trouble communi cating with central station 106 steady illumination or to indicate that control unit 102 is having trouble com municating with communicator module 104 intermit tent illumination LED DS4 is illuminated to indicate that the alternating current AC power has failed LEDs DS5 DS7 are illuminated to respectively indi cate that a fire security or supervisory alarm has been detected LED 1058 is illuminated to indicate that a particular PID is not responding to control unit 102 The number of the pertinent PID is simultaneously displayed by seven segment display 114 LED DS9 is illuminated to indicate that a particular PID has been bypassed i e temporarily cut out of the system at the request of the subscriber The number of the pertinent PID is simultaneously displayed by seven segment dis play 114 LED DS10 is illuminated to indicate that a particular PID
89. lecommunications failure indicator of LED display 112 if communicator module 104 indicates a problem Lines 1780 1880 These lines process data received from the remote BA2 keyswitch module i e PID 14 and stored in the data RAM to turn on or off the BA2 system as requested by the PID 14 data if the system is in a condition in which the request can be honored and 0 _ 20 to generate the passcode number of the BA2 keyswitch module operator who requested that the BA2 protec tion be turned on or off As mentioned above in the discussion following Table A the BA2 keyswitch mod ule not shown in detail herein because it forms no part of the present invention is a PID type device including a keyboard and microprocessor and which is typically located near the area protected by the BA2 system e g vault or storeroom inside the premises protected by the BA1 system An operator wishing to turn the BA2 protection on or off enters his passcode via the BA2 keyswitch module keyboard The BA2 keyswitch mod ule validates the passcode and sets up the first four bits of the data to be transmitted back to local control unit 102 via the S line to represent first bit the fact that a change of state of the BA2 system has been requested and next three bits a code number for the person who requested the change of state A request from the BA2 keyswitch module is merely a request to change the state of the BA2 sy
90. lied to steering logic 88 Steering logic 88 also receives the output signals of data pulse counter 74 and when enabled by the output signal of comparator 76 as discussed above applies the output signals of C line detector 86 to either K latch 90 or P 4 459 582 16 sive of PIDs 0 15 which are each required to be of a particular type as set forth above Line 7 COMRAM is equated to 16 because commu nicator module 104 is allowed 16 bytes of data random access memory RAM in microprocessor 350 Line 8 MAXRAM is equated to 255 because the RAM required as part of microcomputer 350 has 256 bytes A byte is eight bits and is the basic word length in microcomputer 350 Line 11 PIDO is equated to 80 hexadecimal H because the status byte for PID 0 is stored in data RAM location 80H A status byte for each PID is stored in succeeding data RAM locations Line 13 EXMAP is equated to 0COH because an existence map for the PIDs i e a 1 or 0 to indicate the presence or absence of each of 64 possible PIDs is stored in successive RAM memory locations beginning with location 060 Lines 20 25 The symbols specified here are respec tively equated to registers R 4 7 This means for example that wherever the symbol SYSTM1 appears that symbol should be interpreted as register 4 Lines 26 27 The symbol for the word at means indirect Thus the comment for line 26 should be read as INDIRECT ADDRESS OF SYSTEM 1 REG
91. m AC power in order to test the auxiliary battery If the bat tery is inadequate low battery detector 376 will apply a low battery signal to microcomputer 350 Sounder 118 FIG 5 is energized when input output expander 400 bit P43 is selected logical 1 This logical 1 signal is inverted by inverter 408 so that current flows through sounder 118 from the positive voltage source The construction of a typical PID is shown within the broken line in FIG 6 Although the PID shown in FIG 6 is assumed to be one of alarm PIDs 16 63 the other possible types of PIDs include similar elements The PID is connected to the C S G and D lines of QUAD 1082 or 1085 as shown The D line provides a source of A volts for powering the PID and when P latch 92 is set the alarm sensor not shown connected to the PID The G line provides a source of ground potential for the PID The S line signal is applied to S line detector 70 which may be a conventional threshold detector circuit for detecting information pulses on the 40 45 50 55 60 65 11 Lead P16 is connected to cold water ground detector 374 which may be a conventional circuit for detecting that the connection to cold water ground has been dis turbed Lead P17 is connected to low battery detector 376 which may be a conventional circuit for detecting that the auxiliary battery power supply is low e g after an extended AC power failure Pin 39 is the toggle 1 or T1 pin which is
92. mmands entered via the HOURS button on keyboard 116 The function of the HOURS button is to allow the subscriber to extend his normal closing time After a valid passcode has been entered the subscriber presses the digit button or buttons on keyboard 116 represent ing the number of hours from the present to the new anticipated closing time Then the subscriber presses the HOURS button If the request is valid it establishes a new anticipated closing time At lines 4217 4218 a check is made to make sure that keyboard 116 is en 10 5 20 45 55 60 65 29 that a passcode has been validated Lines 4744 4747 reset communicator module 104 Lines 4141 4209 These lines respond to operation of the ON button on keyboard 116 Lines 4144 4145 cause the program to return from the key in subroutine with the keyboard data stack cleared if the ON button is operated while keyboard 116 is not enabled i e prior to entry of a valid passcode Lines 4147 4150 clear a test mode latch which is discussed below in connection with the TEST key Lines 4153 4162 allow the BA protection to be turned on in response to operation of the ON button only if no PIDs are bypassed By means of an option stored in PROM 380 the program may allow the BA system to be turned on if there is one point bypassed but this is only permitted if the display is enabled so that the subscriber will be alerted to the fact that a point is bypassed Lines 4164 4
93. n tered with the RESET button on keyboard 116 In general these lines perform the following tasks 1 Clear the alarm memories 2 Clear test latch TMLMSK set in TEST button routine above 3 Clear the bypass display and display enable bits 4 Preset a reset timer 5 Set a communication reset bit used to alert com municator module 104 to the fact that the RESET button was operated 6 Set the silence bit 7 Cause the program to jump to a portion of the BYPASS button routine discussed above There are three reset functions called by the following keyboard button sequences TABLEK Keyboard Button Sequence Reset Function RESET Performs the seven tasks listed immediately above 00 RESET Disables keyboard 116 by clearing the key board enable timer 9 9 RESET Causes the service person off premises code to be trans mitted to central station 106 to signal that the person who has been servicing the system has left the premises Lines 4485 4510 ascertain that the keyboard data stack contains 99 and if the system is in the service mode these lines clear the service bit and set up data to send the service person off premises code to central station 106 The program then jumps to lines 4525 4527 which disables the keyboard and by jumping to a portion of the BYPASS button routine discussed above sets up data to cause sounder 118 to produce a long beep and clears the keyboard data stack
