Rotary Motion Sensor
Contents
1. Data HARVEST Data Harvest Group Ltd 1 Eden Court Leighton Buzzard Beds LU7 4FY Tel 01525 373666 Fax 01525 851638 e mail sales data harvest co uk www data harvest co uk Smart Q TECHNOLOGY Rotary Motion Sensor Product No 3280 Ranges Angular position 0 360 degrees Resolution 0 1 degree Angular velocity revs 4 rev s Resolution 0 01 rev Angular velocity rads 40 rad s Resolution 0 1 rad Linear Distance 200 mm Uses the Linear Rack accessory Resolution 0 1 mm Distance 200 mm Using the 11 mm Pulley Resolution 0 1 mm Distance 2 000 mm Using the 31 mm Pulley Resolution 1mm Distance 2 000 mm Using the 49 mm Pulley Resolution 1mm Pendulum 20 degrees Resolution 0 1 degree DS 055 No 4 Data Harvest Freely photocopiable for use within the purchasers establishment Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor Contents WRONG iol p PeT O T A E EA E A A THC OON OM eee E E E Clamping the SENSOL cccccccssecccceeececcceeseeecsesseeeceusececsuageeessaeeseeesaaes GONDO CUNO ec sseceee nadenssnceaaateeenctesaeehetede eomednerseusaceunecaee sedeesnencecteneesteane Power requirements cccceccccececeseecseseceeceeeeceuseceueeseueessueeceesseeessaeess LOSE 1 the TINE sissa nr EErEE Linear displacement ccccccseccceeeeceeeceeeeceuseceueecuesseeseueeseueessueesseeeaes Using the Pulley ranges 11 mm 31 mm and 49 mm2. The measured distance between the two marked points on the string rod for one revolution using the 49 mm pulley was 162 mm The calibration is calculated at 154 56 mm per revolution so the correction factor is 162 1 05 mm 154 56 Select Pre or Post log Function from the Tools menu select Preset function General Multiply by a constant click on Next select the Rotary Motion sensor as the channel e g Pulley 11 mm click on Next alter the channel name to identify it as the corrected data set e g Pulley 11 mm adj and enter the correction factor as the number to multiply by e g 1 05 into the parameters box Finish 49 mm Pulley Using the Linear Rack range When this range is selected the Rotary Motion Sensor will accurately measure linear displacement of 200 mm when used with the optional Linear rack from the Rotary Motion Accessory pack Product No 3288 The linear rack is toothed and will turn the gear wheel attached to the encoder shaft This accessory is suitable for applications where distance needs to be measured without any other forces being introduced e g tension or pull A mini c clamp is provided in the Accessory pack which enables a Smart Q Sensor to be secured to the linear rack Used this way the position of a Sensor can be recorded as it is moved in an investigation e g inverse square law using a Light level Sensor or change in field strength between magnets using the Magnetic field Sensor Smar
3. 08 Using the Linear Rack range ccccccccsssecesssececseeeessesceseuseeseuseeseaes Angular OS DIACCIMON Us inutertnctinendercias ation sinateinctaaiylatindecaupaasateieninemriiels Using the Angular Position range ccccccceseeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeaees Using the Pendulum range c cscrissnensseriatdesiinssinrinesinasisatoraneutideiandcens Angular velocity nnonenneennnsnenseneenrrserrrssrrosrrerrrrrrrreerrrrsrrrsrrersrrernrerenreee Using the Revolutions or Radians a second rangGe ccceeseeeeeeees DOV VAING Cie carertcvdvetesencecsaacteavsewnsenectusuecdetaceemeeuscvsnansauseronsmsesesteuanntecsass 10 PW SSI OIOINS saa csat cite cba rity a a a oE eae peinst 10 Using Pre or Post log functions circ sossendvincs acter seceszetpsnenneves ocpentwaee eceyenseets 10 Removing an offset from a Set Of data ceccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeans 10 To calculate velocity from Motion data cccccceecceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeees 11 To calculate acceleration from motion data cccseeceessseeeeeeeaeeeees 11 MVNO isle ouante anys tasl E E AEE 12 ODMAOAOONAAKRBRWBWHNDH Introduction The Smart Q Rotary Motion Sensor is a low friction bi directional position sensor which can be used to perform a variety of investigations into rotational mechanics The Rotary Motion Sensor can be used to measure directly e Linear displacement by using any of the pulley ranges or the linear rack e Angular displ
4. EASYSENSE software and select Graph from the Home page From the logging wizard select a recording time of 10 seconds to start logging at a fixed reference point e g trigger when the pendulum rises above a value of 0 00 e Swing the pendulum click on the Start icon logging will start when the trigger condition set is met stiff wire Smart Rotary Motion Sensor Optional Rotary Motion Accessory Pack Both the Angular Position and Pendulum range are suitable for use with the optional Pendulum rod and masses from the Rotary Motion Accessory pack Product No 3288 The Pendulum rod can be used for both pendulum and rotational inertia investigations Angular Velocity Using the revolutions or radians a second range The Rotary Motion Sensor can record angular velocity either in radians per second or revolutions per second As the shaft of the Sensor is rotated the optical encoder disc cuts through a light source and interrupts the light beam The length of these interruptions is used to calculate the angular velocity When the Ang revs range is selected the displayed value will be shown as the number of revolutions per second When Ang rad is selected values will be in radians per second Speed round the circle is constant per second A radian is an alternative measurement of Angular velocity is a measure of the angle moved through angle commonly used in physics instead of degrees Object takes time t to mo
