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DIGITAL Alpha VME 5/352 and 5/480 Single-Board

1. lesse 2 6 TIME San ses ht ee is An DIERUM IU d 3 12 Timer Modes m pelo ein 3 13 Commonly Used Console Commands 0 000000 02 ee 4 4 Special Keys for Console Operation 222222 esee eee 4 5 Console Command Operators 0 00 c eee eee eee 4 6 Summary of Console Operations 0 0 0 cee eee eee 5 1 Environment Variables 0 0 0 cece cee e 5 5 Symbols Used by Examine and Deposit Commands 5 20 Action String Characters o ss seese serre errre eene totar ueteri 6 30 SROM Initialization and Console Tests llle eese ess 7 2 Console Mode Diagnostic Tests 0 eese 8 1 Console Command Summary 0 0 0 cece eee esee A 1 Troubleshooting Your SBC 0 eee eee B 2 P1 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments 0 000000 cee eee C 1 P2 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments o sussura narenn C 2 Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments C 4 Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments 0 0 0 0 essen C 4 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments C 5 Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments C 7 Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments lees esses C 8 PMC Option 1 J11 Pin Assignments 00 0 0 002s C 10 PMC Option 1 J12 Pin Assignments 0 00 00 eee C 11 PMC Option 1 VMEbus P2 Signal Connector J14 Pin Assignments C 12 P
2. Specifies the ASCII string of the current console ter minal language code as defined by LANGUAGE Specifies whether a software license is in effect Specifies whether diagnostics are to be run when the firmware is initialized Specifies versions of VMS and OSF PALcode in the firmware Specifies a hexadecimal byte indicating whether video synchronization should be driven on the green channel for up to eight TGA video cards Video card 0 corresponds to bit 0 card 1 to bit 1 and so on Use with the CONSOLE environment variable Specifies the current console terminal unit Indicates which entry of the CTP Table corresponds to the actual console terminal The default is 0 30 hex Specifies the version of the console code firmware Specifies the base address of VMEbus A32 space Specifies the size of VMEbus A32 space Table 5 2 Environment Variables Continued Variable Parameter Values Description VME A24 BASE address Specifies the base address of VMEbus A24 space VME A24 SIZE n Specifies the size of VMEbus A24 space VME A16 BASE address Specifies the base address of VMEbus A16 space VME CONFIG mode Specifies the VME setup mode This variable is used by the operating systems for storing VME configu ration information for the initialization of the VME corner See your operating system documentation for more information VX BOOTLINE file name Specifies the name of the file to be used for the VxWorks bootstrap
3. e Increment through the memory being tested by a specified number of quad words For example an increment of 1 tests every other quadword Specify the increment with the i option This option is useful for testing the same physical address range on multiple CPUs e Serialize access to memory by setting up a memory barrier after each memory access The memory barrier option mb is available only if you are running the test in fast mode 5 10 6 1 March Memory Test The march memory test uses a marching 1s and Os algorithm to test a specified section of memory The default data patterns that the test uses are 0x55555555 and its inverse OXAAAAAAAA You can specify an alternative data pattern with the memtest command s d option The march memory test makes three passes over the memory being tested For Pass The Test 1 Writes the default or a specified data pattern to the specified memory loca tion starting at the specified starting address and repeating through the specified length Reads the data pattern that has been written to memory starting at the spec ified starting address and writes back the inverse The test operates on the data pattern a longword at a time until it reaches the specified length Reads back the inverse of the data pattern starting at the end of the mem ory region being tested and writes back Os The test operates on the data pattern a longword at a time until it reaches the specified star
4. 5 2 2 Setting Environment Variables To set the values of environment variables use the set command This command requires that you specify the name of an environment variable and either a numeric or ASCII string value Section 5 2 1 provides a complete listing of avail able environment variables If at any time you need to restore a variable to its default value you can do so by using the set command s default option Or if you want to set all environment variables to their default values at the same time use the init ev command For any environment variable changes that you make with the set or init ev com mand to take effect you must reset the system or issue the init command Note Before you change the value of an environment variable you should understand the implications of the change 5 2 3 Displaying the Values of Environment Variables You can display the values of environment variables by using the show command As indicated in the following table the extent of this command s output depends on the argument that you specify To display Specify The value of a specific variable The name of that variable The values of a group of related variables A name that includes a wildcard for example BOOT The values of all variables No argument To see the changes to variables that you reset you must reset the system or issue the init command before using show Using the Console 5 9 5 2 4 Re
5. gt gt gt e Sfff000 n 1 gt foo Redirect examine output to file foo gt gt gt ls foo Check to see if foo exists foo gt gt gt cat foo Display foo pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF008 0000000000000000 gt gt gt rm foo Delete remove file foo gt gt gt ls foo Check to see if foo exists foo no such file 4 14 Running Commands in Background Mode You have the option of executing console commands in background mode When a command executes in background mode the console creates a process for exe cuting the command and leaves the main process available for you to enter a new command You can execute any console command in the background by placing the background operator amp at the end of the command Console Basics 4 9 The following example starts three processes in the background The exer com mand invokes the first process which reads data from block 0 of a disk Then the memtest command creates two processes that perform console memory tests In all three cases the console immediately returns with the console prompt and waits for you to enter another command gt gt gt show device See what devices are available dka0 2 0 1 0 dka0 dka0 eza0 0 0 0 0 EZAO 08 00 2B 1D 02 91 ezb0 0 0 1 0 EZBO 08 00 2B 1D 02 92 pka0 7 0 2 0 PKAO SCSI Bus ID 7 gt gt gt exer dkaO sb 0 p 0 amp Read block 0 forever gt gt gt memtest p 0 amp Start up the memory test forever
6. 16 bit support is provided by byte manipulation instructions Limited hardware Functional Components 3 3 support is provided for the VAX D floating data type Partial hardware implemen tation is provided for the architecturally optional FETCH and FETCH M instruc tions Other features of the microprocessor include e Anonchip demand paged memory management unit with a translation buffer e Twoonchip high throughput pipelined floating point units capable of exe cuting both DIGITAL and IEEE floating point data types e An onchip 8 KB virtual instruction cache Icache with 7 bit ASNs MAX ASNz127 e Anonchip dual read ported 8 KB data cache Dcache e Anonchip write buffer with six 32 byte entries e Anonchip 96 KB 3 way set associative write back second level level 2 mixed instruction and data cache e A 128 bit data bus with onchip parity and error correction code ECC sup port e An external third level level 3 synchronous 2 MB backup cache Bcache e An internal clock generator providing a high speed clock used by the 21164 microprocessor and a pair of programmable system clocks for use by the CPU module e Onchip performance counters to measure and analyze CPU and system per formance e Chip and module level test support including an Icache test interface to sup port chip and module level testing e A3 3 V external interface and 2 5 V core power for reduced power consump tion Figure 3 2 shows th
7. EC N0647 72 EC QP97C TE Document Order Number Digital Semiconductor 21052 PCI PCI Bridge Data EC QHURB TE Sheet Digital Semiconductor 21164 Alpha Microprocessor EC QP98B TE Data Sheet Digital Semiconductor 21172 Core Logic Chipset Prod EC QUQHA TE uct Brief Digital Semiconductor 21164 Alpha Microprocessor EC QP99B TE Hardware Reference Manual Digital Semiconductor 21172 Core Logic Chipset Tech EC QUQJA TE nical Reference Manual DIGITAL UNIX Guide to Real time Programming AA PS33D TE DIGITAL UNIX Writing PCI Bus Device Drivers AA Q7RQC TE DIGITAL UNIX Writing VMEbus Device Drivers AA Q057G TE Manpages on the VxWorks Real Time Tools for Alpha Not applicable CD ROM PALcode for Alpha Microprocessors System Design EC QFGLC TE Guide e The following specifications which are available through the indicated ven dor or organization Document Vendor or Organization CY7C9640 Specification Intel 82378ZB PCI ISA Bridge Chip Specification PCI Local Bus Specification Rev 2 1 Super I O FDC37C6656T Specification Symbios 53C810 SCSI Controller Spec ification TOY clock DS1386 Specification VIC64 Specification Cypress Semiconductor Corp Intel Corp PCI Special Interest Group Standard Microsystems Corp Symbios Dallas Semiconductor Cypress Semiconductor Corp XV Part Introduction Part I introduces the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 single board
8. Options 6 22 ib b 0 d X Specifies the second numeric value to be evaluated Specifies one of the following Operator Description Adds the operands Subtracts operand2 from operand Multiplies the operands Divides operand by operand2 Use the operands as binary values Use the operands as octal values Use the operands as decimal values Use the operands as hexadecimal values Display the output as a binary value Display the output as an octal value Display the output as a decimal value Console Command Reference Display the output as a hexadecimal value Examples 1 gt gt gt eval 5 10 15 Adds 5 and 10 and displays 15 as the result 2 gt gt gt eval ix d 5 10 21 Adds the hexadecimal values 0x5 and 0x10 and displays the result as decimal value 21 Console Command Reference 6 23 examine display memory data Syntax Displays the content of a memory location register device or file After initialization if you have not specified a data address or size the default address space is physical memory the default data size is a quadword and the default address is zero You specify an address or device by concatenating the device name with the address for example pmem 0 and by specifying the size of the data to be dis played If you do not specify an address the data at the current address is displayed in the current data size
9. Pin Signal 1 Ready out always asserted tied high with a 150Q resistor Transmit Transmit send common tied to ground Receive Receive aA nA A N Ready in tied to ground with 3 01KQ resistor Figure C 1 Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments Pini Pin6 NULL er Front view mating side MLO 013549 C 2 4 Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments Table C 4 lists the pin assignments for the Ethernet connector Figure C 2 shows a pin assignment diagram Table C 4 Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal 1 Transmit Transmit Receive No connection No connection Receive No connection o N QN tA A t N No connection Figure C 2 Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments Pin 11 TMTA_LPin 8 Y Y Front view mating side MLO 013550 C 4 Module Connector Pin Assignments C 3 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments Table C 5 lists the pin assignments for the primary breakout module 54 24663 01 Figure C3 shows a pin assignment diagram Table C 5 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments Pin Row A Row B Row C 1 SCSI DATAO L VCC MSDATA 2 SCSI DATA1 L Ground MSCLK 3 SCSI DATA2 L N C Ground 4 SCSI DATA3 L N C KBDATA 5 SCSI_DATA4_L N C KBCLK 6 SCSI DATAS L N C WD STATUS OC 7 SCSI_DATA6_L N C BREAKOUTO 8 SCSI DATA7 L N C BREAKOUTI 9 SCSI DP L N C Ground 10 SCSI ATN
10. halt Examples See Also Use the specified Ethernet protocols for a network boot Specify MOP for a DEC net MOP boot BOOTP for a TCP IP boot or both If you specify both the firm ware attempts to use each protocol to solicit a boot server If you do not specify a protocol the firmware uses the protocol previously associated with the environ ment variable EWAO0 PROTOCOLS Forces the boot operation to halt and invoke the console program once the boot image is loaded and page tables and other data structures are set up Console device drivers are not shut down when you specify this option gt gt gt boot The system tries to boot from a default boot device If you have not set up a default boot device the console program returns an error message gt gt gt boot ewa0 The system boots from the Ethernet port EWAO gt gt gt boot file avme sys ewa0 The system boots the file avme sys from Ethernet port EWAO gt gt gt boot fi usr local bootfile alphavme vl 1 0 protocol bootp ewa0 The system uses TCP IP BOOTP to perform a network boot from Ether net port EWAO gt gt gt boot flags 0 1 The system boots from a previously defined default boot device with boot flag settings 0 and 1 gt gt gt boot halt dkaO The system boots from the SCSI disk dka0 but remains in console mode set show Console Command Reference 6 5 break break from a program loop Breaks from a for while or until
11. FR 6 71 show log display NVRAM error log information Displays console detected fault information that was previously stored in the error log area of NVRAM If you do not specify command line options the command displays the most recent fault Before using the show log command you must initialize the error log by issuing the clear log command Note Console error logging is completely independent of the operating system s error logging Syntax show log n count all new Options n count Display the specified number of most recent faults that are logged into the NVRAM error log area The default value for count is 1 all Display all faults logged into the NVRAM error log area All faults are marked as seen so you can display new faults easily by using the new option This option always causes the command to display all logged faults new Display new faults logged into the NVRAM error log area displays faults that have not been previously displayed with the all option 6 72 Console Command Reference Examples See Also 1 gt gt gt show log FAULT 1 Time of Error Diagnostic Pass Count Error Message gt gt gt 13 08 39 9 AUG 1997 Interval Timer 1 Test Number 4 Failing Point 18 Interrupt not invoked and should have been Display the most recent fault 2 gt gt gt show log n 3 FAULT 1 Time of Error Machine Check SCB
12. ME specifications 1 2 ME A16 BASE environment variable 5 9 ME A24 BASE environment variable 5 9 ME A24 SIZE environment variable 5 9 ME A32 BASE environment variable 5 8 ME A32 SIZE environment variable 5 8 ME CONFIG environment variable 5 9 MEbus 1 3 A16 address space 5 9 A24 address space 5 9 A32 address space 5 8 address mapping 3 15 lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt lt addressing modes 3 14 arbitration 1 2 connectors 1 3 connectors pin assignments C 1 data transfers 3 14 interface 1 2 interrupts 1 3 P2 options 2 7 P2 signal connector 2 10 protocols 3 14 reset signal 4 2 scatter gather map 3 15 transactions 1 2 VMEbus Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 20 Voltage supply 1 4 PMC I O companion card 3 9 VX_BOOTLINE environment variable 5 9 VxWorks for Alpha 1 3 boot file 5 9 W Watchdog reset signal 2 7 Watchdog timeout LED 2 3 2 5 Watchdog timeout signal 2 7 Watchdog timer 1 2 3 2 3 11 4 2 timeout LED 2 5 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test 8 19 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test 8 19 Watchdog Timer Test 8 2 wdog_diag command 8 2 wdog_diag command 8 19 Wet bulb specification 1 5 while reserved word 4 7 Wildcards in environment variable names 5 10 X Xilinx interrupt controller 3 9 Y Y cable connector 2 8 Index 15
13. The cache stores the last accessed outbound scatter gather entry and its corre sponding scatter gather address index The registers provide mapping for inbound and outbound transactions one mapping in each direction For more information about VME interface address mapping see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and VME 5 480 Single Board Computers Technical Reference Functional Components 3 15 Part Il The Console Part II discusses the console interface for the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 single board computers SBCs This part consists of the following chap ters e Chapter 4 Console Basics e Chapter 5 Using the Console e Chapter 6 Console Command Reference 4 Console Basics The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console provides an interface to the SBC firmware From a video terminal or video terminal emulator you can use console firmware commands to perform operations such as configuring your system debugging your application embedding script code in the NVRAM or updating the firmware This chapter introduces you to console basics by e Explaining required serial line settings Section 4 1 e Identifying console features Section 4 2 e Explaining how to enter console mode Section 4 3 e Explaining how to exit console mode Section 4 4 e Discussing online help Section 4 5 e Providing an overview of console commands Chapter 4 6 e Describing special keys Section 4 7 e Discussing command line characteristics
14. Timers Watchdog timer DS1386 RTC with Lithium lt 0 5 grams battery backup Three 16 bit timers Two timers are driven at 10 MHz One timer is clocked by external input through the P2 connector for event counting or synchronization Programmable timeout Output reset is available on the P2 connector VME specifications VMEbus interface VMEbus transactions VMEbus arbitration Specifications and Requirements VIC64 interface chip Conforms to ANSVIEEE standard 1014 1987 Supports extensions for 64 bit data transfers IEC 821 and 297 Master A32 24 18 D64 32 16 8 Slave A32 24 16 D64 32 16 8 UAT BLT MBLT System controller with configurable arbitration PRI RRS SGL FAIR Table 1 1 Alpha VME5 352 and 5 480 SBC Specifications Continued VMEbus interrupts VMEbus connector Other VMEbus features Handles all seven levels 8 bit software programmable status Requester for all seven levels Software programmable vector DIN 41612 style C 96 contacts P1 P2 connector SYSCLK and SYSRESET Physical characteristics Single board computer Weight Number of slots PCI mezzanine card Breakout module Dual height Eurocard format 6U8HP 233 x 160 x 40 3 mm 9 17 x 6 3 x 1 59 in 1 014 kg 2 21 Ibs including four DIMMs 2 3 with the optional PMC I O companion card 150 x 75 mm 5 9 x 2 95 in Dual slot version Power specifications Configuration 5 Vdc 12 Vdc 12 Vdc D
15. Use a data size of longword Use a data size of quadword Use a data size of octaword h Use a data size of hexaword d Display the decoded macro instruction This option does not recognize machine specific PAL instructions physical Display data that is at an address in physical memory Using this option is the same as specifying pmem for device virtual Display data that is at an address in virtual memory Using this option is the same as specifying vmem for device gpr Display data that is in the general purpose registers Using this option is the same as specifying gpr for device fpr Display data that is in the floating point registers Using this option is the same as specifying fpr for device ipr Display data that is in the internal processor registers Using this option is the same as specifying ipr for device n count Display the data at the specified number of consecutive locations s step Increment the address location by the specified size By default the address increment size is the data size Use this option to override the default This option is not inherited Specify step as a hexadecimal value 1 gt gt gt e r0 gpr o RO 0000000000000002 Examine general purpose register RO by symbolic address 2 gt gt gt e g 0 gpr o RO 0000000000000002 Examine general purpose register RO by address space gpr option 3 gt gt gt e gpr 0 gpr o RO 0000000000000002 Examine RO b
16. Using TFTP to Read Files Across the Network 1 00 0 0 000 ce eee eee eee 5 16 Managing the TOY Clock ceres e ek Rer e rn 5 16 Displaying the TOY Clock s Time and Date 00 0000 eee eee 5 17 Setting the TOY Clock s Time and Date 0 0 0 cee eee eee 5 17 Disabling the TOY Clock s Internal Oscillator 0 0 00 00 02 eee ee 5 17 Getting System Information 0 0 0 5 18 Updating Firmware ciis ae pas ii De easi rudera 5 18 Examining and Depositing Data l eleleeeeeeeee cee eee 5 19 The Default Devices 2 u EY Te a 5 19 Console Device Drivers cece eee e N 5 20 Device Byte Offsets xiii pk RP Ra eK Raa balls Oo hide wee ee ERR eg 5 20 Specifying a Data SIZE esri totesin a E eh 5 21 Depositing and Examining Data in Memory sese eee 5 21 Depositing and Examining Data in Registers 0 0 0 c eee eee eee ee 5 22 Managing the Console Devices and CPU 0 00 cece eee 5 24 Initializing SBC Components 0 0 cee eee eee eee 5 24 Stopping and Starting the CPU or Devices 0 0 00 eee eee eee 5 24 Exercising Devices eee e ee aar on 5 24 Managing Memory ccm eee eee EET ee es nn ae 5 26 Displaying the State of Dynamic Memory 00 0 0 cece eee 5 26 Displaying the System s Virtual Memory Map 0 0 0 0 c eee eee ee 5 27 Allocating and Freeing Blocks of Memory 0 0 c eee eee eee 5 27 Ch
17. is provided for single bit errors and error detection is provided for double bit errors For details on how the operating system reports and handles ECC errors see your operating system documentation In addition to the requirement of using either two or four DIMMs all DIMMs you use must be identical in size number of MB speed and architecture EDO Note DIGITAL memory DIMMs are supplied in pairs DIGITAL may source the pairs of DIMMs from different memory vendors To ensure proper operation of your SBC you must install the DIMMs as supplied pairs in memory connectors 0 and 1 or 2 and 3 If you choose to use only two DIMMs you must populate memory connectors 0 and 1 Table 2 2 shows valid DIMM combinations Table 2 2 Valid DIMM Combinations Memory Size DIMM 0 DIMM 1 DIMM 2 DIMM 3 MB MB MB MB MB 16 8 8 32 8 8 8 8 32 16 16 64 16 16 16 16 64 32 32 128 32 32 32 32 Module Components Table 2 2 Valid DIMM Combinations Continued Memory Size DIMM 0 DIMM 1 DIMM 2 DIMM 3 MB MB MB MB MB 128 64 64 256 64 64 64 64 256 128 128 512 128 128 128 128 For information on memory installation see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and VME 5 480 Single Board Computers Installation Guide 2 6 Primary Breakout Module The primary breakout module is a required module that plugs into your VMEbus backplane behind the slots occupied by your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC CPU and I O modules Thi
18. update update flash ROMs sseseleeeeee ereere 6 79 Part Ill Diagnostics vi Diagnostics and System Initialization POST Diagnostics u n RR pet RET RR FETU RE pe ee e RE Doce 7 1 System Initialization Sequence and Countdown 0 0 0 ee eee eee eee 7 2 POST NVRAM and Memory Diagnostics Descriptions l l esee ess 7 3 POST Nonvolatile RAM Diagnostic lee 7 4 POST Memory Diagnostic seseseeeeee hte 7 5 Console Mode Diagnostics Console Mode Diagnostics Summary 0 0 cece Heartbeat Timer Testre noa nia xt Et ce Oe Rer dr ae Renate ARI TRO RR Interval Timer Tests Ru RR es AGG NA ETUDES ale DECchip 21040 Ethernet Controller Tests 0 0 00 cee eee DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Timekeeper Tests eese Local Area Network Address ROM Tests NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O Processor Tests 1 0 2 0 0 0 00 cece eA Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test e VME Interface Tests eee a hae EN Re ee E Cer RR ER en Part IV Appendixes A Console Command Summary B Troubleshooting SROM Diagnosti6S e eR RR RE m be e baee bp eee Flash ROM Diagnostics esee I e Troubleshooting Systems that Include a PMC VO Companion Card Operating System and Application Use of the Dot Matrix Display Troubleshooting Your SBC 0 2 cette ene C Module Connector Pin Assignments CPU Module Connector Pin Assignments 0 0 cece I O Module Connector P
19. 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000005 Console Basics You can also use a grouping operator to create a script that contains many com mands You have to rearrange the echo command so that the appended characters are at the end Then use the open grouping operator to open the character string and take as many lines as needed to create the script before specifying the close grouping operator The following example shows how to create a long script using grouping operators gt gt gt echo gt foo ex 3fff000 d 3 000 7 _ gt e 3 000 _ gt d 3 000 5 _ gt e 3 000 gt gt gt cat foo ex 3fff000 d 3fff000 7 e 3fff000 d 3fff000 5 e 3fff000 gt gt gt foo pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000007 pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000005 4 16 Copying Scripts Over the Network The console provides a mechanism for transferring command scripts over the net work You can create scripts on an OpenVMS system and then fetch them from the console of an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC by using the following proce dure 1 Create a file of console commands in the OpenVMS environment using your favorite editor The following example shows the OpenVMS create command being used to create a script file called sample create sample show version ls 1 sample Control Z exit 2 Make the script file compatible with the MOP load protocol To accomplish this run the add header exe p
20. 20 wdog diag 8 2 8 19 Component and path coverage testing 7 5 Components functional 3 1 figure of 3 3 module 2 1 system initializing 5 24 Configuration switchpack 2 4 Connectors 10BASE T twisted pair Ethernet connector 1 2 3 8 64 bit PCI connector 2 3 at rear of VME chassis 2 8 checking the seating of B 3 CPU module connector C 1 CPU module connector on I O module 2 4 DIMM connectors 2 3 diskette drive connector 2 10 pin assignements for C 15 Ethernet connector 2 4 pin assignments for C 4 external monitoring device connector 2 7 I O module connector C 1 on CPU module 2 3 on PMC I O companion card 2 10 keyboard and mouse connector pin assignments for C 7 C 17 keyboard connector 2 8 2 10 memory module connectors 2 3 mouse connector 2 8 2 10 P1 VMEbus connector on CPU module 2 3 on I O module 2 4 on PMC I O companion card 2 10 pin assignments for C 1 P2 VMEbus connector on CPU module 2 3 on I O module 2 4 on PMC I O companion card 2 10 pin assignments for C 2 signal PMC option 2 2 10 parallel port connector 2 8 pin assignments for C 8 Index 4 pin assignments for C 1 PMC I O companion card connector on I O mod ule 2 4 PMC I O companion card connectors C 9 PMC option connectors 2 9 2 10 primary breakout module connector C 5 SCSI bus connector 2 7 secondary breakout module connector 2 7 pin assignments for C 6 serial port connectors pin assignments for C 4 VMEbus c
21. 5 480 sin gle board computers SBCs This part consists of the following chapters e Chapter 7 Diagnostics and System Initialization e Chapter 8 Console Mode Diagnostics 7 Diagnostics and System Initialization Diagnostics for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs provide a fast high cover age suite of power on self test POST diagnostics to be invoked automatically at power on and system reset In addition to the POST diagnostics there are ROM based console mode diagnostics that provide additional testing and fault isolation You invoke the console mode diagnostics by entering commands at your terminal You also have the option of using diagnostic environment variables to gain more control over your test environment This chapter introduces you to DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC diag nostics by discussing the e POST diagnostics Section 7 1 e System initialization sequence and countdown Section 7 2 e POSTNVRAM and memory diagnostics descriptions Section 7 3 7 1 POST Diagnostics Your SBC invokes POST diagnostics when you apply power to or reset the sys tem In this mode a sequence of diagnostics is executed without operator inter vention Once the SROM code has been loaded into the 8 KB internal instruction cache a very basic system initialization is performed in preparation for starting the console firmware After enough of the system has been initialized the flash ROM based console is loaded into system mem
22. 5 Regulatory Compliance The DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs have been tested and shown to operate within a suitable enclosure with the following regulatory compliances 1 6 Specifications and Requirements e EMC CE and VCCI limits for a Class A device UL CSA and TUV safety limits These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful inter ference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equip ment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used as instructed in the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Installation Guide may cause harmful interference to radio communi cations Operation of an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the interference is required to be corrected at the user s own risk When used in an appropriate enclosure an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC can operate at the level of a Class B device If used as a Class B device your applica tion may require shielded cables for all I O interfaces Note It is incumbent upon Original Equipment Manufacturers OEMs to obtain regulatory FCC approval for a consolidated system Specifications and Requirements 1 7 2 Module Components The DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs consist of a single CPU mod ule and support modules that provide I O memory and power This chapter desc
23. A D lt 15 8 gt VME_A D lt 23 16 gt lt 15 8 gt VIC CSRs VME_A D lt 7 0 gt VME_D 31 0 VME A 81 1 ML014167 The VIP chip controls the 32 bit wide PCI bus Its PCI configuration registers allow it to function as the PCI bus target and initiator The VIP chip e Functions as a PCI slave to all processor I O read and write operations that target the VIP registers the CY7C964 chip registers the scatter gather RAM or VME memory space e Responds to PCI interrupt acknowledge cycles when set up as the PCI inter rupt responder e Functions as a PCI master in response to the VIC64 chip requesting data from or sending data to PCI memory 3 14 Functional Components e Performs address translation between the PCI bus and the VMEbus for trans fers to and from the VMEbus 3 10 2 VIC64 and CY7C964 Chips The VIC64 and CY7C964 chips control the VMEbus The VIC64 chip functions as a VMEbus slave in response to VME addresses that match those set up by the address base and address base mask registers This chip functions as VMEbus master e In response to the processor reading from and writing to VME memory pro grammed I O e To execute DMA transactions master block transfers set up by the processor in the VIP VIC64 interface For more information on the VIC64 and CY7C964 chips see the Cypress Semi conductor V C068 User s Guide VIC64 design notes
24. AD3 BPCI AD2 59 60 BPCI ADI BPCI ADO 61 62 VCC Ground 63 64 SVIO C 10 Module Connector Pin Assignments Table C 9 PMC Option 1 J12 Pin Assignments Signal Pin Pin Signal PWRP12 1 2 Ground SVIO 3 4 N C SVIO 5 6 Ground Ground 7 8 N C N C 9 10 N C VCC 11 12 3V S_RST_L 13 14 Ground 3V 15 16 Ground N C 17 18 Ground BPCI_AD30 19 20 BPCI_AD29 Ground 21 22 BPCI AD26 BPCI AD24 23 24 3V BPCI_AD17 25 26 BPCI_AD23 3V 27 28 BPCI_AD20 BPCI_AD18 29 30 Ground BPCI_AD16 31 32 BPCI_CBE2_L Ground 33 34 N C BPCI TRDY L 35 36 3V Ground 37 38 BPCI_STOP_L BPCI_PERR_L 39 40 Ground 3V 41 42 BPCI SERR L BPCI CBEI L 43 44 Ground BPCI_AD14 45 46 BPCI AD13 Ground 47 48 BPCI_AD10 BPCI_AD8 49 50 3V BPCI AD7 51 52 N C 3V 53 54 N C N C 55 56 Ground N C 57 58 N C Ground 59 60 N C SVIO 61 62 3V Ground 63 64 N C Module Connector Pin Assignments C 11 Table C 10 PMC Option 1 VMEbus P2 Signal Connector J14 Pin Assign ments Signal Pin Pin Signal P2 1C 1 2 P2_1A P2_2C 3 4 P2_2A P2_3C 5 6 P2_3A P2_4C 7 8 P2 4A P2 5C 9 10 P2 5A P2 6C 11 12 P2 6A P2 7C 13 14 P2 7A P2 8C 15 16 P2 8A P2 9C 17 18 P2 9A P2 10C 19 20 P2 10A P2_11C 21 22 P2_11A P2_12C 23 24 P2_12A P2_13C 25 26 P2 13A P2 14C 27 28 P2 14A P2 15C 29 30 P2 15A P2 16C 31 32 P2 16A P2 17C 33 34 P2 17A P2 18C 35 36 P2 18A P2 19C 37 38 P2 19A P2 20C 39 40 P2 20A P2 21C 41 42 P2 21A P2 22C 43 44 P2 22A P2 23C 45 46 P2 23A P2 24C 47 48 P2_24A
25. Auxiliary serial port Console serial port Reset Halt switch Twisted pair Ethernet connector 2 4 CPU and I O Assembly Controls and Indicators The CPU and I O modules are delivered as a single assembly The modules are attached and share a single front panel Figure 2 4 shows the controls and indica tors on that front panel and Table 2 1 describes their functions 2 4 Module Components Figure 2 4 Controls and Indicators 1 CAG GAGS LIP EX 3 4 2 ML013262 Table 2 1 Controls and Indicators Callout Control or Indicator Description 1 Reset Halt switch 2 Status display 3 VME Slave Activ ity Watchdog Time out LED 4 Power LED A switch that resets the SBC when pressed in the Reset up direction and halts the operating system when pressed in the Halt down direction A reset operation starts SROM execution the same way as when you power on the system When you use the Halt switch the SBC enters console mode Caution Keep in mind that reset and halt opera tions can cause loss of data A display that shows which test is running during power on self test POST diagnostics When the POST diagnostics are complete the display is under control of the operating system or an application program An amber LED with two functions The LED flashes when the SBC is accessed as a slave by another device on the VMEbus The LED lights continu ously when the watchdo
26. Card Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assign ments Continued Pin Signal 13 Ground 14 DSO L 15 Ground 16 MTRI L 17 Ground 18 DIR L 19 Ground 20 STEP L 21 Ground 22 WRDATA_L 23 Ground 24 WGATE_L 25 Ground 26 TRO_L 27 Ground 28 WRTPRT_L 29 Ground 30 RDATA 31 Ground 32 HDSEL_L 33 Ground 34 RDSKCHG C 16 Module Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 9 PMC I O Companion Card Diskette Connector Pin Assignments O O0 J6 Pin 34 Pin 33 J7 OOO00000000000000 OOOOOOOOOOOOOOO000 Pin 2 Pin 1 C 5 4 PMC I O Companion Card Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments Tables C 14 and C 15 list the pin assignments for the PMC I O companion card mouse and keyboard connectors respectively Figure C 10 shows a pin assign ment diagram for the connectors Table C 14 PMC I O Companion Card Mouse Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal 1 MOUSE_DATA 2 KBRD_DATA 3 Ground 4 VCC 5 MOUSE_CLOCK 6 KBRD_CLOCK Table C 15 PMC I O Companion Card Keyboard Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal 1 KBRD_DATA MOUSE_DATA Ground VCC KBRD_CLOCK N C aA ta A W N Module Connector Pin Assignments C 17 Figure C 10 PMC I O Companion Card Mouse and Keyboard Connector Pin Assignments TM A erei r as Front view mating side A 4 MLO 013553 C 18 Module Connector Pin Assignments Symbols operator 4 7 amp operator 4 7 amp a operato
27. INETFILE Both BOOTP and TFTP use the Internet user datagram protocol UDP as their primary transport mechanism UDP is an unreliable connectionless datagram delivery service For complete descriptions of the Internet protocols see Douglas Comer s Inter networking with TCP IP Vol I Principles Protocols and Architecture Second edition Prentice Hall 5 3 4 2 Defining Fields of the Internet Database 5 12 BOOTP and TFIP rely on Internet configuration information that you define for the system by setting network environment variables You must define a set of variables for each network interface in the system The system stores the configu ration information for each interface in a separate 300 byte Internet database These databases have the same format as BOOTP packets the BOOTP driver reads from and writes to the databases in binary form directly Using the Console The following table lists the environment variables that define the most important work data Unlike other environment variables these variables are nonvolatile Environment Variable Description EWAn DEF INETADDR The Internet address of a network interface on the SBC The Internet protocols TFTP and address reso lution protocol ARP require the correct Internet address to operate properly Enter the address in dot ted decimal notation n n n n EWAn DEF SINETADDR The Internet address of the remote host system to be contacted by TFTP The remote host
28. P2_25C 49 50 P2_25A P2_26C 51 52 P2 26A P2 27C 53 54 P2 27A P2 28C 55 56 P2 28A P2 29C 57 58 P2 29A P2 30C 59 60 P2 30A P2 31C 61 62 P2 31A P2 32C 63 64 P2 32A C 12 Module Connector Pin Assignments C 5 2 PMC Option 2 Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 8 shows the locations of the PMC option 2 connectors J21 and J22 Tables C 11 and C 12 list the pin assignments for the connectors Figure C 8 PMC Option 2 Connectors Pl P2 2 J22 64 2 J21 64 Table C 11 PMC Option 2 J21 Pin Assignments Signal Pin Pin Signal Ground 1 2 PWRN12 Ground 3 4 BPCIOPT1_IRQA_L BPCIOPT1_IRQB_L 5 6 BPCIOPT1_IRQC_L N C 7 8 VCC BPCIOPT1_IRQD_L 9 10 N C Ground 11 12 N C PCICLK OPTI L 13 14 Ground Ground 15 16 SGNTI L SSREQI L 17 18 VCC SVIO 19 20 BPCI_AD31 BPCI_AD28 21 22 BPCI_AD27 PBCI_AD25 23 24 Ground Ground 25 26 BPCI_CBE3_L BPCI_AD22 27 28 BPCI_AD21 BPCI_AD19 29 30 VCC SVIO 31 32 BPCI ADI17 BPCI FRAME L 33 34 Ground Ground 35 36 BPCI IRDY L BPCI DEVSEL L 37 38 VCC Module Connector Pin Assignments C 13 C 14 Table C 11 PMC Option 2 J21 Pin Assignments Continued Signal Pin Pin Signal Ground 39 40 BPCI LOCK L SVIO 41 42 SVIO BPCI PAR 43 44 Ground SVIO 45 46 BPCI ADI15 BPCI ADI2 47 48 BPCI_AD11 BPCI_AD9 49 50 VCC Ground 51 52 BPCI CBEO L BPCI AD6 53 54 BPCI AD5 BPCI_AD4 55 56 Ground SVIO 57 58 BPC
29. SBC can extend the shelf life of the oscillator s lithium battery The oscillator is reenabled and the clock starts counting time again the next time you power up the SBC Once the system is powered up again you must reset the SBC s time and date Note Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs are shipped with sleep mode enabled to conserve battery life Using the Console 5 17 5 6 Getting System Information You can acquire information about your system by using the show command You specify this command with an environment variable or a predefined keyword argument When you specify an environment variable the command displays the value of that variable For example the following command displays the default system power up action as defined by the environment variable AUTO ACTION gt gt gt show auto action boot gt gt gt For a complete listing of environment variables see Section 5 2 1 By specifying the show command with a keyword argument you can display the following information on your console terminal Information Keyword The system configuration config Devices and controllers on the system device The Alpha HWRPB hwrpb The character illuminated on the system s LED LED A map of the system s virtual memory map The following example displays information about the devices that are known to the system gt gt gt show device dkb0 0 0 1 0 DKBO RZ57 mke0 0 0 4 0 EO TZ85 eza0 0 0 6 0 EZAO 08 0
30. Techincal Reference EK VMES4 CL EK VME54 WI EK VME54 UM EK VME54 UM EK VME54 TM Describes the DIGITAL Alpha 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs highlighting product features and specifica tions Highlights important product information and explains how to acquire the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers User Man ual and DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Sin gle Board Computers Technical Reference Explains the warranty of your DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC and provides parts infor mation for ordering Explains how to install your DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC Use this guide if you need to adjust jumper settings or remove and reinstall field replaceable units FRUs Introduces the product by discussing product speci fications and requirements and describing the mod ule and functional components This manual also explains how to use the console firmware and dis cusses diagnostics and troubleshooting This manual discusses system address mapping the VME interface system registers and system inter rupts e The following DIGITAL documentation Document Order Number Alpha AXP Architecture Reference Manual Alpha Architecture Handbook Alpha Microprocessors SROM Mini Debugger User s Guide Answers to Common Questions about PALcode for Alpha AXP Systems Digital Semiconductor Alpha 21164 Microprocessor Product Brief Xiv EY T132E DP EC QD2KB TE EC QHUXB TE
31. Test 8 4 Timer 2 Terminal Count Test 8 4 Timer modes 3 13 Timers 1 2 3 12 TOY clock 1 4 2 1 3 2 3 10 checking the seating of B 2 disabling oscillator of 5 2 5 17 6 66 displaying time and date of 5 17 location of 2 4 managing 5 2 5 16 NVRAM registers 5 20 setting time and data of 5 17 TOY Clock Bitwalk Test 8 12 TOY Clock Register Tests 8 2 TOY Clock Time Advancement Test 8 13 Trace messages 5 6 Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP 5 8 5 12 initialization 5 13 using to read files across the network 5 16 Troubleshooting B 1 symptoms and corrective actions for B 2 systems that include a PMC I O companion card B 2 TTY_DEV environment variable 5 8 U UART 7 1 UNIX See DIGITAL UNIX until reserved word 4 7 Up arrow key 4 5 update command 5 2 5 18 V Variables See Environment variables VERSION environment variable 5 8 Vibration specification 1 5 VIC Register Write Read Test 8 20 VIC64 chip 1 2 3 14 3 15 VIC64 chip system interrupt controller 3 9 VIC64 Register Write Read Test 8 2 Victim eject memory test 5 30 Video synchronization 5 8 VIP chip 3 13 3 14 VIP PCI Configuration Register Test 8 2 8 20 VIP Register Write Read Test 8 2 8 20 vip diag command 8 2 8 20 Virtual memory 5 20 displaying a map of 5 2 map of 5 18 ME configuration 5 9 ME external timing signals 2 7 ME interface 3 13 ME Interface Tests 8 2 8 20 ME setup mode 5 9 ME slave activity LED 2 3 2 5