94. n is used principally to turn the BA1 protection on The HOURS button is used in combination with the digit buttons to enter the number of hours by which the normal closing time is to be extended before the BA1 protection will be turned on The BYPASS button is principally used in combination with the digit buttons to enter the number of a PID to be bypassed i e temporarily cut out of the system so that the BA protection can be turned on even though the bypassed PID may be erroneously signalling an alarm The TEST button is used in combination with the digit buttons to request any of several test modes The RESET button is used principally to reset control unit 102 e g to clear the alarm memories in the control unit The SILENCE button is used to shut off sounder 118 and any bells or similar audible devices in the sys tem Sounder 118 is an audio tone generator for generating an audio tone used to alert the subscriber to a variety of conditions e g that the entry time delay interval is running that a valid subscriber passcode has been en tered via keyboard 116 etc f Considering now the manner in which control unit 102 communicates with the PIDs each cable 108 comprises four wires known respectively as the S C D and G lines see FIG 2 Because these lines each have four wires they are sometimes referred to as QUADs In general the S line is used to select desired PIDs and to receive data from the selected P
95. n the BA fixed routine to account for redun dant points At lines 5173 5183 the movable status bit is set and if the exit time delay is zero part of the BA fixed routine lines 5108 5144 etc is used to process the alarm like a fixed protection point If the alarm is not validated at line 5176 5180 the program jumps to line 5408 and continues as discussed above in connection with the BA fixed protection points Lines 5191 5229 These lines process the PID data for BA movable delayed alarm protection points As mentioned above these are protection points typically associated with doors which are used for entry in order to turn the BA protection off or for exit after the BA protection has been turned on Thus alarm indications from these PIDs are not recognized as alarms until after expiration of entry or exit time delays Lines 5193 5214 are logically similar to lines 5152 5174 of the BA mov able instant routine above At lines 5216 5229 the pro cessing is similar to the BA fixed alarm processing if the exit time delay is not zero meaning that the PID has detected an open door either while the BA protection is off or before expiration of the exit time delay If the exit time delay is zero however further processing contin ues in the alarm memory subroutine lines 5502 5565 discussed below After the alarm memory subroutine has been called parts of the BA fixed routine discussed above are used for further processing of the BA mov
96. nd gives him a predetermined time to enter his passcode via keyboard 116 BA1 or linked BA1 and BA2 or remote BA2 keyswitch module non linked BA2 to turn off the associated BA protection Lines 2202 2213 These lines determine whether BAX is on If BAX is off the program jumps to line 2356 Lines 2216 2228 If BAX is on and a BA fixed protec tion pont is in alarm as indicated by the BA fixed status bit these lines cause the program to jump to line 2320 which ultimately results in the transmission of an alarm signal Lines 2231 2243 If BAX is on and there is no BA fixed alarm these lines cause the program to jump to line 2320 if there is a movable instant alarm and the exit time delay has expired This ultimately results in trans mission of an alarm Lines 2245 2254 If there is a movable instant alarm and the exit time delay has not expired these lines set the night set wrong bit which causes the system to tell central station 106 that the subscriber turned on the BA system and then left the premises via a BA movable instant protection point instead of a BA movable de layed protection point See the discussion of lines 2028 2040 above Lines 2257 2288 These lines preset the entry time delay register unless the movable delayed latch indi cates that there has been a BA movable delayed alarm If such an alarm has occurred these lines cause the entry time delay register to be decremented each time a predetermined time interval
97. ne discussed below to preset sounder 118 for a long beep to acknowledge that the BA system has been turned on to clear the keyboard data stack and to conclude processing of the key in subroutine Lines 4202 4209 are performed if any point is in an off normal condition including bypass These lines set the display enable bit to force display of the off normal condition These lines also dishonor the request to turn on the BA system Lines 4751 4845 These lines are the BAXON sub routine mentioned in the preceding paragraph The BAXON subroutine checks for all types of fault or off normal conditions which should prevent either 1 or BA2 from turning on These conditions are as fol lows TABLE H Fault or Off Normal Condition Tested at Lines 1 Communication line trouble 4760 4763 or fault FALT 1 This means that communicator module 104 is signalling some communication trouble with central station 106 2 Low battery one contribu 4760 4763 4 459 582 32 4334 4345 the number in the keyboard stack is con verted to binary and tested to validate it as the number of a PID which can be bypassed Lines 4347 4352 fetch the PID identification from PROM 380 ie the infor mation which identifies the type of PID and lines 4354 4355 make certain that the PID exists If the PID exists lines 4357 4359 determine whether or not it is a BA1 PID and if so the program jumps to line 4381 where data is set up to cause the PID to be
98. nt applied to microcomputer pins 1 and 39 FIG 3 shows the circuit for controlling the C line voltage in response to C line V1 enable and C line V2 enable control signals appearing on pins 30 and 29 respectively of microcomputer 350 The circuit of FIG 3 is substantially identical to the portion of the 4 459 582 12 resistors 431 437 are connected in series between each LED DS1 DS7 cathode and bits P50 P53 P60 P62 After P70 has been selected for a short time it is unselected thereby turning off LEDs DS1 DS7 and P71 is selected logical 0 instead Selection of P71 turns on transistor 440 in conjunction with resistors 442 and 444 thereby applying power to the anodes of LEDs DS8 DS13 While P71 is thus selected the appropriate ones of P50 P53 P60 and P61 are selected to illuminate the desired ones of LEDs DS8 DS13 in a manner anal ogous to the illumination of LEDs DS1 DS7 P71 is unselected after a short time thereby turning off LEDs DS8 DS13 and P72 is selected This turns on transistor 450 in conjunction with resistors 452 and 454 and thereby applies power to the anode of seven segment display device 1145 While P72 is thus selected the appropriate ones of P50 P53 and P60 P62 are se lected to illuminate the desired segments of display 1145 to cause a desired decimal digit to appear After display 1146 is energized for a short time as discussed above display 114a is similarly energized by selection of P73 and appropriate