5. pulley Angular position 0 360 degrees Pendulum 20 degrees Angular velocity rads 40 radians per second Angular velocity revs 4 revolutions per second Linear distance 200 mm using the linear rack a ea a a a Mounting thread Locating pins for the optional angular momentum disc Locating ridge for the optional spoked pulley Square slot for the Retaining screw optional linear rack M3 thread Mounting thread gt Three tier pulley Product code Rotary Motie Sensor Reset button gt Indents for the optional Mounting thread pendulum rod On the front of the Sensor is a three tier pulley The diameter of the larger pulley is 49 mm the centre pulley is 31 mm and the smallest pulley is 11 mm The reset button is located on the left side of the Sensor This button will act as a tare and when pressed will set the output of the Sensor to centre point of the scale This point will be at approximately zero for all ranges apart from angular position which will be 180 Due to the physical characteristics of the encoder wheel there may need to be some 2 Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor further fine adjustment made for absolute zero The best method of making this adjustment is by minute tilting of the body of the Sensor or a small manipulation of the shaft Note f it is not possible to set the Sensor to zero the offset from the Sensors reading can be removed in the EA
6. SYSENSE software see page 10 Some of the features visible on the Rotary Motion Sensor are guides for accessories available to purchase separately These accessories are e The linear rack pendulum rod and angular momentum discs which are available as the Rotary Motion Accessory pack Product No 3288 e The Spoked Pulley Product No 3177 Clamping the Sensor The Sensor needs to be held securely when used in an investigation For example e Clamp the mounting rod in a boss only the rod should be clamped not the body of the Sensor If the body of the Sensor is clamped it may distort the case and set the shaft out of alignment e Rest the Rotary Motion Sensor on the bench to prevent it from moving e Clamp the retort stand to the bench e Keep the distance between the Sensor and the boss as short as possible to reduce flexing e Level the Sensor vertically or horizontally depending on its orientation in use as accurately as possible to prevent uneven wear on the axle bearings Connecting e Push one end of the sensor cable supplied with the T EASYSENSE unit into the shaped socket on the with locating side of the Sensor arrow facing e Connect the other end of the sensor cable to the upwards input socket on the EASYSENSE unit with the locating arrow facing upwards Input socket e The EASYSENSE unit will detect that the Rotary Motion Sensor is connected and will display the currently selected range If the r
7. acement using the angular position or pendulum range e Angular velocity using either the revolutions or radians per second range The Smart Q Rotary Motion Sensor is equipped with a micro controller that greatly improves its accuracy precision and consistency The micro controller contains the calibration for 8 different ranges making it a versatile Sensor for a wide range of laboratory investigations The stored calibration for the selected range is automatically loaded into EASYSENSE when the Rotary Motion Sensor is connected The Rotary Motion Sensor is supplied with a steel rod size 80 mm long x 10 mm diameter with a M6 thread This support rod can be screwed into the mounting threads which are found on four sides of the Sensor The rod can be used for clamping into a suitable holding device e g a retort stand in many different orientations Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor The Sensor Inside the body of the Sensor is an optical encoder disc fitted to the shaft of the Sensor When the shaft of the Sensor is turned the optical encoder disc will cut through a light source and produce a pulse each time the beam is interrupted The optical encoder will give a maximum of 1024 counts per revolution of the Sensors shaft The information provided by the pulses has been used to provide data for eight ranges These are Distance 200 mm using the 11 mm pulley Distance 2000 mm using the 31 mm pulley Distance 2000 mm using the 49 mm
8. ange and click on the Change angel are een Range button Linear Rack F The current range will be highlighted Select the Pde alien required range and click on OK ss a Close Sensor Config Click on New and then Finish for the change in range to be detected by the logging mode The range setting will be retained until changed by the user With some EASYSENSE units it is possible to set the range from the unit Please refer to the EASYSENSE unit s user manual Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor Linear Displacement Using the Pulley ranges 11 mm 31 mm and 49 mm If a length of thread is run in the groove of the pulley wheel and turns the pulley as it moves the distance moved by the thread can be calculated The accuracy of the distance results is affected by the thickness of the string used The calibration for the stored pulley ranges was calculated using 1 5 mm diameter string run in the groove of the pulley For accurate results use 1 5 mm diameter string or rod Direction of the decreasing Number of complete Distance in mm Pulley i distance reading looking at the revolutions travelled travelled each Diameter Sensor from the pulley front over range revolution The pulley on the Rotary Motion Sensor is graduated with 49 mm pulley three different sizes The smallest pulley has a diameter 31 mm of 11 mm and can measure over a distance of 200 mm pulley The other two pulleys have a diameter o