32. Within the TOY clock the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs offer just under 32 KB of on board SRAM that is backed up by battery The RAM is provided by the Dallas Semiconductor DS1386 chip and is held nonvolatile by a built in lithium battery source Functional Components 3 11 The nonvolatile RAM NVRAM is accessible for read and write operations in Nbus space The DS1386 chip contains 32 KB read write byte elements The low est 14 of these bytes have special register functions for operation of the TOY clock and watchdog timer You can use the remaining bytes 32754 bytes as general purpose bytewide read write RAM 3 9 6 Interval Timer The interval timer for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs is based on the 82C54 chip On power up the 82C54 chip is in an undefined state and must be ini tialized before being used For information on how to initialize the chip see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Technical Ref erence 3 9 6 1 Timers This chip is made up of three independent 16 bit counter timers that are function ally identical Table 3 1 Timers Timer Description Timer 0 Must be clocked externally by P2 pin C13 Optionally this timer s gate input can be driven by P2 pin C14 When this timer makes a low to high transition its output causes the assertion of an input request IRQ To dismiss the IRQ you need to access the timer interrupt sta tus register Timer 1 Operates as a rate gener
33. an error message If memory mapping is not enabled virtual addresses are equal to physical addresses gpr General purpose register The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you can specify the following symbols for address r0 r1 through r31 ai ra pv fp sp or rz fpr Floating point register set The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you can specify the following symbols for address f0 through f31 ipr Internal processor register set The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you can specify the following symbols for address ps asn asten astsr at fen apir ip mces pcbb prbr ptbr scbb sirr sisr tbchk tbia tbiap tbis esp ssp usp or whami pt PAL Temporary register set The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you can specify the following symbols for address PT 0 through PT 31 or PTO through PT31 pcicfg PCI configuration space pcidmem PCI dense memory space pcismem PCI sparse memory space pciio PCI I O space eerom Environment variable and error log NVRAM ferom Intel 28F020 firmware FEPROM toy DS1386 registers clock chip and NVRAM Console Command Reference 6 15 address data Options 6 16 b Specifies the address to which the data is to be written The address can be e Any valid hexadecimal offset in the address space of the specified device e A symbolic address if you o
34. and CY7C964 User s Guide 3 10 3 Address Mapping and the Scatter Gather Map The VIP chip translates addresses by using a mapping table in scatter gather RAM called the scatter gather map The scatter gather map translates addresses for out bound and inbound VMEbus transactions For outbound transactions the VIP chip maps a 512 MB region of PCI memory space to the VMEbus The outbound scatter gather map translates a maximum of 2K naturally aligned 256 KB pages within that 512 MB region to 256 KB of natu rally aligned pages on the VMEbus A32 A24 or A16 A PCI address is used as an index into the scatter gather map to give the corresponding VME address For inbound transactions the VIP chip maps naturally aligned 8 KB regions of VMEbus A32 and A24 address spaces to naturally aligned 8 KB regions of PCI address space memory or I O The inbound scatter gather map consists of two parts One part translates up to 2K pages 8 KB of VMEbus A24 address space to 8 KB pages of PCI address space The other part maps up to 16K pages 8 KB of VMEbus A32 address space to 8 KB pages of PCI address space An incoming VME address is used as the index to select the PCI address The scatter gather map may be accessed from the PCI bus written to or read from under VIP control Scatter gather entries also contain information to control inbound accesses and byte swapping The VIP chip contains a single entry scatter gather cache and a set of registers
35. but it comes closest to meeting the needs of the exer command Each time Using the Console 5 25 the exerciser calls the random number generator it returns a number from a speci fied range If the range of numbers is a power of two then each subsequent call to the random number generator is guaranteed to return a different number from the range until all possible numbers within the range have been chosen If the range of numbers is not a power of two the exerciser uses the console firmware s random number generator with an upper bound that is greater than the actual range size butis a power of two Then the exerciser uses the range size to perform a modulus operation on the number that the random number generator returns thereby ensur ing that a random number is generated within the random range size 5 9 3 5 Returning Error Codes On I O Failures If you want the exer command to return an error code immediately after a read write or comparison error set the environment variable D HARDERR to HALT If an error occurs and D HARDERR is set to CONTINUE or LOOP subsequent operations specified by the action string option can occur except for comparisons For example if a read error occurs a subsequent comparison is skipped since a read failure preceding a comparison guarantees that the comparison fails If subse quent block I O operations succeed comparisons of those blocks occur 5 10 Managing Memory The console interface includes comman
36. comput ers SBCs This part consists of the following chapters e Chapter 1 Specifications and Requirements e Chapter 2 Module Components e Chapter 3 Functional Components 1 Specifications and Requirements This chapter discusses specifications and requirements for the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 single board computers SBCs Specifically Sections 1 1 through 1 4 discuss e Product specifications Section 1 1 e Physical requirements Section 1 2 e Power requirements Section 1 3 e Environmental specifications and requirements Section 1 4 Section 1 5 discusses the product s regulatory compliance 1 1 Product Specifications Based on the 21164 Alpha microprocessor the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs run at 352 MHz and 480 MHz respectively Unofficially the 5 480 model achieves SPECint95 at 13 8 and SPECfp95 at 15 5 peak geometric means while model 5 352 achieves SPECint95 at 10 7 and SPECfp95 at 13 7 peak geometric means Other distinguishing features include improved cache and memory configurations The 2 MB of on board ECC protected Level 3 backup cache Bcache operates at 700 MB s You can populate four memory connectors with 16 to 512 MB of ECC protected dynamic random access memory DRAM The memory is autoconfig ured for a 128 or 256 bit data bus A 256 bit wide bus operates at 355 MB s and a 128 bit wide bus operates at 210 MB s Table 1 1 lists the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC specifi
37. dk all SCSI disks 8 gt gt gt show device mk Show SCSI tape drives mke0 0 0 4 0 MKEO TLZ04 gt gt gt Display all devices starting with mk all SCSI tapes 9 gt gt gt show hwrpb HWRPB is at 2000 display of the contents of HWRPB registers 6 70 Console Command Reference See Also gt gt gt Display the system s HWRPB address and register data 10 gt gt gt show led Display the current character being displayed on the LED panel 11 gt gt gt show led hex Display the contents of the LED register 12 gt gt gt boot halt gt gt gt show map pte 00001020 FW pte 00001028 FW pte 00001020 FW pte 00001028 FW pte 00001020 FW pte 00001028 FW pte 00001020 FW pte 00001028 FW gt gt gt V V FFFFFCO9024 FFFFFCO9024 FFFFFCO9 FFFFFCO9 FFFFFCOB FFFFFCOB FFFFFCOB FFFFFCOB 02C 02C 024 024 02C 02C 080 OAO 080 OAO 080 OAO 080 OAO 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Note 00000000 00000000 00 00 00 00 00 00 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 KR KR KR KR KR KR KR KR SR SR SR SR SR SR SR SR The map is empty after all console initialization To fill in the page table entries enter the boot command with the halt option set set led Console Command Reference FR FR FR
38. in 5 4 sorting contents of 5 4 6 75 Firmware updating 5 2 5 18 6 79 version of 5 8 Flash ROM 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 10 5 20 diagnostics B 1 See also Memory Floating point registers 5 20 Flow control 4 7 loops breaking 5 36 6 6 for reserved word 4 7 free command 5 2 5 27 6 36 Front panel 2 4 figure showing 2 5 LED checking while troubleshooting B 2 controlling 5 3 5 32 display 7 1 displaying a character on 6 64 Functional components 3 1 figure of 3 3 G General purpose registers 5 20 Graycode memory test 5 28 grep command 4 8 5 4 6 37 H Halt switch 2 4 2 5 4 2 Hard errors detection of 5 6 Hardware reset reason register 3 11 Hardware restart parameter block displaying the address of 5 2 hbeat diag 8 2 hbeat diag command 8 3 hd command 5 3 5 22 6 40 Heap 5 26 Heartbeat Timer Test 8 1 8 2 Help See help command Online help help command 4 3 6 41 Humidity relative nonoperating 1 5 operating 1 3 1 5 HWRPB 5 18 Index 8 VO access through P2 VMEbus connector 3 9 adding 2 9 failures 5 26 redirecting 4 9 I O module 2 1 2 2 2 3 checking the seating of B 2 configuration switch 3 4 2 connector on CPU module 2 3 on PMC I O companion card 2 10 pin assignments for C 1 CPU connector on 2 4 DIP Switch 2 3 10 layout 2 4 PMC I O companion card connector on 2 4 VMEbus connectors 2 4 I O subsystem 3 7 18254 diag command 8 2 8 4 8 5 18524 diag command 8 6
39. initializing heap initial heap 200c0 memory low limit 102000 heap 200c0 17fc0 initializing driver structures initializing idle process PID XDELTA not enabled initializing file system initializing timer data structures lowering IPL CPU 0 speed is 2 08 ns 481MHz create dead eater create poll create timer create powerup 128 Meg of system memory 2MB Bcache probing hose 0 PCI bus 0 slot 1 ewa DECdhip 21040 AA bus 0 slot 2 pka NCR 53C810 entering idle loop Skipping powerup tests AlphaVME 5 480 Common Console V1 0 0 built on Sep 24 1997 at 09 20 32 gt gt gt update update path noname target console new 1 0 0 Note Module DIP Switch 42 must be CLOSED to enable Updates 6 80 Console Command Reference FEPROM UPDATE UTILITY CAUTION EXECUTING THIS PROGRAM WILL CHANGE YOUR CURRENT ROM Do you really want to continue Y N y DO NOT ATTEMPT TO INTERRUPT PROGRAM EXECUTION DOING SO MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF OPERARBLE STATE The program will take at most several minutes Erasing the target flash device Erasure completed Programming Programming completed Verifying Update successfu Note Module DIP Switch 2 should be OPENED to disable Updates gt gt gt Console Command Reference 6 81 Part Ill Diagnostics Part III discusses the diagnostics for DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and
40. interval timer chip and surrounding external circuitry including latches programmable array logic PAL devices and printed circuit board module etch The intent of the tests is to verify that timers 0 1 and 2 can generate a CPU interrupt if properly enabled at the programmed frequency Since all three interval timers of the 8254 chip have dif ferent external configurations several tests are required for complete test cover age These tests require that you properly program both timer 0 and 1 and connect them externally for successful operation Timer 2 Terminal Count Test The Timer 2 Terminal Count Test exercises Timer 2 with timer interrupts enabled The gate input for Timer 2 is always enabled and the clock input is connected to a 10 MHz 100 ns period clock source Timer 2 is programmed to mode 0 interrupt on terminal count After the timer is initially programmed to mode 0 and loaded with a count value the OUT output is low and remains low until the internal count value reaches zero When the count value reaches zero OUT output is asserted high and remains high until Timer 2 is reprogrammed The event of OUT transitioning from low to high should generate a CPU interrupt The interrupt service routine ISR invoked due to the timer generated interrupt sets a global flag indicating the interrupt took place and that software was dis patched to the correct point Console Comman i8254 diag t 1 Miscellaneous Notes e The
41. listens to the line that carries its own transmissions and returns them to the receive ring in main memory Received packets not identified as test packets are discarded for the duration of the test Note To run the external loopback test you must use a 10baseT loopback con nector H4082 A A The external loopback test does not run if the device is connected to an open network This test checks the following logic respectively e The devices internal logic up to but not including the Ethernet transmission logic e The on chip transmit receive circuitry and the passive external components that connect to the twisted pair interface Console Command e For internal loopback niil diag t 1 e For external loopback niil diag t 2 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass DECchip 21040 PCI Configuration Register Dump The DECchip 21040 PCI Configuration Register Dump Test reads the PCI con figuration registers of the DECchip 21040 and prints them to the standard output Console Command nicsr diag t 1 DECchip 21040 Control Status Register Dump The DECchip 21040 Control Status Register CSR Dump Test reads the CSRs of the DECchip 21040 and prints them to standard output Console Command nicsr diag t 2 Console Mode Diagnostics 8 9 DECchip 21040 Configuration Register Test The DECchip 21040 Configuration Register Test performs write and read opera tions on the chip s configuration regi
42. lists the types of operations you can perform by using the console commands Table 5 1 Summary of Console Operations Operation Command Managing Environment Variables Set the value of an environment variable set Set all environment variables to their default values init ev Delete an environment variable from the system s name space clear Using the Console 5 1 5 2 Table 5 1 Summary of Console Operations Continued Operation Command Booting the System Boot the system boot Managing the TOY Clock Set or display the date and time stored in the TOY clock date Disable the TOY clock s internal oscillator set toy sleep Getting System Information Display the value of a specified environment variable show Display the system configuration Display the devices and controllers in the system show config show device Display the address of the Alpha hardware restart parameter block show hwrpb HWRPB Display the character illuminated on the LED show led Display a map of the system s virtual memory show map Updating Firmware Update firmware in the system s flash ROMs update Examining and Depositing Data Write data to a specified memory location register device orfile deposit Display the contents of a memory location register device or file examine Managing the Console Devices and the CPU Initialize the a device or the CPU init Stop the CPU or system devices stop S
43. loop The console firmware exits the current shell with a status or returns the status of the last command Syntax break break level Argument break level Specifies the status code to be returned by the shell Example gt gt gt for i in 1 2 345 do echo i break done 1 gt gt gt 6 6 Console Command Reference cat copy files Syntax Arguments file Options l length Examples See Also Copies specified files to standard output You also can use this command to copy or append one file to another by specifying I O redirection cat length file Specifies the names of one or more input files to be copied If you do not specify a file on the command line the command copies standard input to standard output Copy the specified number of bytes of each input file Specify the length as a dec imal value gt gt gt echo gt foo this is a test gt gt gt cat foo this is a test gt gt gt Creates the file foo with the echo command and then uses the cat com mand to send the contents of the file to the standard output gt gt gt cat 1 6 foo this i gt gt gt Sends the first six bytes of the file foo to the standard output echo Is rm Console Command Reference 6 7 chmod change file attributes Syntax Arguments file Options Examples Changes the attributes of files or inodes This command provides a subset of the capabilities of th
44. packet Do not define or specify an image to be booted Just execute the boot com mand as follows gt gt gt boot ewa0 With this method because none of the environment variables are defined the boot process runs through both the BOOTP and TFIP stages of an Internet network boot see Section 5 3 4 1 Any server that receives the boot request replies Note In the client server paradigm the way the firmware acts is affected by the software running on the server Thus the format of the file specification used with TFTP depends on the server For example if you are booting from a UNIX server you must specify a complete pathname See your operating system documentation for details about your server software Using the Console 5 15 5 3 5 Invoking the Console as Soon as the Boot Image is Loaded Normally when you boot an image that image takes control of the system as soon as the image is loaded and the associated page tables and other data structures are set up If you have a need to interact with the system after booting for example to debug the system or change environment variable settings use the boot com mand s halt option This option forces the boot code to invoke the console pro gram once the boot image is loaded and all associated page tables and data structures are set up Note The halt option does not shut down console device drivers 5 4 Using TFTP to Read Files Across the Network In additio
45. set any AUTO ACTION environment variables the console prompt gt gt gt appears on the console terminal and a rotating bar appears on the dot matrix display Troubleshooting B 1 B 3 Troubleshooting Systems that Include a PMC I O Companion Card A problem in the PMC I O companion card that hangs the PCI bus signal lines could cause diagnostics to report problems throughout the I O subsystem and in the PCI controller of the processor chip If you have a PMC I O companion card installed and you are experiencing diagnostic failures remove it and rerun the POST diagnostics B 4 Operating System and Application Use of the Dot Matrix Display Operating system and application software can use the dot matrix display Once the system boots the dot matrix display is no longer under control of the console code and can change The console automatically clears the display before booting an image B 5 Troubleshooting Your SBC B 2 Table B 1 lists symptoms and corrective actions you can use to troubleshoot Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs See the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers User Manual for more information on system diag nostics Table B 1 Troubleshooting Your SBC Symptom Corrective Action No LEDs are lit and a prompt does not appear on the console The green LED is lit and the number 4 appears on the dot matrix display when you power on the system The green LED is lit and the
46. tem s e Interrupt controllers e Flash ROM e TOY clock e Watchdog timer e NVRAM e Interval timer e Keyboard and mouse controller e Super I O chip 3 9 1 Interrupt Controllers Most interrupts on Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs are routed through the fol lowing interrupt controllers e Xilinx interrupt controller e VIC64 chip system interrupt controller e SIO chip 82378ZB programmable interrupt controller The Xilinx interrupt controller handles CPU interrupts This controller consists of four interrupt mask registers that generate CPU interrupt request signals Functional Components 3 9 The VIC64 chip interrupt controller handles VMEbus interrupts It controls two external system interrupt sources DC7407 status and DC7407 errors Each of these sources has an associated interrupt control register ICR that allows the interrupt to be programmed with an interrupt priority level IPL or disabled Use of the VIC64 chip in Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs as an interrupt con troller is modified slightly by the operation of the DC7407 the SIO chip and the interrupt mask registers The SIO chip interrupt controller delivers interrupts from the mouse keyboard and Super I O chip 37C665 to the interrupt mask register For more information about the interrupt controllers and the handling of system interrupts see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Comput ers Technical Reference 3 9 2 Flash ROM The Alp
47. the grep command is line oriented it works only on ASCII files Syntax grep c i n v expression f file file Arguments expression Console Command Reference 6 37 Specifies the regular expression for which to search If the expression includes any of the metacharacters listed in the following table enclose the expression within quotes to avoid interpretation by the shell Metacharacter Description Matches the beginning of a line Matches the end of a line Matches any single character Matches a specified set of characters for example ABC matches A or B or C The following rules also apply for these sets A dash other than the first or last character denotes a range of characters A Z matches any uppercase letter If the first character of the set is then the sense of match is reversed 0 9 matches any non digit You must precede the backslash right square bracket 1 dash and circumflex characters with a back slash if they occur in a set Matches repeatedly When you place an asterisk after a pat tern the asterisk indicates that the pattern should match any num ber of times For example a z 0 9 matches a lowercase letter followed by zero or more digits Matches repeatedly When you place a plus sign after a pat tern the plus sign indicates that the pattern should match one or more times For example 0 9 matches an
48. the new image in the FEPROMsSs otherwise the previous console image executes out of mem ory Be sure to disable FEPROM writing after completing the update process by setting switch 2 back to the open position For more information about updating firmware see Section 5 7 Syntax update file filename protocol transport device source device target target device Options file filename Update the FEPROM with the specified image protocol transport Use the specified source transport protocol Valid protocols are MOP and TFTP See Section 5 4 for more information on using the TFTP protocol to read files across the network Console Command Reference 6 79 device source device Load the new FEPROM update image from the specified device Currently the only valid device is EWAO target target device Example Use the specified target device for the upgrade operation Valid target devices are CONSOLE and USERFLASH gt gt gt boot fi alphavme5 vl 0 prot mop ewa0 boot ewa0 0 0 1 0 file alphavme5 v1 O0 flags 0 Trying MOP boot Network load complete Host name oemert Host address aa 00 04 00 56 4b bootstrap code read in base 1c2000 image start 0 image bytes db000 initializing HWRPB at 2000 initializing page table at 154000 initializing machine state setting affinity to the primary CPU jumping to bootstrap code starting console on CPU 0 initialized idle PCB initializing semaphores
49. write read test NVRAM unique address test NVRAM march test Bit pattern test on TOY clock register Time keeper test MBLT write read test Prints command status registers Register read write test Chip reset test Internal loopback test External loopback test SCSI interrupt test drives must be removed Verifies heartbeat frequency 1024 Hz Timer 2 interrupt test Data line test with Timer 2 P2 connector test using Timers 0 1 and 2 Master slave timer test Timer 2 noninterrupt test Periodic real time test using VIC64 chip Timer interrupt test Displays LAN address ROM LAN address ROM test 8 2 Console Mode Diagnostics Heartbeat Timer Test The Heartbeat Timer Diagnostic Test verifies that a heartbeat interrupt is gener ated at the correct interval 1024 Hz and is properly dismissed by way of the module clear heartbeat register This test checks for the following logic e Heartbeat timer and interrupt delivery mechanism e Module clear heartbeat register Heartbeat Timer Test Console Command hbeat diag t 1 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass Miscellaneous Notes e This is a POST diagnostic e The test expects timer interrupts to be enabled If they are not enabled an interrupt count of zero results Youcannot run this test concurrently with other tests Console Mode Diagnostics 8 3 Interval Timer Tests The Interval Timer Tests test the functionality of the 8254
50. 0 2B 19 60 31 ezb0 0 0 7 0 EZBO 08 00 2B 1A 2C 06 p a0 7 0 0 0 Bus ID 7 p c0 7 0 2 0 Bus ID 7 pkb0 7 0 1 0 PKBO SCSI Bus ID 7 pke0 7 0 4 0 PKEO SCSI Bus ID 7 5 7 Updating Firmware 5 18 During the life of your SBC you may receive one or more update kits for loading new firmware into the flash ROMs FEPROMs The documentation provided in the firmware update kit will guide you through the update procedure A summary of the procedure follows 1 Close DIP switch 2 on the I O module to allow the update image to write to the FEPROM 2 Issue the boot command 3 Issue the update command The update command loads the FEPROM update image from a specified device into system memory Once the image is loaded the console prompts for confirmation for the update to continue Using the Console 4 Respond to the confirmation prompt If you respond with No the update process terminates If you respond with Yes the update image erases programs and verifies the target FEPROMs Note Once you commit to the update at this point you must not interrupt pro gram execution Doing so may result in the SBC being placed in an inop erable state The update image verifies each byte of the FEPROM Each step provides for a certain number of retries to perform the operation successfully on a particular byte of the EPROM If a failure occurs during any of the steps the console displays an error message 5 Reset or power the syste
51. 0 6576 2072 616C 797A 6420 676F 69 63 6B 20 62 72 6P 77 6E 6D 70 65 64 20 6F 76 65 72 7A 79 20 64 6F 67 69 63 6B 20 62 72 6P 77 6E 6D 70 65 64 20 6F 76 65 72 7A 79 20 64 6F 67 63697571 7262206B 206E776F 706D756A 6F206465 797A616C 676F 6420 20726576 00000000 6369757120656874 00000010 706D756A20786F66 00000020 797A616C20656874 gt gt gt Console Command Reference 206E776F7262206B 207265766F206465 00000000676F 6420 20 20 20 20 Fh ct Fh ct ct Fh ct ct ne OX ne ne OX ne ne OX ne the quick fox the the fox the quick quick quick jumped lazy dog quick jumped lazy dog brown jumped over lazy dog brown jumped over lazy dog brown jumped over lazy dog gt foo help display help on commands Syntax Arguments Displays the syntax for Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console firmware com mands If you do not specify a command the help command displays information about itself and lists the commands for which additional information is available The following conventions are used for the command syntax that the help com mand displays Convention Description lt item gt Angle brackets denote an item for which you must specify a value lt item gt Square brackets enclose optional arguments options or values a b c Braces enclosing items separated by commas indicate mutually exc
52. 00000 001244e0 6 O ffffffff O0 pua receive waiting on pua receive 00000009 00147460 5 0 f 0 lad poll waiting on tge 00000008 00148f00 5 0 f 0 dup poll waiting on tge 00000007 0014a9a0 5 0 f 0 mscp poll waiting on tge 00000006 0014e1a0 5 0 0 entry 00 waiting on entry 00 00000004 00151660 2 0 f 0 dead eater waiting on dead pcb 00000003 00153140 7 11759330 f 0 timer waiting on timer 00000002 00158740 6 0 f 0 tt control waiting on tt control 00000001 0005cfd8 0 0 00000001 0 idle ready gt gt gt See Also sa sp 6 56 Console Command Reference pwrup run power on diagnostics Runs the power on diagnostics script The pwrup command initializes network environment variables and runs diagnostic tests Syntax pwrup Example gt gt gt pwrup Runs the power on script Console Command Reference 6 57 rm remove file Syntax Arguments file Example See Also Removes specified files from the file system Allocated memory associated with the removed files is returned to memory heap rm file Specifies the files to be removed gt gt gt ls foo foo gt gt gt rm foo gt gt gt ls foo foo no such file gt gt gt List file foo to show that it exists remove the file and then try to list the file again to show that it is gone cat Is 6 58 Console Command Reference sa set process affinity Syntax Arguments Change the affinity mask of a process The affinity mask specif
53. 2 MHz The CPU module interfaces with the I O module through a 32 bit PCI bus As Figure 3 1 shows the I O module provides a e PCI to VME64 bridge DC7407 VIP and VIC64 which provides an inter face to the VMEbus e PCI to SCSI controller 53C810 which provides an interface to SCSI devices e PCI to Ethernet controller 21040 which provides a network interface e PCI to Nbus bridge 82378ZB which provides access to the system s 8 bit Nbus and includes interrupt controller and interval timer support e PCI 32 interface to an optional PMC I O companion card The I O module s Nbus is a resource bus that is based on the ISA bus The Nbus handles the read and write cycles for the following 4M of flash ROM e Super I O chip FDC37C6656T resources which include console and paral lel ports and a diskette drive TOY clock watchdog timer and NVRAM chip DS1386 resources e Keyboard and mouse controller 82C42PE The I O module interfaces to an optional PMC I O companion card through the 32 bit PCI bus The PMC I O companion card uses a DEC 21052 PCI to PCI bridge to provide access to two PMC option slots This optional card also provides keyboard mouse and diskette drive connectors Functional Components Figure 3 1 Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Functional Components Memory Data ECC 256 or 128 Bits 21172 BA System Bus Data ECC Tag 128
54. 3 Victim eject test 4 9 Use the specified group Currently the only group supported is MFG se Use a soft error threshold Examples 1 gt gt gt memtest sa 200000 1 1000 Test memory starting at address 0x200000 sa for 0x 1000 bytes I 2 gt gt gt memtest sa 200000 1 1000 f Test memory starting at address 0x200000 for 0x1000 bytes using fast mode Fast mode eliminates data verification 3 gt gt gt memtest sa 300000 p 10 Write a default block size of 8192 bytes starting at address 0x300000 for 10 passes p 4 gt gt gt memtest f mb Test memory in arbitrary 8192 byte blocks without data verification After each read and write operation execute a memory barrier MB instruction 5 gt gt gt memtest sa 200000 ea 400000 rb Test memory starting at address 0x200000 and ending at address Ox3fffff Randomly allocate every block within this range Console Command Reference 6 51 Note The memtest command does not generate an error with the rb option if a block within the range cannot be allocated 6 gt gt gt memtest h rb bs 100 Test the console heap by randomly allocating memory in blocks of size 0x100 bytes 7 gt gt gt memtest rb p 0 Test memory across all of the memory zone all memory excluding the HWRPB the PAL area the console and the console heap The test runs in the foreground until you enter Ctrl C See Also memexer 6 52 Console Command Refer
55. 4 Specifying Other Test Options Other memory test options are available for Requesting that all specified memory be allocated and tested randomly Timing the memory tests Requesting that the tests use the specified memory without an allocation Allocating memory to be tested from the firmware heap Using a memory barrier after each memory access to serialize access to the memory Specifying a group name Specifying a soft error threshold 5 10 6 5 Running Multiple Memory Tests You can start multiple memory tests running in the background by using the memexer command Issue this command with an integer value indicating the number of test processes you want to start 5 11 Performing Network Operations The console interface s net command provides a way of initiating basic mainte nance operations protocol MOP operations for a specified network port The default port is ewa0 By using various command options you can Display the status of the network port including the values of MOP counters Display the network port s Ethernet station address Reinitialize port drivers Initialize MOP counters Send a MOP request ID to a specified node Send an Ethernet loopback to a specified node Request a MOP loopback and specify the number of seconds to wait for the loopback messages Send a reboot request to a remote boot node Display the values of Ethernet port CSRs Enable and disable the extended design verification test DVT loop servi
56. 5 Network interface Internet address of 5 13 Network port 5 31 Network protocol 5 8 Networking 5 2 5 31 6 53 features 1 2 interconnect for 1 2 nicsr diag command 8 1 8 9 8 10 niil diag command 8 1 8 9 Nonvolatile RAM See NVRAM NVRAM 1 2 1 4 2 1 3 2 3 11 5 20 checking the seating of B 2 location of 2 4 See also Memory verification of 7 4 NVRAM Address On Address Test 8 11 NVRAM March I Test 8 11 NVRAM Test 8 2 O Online help 4 3 controlling the display of 4 4 displaying 4 3 6 41 6 47 for multiple commands 4 3 Operating systems 1 3 use of dot matrix display with B 2 operator 4 7 Operator presence 5 6 Operators console command 4 6 eval command 5 33 Options command 4 5 Output command appending 4 6 disregarding 4 5 filtering 4 8 resuming 4 5 writing 4 6 Output standard copying files to 6 7 writing to 5 4 P P1 VMEbus connector CPU module 2 3 I O module 2 4 pin assignments for C 1 PMC I O companion card 2 10 P2 VMEbus connector CPU module 2 3 I O module 2 4 pin assignments for C 2 PMC I O companion card 2 10 Packaging weight 1 5 PAL environment variable 5 8 temporary register set 5 20 PAL devices testing 8 4 PALcode 3 3 5 8 Parallel port 2 1 2 9 3 13 connector 2 8 pin assignments for C 8 Parameters console device 4 1 Patterns specifying 4 7 Patterns specifying text 4 7 PCI bus 3 7 clock 3 9 PCI configuration spac
57. 5 3 5 36 6 60 Sense amplifier logic testing 7 5 Seria ports 3 13 Serial ports 1 2 2 1 2 4 setting parameters for 4 1 Serial line interface 1 2 set command 5 1 5 9 6 61 set led command 5 3 5 32 6 64 set reboot srom command 5 3 5 32 6 65 set toy sleep command 5 2 5 17 6 66 sh command 5 3 5 34 6 67 Shell process creating 5 3 6 67 exiting 5 3 6 34 Shock specification 1 5 show command 5 2 5 9 5 18 6 69 show LED command 5 3 show led command 5 32 show log command 5 3 show map command 5 27 show log command 5 33 6 72 Signaling level jumper 2 10 Signals external timing signals 2 7 SCSI termination signal 2 7 watchdog reset signal 2 7 watchdog timeout signal 2 7 Single bit errors 2 6 SIO chip 3 9 sleep command 5 3 5 36 6 74 Slots backplane 1 3 2 9 Soft errors detection of 5 6 Sort command 5 4 6 75 Sp command 5 3 5 35 6 76 Specifications 1 1 environmental 1 3 1 5 power 1 3 VME 1 2 SPECmarks 1 1 SRAMs 3 2 SROM 3 7 diagnostics B 1 location of 2 3 SROM initialization 7 1 SROM Mini Console debug jumper for 2 4 setting reboot to 5 3 5 32 6 65 Stack pointer 5 23 Standard output copying files to 6 7 Standby connection 5 V 3 11 Start command 5 2 5 24 6 77 Status display 2 3 2 5 Sticky device 5 19 Stop command 5 2 5 24 6 78 Storage specification 1 5 Super I O chip 1 2 3 2 3 13 Switches Halt and Reset 2 4 Halt and Reset switch 2 5 4 2 I O mod
58. 5 31 testing 5 2 5 27 6 49 tests running multiple 5 31 verification of 7 5 victim eject test 5 30 virtual 5 20 displaying a map of 5 2 mapping of 5 18 writing data to 6 14 Memory Exerciser Test 8 1 memtest command 5 2 5 28 6 49 8 1 Memzone 5 24 Message packets retransmission of 5 14 Microprocessor See 21164 Alpha microprocessor Mini Console See SROM Mini Console MODE environment variable 5 8 dependence of diagnostic test on 7 5 Modules 2 1 as system components 2 1 checking the seating of B 2 clear heartbeat register testing 8 3 CPU module 2 2 figure of 2 2 I O module 2 3 memory modules 2 5 PMC I O companion card 2 9 primary breakout module 1 4 2 7 secondary breakout module 2 8 MOPSee Maintenance operations protocol MOP more command 4 4 Mouse 2 1 connector 2 8 2 10 pin assignments for C 7 C 17 controller 3 2 3 13 jumper 2 9 N Nbus 2 1 3 2 3 9 NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O Processor Tests 8 16 ncr810 command 8 2 NCR810 Command Status Register Dump 8 16 NCR810 Command Status Register Reset Value Test 8 17 NCR810 Command Status Register Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Live Bus Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Interrupt Test 8 17 Index 10 NCR810 PCI Configuration Register Test 8 16 ncr810_diag command 8 16 8 17 net command 5 3 5 31 6 53 Network address ROM checking the seating of B 2 Network booting 5 11 5 1
59. 50 mA 0 36 V 5 VSTDBY 0 25 V 50 mV 25 mA 50 mA 25 mA 50 mA 0 125V 12 V 0 36 V 50 mV 150 mA 250 mA 150 mA 250 mA 0 60V The peak current shown in Table 1 2 assumes an Alpha VME 5 480 SBC is popu lated with 512 MB of DRAM 1 4 Specifications and Requirements Warning The 5 V tolerance and ripple specifications shown in Table 1 2 must be met when supplying the peak current specified If they are not met unde fined operation will result 1 4 Environmental Specifications and Requirements DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs require a VME chassis with sufficient cooling Section 1 4 1 lists the environmental specifica tions for the SBCs Section 1 4 2 explains cooling requirements 1 4 1 Environmental Specifications Table 1 3 shows the environmental specifications for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs Table 1 3 Environmental Specifications Condition Range or Value Operating Temperature range Relative humidity Altitude Maximum wet bulb Minimum dew point Vibration Shock Meantime between failures 5 480 Meantime between failures 5 352 0 C 32 F to 50 C 122 F 5 to 9096 noncondensing 6 000 feet maximum 28 C 82 F 2 C 36 F 5 to 500 Hz 0 1 g 3 axis 11 ms 10 g 3 axis 250 000 hours at 25 C 300 000 hours at 25 C Nonoperating Temperature range Storage shipping Relative humidity Packaging weight Maximum wet bulb Vibra
60. 8 7 8 8 Icache 3 4 ID requests 6 53 if reserved word 4 7 in reserved word 4 7 Indicators front panel 2 4 figure showing 2 5 init command 5 2 5 24 init ev command 5 9 6 42 init ev command 5 1 Initialization system 7 2 initialize command 6 43 Inodes listing 5 3 Input command controlling radix of 4 7 reading 4 6 redirecting 4 6 Instruction cache Icache 3 4 Insulation strip caterpillar 2 4 Internal processor registers 5 20 Internet Address Resolution Protocol ARP 5 6 addresses 5 13 saving in an environment variable 5 16 Boot Protocol BOOTP 5 6 database 5 7 defining fields of 5 12 initialization 5 13 protocols 5 11 subnet mask 5 13 Internet Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP 5 8 Interrupt controllers 3 9 Interrupt delivery mechanism testing 8 3 Interval timer 3 12 Interval timer chip testing 8 4 Interval Timer Tests 8 2 8 4 J J11 bus grant pass through jumper 2 3 Jumpers debug jumper 2 4 J11 bus grant pass through jumper 2 3 keyboard and mouse jumper 2 9 primary breakout module jumper 2 7 SCSI termination and watchdog reset signal jumpers 2 7 signaling level jumper 2 10 SROM Mini Console debug jumper for 2 4 K Keyboard 2 1 connector 2 8 2 10 pin assignments for C 7 C 17 controller 3 2 3 13 jumper 2 9 Keys special console 4 5 kill command 5 3 5 36 6 44 L LAN Address ROM Dump Test 8 14 LAN Address ROM Tests 8 14 LAN Address ROM Verifica
61. 80 SBC or both For information on primary breakout module jumper settings see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Installation Guide 2 7 Secondary Breakout Module The secondary breakout module is an optional module that connects to the pri mary breakout module Connectors on the secondary breakout module include a PS 2 keyboard and mouse Y cable connector and a parallel port connector The primary use of this module is to add a serial line keyboard and mouse connector and parallel port to the rear of the VME chassis Figure 2 7 shows the secondary breakout module Figure 2 7 Secondary Breakout Module ML013785 The numeric callouts in the figure identify the following key components 1 PS 2 keyboard and mouse connector 2 8 Module Components 2 PS 2keyboard and mouse Y cable supplied in PMC I O companion card kits EBVIP 3 Keyboard and mouse jumper 4 Parallel port Note The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs support a PS 2 type 101 compat ible keyboard and mouse 2 8 PMC I O Companion Card The PMC I O companion card is an optional third tier module that plugs into a connector on the I O module Using the PMC I O companion card you can expand your SBC s I O capabilities by adding interfaces such as a second Ether net interface or a graphics card Primary components on the companion card include connectors for two PMC options a PCI to PCI bridge chip keyboard and mouse connec
62. Bits Data Path 4 chips Main Memory 2 or 4 8to 128 MB 21172 CA ENNS System Bus Address Tag Dirty Tag_Ctl Memory Controller and I O Interface Control 32 MHz PCI Bus 64 Bits Sipe vo oat FDC37C6656T men Console and _Console Parallel Ports Parallel Port Nbus 8 Bits 82C42PE i Keyboard i and Mouse i Controller 32 KB NVRAM PCI Bus 32 Bits iS BAS eee euim um mm m EL m EG VIP VIC64 53C510 DEC21040 DEC21052 PCI to VME SCSI Ethernet PCLto PCI aoe vo Bridge Controller Controller en VMEbus SCSI Ethernet BE Uses system lack 32 MHZ 1 0 eel mt a a Sros ML014166 3 2 21164 Alpha Microprocessor The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs are based on the 21164 Alpha micropro cessor which is a superscalar pipelined processor manufactured using 0 35 um CMOS technology It is packaged in a 499 pin IPGA carrier The 21164 microprocessor can issue four Alpha instructions in a single cycle thereby minimizing the average cycles per instruction CPI A number of low latency and or high throughput features in the instruction issue unit and the onchip components of the memory subsystem further reduce the average CPI The 21164 microprocessor and associated PALcode implements IEEE single pre cision and double precision VAX F floating and G floating data types and sup ports longword 32 bit and quadword 64 bit integers Byte 8 bit and word
63. CT Interface us ce Ee EUROPE ev A Ee QULA RR RR 3 7 Ethernet Controller 8a e eut ee et Nine a xen SE DET 3 8 SCSI Controller 5er ee a D ER EN ERE ehh es 3 8 PMC I O Companion Card 2 0 0 0 e 3 9 Nbus Interface ei lw d RERO PRG Me REA Ec end 3 9 Int rrupt Controllers err ae tes A e Y EDGE eens Se ee 3 9 Flash ROM es EB eh aeons ob gh dece ur eh 3 10 TOY ClO CK 2 cone neigh tesa E RECS eh a EA RP ee pe eee 3 10 Watchdog Timer ssh ie AR Roe nk ie watch gi ates 3 11 NVRAM coe 22 o RES ed ants ERR eb Ga equi WE apc ee ee Cle eee 3 11 Interval Timer ce 2 vee dike lewis etie REA aie aes 3 12 Keyboard and Mouse Controller lees 3 13 Super I O Chip o hee ates apie I D Lt m a eck E hp 3 13 VME Interface c creer DEG sa Se edad Digs QR UR DA RA DRE Ug 3 13 WIR CHIP a a ese eet ce E raten RO Secs 3 14 VIC64 and CY 7C964 Chips cele REI RED REESE m eR RR 3 15 Address Mapping and the Scatter Gather Map eese eee 3 15 Part Il The Console 4 Console Basics Setting Up the Console for Use ssc eruere setne cece eee 4 1 Console Features si dish wie epe ELE E Eis es been 4 2 Entering Console Modes csecsen mrene enn ee ae a E E eee eee E 4 2 Exiting Console Mod 5 er e peade a e aeaa ep bb ped 4 3 Online Help 2 2 ee E EE E E ORA Rt e ERR 4 3 Displaying Online Helpot RR 2 2 22 ERASE AAG na 4 3 Displaying Online Help for Multiple Commands liis 4 3 Controlling the Displ