99. ogram to the timer interrupt routine when the main program is interrupted The main program uses register bank 0 defined at lines 20 27 while the timer interrupt routine uses register bank 1 defined at lines 600 614 Accordingly line 680 selects register bank 1 for use in the subsequent timer interrupt routine steps Line 681 saves the contents of the accumulator for later restoration to the accumulator when control returns to the main program Lines 685 686 These lines preset the timer interrupt register T which is incremented periodically as long as the microprocessor is operating and which causes pro gram control to jump to the start of the timer interrupt routine whenever register T overflows Accordingly these lines establish the frequency at which the timer interrupt routine is called Lines 690 693 These lines store the program status word of the main program and restore the program status word of the timer interrupt routine Lines 695 697 These lines temporarily save a map pointer used in the timer interrupt routine so that lines 711 to 843 can be processed Lines 703 708 These lines set up data to skip lines 711 752 every other time the timer interrupt routine is called Lines 711 752 These lines set several clock bits when 49 communicator module which is a six bit passcode num ber bits 2 7 together with the system trouble bit bit 0 and the tamper alarm bit bit 1 The passcode num ber is derived
100. ol the S and C line signal levels to communicate with the PIDs and to store the resulting PID data in registers in the format indicated by lines 526 535 The subsequent processing of the data in these registers is fully disclosed in the program listing found in the mi crofiche appendix and discussed in detail above Thus the omitted portion of the program is a discrete portion of the logic which can be readily implemented in any of a large number of ways MISCELLANEOUS SUBROUTINES A small number of subroutines called by the main program and or the timer interrupt routine remain to be discussed in detail Lines 3848 3908 These lines are the PROM data subroutine which reads data from PROM 380 Lines 3857 3863 save register R1 and port 2 of microcom puter 350 Lines 3865 3866 select input output expan der 400 which is the device used to address PROM 380 Lines 3868 3869 energize PROM 380 by turning on transistor 386 in FIG 4 Lines 3871 3874 transfer the desired PROM address to ports 5 and 6 of input output expander 400 Lines 3876 3879 input the data four bits from the selected PROM address and store that data in register 2 Lines 3881 3885 increment the PROM ad dress and transfer that address to ports 5 and 6 of input output expander 400 Lines 3887 3890 input the data four bits from the selected address and combine that dats with the other entry already stored in register 2 Lines 3892 3893 de energize PROM 380 Lines 20 25
101. pa bility is provided that once activated the silencing mechanism will be inadvertently left activated too long and prevent audible indications of a new security or fire alarm indication It is therefore yet another object of this invention to provide a local control unit which automatically over rides the silence mechanism when any new alarm condi tion is detected and which automatically deactivates the silence mechanism entirely when all alarm conditions have been corrected Alarm systems having a plurality of distributed alarm monitoring devices typically include two or more com munication circuits extending from the control cir cuitry The alarm monitoring devices are distributed along these communication circuits If a break occurs in a communication circuit it becomes impossible to re ceive alarms from the alarm monitoring devices beyond the break It is therefore still another object of this invention to provide a distributed alarm system in which an alternate circuit can be established when needed for communica tion with alarm monitoring devices beyond a break in a communication circuit SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION These and other objects of the invention are accom plished in accordance with the invention by providing a local control unit associated with the protected prem ises the local control unit comprising first means for detecting opening of the protected premises by an au thorized operator second means
102. portion of the BYPASS button routine to perform the functions indi cated by the comments at lines 4575 4578 MAIN PROGRAM PROCESS ROUTINE The process routine portion of the main program includes the following parts 1 Exit timer routine lines 1928 2119 2 Late close timer routine lines 2123 2145 3 Key pressed counter preset routine lines 2149 2160 4 Latch set routine lines 2164 2171 5 Clear latches routine lines 2175 2194 6 Entry time delay routine lines 2198 2363 These routines are discussed in the following sections of this specification MAIN PROGRAM EXIT TIMER ROUTINE The exit timer routine lines 1928 2119 takes care of turning on the BA protection when requested by the subscriber Typically the BA protection is turned on and then the subscriber must leave the premises via a BA movable delayed exit within a predetermined exit time This routine makes certain that this happens and if it does not this routine deals with the various types of failures that can occur The program makes two passes through this routine once for the 7 1 system and once for the BA2 system In the following discussion BAX is used as a generic term for the BA system being pro cessed in a particular pass through this routine Line 1930 This line clears flag 0 F0 to indicate that the first pass through this routine is made for the BA1 system Lines 1932 1942 These lines cause the pro
103. r bit is set confused with an empty storage location ines If no match is found among any of the Line 3963 This line stores the KEYBUF information passcode groups lines 4114 4115 set up data to subse in a temporary register 20 quently cause sounder 118 to produce a short beep to Lines 3964 3992 These lines cause the program to acknowledge that the digit key data has been accepted jump to one of seven routines for handling specific and the program jumps back to the main program If a types of keyboard data as follows match is found among any of the passcode groups lines TABLE F 4119 4137 are performed to test for the presence in the 25 keyboard data stack of an additional digit entered with Keyboard Data Routine a passcode to enable the subscriber to signal that he is Digits 0 9 Combo routine lines 40144137 being held hostage If hostage data is found a hostage 0 eect ae en status bit is set In either case at line 4135 the program utton routine lines gt 4 BYPASS BYPASS button routine lines 4268 4420 jumps to logic discussed below for presetting the key TEST TEST button routine lines 4424 4473 30 gi iis the d like a RESET RESET button routine lines 4479 4551 etc can be operated for a predetermine SILENCE SILENCE button routine lines 4557 4578 limited time interval for setting up data to produce a long sounder 118 beep to acknowledge entry of a valid Lines 4014 4137 These l