9. ange is not suitable for your investigation set to the correct range see page 4 Rotary Motion Sensor Smart Rotary Motion Sensor Power requirements When connected to an EASYSENSE unit this Sensor will be permanently powered It will draw a lot of current i e 60mA so we recommend the EASYSENSE unit is connected to its mains power supply when used with this Sensor for extended periods of time EASYSENSE Flash Logger users We recommend the Pocket PC should be connected to an external power supply when used with this Sensor There is a limit to the power that can be supplied from a CompactFlash slot the minimum specified tolerance is 100 mA at 3 3 V The EASYSENSE Flash Logger takes 35 mA at 3 3 V the Rotary Motion Sensor takes 60 mA which means that the two used together are near the CompactFlash slots minimum limit 60 mA amp 35 95 mA We therefore recommend that the Rotary Motion Sensor be best used on its own when connected to the Flash Logger Note The Flash Logger will be protected by its built in short circuit protection should this limit be exceeded To set the range a the Rotary Motion Sensor to the EASYSENSE Be Saison ance x Start the EASYSENSE program and select one of the Sensor 1 logging modes from the Home page e g EasyLog Select Sensor Config from the Settings menu Select Range Select the Rotary Motion Sensor from the list it will be sia Mien listed using its current r
10. f 31 and 49 mm i and will both measure over a distance of 2000 mm The pulley can be set up to record the distance moved by an object by either using a thread over the pulley wheel or h a rod resting on in the pulley wheel groove 11 mm pulley Using a thread over the pulley 1 Decide which diameter pulley is the most suitable for your investigation Set this as the selected range see page 4 2 Clamp the Rotary Motion Sensor in a stand using its rod attachment 3 Cut a suitable length of 1 5 mm thread Attach one end of the thread to the test object and the other end to a small mass to apply a tension to the thread 4 Run the thread in the groove of the selected pulley Check that when the test object is moved the pulley runs freely 5 With the test object secured at its start position and the small mass applying tension to the thread press the reset button on the side of the Rotary Motion Sensor to set to near zero Note Slight manipulation of the body of the Sensor may be necessary to set absolutely to zero 6 Start recording and release the test object to record the change in distance 5 Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor This method would be useful for e Attaching to a spirometer to measure breathing patterns e Investigating motion forces using the Dynamics system Rotary Motion e Recording the distance moved by a Sensor e g investigat
11. ing resonance in a pipe with a Sound Sensor Loud Speaker Using a metal or wooden rod A rod can be used instead of thread e g when a tensioned mass will create unwanted movement Follow the same procedure but instead of using thread attach a 1 5 mm diameter metal or wooden rod to the object that will be moved Rest the rod in the groove of the selected pulley For example This set Temperature Syringe 100 cm up could be used to Sensor bT measure the movement of a gas i O syringe barrel in a rate of reaction Metal or Rotary Motion investigation wooden rod Sensor Retort stands Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor Compensating for a different diameter rod or string The calibration for the pulley ranges was calculated using 1 5 mm diameter string If a different diameter rod or string is used then measurements for distance travelled may be incorrect and a correction factor will need to be calculated for your data Mark a point on the pulley wheel being used Mark a point on the string rod and with the string rod resting in on the rim of the pulley wheel match up the two marks Use the string rod to rotate the pulley for one complete rotation and mark the string rod again Measure the distance between the two points on the string rod and work out the correction factor needed Example Pulley Diameter Distance calibrated for each revolution mm
12. ion choose Motion from the drop down menu then Velocity click on Next Select the position or distance channel the calculation should be applied to e g Pendulum click on Next Edit the units as appropriate e g deg s and Finish Select X Axis from the Display menu Select Channel as the X axis 9 04 to alter the channel displayed Velocity deg s To calculate acceleration from motion data Note f you intend to differentiate data recorded by the Rotary Motion Sensor it is best to record using an intersample time of 50 ms or more 1 2 4 Select either Pre or Post log a Function from the Tools menu Select Preset function then Motion from the drop down menu then Acceleration second derivative from oe ae ee position or distance data click Next Select the position or distance channel the calculation should be applied to e g Pendulum click on Next Edit the units as appropriate e g deg s s and Finish 10 0 20 0 300 400 50 0 580 y 2007 11 23 18 11 Smart i Rotary Motion Sensor Warranty All Data Harvest Sensors are warranted to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 12 months from the date of purchase provided they have been used in accordance with any instructions under normal laboratory conditions This warranty does not apply if the Sensor has been damaged by accident or misuse In the event of a fault developing within the 12 mon