64. D When using set led you specify the character you want displayed You can also indicate that the character be displayed in bright mode by specifying the b option By default characters are displayed in dim mode 5 14 Running the Power On Diagnostics Script 5 32 You can start the system s power on self test POST diagnostics from the console by entering the pwrup command This command initializes the network environ ment variables runs memory tests and executes the contents of the NVRAM script For more information about the POST diagnostics see Chapter 8 Using the Console 5 15 Managing the Console Error Log The console firmware logs console errors in an area of NVRAM Using console commands you can display the contents of and initialize the log 5 15 1 Displaying the Contents of the Console Error Log To display the contents of the console error log use the show log command Options allow you to control whether the command displays information about a specified number of most recent errors n all errors all or new new errors The command displays the following types of information associated with each error e Date and time of the error e The diagnostic that was running at the time of the error e The pass count e The test number e The failing point Error message text 5 15 2 Initializing the Console Error Log At any time you can clear and initialize the console error log by issuing the clear
65. DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers User Manual Order Number EK VME54 UM A01 This manual provides an introduction to the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 single board computers SBCs explains how to use the console firmware and dis cusses diagnostics and troubleshooting Revision Update Information This is a new manual Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard Massachusetts First Printing October 1997 FCC Notice This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Warning This is a Class A product In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures Achtung Dieses ist ein Ger t der Funkst rgrenzwertklasse A In Wohnbereichen k nnen bei Betrieb dieses Ger tes Rundfunkst rungenauftreten in welchen F llen der Benutzer f r ent
66. Each iteration reads the entire 32 KB for background pattern of OxFF If you set the quick verify option default only the first location of each page is tested The no quick verify option nqv tests every location 32 KB of the NVRAM Note The contents of the NVRAM are overwritten by this diagnostic test and restored on test completion If the SBC is reset during this test the NVRAM contents are undefined Console Command ds1386 diag t 3 Command Options e dd Print detailed test information on each pass e nqv Test every location in NVRAM The default is to test one location per page Miscellaneous Notes This diagnostic is an extended test TOY Clock Bitwalk Test 8 12 The TOY Clock Bitwalk Test does a walking 1 walking 0 and A5 on the TOY clock registers It also tests the rollover cases associated with keeping time The watchdog reset enable bit in the module control register is set to zero to ensure that a watchdog expiration does not cause a hardware reset to occur Sec ondly the contents of the command register is saved and the transfer enable bit is set to 0 to disable updates to the registers while the diagnostic is in progress Console Mode Diagnostics The diagnostic bit patterns are then walked through all 14 registers Next the sec onds minutes hours day month and year registers are programmed such that the next clock tick rolls over for each of these parameters The updates to the reg
67. I AD3 BPCI AD2 59 60 BPCI ADI BPCI ADO 61 62 VCC Ground 63 64 SVIO Table C 12 PMC Option 2 J22 Pin Assignments Signal Pin Pin Signal PWRP12 1 2 Ground SVIO 3 4 N C SVIO 5 6 Ground Ground 7 8 N C N C 9 10 N C VCC 11 12 3V S_RST_L 13 14 Ground 3V 15 16 Ground N C 17 18 Ground BPCI_AD30 19 20 BPCI_AD29 Ground 21 22 BPCI_AD26 BPCI_AD24 23 24 3V BPCI_AD17 25 26 BPCI_AD23 3V 27 28 BPCI_AD20 BPCI_AD18 29 30 Ground BPCI_AD16 31 32 BPCI_CBE2_L Ground 33 34 N C Module Connector Pin Assignments Table C 12 PMC Option 2 J22 Pin Assignments Continued Signal Pin Pin Signal BPCI TRDY L 35 36 3V Ground 37 38 BPCI_STOP_L BPCI_PERR_L 39 40 Ground 3V 41 42 BPCI_SERR_L BPCI_CBE1_L 43 44 Ground BPCI_AD14 45 46 BPCI_AD13 Ground 47 48 BPCI_AD10 BPCI_AD8 49 50 3V BPCI_AD7 51 52 N C 3V 53 54 N C N C 55 56 Ground N C 57 58 N C Ground 59 60 N C SVIO 61 62 3V Ground 63 64 N C C 5 3 PMC I O Companion Card Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments Table C 13 lists the pin assignments for the PMC I O companion card diskette drive connector Figure C 9 shows a pin assignment diagram for the connector Table C 13 PMC I O Companion Card Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assign ments Pin Signal jean Ground DENSEL Ground No connection Ground DRATEO_L Ground INDEX_L Ground MTRO_L Ground DS1_L Co oo ND tA A t WN e n D m oO Module Connector Pin Assignments C 15 Table C 13 PMC I O Companion
68. L N C EXT RESET L 11 SCSI BSY L N C TMR2 EXT OP L 12 SCSI ACK L Ground TMR1I EXT OP L 13 SCSI RST L VCC TMR_MINOR_IP_L 14 SCSI MSG L N C TRM MAJOR IP L 15 SCSI SEL L N C Ground 16 SCSI CDL N C PP STB L 17 SCSI REQ L N C PP ERR L 18 SCSI IO L N C PP DATAO 19 Ground N C PP DATAI 20 Ground N C PP DATA2 21 Ground N C PP DATA3 22 Ground Ground PP DATA4 23 VME MASTER SW L N C PP DATAS 24 VCC N C PP_DATA6 25 VCC N C PP_DATA7 26 VCC N C PP_SLCT 27 VCC N C PP_PE 28 Ground N C PP_BUSY 29 Ground N C PP_ACK_L Module Connector Pin Assignments C 5 Table C 5 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments Continued Pin Row A Row B Row C 30 Ground N C PP AFD L 31 VCC Ground PP INIT L 32 VCC VCC PP_SLIN_L Figure C 3 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments Side 1 Side 2 MLO 013551 C 4 Secondary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 4 shows the layout of the pin assignments for the secondary breakout module Note the positions of the J1 keyboard and mouse and J6 parallel port connectors C 6 Module Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 4 Secondary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments J2 EIER RER ee eae TER TE d 14 26 pes fp eee re Ji 24 24 1 i lee HER E 1313 KB PD rs ode
69. Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Interrupt Test 8 17 NCR810 PCI Configuration Register Test 8 16 NVRAM Address On Address Test 8 11 NVRAM March I Test 8 11 NVRAM Test 8 2 random memory test 5 30 running cleanup code after 5 6 Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 2 SCSI Device Tests 8 2 Timer 0 Loopback Test 8 6 Timer 1 Interrupt Test 8 8 Timer 2 Interrupt Test 8 7 Timer 2 Square Wave Test 8 4 Timer 2 Terminal Count Test 8 4 TOY Clock Bitwalk Test 8 12 TOY Clock Register Tests 8 2 TOY Clock Time Advancement Test 8 13 VIC Register Write Read Test 8 20 VIC64 Register Write Read Test 8 2 victim eject memory test 5 30 VIP PCI Configuration Register Test 8 2 8 20 VIP Register Write Read Test 8 2 8 20 VME Interface Tests 8 2 8 20 VME Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 20 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test 8 19 Index 14 Watchdog Timer Test 8 2 Text displaying on console 6 21 reading a line of 6 45 writing to standard output 5 4 TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol 5 8 5 12 5 13 using to read files across the network 5 16 TGA SYNC GREEN environment variable 5 8 then reserved word 4 7 Thermal control 1 6 Third level cache See Bcache Time changing 6 13 displaying 5 2 5 17 setting 5 2 5 17 specification 5 17 Time of year clock See TOY clock Timer 0 Loopback Test 8 6 Timer 1 Interrupt Test 8 8 Timer 2 exercising 8 4 Timer 2 Interrupt Test 8 7 Timer 2 Square Wave
70. M Diagnostic verifies the SBC s NVRAM It performs a data integrity test through power cycles and performs write read and comparison operations on specific NVRAM locations used for diagnostics This diagnostic also checks for uninitialized NVRAM by comparing the stored checksum with the calculated checksum Description This test executes at the beginning of console boot before the console drivers and devices have been initialized Test Name None executes when the power is turned on 7 4 Diagnostics and System Initialization POST Memory Diagnostic The POST Memory Diagnostic verifies system memory It runs with ECC enabled If the test detects a memory error that cannot be corrected with ECC it logs the error in the error logging area of NVRAM Description The POST Memory Diagnostic executes at the beginning of console boot before the console drivers and devices have been initialized The test provides the fol lowing coverage Memory bits Decoder logic Sense amplifier logic Component and path coverage Stuck bits bit transition fault or bit coupling fault An address selects no memory two or more addresses select the same memory cell or one address selects more than one cell Stuck fault or coupling fault The CPU memory control logic etch from the CPU to the daughter card connectors etch from the CPU backup cache control to the backup cache and from backup cache to the memory bus The daughter card is ass
71. MC Option 2 J21 Pin Assignments 0 0 0 0 00 eee ee ee C 13 PMC Option 2 J22 Pin Assignments 0 0 00 0c eee eee ee ee C 14 PMC VO Companion Card Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments C 15 PMC I O Companion Card Mouse Connector Pin Assignments C 17 PMC VO Companion Card Keyboard Connector Pin Assignments C 17 Preface Purpose of this Manual This manual introduces you to the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 single board computers SBCs by discussing physical power and environmental requirements and describing the module and functional components This manual also explains how to use the console firmware and discusses diagnostics and trou bleshooting Intended Audience This manual is for OEM system integrators who are designing and building a DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC into specific application systems These systems may range in scope from a single Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC to highly complex multiprocessor systems that include a variety of hardware Hardware and mechanical engineers refer to the physical and environmental spec ifications Field and manufacturing technicians and support specialists use infor mation in this manual to configure systems and diagnose problems This manual assumes that readers have prerequisite knowledge and experience with the following e System design e VMEbus design and specifications Structure of this Manual This manual co
72. NVRAM contents are undefined Console Command ds1386 diag t 1 Command Options e dd Print detailed test information on each pass e nqv Test every location in NVRAM The default is to test one location per page Miscellaneous Notes This diagnostic is an extended test NVRAM Address On Address Test The NVRAM Address On Address Test writes reads and compares all 32 KB of NVRAM using this unique page offset for test data Locations in the DS1386 are byte wide Therefore you do not have enough room to write the unique address into each corresponding location However this test writes the unique page offset to its corresponding location in NVRAM If you set the quick verify option default only the first location of each page is tested The no quick verify option tests every location 32 KB of the NVRAM Console Mode Diagnostics 8 11 Note The contents of the NVRAM are overwritten by this diagnostic and restored on test completion If the module is reset during this test the NVRAM contents are undefined Console Command ds1386 diag t 2 Command Options e dd Print detailed test information on each pass e nqv Test every location in NVRAM The default is to test one location per page Miscellaneous Notes This diagnostic is an extended test NVRAM March Il Test The NVRAM March II Test verifies NVRAM addressing by marching writing reading and comparing a 0x00 byte value through a field of OxFF
73. O processor tests check the NCR810 SCSI control ler chip The tests do not require a drive to be attached to the SCSI port and are meant to be a power on check of the NCR810 chip s low level modes through pro grammed I O issued from the CPU No NCR810 scripts execute during these tests All tests set up the diagnostic support environment allocate memory set up the PCI configuration registers and check for the default values in the command sta tus registers as defined by the NCR810 53C810 chip specification Note If any of these tests fails the console SCSI driver does not restart after the test This causes SCSI devices connected to the system to be removed from the device list and any attempts to run the disk exerciser or boot from a disk fails The console command show device lists the currently installed devices NCR810 PCI Configuration Register Test The NCR810 PCI Configuration Register Test prints the current setting of the NCR810 PCI configuration registers to the console screen using formatted output Console Command ncr810 diag t 1 Command Option np Do not print the contents of the configuration register NCR810 Command Status Register Dump The NCR810 Command Status Register Dump Test displays the contents of all of the control status registers CSRs on your screen No test of the contents is per formed Console Command ncr810 diag t 2 Command Option np Do not print the contents of the conf
74. PU module 2 1 2 2 checking the seating of B 2 connector C 1 T O module connector on 2 3 layout of 2 3 VMEbus connectors 2 3 Crash dumps 5 6 Ctrl C 4 5 Ctrl O 4 5 Ctrl Q 4 5 Ctrl R 4 5 Ctrl S 4 5 Ctrl U 4 5 CY7C964 bus interface chips 3 14 3 15 Index 5 O ELL environment variable 5 6 LEANUP environment variable 5 6 OMPLETE environment variable 5 6 OP environment variable 5 6 GROUP environment variable 5 6 HARDERR environment variable 5 6 5 26 OPER environment variable 5 6 PASSES environment variable 5 6 REPORT environment variable 5 6 _SOFTERR environment variable 5 6 D STARTUP environment variable 5 6 D_TRACE environment variable 5 6 DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Timekeeper Tests 8 11 _B C EC E DOOU OO OO UDO OD Ze Data depositing and examining in memory 5 21 depositing in memory 5 2 depositing in registers 5 22 examining and depositing 5 19 examining in memory 5 2 6 24 examining in registers 5 22 Data cache Dcache 3 4 Data size specifying 5 21 Data switch DSW chips 3 5 Data transfers VMEbus 3 14 Data types supported 3 3 Date changing 6 13 displaying 5 2 5 17 setting 5 2 5 17 date command 5 2 5 17 6 13 Dcache 3 4 DC to DC converters 1 4 2 1 Debug jumper 2 4 Decoder logic testing 7 5 Delete key 4 5 deposit command 5 2 5 19 6 14 Design verification test DVT loop service 5 31 Device default 5 19 sticky 5 19 Device classificatio
75. Perform console watchdog test H Watchdog Test Perform console VIP VIC65 tests I VIP Tests gt gt gt A sample of actual console output follows Note that the SROM version CPU speed memory size cache size and SRM version appear in boldface type You should record and store this information for safekeeping You will be asked for this in the event that you call for support Alpha VME 5xxx V1 0 8 7 6 5 4 2 1 starting console on CPU 0 initialized idle PCB initializing semaphores initializing heap initial heap 200c0 memory low limit 12c000 heap 200c0 17fc0 initializing driver structures initializing idle process PID XDELTA not enabled initializing file system initializing time data structures lowering IPL CPU 0 speed is 2 08 ns 481MHz 64 Meg of system memory 2MB Bcache probing hose 0 PCI bus 0 slot 1 ewa DECchip 21040 AA bus 0 slot 2 pka NCR 53C810 entering idle loop SCSI Tests Heartbeat Tests Interval Timer Tests Time of Year Test Ethernet ROM Tests I Loopback Test Watchdog Test VIP Tests Alpha VME 5 480 Common Console V0 0 1 built on Feb 14 1997 at 12 55 07 7 3 POST NVRAM and Memory Diagnostics Descriptions This section provides details on the POST NVRAM and memory diagnostics These diagnostics run during system initialization testing Diagnostics and System Initialization 7 3 POST Nonvolatile RAM Diagnostic The POST NVRA
76. Section 4 8 e Describing console command operators Section 4 9 e Explaining how to control the radix of command input Section 4 10 e Explaining how to use flow control Section 4 11 e Explaining how to filter output Section 4 12 e Explaining how to redirect I O Section 4 13 e Explaining how to run commands in background mode Section 4 14 e Discussing the use of scripts Section 4 15 e Explaining how to copy scripts over the network Section 4 16 4 1 Setting Up the Console for Use To use the console firmware you need to connect your SBC to a console device The console device can be a video terminal connected with a serial line or a PC or workstation connected to the system through the network running a terminal emu lator For information on installing serial line or network cables see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Installation Guide Once you have connected the SBC to a console device set up the device to use the following parameters Console Basics 4 1 Send receive 9600 baud DEC VT100 ANSI Eight 8 bit data word No parity One 1 stop bit Xon Xoff 4 2 Console Features The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console environment is extremely power ful and features An operator interface An operating system bootstrap mechanism Operating system restarts Self test and extended functional diagnostics You can use UNIX command methods such as piping I O redirection and com mand l
77. Specifies whether trace messages are to be dis played The default is OFF DUMP DEV device Specifies that a device is to write operating system crash dumps ENABLE AUDIT ON or OFF Specifies whether audit trail messages are to be gen erated during bootstrap The default is ON EWAO ARP TRIES n Specifies the number of transmissions to be attempted before the Internet Address Resolution Protocol ARP fails Values less than 1 cause the protocol to fail immediately The default is 3 which translates to an average of 12 seconds before failing Interfaces on busy networks may need higher values EWAO BOOTP FILE file name Specifies a generic file name to be included in an EWAO BOOTP SERVER 5 6 Using the Console server name Internet Boot Protocol BOOTP request The BOOTP server returns a fully qualified file name for booting There is no default Specifies a server name to be included in a BOOTP request This can be set to the name of the server from which the machine is to be booted or left empty Table 5 2 Environment Variables Continued Variable Parameter Values Description EWAO0 BOOTP TRIES EWAO0 DEF GINETADDR EWAO0 DEF INETADDR EWAO0 DEF INETFILE EWAO0 DEF SINETADDR EWAO INET INIT EWAO0 LOOP COUNT EWAO0 LOOP INC EWAO0 LOOP PATT EWAO0 LOOP SIZE EWAO0 LP MSG NODE EWA0 MODE n NVRAM and default BOOTP Oxffffffff all patterns 0 all zeros 1 all ones 2 all fives 3 all
78. Syntax Examples Copies a line up to the new line character from the standard input channel of the current process to the standard output channel of that process This command always writes at least the new line character as output Use this command in scripts to read from the user s terminal or to read lines from a pipeline while in a for while until loop line 1 gt gt gt line type a line of input followed by carriage return type a line of input followed by carriage return Copy the line of typed input to the terminal screen 2 gt gt gt line gt foo type a line of input followed by carriage return gt gt gt cat foo type a line of input followed by carriage return Use the line command interactively 3 gt gt gt echo n continue Y N gt gt gt line tt gt tee foo nl gt gt gt if grep foo yY gt nl then echo yes else echo no fi gt gt gt Use the line command within a script Console Command Reference 6 45 Is list files Syntax Argument file Option I Examples Lists the files or inodes in the system Inodes are RAM disk files open channels and some drivers RAM disk files include script files diagnostics and executable shell commands ls 1 file Specifies the files and inodes to be listed You can use an asterisk as a wildcard character If you use a wildcard the command lists all files and inodes that match the specification If you o
79. The test verifies that the interrupt count is within a certain range based on the count value the timer was programmed with and the duration of time that interrupts were enabled Console Command 18254 diag t 2 Miscellaneous Notes e The interrupt enable bits for Timers 0 and 2 bits 4 and 5 of the interrupt status register at address 0x4010 are not directly writable You toggle bits 4 and 5 by writing to addresses 0x4010 and 0x4014 respectively In both cases the data written is Don t Care e A read of the interrupt status register at address 0x4014 causes both interrupt status bits bits O and 1 to be cleared e Due to hardware limitations on interrupt detection the value programmed into Timer 2 must be greater than 2 e See the Intel 8254 interval timer sheet for more details Console Mode Diagnostics 8 5 3 Timers Loopback Test The 3 Timers Loopback Test exercises Timer 2 Timer 1 and Timer 0 The gate input for Timer 2 and Timer 1 is always enabled and the clock input is connected to a 10 MHz 100 ns period clock source Timer 0 accepts its input through a P2 loopback connector to which the output of Timer 1 and Timer 2 is tied Timer 2 is the gate input and Timer 1 provides the clock This test essentially emulates the real time time provider and slave scheme found in the Real Time Clock and Interval Device Driver functional specification Note A VMEbus P2 loopback connector is required See Figure 8 1 for a descr
80. Using the Console e Process identifier PID e Address of the process control block PCB e Process priority e CPU time e Processor affinity e CPU e Program running e Process state To see the status of a specific process use the grep command with a pipe to filter the output as shown at the end of the following example gt gt gt ps Display complete process status ID PCB Pri CPU Time Affinity CPU Program State 0000006c 001423a0 3 2 00000001 0 ps running 0000005c 00144b40 2 19253 00000001 0 memtest ready 0000005b 00147a60 2 9 00000001 0 sh bg waiting on 00144B40 00000059 0014c060 2 21750 00000001 0 memtest ready 00000058 0014edc0 2 5 00000001 0 sh bg waiting on 0014C060 00000056 00152860 2 3 00000001 0 exer kid waiting on mscp rsp 00000055 00153ae0 2 2 00000001 0 exer waiting on exer tqe 00000054 00181580 2 6 00000001 0 sh bg waiting on 00153AE0 0000004 00154460 5 38 ffffffff 0 jpkeO0 poll waiting on tqe gt gt gt ps grep exer Check exer 00000056 00152860 2 6 00000001 0 exer kid waiting on mscp rsp 00000055 00153ae0 2 2 00000001 0 exer waiting on exer tqge 5 17 3 Setting the Priority of Processes If the system is running multiple processes you may find it necessary to set pro cess priorities to ensure proper system operation Set a process priority by speci fying the PID and a priority value with the sp command Priority values range from 0 to 7 with 7 being the highest To determine
81. Using the Console 5 21 You can abbreviate commands and you do not need to specify the device if you are referring to the default device The following example shows the deposit and examine commands in an abbreviated form The current device is still physical memory gt gt gt d 3fff000 abcdef12 Deposit new data there gt gt gt e Sfff000 Check it out pmem 3FFF000 ABCDEF12 You can also specify command options The following example shows how to use the n option to specify a repeat count The command is executed over n 1 suc cessive addresses gt gt gt d 3fff000 aaaa5555 n 3 Write to 4 locations yes 4 e S3fff000 n 3 Notice that n 3 yields n l or 4 pmem 3FFF000 AAAA5555 pmem 3FFF004 AAAA5555 pmem 3FFF008 AAAA5555 pmem 3FFFOOC AAAA5555 An alternate method for examining memory or other devices or files is to use the hex dump command hd The l option for that command specifies the number of bytes to display gt gt gt hd pmem 3fff000 1 10 Dump the allocated memory 00000000 55 55 aa aa 55 55 aa aa 55 55 aa aa 55 55 aa aa yya ajya ayga agga a gt gt gt hd 1 20 show_status Dump part of SHOW_STATUS script 00000000 65 63 68 6f 20 27 64 2f 53 27 20 3e 24 24 73 73 echo d S ss 00000010 Oa 65 63 68 6f 20 27 2d 2d 2d 27 20 3e 3e 24 24 echo gt gt Note Both l and n give the same result but l works only with hd and n works only with examine 5 8 6 Dep
82. VMEbus connector Table C 2 P2 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Pin Row A Row B Row C 1 SCSI DATAO L VCC MSDATA 2 SCSI DATA1 L Ground MSCLK 3 SCSI DATA2 L N C Ground Module Connector Pin Assignments Table C 2 P2 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Continued Pin Row A Row B Row C 4 SCSI DATA3 L VME A24 KBDATA 5 SCSI_DATA4_L VME A25 KBCLK 6 SCSI DATAS L VME A26 WD STATUS OC 7 SCSI_DATA6_L VME A27 BREAKOUTO 8 SCSI DATA7 L VME A28 BREAKOUTI 9 SCSI DP L VME A29 Ground 10 SCSI ATN L VME A30 EXT RESET L 11 SCSI BSY L VME A31 TMR2 EXT OP L 12 SCSI ACK L Ground TMRI EXT OP L 13 SCSI RST L VCC TMR_MINOR_IP_L 14 SCSI MSG L VME_D16 TRM_MAJOR_IP_L 15 SCSI SEL L VME DI7 Ground 16 SCSI CDL VME DI8 PP STB L 17 SCSI REQ L VME_D19 PP_ERR_L 18 SCSI IO L VME D20 PP DATAO 19 Ground VME D2I PP DATAI 20 Ground VME D22 PP DATA2 21 Ground VME D23 PP DATA3 22 Ground Ground PP DATAA4 23 VME MASTER SW L VME D24 PP DATAS 24 VCC VME_D25 PP_DATA6 25 VCC VME_D26 PP_DATA7 26 VCC VME_D27 PP_SLCT 27 VCC VME_D28 PP_PE 28 Ground VME_D29 PP_BUSY 29 Ground VME_D30 PP_ACK_L 30 Ground VME_D31 PP AFD L 31 VCC Ground PP INIT L 32 VCC VCC PP_SLIN_L Module Connector Pin Assignments C 3 C 2 3 Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments Table C 3 lists the pin assigments for the console and auxiliary connectors Figure C 1 shows a pin assignment diagram Table C 3 Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments
83. Vector IOC Status 0 IOC Status 1 PC 13 10 06 9 AUG 1997 IOC Controller 67 0400031604000316 0400000004000000 0000000000064c40 FAULT 2 Time of Error Diagnostic Pass Count Error Message 13 08 39 9 AUG 1997 Interval Timer 1 Test Number 4 Failing Point 18 Interrupt not invoked and should have been No more faults found gt gt gt Display the two most recent faults since they are the only ones logged into NVRAM clear_log Console Command Reference 6 73 sleep suspend execution Syntax Argument time Option V Examples Suspends execution of a console process for a specified number of seconds The console process temporarily wakes up every second to check for and kill pending bits sleep v time Specifies the number of seconds to sleep The default is one second Use a time value of milliseconds The default is 1000 milliseconds one second 1 gt gt gt sleep 10 echo hi there amp gt gt gt 10 seconds elapse hi there Sleep for 10 seconds then execute the echo command 2 gt gt gt sleep v 20 Sleep for 20 milliseconds This command does not function if set toy sleep has been issued 6 74 Console Command Reference sort sort a file Arranges the lines of a file in lexicographic order and writes the results to standard output STDOUT The size of the file that sort can handle is limited by the size of Sy
84. a n s n MR P2 MLO 0135 Sections C 4 1 and C 4 2 provide more detail on the J1 and J6 connectors respec tively C 4 1 Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments Table C 6 lists the pin assignments for the keyboard and mouse J1 connector Figure C 5 shows a pin assignment diagram Table C 6 Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal 1 MOUSE_DATA KBRD_DATA Ground VCC MOUSE_CLOCK KBRD_CLOCK aA On A U N Module Connector Pin Assignments C 7 Figure C 5 Keyboard and Mouse Pin Assignments 6 FE TR 5 CS xil 9 re 19 Nec Front view mating side 2 1 MLO 013553 C 4 2 Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments C 8 Table C 7 lists the pin assignments for the parallel port J6 connector Figure C 6 shows a pin assignment diagram Table C 7 Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments Pin Signal pi PP_STB_L PP DATAO PP DATAI PP DATA2 PP DATA3 PP DATA4 PP DATAS PP DATA6 PP DATA7 10 PP ACK L 11 PP BUSY 12 PP PE 13 PP SLCT 14 PP AFD L 15 PP ERR L 16 PP INIT L 17 PP SLIN L 18 25 Ground 26 N C O oo ND tA A t WN Module Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 6 Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments J2 ane kdk 7 Front view mating side MLO 013554 C 5 PMC I O Companion Card Connector Pin Assig
85. a short time value into the watchdog timeout reg ister The test queries you to be sure the watchdog LED is off Upon expiration of the timeout value a HALT interrupt is expected After the expected time the test evaluates the reset reason register If the HALT interrupt did not occur or the watchdog reason was not set the test calls out an error Also the test asks you to verify that the watchdog LED is now on At the end of the test the watchdog timer and diagnostic in progress bit are disabled Console Command wdog_diag t 1 Command Options e dd Print detailed test information on each pass e nc Do not prompt user to verify the state of the LED e np Override the nc option by prompting user to verify the state of the LED Miscellaneous Notes The purpose of setting the diagnostic in progress bit is to avoid an actual system reset when the watchdog timer expires The watchdog expiration first causes a HALT interrupt Approximately 300 ms later an actual system reset occurs unless the diagnostic in progress bit is set The reset reason register shows a watchdog reset reason whether or not the diagnostic in progress bit is set The HALT inter rupt and the reset reason are used for this diagnostic User interaction can be sup pressed with the nc option Console Mode Diagnostics 8 19 VME Interface Tests The VME Interface Tests verify the VME interface logic on the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs including the VME inter
86. ailed message packets to improve robustness If the initial transmission of a packet is not answered appropriately the protocol software retransmits the packet By default the proto cols attempt three transmissions If your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC is on a busy network or is associated with servers that handle heavy network loads you may need to increase the retransmis sion count You can adjust the number of retransmissions associated with a given protocol by setting the following environment variables EWAn_ARP_TRIES EWAn_BOOTP_TRIES EWAn_TFTP_TRIES If you set one of these variables to a value that is less than one the protocol fails immediately Three retries translates to an average of 12 seconds before failing The retransmis sion algorithms use a randomized exponential backoff delay If the first try fails a second try occurs about 4 seconds later A third try occurs after another 8 seconds a fourth after 16 seconds and so on up to 64 seconds These times are averages since random jitter of about 50 is added to each delay For example if EWAO ARP TRIES is 3 ARP fails if it does not get a response within 12 sec onds on the average the actual timeout is between 6 and 18 seconds EWAn TFTP TRIES EWAn BOOTP TRIES or EWAn ARP TRIES 5 14 Using the Console 5 3 4 5 Different Ways of Booting Over the Internet The following list shows the priority of the different ways of booting an initialized system over the In
87. allow future firmware upgrades 3 7 Clock Interface The CPU clock circuit used by the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs multiplies a 16 MHz clock frequency by 22 or 30 and buffers the results supplying the Alpha 21164 microprocessor with a 352 MHz or 480 MHz clock speed The microprocessor divides the input value 352 or 480 by 11 or 15 respectively to generate the system clock The 21164 system clock signal SYSCLK drives a phase lock loop PLL buffer circuit That circuit in turn generates 10 copies of the 32 MHz SYSCLK signal for the 21172 core logic chip set components and all PCI devices The 21172 core logic chipset generates its own 1x and 2x clock signals on each DSW and CIA chip 3 8 PCI Interface The PCI interface consists of a PCI bus that serves as the base of the I O sub system connecting all of the system s PCI devices The I O subsystem consists of the 21172 core logic CIA and DSW chips and the following PCI devices e Ethernet controller e SCSI controller e PMC I O companion card Functional Components 3 7 e Nbus interface e VME interface Sections 3 8 1 to 3 8 3 briefly discuss Ethernet SCSI and PCI Expansion Card support For introductions to the Nbus and VME interfaces see Sections 3 9 and 3 10 3 8 1 Ethernet Controller The Ethernet controller for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs is based on the DECchip 21040 AA This chip keeps processor intervention in local area network LAN control to a mini
88. alue n to the timer The timer uses the value to generate a square wave with a period equal to n times the 10 MHz clock period Applications can uses these timers for a variety of off module functions For more information about how to use the timers and timer modes see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Technical Reference 3 9 7 Keyboard and Mouse Controller The keyboard and mouse controller is provided by an Intel 82C42PE single chip microcomputer The controller is programmed to be IBM PC AT compatible and can drive the keyboard and PS 2 type mouse supported by DECpc systems The keyboard and mouse ports are female 6 pin mini DIN PS 2 type connectors The controller is programmed to allow either device to operate in either port 3 9 8 Super I O Chip The FDC37C665GT Super I O chip not to be confused with the standard I O or SIO chip supports serial line port channels A and B 16550 UARTS and a paral lel port It provides first in first out FIFO data access for the serial ports and EPP ECP modes for the parallel port The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs use channel A for the console The firm ware configures this channel as an asynchronous line using baud rate parity data bit and stop bit configuration data that you define and is stored in NVRAM If NVRAM does not contain valid data on power up the SBC configures channel A with defaults of 9600 baud no parity eight bits and one stop bit The
89. and then uses the alloc command to return the starting address of the first free block of 200 bytes alloc dynamic ps 6 10 Console Command Reference clear delete environment variable Syntax Argument envar Example See Also Deletes an environment variable from the system s name space Note Some environment variables such as BOOTDEF DEV are permanent and cannot be deleted clear envar Specifies the name of the environment variable to be deleted gt gt gt clear foo gt gt gt Deletes the environment variable foo set show Console Command Reference 6 11 clear log clear error log in NVRAM Syntax Options nc Example See Also Clears and initializes the area of NVRAM used for console error logging The console firmware clears the entire area of NVRAM where fault information is stored and resets miscellaneous pointers counters and initialization flags used in the error logging process Notes When you use clear_log the current contents of the NVRAM error log area is destroyed and lost forever Console error logging is completely independent of the operating system s error logging clear_log Do not prompt for confirmation before starting the clear operation By default the firmware prompts for confirmation before starting the clear operation Specify the nc option if you do not want the firmware to prompt you gt gt gt clear log Error Log data i
90. anging the Ownership of a Block of Memory 0 0 0 0 00 0 ce eee ee 5 27 Testing MEMOLY 0 5 Ls ce ee bet bec pn Re uec dapi ee pe ci Ra ela utes 5 27 Graycode Memory Testes erisim cece ee e n 5 28 Performing Network Operations 0 0 0 eee eh 5 31 Setting Reboot to the SROM Mini Console 0 0 00 eee eee 5 32 Controlling the E ED nr cack os eer ees SM ERA ia Bia ere css 5 32 Running the Power On Diagnostics Script 5 32 Managing the Console Error Log 0 0 eee eens 5 33 Displaying the Contents of the Console Error Log 0 0 0 0 0000005 5 33 Initializing the Console Error Log 222222 eeeneneneenen eee 5 33 Evaluating Expressions 0 0 lees tent n ene 5 33 Managing Console Processes 00 cece ene 5 34 Creating and Exiting Console Processes 0 0 0 0 c eects 5 34 Monitoring PrOCesses ser eo dite he EE Died en Midis ERROR RUM 5 34 Setting the Priority of Processes lle 5 35 Specifying the CPUs on Which a Process Can Run 00 0000 5 35 Suspending Processes ssec nace ee bios nee Pda GUAE eS 5 36 Stopping Processes i e he REP E PER HR RE A REA RE ach 5 36 Breaking from Control Loops sssseseeeeee Ih 5 36 Returning a Failure Status 0 0 cece eens 5 36 Displaying Semaph fes iios tee og Se ana a ns 5 36 Managing Files and File Content 0 0 0 0 2 eee en 5 37 6 Console Command Reference alloc allocate a block o
91. ap is empty after console initialization If the command gener ates an empty map you can fill the page tables by issuing the command boot halt 5 10 3 Allocating and Freeing Blocks of Memory To allocate and free blocks of memory use the alloc and free commands The arguments that you specify with these commands must be hexadecimal values When you allocate a block of memory you must specify at least the number of bytes to allocate Other arguments allow you to specify the modulus and remain der to be used for computing the beginning address of the requested block of memory A flood option lets you flood the block of allocated memory with zeros If you want to allocate memory starting at a specific heap address for example an address displayed by the dynamic command you can specify that address with the z option The free command returns the memory identified by specified addresses to the appropriate heap 5 10 4 Changing the Ownership of a Block of Memory Your SBC identifies the owner of a block of memory by associating that block with a process identifier PID To change the ownership of blocks of memory specify the chown command with the PID of the new owner process and the start ing addresses of blocks of memory that process is to own To display a listing of PIDs issue the ps command 5 10 5 Testing Memory The following tests are available for exercising memory e Graycode memory test e March memory test Using
92. as 4 incrementing 5 decrementing X TWISTED PAIR or FULL full duplex twisted pair Specifies the number of transmissions that are to be attempted before BOOTP fails Values less than 1 cause the protocol to fail immediately The default is 3 which translates to an average of 12 seconds before failing Interfaces on busy networks may need higher values Specifies the initial value for EWA0 GINETADDR when the interface s internal Internet database is ini tialized from BOOTP EWAO INET INIT is set to BOOTP Specifies the initial value for EWA0 INETADDR when the interface s internal Internet database is ini tialized from BOOTP EWAO INET INIT is set to BOOTP Specifies the initial value for EWAO_INETFILE when the interface s internal Internet database is ini tialized from BOOTP EWAO INET INIT is set to BOOTP Specifies the initial value for EWA0 SINETADDR when the interface s internal Internet database is ini tialized from BOOTP EWAO INET INIT is set to BOOTP Specifies whether the interface s internal Internet database is to be initialized from non volatile RAM NVRAM or from a network server by way of BOOTP Specifies the number of times each message is looped The default is Ox3e8 Specifies the amount the message size is to be increased from message to message The default is Oxa Specifies the type of data pattern that is to be used for loopback Specifies the size of the loop data to be u
93. ated Specify the modulus as a hexadecimal value remainder Specifies the remainder to be used with the modulus for computing the beginning address of the block of memory being allocated Specify the modulus as a hexa decimal value Options flood Flood the allocated block of memory with zeros z heap address Example See Also Allocate memory from the memory zone that starts at the specified heap address To view the starting addresses of the system s memory zones use the dynamic command gt gt gt alloc 200 OOFFFEOO gt gt gt free fffe00 gt gt gt set base alloc 400 gt gt gt show base base OOFFFCOO gt gt gt memtest base gt gt gt free base gt gt gt clear base 6 2 Console Command Reference dynamic free Console Command Reference 6 3 boot boot the system Initializes the processor loads a program image from a boot device and transfers control to that image Syntax boot file boot file flags longword protocols enet protocol halt boot device Argument boot device The path for a device or list of devices from which the console firmware is to boot the system If you specify a list of devices separate the device names with com mas and no spaces For example gt gt gt boot ewaO0 dkaO The firmware tries to boot the system from each device in the list in order When one of the devices boots successfully control passes to the booted imag
94. ator with its output being driven off module by P2 pin C12 This timer is clocked by a fixed 10 MHz The output is also routed directly to the VIC local IRQ input 3 Timer 2 Operates as a rate generator with its output connected to P2 pin C11 This timer is clocked with the same fixed 10 MHz You can also use the output on the module to generate an IRQ If enabled Timer 0 s output during a transition from low to high causes the assertion of an IRQ To dismiss the IRQ you need to access the timer interrupt status register The timers are implemented by register interrupt logic The programming inter face is byte wide in the Nbus region of PCI I O space 3 12 Functional Components 3 9 6 2 Timer Modes In addition to supporting the three timers discussed in Section 3 9 6 1 the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs implement two timer modes modes 1 and 3 pro vided by the 82C54 chip for timers 1 and 2 The hardware connections for the timer output are available on the P2 VMEbus connector The timers are driven from an internally generated 10 MHz asynchronous clock Table 3 2 Timer Modes Mode Description 1 Allows the application to write a value n to the timer An external hardware trigger causes the timer to count down from n to zero If a new value n is written to an associated mode 1 register before the countdown reaches zero the timer begins counting from the new value at clock n 1 3 Allows the application to write a v