104. ring auto test i e whenever the BA system is turned off or during 1 TEST which as discussed above is one of the test functions called by operating the TEST button on keyboard 116 Lines 3182 3184 cause the program to jump the fire alarm warning bell logic if the system has been silenced using the SILENCE key on keyboard 116 as discussed above or if it is in the service mode as a result of entry of a service passcode via keyboard 116 as also discussed above Lines 3186 3193 set up data which ultimatley energizes the P latch of PID 15 if there is a fire alarm Lines 3195 3200 logically combine the P and K latch data for PID 15 so that if there is a fire alarm the P latch data overrides any K latch data Lines 3206 3253 These lines set up data for control ling the P and K latches of the BA2 keyswitch module PID 14 The BA2 keyswitch module not shown in detail has a green LED a red LED and a sounder similar to sounder 118 in local control unit 102 The BA2 keyswitch module logically combines the states of its P and K latches in accordance with the following table TABLE M BA2 Keyswitch Condition P Latch K Latch Outputs Indicated 0 0 None None 0 1 Green LED The BA2 protection is on 1 0 Red LED A BA2 protection point is open and the BA2 protection cannot be turned on until the open point is closed 1 1 Green LED The BA2 system is on Red LED and a BA2 movable Sounder delayed protection point is open sounder wa
105. rns subscriber to turn the BA2 protec tion off Lines 3206 3253 set up data for controlling the P and K latches of PID 14 so that those latches represent the conditions described above Lines 3257 3282 These lines set up data for control ling relay device 402 in FIG 4 As mentioned above relay device 402 is used to send alarms directly to a police department facility These lines cause relay de vice 402 to be de energized if there is a BA1 or BA2 4 459 582 48 Lines 3630 3633 If the communicator module is present these lines set a bit to indicate that this is the case Lines 3634 3643 These lines select the communica tion trouble passcode if the communicator status word includes the bit which signals communication trouble Lines 3645 3657 These lines check the communica tor status word for the ring back request bit and if that bit is set these lines set up data for ultimately causing sounder 118 to emit a short beep The ring back sounds each time central station 106 acknowledges receipt of a closing signal from communicator module 104 so that the subscriber knows that information has been re ceived by central station 106 Lines 3658 3662 In addition to a status register com municator module 104 includes an output buffer register which contains data to be transmitted to local control unit 102 These lines test the output buffer register full bit of the communicator status register and if that bit is set there is
106. rocessing routines At lines 5349 5351 the program jumps to part of the supervisory alarm routine discussed above if the PID is indicating an off normal condition other than an alarm If the PID is indicating an alarm lines 5354 5360 set the fire alarm status bit and prepare to call the alarm memory subrou tine Lines 5362 5376 provide a re sounding feature When a fire alarm is first received a fire alarm bell be gins to ring This alarm can be acknowledged and the bell silenced by operating the SILENCE key on key board 116 The alarm remains stored in the fire alarm memory register FAMR for later investigation If another fire alarm indication comes in from a different PID while the bell is silenced the fire alarm bell will ring again and the new PID number will be stored in FAMR in place of the old number At line 5379 the program jumps to call the alarm memory subroutine discussed above Lines 5386 5404 These lines process PID data from holdup alarm points Lines 5389 5390 perform the usual bypass test Lines 5392 5393 and 5398 5404 resporid to a holdup alarm in a manner similar to the response for other alarms At line 5396 the program jumps to part of the fixed alarm routine discussed above if the PID data indicates an off normal condition other than an alarm MAIN PROGRAM KEY IN SUBROUTINE As mentioned above the key in subroutine lines 3949 4578 responds to data from keyboard 116 on local control unit 102 Th
107. routine chiefly lines 669 672 1271 1362 1543 1556 This routine is used only when the program is run for the first time or whenever reset button 356 FIG 4 is operated 2 Input routine chiefly lines 1560 1924 This r rou tine sets up input data for processing by the process routine below This routine accepts data from tamper detector 370 AC power detector 372 cold water ground detector 374 and low battery detector 376 This routine also sets up input data based on PID and key board data stored in the RAM 3 Process routine chiefly lines 1928 2363 This routine processes the information read in by the input routine and formulates appropriate responses to that information For example the process routine monitors expiration of the entry and exit time delays it sets and resets data latches which indicate the occurrence of alarm conditions and it controls and monitors the late close timer 4 Output routine chiefly lines 2367 3831 This rou tine sets up output data for use in controlling the various outputs of the system including LED display 112 seven segment display 114 sounder 118 the commandable output PIDs the bell PID the BA2 remote keyswitch module relay device 402 FIG 4 and test device 404 FIG 4 The output routine also sets up output data for controlling the C line signals transmitted to the PIDs and the alarm and other information going to communi cator module 104 for transmis
108. se timer register using the HOURS button on keyboard 116 or if he does not wish to extend his closing time he should turn the protection on Note that in general the program tests for the foregoing conditions in the order mentioned above and only per forms the program steps for the first condition having a true state In this way sounder 118 is only being used for one function at any given time and the subscriber is not subjected to overlapping and therefore confusing sounder signals An illustrative sequence of energization of sounder 118 is shown in FIG 8 At the start of this sequence the BA protection is assumed to be on Prior to point 480 sounder 118 is not energized As soon as someone enters the premises via a movable delayed protection point at time 480 the sounder is continuously energized until a short time after the first digit key is operated on key board 116 at time 482 Sounder 118 is then quiet until at time 484 the second digit key is operated on keyboard 116 Thereafter sounder 118 is energized briefly to acknowledge the second digit key operation At time 486 sounder 118 is again energized briefly to acknowl edge the third digit key operation If the fourth or any other digit key is not operated within a predetermined maximum time from the preceding digit key operation e g at time 488 in FIG 8 the data entered thus far is cleared from the keyboard data stack and sounder 118 is continuously energized until t