13. t l Rotary Motion Sensor Angular Displacement Using the Angular Position range When this range is selected the Rotary Motion Sensor will record from 0 360 degrees which is one complete revolution of the pulley shaft Centre point of the scale for this range is 180 so when the reset button is pressed the Sensor will return a value of near 180 Note Slight manipulation of the body of the Sensor may be necessary to set absolutely to 180 This range is suitable for large angle pendulums Using the Pendulum range When this range is selected the Rotary Motion Sensor will record 20 degrees from the resting vertical The Pendulum range is suitable for most pendulum experiments A simple pendulum e Clamp the mounting rod in a boss and rest the base of the Sensor on the bench top to prevent the Rotary Motion Sensor from moving Position the retort stand so that the pendulum wire will hang freely over the surface edge e Set either Angular Position or Pendulum as the selected range see page 4 e Attach a mass to the end of a length of stiff wire e Loosen the screw in the centre of the front pulley IN wheel so a small gap is created between the ANA Mass head of the screw and the shaft DN attached to e Make a small hook at the other end of the wire WW ane and place in the gap e Tighten the screw to secure the wire e With the pendulum hanging still and freely at rest press the reset button on the Sensor e Start the
14. th period the Sensor must be returned to Data Harvest for repair or replacement at no expense to the user other than postal charges Note Data Harvest products are designed for educational use and are not intended for use in industrial medical or commercial applications WEEE Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Legislation Data Harvest Group Ltd are fully compliant with WEEE legislation and are pleased to provide a disposal service for any of our products when their life expires Simply return them to us E clearly identified as life expired and we will dispose of them for you 12
15. tional form Tracking movement in a circle Linear displacement of an object or Smart Q Sensor Using Pre or Post log functions Removing an offset from a set of data If it is was not possible to set the Sensor to zero the offset from Sensor s reading can be removed either e As the data set is created using a Pre log Function or e On data already recorded using a Post log Function Note You will need to know the tare value before using these functions e g by using Test Mode from the Tools menu Select either Pre or Post log Function from the Tools menu 2 Select Preset function choose General from the drop down menu then Tare click on Next 10 Smart Rotary Motion Sensor Select the channel the function should be applied to e g Pulley 11 mm click on Next Alter the channel name to identify it as the corrected data set e g Pulley 11 mm adj and enter the tare value into the parameters box Finish Note Make the tare value negative or positive as appropriate e g 2 2 0 2 2 0 To calculate velocity from motion data Note f you intend to differentiate data recorded by the Rotary Motion Sensor it is best to record using an intersample time of 50 ms or more 1 2 3 4 Alter the display to show data channels on both axes an X Y graph 1 2 3 Click to left of or below the axis 40 Select either Pre or Post log Function from the Tools menu Select Preset funct
16. ve through angle 8 Angular velocity rads 1 radian 57 296 Full Circle 360 2T rad 6 28 rad Half Circle 180 tr rad 3 14 rad Optional Rotary Motion Accessory Pack Both these ranges are suitable for use with both the Angular momentum disc set and the Pendulum rod and masses from the optional Rotary Motion Accessory pack Product No 3288 These accessories can be used to investigate moment of inertia rotational collisions and conservation of angular momentum Smart l Rotary Motion Sensor Maintenance If the Rotary Motion Sensor is not moving as freely as expected place a drop of light machine oil e g 3 in 1 at the two bearings points 1 On the spindle at the back of the Sensor 2 Between the three tier pulley and the body of the Sensor Spin the pulley several times so the oil will fully penetrate the bearings Investigations Motion kinetics trolley Atwood s machine Rates of reaction volume of gas collected in a gas syringe The study of pendulums and simple harmonic motion With a spirometer to measure breathing patterns Conservation of mechanical energy Distance moved by a Smart Q Sensor When used with the optional Rotary Motion Accessory pack Product No 3288 Conservation of angular momentum Moments of inertia Pendulum investigations Gravitational rotational energy Frictional torque Rotational collisions Rotational inertia Newton s second law in its rota
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