95. ay of Online Help 4 4 Console Command Overview 00 cece e 4 4 Special Keys oie Hanns ERG ne e S Sete 4 5 Command Line Characteristics 0 0 cee ccc eee eee 4 5 Console Command Operators 2 4 6 Controlling the Radix of Command Input 0 00 0 eee eee eee 4 7 Using Blow Controlivccc imma Seta rn a ak AM DNI ENS D 4 7 Filtering Output owes eects ber eSI We EIER ek N a 4 8 Redirecting VO ous sete es obey net br de bad na RD BR we ale 4 9 Running Commands in Background Mode 2cneneeeeeeeeneen ee 4 9 Creating Scripts zione SUE HEISE RAN BAS EE AR ee 4 10 Copying Scripts Over the Network lleeeeeseeee eee 4 11 5 Using the Console Summary of Console Operations 0 eee eee nennen 5 1 Managing Environment Variables eh 5 4 Environment Variable Summary 0 0 eee 5 5 Setting Environment Variables 0 0 0 e eee cee ee 5 9 Displaying the Values of Environment Variables 000000005 5 9 Removing Environment Variables from System Name Space 5 10 Booting the System u c rcr REVUE ek eee Ra SER ae 5 10 Specifying Boot Devices 0 2 ccc eet hh 5 10 Specifying a Boot IMa gesu perepere cs tee vt reper Rhe Daran sr ba 5 11 Passing Additional Boot Information to the Operating System 5 11 Booting Over the Network 5 11 Invoking the Console as Soon as the Boot Image is Loaded 5 16
96. can specify as valid names include f0 through f31 Names an internal processor register The data size defaults to quad word and the address space defaults to ipr Symbols you can specify as valid names include ps asn asten astsr at fen ipir ipl mces pcbb prbr ptbr scbb sirr sisr tbchk tbia tbiap tbis esp ssp usp and whami Names a PAL Temporary register The data size defaults to quadword and the address space defaults to pt Symbols you can specify as valid names include pt0 through pt31 Names the program counter execution address register The last address size and type are unchanged Names the location immediately following the last location referred to by the examine or deposit command For references to physical or virtual memory the location is the last address plus the size of the last reference For other address spaces the address is the last address referred to plus one Names the location immediately preceding the last location referred to by the examine or deposit command For references to physical or virtual memory the location is the last address minus the size of the last reference For other address spaces the address is the last address referred to minus one Names the location last referred to by the examine or deposit com mand Uses the data at the last address referred to by the examine or deposit command as the address Use a data size of byte Use a data size of word
97. cations Table 1 1 Alpha VME5 352 and 5 480 SBC Specifications Alpha processor Alpha microprocessor 21164A CPU speed 5 352 352 MHz 5 480 480 MHz Chip cache Level 1 8 8 KB Level 2 96 KB unified I D Performance unofficial 5 352 SPECint95 10 7 SPECfp95 13 7 5 480 SPECint95 13 8 SPECfp95 15 5 Memory Cache 2 MB of on board Level 3 cache Specifications and Requirements 1 1 Table 1 1 Alpha VME5 352 and 5 480 SBC Specifications Continued DRAM Flash EPROM Nonvolatile RAM NVRAM 16 to 512 MB ECC protected Autoconfiguration on 128 or 256 bit data bus Single bit error correction Double bit error detection Must be configured in pairs of EDO DIMM memory modules 4 MB 3 5 MB available to the user application 32 KB Networking Features Alpha 21040 PCI Ethernet controller DMA bus master 256 byte send and receive FIFO queues Double bandwidth with full duplex Ethernet Interconnect 10BASE T Ethernet twisted pair Interfaces SCSI interface Symbios 53C810 single ended 8 bit SCSI 2 with DMA Serial interface PCI I O companion card Up to 10 MB s transfer rate SCSI connection through VMEbus P2 connector 82C42PE and FDC37C665GT Super I O chip Two asynchronous DEC423 ports 75 to 19200 baud through two MMJ front panel connec tors Keyboard mouse and parallel ports Accepts two PCI mezzanine cards TEEE P1386 1 compliant Clocks and timers Real time clock
98. ce Using the Console 5 31 e Change the mode of the port device e Specify a remote node address to be used for Ethernet loopbacks MOP requests and remote boot requests e Broadcast a MOP load request for a specified file e Set the version of MOP to be used 5 12 Setting Reboot to the SROM Mini Console Generally when you power on or reboot your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC the SBC enters console mode after the POST diagnostics complete Under certain conditions it may be necessary for you to enter SROM Mini Console mode instead For example you may want to do this to debug the PCI bus While in SROM Mini Console mode there is less activity on the bus and you do not have to be concerned with interrupts generated by other system devices To enter this mode use the set reboot srom command After issuing the com mand the SBC enters SROM Mini Console mode the next time you power on or reboot the system Note If the I O module s debug jumper is installed the system displays the SROM Mini Debugger prompt every time you power on the system While in the SROM Mini Debugger you can start the SROM console by entering the st command and then entering address 0x8000 at the address prompt as follows SROM gt st a gt 8000 5 13 Controlling the LED The console commands set led and show led are available for you to display char acters on the system s front panel LED and to check the current value being illu minated on the LE
99. ch DSW chips 21172 BA chips The DSW chips are 208 pin plastic quad flat pack PQFP packages that provide bidirectional data paths between the 21164 microprocessor main memory Bcache the CIA chip and part of the I O data path The major ity of the DSW logic consists of data buffers and multiplexers Using two encoded control fields the CIA chip directs data flow to and from the DSW chips 3 3 2 Chipset Features The chipset includes the majority of functions required to develop high perfor mance systems that require minimum discrete logic on the module Features include e Support for the 21164 Alpha microprocessor chip e A 64 bit ECC protected data path IOD bus between the CIA and DSW chips e A 128 bit ECC protected data path system bus between the 21164 and DSW chips e A 256 bit ECC protected memory data path memory bus between the DSW chips and memory e A 32 MHz system bus interface e Support for 2 MB of write back ECC protected level 3 Bcache using the flush cache coherency protocol e Support for 16 to 512 MB of EDO memory e PCI bus support that includes 64 bit multiplexed address and data paths 64 bit PCI address handling and scatter gather mapping Functional Components 3 5 e 32 MHz PCI clock frequency e DSW chips that provide a victim buffer for read miss victim transitions 3 4 Bcache Subsystem The DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs provides 2 MB of direct mapped Bcache The Bcache
100. cket starting at block number 98 99 or 100 will access blocks beyond the end of the length to be processed Thus 97 is the largest possible starting block address of a packet b Write from buffer1 which contains the previously read data to the current block address c Setthe current block address to what it was just prior to the previous write operation d From the current block address read a packet into buffer2 e Compare buffer1 with buffer2 and report any discrepancies f Repeatsteps a through e until enough packets have been written to satisfy the length requirement of 101 blocks gt gt gt exer a r w Rc dkaO Perform a nondestructive write test with packet sizes of 512 bytes The action string specifies the following sequence of operations Set the current block address to a random block number on the disk b From the current block address on the disk read a packet into buffer1 c Setthe current block address to the device address where it was just before the previous read operation occurred 6 32 Console Command Reference d Write a packet of 0x5as from buffer to the current block address e Setthe current block address to what it was just prior to the previous write operation f From the current block address on the disk read a packet into buffer2 g Compare buffer1 with buffer2 and report any discrepancies h Repeat the preceding steps until each block on the disk has been written once an
101. control of an abort once it passes control to another program such as an operating system or loadable diagnostic Ctrl R Retypes the current command line Ctrl O Causes the console to throw away output characters rather Up and down arrows than send them to the terminal Entering another Ctrl O resumes sending output characters to the terminal Recall command lines 4 8 Command Line Characteristics The character sequence used for the console prompt gt gt gt is ODh OAh ODh 3 This translates CR lt LF gt C Eh 3Eh 3Eh 20h to R gt gt gt gt SP Host system software executing a binary load operation on the console terminal port can look for this character string to determine when to respond Console Basics 4 5 Commands are limited to 80 characters Characters that you enter beyond the 80 character limit replace the last character in the buffer Depending on your termi nal the lost characters may be displayed but they are not included in the actual command line The command interpreter is not case sensitive Lowercase ASCII characters a through z are treated as uppercase characters The parser rejects characters with codes greater than Ox7F However such charac ters are acceptable in comments The console does not provide type ahead buffer support The console checks char acters received before the console prompt appears for special characters Ctrl S Ctrl Q Ctrl C bu
102. ctors The primary power for the SBCs is 5 V which is provided by the P1 and P2 VMEbus connectors on the CPU module and the P2 VMEbus connector on the I O module A required primary breakout module aug ments the current capacity of the backplane s etch and connectors by shunting power from the I O module connectors to the CPU module connectors The two DC to DC converters 5 V to 2 5 V and 5 V to 3 3 V provide power for CPU module and I O module operation The 5 V to 2 5 V converter provides power for the Alpha 21164 core logic The 5 V to 3 3 V converter provides power for the 21172 core logic chipset SRAM DRAMs SCSI chip and Ethernet con troller Both converters operate in an 85 to 95 conversion efficiency range requiring no heat sink The required primary breakout module which is installed on the rear of the VME backplane directly behind the slots occupied by the CPU and I O module assem bly provides additional current to the CPU module from the I O module An optional 5 V STANDBY is available to provide power for the time of year TOY clock and NVRAM chip Table 1 2 provides the power ratings for the various voltage supplies supported by the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs Table 1 2 Input Power Requirements Voltage Tolerance Maximum 5 352 Idle 5 352 Peak 5 480 Idle 5 480 Peak Supply Ripple Current Current Current Current 5 V 0 25 V 50 mV 9A 13A 11 A 15 A 0 125 V 12 V 0 60 V 50 mV 150 mA 250 mA 150 mA 2
103. cuore RM Ex eg EE 6 44 line read a Ine osc anne St aac le E elves ete Ceu ld deem Ree iet 6 45 ls list fies eed RET REDIMERE NR RA ca ae La CEN UNSERE 6 46 man help on commands ceca e eU Re Re e RE e men 6 47 memexer memory exerciser llle he 6 48 memtest memory teste a orenean cee heh hh ee eens 6 49 net perform MOP operations lsseleeee eee eee nee 6 53 PS SHOW PLOCeSS 5 ae eats DERE nf ir AA gs 6 56 pwrup run power on diagnostics 0 6 ee hh 6 57 HIM TEMOVE filesi edia eee cie tet te e ede ide eed ideen 6 58 sa set process affinity coc eto ea ER ud eee AUR 6 59 semaphore show system semaphores 00 0c eee een 6 60 set set environment variable 2 0 cee eee 6 61 set led display charon LED p pna inse cee eee 6 64 set reboot srom set reboot mode to Serial ROM Mini Console 6 65 set toy sleep disable TOY clock s internal oscillator 0 00008 6 66 sh create new shell process 2 0 0 cee cee e 6 67 show display system information 6 69 show log display NVRAM error log information nee ea eU pe tace Re er MUT CR pe E RAe 6 72 sleep suspend execution e eee 6 74 sort sort a file io veo ERI SEU E EL Re re ses 6 75 Sp setpriornty lel e b ae EUR RENI MER MER ees oii Seon ee 6 76 Start start Program oce eee a xu RO CR RU RCM a RR RN 6 77 stop stop CPU or device oon RR eee MARRE ERE en de 6 78
104. d and 1 100th of a sec ond Using console commands you can e Display the clock s time and date e Set the clock s time and date Using the Console e Disable the clock s internal oscillator 5 5 1 Displaying the TOY Clock s Time and Date To display the TOY clock s time and date use the date command without any arguments For example gt gt gt date 10 29 04 August 3 1997 5 5 2 Setting the TOY Clock s Time and Date If the internal oscillator for the TOY clock becomes disabled due to use of the set toy sleep command or another cause you may need to reset the clock s time and date the next time you power up the system To set the time and date issue the date command with a time specification of the form yyymmddhhmm ss which specifies Time Component AS With a Value in the Range Year yyyy 0000 to 9999 Month mm 01 to 12 Day dd 01 to 31 Hour hh 00 to 23 Minute mm 00 to 59 Second ss 00 to 59 When you reset the time and date you must specify at least four digits which are interpreted as hours and minutes If you specify six digits the digits specify the day hours and minutes 5 5 3 Disabling the TOY Clock s Internal Oscillator If you are testing an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC TOY clock or if you are planning to put one of these SBCs in storage you may want to use the set toy sleep command to disable the TOY clock s internal oscillator Disabling the oscil lator before storing the
105. d environment variable For a listing of pre defined environment variables see Table 5 2 Examples Console Command Reference 6 69 1 gt gt gt show version version V1 1 0 Jul 1 1996 10 16 59 gt gt gt Display the version of the firmware running on the system 2 gt gt gt show auto_action boot gt gt gt Display the default system power on action 3 gt gt gt show bootdef_dev ewa0 gt gt gt Display the system s default boot device In this example the default boot device is EWAO 4 gt gt gt show config Digital Equipment Corporation AlphaVME 5 480 SRM Console T1 0 0 VMS PALcode V1 19 8 OSF PALcode V1 21 8 MEMORY 128 Meg of system memory System Controller VIC64 Enabled Hose 0 PCI slot 0 DECchip 7407 slot 1 DECchip 21040 AA ewa0 0 0 1 0 00 00 F8 23 B7 8E slot 2 NCR 53C810 pka0 7 0 2 0 SCSI Bus ID 7 slot 3 Intel 82378 gt gt gt 5 gt gt gt show device dva0 0 0 0 1 DVAO ewa0 0 0 1 0 EWAO 08 00 2B 1D 27 AA pka0 7 0 2 0 PKAO SCSI Bus ID 7 gt gt gt Display all devices and controllers in the system The display output includes the device name device ID device type and device internal firmware revision information if available 6 gt gt gt show device e ewa0 0 0 6 0 EWAO 08 00 2B 1D 27 AA Display devices that start with e 7 gt gt gt show device dk Show SCSI disks dkc0 0 0 2 0 DKCO RZ57 Display all devices starting with
106. d read twice 7 gt gt gt set myd 0 gt gt gt exer bs 1 bc a l a a w d1 myd myd foo gt gt gt clear myd gt gt gt hd foo l1 a 00000000 ff 00 ff 00 ff 00 ff 00 f 00 Use an environment variable myd as a counter Write 10 bytes of the pat tern ff 00 ff 00 to RAM disk file oo using a packet size of 10 bytes Because the length specified is also 10 bytes only one write occurs Delete the environment variable myd The hd hexadecimal dump of foo shows the contents of foo after the exer command runs 8 gt gt gt set myd 0 gt gt gt exer bs 1 bc a l a a w d1 myd myd 1 foo gt gt gt hd foo la 00000000 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0a Write a pattern of 01 02 03 Oa to file foo 9 gt gt gt set myd 0 gt gt gt exer bs 1 bc 4 l a a w d1 myd myd 1 foo m foo exer completed packet IOs elapsed idle size IOs bytes read bytes written sec bytes sec seconds secs 4 3 0 10 3001 10001 0 0 gt gt gt hd foo 00000000 01 02 03 04 01 02 03 04 01 02 gt gt gt show myd myd 4 10 gt gt gt echo 0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstAB n gt foo3 gt gt gt exer bs 1 v m foo3 b2lkfmp8jatsnAlgri54B6903qdc7eh0foo3 exer completed packet IOs elapsed idle size IOs bytes read bytes written sec bytes sec seconds secs 1 32 32 0 5333 5333 0 0 See Also memexer Console Command Reference 6 33 exit exit current shell
107. d the next one ipr 13 ESP 0000000000000000 The examine and deposit commands support symbolic representation of the fol lowing processor registers Register Meaning pe Program counter sp Stack pointer ps Processor status longword Previous address gt gt gt e pc Program Counter PC psr 0 PC 0000000000000D30 gt gt gt e ps Process Status ipr 17 PS 0000000000001F00 gt gt gt e sp Stack Pointer gpr FO R30 0000000000000F30 Using the Console 5 23 5 9 Managing the Console Devices and CPU Console commands are available for managing the console devices and CPU of an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC Using console commands you can e Initialize the console a device or the CPU e Stop the CPU or a specified device e Exercise devices with read write and comparison operations 5 9 1 Initializing SBC Components Use the init command to initialize your SBC s devices or CPU To initialize a specific device specify the command with the d option and the name of the device to be initialized For example to initialize the network interface ewa0 enter gt gt gt init d ewa0 If you need to initialize the processor specify the init command without any options as follows gt gt gt init 5 9 2 Stopping and Starting the CPU or Devices If you need to stop and start an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC CPU or the sys tem devices
108. deivce list is specified BOOTDEF DEV The console uses BOOT DEV without change on all bootstrap attempts that are not initiated by a boot command Specifies the file name to be used when a bootstrap requires a file name when the bootstrap is not the result of a boot command or when no file name is specified with the boot command The console passes the value between the console presentation layer and system software without interpretation Specifies arguments to be passed to system software when the bootstrap is not the result of a boot com mand or when no arguments are specified with the boot command The console passes the value between the console presentation layer and system software without interpretation The default is NULL Specifies the device list from which bootstrapping is to be attempted when no path is specified with the boot command Specifies devices to be used by the last or currently in progress bootstrap attempt Specifies the file name to be used by the last or cur rently in progress bootstrap attempt The console passes the value between the console presentation layer and system software without interpretation Specifies arguments to be passed to system software during the last or currently in progress bootstrap attempt The console passes the value between the console presentation layer and system software without interpretation Specifies current console terminal character set encoding Specifies w
109. ds The command inherits values for fields that you omit from the specification Example gt gt gt date 199708031029 00 gt gt gt date 10 29 04 August 3 1997 gt gt gt Console Command Reference 6 13 deposit write data to memory Syntax Writes data to a memory location register device or file After initialization if you have not specified a data address or size the default address space is physical memory the default data size is a quadword and the default address is zero You specify an address or device by concatenating the device name with the address for example pmem 0 and by specifying the size of the space to which to write If you do not specify an address the data is written to the current address in the current data size the last previously specified address and data size If you specify a conflicting device address or data size the console ignores the command and issues an error deposit b w l q o h physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n count s step device address data 6 14 Console Command Reference Arguments device Specifies the device name or address space to which the data is to be written Specify one of the following Value Description pmem Physical memory vmem Virtual memory The console firmware checks on accessibility and protec tion If the access would not be allowed to a program running with the cur rent program stack the firmware issues
110. ds you can use to e Display the state of dynamic memory e Display a map of the system s virtual memory e Allocate and free blocks of memory e Change the ownership of a block of memory e Test memory 5 10 1 Displaying the State of Dynamic Memory 5 26 Display the state of your SBC s dynamic memory by using the dynamic com mand By default the command displays state information for two heaps a pri vate console heap and remaining memory heap The state information listed for each heap or zone includes e Starting address e Size e Used blocks e Used bytes e Free blocks e Free bytes e Utilization e High water mark To display information about a specific heap of memory specify the address of that heap with the z option Using the Console A number of other options are available for controlling the information that the command displays and the operations it performs Depending on the options you specify the command may e Perform consistency checking on the heap e Repair corrupted heap by flooding free blocks e Include block headers in the display output e Display state information on a per process basis e Perform a validation test on the heap e Set the size of the total memory for the system e Extend the size of the default memory zone by a specified number of bytes 5 10 2 Displaying the System s Virtual Memory Map To display your SBC s virtual memory map use the show map command The virtual memory m
111. e Note Place network devices at the end of a boot device list This is necessary because network bootstraps only terminate if a fatal error occurs or an image is successfully loaded If you omit boot device the firmware uses a boot specification previously defined with an environment variable For example if you used the set command to associate the environment variable BOOTDEF DEV with a boot device the firmware will use that boot device as the default Note When you specify a boot device with the boot command that device specification overrides the current default boot device for the current boot request but does not change the setting of the corresponding environment variable Options file boot file Load the specified boot file image into the system If you do not specify this option the console firmware loads a boot file previously associated with the envi ronment variable BOOT FILE flags longword 6 4 Console Command Reference Use the specified longwords as additional boot information for the operating sys tem If you do not specify this option the firmware loads flags previously associ ated with the environment variable BOOT FLAGS or BOOTED FLAGS Note If you specify flags in the boot command line the flags override the cur rent default values for the current boot request but do not change the set ting of the corresponding environment variable protocols enet protocol
112. e 5 20 PCI connector 64 bit 2 3 PCI dense memory space 5 20 PCII O space 5 20 PCI sparse memory space 5 20 PCI 32 interface 2 1 3 2 See also PMC I O companion card PCI to Ethernet controller See 21040 Ethernet controller PCI to Nbus bridge 2 1 3 2 PCI to PCI bridge 2 9 3 2 3 9 PCI to SCSI controller See SCSI controller PCI to VME interface components 3 14 PCI to VME64 bridge 2 1 3 2 See also VIC64 chip VIP chip PCP process control block 5 35 Performance CPU 1 1 memory data bus 2 6 Phase lock loop PLL buffer circuit 3 2 3 7 Physical characteristics 1 3 Physical memory 5 20 as default device 5 19 Physical requirements 1 3 PID process identifier 5 35 Pin assignments C 1 for CPU module connector C 1 for diskett drive connector C 15 for Ethernet connector C 4 for keyboard and mouse connector C 7 C 17 for PI VMEbus connector C 1 for P2 VMEbus connector C 2 for parallel port connector C 8 for PMC I O companion card connectors C 9 for PMC option 1 connectors C 9 for PMC option 2 connectors C 13 for primary breakout module connector C 5 for secondary breakout module connector C 6 for serial port connectors C 4 for VMEbus connectors C 1 I O module connectors C 1 PMC I O companion card 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 9 3 2 3 9 connector on I O module 2 4 connector pin assigments C 9 layout 2 9 See also PMC options troubleshooting systems that include B 2 voltage supply 3 9 PMC option co
113. e ISR was invoked Console Command i8254 diag t 6 Figure 8 1 Loopback Descriptions for Interval Timer Test 3 and 4 Configuration for Interval Timer test 3 To make a loopback for test 3 connect pin C11 to C14 With a second jumper connect C12 to C13 VMEbus P2 Connector _ row C 14 13 12 11 ze Configuration for Interval Timer test 4 MASTER SLAVE Alpha VME For test 4 the MASTER signals must be the input for the second Alpha VME module Connect pins C11 and C14 of the MASTER to C14 of the SLAVE With a second jumper connect C12 and C13 of the MASTER to C13 of the SLAVE VMEbus P2 Connector SLAVE VMEbus P2 Connector MASTER row C 14 13 C 14 13 12 11 B B A A MLO13463 Console Mode Diagnostics DECchip 21040 Ethernet Controller Tests The DECchip 21040 Ethernet Controller diagnostics verify that the internal and external loopback mechanisms of the DECchip 21040 Ethernet controller chip are operating properly and are performing write and read operations on behalf of all configuration registers Ethernet Internal Loopback Test The Ethernet Internal Loopback Test transmits Ethernet packets from the transmit ring in main memory loops them back at the MAC layer and returns them to the receive ring in main memory No traffic is put on the network cable This test transmits Ethernet packets from the transmit ring in main memory and places them on the network medium twisted pair cable It concurrently
114. e command init ev gt gt gt init ev Note A System Reset or init command must be issued immediately after this command to set all environment variables to their default values gt gt gt Reset the system or issue the init command to ensure that the new default environ ment variable settings take effect 6 42 Console Command Reference init initialize a device or the processor and console Initializes a device or the processor and console Syntax init d device Option d device Initialize the specified device Example 1 gt gt gt init Initialize the processor and console 2 gt gt gt init d ewa0 Initialize device ewa0 Console Command Reference 6 43 kill delete process Syntax Arguments pid Example See Also Deletes the specified processes kill pid Specifies the process IDs PIDs of the processes to be deleted To acquire a list ing of PIDs associated with your system use the ps command gt gt gt memtest p 0 amp gt gt gt ps grep memtest 000000f1 00217920 2 9357 ffffffff 0 memtest ready gt gt gt kill f1 gt gt gt ps grep memtest Run memtest and display the test s PID f1 with the ps and grep commands Using the displayed data delete the process with the kill command Try to display the test process again The command output shows that the process is gone ps 6 44 Console Command Reference line read a line
115. e controller accomplishes this through its low level register interface or by applying Symbios SCSI scripts Once the controller is configured in PCI address space programming of the Sym bios 53C810 chip is compatible with the Symbios 53C720 chip Functional Components For more information on programming the Symbios 53C720 chip see the chip s programming guide 3 8 3 PMC I O Companion Card The optional PMC I O companion card provides a 21052 PCI to PCI bridge chip and two sets of PMC connectors for adding one double width or two single width PMC option modules One of the PMC connector sets includes a third connector that allows I O access through the P2 connector PCI bus arbitration supports two PMC devices with up to four interrupt request lines The PCI clock is driven from the CPU and I O subassembly at a frequency of 32 MHz The card connectors provide 3V and 5V supply voltages Although you can have mixed supply voltages between cards the PCI bus signaling voltage must be configured to 5 V when the card is installed 3 9 Nbus Interface The Nbus interface is a simple nonmultiplexed resource bus that is based on the ISA bus and supports 8 bit data transfers and 16 bit addressing This bus provides an interface to the PCI bus through an Intel System I O chip 82378ZB The interface translates PCI I O references to the Nbus into simple read and write cycles for resources attached to the Nbus lines Such resources include the sys
116. e count at the expense of the main memory zone The command assumes that the two memory zones are physi cally adjacent z heap address Examples Operate on the heap at the specified address 1 gt gt gt dynamic zone zone used used free free utili high address size blocks bytes blocks bytes zation water 00097740 1048576 389 358944 17 689664 34 371872 001D2B80 14805504 1 32 1 14805504 0 0 2 gt gt gt dynamic cv z 97740 zone zone used used free free utili high Console Command Reference 6 19 address size blocks bytes 00097740 1048576 398 359520 371872 3 gt gt gt dynamic h zone zone used used address size blocks bytes 00097740 1048576 392 359136 a 00097740 000E1600 001E0600 000E1608 001BF628 00000000 f 000E1600 0017E600 00097740 00189E68 00097748 FFFFFFFF 000E1600 a 0017E600 001823C0 000E1600 001BF448 001BO0D6C 00000023 0017E600 gt gt gt See Also alloc free 6 20 Console Command Reference blocks bytes zation water TT 689088 34 free free utili high blocks bytes zation water 17 689472 34 389280 00097740 32 643072 15808 echo display text output Sends a line of text that you enter on the command line to the standard output By default standard output is your console screen The echo command separates arguments words in the line with blanks and adds a new line character to the end of the line Syntax echo n args Argument
117. e data that was written and read In the case of quadword write and read operations the test forms the quadword by shifting the longword of random data to the left by 32 and ORing it with the original data s comple ment Note The run time of the random memory test can be noticeably longer than that of the other memory tests because the test requires two calls to the console firmware s random number generator every time the test writes data 5 10 6 3 Victim Eject Memory Test 5 30 The victim eject memory test exercises memory using a specified block of data By default the test uses a block containing four longwords of OxFs four long words of Os four longwords of OxFs and 4 longwords of Os in that order You have the option of instructing the test to use a block of data that you set up prior to running the test You specify the address of the block of data with the memtest command s ba option The victim eject memory test proceeds as follows 1 Writes the specified block of data to the specified starting address Using the Console iS 4 5 6 7 Adds 4 MB to the starting address Writes arbitrary data to the new resulting address This causes the original data to be victimized to memory Reads data starting at the original starting address Verifies that the data is correct Increments the starting address by a block Repeats steps 1 through 6 for the remainder of the specified address range 5 10 6
118. e equivalent UNIX command chmod rwxbz file Specifies the files or inodes for which the attributes are to be modified Clear the specified attributes Set the specified attributes Set the specified attributes and clear all other attributes not included in the com mand line Set or clear the read attribute Set or clear the write attribute Set or clear the execute attribute Set or clear the binary attribute Set or clear the expand attribute 1 gt gt gt chmod x script Sets the executable attribute for the file script 2 gt gt gt chmod r errlog Sets the file errlog to read only and clears all other attributes 3 gt gt gt chmod w dk Makes all SCSI disks nonwriteable 6 8 Console Command Reference See Also chown Is l Console Command Reference 6 9 chown change ownership of memory block Syntax Arguments pid Changes the ownership of a memory block to a specified process chown pid address Specifies the hexadecimal process identifier PID of the new owner process To display the PIDs of the system s current processes use the ps command address Example See Also Specifies the hexadecimal addresses of the memory blocks for which ownership is to be changed gt gt gt chown ps grep idle find 0 alloc 200 Uses the ps command to display the system s current processes pipes the output to the grep command to find an idle process
119. e help e How to display help for multiple commands e How to control the display of online help 4 5 1 Displaying Online Help To display online help specify the help or the man command with the name of the command for which you are seeking help If you do not specify a command name the console displays a complete listing of console commands For help on the help or man command including help on the symbols used to rep resent syntax specify help or man with the help command as shown in the fol lowing example gt gt gt help help 4 5 2 Displaying Online Help for Multiple Commands You can request help on multiple commands in a single command line by separat ing the command names with a space or by using wildcards The following exam ple shows how to display help on the examine and deposit commands gt gt gt help examine deposit NAME examine FUNCTION Display data at a specified address SYNOPSIS examine b w 1l q o h d physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n lt count gt s lt step gt lt device gt lt address gt NAME deposit FUNCTION Write data to a specified address SYNOPSIS deposit b w 1l qg o h physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n lt count gt s lt step gt lt device gt lt address gt lt data gt Console Basics 4 3 To display help on all commands that begin with st such as start and stop specify an asterisk as follows gt gt gt help st 4 5 3 Controllin
120. e keeps track of the last referenced address If you issue an examine or a deposit command without an address the console firmware uses the next address The console computes the next address as the last referenced address plus the current data size 5 8 4 Specifying a Data Size You have the option of explicitly specifying the size of the data to be examined or deposited by including one of the following options in the command line Option Data Size b Byte W Word l Longword q Quadword 0 Octaword h Hexaword 5 8 5 Depositing and Examining Data in Memory The steps for gaining access to and manipulating data in memory are as follows 1 Find an unused block of memory To find a block of memory use the alloc command see Section 5 10 3 for more information Note Because the console itself and other critical data structures reside in mem ory be careful not to alter them The alloc command in the following example finds an unused 1000 byte block of memory gt gt gt alloc 1000 O3FFFOOO The address of the allocated block is in this case OXO3FFF000 2 Adda value to physical memory Use the deposit command to add a value to physical memory The follow ing command adds a value of 1 gt gt gt deposit pmem 3fff000 1 3 Check the contents of the address Use the examine command to check the contents of the address For example gt gt gt examine pmem 3fff000 pmem 3FFF000 00000001
121. e microprocessor s functional units and caches in a functional block diagram Figure 3 2 21164 Alpha Microprocessor Functional Block Diagram Instruction a Fetch Instruction Decode Bus Cache Interface and 8KB Branch Unit Unit Data Cache 8KB Write Through 21164 Microprocessor 40 Bit Address 128 Bit Data ML014168 For more detailed information on the microprocessor see the Digital Semiconduc tor 21164 Alpha Microprocessor Hardware Reference Manual 3 4 Functional Components 3 3 21172 Core Logic Chipset The DIGITAL 21172 core logic chipset supports the 21164 Alpha microprocessor in high performance uniprocessor systems The chipset includes an interface to the 64 bit peripheral component interconnect PCI bus and associated control and data paths for the 21164 microprocessor chip memory and level 3 Bcache Sections 3 3 1 and 3 3 2 discuss the chipset components and features For more detailed information on the 21172 core logic chipset see the Digital Semiconduc tor 21172 Core Logic Chipset Technical Reference Manual 3 3 1 Chipset Components The chipset consists of e A control I O interface and address CIA chip 21172 CA chip The CIA chip is a 388 pin plastic ball grid array PBGA package that provides control functions for main memory a bridge to the 64 bit PCI bus and control functions for the DSW chips and part of the I O data path e Four data swit
122. e system Once issued the command prevents you from rebooting from the console until you alter NVRAM bytes using the SROM Mini Console Note If the I O module s debug jumper is installed the system displays the SROM Mini Debugger prompt every time you power on the system While in the SROM Mini Debugger you can start the SRM console by entering the st command and then entering address 0x8000 at the address prompt as follows SROM st a 8000 Syntax set reboot srom Example gt gt gt set reboot srom Set the reboot flag to enter Serial ROM Mini Console the next time you reset or power on the system Console Command Reference 6 65 set toy sleep disable TOY clock s internal oscillator Syntax Example Disables the DS1386 TOY clock s internal oscillator When you execute this com mand bit 8 of the MONTH register of the device is set to 1 disabling the TOY clock s oscillator This prevents the TOY clock s time registers from advancing and lengthens the life of the device s internal lithium battery The next time you power on the system the console firmware automatically reenables the oscillator enabling the clock to count time again This command is useful for final testing during manufacturing or for preparing the system for storage Note Reset the time and date once the module is powered on after disabling the battery set toy sleep gt gt gt set toy sleep Set the TOY clock into sto
123. egister Dump 8 9 3 Timers Loopback Test 8 6 DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Time keeper Tests 8 11 Ethernet Internal Loopback Test 8 9 Heartbeat Timer Test 8 1 Interval Timer Tests 8 4 LAN Address ROM Dump Test 8 14 LAN Address ROM Tests 8 14 LAN Address ROM Verification Test 8 14 NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O Processor Tests 8 16 NCR810 Command Status Register Dump 8 16 NCR810 Command Status Register Reset Value Test 8 17 NCR810 Command Status Register Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Live Bus Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Loopback Test 8 17 NCR810 Interrupt Test 8 17 NCR810 PCI Configuration Register Test 8 16 NVRAM Address On Address Test 8 11 NVRAM March I Test 8 11 Timer 0 Loopback Test 8 6 Timer Interrupt Test 8 8 Timer 2 Interrupt Test 8 7 Timer 2 Square Wave Test 8 4 Timer 2 Terminal Count Test 8 4 TOY Clock Bitwalk Test 8 12 TOY Clock Time Advancement Test 8 13 VIC Register Write Read Test 8 20 VIP PCI Configuration Register Test 8 20 VIP Register Write Read Test 8 20 VME Interface Tests 8 20 VME Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 20 Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test 8 19 Console serial port 2 4 connector pin assignments for C 4 Control I O interface and address CIA chip 3 5 Controllers diskette drive controller 2 1 Ethernet controller 2 1 3 2 interrupt 3 9 SCSI controller 2 1 3 2 Controls front panel 2 4 figure showing 2 5 Cooling requirements 1 6 CPU See 21164 Alpha microprocessor C
124. em These include both SROM and flash ROM code This appendix e Briefly discusses SROM and flash ROM diagnostics Sections B 1 and B 2 e Provides guidance on troubleshooting systems that include a PMC I O com panion card B 3 e Briefly discusses use of the dot matrix display by operating systems and applications B 4 e Provides troubleshooting tips B 5 For details about system diagnostics see Chapter 7 B 1 SROM Diagnostics SROM diagnostics execute when you power on the system and display decreasing numeric codes 8 7 1 on the dot matrix display to indicate status All SROM tests must pass successfully before the flash ROM and console diagnostics run If one or more SROM diagnostics fail the flash ROM and console diagnostics are not loaded and a single right angle bracket prompt SROM gt appears on the con sole terminal The code of the failing diagnostic appears on the dot matrix display In some cases additional information appears on the console terminal B 2 Flash ROM Diagnostics When the SROM diagnostics complete successfully the flash ROM diagnostics are loaded decompressed and executed Flash ROM diagnostics use an ascend ing A B I character based code to indicate progress If one or more flash ROM based diagnostics fail the code representing the first error remains on the dot matrix display and alternates between dim and bright intensity If all SROM and flash ROM diagnostics pass and you have not
125. ence net perform MOP operations Syntax Arguments port Options S csr Using a specified Ethernet port performs basic maintenance operations protocol MOP operations such as loopbacks ID requests and remote file loads This command also allows you to observe the status of anetwork port Specifically when you use net with the s option the command displays the current status of a port including the contents of MOP counters This command is useful for moni toring port activity and trying to isolate network failures net s sa ri ic id 10 11 rb csr els kls cm mode da node_address 1 file name lw wait in secs sv mop version port Specifies the name of the Ethernet port on which to operate If you do not specify a port the command uses the default port EWAO Display port status information including MOP counters Display the port s Ethernet station address Reinitialize the port s drivers Initialize the MOP counters Send a MOP request ID to the destination node specified with the da option Send an Ethernet loopback to the destination node specified with the da option This option 10 is I for loopback and zero Request a MOP loopback Request a system reboot by sending a MOP V4 request boot message to the remote boot node specified with the da option Console Command Reference 6 53 Display the values of the Ethernet port control status regi