109. sion to central station 106 5 Miscellaneous lines 1497 1539 These lines are merely a programming convenience to facilitate jumps between the two memory banks in the particular mi crocomputer 350 employed in the embodiment shown and described herein No further detailed reference will be made to these lines The main program is interrupted at regular time inter vals typically every X milliseconds where X is an arbitrary small number to perform portions of the timer interrupt routine The timer interrupt routine includes the following principal parts l Initial portion of timer interrupt routine lines 675 881 This portion of the timer interrupt routine controls clock data which in turn controls various timed functions throughout the program This routine also reads keyboard data from input output expander 390 4 459 582 20 Lines 1702 1729 These lines input and debounce the output signal of cold water ground detector 374 con nected to bit 6 B6 of port 1 P1 of microcom puter 350 Lines 1733 1745 These lines make certain that a PROM 380 is plugged into the circuitry of local control unit 102 Lines 1750 1762 These lines test the status of the bridge PIDs to determine whether they are connected to one another due to a break or fault in either QUAD 108a or 1085 Lines 1767 1775 These lines check the proper func tioning of communicator module 104 in order to set up data to illuminate LED 1053 the te
110. sscodes for identi 65 8 TABLE B continued PROM Data Alarm PID Type F No PID A BA or BA2 fixed PID is a PID connected to a sensor which monitors a protection point which is nor mally never opened e g a window foil a glass break age sensor a wire screen etc A fixed PID is active at all times While the associated BA protection is on an alarm from a fixed PID is recognized as an alarm But while the associated BA protection is off an alarm from a fixed PID is recognized only as a day trouble A BA1 or BA2 movable instant PID is a PID con nected to a sensor which monitors a protection point which may be opened e g a door While the associ ated BA protection is on opening of the protection point causes an instantaneous alarm While the associ ated BA protection is off the protection point can be opened without causing any alarm BA movable instant protection points are monitored at all times for trouble tamper and point communications failure A BA1 or BA2 movable delayed PID is a PID con nected to a sensor which monitors a protection point similar to a movable instant protection point e g a door but which when the associated BA protection is on allows a so called entry time delay before opening of the protection point is recognized as an alarm A BA movable delayed protection point is normally associ ated with a door to the protected premises which is physically near control unit 102 so
111. stem from whatever its present con dition to the other condition Local control unit 102 honors the BA2 keyswitch request and changes the state of the BA2 system only if the condition of the system as monitored by local control unit 102 permits the BA2 system to change state At lines 1782 1789 the data received from PID 14 is read from the data RAM and tested to determine whether a request for a change of state has been made At line 1811 the program deter imines whether the BA2 system is now on or off Lines 1815 1822 are performed if the BA2 system is now off 25 30 40 45 and the BA2 keyswitch request is therefore to be inter preted as a request to turn on the BA2 system The BAXON subroutine at lines 4760 4845 determines whether the system is in condition to have the BA2 system turned on and if so turns on that system by turning on the BA2 ON bit in system status word SYSTM2 Lines 1827 1877 are performed if the BA2 system is now on and the BA2 keyswitch request is therefore to be interpreted as a request to turn off the BA2 system The reference to nested in the com ments associated with these lines is explained below in the discussion of lines 4144 4209 At lines 1835 1837 the BA2 system is turned off by turning off the BA2 ON bit in system status word SYSTM2 At lines 1839 1843 the BA2 late close timer is preset At lines 1845 1866 any BA2 PIDs which have been bypassed i e effec tively removed from th
112. sumption of main program processing where that processing was inter rupted when the timer interrupt routine was last called The remainder of the timer interrupt routine i e lines 897 1269 and 1387 1495 is not included in the microfiche appendix This portion of the program con trols the actual physical communication with the PIDs i e the S and C line signals It also checks the validity of data received from PIDs 16 63 and stores that data in registers one register per PID The data stored in these registers is indicated by the comments at lines 526 535 This portion of the program is not included in the mi crofiche appendix because 1 it forms no part of the present invention 2 there are many ways that this signal processing can be carried out 3 the particular manner in which this signal processing is carried out in the illustrative embodiment cannot be revealed without making it possible for unauthorized individuals to com promise or defeat security systems to be installed by the assignee of this invention and 4 the omitted portion of the program is relatively small only 480 lines many of which are non operational ie blank lines or com ments as is true throughout the remainder of the pro gram and well within the ability of those of ordinary skill in the art to supply without undue effort or experi mentation It will be readily aparent to those of ordinary skill in the art how to program microcomputer 350 to contr
113. t a SILENCE button request is automatically nullified if there is nothing to silence Lines 2873 2888 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output if there is a BA fixed alarm and the system is not silenced for BA alarms Lines 2892 2895 These lines are performed if there are no B fixed alarms These lines clear the BA fixed alarm silence bit so that a SILENCE button request is automatically nullified if there is nothing to silence Lines 2897 2901 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output if there is a BA1 mov able delayed alarm Lines 2904 2907 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output if the BA1 entry time delay register has expired i e is equal to zero Lines 2909 2920 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output while the BA1 bell is ringing i e while the BA1 bell timer is not equal to zero Lines 2923 2932 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output when the exit time delay register indicates that only a relatively short time remains before expiration of the exit time delay so the subscriber will have time to turn off the BA protection and restart his closing procedure before an alarm is produced Lines 2934 2941 These lines set up data for causing a continuous sounder output a short time prior to expiration of the late close timer so that the sub scriber is reminded to either close the premises or enter addition