126. er it could be confusing if you begin two memtest processes simulta neously with one beginning at address 0xa00000 for length 0x100000 and the other at 0xb00000 for length 0x100000 This will result in the second memtest process displaying the following message Unable to allocate memory of length 100000 at starting address b00000 The second process should use the starting address 0xb00020 5 10 6 Graycode Memory Test 5 28 The graycode memory test uses the following algorithm to test a specified section of memory data x gt gt 1 4x The variable x is an incremented value Using the Console The test makes three passes over the memory being tested For Pass The Test 1 Writes a data pattern that alternates graycode and inversed graycode to each longword This causes all but one data bit to toggle between each longword write For example graycode 0 0x00000000 while the inverse of graycode 1 0xFFFFFFFE Reads the data at each location verifies the data and writes the inverse of the data The test performs these operations one longword at a time to ensure that e All data bits are written as a one and zero e All but one data bit toggle between longword writes e Address shorts are identified Reads and verifies each location You can instruct the graycode memory test to e Perform pass 1 only by specifying the fast mode option f When you use this option the test detects ECC EDC errors only
127. er a E TERRAS oe 1 1 Physical Requirements eeu E RR EE ee eng 1 3 Power Requiremients 2 653 lt sce Rd RR RET kr TUS IE EUR 1 4 Environmental Specifications and Requirements c2cneneeeeneeneennnn 1 5 Environmental Specifications 0 0 sssusa eee cee e 1 5 Cooling Requirements snos bey Sid s Selb eh width RELEASE UU ip EIQUE 1 6 Regulatory Compliance sssleeeeeeeeeee I 1 6 2 Module Components Module Component Overview 0 0 cece eet cent eae 2 1 CPU Modul rrt hee a E ee ee T 2 2 IO Module esse VIEN ESEMU ENEERLA MP NES EBENE 2 3 CPU and I O Assembly Controls and Indicators 0 0 0 0 cece eee 2 4 Memory Modules 1 5 4x exp die ees Si EE Ue tue ies eant 2 5 Primary Breakout Module 0 cece cee tenet rer 2 7 Secondary Breakout Module 0 0 eee cette eens 2 8 PMC I O Companion Card 0 2 cece eee enna 2 9 3 Functional Components Functional Component Overview 0 0 cee ne 3 2 21164 Alpha Microprocessor lesse 3 3 21172 Core Eogic Chipset 2 mean eh duo ERE Pee 3 5 Chipset Components orero bs eee Re e Rm RR ee ees en RE eds 3 5 Chipset Features i t oL EET ek eS eo fot LE eee eR 3 5 Bc che Subsystems ioi sao Rey ADR ER IE RH RR ne DR Rs 3 6 Memory Subsystem sss saci ee eret ED Se hs DORN BG bue Re 3 6 SROM odehnat e eek See MORE Dee ee ee ee oe REN RE 3 7 Clock Interface nee Bil tack Se We eu e Rire aks mune 3 7 P
128. erval and time keeping accuracy is better than minute month at 25 C The clock maintains time in the absence of Vcc by using an internal lithium less than 0 5 grams energy cell that has an active life of at least 10 years In addition internally the clock protects against spurious accesses during power transitions Functional Components Some applications may require the TOY clock and NVRAM to operate from an external uninterruptable power supply UPS The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs have an onboard switch J3 switch 1 to allow a connection to the 5 V standby connection 5VSTDBY on the VMEbus When Switch 1 is closed the VME 5VSTDBY is connected to the TOY supply through isolation diodes The chip is socketed to allow e Replacement when the internal power source is no longer functional e Physical removal of the NVRAM The TOY clock registers are updated every 0 01 seconds You gain access to the clock to examine or set the current time by using the console date command see Section 5 5 3 9 4 Watchdog Timer 3 9 5 NVRAM The watchdog timer resides on the Dallas Semiconductor DS1386 chip The watchdog timer allows hardware to bring the system back to a known state when a software failure occurs An application can initialize the watchdog timer with a value in the range 0 01 to 99 9 seconds If left unaccessed the timer decrements towards 0 If the timer reaches 0 the watchdog timer halts the system jump to Halt entry i
129. es Specifies the commands or topics for which you request help For each command specification that you specify the man command tries to find all topics that match For example if you specify a ex as the command specifica tion man displays information about the exit and examine commands The man command supports wildcards Use an asterisk as the wildcard char acter For example enter man to display help on all console commands The man command treats command specifications as regular expressions For more information on regular expressions see the grep command Help command specifications are case sensitive 1 gt gt gt man Display a list of console commands for which help is available 2 man Display help on all console commands 3 gt gt gt man ex Display help on all commands that begin with ex 4 gt gt gt man boot Display help on the boot command Console Command Reference 6 47 memexer memory exerciser Syntax Argument Starts a specified number of graycode memory test processes running in the back ground Each test randomly allocates and tests blocks of memory twice the size of the Bcache using all available memory The command does not display any output unless an error occurs memexer number of tests number of tests Example See Also Specifies the number of memory test processes to start The default is 1 To run tests indefinitely specify 0 g
130. et EWA0 PROTOCOLS BOOTP Set the network protocol for booting and other network functions to be BOOTP 4 gt gt gt set BOOTDEF DEV ewa0 Set the default device from which the system attempts to boot to EWAO 6 62 Console Command Reference See Also 5 set AUTO ACTION BOOT Set the system s default console action to boot after an error halt or power on 6 gt gt gt set BOOT FILE avme sys Set the file name to be used when the system s boot requires a file name 7 set BOOT OSFLAGS 0 1 Set the system s default boot flags to 0 1 8 gt gt gt set foo 5 Create environment variable foo and set its value to 5 clear show Console Command Reference 6 63 set led display char on LED Displays a character on the front panel light emitting diode LED Syntax set led char b Argument char Specifies the character to be displayed on the front panel LED Specify the char acter in quotation marks You must specify a metacharacter with a backslash V prefix Options b Display the character in bright mode The default is dim mode Example gt gt gt set LED W b Display an uppercase W on the LED panel at full brightness See Also show led 6 64 Console Command Reference set reboot srom set reboot mode to Serial ROM Mini Console Enters the Serial ROM SROM Mini Console When you issue this command the module enters the SROM Mini Console the next time you reset or power on th
131. etrics mode and report throughput at the end of the exercise Use verbose mode for read operations and write the data that is read to standard output STDOUT This option does not apply to write and comparison opera tions Console Command Reference 6 31 Examples Delay processing by the specified number of milliseconds if s appears in the action string gt gt gt exer dk p 0 secs 36000 Read all SCSI type disks for the entire length of each disk Repeat this for 36000 seconds 10 hours All disks are read concurrently Each block read occurs at a random block number on each disk gt gt gt exer l 2 dkaO Read block numbers 0 and 1 from device dkaO gt gt gt exer sb 1 eb 3 bc 4 a w d1 0x5a dkaO Write OxSas to every byte of blocks 1 2 and 3 The packet size is bc bs 4 512 2048 for all writes gt gt gt ls 1 du dk d no such file po dk 0 0 0 dka0 0 0 0 0 gt gt gt exer dk bc 10 sec 20 m a r dka0 0 0 0 0 exer completed packet IOs elapsed idle size IOs bytes read bytes written sec bytes sec seconds secs 8192 3325 27238400 0 166 1360288 20 19 gt gt gt exer eb 64 bc 4 a w Rc dkaO Perform a destructive write test on blocks 0 through 100 on disk dka0 The packet size is 2048 bytes The action string specifies the following sequence of operations a Setthe current block address to a random block number on the disk between 0 and 97 A 4 block pa
132. evel scripting Because the console is built around a multitasking kernel it can support more complex functions such as system exercisers the Maintenance Operations Protocol MOP listener and remote console operations 4 3 Entering Console Mode 4 2 Console mode provides the user interface to the SBC s firmware You enter this mode automatically when the power on self test POST completes Upon enter ing console mode the system displays the following prompt gt gt gt The system also enters console mode when Console Basics You press the Halt Reset switch on the front panel The SBC receives a VMEbus reset signal and configuration switch 3 on the I O module is enabled You use the operating system command for entering console mode The operating system executes a HALT instruction The watchdog timer is enabled and the system software allows the timer to time out You initiate an external hardware reset by using pin C10 on the P2 VMEbus connector Note Depending on the operating system and applications running at the time pressing the Halt Reset switch or receiving a VMEbus reset signal with configuration switch 3 enabled could damage application files 4 4 Exiting Console Mode To exit console mode use the console command boot 4 5 Online Help The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console provides online help for each con sole command Sections 4 5 1 through 4 5 3 discuss e How to display onlin
133. evice data has been processed Lowercase action string characters specify operations that use buffer1 Upper case action string characters specify operations that use buffer2 The action string character c requires the use of both buffers The action string characters and do not use a buffer Table 6 1 lists the action string characters and corresponding actions The default action string is r Table 6 1 Action String Characters Character Action r Read data from a device and place the data in buffer w Write data that is in buffer to a device R Read data from a device and place the data in buffer2 W Write data that is in buffer2 to a device n Write data that is in buffer without using locking to maintain mutual exclusion N Write data that is in buffer2 without using locking to maintain mutual exclusion c Compare the contents of buffer and buffer2 Console Command Reference Table 6 1 Action String Characters Continued Character Action Seek to a file offset prior to performing the last read or write operation P Seek to a random block offset within a specified range of blocks call the random function to create each of a set of numbers once and then choose a set that is a power of two and is greater than or equal to the block range Each call to random results in a number that is then mapped to the set of numbers in the block range The exer command seeks to that location in
134. f file expression file hd byte word long quad file Console Command Summary A 1 Table A 1 Console Command Summary Continued Command Options Arguments help command spec init ev init d device kill pid line Is A file man command spec memexer number of tests memtest sa start address ea end address 1 length ba block address bs block size i address inc p pass count d data pattern rs random seed rb f m z h mb t g se net s sa ri ic id 10 11 rb csr port els kls cm mode se da node address l file name lw wait in seconds sv mop version ps pwrup rm file sa process id affinity mask semaphore set default integer string envar value set led b char set reboot srom set toy sleep sh v x d 1 r p arg show system param envar show log n count all new sleep v time sort file sp process id priority start drivers device prefix address stop drivers device prefix processor num update file filename protocol transport device source device target target device You must issue the boot command before using update A 2 Console Command Summary B Troubleshooting The DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs include extensive diagnostic capabilities that execute when you power on the syst
135. f memory 0 0 cece eee 6 2 boot boot the system crasu e Ih 6 4 break break from a program loop 6 6 eee eens 6 6 Cal COPY DIES cise Be eho pee a ted ede eM eaten dtes t Posie Bait 6 7 chmod change file attributes 20 0 0 eee eee ee 6 8 chown change ownership of memory block 0 0 00 cee eee eee eee 6 10 clear delete environment variable 0 0 0 0 0c cee eee 6 11 clear log clear error login NVRAM 0 0 cc cece eee ees 6 12 date display or change the date and time eee 6 13 deposit write data to memory seeleeeee eee eee 6 14 dynamic show memory seleeeee e 6 19 echo display text output isses hh 6 21 eval evaluate expression lese e 6 22 examine display memory data 0 2c cee eee eee 6 24 exer exercise devices s ose fies cA MEAG SOAS BANS eee e ated dads 6 29 exit exit current shell process 6 34 false return a failure status 2 eee tenes 6 35 free deallocate memory seseseeeeeeee ee ees 6 36 grep search for regular expressions 00 cece ee 6 37 hd dump file contents 0 0 eee eee eee 6 40 help display help on commands 0 0 c cece eee teens 6 41 init ev initialize environment variables 222 c cc 6 42 init initialize a device or the processor and console 00 0000 eese 6 43 kill delete process
136. face processor VIP the Cypress VIC064 chip the scatter gather RAMs and some of the interrupt paths from the VME corner to the Alpha processor These tests perform no VMEbus transactions and therefore require no additional VMEbus modules VIP PCI Configuration Register Test The VIP PCI Configuration Register Test reads the first 8 longwords of the VIP PCI configuration space Only the device and vendor ID and base addresses 0 1 2 and 3 are compared to an expected value The remaining longwords are always read and displayed only if you specify the dd option Console Command vip diag t 1 Command Option dd Print detailed test information VIP Register Write Read Test The VIP Register Write Read Test ensures that the bits of a VIP register can be written and read correctly verifying the data path and internal access Console Command vip diag t 2 Command Option dd Print detailed test information VIC Register Write Read Test The VIC Register Write Read Test ensures that the bits of a VIC register can be written and read correctly verifying the data path and internal access Console Command vip diag t 3 Command Option dd Print detailed test information VME Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 20 The VME Scatter Gather RAM Test verifies the integrity of the scatter gather RAM by performing write read and verify operations of various patterns to the entire scatter gather RAM Console Command vip d
137. fff0 0 gt gt gt e n 3 ffffeO pmem FFFFEO EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF pmem FFFFE8 EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF pmem FFFFFO 0000000000000000 pmem FFFFF8 EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF gt gt gt e n 3 ffffeO grep v 0000000000000000 pmem FFFFEO EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF pmem FFFFE8 EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF pmem FFFFF8 EFEFEFEFEFEFEFEF gt gt gt free ffffe0 gt gt gt Using grep search for all quadwords in a range of memory that are non Zero Console Command Reference 6 39 hd dump file contents Dumps the contents of a file in hexadecimal and ASCII format Syntax Arguments file Options byte word long quad Examples 6 40 hd byte word long quad file Specifies the files to be displayed Print the data in bytes Print the data in words Print the data in longwords Print the data in quadwords 1 gt gt gt echo n the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog gt gt gt hd foo 00000000 74 68 65 20 71 75 brown 00000010 66 6F 78 20 6A 75 over 00000020 74 68 65 20 6C 61 2 gt gt gt byte foo 00000000 74 68 65 20 71 75 brown 00000010 66 6F 78 20 6A 75 over 00000020 74 68 65 20 6C 61 3 gt gt gt word foo 00000000 6874 2065 00000010 6F66 2078 00000020 6874 2065 4 gt gt gt long foo 00000000 20656874 00000010 20786F66 00000020 20656874 5 gt gt gt quad foo 7571 6369 206B 7262 776F 206E 756A 706D 6465 6F2
138. g the Display of Online Help If full help is available the commands help and man display all information on all commands To control the amount of help text that the console displays at a time combine the help or man command with the more command The following example combines the help and more commands gt gt gt help more This command combination displays a screen of text at a time Press the spacebar to continue the display or press Ctrl C to terminate the display 4 6 Console Command Overview The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console interface consists of a set of com mands for operating a system running diagnostics and verifying application design Some of the commands are similar in function to UNIX commands Chapter 6 describes the console commands in detail Table 4 1 shows a sampling of the most commonly used commands Table 4 1 Commonly Used Console Commands Command Description boot Bootstraps the system cat Copies the contents of files to standard output deposit Writes data to a specified address echo Sends specified text to the current output device eval Evaluates a specified expression examine Displays the contents of a specified address exer Exercises system devices with read write and comparison operations grep Searches for expressions and writes the search results to standard out put hd Dumps the contents of a file help Displays the definition and syntax for specified commands Is D
139. g timer has timed out Note The LED can appear to light continuously when the module is receiving slave accesses Since the LED glows for 1 3 of a second each time it flashes three slave accesses per second could make the LED light continuously A green LED that is lit when the power is on See your operating system documentation for information on how to recover from reset and halt operations 2 5 Memory Modules The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs support memory configurations that range from 16 to 512 MB of dynamic random access memory DRAM This memory is accessible from the CPU PCI bus and VMEbus You can plug either two or four dual integrated memory modules DIMMs rang ing from 8 MB to 128 MB into the memory connectors on the CPU module Fig ure 2 5 shows a typical memory module Module Components 2 5 2 6 Figure 2 5 Memory Module ML013783 The number of DIMMs you use determines the memory bus bandwidth and con sequently the overall speed of data write and read operations to and from memory DIGITAL recommends that you use four DIMMs to achieve maximum perfor mance No jumper changes are required The system automatically configures memory based on the DIMMs you install The following table shows the width of the memory bus and its performance when you use two and four DIMMs Number of DIMMs Bus Width Memory Bandwidth 2 128 bits 210 MB s 4 256 bits 355 MB s Error correction code ECC
140. gate input from the P2 loopback connector In this test you can cause Timer 0 inputs on the P2 connector to be driven by a master Alpha VME SBC running Test 3 by specifying the lp option on the command line This test essentially emulates the slave system found in the Real Time Clock and Interval Device Driver functional specification Console Mode Diagnostics This test enables only Timer 0 as is done in Test 3 but does not use Timer 1 or Timer 2 The clock and gate come from the timers on the master Alpha VME SBC Timer 0 interrupts when the gate is received and its count is decremented to 0 Note A VMEbus P2 loopback connector is required See Figure 8 1 for a description of the loopback connections Console Command 18254 diag t 4 Command Option e np Do not print a P2 connector message Miscellaneous Notes Test 3 must be invoked with the Ip option on the master Alpha VME SBC prior to invoking this test Timer 2 Interrupt Test The Timer 2 Interrupt Test exercises Timer 2 with the timer interrupt disabled The gate input for Timer 2 is always enabled and the clock input is connected to a 10 MHz 100 ns period clock source Timer 2 is programmed to mode 0 interrupt on terminal count After the timer is initially programmed to mode 0 and loaded with a count value OUT output is low and remains low until the internal count value reaches zero When the count value reaches zero OUT output is asserted high and remain
141. gt gt d b n 1FF pmem 0 0 Clears the first 512 bytes of physical memory 2 gt gt gt d l n 3 vmem 1234 5 Deposits 5 into four longwords starting at virtual memory address 1234 3 gt gt gt d n 8 RO FFFFFFFF Console Command Reference 6 17 Loads general purpose registers RO through R8 with 1 4 gt gt gt d 1 n 10 s 200 pmem 0 8 Deposits 8 into the first longword of each of the first 17 pages in physical memory See Also examine 6 18 Console Command Reference dynamic show memory Syntax Options C r h p V Shows the state of dynamic memory Dynamic memory is split into two main heaps the console s private heap and the remaining memory heap dynamic c r h p v extend byte_count z heap_address Perform a consistency check on the default heap or the heap specified with option Z Repair a broken heap by flooding free blocks with DYN K_FLOOD_FREE if and only if the free blocks have been corrupted Repairing broken heaps is danger ous at best as it masks underlying errors This flag takes effect only if a consis tency check is being done Display the headers of the blocks in the default heap or the heap specified with option z Display dynamic memory statistics on a per process basis Perform a validation test on the default heap or the heap specified with option z extend byte count Extend the default memory zone by the specified byt
142. gt gt gt memtest p 0 amp Start up another memory test task gt gt gt 4 15 Creating Scripts 4 10 A script is a file that contains a sequence of console commands The console firm ware contains many scripts such as the power up script that you can run by typ ing the name of the script file If you have a complex command or a series of commands that you have to use fre quently you can write a script for your convenience Use the echo command and the output creation operator gt to write characters to a file The file is the script The following example creates the script foo which invokes the examine com mand gt gt gt echo e pmem 3fff000 gt foot Write e 0 to file foo gt gt gt cat foo 4 List foo e pmem 3 f f000 gt gt gt foo Execute script foo pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000000 To add another command to the script use the append operator gt gt If the com mand you are appending contains characters that could be interpreted by the echo command specify the characters with a grouping operator The following example uses the single quote grouping character to prevent the command separator operator in the appended command from terminating the echo command gt gt gt echo d 3fff000 5 e 3 000 gt gt foo Append d 0 5 e 0 to foo gt gt gt cat foo List foo e pmem 3 000 d 3fff000 5 e 3 000 gt gt gt foo Execute foo pmem 3FFF000
143. ha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs have a total of 4 MB of electrically eras able and writable flash ROM The flash ROM is segmented into 1 MB windows using bits 1 0 of a module control register The system console firmware is pre written into the first 512 KB providing you with 3 5 MB of additional space to use for your application To protect the contents of the flash ROM from unauthorized or accidental updates you must close DIP Switch 2 on the I O module before enabling write operations That switch must always be open unless you are updating the flash ROM The state of the switch is stored in Flash Switch bit 3 of the module control regis ter Independent of the state of the switch you can overwrite the setting in the software to enable automatic updates 3 9 3 TOY Clock 3 10 The Dallas Semiconductor DS1386 chip provides the SBC s time of year TOY clock functionality This chip also supports the watchdog and SRAM functionality as nonvolatile random access memory NVRAM Note The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs do not support the DS1386 chip s alarm features The TOY clock maintains the system s time year month date day hour minute second 110th of a second and 1 100th of a second The clock corrects the date for months with fewer than 31 days and for leap years In addition the clock can maintain the time in 24 hour or 12 hour AM PM format The square wave output of the chip generates a fixed 1024 Hz int
144. he I O module 54 24319 01 C 2 1 P1 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Table C 1 lists the pin assignments for the PI VMEbus connector P2 Connector Table C 1 P1 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Pin Row A Row B Row C 1 VME_DO VME_BBSY_L VME D08 2 VME DI VME BCLR L VME D09 3 VME D2 VME ACFAIL L VME_D10 4 VME_D3 VME_BGINO_L VME DII 5 VME_D4 VME BGOUTO0 I VME_D12 6 VME D5 VME BGINI L VME D13 Module Connector Pin Assignments C 1 Table C 1 P1 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Continued Pin Row A Row B Row C 7 VME D6 VME BGOUTI L VME DI4 8 VME D7 VME BGIN2 L VME_D15 9 Ground VME_BGOUT2_L Ground 10 VME_SYSCLK VME_BGIN3_L VME_SYSFAIL_L 11 Ground VME BGOUT3 I VME BERR L 12 VME_DSI_L VME_BRO_L VME_SYSRESET_L 13 VME_DSO_L VME_BRI_L VME_LWORD_1 14 VME_WRITE_L VME_BR2_L VME AM5 15 Ground VME BR3 L VME A23 16 VME DTACK L VME AMO VME_A22 17 Ground VME AMI VME A21 18 VME AS L VME AN2 VME A20 19 Ground VME AM3 VME A19 20 VME IACK L Ground VME_A18 21 VME IACKIN L N C VME A17 22 VME IACKOUT L N C VME A16 23 VME AMA Ground VME AI5 24 VME A7 VME IRQ7 L VME_A14 25 VME_A6 VME_IRQ6_L VME A13 26 VME A5 VME IRQ5 L VME A12 27 VME A4 VME IRQ4 L VME AII 28 VME A3 VME IRQ3 L VME AI0 29 VME A2 VME IRQ2 L VME A09 30 VME AI VME IRQI L VME A08 31 PWRN 12 VME_SVSTBY PWRP12 32 VCC VCC VCC C 2 2 P2 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments C 2 Table C 2 lists the pin assignments for the P2
145. he contents of two buffers The exer command uses two buffers in memzone heap of main memory bufferl and buffer2 A read or write operation can use either buffer A com pare operation uses both buffers The total number of bytes read or written on each pass of the exerciser is specified by the length in blocks or starting and ending block address options Syntax exer sb start block eb end block p pass count 1 blocks bs block size bc block per io dl bufl1 string d2 buf2 string a action string sec seconds m v delay milliseconds device Arguments device Specifies the names of one or more devices or file streams to be exercised Options sb start block Use the specified hexadecimal value as the starting block number within the file stream The default is 0 eb end block Use the specified hexadecimal value as the ending block number within the file stream The default is 0 p pass count Run the exerciser for the specified number of passes If you specify 0 the exer ciser runs forever or until you enter Ctrl C The default is 1 l blocks Exercise the specified number of blocks Specify the block value as hexadecimal This option has precedence over the eb option If the exerciser is reading only and you do not specify l or eb the exerciser reads until it reaches the end of file EOF If the exerciser is writing and you do not specify 1 or eb the exerciser w
146. hether console input and output are to use the console serial line or a graphics console if present Using the Console 5 5 Table 5 2 Environment Variables Continued Variable Parameter Values Description D BELL ON or OFF Specifies whether the bell is to sound on error The default is OFF D CLEANUP ON or OFF Specifies whether cleanup code is to be executed at the end of diagnostics The default is ON D COMPLETE ON or OFF Specifies whether a diagnostic completion message is to be displayed The default is OFF D EOP ON or OFF Specifies whether end of pass messages are to be displayed The default is OFF D GROUP FIELD MFG or other Specifies the diagnostic group to be executed The up to 32 characters default is FIELD D HARDERR CONTINUE HALT or Defines the action that is to be taken following a LOOP hard error detection The default is HALT D OPER ON or OFF Specifies whether an operator is present The default is OFF D PASSES O run indefinitely 1 Specifies the diagnostic pass count The default is 1 pass or a user defined value D REPORT SUMMARY FULL or Specifies the level of information to be provided by OFF diagnostic error reports The default value is FULL D SOFTERR CONTINUE HALT or Defines the action that is to be taken following soft LOOP error detection The default is CONTINUE D STARTUP ON or OFF Specifies whether a diagnostic startup message is to be displayed The default is OFF D TRACE ON or OFF
147. iag t 4 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass Console Mode Diagnostics Part IV Appendixes Part IV consists of the following appendixes e Appendix A Console Command Summary e Appendix B Troubleshooting e Appendix C Module Connector Pin Assignments A Console Command Summary Table A 1 summarizes the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console commands Table A 1 Console Command Summary Command Options Arguments alloc flood z heap address size modulus remainder boot file boot file flags longword boot device protocols enet protocol halt break break level cat l length file chmod r w x b z file chown pid address clear envar clear log date EEDvyyyy Imm da hhmm ss deposit b w l q o h device address data physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n count s step dynamic e r h p v extend byte_count z heap address echo n args eval ib io id ix b o d x operandl operand2 operator examine b w l q o h d device address physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n count s step exer sb start block eb end block p pass count device 1 blocks bs block size bc block per io d1 buf1 string d2 buf2 string a action string sec seconds m 7v delay milliseconds exit exit value false free address grep c i n v
148. ies the processors on which the process can run sa process id affinity mask process id Specifies the process ID PID of the process for which the affinity mask is to be modified affinity mask Example See Also Specifies the new affinity mask which indicates on which processors the process can run Bits O and 1 of the mask correspond to processors 0 and 1 respectively gt gt gt memtest p 0 amp gt gt gt ps grep memtest 00000025 001a9700 2 23691 00000001 0 memtest ready gt gt gt sa 25 2 gt gt gt ps grep memtest 00000025 001a9700 2 125955 00000002 1 memtest running gt gt gt ps sp Console Command Reference 6 59 semaphore show system semaphores Shows all the semaphores known to the system by traversing the semaphore queue Syntax semaphore Example gt gt gt semaphore Name Value Address First Waiter dyn sync 00000001 00050378 dyn_release 00000001 000503A0 shell iolock 00000001 0015D684 exit iolock 00000001 0015D770 grep iolock 00000001 0015DB20 eval iolock 00000001 0015DCOC chmod iolock 00000001 0015DCF8 C gt gt gt 6 60 Console Command Reference set set environment variable Syntax Arguments envar value Options default integer string Examples Sets the value of an environment variable Use environment variables to pass con figuration information between the console firmware and the operating system Some envi
149. ified data is larger than the specified size the console firmware ignores the command and issues an error If the data is smaller than the specified size the firmware pads the data with leading zeros before writ ing it Use a data size of byte Console Command Reference Use a data size of word Use a data size of longword q Use a data size of quadword 0 Use a data size of octaword h Use a data size of hexaword physical Write the data to physical memory Using this option is the same as specifying pmem for device virtual Write the data to virtual memory Using this option is the same as specifying vmem for device gpr Write the data to the general purpose registers Using this option is the same as specifying gpr for device fpr Write the data to the floating point registers Using this option is the same as spec ifying fpr for device ipr Write the data to the internal processor registers Using this option is the same as specifying ipr for device n count Write to the specified number of consecutive locations The console firmware deposits to the first address then to the specified number of succeeding addresses Specify count as a hexadecimal value s step Increment the address location by the specified size By default the address increment size is the data size Use this option to override the default This option is not inherited Specify step as a hexadecimal value Examples 1 gt
150. iguration register 8 16 Console Mode Diagnostics NCR810 Command Status Register Test The NCR810 Command Status Register Test writes reads and compares the con tents of all NCR810 CSRs that can be tested When the test finishes it returns the registers to their initialized values Console Command ncr810 diag t 3 Command Option Ip Loop on write and read operations NCR810 Command Status Register Reset Value Test The NCR810 Command Status Register Test checks that a reset of the NCR810 sets the CSRs to their default values as defined by the NCR810 53C810 chip specification Console Command ncr810 diag t 4 NCR810 Internal Loopback Test The NCR810 Internal Loopback Test performs a SCSI loopback internal to the NCR810 chip The following data patterns are used all 1s all Os alternating 1s and Os The test also verifies parity checking and that the SCSI reset control lines can be toggled internally Console Command ncr810 diag t 5 NCR810 Internal Live Bus Loopback Test The NCR810 Internal Live Bus Loopback Test performs an internal SCSI loop back that also drives the signal lines on the SCSI bus You must remove all devices from the SCSI bus before running this test Devices on the bus interfere with the test and cause false error reports Also the test data may produce invalid device instructions and cause the devices to hang First the test places the SCSI bus in a high impedance state by loading a data pa
151. in Assignments 2 2 0 0 cece eee ee eee P1 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments P2 VMEbus Connector Pin Assignments Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments 000000000 eee Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments llle Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments eese eee Secondary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments eese Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments 0 000000 eee ee Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments 00 0 eee PMC VO Companion Card Connector Pin Assignments 00 0000 00 00 PMC Option 1 Connector Pin Assignments 00 0 0 e eee eee PMC Option 2 Connector Pin Assignments 00 0 0 eee PMC I O Companion Card Diskette Drive Connector Pin Assignments PMC VO Companion Card Keyboard and Mouse Connector Pin Assignments Figures 1 1 Required Air Flow Relative to Ambient Temperature 2 1 Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Module Components 2 2 CPU Module Layout 0 0 cee 2 3 V O Module Layout cele Rl Reve ra 2 4 Controls and Indicators 2 0 0 eee eee eee 2 5 Memory Module 4 odie ee ee ee ek ee ees 2 6 Primary Breakout Module 0 0 0 ee eee 2 7 Secondary Breakout Module 0 0 00 c eee eee eee 2 8 PMC VO Companion Card Layout eere 3 1 Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Functional Components 3 2 21164 A
152. interrupt enable bits for Timers 0 and 2 bits 4 and 5 of the interrupt status register at address 0x4010 are not writable directly You toggle bits 4 and 5 by writing to addresses 0x4010 and 0x4014 respectively In both cases the data written is Don t Care e A read of the interrupt status register at address 0x4014 causes both interrupt status bits bits O and 1 to be cleared e Due to hardware limitations on interrupt detection the value programmed for Timer 2 must be greater than 2 e See the Intel 8254 interval timer sheet for more details Timer 2 Square Wave Test The Time 2 Square Wave Test exercises Timer 2 The gate input for Timer 2 is always enabled and the clock input is connected to a 10 MHz 100 ns period clock source 8 4 Console Mode Diagnostics Timer 2 is programmed to mode 3 square wave mode After the timer is initially programmed for mode 3 and then loaded with a count value the OUT output pro duces a continuous square wave output whose period is equal to the count value multiplied by the period of the clock input The count values are chosen such that they check stuck NDATA lines The event of OUT transitioning from low to high should generate a CPU interrupt provided the timer 2 interrupt enable bit is set The ISR invoked due to the timer generated interrupt increments an interrupt counter and sets a global flag indicating the interrupt took place and that software was dispatched to the correct point
153. ipr Internal processor registers pt PAL temporary register set pcicfg PCI configuration space pcidmem PCI dense memory space pcismem PCI sparse memory space pciio PCII O space eerom Environment variable and error log NVRAM ferom Intel 28F020 firmware FEPROM toy DS1386 registers clock chip and NVRAM You can direct the examine or deposit command towards a specific device by specifying the corresponding device name in the command line 5 8 3 Device Byte Offsets 5 20 One of the arguments that you must specify with the deposit and examine com mandis is the address of the data to be examined or the address at which data is to be deposited Because the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs treat an address space as a device the address argument that you specify becomes a byte offset For example pmem 0 refers to the location in physical memory at offset zero that is physical address 0 If you do not supply a device name the offset applies to the last device referenced physical memory by default However in the remaining discussions the terms address and offset are used synonymously The examine and deposit commands act on a physical address You can specify the actual address or use a symbol in Table 5 3 to point to the address Table 5 3 Symbols Used by Examine and Deposit Commands Symbol Description 4 Next address Current address Previous address Using the Console These symbols work because the consol
154. iption of the loopback connections The Ip option enables the timers indefinitely making the SBC the master time provider for Test 4 Timer 2 and Timer 1 are programmed to mode 3 square wave mode Timer 0 is programmed to mode 1 After you program the timers with the appropriate mode and load them with a count value the OUT output produces a continuous square wave output that has a period equal to the count value multiplied by the period of the clock input In this test Timer 2 provides a major clock which basically pro vides the start time of Timer 0 and Timer 1 produces a much faster clock called the minor clock which controls the rate that Timer 0 counts down Timer 0 is the only interrupt that is enabled during this test The event of OUT transitioning from low to high should generate a CPU interrupt The ISR invoked due to the timer generated interrupt increments an interrupt counter and sets a global flag indicating the interrupt took place and that software was dispatched to the correct point The test verifies that the interrupt occurs and that no more than one interrupt occurs per major clock cycle Console Command i8254 diag t 3 Command Options e np Do not print a P2 connector message e p Prevent timers from being stopped at the end of the test This option is required before you invoke Test 4 Timer 0 Loopback Test 8 6 The Timer 0 Loopback Test exercises only Timer 0 Timer 0 accepts its clock and
155. ironment variable 5 7 EWAO DEF INETFILE environment variable 5 7 EWAO DEF SINETADDR environment variable 5 7 EWAO INET INIT environment variable 5 7 EWAO LOOP COUNT environment variable 5 7 EWAO LOOP INC environment variable 5 7 EWAO LOOP PATT environment variable 5 7 EWAO LOOP SIZE environment variable 5 7 EWAO LP MSG NODE environment variable 5 7 EWAO MODE environment variable 5 7 EWAO PROTOCOLS environment variable 5 8 EWAO TFTP TRIES environment variable 5 8 EWAn DEF GINETADDR environment variable 5 13 EWAn DEF INETADDR environment variable 5 13 EWAn DEF INETFILE environment variable 5 13 EWAn DEF SINETADDR environment variable 5 13 EWAn DEF SUBNETMASK environment variable 5 13 examine command 5 2 5 19 6 24 exer command 5 2 5 24 6 29 8 1 Exercise buffers 5 24 Exercise operations 5 25 Exercises 5 25 exit command 5 3 6 34 Expressions evaluating 5 3 5 33 6 22 searching for 5 4 6 37 External monitoring device 2 7 External timing signals 2 7 F Failure status returning 6 35 Failure status returning 5 3 5 36 false command 5 3 5 36 6 35 FDC37C665GT Super I O chip See Super I O chip fi reserved word 4 7 Files boot 5 5 5 11 5 13 6 4 changing attributes of 5 3 6 8 copying to standard output 5 3 6 7 deleting 5 3 6 58 dumping contents of 5 3 6 40 listing 5 3 6 46 Index 7 loading remotely 6 53 managing 5 3 5 37 searching for expressions
156. is manual Abbreviations Register access The following list describes the register bit and field abbreviations Bit Field Abbreviation Description MBZ must be zero Bits and fields specified as MBZ must be zero RO read only Bits and fields specified as RO can be read but not writ ten RW read write Bits and fields specified as RW can be read and written SBZ should be zero Bits and fields specified as SBZ should be zero WO write only Bits and fields specified as WO can be written but not read Binary multiples The abbreviations K M and G kilo mega and giga represent binary multiples and have the following values Abbreviation Binary Multiple K 219 1024 M 2 1 048 576 G 230 1 073 741 824 For example 2 KB 2 kilobytes 2 x 2 bytes 4MB 4 megabytes 4 x 2 bytes 8 GB 8 gigabytes 8 x 2 bytes Addresses Unless otherwise noted addresses and offsets are hexadecimal values Bit Notation Multiple bit fields can include contiguous and noncontiguous bits contained in angle brackets lt gt Multiple contiguous bits are indicated by a pair of numbers separated by a colon For example lt 9 7 5 2 0 gt specifies bits 9 8 7 5 2 1 and 0 Similarly single bits are frequently indicated with angle brackets For example 27 specifies bit 27 Caution Cautions indicate potential damage to equipment or loss of data Data Field Size The term INTnn whe
157. is populated with nine 9 nanosecond 64K bit X 36 bit synchronous static random access memories SRAMs Bcache features include e A block size of 64 bytes e System bus Bcache private read write transfer rate of 700 MB s e ECC protection e Use of the flush cache coherency protocol as described in the Digital Semi conductor 21164 Alpha Microprocessor Hardware Reference Manual The 21164 Alpha microprocessor controls the level 3 Bcache array as shown in Figure 3 3 Figure 3 3 Level 3 Bcache Array 21164 Microprocessor index h 20 4 un data ram oe h un data ram we h un tag ram oe h un tag ram we h index h 20 6 tag data h 38 30 tag data h 29 20 tag data par h tag ctl par h tag valid h ML013816 3 5 Memory Subsystem 3 6 The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs support two or four dynamic random access memory DRAM DIMMs for up to a total of 512 MB of 60 nanosecond EDO main memory The memory resides in a single bank Table 2 2 lists valid DIMM combinations Quadword error checking and correction ECC is supported on the memory and system buses The 21172 core logic chipset controls and routes all CPU to mem ory caching and PCI direct memory access DMA operations The DSW and CIA components of the chipset provide a high speed memory data path that has a width of either 128 or 256 bits depending on the mode in which the SBC is oper Functional Compone
158. isplays a listing of files in the system man Displays the definition and syntax for specified commands memexer Executes memory test processes in the background memtest Executes memory tests ps Displays the status and statistics associated with system processes sa Specifies the processors on which a specified process can run 4 4 Console Basics Table 4 1 Commonly Used Console Commands Continued Command Description set show sleep Sets the value of an environment variable Displays information about the system Suspends execution of a console process Most console commands require that you specify arguments In most cases you can also specify options that give you a finer level of control over the command s execution Options have a hyphen prefix as in b When specifying options you must separate the option from the command and arguments with spaces For example you must specify e b 0 If you enter e b 0 the console issues an error message 4 7 Special Keys Table 4 2 lists special key and key combinations that perform specific console operations Table 4 2 Special Keys for Console Operation Keys Operation Ctrl U Ignores the current command line Backspace Delete Deletes a character within the command line Ctrl S Suspends command output to the console terminal Ctrl Q Resumes command output to the console Ctrl C Aborts the current command if possible The console program has no
159. issipation typical CPU with 512 MB and no PMC option 352 MHz 9 A idle 13 A peak 480 MHz 11 A idle 15 A peak 0 2 A 01 A 5 352 50 W 5 480 60 W Environmental specifica tions Operating temperature Storage temperature Temperature change Relative humidity 0 C to 50 C with forced air cooling 40 C to 66 C 20 C hour 10 to 95 noncondensing Operating systems DIGITAL UNIX VxWorks for Alpha Version 4 0A or higher Version 5 2C or higher 1 2 Physical Requirements DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs have the industry standard 6U VME form factor and requires two adjacent backplane slots in your VME chassis A third slot is required if you use the optional PMC I O companion card Specifications and Requirements 1 3 Once you identify the slots you must make sure sufficient space exists on the back of the selected slots to install a primary breakout module This module requires a minimum of 38 mm 1 5 in For a description of the primary breakout module see Section 2 6 If you choose to use the secondary breakout module you need an incremental clearance of at least 56 mm 2 25 inches to install the module For a description of the secondary breakout module see Section 2 7 1 3 Power Requirements The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs require power voltages of 5 V and 12 V The VME backplane provides the power to the logic of the SBCs through the P1 and P2 VMEbus conne
160. isters are started and updated for a three second time period After the three second update period the registers are then examined to verify that each parameter did indeed roll over to the appropriate value The diagnostic test cleans up by reenabling the watchdog reset bit in the module control register and restoring the original contents of the TOY clock command register Note The current date and time has to be reset after invoking this diagnostic test since approximately 3 seconds of time is lost for each pass Console Command ds1386 diag t 4 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass Miscellaneous Notes This diagnostic is an extended test TOY Clock Time Advancement Test The TOY Clock Time Advancement Test is a power on diagnostic It verifies that the TOY clock registers are advancing with clock ticks The test reads the current value of the seconds register Then the test sleeps for 1 2 seconds and reads the seconds register again expecting it to have incremented with the exception of the rollover case The rollover case is where the seconds register advances from 59 to 0 If the rollover case is encountered the test sleeps for another second and reads the register again This is repeated four times Console Command ds1386 diag t 5 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass Miscellaneous Notes This diagnostic is a POST diagnostic Console Mode Diagnostic
161. ity mask m You can specify multiple processors by using a list or range Form amp a m Grouping Shows which commands are grouped together in complex command lines These operators override the precedence of pipe sequence and background operators Form cmd1 cmd2 cmd3 7 Pattern specifiers Specifies a character or group of characters to match in character strings matches any characters or none matches any single character matches any of the enclosed characters Form str arg 1 2 3 4 10 Controlling the Radix of Command Input By default the console interprets numbers that you enter in a console command line as hexadecimal To change the radix of command input to decimal precede the input value with d To explicitly specify a hexadecimal radix precede the input value with x 4 11 Using Flow Control The console provides reserved words that you can use in flow control struc tures The reserved words include case elif fi in while do else for then done esac if until The syntax for valid control structures follows e while command_sequence done Console Basics 4 7 e while command sequence do command sequence done until command sequence done until command sequence do command sequence done for name do command sequence done e for name in list do command sequence done e case word in case part list pattern command sequence s pattern command se
162. l process exit Start the execution of a program or driver at a start specified address Display console process status and statistics ps Delete specified console processes kill Break from a for while or until control loop break Return a failure status false Specify the processors on which a console process sa can run Display the semaphores known to the system semaphore Set the priority of a console process sp Suspend the execution of a console process sleep Managing Files and File Content Copy specified files to standard output cat Change the attributes of a specified file chmod Dump the contents of a file hd List the files and inodes that are in the system Is Remove specified files from the system rm Using the Console 5 3 Table 5 1 Summary of Console Operations Continued Operation Command Sort the content of a file sort Writes specified text to standard output echo Search for expressions in specified files grep Copy a line from the input channel of a file to line the standard output channel for that file 5 2 Managing Environment Variables 5 4 Environment variables define the following types of configuration information for a system s firmware and operating system Boot parameters Console terminal characteristics Options associated with diagnostic tests Network protocols and associated characteristics and data Values for storage bus adapters Versions of PALcode and console firmware PCI bus settings U
163. le for e Creating and exiting console processes Monitoring the status of system processes e Setting the priority of a console process e Specifying the CPU on which a console process can run e Suspending the execution of a console process e Stopping and deleting processes from the system e Breaking from control loops e Returning a failure status e Displaying the semaphores known to the system 5 17 1 Creating and Exiting Console Processes Create spawn new console processes by using the sh command You can pass arguments to the new process and use options to control whether e Lines are to be displayed as they are read Acommand should be displayed just before being executed e The contents of standard input stdin should be deleted when the process exits e Lexical elements tokens should be displayed as they are recognized e Rules should be displayed as they are executed e The names of routines should be displayed as they are called When you are ready to exit a console process you can do so by using the exit command You can specify a status value to be returned on exit If you choose not to specify an exit status the command returns the status of the last command exe cuted 5 17 2 Monitoring Processes The console monitors all processes while they are executing To see the status of all the processes use the ps command This command displays the following information for each console process in the system 5 34
164. lect one of the items unless the items are optional I 1 You must specify one and only one of the enclosed items a b c You must specify the enclosed items together arg You can repeat the preceding item one or more times UNPREDICTABLE and UNDEFINED This manual uses the terms UNPREDICTABLE and UNDEFINED Their mean ings are different and must be carefully distinguished UNPREDICTABLE results or occurrences do not disrupt the basic operation of the processor The processor continues to execute instructions in its normal man ner In contrast UNDEFINED operations can halt the processor or cause it to lose information xiii For More Information For more information refer to the following e Your supplier e A DIGITAL Field Applications Engineer e The DIGITAL OEM web site at http www digital com oem e The following DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC documentation which is available on the DIGITAL OEM web site Document Order Number Description DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Board Computer Family Data Sheet DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Cover Letter DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Warranty and Parts Information DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers Installation Guide DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers User Manual DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Single Board Computers
165. llel port a key board and mouse the Flash ROM the TOY clock and NVRAM The optional PMC I O companion card provides a PCI to PCI bridge two PMC option slots and keyboard mouse and diskette drive connectors Module Components 2 1 Figure 2 1 identifies the module components of an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC and optional PMC I O companion card Figure 2 1 Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Module Components MLO13780 The numeric callouts in the figure identify the following key components 1 PMC I O companion card option VO module CPU module Memory modules Secondary breakout module o oci A CO Iv Primary breakout module Note The I O module 2 and CPU module 3 are attached and share a com mon front panel These modules should be detached only to replace the SROM They appear separately in Figure 2 1 only to provide a view of primary SBC module components 2 2 CPU Module The CPU module is the compute engine of Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs Figure 2 2 shows the layout and primary components 2 2 Module Components Figure 2 2 CPU Module Layout 1 2 i me 4 zu E ML013781 The numeric callout
166. log command This command sets the entire log area to zero and resets all error logging pointers counters and initialization flags accordingly Prior to initializing the error log area the command displays the following confir mation message Error Log data in NVRAM will be destroyed Continue y n If you prefer not to be prompted for confirmation specify the command s nc option 5 16 Evaluating Expressions The console firmware evaluates postfix expressions that you specify with the eval command The expression must consist of two numeric operands and an operator in that order Valid operators include Operator Meaning Add the operands Subtract the second operand from the first Multiply the operands Divide the first operand by the second Using the Console 5 33 The default radix for operands and command output is decimal Command options ib io id and ix allow you to specify the radix as binary octal decimal or hexadecimal respectively Similarly the options b o d and x specify the radix of the command s output 5 17 Managing Console Processes At any given time you can have multiple console processes running on your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC Each console process is a shell process that implements most of the functionality that is offered by the UNIX Bourne shell The console interface provides commands that help you manage your console pro cesses Commands are availab
167. lpha Microprocessor Functional Block Diagram B 1 B 1 B 2 B 2 B 2 C 1 C 1 C 1 C4 1 6 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 3 3 4 vii wo Qo C5 mo Kd co I I alee up l Roma gt 00 0 0 99oopooooooo o Tables viii Qo Oo N Das dd 1 215 Al Roms brodo shed O ONO o 0000000000000010 Bon 0 15 Level 3 Beache Array essen ann teen sen 3 6 PCI to VME Interface Components 3 14 Loopback Descriptions for Interval Timer Test 3 and 4 8 8 LAN Address ROM Format lle 8 15 Console and Auxiliary Connector Pin Assignments C 4 Ethernet Connector Pin Assignments esee C 4 Primary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments C 6 Secondary Breakout Module Connector Pin Assignments C 7 Keyboard and Mouse Pin Assignments 0 0 0 0 0 eee eee ee C 8 Parallel Port Connector Pin Assignments eese ese C 9 PMC Option 1 Connectors 2 0 00 eee ee C 9 PMC Option 2 Connectors 0 0 0 eee ne C 13 PMC VO Companion Card Diskette Connector Pin Assignments C 17 PMC I O Companion Card Mouse and Keyboard Connector Pin Assignments C 18 Alpha VME5 352 and 5 480 SBC Specifications 04 1 1 Input Power Requirements 1 4 Environmental Specifications 0 0 0 cece eee ee 1 5 Controls and Indicators 0 0 0 eee eee eee 2 5 Valid DIMM Combinations
168. lusive items Choose only one of a b or c alblc Braces enclosing items separated by vertical bars indicate combi natorial items Choose any combination of a b and c You can use the help and man commands interchangeably help command spec command spec Examples Specifies the commands or topics for which you request help For each command specification that you specify the help command tries to find all topics that match For example if you specify a ex as the command specifica tion help displays information about the exit and examine commands The help command supports wildcards Use an asterisk as the wildcard char acter For example enter help to display help on all console commands The help command treats command specifications as regular expressions For more information on regular expressions see the grep command Help command specifications are case sensitive 1 gt gt gt help Display a list of console commands for which help is available 2 gt gt gt help Display help on all console commands 3 gt gt gt help ex Display help on all commands that begin with ex 4 gt gt gt help boot Display help on the boot command Console Command Reference 6 41 init ev initialize environment variables Syntax Example Sets all environment variables to default values For the new variable settings to take effect you must reset the system or issue the initializ
169. m off and on to run the new image in the FEPROMs 6 Open DIP switch 2 on the I O module to disable write operations to the FEPROM Using update command options you can specify the name of the FEPROM update image whether MOP or TFTP is to be used as the source transport proto col the device from which the image is to be loaded ewa0 and whether the con sole or user flash is to be upgraded For more information about firmware updates see the documentation provided in your firmware update kit 5 8 Examining and Depositing Data If you need to manipulate data within an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC you can do so by using the examine and deposit commands These commands manip ulate byte streams extents of memory sets of registers physical devices or files and address spaces which this discussion collectively refers to as devices 5 8 1 The Default Device Unless otherwise specified the default device is physical memory If you specify another device that device becomes the default A default device is sticky in that all subsequent commands affect that device until you explicitly specify another device Using the Console 5 19 5 8 2 Console Device Drivers The console uses drivers as the mechanism for referring to various devices and provides drivers for the following Alpha devices Device Name Description pmem Physical memory vmem Virtual memory gpr General purpose registers fpr Floating point registers
170. mit the argument the command lists all files and inodes on the system Lists the files and inodes in long format When using long format the command lists each file and inode on a line with additional information By default the com mand lists just names 1 gt gt gt ls examine examine Lists the file named examine 2 gt gt gt 1s d d date debugl debug2 decode deposit dg piadlist dka0 0 0 0 0 dke100 1 0 4 0 dub0 0 0 1 0 dynamic Lists files and inodes that start with d 6 46 Console Command Reference man help on commands Syntax Arguments Displays the syntax for Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console firmware com mands If you do not specify a command the man command displays information about itself and lists the commands for which additional information is available The following conventions are used for the command syntax that the man com mand displays Convention Description lt item gt Angle brackets denote an item for which you must specify a value lt item gt Square brackets enclose optional arguments options or values a b c Braces enclosing items separated by commas indicate mutually exclusive items Choose only one of a b or c alblc Braces enclosing items separated by vertical bars indicate combi natorial items Choose any combination of a b and c You can use the help and man commands interchangeably man command spec command spec Exampl
171. mit the device argument For hexadecimal addresses that start with f you must add a leading zero 0 to prevent recognition as a floating point register For example Of0 is a valid mem ory address while f0 is not If you do not specify the device argument you can specify one of the follow ing symbolic addresses Value Description gpr General purpose register 0 fpr Floating point register 1 ipr Internal processor register pt or pt0 pt31 PAL Temporary registers 0 through 31 The data size defaults to quad word the address space defaults to pt PC Program counter execution address register The last address size and type are unchanged The location immediately following the last location referred to by the examine or deposit command For references to physical or virtual memory the location is the last address plus the size of the last refer ence For other address spaces the address is the last address referred to plus one The location immediately preceding the last location referred to by the examine or deposit command For references to physical or virtual memory the location is the last address minus the size of the last refer ence For other address spaces the address is the last address referred to minus one i The location last referred to by the examine or deposit command Uses the data at the last address referred to by the examine or deposit command The data to be written If the spec
172. moving Environment Variables from System Name Space If a subset of the environment variables do not apply to your system configura tion you may want to consider removing them from the system name space To remove a variable from the name space specify the variable as an argument to the clear command If you specify a variable name that includes a wildcard such as EWAO the command removes a group of related variables from the name space In the case of the EWAO example the command removes all environ ment variables that begin with EWAO Note Some environment variables are permanent and are not affected by this clear command 5 3 Booting the System You boot your SBC to initialize the processor load a program image and transfer control to that image To initiate a boot operation use the boot command In the command line you have the option of specifying e One or more devices from which the system is to be booted e A program image to be booted e Boot flags for passing additional information along to the operating system e The protocol to be used for booting over the network e That the console gain control immediately after the boot image is loaded 5 3 1 Specifying Boot Devices You can specify the boot device for an SBC by setting the value of the environ ment variable BOOTDEF DEV or by specifying one or more devices with the boot command BOOTDEF DEV defines a default boot device list To override the default b
173. mum The chip behaves e Asa bus slave when communicating with the PCI bus to gain access to con figuration and control status registers e Asa bus master when communicating with memory The Ethernet controller handles the following types of cycle termination e Target initiated retry e Abort e DEVSEL abort Target aborted terminations cause an interrupt The physical connection to the network is through the Ethernet IOBASE T twisted pair connector located on the front panel of the CPU and I O subassembly The Ethernet ID address for the Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC assembly is stored in a 20 pin socketed PLCC For more information on programming and using the DECchip 21040 AA see the DECchip 21040 AA Specification 3 8 2 SCSI Controller 3 8 The SCSI controller for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs is based on the Symbios 53C810 chip This controller allows you to attach up to seven SCSI devices to your SBC The primary breakout module provides an interface to a standard SCSI cable This module brings the SCSI bus to a standard 50 pin SCSI connector pinning for direct connection to an unshielded SCSI A cable A 6 pin jumper block on the module controls SCSI termination as follows e Enables SCSI termination when the jumper is set across pins 1 and 3 e Disables SCSI termination when the jumper is set across pins 3 and 5 The controller can affect high level SCSI operations with very little intervention from the processor Th
174. n rs random seed rb f m 7 h mb t g se sa start address Use the specified address as the starting address for the test The default is the first free space in the memory zone ea end address l length Use the specified address as the ending address for the test The default is start address plus length Test the specified length in bytes of memory The default length is equal to block size except with the rb option which uses the zone size The l option has precedence over the ea option ba block address Console Command Reference 6 49 6 50 Test the block of memory at the specified address using the victim eject memory test This option applies victim eject memory test only bs block size Test the specified amount of memory in bytes Specify the size as a hexadecimal value The default is 8192 bytes This option applies to the random block test only For all other tests the block size equals length i address inc Test memory at increments specified by the increment The default is 0 which implies no incrementation This option applies to the graycode test only The increment value is in quadwords that is an increment of one tests every other quadword This option is useful if multiple CPUs test the same physical memory To test an unaligned starting address you must also specify the z option d data pattern Use the specified test pattern The default patter
175. n 1 7 Device drivers 5 20 Device exerciser 8 1 Device locations seeking random 5 25 Devices 5 20 boot 5 5 5 10 6 4 byte offsets for 5 20 displaying information about 5 2 5 18 exercising 5 2 5 24 6 29 Index 6 initializing 5 2 6 43 managing 5 24 starting 5 2 6 77 stopping 5 2 6 78 stopping and starting 5 24 Dew point specification 1 5 Diagnostic completion message 5 6 Diagnostic pass count 5 6 Diagnostic startup message 5 6 Diagnostics Flash ROM B 1 groups 5 6 modes for 5 8 overview 7 1 running cleanup code after 5 6 See also Console mode diagnostics POST diag nostics SROM B 1 DIGITAL UNIX 1 3 DIMMs 2 5 3 6 connectors for 2 3 See also Memory valid combinations of 2 6 DIP Switch 2 I O module 3 10 Direct memory access DMA operations 3 6 Diskette drive connector 2 10 pin assignments for C 15 Diskette drive controller 2 1 Display dot matrix B 2 POST diagnostics 2 5 status 2 3 2 5 Dissipation specification 1 3 DMA operations 3 6 do reserved word 4 7 done reserved word 4 7 Dot matrix display B 2 Double bit errors 2 6 Down arrow key 4 5 DRAMs dynamic random access memory See Memory DS1386 real time clock 1 2 ds1386_diag command 8 2 8 11 8 12 8 13 DSW chips 3 5 DUMP DEV environment variable 5 6 Dumps crash 5 6 DVT design verification test loop service 5 31 dynamic command 5 2 5 26 6 19 Dynamic random access memory DRAM See Memory E ECC erro
176. n NVRAM will be destroyed Continue y n y Initializing NVRAM Error Log Prompts for confirmation to continue with the clear operation When the user rep sponds with y the firmware clears and initializes the NVRAM error log show log 6 12 Console Command Reference date display or change the date and time Displays or changes the date and time stored in the system s time of year TOY clock Note The date and time are not preserved if the TOY clock battery has been disabled with the set toy sleep command The next time the system is powered on the firmware reenables the battery but you may need to rein itialize the date and time The format of the date and time registers for the console is as described in the DS1386 specification except that the year register contains the number of years 1858 This is done to retain compatibility with the openVMS and UNIX operating systems Syntax date yyyylmm dd hhmm ss Arguments yyyymmddhhmm ss Specifies the new date and time as follows Field Meaning Valid Range of Values YYYy Year 0000 to 9999 mm Month 01 to 12 dd Day 01 to 31 hh Hour 00 to 23 mm Minutes 00 to 59 ss Seconds 00 to 59 If you omit this argument the command displays the current date and time To modify the date or time you must specify at least the hour and minute fields four digits If you include six digits the command interprets the input as the day hour and minute fiel
177. n firmware and then forces the module hardware to be reset some 300 ms later The applica tion can maintain the module by periodically accessing the watchdog timer regis ters When you access these registers the watchdog timer resets back to the initialization value Therefore as long as the worst case time between watchdog timer access is less than the programmed timeout value the module functions nor mally The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs indicate the status of the on board watch dog timer with the signal WD STATUS OC on pin C6 This signal is driven low when an on board watchdog timer expires The device that drives the signal is a 74LS05 open collector inverter This device is capable of sinking the signal a maximum of 8 mA IOL You can pull up the WD STATUS OC signal to the 5 V rail by using a2 KQ resistor and setting the primary breakout module jumper across pins 4 and 6 default To disconnect the resistor from the 5 V rail set the jumper across pins 2 and 4 In addition to the hardware support for watchdog timer operation you can config ure the firmware to dispatch to user code or continue with its default reset action on watchdog timeout The firmware can detect the expiration of the watchdog timer during a reset operation by examining the hardware reset reason register The jump to the Halt code just before the reset enables the firmware to record a snapshot of the processor s state before the hardware reset is complete
178. n is 5s p pass count Execute the test the number of times specified by the pass count If you specify 0 the command runs forever or until you enter Ctrl C The default is 1 rs random seed Use the specified random seed Use this option only with the rb option The default is 0 rb Randomly allocate and test all of the specified memory address range Allocations are done of size block size f Use fast mode If you specify this option the data comparison is omitted The console firmware detects only ECC EDC errors m Time the memory test and at the end of the test display the elapsed time By default the timer is off Zz Use the specified memory address without an allocation This bypasses all check ing but allows testing in addresses outside of the main memory heap It also allows unaligned testing Caution This flag allows you to test and corrupt any memory h Console Command Reference Allocate the memory to be tested from the firmware heap mb Use memory barriers after each memory access Use this option only for fast mode f graycode tests When you specify this flag the console firmware exe cutes an Alpha MB instruction after every memory access This guarantees serial access to memory t Run the specified tests By default the command runs all tests in the group speci fied by the g option The individual tests are as follows Test Test Number Graycode test 1 March test 2 Random test
179. n specify the following symbols for address f0 through f31 The default data size is quadword ipr Internal processor register set pt PAL Temporary register set The data size defaults to quadword pcicfg PCI configuration space pcidmem PCI dense memory space pcismem PCI sparse memory space pciio PCI I O space eerom Environment variable and error log NVRAM ferom Intel 28F020 firmware FEPROM toy DS1386 registers clock chip and NVRAM Specifies the address of the data that is to be examined The address can be e Any valid hexadecimal offset in the address space of the specified device e A symbolic address if you omit the device argument For hexadecimal addresses that start with f you must add a leading zero 0 to prevent recognition as a floating point register For example Of0 is a valid mem ory address while f0 is not Console Command Reference 6 25 Options b 6 26 Console Command Reference If you do not specify the device argument you can specify one of the following symbolic addresses Value Description gpr name fpr name ipr name pt name PC Names a general purpose register The data size defaults to quadword and the address space defaults to gpr Symbols you can specify as valid names include r0 through r31 ai ra pv fp sp and rz Names a floating point register The data size defaults to quadword and the address space defaults to fpr Symbols you
180. n to serving as a boot protocol the TFIP driver provides a mechanism for reading files across the network For example you can use a TFTP specifica tion when issuing the cat command to copy the contents of a remote file to stan dard output The syntax for a TFIP specification follows tftp n n n rpathname network interface The n n n nrepresents an Internet address in dotted decimal notation This must be the Internet address of the remote system from which you want to read the file The colon separates the Internet address from the pathname for the file to be read If the pathname includes slash characters you must replace them with double slashes in the specification Specify network interfaceasewan where n identifies the interface The following example displays the file usr foo bar which is on a remote system with address 16 123 16 242 using net work interface ewa0 gt gt gt cat tftp 16 123 16 242 usr 0o bar ewa0 For convenience you can save the Internet address in an environment variable For example gt gt gt set ktrose 16 123 16 242 gt gt gt cat tftp ktrose usr foo bar ewa0 If you omit the address and file specification TFTP uses the server address and file names defined by EWAn_DEF_SINETADDR and EWAn_DEF_INETFILE 5 5 Managing the TOY Clock 5 16 The time of year TOY clock maintains the SBC s time including the year month date day hour minute second 1 10th of a secon
181. name field specifies the host from which the SBC wants to boot If it does not matter which server responds to the request you can leave EWAn BOOTP SERVER unde fined Using the Console 5 11 The file field identifies the boot file the server is to include in its response For example if the file is specified generically as unix or lat the boot server would respond with a fully qualified file path to be used with TFTP If a machine will always be booting the same file you can leave EWAn BOOTP FILE undefined BOOTP establishes a connection with a boot server which in turn pro vides the SBC with the information it needs to obtain the boot image from the server The BOOTP server delivers the information in a message packet Using the same format the SBC stores the information in a 300 byte Internet database When the SBC receives the BOOTP packet the database is marked as initialized 2 The SBC uses TFTP to acquire the boot image TFIP uses the remote host address and the file name of the boot image to get the boot image file from the boot server host system TFIP gets this information from the BOOTP packet the boot command s file name argument or the BOOT FILE environment variable If the value of BOOT FILE is not specified in the correct format TFTP fails A common practice used to avoid this failure is to leave BOOT FILE undefined This causes TFTP to default to using the values of EWAn DEF SINETADDR and EWAn DEF
182. nments Sections C 5 3 through C 5 3 identify the pin assignments for the following PMC I O companion card 54 24665 01 connectors e PMC option 1 connectors e PMC option 2 connectors e Diskette drive connector e Mouse and keyboard connector C 5 1 PMC Option 1 Connector Pin Assignments Figure C 7 shows the locations of the PMC option 1 connectors J11 J12 and J14 the P2 VMEbus signal connector Tables C 8 through C 10 list the pin assignments for the connectors Figure C 7 PMC Option 1 Connectors P1 P2 2 J12 642 J14 64 1 631 63 2 J11 64 1 63 Module Connector Pin Assignments C 9 Table C 8 PMC Option 1 J11 Pin Assignments Signal Pin Pin Signal Ground 1 2 PWRN12 Ground 3 4 BPCIOPTO_IRQA_L BPCIOPTO IRQB L 3 6 BPCIOPTO IRQC L N C 7 8 VCC BPCIOPTO IRQD L 9 10 N C Ground 11 12 N C PCICLK OPTO L 13 14 Ground Ground 15 16 SGNTO_L SSREQO_L 17 18 VCC SVIO 19 20 BPCI AD31 BPCI AD28 21 22 BPCI AD27 PBCI AD25 23 24 Ground Ground 25 26 BPCI CBE3 L BPCI AD22 27 28 BPCI AD21 BPCI_AD19 29 30 VCC SVIO 31 32 BPCI ADI17 BPCI FRAME L 33 34 Ground Ground 35 36 BPCI IRDY L BPCI DEVSEL L 37 38 VCC Ground 39 40 BPCI_LOCK_L SVIO 41 42 SVIO BPCI_PAR 43 44 Ground SVIO 45 46 BPCI_AD15 BPCI ADI12 47 48 BPCI ADII1 BPCI AD9 49 50 VCC Ground 51 52 BPCI CBEO L BPCI AD6 53 54 BPCI AD5 BPCI AD4 55 56 Ground SVIO 57 58 BPCI
183. nnectors 2 10 PMC options 3 9 connectors for 2 9 C 9 Ports drivers for 5 31 parallel 2 9 3 13 serial 1 2 3 13 setting parameters for 4 1 POST diagnostics 7 1 affecting the sequence of 7 1 display for 2 5 memory diagnostic 7 5 NVRAM diagnostic 7 4 running 5 3 5 32 6 57 Power LED 2 3 2 5 2 10 requirements 1 4 input 1 4 source checking B 2 specifications 1 3 supplied by primary breakout module 2 7 Power on diagnostics Index 11 See POST diagnostics Power on self test POST diagnostics See POST diagnostics Primary breakout module 1 4 2 2 2 7 as a SCSI interface 3 8 checking the seating of B 2 connector pin assignments C 5 figure of 2 7 jumpers 3 8 Process control block PCB 5 35 Process identifier PID 5 35 Process priority 5 35 Process state 5 35 Processes console setting priority of 6 76 setting processor affinity for 6 59 creating 5 34 deleting 5 3 6 44 displaying the state of 6 56 displaying the status of 5 3 exiting 5 34 6 34 managing 5 3 5 34 monitoring 5 34 setting priority of 5 35 setting processor affinity for for 6 59 setting the priority of 5 3 shell creating 6 67 specifying CPU for 5 35 stopping 5 36 suspending 5 3 5 36 6 74 Processor affinity 5 35 6 59 registers 5 20 Processor affinity mask 4 7 Product specifications See Specifications Program counter 5 23 Program loop breaking 6 6 Programs starting 5 3 6 77 Prompt character seq
184. nsists of four parts and an index organized as follows Part I Introduction e Chapter 1 Specifications and Requirements provides product specifications physical power and environmental requirements and FCC regulations e Chapter 2 Module Components introduces the physical components of the SBC product e Chapter 3 Functional Components describes the SBC s functional compo nents Conventions Part II The Console Chapter 4 Console Basics gets you started with using the console Chapter 5 Using the Console to Operate the SBC explains how to perform various tasks using the console Chapter 6 Console Command Reference describes available console com mands Part III Diagnostics Chapter 7 Diagnostics and System Initialization introduces types of diagnos tics tests discusses system initialization and describes the power on self test POST diagnostics for nonvolatile RAM and memory Chapter 8 Console Mode Diagnostics describes diagnostics that you can ini tiate from the console Part IV Appendixes Appendix A Console Command Summary serves as a quick reference to available console commands Appendix B Troubleshooting provides some guidance with troubleshooting a Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC system Appendix C Module Connector Pin Assignments describes the pin assign ments for the various module connectors This section defines terminology abbreviations and other conventions used in th
185. ntax Argument file Example memory sort file Specifies the file to be sorted gt gt gt echo gt foo banana _ gt pear apple _ gt orange Create file foo with 4 lines gt gt gt sort foo apple banana orange pear Sort file foo and display the output Console Command Reference 6 75 sp set priority Syntax Arguments Modifies the priority of a process Note Changing the priority of the process impacts the behavior of the process and the rest of the system sp process id priority process id priority Example See Also Specifies the process ID PID of the process for which the priority is being set Specifies the new priority for the specified process Priority values range from 0 to 7 with 7 being the highest priority gt gt gt memtest p 0 amp gt gt gt ps grep memtest 00000025 001a9700 2 23691 00000001 0 memtest ready gt gt gt sp 25 3 gt gt gt ps grep memtest 00000025 001a9700 3 125955 00000001 0 memtest ready gt gt gt Raise the priority of process 25 from 2 to 3 ps sa 6 76 Console Command Reference start start program Starts program execution at the specified address or starts drivers Syntax start drivers device prefix address Argument address Specifies the PC address at which to start execution Options drivers device prefix Specifies the name of the device or class of devices to stop If y
186. nts 3 6 SROM ating When you use two DIMMs the SBC operates in 128 bit mode when you use four DIMMs the SBC operates in 256 bit mode The memory bus bandwidth in 128 bit mode is 210 MB s while the bandwidth in 256 bit mode is 355 MB s The memory subsystem optimizes its cache read miss with victim write cycle to improve memory and system bus bandwidth The optimizations are achieved by partitioning the the memory row and column addressing such that the read miss row and victim row addresses match The cache read miss cycle begins when the 21164 Alpha microprocessor recog nizes a cache read miss with victim When a read miss with victim is identified the microprocessor instructs the CIA chip to take the victim and then get the read miss data The CIA chip places the victim data in a DSW buffer while initiating a memory read cycle RAS CAS RAS The CIA and DSW chips then supply the read data to the microprocessor and cache then write the victim data to memory CAS CAS The resulting memory cycle CAS RAS read 32 bytes RAS read 32 bytes RAS write 32 bytes RAS write 32 bytes completes in 360 ns or 355 MB s The SROM for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs contains 8 KB of code that is loaded into the Alpha 21164 microprocessor s Icache serially when the system powers up or during a reset Execution is passed to this code in PAL mode SROM initialization is explained in detail in Chapter 7 The SROM is socketed to
187. number 0 appears on the dot matrix display when you power on the system The green LED is lit and a flashing A appears on the dot matrix display when you power on the system The green LED is lit and a flashing D appears on the dot matrix display when you power on the system The green LED is lit and a flashing F appears on the dot matrix display when you power on the system Troubleshooting Check the power source If 5 V power is out of specification the SBC is held in reset Check that all modules are seated properly Check the seating of the memory modules Ensure that the console terminal is not in hold screen mode Check the SCSI termination the seating of the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC CPU and I O module assembly the seating of the breakout modules the seating of the SCSI cable and the seating of all SCSI devices Check that the TOY Clock NVRAM device is seated properly Check the seating of the network address ROM Table B 1 Troubleshooting Your SBC Continued Symptom Corrective Action The green LED is lit and a flashing G Check the seating of the twisted pair cable appears on the dot matrix display when you and the nearest network transceiver power on the system The green LED is lit and a flashing I Check the seating of the Alpha VME 5 352 appears on the dot matrix display when you and 5 480 SBC CPU and I O module power on the system assembly the seating of the breakout mod
188. onnector For a description of the connector pin assignments see Appendix C Module Components 3 Functional Components This chapter describes the functional components associated with the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs The chapter begins with an overview Sec tion 3 1 and then describes the following 21164 Alpha microprocessor chip Section 3 2 21172 core logic chipset Section 3 3 Bcache subsystem Section 3 4 Memory subsystem Section 3 5 SROM Section 3 6 Clock interface Section 3 7 PCI interface Section 3 8 Nbus interface Section 3 9 VME interface Section 3 10 For information on the address mapping registers and system interrupts associ ated with these components see the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 Sin gle Board Computers Technical Reference Functional Components 3 1 3 1 Functional Component Overview 3 2 Figure 3 1 identifies the functional components of the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 CPU modules are based on the 21164 Alpha microprocessor and run at 352 MHz and 480 MHZ respectively The 21172 core logic chip set consists of the 21172 CA control I O interface and address CIA chip and four 21172 BA data switch DSW chips Nine SRAMs provide 2 MB of Bcache and two or four main memory DIMMs provide from 16 to 512 MB of EDO memory The system clock uses a phase lock loop PLL buffer circuit to provide SYSCLK signals to 10 system components at 3