114. t a redundant bit if the point is a point requiring alarm confirmation from another point At lines 5078 5084 some tests are per formed to validate an alarm indication At lines 5086 5089 a fixed status bit is set to indicate that a fixed BA protection point has signalled an alarm The appro priate status bit is actually set by calling the STASET subroutine at lines 5584 5588 At lines 5094 5097 vari ous program branches are taken depending on whether the BA protection is on or off and depending on whether the protection point is part of the BA1 or BA2 system If the BA protection is off lines 5099 5105 are performed to place the PID or zone number in a fixed alarm memory which is used later to control display of alarm or trouble conditions The program then jumps to lines 5408 5447 where a check is made to determine whether the PID is one of six special PIDs for which specific identifying codes are transmitted to central station 106 If the PID is one of the six special PIDs the appropriate passcode is set up In any event a relay bit is set for later use in transmitting a relay signal to the K latch of the PID via the C line to turn on a light at the PID to facilitate identification of that PID as one which has detected an alarm Then the program jumps to lines 5485 5494 to repeat the point in subroutine loop for the next PID If at line 5097 discussed above the BA pro tection was found to be on the program jumps to lines 5108 5144 where
115. t for BA fixed redundant points discussed above Lines 5258 5329 These lines process the PID data for supervisory alarm PIDs At lines 5260 5268 if the reset timer controlled by the RESET button on key board 116 is not zero or if the point is bypassed the processing of the PID data is terminated and the pro gram jumps to steps which have already been discussed At line 5271 the program jumps to line 5315 ifa supervi sory alarm has been indicated At lines 5274 5285 tests are made to determine whether communications failure is indicated and if not whether the PID is PID 14 i e the BA2 keyswitch module This is done because the alarm trouble and tamper bits for the BA2 keyswitch module are used to encode a person number code and therefore must not be interpreted here as indicating an alarm trouble or tamper If the PID is not PID 14 and the off normal condition indicated is tamper only lines 5287 5290 cause the program to jump to a portion of the BA fixed routine discussed above At lines 5292 5301 the trouble status bit is set if there is an alarm trouble or communications failure and the PID number is stored in the trouble memory TBLMR see the discussion of the alarm memory subroutine above At lines 5303 5304 and 5310 5311 the program jumps to a portion of the BA fixed routine discussed above if there is also a tamper indication If there is no tamper indica tion the program jumps at line 5308 to line 5408 etc
116. ted after the BAX system is turned on as would be the case for example if the BA2 system were associated with a safe Assuming the exterior option is not selected tested at lines 2000 2001 exit fail data is set up for transmission to central station 106 if the exit bit is not set and no points are bypassed The exit bit is set in a subsequent portion of the exit time delay routine discussed below Lines 2028 2040 These lines set up data for transmit ting a night set wrong code to central station 106 when the wrong door is used for exit after the BA pro tection is turned on The night set wrong bits tested here are set during the entry time delay routine dis cussed below Lines 2042 2046 These lines set up the data for send ing a normal closing code to central station 106 Lines 2050 2101 These lines control setting the exit bit which is used earlier in the exit timer routine to check for an exit fail condition An option stored in PROM 380 allows the system to be set up for either single or multiple exits If the single exit option is se lected the exit timer is set to zero at lines 2098 2101 as soon as a door has been opened and then closed If the multiple exit option is selected the exit time delay is allowed to expire normally If the exit bit is already set line 2061 causes the program to jump to 2083 Other wise lines 2063 2069 determine whether any movable 4 459 582 38 the entry time delay to the alarm memory
117. tely located control unit the control unit being associated with a secured facility which has an open relatively unsecured state and a closed relatively secured state and which is attended by at least one au thorized operator at least while in the open state the control unit comprising first means for detecting opening of the secured facil ity by an authorized operator second means for detecting closing of the secured facility by an authorized operator third means responsive to the first and second means for transmitting an alarm signal to the central sta tion if the second means does not detect closing of the secured facility within a first predetermined time interval after the first means detects opening of the secured facility fourth means responsive to the second and third means for producing a first output indication de tectable by the operator a second predetermined time interval before the end of the first time inter valif the second means has not yet detected closing of the secured facility and fifth means responsive to the third means for allowing the authorized operator to optionally extend the first time interval prior to transmission of the alarm signal by the third means 2 The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the third means comprises first timer means which is in a preset state when the first means detects opening of the secured facility and which thereafter produces an output signal representat
118. tem This summary data is later processed in the main program process routine Lines 4853 4855 These lines cause the program to skip the remainder of the point in subroutine until the start timer has timed out see the discussion of the main program start routine above The start timer allows the system to settle down after it is first turned on or after reset switch 356 is operated Lines 4857 4864 These lines check the status of the reset timer which is preset whenever the RESET but ton on keyboard 116 is validly operated Lines 4867 4874 These lines are performed only when the reset timer just becomes equal to zero The fire alarm latch and the status bits STAT1 are cleared Lines 495 502 explain the significance of the STATI bits For example the least significant bit of STAT indicates that an alarm condition has been de tected by a BA1 fixed PID Lines 4877 4885 These lines are performed only when the reset timer has not yet timed out These lines clear all of the alarm memories which are used else where in the program for such purposes as controlling the local control unit displays Lines 4887 4895 These lines clear or do not clear status bits STAT1 and STAT2 as is appropriate de pending on the preceding program steps Lines 4897 4899 These lines clear all bypass flags i e the flags which indicate whether any PID in each 4 459 582 24 tions failure At lines 5166 5170 some bookkeeping is done as i
119. termined time interval before the time remaining in the timer is about to expire and transmitting an alarm signal to the central station if the secured facility has not been closed when the time remaining in the timer expires 7 In a combined security and fire alarm system hav ing a local control unit and having a plurality of security alarm sensors connected to the local control unit and a plurality of fire alarm sensors also connected to the local control unit the system being powered by com mercially available alternating current electrical power and having an electrical battery for supplying electrical power to the system in the event of failure of the alter nating current power supply the improvement com prising first means for monitoring the alternating current power supply and for producing a first output sig nal during failure of the alternating current power supply second means responsive to the first output signal for timing the duration of the first output signal and for 5 10 15 25 45 50 55 60 65 53 3895 3898 restore microcomputer 350 port 2 Lines 3900 3901 restore register 1 Lines 3903 3905 reverse the order of the two groups of four bits of data in the accumulator and mask the left hand group Thus at the end of the PROM data subroutine the four less signifi cant bits of the accumulator contain the data from the PROM address specified by the contents of register 1 and register 2 cont