189. onnector 1 3 VMEbus connectors pin assignments for C 1 Y cable connector 2 8 Console basics 4 1 case sensitivity 4 6 command arguments 4 5 command operators 4 6 command options 4 5 command summary A 1 commands See Commands defining action following an error halt or power up 5 5 device 4 1 device drivers 5 20 error log displaying contents of 5 33 initializing 5 33 managing 5 33 features 4 2 filtering output for 4 8 flow control 4 7 graphics 5 5 heap 5 26 initializing 5 2 6 43 invoking immediately after boot 5 16 managing 5 24 mode entering 4 2 exiting 4 3 operations 5 1 parser 4 6 processes creating 5 34 deleting 5 3 6 44 displaying the state of 6 56 displaying the status of 5 3 exiting 5 34 6 34 managing 5 3 5 34 monitoring 5 34 setting priority of 5 35 6 76 setting processor affinity 6 59 setting the priority of 5 3 specifying CPU for 5 35 stopping 5 36 suspending 5 3 5 36 6 74 prompt 4 2 character sequence for 4 5 redirecting I O for 4 9 reserved words 4 7 scripts 4 10 serial line 5 5 setting up for use 4 1 special keys for 4 5 specifying the language of 5 8 type ahead buffer support 4 6 UART 7 1 using 5 1 CONSOLE environment variable 5 5 7 2 Console firmware See Console Console mode diagnostics 8 1 21040 Configuration Register Test 8 10 21040 Control Status Register Dump 8 9 21040 Ethernet Controller Tests 8 9 21040 PCI Configuration R
190. oot device list specify one or more devices with the boot command If you specify multiple devices separate device names with a comma without spaces The console firmware attempts to boot the system from each device in order When a device boots successfully the firmware passes control to the boot image on that device Note If you include network devices in the boot device list place them at the end of the list This is necessary because network boots terminate only if a fatal error occurs or an image loads successfully Using the Console 5 3 2 Specifying a Boot Image When an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC boots successfully the console firm ware passes control to a boot image You can specify the boot image that is to be used by setting the value of the environment variable BOOT FILE or by specify ing the file name of a boot image with the boot command BOOT FILE defines the default boot image To override the default specify a boot image file name with the file option in the boot command line 5 3 3 Passing Additional Boot Information to the Operating System You have the option of passing boot information in addition to the boot image to the operating system You can specify the additional information as longword data in the definition for the BOOT_OSFLAGS or BOOTED OSFLAGS environ ment variable or with the boot command The information can consist of one or more longword values If you specify multiple values separa
191. ore devices Memory and Cache Memory exerciser test memtest or mem ex Network Interface DECchip 21040 internal loopback test niil diag t 1 DECchip 21040 external loopback test niil diag t 2 DECchip 21040 nicsr_diag t 1 Reads the configuration register DECchip 21040 CSR tests nicsr diag t 2 Command status register read test nicsr diag t 3 Register write read test Console Mode Diagnostics 8 1 Table 8 1 Console Mode Diagnostic Tests Continued HW Under Test Command Description NVRAM TOY Clock NVRAM tests Time of year TOY clock register tests SCSI SCSI device tests Timers Heartbeat timer test nterval timer tests Watchdog timer test Requires external loopback connector configured as shown in Figure 8 1 VME InterfaceTests VIP PCI configuration register test VIP register write read test VIC64 register write read test Scatter gather RAM test MISC Ethernet hardware address test ds1386_diag t 1 ds1386_diag t 2 ds1386_diag t 3 ds1386_diag t 4 ds1386_diag t 5 ncr810 t 1 ncr810 t 2 ncr810 t 3 ncr810 t 4 ncr810 t 5 ncr810 t 6 ncr810 t 7 hbeat diag t 1 i8254 diag t 1 i8254_diag t 2 i8254_diag t 3 i8254 diag t 4 i8254_diag t 5 i8254_diag t 6 wdog_diag t 1 vip_diag t 1 vip_diag t 2 vip_diag t 3 vip_diag t 4 enet_diag t 1 enet_diag t 2 NVRAM
192. ory In this case grep parses all the output lines from the examine command but only permits lines that contain ABCDEF 12 to reach the display You can also use the grep com mand to search for patterns that do not match the model provided that is it searches for every line that does not contain the input pattern The following example sets up memory and then uses grep to filter the output gt gt gt d pmem 3fff000 O n 8 Clear some memory gt gt gt d 3fff020 ABCDEF12 Drop in a target gt gt gt e Sfff000 n 8 Display memory pmem 3FFF000 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF008 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF010 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF018 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF020 00000000ABCDEF12 pmem 3FFF028 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF030 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF038 0000000000000000 pmem 3FFF040 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e Sfff000 n 8 grep ABCDEF12 Display only lines with ABCDEF12 pmem 3FFF020 00000000ABCDEF12 4 13 Redirecting I O By default console commands display on the console terminal You can redirect output to other devices or files by using the redirection operator gt In the follow ing example the output of the examine command is redirected to file foo which is created dynamically from the console s memory heap The console command cat displays the contents of the new file The rm command deletes the foo file gt gt gt ls foo Check to see if foo exists foo no such file
193. ory and execution is transferred to it During this phase of console startup the system automatically invokes several more diag nostics and executes them without operator intervention The system LED display indicates progress of the SROM initialization by show ing a countdown from 8 to 1 If a failure is detected by the SROM based tests the test sequence halts and the LED displays the number of the failing test If the Intel SIO is successfully config ured and the console UART test passes the SROM does all I O through the con sole UART Failures detected beyond the SROM do not halt the POST sequence Instead the display freezes at the first failing test and the sequence attempts to continue to console mode An attempt is also made to write the diagnostic log to the console terminal You can affect the POST sequence by using certain user selectable control parameters implemented as environment variables that allow the initialization to continue despite the existence of some errors that you may not wish to treat as fatal Diagnostics and System Initialization 7 1 7 2 System Initialization Sequence and Countdown During SROM initialization and console tests the LED display shows a count down indicating progress The console serial output also reports the countdown if the environment variable CONSOLE is set to SERIAL The SROM initialization and console tests execute and display output as shown in Table 7 1 Table 7 1 SROM Ini
194. ositing and Examining Data in Registers 5 22 You can use the deposit and examine commands to manipulate data in registers To operate on a register include the address of the register in the command line in one of the following ways e Symbolically for example r0 or ksp e Explicitly as offsets within device address space for example gpr 0 or ipr 0 You can also use the symbolic addresses and the implied address incre ment no address specified The following examples show the different ways to include an address gt gt gt e rO Examine RO symbolically Using the Console gpr 0 RO 0000000000000002 gt gt gt e gpr 0 explicitly as device offset gpr O RO 0000000000000002 gt gt gt e 0 Or implicitly as device offset gpr O RO 0000000000000002 gt gt gt e 8 Examine Rl gpr 8 R1 000000000000C408 gt gt gt e and the next R2 gpr 10 R2 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e ipr 0 Examine an IPR ipr O ASN 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e and the next ipr 1 ASTEN 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e and the next ipr 2 ASTSR 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e and the current ipr 2 ASTSR 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e and the previous one ipr 1 ASTEN 0000000000000000 gt gt gt e ksp Examine an IPR by name ipr 12 KSP 0000000000000F30 gt gt gt e an
195. ou do not specify a device prefix the command starts all drivers Examples 1 gt gt gt start driver ewa 400 Start program execution at address 400 2 gt gt gt start drivers Start all the drivers in the system See Also continue init stop Console Command Reference 6 77 stop stop CPU or device Stops the CPU or a specified device Syntax stop drivers device prefix processor num Argument processor num Specifies the processor to stop If you use this argument specify 0 Option drivers device prefix Stop the specified device or all devices of the specified device class If you do not specify a device prefix the command stops all drivers Example gt gt gt stop Stop the processor See Also continue init start 6 78 Console Command Reference update update flash ROMs Loads updated firmware into the system s flash ROMs FEPROMs Prior to using this command you must close DIP switch 2 on your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC s I O module and you must issue the boot command During the update process each byte of the FEPROM is verified Each step pro vides for a certain number of retries to perform the operation successfully on a particular byte of the FEPROM If a failure occurs in any of the steps an error message is displayed on the console If the update is successful a success message is displayed on the console Notes You must reset or power on the system to run
196. pass through jumper 2 3 C Cache Bcache 1 1 3 4 array 3 6 operating speed of 1 1 See also Memory subsystem 3 6 data 3 4 instruction 3 4 second level 3 4 third level 3 4 case reserved word 4 7 cat command 5 3 6 7 Caterpillar insulation strip 2 4 Channels 3 13 CHAR SET environment variable 5 5 Characters deleting 4 5 chmod command 5 3 6 8 chown 5 2 chown command 5 27 6 10 CIA chip 3 5 Circuit board module etch testing 8 4 Cleanup code 5 6 clear command 5 1 5 10 6 11 clear log command 5 3 clear log command 5 33 6 12 Clock interface 3 7 Clocks 1 2 real time clock 1 2 system clock 3 2 Command operators 4 6 Command input redirecting 4 9 Command line aborting 4 5 characteristics of 4 5 continuing 4 6 deleting characters from 4 5 ignoring 4 5 recalling 4 5 retyping 4 5 Command output disgarding 4 5 filtering 4 8 redirecting 4 9 resuming 4 5 Commands alloc 5 2 5 27 6 2 boot 4 3 5 2 5 10 6 4 for firmware update 5 18 with halt option 5 16 break 5 3 5 36 6 6 cat 5 3 6 7 chmod 5 3 6 8 chown 5 27 6 10 chown command 5 2 clear 5 1 5 10 6 11 clear log 5 3 clear_log 5 33 6 12 commenting 4 7 commonly used 4 4 date 5 2 5 17 6 13 deposit 5 2 6 14 descriptions of 6 1 ds1368_diag 8 11 8 12 8 13 ds1386_diag 8 2 dynamic 5 2 5 26 6 19 echo 5 4 6 21 enet_diag 8 2 8 14 eval 5 3 5 33 6 22 examine 5 2 5 19 6 24 executing in
197. process Exits the current shell process with the specified status or returns the status of the last command executed Syntax exit exit value Argument exit value Specifies the status code to be returned by the shell process Examples 1 exit Exits and returns the status of the previously executed command 2 exit O Exits with a success status 3 gt gt gt test exit Runs test and exits if there is an error 6 34 Console Command Reference false return a failure status Returns a failure status Syntax false Example gt gt gt while false do echo foo done gt gt gt Console Command Reference 6 35 free deallocate memory Frees a block of memory that has been allocated from heap The block is returned to the appropriate heap Syntax free address Argument address Specifies the addresses of blocks of memory that are to be returned to the heap If you specify more than one address separate the addresses with a space Example gt gt gt alloc 200 OO0FFFEO0 gt gt gt free fffe00 gt gt gt free alloc 10 alloc 20 alloc 30 gt gt gt See Also alloc dynamic 6 36 Console Command Reference grep search for regular expressions Globally searches for regular expressions and displays any lines containing occur rences of those expressions regular expression is a shorthand way of specifying a wildcard type of string comparison Since
198. quence 5 esac e if command sequence then command sequence elif command sequence then command sequence else command sequence fi The console determines conditional branching in if while and until loops by checking the exit status of the command sequence that follows the control struc ture In general an exit status of zero indicates success and results in the execution of the true path The following example uses the eval command to extract an exit status from vari able junk The console command set initializes the variable gt gt gt set junk 0 gt gt gt show junk junk 0 gt gt gt eval junk 0 gt gt gt if eval junk then echo true else echo false fi 0 true gt gt gt set junk 1 gt gt gt if eval junk then echo true else echo false fi T false gt gt gt set junk 2 gt gt gt if eval junk _ gt then echo true _ gt else echo false fi 2 false gt gt gt 4 12 Filtering Output You can search for specific values in a device by using a pipe with the grep com mand A pipe l enables the output of one command to be the input for the next command without creating an intermediate file The grep command filters its input according to the command argument Because the grep command requires input a pipe is used to channel the output of the examine command into the grep command 4 8 Console Basics The following example uses grep to search for a pattern in mem
199. r 4 7 operator 4 7 operator 4 7 operator 4 6 operator 4 6 operator 4 6 lt kcommand gt update command 6 79 gt operator 4 6 gt gt operator 4 6 operator 4 7 operator 4 7 Voperator 4 6 operator 4 7 operator 4 6 operator 4 7 Numerics 10BASE T twisted pair Ethernet connector 2 4 3 8 checking the seating of B 3 pinout assignments for C 4 See also 21040 Ethernet controller Networking 1 2 21040 Configuration Register Test 8 10 21040 Control Status Dump 8 9 21040 Ethernet controller 2 1 3 2 3 8 PCIconfiguration registers reading and printing 8 9 21040 Ethernet Controller Tests 8 1 8 9 21040 PCI Configuration Register Dump 8 9 21164 Alpha microprocessor 1 1 2 1 3 2 Index chip cache for 1 1 description of 3 3 functional block diagram 3 4 initializing 5 2 6 43 managing 5 24 performance of 1 1 speed of 1 1 stopping 5 2 6 78 stopping and starting 5 24 21172 core logic chip set 3 2 21172 core logic chipset 2 1 components of 3 5 description of 3 5 features of 3 5 21172 BA chips 3 5 21172 CA chip 3 5 3 Timers Loopback Test 8 6 32 3 6 5 V standby connection 3 11 53C810 SCSI chip 1 2 82378ZB chip 3 9 82C42PE chip 1 2 A Address mapping VMEbus 3 15 Address Resolution Protocol ARP 5 6 Addresses symbolic 5 22 Addressing modes VMEbus 3 14 Affinity mask processor 4 7 6 59 alloc command 5 2 5 27 6 2 Alpha hardware
200. r checking and correction 2 6 3 6 echo command 5 4 6 21 elif reserved word 4 7 else reserved word 4 7 ENABLE AUDIT environment variable 5 6 Energy cell 3 10 enet diag command 8 2 8 14 Environment variables 5 20 deleting 5 10 6 11 deleting from name space 5 1 descriptions of 5 5 displaying the values of 5 2 5 9 initializing 6 42 managing 5 1 5 4 nonvolatile 5 13 setting 5 1 5 9 6 61 using to affect POST diagnostics sequence 7 1 using wildcards with 5 10 Environmental requirements 1 5 Environmental specifications 1 3 1 5 Error checking and correction ECC 2 6 3 6 Error codes returning on I O failures 5 26 Error detection 2 6 Error log 5 20 clearing 6 12 displaying 6 72 displaying contents of 5 33 initializing 5 33 managing 5 3 5 33 Errors hard detection of 5 6 single and double bit 2 6 soft detection of 5 6 esac reserved word 4 7 Ethernet connector See IOBASE T twisted pair Ethernet connector Ethernet controller See 21040 Ethernet controller Ethernet Hardware Address Test 8 2 Ethernet ID address 3 8 Ethernet Internal Loopback Test 8 9 Ethernet loopback 5 31 Ethernet station address 5 31 Eurocard format 1 3 eval command 5 3 5 33 6 22 EWAO ARP TRIES environment variable 5 6 EWAO BOOTP FILE environment variable 5 6 EWAO BOOTP SERVER environment variable 5 6 EWAO BOOTP TRIES environment variable 5 7 EWAO DEF GINETADDR environment variable 5 7 EWAO DEF INETADDR env
201. r processes running memtest stops and deletes the process that has PID 59 and then reissues the ps command to check whether the process associated with that PID was deleted gt gt gt ps grep memtest Find a process to kill 0000005c 00144b40 2 135733 00000001 0 memtest ready 00000059 0014c060 2 138258 00000001 0 memtest ready gt gt gt kill 59 Kill one of the memtests gt gt gt ps grep memtest Display our background tasks 0000005c 00144b40 2 135733 00000001 0 memtest ready 5 17 7 Breaking from Control Loops To break from a for while or until program loop use the break command This command exits the current console process and returns a status code You can specify the status code that is to be returned If you omit the status code break returns the status of the last console command executed 5 17 8 Returning a Failure Status You can return a failure status from the console by using the false command 5 18 Displaying Semaphores 5 36 To display information about all the semaphores known to the system use the semaphore command The command traverses the semaphore queue and for each known semaphore displays the following Name e Value e Address e Address of the first waiting process Using the Console 5 19 Managing Files and File Content Several console commands are available for managing files and file content You can e Display the contents of a file standard output e Change the a
202. rage mode The clock is automatically reenabled on subsequent initialization 6 66 Console Command Reference sh create new shell process Syntax Arguments arg Options V X d r p Creates a new shell process Each shell process implements most of the function ality of the Bourne shell sh v x d 1 r p arg Specifies one or more arguments that are to be passed to the new shell process Specify the arguments as text strings terminated with white space Print lines as they are read Show commands just before executing them Delete standard input STDIN when the shell is done Trace the lexical analyzer show tokens as they are recognized Trace the parser show rules as they execute Trace the execution engine show routines called Console Command Reference 6 67 Example gt gt gt sh start a new shell bold gt gt gt the new shell s prompt bold gt gt gt sh v foo f execute command file foo and show lines as read in gt gt gt sh x foo print out commands as they are executed and after gt gt gt all substitutions have been performed 6 68 Console Command Reference show display system information Displays the current value of an environment variable or other system parameter Syntax show system param envar Arguments system param Specifies the type of information that is to be displayed Specify one of
203. re nn is one of 2 4 8 16 32 or 64 refers to a data field of nn contiguous NATURALLY ALIGNED bytes For example INT4 refers to a NATURALLY ALIGNED longword Data Units The following data unit terminology is used throughout this manual Term Words Bytes Bits Other Byte 1 2 1 8 Word 1 2 16 Longword 2 4 32 Longword Quadword 4 8 64 2 Longwords Octaword 8 16 128 2 Quadwords Hexword 16 32 256 2 Octawords xi Keyboard Keys Examples The following keyboard key conventions are used throughout this manual Convention Example Control key sequences are represented as Ctrl x Ctrl C Press Ctrl while you simultaneously press the x key In plain text key names match the name on the actual Return key key In tables key names match the name of the actual key and appear in Return square brackets Prompts input and output in examples are shown in a monospaced font Interac tive input is differentiated from prompts and system output with bold type For example gt gt gt echo This is a test Return This is a test Ellipsis points indicate that a portion of an example is omitted Names and Symbols Note The following table lists typographical conventions used for names of various items throughout this manual Items Example Bits sysBus lt 32 2 gt Commands boot command Command arguments Command options Environment variables Environment variable values Files and pa
204. restart parameter block displaying the address of 5 2 Alpha microprocessor Index 1 See 21164 Alpha microprocessor Altitude specification 1 5 Ambient air required 1 6 Arguments boot 5 5 passing 5 11 ARP Address Resolution Protocol 5 6 Arrow keys 4 5 Audit trail messages 5 6 AUTO ACTION environment variable 5 5 Auxiliary serial port 2 4 connector pin assignments for C 4 B Background mode console 4 7 4 9 Backplane slots 1 3 Backspace key 4 5 Backup cache Bcache See Bcache Battery 3 10 Bcache 1 1 3 4 array 3 6 operating speed of 1 1 See also Memory subsystem 3 6 Bell sounding on error 5 6 Boot network 5 15 Boot arguments 5 5 6 4 passing 5 11 boot command 4 3 5 2 5 10 6 4 for firmware update 5 18 with halt option 5 16 Boot device 6 4 Boot devices 5 10 Boot file 5 13 6 4 Boot image 5 11 Boot protocols Boot Protocol BOOTP 5 6 5 11 initialization 5 14 Protocols boot 6 5 Boot network 5 11 BOOT DEV environment variable 5 5 BOOT FILE environment variable 5 5 BOOT OSFLAGS environment variable 5 5 BOOTDEF DEV environment variable 5 5 BOOTED DEV environment variable 5 5 BOOTED FILE environment variable 5 5 BOOTED OSFLAGS environment variable 5 5 BOOTP Boot Protocol 5 6 5 11 Index 2 initialization 5 14 break command 5 3 5 36 6 6 Breakout modules See Primary breakout module Secondary break out module Buffers exercise 5 24 Bus grant
205. ribes the module components The chapter begins with an overview Section 2 1 and then describes the following e CPU module Section 2 2 e O module Section 2 3 e CPU and I O assembly controls and indicators Section 2 4 Memory modules Section 2 5 e Primary breakout module Section e Secondary breakout module Section 2 7 e PMC I O companion card Section 2 8 2 1 Module Component Overview Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs can consist of two or three 6U modules depending on whether you use an optional PMC I O companion card The base SBC assembly includes a CPU module and an I O module The CPU module fea tures either a 352 MHz or 480 MHz 21164 Alpha microprocessor and a support ing 21172 core logic chip set Four DIMM sockets for DRAM and 2 MB of Level 3 SRAM Bcache also reside on the CPU module Two DC to DC power convert ers 5 V to 2 5 V and 5 V to3 3 V provide power for the CPU module s oper ation The CPU module is shipped preassembled with a required I O module The VO module connects to the CPU module through a PCI 32 interface The I O module provides support for your application s I O devices Key compo nents of this module include e PCI to VME64 bridge DC7407 VIP and VIC64 e PCI to SCSI 2 controller 53C810 e PCI to Ethernet controller 21040 e PCI to Nbus bridge 82378ZB e PCI 32 interface to an optional PMC I O companion card The Nbus supports a diskette drive two serial line ports a para
206. rites for the size of the device The default is 1 bs block size Console Command Reference 6 29 6 30 Use the specified block size Specify the block size in bytes as a hexadecimal value The default is 0x200 except for tape drives which default to 0x800 The maximum block size allowed with variable length block reads is 0x800 bytes bc block per io Use the specified number of blocks per I O operation Specify the number of blocks as a hexadecimal value The default is 1 d1 buf1 string Evaluate the specified character string and initialize buffer1 with the results By default the console firmware loads the buffer with alternating 5s and As hexadecimal d2 buf2 string Evaluate the specified character string and initialize buffer2 with the results By default the console firmware loads the buffer with alternating 5s and As hexadecimal a action string Use the specified action string which determines the sequence of read write and comparison operations that are to be performed on various buffers The con sole firmware processes each command code character in the action string from left to right Each time the exer command completes all of the operations speci fied by the action string the command reduces the remaining amount of device data to be processed by the size of the last packet processed by the action string The exer command processes the action string repeatedly until the specified amount of d
207. rogram to append a one block header to the file making it compatible with the MOP load server This executable program is on the Firmware Update CD at ALPHAVME ADD HEADER EXE If you prefer copy the file to the SYSSLOGIN area and define it as a foreign command for example addhead To run the program invoke addhead and supply the file name as input and a name for the resulting output file Note The current MOP load protocol only supports 15 character file names To make use of all 15 characters in the name do not specify a file extension The MOP server defaults to a file extension of sys Console Basics 4 11 4 12 3 Place the output file in the MOP server s load file directory MOPSLOAD Whenever MOP gets a request for the script it searches in its service area At this point the script file is available on the Ethernet segment of the MOP server If the Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC is on the same Ethernet segment as the MOP server the following example copies the script file over the network The string mopdl sample sys eza0 specifies that the file sample sys can be accessed over the Ethernet device eza0 using the MOP download protocol driver mopdl gt gt gt cat mopdl sample sys eza0 Be patient The MOP protocol is slow show version ls l1 sample gt gt gt You can then use the redirection operator gt to redirect the output of the cat com mand to a local file The following cat command redirec
208. ronment variable EWA n INET INIT If this variable is set to BOOTP the default the BOOTP protocol driver broadcasts a BOOTP request and stores the response in the database initializing it If EWZn INET INIT is set to NVRAM the values of the following nonvolatile Internet environment variables are copied to corresponding fields in the Internet database Using the Console 5 13 EWAn DEF INETADDR EWAn DEF SINETADDR EWAn DEF GINETADDR EWAn DEF SUBNETMASK EWAn DEF INETFILE TFIP assumes that you have set the values of these variables in advance of its invocation For example gt gt gt SET EWAO DEF INETADDR 16 123 16 53 gt gt gt SET EWAO DEF SINETADDR 16 123 16 242 gt gt gt SET EWAO DEF GINETADDR 16 123 16 242 gt gt gt SET EWAO DEF SUBNETMASK 255 255 255 0 gt gt gt SET EWAO0 DEF INETFILE bootfiles alphavme5 gt gt gt SET EWAO INET INIT NVRAM BOOTP Initialization Alternatively the Internet database might be initialized by BOOTP This may result from an explicit invocation of BOOTP or as a consequence of invoking TFTP Generally BOOTP copies the reply packet it receives into the Internet data base initializing it However if BOOTP is invoked with the NOBROADCAST parameter as shown below no request is broadcast no reply is received and no data is placed in the database bootp nobroadcast ewa0 5 3 4 4 Using Retransmission to Improve Robustness The Internet protocols ARP BOOTP and TFIP retransmit f
209. ronment variables are stored in nonvolatile memory For a listing of predefined environment variables see Table 5 2 set envar value default integer string Specifies the name of the environment variable to be assigned a new value For a listing of predefined environment variables see Table 5 2 Specifies the value to be assigned to the environment variable Depending on the environment variable the value must be a numeric value or an ASCII string Restore the environment variable to its default value Create an environment variable that is set to an integer value Create an environment variable that is set to an ASCII string value 1 gt gt gt set MODE FASTBOOT Set the mode for controlling the level of testing done at power on or after console initialization to FASTBOOT The FASTBOOT value indicates that you want the system to execute minimal console diagnostics 2 gt gt gt set VME A16 BASE 0 gt gt gt set VME A24 BASE a00000 gt gt gt set VME A24 SIZE 400 gt gt gt set VME A32 BASE 80000000 gt gt gt set VME A32 SIZE 4000 Set the following e The base address of the VMEbus A16 address space to be x0 e The base address of the VMEbus A24 address space to be x0xa00000 e The size of the VMEbus A24 address space to be 1 MB e The base address of the VMEbus A32 address space to be x80000000 Console Command Reference 6 61 e The size of the VMEbus A32 address space to be 16 MB 3 gt gt gt s
210. rred 2 One collision 52 Multi collisions 14 TX Failures Excessive collisions 0 Carrier check 0 Short circuit 0 Open circuit 0 Long frame 0 Remote defer 0 Collision detect 0 RX Bytes 116564 Frames 194 Multicast bytes 13850637 Multicast frames 42343 RX Failures Block check 0 Framing error 0 Long frame 0 Unknown destination 42343 Data overrun 0 No system buffer 22 No user buffers 0 gt gt gt Display the EWAO port status including the MOP counters Console Command Reference 6 55 ps show process Displays the system state in the form of process status and statistics Syntax PS Example gt gt gt ps CPU ID PCB Pri Time Affinity CPU Program State 0000008 0010e8a0 3 0 00000001 0 ps running 00000020 00110160 1 O ffffffff O puc poll waiting on tge 0000001f 0013cb60 6 O ffffffff O0 puc receive waiting on puu receive 0000001c 0013ed00 1 0 f 0 pub poll waiting on tge 0000001b 0014fc00 6 0 f 0 pub receive waiting on puu receive 0000001a 00111a20 3 0 00000001 0 sh ready 00000015 001176a0 2 O ffffffff 0 mopcn ewa0 waiting on mop ewa0 cnw 00000014 00119140 2 0 0 mopid ewa0 waiting on tge 00000013 0011ac20 2 0 0 mopdl ewa0 waiting on mop ewa0 dlw 00000012 0011f6a0 6 0 ffffffff Q tx ewa0 waiting on ewa0 isr tx 00000011 00121140 6 0 ffffffff O rx ewa0 waiting on ewa0 isr rx 00000010 00122ac0 1 0 ffffffff Q pua poll waiting on tge 00
211. s args Specifies the character strings to be displayed The character strings can include pipes and I O redirection However if you use them enclose the characters strings within single quotes Options n Suppress new lines characters from the output Examples 1 gt gt gt echo this is a test this is a test gt gt gt Sends a character string to your console screen 2 gt gt gt echo n this is a test this is a test gt gt gt Sends a character string to your console screen but with no new line sep arating the string from the next console prompt gt gt gt 3 gt gt gt echo this is a test gt foo gt gt gt cat foo this is a test gt gt gt Pipes a string to the file foo Typing the contents of the file foo then shows the string 4 gt gt gt echo gt foo this is the simplest way _ gt to create a long file All characters will be echoed _ gt to file foo until the closing single quote gt gt gt cat foo this is the simplest way to create a long file All characters will be echoed to file foo until the closing single quote gt gt gt Shows how you can use echo to create a file that is several lines long See Also cat Console Command Reference 6 21 eval evaluate expression Evaluates a postfix expression Syntax Arguments operand1 eval ib io id ix b o d x operandl operand2 operator Specifies the first numeric value to be evaluated operand2 operator
212. s 8 13 Local Area Network Address ROM Tests The Local Area Network LAN Address ROM tests test the integrity of the LAN address ROM decoders and printed circuit board module etch The LAN address ROM contains the Ethernet station address of the module LAN Address ROM Dump Test The LAN Address ROM Dump Test dumps the contents of the 32 octets within the LAN address ROM to the screen No verification of the data is performed Console Command enet diag t 1 Command Options dd Print the LAN address ROM to screen np Do not print the LAN address ROM to screen Miscellaneous Notes e The LAN address ROM octets must be read by using longword aligned byte accesses e This diagnostic is an extended test LAN Address ROM Verification Test The LAN Address ROM Verification Test verifies the format of the data in the LAN address ROM It verifies that the octets are ordered appropriately and that the checksums are correctly calculated based on the LAN address Console Command enet diag t 2 Command Option dd Print the LAN ROM address to screen Miscellaneous Notes The LAN address ROM octets must be read by using longword aligned byte accesses e This test is considered a POST diagnostic 8 14 Console Mode Diagnostics Figure 8 2 LAN Address ROM Format Test Pattern AA Test Pattern AA Console Mode Diagnostics 8 15 NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O Processor Tests The NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I
213. s breakout module supplies additional power to the CPU module by way of the VMEbus P2 connector and provides e A connector for attaching a SCSI bus e Additional P2 options such as the secondary breakout module e SCSI termination control e A connection for and control of a watchdog timeout signal e A connector to Alpha VME external timing signals Figure 2 6 shows the primary breakout module Figure 2 6 Primary Breakout Module ML013784 The numeric callouts in the figure identify the following key components 1 SCSI termination and watchdog reset signal jumpers 2 Connector for the secondary breakout module or an external monitoring device 3 SCSI cable connector Module Components 2 7 A reset input signal on pin C10 of the primary breakout module s VMEbus P2 connector is available for resetting the SBC This signal is low during normal operation and high during a watchdog timer reset in parallel with the Reset switch on the SBC s front panel Because pin C10 is a nonbuffered input pin you should use shielded wiring to apply the reset input signal Caution You must use the primary breakout module included in your Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC hardware kit Applying power to a DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC WITHOUT that primary breakout module in place or WITH the breakout module included with the AXPvme 160 166 or 230 part number 54 22605 01 in place may damage your back plane the Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 4
214. s high until Timer 2 is repro grammed The event of OUT transitioning from low to high should set the Timer 2 status bit and not generate a CPU interrupt The ISR global flag is checked verifying that the ISR was not invoked The Timer 2 status bit is checked to indicate the interrupt took place Console Command i8254 diag t 5 Miscellaneous Notes e The interrupt enable bits for Timers 0 and 2 bits 4 and 5 of the interrupt status register at address 0x4010 are not directly writable Bits 4 and 5 are toggled by writing to addresses 0x4010 and 0x4014 respectively In both cases the data written is Don t Care e A read of the interrupt status register at address 0x4014 causes both interrupt status bits bits O and 1 to be cleared e Due to hardware limitations on interrupt detection the value programmed into Timer 2 must be greater than 2 e See the Intel 8254 interval timer sheet for more details Console Mode Diagnostics 8 7 Timer 1 Interrupt Test 8 8 The Timer 1 Interrupt Test verifies the interrupt path of Timer 1 periodic real time timer Timer 1 is programmed to mode 3 square wave mode After the timer is initially programmed to mode 3 and loaded with a count value OUT out put is low and remains low until the internal count value reaches zero When the count value reaches zero OUT output is asserted high and remains high until timer 1 is reprogrammed A global interrupt count flag is checked verifying whether th
215. s in the figure identify the following key components 1 Pl VMEbus connector P2 VMEbus connector 64 bit PCI connector not used J11 bus grant pass through jumper Connectors for memory DIMMs 2 and 3 Connectors for memory DIMMs 0 and 1 Power and VME slave activity watchdog timeout LED Status display I O module connector SROM oO Qo o N Oo 1 A CQ Iv 2 3 IO Module The I O module is a required second tier module that handles all I O activity for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs This module plugs into the I O module connector on the CPU module Note The I O module is attached to the CPU module when you receive it Dis assemble the CPU and I O assembly only if you need to replace the SROM Figure 2 3 shows the layout and primary components Module Components 2 3 Figure 2 3 I O Module Layout rh 12 1110 9 ML013782 The numeric callouts in the figure identify the following key components 1 oO Oo ON OO A CQ Iv _ 12 P1 VMEbus connector Connector to CPU module on the back of the I O module Debug jumper for use with Serial ROM Mini Console only P2 VMEbus connector Configuration switchpack Caterpillar insulation strip PMC I O companion card connector Nonvolatile RAM time of year TOY clock
216. se of TGA video cards VMEbus settings VxWorks boot file The data defined by the environment variables is stored in memory Some of the data is stored in volatile memory and some is stored in nonvolatile memory You can use console commands to set and display the values of environment vari ables and delete environment variables from the system s name space Using the Console 5 2 1 Environment Variable Summary Table 5 2 lists the environment variables with possible values and brief descrip tions Table 5 2 Environment Variables Variable Parameter Values Description AUTO ACTION BOOT DEV BOOT FILE BOOT OSFLAGS BOOTDEF DEV BOOTED DEV BOOTED FILE BOOTED OSFLAGS CHAR SET CONSOLE BOOT HALT or RESET file name For use with UNIX a automatic boot S stop in single user mode 1 interactive boot D full dump and s device list A device in the BOOT DEV list Derived from BOOT FILE or the cur rent boot command Derived from BOOT OSFLAGS or the current boot com mand 0 ISO LATIN 1 Defines the action of the console following an error halt or power up Default is HALT Specifies the device list to be used by the last or cur rently in progress bootstrap attempt The console modifies BOOT_DEYV at console initialization and when a bootstrap is initiated by a boot command The value of BOOT DEV is set from the device list specified by the boot command or if no
217. sed The default is 0x2e Specifies the number of messages to be sent to each node originally The default is 7 Specifies the operating mode of the embedded Ethernet controller Using the Console 5 7 Table 5 2 Environment Variables Continued Variable Parameter Values Description EWAO0 PROTOCOLS EWAO TFTP TRIES LANGUAGE LANGUAGE NAME LICENSE MODE PAL TGA SYNC GREEN TTY DEV VERSION VME A32 BASE VME A32 SIZE 5 8 Using the Console BOOTP MOP or BOOTP MOP 00 none cryptic 30 Dansk 32 Deutsch 34 Deutsch Schweiz 36 English American 38 English British Irish 3A Espanol 3C Francais 3E Francais Canadian 40 Francais Suisse Romande 42 Italiano 44 Nederlands 46 Norsk 48 Portugues 4A Suomi 4C Svenska 4E Vlaams Other reserved language name MU multi user system SU single user system FASTBOOT or NOFASTBOOT n version address n Specifies the network protocol to be enabled for booting and other functions The default is MOP A null value is equivalent to BOOTP MOP Specifies the number of transmissions that are to be attempted before the Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP fails Values less than cause the protocol to fail immediately The default value is 3 which trans lates to an average of 12 seconds before failing Interfaces on busy networks may need higher values Specifies the current console terminal language integer ID
218. sequence 4 6 exer 5 2 5 24 6 29 8 1 exit 5 3 6 34 false 5 3 5 36 6 35 free 5 2 5 27 6 36 grep 4 8 5 4 6 37 grouping 4 7 hbeat_diag 8 2 8 3 hd 5 3 5 22 6 40 help 4 3 6 41 18254 diag 8 2 8 4 8 5 18524 diag 8 6 8 7 8 8 including in files 4 10 init 5 2 5 24 init_ev 5 1 5 9 6 42 initialize 6 43 kill 5 3 5 36 6 44 line 5 4 6 45 Is 5 3 6 46 man 4 3 6 47 mem ex 8 1 memexer 5 2 6 48 memtest 5 2 5 28 6 49 8 1 more 4 4 ncr810 8 2 ncr810 diag 8 16 8 17 ncr810 diag 8 16 net 5 3 5 31 6 53 nicsr diag 8 1 8 9 8 10 niil diag 8 1 8 9 overview of 4 4 piping 4 6 ps 5 3 5 34 6 56 pwrup 5 3 5 32 6 57 redirecting I O with 4 9 rm 5 3 6 58 running in background mode 4 7 4 9 sa 5 3 6 59 scripts of 4 10 semaphore 5 3 5 36 6 60 set 5 1 5 9 6 61 set led 5 3 5 32 6 64 set reboot srom 5 3 5 32 6 65 set toy sleep 5 2 5 17 6 66 sh 5 3 5 34 6 67 show 5 2 5 9 5 18 6 69 show LED 5 3 show led 5 32 show log 5 3 show map 5 27 show_log 5 33 6 72 sleep 5 3 5 36 6 74 sort 5 4 6 75 sp 5 3 5 35 6 76 specifying arguments with 4 5 specifying options with 4 5 specifying patterns with 4 7 specifying radix in 4 7 start 5 2 5 24 6 77 stop 5 2 5 24 6 78 summary of A 1 summary of console A 1 update 5 2 5 18 6 79 Index 3 using reserved words with 4 7 using with flow control 4 7 vip diag 8 2 8
219. sprechende Gegenma nahmen verantwortlich ist Attention Ceci est un produit de Classe A Dans un environment domestique ce produit risque de cr er des interf rences radio lectriques il appartiendra alors l utilisateur de prendre les mesures sp cifiques appropri es Canadian EMC Notice This Class A Digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil numerique de la class A respecte toutes les exigences du Reglement sur le materiel broilleur du Canada Digital Equipment Corporation 1997 All rights reserved Printed in U S A The following are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation DECchip DECnet DECpc DIGITAL OpenVMS ThinWire VAX and the DIGITAL logo The following are third party trademarks DALLAS is a registered trademark of Dallas Systems Corporation DIGITAL UNIX and UNIX are registered trademarks licensed exclusively by X Open Company Ltd IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation Intel is a trademark of Intel Corporation NCR is a registered trademark of NCR Corporation VIC64 is a trademark of Cypress Semiconductor Corporation VxWorks is a registered trademark of Wind River Systems Inc All other trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective holders Contents Preface Part Introduction 1 Specifications and Requirements Product Specifications oss rubet
220. sters CSRs els Enable the extended design verification test DVT loop service kls Disable the extended DVT loop service cm mode Change the mode of the port device Valid modes and their corresponding values include the following Mode Symbol Normal nm Internal loopback in External loopback ex Normal filter nf Promiscuous pr Multicast mc Internal loopback and promiscuous ip Force collisions fc No force collisions nofc Default df da node address Use the specified destination node address with the 10 id or rb option l file name Broadcast a MOP load request for the specified load file Iw wait in secs Wait the specified number of seconds for loop messages from the l1 option to return If the messages do not return in the specified time period the console firm ware generates an error message sv mop version Set the preferred version of MOP to be used Valid version numbers are 3 and 4 Examples 1 gt gt gt net sa ewa0 08 00 2b 1d 02 91 Display the local Ethernet port station address 6 54 Console Command Reference gt gt gt net s DEVICE SPECIFIC TI 203 RI 42237 RU 4 ME O TW O RW O BO O HF 0 UF O TN O LE 0 TO 0 RWT 39967 RHF 39969 TC 54 PORT INFO tx full 0 tx index in 10 tx index out 10 rx index in 11 MOP BLOCK Network list size 0 MOP COUNTERS Time since zeroed Secs 2815 TX Bytes 116588 Frames 204 Defe
221. sters with data patterns of all 1s all Os and alternating 1s and Os Upon exiting the test returns the configuration registers to their initial values Console Command nicsr diag t 3 Command Option dd Print detailed test information on each pass Miscellaneous Notes This test runs only when you power on the system 8 10 Console Mode Diagnostics DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Timekeeper Tests The DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Timekeeper tests verify the 32 KB of NVRAM and the real time clock of the DALLAS DS1386 Tests 1 through 3 exercise the NVRAM and Tests 4 and 5 exercise the real time clock The tests test the DS1386 and decoders The functionality of the watchdog feature is tested by a separate diagnostic test No alarm features are tested since the alarms are not used The NVRAM is tested on a page basis there are 128 pages each containing 256 bytes However the first page has reserved addresses for the real time clock reg isters NVRAM March I Test The NVRAM March I Test writes reads and compares all 32 KB of NVRAM with data patterns of all 1s all Os alternating 1s and Os and shifting 1s and Os If the quick verify option is set default only the first location of each page is tested The no quick verify option tests every location 32 KB of the NVRAM Note The contents of the NVRAM are overwritten by this diagnostic and restored on test completion If the module is reset during this test the
222. system firmware does not commit or initialize channel B 3 10 VME Interface The PCI to VME interface for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs conforms to the IEC 821 IEEE1014 1987 and D64 sections of IEEE1014 Rev D draft standards The interface is implemented using the following components VIP ASIC DC7047B chip Functional Components 3 13 e The Cypress Semiconductor VIC64 VMEbus interface chip set e Three CY7C964 bus interface chips e Static scatter gather RAM for address mapping e Support logic implemented with programmable logic devices PLDs The VIP VIC64 chip combination accepts and generates VMEbus D08 D16 D32 and D64 data transfers and protocols The chip combination supports addressing modes A16 A24 and A32 as a master or slave on the VMEbus The VIP chip uses information stored in the scatter gather RAM to perform big to little endian data translation byte swapping and address mapping when data moves to and from the VMEbus Figure 3 4 shows the interface components and the address and data paths between them Figure 3 4 PCI to VME Interface Components VIP VIP Registers Scatter Gather RAM 3 10 1 VIP Chip d PCI Bus A lt 31 0 gt D lt 31 0 gt A lt 27 13 gt D lt 31 5 gt lt A lt 31 0 gt lt D lt 31 0 gt CY7C964 A D lt 23 16 gt VME_A D CY7C964 A D lt 31 24 gt VME_A D lt 31 24 gt CY7C964
223. system might not be on the local area network LAN Enter the address in dotted decimal notation n n n n EWAn DEF GINETADDR The Internet address of a remote Internet gateway on the LAN TFTP cannot communicate beyond the LAN if this address is incorrect Enter the address in dotted decimal notation n n n n EWAn DEF SUBNETMASK The Internet subnet mask to be used Enter the mask in dotted decimal notation n n n n EWAn DEF INETFILE The file to be booted The value that you specify must be a valid file name or path name for the TFTP server on the remote host system Each network interface must have its own set of variable definitions The variable nin the names of the preceding environment variables identifies a specific inter face For example all variables associated with network interface 0 have the pre fix EWAO Note If you misconfigure the Internet network parameters the Internet proto cols are robust enough to work intermittently making it difficult to debug failures 5 3 4 3 Internet Database Initialization The Internet database on an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC is initialized each time the system is booted as a result of a TFTP or BOOTP invocation TFTP Initialization A TFIP invocation is the more common form of Internet database initialization If TFIP is invoked and the Internet database has not yet been marked as initialized initialization occurs automatically based on the definition of the envi
224. t tern that causes the output drivers to draw no current Then the test checks the out put latches for the correct data The test also verifies parity checking and that the SCSI reset control lines can be toggled internally The following data patterns are used all 1s all Os alternating 1s and Os Console Command ncr810 diag t 6 NCR810 Interrupt Test The NCR810 Interrupt Test verifies the interrupt connection between the NCR810 and the SIO controller to the CPU The test enables a general purpose timer which generates an interrupt that is dispatched to the CPU through the SIO con troller The console PALcode dispatches to the NCR810_diag ISR which clears the interrupt Console Command ncr810 diag t 7 Miscellaneous Notes e These tests do not run in parallel with the SCSI exerciser tests Console Mode Diagnostics 8 17 e No external loopback connectors are needed for the loopback tests e References NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI VO Processor specification Revision 2 1 8 18 Console Mode Diagnostics Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test The Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test verifies the functionality of the watchdog timer by checking its ability to handle a user programmed watchdog timer reset The test checks logic associated with the e Watchdog timer e Some reset logic e DS1386 TOY clock Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test The Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test sets the diagnostic in progress bit and invokes a watchdog timeout by loading
225. t gt gt memexer 2 amp gt gt gt Run two memory tests in the background The tests run in blocks of two times the backup cache size across all available memory memtest 6 48 Console Command Reference memtest memory test Syntax Options Tests memory with any or all of four tests Test Description Graycode memory test Writes reads and verifies a graycode pattern and an inverse graycode pattern for the specified address range March memory test Writes reads and verifies a marching pattern and an inverse marching pattern for the specified address range Random memory test Exercises random addresses within the specified range with random data of random length Victim block test Writes blocks of data to the specified address victimizes the data and then reads back and verifies the block Notes If you use memtest to test large sections of memory it might take a while for testing to complete If you issue a Ctrl C or the kill command with a PID in the middle of test ing the memtest process might not abort right away To increase speed of execution check for a Ctrl C or kill command done outside of any test loops If this is not satisfactory you can run concurrent memtest pro cesses in the background with shorter lengths within the target range memtest sa start address ea end address 1 length ba block address bs block size 7i address inc p pass count d data patter
226. t otherwise discards the characters 4 9 Console Command Operators Table 4 3 lists operators that extend the console command interface Table 4 3 Console Command Operators Operator Name Description gt Output creation Writes output to a specified destination such as a file Form gt destination gt gt Output append Adds output to a specified destination such as a file Form gt gt destination lt Input redirection Reads input from a specified source Form lt source lt lt Here document Reads input from standard input until a specified string is found at the beginning of a line Form lt lt string Pipe Uses the output of the first command as the input for the second command Form cmdl cmd2 Sequence Runs the first command to completion before run ning the second command Form cmd1 cmd2 Line continuation Continues the command on the next line The prompt changes to _ gt until the command is com pleted Form cmd _ gt cmd2 4 6 Console Basics Table 4 3 Console Command Operators Continued Operator Name Description Line comment Ignores the text that follows the operator Used for embedding comments in command scripts or logs Form text amp Background Runs the command in a background process The command line remains available for a new com mand Form cmd amp amp a Affinity Runs the process on the CPU that is allowed by the processor affin
227. tart system devices start Exercise system devices with read write and comparison opera exer tions Managing Memory Allocate a block of memory from the system s heap alloc Free a block of memory that has been allocated from the system s free heap Change the ownership of a block of memory chown Display the state of dynamic memory dynamic Display the system s virtual memory map show map Test memory memtest Start a specified number of memory test processes that are to run memexer in the background Performing Network Operations Using the Console Table 5 1 Summary of Console Operations Continued Operation Command Perform maintenance operations protocol MOP operations such as loopbacks ID requests and remote file loads net Setting Reboot to the SROM Mini Console Enter Serial ROM Mini Console after the next reboot set reboot srom Controlling the LED Specify a character to be displayed on the front panel LED set led Show the character currently being displayed on the front panel show led LED Running the Power Up Diagnostics Script Run the power up script pwrup Managing the Error Log in NVRAM Clear and initialize the area of NVRAM used for console error clear log logging Display error log information stored in NVRAM show log Evaluating Expressions Evaluate expressions eval Managing Console Processes Create a new shell process sh Exit the current shel
228. te the values with a comma without spaces The environment variables define the default boot infor mation To override the default specify boot information with the boot com mand s flags option 5 3 4 Booting Over the Network If you choose to boot an Alpha VME 5 352 or 5 480 SBC over the network you need to define the Ethernet protocol that is to be used Depending on your system configuration you can use the DECnet maintenance operation protocol MOP the Internet boot protocol BOOTP or both You can specify the protocols to be used by setting the value of the environment variable EWAn PROTOCOLS n identifies the network interface or the boot command s protocols option to MOP or BOOTP If you specify both protocols the console firmware tries to use each protocol in the order listed to solicit a boot server If you do not define EWAn PROTOCOLS both protocols are enabled The following example causes the console firmware to try to use BOOTP and then MOP to complete a network boot using interface ewa0 gt gt gt set EWAO PROTOCOLS BOOTP MOP 5 3 4 1 Internet Protocols For the Internet environment the console uses the protocols BOOTP and TFTP to support network booting and file transfers An Internet network boot occurs as follows 1 BOOTP broadcasts a boot request BOOTP copies the values of the environment variables EWAn BOOTP SERVER and EWAn BOOTP FILE to the fields sname and file in the request packet The s
229. ternet 1 Specify the file name of the image to be booted and a network boot device in the boot command line For example gt gt gt boot file filename ewa0 If the pathname for the file includes slashes specify each slash as a double slash For example gt gt gt boot file var adm ris ris0 alpha alphavme5 ewa0 Assign the file name of the image to be booted to the environment variable BOOT FILE and then specify the network device in the boot command line If the pathname for the file includes slashes specify each slash as a double slash For example gt gt gt set BOOT FILE var adm ris ris0 alpha alphavme5 gt gt gt boot ewa0 Assign the file name of the image to be booted to the environment variable EWAO INETFILE and then specify the network device in the boot command line For example gt gt gt set EWAO_INETFILE var adm ris ris0 alpha alphavme5 exe gt gt gt boot ewa0 This method uses only the TFTP protocol All other fields in the BOOTP packet must already be initialized with valid information from a previous Internet boot Assign the file name of the image to be booted to the environment variable EWAO0 BOOTP FILE and then specify the network device in the boot com mand line For example gt gt gt set EWA0 BOOTP FILE var adm ris ris0 alpha alphavme5 exe gt gt gt boot ewa0 The file name defined by EWA0 BOOTP FILE becomes the file name in the outgoing BOOTP request
230. the Console 5 27 Random memory test e Victim block test To run the tests issue the memtest command By default this command runs all four tests starting at the address of the first free space in the memory zone You can run a subset of the available tests by specifying the tests of interest with the t option Note If you use memtest to test large sections of memory it might take a while for testing to complete 5 10 5 1 Specifying the Range of Addresses to be Tested Using various options you can specify the range of memory addresses that are to be tested You identify an address range by specifying a starting address with the sa option and either an ending address length or block size for the random memory test only with the ea I or bs option Block size equals the specified length for all tests except the random memory test The default block size is 1892 bytes Specify the length or block size in bytes If you specify the length of the address range the ending address equals the starting address plus the length When you specify a starting address memtest calls the malloc function to allo cate the specified amount of memory plus 32 bytes beginning at that starting address The extra 32 bytes are reserved for malloc header information There fore if you specify starting address 0xa00000 and a length of 0x100000 memtest allocates from address Ox9fffeO through 0xb00000 Generally this is transparent Howev
231. the PID of a process use the ps command 5 17 4 Specifying the CPUs on Which a Process Can Run If your application environment consists of multiple CPUs you can specify an affinity mask that indicates on which CPUs a process can run Bits 0 and 1 of the mask correspond to CPUs 0 and 1 respectively Suppose a process is in the ready state on CPU 0 and CPU 1 is idle You might consider changing the CPU affinity so that the process can run on CPU 1 To do this use the sa command Specify the command with the PID of the process and a mask value For example to set the mask such that a process can execute on CPU 1 specify a mask value of 2 Using the Console 5 35 5 17 5 Suspending Processes You can suspend the execution of the current console process for a specified amount of time by using the sleep command By default the command suspends the process for one second When the console process is suspended another con sole process that is in the ready state can start executing If the default sleep time is insufficient you can specify a different value and you can use the v option to specify milliseconds 5 17 6 Stopping Processes To stop a process and delete it from the system use the kill command You must specify the process identifier PID for each process that is to be stopped If you do not know the PID for a given process acquire it by using the ps command The following example uses the ps command to acquire the PIDs fo
232. the file stream Since the exer command starts with the same random number seed the set of random numbers generated is always over the same set of block range numbers S Sleep for the number of milliseconds specified by the delay option If you do not specify the delay option the console sleeps for 1 millisec ond Note Times reported in verbose mode are not necessarily accurate when this action character is used The action string can specify any combination or sequence of read write and comparison operations on bufferl and buffer2 Depending on the option argu ments that you use you can omit one or two of the three operations without affect ing the execution of the other operations If the exer command writes to a file the number of bytes processed per pass equals the allocation size of the file The allocation size is usually larger than the length of the file for RAM disk files but equal to the length for disk devices Note Disk device I O fails if the block size is not equal to 1 or a multiple of 512 Partial block read or write operations are not supported therefore a length that is not a multiple of the block size results in no errors but the last partial block I O operation on the data does not occur sec seconds V Terminate the exercise after the specified number of seconds have elapsed By default the exerciser continues until the specified number of blocks or pass count are processed Use m
233. the fol lowing parameters Parameter Description config device device name hwrpb led hex map mode pal version Displays the system configuration Displays information about devices and controllers in the sys tem Displays the Alpha hardware restart parameter block HWRPB Displays a character on the LED panel The hex option dis plays the contents of the LED register instead of the character that is set to be displayed Displays system virtual memory map Displays the current mode FASTBOOT or NOFASTBOOT Displays the version of PALcode for VMS and OSF UNIX Displays the version of the console firmware You can specify a device name with the device parameter The name that you specify can include abbreviations or an asterisk as a wildcard character The naming convention for system devices is as follows dka0 0 0 0 Channel Bus Node Device Unit 4 Controller ID Driver ID envar 0 Hose Slot Always zero for Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs On PCI System lt PCI bus 1000 gt lt PCI function 100 gt lt PCI slot gt Always zero Device s bus ID i e SCSI node ID plug Device s unique system unit number One letter controller designator Two letter port or class driver designator PK SCSI port DK SCSI class EW Ethernet Port Displays the value of the specifie
234. the last previously specified address and data size If you specify a conflicting device address or data size the console ignores the command and issues an error The information that the command displays consists of the device name the address or offset within the device in hexadecimal and the examined data in hexadecimal The examine command uses the same options as the deposit command Addition ally the examine command supports instruction decoding see option d which disassembles instructions beginning at the current address examine b w l q o h d physical virtual gpr fpr ipr n count s step device address 6 24 Console Command Reference Arguments device address Specifies the device name or address space to access The following devices are supported Value Description pmem Physical memory vmem Virtual memory The console firmware checks on accessibility and protec tion If the access would not be allowed to a program running with the cur rent program stack the firmware issues an error message If memory mapping is not enabled virtual addresses are equal to physical addresses gpr General purpose register The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you can specify the following symbols for address r0 through r31 The default data size is quadword fpr Floating point register set The data size defaults to quadword When you specify this value you ca
235. thnames Pins Register symbols Signals Variables address argument sb option AUTO_ACTION HALT usr foo bar LIRQ pin VIP ICR register iogrant signal n x mydev Notes emphasize particularly important information Numbering Numbers are decimal or hexadecimal unless otherwise indicated The prefix Ox indicates a hexadecimal number For example 19 is decimal but 0x19 and Ox19A are hexadecimal see also Addresses Otherwise the base is indicated by a sub script for example 100 is a binary number Ranges and Extents Ranges are specified by a pair of numbers separated by two periods and are inclusive For example a range of integers 0 4 includes the integers 0 1 2 3 and 4 Extents are specified by a pair of numbers in angle brackets lt gt separated by a colon and are inclusive Bit fields are often specified as extents For example bits 7 3 specifies bits 7 6 5 4 and 3 Register and Memory Figures Register figures have bit and field position numbering starting at the right low order and increasing to the left high order Memory figures have addresses starting at the top and increasing toward the bot tom Syntax The following syntax elements are used throughout this manual Do not type the syntax elements when entering information Element Example Description file filename The enclosed items are optional l l Choose one of two or more items Se
236. tialization and Console Tests Initialization Procedures ee Console Display Display Read the SROM and initialize the CPU the CIA chip the PCI bus COMMI port and the SIO chip 8 8 Detect the CPU speed initialize the CPU and CIA Bcache registers and turn off the Bcache 7 4 Initialize CIA memory control registers wake up the DRAMs and determine the amount of memory that is installed 6 6 Enable the Dcache and Bcache Disable ECC report ing read from memory and then write back to mem ory with a good ECC Clear the CPU and CIA error registers 5 35 4 4 Write to memory data address read from mem ory and compare Check the ECC error status Load the SRM console and perform a checksum 2 2 Enable all Scache Set and flush the Icache 1 1 Jump to the console 0 starting console on CPU 0 Initialize console test memory and NVRAM and See sample output probe the PCI bus below Perform console SCSI test A SCSI Tests Perform console heartbeat test B Heartbeat Test Perform console interval timer tests C Interval Timer Tests Perform console TOY clock tests Time of Year Test Perform console serial com port tests E 7 2 Diagnostics and System Initialization Table 7 1 SROM Initialization and Console Tests Continued LED Initialization Procedures Display Console Display Perform console Ethernet ROM tests F Ethernet ROM Tests Perform console internal loopback tests G NI Loopback Test
237. ting address Using the Console 5 29 5 10 6 2 Random Memory Test The random memory test writes random data to random addresses using random data sizes lengths and alignments The test gains access to every memory loca tion in the specified range of addresses to be tested so long as the length does not exceed 8 MB When the length exceeds 8 MB the test applies a modulo function to the seed which can result in some addresses being tested multiple times and others not being tested at all The random memory test proceeds as follows 1 Gets an address index into the random number generator s LCG structure based on the length of the address range being tested 2 Gets a data index based on a random data seed that you specify with the memtest command s rs option and the size of the address range 3 Calls the random number generator with the acquired address index and an initial address seed of 0 to get a random address 4 Calls the random number generator with the acquired data index and the spec ified data seed to get the longword of data to be used during testing The lower bit of the random data determines whether the test performs longword or quadword transactions Use of the lower bit speeds up the test by eliminating the need for another call to the random number generator Stores the random data at the random address Flushes the data out to the Bcache Reads the data back into memory a xl CON eA Compares th
238. tion 40 C 40 F to 65 C 149 F 40 000 feet 5 to 95 noncondensing 0 89 kg 1 96 Ib 32 C 90 F 1 5 g 3 axis IMTBF MIL HDBK 217F Specifications and Requirements 1 5 Notes Real failures for MBTF figures are defined as random component failures that are not caused by customer errors workmanship related failures third party component issues or design related problems where corrective action has been implemented The operating temperature range is 0 C to 50 C This is dependent on pro cessor speed and enclosure air flow see Figure 1 1 1 4 2 Cooling Requirements The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs provide a heat sink for CPU thermal con trol The amount of cooling required is defined by the operating environment to which the SBC assembly is subjected The curve shown in Figure 1 1 defines the amount of ambient air the SBC assembly requires in linear feet per minute at vari ous ambient temperatures Actual cooling depends on the turbulence in the air stream as it enters the assembly volume Figure 1 1 Required Air Flow Relative to Ambient Temperature 60 9 r o 55 o 3 o a E 50 E 2 a E 45 40 200 400 600 800 1000 7 852 MHz Unit 480 MHz Unit Linear Feet Per Minute Note The maximum temperature when measured between the heat sink studs on the base of the heat sink must be less than 68 C 1
239. tion Test 8 14 LANGUAGE environment variable 5 8 LANGUAGE NAME environment variable 5 8 LEDs checking while troubleshooting B 2 front panel LED controlling 5 3 5 32 display 7 1 displaying a character on 6 64 power LED 2 3 2 5 2 10 VME slave activity watchdog timeout LED 2 3 2 5 Level 3 cache See Bcache LICENSE environment variable 5 8 line command 5 4 6 45 Log files commenting in 4 7 Log error clearing 6 12 displaying 6 72 Loop count 5 7 Loop data 5 7 Loopback Ethernet 5 31 Loopbacks 6 53 maintenance operations protocol MOP 5 31 Is command 5 3 6 46 Maintenance operations protocol MOP counters 5 31 for copying scripts over the network 4 11 loopback 5 31 operations performing 6 53 operations performing 5 3 man command 4 3 6 47 March memory test 5 29 Meantime between failures MBTF 1 5 mem ex command 8 1 memexer command 5 2 6 48 Memory 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 2 allocating 5 2 5 27 6 2 autoconfiguration of 1 1 bits testing 7 5 changing ownership of 5 2 5 27 6 10 configurations 2 6 data bus 2 6 bandwidths 1 1 3 7 depositing data into 5 21 displaying the state of 5 2 6 19 examining data in 5 21 6 24 exercising 6 48 freeing 5 2 5 27 6 36 Graycode test 5 28 managing 5 2 5 26 march test 5 29 modules 2 2 2 5 checking the seating of B 2 connectors for 2 3 physical 5 20 as default device 5 19 random test 5 30 subsystem 3 6 Index 9 test options
240. tors two VMEbus connectors and a VMEbus P2 signal connector The VMEbus P2 signal connector provides a way of sending I O signals from a PMC option to a device attached to the VMEbus P2 connector instead of to the front panel of the PMC option card To use the PMC I O companion card you must have three adjacent slots available in your VME chassis Figure 2 8 shows the layout of the card Figure 2 8 PMC I O Companion Card Layout wo 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 ML013786 The numeric callouts in the figure identify the following key components Module Components 2 9 2 10 P1 VMEbus connector P2 VMEbus connector VMEbus P2 signal connector for PMC option 1 I O module connector on the back of the PMC I O companion card Power LED Keyboard connector Mouse connector Diskette drive connector Signaling level jumper jumper MUST be set to 5 0 V oO Oo o N OO A CQ Iv PMC option 2 connector PMC option 1 connector Note The Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBCs support a PS 2 type 101 compat ible keyboard and mouse The 34 pin diskette drive connector see item 8 in Figure 2 8 provides a way of attaching a diskette drive for example an RX23 or RX26 To use this connector you must make or buy a cable that is best suited for your application DIGITAL supplies only the pin assignments for the c
241. tring and returns a value exer writes the value to the buffer Note The exer command never reinitializes the buffers even after completing one or more exercise passes 5 9 3 2 Exercise Operations The types of I O operations that the exerciser performs include the following e Read to a specific buffer e Write from a specific buffer e Write from a specific buffer without a lock e Compare the contents of the two buffers e Seek to the file offset prior to the last read or write e Seek to varying device locations using the console firmware s random num ber generator before performing read and write operations e Sleep for a specified number of milliseconds 5 9 3 3 Tailoring the Exercises You can tailor the behavior of the exer command by using options to specify the following e The address range to exercise e The packet size number of bytes to be used in each I O operation e The number of passes to run e The number of seconds to run e The sequence of I O operations to be performed 5 9 3 4 Seeking to Random Device Locations You can instruct the exerciser to seek to random device locations prior to perform ing I O operations You specify this action by including the action string with the exer command s a option The exerciser achieves randomization by using the console firmware s random number generator which uses a linear congruential generator to generate the random numbers The LCG algorithm is not truly ran dom
242. ts output to sample gt gt gt cat mopdl sample eza0 gt sample Remember be patient When the console prompt returns the copy operation is complete You can then display and execute the resident script file sample by using the following sequence of console commands gt gt gt cat sample show version ls l1 sample gt gt gt sample version V1 1 0 Jul 1 1996 10 16 59 rwx rd 512 2048 0 sample Console Basics 9 Using the Console This chapter explains how to use the console command interface to Manage environment variables Section 5 2 Boot the system Section 5 3 Use TFTP to read files across the network Section 5 4 Manage the TOY clock Section 5 5 Get system information Section 5 6 Update firmware Section 5 7 Examine and deposit data Section 5 8 Manage the console devices and processor Section 5 9 Manage memory Section 5 10 Perform network operations Section 5 11 Set reboot to the SROM Mini Console Section 5 12 Control the LED Section 5 13 Run the power up diagnostics script Section 5 14 Manage the error log in NVRAM Section 5 15 Evaluate expressions Section 5 16 Manage console processes Section 5 17 Manage files and file content Section 5 19 5 1 Summary of Console Operations The DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console interface consists of commands for managing the operation of your SBC running diagnostics and ver ifying the integrity of your system design Table 5 1
243. ttributes of a file Dump the contents of a file e List the files and inodes in the system Delete files from the system e Sort the contents of a file e Write text to a file standard output e Search for expressions within files e Copy a file from the standard input channel of the current process to the stan dard output channel of that process For more information on performing these operations see descriptions of the cat chmod echo grep hd line Is rm and sort commands in Chapter 6 Using the Console 5 37 6 Console Command Reference This chapter describes the DIGITAL Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC console commands The descriptions are ordered alphabetically by command name for quick reference The command descriptions include the following information e Explanation of usage e Syntax e Arguments Options e Examples Related commands Console Command Reference 6 1 alloc allocate a block of memory Allocates a block of memory from heap Once allocated test routines can write to and read from the allocated memory Only one routine can write to the memory at a time but multiple routines can read from the memory simultaneously Syntax alloc size modulus remainder flood z heap address Arguments size Specifies the number of bytes of memory to be allocated Specify the size as a hexadecimal value modulus Specifies the modulus for the beginning address of the block of memory being alloc
244. uence for 4 5 Prompt character sequence for console 4 5 Protocols VMEbus 3 14 ps command 5 3 5 34 6 56 pwrup command 5 3 5 32 6 57 Index 12 R Radix specifying 4 7 Random memory test 5 30 Real time clock 1 2 Registers 5 20 21040 Ethernet controller PCI configuration reading and printing 8 9 depositing data in 5 22 examining data in 5 22 module clear heartbeat register 8 3 Regulatory compliance 1 6 Remote host system Internet address of 5 13 Remote Internet LAN gateway Internet address of 5 13 Requirements 1 1 cooling 1 6 environmental 1 5 physical 1 3 power 1 4 input 1 4 Reserved words 4 7 Reset reason register 3 11 Reset signal VMEbus 4 2 Reset switch 2 4 2 5 4 2 Ripple voltage 1 4 rm command 5 3 6 58 S Sa command 5 3 6 59 Scatter gather map VMEbus 3 15 Scatter Gather RAM Test 8 2 Scatter gather RAM VMEbus 3 14 Scripts commenting in 4 7 console command 4 10 power on diagnostics running 5 3 SCSI bus connector 2 7 SCSI cable 3 8 checking the connection of B 2 connector 2 7 SCSI controller 1 2 2 1 3 2 3 8 SCSI Device Tests 8 2 SCSI devices checking the seating of B 2 SCSI termination 3 8 checking B 2 control 2 7 signal 2 7 Second level cache 3 4 Secondary breakout module 2 2 2 8 checking the seating of B 2 connector on primary breakout module 2 7 connector pin assignments for C 6 semaphore command 5 3 5 36 6 60 Semaphores displaying
245. ule configuration switch 3 4 2 Switchpack configuration 2 4 Symbolic addresses 5 22 SYSRESET signal 1 3 System booting 5 2 5 10 6 4 configuration displaying 5 2 System clock 3 2 System clock signal SYSCLK 1 3 3 2 3 7 System components initializing 5 24 System configuration 5 18 System I O SIO chip 3 9 System information displaying 6 69 getting 5 2 5 18 System initialization sequence 7 2 System parameters setting 6 61 T Technical specifications See Specifications Temperature ambient 1 6 change 1 3 controlling 1 6 nonoperating range 1 5 operating 1 3 operating range 1 5 storage 1 3 Tests 8 1 21040 Configuration Register Test 8 10 21040 Control Status Register Dump 8 9 21040 Ethernet Controller Tests 8 1 8 9 21040 PCI Configuration Register Dump 8 9 3 Timers Loopback Test 8 6 DALLAS DS1386 NVRAM Watchdog Timer Index 13 keeper Tests 8 11 Ethernet Hardware Address Test 8 2 Ethernet Internal Loopback Test 8 9 Graycode memory test 5 28 Heartbeat Timer Test 8 1 8 2 Interval Timer Tests 8 2 8 4 LAN Address ROM Dump Test 8 14 LAN Address ROM Tests 8 14 LAN Address ROM Verification Test 8 14 march memory test 5 29 memory options for 5 31 running multiple 5 31 NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O Processor Tests 8 16 NCR810 Command Status Register Dump 8 16 NCR810 Command Status Register Reset Value Test 8 17 NCR810 Command Status Register Test 8 17 NCR810 Internal Live Bus
246. ules and the seating of all VME devices Diagnostics pass but the SCSI tests take Check the SCSI termination the seating of more than 10 seconds to complete the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC CPU and I O module assembly the seating of the breakout modules the seating of the SCSI cable and the seating of all SCSI devices Diagnostics pass but there are no or Check the console terminal connections unreadable characters displayed on the and settings 9600 baud 8 bits no parity console The terminal should be plugged into the console CON port Troubleshooting B 3 C Module Connector Pin Assignments Sections C 1 through C 5 provide pin assignment information for the Alpha VME 5 352 and 5 480 SBC CPU module connector C 1 I O Type 1 module connector C 2 Primary breakout module connector C 3 Secondary breakout module connector C 4 PMC I O companion card connector C 5 C 1 CPU Module Connector Pin Assignments The CPU module 54 24827 xx P2 connector has the following power ground pin assignments Row A Row B Row C Ground 1 2 4 5 7 8 10 11 13 15 2 12 22 31 3 4 7 11 14 17 20 22 16 18 23 28 30 24 27 30 VCC 3 6 9 12 14 17 24 27 31 1 13 32 1 2 5 6 12 13 18 19 32 23 28 29 31 32 C 2 I O Module Connector Pin Assignments Sections C 2 1 through C 2 4 show the pin assignments for the VMEbus connec tor console and serial connectors and the Ethernet connector on t
247. umed good since it is tested separately in manufac turing See also the description of the memtest console command in Chapter 6 Note This test is dependent upon the setting of the environment variable MODE Setting MODE to FASTBOOT results in a quick memory verifi cation test NOFASTBOOT results in a full memory test Test Name None executes when the power is turned on Diagnostics and System Initialization 7 5 8 Console Mode Diagnostics This chapter describes the following console mode diagnostic tests which might be run during system initialization testing or from the console e Heartbeat Timer Test e Interval timer tests e DECchip 21040 Ethernet controller tests DALLAS DS1386 RAMified watchdog timekeeper tests LAN Address ROM Test e NCR 53C810 PCI SCSI I O processor tests e Watchdog Timer Interrupt Test e VME interface tests Section 8 1 provides a summary of the dianostics 8 1 Console Mode Diagnostics Summary You can invoke some diagnostics directly from the console terminal and you can control them by using command options and diagnostic environment variables These tests may require operator intervention Table 8 1 shows the console mode diagnostic tests and the command you can use to invoke them You can invoke the majority of these tests at the console prompt Table 8 1 Console Mode Diagnostic Tests HW Under Test Command Description Device Exerciser exer device Exercises one or m
248. y device name 4 gt gt gt examine pc gpr 0000000F PC FFFFFFFC Examine the program counter 5 gt gt gt examine sp gpr 0000000E SP 00000200 Console Command Reference 6 27 See Also 6 gt gt gt examine n 5 R7 gpr 00000007 R7 00000000 gpr 00000008 R8 00000000 gpr 00000009 R9 801D9000 gpr 0000000A R10 00000000 gpr 0000000B R11 00000000 gpr 0000000C AP 00000000 Examine register R7 plus the 5 following general purpose registers 7 examine ipr 11 ipr 00000011 SCBB 2004A000 Examine the SCBB internal processor register 17 decimal 8 gt gt gt examine scbb ipr 00000011 SCBB 2004A000 Examine the SCBB using the symbolic name 9 gt gt gt examine pmem 0 pmem 00000000 00000000 Examine physical address 0 10 gt gt gt examine d 40000 pmem 00040000 11 BRB 20040019 Examine address 40000 with macro instruction decode 11 gt gt gt examine pmem 20040048 DB MFPR S 2B B 48 R1 Look at the next instruction deposit Examine the GPR stack pointer register 6 28 Console Command Reference exer exercise devices Exercises one or more devices by performing read write and comparison opera tions Optionally this command reports performance statistics A read operation reads data from a device and places the data in a buffer A write operation writes data that resides in a buffer to a device A comparison operation compares t
249. y sequence of one or more digits Matches optionally When you place a question mark after a pattern the question mark indicates that the pattern can match Zero or one times For example a z 0 9 matches a lower case letter alone or followed by a single digit Prevents the character denoted by x following the backslash from having special meaning file Specifies the files to be searched If you do not specify a file the command searches standard input STDIN Options 6 38 C Print only the number of lines that matched Ignore case during the search By default the grep command is case sensitive n Console Command Reference f file Examples Print the line numbers of the matching lines Print all lines that do not contain the specified expression Use the regular expression in the specified file instead of the expression specified on the command line 1 gt gt gt ps grep ewa0 0000001f 0019e220 3 2 ffffffff 0 mopcn ewa0 waiting on mop ewa0 cnw 00000019 0018e220 2 Loft 00000018 0018f900 3 3 ffftftfff mop ewa0 dlw mopid ewa0 waiting on tqe mopdl ewa0 waiting on 00000015 0019c320 5 Oy LELEEEETE 0 tx_ewa0 waiting on ewa0 isr tx 00000013 001a2ce0 5 2 ffffffff O rx ewa0 waiting on ewa0 isr rx Search the output of the ps command standard input for lines contain ing EWAO 2 gt gt gt alloc 20 OOFFFFEO gt gt gt deposit q pmem ff
250. you can use the stop and start commands To stop the CPU enter just the command name stop on the command line You can then restart the CPU by specifying the start command with the address at which execution is to begin To stop and start one or more devices specify the stop and start commands with the drivers option and one of the following Option Parameter Stops or Starts Specific device name The specified device Device prefix for example ewa All devices of the specified class None All system devices 5 9 3 Exercising Devices You can exercise your SBC s devices with various read write and comparison operations by using the exer command This command also can report perfor mance statistics 5 9 3 1 Exercise Buffers The exer command uses two buffers in the memzone heap of main memory to perform the exercise operations The command e Reads from a device to a buffer e Writes from a buffer to a device e Compares the contents of the two buffers 5 24 Using the Console Prior to initiating any I O operations the command initializes the buffers with data patterns By default the data pattern for each buffer consists of OxSA in every byte Alternatively you can specify your own data patterns with the d1 and d2 options These options take a postfix string argument For each byte in a given buffer starting with the first byte 1 exer passes the postfix string to the eval command 2 evalevaluates the s

DIGITAL Alpha VME 5/352 and 5/480 Single-Board

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