120. that the subscriber can enter the premises and turn off the BA protection during the entry time delay interval without causing an alarm Similarly the subscriber can turn on the BA protection and leave the protected premises through the movable delayed protection point during an exit time delay interval without causing an alarm In other re spects movable delayed protection points are identical to movable instant protection points BA1 and BA2 fixed redundant movable instant re dundant and movable delayed redundant PIDs are similar to the corresponding non redundant PIDs dis cussed above except that an alarm from one of these devices is not by itself recognized as an alarm by the system Thus an alarm from one of these so called re dundant PIDs requires a confirming alarm from another PID Redundant PIDs are therefore typically associ ated with sensors which are characterized by a rela tively high false alarm rate e g ultrasonic motion de tectors or window foil A holdup PID is a PID associated with a holdup alarm sensor A supervisory PID is a PID associated with a supervisory sensor i e almost any type of non burglary non holdup and non fire sensor such as a sensor for monitoring temperature or pressure in a pro cess A fire PID is a PID connected to a fire alarm sensor No PID means that there is no PID in the system corresponding to a particular address Local control unit 102 includes light emitting diode
121. tial portion of that routine is performed and then processing continues with the instruction following the instruction which last initiated return from the timer interrupt rou tine In this way the initial portion of the timer interrupt routine is performed every time that routine is called and the remainder of that routine is gradually per formed during successive calls of the timer interrupt routine Lines 848 881 These lines are performed when oper ation of a keyboard key is detected as discussed above Line 849 sets flag F1 to indicate that operation of a key has been detected Lines 851 856 store the contents of counter register KEYLOC in temporary register KBTR to save the number of the key detected as having been operated Lines 858 870 validate the operation of 4 459 582 54 means will transmit an alarm signal to the central station 3 The apparatus defined in claim 2 wherein the fifth means comprises sixth means for allowing an authorized operator to optionally enter signal information representative of a third time interval and seventh means responsive to the sixth means for pre setting the first timer means to the third time inter val 4 The apparatus defined in claim 1 wherein the fifth means comprises eighth means for storing at least one multidigit pass code number ninth means for allowing the operator to enter a mul tidigit number and tenth means for comparing the passcode number and the mult
122. to conserve auxil iary battery power during a prolonged AC power fail ure Further details of the particular S and C line signal ling protocol employed are not disclosed here for the following reasons 1 the particular protocol chosen 4 459 582 10 FIG 2 circuit which controls S line voltage Thus if 100 is subtracted from the reference number for any element in FIG 3 the resulting number is the reference number of the corresponding element in FIG 2 For example inverting buffer 290 in FIG 3 corresponds to inverting buffer 190 in FIG 2 FIG 4 shows the data processing portion of control unit 102 The principal element of this apparatus is mi crocomputer 350 Although any suitably programmed microcomputer may be used in the particular embodi ment described in detail herein microcomputer 350 is a model 8050 microcomputer commercially available from National Semiconductor Corporation of Santa Clara Calif An illustrative program for microcomputer 350 is set forth in the microfiche appendix to this specifi cation and is discussed in detail below Considering first the organization of microcomputer 350 there are 40 input and or output pins numbered 1 40 Pin 1 is the toggle zero or TO pin which is con nected to the output of comparator 260 in FIG 2 Pins 0 15 20 2 and 3 are frequency control pins between which frequency control crystal 352 is connected Crystal 352 establishes the basi
123. to decrement that register at pre determined time intervals while AC power is off ACLTR therefore provides a measure of how long the AC power has been off and consequently how much power remains in the backup battery ACLTR is used elsewhere in the program to turn off power to the alarm sensors or other devices associated with certain PIDs e g burglar alarm sensors after a prolonged AC power failure in order to conserve remaining battery power for continued operation of other more important devices e g fire alarm sensors This is done by turning off the P latch in the PIDs associated with the sensors to be turned off see discussion of the P and K latches mentioned above in relation to the C line signals 4 459 582 22 of the BAI BAZ fire alarm FA or supervisory SUP groups is bypassed Lines 4901 4919 These lines set up two summary type bits which respectively indicate whether or not any BA1 or BA2 points are bypassed Line 4921 This line presets a pointer register R0 to the data RAM address of the first PID which can transmit data to local control unit 102 i e PID 11 PIDs 0 10 are commandable output PIDs which can only receive data from the local control unit see Table A above Line 4923 This is the start of a loop which ends at line 5494 which is used to input and process the data RAM information for each PID in turn Lines 528 535 indicate the significance of each bit in the data RAM
124. to input data from keyboard 116 and to drive displays 112 and 114 and 3 to control the S and C line signals which are used for communication with the PIDs As will be described in detail below the initial por tion of the timer interrupt routine i e lines 675 881 is performed every time the main program is interrupted 60 65 as has just been described This portion of the timer interrupt routine handles updating the timing bits scan ning keyboard 116 for data and driving displays 112 and 114 Thereafter a portion of the logic for control ling the S and C line signals is performed and program control then reverts to the point in the main program where processing of the main program was interrupted by the timer interrupt routine The next time the timer interrupt routine is called lines 675 881 are performed 4 459 582 52 a key by requiring that the same key be detected in eight successive scans of the keyboard Lines 875 881 trans fer the key data to the KEYBUF register when it has been validated as described above Lines 886 894 These lines are a subroutine called delay which is called by the remainder of the timer interrupt routine whenever return of program control from the timer interrupt routine to the main program is desired This subroutine saves program control infor mation needed to resume processing when the timer interrupt routine is called again and restores program control information needed for re
125. tral station to identify 3 4 Ordinary ie lower level 65 the person who turned off the BA2 protection At lines 4 passcodes 4713 4739 all previously bypassed points are cleared rdinary i e lower level n 7 subscriber passcodes This prevents any points from being permanently by 5 4 Ordinary i e lower level passed At line 4741 flag zero F0 is set to indicate 4 459 582 30 TABLE H continued Fault or Off Normal Condition tor to FALT 26 3 Cold water ground fault another contributor to FALT 26 4 PROM 380 missing or defec tive another contributor to FALT 26 5 Bridge PID i e PID 11 or 12 closed another con tributor to FALT 26 6 AC power off for extended time another contributor to FALT 26 7 AC power off FALT 7 8 Communication trouble detected by control unit 102 in communicator module 104 FALT 8 9 The BA loop being tested is open e g any BA point in the loop being tested is signalling an alarm condition 10 No bypass option selected in PROM 380 and any point is bypassed 11 More than one point is by passed regardless of bypass option selected in PROM 380 Tested at Lines 4760 4763 4760 4763 4160 4763 4760 4763 4760 4763 4760 4763 4165 4772 4774 4787 4774 4787 If any of these tests is positive the BA system being tested cannot be turned on and the program jumps back to the calling routine with the carry bit cleared to indi cat
126. turning on the P latch of COP 6 whenever the BA1 system is off Lines 3052 3062 These lines set up a bit for turning on the K latch of COP 6 whenever the BA2 system is off Lines 3067 3079 These lines set up a bit for turning on the P latch of COP 7 whenever there is a fire alarm Lines 3084 3094 These lines set up a bit for turning on the K latch of PID 7 whenever there is a supervisory alarm Lines 3096 3099 These lines transfer the central station command bit for COPs 0 3 to output buffer register 1 OPPB1 Lines 3101 3104 These lines transfer the control bits for COPs 4 7 from register R3 to output buffer register 2 OPPB2 Lines 3108 3116 These lines set up a bit for turning on the P latch of COP 8 whenever there is a holdup alarm Lines 3118 3123 These lines combine the holdup bit for COP 8 with the data for controlling COPs 9 and 10 and store the result in output buffer register 3 OPPB3 The COP 9 data is set up in the sounder routine lines 2770 2954 discussed above and the COP 10 data is set up at the beginning of the output routine i e at lines 2398 2399 also discussed above Lines 3127 3202 These lines control the bell PID ie PID 15 The P output of PID 15 drives a pulser which turns the bell on and off during alternating time intervals This is used as a fire alarm warning The K output of PID 15 causes the bell to ring continuously 45 50 55 60 65 43 TABLEL PID
127. use smoke to spread etc 7 K Same as above for supervisory alarms This latch can be used for such functions as turning on a pump or valve in response to a supervisory alarm 8 P The state of this latch indicates whether or not there is a holdup alarm This latch can therefore be used to turn on a holdup camera a video tape recorder etc when there is a holdup alarm Not used The state of this latch indicates whether sounder 118 of local control unit 102 is on or off This latch can therefore be used to control another sounder remote from control unit 102 Not used The state of this latch indicates whether or not a 1 TEST request has been made via keyboard 116 of local control unit 102 This latch is therefore used to turn on a remote sounder as part of the system test requested by entry of the 1 TEST command 10 K Not used Latch Function tn oo um Because COPs only receive commands from local con trol unit 102 and do not transmit data back to the local control unit any number of COPs of any given type can 4 459 582 46 alarm and the respective BA1 or BA2 redundant bit is set Lines 3298 3512 These lines set up ten data bits which are part of 16 data bits two bytes transmitted to central station 106 via communicator module 104 The other six bits of this data are the passcode information i e one of 64 passcodes representing such information as the identity of the subscr
128. ut of the PIDs is used 1 to automatically disconnect power consuming BA sensors when low battery is detected or during a pro longed AC power outage to conserve remaining battery power for extending more important fire alarm protec tion and 2 to reset sensors e g glass breakage and smoke detectors that latch when triggered and are 15 30 40 45 50 55 60 45 This is used as a burglar alarm warning The fire alarm warning if any must override any burglar alarm warn ing Lines 3128 3131 cause the program to jump over all the burglar alarm bell logic if there is a low battery condition Lines 3133 3143 clear the BA1 bell ring timer and preset the BA1 bell recycle counter to 4 if the BA1 system is off The BAI bell recycle counter is decremented by one each time the bell rings in response to a BA1 alarm to limit the number of times during any period in which the BA1 system is on that the bell will ring Line 3145 decrements the BA1 bell ring timer each time a predetermined time interval has passed unless the bell ring timer is already zero Line 3147 tests the BA1 bell ring timer and causes the program to jump if the timer is zero Lines 3149 3151 and 3180 et seq set up data for ultimately energizing the K latch of PID 15 unless the BA1 bell recycle timer is equal to zero Lines 3153 3171 are similar to the preceding lines for the BA2 system Lines 3173 3177 set up data which ultimately causes the bell to ring du
129. which is discussed above in the discussion of the BA fixed routine At line 5314 processing continues from a jump at line 5271 discussed above Lines 5314 5321 set the supervisory alarm status bit and place the PID num 4 459 582 27 28 TABLE E continued TABLE G continued Actual Keyboard KEYBUF Key In Subroutine Number of Type of 116 Key Key No Code No Group Passcodes Passcodes 3 D 3 5 No in Group in Group 2 E 2 subscriber passcodes 1 F 1 A code compare subroutine CCS0 lines 4581 4747 As can be seen from the foregoing table the key in is called to compare the data in the stack to each group subroutine code numbers for the ten digit keys 0 9 10 of passcodes until a match is found or until all passcode correspond to digits represented by those keys while groups have been checked without finding a match In the command keys SILENCE ON HOURS RESET each group it is assumed that the first digit is the same BYPASS and TEST have key in subroutine codes If a match is found among the service personnel pass which are the hexadecimal digits A F It should be codes a service bit is set lines 4065 4071 and data is set noted that after some initial processing the key in sub 15 up to send a service person on premises passcode to routine converts the code for the zero button from 0 to central station 106 lines 4074 4076 If a match is found uy so that the En d the digit O is not Em a a manage

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